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authorNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900
committerNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900
commite0c6872cf40896c7be36b11dcc744620f10adf1d (patch)
tree60335e10d2f4354b0674ec22d7b53f0f8abee672 /macros/latex/contrib/springer
Initial commit
Diffstat (limited to 'macros/latex/contrib/springer')
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/README5
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/sr-vorl.dtx1397
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-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.ps1864
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.tex89
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/svjour.cls1236
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/svsct.clo194
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/template.tex136
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/usrguide.dvibin0 -> 28500 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/usrguide.pdfbin0 -> 197756 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.dvibin0 -> 64928 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.pdfbin0 -> 72853 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.tex1210
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/natbib.dtx3221
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/natbib.ins57
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/readme.txt38
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/stroptgd.dvibin0 -> 7696 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/stroptgd.tex199
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/svjour.cls1236
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/svstropt.clo250
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/template.tex144
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/usrguide.dvibin0 -> 28500 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/usrguide.pdfbin0 -> 197756 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/read.me22
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.dvibin0 -> 1844 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.pdfbin0 -> 82899 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.tex89
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/svjour.cls1236
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/svsttt.clo195
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/template.tex136
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/usrguide.dvibin0 -> 28500 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/usrguide.pdfbin0 -> 197756 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/example/example.dvibin0 -> 35688 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/example/example.tex601
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/read.me31
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/svjour.cls1236
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/svsw.clo351
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/swguide.dvibin0 -> 4080 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/swguide.tex124
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/template.tex135
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/usrguide.dvibin0 -> 28500 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/usrguide.pdfbin0 -> 197756 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.dvibin0 -> 73768 bytes
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-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.sty173
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.tex1172
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/natbib.dtx4464
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/natbib.ins109
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/readme.txt33
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/svjour.cls1236
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/svtcfd.clo335
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-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/tcfdguide.tex251
-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/template.tex139
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293 files changed, 95132 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/README b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e8223c04d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/README
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+This LaTeX class provides a template for books to be published at Springer Gabler Research, Springer Vieweg Research, Springer Spektrum Research, Springer VS Research or Springer VS Forschung. It can be used to produce monographs in different formats and "several-authors-books" fitting the conditions of the aforementioned publishers.
+
+You find the class documentation in file sr-vorl.pdf. The source code can be found in sr-vorl.dtx and sr-vorl.ins. By compiling sr-vorl.dtx with pdflatex, you get the documentation, while compiling sr-vorl.ins gives you the cls-file and the template files frontmatter_sr-vorl.tex, mainmatter_sr-vorl.tex, backmatter_sr-vorl.tex and hauptdatei_sr-vorl.tex.
+
+All of this ma­te­rial is sub­ject to the LaTeX Project Public Li­cense.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/sr-vorl.dtx b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/sr-vorl.dtx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c1520cceda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/sr-vorl.dtx
@@ -0,0 +1,1397 @@
+% \iffalse meta-comment
+%
+% Copyright 2013-2016 by Jonas L. Dabelow
+%
+% Dieses Werk darf nach den Bedingungen der LaTeX Project Public License,
+% entweder Version 1.3c oder (nach Ihrer Wahl) jeder spaeteren Version,
+% verteilt und/oder veraendert werden.
+% Die neueste Version dieser Lizenz ist:
+%
+% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+%
+% Dieses Werk hat den LPPL-Betreuungs-Status "author-maintained" (vom Autor betreut).
+%
+% Dieses Werk besteht aus den Dateien sr-vorl.dtx and sr-vorl.ins
+% and the derived files sr-vorl.cls, frontmatter_sr-vorl.tex,
+% mainmatter_sr-vorl.tex, backmatter_sr-vorl.tex und hauptdatei_sr-vorl.tex.
+%
+%
+%
+% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
+% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c
+% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
+% The latest version of this license is in:
+%
+% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+%
+% This work has the LPPL maintenance status "author-maintained".
+%
+% This work consists of the files sr-vorl.dtx and sr-vorl.ins
+% and the derived files sr-vorl.cls, frontmatter_sr-vorl.tex,
+% mainmatter_sr-vorl.tex, backmatter_sr-vorl.tex and hauptdatei_sr-vorl.tex.
+%
+%
+%<*driver>
+ \ProvidesFile{sr-vorl.dtx}
+%</driver>
+%<class>\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+%<class>\ProvidesClass{sr-vorl}
+%<*class>
+ [2016/01/30 v1.1 Vorlage fuer Autoren bei Springer Research]
+%</class>
+%
+%<*driver>
+%
+\documentclass[a4paper]{ltxdoc}
+\usepackage{lmodern}
+\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage[british,ngerman]{babel}
+\usepackage{etoolbox}
+\newtoggle{auxdatei}
+\IfFileExists{\jobname.aux}% Abfrage zur Vermeidung von biber-Fehlern beim ersten Durchlauf
+ {\global\toggletrue{auxdatei}}
+ {\global\togglefalse{auxdatei}}
+\iftoggle{auxdatei}
+ {\usepackage[sortcites=true,maxnames=5,backref=true,backend=biber,maxnames=10]{biblatex}}
+ {}
+\usepackage{ragged2e}
+\usepackage[german=quotes,autostyle=true]{csquotes}
+\usepackage{microtype}
+\usepackage{filecontents}
+\usepackage{scrextend}
+\usepackage{doc}
+\usepackage{hyperref}
+\usepackage[german]{cleveref}
+
+
+\hypersetup{%
+ colorlinks=true,
+ bookmarksnumbered=true,
+ bookmarksopen=true,
+ pdftoolbar=true,
+ pdfmenubar=true,
+ pdffitwindow=true,
+ pdfdisplaydoctitle=true,
+ pdflang=ngerman,
+ pdfcenterwindow=true,
+ pdfpagelayout=SinglePage,
+ pdftitle={Vorlage für Springer Research und Springer VS - Dokumentation},
+ pdfsubject={Vorlage für Springer Research und Springer VS},
+ pdfkeywords={LaTeX, Springer Research, Springer VS, Vorlage, Template, Klasse},
+ pdfauthor={Jonas L. Dabelow},
+ pdfcreator={TeXMaker mit TeXLive},
+ linkcolor=blue,
+ urlcolor=red,
+}
+
+
+\newcommand{\env}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% Umgebungsname im Fließtext (ohne Verlinkung)
+\newcommand{\fmacro}[1]{\texttt{\textbackslash{}#1}}% Makro im Fliesstext (ohne Verlinkung)
+\newcommand{\farg}[1]{\ensuremath{\langle}\textit{#1}\ensuremath{\rangle}}% freies Argument (ohne Klammern)
+\newcommand{\sarg}[1]{\texttt{\{#1\}}}% spezielles Argument in geschweiften Klammern (kein Meta-Argument!)
+\newcommand{\soarg}[1]{\texttt{[#1]}}% spezielles optionales Argument in geschweiften Klammern (kein Meta-Argument!)
+\newcommand{\macropar}{\par\medskip}% Absatz nach jedem Makro
+\newcommand{\descriptionpar}{\par\smallskip}% Absatz nach \macrodescription
+\newcommand{\datei}[1]{\textit{#1}}% setzt einen Dateinamen
+\newcommand{\option}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% setzt einen Optionsnamen
+\newcommand{\programm}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% setzt einen Programmnamen (z. B. pdflatex)
+
+
+
+
+\newcommand{\envdescription}[2][]{% Beschreibung einer Umgebung (mit automatischer Verlinkung)
+ \DescribeMacro{#2-\textrm{Umgebung}}%
+ \ifblank{#1}%
+ {\hypertarget{env:#2}{}}%
+ {\hypertarget{env:#1}{}}%
+}
+
+
+\newcommand{\macrodescription}[2][]{% Beschreibung eines Makros (mit automatischer Verlinkung)
+ {%
+ \def\PrintDescribeMacro#1{\strut \MacroFont \textbackslash#1}%
+ \DescribeMacro{#2}%
+ \ifblank{#1}%
+ {\hypertarget{macro:#2}{}}%
+ {\hypertarget{macro:#1}{}}%
+ }%
+}
+
+\newcommand{\optdescription}[2][]{% Beschreibung einer Option (mit automatischer Verlinkung)
+ \DescribeMacro{#2}%
+ \ifblank{#1}%
+ {\hypertarget{option:#2}{}}%
+ {\hypertarget{option:#1}{}}%
+}
+
+\newcommand{\macroref}[2][]{% Referenzierung auf ein Makro
+ \ifblank{#1}%
+ {\hyperlink{macro:#2}{\fmacro{#2}}}%
+ {\hyperlink{macro:#2}{#1}}%
+}
+
+\newcommand{\envref}[2][]{% Referenzierung auf eine Umgebung
+ \ifblank{#1}%
+ {\hyperlink{env:#2}{\env{#2}}}%
+ {\hyperlink{env:#2}{#1}}%
+}
+
+\newcommand{\optref}[2][]{% Referenzierung auf eine Umgebung
+ \ifblank{#1}%
+ {\hyperlink{option:#2}{\env{#2}}}%
+ {\hyperlink{option:#2}{#1}}%
+}
+
+\newcommand{\counter}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% Beschreibung eines Counters
+
+\newcommand{\paket}[2][]{% Paketnamen setzen (opt. Arg. kann Link auf Doku enthalten)
+ \ifblank{#1}%
+ {\texttt{#2}}%
+ {\href{#1}{\texttt{#2}}}%
+}
+
+% #1: Versionsnummer
+% #2: was wurde geaendert?
+% #3: Kommentar
+\newcommand{\aenderung}[3]{% Aenderung fuer Liste der Aenderungen
+ \item[#2~(Version #1)]~\\
+ #3%
+}
+
+\setlength{\parindent}{1em}
+
+\iftoggle{auxdatei}
+ {%
+ \defbibnote{literatur}{%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Literatur}%
+ Die meisten Einträge in diesem Literaturverzeichnis verweisen auf \LaTeX-Pakete.
+ Bitte beachten Sie, dass je nach Version der Pakete das Verhalten auf Ihrem Rechner von dem in den Dokumentationen beschriebenen leicht abweichen kann oder in der Dokumentation beschriebene Befehle auf Ihrem System (noch) nicht verfügbar sein können.\par
+ Soweit möglich sind für englische Text hier die deutschen Übersetzungen aufgeführt.
+ In einigen Fällen kann es passieren, dass die Übersetzung nicht die aktuellste Version wiedergibt.
+ }
+ }
+ {}
+
+\begin{filecontents}{sr-vorl.bib}
+ @Book{latex-begleiter,
+ author = {F. Mittelbach and M. Goossens and J. Braams and D. Carlisle and C. Rowley},
+ title = {Der \LaTeX Begleiter},
+ publisher = {Pearson Studium},
+ address = {München},
+ edition = {2.~Auf"|lage},
+ year = {2005},
+ }
+
+ @online{l2tabu,
+ author = {M. Ensenbach and M. Trettin},
+ title = {Das \LaTeX2$_\varepsilon$-Sündenregister},
+ year = {2011},
+ url = {http://ftp.fernuni-hagen.de/ftp-dir/pub/mirrors/www.ctan.org/info/l2tabu/german/l2tabu.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{l2kurz,
+ author = {M. Daniel and P. Gundlach and W. Schmidt and J. Knappen and H. Partl and I. Hyna},
+ title = {\LaTeX2$_\varepsilon$-Kurzbeschreibung},
+ year = {2013},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.rrzn.uni-hannover.de/pub/mirror/tex-archive/info/lshort/german/l2kurz.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @Book{koma,
+ author = {M. Kohm},
+ title = {\textsf{KOMA}-Script},
+ publisher = {Lehmanns Media},
+ year = {2014},
+ edition = {5.~Auf"|lage},
+ address = {Berlin},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/tex/macros/latex/contrib/koma-script/doc/scrguide.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{ctan,
+ author = {},
+ title = {Comprehensive \TeX\ Archive Network},
+ year = {1993},
+ url = {http://www.ctan.org/},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{caption,
+ author = {A. Sommerfeldt},
+ title = {Anpassen der Abbildungs- und Tabellenbeschriftungen},
+ year = {2011},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.fu-berlin.de/tex/CTAN/macros/latex/contrib/caption/caption-deu.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{geometry,
+ author = {H. Umeki},
+ translator = {H.-M. Haase},
+ title = {Das \paket{geometry} Paket},
+ year = {2010},
+ url = {http://ftp.fernuni-hagen.de/ftp-dir/pub/mirrors/www.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/geometry-de/geometry-de.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{enumitem,
+ author = {J. Bezos},
+ translator = {M. Ludwig and C. Römer},
+ title = {Anpassen von Listen mit dem Paket \paket{enumitem}},
+ year = {2011},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/tex/mirror/ftp.dante.de/pub/tex/info/translations/enumitem/de/enumitem-de.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{amsldoc,
+ author = {American Mathematical Society},
+ title = {User's Guide for the \paket{amsmath} Package},
+ year = {2002},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/tex/mirror/ftp.dante.de/pub/tex/macros/latex/required/amslatex/math/amsldoc.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{wikibooks-floats,
+ author = {Wikibooks},
+ title = {\LaTeX/Floats, Figures and Captions},
+ url = {http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Floats,_Figures_and_Captions},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{float,
+ author = {A. Lingnau},
+ title = {An Improved Environment for Floats},
+ year = {2001},
+ url = {http://ftp.fau.de/ctan/macros/latex/contrib/float/float.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @Book{texbook,
+ author = {D. E. Knuth},
+ title = {The \TeX book},
+ publisher = {American Mathematical Society},
+ year = {1989},
+ edition = {9.~Auf"|lage},
+ }
+
+ @online{rotating,
+ author = {R. Fairbairns and S. Rahtz and L. Barroca},
+ title = {A package for rotated objects in \LaTeX},
+ year = {2010},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.rrzn.uni-hannover.de/pub/mirror/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/rotating/rotating.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @Book{voss-mathe,
+ author = {H. Voß},
+ title = {Mathematiksatz mit \LaTeX},
+ publisher = {Lehmanns Media},
+ year = {2009},
+ address = {Berlin},
+ edition = {1.~Auf"|lage},
+ }
+
+ @online{voss-mathe-online,
+ author = {H. Voß},
+ title = {Math Mode},
+ year = {2014},
+ url = {http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/ftp/pub/mirror/ctan/info/math/voss/mathmode/Mathmode.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{microtype,
+ author = {R. Schlicht},
+ title = {Das \paket{microtype} Paket},
+ url = {http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/ctan/info/translations/microtype/de/microtype-DE.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{babel,
+ author = {J. Braams and J. Bezos},
+ title = {Babel},
+ year = {2016},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.fu-berlin.de/tex/CTAN/macros/latex/required/babel/base/babel.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{onlyamsmath,
+ author = {H. Harders},
+ title = {The \paket{onlyamsmath} package},
+ year = {2012},
+ url = {http://ftp.fau.de/ctan/macros/latex/contrib/onlyamsmath/onlyamsmath.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{wikibooks-silbentrennung,
+ author = {Wikibooks},
+ title = {\LaTeX-Wörterbuch: Silbentrennung},
+ url = {http://de.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX-Wörterbuch:_Silbentrennung},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{wikibooks-latex,
+ author = {Wikibooks},
+ title = {\LaTeX},
+ url = {http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{booktabs,
+ author = {S. Fear},
+ translator = {T. Manderla and C. Römer},
+ title = {Anfertigen von hochwertigen Tabellen mit \LaTeX},
+ year = {2011},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.rrzn.uni-hannover.de/pub/mirror/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/booktabs-de/booktabs-de.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{csquotes,
+ author = {P. Lehman},
+ translator = {T. Conrad and P. Faßbender and C. Römer},
+ title = {Das \paket{csquotes}-Paket},
+ year = {2011},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.rrzn.uni-hannover.de/pub/mirror/tex-archive/info/translations/csquotes/de/csquotes-DE.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{cleveref,
+ author = {T. Cubitt},
+ title = {The \paket{cleveref} package},
+ year = {2013},
+ url = {http://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/ctan/macros/latex/contrib/cleveref/cleveref.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{varioref,
+ author = {F. Mittelbach},
+ title = {The \paket{varioref} package},
+ year = {2015},
+ url = {http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/ftp/pub/mirror/ctan/macros/latex/required/tools/varioref.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{siunitx,
+ author = {J. Wright},
+ title = {\paket{siunitx} --~A comprehensive (SI) units package},
+ year = {2016},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.rrzn.uni-hannover.de/pub/mirror/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/siunitx/siunitx.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{etoolbox,
+ author = {P. Lehman},
+ translator = {T. Enderling},
+ title = {Das Paket \paket{etoolbox}},
+ year = {2011},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.fu-berlin.de/tex/CTAN/info/translations/etoolbox/de/etoolbox-DE.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{ragged2e,
+ author = {M. Schröder},
+ title = {The \paket{ragged2e}-package},
+ year = {2009},
+ url = {http://ftp.fernuni-hagen.de/ftp-dir/pub/mirrors/www.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/ms/ragged2e.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{juergens1,
+ author = {M. Jürgens},
+ title = {\LaTeX\ --~eine Einführung und ein bisschen mehr\dots},
+ year = {2000},
+ url = {http://www.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/fachbereich/vwl/iso/links/latex_einfuehrung_manuela_juergens.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{juergens2,
+ author = {M. Jürgens},
+ title = {\LaTeX\ --~Fortgeschrittene Anwendungen},
+ year = {1995},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.fernuni-hagen.de/pub/pdf/urz-broschueren/broschueren/a0279510.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{buxbaum-presentation,
+ author = {E. Buxbaum},
+ title = {The \LaTeX\ document preparation system},
+ year = {2008},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.rrzn.uni-hannover.de/pub/mirror/tex-archive/info/latex-course/LaTeX-Course.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{simplified-introduction,
+ author = {H. J. Greenberg},
+ title = {A Simplified Introduction to \LaTeX},
+ year = {2010},
+ url = {http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/ftp/pub/mirror/ctan/info/simplified-latex/simplified-intro.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{beginners-introduction,
+ author = {P. Flynn},
+ title = {A beginner's introduction to typesetting with \LaTeX},
+ year = {2005},
+ url = {http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/ftp/pub/mirror/ctan/info/beginlatex/beginlatex-3.6.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @Book{more-math,
+ author = {G. Grätzer},
+ title = {More Math Into \LaTeX},
+ publisher = {Springer},
+ year = {2007},
+ address = {New York},
+ edition = {4.~Auf"|lage},
+ url = {http://ctan.space-pro.be/tex-archive/info/Math_into_LaTeX-4/Short_Course.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{xkeyval,
+ author = {H. Adriaens},
+ title = {The \paket{xkeyval} package},
+ year = {2014},
+ url = {http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/ctan/macros/latex/contrib/xkeyval/xkeyval.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{xstring,
+ author = {C. Tellechea},
+ title = {\paket{xstring}},
+ year = {2013},
+ url = {http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/ftp/pub/mirror/ctan/macros/generic/xstring/xstring_doc_en.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{varwidth,
+ author = {D. Arseneau},
+ title = {The \paket{varwidth} package},
+ year = {2011},
+ url = {ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/tex/mirror/ftp.dante.de/pub/tex/macros/latex/contrib/varwidth/varwidth-doc.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+
+ @online{chngcntr,
+ author = {P. Wilson},
+ title = {The \paket{chngcntr} package},
+ year = {2009},
+ url = {http://ctan.space-pro.be/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/chngcntr/chngcntr.pdf},
+ urldate = {2016-01-30},
+ }
+\end{filecontents}
+
+\iftoggle{auxdatei}
+ {\addbibresource{sr-vorl.bib}}
+ {}
+
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+
+\DisableCrossrefs
+%\CodelineIndex
+\RecordChanges
+\OnlyDescription
+\begin{document}
+
+
+\title{sr-vorl.cls\\[1ex]\normalsize Eine \LaTeX-Klasse für Bücher bei Springer Research (Springer Gabler Research, Springer Vieweg Research, Springer Spektrum Research) und Springer VS (Springer VS Research, Springer VS Forschung)
+}
+\author{Copyright 2013--2016 by Jonas~L.~Dabelow\footnote{\href{mailto:J.L.Dabelow@gmx.net}{\texttt{J.L.Dabelow@gmx.net}}}}
+\date{Version~1.1 (31.\,Januar~2016)}
+\maketitle
+
+
+\pdfbookmark[1]{Inhaltsverzeichnis}{tableofcontents}
+\tableofcontents
+\newpage
+\DocInput{sr-vorl.dtx}
+
+\end{document}
+
+%</driver>
+%\fi
+%
+%
+%\GetFileInfo{sr-vorl.dtx}
+%
+%
+% \section{Einleitung}
+% Diese \LaTeX-Klasse wurde erstellt, um Bücher zu setzen, die bei Springer Research (\textbf{Springer Gabler Research}, \textbf{Springer Vieweg Research}, \textbf{Springer Spektrum Research}) oder Springer~VS (\textbf{Springer VS Research}, \textbf{Springer VS Forschung}) veröffentlicht werden sollen (Beachte hierzu auch die Klassenoption \optref{format}!).
+% Mit dieser Klasse werden viele Gestaltungsvorgaben des Verlags bereits umgesetzt.
+% Der Autor der Klasse gibt jedoch keine Garantie, dass damit alle Vorgaben bereits umgesetzt sind.
+% Dies ist in einigen Fällen auch nicht möglich, da die Autoren eines Buches einige Dinge \enquote{von Hand} umsetzen müssen, da \LaTeX\ hierfür keine vollständige Automatisierung ermöglicht (z.\,B. Silbentrennung, Platzierung von Gleitobjekten\dots).
+% In den meisten Fällen ist der Autor dieser Klasse jedoch bemüht, hilfreiche Hinweise zu geben, wie eine solche händische Umsetzung sinnvoll erfolgen kann (siehe \cref{sec:hinweise}).\par
+% In dieser Dokumenation werden zunächst in \cref{sec:befehle} die Befehle und Umgebungen vorgestellt, die diese Klasse bereitstellt.
+% In \cref{sec:optionen} werden die Einstellungen gezeigt, die mit Hilfe von Klassenoptionen vorgenommen werden können.
+% Weiterführende Hinweise zur Umsetzung der Gestaltungsvorgaben werden in \cref{sec:hinweise} gegeben.
+% Weiterführende Informationen zu dieser Dokumentenklasse sowie weitere Tipps und Hinweise finden sich in \cref{sec:weiterfuehrendes}.
+% In \cref{sec:lizenz} finden Sie zudem die Lizenz, unter der diese Dokumentation, die zugehörige Klasse und alle weiteren dazu gehörenden Dateien stehen.\par
+% Dieses Dokument ist keine Einführung in \LaTeX!
+% Es werden grundlegende \LaTeX-Kenntnisse vorausgesetzt (siehe auch \cref{sec:literaturtipps}).\par
+% Da diese \LaTeX-Klasse noch in der Entwicklung ist, freut sich der Autor grundsätzlich über Hinweise, Fehlerreports und Feature-Anfragen (unabhängig davon, ob er sie umsetzt oder nicht).
+%
+%
+% \subsection{Nutzung der Klasse}
+% Sie können diese Klasse wie jede andere \LaTeX-Klasse auch nutzen.
+% Binden Sie sie einfach mit dem Befehl \fmacro{documentclass}\oarg{Optionen}\sarg{sr-vorl} ein.
+% Dazu muss die Datei \datei{sr-vorl.cls} in einem Ordner liegen, der von \LaTeX\ durchsucht wird (z.\,B. der Ordner, in dem sich Ihre Hauptdatei befindet).\par
+% Sie können zusätzlich entweder die bereitgestellten Dateien \datei{hauptdatei\_sr-vorl.tex}, \datei{frontmatter\_sr-vorl.tex} (für den Vorspann), \datei{mainmatter\_sr-vorl.tex} (für den Inhalt) und \datei{backmatter\_sr-vorl.tex} (für den Anhang) verwenden oder die Klasse in Verbindung mit Ihren eigenen Dateien nutzen.
+% In diesem Fall sollten Sie zur Gliederung des Dokuments auch die \textsf{KOMA}-Script-Befehle \fmacro{frontmatter}, \fmacro{mainmatter} und \fmacro{backmatter} für Vorspann, Hauptteil und Nachspann Ihres Dokuments verwenden \cite{koma}, da diese Befehle wichtige Funktionen erfüllen (z.\,B. Umschalten der Seitennummerierung).\par
+% Sollten Sie keine der genannten Dateien haben, sondern lediglich die Dateien \datei{sr-vorl.dtx} und \datei{sr-vorl.ins}, ist dies kein Problem.
+% Sie müssen lediglich die Datei \datei{sr-vorl.ins} mit \programm{tex}, \programm{latex} oder \programm{pdflatex} kompilieren, um die erwähnten Dateien zu erzeugen (siehe \cref{sec:erzeugung}).\par
+% Diese Klasse wurde für den Einsatz mit \programm{pdflatex} optimiert.
+% Sie ist prinzipiell auch mit \programm{latex} nutzbar (beachte dazu auch \cref{sec:querformat}), der Autor empfiehlt aber dringend den Einsatz von \programm{pdflatex}.
+% Die Nutzung mit anderen Treibern wie \programm{xetex}, \programm{luatex} oder \programm{context} ist nicht getestet!
+%
+% \subsection{Erzeugung der Klassendatei und Hilfsdateien sowie der Dokumentation (falls notwendig)}
+% \label{sec:erzeugung}
+% Die vorliegende Klasse inklusive aller zugehörigen Dateien kann --~wie üblicherweise jede \LaTeX-Klasse~-- aus einer \datei{.dtx}- und einer \datei{.ins}-Datei erzeugt werden.\par
+% Sofern Sie keinen Zugriff auf die Klassendatei \datei{sr-vorl.cls}, aber auf die Dateien \datei{sr-vorl.dtx} und \datei{sr-vorl.ins} haben, können Sie die Klassendatei erzeugen, indem Sie \datei{sr-vorl.ins} mit \programm{tex}, \programm{latex} oder \programm{pdflatex} kompilieren:\\
+% \texttt{tex sr-vorl.ins}\\
+% oder\\
+% \texttt{latex sr-vorl.ins}\\
+% oder\\
+% \texttt{pdflatex sr-vorl.ins}\\
+% Durch einen (beliebigen) dieser Aufrufe werden die Dateien \datei{sr-vorl.cls}, \datei{frontmatter\_sr-vorl.tex}, \datei{mainmatter\_sr-vorl.tex}, \datei{backmatter\_sr-vorl.tex} und \datei{hauptdatei\_sr-vorl.tex} erzeugt.\par
+% Um diese Dokumentation zu erzeugen, müssen Sie die Datei \datei{sr-vorl.dtx} mit \programm{pdflatex} kompilieren: \texttt{pdflatex sr-vorl.dtx}\\
+% Für die vollständige Dokumentation benötigen Sie auch \programm{biber}.
+% Es ergibt sich zur Erzeugung der vollständigen Dokumentation der folgende Ablauf:\\
+% \texttt{pdflatex sr-vorl.dtx}\\
+% \texttt{pdflatex sr-vorl.dtx}\\
+% \texttt{biber sr-vorl.bcf}\\
+% \texttt{pdflatex sr-vorl.dtx}\\
+% \texttt{pdflatex sr-vorl.dtx}\par
+% Um \datei{sr-vorl.dtx} kompilieren zu können, müssen die Klasse \paket{ltxdoc} sowie die folgenden Pakete auf Ihrem System verfügbar sein: \paket{lmodern}, \paket{fontenc}, \paket{inputenc}, \paket{babel}, \paket{etoolbox}, \paket{biblatex}, \paket{ragged2e}, \paket{csquotes}, \paket{microtype}, \paket{filecontents}, \paket{scrextend}, \paket{doc}, \paket{hyperref}, \paket{cleveref}.
+%
+% \section{Befehle und Umgebungen}
+% \label{sec:befehle}
+% Diese Klasse basiert auf der Klasse \paket{scrbook} aus dem \textsf{KOMA}-Script-Bündel \cite{koma}.
+% Alle Befehle und Umgebungen, die von \textsf{KOMA}-Script bereit gestellt werden, können hier genutzt werden.\par
+% Zusätzlich sind einige hilfreiche Befehle und Umgebungen in dieser Klasse implementiert worden.\par\bigskip
+%
+% \subsection{Der Vorspann}
+% \label{sec:vorspann}
+% \noindent\envdescription{widmung}\texttt{\fmacro{begin}\{widmung\}}\oarg{Ãœberschrift}\texttt{\dots}\descriptionpar
+% In dieser Umgebung wird die Widmung gesetzt.
+% Sie wird rechtsbündig, in kursiver Schrift auf eine rechte Seite gesetzt.
+% Vertikal ist sie so ausgerichtet, dass das Verhältnis von oberem und unterem Abstand den Goldenen Schnitt bildet.\par
+% Als optionales Argument kann eine Überschrift angegeben werden (die ebenfalls rechtsbündig gesetzt wird).
+% Wir kein optionales Argument angegeben, so erhält die Widmung keine Überschrift.\macropar
+%
+% \pagebreak
+% \macrodescription{geleitwort}%
+% Dieser Befehl setzt lediglich die Ãœberschrift \enquote{Geleitwort}.
+% Die Sprache der Überschrift wird anhand der gewählten Klassenoption ausgewählt (siehe \cref{sec:optionen}).
+% Die Überschrift kann verändert werden, indem der Befehl \fmacro{GeleitwortTitel} umdefiniert wird.
+% Dies muss nach der Präambel gemacht werden.\macropar
+%
+% \noindent\macrodescription{verfasser}\oarg{Ortbreite, Namebreite}\marg{Ort}\marg{Name}\descriptionpar
+% Mit diesem Befehl wird am Ende des Geleitwortes der Verfasser desselben sowie der Ort, an dem es geschrieben wurde, gesetzt.
+% Der Befehl steht direkt hinter dem Geleitwort, ein vertikaler Abstand wird automatisch eingefügt.
+% Der Ort wird linksbündig nach links gesetzt, der Verfasser rechtsbündig nach rechts.\par
+% Dabei ist die Breite des Ortes standardmäßig bis zu 40\,\% der Zeilenbreite, die des Verfassers bis zu 50\,\% der Zeilenbreite.
+% Dies kann mit Hilfe des optionalen Arguments geändert werden.
+% Hier müssen beide Längen durch ein Komma getrennt angegeben werden.
+% Es empfiehlt sich --~wie in vielen Fällen in \LaTeX~--, die Längen relativ zur Zeilenlänge zu wählen.
+% (Die Standardeinstellung wird z.\,B. durch \verb+[0.4\linewidth,0.5\linewidth]+ realisiert.)\par
+% Übersteigen die Längen in der Summe die Zeilenbreite, so erscheint eine Warnung.\macropar
+%
+% \macrodescription{vorwort}%
+% Dieser Befehl setzt lediglich die Ãœberschrift \enquote{Vorwort}.
+% Die Sprache der Überschrift wird anhand der gewählten Klassenoption ausgewählt (siehe \cref{sec:optionen}).
+% Die Überschrift kann verändert werden, indem der Befehl \fmacro{VorwortTitel} umdefiniert wird.
+% Dies muss nach der Präambel gemacht werden.\macropar
+%
+% \subsection{Der Hauptteil}
+% \label{sec:hauptteil}
+% \noindent\macrodescription{kapitel}\oarg{Titel im Inhaltsverzeichnis}\marg{Titel}\marg{Autor(en)}\descriptionpar
+% Dieser Befehl ist für die Verwendung in Mehrautorenbüchern (siehe Klassenoption \optref{format}).
+% Er ist dort statt des Standard-\LaTeX-Befehls \fmacro{chapter} zu nutzen!
+% Die ersten beiden Argumente funktionieren wie die von \fmacro{chapter}.
+% Im dritten Argument wird der Autor bzw. die Autoren des Kapitels angegeben.
+% Es erscheint unterhalb der Kapitelüberschrift.\macropar
+%
+% \section{Klassenoptionen}
+% \label{sec:optionen}
+% Die vorliegende \LaTeX-Klasse ist für deutsch- und englischsprachige Dokumente entwickelt worden.
+% Damit die Klasse nutzbar ist, ist es empfohlen --~wenn auch nicht zwingend notwendig~--, eine der Sprachen als Option anzugeben.\par\bigskip
+%
+% \optdescription{deutsch}
+% Diese Option nimmt alle Sprachvoreinstellungen für ein deutsches Dokument mit neuer Rechtschreibung vor.
+% Mit Hilfe des \paket{babel}-Pakets wird \option{ngerman} als Sprache eingestellt \cite{babel}.\descriptionpar
+%
+% \optdescription{deutsch-ar}
+% Diese Option nimmt alle Sprachvoreinstellungen für ein deutsches Dokument mit alter Rechtschreibung vor.
+% Mit Hilfe des \paket{babel}-Pakets wird \option{german} als Sprache eingestellt \cite{babel}.\descriptionpar
+%
+% \optdescription{englisch}
+% Diese Option nimmt alle Sprachvoreinstellungen für ein englisches Dokument vor.
+% Mit Hilfe des \paket{babel}-Pakets wird \option{british} als Sprache eingestellt \cite{babel}.\descriptionpar
+%
+% \optdescription[format]{format=\farg{Buchart}}
+% Mit der vorliegenden Klasse können sowohl Monografien in verschiedenen Formaten als auch Mehrautorenbücher gesetzt werden.
+% Damit alle Formatierungen entsprechend angepasst werden, muss die Art des Buches mit Hilfe der \option{format}-Option angegeben werden.\par
+% Folgende Angaben sind möglich: \option{a5-monografie}, \option{handbuch-monografie} und \option{a5-mehrautorenbuch} für Bücher bei \textbf{Springer Gabler Research}, \textbf{Springer Vieweg Research} und \textbf{Springer Spektrum Research} sowie \option{vs} für Bücher bei \textbf{Springer VS Research} und \textbf{Springer VS Forschung}.\par
+% Für die Einstellung \option{a5-mehrautorenbuch} wird zusätzlich der Befehl \fmacro{kapitel} bereitgestellt (siehe \cref{sec:vorspann}).\par
+% Wird kein Format angegeben, so wird automatisch \option{a5-monografie} eingestellt.\descriptionpar
+%
+% \optdescription{no-shorthands}
+% Wird die Klasse mit der Option \optref{englisch} geladen, so werden automatisch deutsche \enquote{shorthands} aktiviert.
+% Dies sind z.\,B. die in \cref{sec:zeilenumbrueche} beschriebenen Kurzbefehle, die mit dem Zeichen \texttt{"} (ASCII-Strichelchen) beginnen.
+% Für die händische Silbentrennung ist dies praktisch, wie in \cref{sec:zeilenumbrueche} beschrieben wird.
+% Es kann allerdings in Einzelfällen zu Fehlern führen.
+% Mit dieser Option lassen sich diese shorthands vollständig ausschalten.\par
+% Möchte man die shorthands nur temporär ausschalten, so kann man den Befehl \fmacro{shorthandoff}\sarg{"} aus dem \paket{babel}-Paket nutzen \cite{babel}.
+% Mit \fmacro{shorthandon}\sarg{"} werden sie wieder aktiviert.\descriptionpar
+%
+% \optdescription{no-microtype}
+% Die Klasse bindet automatisch das Paket \paket{microtype} ein, um die Mikrotypographie des Dokuments zu verbessern (siehe \cref{sec:umbrueche}) \cite{microtype}.
+% Diese Option verhindert das Einbinden.\descriptionpar
+%
+% \optdescription{non-ams}
+% Die Klasse bindet automatisch das Paket \paket{onlyamsmath} ein, das einen Fehler ausgibt, sobald eine Matheumgebung genutzt wird, die nicht von \paket{amsmath} stammt \cite{onlyamsmath}.
+% Warum das sinnvoll ist, wird in \cref{sec:mathesatz} erklärt.
+% Sollten Sie dennoch solche Matheumgebungen nutzen wollen, so können Sie die Fehler mit dieser Option verhindern.\descriptionpar
+%
+% \optdescription{test}
+% Diese Option ist dazu da, den Satz eines Dokuments zu überprüfen.
+% Sie schaltet einen Rahmen um den Satzspiegel ein, so dass Abweichungen davon leichter überprüft werden können.
+% Zudem werden \emph{overfull boxes} (z.\,B. überlange Zeilen) \cite{texbook,latex-begleiter} durch schwarze Kästchen markiert.\descriptionpar
+%
+% \optdescription{schriftgroesse=\farg{Wert}}
+% Mit dieser Option kann die (Standard-)Schriftgröße Ihres Dokuments eingestellt werden.
+% Die Angabe \farg{Wert} gibt die Schriftgröße in pt an.
+% Diese sollte nicht kleiner als 10\,pt sein, voreingestellt sind 11\,pt.\descriptionpar
+%
+% \section{Gestaltungshinweise}
+% \label{sec:hinweise}
+% In diesem Kapitel werden Hinweise zu einigen Themen gegeben, die zwar für die Gestaltung eines Buches bei Springer Research wichtig sind, jedoch nicht automatisiert in dieser Klasse implementiert werden konnten und einige Arbeit durch den Nutzer der Klasse erfordern.
+% Dieses Kapitel soll Ihnen die Arbeit erleichtern.
+%
+% \subsection{Abbildungen und Tabellen}
+% \label{sec:gleitobjekte}
+% Abbildungen und Tabellen werden in \LaTeX\ meist als sogenannte \emph{Gleitobjekte} gesetzt.
+% Das bedeutet, dass diese Objekte nicht an einer festen Stelle im Text gesetzt werden, sondern \emph{gleiten} können und dort gesetzt werden, wo es für den Satz am sinnvollsten ist.\par
+% \subsubsection{Platzierung von Gleitobjekten}
+% \label{sec:platzierung}
+% Gleitobjekte für Abbildungen werden in der Regel durch die \env{figure}-Umgebung erzeugt, solche für Tabellen durch die \env{table}-Umgebung.
+% Die Platzierung der Gleitobjekte lässt sich mit Hilfe des optionalen Arguments dieser Umgebungen beeinflussen.
+% Dafür gibt es folgende Möglichkeiten:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\texttt{h}]
+% \LaTeX\ soll versuchen, das Gleitobjekt \textbf{h}ier zu platzieren
+% \item[\texttt{t}]
+% \LaTeX\ soll versuchen, das Gleitobjekt oben auf einer Seite zu platzieren (\textbf{t}op)
+% \item[\texttt{b}]
+% \LaTeX\ soll versuchen, das Gleitobjekt unten auf einer Seite zu platzieren (\textbf{b}ottom)
+% \item[\texttt{p}]
+% \LaTeX\ soll das Gleitobjekt auf einer eigenen Seite (\textbf{p}age) --~die keinerlei Fließtext, sondern nur (eines oder mehrere) Gleitobjekte enthält~-- platzieren
+% \end{description}
+% Die Reihenfolge der angegebenen Parameter ist unerheblich, sie werden immer in der hier aufgeführten Reihenfolge abgearbeitet:\\
+% \fmacro{begin}\sarg{figure}\soarg{ht} ist das gleiche wie \fmacro{begin}\sarg{figure}\soarg{th}.\par
+% Dabei beachtet \LaTeX\ einige voreingestellte Bedingungen (z.\,B. wie viel Prozent einer Seite mit Gleitobjekten gefüllt sein dürfen).
+% Um diese Bedingungen temporär abzuschalten, kann zusätzlich zu den oben aufgeführten Parametern ein \enquote{\texttt{!}} genutzt werden (z.\,B. \mbox{\fmacro{begin}\sarg{figure}\soarg{ht!}})\cite{latex-begleiter,l2kurz,wikibooks-floats}.\par
+% Da Gleitobjekte gleichen Typs nicht aneinander vorbei gleiten können (Gleitobjekte verschiedenen Typs aber sehr wohl!), d.\,h. die Reihenfolge der \env{table}-Umgebungen und die Reihenfolge der \env{figure}-Umgebungen bleiben erhalten, kann es manchmal sinnvoll sein, den Parameter \enquote{\texttt{p}} zu nutzen, da sonst ein großes Gleitobjekt die anderen aufhalten kann, so dass viele Gleitobjekte auf"|laufen, die dann alle erst am Ende des Kapitels gesetzt werden.\par
+% Grundsätzlich sollten Abbildungen und Tabellen möglichst oben auf einer Seite erscheinen (Vorgabe von Springer Research).\par
+% Manche Abbildungen oder Tabellen sollen auch nicht gleiten, sondern an einem festen Platz gesetzt werden.
+% Dafür gibt es mehrere Möglichkeiten: Zum einen gibt es keinen Zwang, Abbildungen und Tabellen in Gleitumgebungen zu stecken --~was nicht gleiten soll, sollte nicht gleitbar gemacht werden!
+% Zum anderen gibt es mit Hilfe des \paket{float}-Pakets die Möglichkeit, im optionalen Argument der Gleitumgebungen den Parameter \enquote{\texttt{H}} zu nutzen.
+% Dieser sorgt dafür, dass das Gleitobjekt definitiv an der Stelle gesetzt wird, an der es im Text auftaucht \cite{float}.
+%
+% \subsubsection{Ãœber- und Unterschriften}
+% \label{sec:beschriftung}
+% Abbildungen sind mit \textbf{Unter}schriften zu versehen, Tabellen mit \textbf{Ãœber}schriften.
+% Diese Klasse ist zwar so eingestellt, dass die vertikalen Abstände vor und nach den Beschriftungen passend sind, allerdings kann die Platzierung der Beschriftungen von \LaTeX\ nicht automatisch gesteuert werden!
+% Nutzen Sie den Befehl \fmacro{caption} oder \fmacro{caption*} und setzen Sie diesen entsprechend \textbf{nach} einer Abbildung und \textbf{vor} einer Tabelle.\par
+% Wenn Sie, wie in \cref{sec:platzierung} beschrieben, Tabellen oder Abbildungen außerhalb von Gleitumgebungen setzen, so verwenden Sie den Befehl \fmacro{captionof} bzw. \fmacro{captionof*} aus dem \paket{caption}-Paket, welches von der Klasse ohnehin geladen wird \cite{caption}.\par
+% Wenn Sie den von \LaTeX\ bereitgestellten \fmacro{label}-\fmacro{ref}-Mechanismus (siehe auch \cref{sec:paketempfehlungen}) verwenden, um auf Abbildungen und Tabellen zu verweisen, was zu empfehlen ist, so müssen Sie das Label immer \textbf{nach} dem entsprechenden \fmacro{caption}- bzw. \fmacro{captionof}-Befehl setzen.
+%
+% \subsubsection{Abbildungen und Tabellen im Querformat}
+% \label{sec:querformat}
+% Für Abbildungen und Tabellen im Querformat gibt es mit \LaTeX\ verschiedene Lösungen.
+% Der Autor dieser Klasse empfiehlt dafür, das Paket \paket{rotating} mit der Paketoption \option{figuresright} einzubinden und die von diesem Paket bereitgestellten Umgebungen \env{sidewaysfigure} und \env{sidewaystable} zu nutzen \cite{rotating}.\par
+% Sollten Sie für Ihr Dokument statt \programm{pdflatex} den Workflow \programm{latex} \mbox{$\rightarrow$ \programm{dvips}} \mbox{$\rightarrow$ \programm{ps2pdf}} nutzen (wovon der Autor dieses Dokuments dringend abrät), so beachten Sie, dass Sie \programm{ps2pdf} mit der Option \texttt{-dAutoRotatePages=/None} aufrufen, damit die Querformat-Seiten im pdf-Dokument nicht automatisch rotiert angezeigt werden.
+%
+% \subsection{Seiten- und Zeilenumbrüche}
+% \label{sec:umbrueche}
+% \LaTeX\ (bzw. \TeX) verwendet einen sehr ausgefeilten Algorithmus, um den Zeilen- und Seitenumbruch zu optimieren \cite{texbook}.
+% Allerdings muss auch beim besten Algorithmus manchmal an einigen Stellen von Hand nachgearbeitet werden.
+% Um die Arbeit dabei zu erleichtern, kann die Option \optref{test} genutzt werden.
+% Unabhängig davon, wie man die Umbrüche bearbeitet, sollte man dies als letzte Arbeit an einem Werk vornehmen, da sich durch andere Arbeiten, z.\,B. das Verschieben von Abbildungen, der Zeilen- und Seitenumbruch wieder verändern kann.\par
+% Diese Klasse nutzt das Paket \paket{microtype}, das einen Randausgleich vornimmt, der dafür sorgt, dass der rechte Rand einer Seite (im Blocksatz) weniger \enquote{flatterig} aussieht \cite{microtype}.
+% Dies geschieht, indem einige Zeichen (z.\,B. Bindestriche und Satzzeichen) minimal verschoben werden (was im Einzelfall kaum erkennbar ist, aber insgesamt einen beeindruckenden Effekt hat).
+% Sollte Ihnen dies nicht gefallen, so nutzen Sie die Klassenoption \optref{no-microtype}.
+%
+% \subsubsection{Zeilenumbrüche und Silbentrennung}
+% \label{sec:zeilenumbrueche}
+% Die einfachste Möglichkeit, auf Zeilenumbrüche Einfluss zu nehmen, ist es, falsche Silbentrennung zu verbessern.
+% Dafür gibt es in \LaTeX\ mehrere Möglichkeiten.\par
+% Kommt ein Wort, das von \LaTeX\ falsch getrennt wird, sehr häufig im Text vor, so ist es sinnvoll, \LaTeX\ die korrekte Trennung beizubringen.
+% Dies funktioniert mit dem Befehl \fmacro{hyphenation}.
+% So könnte man \LaTeX\ die Trennung des Wortes \enquote{Femtosekundenlaser} folgendermaßen erklären: \fmacro{hyphenation}\sarg{Fem-to-se-kun-den-la-ser}.
+% Dieses Wort wird dann nur dort getrennt, wo in dem Befehl ein Bindestrich steht.
+% Dies gilt jedoch immer nur für exakt dieses Wort (nicht für abgeleitete Formen) und nur in der aktuell eingestellten Sprache \cite{babel,latex-begleiter}.\par
+% Für die manuelle Trennung einzelner Wörter kann man \LaTeX\ im Einzelfall auch neue Trennregeln beibringen.
+% Dies geschieht im Fließtext mit Hilfe so genannter \enquote{shorthands}:\shorthandoff{"}
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\texttt{\textbackslash-}]
+% Das Wort darf \textbf{nur} an dieser Stelle getrennt werden.
+% \item[\texttt{"-}]
+% Dies gibt eine \textbf{zusätzliche} Trennstelle an (zu denen, die \LaTeX\ für dieses Wort bereits kennt/gefunden hat).
+% \item[\texttt{"=}]
+% Es wird ein Bindestrich erzeugt. Die übrigen Trennstellen bleiben davon unbeeinflusst.
+% \item[\texttt{""}]
+% Dies gibt eine Stelle an, an der getrennt werden darf, ohne dass ein Bindestrich gesetzt wird.
+% \item[\texttt{"\textasciitilde}]
+% Dies erzeugt einen Bindestrich, an dem \textbf{nicht} getrennt werden darf.
+% \end{description}
+% Die aufgeführten shorthands werden einfach innerhalb eines Wortes verwendet, z.\,B.: \texttt{Femto"-sekunden"=Laser} \cite{babel,latex-begleiter,wikibooks-silbentrennung}.\par\shorthandon{"}
+% Der Vollständigkeit halber sei noch der Standard-\TeX-Befehl \texttt{\textasciitilde}~(Tilde) erwähnt.
+% Dieser erzeugt ein Leerzeichen, an dem nicht getrennt werden darf (geschütztes Leerzeichen), was zum Beispiel bei Konstrukten wie \enquote{Seite~5} sinnvoll sein kann.\par
+% Manchmal kommt man mit der einfachen Verbesserung der Silbentrennung nicht weiter, sondern muss manuell Zeilenumbrüche einfügen.
+% Dabei ist es sinnvoll, \LaTeX\ noch eine gewisse Entscheidungsfreiheit zu lassen.
+% Der Befehl \fmacro{linebreak} ermöglicht genau dies.
+% Er zeigt \LaTeX\ an, dass an dieser Stelle ein Zeilenumbruch sinnvoll wäre.
+% Mit Hilfe eines optionalen Arguments kann angegeben werden, wie sinnvoll oder dringend der Zeilenumbruch an dieser Stelle ist.
+% Dieses Argument kann eine Zahl zwischen null und vier sein, wobei eine höhere Zahl den Zeilenumbruch wahrscheinlicher (dringender) macht und \fmacro{linebreak} gleichbedeutend mit \fmacro{linebreak}\soarg{4} ist.\par
+% Entgegengesetzt zu \fmacro{linebreak} gibt es den Befehl \fmacro{nolinebreak}.
+% Sein optionales Argument funktioniert genau komplementär zu dem von \fmacro{linebreak} (\fmacro{nolinebreak}\soarg{4} verhindert den Zeilenumbruch am ehesten).\par
+% Um die Trennung eines Wortes (oder einer Fließtextformel) zu verhindern, kann der Befehl \fmacro{mbox} verwendet werden.
+% Dieser nimmt ein Argument auf, das dann nicht getrennt werden kann, z.\,B. \fmacro{mbox}\sarg{\textdollar 1+1=2\textdollar}.
+% Dies kann jedoch dazu führen, dass der Text über den Zeilenrand hinaus geht, was weitere Umarbeitungen erfordert.
+%
+%
+% \subsubsection{Seitenumbrüche}
+% \label{sec:seitenumbrueche}
+% An manchen Stellen werden Seitenumbrüche von Hand eingefügt, weil der jeweilige Autor (oder der Lektor) dies möchte.
+% Diese Seitenumbrüche werden meist mit den Befehlen \fmacro{newpage} oder \fmacro{clearpage} erzeugt, wobei der Unterschied darin besteht, dass letzterer vor dem Seitenumbruch alle noch nicht positionierten Gleitobjekte (siehe \cref{sec:gleitobjekte}) setzt.
+% Analog dazu gibt es den Befehl \fmacro{cleardoublepage}, der im Unterschied zu \fmacro{clearpage} dafür sorgt, dass die neue Seite eine ungerade (rechte) Seite ist, wozu manchmal eine Leerseite (Vakatseite) eingefügt werden muss.\par
+% Soll jedoch nicht unbedingt eine neue Seite angefangen werden, sondern erscheint dies sinnvoll, um den Textsatz zu optimieren, so kann es praktisch sein, \LaTeX\ zwar Hinweise zu geben, wo eine Seite umgebrochen werden kann, die Entscheidung aber dem Programm zu überlassen.
+% Für diese Fälle gibt es analog zu den Befehlen \fmacro{linebreak} und \fmacro{nolinebreak} (siehe \cref{sec:zeilenumbrueche}) die Befehle \fmacro{pagebreak} und \fmacro{nopagebreak}.
+% Diese funktionieren vollständig analog zueinander (inklusive optionalem Argument).\par
+% Ein Grund dafür, diese Befehle zu nutzen kann die Vermeidung von \emph{Schusterjungen} und \emph{Hurenkindern} sein.
+% Das ist eine einzelne Zeile eines Absatzanfangs am Ende einer Seite bzw. eine einzelne Zeile eines Absatzendes am Anfang einer Seite.
+% Sie sind unter allen Umständen (notfalls Umformulierung einzelner Sätze) zu vermeiden!
+% Der Autor dieser \LaTeX-Klasse versucht, Sie dabei zu unterstützen, indem er die Werte \fmacro{clubpenalty}, \fmacro{widowpenalty} und \fmacro{displaywidowpenalty} (siehe \cite{texbook,latex-begleiter}) auf 9999 gesetzt hat.
+%
+%
+% \subsection{Mathematiksatz}
+% \label{sec:mathesatz}
+% Die \LaTeX-Gemeinde ist sich heutzutage nahezu einig, dass für abgesetzte Formeln die Umgebungen verwendet werden sollten, die von der American Mathematical Society (AMS) im Paket \paket{amsmath} bereitgestellt werden, da bei diesen die Abstände am konsistentesten sind und Gleichungsnummern (im Gegensatz zu veralteten Umgebungen wie \env{eqnarray}) nicht überdruckt werden \cite{amsldoc,l2tabu}.
+% Für einfache abgesetzte Formeln sind dies im Wesentlichen die \env{equation}-Umgebung (für einzelne Formeln) und die \env{align}-Umgebung (für mehrere Formeln) bzw. deren Sternversionen \env{equation*} und \env{align*} für nicht nummerierte Formeln.\par
+% In dieser Klasse wird das Paket \paket{onlyamsmath} verwendet, das einen Fehler ausgibt, wenn Matheumgebungen genutzt werden, die nicht von der AMS stammen \cite{onlyamsmath}.
+% Möchten Sie dieses Verhalten vermeiden, so nutzen Sie die Klassenoption \optref{non-ams}.\par
+% Nützliche Hinweise zum Mathematiksatz in \LaTeX\ finden Sie in \cite{amsldoc,voss-mathe,voss-mathe-online,latex-begleiter,more-math}.
+%
+%
+% \section{Weiterführendes}
+% \label{sec:weiterfuehrendes}
+% Hier finden Sie noch einige Tipps und Literaturempfehlungen sowie ein paar Hintergründe zu dieser Klasse.
+%
+% \subsection{Paketempfehlungen}
+% \label{sec:paketempfehlungen}
+% Hier werden nun einige Pakete aufgeführt, die der Autor dieser Klasse allgemein als nützlich ansieht.
+% Sie werden nicht von der Klasse direkt geladen.
+% Ob der Nutzer der Klasse sie verwendet, hängt also von ihm selbst ab.
+% \begin{labeling}{\paket{booktabs}}
+% \item[\paket{booktabs}]
+% Verbesserte horizontale Linien für übersichtliche Tabellen \cite{booktabs}.
+% \item[\paket{csquotes}]
+% Einfache Schnittstelle für die Nutzung von Anführungszeichen \cite{csquotes}.
+% \item[\paket{cleveref}]
+% Komfortable Alternative zum \fmacro{ref}-Befehl (kompatibel mit \paket{varioref}) \cite{cleveref}.
+% \item[\paket{varioref}]
+% Praktische Ergänzung zum \fmacro{ref}-Befehl, gerade für gedruckte Werke bei Verweisen weit entfernt vom Label \cite{varioref}.
+% \item[\paket{amsmath}]
+% Sinnvolle Mathematik-Umgebungen und Weiteres (siehe auch \cref{sec:mathesatz}) \cite{amsldoc}.
+% \item[\paket{siunitx}]
+% Größen und Einheiten einfach und konsistent setzen \cite{siunitx}.
+% \end{labeling}
+%
+% \subsection{Verwendete Pakete}
+% \label{sec:verwendete-pakete}
+% Hier werden kurz die von der Klasse geladenen Pakete (in der Reihenfolge, in der sie geladen werden) und ihre Funktionen aufgeführt.
+% Das Wissen, welche Pakete geladen werden, kann wichtig sein, wenn der Nutzer der Klasse andere Pakete laden möchte, die mit den von der Klasse geladenen in Konflikt stehen könnten.\par
+% Die Optionen, mit denen diese Pakete geladen werden, sind teilweise von den verwendeten Klassenoptionen abhängig (besonders von \optref{format}) und deshalb hier nicht aufgeführt.
+% Sie sind bei Bedarf der Quelltextdatei \datei{sr-vorl.dtx} zu entnehmen.
+% \begin{labeling}{\paket{onlyamsmath}\cite{onlyamsmath}}
+% \item[\paket{scrbook} \cite{koma}]
+% Dies ist die verwendete Dokumentenklasse aus dem \textsf{KOMA}-Script-Bündel.
+% \item[\paket{xkeyval} \cite{xkeyval}]
+% Notwendig zum Erstellen einiger Klassenoptionen.
+% \item[\paket{etoolbox} \cite{etoolbox}]
+% Stellt verschiedene if-Abfragen und Hooks zur Verfügung.
+% \item[\paket{babel} \cite{babel}]
+% Lädt die Sprachen.
+% \item[\paket{geometry} \cite{geometry}]
+% Wird zur Einstellung des Satzspiegels genutzt.
+% \item[\paket{scrpage2} \cite{koma}]
+% Für die Definition der Kopf- und Fußzeilen.
+% Der definierte Standard-Seitenstil heißt \option{sr-standard}.
+% \item[\paket{caption} \cite{caption}]
+% Ermöglicht Einstellungen der Bild- und Tabellenbeschriftungen.
+% \item[\paket{ragged2e} \cite{ragged2e}]
+% Verbesserter Flattersatz.
+% \item[\paket{enumitem} \cite{enumitem}]
+% Einstellungen für Listen.
+% \item[\paket{xstring} \cite{xstring}]
+% Das Paket bietet viele Befehle zur String-Verarbeitung und "~auswertung.
+% Es wird zur unter anderem Auswertung der Klassenoptionen verwendet.
+% \item[\paket{chngcntr} \cite{chngcntr}]
+% Das Paket dient der Modifikation von Zählern.
+% Es wird zur Anpassung der Kapitel-, Abbildungs- und anderer Zähler bei Mehrautorenbüchern verwendet.
+% \item[\paket{varwidth}] \cite{varwidth}
+% Stellt die \env{varwidth}-Umgebung als Erweiterung der \env{minipage}-Umgebung bereit.
+% \item[\paket{onlyamsmath} \cite{onlyamsmath}]
+% Verhindert die Nutzung von Mathe-Umgebungen, die nicht von der AMS stammen (siehe auch die Option \optref{non-ams} in \cref{sec:optionen}).
+% \item[\paket{microtype} \cite{microtype}]
+% Verbesserte Mikrotypographie (siehe auch die Option \optref{no-microtype} in \cref{sec:optionen}).
+% \end{labeling}
+%
+% \subsection{Literaturtipps}
+% \label{sec:literaturtipps}
+% Wie bereits eingangs erwähnt, ist dieses Dokument keine \LaTeX-Einführung.
+% Man findet im Internet diverse Einführungen von verschiedener Länge und Qualität.
+% Beispiele für Einführungen --~für deren Qualität der Autor dieses Dokuments keinerlei Garantie übernimmt~-- sind: \cite{l2kurz,beginners-introduction,buxbaum-presentation,simplified-introduction,juergens1,juergens2}.
+% Gerade bei Werken älteren Datums muss man vor veralteten Befehlen auf der Hut sein.
+% Eine Hilfe hierzu bietet \cite{l2tabu}.
+% Dort sind einige veraltete Befehle und Pakete sowie sonstige Fehlerquellen benannt.\par
+% Für den Mathematiksatz sei auf die bereits in \cref{sec:mathesatz} erwähnten Werke \cite{amsldoc,voss-mathe,voss-mathe-online,latex-begleiter,more-math} verwiesen.\par
+% Weitere Orientierung bieten \cite{latex-begleiter,texbook,wikibooks-latex}.
+% Nahezu alle Pakete inklusive ihrer Beschreibungen sowie weitere nützliche Dokumente finden Sie im \emph{Comprehensive \TeX\ Archive Network} \cite{ctan}.
+% Viele dieser Dokumente und Beschreibungen finden Sie auch in Ihrem \LaTeX-System auf Ihrem Rechner, indem Sie in der Konsole (Terminal, Bash, Eingabeaufforderung) folgendes eingeben: \texttt{texdoc \meta{Paketname}}\par
+% Hilft das alles nicht weiter, so tut es manchmal auch eine Internetsuche.
+% Neben einschlägig bekannten Suchmaschinen sind hier spezielle Foren nützlich, in denen sich hilfsbereite \LaTeX-Spezialisten tummeln, z.\,B. \url{http://tex.stackexchange.com/} (englischsprachig, sehr viele aktive Nutzer) und \url{www.golatex.de} (deutschsprachig, weniger aktive Nutzer).
+%
+%\section{Lizenz}
+% \label{sec:lizenz}
+% Dieses Werk darf nach den Bedingungen der LaTeX Project Public License, entweder Version 1.3c oder (nach Ihrer Wahl) jeder späteren Version, verteilt und/oder verändert werden.
+% Die neueste Version dieser Lizenz ist:\\
+% \url{http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt}\\
+% Dieses Werk hat den LPPL-Betreuungs-Status \enquote{author-maintained} (vom Autor betreut).
+%
+%
+% \begin{otherlanguage}{british}
+% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at your option) any later version.
+% The latest version of this license is in:\\
+% \url{http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt}\\
+% This work has the LPPL maintenance status \foreignquote{english}{author-maintained}.
+% \end{otherlanguage}
+%
+% \nocite{*}
+% \iftoggle{auxdatei}
+% {\printbibliography[prenote=literatur]}
+% {}
+%
+% \section*{Liste der Änderungen}
+% \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Liste der Änderungen}
+% Hier finden Sie eine Übersicht über die Änderungen, die an dieser Klasse im Verlauf ihrer Versionen vorgenommen wurden.
+%
+% \begin{description}
+% \aenderung{1.1}{Option \optref{format}}{Neue Einstellungsmöglichkeit \option{vs} für Bücher bei Springer VS.}
+% \aenderung{1.1}{Befehl \macroref{verfasser}}{Neuer Befehl zum Satz von Autor und Ort des Geleitwortes.}
+% \aenderung{1.1}{Umstellung auf \programm{biber}}{Die Bibliografie dieser Dokumentation wird nun mit \programm{biber} erzeugt.}
+% \end{description}
+%
+%\StopEventually{}
+%
+%<*class>
+\LoadClassWithOptions{scrbook}
+
+
+\RequirePackage{xkeyval}
+\RequirePackage{etoolbox}
+
+\DeclareOptionX[sr]{no-shorthands}{%
+ \global\Germanshorthandsfalse%
+}
+
+\DeclareOptionX[sr]{test}{%
+ \PassOptionsToClass{draft}{scrbook}
+ \PassOptionsToPackage{showframe}{geometry}
+}
+
+\DeclareOptionX[sr]{deutsch}{%
+ \PassOptionsToPackage{ngerman}{babel}%
+ \ifGermanshorthands%
+ \else%
+ \AfterEndPreamble{\shorthandoff{"}}
+ \fi%
+ \gdef\GeleitwortTitel{Geleitwort}%
+ \gdef\VorwortTitel{Vorwort}%
+}
+
+\DeclareOptionX[sr]{deutsch-ar}{%
+ \PassOptionsToPackage{german}{babel}%
+ \ifGermanshorthands%
+ \else%
+ \AfterEndPreamble{\shorthandoff{"}}
+ \fi%
+ \gdef\GeleitwortTitel{Geleitwort}%
+ \gdef\VorwortTitel{Vorwort}%
+}
+
+\DeclareOptionX[sr]{englisch}{%
+ \PassOptionsToPackage{ngerman,british}{babel}%
+ \ifGermanshorthands%
+ \AfterPackage+{babel}{%
+ \useshorthands{"}%
+ \addto\extrasbritish{\languageshorthands{ngerman}}%
+ }%
+ \fi%
+ \gdef\GeleitwortTitel{Foreword}%
+ \gdef\VorwortTitel{Preface}%
+}
+
+\DeclareOptionX[sr]{no-microtype}{%
+ \global\Microtypefalse%
+}
+
+\DeclareOptionX[sr]{non-ams}{%
+ \global\AMSfalse%
+}
+
+
+\gdef\sr@schriftgroesse{11}% Standard-Schriftgroesse
+\gdef\sr@format{a5-monografie}% Standard-Format
+
+\newif\ifMicrotype% soll microtype eingebunden werden
+\Microtypetrue
+
+\newif\ifAMS% soll onlyamsmath eingebunden werden
+\AMStrue
+
+\newif\ifGermanshorthands% sollen die deutschen shorthands auch im Englischen nutzbar sein
+\Germanshorthandstrue
+
+\DeclareOptionX[sr]{schriftgroesse}[11]{\gdef\sr@schriftgroesse{#1}}
+
+\DeclareOptionX[sr]{format}[a5-monografie]{\gdef\sr@format{#1}}
+
+\ProcessOptions\relax
+\ProcessOptionsX[sr]\relax
+
+
+
+
+\RequirePackage{babel}
+\RequirePackage{geometry}
+\RequirePackage{scrpage2}
+\RequirePackage{caption}
+\RequirePackage{ragged2e}
+\RequirePackage{enumitem}
+\RequirePackage{xstring}
+\RequirePackage{chngcntr}
+\RequirePackage{varwidth}
+\ifAMS
+ \RequirePackage[all,error]{onlyamsmath}
+ \AtEndPreamble{%
+ \@ifpackageloaded{tikz}% Test, ob TikZ geladen wurde
+ {% Catcode für $ in tikz-Befehlen anpassen, um Konflikt zwischen onlyamsmath und TikZ zu vermeiden
+ \preto\tikzpicture{\catcode`$=3 }
+ \preto\tikz{\catcode`$=3 }
+ }
+ {}
+ }
+\fi
+\ifMicrotype
+ \RequirePackage{microtype}
+\fi
+
+
+
+\ifundef{\GeleitwortTitel}% falls keine Sprachoption gesetzt wurde, wird der Befehl \GeleitwortTitel definiert
+ {\gdef\GeleitwortTitel{}}
+ {}
+\ifundef{\VorwortTitel}% falls keine Sprachoption gesetzt wurde, wird der Befehl \VorwortTitel definiert
+ {\gdef\VorwortTitel{}}
+ {}
+
+
+
+\defpagestyle{plain}
+ {%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ }%
+ {%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ }%
+
+
+\KOMAoptions{% Einstellungen der KOMA-Klasse
+ fontsize=\sr@schriftgroesse pt,%
+ open=right,%
+ captions=signature,%
+ captions=abovetable,%
+ appendixprefix=false,%
+}%
+
+\gdef\frontmatter{%
+ \pagenumbering{Roman}%
+ \setcounter{page}{5}%
+}
+
+
+\captionsetup{% Einstellungen fuer Bild- und Tabellenbeschriftungen (mittels caption-Paket)
+ format=hang,%
+ font=small,%
+ labelfont=bf,%
+ justification=RaggedRight ,%
+ singlelinecheck=false,%
+}%
+
+\setlist{labelindent=0em,leftmargin=*}
+
+\AfterEndPreamble{%
+ \pagestyle{sr-standard}% Standard-pagestyle einschalten
+ \raggedbottom% vertikalen Seitenausgleich abschalten
+}
+
+
+% Einstellungen fuer die verschiedenen Formate
+\IfStrEqCase{\sr@format}{%
+ {a5-monografie}%
+ {%
+ \KOMAoptions{%
+ paper=a4,%
+ twoside,%
+ pagesize=auto,%
+ }%
+ \recalctypearea
+ \geometry{% Einstellungen fuer Satzspiegel (mittels geometry-Paket)
+ includehead,%
+ textwidth=11.5cm,%
+ height=18cm,%
+ }%
+ \automark[section]{chapter}
+ \defpagestyle{sr-standard}% Standard pagestyle
+ {%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ {\pagemark\hfill\headmark}%
+ {\headmark\hfill\pagemark}%
+ {}%
+ (\textwidth,0.5pt)%
+ }%
+ {%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ }%
+ }%
+ {handbuch-monografie}%
+ {%
+ \KOMAoptions{%
+ paper=16.8cm:24cm,%
+ twoside,%
+ pagesize=auto,%
+ }%
+ \recalctypearea
+ \geometry{% Einstellungen fuer Satzspiegel (mittels geometry-Paket)
+ includehead,%
+ textwidth=12.5cm,%
+ height=20cm,%
+ }%
+ \automark[section]{chapter}
+ \defpagestyle{sr-standard}% Standard pagestyle
+ {%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ {\pagemark\hfill\headmark}%
+ {\headmark\hfill\pagemark}%
+ {}%
+ (\textwidth,0.5pt)%
+ }%
+ {%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ }%
+ }%
+ {a5-mehrautorenbuch}% Einstellungen fuer Mehrautorenbuecher
+ {%
+ \KOMAoptions{%
+ paper=a4,%
+ twoside,%
+ pagesize=auto,%
+ }%
+ \recalctypearea
+ \geometry{% Einstellungen fuer Satzspiegel (mittels geometry-Paket)
+ includehead,%
+ textwidth=11.5cm,%
+ height=18cm,%
+ }%
+ \automark{chapter}
+ \defpagestyle{sr-standard}% Standard pagestyle
+ {%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ {\pagemark\hfill\headmark}%
+ {\KapitelAutor\hfill\pagemark}%
+ {}%
+ (\textwidth,0.5pt)%
+ }%
+ {%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ }%
+ \gdef\KapitelAutor{}%
+ \newcommand{\sr@chapterheadstartvskip}{% Definition eines neuen Abstands vor Kapitelanfaengen
+ \vspace*{1.8\baselineskip}%
+ }%
+ \newcommand{\sr@chapterheadendvskip}{% Definition eines neuen Abstands nach Kapitelanfaengen
+ \vspace{.5\baselineskip plus 0.1\baselineskip minus .05\baselineskip}%
+ }%
+ \let\old@chapterheadstartvskip\chapterheadstartvskip% Sicherung des alten Abstandes vor Kapitelanfaengen
+ \let\old@chapterheadendvskip\chapterheadendvskip% Sicherung des alten Abstandes nach Kapitelanfaengen
+ \counterwithout{section}{chapter}%
+ \counterwithout{figure}{chapter}%
+ \counterwithout{table}{chapter}%
+ \counterwithout{equation}{chapter}%
+ \counterwithin*{section}{chapter}%
+ \counterwithin*{figure}{chapter}%
+ \counterwithin*{table}{chapter}%
+ \counterwithin*{equation}{chapter}%
+ \counterwithin*{footnote}{chapter}%
+ }%
+ {vs}% Einstellungen fuer Buch bei Springer VS
+ {%
+ \KOMAoptions{%
+ paper=a4,%
+ twoside,%
+ pagesize=auto,%
+ }%
+ \recalctypearea
+ \geometry{% Einstellungen fuer Satzspiegel (mittels geometry-Paket)
+ includehead,%
+ textwidth=11.5cm,%
+ height=18cm,%
+ }%
+ \automark[section]{chapter}
+ \defpagestyle{sr-standard}% Standard pagestyle
+ {%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ {\pagemark\hfill\headmark}%
+ {\headmark\hfill\pagemark}%
+ {}%
+ (\textwidth,0.5pt)%
+ }%
+ {%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ {}%
+ (0pt,0pt)%
+ }%
+ \gdef\frontmatter{%
+ \pagenumbering{arabic}%
+ \setcounter{page}{5}%
+ }%
+ \let\old@chapterheadstartvskip\chapterheadstartvskip%
+ \let\old@chapterheadendvskip\chapterheadendvskip%
+ \renewcommand*{\chapterheadstartvskip}{\vspace*{-\topskip}}%
+ \renewcommand*{\chapterheadendvskip}{\vspace{72pt}}%
+ \deffootnote%
+ {1em}%
+ {1em}%
+ {\thefootnotemark\ }%
+ }%
+}
+
+
+\newlength{\sr@widmungstretch@oben}% vertikaler Abstand vor der Widmung
+
+\newlength{\sr@verfasserbreite@ort}% Breite des Ortes im Befehl \verfasser
+\newlength{\sr@verfasserbreite@name}% Breite des Namens im Befehl \verfasser
+
+
+% \begin{environment}{widmung}
+% Widmung
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newenvironment{widmung}[1][]
+ {%
+ \ifblank{#1}%
+ {%
+ \cleardoublepage%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}%
+ \setlength{\sr@widmungstretch@oben}{-2\baselineskip}%
+ \addtolength{\sr@widmungstretch@oben}{\stretch{1}}%
+ \vspace*{\sr@widmungstretch@oben}%
+ \begin{flushright}%
+ }%
+ {%
+ \let\raggedsection\raggedleft%
+ \setlength{\sr@widmungstretch@oben}{-\baselineskip}%
+ \addtolength{\sr@widmungstretch@oben}{\stretch{1}}%
+ \def\chapterheadstartvskip{\vspace*{\sr@widmungstretch@oben}}%
+ \chapter*{\raggedleft #1}%
+ \begin{flushright}%
+ }%
+ \itshape%
+ }%
+ {%
+ \end{flushright}%
+ \vspace*{\stretch{1.618}}%
+ }%
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{environment}
+
+
+% \begin{macro}{\vorwort}
+% Vorwort-Kapitel
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand{\vorwort}{%
+ \addchap*{\VorwortTitel}%
+ \markboth{\VorwortTitel}{\VorwortTitel}
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+
+
+% \begin{macro}{\geleitwort}
+% Geleitwort-Kapitel
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand{\geleitwort}{%
+ \addchap*{\GeleitwortTitel}%
+ \markboth{\GeleitwortTitel}{\GeleitwortTitel}
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+
+% \begin{macro}{\verfasser}
+% Geleitwort-Kapitel
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand{\verfasser}[3][0.4\linewidth,0.5\linewidth]{%
+ \StrBefore{#1}{,}[\sr@verfasserbefehl@ort]%
+ \StrBehind{#1}{,}[\sr@verfasserbefehl@name]%
+ \setlength{\sr@verfasserbreite@ort}{\sr@verfasserbefehl@ort}%
+ \setlength{\sr@verfasserbreite@name}{\sr@verfasserbefehl@name}%
+ \ifdimcomp{\sr@verfasserbreite@name + \sr@verfasserbreite@ort}{>}{\linewidth}% gucken, ob alles in eine Zeile passt
+ {% es passt nicht in eine Zeile
+ \ClassWarning{sr-vorl}{Die Summe der im Befehl '\verfasser' genutzten Laengen ist groesser als die Zeilenbreite!}% Warnung, wenn die Laengen zu gross sind
+ }%
+ {}% es passt in eine Zeile
+ %
+ \nopagebreak%
+
+ \nopagebreak%
+ \vspace*{1.5\baselineskip plus 0.75\baselineskip minus 0.75\baselineskip}%
+ \nopagebreak%
+ \noindent
+ \begin{varwidth}[t]{\sr@verfasserbreite@ort}%
+ \raggedright%
+ #2%
+ \end{varwidth}%
+ \hfill%
+ \begin{varwidth}[t]{\sr@verfasserbreite@name}%
+ \raggedleft%
+ #3%
+ \end{varwidth}%
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+
+
+% \begin{macro}{\kapitel}
+% Kapitel-Befehl fuer Mehrautorenbuecher
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand{\kapitel}[3][]{%
+ \gdef\KapitelAutor{#3}%
+ \stepcounter{chapter}
+ \let\chapterheadstartvskip\sr@chapterheadstartvskip%
+ \let\chapterheadendvskip\sr@chapterheadendvskip%
+ \ifblank{#1}%
+ {\addchap{#2}}%
+ {\addchap[#1]{#2}}%
+ \let\chapterheadstartvskip\old@chapterheadstartvskip%
+ \let\chapterheadendvskip\old@chapterheadendvskip%
+ {\usekomafont{section}\itshape#3}\par%
+ \vspace*{1.35\baselineskip plus 0.09\baselineskip minus .15\baselineskip}%
+ \noindent%
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+
+
+% Einstellungen fuer Gleitobjekte
+\setcounter{topnumber}{3}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{5}
+
+\renewcommand{\topfraction}{1}
+\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.4}
+\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.05}
+\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.7}
+
+\setlength{\@fptop}{0pt}
+\setlength{\@fpsep}{8pt}
+\setlength{\@fpbot}{0pt plus 1fil}
+
+\clubpenalty=9999
+\widowpenalty=9999
+\displaywidowpenalty=9999
+
+%</class>
+%
+%
+%<*frontmatter>
+%% Diese Datei sollte den Vorspann Ihrer Arbeit enthalten, wie z. B. Titelei, Vorwort, Geleitwort, Danksagung, Inhaltsverzeichnis, Abbildungsverzeichnis.
+\frontmatter
+\begin{widmung}% Innerhalb dieser Umgebung koennen Sie Ihre Widmung schreiben.
+
+\end{widmung}
+
+\geleitwort% Hier koennen Sie Ihr Geleitwort schreiben.
+
+
+\vorwort% Hier koennen Sie Ihr Vorwort schreiben.
+
+
+%% Hier koennen Inhaltsverzeichnis, Abbildungsverzeichnis und Aehnliches folgen.
+
+%</frontmatter>
+%
+%
+%<*mainmatter>
+%% Diese Datei sollte den Hauptteil Ihrer Arbeit enthalten.
+\mainmatter
+
+%</mainmatter>
+%
+%
+%<*backmatter>
+%% Diese Datei sollte den Nachspann (Anhang, Literaturverzeichnis etc.) Ihrer Arbeit enthalten.
+\backmatter
+%%
+
+%</backmatter>
+%
+%
+%<*hauptdatei>
+%% Dies ist die Hauptdatei Ihrer Arbeit. Hier koennen Sie Pakete einbinden, Definitionen vornehmen und Aehnliches.
+\documentclass{sr-vorl}
+
+\begin{document}
+\input{frontmatter_sr-vorl.tex}%% Die Datei, die den Vorspann Ihrer Arbeit enthalten sollte, wird eingebunden.
+
+\input{mainmatter_sr-vorl.tex}%% Die Datei, die den Hauptteil Ihrer Arbeit enthalten sollte, wird eingebunden.
+
+\input{backmatter_sr-vorl.tex}%% Die Datei, die den Nachspann Ihrer Arbeit enthalten sollte, wird eingebunden.
+
+\end{document}
+
+%</hauptdatei>
+%
+%\Finale
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/sr-vorl.ins b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/sr-vorl.ins
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5f18452147
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/sr-vorl.ins
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+%% Copyright 2013-2016 by Jonas L. Dabelow
+%%
+%% Dieses Werk darf nach den Bedingungen der LaTeX Project Public License,
+%% entweder Version 1.3c oder (nach Ihrer Wahl) jeder spaeteren Version,
+%% verteilt und/oder veraendert werden.
+%% Die neueste Version dieser Lizenz ist:
+%%
+%% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+%%
+%% Dieses Werk hat den LPPL-Betreuungs-Status "author-maintained" (vom Autor betreut).
+%%
+%% Dieses Werk besteht aus den Dateien sr-vorl.dtx and sr-vorl.ins
+%% and the derived files sr-vorl.cls, frontmatter_sr-vorl.tex,
+%% mainmatter_sr-vorl.tex, backmatter_sr-vorl.tex und hauptdatei_sr-vorl.tex.
+%%
+%%
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
+%% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c
+%% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
+%% The latest version of this license is in:
+%%
+%% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status "author-maintained".
+%%
+%% This work consists of the files sr-vorl.dtx and sr-vorl.ins
+%% and the derived files sr-vorl.cls, frontmatter_sr-vorl.tex,
+%% mainmatter_sr-vorl.tex, backmatter_sr-vorl.tex and hauptdatei_sr-vorl.tex.
+%%
+%%
+%%
+%% Die vorliegende Datei ist Teil einer LaTeX-Klasse zur Erstellung einer Veroeffentlichung nach
+%% den Massgaben von Springer Research.
+
+
+\input docstrip
+\askforoverwritefalse
+\preamble
+
+
+
+Copyright 2013-2016 by Jonas L. Dabelow
+
+Dieses Werk darf nach den Bedingungen der LaTeX Project Public License,
+entweder Version 1.3c oder (nach Ihrer Wahl) jeder spaeteren Version,
+verteilt und/oder veraendert werden.
+Die neueste Version dieser Lizenz ist:
+
+http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+
+Dieses Werk hat den LPPL-Betreuungs-Status "author-maintained" (vom Autor betreut).
+
+Dieses Werk besteht aus den Dateien sr-vorl.dtx and sr-vorl.ins
+und den daraus erzeugten Dateien sr-vorl.cls, frontmatter_sr-vorl.tex,
+mainmatter_sr-vorl.tex, backmatter_sr-vorl.tex und hauptdatei_sr-vorl.tex.
+
+
+
+This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
+conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c
+of this license or (at your option) any later version.
+The latest version of this license is in:
+
+http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+
+This work has the LPPL maintenance status "author-maintained".
+
+This work consists of the files sr-vorl.dtx and sr-vorl.ins
+and the derived files sr-vorl.cls, frontmatter_sr-vorl.tex,
+mainmatter_sr-vorl.tex, backmatter_sr-vorl.tex and hauptdatei_sr-vorl.tex.
+
+
+
+Die vorliegende Datei ist Teil einer LaTeX-Klasse zur Erstellung einer Veroeffentlichung nach
+den Massgaben von Springer Research und Springer VS.
+
+\endpreamble
+\generate{%
+ \file{sr-vorl.cls}{\from{sr-vorl.dtx}{class}}%
+ \file{frontmatter_sr-vorl.tex}{\from{sr-vorl.dtx}{frontmatter}}
+ \file{mainmatter_sr-vorl.tex}{\from{sr-vorl.dtx}{mainmatter}}
+ \file{backmatter_sr-vorl.tex}{\from{sr-vorl.dtx}{backmatter}}
+ \file{hauptdatei_sr-vorl.tex}{\from{sr-vorl.dtx}{hauptdatei}}
+}
+
+\obeyspaces
+\Msg{***********************************************************}
+\Msg{* *}
+\Msg{* Sie haben die Klassendatei *}
+\Msg{* *}
+\Msg{* sr-vorl.cls *}
+\Msg{* *}
+\Msg{* erzeugt. Verschieben Sie diese in einen Ordner, der *}
+\Msg{* von TeX durchsucht wird. *}
+\Msg{* *}
+\Msg{* Um die erzeugte Klasse zu nutzen, koennen Sie die *}
+\Msg{* automatisch erzeugten Dateien hauptdatei_sr-vorl.tex, *}
+\Msg{* frontmatter_sr-vorl.tex, mainmatter_sr-vorl.tex und *}
+\Msg{* backmatter_sr-vorl.tex nutzen. Fuer Details schauen Sie *}
+\Msg{* bitte in die Dokumentation. *}
+\Msg{* *}
+\Msg{* Um die Dokumentation zu erzeugen, muessen Sie die Datei *}
+\Msg{* sr-vorl.dtx mit latex oder pdflatex aufrufen. *}
+\Msg{* *}
+\Msg{* Froehliches TeXen! *}
+\Msg{* *}
+\Msg{***********************************************************}
+
+\endbatchfile
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/sr-vorl.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/sr-vorl.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..73da9de1ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/sr-vorl/sr-vorl.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/actinf.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/actinf.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..097552a09b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/actinf.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/actinf.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/actinf.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a40bbf9827
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/actinf.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/actinf.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/actinf.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bbb79e69f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/actinf.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement
+for\\\textit{Acta Informatica}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1998, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{11 June 1998}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{actinf} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Acta Informatica} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[actinf]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{Users guide}.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b6fe417340
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Acta Informatica
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "Acta Informatica"
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+ read.me This file
+ SVJour.cls Core document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* Main User's Guide (PDF and DVI)
+ svactinf.clo Class option file for Acta Informatica
+ actinf.* User's Guide for Acta Informatica (PDF and DVI)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+
+INSTALLATION
+
+Copy SVJour.cls and svactinf.clo to a place where LaTeX can find them.
+
+
+GETTING STARTED
+
+You should first read the "Main User's Guide" to get an overview
+and then the "User's Guide for Acta Informatica" for special
+instructions concerning this journal. Alternatively to reading the
+entire documentation, it is also possible to proceed by merely filling
+out the template and then looking up additional commands as needed.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/svactinf.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/svactinf.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a5e37bea44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/svactinf.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION Actinf version 1.1 -- Acta Informatica
+% by K. Steingraeber
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svactinf.clo}
+ [1998/09/02 by K. Steingraeber
+ style option v1.1 for Acta Informatica]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svactinf.clo for Acta Informatica}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xipt{13pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-.01pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\aftertext=3pt
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}%
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\journalname{Acta Informatica}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svactinf.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4da231d63c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/actinf/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Acta Informatica
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% First comes an example EPS file -- just ignore it and
+% proceed on the \documentclass line
+\begin{filecontents*}{example.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 19 19 221 221
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 29 1997
+%%Creator: programmed by hand (JK)
+%%EndComments
+gsave
+newpath
+ 20 20 moveto
+ 20 220 lineto
+ 220 220 lineto
+ 220 20 lineto
+closepath
+2 setlinewidth
+gsave
+ .4 setgray fill
+grestore
+stroke
+grestore
+\end{filecontents*}
+%
+\documentclass[actinf,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{example.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
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+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[final]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\makeatletter
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
+\renewenvironment{decl}[1][]%
+ {\par\small\addvspace{2.3ex}%
+ \vskip -\parskip
+ \ifx\relax#1\relax
+ \def\@decl@date{}%
+ \else
+ \def\@decl@date{\NEWfeature{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\hspace{-\leftmargini}%
+ \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\ignorespaces}%
+ {\\\hline\end{tabular}\nobreak\@decl@date\par\nobreak
+ \vspace{2.3ex plus 1ex}\vskip -\parskip}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+%
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parskip 0\p@ \@plus 1\p@
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \topsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@\relax}
+\@listI
+\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount}
+\makeatother
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement for\\
+\textit{Annales Geophysicae}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1999, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{05 January 1999}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{agp} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Annales Geophysicae} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[agp]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described in
+the main \emph{User guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class standard}
+
+As the abstract of your article is to appear in the header section,
+it must be coded before the \verb|\maketitle| command. Do not use the
+\verb|\begin{abstract}| \dots \verb|\end{abstract}| environment of
+standard \LaTeX. Instead proceed as you do for the other
+front matter declarations:
+\begin{decl}
+|\abstract| \arg{Text of your abstract}
+\end{decl}
+The standard key words are also part of the frontmatter please code
+them at the end but still inside the \verb|\abstract{...}| area.
+
+\section{Changed bibliographic environment\\
+for {\tt natbib} usage}
+
+\subsection*{Overview}
+
+The {\tt natbib}\footnote{Natbib coding copyright (C) 1994--1998 Patrick
+W. Daly. This file may be used for non-profit purposes. It may not be
+distributed in exchange for money, other than distribution costs.}
+package is a reimplementation of the \LaTeX\ \verb|\cite|\
+command, to work with author-year citations. It is compatible with the
+standard bibliographic style files, such as {\tt plain.bst}, as well as
+ith those of {\tt harvard, apalike, chicago, astron, authordate}, and of
+course {\tt natbib}.
+
+\subsection*{Loading}
+
+A Loading with \verb|\usepackage[|{\it options}\verb|]{natbib}| is not
+needed. All {\tt natbib} options and citations styles are implemented
+for usage with the {\tt agp}-option.
+
+\subsection*{Basic commands}
+
+The {\tt natbib} package has two basic citation commands, \verb|\citet|
+and \verb|\citep| for {\it textual} and {\it parenthetical} citations,
+respectively. All of these may take one or two optional arguments to add
+some text before and after the citation.
+
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{10pt}$\Rightarrow$\hspace{10pt}}l}
+\verb|\citet{jon90}| &Jones et al. (1990)\\
+\verb|\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| &Jones et al. (1990, chap. 2)\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\verb|\citep{jon90}| &(Jones et al., 1990)\\
+\verb|\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| &(Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)\\
+\verb|\citep[see][]{jon90}| &(see Jones et al., 1990)\\
+\verb|\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| &(see Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\subsection*{Multiple citations}
+
+Multiple citations may be made as usual, by including more than one citation
+key in the \verb|\cite| command argument.
+
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{10pt}$\Rightarrow$\hspace{10pt}}l}
+\verb|\citet{jon90,jon91}| &Jones et al. (1990); James et al. (1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90,jam91}| &(Jones et al., 1990; James et al. 1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90,jon91}| &(Jones et al., 1990, 1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| &(Jones et al., 1990a,b)\\
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{}\\
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{}\\
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{}\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\subsection*{Bibliography}
+
+Use the \verb|\bibitem| macro in the following way:
+
+\begin{tabular}{l}
+\verb|\bibitem[Jones \etal (1990)]{jon90} {\bf Jones ...|\\
+\verb|\bibitem[Jones \etal (1991)]{jon91} {\bf Jones ...|\\
+\verb|\bibitem[James \etal (1991)]{jam91} {\bf James ...|\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\section{Changes using Postscript fonts}
+
+The journal `Annales Geophysicae' is typeset using the
+Postscript\footnote{PostScript is a trademark of Adobe.} Times fonts for the
+main text and math. As the use of PostScript fonts results in different line and page
+breaks than when using Computer Modern fonts, we encourage you to use our
+document class together with the psnfss package times and if available the
+mathtime package. This packages does all necessary font replacements to show
+you the page make-up as it will be printed. Ask your local \TeX pert for
+details. PostScript previewing is possible on most systems. On some
+installations, however, on-screen previewing may be possible only with
+CM fonts.
+
+If, for technical reasons, you are not able to use the PS fonts, it is also
+possible to use our document class together with the ordinary Computer Modern
+fonts. Note, however, that in this case line and page breaks will change when
+we re\TeX\ your file with PS fonts, making it necessary for you to check them
+again once you receive the proofs from the printer.
+
+
+\section{Notes}
+
+Again we strongly suggest to use the \verb|\bibitem - \cite| as well as
+the \verb|\label -| \verb|\ref| mechanism of \LaTeX\ for your cross
+references throughout your document.
+
+\section{Installation}
+
+Following packages should be installed: \verb|times|, \verb|natbib|,
+\verb|amsmath|.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/example/example.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/example/example.dvi
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/example/example.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,1277 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% An example input file demonstrating the agp option of the SVJour %
+% document class for the journal: Annales Geophysicae %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\documentclass[agp]{svjour}
+
+\usepackage{graphics}
+\usepackage{epsfig}
+\usepackage{times}
+% \usepackage{mathtime}
+%
+\sloppy
+%
+\journalname{Ann. Geophysicae}
+%
+\begin{document}
+\title{On the regional climatic impact of contrails:}
+\subtitle{microphysical and radiative properties of contrails and
+natural cirrus clouds}
+\author{B. Strauss\inst{1} \and
+R. Meerkoetter\inst{1} \and
+B. Wissinger\inst{1} \and
+P. Wendling\inst{1} \and
+M. Hess\inst{2}}
+\institute{Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR),
+Institut fuer Physik der Atmosphaere, Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 Wessling,
+Germany
+\and
+Meteorologisches Institut der Universitaet Muenchen, Muenchen, Germany}
+\mail{B. Strauss\\
+e-mail: pal3@opasul.pa.op.dir.de}
+\date{Received: 17 November 1995 / Revised: 12 May 1997 /
+Accepted: 6 June 1997}
+\titlerunning{On the climatic impact of contrails}
+\authorrunning{B. Strauss \etal}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\abstract{The impact of contrail induced cirrus clouds on regional
+climate is estimated for mean atmospheric conditions of Southern Germany
+in the months of July and October. This is done by use of a regionalized
+one-dimensional radiative convective model (RCM). The influence of an
+increased ice cloud cover is studied by comparing RCM results
+representing climatological values with a modified case. In order to
+study the sensitivity of this effect on the radiative characteristics of
+the ice cloud, two types of additional ice clouds were modelled: cirrus
+and contrails, the latter cloud type containing a higher number of
+smaller and less of the larger cloud particles. Ice cloud parameters are
+calculated on the basis of a particle size distribution which covers the
+range from 2 to 2000\,$\mu$m\,, taking into consideration recent
+measurements which show a remarkable amount of particles smaller than
+20\,$\mu$m. It turns out that a 10\% increase in ice cloud cover leads
+to a surface temperature increase in the order of 1\,K\,, ranging from
+1.1 to 1.2\,K in July and from 0.8 to 0.9\,K in October depending on the
+radiative characteristics of the air-traffic-induced ice clouds.
+Modelling the current contrail cloud cover which is near 0.5\% over
+Europe yields a surface temperature increase in the order of 0.05\,K.
+\keywords{Insert keyword here}}
+
+\strich
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 1 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:1}
+
+Air traffic influences the atmosphere through the emission of various
+gases and particles. Among these, water vapour and aerosol particles
+acting as cloud nuclei are of special interest because they support
+cloud formation thus modifying an important climate factor. Therefore,
+the impact of contrails, or better `air-traffic-induced cirrus clouds'
+was discussed recently within the scope of air traffic and climate in
+general \citep{Schu94}. \citet{Li90} studied the global influence of
+contrails within a case study, using a two-dimensinal climate model.
+They found an increase in surface temperature of 1\,K in the case of an
+increase in cloud cover by 5\% between 20$^\circ$ and 70$^\circ$ N.
+\citet{Po96} studied the influence of an increase in water vapour and in
+cirrus cloud cover induced by air traffic using a three-dimensional GCM.
+They showed that a significant climatic effect is more likely to occur
+on the basis of contrail cloud cover rather than on the basis of
+additional water vapour due to air traffic. The GCM results show an
+increase in surface temperature of 1\,K at 50$^{\circ}$N for a contrail
+cloud cover of 5\%.
+
+However, one may expect contrails to have a stronger impact on a
+regional scale than on a global scale. To estimate this, a case study is
+carried out within this paper for an area of increased air traffic in
+southern Germany. This is done by use of a one-dimensional radiative
+convective model (RCM), originally developed by \citet{Li83} and
+modified to allow modelling of regional climate by taking into account
+advection as a third energy flux besides radiation and convection. The
+effects of an increased ice cloud cloud cover on the equilibrium
+temperature profile of a mean July and October atmosphere were
+simulated.
+
+\begin{figure*}
+\sidecaption
+\unitlength0.9cm
+\begin{picture}(12,7)
+\framebox(12,7){}
+\end{picture}
+\caption{Ice replicator mounted on the DLR research aircraft `Falcon'}
+\label{fig:1}
+\end{figure*}
+
+Special emphasis is laid on the parameterization of the radiative
+characteristics of ice clouds. There are two types of ice cloud used in
+the model: cirrus and contrail. An increase in ice cloud cover is
+modelled twice, using both cloud types, in order to estimate the
+influence of the cloud radiative characteristics on the results.
+Corresponding RCM input parameters are the transmittance and the
+reflectance in the solar, and the emittance, the transmittance and the
+reflectance in the terrestrial spectral range. Values of these
+quantities are obtained by radiative transfer model (RTM) calculations.
+Ice clouds in the model are assumed to consist of particles in the range
+2--2000\,$\mu$m. The size distribution for particles smaller than
+20\,$\mu$m is based on recent in situ measurements which are presented
+in Sect.~\ref{sec:2}, for particles greater than 20\,$\mu$m a parameterization
+of \citet{He84} is used. Contrails are assumed to consist of a larger
+portion of smaller particles and less of the bigger ones compared to
+natural cirrus clouds. The ice water content, however, is assumed to be
+the same in both cloud types, for reasons of better comparability. It is
+anticipated that the portion of small particles has an appreciable
+influence on the radiative properties of ice clouds \citep{Ar94}.
+Section~\ref{sec:3} describes the model modifications, Sect.~\ref{sec:4}
+presents and discusses the resulting equilibrium temperature profiles.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 2 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Measurements of microphysical properties in cirrus clouds and
+contrails}
+\label{sec:2}
+
+In situ measurements by use of an ice replicator [built by J. Hallett,
+Desert Research Institute (DRI), Reno, Nevada, USA] were carried out in
+both natural cirrus and aged contrails. This was done within the
+campaign `CIRRUS '92' organized by `Deutsche Forschungsanstalt f\"ur
+Luft- und Raumfahrt' (DLR). It took place between 1 and 19 October 1992
+in South Germany. On 15 October measurements were taken in a natural
+cirrostratus cloud located ahead of a frontal system related to a strong
+low over Denmark. On 9 October measurements were taken in contrails with
+ages in the order of half an hour embedded in arising cirrus. In this
+case a high was located over Central Europe, a low over the
+Mediterranean Sea and advection of warm air in southern Germany just
+started from the south. A comparison of these two measurements is of
+special interest with regard to a possible difference in the
+microphysical behaviour of these two cloud types. The question of how
+representative these two clouds were remains open up to now.
+
+The principle of the ice replicator (see Fig.~\ref{fig:1}) is quite easy:
+the particles fly through an inlet situated at the tip of the
+instrument, sized 2 $\times$ 7\,mm$^2$, and impact on a coated leader
+film which is transported just behind that entrance. The impacts of the
+particles are conserved in the coating and are analysed by microscopy,
+digitization of the microscope pictures and image processing software.
+Thus information on particle shapes, sizes, concentration and size
+distribution is obtained. The lower resolution of the instrument is
+about 4\,$\mu$m, depending on the quality of the coating which does not
+always have the same characteristics. A source of uncertainty concerning
+absolute particle numbers is the uncertainty due to the collection
+efficiency for particles smaller than approximately 10\,$\mu$m, which is
+not known accurately. Particles larger than approximately 100\,$\mu$m
+normally break by impaction and information on these particles is
+therefore weak. Regions showing fragments of broken particles were
+excluded from evaluation. Nevertheless, there remains an uncertainty due
+to misclassification of some broken material. This effect is contrary to
+the collection efficiency effect. Figure~\ref{fig:2} shows eight size
+distributions of the cirrus cloud measured on 15 October 1992 taken from
+eight different parts of this cloud, thus representing a measure of the
+natural variability. Also shown is a parameterization for cirrus cloud
+particles larger than 20\,$\mu$m in size for temperatures of
+$-55^{\circ}$C and $-40^{\circ}$C \citep{He84,Li92}. The temperature in
+the cloud was about $-55$ to $-57^{\circ}$C. One can see three important
+features:
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item there are many `small' particles, i.e. particles smaller than about
+20\,$\mu$m in size;
+\item the measured size distributions coincide with the parameterization
+of Heymsfield and Platt in the overlap size regime;
+\item the variability is in the order of one magnitude.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\unitlength0.9cm
+\begin{picture}(8.575,7)
+\framebox(8.575,7){}
+\end{picture}
+\caption{Size distributions in a cirrostratus cloud measured on 15
+October 1992 over Southern Germany. The eight curves represent eight
+different parts of the cloud and thereby give a measure of the natural
+variability. The two lines represent parameterizations for particles
+larger than 20\,$\mu$m for $-55\,^{\circ}$C ({\it solid}) and
+$-40\,^{\circ}$C ({\it dash -- three dots}) after Heymsfield and Platt
+(1984)}
+\label{fig:2}
+\end{figure}
+
+The strong fluctuations at sizes larger than about 20$\mu$m are due to
+the size of sampling volume which is comperatively small for particles
+of this size regime. It is in the order of several thousand cm$^{3}$.
+The collection efficiency is assumed to be 1 for all sizes, i.e. numbers
+for particles smaller than approximately 10\,$\mu$m are probably
+slightly underestimated. Integration gives a mean particle concentration
+of 0.7\,cm$^{-3}$ with values ranging from 0.5 to 1.1\,cm$^{-3}$.
+
+These values can be compared to data obtained by measurements with a
+Counterflow Virtual Impactor (CVI) in natural cirrus clouds, as
+presented by \citet{St93}. The CVI detects ice particles up to
+30\,$\mu$m by measuring the concentration of the nuclei and the ice
+water content of the particles. CVI values range from 0.1 to
+1\,cm$^{-3}$ and therefore confirm the replicator data.
+
+Figure~\ref{fig:3} shows the corresponding results for the aged contrails
+on 9 October. The temperature in these contrails was between
+$-37^{\circ}$C and $-45^{\circ}$C. The mean concentration value is found
+to be 1.3\,cm$^{-3}$, again assuming a collection efficiency of 1, with
+values ranging from 0.8 to 1.6\,cm$^{-3}$. A comparison of the two
+clouds is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:4}. The two curves represent mean
+values of the size distribution for the two cloud types. One can see
+that the particle concentration for the aged contrails is larger for all
+sizes measured by the ice replicator. But the difference is
+significantly less than the variability of each of the two clouds.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\unitlength0.9cm
+\begin{picture}(8.575,7)
+\framebox(8.575,7){}
+\end{picture}
+\caption{Size distributions measured in aged contrails on 9 October 1992
+over Southern
+Germany. Lines as in Fig.~\ref{fig:2}}
+\label{fig:3}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\unitlength0.9cm
+\begin{picture}(8.575,7)
+\framebox(8.575,7){}
+\end{picture}
+\caption{Comparison of size distribution for natural cirrus (15 October 1992,
+{\it thick}) and aged contrails (9 October 1992, {\it thin}). Lines as in
+Fig.~\ref{fig:2}}
+\label{fig:4}
+\end{figure}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 3 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{The radiative convective model and its modification}
+\label{sec:3}
+
+The RCM output of the original model version represents an atmospheric
+state of long-term and global averaging. It divides the atmosphere into
+21 layers containing three cloud layers and calculates a temperature
+profile representing an equilibrium state between radiation and
+convection within each layer. The whole spectral range comprises six
+spectral intervals in the solar and five intervals in the terrestrial
+region.
+
+The temperature profile is computed on the basis of the Curtis matrix
+principle, i.e. starting with an emittance, reflectance and
+transmittance value and a first-guess temperature value for each
+atmospheric model layer and then applying a perturbation scheme. This
+immediately gives the equilibrium state temperature profile, i.e. no
+time-stepping method is used. Values in cloudy layers are assumed to be
+dominated by the cloud particles. Figure~\ref{fig:5} gives an overview of
+the procedure. For more details see \citet{Li83}.
+
+\begin{figure*}
+\sidecaption
+\unitlength0.9cm
+\begin{picture}(12,7)
+\framebox(12,7){}
+\end{picture}
+\caption{Flow diagram showing the principle procedure of the RCM. Each
+iteration repeats the calculations of the vertical exchange coefficient
+and of the profile of the radiative fluxes on the basis of the new
+temperature profile. Advection is taken into consideration as a third
+energy flux besides radiation and convection in the modified version of
+the RCM which is used in this study}
+\label{fig:5}
+\end{figure*}
+
+To permit simulations on a regional scale and for limited time periods,
+advection has to be taken into consideration. Furthermore, the following
+variables have to be specified for the considered region and time: (1)
+solar zenith angle, (2) water vapour profile, (3) ozone profile, (4)
+cloud cover, (5) surface albedo, (6) Bowen ratio.
+
+All of these values except the cloud cover are assumed to be constant in
+the frame of this study. Cloud cover values for mid-level and low clouds
+are fixed, whereas high cloud cover is varied. More details are given in
+Appendix~B.
+
+Special emphasis is given to the parameterization of the optical
+properties of ice clouds. In the model's original version, ice clouds
+consist of cylindrically shaped monodisperse ice particles with a mean
+length of 200\,$\mu$m, a mean radius of 30\,$\mu$m and a mean
+concentration of 0.05\,cm$^{-3}$.
+
+However, recent research results force these assumptions to be modified.
+It turned out that models tend to underestimate the solar ice cloud
+albedo when compared to measurements \citep{St91}. As a consequence, two
+hypotheses are made to explain this discrepancy: in today's models,
+particles are usually described as spheres or hexagons. Hypothesis (1)
+says that particle shapes have to be modelled more precisely with
+respect to multibranched particles which are regularly found in ice
+clouds and which could cause increased backscattering as compared to
+simple hexagonally shaped columns and plates \citep{Wi90}. Hypothesis
+(2) concerns the particle size. Little is known about particles smaller
+than 50\,$\mu$m due to the lower resolution of instruments usually
+employed for in situ measurements of ice particles. Ice cloud models
+usually assume particles with a minimum size of 20\,$\mu$m or even
+larger. Hypothesis (2) says that a significant amount of smaller
+particles have an appreciable influence on the radiative characteristics
+of ice clouds by enlarging the number of backscattered photons and
+herewith increasing cloud albedo. Model calculations
+\citep{Ma93,Ia95,St96} make hypothesis (1) appear unlikely, whereas
+recent in situ measurements as presented in the previous section support
+hypothesis (2). Therefore, the ice cloud parameterization used in the
+RCM was modified by assuming hexagonally shaped ice particles in the
+solar spectral range, and cirrus particle size distributions in the
+small-particle regime as based on our measurements (see Sect.~\ref{sec:2})
+and those of \citet{He84}. In the terrestrial spectral range,
+Mie-calculations were carried out for volume equivalent spheres.
+
+The following two subsections describe the parameterization of the
+optical properties of ice clouds and of the advection in detail.
+
+\subsection{Calculation of the radiative properties of ice clouds}
+
+\subsubsection{Procedure.}
+%
+Radiative properties of ice clouds in the RCM are described by the
+broadband transmittance and reflectance in the solar spectral range and
+in addition the emittance in the terrestrial spectral range. These
+quantities were calculated with a separate radiation transfer model
+(RTM) based on the Matrix Operator Method \citep{Pl73} by the following
+steps:
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item Calculation of the phase function $\phi$ (solar region), asymmetry
+factor $g$ (terrestrial region), volume extinction coefficient $\sigma$,
+and single scattering albedo $\omega$ on the basis of the particle-size
+distribution and the spectral complex refractive index of ice \citep{Wa84}.
+In the solar region these parameters are derived for hexagonally shaped
+particles under the assumption of geometrical optics \citep{He94}. In the
+terrestrial spectral range Mie-calculations have been performed for volume
+equivalent spheres.
+\item Calculation of spectral downward- and upward-directed radiative fluxes
+at cloud top and base with an RTM. The ice cloud layer is embedded between
+9.6 and 11.0\,km.
+\item Calculation of broadband transmittance, reflectance and emittance by
+use of wavelength integrated fluxes at cloud top and base within the solar
+and terrestrial spectral range.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{table}[b]
+\caption[]{Modelled size distribution of cirrus cloud particles. The particle
+concentration is 0.58\,cm$^{-3}$, the ice water content $2.077 \cdot
+10^{-3}$\,gm$^{-3}$}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{-1.75pt}}lcccc}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+size class & represented size range & $A$ & $B$ & particle number \\
+ & $\mu$m & $\mu$m & $\mu$m & m$^{-3}$ \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+I & 2 -- 6 & \phantom{.}1.4 & \phantom{1.}3.5 & $1.69\cdot 10^5 $ \\
+II & \phantom{1}6 -- 20 & \phantom{11}4 & \phantom{11}10 & $3.87\cdot 10^5 $ \\
+III & 20 -- 40 & \phantom{1}10 & \phantom{11}30 & $1.77\cdot 10^4 $ \\
+IV & 40 -- 90 & \phantom{1}22 & \phantom{11}60 & $3.19\cdot 10^3 $ \\
+V & \phantom{1}90 -- 200 & \phantom{1}41 & 130 & $1.40\cdot 10^3 $ \\
+VI & 200 -- 400 & \phantom{1}60 & \phantom{1}300 & $1.75\cdot 10^2 $ \\
+VII & 400 -- 900 & \phantom{1}80 & \phantom{1}600 & $3.16\cdot 10^1 $ \\
+VIII & \phantom{1}900 -- 2000 & 110 & 1300 & $3.99\cdot 10^0 $ \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:1}
+\end{table}
+
+\subsubsection{Microphysical properties of cirrus and contrails.}
+%
+Size distributions are specified for two cloud types: cirrus and
+contrails. Table~\ref{tab:1} gives the discretized cirrus size distribution
+as derived from two separate data sources. A and B designate the half
+width and the length of the representative hexagonal ice particles. For
+cirrus cloud particles smaller than 20\,$\mu$m the size distribution is
+based on in situ measurements as presented in Sect.~\ref{sec:2}. For cirrus
+cloud particles larger than 20\,$\mu$m the size distribution is based on a
+parameterization of \citet{He84} (using a revised version in
+\citet{Li92}), which is a function of temperature. For reasons of
+consistency, the range $-55^{\circ}$C to $-60^{\circ}$C is used here,
+because temperature values within this range were measured during the
+flight in the cloud on 15 October 1992. Taking the particle numbers of
+\citet{He84,Li92} directly, however, leads to a significantly smaller
+ice water content than that measured by these two papers, which is
+$2.077 \cdot 10^{-3}$gm$^{-3}$. We assume that this discrepancy is due
+to the assumption that particles in our model have hexagonal shapes in
+all size classes, whereas the measurements show aggregates in the range
+of larger particles. For a certain diameter, an aggregate contains a
+significantly larger volume than a column. In order to adjust the ice
+water content value in the model to the measured value, particle numbers
+in size classes V to VIII were increased by a factor of 3.47.
+
+For consistency of the following comparison the ice water content within
+contrails is assumed to be the same as that for the natural cirrus case.
+Having no precise information on particle number densities for sizes
+larger than 20\,$\mu$m, we assume that the relative particle size
+distribution is the same as that for the natural cirrus case
+(Table~\ref{tab:1}), through, with an upper size limit of 200\,$\mu$m. This
+gives also qualitative agreement with the measurements of \citet{Ga96}.
+As a result of the adjustment of the ice water content there are more
+small particles in contrails than in natural cirrus, which is consistent
+with our measurements.
+
+\begin{table}
+\caption[]{Modeled size distribution of contrail particles. The particle
+concentration is 1.0\,cm$^{-3}$, the ice water content $2.077 \cdot
+10^{-3}$\,gm$^{-3}$}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{-1.75pt}}lcccc}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+size class & represented size range & $A$ & $B$ & particle number \\
+& $\mu$m & $\mu$m & $\mu$m & m$^{-3}$ \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+I & 2 -- 6 & \phantom{.}1.4 & \phantom{.}3.5 & $2.91\cdot 10^5 $ \\
+II & \phantom{1}6 -- 20 & \phantom{11}4 & \phantom{11}10 & $6.67\cdot 10^5 $ \\
+III & 20 -- 40 & \phantom{1}10 & \phantom{11}30 & $3.05\cdot 10^4 $ \\
+IV & 40 -- 90 & \phantom{1}22 & \phantom{11}60 & $5.51\cdot 10^3 $ \\
+V & \phantom{1}90 -- 200 & \phantom{1}41 & \phantom{1}130 & $2.42\cdot 10^3 $ \\
+VI & 200 -- 400 & \phantom{1}60 & \phantom{1}300 & $0 $ \\
+VII & 400 -- 900 & \phantom{1}80 & \phantom{1}600 & $0 $ \\
+VIII & \phantom{1}900 -- 2000 & 110 & 1300 & $0 $ \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:2}
+\end{table}
+
+\begin{figure}[b]
+\unitlength0.9cm
+\begin{picture}(8.575,7)
+\framebox(8.575,7){}
+\end{picture}
+\caption{Modelled size distributions ({\it steps}) for natural cirrus ({\it
+solid}) and contrails ({\it dashed}). Also shown are replicator measured size
+distributions as indicted in Fig.~\ref{fig:4} for natural cirrus ({\it
+solid}) and contrails ({\it dashed})}
+\label{fig:6}
+\end{figure}
+
+\subsubsection{Radiative properties of contrails and natural cirrus clouds.}
+%
+The radiative transfer model adopted to calculate vertical profiles of
+upward- and downward-directed fluxes is based on the matrix operator
+theory \citep{Pl73}. This RTM accounts for processes of multiple
+scattering, absorption and thermal emission. The cloud optical
+properties are described by $\phi$ (solar), $g$ (terrestrial), $\sigma$
+and $\omega$. Besides the cloud parameters, the RTM needs the
+corresponding optical parameters for aerosol particles. Furthermore, the
+vertical profiles of temperature, pressure and air density, as well as
+the absorber masses of the relevant gases, characterize the atmospheric
+state. These meteorological parameters are given for our model
+atmospheres in Appendix~B. Table~\ref{tab:6} in Appendix~A shows the
+spectral resolution within the solar spectral range as used in the RTM.
+
+In the solar region, the sharp forward peak of the cirrus phase function
+is truncated by applying the delta-function approximation. In the
+terrestrial range, a Henyey-Greenstein approximation of the phase
+function is adopted which depends only on the asymmetry factor. The
+transmission functions of the relevant gases valid in the spectral
+subintervals are approximated by exponential sum fitting.
+
+Table~\ref{tab:7} in Appendix~A gives the values of $C$, $g$ and
+$\omega$ for the cirrus and contrail cloud as calculated for hexagonally
+shaped particles with geometrical optics. $C$ designates the extinction
+cross-section and equals the extinction coefficient normalized to one
+particle per cm$^{-3}$. Note that the $g$ values are shown in the table
+but subsequently are not used. For the model calculations, the complete
+phase function is used. Note that the spectral resolution is not
+identical to that in the RTM (see Table~\ref{tab:6}), however, it accounts
+for a proper representation of the radiative properties which in turn
+mainly follow the spectral behaviour of the complex refractive index of
+ice. Phase functions are calculated at wavelengths 0.550, 1.100, 1.400,
+1.905, 2.600 and 3.077$\mu$m. These wavelengths are chosen as
+representative with respect to the spectral behaviour of the refractive
+index of ice.
+
+To obtain the analogous values for the RTM input spectral intervals
+(Table~\ref{tab:6}), a proper mean value is calculated by
+\begin{equation}
+\overline{x_j} = \frac{\sum_{i} x_i E_i \Delta \lambda_{i,j}}{\sum_{i} E_i
+\Delta \lambda_{i,j}},
+\label{eq:1}
+\end{equation}
+where $x$ represents the variables $\sigma$ and $\omega$,
+$\overline{x_j}$ designates the mean value of the $j$th spectral
+interval $\sum_{i} \Delta \lambda_{i,j}$ within the solar spectral
+range. The variable $E_i$ is the solar constant at the wavelength $i$.
+
+The first column in Table~\ref{tab:8} in Appendix~A shows the spectral
+resolution in the terrestrial region used by the RTM. In order to obtain
+$\sigma$, $g$ and $\omega$ values in the terrestrial region,
+Mie-calculations for corresponding spherical particles were carried out
+within each spectral interval at its central wavelength given in
+Table~\ref{tab:8}, where the conversion from hexagonal particles into
+corresponding spheres is done by calculation of equivalent volume. It is
+expected that such spheres give better $\omega$ values compared to
+spheres of equal surface \citep{Ta89}.
+
+Downward- and upward-directed solar fluxes at cloud top and base result
+from RTM calculations for the isolated cloud layer as radiative transfer
+medium. In a next step, the cloud transmittance is derived by relating
+the downward directed fluxes at cloud top and base, respectively. The
+ratio of upward and downward flux at cloud top correspondingly gives the
+cloud reflectance. Solar zenith angles are cosine weighted means over
+the solar day for July and October in Munich. Results are shown in
+Table~\ref{tab:3}.
+
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Solar radiative properties of cirrus and contrails as derived from
+RTM calculations (Jci: July, cirrus, Jco: July, contrails, Oci: October,
+cirrus, Oco: October, contrails)}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{\fill}}cccc@{\hspace{0pt}}}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+case & solar zenith angle & transmittance & reflectance \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+Jci & 58.71 $^{\circ}$ &0.932 & 0.057 \\
+Jco & 58.71 $^{\circ}$ &0.908 & 0.080 \\
+Oci & 69.78 $^{\circ}$ &0.891 & 0.095 \\
+Oco & 69.78 $^{\circ}$ &0.855 & 0.131 \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:3}
+\end{table}
+
+As expected, transmittances increase and reflectances decrease with
+decreasing particle concentration. The extinction coefficient value is
+found to be 0.130 and 0.198\,km$^{-1}$ for cirrus and contrails,
+respectively, at a wavelength of 0.55\,$\mu$m. Values of the cloud
+optical thickness at a wavelength of 0.55\,$\mu$m are 0.18 and 0.28 for
+cirrus and contrails, respectively.
+
+To obtain emittance, transmittance and reflectance in the terrestrial
+spectral range, RTM calculations were carried out for two different
+vertical atmospheric segments: (1) the atmosphere between surface and
+cloud top and (2) the cloud layer only. The first serves to obtain the
+upward fluxes at cloud top $f_{top} \uparrow $ and cloud base $f_{base}
+\uparrow $, the latter gives the fluxes emitted by the cloud layer
+itself, designated as $fcl_{top} \uparrow $ and $fcl_{base} \downarrow
+$. The upward-directed emittance is calculated according to $fcl_{top}
+\uparrow $ / $\varsigma T_{top}^4$ , where $\varsigma$ denotes the
+Stefan--Boltzmann constant and $T_{top}$ the temperature at cloud top.
+The downward-directed emittance is calculated analogously. In the RCM
+the mean of these two emittance values is used. The transmittance is
+given by $(f_{top} \uparrow - fcl_{top} \uparrow )/f_{base} \uparrow$,
+the reflectance by $( f_{base} \downarrow - fcl_{base} \downarrow
+)/f_{base} \uparrow$. Table~\ref{tab:4} lists the results, Table~\ref{tab:5}
+presents the derived values for cloud emittance, transmittance and
+reflectance.
+
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Radiative fluxes in the terrestrial spectral range; $f_{top}
+\uparrow$: upward flux at cloud top, $f_{base} \uparrow$: upward flux at
+cloud base, $f_{base} \downarrow$: downward flux at cloud base,
+$fcl_{top} \uparrow$: upward flux at cloud top (cloud only), $fcl_{base}
+\downarrow$: downward flux at cloud base (cloud only), other
+designations as in Table~\ref{tab:3}}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{\fill}}cccccc@{\hspace{0pt}}}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+case & $f_{top} \uparrow $ & $f_{base} \uparrow $ & $ f_{base} \downarrow $
+& $fcl_{top} \uparrow $ & $fcl_{base} \downarrow $ \\
+& Wm$^{-2}$ & Wm$^{-2}$ & Wm$^{-2}$ & Wm$^{-2}$ & Wm$^{-2}$ \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+Jci & 245.1 & 286.7 & 75.5 & 57.0 & 59.9 \\
+Jco & 231.8 & 286.7 & 86.3 & 62.2 & 65.3 \\
+Oci & 238.5 & 272.3 & 54.4 & 43.4 & 45.5 \\
+Oco & 227.8 & 272.3 & 62.9 & 48.7 & 51.0 \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:4}
+\end{table}
+
+\begin{table}[b]
+\caption{Derived ice cloud radiative properties in the terrestrial spectral
+range}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{\fill}}lccc@{\hspace{0pt}}}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+case & emittance & transmittance & reflectance \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+Jci & 0.386 & 0.656 & 0.054 \\
+Jco & 0.421 & 0.592 & 0.073 \\
+Oci & 0.320 & 0.716 & 0.033 \\
+Oco & 0.359 & 0.658 & 0.044 \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:5}
+\end{table}
+
+As expected, emittances and reflectances increase with increasing particle
+concentration whereas transmittances decrease with increasing particle
+concentrations.
+
+\subsection{Parameterization of advection}
+
+\subsubsection{Method.}
+%
+In our case study an atmospheric segment with vertical boundaries along
+the region of southern Germany is modelled. For simplicity it is called
+in the following an `atmospheric box'. In contrast to modelling on a
+global scale, net fluxes of energy through the lateral boundaries of
+this atmospheric box have to be taken into account. It is assumed that
+the net energy flux which leaves the top of the box as radiation (in the
+considered time period) equals the energy flux which is gained through
+the lateral faces as advection. The profile of advected energy is set
+proportional to the wind profile. The value of the energy flux leaving
+the atmospheric box at the top is taken from ERBE (Earth Radiation
+Budget Experiment) satellite data. This flux is $-59$ and 97\,Wm$^{-2}$
+in the months of July and October, respectively, the minus sign in the
+July case representing an energy gain for the box. More details
+concerning the satellite data are given in Appendix~B. Values for the
+vertical profile of the wind speed are taken from radiosonde data,
+'Munich' station, averaged for the years 1981--1985.
+
+Within the frame of this study, no feedback mechanisms concerning
+advection are taken into consideration.
+
+\subsubsection{Results of regionalization.}
+%
+Figure~\ref{fig:7} shows RCM results for the reference case, i.e. the case
+with climatological values of cirrus cloud cover in July. Two
+temperature profiles are shown: one results from including advection as
+already outlined, whereas the other results from neglecting it. For
+comparison, the climatological July values as derived from radiosonde
+data are shown.
+
+\begin{figure}[b]
+\unitlength0.9cm
+\begin{picture}(8.575,7)
+\framebox(8.575,7){}
+\end{picture}
+\caption{Modelled temperature profiles for July with ({\it solid}) and without
+({\it dashed}) advection compared to radiosonde measurements ({\it triangles})}
+\label{fig:7}
+\end{figure}
+
+Calculated temperatures fit quite well throughout the whole troposphere.
+A small inversion layer is modelled at the surface but not seen in the
+climatology values. This indicates that the Bowen ratio might not be
+representative for this case, however, in this study only temperature
+differences are of interest.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\unitlength0.9cm
+\begin{picture}(8.575,7)
+\framebox(8.575,7){}
+\end{picture}
+\caption{As in Fig.~\ref{fig:1}., but for October conditions}
+\label{fig:8}
+\end{figure}
+
+Figure~\ref{fig:8} shows corresponding temperature profiles for October
+conditions. Noteworthy is the great influence of advection inducing a
+temperature difference of approximately 25\,K throughout the
+troposphere. It is important to note that the uncertainty of the
+satellite data is in the order of 10\,Wm$^{-2}$ which corresponds to an
+uncertainty in the temperature profile in the order of only 3\,K.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Section 4 %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Results and discussion}
+\label{sec:4}
+
+The impact of ice clouds induced by air traffic is estimated by
+comparing the RCM results for an increased high cloud cover with those
+for the reference cases in July and October. It is assumed that the ice
+cloud cover increases at the expense of the uncovered area.
+
+The surface temperature results are shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:9}. An ice
+cloud cover increase due to contrails by 10\% causes surface temperature
+increases of 1.1 and 0.8\,K\, in July and October, respectively.
+Assuming that the increased cloud cover is due to clouds which have
+natural cirrus properties, these values are 1.2 and 0.9\,K,
+respectively. Thus, for both months the increase in high cloud cover due
+to natural cirrus warms the surface more than the increase due to
+contrails. Obviously, the primarily larger shortwave albedo of the
+contrails due to more smaller particles leads to less warming than in
+the case of natural cirrus, even if the emittance of contrails is larger
+than that of natural cirrus. Figure~\ref{fig:9} shows a linear relation
+between cloud cover and surface temperature, because the RCM weights
+flux linearly with cloud cover. Part of the contrails certainly will
+occur over mid- and low-level clouds. Since the RCM does not consider
+overlapping effects of several cloud layers, our values for surface
+warming represent an upper limit.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\unitlength0.9cm
+\begin{picture}(8.575,7)
+\framebox(8.575,7){}
+\end{picture}
+\caption{Increase in surface temperature $\Delta T_{surf} $ in
+dependence on additional ice cloud cover $\eta $ due to contrails and
+cirrus in the case of mean July and October conditions over southern
+Germany. {\it Solid}: July, cirrus; {\it dotted}: July, contrails; {\it
+dashed}: October, cirrus; {\it dash-dotted}: October, contrails}
+\label{fig:9}
+\end{figure}
+
+As a further result the radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere
+with a fixed temperature and humidity profile is obtained. In the July
+case the upward terrestrial flux at the top af the atmosphere is reduced
+by 3.3\,Wm\,$^{-2}$ in the case of a 10\% increase in cirrus cloud
+cover. The corresponding decrease in the solar flux is 0.5\,Wm\,$^{-2}$.
+In the October case, the terrestrial flux is reduced by
+2.6\,Wm\,$^{-2}$, and the solar flux by 0.1\,Wm\,$^{-2}$. The values in
+the contrail cases are slightly lower.
+
+The current cloud cover which is due to contrails and thereby obviously
+due to air traffic is estimated to be in the order of 0.5\% over Europe
+\citep{Ba94}. This increase in cloud cover might be regarded as the
+minimum amount of air traffic induced cloud cover. Therefore it is
+expected that the increases in surface temperature are approximately
+0.06 and 0.05\,K in July and October, respectively.
+
+With regard to the uncertainty in our results, we varied the advection
+term by 10\,Wm$^{-2}$ (that corresponds to an uncertainty of
+10\,Wm$^{-2}$ in the satellite radiation measurement), the resulting
+uncertainty in the surface temperature is about 0.02\,K (change from
+96.75 to 106.75\,Wm$^{-2}$ in the satellite measured net radiative flux
+for the October case). Assuming a doubling of the latent heat flux at
+surface (which is much more than a realistic assumption), the resulting
+uncertainty in the surface temperature is about 0.01\,K (in the October
+case). These values show that these uncertainties have no important
+influence on the results.
+
+In comparison to a corresponding global sensitivity study for the
+climatic effect of an additional contrail cloudiness in the North
+Atlantic region \citep{Po96}, our value for the increase in the surface
+temperature in July is larger (1.2\,K compared to 1\,K). However, in
+this GCM calculation, the ocean temperature was fixed, and so the true
+response of additional cloudiness is slightly underestimated.
+
+The question of the climatic importance is relative: compared to an
+increase in the temperature of 1\,K between the Middle Ages and today,
+our 0.05\,K value is surely not significant. On the other hand, climate
+change is a composite of multiple effects and one should keep air
+traffic in mind as being one of these. Furthermore, our results
+represent equilibrium conditions, and the question of possible effects
+in the non-equilibrium state remains open, e.g. influences in the
+day-to-night differences in temperature.
+
+The results give an idea of how sensitive the regional temperature
+profile reacts on changes in the ice cloud layer which are due to
+changes in cloud cover, radiative properties of the ice clouds and solar
+zenith angle. However, we must keep in mind that our results are based
+on the assumption that the radiation balance on top of the atmosphere is
+fixed to the value that belongs to the undisturbed case and further that
+large-scale advection of energy into the area does not change. In view
+of the small temperature changes induced by the changes in cirrus cloud
+cover, these assumptions are expected to be fulfilled to a first order,
+and our results represent an upper limit of the regional effects of an
+additional cloudiness caused by air traffic. This is also supported by
+the results from a three-dimensional GCM which include feedback
+mechanisms and show the same order of magnitude \citep{Po96}.
+
+\begin{acknowledgement}
+For friendly help concerning the albedo values and discussions on
+aerosol distributions we thank W. Thomas. Concerning ERBE data our
+thanks are given to M. Rieland and K. Standfuss (Meteorologisches
+Institut der Universitaet Hamburg). Last but not least we are very
+grateful to K.N. Liou and S.C. Ou for having made available to us a
+version of their radiative convective model. This work was supported by
+the Bavarian regional climate research programme (BayFORKLIM), which was
+funded by the 'Bayerisches Ministerium fuer Landesentwicklung und
+Umweltfragen'. Their financial support is greatly acknowledged. Topical
+Editor L. Eymard thanks P. Hignett and S. Kinne for their help in
+evaluating this paper.
+\end{acknowledgement}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Correct space for this article! %%
+\vspace{-5pt} %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{table}[b]
+\caption[]{Spectral resolution in the solar spectral range}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{10pt}}cc@{\hspace{0pt}}}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+interval number & wavelength range \\
+& $\mu$m \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+1 & 0.20 -- 0.30 \\
+2 & 0.30 -- 0.35 \\
+3 & 0.35 -- 0.40 \\
+4 & 0.40 -- 0.45 \\
+5 & 0.45 -- 0.50 \\
+6 & 0.50 -- 0.55 \\
+7 & 0.55 -- 0.60 \\
+8 & 0.60 -- 0.80 \\
+9 & 0.80 -- 0.90 \\
+10 & 0.90 -- 1.00 \\
+11 & 1.00 -- 1.20 \\
+12 & 1.20 -- 1.60 \\
+13 & 1.60 -- 2.20 \\
+14 & 2.20 -- 3.00 \\
+15 & 3.00 -- 3.40 \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:6}
+\end{table}
+
+\begin{appendix}
+
+\section*{Appendix A}
+\label{sec:a}
+
+\subsection*{Tables indicating RTM calculations}
+
+These tables, referred to in the text, are put in an Appendix for
+reasons of clarity and readability.
+
+\begin{table}
+\caption[]{Optical parameters of cirrus and contrail used in the solar
+region. Symbols without a hat denote cirrus parameters, symbols with a
+hat denote contrail parameters}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{-.8pt}}ccccccc@{\hspace{0pt}}}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+$\lambda$& $C$ & $\hat{C}$ & $g$ & $\hat{g}$ & $\omega $ & $\hat{\omega}$ \\
+$\mu$m & m$^{-1}cm^3$ & m$^{-1}cm^3$ & & & & \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+0.423 & 2.25$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 1.99$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.752 & 0.746 & 1.000 & 1.000 \\
+0.550 & 2.25$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 1.99$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.757 & 0.751 & 1.000 & 1.000 \\
+0.635 & 2.25$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 1.99$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.760 & 0.753 & 1.000 & 1.000 \\
+0.780 & 2.26$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 1.99$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.762 & 0.755 & 1.000 & 1.000 \\
+0.830 & 2.26$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 1.99$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.762 & 0.754 & 1.000 & 1.000 \\
+0.015 & 2.26$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 1.99$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.764 & 0.756 & 0.999 & 1.000 \\
+1.100 & 2.26$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 1.99$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.766 & 0.759 & 0.999 & 1.000 \\
+1.200 & 2.26$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 1.99$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.768 & 0.761 & 0.998 & 0.999 \\
+1.400 & 2.26$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 2.00$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.771 & 0.764 & 0.995 & 0.997 \\
+1.449 & 2.29$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 2.02$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.789 & 0.778 & 0.943 & 0.959 \\
+1.504 & 2.32$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 2.03$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.804 & 0.792 & 0.900 & 0.924 \\
+1.615 & 2.30$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 2.02$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.791 & 0.779 & 0.939 & 0.956 \\
+1.850 & 2.27$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 2.00$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.785 & 0.777 & 0.985 & 0.990 \\
+1.905 & 2.31$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 2.03$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.803 & 0.793 & 0.930 & 0.950 \\
+2.000 & 2.37$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 2.07$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.831 & 0.819 & 0.844 & 0.874 \\
+2.190 & 2.30$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 2.02$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.807 & 0.798 & 0.959 & 0.972 \\
+2.600 & 2.35$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 2.06$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.867 & 0.859 & 0.910 & 0.933 \\
+3.077 & 2.59$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 2.28$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.941 & 0.938 & 0.534 & 0.534 \\
+3.413 & 2.52$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 2.21$\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.878 & 0.869 & 0.606 & 0.614 \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:7}
+\end{table}
+
+\begin{table}
+\caption[]{Optical parameters of cirrus and contrail cloud models in the
+terrestrial region. Symbols without a hat denote cirrus parameters,
+symbols with a hat denote contrail parameters}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{\fill}}ccccccc@{\hspace{0pt}}}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+$\lambda$& $\sigma$ & $\hat{\sigma}$ & $g$ & $\hat{g}$ & $\omega $ & $\hat{\omega}$ \\
+$\mu$m & km$^{-1}$ & km$^{-1}$ &-&-&-&-\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\phantom{1}4.08 &0.1623 &0.2553 &0.830 &0.820 &0.748 &0.769 \\
+\phantom{1}4.26 &0.1728 &0.2715 &0.852 &0.844 &0.727 &0.746 \\
+\phantom{1}4.40 &0.1696 &0.2669 &0.875 &0.868 &0.693 &0.709 \\
+\phantom{1}4.49 &0.1783 &0.2813 &0.880 &0.874 &0.676 &0.690 \\
+\phantom{1}4.65 &0.1732 &0.2722 &0.874 &0.867 &0.701 &0.718 \\
+\phantom{1}4.88 &0.1938 &0.3082 &0.863 &0.857 &0.783 &0.804 \\
+\phantom{1}5.13 &0.1895 &0.3010 &0.871 &0.866 &0.791 &0.813 \\
+\phantom{1}5.41 &0.1951 &0.3091 &0.886 &0.881 &0.764 &0.785 \\
+\phantom{1}5.71 &0.1748 &0.2768 &0.909 &0.905 &0.684 &0.698 \\
+\phantom{1}6.06 &0.1727 &0.2742 &0.918 &0.914 &0.608 &0.615 \\
+\phantom{1}6.45 &0.1742 &0.2763 &0.904 &0.899 &0.638 &0.648 \\
+\phantom{1}6.90 &0.1639 &0.2574 &0.904 &0.898 &0.634 &0.645 \\
+\phantom{1}7.41 &0.1670 &0.2618 &0.896 &0.889 &0.649 &0.661 \\
+\phantom{1}8.00 &0.1628 &0.2557 &0.891 &0.884 &0.669 &0.683 \\
+\phantom{1}8.70 &0.1485 &0.2300 &0.897 &0.890 &0.671 &0.688 \\
+\phantom{1}9.30 &0.1429 &0.2197 &0.902 &0.894 &0.639 &0.654 \\
+\phantom{1}9.76 &0.1266 &0.2927 &0.913 &0.905 &0.612 &0.625 \\
+10.53 &0.1048 &0.2541 &0.947 &0.938 &0.426 &0.412 \\
+11.76 &0.1399 &0.2138 &0.883 &0.871 &0.441 &0.429 \\
+12.90 &0.1597 &0.2496 &0.846 &0.835 &0.468 &0.460 \\
+13.79 &0.1570 &0.2429 &0.841 &0.829 &0.500 &0.495 \\
+14.81 &0.1845 &0.2889 &0.804 &0.790 &0.547 &0.548 \\
+16.00 &0.1686 &0.2627 &0.798 &0.783 &0.580 &0.586 \\
+18.18 &0.1449 &0.2188 &0.768 &0.747 &0.629 &0.644 \\
+22.22 &0.1193 &0.1747 &0.752 &0.729 &0.732 &0.763 \\
+28.57 &0.0902 &0.1232 &0.793 &0.763 &0.605 &0.631 \\
+40.00 &0.0829 &0.1148 &0.847 &0.811 &0.350 &0.314 \\
+66.67 &0.1107 &0.1511 &0.684 &0.621 &0.406 &0.380 \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:8}
+\end{table}
+
+\section*{Appendix B}
+\label{sec:b}
+
+\subsection*{Input parameters for the radiative convective model and the
+matrix operator model}
+
+This appendix summarizes the input parameters describing atmospheric
+conditions for the RCM as well as for the matrix operator model in the
+cases of both months studied, July and October.
+
+Tables~\ref{tab:9} and~\ref{tab:10} list the input parameters concerning
+the atmospheric conditions in the case of July and October, respectively
+from radiosonde data. Temperatures are used as starting point for the
+RCM calculations and data for modelling the optical properties of the
+cirrus cloud layer. The data are taken from radiosonde measurements
+averaged over the years 1981 to 1985, DWD (Deutscher Wetterdienst)
+station Munich, except the humidity values in 100 and 150\,hPa, which
+are averages from 1987 to 1989 due to lack of corresponding values in
+the mentioned time-period.
+
+\begin{table}[b]
+\caption[]{Radiosonde values over southern Germany in the month of July,
+averages from 1981 to 1985}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{\fill}}ccccc@{\hspace{0pt}}}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+height & pressure & temperature & air density &
+humidity \\ km & hPa & K & g\,cm$^{-3}$ & \% \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+31.85 & \phantom{1}10 & 233.6 & 14.91 & \\
+27.13 & \phantom{1}20 & 227.4 & 30.64 & \\
+24.43 & \phantom{1}30 & 223.9 & 46.68 & \\
+21.09 & \phantom{1}50 & 220.4 & 79.03 & \\
+18.91 & \phantom{1}70 & 218.5 & 111.6 & \\
+16.62 & 100 & 218.1 & 159.7 & 19.5 \\
+14.01 & 150 & 220.0 & 237.5 & 20.6 \\
+12.15 & 200 & 220.1 & 316.5 & 40.3 \\
+10.70 & 250 & 224.2 & 388.4 & 44.5 \\
+\phantom{1}9.47 & 300 & 232.5 & 449.5 & 44.4 \\
+\phantom{1}7.44 & 400 & 248.1 & 561.5 & 42.9 \\
+\phantom{1}5.78 & 500 & 259.7 & 670.2 & 44.2 \\
+\phantom{1}3.13 & 700 & 275.5 & 883.1 & 58.5 \\
+\phantom{1}1.54 & 850 & 285.2 & 1033.8 & 67.6\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:9}
+\end{table}
+
+\begin{table}[b]
+\caption[]{Radiosonde values over southern Germany in the month of
+October, averages from 1981 to 1985}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{\fill}}ccccc@{\hspace{0pt}}}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+height & pressure & temperature & air density & humidity \\
+km & hPa & K & g\,cm$^{-3}$ & \% \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+31.01 & \phantom{1}10 & 222.5 & 15.66 & \\
+26.50 & \phantom{1}20 & 218.2 & 31.93 & \\
+23.91 & \phantom{1}30 & 216.0 & 48.38 & \\
+20.67 & \phantom{1}50 & 214.3 & 81.28 & \\
+18.55 & \phantom{1}70 & 213.9 & 114.0 & \\
+16.30 & 100 & 213.4 & 163.2 & 18.9 \\
+13.75 & 150 & 213.8 & 244.4 & 20.8 \\
+11.94 & 200 & 215.2 & 323.8 & 33.2 \\
+10.52 & 250 & 220.8 & 394.4 & 35.2 \\
+\phantom{1}9.31 & 300 & 228.7 & 457.0 & 37.6 \\
+\phantom{1}7.32 & 400 & 243.9 & 571.3 & 34.1 \\
+\phantom{1}5.68 & 500 & 255.7 & 681.2 & 35.7 \\
+\phantom{1}3.08 & 700 & 271.2 & 899.2 & 46.3 \\
+\phantom{1}1.51 & 850 & 279.5 & 1059. & 56.1 \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:10}
+\end{table}
+
+Humidity values above 100\,hPa as well as all other values above 10\,hPa
+are taken from McClatchey et al. (1972), mid-latitude summer atmosphere,
+1962 and US standard atmosphere for July and October, respectively.
+Surface values are 1981 to 1985 averages from the `Europaeischer
+Wetterbericht' \citep{DWD}, and ozone data are from DWD station
+Hohenpeissenberg (also 1981 to 1985).
+
+\subsection*{Cloud cover and liquid water path}
+
+Cloud cover values are taken from \citet{Wa88}. Values are based on
+ground observation averages between 1971 and 1981. Spatial resolution of
+these data is $5^{\circ} \times 5^{\circ}$, temporal resolution is 3
+months. The following classification is used: Cu, Cb, St, Ns, As, Ac,
+and Ci. To get cloud cover values for the three cloud layers in the RCM,
+Cu, Cb, St, Ns are chosen to give the low cloud cover, Cb, Ns, As, Ac to
+give the mid-level cloud cover and Ci to give the high cloud cover,
+following a procedure used by Liou in the original version of the RCM
+\citep{Li85}. This leads to cloud cover values 0.31, 0.21, 0.07 and 0.41
+for low, middle, high clouds and clear sky, respectively in the month of
+July. The corresponding values for October are 0.56, 0.34, 0.16 and
+0.59, respectively.
+
+The RCM is unable to calculate interactions between clouds. Therefore,
+the radiative flux computations are performed for different atmospheres
+containing one cloud layer each for low, middle and high clouds and one
+clear atmosphere are calculated separately and radiation fluxes are
+weighted afterwards with the corresponding cloud-cover values. For this
+reason, the cloud-cover values given are compacted in the RCM. This is
+done by multiplication with a constant factor (less than 1) in the way
+that the sum of the cloud cover and the clear sky fraction add up to 1.
+Note, however, that the interaction between a single cloud layer and the
+surface is taken into consideration.
+
+The liquid water path value of low clouds is taken from \citet{Li83} as
+60.411\,g\,m$^{-2}$, that for mid-level clouds to 54.06\,g\,m$^{-2}$ in
+the present study. The ice water path for cirrus cloud is assumed to be
+2.908\,g\,m$^{-2}$ according to measurements of \citet{He84}.
+
+\subsection*{Surface albedo}
+
+The surface solar albedo values are taken from \citet{Ko92}. These
+values are based on satellite measurements. In the case of October,
+values from 10:00, 13:00 and 16:00 local time are available,
+corresponding to sun elevations of 26.87$^{\circ}$, 31.06$^{\circ}$ and
+12.29$^{\circ}$, respectively. Interpolation to 20.22$^{\circ}$
+elevation angle which is used in the RCM leads to an albedo of 11.3\%.
+This value is used for the October calculations.
+
+In the case of July, only the 13:00 local time value was available. This
+value is 15.6\%. Due to the fact that the albedo has a minimum value at
+the time of the highest sun elevation angles, an albedo value slightly
+higher than this value was chosen as representative in the July
+calculations. The value was estimated to be 17\% (W. Thomas, personal
+communication).
+
+\subsection*{Aerosol data}
+
+Aerosol data are chosen to represent continental conditions for both
+months studied, July and October (M. Hess and P. Koepke, personal
+communication). Table~\ref{tab:11} shows the assumed aerosol components
+and particle numbers. These values are valid for sea level. The dependence
+on altitude is modeled after
+\begin{equation}
+n(h) = n(0)exp(-h/Z),
+\label{eq:2}
+\end{equation}
+where $n$ denotes the particle number, $h$ the altitude and $Z$ a reference
+altitude which is 8\,km. For more details, including refractive indices,
+see \citet{WM83}.
+
+\begin{table}
+\caption[]{Aerosol conditions used for calculations}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{\fill}}llll@{\hspace{0pt}}}
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+height & aerosol type & number & mode radius \\
+km & & cm$^{-3}$ & $\mu$m \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+- 2 & water soluble (70\%)& 7000 & 0.0285 \\
+& insoluble & 0.4 & 0.471 \\
+& soot & 8300 & 0.0118 \\
+2-12 & water soluble (50\%)& 438 & 0.0262 \\
+& insoluble & 1.24$\cdot 10^{-3}$ & 0.471 \\
+& soot & 292 & 0.0118 \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:11}
+\end{table}
+
+\subsection*{Satellite data used for parameterization of advection}
+
+Satellite data are taken from ERBE (Earth Radiation Budget Experiment)
+via the `Meteorologisches Institut der Universitaet Hamburg'. Spatial
+resolution of these data is $2.5^{\circ} \times 2.5^{\circ}$. The data
+are taken from 47.5$^{\circ}$ to 50.0$^{\circ}$N and 10.0$^{\circ}$ to
+12.5$^{\circ}$E and cover quite accurately the area of Bavaria, southern
+Germany. In the case of July, a 5-year average of monthly averaged net
+fluxes (top of atmosphere) is used (1985--1989). Values are 68.75,
+55.96, 54.63, 61.94 and 51.80\,Wm$^{-2}$ for the 5 months, respectively.
+The mean value used is 58.62\,Wm$^{-2}$. For October, corresponding data
+from 2 years 1985 and 1986 are used. Values are $-99.00$\,Wm and
+$-94.50$\,Wm$^{-2}$, respectively, and the mean value
+$-96.75$\,Wm$^{-2}$ is used.
+
+\subsection*{Bowen ratio data}
+
+The relation ship between surface fluxes of sensible and latent heat
+strongly dominates the temperature profile near surface. Values were
+taken from \citet{Be69}. These values were measured in 1964 on the area
+of a meteorological research station of the University of Munich,
+Germany, located in the surroundings of the city. It is not clear how
+representative they are these values are for whole southern Germany and
+how representative they are for a monthly mean averaged over many years.
+However, due to lack of better data these values, given in Table~\ref{tab:12}
+are used in the calculations.
+
+\begin{table}[t]
+\caption[]{Bowen ratios for July and October, southern Germany used in
+the calculations}
+\begin{tabular*}{84.22mm}{@{\hspace{0pt}\extracolsep{10pt}}cc@{\hspace{0pt}}}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+month & sensible heat / latent heat \\
+& $\rm Wm\it^{-2} /\rm Wm\it^{-2} $ \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+July & 24 / 130 \\
+October & 9 / 31 \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:12}
+\end{table}
+
+\end{appendix}
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
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+
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/natbib.dtx b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/natbib.dtx
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@@ -0,0 +1,3221 @@
+% \iffalse THIS IS A META-COMMENT
+%<*dtx>
+\ProvidesFile
+%========================================================================
+ {NATBIB.DTX}
+%========================================================================
+%</dtx>
+% This is a LaTeX package to modify \cite and \thebibliography for author-year
+% systems of bibliographic citation; will also work with
+% numerical systems, allowing simplified style changes for them too.
+% Installation:
+% LaTeX this file: creates docstrip installation file natbib.ins
+% AND the (LaTeX2e) documentation
+% (La)TeX natbib.ins: creates package file natbib.sty
+% and optionally the LaTeX 2.09 style natbib209.sty
+% and doc driver natbib.drv
+% (natbib.ins may be edited as needed)
+% Docstrip options available:
+% package - to produce a (LaTeX2e) package .sty file
+% driver - to produce a driver file to print the documentation
+% 209 - (with package) for style file that runs under LaTeX 2.09
+% subpack - (with package) for coding included in other packages
+% all - (with package) to include all author-year systems
+% else individually with:
+% apalike, newapa, chicago, harvard, authordate, astron
+% agu - (with package,subpack) for inclusion in aguplus package
+% egs- (with package,subpack) for inclusion in egs package
+% nopreonly - allows \citestyle and \bibpunct to be used anywhere
+%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%<*!subpack>
+%<package&209>\def\ProvidesPackage#1#2]
+%<package&209> {\typeout{Style option `#1'#2]}}
+%
+% *** Identify the package file:-
+%<package&!209>\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1994/06/01]
+%<package>\ProvidesPackage{natbib}
+%</!subpack>
+%
+% *** Provide command to dislay module version
+%<package&subpack>\def\ModuleVersion#1[#2]{}
+%<package&subpack> \ModuleVersion{natbib}
+%
+% *** Identify the driver file:-
+%<driver>\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+%<driver>\ProvidesFile{natbib.drv}
+%
+% *** The DATE, VERSION, and other INFO
+%\fi
+%\ProvidesFile{natbib}
+ [1997/02/05 6.5 (PWD)]
+%\iffalse
+%<*package>
+%<*!subpack>
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% NOTICE:
+%% This file may be used for non-profit purposes.
+%% It may not be distributed in exchange for money,
+%% other than distribution costs.
+%%
+%% The author provides it `as is' and does not guarantee it in any way.
+%%
+%</!subpack>
+%</package>
+%% Natbib coding copyright (C) 1994--1997 Patrick W. Daly
+%<*package>
+%<*!subpack>
+%% Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Aeronomie
+%% Postfach 20
+%% D-37189 Katlenburg-Lindau
+%% Germany
+%%
+%% E-mail:
+%% Internet-- daly@linmpi.dnet.gwdg.de
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------
+%</!subpack>
+%</package>
+% END META-COMMENT \fi
+% \changes{4.0}{1993 Aug 19}{First documented release}
+% \changes{4.1}{1993 Oct 4}{Simplification of \cs{@citeapalk}}
+% \changes{4.1a}{1993 Oct 14}{Add \texttt{rev} option for reversed comments
+% in \cs{cite}}
+% \changes{4.1b}{1993 Oct 18}{Add \cs{bibfont} to list definition =\cs{relax}}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Add coding for AGU, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Nov 20}{Add more coding for AGU}
+% \changes{4.3a}{1994 Feb 24}{First additions for \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Revised for \LaTeXe{} and 2.09}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Remove obsolete JGR, GRL coding}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add \cs{citeauthor}, \cs{citeyear}}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Two optional texts for \cs{cite} so \texttt{rev}
+% option obsolete}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{\LaTeXe\ options to select punctuation}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Conform to first official release of \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Separate \LaTeX\ and 2.09 files}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Put doc driver first}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Fix up 2.09 style to run in compatibility mode}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{\cs{citeauthor}, \cs{citeyear} make BibTeX
+% entry in aux file}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{\cs{@citex} defined as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Local config file \texttt{natbib.cfg} read in}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add \cs{citefullauthor}, options \texttt{angle},
+% \texttt{curly}}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Add star version of \cs{cite} for full authors}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 26}{Fix accents in citations with proper definition
+% of \cs{protect}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add space in \cs{@citex} for text cites}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Replace \cs{if@tempswa} by \cs{ifNAT@swa}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add superscript citation type to \cs{bibpunct}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add \cs{@citesuper}, fix up bugs in superscripts}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Define \cs{@citexnum} as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 03}{Add \cs{citestyle} same as \cs{bibstyle}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 08}{For repeated years and authors, print just letter}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add \cs{bibhang} and command space in
+% \cs{@cite}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 16}{Add \cs{citealt} for citation with no
+% parentheses}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Reorganize internal commands, using \cs{NAT@}
+% prefixes}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Punctuation selection commands \cs{bibpunct},
+% \cs{citestyle} are now preamble only, whereas previously they had to
+% come after the preamble}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Change names of punctuation commands to
+% \cs{NAT@...}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Allow numerical styles with author-year
+% \texttt{bst} files}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add automatic indexing of citations}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 29}{Accommodate \texttt{index} package}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Fixed for \LaTeXe\ \texttt{1995/12/01}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Make more robust against changes to internals}
+% \changes{6.1a}{1995 Dec 19}{Fix test for changed citations}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 10}{Replace all \cs{uppercase}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 11}{Add \cs{citet}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Feb 2}{Fix superscript size}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Mar 05}{Add length \cs{bibsep} for linespacing between
+% references}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Apr 15}{Fix clash with \texttt{amsart} and
+% \texttt{amsbook}}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 10}{Allow \texttt{showkeys} to be loaded first}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 17}{Fix punctuation for \texttt{plainnat}}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 17}{Suppress extra labels with numericals}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 18}{Provide \cs{bibname} and \cs{refname}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 27}{Change \texttt{nlinproc} option to \texttt{egs}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Make compatible with \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Fix spacing for superscripts}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Extra letter printed with \cs{citeyear}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 13}{Add compression and sorting of numerical citations}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Make compatible with \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1996 Dec 11}{KOMA script compatibility}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 10}{For EGS, no blank line between references}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Recode notes so they work with \cs{citet} and
+% \cs{citep}; change documentation to stress these commands over \cs{cite}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Feb 5}{Fix KOMA script properly}
+%
+% \CheckSum{1706}
+% \CharacterTable
+% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*install>
+%^^A =============================================
+%^^A Here is the docstrip installation file
+%^^A It is written on first LaTeX run
+%^^A =============================================
+\begin{filecontents}{natbib.ins}
+% Simply TeX or LaTeX this file to extract various files from
+% the source file `natbib.dtx'
+% Comment out the \generateFile lines for any files you do not want.
+
+\def\batchfile{natbib.ins}
+\input docstrip
+
+\preamble
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+<<<<< End of decommented file <<<<<<
+\endpostamble
+\keepsilent
+
+\generateFile{natbib.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the LaTeX 2.09 version of the package.
+It will not be maintained forever.
+Please upgrade to LaTeX2e so that you may use the proper package.
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+
+% Activate the next line to get a version for running under LaTeX 2.09
+%\generateFile{natbib209.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all,209}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the driver file to produce the LaTeX documentation from the
+source file \inFileName.
+Make changes to it as needed. (Never change the \inFileName file!)
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+
+End of documentation driver file.
+\endpostamble
+
+% Activate the next line for a documentation driver
+% that you can configure yourself.
+%\generateFile{natbib.drv}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{driver}}
+
+\obeyspaces
+\Msg{*******************************************}%
+\Msg{* For documentation, process natbib.dtx *}%
+\Msg{* or the driver file natbib.drv *}%
+\Msg{* (LaTeX2e only!) *}%
+\Msg{*******************************************}
+\end{filecontents}
+%</install>
+%<*driver>
+\documentclass{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[twoside]{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[a4paper]{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[twoside,a4paper]{ltxdoc}
+\raggedbottom
+
+ %** To include the detailed explanation of the coding, comment out
+ %** the next line
+\OnlyDescription
+
+ %** To produce a command index: add the following line for one run,
+ %** then run makeindex -s gind.ist natbib
+ %** and reprocess, with or without this line (much faster without)
+%<driver>% \EnableCrossrefs\CodelineIndex
+
+ %** To produce a change history: add the following line for one run,
+ %** then run makeindex -s gglo.ist -o natbib.gls natbib.glo
+ %** and reprocess, with or without this line (faster without)
+%<driver>% \RecordChanges
+
+\DisableCrossrefs %May stay; zapped by \EnableCrossrefs
+\CodelineNumbered %May stay
+
+\begin{document}
+ \DocInput{natbib.dtx}
+\end{document}
+%</driver>
+%\fi
+%
+% \DoNotIndex{\begin,\CodelineIndex,\CodelineNumbered,\def,\DisableCrossrefs}
+% \DoNotIndex{\DocInput,\documentclass,\EnableCrossrefs,\end,\GetFileInfo}
+% \DoNotIndex{\NeedsTeXFormat,\OnlyDescription,\RecordChanges,\usepackage}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ProvidesClass,\ProvidesPackage,\ProvidesFile,\RequirePackage}
+% \DoNotIndex{\LoadClass,\PassOptionsToClass,\PassOptionsToPackage}
+% \DoNotIndex{\DeclareOption,\CurrentOption,\ProcessOptions,\ExecuteOptions}
+% \DoNotIndex{\AtEndOfClass,\AtEndOfPackage,\AtBeginDocument,\AtEndDocument}
+% \DoNotIndex{\InputIfFileExists,\IfFileExists,\ClassError,\PackageError}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ClassWarning,\PackageWarning,\ClassWarningNoLine}
+% \DoNotIndex{\PackageWarningNoLine,\ClassInfo,\PackageInfo,\MessageBreak}
+% \DoNotIndex{\space,\protect,\DeclareRobustCommand,\CheckCommand}
+% \DoNotIndex{\newcommand,\renewcommand,\providecommand,\newenvironment}
+% \DoNotIndex{\renewenvironment,\newif,\newlength,\newcounter,\setlength}
+% \DoNotIndex{\setcounter,\if,\ifx,\ifcase,\ifnum,\ifdim,\else,\fi}
+% \DoNotIndex{\texttt,\textbf,\textrm,\textsl,\textsc,\reset@font}
+% \DoNotIndex{\textup,\textit,\textmd,\textsf,\emph,\futurelet}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ttfamily,\rmfamily,\sffamily,\mdseries,\bfseries,\upshape}
+% \DoNotIndex{\slshape,\scshape,\itshape,\em,\LaTeX,\LaTeXe}
+% \DoNotIndex{\filename,\fileversion,\filedate,\let,\makeindex}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@auxout,\@for,\@gobble,\@ifnextchar,\@m,\@mkboth,\@nil}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@noitemerr,\@tempa,\@tempswafalse,\@tempswatrue,\@warning}
+% \DoNotIndex{\advance,\arabic,\AtBeginDocument,\bf,\bibname,\chapter}
+% \DoNotIndex{\citation,\clubpenalty,\CodelineNumbered,\csname}
+% \DoNotIndex{\DisableCrossrefs,\do,\edef,\else,\endcsname,\endlist}
+% \DoNotIndex{\expandafter,\fi,\gdef,\global,\hbox,\hfill,\hskip,\hspace}
+% \DoNotIndex{\if,\if@filesw,\if@tempswa,\ifx,\immediate,\itemindent,\labelsep}
+% \DoNotIndex{\labelwidth,\lastskip,\leftmargin,\list,\mbox,\newblock}
+% \DoNotIndex{\newpage,\p@enumiv,\parindent,\penalty,\refname}
+% \DoNotIndex{\relax,\section,\settowidth,\sfcode,\sloppy,\small,\string}
+% \DoNotIndex{\theenumiv,\thepage,\unskip,\uppercase,\usecounter,\vskip}
+% \DoNotIndex{\widowpenalty,\write,\xdef,\z@,\catcode,\ifnum,\the}
+% \DoNotIndex{\.,\@empty,\@ifundefined,\@latex@warning,\@minus,\@plus,\ }
+% \DoNotIndex{\document,\@namedef,\@listi}
+% \DoNotIndex{\listparindent,\noexpand,\par,\parsep,\pb,\pbf,\pbfseries}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pc,\pd,\pem,\pit,\pitshape,\pmdseries,\prm,\prmfamily,\psc}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pscshape,\psf,\psffamily,\psl,\pslshape,\ptt,\pttfamily}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pupshape,\@iden,\@firstofone,\@unexpandable@protect}
+% \DoNotIndex{\&,\{,\},\bibitem,\bibindent,\if@draft,\typeout}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@ifclassloaded,\@ifstar,\@onlypreamble,\@preamblecmds}
+% \DoNotIndex{\addtolength,\endinput,\@bsphack,\begingroup,\@wrindex}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@listctr,\bibname,\enddocument,\hfil,\ignorespaces,\item}
+% \DoNotIndex{\NAT@temp,\refname,\stepcounter,\@ifpackageloaded}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@gobbletwo,\index,\itemsep,\markright,\scriptsize}
+% \DoNotIndex{\textsuperscript}
+%
+% \setcounter{IndexColumns}{2}
+% \setlength{\IndexMin}{10cm}
+% \setcounter{StandardModuleDepth}{1}
+%
+% \hyphenation{par-en-the-ti-cal}
+%
+% \GetFileInfo{natbib}
+%
+% \title{{\bfseries Natural Sciences Citations and References}\\
+% (Author--Year and Numerical Schemes)}
+%
+% \author{Patrick W. Daly}
+%
+% \date{This paper describes package \texttt{\filename}\\
+% version \fileversion{} from \filedate\\[1ex]
+%^^A \textsl{It is part of the \texttt{preprint} collection of packages}\\
+% \textbf{It is intended for \LaTeXe}
+% \\ (but does include a variant for \LaTeX~2.09)
+% }
+%
+% \maketitle
+%
+% \pagestyle{myheadings}
+% \markboth{P. W. Daly}{NATURAL SCIENCES CITATIONS AND REFERENCES}
+%
+% \newcommand{\btx}{\textsc{Bib}\TeX}
+% \newcommand{\thestyle}{\texttt{\filename}}
+%
+%^^A In order to keep all marginal notes on the one (left) side:
+%^^A (otherwise they switch sides disasterously with twoside option)
+% \makeatletter \@mparswitchfalse \makeatother
+%
+% \begin{abstract}
+% Journals in the natural sciences tend to use the author--year style of
+% literature citations, in contrast to the numerical style supported by
+% \LaTeX{} and \btx. A number of contributed packages exist to accommodate this
+% citation mode, but each one is tailored to a limited number of \btx\ style
+% (\texttt{.bst} files. The reason is that each one reads in the author--year
+% information in different formats for the |\bibitem| commands.
+% In contrast,
+% the \thestyle{} package supports not only the various author--year
+% bibliography styles, but also those for standard numerical citations. In
+% fact, it can also produce numerical citations even with an author--year
+% bibliographic style, something that permits easy switching between the
+% two citation modes. To this end, replacements for the standard
+% \LaTeX\ \texttt{.bst} files are also provided.
+%
+% It is possible to define the citation \emph{style} (type of brackets and
+% punctuation between citations) and even to associate it with the name of the
+% bibliographic style so that it is automatically activated. Citation styles
+% can be defined for local \texttt{.bst} files by means of a configuration file
+% \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}.
+%
+% It is compatible with the packages: \texttt{index}, \texttt{showkeys},
+% \texttt{chapterbib}, \texttt{hyperref},
+% and with the classes \texttt{amsbook} and
+% \texttt{amsart}. It can also emulate the sorting and compressing
+% functions of the \texttt{cite} package (with which it is otherwise
+% incompatible).
+%
+% The \thestyle\ package therefore acts as a single, flexible interface for
+% most of the available bibliographic styles.
+%
+% \end{abstract}
+%
+% \section{Introduction}
+% The first problem of using author--year literature citations with standard
+% \LaTeX{} is that the two forms of citations are not supported. These are:
+% \begin{quote}
+% textual: \dots\ as shown by Jones et al. (1990) \dots\\
+% parenthetical: It has been shown (Jones et al., 1990) that \dots
+% \end{quote}
+% There is only one |\cite| command to do both jobs.
+%
+% A second problem is that the \texttt{thebibliography} environment for
+% listing the references insists on including the {\em labels\/} in the
+% list. These labels are normally the numbers, needed for referencing. In
+% the author--year system, they are superfluous and should be left off.
+% Thus, if one were to make up a bibliography with the author--year as
+% label, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{verbatim}
+% \begin{thebibliography}{...}
+% \bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{jon90}
+% Jones, P. K., . . .
+% \end{thebibliography}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \end{quote}
+% then |\cite{jon90}| produces the parenthetical citation [Jones et al.,
+% 1990], but there is no way to get the textual citation. Furthermore,
+% the citation text will also be included in the list of references.
+%
+% The final problem is to find a \btx{} bibliography style that will be
+% suitable.
+%
+% \section{Previous Solutions}
+% \begin{quote}\slshape
+% This section may not be of interest to all users. To find out how to use
+% \thestyle\ without reading about the historical background, go to
+% Section~\ref{sec:usage}.
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% Although the author--year citation mode is not supported by
+% \emph{standard} \LaTeX, there are a number of contributed packages that
+% try to solve this problem. The various bibliographic styles
+% (\texttt{.bst} files) that exist are usually tailored to be used with a
+% particular \LaTeX{} package.
+%
+% I have found a large number of \texttt{.bst} files on file servers that may
+% act as indicators of the various systems available.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{natsci.bst} Style}
+% What gave me my first inspiration was Stephen Gildea's \texttt{natsci.bst}
+% for use with his \texttt{agujgr.sty} file. This showed me that the problem
+% was solvable. However, Gildea's style formats |\bibitem| just as I
+% illustrated above: with an optional label consisting of abbreviated
+% authors and year. Thus only parenthetical citations can be accommodated.
+% The list of references, however, is fixed up in his style files.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{apalike.bst} Style}
+% Oren Patashnik, the originator of \btx{} and the standard \texttt{.bst}
+% files, has also worked on an author--year style, called \texttt{apalike.bst}
+% with a corresponding \texttt{apalike.sty} to support it. Again, only the
+% parenthetical citation is provided. Except for the fact that his style
+% works with version~0.99 of \btx, its functionality is identical to that
+% of the \texttt{natsci} files.
+%
+% Patashnik does not like author--year citations. He makes this very clear
+% in his \btx{} manuals and in the header to \texttt{apalike.bst}.
+% Nevertheless, one should respect his work in this area, simply because he
+% should be the best expert on matters of \btx. Thus \texttt{apalike.bst}
+% could be the basis for other styles.
+%
+% The form of the \texttt{thebibliography} entries in this system is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% the same as I illustrated earlier. This is the most minimal form that can
+% be given. I name it the \texttt{apalike} variant, after Patashnik's
+% \texttt{apalike.bst} and \texttt{apalike.sty}. However, there could be many
+% independent \texttt{.bst} files that follow this line.
+%
+% The bibliography style files belonging to this group include:
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{apalike}, \texttt{apalike2}, \texttt{cea}, \texttt{cell},
+% \texttt{jmb}, \texttt{phapalik}, \texttt{phppcf}, \texttt{phrmp}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{newapa} Style}
+% A major improvement has been achieved with \texttt{newapa.bst} and the
+% accompanying \texttt{newapa.sty} files by Stephen N. Spencer and Young U.
+% Ryu. Under their system, three separate items of information are included
+% in the |\bibitem| label, to be used as required. These are: the full
+% author list, the abbreviated list, and the year. This is accomplished by
+% means of a |\citeauthoryear| command included in the label, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones, Barker,|\\
+% | and Williams}{Jones et al.}{1990}]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% Actually, this only illustrates the basic structure of |\citeauthoryear|;
+% the \texttt{newapa} files go even further to replace some words and
+% punctuation
+% with commands. For example, the word `and' above is really
+% |\betweenauthors|, something that must be defined in the \texttt{.sty} file.
+% Of course, |\citeauthoryear| is also defined in that file. A
+% number of different |\cite| commands are available to print out the
+% citation with complete author list, with the short list, with or without
+% the date, the textual or parenthetical form.
+%
+% Thus the |\citeauthoryear| entry in |\bibitem| is very flexible,
+% permitting the style file to generate every citation form that one might
+% want. It is used by a number of other styles, with corresponding
+% \texttt{.sty} files. They all appear to have been inspired by
+% \texttt{newapa.bst}, although they lack the extra punctuation commands.
+%
+% Bibliographic style files belonging to the \texttt{newapa} group include
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{newapa}, \texttt{chicago}, \texttt{chicagoa}, \texttt{jas99},
+% \texttt{named}
+% \end{quote}
+% Note: the last of these, \texttt{named.bst}, uses |\citeauthoryear| in a
+% slightly different manner, with only two arguments: the short list and
+% year.
+%
+% \subsection{The Harvard Family}
+% The same effect is achieved by a different approach in the Harvard family
+% of bibliographic styles. Here a substitute for |\bibitem| is used, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\harvarditem[Jones et al.]{Jones, Baker, and|\\
+% | Williams}{1990}{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% The accompanying interface package file is called \texttt{harvard.sty}
+% and is written by Peter Williams and Thorsten Schnier. It
+% defines |\harvarditem| as well as the citation commands |\cite|, for
+% parenthentical, and |\citeasnoun|, for textual citations. The first
+% citation uses the long author list, following ones the shorter list, if
+% it has been given in the optional argument to |\harvarditem|.
+%
+% Bibliography styles belonging to the Harvard family are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{agsm}, \texttt{dcu}, \texttt{kluwer}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This package has been updated for \LaTeXe, with many additions to
+% add flexibility. The result is a powerful interface that should meet most
+% citation needs. (It does not suppress repeated authors, though,
+% as \thestyle{} does.)
+%
+% \subsection{The Astronomy Style}
+% Apparently realizing the limitations of his \texttt{apalike} system, Oren
+% Patashnik went on to develop a `true' \texttt{apa} bibliographic style,
+% making use of the method already employed by an astronomy journal. This
+% is actually very similar to the \texttt{newapa} label but with only the
+% short list of authors:
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Jones et al.}{1990}]{jon90}|\\
+% | ...|
+% \end{quote}
+% It requires the package file \texttt{astron.sty}
+% or any other style that defines |\astroncite| appropriately.
+%
+% Bibliographic styles belonging to the astronomy group are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{apa}, \texttt{astron}, \texttt{bbs}, \texttt{cbe},
+% \texttt{humanbio}, \texttt{humannat}, \texttt{jtb}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This is as good as the |\citeauthoryear| command, although not as
+% flexible since the full list of authors is missing.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{authordate} Style}
+% Finally, I have also found some packages making use of a label command
+% called |\citename| in the form
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citename{Jones et al., }1990]{jon90}|\\
+% | ...|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This is not a good system since the author list and date are not cleanly
+% separated as individual arguments, and since the punctuation is included
+% in the label text. It is better to keep the punctuation fully removed, as
+% part of the definitions in the \texttt{.sty} file, for complete flexibility.
+%
+% Bibliographic styles belonging to this group are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{authordate1}, \texttt{authordate2}, \texttt{authordate3},
+% \texttt{authordate4}, \texttt{aaai-named}
+% \end{quote}
+% with accompanying style file \texttt{authordate1-4.sty}.
+%
+% \section{The \thestyle{} System}
+% The form of the |\bibitem| entry that I have used for all my
+% bibliographic styles is only slightly more complicated than the minimal
+% one, but allows a clean separation between authors and date:
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)]{jon90}...|\\[1ex]
+% or alternatively\\[1ex]
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)Jones, Baker, |\\
+% \hspace*{2em}|and Williams]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% (One weakness of the \thestyle{} format is that it fails if the author
+% list itself contains parentheses! This may be fixed up if the author list
+% is grouped in curly braces.)
+%
+% I wanted to name the system something like `natural sciences bibliography',
+% intending it to be a variant of \texttt{natsci.sty}. Since that name
+% was already taken, I resorted to the rather cryptic, and definitely ugly,
+% \thestyle.
+%
+% The \thestyle\texttt{.sty} package\footnote{Formerly called a \emph{style
+% file} in the older \LaTeX~2.09 terminology.}
+% supports not only my own |\bibitem| format, but
+% also all the others described here, plus numerical citation modes.
+% The additional questions of citation style (type of brackets, commas or
+% semi-colons between citations) can be defined once and for all for each
+% \texttt{.bst} file and need never be specified explicitly in the source text.
+% The use of |\cite| is the same for all citation styles, meaning that the
+% additional features that might be available in the `proper' \texttt{.sty}
+% file will be missing. (This could be changed later.) The result is a
+% single \LaTeX{} package to handle {\em all\/} the bibliographic
+% styles in a uniform manner.
+%
+% As of version 5.1 (1994 June 22), the source file contains coding for a
+% \LaTeXe{} package file (the new standard) as well as that for an older
+% \LaTeX~2.09 style option file. The latter is extracted with the
+% \texttt{docstrip} option \texttt{209}.
+%
+% \begin{quote}\slshape
+% \textbf{New to version 6.0}: (1995 Sep 29) \\
+% In previous versions, each \texttt{.bst} file was either numerical or
+% author--year only. Applying the wrong mode led to grotesque results, and
+% the mode could not always be selected automatically. With version~6.0,
+% all the author--year bibliographic style files can also be used for
+% \emph{numerical} citations, by simply selecting the mode in one of the
+% ways described in Sections~\ref{sec:bibpunct} and \ref{sec:opts}. It is
+% not possible to employ author-year citations with pure numerical
+% \texttt{.bst} files, and never will be.
+%
+% See Section~\ref{sec:6.0} for more information.
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \section{Using this Package}\label{sec:usage}
+%
+% In this paper, I distinguish between the citation \emph{mode} (author--year
+% or numerical) and citation \emph{style} (the type of punctuation used for
+% citations). The citation style is something that is independent of the
+% bibliography style and is not programmed in the \texttt{.bst} files.
+%
+% \subsection{Basic Citation Commands}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citet}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citep}
+% The \thestyle{} package has two basic citation commands, |\citet| and
+% |\citep| for \emph{textual} and \emph{parenthetical} citations, respectively.
+% There also exist the starred versions |\citet*| and |\citep*| that print
+% the full author list, and not just the abbreviated one.
+% All of these may take one or two optional arguments to add some text before
+% and after the citation.
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citet{jon90}| & Jones et al. (1990)\\
+% |\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| & Jones et al. (1990, chap.~2)\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citep{jon90}| & (Jones et al., 1990)\\
+% |\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| & (Jones et al., 1990, chap.~2)\\
+% |\citep[see][]{jon90}| & (see Jones et al., 1990)\\
+% |\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| & (see Jones et al., 1990, chap.~2)\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citet*{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams (1990)\\
+% |\citep*{jon90}| & (Jones, Baker, and Williams, 1990)
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+% The starred versions can only list the full authors if the \texttt{.bst}
+% file supports this feature; otherwise, the abbreviated list is printed.
+%
+% In standard \LaTeX, the |\cite| command can only take a single optional
+% text for a note after the citation; here, a single optional text is a
+% post-note, while two are the pre- and post-note. To have only a pre-note, it
+% is necessary to provide an empty post-note text, as shown above.
+%
+% Multiple citations may be made as usual, by including more than one
+% citation key in the |\cite| command argument. \textsl{If adjacent citations
+% have the same author designation but different years, then the author
+% names are not reprinted.}
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citet{jon90,jam91}| & Jones et al. (1990); James et al. (1991)\\
+% |\citep{jon90,jam91}| & (Jones et al., 1990; James et al. 1991)\\
+% |\citep{jon90,jon91}| & (Jones et al., 1990, 1991)\\
+% |\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| & (Jones et al., 1990a,b)
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% These examples are for author--year citation mode. In numerical mode, the
+% results are different.
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citet{jon90}| & Jones et al. [21]\\
+% |\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| & Jones et al. [21, chap.~2]\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citep{jon90}| & [21]\\
+% |\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| & [21, chap.~2]\\
+% |\citep[see][]{jon90}| & [see 21, 1990]\\
+% |\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| & [see 21, chap.~2]\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| & [21, 32]
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+% The authors can only be listed if the \texttt{.bst} file supports
+% author--year citations. The standard \texttt{.bst} files, such as
+% \texttt{plain.bst} are numerical only and transfer no author--year
+% information to \LaTeX. In this case, |\citet| prints ``\textbf{(author?)}
+% [21].''
+%
+% {\slshape Do not use multiple citations with the |\citet| command in
+% numerical mode!}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\cite}
+% In the original versions of \thestyle, the traditional |\cite| command was
+% used for both textual and parenthetical citations. The presence of an empty
+% optional text in square brackets signaled parenthetical. This syntax has been
+% retained for compatibility, but is no longer encouraged.
+%
+% This means that |\cite| (without notes) is the same as |\citet| in
+% author--year mode, whereas in numerical mode, it is the same as |\citep|.
+% The starred version, as well as the one or two optional notes, may also be
+% used.
+%
+% \subsection{Extended Citation Commands}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citealt}
+% As an alternative form of citation, |\citealt| is the same as |\citet|
+% but \emph{without any parentheses}. Multiple references and the
+% starred variant also exist.
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citealt{jon90}| & Jones et al. 1990\\
+% |\citealt*{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams 1990\\
+% |\citealt{jon90,jam91}| & Jones et al. 1990; James et al. 1991
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeauthor}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeyear}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citefullauthor}
+% In author--year schemes, it is sometimes desirable to be able to refer to
+% the authors without the year, or vice versa. This is provided with three
+% extra commands
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citeauthor{jon90}| & Jones et al.\\
+% |\citefullauthor{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams\\
+% |\citeyear{jon90}| & 1990
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+% If the full author information is missing, then |\citefullauthor| is
+% the same as |\citeauthor|, printing only the abbreviated list.
+% This also applies to the starred versions of |\citet| and |\citep|.
+%
+% If the author or year information is missing (as is the case with the
+% standard \LaTeX{} \texttt{.bst} files), these commands issue a warning.
+%
+% As of version~6.0, these commands may also be used with numerical
+% citations, provided an author--year \texttt{.bst} file is being employed.
+%
+% The native \thestyle{} form of the |\bibitem| entry now
+% also supports the full author list.
+%
+% \textsl{Multiple citations are \emph{not} allowed with these commands.}
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation}\label{sec:bibpunct}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibpunct}
+% The above examples have been printed with the default citation style.
+% It is possible to change this, as well as to select numerical or
+% author--year mode, by means of the |\bibpunct| command, which takes
+% one optional and 6 mandatory arguments. The mandatory ones are:
+% \begin{enumerate}
+% \item the opening bracket symbol, default = (
+% \item the closing bracket symbol, default = )
+% \item the punctuation between multiple citations, default = ;
+% \item the letter `n' for numerical style, or `s' for numerical superscript
+% style, any other letter for
+% author--year, default = author--year; note, it is not necessary to
+% specify which author--year interface is being used, for all will be
+% recognized;
+% \item the punctuation that comes between the author names and the year
+% (parenthetical case only), default = ,
+% \item the punctuation that comes between years when common author lists
+% are suppressed (default = ,); if both authors and years are common,
+% the citation is printed as `1994a,b', but if a space is wanted between
+% the extra letters, then include the space in the argument, as |{,~}|.
+% \end{enumerate}
+%
+% The optional argument is the character preceding a post-note, default is a
+% comma.
+%
+% The |\bibpunct| command must be issued in the preamble, that is,
+% before |\begin{document}|. (\textbf{Note:} in versions 5.4 or earlier, this
+% declaration had to be given after the preamble!)
+%
+% Example~1, |\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{a}{}{;}| changes the output of
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\citep{jon90,jon91,jam92}|
+% \end{quote}
+% into [Jones et al. 1990; 1991, James et al. 1992].
+%
+% Example~2, |\bibpunct[;]{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{;}| changes the output of
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\citep[and references therein]{jon90}|
+% \end{quote}
+% into (Jones et al. 1990; and references therein).
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibstyle@xxx}
+% Usually the citation style is determined by the journal
+% for which one is writing, and is as much a part of the bibliography style
+% as everything else. The \thestyle{} package allows
+% punctuation definitions to be directly coupled to the
+% |\bibliographystyle| command that must always be present when \btx{} is
+% used. It is this command that selects the \texttt{.bst} file; by adding such
+% a coupling to \thestyle{} for every \texttt{.bst} file that one might
+% want to use, it is not necessary to add |\bibpunct| explicitly in the
+% document itself, unless of course one wishes to override the preset
+% values.
+%
+% Such a coupling is achieved by defining a command |\bibstyle@|{\em bst},
+% where {\em bst\/} stands for the name of the \texttt{.bst} file. For example,
+% the American Geophysical Union (AGU) demands in its publications that
+% citations be made with square brackets and separated by semi-colons. I
+% have an \texttt{agu.bst} file to accomplish most of the formatting, but such
+% punctuations are not included in it. Instead, \thestyle{} has the
+% definition
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\newcommand{\bibstyle@agu}{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,~}}|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% These style defining commands may contain more than just |\bibpunct|.
+% Some numerical citation scheme require even more changes. For example,
+% the journal \textsl{Nature} not only uses superscripted numbers for
+% citations, it also prints the numbers in the list of references without
+% the normal square brackets. To
+% accommodate this, \thestyle{} contains the style definition
+% \begin{quote}\begin{verbatim}
+% \newcommand{\bibstyle@nature}{\bibpunct{}{}{,}{s}{}{}%
+% \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \end{quote}
+% The redefined |\NAT@biblabelnum| command specifies how the reference numbers
+% are to be formatted in the list of references itself.
+% The redefinition must be made with |\gdef|, not |\def| or
+% |\renewcommand|.
+%
+% The selected punctuation style and other redefinitions will not be in
+% effect on the first \LaTeX{} run, for they are stored to the auxiliary
+% file for the subsequent run.
+%
+% The user may add more such definitions of his own, to accommodate those
+% journals and \texttt{.bst} files that he has. He may either add them to
+% his local copy of \thestyle\texttt{.sty}, or better put them into a file
+% named \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}. This file will be read in if it exists,
+% adding any local configurations. Thus such configurations can survive
+% future updates of the package. (This is for \LaTeXe{} only.)
+%
+% \medskip
+% \noindent\textbf{Note:}
+% with version~6.0, any explicit call to |\bibpunct| has priority over the
+% predefined citation styles.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citestyle}
+% A preprogrammed citation style is normally invoked by the command
+% |\bibliographystyle|, as described above. However, it may be that
+% one wants to apply a certain citation style to another bibliography
+% style. This may be done with |\citestyle|, given \emph{before}
+% |\begin{document}|. For example, to use the
+% \texttt{plain} bibliography style (for the list of references) with the
+% \textsl{Nature} style of citations (superscripts),
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\documentclass{article}|\\
+% |\usepackage{|\thestyle|}|\\
+% |. . . . .|\\
+% |\citestyle{nature}|\\
+% |\begin{document}|\\
+% |\bibliographystyle{plain}|\\
+% |. . . . .|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \noindent
+% \textbf{Note:} for versions 5.5 and later, all changes to the citation
+% style, including punctuation, must be made before |\begin{document}|,
+% which freezes the citation style.
+%
+% \subsection{Priority of Style Commands}\label{sec:priority}
+% The citation style (punctuation and mode) can be selected by means of the
+% |\bibpunct|, |\citestyle|, and predefined |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst}
+% commands. They can also be selected by \LaTeXe{} options
+% (Section~\ref{sec:opts}). What happens if there are several conflicting
+% selections?
+%
+% The lowest priority is assigned to the predefined |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst}
+% commands, since they are implicit and not obvious to the user. The
+% \LaTeXe{} options have the next priority. Finally, any selection by
+% |\bibpunct| and/or |\citestyle| overrides those of the other methods.
+%
+% \subsection{Other Formatting Options}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibsection}
+% The list of references normally appears as a |\section*| or |\chapter*|,
+% depending on the main class. If one wants to redesign one's own heading,
+% say as a numbered section with |\section|, then |\bibsection| may be
+% redefined by the user accordingly.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibfont}
+% The list of references is normally printed in the same font size and
+% style as the main body. However, it is possible to define |\bibfont|
+% to be font commands that are in effect within the \texttt{thebibliography}
+% environment.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibhang}
+% The list of references for author--year styles uses a hanging indentation
+% format: the first line of each reference is flush left, the following lines
+% are set with an indentation from the left margin. This indentation is 1~em
+% by default but may be changed by redefining (with |\setlength|) the
+% length parameter |\bibhang|.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibsep}
+% The vertical spacing between references in the list, whether author--year
+% or numerical, is controlled by the length |\bibsep|. If this is set to
+% 0~pt, there is no extra line spacing between references. The default
+% spacing depends on the font size selected in |\documentclass|, and is
+% almost a full blank line. Change this by redefining |\bibsep| with
+% |\setlength| command.
+%
+% \subsection{Automatic Indexing of Citations}
+%
+% (New to version 6.0; applies to \LaTeXe\ only)\\[1ex]
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindextrue}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindexfalse}
+% If one wishes to have the citations entered in the \texttt{.idx} indexing
+% file, it is only necessary to issue |\citeindextrue| at any point in the
+% document. All following |\cite| commands, of all variations, then insert
+% the corresponding entry to that file. With |\citeindexfalse|, these
+% entries will no longer be made.
+%
+% The |\bibitem| commands in the \texttt{thebibliography} environment will
+% also make index entries. If this is not desired, then issue
+% |\citeindexfalse| before |\bibliography| or |\begin{thebibliography}|.
+%
+% Of course, |\makeindex| must also be issued in the preamble to activate
+% indexing, as usual. Otherwise, no indexing is done at all.
+%
+% Make sure that the document has been processed at least twice after the
+% last \btx\ run before running the \texttt{makeindex} program.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\NAT@idxtxt}
+% The form of the index entries is set by the internal |\NAT@idxtxt|, which
+% can be redefined by hackers if wanted (in the \thestyle\texttt{.cfg} file
+% please). By default, it prints the short author list plus date in the
+% current parenthesis style.
+%
+% The \thestyle\ package can also be used with the \texttt{index} package of
+% David~M. Jones. The order in which the packages are loaded is not
+% important.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindextype}
+% In that package, multiple index lists may be made by means of a |\newindex|
+% command. For example, it may be desirable to put all the citation indexing
+% into a separate list. First that list must be initiated with, e.g.,
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\newindex{cite}{ctx}{cnd}{List of Citations}|
+% \end{quote}
+% and then the automatic citation indexing associated with this list with the
+% \thestyle\ command
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\renewcommand{\citeindextype}{cite}|
+% \end{quote}
+% See the documentation for \texttt{index.sty} for details.
+%
+% \subsection{Hyper\TeX\ Compatibility}
+% As of version~6.4, \thestyle\ is compatible with the \texttt{hyperref}
+% package of Sebastian Rahtz and Yannis Haralambous, for use with
+% Hyper\TeX. The compatibility is of a mutual nature: both packages contain
+% coding that interact with that of the other. Thus the version of
+% \texttt{hyperref} must be more recent than 1996 Oct~8.
+% ^^A Update the date when it is better known, after checking with Rahtz.
+%
+% \subsection{Multiple Bibliographies in One Document}\label{sec:chapbib}
+%
+% As of version 6.4, \thestyle\ is compatible with the \texttt{chapterbib}
+% package of Donald Arseneau and Niel Kempson,\relax
+% \footnote{I have used version 1.5 from 1995/10/09; cannot guarantee
+% earlier versions.}
+% which makes it possible to have several
+% bibliographies in one document. The usual application is to have
+% bibliographies in each chapter of a book, especially if they have been
+% written by different authors.
+%
+% The \texttt{chapterbib} package works in a very natural way for the
+% author; only the editor who puts all the chapters together into one book
+% has to do some extra work.
+%
+% The package makes use of the |\include| command, and it is in fact every
+% |\include|d file that has its own bibliography. For large books, it makes
+% very good sense to take advantage of this feature in any case.
+%
+% To review the use of |\include|, recall that the main file
+% \begin{verbatim}
+% \documentclass{...}
+% \includeonly{ch2}
+% \begin{document}
+% \include{ch1}
+% \include{ch2}
+% \include{ch3}
+% \end{document}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% will process only the file \texttt{ch2.tex} as though the files
+% \texttt{ch1.tex} and \texttt{ch3.tex} were also present. That is, all
+% counters, especially the page and section numbers, as well as
+% cross-referencing definitions, will function as if the whole document
+% were processed. The trick is that each |\include|d file has it own
+% \texttt{.aux} file containing these definitions, and they are all read
+% in every time, even if the corresponding \texttt{.tex} file is not. The
+% \texttt{.aux} files also contain the citation information for \btx,
+% something that the \texttt{chapterbib} package exploits.
+%
+% If |\usepackage{chapterbib}| has been given, the keys in each |\cite|
+% and |\bibitem| command are associated with the current |\include|d file
+% and are distinguished from the identical key in a different file. Each of
+% these files must contain its own |\bibliography| and |\bibliographystyle|
+% commands. One processes \btx\ on each file separately before processing
+% it under \LaTeX\ (at least twice).
+%
+% \subsubsection{Special Considerations for \thestyle\ and
+% \texttt{chapterbib}}
+%
+% The order in which the \texttt{chapterbib} and \thestyle\ packages are loaded
+% is unimportant.
+%
+% The \texttt{chapterbib} package provides an option \texttt{sectionbib}
+% that puts the bibliography in a |\section*| instead of |\chapter*|,
+% something that makes sense if there is a bibliography in each chapter.
+% This option will not work when \thestyle\ is also loaded; instead, add
+% the option to \thestyle. (The \texttt{sectionbib} option can always be
+% given, but it only has meaning for the \texttt{book} and \texttt{report}
+% classes, or for classes derived from them.)
+%
+% Every |\include|d file (with citations) must contain its own
+% |\bibliography| command where the bibliography is to appear. The database
+% files listed as arguments to this command can be different in each file,
+% of course. However, what is not so obvious, is that each file must also
+% contain a |\bibliographystyle| command, \emph{preferably with the same
+% style argument}. If different bibliography styles are specified for
+% different files, then the preprogrammed citation style (punctuation and
+% citation mode) will be that of the first bibliography style given. The
+% preprogrammed citation styles can only be changed in the preamble (see
+% Section~\ref{sec:priority}), something that guarantees a uniform style
+% for the entire document.\relax
+% \footnote{It would be relatively easy to allow changes in style anywhere
+% in the document, but this strikes me as bad policy. However, it is
+% provided for with the \texttt{docstrip} option \texttt{nopreonly}.}
+%
+% \subsection{Sorting and Compressing Numerical Citations}
+%
+% Another package by Donald Arseneau, \texttt{cite.sty}, reimplements the
+% entire (numerical) citation system such that one can control the
+% punctuation and citation format, all of which is done by \thestyle\ as
+% well. However, it also can sort and compress numerical citations,
+% something that is required by some journals.
+%
+% What this means is that when multiple citations are given with a single
+% |\cite| command, the normal order of the numbers is in the sequence
+% given. This is usually a wild list of numbers, such as [4,2,8,3]. With
+% the \texttt{cite} package, this list becomes [2--4,8].
+%
+% It is impossible to make the \texttt{cite} and \thestyle\ packages
+% compatible, since both reimplement |\cite| from scratch. Instead, I have
+% taken the necessary coding from \texttt{cite.sty} and modified it for
+% \thestyle{}. This coding becomes activated
+% by including the option \texttt{sort} in the |\usepackage| command.
+% It only affects numerical
+% citations, and has no influence on the author--year ones.
+%
+% \section{Numerical Citations with Author--Year Styles}\label{sec:6.0}
+%
+% (New to version 6.0)\\[1ex]
+% In earlier versions, each \texttt{.bst} file could be used either for
+% numerical or author--year citation mode, without any possibility of
+% switching. Obviously numerical \texttt{.bst} files can never be used for
+% author--year citations (the information is missing in the auxiliary file)
+% but there is no reason why the converse should not work.
+%
+% I have been frequently asked if I could implement this feature, and I at
+% first replied that it would be quite easy. That was a mistake. The
+% numerical information was missing in the auxiliary files, so the
+% |\cite| commands could never access it.
+%
+% \subsection{New Coding}
+% I have now recoded \thestyle{} so that the separation of author and year
+% information comes before the information is written to the auxiliary
+% file, and furthermore, a sequential number is also written. This permits
+% numerical citations with \emph{any} of the author--year bibliographic style
+% files.
+%
+% The recoding has made fewer internal changes than I expected. Any users
+% who have local redefinitions of my internals should be aware that of the
+% citation commands, only |\NAT@citexnum| has been altered. Otherwise the
+% changes are in the parsing commands |\NAT@parse| and |\NAT@parse@date|.
+% Of the external commands, |\bibitem| is completely redefined, and
+% |\citeauthor|, |\citeyear|, and |\citefullauthor| are different.
+%
+% Version~5.5 actually made far more internal changes: all internal
+% commands were renamed to conform to recommended \LaTeX{} coding
+% practices.
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Numerical Mode}
+% By default, \thestyle{} is in author--year mode. This can be changed by
+% \begin{enumerate}
+% \item selecting a numerical bibliography style with predefined
+% citation style, defined either in the package or in the local
+% configuration file;
+%
+% \item giving options \texttt{numbers} or \texttt{super} to the
+% |\usepackage| command;
+%
+% \item issuing |\bibpunct| with the 4th mandatory argument set to \texttt{n}
+% or \texttt{s};
+%
+% \item issuing |\citestyle| with the name of a predefined numerical
+% bibliography style.
+% \end{enumerate}
+% The methods are listed in order of increasing priority.
+%
+% The \thestyle{} package will automatically switch to numerical mode if
+% any one of the |\bibitem| entries fails to conform to the possible
+% author--year formats. There is no way to override this, since such an
+% entry would cause trouble in the author--year mode.
+%
+% There are certain special `numerical' styles, like that of the standard
+% \texttt{alpha.bst}, which include a non-numerical label in place of the
+% number, in the form
+% \begin{quote} |\bibitem[ABC95]{able95}| \end{quote}
+% As far as \thestyle\ is concerned, this label does not conform to the
+% author--year possibilities and is therefore considered to be numerical.
+% The citation mode switches to numerical, and |\cite{able95}| prints
+% [ABC95].
+%
+% \subsection{New Bibliography Styles}
+% I provided three new \texttt{.bst} files to replace the standard \LaTeX\
+% numerical ones:
+% \begin{quote}\ttfamily
+% plainnat.bst \qquad abbrvnat.bst \qquad unsrtnat.bst
+% \end{quote}
+% These produce reference lists in the same style as the corresponding
+% standard \texttt{.bst} file, but can only be used with \thestyle{}. The
+% advantage is that they can be used in both numerical and author--year
+% mode.
+%
+% In fact, \texttt{unsrtnat.bst} is rather silly for author--year
+% citations: the references are listed in the order they were cited, which
+% makes it difficult to find them. It is only included in case an author
+% wishes to switch from \texttt{plainnat} (author--year) to the unsorted
+% numerical mode, retaining the |\citeauthor| and |\citeyear| commands in
+% his paper.
+%
+% It is not possible to produce a modified version of \texttt{alpha.bst}
+% since it would conflict with the |\bibitem| format of \thestyle.
+%
+% The sample bibliography style file \texttt{natbib.bst} will no longer be
+% distributed. It merely represented a demonstration of the |\bibitem|
+% syntax for \thestyle, a function that is now taken over by
+% \texttt{plainnat.bst} and friends.
+%
+% \section{Local Configuration}
+% For \LaTeXe, it is possible to add a local configuration file
+% \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}, which is read in, if it exists, at
+% the end of the package. It may thus contain coding to supecede that in
+% the package, although its main purpose is to allow the user to add his
+% own |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} definitions to couple citation punctuation
+% with local bibliography styles.
+%
+% \section{Options with \LaTeXe}\label{sec:opts}
+% One of the new features of \LaTeXe{} is \emph{options} for the packages,
+% in the same way as main styles (now called \emph{classes}) can take
+% options. This package is now installed with
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\documentclass[..]{...}|\\
+% |\usepackage[|\emph{options}|]{|\thestyle|}|
+% \end{quote}
+% The options available provide another means of specifying the
+% punctuation for citations:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily round] (default) for round parentheses;
+% \item[\ttfamily square] for square brackets;
+% \item[\ttfamily curly] for curly braces;
+% \item[\ttfamily angle] for angle brackets;
+% \item[\ttfamily colon] (default) to separate multiple citations with
+% colons;
+% \item[\ttfamily comma] to use commas as separaters;
+% \item[\ttfamily authoryear] (default) for author--year citations;
+% \item[\ttfamily numbers] for numerical citations;
+% \item[\ttfamily super] for superscripted numerical citations, as in
+% \textsl{Nature};
+% \item[\ttfamily sort] puts multiple numerical citations in order and
+% compresses them if possible (as 3--6, 15);
+% \item[\ttfamily sectionbib] redefines |\thebibliography| to issue
+% |\section*| instead of |\chapter*|; valid only for classes with a
+% |\chapter| command; to be used with the \texttt{chapterbib} package.
+% \end{description}
+%
+% If any of these options are selected, the predefined citation styles in
+% the commands |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} will be no longer be effective.
+% If either |\bibpunct| or |\citestyle| is given in the preamble, the above
+% punctuation options will no longer hold.
+%
+% \section{As Module to Journal-Specific Styles}
+% Although \thestyle{} is meant to be an all-purpose bibliographic style
+% \emph{package}, it may also be incorporated as a module to other
+% packages for specific journals. In this case, many of the general features may
+% be left off. This is allowed for with \texttt{docstrip} options that not
+% only leave off certain codelines, but also include extra ones. So far,
+% options exist for
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack] produces a basic version with author--year only,
+% fixed citation punctuation, no |\bibpunct| nor |\citestyle| nor
+% predefined styles;
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack,egs] for journals of the \textsl{European Geophysical
+% Society}, in particular \textsl{Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics};
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack,agu] for \textsl{American Geophysical Union} journals.
+% \end{description}
+% The \texttt{subpack} option must always be used with \texttt{package}.
+%
+% Previous options \texttt{jgr} and \texttt{grl} have become obsolete due
+% to revisions in these journals; they have been replaced by the more
+% general \texttt{agu} option.
+%
+% \section{Summary}
+%
+% The following summary is included as comments at the beginning of the
+% \thestyle\texttt{.sty} file, for quick reference. Certain lines are
+% dependent on the \texttt{docstrip} options.
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*package&!subpack>
+% \fi
+% \begin{verbatim}
+ % This package reimplements the LaTeX \cite command to be used for various
+ % citation styles, both author-year and numerical. It accepts BibTeX
+ % output intended for many other packages, and therefore acts as a
+ % general, all-purpose citation-style interface.
+ %
+ % With standard numerical .bst files, only numerical citations are
+ % possible. With an author-year .bst file, both numerical and
+ % author-year citations are possible.
+ %
+ % If author-year citations are selected, \bibitem must have one of the
+ % following forms:
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)]{key}...
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)Jones, Baker, and Williams]{key}...
+%<*apalike|all>
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{key}...
+%</apalike|all>
+%<*newapa|chicago|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones, Baker, and Williams}{Jones
+ % et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+%</newapa|chicago|all>
+%<*astron|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Jones et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+%</astron|all>
+%<*authordate|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citename{Jones et al., }1990]{key}...
+%</authordate|all>
+%<*harvard|all>
+ % \harvarditem[Jones et al.]{Jones, Baker, and Williams}{1990}{key}...
+%</harvard|all>
+ %
+ % This is either to be made up manually, or to be generated by an
+ % appropriate .bst file with BibTeX.
+ % Author-year mode || Numerical mode
+ % Then, \citet{key} ==>> Jones et al. (1990) || Jones et al. [21]
+ % \citep{key} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990) || [21]
+ % Multiple citations as normal:
+ % \citep{key1,key2} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990; Smith, 1989) || [21,24]
+ % or (Jones et al., 1990, 1991) || [21,24]
+ % or (Jones et al., 1990a,b) || [21,24]
+ % \cite{key} is the equivalent of \citet{key} in author-year mode
+ % and of \citep{key} in numerical mode
+ % Full author lists may be forced with \citet* or \citep*, e.g.
+ % \citep*{key} ==>> (Jones, Baker, and Williams, 1990)
+ % Optional notes as:
+ % \citep[chap. 2]{key} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)
+ % \citep[e.g.,][]{key} ==>> (e.g., Jones et al., 1990)
+ % \citep[see][pg. 34]{key}==>> (see Jones et al., 1990, pg. 34)
+ % (Note: in standard LaTeX, only one note is allowed, after the ref.
+ % Here, one note is like the standard, two make pre- and post-notes.)
+ % \citealt{key} ==>> Jones et al. 1990
+ % \citealt*{key} ==>> Jones, Baker, and Williams 1990
+ % \citealt{key1,key2} ==>> Jones et al. 1990; Smith 1989
+ % Additional citation possibilities (both author-year and numerical modes)
+ % \citeauthor{key} ==>> Jones et al.
+ % \citeyear{key} ==>> 1990
+ % \citefullauthor{key} ==>> Jones, Baker, and Williams
+ % (Multiple keys NOT allowed!)
+ % Note: full author lists depends on whether the bib style supports them;
+ % if not, the abbreviated list is printed even when full requested.
+ %
+ % Defining the citation style of a given bib style:
+%<!nopreonly> % Use \bibpunct (in the preamble only) with 6 mandatory arguments:
+%<nopreonly> % Use \bibpunct (anywhere in the text) with 6 mandatory arguments:
+ % 1. opening bracket for citation
+ % 2. closing bracket
+ % 3. citation separator (for multiple citations in one \cite)
+ % 4. the letter n for numerical styles, s for superscripts
+ % else anything for author-year
+ % 5. punctuation between authors and date
+ % 6. punctuation between years when common authors missing
+ % One optional argument is the character coming before post-notes. It
+ % appears in square braces before all other arguments. May be left off.
+ % Example (and default) \bibpunct[,]{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}
+ %
+ % To make this automatic for a given bib style, named newbib, say, make
+ % a local configuration file, natbib.cfg, with the definition
+ % \newcommand{\bibstyle@newbib}{\bibpunct...}
+ % Then the \bibliographystyle{newbib} will cause \bibstyle@newbib to
+ % be called on THE NEXT LATEX RUN (via the aux file).
+ %
+%<!nopreonly> % Such preprogrammed definitions may be invoked in the text (preamble only)
+%<nopreonly> % Such preprogrammed definitions may be invoked anywhere in the text
+ % by calling \citestyle{newbib}. This is only useful if the style specified
+ % differs from that in \bibliographystyle.
+ %
+%<*!209>
+ % With \citeindextrue and \citeindexfalse, one can control whether the
+ % \cite commands make an automatic entry of the citation in the .idx
+ % indexing file. For this, \makeindex must also be given in the preamble.
+ %
+ % LaTeX2e Options: (for selecting punctuation)
+ % round - round parentheses are used (default)
+ % square - square brackets are used [option]
+ % curly - curly braces are used {option}
+ % angle - angle brackets are used <option>
+ % colon - multiple citations separated by colon (default)
+ % comma - separated by comma
+ % authoryear - selects author-year citations (default)
+ % numbers- selects numerical citations
+ % super - numerical citations as superscripts
+ % sort - sorts and compresses numerical citations
+ % sectionbib - puts bibliography in a \section* instead of \chapter*
+ % Punctuation so selected dominates over any predefined ones.
+ % LaTeX2e options are called as, e.g.
+ % \usepackage[square,comma]{natbib}
+%</!209>
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \iffalse
+ % LaTeX the source file natbib.dtx to obtain more details.
+ %-----------------------------------------------------------
+%</package&!subpack>
+% \fi
+%
+% \section{Options with \texttt{docstrip}}
+% The source \texttt{.dtx} file is meant to be processed with
+% \texttt{docstrip}, for which a number of options are available:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily all] includes all of the other interfaces;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily apalike] allows interpretation of minimal \texttt{apalike}
+% form of |\bibitem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily newapa] allows |\citeauthoryear| to be in the optional
+% argument of |\bibitem| along with the punctuation commands of
+% \texttt{newapa.sty};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily chicago] is the same as \texttt{newapa};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily harvard] includes interpretation of |\harvarditem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily astron] allows |\astroncite| to appear in the optional
+% argument of |\bibitem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily authordate] adds the syntax of the |\citename| command.
+%
+% \end{description}
+%
+% This package file is intended to act as a module for other class files
+% written for specific journals, in which case the flexible
+% |\bibstyle@|{\em bst\/} commands are not wanted. Punctuation and
+% other style features are to be rigidly fixed. These journal options are
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily agu] for journals of the \textsl{American Geophysical
+% Union};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily egs] for journals of the \textsl{European Geophysical
+% Society}, in particular \textsl{Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics}.
+%
+% \end{description}
+%
+% The remaining options are:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily package] to produce a \texttt{.sty} package file with most
+% comments removed;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily 209] (together with \texttt{package}) for a style option
+% file that will run under the older \LaTeX~2.09;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack] (together with \texttt{package}) for coding that
+% is to be included inside a larger package; even more comments are
+% removed, as well as \LaTeXe{} option handling and identification;
+% produces a basic \thestyle\ package for author--year only, fixed
+% citation style (punctuation);
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily nopreonly] allows |\citestyle| and |\bibpunct| to be
+% called anywhere in the text; this is considered possibly useful
+% with the \texttt{chapterbib} package where different chapters might
+% have different bibliography and citation styles; is only provided
+% in case I change my mind about this feature, but for now I
+% refuse to implement it;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily driver] to produce a driver \texttt{.drv} file that will
+% print out the documentation under \LaTeXe. The documentation cannot
+% be printed under \LaTeX~2.09.
+%
+% \end{description}
+% The source file \texttt{\filename.dtx} is itself a driver file and can
+% be processed directly by \LaTeXe.
+%
+% \StopEventually{\PrintIndex\PrintChanges}
+%
+% \section{The Coding}
+% This section presents and explains the actual coding of the macros.
+% It is nested between |%<*package>| and |%</package>|, which
+% are indicators to \texttt{docstrip} that this coding belongs to the package
+% file.
+%
+% The \texttt{docstrip} option |<subpack>| should only be called if the
+% coding is to be included as part of another package, in which case the
+% announcement text and \LaTeXe{} options are suppressed.
+%
+% An alternative version of this coding is provided for running as a
+% style file under \LaTeX~2.09. Code lines belonging to this are
+% indicated with guard |<209>|; those for LaTeXe{} only with |<!209>|.
+%
+% With \LaTeX\ release from \texttt{1995/12/01}, |\cite| is made robust,
+% something that I have adopted as well.
+%
+% Another change in the above release is that
+% |\G@refundefinedtrue|\footnote{In fact, it was only proposed to be
+% removed, but because several packages, including this one, were
+% adversely affected, the name was retained for the new coding.}
+% and the |\if@openbib| flag have been removed.
+% New, more effective, and compact, coding has replaced them. Rather than
+% relying on the kernel coding, I make \thestyle\ more
+% self-reliant.
+%
+% \subsection{Test for Specific Journals}
+% This package should not be loaded with the specific journal packages that
+% already include it; it is superfluous and can lead to contradictions.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*package>
+%<*!209&!subpack>
+\@ifclassloaded{aguplus}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The aguplus class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{nlinproc}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The nlinproc class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{egs}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The egs class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+%</!209&!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation and Other Modifications}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibstyle@xxx}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add \texttt{agsm} and \texttt{dcu} punctuation
+% styles from \texttt{harvard} series}
+% We begin by defining a number of punctuation styles for specific
+% author--year \texttt{.bst} files that I use.
+% They are placed here, near the beginning, so that another
+% user can easily find them to add his own. Some comments remain in the
+% stripped version too.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+ % Define citation punctuation for some author-year styles
+ % One may add and delete at this point
+%<!209> % Or put additions into local configuration file natbib.cfg
+\newcommand\bibstyle@chicago{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@named{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@agu{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,~}}%Amer. Geophys. Union
+\newcommand\bibstyle@egs{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Eur. Geophys. Soc.
+%<*all|harvard>
+\newcommand\bibstyle@agsm{\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{,}\gdef\harvardand{\&}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@kluwer{\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{,}\gdef\harvardand{\&}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@dcu{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{;}{,}\gdef\harvardand{and}}
+%</all|harvard>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Here give the explicit punctuation for the specific journals; their
+% coding need not contain the punctuation macros |\bibpunct| and
+% |\bibstyle@xxx| since the punctuation is fixed for them.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@aa{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{}{,}} %Astronomy & Astrophysics
+\newcommand\bibstyle@pass{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Planet. & Space Sci
+\newcommand\bibstyle@anngeo{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Annales Geophysicae
+\newcommand\bibstyle@nlinproc{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Nonlin.Proc.Geophys.
+%</!subpack>
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@open{[} \newcommand\NAT@close{]}
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;} \newcommand\NAT@cmt{,}
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,~}
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@open{(} \newcommand\NAT@close{)}
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;} \newcommand\NAT@cmt{,}
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Fix \texttt{esa} style for new note system}
+% Next, the same thing is done for some numerical styles. A major
+% difference here is that the |\@biblabel| and |\@cite| commands must also
+% be redefined in many cases. These redefinitions must be made with the
+% |\gdef| (global definition) command.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+ % Define citation punctuation for some numerical styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@cospar{\bibpunct{/}{/}{,}{n}{}{}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@esa{\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{n}{}{}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.\hspace{1em}}%
+ \gdef\NAT@citenum##1##2##3{\NAT@open \if\relax##2\relax\else
+ ##2\ \fi Ref.~##1\if\relax##3\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ ##3\fi\NAT@close}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@nature{\bibpunct{}{}{,}{s}{}{}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Finally, the standard \LaTeX{} (numerical) citation styles are included
+% along with their \thestyle\ modifications (author--year).
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ % The standard LaTeX styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@plain{\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{n}{}{}}
+\let\bibstyle@alpha=\bibstyle@plain
+\let\bibstyle@abbrv=\bibstyle@plain
+\let\bibstyle@unsrt=\bibstyle@plain
+ % The author-year modifications of the standard styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@plainnat{\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{a}{,}{,}}
+\let\bibstyle@abbrvnat=\bibstyle@plainnat
+\let\bibstyle@unsrtnat=\bibstyle@plainnat
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{\LaTeXe{} Options}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@numbers}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Add flag for switching between cite styles}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@super}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Add flag for switching between cite styles}
+% Two flags are used to keep track of the citation style. The flag
+% |\ifNAT@numbers| is \meta{false} by default (author--year) and switches
+% to \meta{true} for numerical citations. The flag |\ifNAT@super| indicates
+% if the numerical citation is to be done with superscripts.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifNAT@numbers \NAT@numbersfalse
+\newif\ifNAT@super \NAT@superfalse
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\DeclareOption}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add \LaTeXe{} options.}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add options \texttt{angle} and \texttt{curly}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Add option \texttt{bibstyle}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Execute \texttt{nobibstyle} with all options}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 27}{Add option \texttt{openbib}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add option \texttt{sectionbib}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 13}{Add option \texttt{sort}}
+% For \LaTeXe, we can define some options to be used with the |\usepackage|
+% command that loads the \thestyle{} package. These are an additional means
+% of specifying the citation punctuation and scheme.
+%
+% The standard option \texttt{openbib} is also defined here so that its
+% behaviour is entirely under my control. Relying on the standard classes
+% can lead to trouble.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\DeclareOption{numbers}{\NAT@numberstrue
+ \ExecuteOptions{square,comma,nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{super}{\NAT@supertrue\NAT@numberstrue
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{authoryear}{\NAT@numbersfalse
+ \ExecuteOptions{round,colon,bibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{round}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{(} \renewcommand\NAT@close{)}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{square}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{[} \renewcommand\NAT@close{]}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{angle}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{$<$} \renewcommand\NAT@close{$>$}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{curly}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{\{} \renewcommand\NAT@close{\}}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{comma}{\renewcommand\NAT@sep{,}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{colon}{\renewcommand\NAT@sep{;}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{nobibstyle}{\let\bibstyle=\@gobble}
+\DeclareOption{bibstyle}{\let\bibstyle=\@citestyle}
+\newif\ifNAT@openbib \NAT@openbibfalse
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{\NAT@openbibtrue}
+\DeclareOption{sectionbib}{\def\NAT@sectionbib{on}}
+\def\NAT@sort{0}
+\DeclareOption{sort}{\def\NAT@sort{1}}
+\@ifpackageloaded{cite}{\PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}
+ {The `cite' package should not be used\MessageBreak
+ with natbib. Use option `sort' instead}\ExecuteOptions{sort}}{}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Before version~6.0, the punctuation options had the lowest priority,
+% being overridden by any |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} command. It was necessary
+% to add the option \texttt{nobibstyle} to make them effective. Now this
+% option is automatically executed whenever a punctuation option is chosen.
+% The reason is that \texttt{nobibstyle} is either superfluous (no
+% predefined citation style is present) or always necessary to make the
+% other options meaningful.
+%
+% It seems to be better practice to make any explicit choices to have
+% higher priority over implicit ones.
+%
+% The option \texttt{bibstyle} reactivates the predefined commands, just in
+% case this is needed, as it is for the option \texttt{authoryear}. This
+% leaves the predefined styles functioning, since it does not really
+% determine the citation style, but rather establishes a default which may
+% be overwritten by a prestored one. For this reason, this option must be
+% defined very early so that any explicit punctuation options overwrite the
+% defaults. (Options are executed in the order defined.)
+%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation and Other Modifications}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibstyle}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Move \cs{ProcessOptions} to after definition
+% of \cs{bibstyle}}
+% The pre-defined punctuation styles are associated with particular
+% \texttt{.bst} files. This is implemented by means of the standard
+% |\bibliographystyle| command that specifies the name of the \texttt{.bst}
+% file that is to be used by \btx. Some \LaTeX{} manuals erroneously state
+% that this command must be issued prior to any |\cite| commands. If that
+% were the case, the task of invoking the style definitions would be much
+% easier, for they certainly must be issued before the first |\cite|.
+% However, I have always called |\bibliographystyle| together with
+% |\bibliography|, well after all |\cite| commands.
+%
+% In fact, all that |\bibliographystyle|\marg{bst} does is to write
+% |\bibstyle|\marg{bst} to the auxiliary file. This file, and all its
+% contents, will be read in at the beginning of the next \LaTeX{} run; to
+% be precise, it is read in by |\begin{document}|. The command |\bibstyle| is
+% then executed at that point on the next run. However, it is
+% defined to do nothing more than to swallow up its argument! In other
+% words, the combination |\bibliographystyle| and |\bibstyle| do absolutely
+% nothing to the \LaTeX{} runs. In fact, |\bibstyle| is a command for
+% \btx{} alone.
+%
+% I have taken advantage of this to redefine |\bibstyle| to execute the
+% \texttt{bst}-specific definitions. This definition is made here before
+% |\ExecuteOptions| so that options may make use of it; the option
+% \texttt{nobibstyle} turns it off, for example.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\renewcommand\bibstyle[1]{\@ifundefined{bibstyle@#1}{\relax}
+ {\csname bibstyle@#1\endcsname}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% This is executed only when the auxiliary file is read in, and that is
+% when |\begin{document}| is issued. Thus this is well before any |\cite|
+% commands. It is for this reason that any definitions in the
+% |\bibstyle@xxx| commands must be global.
+%
+% A minor problem arises in that the auxiliary file is read in a second
+% time, at the end of the run, to check whether any labels have changed.
+% Sometimes, re-executing the |\bibstyle@xxx| command at this point
+% produces error messages. To avoid this, |\bibstyle| is reset to its
+% normal, do-nothing, definition after |\begin{document}|.
+%
+% \LaTeXe{} provides a better way of adding commands to |\document|,
+% which is then exploited here. Paradoxically, the problem with re-reading
+% the auxiliary file does not seem to arise for this version.
+%
+% (|\NAT@set@cites| must also be executed at the start of the document; for
+% \LaTeXe, this is added later when the macro is defined.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*209>
+\let\ori@document=\document
+\renewcommand\document{\ori@document\global\let\bibstyle=\@gobble
+ \NAT@set@cites}
+%</209>
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\global\let\bibstyle=\@gobble}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citestyle}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 03}{Add macro}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Make preamble only}
+% To allow one to invoke preprogrammed punctuation styles that are
+% different from the name of the bibliography style specified by
+% |\bibliographystyle|, call |\citestyle| in the preamble. This then
+% deactivates |\bibstyle| so that any preprogrammed punctuations become
+% ineffective.
+%
+% This, and all other punctuation (citation style) declarations, may only
+% be used in the preamble, as of version 5.5. (Previously they could only
+% be used after the preamble, but the preamble is more logical.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\let\@citestyle\bibstyle
+\newcommand\citestyle[1]{\@citestyle{#1}\let\bibstyle\@gobble}
+%<!209&!nopreonly>\@onlypreamble{\citestyle}\@onlypreamble{\@citestyle}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibpunct}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add superscript style of citations}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Use flags to select citation style}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Make preamble only}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Sets \cs{bibstyle} to \cs{@gobble}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Declare \cs{NAT@numbersfalse} before testing 4th
+% argument}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Add optional argument for \cs{NAT@cmt}}
+% Now |\bibpunct| is defined. It sets various punctuation commands equal to
+% its arguments. It also switches to numerical style if that is specified
+% by the fourth argument. This is done by setting the citation style
+% flag |NAT@numbers| accordingly. The internal cite macros are later
+% set to the style-dependent definitions by calling |\NAT@set@cites|.
+%
+% The fourth argument can also be \texttt{s} for superscript, which
+% sets both the numerical and the |\NAT@super| flags.
+%
+% An optional argument has been added to determine the punctuation that
+% precedes a trailing note. This makes the counting of mandatory arguments
+% somewhat confused, since the fourth argument is now |#5|.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<!209>\newcommand\bibpunct[7][,]%
+%<209>\newcommand\bibpunct{\@ifnextchar[{\@bibpunct}{\@bibpunct[,]}}
+%<209>\def\@bibpunct[#1]#2#3#4#5#6#7%
+ {\gdef\NAT@open{#2}\gdef\NAT@close{#3}\gdef
+ \NAT@sep{#4}\global\NAT@numbersfalse\ifx #5n\global\NAT@numberstrue
+ \else
+ \ifx #5s\global\NAT@numberstrue\global\NAT@supertrue
+ \fi\fi
+ \gdef\NAT@aysep{#6}\gdef\NAT@yrsep{#7}%
+ \gdef\NAT@cmt{#1}%
+ \global\let\bibstyle\@gobble
+%<nopreonly> \NAT@set@cites
+ }
+%<*!nopreonly>
+%<!209>\@onlypreamble{\bibpunct}
+%<209>\def\do{\noexpand\do\noexpand}
+%<209>\edef\@preamblecmds{\@preamblecmds \do\bibpunct \do\citestyle}
+%</!nopreonly>
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The command turns off |\bibstyle| so that the predefined
+% |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} commands no longer work. Thus |\bibpunct| has
+% priority over the predefined styles.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Setting the Defaults}
+% For \LaTeXe, the defaults (punctuation and scheme type) are set with the
+% |\ExecuteOptions| command. For \LaTeX~2.09, the default scheme is
+% author--year, and punctuation can only be set with |\bibpunct|.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@open}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citebegin}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@close}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citeend}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@sep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citesep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@aysep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@auyrsep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@yrsep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@yrsep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@cmt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Add macro}
+% The five punctuation characters for citations are the start and stop
+% brackets, the character between multiple citations, the character between
+% the authors and year (parenthetical only), and the character between
+% adjacent years when the common author list is omitted.
+% A sixth one has been added: the character preceding post-notes.
+% Define their default values.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@open{(} \newcommand\NAT@close{)}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Remove \cs{ExecuteOptions} since default
+% style determined by definitions}
+% The option \texttt{authoryear} was originally provided to serve as the
+% default; hence its definition includes \texttt{bibstyle}. However, this
+% is not necessary since all the appropriate parameters are set to these
+% values anyway. (One could consider removing \texttt{bibstyle}.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+%\ExecuteOptions{authoryear}
+\ProcessOptions
+%</!subpack&!209>
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@cmt{,}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{Internal Citing Macros}
+% A number of internal macros (|\@citex|, |\@cite|, |\@biblabel|, and
+% |\@bibsetup|) need to have different definitions for author--year and
+% numerical schemes. They are defined here for the two different styles,
+% with different names, and which ones become active depend on the citation
+% style flags |\ifNAT@numbers| and |\ifNAT@super|.
+%
+% The coding for the journals always defines the internal macros directly
+% as the author--year version, since they can never do any switching.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@cite}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@cite}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Dec 2}{Reversed optional text no longer needs to include
+% a trailing blank}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add optional notes after as well as before
+% citation.}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add command space in place of space}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Use \cs{if}\cs{relax}\texttt{\#2}\cs{relax}
+% in place of \cs{if}\texttt{\#2}\cs{@empty}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@cite}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citenum}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add optional notes after as well as before
+% citation.}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add command space in place of space}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Use \cs{if}\cs{relax}\texttt{\#2}\cs{relax}
+% in place of \cs{if}\texttt{\#2}\cs{@empty}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citenum}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citesuper}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add macro for superscripts}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citesuper}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Prints post-note only if present}
+% \changes{6.2}{1995 Feb 2}{Get superscript font size right; use
+% \cs{textsuperscript}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Numericals always print notes if present, do not
+% test for any flag first}
+% Define the internal |\@cite| commands that prints the assembled string
+% of citation label texts, plus possible optional notes, before and after.
+% The numerical version is almost the same, except that the brackets
+% |\NAT@open| and |\NAT@close| are always present and the optional notes are
+% included if they are present. For author-year, the notes are included (if
+% present) here only for parenthetical citations (|\ifNAT@swa| if \meta{true})
+% and for textual citations, they are printed by the |\NAT@citex|.
+%
+% The superscript citation prints only the following, not the preceding,
+% note, and then only if it is present.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\renewcommand\@cite%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@cite%
+ [3]{\ifNAT@swa\NAT@open\if\relax#2\relax\else#2\ \fi
+ #1\if\relax#3\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ #3\fi\NAT@close\else#1\fi}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@citenum[3]{\NAT@open\if\relax#2\relax\else
+ #2\ \fi #1\if\relax#3\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ #3\fi\NAT@close}
+\newcommand\NAT@citesuper[3]{\unskip\hspace{1pt}\textsuperscript{#1}%
+ \if\relax#3\relax\else\ (#3)\fi}
+%<!209>\providecommand
+%<209>\newcommand
+ \textsuperscript[1]{\mbox{$^{\mbox{\scriptsize#1}}$}}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@citex}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Use \cs{NAT@citeundefined}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citexnum}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Make like \LaTeXe{} definition instead of 2.09}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citexnum}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Prints \cs{NAT@num} instead of \cs{b@citeb}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Add \cs{NAT@space} for variable spacing between
+% numericals and superscripts}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% The original definition of |\@citex| is now used to define |\NAT@citexnum|,
+% the version for numerical citations. What it does is to write a
+% |\citation| command to the auxiliary file (for \btx), and then parses the
+% second argument, the list of citation keys. These keys have to be decoded
+% into the actual label text contained in |\b@|\emph{key} (a number or
+% author--year), and put together as the argument of |\@cite|.
+%
+% The temporary command |\@citeb| takes on the value of each of the keys in
+% turn; |\@citea| is the separator between multiple citations, initially
+% set to nothing, becoming |\NAT@sep| plus line-break suppression
+% afterwards. The |\@firstofone| macro removes any leading blanks in
+% |\@citeb|, making |\cite{key1, key2}| possible. If |\b@|\emph{key} is
+% not defined (as on the first run, for example), a warning is printed, and
+% a question mark inserted. Finally, the decoded label text is placed into
+% an |\hbox| to prevent it from being split.
+%
+% As of version 6.0, the numerical label text is to be found in |\NAT@num|,
+% whereas previously it was the entire label, |\b@|\emph{key}.
+%
+% Note that here, and in later coding, internal names beginning with
+% |\@cite..| are employed; these names are used in the original \LaTeX{}
+% coding for the same functions. Therefore, if there are other packages
+% that have name conflicts with \thestyle, they will also have conflicts with
+% standard \LaTeX\ too.
+%
+% For compatibility with the \texttt{chapterbib} package of Donald Arseneau,
+% add |\@extra@b@citeb| to the cite key; this contains the number of the
+% included file in order to distinguish the same citation in separate files
+% which then belong to different bibliography listings.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\let\@firstofone\@iden
+%<!209>\providecommand\@firstofone[1]{#1}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@citexnum{}
+\def\NAT@citexnum[#1][#2]#3{\let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#3\do
+ {\@citea\def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+ \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209>{\reset@font\bfseries?}
+%<!209> \NAT@citeundefined\PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{\@citeb}\hbox{\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb}%
+ \NAT@num\hyper@natlinkend}}}}{#1}{#2}}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citex}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Make like \LaTeXe{} definition instead of 2.09}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Change space to command space for text cites}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Add test for adjacent citations having equal
+% authors and years}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citex}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Move \cs{ifNAT@full} test from
+% \cs{NAT@parse} to here}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% The author--year version of |\@citex| is now defined.
+% It starts off much the same as the numerical version. However, it wants
+% the authors and year for each decoded label text to be separated into
+% |\NAT@nm| and |\NAT@date|. This is done by the routine |\NAT@parse|.
+% The names of the authors in the previous key are stored in
+% |\NAT@last@nm|,
+% and if that is the same as the current names, it is not printed again.
+% The output citation text is not put into an |\hbox| since line division
+% may occur within the author--year citation. The output is formatted
+% differently for parenthetical (|\NAT@swa| \meta{true}) and textual
+% (|\NAT@swa| \meta{false}) cases.
+%
+% |\NAT@nm| will contain either |\NAT@name| or |\NAT@all@names| depending
+% on the state of |\ifNAT@full|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\def\@citex%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@citex{}
+%<!subpack>\def\NAT@citex%
+ [#1][#2]#3{\let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\let\NAT@nm\@empty\let\NAT@year\@empty
+ \@for\@citeb:=#3\do
+ {\edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{\@citea%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb}%
+ \let\NAT@last@nm=\NAT@nm\let\NAT@last@yr=\NAT@year
+ \NAT@parse{\@citeb}\ifNAT@full\let\NAT@nm\NAT@all@names\else
+ \let\NAT@nm\NAT@name\fi
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Begin parenthetical citation. Check if author names the same as in the
+% previous citation, and if so, also check if the years are the same.
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 8}{Add \cs{unskip} to avoid double spacing
+% between years}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Add optional notes for textual citations}
+% If so, citations are printed `1994a,b'; if a space is wanted between
+% the letters, as `1994a,~b', then give |\NAT@yrsep| as |{,~}|. For this
+% reason, the |\unskip| is needed when the space between years is printed
+% to avoid two spaces.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \ifNAT@swa
+ \ifx\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm\NAT@yrsep
+ \ifx\NAT@last@yr\NAT@year \NAT@exlab\else\unskip\ \NAT@date\fi
+ \else\@citea{\NAT@nm}\NAT@aysep
+ \ \NAT@date \fi \def\@citea{\NAT@sep\ }%
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Begin textual citation. Do same checks for repeated names and years.
+% Optional notes are added here, not in |\NAT@cite|, which means for
+% multiple citations, each one will receive the notes in the year part.
+% (Pre-notes are questionable for this, but include them anyway.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \else
+ \ifx\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm\NAT@yrsep\ifx\NAT@last@yr\NAT@year
+ \NAT@exlab\else \unskip\ \NAT@date\fi
+ \else\@citea{\NAT@nm}\ \NAT@open\if\relax#1\relax\else#1\ \fi
+ \NAT@date\fi
+ \def\@citea{\NAT@close\NAT@sep\ }%
+ \fi \hyper@natlinkend
+ }}\ifNAT@swa\else\if\relax#2\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ #2\fi
+ \NAT@close\fi}{#1}{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@biblabel}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@biblabel}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@biblabel}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@biblabelnum}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@biblabelnum}}
+% Similarly for the |\@biblabel| command, that is used to format the
+% citation label in the list of references, define the author--year
+% and the numerical versions. For the former, no labels are
+% printed in the list of references.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\renewcommand\@biblabel[1]{\hfill}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@biblabel[1]{\hfill}
+\newcommand\NAT@biblabelnum[1]{[#1]}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@bibsetup}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bibsetup}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add \cs{bibhang} for variable hanging
+% indentation}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@bibsetup}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bibsetnum}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Add \cmd{\if@openbib} as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@bibsetnum}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Use \cs{ifNAT@openbib}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Mar 05}{Add \cs{bibsep} for linespacing between
+% references}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 10}{Set \cs{bibsep} to 0 for EGS}
+% The macro |\@bibsetup| is called by |\thebibliography| and contains any
+% coding for formatting the list of references that may be different for
+% numerical and author--year schemes. For numerical citations, the
+% |\labelwidth| must be set to the size of the longest label (the argument
+% of |\thebibliography|), and the |\leftmargin| adjusted accordingly. For
+% author--year, there are no labels, so |\labelwidth| is zero, all lines
+% after the first are indented by 1~em.
+%
+% Since |\thebibliography| is not included in the \textsl{AGU} package,
+% this macro is left off here too.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!agu>
+%<*!egs>
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@bibsetnum[1]{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}\addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}%
+ \setlength{\itemsep}{\bibsep}\setlength{\parsep}{\z@}%
+%<*!209>
+ \ifNAT@openbib
+ \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\bibindent}%
+ \setlength{\itemindent}{-\bibindent}%
+ \setlength{\listparindent}{\itemindent}%
+ \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
+ \fi
+%</!209>
+}
+%</!subpack>
+%</!egs>
+\newlength{\bibhang}
+\setlength{\bibhang}{1em}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% The length |\bibsep| is to be the spacing between listed references.
+% This is normally the regular line spacing between |\item|s in a
+% \texttt{list} environment, which is |\itemsep| + |\parsep|. These are set
+% by |\@listi|. Therefore, in order to set |\bibsep| to the default value,
+% call |\@listi| locally and globally set it.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newlength{\bibsep}
+%<!egs>{\@listi \global\bibsep\itemsep \global\advance\bibsep by\parsep}
+%<egs>\setlength{\bibsep}{\z@}
+
+%<subpack>\newcommand\@bibsetup%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@bibsetup%
+ [1]{\setlength{\leftmargin}{\bibhang}\setlength{\itemindent}{-\leftmargin}%
+ \setlength{\itemsep}{\bibsep}\setlength{\parsep}{\z@}}
+%</!agu>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@set@cites}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{New macro to set the internal macros to
+% numerical or author--year}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 17}{Add \cs{natexlab}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Remove \cs{global} from definitions and \cs{let}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Define \cs{NAT@space} differently for
+% numericals and superscripts}
+% The four internal macros that have different definitions depending on the
+% citation style have been defined with different names; now set the macros
+% to be executed to that set that is actually wanted. This is determined by
+% the flags |\ifNAT@numbers| and |\ifNAT@super|. The setting command
+% |\NAT@set@cites| is executed by |\begin{document}|, after which point,
+% the citation style should be frozen.
+%
+% The command |\natexlab| is used in the \texttt{.bst} files to enclose the
+% extra labels (the letters added to the dates); these are to be suppressed
+% for numerical citations.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@set@cites{\ifNAT@numbers
+ \ifNAT@super \let\@cite\NAT@citesuper
+ \let\NAT@space\relax\else
+ \let\@cite\NAT@citenum \def\NAT@space{ }\fi
+ \let\@citex\NAT@citexnum
+ \let\@biblabel\NAT@biblabelnum
+ \let\@bibsetup\NAT@bibsetnum
+ \def\natexlab##1{}%
+ \else
+ \let\@cite\NAT@cite
+ \let\@citex\NAT@citex
+ \let\@biblabel\NAT@biblabel
+ \let\@bibsetup\NAT@bibsetup
+ \def\natexlab##1{##1}%
+ \fi}
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\NAT@set@cites}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Add \texttt{showkeys} coding for \cs{@citex}}
+% Since |\citep|, |\citet|, and |\citealt| are all ultimately defined in
+% terms of the |\@citex| command, the best way to get the \texttt{showkeys}
+% package to handle these is to let it accommodate only |\@citex|. David
+% Carlisle has allowed for \thestyle, but only for |\cite| with variable number
+% of arguments, |\citeauthor|, |\citefullauthor|, and |\citeyear|. Add the
+% necessary coding at the beginning, after we know if \texttt{showkeys}
+% has been loaded or not, and |\@citex| has its final definition.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{showkeys}{%
+\let\SK@citex\@citex
+ \def\@citex[#1][#2]#3{\SK@\SK@@ref{#3}\SK@citex[#1][#2]{#3}}
+}{}}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{The Citations}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citet}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 11}{Add macro for textual cite in numerical mode}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Make this standard textual citation, with notes}
+% Textual citations are made with the |\citet| command, which has a starred
+% form for full authors, and may have one or two optional arguments for notes.
+%
+% This command is equivalent to the older syntex |\cite|\marg{key} without
+% optional arguments, at least in author--year mode. In numerical mode,
+% it prints the authors and then the numerical reference, whereas |\cite|
+% will only print the number. This simplifies the switching between the two
+% modes with minimal changes in text. One wants to replace ``as shown by Jones
+% et~al.\ (1990)'' with ``as shown by Jones et~al.\ [21]''; with |\cite|,
+% one would get ``as shown by [21]''.
+%
+% This is such a practical idea, that I have decided to make it the standard
+% means of textual citing. It now even allows optional notes in textual cites,
+% something that I have been asked to provide, and which is impossible under
+% the old syntex with |\cite|.
+%
+% Note that the flag |\ifNAT@swa| determines if the citation is textual or
+% parenthetical, and |\ifNAT@full| whether abbreviated or full author names
+% are to be printed.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifNAT@full\NAT@fullfalse
+\newif\ifNAT@swa
+%<209>\renewcommand\citet
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citet
+ {\NAT@swafalse
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citet}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citet}}
+\newcommand\NAT@citet{\@ifnextchar[{\NAT@@citet}{\NAT@@citet[]}}
+\newcommand\NAT@@citet{}
+\def\NAT@@citet[#1]{\@ifnextchar[{\NAT@@@citet[#1]}{\NAT@@@citet[][#1]}}
+\newcommand\NAT@@@citet{}
+\def\NAT@@@citet[#1][#2]#3{%
+%<!subpack> \ifNAT@numbers\ifNAT@full\citefullauthor{#3}\else
+%<!subpack> \citeauthor{#3}\fi\ \fi
+ \@citex[#1][#2]{#3}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% This command can only handle single keys (in numerical mode).
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Add macro as shorthand for \cs{cite[]}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Make this standard parenthetical citation,
+% with notes}
+% Parenthetical citations are made with the |\citep| command, which has a
+% starred
+% form for full authors, and may have one or two optional arguments for notes.
+%
+% This command was originally added by special request to be a simplification
+% for |\cite[]|\marg{key}, and I added it grudgingly. After I reprogrammed
+% \thestyle\ to handle author--year and numerical citations with the same
+% \texttt{.bst} file, I needed to add the |\citet| command, and this one
+% became an obvious companion for parenthetical citations. I have now altered
+% its coding to be the standard, being fully equivalent in functionality
+% to the older syntax |\cite|\oarg{pre}\oarg{post}\marg{key}.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\renewcommand\citep
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citep
+ {\NAT@swatrue
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citep}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citep}}
+\newcommand\NAT@citep{\@ifnextchar[{\NAT@@citep}{\NAT@@citep[]}}
+\newcommand\NAT@@citep{}
+\def\NAT@@citep[#1]{\@ifnextchar [{\@citex[#1]}{\@citex[][#1]}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\cite}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add a second optional argument.}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Add starred version to print full author list.}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Replace \cmd{\if@tempswa} with \cmd{\ifNAT@swa}.}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Declare obsolete, retained for compatibility}
+% The |\cite| command was originally used to produce both textual and
+% parenthetical citations; with an option argument, even an empty one,
+% the citation was parenthical. I now recommend the use of |\citet| and
+% |\citep| instead, retaining |\cite| only for compatibility.
+%
+% It is equivalent to |\citep| in numerical mode, so it can in fact be
+% used as standard \LaTeX\ syntax with numerical citations.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\renewcommand\cite
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\cite
+ {\@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@cites}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@cites}}
+\newcommand\NAT@cites{\@ifnextchar [{\NAT@swatrue\NAT@@citep}{\NAT@swafalse
+ \NAT@@citep[]}}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citealt}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 16}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Uses \cs{citet} instead of \cs{cite}}
+% An alternative form of citation is one in which the parentheses are not
+% printed. Since the effect of this command is exactly the same as the
+% regular |\citet| but with |\NAT@open| and |\NAT@close| set to blank,
+% define it just in that way. The starred version for full authors can be
+% retained. Notes are not possible, and would be unnecessary without braces.
+%
+% This form has been added at the request of Alexander Holt, who wishes to
+% be able to print all three flavours: parenthetical, textual with
+% parentheses, and textual without. The |\citealt| command must be able to
+% handle multiple references and use the same punctuation scheme as
+% |\citet|.
+%
+% By defining |\citealt| in terms of |\citet|, not only do I save
+% considerable programming effort, but David Carlisle's \texttt{showkeys}
+% package will work with this command too.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+%<209>\renewcommand\citealt
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citealt
+ {\@ifstar{\NAT@alts}{\NAT@alt}}
+\newcommand\NAT@alt[1]{{\ifNAT@numbers\else
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{}\renewcommand\NAT@close{}\fi\cite{#1}}}
+\newcommand\NAT@alts[1]{{\ifNAT@numbers\else
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{}\renewcommand\NAT@close{}\fi\cite*{#1}}}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeauthor}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add means to cite authors only.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Enclose \cs{@citenm} in braces.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add auxiliary file entry.}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty author}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% \begin{macro}{\citeyear}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add means to cite year only.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add auxiliary file entry.}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty year}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Extra letter also printed with year number}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% In an author--year scheme, it is sometimes necessary to refer to the
+% authors of a work without the year. It might even be necessary to refer
+% to the year alone, but I can hardly imagine that. Both possibilities are
+% allowed for here.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\citeauthor[1]{\if@filesw\immediate\write
+ \@auxout{\string\citation{#1}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `#1' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{#1}\ifx\NAT@noname\NAT@name
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf(author?)}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries(author?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Author undefined for citation `#1'
+%<209> ^^J
+%<!209> \MessageBreak
+ on page \thepage}\else
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{#1}\NAT@name\hyper@natlinkend}\fi}%
+}
+\newcommand\citeyear[1]{\if@filesw\immediate\write
+ \@auxout{\string\citation{#1}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `#1' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{#1}\if\relax\NAT@date\relax
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf(year?)}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries(year?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Year undefined for citation `#1'
+%<209> ^^J
+%<!209> \MessageBreak
+ on page \thepage}\else
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{#1}\NAT@date\hyper@natlinkend}\fi}%
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citefullauthor}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro for those bib styles with full author
+% list available}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty author}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% Some of the author--year bibliography styles supported here (\texttt{harvard}
+% and \texttt{newapa}) allow a citation with the full author list, because
+% they have the necessary information in the |\bibitem| entry. With
+% version~5.3, I change the native form of this entry to allow
+% full authors too.
+%
+% Since I now have a starred form of |\cite| for the full author list, it
+% might be reasonable to use a starred |\citeauthor| instead of
+% |\citefullauthor|. However, that will conflict with the provisions for
+% \thestyle{} to be found in Carlisle's \texttt{showkeys} package. That's life.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\citefullauthor[1]{\if@filesw\immediate\write
+ \@auxout{\string\citation{#1}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `#1' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{#1}\ifx\NAT@noname\NAT@all@names
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf(author?)}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries(author?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Author undefined for citation `#1'
+%<209> ^^J
+%<!209> \MessageBreak
+ on page \thepage}\else
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{#1}\NAT@all@names\hyper@natlinkend}\fi}%
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Parsing the Author--Year Entries}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@parse}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add parsing command, with additional
+% font and sub-accent commands relaxed}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{For \LaTeXe{} of \texttt{1994/06/01},
+% can protect font and sub-accents much better}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 24}{2.09 version to run in compatibility mode}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add full author list}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Support starred version of \cs{cite} for full
+% author list}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 26}{Use \cs{@unexpandable@protect} in place of
+% \cs{noexpand}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Call \cs{@parse@date} to split date into year and
+% extra label}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Rename from \cs{@cite@parse}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Remove \cs{relax} from expanded \cs{@tempa}
+% definition; no longer needed under new system}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Prevent expansion of forced space (tilde)}
+% The |\bibcite| commands in the auxiliary file associate the numerical and
+% author--year information with the |\bibitem| key, which is the argument to
+% |\NAT@parse|. As of version~6.0, the information is stored in
+% |\b@|\emph{key} for each citation, as four separate items.
+% \begin{quote}\begin{tabular}{lll}
+% 1. & |\NAT@num| & sequence number or non-author--year label \\
+% 2. & |\NAT@date| & year, with possible extra label \\
+% 3. & |\NAT@name| & short author list \\
+% 4. & |\NAT@all@names| & long author list (optional)
+% \end{tabular}\end{quote}
+% In order to define each of the above commands as the appropriate item, it
+% is first necessary to expand |\b@|\emph{key} into a temporary command
+% |\NAT@temp|, which is then used as the argument of |\NAT@split|, which
+% makes the individual assignments.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@parse[1]{{%
+%<*209>
+ \@ifundefined{documentclass}
+ {\let\prm=\relax\let\psf=\relax\let\ptt=\relax\let\pbf=\relax
+ \let\psl=\relax\let\psc=\relax\let\pit=\relax\let\pem=\relax
+ \let\prmfamily=\relax\let\psffamily=\relax\let\pttfamily=\relax
+ \let\pbfseries=\relax\let\pslshape=\relax\let\pscshape=\relax
+ \let\pitshape=\relax\let\pmdseries=\relax\let\pupshape=\relax
+ \let\pc=\relax \let\pd=\relax \let\pb=\relax}
+ {\let\protect=\@unexpandable@protect\let~\relax}%
+%</209>
+%<!209> \let\protect=\@unexpandable@protect\let~\relax
+ \xdef\NAT@temp{\csname b@#1\@extra@b@citeb\endcsname}}%
+ \expandafter\NAT@split\NAT@temp
+ \expandafter\NAT@parse@date\NAT@date??????@@%
+%<!subpack&!209> \ifciteindex\NAT@index\fi
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Some further notes on the above: for 2.09 it is necessary to turn off all the
+% protected font commands |\prm| etc.\ when the label text is expanded into
+% |\NAT@temp|, for otherwise there will be problems with the New Font
+% Selection Scheme (NFSS); the protected sub-accent commands (protected
+% versions of |\c|, |\d|, and |\b|) also cause troubles on expansion.
+% Admittedly, this is not a good solution, for the list of problem commands
+% might be much longer, but for the meantime, this will have to do.
+%
+% For \LaTeXe, at least after the official release of
+% \texttt{1994/06/01}, commands are made robust in a totally different
+% manner, no longer by adding a \texttt{p} in front, but by adding a space
+% afterwards. This means the commands in the auxiliary files look like the
+% protected version once again, and not raw commands. They are infinitely
+% protected. The above problem is easily overcome by making |\protect|
+% equal to |\@unexpandable@protect|. A definitive list of commands to
+% protect is no longer necessary. (Initially I used |\noexpand|, but
+% that only worked for font commands, not accents. Reading the documentation
+% in \texttt{ltdefns.dtx} indicated that this is the better redefinition
+% of |\protect|.)
+%
+% This trick is also applied to the 2.09 version for when it is running
+% in the compatibility mode of \LaTeXe. This is needed for the
+% journal-specific coding, more than for the normal package.
+%
+% The automatic indexing of citations (|\NAT@index|) is described in
+% Section~\ref{sec:idx}.
+%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@split}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Changed to support full author list}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Fix coding slightly}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Renamed from \cs{@citez}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for new \cs{bibcite} structure}
+% The actual assignments of the author--year and numerical label texts to
+% the corresponding commands is carried out by |\NAT@split|. If the long
+% author list is missing (argument |#4|), it is set equal to the short
+% list.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@split[4]{%
+ \gdef\NAT@num{#1}\gdef\NAT@name{#3}\gdef\NAT@date{#2}%
+ \gdef\NAT@all@names{#4}%
+ \ifx\NAT@noname\NAT@all@names \gdef\NAT@all@names{#3}\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@parse@date}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Add macro to split date into year and extra label}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Put extra label in braces to localize any font
+% changes}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Rename from \cs{@parse@date}}
+% With version 5.4, add the macro |\NAT@parse@date| that splits the date up
+% into year and extra label, putting them into |\NAT@year| and |\NAT@exlab|.
+% This is used to test if authors and years are equal for two adjacent
+% citations, in which case, only the extra label is printed. The
+% macro searches the first 4 characters of the date for a letter
+% (|\catcode|=11) which then becomes the extra label. If there are only
+% numerals in the first 4 positions (more precisely, non-letters), the 5th
+% character is taken as extra label. If there is none, this will be a
+% question mark.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@parse@date{}
+\def\NAT@parse@date#1#2#3#4#5#6@@{%
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#1=11\def\NAT@year{}\def\NAT@exlab{#1}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#2=11\def\NAT@year{#1}\def\NAT@exlab{#2}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#3=11\def\NAT@year{#1#2}\def\NAT@exlab{#3}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#4=11\def\NAT@year{#1#2#3}\def\NAT@exlab{#4}\else
+ \def\NAT@year{#1#2#3#4}\def\NAT@exlab{{#5}}\fi\fi\fi\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Automatic Index Entries for Citations}\label{sec:idx}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@idxtxt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@index}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add macro}
+% To make an entry in the index for every citation, I have added
+% |\NAT@index| to the |\NAT@parse| command. This will do nothing unless
+% |\makeindex| has been issued in the preamble, in which case it writes the
+% citation information to the \texttt{.idx} file by means of the standard
+% \LaTeX\ internal |\@wrindex|. The actual format of the citation
+% information is contained in |\NAT@idxtxt| which a user may redefine if
+% needed.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\newcommand\NAT@index{}
+\let\NAT@makeindex=\makeindex
+\renewcommand\makeindex{\NAT@makeindex
+ \renewcommand\NAT@index{\@bsphack\begingroup
+ \def~{\string~}\@wrindex{\NAT@idxtxt}}}
+\newcommand\NAT@idxtxt{\NAT@name\ \NAT@open\NAT@date\NAT@close}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifciteindex}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add flag}
+% The switch for activating automatic citation indexing is defined here.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifciteindex \citeindexfalse
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeindextype}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 29}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@index@alt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 29}{Add macro}
+% The above coding will not work with the package \texttt{index.sty} by
+% David~M. Jones. For that package, an alternative definition of |\NAT@index|
+% is needed which is activated at the beginning of the document if
+% \texttt{index} has been loaded. It thus does not matter in which order
+% \thestyle\ or \texttt{index} are loaded.
+%
+% With the \texttt{index} package, it is possible to have several index
+% files, defined by a |\newindex| command that associates a name with two
+% file extensions. By default, the name \texttt{default} is associated with
+% \texttt{.idx} and \texttt{.ind}. To make the automatic index entries go to
+% a different set, redefine |\citeindextype|.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\citeindextype{default}
+\newcommand\NAT@index@alt{{\let\protect=\noexpand\let~\relax
+ \xdef\NAT@temp{\NAT@idxtxt}}\expandafter\NAT@exp\NAT@temp\@nil}
+\newcommand\NAT@exp{}
+\def\NAT@exp#1\@nil{\index[\citeindextype]{#1}}
+
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\@ifpackageloaded{index}{\let\NAT@index=\NAT@index@alt}{}}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Writing the Entries to the Auxiliary File}
+%
+% \noindent(New to version 6.0.)
+%
+% The author--year information is transferred from the \btx{} database to
+% the document via |\bibitem| commands in the |thebibliography|
+% environment. Standard \LaTeX\ simply assigns a running number to these
+% entries, and writes that number with the citation key to the auxiliary
+% file. For author--year citations, the author list and year must be written
+% somehow to the auxiliary file. The form for this is to be
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibcite|\marg{key}|{|\marg{num}\marg{year}\marg{short}\marg{long}|}|
+% \end{quote}
+% This is the same form as in standard \LaTeX, except that the second
+% argument becomes a set of 4 items. Here \emph{num} is the sequential
+% number that is to be used if a numerical style is selected, \emph{short}
+% is the abbreviate author list (Jones et al.), \emph{long} the full author
+% list.
+%
+% The author--year information is contained in the optional argument to
+% |\bibitem|, but just how it is formatted depends on the system used. The
+% native \thestyle\ syntax is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[|\emph{short}|(|\emph{year}|)|\emph{long}|]|\marg{key}
+% \end{quote}
+% while the \texttt{chicago} system is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear|\marg{long}\marg{short}\marg{year}|]|%
+% \marg{key}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@ifcmd}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@ifxcmd}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% It is necessary to process the optional argument by first testing if it
+% contains a command, and if so, to execute that command. Otherwise, insert
+% our own command to process the following text.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@ifcmd{\futurelet\NAT@temp\NAT@ifxcmd}
+\newcommand\NAT@ifxcmd{\ifx\NAT@temp\relax\else\expandafter\NAT@bare\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% This actually only tests if the next token expands to |\relax|, which is
+% what |\protect| will be at this point. If so, just procede: the command
+% itself follows. Otherwise, insert |\NAT@bare|. (Note, we must also define
+% the possible commands like |\citeauthoryear| to do what we want.)
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bare}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% The command that is inserted if none is present must parse the native
+% syntax for the author--year information. The template is somewhat complex
+% because it must be able to test if there are no parentheses at all, in
+% which case it activates the alternative, |\NAT@apalk| for the
+% \texttt{apalike} syntax. When |\NAT@ifcmd| is invoked, it adds
+% |()()\@nil| in order to provide the full template of |\NAT@bare|; if the
+% argument itself contains no text in parentheses (not \thestyle{}
+% syntax) then |#2| will be empty; otherwise, |#4| catches the extra
+% parentheses.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\def\NAT@bare#1(#2)#3()#4\@nil#5{%
+%<*all|apalike|authordate>
+ \if\relax#2\relax
+ \expandafter\NAT@apalk#1, , \@nil{#5}\else
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}%
+%</all|apalike|authordate>
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{#3}{#5}
+%<all|apalike|authordate>\fi
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The |NAT@ctr| above contains the designation of whatever counter is
+% selected in the list environment for the \texttt{thebibliography}; it is
+% the sequential counter for the entries.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@wrout}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@noname}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Prevent expansion of forced space (tilde)}
+% Write the information to the auxiliary file as two arguments to |\bibcite|.
+%
+% Note: the 5 arguments are: counter, year, short list, long list, key.
+% The two author lists are written enclosed in braces to make sure any
+% font commands are kept local. Otherwise, one level of braces disappears for
+% authors like |{\em Jones}|.
+%
+% To test later for the absence of names, define |\NAT@noname| here.
+% Define it with |\def|, otherwise it will be `long' and will not test
+% correctly with |\NAT@all@names| which is defined with |\gdef|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@wrout[5]{%
+\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand\let~\relax
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#5}{{#1}{#2}{{#3}}{{#4}}}}}\fi
+\ignorespaces}
+\def\NAT@noname{{}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibitem}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode from standard}
+% \begin{macro}{\@lbibitem}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode from standard}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% The above commands are initiated with |\NAT@ifcmd| which decides whether
+% |\NAT@bare| or one of the other commands is to be executed on the
+% following arguments. It is actually |\@lbibitem| that calls |\NAT@ifcmd|,
+% which in turn is invoked by the user command |\bibitem|.
+%
+% If |\bibitem| has no optional argument, then we have a numerical citation
+% style, which is to be forced by setting |\NAT@stdbst|. Put the sequential
+% counter value in as the argument to |\@lbibitem| which is then treated as
+% a non-author--year label.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\renewcommand\bibitem{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@lbibitem}{%
+%<!subpack> \global\NAT@stdbsttrue
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\@lbibitem[\arabic{NAT@ctr}]}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Write the label with |\item| in the bibliography listing with the current
+% value of |\NAT@num|, if it exists. This will either be the sequential
+% number or whatever non-author--year text that was given as a special
+% `numerical'. Since |\@biblabel| outputs only in numerical mode, this
+% label vanishes for author--year mode.
+%
+% Finally invoke |\NAT@ifcmd| with the funny template to activate
+% |\NAT@bare| or some alternative.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{%
+ \@ifundefined{b@#2\@extra@b@citeb}{\def\NAT@num{}}{\NAT@parse{#2}}%
+ \item[\hfil\hyper@natanchorstart{#2}\@biblabel{\NAT@num}%
+ \hyper@natanchorend]%
+ \NAT@ifcmd#1()()\@nil{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Note: in standard \LaTeX, the sequential list counter is printed directly
+% with |\item|, and then written to the auxiliary file so that |\cite| can
+% refer to it on the next run. Here, |\item| prints exactly the same thing
+% as |\cite| on the current run, if we are in numerical mode, otherwise
+% nothing.
+%
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 10}{Include \texttt{showkeys} coding if already
+% loaded}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 27}{Remove from 2.09 coding}
+% If the \texttt{showkeys} package has already been loaded, the revised
+% version of |\@lbibitem| will not have been saved. In this case, rerun some
+% of the coding from that package. (If \texttt{showkeys} is loaded after
+% \thestyle, there is no problem.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\@ifpackageloaded{showkeys}{%
+ \let\SK@lbibitem\@lbibitem
+ \def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{%
+ \SK@lbibitem[#1]{#2}\SK@\SK@@label{#2}\ignorespaces}}{}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@stdbst}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add flag}
+% If any non-author--year |\bibitem|s have been issued, then force
+% numerical mode, since the author--year |\bibitem|s can handle this, but
+% the numerical ones cannot work in author--year mode. Do this by inserting
+% |\NAT@numberstrue| in the auxiliary file.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newif\ifNAT@stdbst \NAT@stdbstfalse
+
+%<209>\let\NAT@enddoc=\enddocument
+%<209>\def\enddocument
+%<!209>\AtEndDocument
+ {\ifNAT@stdbst\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string
+ \global\string\NAT@numberstrue}\fi\fi
+%<209>\NAT@enddoc
+ }
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibcite}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 5}{Add own coding for this macro}
+% \changes{6.1a}{1995 Dec 19}{Add own test for changed citations}
+% Not wanting to rely on the coding for |\bibcite| in the kernel, I define
+% it myself. It is not enough just to `provide' it, for it must do the
+% right thing: write a label named |\b@|\emph{key}. The \LaTeX3 boys
+% might decide to keep the command, but have it store the citations with
+% a different prefix.
+%
+% (I outsmarted myself here again. The test for changed citations and
+% references involves reading in the auxiliary file with revised
+% definitions for |\label| and |\bibcite|. The December~1995 release does
+% this via a generalized labelling command |\@newl@bel|. As a result, I
+% must add this test myself. Not so bad, because the warning comes from
+% \thestyle\ and explicitly refers to citations instead of just
+% `references'.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\bibcite{}
+\renewcommand\bibcite[2]{\@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@binfo}\relax
+ {\NAT@citemultiple
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{Citation `#1' multiply defined}}%
+ \global\@namedef{b@#1\@extra@binfo}{#2}}
+\AtEndDocument{\NAT@swatrue\renewcommand\bibcite[2]%
+ {\NAT@testdef{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand\NAT@testdef[2]{%
+ \def\NAT@temp{#2}\expandafter \ifx \csname b@#1\@extra@binfo\endcsname
+ \NAT@temp \else \ifNAT@swa \NAT@swafalse
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{Citation(s) may have
+ changed.\MessageBreak
+ Rerun to get citations correct}\fi\fi}
+%</!209>
+%<209>\renewcommand\bibcite[2]{\global\@namedef{b@#1\@extra@binfo}{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Other Author--Year Schemes}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@apalk}
+% \changes{4.1}{1993 Oct 4}{Simplify by using comma-space as separator}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Full author list equals short list}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Renamed from \cs{@citeapalk}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recoded for version~6.0}
+% If the argument of |\bibitem| contains no command, and if it does not
+% conform to the \thestyle{} syntax, then try the \texttt{apalike}
+% syntax (\emph{short}\texttt{, }\emph{year}). This has a funny template
+% too in order to test for different syntax, which is indicated when |#2|
+% is empty. In this case, give up trying to fit it to author--year formats,
+% and go over to `numerical' with a special label. Set the flag
+% |\NAT@stdbst| to mark this. This forces a numerical citation style.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*all|apalike|authordate>
+\newcommand\NAT@apalk{}
+\def\NAT@apalk#1, #2, #3\@nil#4{\if\relax#2\relax
+%<!subpack> \global\NAT@stdbsttrue
+ \NAT@wrout{#1}{}{}{}{#4}\else
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}%
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#4}\fi}
+%</all|apalike|authordate>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Note: the |NAT@ctr| is stepped here and everywhere else it is used,
+% except when a special `numerical' label is being used. This conforms to
+% standard \LaTeX\ which only increments the counter for pure numerical
+% labels, without an optional argument to |\bibitem|.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% The other schemes of citation labelling may also be accommodated, more
+% easily than \texttt{apalike}. It is just necessary to define the particular
+% commands, like |\citeauthoryear| to write the arguments to the
+% auxiliary file in the required. These commands are detected by
+% |\NAT@ifcmd| and simply left to be executed.
+%
+% The only complication is that |\citeauthoryear| may be given with two or
+% three arguments. This is accommodated by testing the |#3| and changing
+% the form of the write command accordingly.
+%
+% The form of the template is the same as for |\NAT@bare|, since this
+% command is inserted in its place and must therefore conform to its
+% syntax.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeauthoryear}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Allow full authors in citation}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% For \texttt{newapa.bst} itself, the commands |\citestarts|, |\citeends|,
+% as well as |\betweenauthors| must be defined; for others in this group,
+% these commands are not needed.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*newapa|chicago|all>
+\newcommand\citeauthoryear{}
+\def\citeauthoryear#1#2#3()()\@nil#4{\stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\if\relax#3\relax
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#4}\else
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#3}{#2}{#1}{#4}\fi}
+\newcommand\citestarts{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\citeends{\NAT@close}
+\newcommand\betweenauthors{and}
+%</newapa|chicago|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\astroncite}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% The |\astroncite| command must similarly conform to |\NAT@bare| syntax
+% and put its arguments into the auxiliary file in the correct order.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*astron|all>
+\newcommand\astroncite{}
+\def\astroncite#1#2()()\@nil#3{\stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\NAT@wrout{\arabic
+{NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#3}}
+%</astron|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citename}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% The |\citename| command just converts its arguments to the |\NAT@apalk|
+% syntax, since its first argument should end in \verb*!, ! as for
+% \texttt{apalike}. By making use of |\NAT@apalk| here, it is also possible
+% to check for non-conformity of the syntax.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*authordate|all>
+\newcommand\citename{}
+\def\citename#1#2()()\@nil#3{\expandafter\NAT@apalk#1#2, \@nil{#3}}
+%</authordate|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\harvarditem}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Allow full authors in citation}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Defined in \LaTeXe\ terms}
+% The Harvard family is allowed for simply by defining |\harvarditem| in
+% terms of |\bibitem| with the \thestyle{} form.
+%
+% The |\harvarditem| must allow for the optional argument, which is
+% the short author list. Use the short list in |\bibitem| if it is there,
+% otherwise the long list must be taken.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*harvard|all>
+%<!209>\newcommand\harvarditem[4][]%
+%<209>\def\harvarditem{\@ifnextchar[{\@harvarditem}{\@harvarditem[]}}
+%<209>\def\@harvarditem[#1]#2#3#4%
+ {\if\relax#1\relax\bibitem[#2(#3)]{#4}\else
+ \bibitem[#1(#3)#2]{#4}\fi }
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The command |\citeasnoun| must be defined since \texttt{harvard.bst}
+% can add it for cross-referencing.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardleft}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardright}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardyearleft}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardyearright}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardand}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardurl}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% The \texttt{harvard} package has been updated for \LaTeXe, and includes
+% some new punctuation commands in the accompanying \texttt{bst} files.
+% (Maybe they were always there and I overlooked them.) In order for
+% \thestyle{} to work with these, it needs to define them. The |left| and
+% |right| commands have equivalents already; |\harvardurl| is defined
+% as in \texttt{harvard.sty}. It is necessary to define |\harvardand|
+% conditionally, and only later, in case it has already been set to
+% something else by a |\bibstyle@xxx| (e.g., \texttt{agsm} sets it
+% to |\&|.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\harvardleft{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\harvardright{\NAT@close}
+\newcommand\harvardyearleft{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\harvardyearright{\NAT@close}
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\providecommand{\harvardand}{and}}
+%<209>\def\harvardand{and}
+\newcommand\harvardurl[1]{\textbf{URL:} \textit{##1}}
+%</harvard|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{The Bibliography Listing}
+% Changes must be made to the \texttt{thebibliography} environment for
+% author--year citations. This is done be defining the environment with the
+% features common to both schemes, and then by invoking |\@bibsetup|, which
+% is either the author--year or numerical version.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibsection}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Make specific for JGR, GRL, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Use \cs{renewcommand}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Apr 15}{Modified for \texttt{amsart} and \texttt{amsbook}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Modified for \texttt{sectionbib} option}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Feb 5}{Allow for \cs{bib@headings} in KOMA scripts}
+% First, |\bibsection| is defined according to the main style: if chapters
+% exist, then the bibliography is a numberless chapter, otherwise a
+% numberless section. For the specific journals, |\bibsection| takes on
+% special definitions.
+%
+% Since the AMS classes \texttt{amsart} and \texttt{amsbook} redefine
+% |\section*| in a way that is incompatible with the way it is used in
+% the \texttt{bibliographystyle} environment, it is necessary to remove the
+% |\@mkboth| from the section title. Since these classes do not use this
+% command at this point, there is no loss of functionality.
+%
+% The packages of the KOMA scripts make use of |\bib@heading| which functions
+% much like |\bibsection|. If it is defined, let |\bibsection| be equal to it.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!agu&!egs>
+%<!209>\providecommand\bibsection{}
+%<209>\def\bibsection{}
+\@ifundefined{chapter}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}}}}
+ {\@ifundefined{NAT@sectionbib}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\chapter*{\bibname
+ \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}}}}
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\bibname
+ \ifx\@mkboth\@gobbletwo\else\markright{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}\fi}}}}
+%<*!subpack>
+%<*!209>
+\@ifclassloaded{amsart}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\refname}}{}}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{amsbook}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\bibname}}{}}{}
+%</!209>
+\@ifundefined{bib@heading}{}{\let\bibsection\bib@heading}
+%</!subpack>
+%</!agu&!egs>
+%<egs>\def\bibsection{\if@draft\newpage\fi
+%<egs> \noappendix\section*{\refname}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{environment}{thebibliography}
+% \changes{4.1b}{1993 Oct 18}{Add \cmd{\bibfont}, defaulted
+% to \cmd{\relax}}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Add coding for JGR, GRL, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Nov 20}{Remove coding for AGU, since AGU-supplied
+% coding is adequate but different}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Put \cmd{\bibfont} at start so \cmd{\list}
+% uses list parameters appropriate for the font size}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Add \cmd{\if@openbib} as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Add special cross-ref citations for compatibility
+% with \texttt{harvard}, \texttt{chicago}, and \texttt{named}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Replace \cs{if@openbib} with \cs{ifNAT@openbib}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Replace counter \texttt{enumiv} with
+% \texttt{NAT@ctr} and refer to it explicitly, not with \cs{@listctr}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Use \cs{PackageWarning} for empty
+% bibliography}
+%
+% The \texttt{thebibliography} environment is defined much as normal, except
+% that |\bibsetup| contains the special features for numerical or
+% author--year styles. The command |\bibfont| permits permits different
+% font sizes or styles to be used in the list. For example, for
+% \textsl{Nonlinear Processes} it is |\small|. This means |\bibfont| must
+% be issued before the |\list| command, since the list parameters depend
+% on the current font size. For \textsl{AGU}, the whole
+% |\thebibliography| is left off, since the AGU-supplied coding will
+% do. It is only necessary to add |\noappendix| to the AGU coding.
+%
+% I have replaced |\if@openbib| with |\ifNAT@openbib| in order to be
+% independent of the standard classes; this flag disappeared with the
+% December~1995 release of \LaTeX, so I do it myself just to be sure.
+%
+% At the same time,
+% I have also decided to use my own counter |NAT@ctr| for the numericals;
+% previously I used |enumiv| as in the standard, and refered to it
+% elsewhere with |\@listctr|, but now I refer to it explicitly. This is to
+% avoid trouble if |\@listctr| should ever disappear. (The value of
+% |\@listctr| is set by |\usecounter|.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcounter{NAT@ctr}
+%<*!agu>
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{%
+ \bibfont\bibsection\parindent \z@\list
+ {\@biblabel{\arabic{NAT@ctr}}}{\@bibsetup{#1}%
+ \setcounter{NAT@ctr}{0}}%
+%<*!209&!subpack>
+ \ifNAT@openbib
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}
+ \else
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
+ \fi
+%</!209&!subpack>
+%<209|subpack> \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus.33em minus.07em}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
+ \sfcode`\.=1000\relax
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The files \texttt{chicago.bst} and \texttt{named.bst} can add the
+% commands |\citeN| and |\shortcite| respectively to the \texttt{.bbl}
+% files, for cross-referencing. Similarly, \texttt{harvard.bst} can add
+% |\citeasnoun|. These commands must therefore be accommodated,
+% as least within the |thebibliography| environment.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<newapa|chicago|all> \let\citeN\cite \let\shortcite\cite
+%<harvard|all> \let\citeasnoun\cite
+ }{\def\@noitemerr{%
+%<209> \@warning
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist\vskip-\lastskip}
+%<!egs>\let\bibfont=\relax
+%<egs>\let\bibfont=\small
+%</!agu>
+%<*agu>
+\let\aguthebib=\thebibliography
+\def\thebibliography#1{\noappendix\aguthebib{#1}}
+%</agu>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{environment}
+%
+% \subsection{Compatibility Commands}
+% \begin{macro}{\reset@font}
+% \begin{macro}{\refname}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 18}{Provide name with \LaTeXe\ too}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibname}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 18}{Provide name with \LaTeXe\ too}
+% For older implementations of \LaTeX~2.09 (before December, 1991) the
+% |\reset@font| command does not exist. It is defined to be |\relax| under
+% normal \LaTeX{}, but does more under NFSS. In case it is not defined, add
+% it here. The naming commands |\bibname| and |\refname| are similarly
+% unknown for this old \LaTeX. They are sometimes even unknown in non-standard
+% classes that are used in place of \texttt{article}, \texttt{report}, and
+% \texttt{book}.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\reset@font{\relax}
+\providecommand\bibname{Bibliography}
+\providecommand\refname{References}
+%</!209>
+%<*209>
+\@ifundefined{reset@font}{\let\reset@font=\relax}{}
+%<!agu&!egs>\@ifundefined{bibname}{\newcommand\bibname{Bibliography}}{}
+\@ifundefined{refname}{\newcommand\refname{References}}{}
+%</209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citeundefined}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Add macro}
+% The December~1995 release of \LaTeX\ considered renaming the command
+% |\G@refundefinedtrue| for flagging undefined references. However, since a
+% number of packages, including \thestyle, were affected, it was decided to
+% retain the old name for the new coding. I had already decided to go for
+% an independent coding, which does exactly the same thing.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\newcommand\NAT@citeundefined{\gdef \NAT@undefined {%
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{There were undefined citations}}}
+\let \NAT@undefined \relax
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citemultiple}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 6}{Add macro}
+% Add the warning about multiply-defined citations, as part of the
+% do-it-yourself |\bibcite| definition.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@citemultiple{\gdef \NAT@multiple {%
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{There were multiply defined citations}}}
+\let \NAT@multiple \relax
+\AtEndDocument{\NAT@undefined\NAT@multiple}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@mkboth}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Provide macro in case it is removed from
+% kernel}
+% Having been burned by the December~1995 update on several internal
+% commands, I have decided to make \thestyle\ as independent as
+% possible, or at least to avoid it crashing when internals are changed or
+% disappear in future. The |\@mkboth| is used in the bibliography listing,
+% and is the same as |\makeboth| with \texttt{headings} pagestyle. Provide
+% a dummy in case it disappears. If the kernel should use a different
+% command in future, the headings will not function, but at least there
+% will be no crash. (Also needed for very old versions of \LaTeX~2.09.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\@ifundefined{@mkboth}{\newcommand\@markboth[2]{}}{}
+%<!209>\providecommand\@mkboth[2]{}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\MakeUppercase}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Provide compatibility for older versions}
+% The |\MakeUppercase| command replaces |\uppercase| in \LaTeXe\ of
+% June~1995. Provide it for earlier versions.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\let\MakeUppercase\uppercase
+%<!209>\providecommand\MakeUppercase{\uppercase}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@extra@b@citeb}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add macro for \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
+% \begin{macro}{\@extra@binfo}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add macro for \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
+% Two commands used by the \texttt{chapterbib} package, but which must
+% be defined to be nothing for use without that package. Do not |\let| them
+% be |\relax|, for that package checks if they exist (i.e., not |\relax|)
+% and redefines things like |\@citex|, which we do not want to have happen.
+% The necessary redefinitions are already included in \thestyle.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\@ifundefined{@extra@b@citeb}{\def\@extra@b@citeb{}}{}
+%<!209>\providecommand{\@extra@b@citeb}{}
+\gdef\@extra@binfo{}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natanchorstart}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natanchorend}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natlinkstart}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natlinkend}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% The \texttt{hyperref} package of Sebastian Rahtz and Yannis Haralambous
+% defines these macros to
+% make hypertext links and references. Without that package, these macros
+% must be turned off. The order of loading \thestyle\ and \texttt{hyperref}
+% should not be important.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\hyper@natanchorstart[1]{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natanchorend{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natlinkstart[1]{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natlinkend{}
+%</!209>
+%<*209>
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natanchorstart}{\def\hyper@natanchorstart#1{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natanchorend}{\def\hyper@natanchorend{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natlinkstart}{\def\hyper@natlinkstart#1{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natlinkend}{\def\hyper@natlinkend{}}{}
+%</209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Sorting and Compression of Numbers}
+% The \texttt{cite} and (obsolete) \texttt{citesort} packages by Donald
+% Arseneau provide the coding for printing multiple citation numbers in
+% ascending order, and with a range where applicable. That is, if the
+% normal result of |\cite{..}| with several keys were [5, 3, 8, 4], the new
+% result would be [3--5, 8].
+%
+% Since \texttt{cite.sty} totally reimplements the citation commands (as
+% does \thestyle) it is not possible to make the two compatible. Instead, I
+% have removed the necessary coding from \texttt{cite.sty}, converted it to
+% \thestyle\ format, and added it here.
+%
+% To activate the sorting and compression of numerical citations, load
+% \thestyle\ with the options \texttt{numbers,sort}.
+% This coding has no effect on author--year citations.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citen}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 11}{Add coding from \texttt{cite.sty}}
+% It is not included in the \LaTeX~2.09 version, nor in the journal packages
+% since it is turned on by a package option, something missing in both of
+% them. Besides, the journals are author--year mode.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\ifnum\NAT@sort=1
+\newcommand\NAT@citen[1]{%
+\nocite{#1}%
+\@tempcntb\m@ne
+\let\@h@ld\relax
+\let\@citea\@empty
+\let\@celt\delimiter
+\def\@cite@list{}%
+\@for \@citeb:=#1\do{\@make@cite@list}%
+\@tempcnta\m@ne
+\let\@celt\@compress@cite \@cite@list
+\@h@ld}
+
+\begingroup \catcode`\_=8
+\gdef\@make@cite@list{%
+ \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+ \@citea{\reset@font\bfseries?}\def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+ \NAT@citeundefined\PackageWarning{natcite}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage\space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{\@citeb}%
+ \ifcat _\ifnum\z@<0\NAT@num _\else A\fi % a positive number, put in list
+ \@tempcnta\NAT@num \relax
+ \ifnum \@tempcnta>\@tempcntb % new highest, add to end (efficiently)
+ \edef\@cite@list{\@cite@list \@celt{\NAT@num}}%
+ \@tempcntb\@tempcnta
+ \else % arbitrary number: insert appropriately
+ \edef\@cite@list{\expandafter\@sort@celt \@cite@list \@gobble @}%
+ \fi
+ \else % citation is not a number, output immediately
+ \@citea \NAT@num \def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+ \fi}}
+\endgroup
+
+\def\@compress@cite#1{%
+ \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
+ \ifnum #1=\@tempcnta
+ \ifx\@h@ld\relax
+ \edef\@h@ld{\@citea #1}%
+ \else
+ \def\@h@ld{\hbox{--}\penalty\@m #1}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \@h@ld \@citea #1\let\@h@ld\relax
+ \fi \@tempcnta#1\def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+}
+
+\def\@sort@celt#1#2{\ifx \@celt #1%
+ \ifnum #2<\@tempcnta
+ \@celt{#2}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\@sort@celt
+ \else
+ \@celt{\number\@tempcnta}\@celt{#2}%
+ \fi\fi}
+\def\NAT@citexnum[#1][#2]#3{\let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\NAT@citen{#3}}{#1}{#2}}
+\fi
+%</!subpack&!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Local Configuration}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add reading in of \texttt{natbib.cfg}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Local configuration read in at end}
+% To accommodate local additional |\bibstyle@| definitions,
+% or any other modifications to the coding, read in
+% configuration file \texttt{natbib.cfg} if it exists.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\InputIfFileExists{natbib.cfg}
+ {\typeout{Local config file natbib.cfg used}}{}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+%</package>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \Finale
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/natbib.ins b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/natbib.ins
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a55f912909
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/natbib.ins
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+%% LaTeX2e file `natbib.ins'
+%% generated by the `filecontents' environment
+%% from source `natbib' on 1996/10/11.
+%%
+% Simply TeX or LaTeX this file to extract various files from
+% the source file `natbib.dtx'
+% Comment out the \generateFile lines for any files you do not want.
+
+\def\batchfile{natbib.ins}
+\input docstrip
+
+\preamble
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+<<<<< End of decommented file <<<<<<
+\endpostamble
+\keepsilent
+
+\generateFile{natbib.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the LaTeX 2.09 version of the package.
+It will not be maintained forever.
+Please upgrade to LaTeX2e so that you may use the proper package.
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+
+% Activate the next line to get a version for running under LaTeX 2.09
+%\generateFile{natbib209.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all,209}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the driver file to produce the LaTeX documentation from the
+source file \inFileName.
+Make changes to it as needed. (Never change the \inFileName file!)
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+
+End of documentation driver file.
+\endpostamble
+
+% Activate the next line for a documentation driver
+% that you can configure yourself.
+%\generateFile{natbib.drv}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{driver}}
+
+\obeyspaces
+\Msg{*******************************************}%
+\Msg{* For documentation, process natbib.dtx *}%
+\Msg{* or the driver file natbib.drv *}%
+\Msg{* (LaTeX2e only!) *}%
+\Msg{*******************************************}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9f44eecfb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Annales Geophysicae
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for Annales Geophysicae
+
+For a quick entry to the Annales Geophysicae-formatting and if you are
+already familiar with the SVJour class you need only the three files:
+svjour.cls, svagp.clo, and template.tex - natbib.sty should be available
+in TeXs search path.
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf)
+ svagp.clo The class option file for Annales Geophysicae
+ natbib.dtx The natbib package of Patrick W. Daly.
+ Typeset this file for complete documentation of natbib.
+ natbib.ins Run the file natbib.ins to produce natbib.sty for LaTeX
+ agpguide.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+ psoutput.zip PS files of the above mentioned DVIs,
+ compressed due to their size.
+
+ subdirectory: example (contains all data of a sample article)
+
+ example.* Example of an article (tex, dvi, ps [in psoutput.zip])
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/svagp.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/svagp.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f0c9224f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/svagp.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION AGP -- Annales Geophysicae
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svagp.clo}
+ [1999/01/11 v1.0
+ style option for Annales Geophysicae]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svagp.clo for Annales Geophysicae}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,twocolumn,10pt}
+\DeclareOption{leqno}{\input{leqno.clo}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iffalse
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{10.5dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{15dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{178mm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{240mm}
+\setlength{\columnsep}{6.5mm}
+%
+\def\agp@maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted later}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+% Abstract move to end of file
+% \ch@ckobl{abstract}{Abstract is missing.}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \def\switch@fnmark{\def\thefootnote{\alph{footnote}}}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\newskip\stretchtitle \stretchtitle=10.75dd plus1fill
+\def\agp@@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\LARGE \bfseries
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\LARGE\normalfont\itshape\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 12.25pt\relax % Abstand nach title
+ \authorfont
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ \vskip-3.25pt
+ {\Large\bfseries
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \switch@fnmark
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\mathrm\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \protected@xdef\@thanks{\@thanks\protect\switch@fnmark}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \small\rm
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 8.35pt
+ \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \normalsize\it
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \vskip 12.85pt
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip15pt
+}
+%
+\def\PACS#1{\gdef\@PACS{#1}}
+\def\@@PACS{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent{\sffamily\bfseries
+PACS.\enspace}\ignorespaces\expandafter\pacsstart\@PACS\par}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\def\agprunnhead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>2
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \unhbox\titrun}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: The running head built automatically from
+ \string\author\space and \string\title
+ ^^Jexceeds the pagewidth, please supply a shorter form
+ ^^Jwith \string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@author}%
+}
+%
+% Changes for Journal AGP
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\if@runhead\iftrue
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\let\@maketitle=\agp@@maketitle
+\let\maketitle=\agp@maketitle
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\agprunnhead
+% Abstract nicht mehr im Kopf enthalten
+\def\@abstract#1{\begin{abstract} #1 \end{abstract}}
+\def\strich{\vspace{5mm}\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\def\sectcounterend{}
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{10.5dd
+ }{\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{10.5dd
+ }{\normalsize\it}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{-1pt}{\normalsize\it}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{-1pt}{\normalsize\sffamily\rmseries}}
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@}
+%
+\def\institutename{\vskip-2.75pt
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \lineskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\vskip0pt\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss$^{\theinst}$\kern.2em}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\kern.2em}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\kern.2em}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss$^{\theinst}$\kern.2em}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+%
+\def\keywords#1{\vskip2\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\ \ignorespaces#1
+\vskip1.5\baselineskip}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{14\p@}
+\betweenumberspace=5pt
+%
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+%
+% Bibliography
+% Loading package 'NATBIB'
+\usepackage[round]{natbib}
+% Changing some parameters of NATBIB
+\setlength{\bibhang}{4mm}
+\let\bibfont=\small
+\def\@biblabel#1{}
+\newcommand{\etal}{\textit{et al}.}
+%
+% Skip the caption to left
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3\hfill}\par
+ \endgroup}
+%
+%\setlength{\leftmargini}{0pt}
+% Loading package 'AMSMATH'
+\IfFileExists{amsmath.sty}
+ {\usepackage[fleqn]{amsmath}
+ \setlength{\@mathmargin}{0\p@}}
+ {\errmessage{amsmath.sty dosn't exist!}}
+%
+\journalname{Annales Geophysicae}}
+%%
+%% End of file `svagp.clo'.
+\endinput
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5337ae1638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Annales Geophysicae
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[agp]{svjour}
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{times}
+%\usepackage{mathtimes}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?} % Insert a subtitle or remove this line
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\abstract{
+Insert your abstract here.
+%
+\keywords{Finite elements, Detonation, Safety}} %end of abstract
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \citet{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem[Author(year)]{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+\textbf{Author}, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem[Author(year)]{RefB}
+\textbf{Author}, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
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Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/agp/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..76f780b167
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a58c415822
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.ps b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.ps
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dcce05b616
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.ps
@@ -0,0 +1,2932 @@
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0
+%%Title: G:\2E-TEST\amalog\amalogui.dvi
+%%Creator: DVIPSONE (32) 2.1.3 http://www.YandY.com
+%%For: Springer Verlag Heidelberg #4 2048 1999 Jan 06 13:57:11
+%%CreationDate: 2000 Jul 05 13:35:50
+%%BoundingBox: 72 139 477 769
+%%Pages: 2
+%%PageOrder: Ascend
+%%DocumentSuppliedResources: font cmr17 cmcsc10 cmr12 cmsy10 cmbx12 cmr10
+%%+ font cmti10 cmr7 cmmi10 cmtt10 cmtt9 cmsy9 cmti9 cmbx10
+%%+ procset dvipream 2 1
+%%Copyright: (C) 1990--1998, Y&Y, Inc. (978) 371-3286 http://www.YandY.com
+%%EndComments
+% Command:
+% C:\programme\yandy\dvipsone\DVIPSONE -v -d=amalogui.ps -l=a4 -s=arborcom G:\2E-TEST\amalog\amalogui.dvi
+% TeX output 2000.07.05:1335
+%%BeginProlog
+/dvidict 315 dict def
+%%BeginResource: procset dvipream 2 1
+% DVIPSONE preamble version 2.1.3 (1998 Dec 8)
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+/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute/Icircumflex/Idieresis
+/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis/multiply
+/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls
+/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla
+/egrave/eacute/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis
+/eth/ntilde/ograve/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide
+/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def
+end % dvidict
+%%EndProlog
+%%BeginSetup
+dvidict begin
+%%BeginResource: font cmr17
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR17 001.002
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:59
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+% Copyright (C) 1992 Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 8 dict dup begin
+/version (001.002) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1988 - 1992 Blue Sky Research and Y&Y, Inc. (978) 371-3286) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR17) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+/BaseFontName (CMR17) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmr17 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-232 -250 945 963}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000795 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+cleartomark
+
+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmcsc10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMCSC10 001.100
+%%CreationDate: 1996 Aug 06 10:25:56
+% Copyright (C) 1996 Y&Y, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 10 dict dup begin
+/version (001.100) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1996 Y&Y, Inc. All Right Reserved. (978) 371-3286) readonly def
+/FullName (CMCSC10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+/UnderlinePosition -100 def
+/UnderlineThickness 50 def
+/BaseFontName (CMCSC10) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmcsc10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{0 -250 1077 969}readonly def
+/UniqueID 9787402 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%%CreationDate: 1992 Jun 07 22:11:29
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+% Copyright (C) 1992 Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 8 dict dup begin
+/version (001.002) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1988 - 1992 Blue Sky Research and Y&Y, Inc. (978) 371-3286) readonly def
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+% Copyright (C) 1997 Y&Y, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmbx12
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMBX12 001.002
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:09
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+% Copyright (C) 1992 Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 8 dict dup begin
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+currentdict end
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmr10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR10 001.003
+%%CreationDate: 1994 Jun 08 05:28:48
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+% Copyright (C) 1992 Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 8 dict dup begin
+/version (001.003) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1988 - 1994 Blue Sky Research and Y&Y, Inc. (978) 371-3286) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+/BaseFontName (CMR10) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmr10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-40 -250 1009 969}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000793 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmti10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTI10 001.003
+%%CreationDate: 1994 Jun 08 12:20:31
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+% Copyright (C) 1992 Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 8 dict dup begin
+/version (001.003) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1988 - 1994 Blue Sky Research and Y&Y, Inc. (978) 371-3286) readonly def
+/FullName (CMTI10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+/BaseFontName (CMTI10) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmti10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-163 -250 1146 969}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000828 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmr7
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR7 001.002
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:55:08
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+% Copyright (C) 1992 Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 8 dict dup begin
+/version (001.002) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1988 - 1992 Blue Sky Research and Y&Y, Inc. (978) 371-3286) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR7) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+/BaseFontName (CMR7) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmr7 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-286 -250 1122 967}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000790 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:42
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+% Copyright (C) 1992 Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 8 dict dup begin
+/version (001.003) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1988 - 1992 Blue Sky Research and Y&Y, Inc. (978) 371-3286) readonly def
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+currentdict end
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+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+% Copyright (C) 1992 Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved.
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmbx10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMBX10 001.003
+%%CreationDate: 1994 Jun 07 08:05:17
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+% Copyright (C) 1992 Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 8 dict dup begin
+/version (001.003) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1988 - 1994 Blue Sky Research and Y&Y, Inc. (978) 371-3286) readonly def
+/FullName (CMBX10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Bold) readonly def
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+end readonly def
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+currentdict end
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30618b1200
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/amalogui.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement
+for\\the Archive for Mathematical Logic}
+
+\author{\copyright~2000, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{5 July 2000}
+
+\newcommand{\command}[1]{{\ttfamily\upshape\char92#1}}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{amalog} option for the \SJour\
+\LaTeXe\ document class. For details on manuscript handling and the
+reviewing process we refer to the \emph{Instructions for authors} which
+can be found at the Internet address
+\texttt{http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00153/index.htm}
+via the link ``About this Journal" and in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for the \emph{Archive for Mathematical Logic} by
+including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[amalog]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{Users guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class}
+The header information (typeset by using the command \verb|\maketitle|)
+will be split on the first page so that the basic information relevant
+for the actual
+article appears at the top and addresses of the authors at the foot of
+the page.
+
+For this purpose the affiliations made with \verb|\inst| in the
+\verb|\author| field have been withdrawn and the command
+\verb|\institute| has been extended, according to the following scheme,
+so as to include the authors' names as well.
+
+\begin{decl}
+|\institute| \arg{author (list) \command{at} address information}
+\end{decl}
+If more than one name/address combination is necessary, please use
+|\and| to separate them (the name of a particular author may well appear
+in more than one of these).
+
+A list of key words may be given and will appear at the foot of
+the first page. To insert them you should use
+\begin{decl}
+|\keywords| \arg{keywords}
+\end{decl}
+in your frontmatter material before the \verb|\maketitle| line. The
+individual key words should be separated by \verb*| -- |.
+
+In addition to key words, authors have the option of including the
+``Mathematics Subject Classification''. Therefore a command like
+\begin{decl}
+|\subclass| \arg{03A60, 12K05, 13L05}
+\end{decl}
+is provided.
+
+\textbf{Running head on the last page.} If the last page happens to be
+an even-numbered left/verso page, there will be the option of creating a
+combined running head, consisting of name(s) (initials/name of single
+author or names of two authors, initials/name of first author + et.al.
+in the case of three or more authors) and the running title. The
+headline that is automatically generated may be too long to fit into the
+space available. In this case, you will be asked to formulate a shorter
+version of the running title and insert this using the command
+\begin{decl}
+|\combirunning| \arg{author list: shortened title}
+\end{decl}
+Note that |\authorrunning| and/or |\titlerunning| are honored first --
+if the modifications introduced by those two commands are enough to form
+a satisfactorily short ``last page" running head no prompt will be made.
+If no suitable abbreviation can be supplied, you can cancel the
+mechanism altogether by including the option |[nosmartrunhead]| in the
+|\documentclass| command.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5d9f439748
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3ab7ac1e00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.ps b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.ps
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..63abee342a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.ps
@@ -0,0 +1,7363 @@
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0
+%%Title: G:\2E-TEST\amalog\example.dvi
+%%Creator: DVIPSONE (32) 2.1.3 http://www.YandY.com
+%%For: Springer Verlag Heidelberg #4 2048 1999 Jan 06 13:57:11
+%%CreationDate: 2000 Jul 05 13:34:55
+%%BoundingBox: 72 168 397 769
+%%Pages: 5
+%%PageOrder: Ascend
+%%DocumentSuppliedResources: font tir Myrbold mtsyn tib mtmi eufm10 tibi
+%%+ font mtex com tii cmsy10
+%%+ procset dvipream 2 1
+%%Copyright: (C) 1990--1998, Y&Y, Inc. (978) 371-3286 http://www.YandY.com
+%%EndComments
+% Command:
+% C:\programme\yandy\dvipsone\DVIPSONE -v -d=example.ps -l=a4 -s=arborcom G:\2E-TEST\amalog\example.dvi
+% TeX output 2000.07.05:1334
+%%BeginProlog
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+/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla
+/egrave/eacute/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis
+/eth/ntilde/ograve/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide
+/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def
+end % dvidict
+%%EndProlog
+%%BeginSetup
+dvidict begin
+%%BeginResource: font tir
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: Times-Roman 002.000
+%%CreationDate: Thu May 1 14:12:30 1997
+%% Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1993,
+%% outline data for producing the Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c)
+%% Times is a trademark of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 11 dict dup begin
+/version (002.000) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1993, 1997 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.Times is a trademark of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries.) readonly def
+/Copyright ( The digitally encoded machine readable software for producing the
+ Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990,
+ 1993, 1997 Adobe Systems.
+ All Rights Reserved. This software is the property of Adobe Systems
+ Incorporated and its licensors, and may not be reproduced, used,
+ displayed, modified, disclosed or transferred without the express
+ written approval of Adobe.
+
+ The digitally encoded machine readable outline data for producing
+ the Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1981, 1997 Linotype-Hell
+ AG and/or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved.
+ This data is the property of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries
+ and may not be reproduced, used, displayed, modified, disclosed or
+ transferred without the express written approval of Linotype-Hell AG
+ and/or its subsidiaries. ) readonly def
+/FullName (Times Roman) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Times) readonly def
+/Weight (Roman) readonly def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/UnderlinePosition -100 def
+/UnderlineThickness 50 def
+/BaseFontName (Times-Roman) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /tir def
+/Encoding TEXNANSI def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] def
+/UniqueID 43146 def
+/FontBBox{-168 -218 1000 898}readonly def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+% Copyright (c) 1996 Publish or Perish, Inc.
+% Hinting Copyright (c) 1996 Y&Y, Inc.
+% MathTime is a registered trademark of Publish or Perish, Inc.
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+/FontInfo 10 dict dup begin
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+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1992-1996 Publish or Perish and Y&Y, Inc.) readonly def
+/FullName (MTSYN) readonly def
+/FamilyName (MathTime) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+/UnderlinePosition -100 def
+/UnderlineThickness 50 def
+/BaseFontName (MTSYN) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /mtsyn def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding 256 array
+0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
+dup 0 /minus put
+dup 1 /periodcentered put
+dup 2 /multiply put
+dup 3 /asteriskmath put
+dup 14 /openbullet put
+dup 17 /equivalence put
+dup 18 /reflexsubset put
+dup 21 /greaterequal put
+dup 22 /precedesequal put
+dup 24 /similar put
+dup 33 /arrowright put
+dup 40 /arrowdblleft put
+dup 41 /arrowdblright put
+dup 48 /prime put
+dup 49 /infinity put
+dup 50 /element put
+dup 55 /mapsto put
+dup 64 /aleph put
+dup 67 /plus put
+dup 68 /equal put
+dup 84 /bracketleft put
+dup 85 /bracketright put
+dup 86 /colon put
+dup 92 /intersection put
+dup 102 /braceleft put
+dup 103 /braceright put
+dup 106 /bar put
+dup 110 /backslash put
+dup 116 /unionsq put
+dup 117 /intersectionsq put
+readonly def
+/FontBBox{0 -954 1043 900}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5087393 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+cleartomark
+
+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font tib
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: Times-Bold 002.000
+%%CreationDate: Thu May 1 14:16:21 1997
+%% Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1993,
+%% outline data for producing the Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c)
+%% Times is a trademark of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 11 dict dup begin
+/version (002.000) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1993, 1997 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.Times is a trademark of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries.) readonly def
+/Copyright ( The digitally encoded machine readable software for producing the
+ Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990,
+ 1993, 1997 Adobe Systems.
+ All Rights Reserved. This software is the property of Adobe Systems
+ Incorporated and its licensors, and may not be reproduced, used,
+ displayed, modified, disclosed or transferred without the express
+ written approval of Adobe.
+
+ The digitally encoded machine readable outline data for producing
+ the Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1981, 1997 Linotype-Hell
+ AG and/or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved.
+ This data is the property of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries
+ and may not be reproduced, used, displayed, modified, disclosed or
+ transferred without the express written approval of Linotype-Hell AG
+ and/or its subsidiaries. ) readonly def
+/FullName (Times Bold) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Times) readonly def
+/Weight (Bold) readonly def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/UnderlinePosition -100 def
+/UnderlineThickness 50 def
+/BaseFontName (Times-Bold) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /tib def
+/Encoding TEXNANSI def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] def
+/UniqueID 43147 def
+/FontBBox{-168 -218 1000 935}readonly def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+cleartomark
+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font mtmi
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: MTMI 1.101
+%%CreationDate: 1993 May 10 16:52:31
+% Copyright (c) 1992, 1993 The TeXplorators Corporation
+% Hinting Copyright (c) 1992, 1993 Y&Y, Inc. http://www.YandY.com
+% MathTime is a trademark of The TeXplorators Corporation
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 10 dict dup begin
+/version (1.101) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (C) 1992, 1993 The TeXplorators Corporation and Y&Y, Inc. (978) 371-3286. http://www.YandY.com) readonly def
+/FullName (MTMI) def
+/FamilyName (MathTime) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle -14.036 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+/UnderlinePosition -100 def
+/UnderlineThickness 50 def
+/BaseFontName (MTMI) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /mtmi def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding 256 array
+0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
+dup 16 /zeta put
+dup 21 /lambda put
+dup 25 /pi put
+dup 27 /sigma put
+dup 46 /parenleft put
+dup 47 /parenright put
+dup 48 /Gamma1 put
+dup 54 /Sigma1 put
+dup 58 /period put
+dup 59 /comma put
+dup 61 /slash put
+dup 62 /greater put
+dup 65 /A put
+dup 66 /B put
+dup 69 /E put
+dup 70 /F put
+dup 75 /K put
+dup 76 /L put
+dup 78 /N put
+dup 80 /P put
+dup 82 /R put
+dup 83 /S put
+dup 84 /T put
+dup 85 /U put
+dup 86 /V put
+dup 87 /W put
+dup 88 /X put
+dup 97 /a put
+dup 98 /b put
+dup 99 /c put
+dup 102 /f put
+dup 105 /i put
+dup 107 /k put
+dup 110 /n put
+dup 112 /p put
+dup 115 /s put
+dup 117 /u put
+dup 118 /v put
+dup 120 /x put
+dup 121 /y put
+readonly def
+/FontBBox{0 -213 987 680}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5018946 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font eufm10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: EUFM10 2.1
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Nov 20 17:36:20
+% Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved.
+% Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Blue Sky Research, Inc. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 8 dict dup begin
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+/BaseFontName (EUFM10) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /eufm10 def
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+currentdict end
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font tibi
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: Times-BoldItalic 002.000
+%%CreationDate: Thu May 1 14:23:59 1997
+%% Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1993,
+%% outline data for producing the Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c)
+%% Times is a trademark of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries.
+11 dict begin
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+/version (002.000) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1993, 1997 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.Times is a trademark of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries.) readonly def
+/Copyright ( The digitally encoded machine readable software for producing the
+ Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990,
+ 1993, 1997 Adobe Systems.
+ All Rights Reserved. This software is the property of Adobe Systems
+ Incorporated and its licensors, and may not be reproduced, used,
+ displayed, modified, disclosed or transferred without the express
+ written approval of Adobe.
+
+ The digitally encoded machine readable outline data for producing
+ the Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1981, 1997 Linotype-Hell
+ AG and/or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved.
+ This data is the property of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries
+ and may not be reproduced, used, displayed, modified, disclosed or
+ transferred without the express written approval of Linotype-Hell AG
+ and/or its subsidiaries. ) readonly def
+/FullName (Times Bold Italic) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Times) readonly def
+/Weight (Bold) readonly def
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+/UnderlinePosition -100 def
+/UnderlineThickness 50 def
+/BaseFontName (Times-BoldItalic) def
+end readonly def
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+% Copyright (c) 1992, 1993 The TeXplorators Corporation
+% Hinting Copyright (c) 1992, 1993 Y&Y, Inc.
+% MathTime is a trademark of The TeXplorators Corporation
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+%%EndResource
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+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: Courier 003.000
+%%CreationDate: Thu May 1 17:17:43 1997
+% font wrapper removed
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 11 dict dup begin
+/version (003.000) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1997 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.) readonly def
+/FullName (Courier) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Courier) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/isFixedPitch true def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/UnderlinePosition -100 def
+/UnderlineThickness 50 def
+/BaseFontName (Courier) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /com def
+/Encoding TEXNANSI def
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+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] def
+/UniqueID 43138 def
+/FontBBox{-23 -250 623 805}readonly def
+currentdict end
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font tii
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: Times-Italic 002.000
+%%CreationDate: Thu May 1 14:20:19 1997
+%% Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1993,
+%% outline data for producing the Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c)
+%% Times is a trademark of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries.
+11 dict begin
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+/version (002.000) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1993, 1997 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.Times is a trademark of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries.) readonly def
+/Copyright ( The digitally encoded machine readable software for producing the
+ Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990,
+ 1993, 1997 Adobe Systems.
+ All Rights Reserved. This software is the property of Adobe Systems
+ Incorporated and its licensors, and may not be reproduced, used,
+ displayed, modified, disclosed or transferred without the express
+ written approval of Adobe.
+
+ The digitally encoded machine readable outline data for producing
+ the Typefaces licensed to you is copyrighted (c) 1981, 1997 Linotype-Hell
+ AG and/or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved.
+ This data is the property of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries
+ and may not be reproduced, used, displayed, modified, disclosed or
+ transferred without the express written approval of Linotype-Hell AG
+ and/or its subsidiaries. ) readonly def
+/FullName (Times Italic) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Times) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+/ItalicAngle -15.5 def
+/UnderlinePosition -100 def
+/UnderlineThickness 50 def
+/BaseFontName (Times-Italic) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /tii def
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+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] def
+/UniqueID 43148 def
+/FontBBox{-169 -217 1010 883}readonly def
+currentdict end
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+cleartomark
+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmsy10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSY10 001.100
+%%CreationDate: 1997 Aug 23 16:21:30
+% Copyright (C) 1997 Y&Y, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 10 dict dup begin
+/version (001.100) readonly def
+/Notice (Copyright (c) 1996 Y&Y, Inc. All Right Reserved. http://www.YandY.com) readonly def
+/FullName (CMSY10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle -14.035 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+/UnderlinePosition -100 def
+/UnderlineThickness 50 def
+/BaseFontName (CMSY10) def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmsy10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-29 -960 1116 775}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5096651 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..50f6a31e35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/example.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+\documentclass[amalog]{svjour}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{amssymb}
+% use Times for text fonts
+%%%%%\usepackage{times}
+% use Times also for mathematics
+%%%%%\usepackage[LY1]{fontenc}
+%%%%%\usepackage[LY1,mtbold]{mathtime}
+%%%%%% coding for first page of a contribution
+%%%%%\input{totalin.aml}
+%%%%%\idline{40: 21--25}{21} % fuer Druckversion
+%\idline{Probab. Theory Relat. Fields 116}{0} % fuer elektronische Fassung (ohne Seitennummern)
+%
+%%%%%\DOIyear{1999} % Jahr der Erstveroeffentlichung ("Online first")
+%%%%%\DOI{123} % Manuskriptnummer
+%
+% Die Jahreszahl fuer die bibliographische Angabe, sowie die im
+% Copyrightvermerk stammen aus dem Maschinendatum. Sie kann mittels
+% \year=2022 % 2022 ist hier nur als Beispiel gewaehlt
+% geaendert werden.
+%%%%%\year=2000
+%
+\def \R { {\bold R} }
+\def \Q { {\bold Q} }
+\def \A {{\bold A}}
+
+\def \F {{\bold F}}
+\def \<{\langle}
+\def \>{\rangle}
+\def \ee{\preceq}
+\def \tilde {\widetilde}
+\def \N {\bold N}
+\def \Z {{\bold Z}}
+\def \E {\text E}
+\def \L {\text L}
+
+\def\(( {(\!(}
+\def\)) {)\!)}
+\def\k{\text{\fontseries{b}\fontshape{it}\selectfont k}}
+
+\def \hat {\widehat}
+\def \Supp {\operatorname{Supp}}
+\def \Suppo {{\Supp}^* }
+\def \iso{\cong}
+
+\def\Cal#1{{\mathcal #1}}
+\def \m{\mathfrak{m}}
+\def \Pos {\operatorname{Pos}}
+\def \supp{\operatorname{supp}}
+\def \bar{\overline}
+
+\spnewtheorem*{thm}{Theorem}{\bf}{\it}
+\spnewtheorem*{prop}{Proposition}{\bf}{\it}
+\spnewtheorem*{rem}{Remark}{\it}{\rm}
+
+\smartqed
+
+\begin{document}
+\title{Riemannian geometry and Hilbert space applied to metamagical
+game theory and the survival problem of Sch\"odinger's
+cat\thanks{K.\,F.\,Gauss was supported by a grant of the Swiss
+National Science Foundation. J.\,H.\,Poincar\'e was partially supported
+by NSF grants DMS-98043192 and NCR-9850637 at Boston University}}
+
+\subtitle{I. Steps towards a theory of almost everything}
+
+\author{K.\,F.\,Gauss \and J.\,H.\,Poincar\'e }
+
+\titlerunning{Elementary theory of rings of Witt vectors}
+
+\institute{K. F. Gauss\at Department of Mathematics, University of
+Illinois at
+Urbana-Champaign,\\ Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
+\email{gauss@math.uiuc.edu}
+\and
+J.\,H.\,Poincar\'e\at Equipe d'Analyse, Tour 46, Universit\'e de Paris
+VI, 4 Place Jussieu,\\ F-75230 Paris Cedex 05, France.
+\email{poincare@math.bu.edu}}
+
+\date{Received: 31 March 1999\,/\,Revised version: 14 October 1999\,/\\
+Published online: 20 December 1999}
+%%%\def\year{2000}
+\subclass{03A60, 12K05, 13L05}
+\keywords{Riemannian geometry -- Hilbert space -- Game theory --
+Survival --\\ Schr\"odinger's cat}
+\maketitle
+\begin{abstract}We indicate a complete set of elementary invariants for
+the ring of Witt vectors over a perfect field of prime characteristic, where this
+ring is equipped with its unique multiplicative set of representatives for
+the residue field.
+\end{abstract}
+
+\noindent
+Theorems of Ax, Kochen and Ersov tell us that the elementary theory of a
+henselian valuation ring of equal
+characteristic $0$ is completely determined
+by the elementary theories of its value group and residue field, see
+\cite{ref1,ref3,ref4}, and the references therein. This elementary
+classification goes through even when
+a predicate is added for a field of representatives of the residue field.
+
+Here we provide a mixed characteristic analogue of the latter when
+the residue field is perfect of characteristic $p$ and the
+maximal ideal is generated by $p$. For a complete discrete valuation ring
+with these properties the analogue of `field of representatives' is
+`multiplicative set of representatives for the residue field' and is due to
+Witt. For proofs of this and related results mentioned below that we shall
+use we refer to Serre \cite[Ch. II]{ref5}.
+We now proceed to precise statements.
+
+Fix a prime number $p$. Let $A$ be a complete discrete valuation ring
+with maximal ideal $\m=pA$ and perfect residue field $\k = A/\m$ (of
+characteristic $p$). Let $\pi : A \to \k$ be the residue class map.
+There is a unique multiplicatively closed set $S \subseteq A$ that is
+mapped bijectively onto $\k$ by $\pi$. (Among the elements of $S$ are
+$0$, $1$ and $-1$.) Each element $a\in A$ can be written uniquely as
+$a=\sum_{i=0}^{\infty}s_ip^i$ with coefficients $s_i\in S$. By \cite[p.
+413]{ref3} one can axiomatize $\operatorname{Th}(A)$ in terms of
+$\operatorname{Th}(\k)$. We extend this to an axiomatization of
+$\operatorname{Th}(A,S)$ in the theorem below. In its proof we shall use
+the functor $W$ that assigns to $\k$ the corresponding ring $W(\k)$ of
+``Witt vectors'' over $\k$. The rings $W(\k)$ and $A$ are isomorphic.
+
+As in \cite[p. 44]{ref5}, let $f : \k \to A$ denote
+the system of multiplicative representatives, that is, $\pi(f(x)) = x$ and $f(xy) = f(x)f(y)$
+for $x,y\in \k$, and thus $f(\k) = S$.
+The following easy result on $\Z$-linear relations among elements of $S$ is decisive.
+
+Let $k = (k_1,\dots,k_n)$ be an $n$-tuple of integers, and let $X=(X_1,\dots,X_n)$ be
+an $n$-tuple of distinct indeterminates. Given an $n$-tuple $b= (b_1,\dots,b_n)$ of elements in an abelian
+(additive) group $B$, put $ k\cdot b := k_1b_1 + \cdots + k_nb_n$.
+
+\begin{lemma}There are polynomials $R_1,\dots,R_N \in \F_p[X]$,
+depending only on
+$p$ and
+ $ k$ and not on $A$, such that for all $ x=(x_1,\dots,x_n) \in \k^n$:
+$$
+k \cdot f(x)= 0 \Longleftrightarrow R_1( x) = \dots = R_N(x) = 0,
+$$
+where $f(x) :=(f(x_1),\dots,f(x_n).$
+\end{lemma}
+\begin{proof}By \cite[Prop. 9, p. 47]{ref5} we have for $x \in \k^n$:
+$$ k \cdot f(x) = \sum_{i=0}^{\infty} f\bigl(P_i( x^{p^{-i}})\bigr)p^i$$
+where $P_i\in \F_p[X]$ depends only on $i$, $p$ and $k$. The ideal of $\F_p[X]$
+generated by the polynomials $P_i$, $i\in \N$, is generated by finitely many among them, say
+$R_1,\dots,R_N$. Then $R_1,\dots,R_N$ have the property described in
+the lemma.\qed\end{proof}
+
+
+The $\Z$-linear relations together with the multiplicative relations $s=s_1s_2$ among the
+elements of $S$ generate all polynomial relations over $\Z$ among elements of $S$:
+
+
+\begin{lemma}Let $U$ and $V$ be multiplicatively closed subsets of
+fields $E$ and $F$
+of characteristic $0$. Let $\lambda : U \to V$ be a bijection such that $\lambda(u_1u_2) =
+\lambda(u_1)\lambda(u_2)$ for all $u_1,u_2\in U$, and such that for all
+$ k \in \Z^n$ and all $u \in U^n$ we have:
+$ k \cdot u = 0 \Longleftrightarrow k \cdot \lambda(u) = 0$.
+Then $\lambda$ extends to an isomorphism from the subfield $\Q(U)$ of $E$ onto the subfield
+$\Q(V)$ of $F$.\end{lemma}
+\begin{proof}Let $P= \sum_i c_iX^i\in \Z[X]$ where the sum is over finitely
+many $i\in \N^n$. Then, given $u\in U^n$, we have $P(u) = \sum_i c_iu^i= 0$ if and only if
+$\sum_i c_i \lambda(u^i) = \sum_i c_i\lambda(u)^i = P(\lambda(u)) = 0$, by the hypothesis of
+the lemma. The conclusion of the lemma follows easily.\qed\end{proof}
+
+ For each $k\in \Z^n$ we fix a tuple $R = (R_1,\dots,R_N)\in \F_p[X]^N$ with the
+property of Lemma 1.
+Let $T$ be the theory in the language
+$\{0,1,+,-,\cdot,{\bold S} \}$ (the language of rings with an extra unary predicate
+${\bold S}$) whose models are the structures $(B,\Sigma)$
+such that \begin{description}[(2)]
+\item[(1)] $B$ is a valuation ring with fraction field $E$ of
+characteristic $0$.
+\item[(2)] $\Sigma$ is a multiplicatively closed subset of $B$ that is
+mapped bijectively
+onto $B/\m(B)$ by the residue class map $b \mapsto \bar b : B \to B/\m(B)$.
+\item[(3)] $\m(B) = pB$ and $B/\m(B)$ is a perfect field.
+\item[(4)] The local ring $B$ is henselian.
+\item[(5)] For each $k\in \Z^n$ we have: $k\cdot \sigma = 0
+\Longleftrightarrow R(\bar \sigma) = 0$,
+for all $\sigma\in \Sigma^n$, where $R\in \F_p[X]^N$ is the tuple associated to $k$, and
+$\bar \sigma := (\bar \sigma_1,\dots,\bar \sigma_n)$.
+\end{description}
+
+\begin{thm} Two models $(B,\Sigma)$ and $(B',\Sigma')$ of $T$ are
+elementarily
+equivalent if and only if their residue fields $B/\m(B)$ and $B'/\m(B')$ are elementarily equivalent,
+and their value groups $\Gamma$ and $\Gamma'$ are elementarily equivalent.
+\end{thm}
+
+Here $\Gamma=v(E^{\times})$ is the value group of the valuation $v$ on the fraction field $E$ of $B$ with valuation ring $B$, and $\Gamma'$, $v'$ and $E'$
+are defined in the same way with $B'$ instead of $B$. These value groups are
+considered as ordered abelian groups.
+
+Following Kochen \cite[pp. 407--408]{ref3}, the idea of the proof is to
+pass to
+sufficiently
+saturated models where the valuation can be decomposed into a valuation of
+equal characteristic $0$ and a complete discrete valuation.
+
+\begin{proof}One direction is obvious. For the other direction we assume that $B/\m(B)
+\equiv B'/\m(B')$ and $\Gamma \equiv \Gamma'$. To show that then $(B,\Sigma) \equiv (B', \Sigma')$, we may assume these two models of $T$ are
+$\aleph _1$-saturated. We focus on $(B,\Sigma)$, but the same analysis will apply
+to $(B',\Sigma')$. We coarsen $v$ to the valuation $\tilde v$
+on $E$ with value group $\tilde \Gamma := \Gamma/\Z\cdot 1$ (where $1:= v(p)$ is the smallest
+positive element of $\Gamma$) by setting $\tilde v(a) = v(a) + \Z\cdot 1$ for $a\in E^{\times}$.
+The valuation ring of $\tilde v$ is
+$$\tilde B := B[1/p] = \{a\in E: v(a) \ge -n\cdot 1 \text{ for some } n\}$$ with
+maximal ideal $\tilde \m := \m(\tilde B) = \{a\in E: v(a) \ge n\cdot 1 \text{ for all } n\}$, and
+residue field $K:= \tilde B/\tilde \m$ of characteristic $0$. Then $\tilde \m$ is also
+a prime ideal of $B$, and $A:= B/\tilde \m$ is a valuation ring of $K$, with maximal ideal
+$pA$. The residue class map $\lambda : \tilde B\to K$ maps $B$ onto $A$, and induces by passing to
+quotients an isomorphism $B/pB \cong A/pA$ of the residue fields of $B$ and $A$. We put
+$\k := B/pB = A/pA$ by identifying these residue fields
+via this isomorphism. Thus $p=\pi \circ (\lambda|B)$ where $p: B \to \k$ and
+$\pi : A \to \k$ are the residue class maps. Hence $S:= \lambda(\Sigma)$ is a multiplicatively
+closed subset of $A$ that is mapped bijectively onto $\k$ by the residue class map $A \to \k$.
+By $\aleph_1$-saturation $A$ is a complete discrete valuation ring, and therefore $(A,S)$ is
+also a model of $T$, by Lemma 1. We now show how to ``lift'' the
+quotient $(K,A,S)$ of
+$(\tilde B,B,\Sigma)$ back to
+$(\tilde B,B,\Sigma)$. The bijection $\sigma \mapsto \lambda(\sigma) : \Sigma \to S$ is
+multiplicative, so by the second lemma $\lambda$ maps the ring $\Z[\Sigma]$ isomorphically
+onto $\Z[S] \subseteq K$. Thus the fraction field $\Q(\Sigma)\subseteq E$ of $\Z[\Sigma]$
+is actually contained in $\tilde B$, and
+$\lambda$ maps $\Q(\Sigma)$ isomorphically onto $\Q(S)$. Since $B$ is henselian, so is its
+localization $\tilde B$. The residue field $K$ of $\tilde B$ being of characteristic $0$,
+it follows that there is a field $L$ with $\Q(\Sigma) \subseteq L \subseteq \tilde B$
+such that $\lambda$ maps $L$ isomorphically onto all of $K$. Then $(L,B\cap L, \Sigma)$ is
+the desired lifting of $(K,A,S)$, that is, $(L,B\cap L,\Sigma) \subseteq (\tilde B, B, \Sigma)$
+and $\lambda$ restricts to an isomorphism $(L,B\cap L,\Sigma)\cong (K,A,S)$. We now shift our
+attention from $(B,\Sigma)$ (an expansion of the mixed characteristic valuation ring $B$)
+to $(\tilde B, L, B\cap L, \Sigma)$ which we view as the equal characteristic valuation ring
+$\tilde B$ equipped with a lifting of its expanded residue field $(K,A,S)$. Note that
+$B$ is definable in $(\tilde B, L, B\cap L, \Sigma)$ as follows: $B=\{x\in \tilde B: x-y\in \tilde \m
+\text{ for some } y\in B\cap L\}$.
+
+We now carry out the same construction with $(B',\Sigma')$, introducing
+$\tilde v'$, $\tilde \Gamma'$, $\tilde B'$, $K'$, $\k'$, $A'$, $S'$ and $L'$ in the
+same way we obtained the corresponding unaccented objects from $(B,\Sigma)$. As we indicated above it
+now suffices to show that $(\tilde B, L, B\cap L, \Sigma)\equiv(\tilde B', L', B'\cap L', \Sigma')$. Consider the rings $W(\k)$ and $W(\k')$ of Witt vectors over
+$\k$ and $\k'$, and for perfect subfields $F$ of $\k$ and $F'$ of $\k'$, consider the subrings
+$W(F)$ and $W(F')$ of $W(\k)$ and $W(\k')$, as well as the corresponding multiplicatively
+closed sets $S(F)\subseteq W(F)$ and $S(F')\subseteq W(F')$ that are mapped bijectively onto
+$F$ and $F'$ by the canonical maps $W(F) \to F$ and $W(F') \to F'$. In particular we have
+isomorphisms $(A,S) \cong (W(\k),S(\k))$ and $(A',S') \cong (W(\k'),S(\k'))$. Since
+$\k$ and $\k'$ are elementarily equivalent and $\aleph_1$-saturated, the isomorphisms
+$F\to F'$ between the countable $F\ee \k$ and $F'\ee \k'$ form a back-and-forth system
+between $\k$ and $\k'$. Each isomorphism $F\to F'$ of this system induces an
+isomorphism $(W(F),S(F))\to (W(F'),S(F'))$, thus giving rise to a back-and-forth system
+between $(W(\k),S(F))$ and $(W(\k'),S(\k'))$. Hence $(W(\k),S(F))\equiv (W(\k'),S(\k'))$, and so
+ $(A,S)\equiv(A',S')$. Therefore $(K,A,S)\equiv (K',A',S')$, and thus $(L,B\cap L, \Sigma)
+\equiv (L', B'\cap L', \Sigma')$. This allows us to apply Lemma 3 below to reach the desired
+conclusion $(\tilde B, L, B\cap L, \Sigma)\equiv(\tilde B', L', B'\cap L', \Sigma')$.
+This application also depends on the fact that $\Gamma \equiv \Gamma'$ implies $\tilde \Gamma \equiv
+\tilde \Gamma'$.\qed\end{proof}
+
+The lemma appealed to at the end is a variant of the well-known results of Ax, Kochen and Ersov, and
+can be proved in the same way, cf. \cite{ref1,ref3,ref4}. In this lemma
+the value group $\Gamma$ of a valuation ring $\Cal O$
+refers to the value group of the valuation $v$ on the fraction field of $\Cal O$ such that
+$v$ has $\Cal O$ as its valuation ring. This value group is considered as an ordered abelian group.
+
+
+\begin{lemma}Let $\Cal O$ and $\Cal O'$ be henselian valuation rings of
+equal characteristic
+$0$ with value groups $\Gamma$ and $\Gamma'$, and let $L \subseteq \Cal O$ and
+$L'\subseteq \Cal O'$ be fields that are mapped onto the
+residue fields of $\Cal O$ and $\Cal O'$ by the residue class maps
+$\Cal O \to \Cal O/\m(\Cal O)$
+and $\Cal O' \to \Cal O'/\m(\Cal O')$. Let $\Cal L$ be an extension of the
+language of rings, and
+let $L^*$ and ${L'}^*$ be expansions of the rings $L$ and $L'$ to $\Cal
+L$-structures. Then
+$$ (\Cal O, L^*) \equiv (\Cal O', {L'}^*) \Longleftrightarrow \Gamma
+\equiv \Gamma' \text{ and } L^*\equiv {L'}^* .$$
+\end{lemma}
+
+The following variant of the theorem can be obtained in the same way,
+by appealing to a corresponding variant of Lemma 3 (see \cite{ref4}). We
+let $\k$ and $\k'$ denote the residue fields of the valuation rings $B$ and $B'$,
+and let $\Gamma$ and $\Gamma'$ be their value groups as in the theorem.
+
+\begin{prop}Let $(B,\Sigma)$ and $(B',\Sigma')$ be models of $T$
+such that $(B,\Sigma)\subseteq (B',\Sigma')$ (so there are natural
+inclusions $\k \subseteq \k'$ and $\Gamma \subseteq \Gamma')$. Then
+$$(B,\Sigma)\preceq (B',\Sigma') \Longleftrightarrow \k\preceq \k'
+\text{ and }\Gamma\preceq \Gamma'.$$ \end{prop}
+
+\begin{rem}In Lemma 1 we described the $\Z$-linear
+relations among the elements of $S\subseteq A$. Another way to do this, in some respects more illuminating, is as follows.
+
+ First, any root of unity in $A$ belongs to $S$ and any
+tuple $\zeta = (\zeta_1,\dots,\zeta_n)$ ($n>0$) of roots of unity
+$\zeta_i\in A$ satisfies non-trivial $\Z$-linear relations. These relations produce
+ in certain obvious ways further relations, for example, for any $s\in S\setminus \{0\}$ the tuple $s\zeta$ satisfies the same $\Z$-linear relations
+as $\zeta$.
+
+ Secondly, an element $a\in A$ belongs to $S$ if and only if $F(a)=a^p$, where $F$ is the canonical lifting of the Frobenius map to
+an automorphism of $A$ (see \cite{ref5}).
+
+Using this last fact one can show,
+following \cite{ref2}, that all $\Z$-linear relations among elements of
+$S$ arise from the $\Z$-linear relations among the roots of unity in $A$.
+This was pointed out to me by Hrushovski.
+\end{rem}
+\begin{acknowledgement}The authors wish to thank H.\,Minkowski and
+D.\,Hilbert for stimulating discussions and encouragement.
+\end{acknowledgement}
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{[KuPr89]}
+\bibitem[A73]{ref1} Ax, J.:
+A metamathematical approach to some problems in number theory.
+AMS Symposium (1973) 161--190
+\bibitem[H]{ref2} Hrushovski, E.:
+The Manin-Mumford conjecture and the model theory of difference fields.
+Preprint
+\bibitem[Ko75]{ref3} Kochen, S.:
+The model theory of local fields. In: {\it Logic
+Conference, Kiel 1974} (Proceedings),
+Lecture Notes in Mathematics {\bf499}, Berlin 1975: Springer, pp.
+384--425
+\bibitem[KuPr89]{ref4} Kuhlmann, F.-V. and Prestel, A.:
+On places of algebraic function fields.
+J. reine angew. Math. {\bf400}, 185--202 (1989)
+\bibitem[S62]{ref5} Serre, J.-P.:
+{\it Corps Locaux}. Paris: Hermann, 1962
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/readme.txt b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..93e176845b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+% readme.txt
+% LaTeX class for the Archive for Mathematical Logic
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+Archive for Mathematical Logic
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ readme.txt This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* Main User's Guide (dvi, pdf) - general overview
+ svamalog.clo The class option file for Mathematical Logic
+ amlaogui.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, pdf) for Mathematical Logic
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+
+INSTALLATION
+
+Copy svjour.cls and svamalog.clo to a place where LaTeX can find them.
+
+
+GETTING STARTED
+
+You should first read the "Main User's Guide" to get an overview
+and then the "User's Guide for Archive for Mathematical Logic" for special
+instructions concerning this journal. Alternatively to reading the
+entire documentation, it is also possible to proceed by merely filling
+out the template and then looking up additional commands as needed.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/svamalog.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/svamalog.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9fabeeab86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/svamalog.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION AMALOG -- Archive for Mathematical Logic
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svamalog.clo}
+ [2000/07/05 v1.0
+ style option for the Archive for Mathematical Logic]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svamalog.clo for the Archive for
+Mathematical Logic}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt\@xiipt
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+\def\subclassname{{\it Mathematics Subject Classification (2000):\/} }
+\def\subclass#1{\gdef\@subclass{#1}}
+\def\@subclass{}
+%
+\def\copyleft{\unskip\ -- \copyright\ Springer-Verlag \number\year}
+%
+\def\nothanksmarks{\def\thanks##1{\protected@xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+ \protect\footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent##1}}}}
+%
+\def\amalogmaketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted
+later}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{keywords}{Key words should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}##1\vrule height0pt
+ width0pt depth8pt}
+%
+\def\PresentAddress##1{\typeout{^^JThank you for stating your present
+address;^^Jit will help us to contact you in the editorial and
+production process^^Jbut will not be printed in the document.}}
+%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \unskip${}\cdot{}$\relax}%
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ {\def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\unskip}\def\inst##1{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\\[3pt]}%
+ \def\at{\unskip: }%
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent
+ \ignorespaces\@institute}\vspace{5dd}}%
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \if!\@keywords!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\keywordname
+ \ignorespaces\@keywords}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if!\@subclass!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\subclassname
+ \ignorespaces\@subclass}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\def\amalog@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup % Start of header box
+ \nothanksmarks
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\Large\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par\vskip 15pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ \vskip-10pt
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \nothanksmarks
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ {\normalsize\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic\par
+ }\vskip9pt
+ \fi
+ \noindent\@date
+ \copyleft
+ \egroup % End of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width\z@ height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip6pt
+}
+%
+\def\amalog@abstract{\small
+\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\def\amalog@endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+\def\strich{\hrule\addvspace{5mm}}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\def\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}%
+\headerboxheight=4.2cm
+\logodepth=.4cm
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern3\p@\hrule\kern2.6\p@}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\rm\rlap{\vbox to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width
+\textwidth\vss}}%
+\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\rlap{\vbox to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width
+\textwidth\vss}}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\rlap{\vbox
+to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width \textwidth\vss}} \hfil \lastevenhead}}%
+\let\maketitle=\amalogmaketitle
+\let\@maketitle=\amalog@maketitle
+\let\abstract=\amalog@abstract
+\let\endabstract=\amalog@endabstract
+\def\keywordname{{\itshape Key words or phrases:} }
+\def\keywords#1{\gdef\@keywords{#1}}
+\let\authorfont=\relax
+\renewcommand{\section}{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{9pt plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\renewcommand{\subsection}{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{9pt plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\renewcommand{\subsubsection}{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\betweenumberspace{0.5em }%
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\sectcounterend{.}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}%
+\journalname{Archive for Mathematical Logic}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svamalog.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..53d61bf333
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for the Archive for Mathematical Logic
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% First comes an example EPS file -- just ignore it and
+% proceed on the \documentclass line
+\begin{filecontents*}{sample.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 19 19 221 221
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 29 1997
+%%Creator: programmed by hand (JK)
+%%EndComments
+gsave
+newpath
+ 20 20 moveto
+ 20 220 lineto
+ 220 220 lineto
+ 220 20 lineto
+closepath
+2 setlinewidth
+gsave
+ .4 setgray fill
+grestore
+stroke
+grestore
+\end{filecontents*}
+%
+\documentclass[amalog,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author \and Second author% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next two lines if not needed
+\thanks{T.\,Second was supported by a grant of the Swiss
+National Science Foundation.}
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{First Author\at Insert the first address here \and
+Second Author\at the second address here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\keywords{Specify -- your -- keywords -- here}
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{sample.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/totalin.aml b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/totalin.aml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7999f30281
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/totalin.aml
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is totalin.aml V1.0 (5. Jul 2000)
+%
+% It redefines the things for
+% Archive for Mathematical Logic
+% and totally camera ready output
+%
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\RequirePackage{graphicx}
+%
+\newsavebox{\logo}\savebox{\logo}{\resizebox{40mm}{12pt}{\small
+\usefont{OT1}{smyr}{bx}{n}Mathematical Logic}}
+\def\AMLLogo{\vbox to 0pt{\vskip-7pt\hbox{\usebox{\logo}}%
+%\vskip4.9pt
+%\hbox to48mm{\hfil\small\copyright\ Springer-Verlag \number\year}
+\vss}}
+%
+\makeatletter
+\newif\ifeled\eledfalse
+\newtoks\idlin@
+\newtoks\DOI@
+\def\DOI#1{\DOI@={#1}}%
+\def\DOIyear#1{\def\DOI@year{#1}}
+\def\DOI@year{0}
+\def\five@digits#1{\ifnum#1<10000 0\fi\ifnum#1<1000 0\fi\ifnum#1<100 0\fi
+\ifnum#1<10 0\fi\number#1}%
+%
+\def\clearflag{\let\if@smartrunh=\iffalse}
+\def\idline#1#2{\global\def\makeheadbox{\vrule width0pt height1.9cm}%
+\idlin@={Arch. Math. Logic (\number\year) #1}\ifnum#2=0\relax
+\clearflag
+\setcounter{page}{10001}%
+\gdef\@oddhead{\small\rm\rlap{\vbox to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width
+\textwidth\vss}}%
+\rightmark\hfil\ifnum\c@page<\@M\llap{\thepage}\fi}
+\gdef\@evenhead{\small\ifnum\c@page<\@M\rlap{\thepage}\fi\rlap{\vbox
+to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width\textwidth\vss}}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+\else\setcounter{page}{#2}\fi
+\def\thispagestyle##1{\global\@specialpagetrue\gdef\@specialstyle{total}%
+\gdef\thispagestyle####1{\global\@specialpagetrue
+\gdef\@specialstyle{####1}}}%
+\def\ps@total{\ifeled
+\global\def\@oddfoot{\hbox{\small\vbox to0pt {\hrule
+ \smallskip\hbox to\hsize{\@journalname\ Electronic
+ Edition -- page numbers may differ from the printed
+ version\hfil}\hbox{page \thepage\ of \the\idlin@}\vss}}}%
+\global\let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot\fi
+\ifnum\DOI@year=0\typein[\doi]{^^JMissing year for the DOI,
+please specify:}\DOIyear\doi\fi
+{\count0=\DOI@year\advance\count0by-\ifnum\DOI@year>1999 2000\else1900\fi
+\xdef\jahr{\ifnum\count0>9\else0\fi\number\count0}}%
+\if!\the\DOI@!\typein[\doi]{^^JMissing
+manuscript number for the DOI, please specify:}\DOI\doi\fi
+\def\@oddhead{\small\rm\rlap{\vbox to\z@{\kern4pt
+\hbox{Digital Object Identifier (DOI):}
+\hbox{10.1007/s00153\jahr\five@digits{\the\DOI@}}
+\kern3pt\hrule width
+\textwidth\vss}}\the\idlin@\hfill\llap{\AMLLogo}}%
+%\copyright\ Springer-Verlag \number\year}
+\let\@evenhead\@oddhead}}
+\def\copyleft{\unskip\ -- \char169\ Springer-Verlag \number\year}
+\makeatother
+\endinput
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/amalog/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/armaguid.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/armaguid.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3358b2a63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/armaguid.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/armaguid.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/armaguid.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47598c4f4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/armaguid.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class user's guide\\supplement
+for\\Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis}
+
+\author{\copyright~1998, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{20 June 1998}
+
+\newcommand{\command}[1]{{\ttfamily\upshape\char92#1}}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{arma} option for the \SJour\
+\LaTeXe\ document class. For details on manuscript handling and the
+reviewing process we refer to the \emph{Instructions for authors} which
+can be found at the Internet address
+\texttt{http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00205/index.htm}
+via the link ``About this Journal" and in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class} \label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{User's guide} you can begin a document
+for \emph{Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[arma]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{User's guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class}
+The header information (usually typeset by using the command
+\verb|\maketitle|) will be split so that the basic information (title
+and author(s)) relevant for the actual
+article appear at the top and address(es) of the author(s) at the end
+of your article.
+
+For this purpose the affiliations made with \verb|\inst| in the
+\verb|\author| field as well as the \verb|\institute| command have been
+withdrawn and a new command \verb|\address| has been added instead.
+Place it after the bibliographic section according to the following
+scheme:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \address{<<address of \\
+ first author>>
+ \and
+ <<address of \\
+ second author>>}
+\end{verbatim}
+If more than one name/address combination is necessary, please use
+|\and| to separate them.
+
+Please avoid adding footnote elements to the header. If, for example,
+you wish to express your thanks to someone who has supported your work,
+place this in the |acknowledgement| environment at the end of
+your article, directly before the bibliographic section.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/history.txt b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/history.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..026dab74cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/history.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Version history for the LaTeX2e support for ARMA (Arch. Rational Mech. Anal.)
+
+ date filename version action/reason/acknowledgements
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ 12.5.98 svarma.clo 1.0 first and initial issue
+
+ 28.7.98 svarma.clo 1.1 \subsection now centered
+
+ history.txt introducing this file
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/readme.txt b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0ecbfff6a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+% readme.txt
+% LaTeX class for Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (ARMA)
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis".
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ readme.txt This file
+ SVJour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ svarma.clo The class option file for ARMA
+ armaguid.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+ psoutput.zip PS files of the above mentioned DVIs,
+ compressed due to their size.
+
+In due course:
+
+ example.* Example of an article (tex, dvi, ps [also in psoutput.zip])
+ figures.zip EPS files needed by the sample file
+ psoutput.zip PS files of the above mentioned DVI,
+ compressed due to its size. The file example.ps
+ contains a ready to print version that can be produced
+ at the publisher only when page numbers are fixed and
+ contains special
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/svarma.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/svarma.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4c25374dd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/svarma.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION ARMA -- Arch. Rational Mech. Anal.
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svarma.clo}
+ [1999/09/09 v1.2
+ style option for Arch. Rational Mech. Anal.]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svarma.clo for Arch. Rational Mech. Anal.}
+\DeclareOption{leqno}{\input{leqno.clo}}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+\let\if@mathematic\iffalse
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{12pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{18pt}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{22pt}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{11.5cm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517dd}
+%
+\def\subclassname{{\it Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):\/} }
+\def\subclass#1{\par\addvspace\medskipamount\noindent\subclassname\
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\def\arma@@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\LARGE \itshape
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \centering
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 0.5cm\relax
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth}}%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ {\large\authorfont
+ \centering
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\par}%
+ \vskip.9cm
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ {\itshape
+ \vskip-.35cm
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \centering
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@dedic\par}\vskip 12pt
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else\vskip.35cm\fi
+ \fi
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\itshape
+ \vskip-.35cm
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \centering
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip .9cm
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \addvspace{22.47pt}
+}
+%
+\def\address{\par\addvspace{18pt}\begingroup\small\obeylines
+\def\\{\par}\def\par{\egroup\hbox\bgroup}%
+\def\and{\vspace{6pt}\\and\vspace{6pt}\\}\@ddress}
+\long\def\@ddress#1{\setbox0=\vbox{\hbox\bgroup#1\egroup}%
+\def\par{\hfil\egroup\hbox to\wd0\bgroup\hfil}%
+\hbox to\hsize{\hfil\vtop{\hbox to\wd0\bgroup\hfil#1\hfil\egroup}%
+}\endgroup}
+%
+\def\accepted#1{\par\addvspace{18pt}\centerline{\small\it(Accepted #1)}}
+%
+\def\arma@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty\else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup #6\relax
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ {\interlinepenalty \@M #8\par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}\addcontentsline
+ {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+ }\fi
+ #7}\else
+ \def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\relax %% \relax added 2 May 90
+ \@svsec #8\csname #1mark\endcsname
+ {#7}\addcontentsline
+ {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}\fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+%
+\newcommand{\armappendix}[1][0]{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \ifnum #1=0
+ \def\@seccntformat##1{Appendix \csname the##1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+ \hskip\betweenumberspace}
+ %
+ \def\arma@sect##1##2##3##4##5##6[##7]##8{%
+ \ifnum ##2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty\else
+ \refstepcounter{##1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{##1}}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa ##5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup ##6\relax
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip ##3\relax\@svsec}%
+ {\interlinepenalty \@M ##8\par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname ##1mark\endcsname{##7}\addcontentsline
+ {toc}{##1}{\ifnum ##2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ {Appendix \csname the##1\endcsname\sectcounterend\
+ }\fi
+ ##7}\else
+ \def\@svsechd{##6\hskip ##3\relax %% \relax added 2 May 90
+ \@svsec ##8\csname ##1mark\endcsname
+ {##7}\addcontentsline
+ {toc}{##1}{\ifnum ##2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ {Appendix \csname the##1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ ##7}}\fi
+ \@xsect{##5}}
+ \else
+ \def\@seccntformat##1{Appendix\sectcounterend
+ \hskip\betweenumberspace}
+ %
+ \def\arma@sect##1##2##3##4##5##6[##7]##8{%
+ \ifnum ##2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty\else
+ \refstepcounter{##1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{##1}}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa ##5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup ##6\relax
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip ##3\relax\@svsec}%
+ {\interlinepenalty \@M ##8\par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname ##1mark\endcsname{##7}\addcontentsline
+ {toc}{##1}{\ifnum ##2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ {Appendix\sectcounterend\
+ }\fi
+ ##7}\else
+ \def\@svsechd{##6\hskip ##3\relax %% \relax added 2 May 90
+ \@svsec ##8\csname ##1mark\endcsname
+ {##7}\addcontentsline
+ {toc}{##1}{\ifnum ##2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ {Appendix\sectcounterend\ \csname the##1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ ##7}}\fi
+ \@xsect{##5}}
+ \fi
+ \let\@sect=\arma@sect
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}%
+ \renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{\institute{~}\date{}%
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip\hfil}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\hfil\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\let\@sect=\arma@sect
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {22dd plus4pt minus4pt}{11dd plus4pt
+ minus4pt}{\centering\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {17pt plus 4pt minus 4pt}{10pt plus4pt
+ minus4pt}{\centering\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {12pt plus 4pt minus 4pt}{8pt plus4pt
+ minus4pt}{\centering\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-5.388pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5pt}{\normalsize\it}}
+\def\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}%
+ {-5.388pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5pt}{\normalsize\it}}
+\let\@maketitle=\arma@@maketitle
+\let\authorfont=\scshape
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: #1}}
+\renewcommand\leftlegendglue{\hfil}
+\renewcommand\floatcounterend{.\enspace}
+\renewcommand\sectcounterend{.}
+\renewcommand\@thmcounterend{.}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
+\let\definition\undefined
+\spnewtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\let\proof\undefined
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\renewcommand\abstractname{Abstract}
+\renewenvironment{abstract}{\section*{\abstractname}}{\par\addvspace{12pt}}
+\let\appendix=\armappendix
+\journalname{ARMA}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svarma.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..287698daa2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for the
+% Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% First comes an example EPS file -- just ignore it and
+% proceed on the \documentclass line
+\begin{filecontents*}{example.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 19 19 221 221
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 29 1997
+%%Creator: programmed by hand (JK)
+%%EndComments
+gsave
+newpath
+ 20 20 moveto
+ 20 220 lineto
+ 220 220 lineto
+ 220 20 lineto
+closepath
+2 setlinewidth
+gsave
+ .4 setgray fill
+grestore
+stroke
+grestore
+\end{filecontents*}
+%
+\documentclass[arma,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author \and Second author% etc
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{example.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+%
+\address{First authors address \and address of second author}
+%
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/arma/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/calcolo.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/calcolo.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..02cea941c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/calcolo.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/calcolo.ps b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/calcolo.ps
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..714f364f90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/calcolo.ps
@@ -0,0 +1,2193 @@
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0
+%%Title: D:\2E-TEST\calcolo\calcolo.dvi
+%%Creator: DVIPSONE (32) 2.0.2 1996 Nov 17 09:24:41 SN 2048
+%%CreationDate: 1998 Oct 12 16:23:43
+%%BoundingBox: 72 139 477 769
+%%Pages: 1
+%%PageOrder: Ascend
+%%DocumentSuppliedResources: font cmr17 cmcsc10 cmti12 cmr12 cmsy10 cmbx12
+%%+ font cmr10 cmti10 cmr7 cmmi10 cmtt9 cmsy9 cmti9 cmtt10
+%%+ procset dvipream 2 0
+%%Copyright: (C) 1990--1996, Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved. (508) 371-3286
+%%EndComments
+% Command:
+% D:\yandy\DVIPSONE\DVIPSONE -v -d=calcolo.ps -l=a4 -s=arborcom D:\2E-TEST\calcolo\calcolo.dvi
+% TeX output 1998.10.12:1619
+%%BeginProlog
+/dvidict 271 dict def
+%%BeginResource: procset dvipream 2 0
+% DVIPSONE preamble version 2.0.2 (1996 October 12)
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+cleartomark
+%%EndResource
+dvidict begin
+% textext encoding
+/textext[/Gamma/Delta/Theta/Lambda/Xi/Pi/Sigma/Upsilon
+/Phi/Psi/Omega/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl
+/dotlessi/dotlessj/grave/acute/caron/breve/macron/ring
+/cedilla/germandbls/ae/oe/oslash/AE/OE/Oslash
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+/parenleft/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash
+/zero/one/two/three/four/five/six/seven
+/eight/nine/colon/semicolon/exclamdown/equal/questiondown/question
+/at/A/B/C/D/E/F/G
+/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O
+/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W
+/X/Y/Z/bracketleft/quotedblleft/bracketright/circumflex/dotaccent
+/quoteleft/a/b/c/d/e/f/g
+/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o
+/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w
+/x/y/z/endash/emdash/hungarumlaut/tilde/dieresis
+ 128 notdef]def
+end % dvidict
+dvidict begin
+% TEXNANSI encoding
+/TEXNANSI[ n n n n/fraction/dotaccent/hungarumlaut/ogonek
+/fl/fraction n/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl
+/dotlessi/dotlessj/grave/acute/caron/breve/macron/ring
+/cedilla/germandbls/ae/oe/oslash/AE/OE/Oslash
+/space/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent/ampersand/quoteright
+/parenleft/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash
+/zero/one/two/three/four/five/six/seven
+/eight/nine/colon/semicolon/less/equal/greater/question
+/at/A/B/C/D/E/F/G
+/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O
+/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W
+/X/Y/Z/bracketleft/backslash/bracketright/circumflex/underscore
+/quoteleft/a/b/c/d/e/f/g
+/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o
+/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w
+/x/y/z/braceleft/bar/braceright/tilde/dieresis
+/Lslash/quotesingle/quotesinglbase/florin/quotedblbase/ellipsis/dagger/daggerdbl
+/circumflex/perthousand/Scaron/guilsinglleft/OE/Zcaron/asciicircum/minus
+/lslash/quoteleft/quoteright/quotedblleft/quotedblright/bullet/endash/emdash
+/tilde/trademark/scaron/guilsinglright/oe/zcaron/asciitilde/Ydieresis
+/space/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar/section
+/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guillemotleft/logicalnot/hyphen/registered/macron
+/degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu/paragraph/periodcentered
+/cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guillemotright/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown
+/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla
+/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute/Icircumflex/Idieresis
+/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis/multiply
+/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls
+/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla
+/egrave/eacute/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis
+/eth/ntilde/ograve/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide
+/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def
+end % dvidict
+%%EndProlog
+%%BeginSetup
+dvidict begin
+%%BeginResource: font cmr17
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR17 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:59
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR17) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmr17 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-232 -250 945 963}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000795 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTI12 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:19
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmr12
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR12 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Jun 07 22:11:29
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR12) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
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+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-246 -251 988 968}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000794 def
+currentdict end
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmsy10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSY10 1.00
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Jul 23 21:24:04
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMSY10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle -14.035 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmsy10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding 256 array
+0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
+dup 13 /circlecopyrt put
+readonly def
+/FontBBox{-29 -960 1116 775}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000820 def
+currentdict end
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmbx12
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMBX12 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:09
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMBX12) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Bold) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmbx12 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-296 -251 1139 946}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000769 def
+currentdict end
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmr10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Aug 11 21:18:25
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmr10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-40 -250 1009 969}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000793 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:16
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
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+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
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+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTT9 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:42
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
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+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/calcolo.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/calcolo.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a850ac6a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/calcolo.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement
+for\\\textit{Calcolo}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1998, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{11 October 1998}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{calco} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Calcolo} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[calco]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{Users guide}.
+
+\section{Extra commands}
+
+There is only one additional command:
+\begin{decl}
+|\subclass|\arg{classification}
+\end{decl}
+It is needed to specify the \emph{Mathematics Subject Classification}
+at the end of the abstract. This command is similar to |\keywords| and
+should appear as the last command inside the \emph{abstract} environment.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/readme.txt b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a58c6e95a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+% readme.txt
+% LaTeX class for Calcolo
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "Calcolo"
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ readme.txt This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf)
+ svcalco.clo The class option file for Calcolo
+ calcolo.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps) for Calcolo
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+Run the *.tex files with your normal LaTeX command to get the
+documentation for the package.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/svcalco.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/svcalco.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3ac0a71b49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/svcalco.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION -- Calcolo
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svcalco.clo}
+ [1997/06/18 v1.0
+ style option for Calcolo]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svcalco.clo for Calcolo}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xipt{13pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+\def\subclassname{{\it Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):\/} }
+\def\subclass#1{\par\addvspace\medskipamount\noindent\subclassname\
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\def\nothanksmarks{\def\thanks##1{\footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent##1}}}
+%
+\def\x@@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \nothanksmarks
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \nothanksmarks
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \normalsize\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\@maketitle=\x@@maketitle
+\def\betweenumberspace{0.5em }%
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\sectcounterend{.}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}%
+\journalname{Calcolo}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svcalco.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ff0a631e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Calocolo
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[calco,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert\thanks{eins} your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have\thanks{zwei} a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\fnmsep\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if
+needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/calcolo/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/cmpguid.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/cmpguid.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0dd7e016d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/cmpguid.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/cmpguid.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/cmpguid.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51e6f0dd78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/cmpguid.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class user's guide\\supplement
+for\\Communications in Mathematical Physics}
+
+\author{\copyright~1999, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{21 June 1999}
+
+\newcommand{\command}[1]{{\ttfamily\upshape\char92#1}}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{cmp} option for the \SJour\
+\LaTeXe\ document class. For details on manuscript handling and the
+reviewing process we refer to the \emph{Instructions for authors} which
+can be found at the Internet address
+\texttt{http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00220/index.htm}
+via the link ``About this Journal" and in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class} \label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{User's guide} you can begin a document
+for \emph{Communications in Mathematical Physics} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[cmp]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{User's guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class}
+The journal Communications in Mathematical Physics does not use
+keywords. Specify the name of the communicator of your paper using
+\command{communicated\{name\}} - if known to you (the above commands
+should appear prior to \command{maketitle}).
+
+Please center your figures and tables by issuing the
+\command{centering} command inside the appropriate environment.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/example.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/example.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..58b4139cab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/example.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/example.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/example.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d79cad296b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/example.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,1148 @@
+\documentclass[cmp]{svjour} %envcountsame
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{amsfonts,amssymb}
+\usepackage{psfig}
+
+\journalname{Communications in Mathematical Physics}
+
+\newenvironment{bew}[2]{\removelastskip\vspace{6pt}\noindent
+ {\it Proof #1.}~\rm#2}{\par\vspace{6pt}}
+\newlength{\Taille}
+
+
+
+\newcommand{\oh}{O(h^\infty)}
+\newcommand{\dx}{\partial_x}
+\newcommand{\dy}{\partial_y}
+\newcommand{\dt}{\partial_t}
+\newcommand{\dz}{\partial_z}
+\newcommand{\dxi}{\partial_\xi}
+\newcommand{\deriv}[2]{\frac{\partial #1}{\partial #2}}
+\newcommand{\ddt}{\frac{d}{dt}}
+\newcommand{\lie}{{\cal L}}
+\newcommand{\pscal}[2]{\langle #1,#2\rangle}
+\newcommand{\ham}[1]{\mathcal{X}_{#1}}
+\newcommand{\Lie}[1]{\mathfrak{#1}}
+\newcommand{\fourier}{\mathcal{F}_h}
+\newcommand{\fouriero}{\mathcal{F}}
+\newcommand{\re}{\mathfrak{R}}
+\newcommand{\im}{\mathfrak{I}}
+
+\newcommand{\phy}{\varphi}
+\newcommand{\epsi}{\varepsilon}
+\newcommand{\bep}{\mbox{\boldmath{$\epsilon$}}}
+\newcommand{\bc}{\mathbf{c}}
+\newcommand{\om}{\omega}
+\newcommand{\al}{\alpha}
+\newcommand{\la}{\lambda}
+
+\newcommand{\ssi}{\Longleftrightarrow}
+\newcommand{\impliq}{\Rightarrow}
+\newcommand{\fleche}{\rightarrow}
+\newcommand{\inject}{\hookrightarrow}
+\newcommand{\restr}{\upharpoonright}
+\newcommand{\trsp}{\raisebox{.6ex}{${\scriptstyle t}$}}
+\newcommand{\limi}[1]{\displaystyle \lim_{#1}}
+\newcommand{\tr}{\textrm{tr}\;}
+\newcommand{\demo}[1][$\!\!$]{\noindent\textbf{Proof }\textsl{#1}. }
+\newcommand{\egdef}{\stackrel{\mathrm{def}}{=}}
+\newcommand{\flechediagbas}[1]{
+ \settowidth{\unitlength}{\mbox{$ ~ #1 ~$}}
+ \begin{array}{r}\begin{picture}(0.1,0.5)(0,0)
+ \put(-0.4,0.5){\vector(1,-1){1}}
+ \end{picture}\\ #1 \end{array}}
+\newcommand{\flechebas}[1]{
+ \settoheight{\unitlength}{\mbox{$#1$}}
+ \settowidth{\Taille}{\mbox{~${\scriptstyle #1}$}}
+ \addtolength{\unitlength}{4ex}
+ \begin{picture}(0,1)
+ \put(0,1){\vector(0,-1){1}}
+ \put(0,0.5){\makebox(0,0){${\scriptstyle #1}$ \hspace{\the\Taille}}}
+ \end{picture}}
+\newcommand{\flechehaut}[1]{
+ \settoheight{\unitlength}{\mbox{$#1$}}
+ \settowidth{\Taille}{\mbox{~${\scriptstyle #1}$}}
+ \addtolength{\unitlength}{4ex}
+ \begin{picture}(0,1)
+ \put(0,0){\vector(0,1){1}}
+ \put(0,0.5){\makebox(0,0){\hspace{\the\Taille}${\scriptstyle #1}$ }}
+ \end{picture}}
+\newcommand{\flechedroite}[1]{
+ \settowidth{\unitlength}{\mbox{$#1$}}
+ \settoheight{\Taille}{\mbox{${\scriptstyle #1}$}}
+ \addtolength{\Taille}{1ex}
+ \addtolength{\unitlength}{4ex}
+ \raisebox{0.5ex}{
+ \begin{picture}(1,0)
+ \put(0,0){\vector(1,0){1}}
+ \put(0.5,0){\makebox(0,0){${\scriptstyle #1}$ \vspace{\the\Taille}}}
+ \end{picture}}}
+\newcommand{\flechegauche}[1]{
+ \settowidth{\unitlength}{\mbox{$#1$}}
+ \settoheight{\Taille}{\mbox{${\scriptstyle #1}$}}
+ \addtolength{\Taille}{1ex}
+ \addtolength{\unitlength}{4ex}
+ \raisebox{0.5ex}{
+ \begin{picture}(1,0)
+ \put(1,0){\vector(-1,0){1}}
+ \put(0.5,0){\makebox(0,0){${\scriptstyle #1}$ \vspace{\the\Taille}}}
+ \end{picture}}}
+\newcommand{\vecteur}[1]{\settowidth{\unitlength}{\mbox{$#1$}}\addtolength{\unitlength}{-0.5ex}\settoheight{\Taille}{\fbox{$#1$}}\raisebox{\Taille}{\begin{picture}(0,0)
+ \put(0,0){\vector(1,0){1}}
+ \end{picture}}\!#1}
+% cette commande peut remplacer \overrightarrow, qui ne marche pas
+% bien (??) en 11pt. Attention,produit une erreur si la fleche est
+% petite !!! (utiliser \vec alors)
+% pour 10pt, remplacer -0.35pt par -0.07ex ou reciproquement
+\newcommand{\cutevector}[1]{\,\settowidth{\unitlength}{\mbox{$#1$}}\addtolength{\unitlength}{-1.3ex}\settoheight{\Taille}{\mbox{$#1$}}\addtolength{\Taille}{0.5ex}{\raisebox{\Taille}{\begin{picture}(0,0)
+ \put(0,0){\line(1,0){1}}
+ \put(1,0){\raisebox{-0.07ex}{\makebox(0,0){${\scriptstyle
+ \rightarrow}$}}}
+ \end{picture}}\!#1}\addtolength{\Taille}{0.4ex}\rule{0cm}{\Taille}}
+% devrait faire a peu pres la meme chose, mais sans erreur si trop
+% petit (mais sans etre plus beau que \vec: ca va depasser)
+\newcommand{\cutevectorbis}[1]{\makebox[0.6ex][l]{$#1$}\settowidth{\unitlength}{\mbox{$#1$}}\addtolength{\unitlength}{-0.5ex}\settoheight{\Taille}{\mbox{$#1$}}\addtolength{\Taille}{0.4ex}\raisebox{\Taille}{\makebox[\unitlength][l]{\hrulefill\raisebox{-0.35ex}{$\!{\scriptstyle
+ \rightarrow}$}}}}
+\newcommand{\tinyvector}[1]{\cutevector{\mbox{${\scriptscriptstyle #1}$}}}
+\newcommand{\cqfd}{\hfill $\square$}
+\newcommand{\finex}{$\diamond$}
+\newcommand{\finrem}{\hfill $\oslash$}
+\newcommand{\dens}{\Omega_{\frac{1}{2}}}
+\newcommand{\Cinf}{C^\infty}
+\newcommand{\COT}[1]{T^* #1 \setminus\{0\}}
+\newcommand{\intint}{\int\!\!\!\int}
+\newcommand{\gener}[1]{\langle #1 \rangle}
+\newcommand{\ind}{\text{\it {\em Ind }}}
+\newcommand{\coker}{\text{\it {\em Coker }}}
+%\newcommand{\im}{\text{\it {\em Im }}}
+\newcommand{\ssub}{\sigma_{\mathrm{sub}}}
+\newcommand{\spec}{\text{\it {\em Spec }}}
+\renewcommand{\mod}{\textrm{ mod }}
+
+\newcommand{\fio}{Fourier integral operator}
+
+\newcommand{\pdo}{pseudo-differential operator}
+\newcommand{\das}{asymptotic expansion}
+\newcommand{\cdv}{Colin de Verdi\`ere}
+\newcommand{\cis}{completely integrable system}
+\newcommand{\mi}{microlocal}
+\newcommand{\ouf}{\vspace{3mm}}
+
+\newcommand{\AAAA}{\fbox{** \`A COMPL\'ETER **}}
+
+\newcommand{\RM}{\mathbb{R}}
+\newcommand{\ZM}{\mathbb{Z}}
+\newcommand{\QM}{\mathbb{Q}}
+\newcommand{\NM}{\mathbb{N}}
+\newcommand{\CM}{\mathbb{C}}
+
+\newcommand{\T}{\mathbb{T}}
+
+\newcommand{\PM}{\mathbb{P}}
+\newcommand{\LM}{\barre{L}}
+
+\newcommand{\B}{{\cal B}}
+\newcommand{\F}{{\cal F}}
+\newcommand{\K}{{\cal K}}
+\newcommand{\A}{\mathcal{A}}
+
+
+\newcommand{\ff}{\emph{focus-focus}}
+\newcommand{\U}{\mathcal{U}}
+\newcommand{\M}{\mathcal{M}}
+\renewcommand{\L}{\mathcal{L}}
+%\renewcommand{\tinyvector}[1]{\overrightarrow{\scriptscriptstyle #1}}
+\newcommand{\bmu}{\mbox{\boldmath{$\mu$}}}
+%\newcommand{\parag}[1]{{\textbf #1} }
+
+\begin{document}
+
+
+\title{{Quantum Monodromy in Integrable Systems}}
+\titlerunning{Quantum Monodromy in Integrable Systems}
+
+\author{San V\~u Ng\d oc\inst{1}\fnmsep\inst{2}}
+\institute{Institut Fourier UMR5582, B.P. 74,
+ 38402 Saint-Martin d'H\`eres, France.\\ \email{San.Vu-Ngoc@ujf-grenoble.fr} \and
+ Mathematics Institute, P.O. Box 80010, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands}
+\authorrunning{S. V\~u Ng\d oc}
+
+\date{Received: 21 April 1998 / Accepted: 8 December 1998}
+\communicated{H. Araki}
+
+\maketitle
+\begin{abstract}
+ Let $P_1(h),\dots,P_n(h)$ be a set of commuting self-adjoint
+ $h$-pseudo-differen\-tial operators on an $n$-dimensional manifold. If the joint principal
+ symbol $p$ is proper, it is known from the work of Colin de
+ Verdi\`ere~\cite{colinII} and Charbonnel~\cite{charbonnel} that in a
+ neighbourhood of any regular value of $p$, the joint spectrum
+ locally has the structure of an affine integral lattice. This leads
+ to the construction of a natural invariant of the spectrum, called
+ the quantum monodromy. We present this construction here, and show
+ that this invariant is given by the classical monodromy of the
+ underlying Liouville integrable system, as introduced by
+ Duistermaat~\cite{duistermaat}. The most striking application of
+ this result is that all two degree of freedom quantum integrable
+ systems with a \emph{focus-focus} singularity have the same
+ non-trivial quantum monodromy. For instance, this proves a
+ conjecture of Cushman and Duistermaat~\cite{duist-cushman}
+ concerning the quantum spherical pendulum.
+\end{abstract}
+
+\section{Introduction}
+Obstructions to the existence of global action-angle coordinates for
+completely integrable systems are well known since Duistermaat's
+article \cite{duistermaat}. It was then natural to raise the question
+about the impact of these obstructions on \emph{quantum} integrable
+systems, at least for the (semi)-classical pseudo-differential
+quantisation on cotangent bundles. The first attempts in this
+direction were \cite{duist-cushman} and \cite{guillemin-uribe}, both
+of them concerning the monodromy invariant for the example of the
+spherical pendulum. This system is indeed one of the simplest (along
+with the Champagne bottle \cite{bates}) that exhibits a non-trivial
+monodromy. The first of these articles \cite{duist-cushman}
+proposed a particularly interesting way of detecting the monodromy by
+observing a shift in the lattice structure of the joint spectrum. It
+is the purpose of this article to state, prove and explain this idea.
+
+Surprisingly enough, this idea of quantum monodromy has been sleeping
+for ten years, before new interest resulted in its experimental
+discovery in the spectrum of excited water molecules
+\cite{child,tennyson}.
+
+
+Back to mathematics, it turns out that, in the framework of
+semi-classical microlocal analysis (developed for integrable systems
+in \cite{charbonnel}), there is a natural way of defining an invariant
+of the joint spectrum away from singularities of the principal
+symbols, that precisely describes the obstruction to the existence of
+a \emph{global} lattice structure for the spectrum. The organisation
+of this article is as follows: we first extract the relevant
+properties of joint spectra, and define the \emph{quantum monodromy}
+invariant for any set that shares these properties
+(Sect.~\ref{sec:construction}). Then we prove in Sect.~\ref{sec:classical}
+that, for spectra, the quantum monodromy is precisely given by the
+classical monodromy of the underlying classical Hamiltonian system.
+The result is applied in Sect.~\ref{sec:ff} to the particularly
+interesting case of systems admitting a \ff\ singularity. The last
+Sect.~\ref{sec:detect} finally shows how to read off the monodromy
+from a picture of the spectrum. As an example, we use the spectrum of
+the Champagne bottle computed by Child \cite{child}.
+
+\section{Construction of the Quantum Monodromy}
+\label{sec:construction}
+Let $\U$ be an open subset of $\RM^n$, let $H$ be a set of positive
+real numbers accumulating at $0$, and for any $h$ in $H$ let
+$\Sigma(h)$ be a discrete subset of $\U$.
+
+If $B$ is an open subset of\ $\U$, a family $(f(h))_{h\in H}$ of smooth
+functions on $B$ with values in $\RM^n$ is called a \emph{symbol} (of
+order zero) if it admits an asymptotic expansion of the form
+\[ f(h) = f_0 + hf_1 + h^2f_2 +\cdots \]
+for smooth functions $f_i : B\fleche\RM^n$. More precisely we require
+that for any $\ell\geq 0$, for any $N\geq 0$, and for any compact
+$K\subset B$, there is a constant $C_{\ell,N,K}$ such that for all
+$h\in H$,
+\[ \left\| f(h)-\sum_{k=0}^N h^kf_k \right\|_\ell \leq C_{\ell,N,K}h^{N+1},\]
+where $\|.\|_\ell$ denotes the $C^\ell$ norm in $K$. The symbol $f(h)$
+is \emph{elliptic} if its principal part $f_0$ is a local
+diffeomorphism of $B$ into $\RM^n$. The value of $f(h)$ at a point
+$c\in B$ will be denoted by $f(h;c)$.
+
+A family $(r(h))_{h\in H}$ of elements of a finite dimensional
+vector space is said to be $\oh$ if for any $N\geq 0$ there is a
+constant $C>0$ such that $\|r(h)\|\leq Ch^N$, uniformly for all $h\in
+H$. If $S(h)$ is any family of sets depending on $h$, then the
+notation $f(h)\in S(h)+\oh$ means that the function
+$\mathrm{dist}(f(h),S(h))$ is $\oh$.
+
+We will say that $\Sigma(h)$ has the structure of an ``asymptotic affine
+lattice'' whenever it can be described with a locally finite set of
+``asymptotic affine integral charts'', in the following sense:
+
+\begin{figure}
+ \begin{center}
+ \leavevmode
+ \begin{picture}(0,0)%
+\psfig{file=424-1.eps}%
+\end{picture}%
+\setlength{\unitlength}{2763sp}%
+%
+\begingroup\makeatletter\ifx\SetFigFont\undefined%
+\gdef\SetFigFont#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \reset@font\fontsize{#1}{#2pt}%
+ \fontfamily{#3}\fontseries{#4}\fontshape{#5}%
+ \selectfont}%
+\fi\endgroup%
+\begin{picture}(5476,2857)(3263,-3061)
+\put(3751,-3061){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$U$}}}
+\put(6076,-1186){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$f(h)$}}}
+\put(7576,-511){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$h$}}}
+\put(8026,-2986){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$h\ZM^n$}}}
+\put(3901,-1186){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$B$}}}
+\end{picture}
+ \caption{An asymptotic affine lattice}
+ \label{fig:chart}
+ \end{center}
+\end{figure}
+\begin{definition}
+ \label{def:chart}
+ $(\Sigma(h),\U)$ is an ``asymptotic affine lattice'' if for
+ any $c\in \U$, there exists a small open ball $B\subset \U$ around
+ $c$, and an elliptic symbol $f(h)~: B\fleche \RM^n$ of order zero
+such that, for any family $\lambda(h)\in B$~:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item $\lambda(h)\in \Sigma(h)\cap B + O(h^\infty) \ssi f(h;\lambda(h))\in
+ h\ZM^n + O(h^\infty)$
+ \item if $\lambda(h)$ and $\lambda'(h)$ are in $\Sigma(h)\cap B$,
+ then $\lambda'(h)-\lambda(h) = O(h^\infty)$ if and only if for small $h$,
+ $\lambda'(h)=\lambda(h)$.
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{definition}
+
+Intuitively this means that zooming by a factor of $\frac{1}{h}$
+inside $B$ makes $\Sigma(h)\cap B$ converge to the standard lattice as
+$h$ tends to zero. The issue here is to see what prevents $\Sigma(h)$
+from \emph{globally} converging to a lattice. Of course, the reason
+for this definition is that, under suitable hypothesis, the joint
+spectrum of a set of $n$ commuting $h$-\pdo s on an $n$-dimensional
+manifold is indeed an ``affine asymptotic lattice'' (see the next
+section).
+
+For short, a symbol $f(h)$ satisfying Definition \ref{def:chart} will
+be referred to as an ``affine chart'' of $\Sigma(h)$.
+
+The main point is that the transition functions associated to these
+charts are elements of the affine group $GA(n,\ZM)$ (following Berger
+\cite{berger-affine}, we denote by $GA(n,\RM)$ the group of invertible
+affine transformations of $\RM^n$, which is the semi-direct product of
+the linear group $GL(n,\RM)$ by the normal subgroup of
+translations. Some authors use the notation $\textrm{Aff}_n(\RM)$
+instead. The subgroup $GA(n,\ZM)$ consists then of elements $A\in
+GA(n,\RM)$ such that $A$ and $A^{-1}$ leave $\ZM^n$ globally
+invariant).
+\begin{proposition}
+ \label{prop:GA}
+ Let $f(h)$ and $g(h)$ be two affine charts of $\Sigma(h)$, both
+ defined on a ball $B$. Then there is a unique
+ $A\in GA(n,\ZM)\subset GA(n,\RM)$ such that
+\[ \left(\frac{g(h)}{h}\right)\circ\left(\frac{f(h)}{h}\right)^{-1} =
+ A_{\restr f(h)(B)/h} + O(h^\infty).\]
+\end{proposition}
+
+Suppose now that $\U$ is covered by a locally finite union of balls
+$B_\alpha$ on each of which is defined an affine chart $f_\alpha(h)$
+of $\Sigma(h)$. Proposition \ref{prop:GA} yields a family of affine
+linear maps $A_{\alpha\beta}$ such that on non-empty intersections
+$B_\alpha\cap B_\beta$,
+\[ \frac{1}{h}f_\alpha(h) =
+A_{\alpha\beta}\left(\frac{1}{h}f_\beta(h)\right).\]
+This in turn defines a 1-cocycle $\M$ in the \v Cech cohomology of $\U$
+with values in the non-Abelian group $GA(n,\ZM)$.
+\begin{definition}
+ \label{def:monodromy}
+ The class $[\M]\in\check{H}^1(\U,GA(n,\ZM))$ of the cocycle defined by
+ $A_{\alpha\beta}$ is called the {\bf quantum monodromy} of
+ $(\Sigma(h),\U)$.
+\end{definition}
+
+Let $L$ be the canonical homomorphism, whose kernel is the group of
+translations:
+\[ L : GA(n,\RM) \fleche GL(n,\RM). \]
+Let $\iota$ be the inclusion of $GL(n,\RM)$ into $GA(n,\RM)$ such that
+for any $M\in GL(n,\RM)$, $\iota(M)$ leaves the origin $0\in\RM^n$
+invariant. Then $\iota$ is an injective homomorphism that depends on
+the choice of the origin $0$, satisfying $L\circ\iota=Id$. Any $A\in
+GA(n,\RM)$ can be written in a unique way
+\[ A = \tau(k) \circ \iota(M),\]
+(which is usually written $A = M + k$), where $M=L(A)\in GL(n,\ZM)$
+and $\tau(k)$ is translation by the vector $k\in\ZM^n$.
+
+The exact sequence of group homomorphisms
+\[ 0\flechedroite{}\ \ZM^n \flechedroite{\tau}\ GA(n,\ZM)
+\flechedroite{L}\ GL(n,\ZM) \flechedroite{}\ 1 \] gives rise to the
+following sequence of maps (which are not homomorphisms, since
+cohomology sets with values in a non-abelian group have no natural
+group structure -- see \cite[p. 38]{hirzebruch}):
+\[ \check{H}^1(\U,\ZM^n) \flechedroite{\tau_*}\ \check{H}^1(\U,GA(n,\ZM))
+\flechedroite{L_*}\ \check{H}^1(\U,GL(n,\ZM)) \flechedroite{}\ 1. \]
+This sequence is ``exact'' in the sense that $L_*$ is surjective, and
+if $L_*([\M])=1$, then there is an integer cocycle $[\omega]\in
+\check{H}^1(\U,\ZM^n)$ such that $[\M]=\tau_*([\omega])$. The
+surjectivity of $L_*$ is due to the existence of the cross section
+$\iota$, which gives rise to the map
+\[ \check{H}^1(\U,GA(n,\ZM)) \flechegauche{\iota_*}\
+\check{H}^1(\U,GL(n,\ZM)) \] such that $L_*\iota_*=Id$. For the second
+point, we remark that if the cocycle $L(A_{\alpha\beta})$ is a
+coboundary, then it can be written $M_\alpha M_\beta^{-1}$. Therefore
+the cocycle $\iota(M_\alpha^{-1})A_{\alpha\beta}\iota(M_\beta)$ (which
+is equivalent to $A_{\alpha\beta}$) has a linear part equal to the
+identity, hence is a translation.
+
+\begin{remark}
+ The lack of injectivity for $\tau_*$ is measured by
+ $\check{H}^0(\U,GL(n,\ZM))$~: one can check that two cocycles $[k]$
+ and $[k']$ in $\check{H}^1(\U,\ZM^n)$ yield the same element of\linebreak
+ $\check{H}^1(\U,GA(n,\ZM))$ if and only if there is an $M\in
+ \check{H}^0(\U,GL(n,\ZM))$ such that $[k']=[M\cdot k]$.
+\end{remark}
+Let us now give various interpretations of the quantum monodromy $\M$.
+
+The action of $GA(n,\ZM)$ on $\ZM^n$ being effective, it is a standard
+fact that the cohomology set $\check{H}^1(\U,GA(n,\ZM))$ classifies
+the isomorphism classes of fibre bundles over $\U$ with structure
+group $GA(n,\ZM)$ and fibre $\ZM^n$ (see for instance
+\cite[pp.40--41]{hirzebruch}). Let $\L$ be such a lattice bundle
+associated to $\M$. The elements $A_{\alpha\beta}$ just define the
+transition functions between two adjacent trivialisations of $\L$.
+
+Since these trivialisation functions are locally constant, there is a
+naturally defined parallel transport $\gamma.p$ of a point $p\in\L_c$
+along a path $\gamma$ in the base $\U$. This defines the holonomy of
+$\L$, as a map from $\pi_1(\U,c)$ into $GA(\L_c)$. We will always
+identify the latter with $GA(n,\ZM)$ by choosing an affine basis of
+$\L_c$.
+
+The choice of such a basis is equivalent to that of a trivialisation
+$f$ of $\L$ above $c$ that sends this basis to the canonical basis of
+$\ZM^n$; the holonomy $\bmu_f$ is then defined by~:
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{equ:holonomy}
+ f(\gamma.p) = \bmu_f(\gamma)f(p).
+\end{equation}
+Finally, this is also equivalent to the choice of an affine chart
+$f(h)$ of $\Sigma(h)$ around $c$.
+If $\M$ is any cocycle associated to this
+trivialisation, then
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{equ:integral}
+ \bmu_{f}(\gamma) = A_{1,\ell}\circ\cdots\circ A_{3,2}\circ A_{2,1},
+\end{equation}
+where $A_{i,j}$ denotes the transition element corresponding to a
+pair of intersecting open balls $(B_i,B_j)$, and $B_1,\dots,B_\ell$
+enumerate elements of a cover of $\U$ encountered by $\gamma(t)$ when
+$t$ runs from $0$ to $1$.
+
+We shall always assume that $\U$ is connected, so that $\bmu_f$ does
+not depend on the base point $c$. Note that since
+$(\gamma'\gamma).p=\gamma.(\gamma'.p)$, we have
+\[ \bmu_f(\gamma'\gamma) = \bmu_f(\gamma)\bmu_f(\gamma').\]
+
+
+It should be noticed that the bundles considered here have discrete
+fibres, so that we could reduce the discussion to the theory of
+coverings. The fibre bundle formulation seems however to be more
+natural when it comes to comparing them with objects arising in
+Hamiltonian systems. Nevertheless, the covering approach will be used
+in Sect.~\ref{sec:detect}.
+
+Other geometric interpretations of $\M$ will also be discussed in
+Sect.~\ref{sec:detect}. For the moment just notice that the
+non-triviality of $[\M]$ is equivalent to the non-triviality of the
+lattice bundle $\L$ and to the fact that there is no globally defined
+symbol $f(h)$ on $\U$ sending $\Sigma(h)$ to the straight lattice
+$h\ZM^n$.
+
+\begin{bew}{of Proposition \ref{prop:GA}} There are no surprises in
+ this quite elementary proof. Let $c\in \U$, and $f(h)$, $g(h)$ be
+two affine charts of $\Sigma$ defined on a ball $B$ around
+$c$. Because of Definition \ref{def:chart}, any open ball around $c$
+contains, for $h$ small enough, at least one element of
+$\Sigma(h)$. Therefore, there exists a family $\lambda(h)\in
+\Sigma(h)\cap B$ such that
+\[ \lim_{h\fleche 0} \lambda(h) = c.\]
+Let $k\in\ZM^n$ and let $\lambda'(h)$ be a family of elements of
+$\Sigma(h)\cap B$ such that
+\[ f(h;\lambda(h)) = f(h;\lambda'(h)) + hk + O(h^\infty).\]
+Then, as $h$ tends to zero, $\frac{\lambda'(h)-\lambda(h)}{h}$ tends
+towards a limit $v\in\RM^n$ satisfying
+\[ k = df_0(c)v \]
+(recall that $f_0$ denotes the principal part of $f(h)$).
+
+Since $\lambda(h)$ and $\lambda'(h)$ are in $\Sigma(h)$, there is a
+family $k'(h)\in\ZM^n$ such that
+\[ \left(\frac{g(h;\lambda'(h))-g(h;\lambda(h))}{h}\right) = k'(h) +
+O(h^\infty).\] The left-hand side of the above equation has limit
+$dg_0(c)v$ as $h\fleche 0$. Therefore $k'(h)$ is equal to a constant
+integer $k'$ for small $h$, and we have
+\[ k' = dg_0(c)(df_0(c))^{-1}k, \]
+which implies that $dg_0(c)(df_0(c))^{-1}\in GL(n,\ZM)$. Since $GL(n,\ZM)$
+is discrete, there is a constant matrix $M\in GL(n,\ZM)$ such that for
+all $c\in B$, $dg_0(c)= M\cdot(df_0(c))$; this in turn implies the existence
+of a constant $k\in\ZM^n$ such that, on $B$,
+\[ g_0 = M\cdot f_0 + k. \]
+But $k$ is necessarily zero~: indeed, applying the above equality to
+$\lambda(h)$ gives a sequence $k'(h)\in\ZM^n$ such that
+\[ hk'(h) \egdef g(h;\lambda(h))-M\cdot f(h;\lambda(h)) = k + O(h).\]
+Therefore $k'(h)$ must tend to zero, and hence must equal zero for
+small $h$, implying that $k=0$.
+
+We have proved the existence of a
+smooth symbol $F(h)$ such that
+\[ M\cdot f(h)-g(h)= hF(h).\]
+Because $F(h;\lambda(h))\in\ZM^n+O(h^\infty)$ and $\lim_{h\fleche
+ 0}F(h;\lambda(h))=F_0(c)$, we must have $F_0(c)\in\ZM^n$. So
+\[ F_0 = const \in \ZM^n \textrm{ in } B.\]
+This easily implies that all lower order terms in $F(h)$ must vanish
+on $B$, so we are left with
+\[ F(h) = k + O(h^\infty), \textrm{ for a }k\in\ZM^n.\]
+
+This gives $g(h)=M\cdot f(h)-hk + O(h^\infty)$, which reads
+\[ \frac{1}{h}g(h)=A(\frac{1}{h}f(h)) + O(h^\infty),\]
+with $A\in GA(n,\ZM)$ defined by $A(p)=M\cdot p-k$, $p\in\ZM^n$.\qed
+\end{bew}
+
+\begin{remark}
+ Because of the discreteness of $GA(n,\ZM)$, Proposition
+ \ref{prop:GA} implies that there is an $h_0>0$ such that the
+ transition element $A$ is uniquely defined by
+ $(g(h_0)/h_0)$ $(f(h_0)/h_0)^{-1}$ acting on a finite subset of
+ $\ZM^n$. Therefore, when restricted to any open subset of $\U$ with
+ compact closure in $\U$, the cocycle $[\M]$
+ is really a \emph{quantum} object, in the sense that ``you don't
+ need to let $h$ tend to zero'' to define it.
+\end{remark}
+
+\section{Link with the Classical Monodromy}
+\label{sec:classical}
+Let $P_1(h),\dots,P_n(h)$ be a set of commuting self-adjoint $h$-\pdo
+s on an $n$-dimensional manifold $X$. They will be assumed to be classical
+and of order zero, in the sense that in any coordinate chart their
+Weyl symbols $p_j(h)$ have an asymptotic expansion of the form
+\[ p_j(h;x,\xi) = p^j_0(x,\xi) + hp^j_1(x,\xi) + h^2p^j_2(x,\xi) +
+\cdots . \]
+Because the principal symbols $p_0^1,\dots,p_0^n$ commute with respect
+to the symplectic Poisson bracket on $T^*X$, the map
+\[ T^*X \ni (x,\xi)\flechedroite{p}\
+(p_0^1(x,\xi),\dots,p_0^n(x,\xi))\in \RM^n \]
+is a momentum map for the local Hamiltonian action of $\RM^n$ on $T^*X$
+defined by the Hamiltonian flows of the $p_0^j$. We will always assume
+that $p$ is \emph{proper}, so that the level sets
+\[ \Lambda_c = p^{-1}(c)\]
+are compact. Moreover, we ask that these level sets be
+\emph{connected}. Conclusions for non-connected $\Lambda_c$ can be
+obtained by separately studying the different connected components.
+
+Let $U_r$ be the open subset of regular values of the momentum map
+$p$, and let $\U$ be an open subset of $U_r$ with compact closure.
+
+It follows from the Arnold-Liouville theorem that $p_{\restr \U}$ is a
+ smooth fibration whose fibres are Lagrangian tori. The structure of
+ this fibration is semi-globally (\emph{i.e.} in a neighbourhood of a
+ fibre) described with the help of action-angle coordinates. However,
+ the flat fibre bundle $H_1(\Lambda_c,\ZM)\fleche c\in\U$ (with fibre
+ $\ZM^n$) may have non-trivial monodromy, preventing the construction
+ of \emph{global} action variables on $p^{-1}(\U)$ (see Duistermaat
+ \cite{duistermaat}). We will denote by $[\M_{cl}]$ (classical
+ monodromy) the cocycle in $\check{H}^1(\U,GL(n,\ZM))$ associated to
+ this lattice bundle.
+
+On the other hand, let $\Sigma(h)$ be the intersection with $\U$
+of the joint spectrum of the operators $P_1(h),\dots,P_n(h)$. It is
+known from \cite{charbonnel} that this spectrum is discrete and for small $h$
+is composed of simple eigenvalues. Moreover, the
+following result holds:
+\begin{proposition}[\cite{charbonnel}]
+$\Sigma(h)$ is an asymptotic affine lattice on $\U$.
+\end{proposition}
+We denote by $[\M_{qu}]\in \check{H}^1(\U,GA(n,\ZM))$ the quantum
+monodromy of the spectrum on $\U$, given by Definition
+\ref{def:monodromy}.
+
+Recall that $\iota$ denotes the inclusion of $GL(n,\RM)$ into
+$GA(n,\RM)$ such that for any $M\in GL(n,\RM)$, $\iota(M)$ leaves the
+origin $0\in\RM^n$ invariant.
+
+The relation between $[\M_{qu}]$ and the classical monodromy
+$[\M_{cl}]$ is then given by the following theorem~:
+\begin{theorem}
+ \label{theo:main}
+ The quantum monodromy is ``dual'' to the classical monodromy in the
+ following sense:
+ \[ [\M_{qu}] = \iota_*(\trsp[\M_{cl}]^{-1}).\]
+ In other words, for any $c\in\U$ there exists a choice of
+ basis of $H_1(\Lambda_c,\ZM)$ and of an affine chart of
+ $\Sigma(h)$ such that the monodromy representations
+ \[\bmu^{cl} : \pi_1(\U,c)\fleche GL(n,\ZM) \]
+ and
+ \[\bmu^{qu} : \pi_1(\U,c)\fleche GA(n,\ZM) \]
+defined by $[\M_{cl}]$ and $[\M_{qu}]$ satisfy~:
+\[ \bmu^{qu} = \iota\circ(\trsp\bmu^{cl})^{-1}.\]
+\end{theorem}
+\begin{proof} Let $\alpha$ be the Liouville 1-form on $T^*X$. Let $c_0\in\U$
+and for $c$ near $c_0$ let $(\gamma_1(c),\dots,\gamma_n(c))$ be a smooth
+family of loops on $\Lambda_c$ whose homology classes form a basis of
+$H_1(\Lambda_c,\ZM)$. It is known from \cite{charbonnel,colinII} (see
+also \cite{san2} for a viewpoint closer to this article) that one can
+find an affine chart $f(h)$ for $\Sigma(h)$ around $c$ such that the
+principal part $f_0$ is equal to the action integral associated to
+$\gamma_1,\dots,\gamma_n$:
+\[ f_0(c) = (\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{\gamma_1(c)}\alpha,
+\dots,\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{\gamma_n(c)}\alpha).\]
+
+Because of Proposition \ref{prop:GA}, any other affine chart around
+$c$ having the same principal part must equal $f(h)$ (modulo
+$O(h^\infty)$). In this way, the choice of a local smooth basis of
+$H_1(\Lambda_c,\ZM)$ determines an affine chart of
+$\Sigma(h)$. If $(\gamma'_1(c),\dots,\gamma'_n(c))$ is another basis
+of $H_1(\Lambda_c,\ZM)$ such that
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{equ:bases}
+ (\gamma'(c)) = M(c)\cdot(\gamma(c)),
+\end{equation}
+for a matrix $M(c)\in GL(n,\ZM)$ depending smoothly on $c$, then the
+corresponding affine charts $f(h)$ and $f'(h)$ of $\Sigma(h)$ satisfy~:
+\[ f'(h;c) = M(c)\cdot f(h;c) + O(h^\infty).\]
+Recall that the notation ``$M\cdot$'' here means matrix multiplication
+by $M$, which is of course the same as affine composition by
+$\iota(M)$.
+
+But formula (\ref{equ:bases}) says that if $k$ and $k'$ are
+trivialisation functions of the bundle\linebreak $H_1(\Lambda_c,\ZM)\fleche c$
+associated to the basis $\gamma$ and $\gamma'$, then
+$k'=\trsp M^{-1}k$. Therefore, if $\trsp M_{\alpha\beta}^{-1}$ are
+transition elements for the lattice bundle $H_1(\Lambda_c,\ZM)\fleche
+c$, then $\iota(M_{\alpha\beta})$ define a monodromy cocycle for
+$\Sigma(h)$.\qed
+\end{proof}
+
+\begin{remark}
+ The fact that the \emph{affine} nature of quantum monodromy is here
+ naturally reduced to an action of the \emph{linear} group
+ $GL(n,\ZM)$ is due the the global existence of a primitive of the
+ symplectic form on $T^*X$, namely the Liouville 1-form $\alpha$.
+\end{remark}
+
+\section{Monodromy of a \emph{Focus-Focus} Singularity}
+\label{sec:ff}
+It is probably not worth discussing monodromy in arbitrary degrees of
+freedom, for it is a typical phenomenon of 4-dimensional symplectic
+manifolds (see \cite{zung}).
+
+More precisely, let $X$ be a 2-dimensional manifold, and let $P_1(h)$,
+$P_2(h)$ be two commuting self-adjoint $h$-\pdo s on $X$. As before,
+suppose that the momentum map $p=(p_0^1,p_0^2)$ defined by the
+principal symbols is proper with connected level sets.
+
+We shall make the following hypothesis. There exists a critical point
+$m\in T^*X$ of $p$ of maximal corank (\emph{i.e.} both $p_0^1$ and
+$p_0^2$ are critical at $m$) such that, in some local symplectic
+coordinates $(x,y,\xi,\eta)$, the Hessians $(p_0^1)''(m)$ and
+$(p_0^2)''(m)$ (thereafter denoted by $\mathcal{H}(p_0^1)$ and
+$\mathcal{H}(p_0^2)$) generate a 2-dimensional subalgebra of the
+algebra $\mathcal{Q}(4)$ of quadratic forms in $(x,y,\xi,\eta)$ under
+Poisson bracket that admits the following basis $(q_1,q_2)$:
+\[ q_1 = x\xi + y\eta,\]
+\[ q_2 = x\eta - y\xi.\]
+Such a singularity $m$ is called a \emph{focus-focus} singularity. The
+point $m$ is then isolated amongst critical points of $p$. Therefore,
+we can choose $\U\subset U_r$ to be a small punctured disc around
+$o=p(m)$. Finally, we shall always assume that $m$ is the only
+critical point of the critical level set $\Lambda_0=p^{-1}(o)$.
+
+It is known (probably since \cite{zou}; see for instance \cite{san2}
+or \cite{cushman-duist2} for discussions and more references on this
+topic) that the fibration $p_{\restr \U}$ has non-trivial monodromy,
+and can be described in the following way:
+
+Near $m$, we know from \cite{eliasson-these} that the integrable
+Hamiltonian system $(p_0^1,p_0^2)$ can be brought into a normal form
+given by $(q_1,q_2)$. In other words there exists a local
+diffeomorphism $F:(\RM^2,0)\fleche (\RM^2,o)$ such that
+\[ (p_0^1,p_0^2) = F(q_1,q_2).\]
+This allows one to define transversal vector fields $\ham{1}$ and
+$\ham{2}$ tangent to the fibres $\Lambda_c$ that are equal to
+the Hamiltonian vector fields $\ham{q_1}$ and $\ham{q_2}$ near
+$m$. Note that $\ham{2}$ is periodic of period $2\pi$.
+
+Around each $c\in\U$, we can now define the following smooth basis
+$(\gamma_1(c),\gamma_2(c))$ of $H_1(\Lambda_c,\ZM)\simeq
+\pi_1(\Lambda_c)$:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item $\gamma_2(c)$ is a simple integral loop of $\ham{2}$.
+\item Take a point on $\gamma_2(c)$; let it evolve under the flow of
+ $\ham{1}$. After a finite time, it goes back on
+ $\gamma_2(c)$. Close it up on $\gamma_2(c)$. This defines $\gamma_1(c)$.
+\end{itemize}
+\begin{figure}[hbtp]
+ \begin{center}
+ \leavevmode
+\begin{picture}(0,0)%
+\psfig{file=424-2.eps}%
+\end{picture}%
+\setlength{\unitlength}{3947sp}%
+%
+\begingroup\makeatletter\ifx\SetFigFont\undefined%
+\gdef\SetFigFont#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \reset@font\fontsize{#1}{#2pt}%
+ \fontfamily{#3}\fontseries{#4}\fontshape{#5}%
+ \selectfont}%
+\fi\endgroup%
+\begin{picture}(4879,3143)(1859,-3217)
+\put(3341,-2306){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{$\Lambda_c$}}%
+\put(3291,-751){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{$\gamma_1(c)$}}
+\put(4943,-2031){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{$\gamma_2(c)$}}
+\end{picture}
+ \caption{The basis $(\gamma_1(c),\gamma_2(c))$}
+ \label{fig:basis}
+ \end{center}
+\end{figure}
+\begin{proposition}[\cite{zou}]
+ Let $c\in\U$. With respect to the basis $(\gamma_1(c),\gamma_2(c))$,
+ the action of the classical monodromy map $\bmu^{cl}$ on a simple
+ loop $\delta\in\pi_1(\U,c)$ enclosing $o$ is given by the matrix
+ \[ \bmu^{cl}(\delta) = \left(\begin{array}{cc} 1 & 0 \\
+ \epsilon & 1\end{array}\right).\]
+ Here $\epsilon$ is the sign of
+ $\det M$, where $M\in GL(2,\RM)$ is the unique matrix such that~:
+ \[ (\mathcal{H}(p^1_0),\mathcal{H}(p^2_0)) =
+ M\cdot(\mathcal{H}(q_1),\mathcal{H}(q_2)). \]
+\end{proposition}
+Note also that $M=dF(0)$.
+
+This, together with Theorem \ref{theo:main}, proves the following
+result:
+\begin{theorem}
+ \label{theo:ff}
+ Let $P_1(h),P_2(h)$ be a quantum integrable system with a focus-focus
+ singularity. Then there exists a small punctured neighbourhood $\U$
+ of the critical value $o$ such that for any $c\in\U$, if $f(h)$ is
+ an affine chart of the joint spectrum $\Sigma(h)$ around $c$ having
+ principal part
+ \[ \left(\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{\gamma_1(c)}\alpha,
+ \frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{\gamma_2(c)}\alpha\right), \]
+ then the value of the quantum monodromy map
+ $\bmu_f^{qu}\in GA(2,\ZM)$ at a simple loop $\delta\in\pi_1(\U,c)$
+ enclosing $o$ is given by the matrix
+\[ \bmu_f^{qu}(\delta) = \iota\left(\begin{array}{cc} 1 & -\epsilon \\
+ 0 & 1\end{array}\right).\]
+ Here $\epsilon$ is the sign of
+ $\det M$, where $M\in GL(2,\RM)$ is the unique matrix such that~:
+ \[ (\mathcal{H}(p^1_0),\mathcal{H}(p^2_0)) =
+ M\cdot(\mathcal{H}(q_1),\mathcal{H}(q_2)). \]
+\end{theorem}
+
+\section{How to Detect Quantum Monodromy}
+\label{sec:detect}
+\subsection{Introduction}
+Theorem \ref{theo:main} wouldn't be of much interest if one could not
+``read off'' the quantum monodromy from a picture of the joint
+spectrum.
+
+This is actually easy to do, at least in a heuristic way. The
+rigorous mathematical formulation may however look slightly awkward.
+
+The first idea is the following. Given a straight lattice
+$\ZM^n$, and any two points $A$ and $B$ in $\ZM^n$, there is a natural
+parallel translation from $A$ to $B$ acting on $\ZM^n$, namely the
+translation by the integral vector $\cutevector{AB}$.
+
+Now, the joint spectrum $\Sigma(h)$ locally around any point $c\in\U$
+looks like a lattice. If the points $A$ and $B$ in $\Sigma(h)$ are
+close enough to $c$ and $h$ is small enough, one can still define a
+parallel translation from $A$ to $B$, taking points of $\Sigma(h)$
+near $A$ to points in $\Sigma(h)$ near $B$. This allows us to pass
+from one chart to another, and hence to define the notion of
+parallel transport along any loop through $c$. This yields a
+map from $\pi_1(\U,c)$ to $GL(n,\ZM)$ which is precisely the
+linear part of the quantum monodromy $\bmu^{qu}$.
+
+\begin{figure}[hbtp]
+ \begin{center}
+ \leavevmode
+\begin{picture}(0,0)%
+\psfig{file=424-3.eps}%
+\end{picture}%
+\setlength{\unitlength}{3947sp}%
+%
+\begingroup\makeatletter\ifx\SetFigFont\undefined%
+\gdef\SetFigFont#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \reset@font\fontsize{#1}{#2pt}%
+ \fontfamily{#3}\fontseries{#4}\fontshape{#5}%
+ \selectfont}%
+\fi\endgroup%
+\begin{picture}(1824,1824)(5089,-2323)
+\end{picture}
+ \caption{Parallel transport on $\Sigma(h)$}
+ \label{fig:connexion}
+ \end{center}
+\end{figure}
+This idea is made precise in Sect.~\ref{sec:parallel}.
+
+The problem can also be viewed the other way round. Roughly speaking,
+$(\Sigma(h),\U)$ is an affine manifold, and hence can be defined by
+the data of a local diffeomorphism $f(h)$ from the universal cover
+$\tilde{\U}$ of $\U$ to $h\RM^n$ sending $\Sigma(h)$ to $h\ZM^n$, and
+of the holonomy $\nu$ associated to it~:
+\[ f(h;\gamma.\tilde{c}) = \nu_{\tilde{c}}(\gamma)f(h;\tilde{c}),
+\quad \forall \gamma\in\pi_1(\U), \forall \tilde{c}\in\tilde{U}.\] Of
+course, $\nu$ should be related to the quantum monodromy $\bmu_f$.
+The diffeomorphism $f(h)$ can be seen as an ``unwinding'' of
+$\Sigma(h)$ onto $\RM^n$. This viewpoint is developed in Sect.~\ref{sec:unwinding}.
+
+\subsection{Parallel transport on $\Sigma(h)$}
+\label{sec:parallel}
+We discuss here the notion of parallel transport on any asymptotic
+affine lattice $(\Sigma(h),\U)$.
+
+\noindent 1.~ First suppose that there exists an affine chart $f(h)$
+of $\Sigma(h)$ defined
+globally on $\U$. Since $f(h)$ is elliptic and sends elements of
+$\Sigma(h)$ into $h\ZM^n + O(h^\infty)$, there is an $h_0>0$ such that
+for any $h<h_0$, there is an injective map $\tilde{f}(h)$ sending
+elements of $\Sigma(h)$ exactly into $h\ZM^n$ and such that
+$\tilde{f}(h)-f(h)=O(h^\infty)$.
+
+Because $f(h)$ is of order zero, there is a fixed open ball
+$\tilde{B}'\subset f(h;\U)$ such that $\tilde{B}'\cap(h\ZM^n)$ is
+contained in $\tilde{f}(h;\Sigma(h))$.
+
+Then, one can find a smaller ball $\tilde{B}\subset \tilde{B'}$ such
+that for any two points $\tilde{P}$, $\tilde{Q}$ in
+$\tilde{B}\cap(h\ZM^n)$, the translation by the vector
+$\cutevector{\tilde{P}\tilde{Q}}$ takes any point of
+$\tilde{B}\cap(h\ZM^n)$ into $\tilde{B}'\cap(h\ZM^n)$ (Fig.
+\ref{fig:translation}).
+\begin{figure}[hbtp]
+ \begin{center}
+
+\begin{picture}(0,0)%
+\hskip17mm\psfig{file=424-4.eps}%
+\end{picture}%
+\setlength{\unitlength}{2763sp}%
+%
+\begingroup\makeatletter\ifx\SetFigFont\undefined%
+\gdef\SetFigFont#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \reset@font\fontsize{#1}{#2pt}%
+ \fontfamily{#3}\fontseries{#4}\fontshape{#5}%
+ \selectfont}%
+\fi\endgroup%
+\begin{picture}(5779,4522)(1201,-5168)
+\put(3151,-811){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$h$}}}
+\put(1201,-3136){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$h\ZM^n$}}}
+\put(6901,-1936){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$\tilde{B}'$}}}
+\put(6976,-3211){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$\tilde{B}$}}}
+\put(3826,-3211){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$\tilde{P}$}}}
+\put(4801,-2761){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$\tilde{Q}$}}}
+\put(4441,-2438){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$\tilde{A}$}}}
+\put(5394,-2048){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$\tilde{A}'$}}}
+\end{picture}
+ \caption{Parallel translation}
+ \label{fig:translation}
+ \end{center}
+\end{figure}
+Let us denote by $B$ an open ball in $\RM^n$ such that $f(h;B)\subset
+\tilde{B}$. Pulling back by $\tilde{f}(h)$, one thus defines the
+``parallel transport'' $\tau_{\tinyvector{PQ}}(A)$ of a point
+$A\in\Sigma(h)\cap B$ along the direction given by two points $P$ and
+$Q$ in $\Sigma(h)\cap B$. When the composition is defined, we have
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{equ:composition}
+ \tau_{\tinyvector{QR}}\circ\tau_{\tinyvector{PQ}} =
+ \tau_{\tinyvector{PR}}.
+\end{equation}
+Moreover, because translation in $\ZM^n$ is
+an isometry, there exists a constant $C>0$,
+independent of $h$, such that for any $A\in\Sigma(h)\cap B$
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{equ:bounded}
+ ||\cutevector{Q\tau_{\tinyvector{PQ}}(A)}|| < C||\cutevector{PA}||.
+\end{equation}
+
+Because of Proposition \ref{prop:GA}, any other choice of affine
+chart $f(h)$ gives the same parallel transport.
+
+\noindent 2.~ Now, let $(\Sigma(h),\U)$ be a general asymptotic
+affine lattice. If $\gamma$ is any path in $\U$, one can cover its
+image by open balls $B_i$ on which parallel transport is well defined
+for $h$ less than some $h_i>0$. If $\overline{\U}$ is compact, as we
+shall always assume, this can be done with a finite number of such
+balls $B_1,\ldots,B_\ell$, ordered in a way that for each $1\leq
+i<\ell$, $B_i\cap B_{i+1}\neq\emptyset$.
+
+In the following, take $h$ to be less than $\min_i h_i$. Let
+$P\in\Sigma(h)\cap B_0$ and $Q\in\Sigma(h)\cap B_\ell$. For each
+$i=1,\dots,\ell-1$, pick up a point $P_i\in \Sigma(h)\cap(B_i\cap
+B_{i+1})$. For $h$ small enough, this set is not empty. Because of
+the estimate (\ref{equ:bounded}), the mapping
+\[ \tau_{\gamma,P,Q}\egdef
+\tau_{\tinyvector{P_{\ell-1}Q}}\circ\cdots\circ
+\tau_{\tinyvector{P_1P_2}} \circ \tau_{\tinyvector{PP_1}} \] is
+well-defined when restricted to a sufficiently small ball $B_0$ around
+$P$ (here again, $\Sigma(h)\cap B_0$ won't be empty if $h$ is small
+enough). Equation (\ref{equ:composition}) shows that this map does
+not depend on the choice of the intermediate points $P_i$. Therefore
+it depends only on $P$, $Q$, and on the homotopy class of $\gamma$ (as
+a path from a point in $B_1$ to a point in $B_\ell$).
+
+If $Q=P$, and $\gamma$ is a loop ($B_\ell\cap B_1\neq\emptyset$ and
+$B_0\subset B_1$) then $\tau_{\gamma,P,P}$ is a map from
+$\Sigma(h)\cap B_0$ to $\Sigma(h)\cap B_1$ leaving $P$ invariant. If
+$f(h)$ is an affine chart for $\Sigma(h)$ on $B_1$, then
+$\tilde{f}(h)\circ \tau_{\gamma,P,P} \circ \tilde{f}(h)^{-1}$ is a
+locally defined map $\tilde{\tau}_{\gamma,f(h),P}$ from $h\ZM^n$ to
+itself leaving $\tilde{f}(h;P)$ invariant.
+
+We know from Sect.~\ref{sec:construction} (formula
+(\ref{equ:holonomy})) that the choice of such an affine chart allows
+the quantum monodromy map $\bmu_f$ to take its values in
+$GA(n,\ZM)$. Remember that $L$ denotes the natural homomorphism from
+$GA(n,\RM)$ to $GL(n,\RM)$.
+\begin{proposition}
+ \label{prop:parallel}
+ The map $\tilde{\tau}_{\gamma,f(h),P}$ is equal to the linearisation
+ at $\tilde{P}=\tilde{f}(h;P)$ of the quantum
+ monodromy along $\gamma$~:
+ \[ \forall \tilde{R}\in h\ZM^n, \quad
+ \cutevector{\tilde{P}\tilde{\tau}_{\gamma,f(h),P}(\tilde{R})} =
+ L(\bmu_f(\gamma))\cutevector{\tilde{P}\tilde{R}} , \]
+ whenever the left-hand side of the above is defined.
+\end{proposition}
+\begin{proof} If we choose affine charts $f_i(h)$ for $\Sigma(h)$ on each of
+the $B_i$'s with $f_1=f$, and let $A_{i,i+1}$ be the transition
+elements of the monodromy cocycle
+\[ f_i(h)/h = A_{i,i+1}(f_{i+1}(h)/h) + O(h^\infty)\quad
+(\textrm{convention } \ell+1\equiv 1), \]
+then it is easy to check that
+\[ \cutevector{\tilde{P}\tilde{\tau}_{\gamma,f(h),P}(\tilde{R})} =
+L(A_{1,\ell})\cdots
+L(A_{3,2})L(A_{2,1})\cdot\cutevector{\tilde{P}\tilde{R}},\] whenever
+the composition is defined. Using (\ref{equ:integral}) finishes the
+proof. \cqfd
+\end{proof}
+
+As an application, one can easily ``read off'' from the spectrum of
+the quantum Champagne bottle (Fig. \ref{fig:pendulum}) that the linear
+part of the quantum monodromy is conjugate to the matrix
+$\left(\begin{array}{cc} 1 & -1 \\ 0 & 1\end{array}\right)$.
+\begin{figure}[hbtp]
+ \begin{center}
+ \leavevmode
+\begin{picture}(0,0)%
+\psfig{file=424-5.eps}%
+\end{picture}%
+\setlength{\unitlength}{2368sp}%
+%
+\begingroup\makeatletter\ifx\SetFigFont\undefined%
+\gdef\SetFigFont#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \reset@font\fontsize{#1}{#2pt}%
+ \fontfamily{#3}\fontseries{#4}\fontshape{#5}%
+ \selectfont}%
+\fi\endgroup%
+\begin{picture}(7524,5124)(169,-6073)
+\put(7426,-3511){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{7}{8.4}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$E_1$}}}
+\put(4051,-1186){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{7}{8.4}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$E_2=hn$}}}
+\put(5612,-3898){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{7}{8.4}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$P$}}}
+\put(6032,-3411){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{7}{8.4}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$R$}}}
+\put(5140,-3306){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{7}{8.4}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$R'$}}}
+\put(2461,-4664){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{7}{8.4}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$\gamma$}}}
+\end{picture}
+\caption{Spectrum of the Champagne bottle. The gray disc
+ encloses the \ff\ critical value. $R'=\tau_{\gamma,P,P}(R)$}
+ \label{fig:pendulum}
+ \end{center}
+\end{figure}
+
+\subsection{Unwinding the spectrum}
+\label{sec:unwinding}
+We keep here the notation of the previous paragraph. In particular,
+$\Sigma(h)$ is any asymptotic affine lattice on $\U$, $\gamma$ is a
+path in $\U$ whose image is covered by balls $B_i$ on which local
+parallel translation is defined. We choose points $P\in
+B_1\cap\Sigma(h)$, $Q\in B_\ell\cap\Sigma(h)$ and
+$P_1,P_2,\dots,P_{\ell-1},P_\ell=Q$ such that for $i=1,\dots,\ell-1$,
+$P_i\in B_i\cap B_{i+1}\cap\Sigma(h)$.
+
+Given an affine chart $f(h)$ on $B_1$, for $h$ small there is a unique
+$k_1\in\ZM^n$ such that the map
+$\tilde{f}(h)\circ\tau_{\tinyvector{PP_1}}\circ\tilde{f}(h)^{-1}$ is
+just translation by $hk_1$. If $B_1,\dots,B_\ell$ are endowed with
+affine charts $f_1(h)=f(h),f_2(h),\dots,f_\ell(h)$, in the same way we
+define $k_i\in\ZM^n$ such that
+\[
+\tilde{f_i}(h)\circ\tau_{\tinyvector{P_{i-1}P_i}}\circ\tilde{f_i}(h)^{-1}
+\]
+is translation by the vector $hk_i$.
+We unwind the points $P,P_1,\dots,P_\ell$ onto $h\ZM^n$ using the following
+procedure (see Fig. \ref{fig:unwinding}):
+\begin{figure}[hbtp]
+ \begin{center}
+ \leavevmode
+% \hspace{-0.7cm}
+\begin{picture}(0,0)%
+\psfig{file=424-6.eps,width=1.1\textwidth}%
+\end{picture}%
+\setlength{\unitlength}{2653sp}%
+%
+\begingroup\makeatletter\ifx\SetFigFont\undefined%
+\gdef\SetFigFont#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \reset@font\fontsize{#1}{#2pt}%
+ \fontfamily{#3}\fontseries{#4}\fontshape{#5}%
+ \selectfont}%
+\fi\endgroup%
+\begin{picture}(8649,5204)(1139,-5851)
+\put(6931,-1379){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$h$}}}
+\put(9268,-2896){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$\tilde{P}_{11}$}}}
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+\put(9178,-1871){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$\tilde{Q}$}}}
+\put(7978,-2236){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$\tilde{P}$}}}
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+\put(3414,-5386){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$P_7$}}}
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+\put(1557,-3436){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$P_4$}}}
+\put(1670,-2836){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$P_3$}}}
+\put(1782,-2161){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$P_2$}}}
+\put(2570,-1861){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$P_1$}}}
+\put(3639,-2086){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$P$}}}
+\put(5855,-3239){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$E_1$}}}
+\put(3324,-914){\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\SetFigFont{8}{9.6}{\rmdefault}{\mddefault}{\updefault}$E_2=hn$}}}
+\end{picture}
+ \caption{Unwinding of the points $P_i$. We deduce that
+ $y_{\tilde{P}}=4$, which allows us to locate the horizontal line
+ through the origin $0\in h\ZM^2$ (the dotted one)}
+ \label{fig:unwinding}
+ \end{center}
+\end{figure}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item $\tilde{P}=\tilde{f}(h;P)$;
+\item $\tilde{P}_1=\tilde{P}+hk_1 = \tilde{f}(h,P_1)$;
+\item $\tilde{P}_2=\tilde{P}_1 + hL(A_{2,1})\cdot k_2$;
+\item \ldots
+\item $\tilde{Q}=\tilde{P}_\ell=\tilde{P}_{\ell-1} +
+hL(A_{\ell,\ell-1})\cdots L(A_{2,1})\cdot k_\ell$.
+\end{itemize}
+Then one easily checks that
+\[ \tilde{P}_i = hA_{1,2}\circ A_{2,3}\circ\cdots\circ
+A_{i-1,i}(\tilde{f}_i(h;P_i)/h). \]
+In particular, applying this procedure to a loop $\gamma$ ($P=Q$) proves the
+following~:
+\begin{proposition}
+ \label{prop:unwinding}
+ For $h$ small enough, the quantum monodromy $\bmu_f$ gives the end
+ point $\tilde{Q}$ of the unwinding of any loop $\gamma$ on $\U$
+ through a point $P\in\Sigma(h)$ around which we are given an affine
+ chart $f(h)$ by the following formula~:
+ \[ \tilde{Q} = h(\bmu_f(\gamma))^{-1}(\tilde{f}(h;P)/h). \]
+\end{proposition}
+\begin{remark}
+ There is a unique symbol $g(h)$ defined on the universal cover
+ $\tilde{\U}$ of $\U$ that is an affine chart for $\Sigma(h)$ and
+ that coincides with $f(h)$ above $B_0$. Then $Q$ can be seen as the
+ lift $\gamma.P\in\tilde{\U}$. The point is now that
+ \[ g(h;Q) = \tilde{Q} + O(h^\infty). \]
+ For any $P\in\tilde{\U}$, and for any $\gamma\in\pi_1(\U)$, there is
+ a unique $\nu_P(\gamma)\in GA(n,\ZM)$ such that
+ \[ g(h;\gamma.P)/h = \nu_P(\gamma)(g(h;P)/h) + O(h^\infty). \]
+ By definition, we have
+ $\nu_P(\gamma\gamma')=\nu_{\gamma.P}(\gamma')\nu_P(\gamma)$. But one
+ can show that for any loop $\gamma$ such that $\gamma.P=Q$, then
+ \[ \nu_Q(\gamma') = \nu_P(\gamma)\nu_P(\gamma')\nu_P(\gamma)^{-1}. \]
+ Therefore, $\nu_P$ is actually a homomorphism. Proposition
+ \ref{prop:unwinding} just says that
+ \[ \nu_P=\bmu_f^{-1}. \]
+\end{remark}
+Applying this proposition together with Theorem \ref{theo:ff} to a \ff\
+singularity, we see that if the principal part of $f(h)$ is given by
+the action integrals $\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{\gamma_1}\alpha$ and
+$\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{\gamma_2}\alpha$ then, for a small loop
+$\delta$ enclosing the critical value $o$,
+\[ \nu(\delta) = \iota\left(
+ \begin{array}{cc}
+1 & \epsilon \\ 0 & 1
+ \end{array}\right). \]
+In particular, the whole horizontal line through the origin consists
+of fixed points. Of course, locating the origin on a diagram like
+Fig. \ref{fig:unwinding} may require the computation of the action
+at one point. However, given $\tilde{P}$ and its image $\tilde{Q}$, it
+is easy to find the horizontal line through the origin, for
+\[ \epsilon y_{\tilde{P}} = x_{\tilde{Q}} - x_{\tilde{P}}.\]
+\begin{acknowledgements} One of the reasons for having written
+this article is the enthusiasm of R. Cushman for the subject; I would
+like to thank him for this. I would also like to thank my adviser
+Y. Colin de Verdi\`ere, and J. J. Duistermaat, for stimulating
+discussions.
+
+My research is supported by a Marie Curie Fellowship
+Nr. ERBFMBICT961572.
+\end{acknowledgements}
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{15}
+
+\bibitem{bates}Bates, L.M.:
+{Monodromy in the {C}hampagne bottle}. Z. Angew. Math. Phys.
+ \textbf{6}, 837--847 (1991)
+
+\bibitem{berger-affine}Berger, M.: {\it G{\'e}om{\'e}trie}. Vol. \textbf{1}. Paris:
+Cedic/Nathan, 1977
+
+\bibitem{charbonnel}Charbonnel, A.-M.:
+{Comportement semi-classique du spectre conjoint
+ d'op{\'e}rateurs pseudo-diff{\'e}rentiels qui commutent}. Asymptotic Analysis
+ \textbf{1}, 227--261 (1988)
+
+\bibitem{child}Child, M.S.:
+{Quantum states in a {C}hampagne bottle}. J. Phys. A.
+ \textbf{31}, 657--670 (1998)
+
+\bibitem{tennyson}Child, M.S., Weston, T., and Tennyson, J.:
+{Quantum monodromy in the spectrum of {H$_2$O} and other systems: New
+insight into the level structure of quasi-linear molecules}. To appear
+
+\bibitem{colinII}Colin~de Verdi\`ere, Y.:
+{Spectre conjoint d'op{\'e}rateurs pseudo-diff{\'e}rentiels qui commutent {II}}.
+Math. Z. \textbf{171}, 51--73 (1980)
+
+\bibitem{duist-cushman}Cushman, R. and Duistermaat, J.J.:
+{The quantum spherical pendulum}.
+Bull. Am. Math. Soc. (N.S.) \textbf{19}, 475--479 (1988)
+
+\bibitem{cushman-duist2}Cushman, R. and Duistermaat, J.J.:
+{Non-hamiltonian monodromy}. Preprint
+ University of Utrecht, 1997
+
+\bibitem{duistermaat}Duistermaat, J.J.:
+{On global action-angle variables}.
+Comm. Pure Appl. Math. \textbf{33}, 687--706 (1980)
+
+\bibitem{eliasson-these}Eliasson, L.H.:
+{Hamiltonian systems with {P}oisson commuting integrals}.
+ Ph.D. thesis, University of Stockholm, 1984
+
+\bibitem{guillemin-uribe}Guillemin, V. and Uribe, A.:
+{Monodromy in the quantum spherical pendulum}.
+Commun. Math. Phys. \textbf{122}, 563--574 (1989)
+
+\bibitem{hirzebruch}Hirzebruch, F.:
+{\it Topological methods in algebraic geometry}. Grundlehren
+ der math. {W}., Vol. \textbf{131}. New York: Springer, 1966
+
+\bibitem{zung}Nguy{\^e}n~Ti{\^e}n, Z.:
+{\it A topological classification of integrable
+ hamiltonian systems}. S{\'e}minaire Gaston Darboux de g{\'e}ometrie et
+ topologie diff{\'e}rentielle (Brouzet, R., ed.) Universit{\'e} Montpellier II,
+ 1994--1995, pp.~43--54
+
+\bibitem{san2}V{\~u}~Ng{\d o}c, S.:
+{Bohr-{S}ommerfeld conditions for integrable systems
+ with critical manifolds of focus-focus type}.
+Preprint Institut Fourier 433, 1998
+
+\bibitem{zou}Zou, M.:
+{Monodromy in two degrees of freedom integrable systems}.
+J. Geom. Phys. \textbf{10}, 37--45 (1992)
+
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef686afee3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Communications in Mathematical Physics (CMP)
+%
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for Communications in
+Mathematical Physics
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ svcmp.clo The class option file for CMP
+ cmpguid.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+ example.* Example of an article (tex, dvi, ps [also in psoutput.zip])
+ figures.zip PS files needed by the sample file
+ psoutput.zip PS files of the above mentioned DVIs,
+ compressed due to their size. The file example.ps
+ contains a ready to print version that can be produced
+ at the publisher only, when page numbers are fixed
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/svcmp.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/svcmp.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47b035ba85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/svcmp.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION CMP -- Communications in Mathematical Physics
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svcmp.clo}
+ [1999/08/17 v1.1 style option for CMP]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svcmp.clo for^^J%
+Communications in Mathematical Physics}
+\let\if@mathematic\iffalse
+\ExecuteOptions{final,runningheads,10pt}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{11.266pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@viiipt{9pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{12.2cm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{19.7cm}
+%
+\def\commname{Communicated by }
+\newenvironment{postfix}{\addvspace{1.5em}\small
+\noindent\ignorespaces}{}
+%
+\def\communicated#1{\gdef\@communic{#1}%
+\AtEndDocument{\begin{postfix}\commname\@communic\end{postfix}}}
+%
+\def\intertext#1{%
+ \vskip-1.5\belowdisplayskip
+ \noindent#1%
+ \vskip-1.5\abovedisplayskip}
+%
+\def\@startinttoc#1{\begingroup
+ \makeatletter
+ \@input{\jobname.#1}\if@filesw \expandafter\newwrite\csname tf@#1\endcsname
+ \immediate\openout \csname tf@#1\endcsname \jobname.#1\relax
+ \fi \global\@nobreakfalse \endgroup}
+%
+\def\switchtointtoc{%
+\def\tableofcontents{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+ \fi\section*{\contentsname \@mkboth{{\contentsname}}{{\contentsname}}}
+ \@startinttoc{toc}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}}
+%
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+%
+\def\nothanksmarks{\def\thanks##1{\footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent##1}}}
+\def\invthanks#1{\footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent#1}}
+%
+\def\cmprunnhead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>1
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: The running head built automatically from
+ \string\author\space
+ ^^Jexceeds the pagewidth, please supply a shorter form
+ ^^Jwith \string\authorrunning\space
+ prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\cmp@maketitle{\newpage
+ \logodepth=1cm
+ \normalfont
+%\nothanksmarks
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\large\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\def\acknowledgements{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\def\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}%
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}%
+\def\endacknowledgements{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}%
+%
+ \def\itemize{%
+ \ifnum \@itemdepth >\thr@@\@toodeep\else
+ \advance\@itemdepth\@ne
+ \edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
+ \expandafter
+ \list
+ \csname\@itemitem\endcsname
+ {\def\makelabel##1{##1\hss}}
+% {\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}
+ \fi}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\headerboxheight=208pt
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@\hrule\@width18mm\kern2.6\p@}%
+\setlength\parindent{4.5mm}%
+\setlength\leftmargini{\parindent}%
+\leftmargin\leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii{\parindent}%
+\labelwidth\leftmargini
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\let\@maketitle\cmp@maketitle
+\def\authdepth{9}%
+\renewcommand\@pnumwidth{1.85em}
+\switchtointtoc
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\renewcommand\abstractname{Abstract:}%
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\enspace}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}%
+\def\sectcounterend{.}%
+\def\email#1{{E-mail: #1}}%
+\def\@secheadformat#1{{#1\unskip.}}%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-19.5dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{7.8dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape\@secheadformat}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape\@secheadformat}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape\@secheadformat}}
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\null\vspace*{-6mm}\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}%
+\def\ackname{Acknowledgement\runinend}%
+\journalname{Communications in Mathematical Physics}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svcmp.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..983a167fb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cmp/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Communications in Mathematical Physics
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[cmp,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Accepted: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+% Add name of the expert who has communicated your paper
+\communicated{name}
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\centering
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+%\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
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@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class user's guide\\supplement
+for\\Computing and Visualization in Science}
+
+\author{\copyright~1998, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{20 July 1998}
+
+\newcommand{\command}[1]{{\ttfamily\upshape\char92#1}}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{cvs} option for the \SJour\
+\LaTeXe\ document class. For details on manuscript handling and the
+reviewing process we refer to the \emph{Instructions for authors} which
+can be found at the Internet address
+\texttt{http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00791/index.htm}
+via the link ``About this Journal" and in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class} \label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{User's guide} you can begin a document
+for \emph{Computing and Visualization in Science} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[cvs]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{User's guide}.
+
+\end{document}
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--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1,647 @@
+\documentclass[cvs,envcountsect]{svjour}
+\usepackage{amsfonts}
+\usepackage{psfig}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+
+\newcommand{\Ref}[1]{(\ref{#1})}
+\newcommand{\R}{{\mathbb R}}
+\newcommand{\N}{{\mathbb N}}
+\newcommand{\cB}{{\cal B}}
+\newcommand{\cM}{{\cal M}}
+\newcommand{\diam}{\mathop{\rm diam}\nolimits}
+
+\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{(\roman{enumi})}
+
+
+\title{An adaptive subdivision technique
+ for the approximation\\ of
+ attractors and invariant measures}
+
+\author{Michael Dellnitz\thanks{Research of the authors is partly supported
+ by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Grant De 448/5-2
+ and by the Konrad-Zuse-Zentrum f\"ur Informationstechnik Berlin.},
+ Oliver Junge}
+
+\institute{Mathematisches Institut, Universit\"at Bayreuth,
+ D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany\\
+ {\scriptsize\tt
+ (http://www.uni-bayreuth.de/departments/math/\~{}mdellnitz;
+ http://www.uni-bayreuth.de/departments/math/\~{}ojunge)}}
+
+\date{Received: 13 January 1997 / Accepted: 29 September 1997 \\[1em]
+ Communicated by: P. Deuflhard}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\begin{abstract}
+Recently subdivision techniques have been introduced in the
+numerical investigation of the temporal behavior of
+dynamical systems. In this article we intertwine the subdivision
+process with the computation of invariant measures and propose an
+adaptive scheme for the box refinement which is based on the
+combination of these methods. Using this new algorithm the numerical
+effort for the computation of box coverings is in general significantly
+reduced, and we illustrate this fact by several numerical examples.
+\end{abstract}
+
+\section{Introduction}
+%
+Recently subdivision methods have been successfully applied to the
+numerical analysis of complex dynamical behavior
+(e.g.\ \cite{Eiden,DH1,DH2,DJ:96,DJchua:97}). These methods can be used for two
+essentially different purposes: the first is to
+understand the geometric structure of an underlying attractor.
+Secondly the goal may be to approximate the observable dynamical behavior
+of the underlying system in a specific region of state space by
+the computation of invariant measures. This paper
+concerns the second possibility, and we propose an adaptive scheme
+incorporated into the subdivision technique which allows to
+reduce the numerical effort significantly.
+
+Obviously the dynamical behavior
+just needs to be approximated on the support of a certain invariant measure.
+Indeed, the idea for the adaptive principle stated here
+is to intertwine the subdivision techniques with the computation of a
+natural invariant measure, an {\em SBR-measure}, say. Roughly speaking,
+the size of the covering boxes is reduced in those parts of
+state space where the natural invariant measure $\mu$ is concentrated, and,
+on the other hand, boxes are not subdivided in areas which have
+$\mu$-measure zero.
+
+The main goal of this article is to illustrate the efficiency of
+the new method by numerical examples. For that purpose we
+consider several dynamical systems
+for which the SBR-measure is known analytically since this allows us to
+compare the numerical results obtained by the {\em adaptive\/}
+subdivision algorithm to those obtained by the {\em standard\/}
+subdivision procedure. The adaptive algorithm is essentially based
+on the combination of two existing methods for which
+convergence results are known. However, this fact does not
+immediately imply convergence of the adaptive method as well.
+Rather this theoretical but relevant problem is
+currently under investigation, and the results will be published elsewhere.
+
+An outline of the paper is as follows: in Sect.\,\ref{sec:CSA} we
+recall the standard subdivision technique from \cite{DH1}. The numerical method
+for the approximation of SBR-measures is described in Sect.\,\ref{sec:fp}.
+Then, in Sect.\,\ref{sec:ASA}, we present our adaptive subdivision technique, and
+the efficiency of this method is illustrated by several examples in
+Sect.\,\ref{sec:num}.
+
+
+\section{The standard subdivision algorithm}
+\label{sec:CSA}
+%
+The purpose is to approximate invariant sets of discrete
+dynamical systems of the form
+\[
+x_{j+1} = f(x_j),\quad j=0,1,\ldots,
+\]
+where $f$ is a continuous mapping on $\R^n$.
+The central object which is approximated by the subdivision algorithm
+developed in \cite{DH1} is the so-called {\em relative global attractor},
+\begin{equation}
+\label{eq:relativAttractor2}
+A_Q=\bigcap_{j\geq0}f^j(Q),
+\end{equation}
+where $Q\subset\R^n$ is a compact subset. Roughly speaking,
+the set $A_Q$ should be viewed as the {\em union of unstable
+manifolds of invariant objects inside $Q$}. In particular,
+$A_Q$ may contain subsets of $Q$ which cannot be approximated
+by direct simulation.
+
+The subdivision algorithm for the approximation of $A_Q$
+generates a sequence $\cB_0,\cB_1,\cB_2,\ldots$ of finite
+collections of boxes with the property that for all
+integers $k$ the set $Q_k=\bigcup_{B\in\cB_k}B$
+is a covering of the relative global attractor under consideration.
+Moreover the sequence of coverings
+is constructed in such a way that the diameter of the boxes,
+\[
+\diam(\cB_k) = \max_{B\in\cB_k}\diam(B)
+\]
+converges to zero for $k\rightarrow\infty$.
+
+Given an initial collection $\cB_0$, one inductively obtains $\cB_k$ from
+$\cB_{k-1}$ for $k=1,2,\ldots$ in two steps.
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item {\em Subdivision:} Construct a new collection $\hat\cB_k$ such that
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+\bigcup_{B\in\hat\cB_k}B &=& \bigcup_{B\in\cB_{k-1}}B \\
+\mbox{and}\quad
+\diam(\hat\cB_k) &\leq& \theta\diam(\cB_{k-1})
+\end{eqnarray*}
+for some $0<\theta<1$.
+\item {\em Selection:} Define the new collection $\cB_k$ by
+\[
+\cB_k=\left\{B\in\hat\cB_k \!:\! f^{-1}(B)\!\cap\!\hat B\!\ne\!\emptyset
+\!\!\quad\mbox{for some}\!\!\quad\hat B\!\in\!\hat\cB_k\right\}.
+\]
+\end{enumerate}
+
+The following proposition establishes a general convergence property of
+this algorithm.
+
+\begin{proposition}[\cite{DH1}]
+\label{prop:sdconv}
+Let $A_Q$ be the global attractor relative to the compact set $Q$,
+and let $\cB_0$ be a finite collection of closed subsets with
+$Q_0=Q$. Then
+\[
+\lim\limits_{k\rightarrow\infty}
+h\left( A_Q, Q_k \right)=0,
+\]
+where we denote by $h(B,C)$ the usual Hausdorff distance between two
+compact subsets $B,C\subset\R^n$.
+\end{proposition}
+
+\setcounter{equation}{0}
+\section{Approximation of SBR-measures}
+\label{sec:fp}
+%
+Recently it has been shown in \cite{DJ:96} how to compute numerically
+approximations of an {\em SBR-measure\/} supported on a hyperbolic
+invariant set. Since we want to use this method in our adaptive scheme
+we now sketch the main ingredients of this algorithm.
+To make the ideas more transparent we simplify the description
+drastically by avoiding all technical details
+concerning the underlying mathematical foundation in Ergodic Theory.
+
+The crucial observation is that the calculation of
+invariant measures can be viewed as a fixed point problem.
+Let ${\cal M}$ be the set of probability measures on $\R^n$.
+Then $\mu\in{\cal M}$ is invariant if and
+only if it is a fixed point of the {\em Frobenius-Perron operator\/}
+$P:{\cal M}\to {\cal M}$,
+\begin{equation}
+\label{eq:fp-fixed}
+(P\mu)(B)=\mu(f^{-1}(B))\quad\mbox{for all measurable $B\subset\R^n$}.
+\end{equation}
+
+For a discretization of the operator $P:\cM\rightarrow\cM$ we
+replace $\cM$ by a finite dimensional
+set $\cM_k$: let $B_i\in\cB_k$, $i=1,\ldots,N$,
+denote the boxes in the covering obtained after $k$ steps in the subdivision
+algorithm and set as before $Q_k=\bigcup_{B\in\cB_k}B$.
+We choose $\cM_k$ to be the set of ``discrete probability
+measures'' on $\cB_k$, that is,
+\[
+\cM_k = \left\{ u:\cB_k\to [0,1] \quad\Bigg|
+\quad \sum_{i=1}^N u(B_i)=1\right\}.
+\]
+Assuming that $f(Q_k)\subset Q_k$ the discretized
+Frobenius-Perron operator $P_k:\cM_k\rightarrow\cM_k$ is given by
+\begin{eqnarray}\label{eq:FP}
+v= P_k u,\quad v(B_i)=\sum_{j=1}^N
+\frac{m(f^{-1}(B_i)\cap B_j)}{m(B_j)}u(B_j),\\
+\hfill i=1,\ldots,N,\nonumber
+\end{eqnarray}
+where $m$ denotes Lebesgue measure. Now a fixed point $u=P_k u$ of
+$P_k$ provides an approximation to an invariant measure of $f$.
+\begin{remark}
+For the mathematically precise statement on the convergence of this
+method one would have to introduce the concept of {\em small random
+perturbations}. The reason is that this allows one to use a result of
+Yu.\ Kifer on the convergence of invariant measures in the perturbed
+systems to the SBR-measure (\cite{Kifer:86}).
+However, the purpose of this article is to develop and to test an adaptive
+scheme for the box refinement in the subdivision algorithm rather than to
+explain the theoretical background concerning the computation of
+SBR-measures. Therefore the
+reader is referred to \cite{DJ:96} for the rigorous mathematical
+treatment.
+\end{remark}
+
+
+\section{The adaptive subdivision algorithm}
+\label{sec:ASA}
+%
+As mentioned above, the standard subdivision algorithm may approximate
+a part of the global attractor which is dynamically irrelevant in the
+sense that no invariant measure has support on this subset.
+The reason is that {\em each\/} box is subdivided in a step of the
+subdivision algorithm regardless of any information on the dynamical
+behavior. In particular, also those subsets of the relative global
+attractor corresponding to unstable or transient dynamical behavior
+are approximated by the standard procedure.
+
+On the other hand, if one is mainly interested in the approximation of
+the support of the (natural) invariant measure rather than in the precise
+geometric structure of the global attractor then this strategy may lead to
+unnecessary high storage and computation requirements. In the following
+we present a modified subdivision strategy which avoids this drawback:
+roughly speaking,
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[--] in the subdivision step we use
+the information on the actual approximation of the
+invariant measure to decide whether or not a box should be subdivided;
+\item[--] in the selection step we keep only those boxes
+which have a nonempty intersection with the support of the invariant measure.
+\end{itemize}
+
+To be more precise, let $\{\delta_k\}$ be a sequence of positive
+real numbers such that $\delta_k\to 0$ for $k\to\infty$. The algorithm
+generates a sequence of pairs
+\[
+(\cB_0, u_0),(\cB_1, u_1), (\cB_2, u_2), \ldots
+\]
+where the $\cB_k$'s are finite collections of compact subsets of
+$\R^n$ and the discrete measures $u_k:\cB_k\to[0,1]$ can be interpreted
+as approximations to the SBR-measure $\mu_{SBR}$:
+\[
+u_k(B) \approx \mu_{SBR}(B)\quad\mbox{for all $B\in\cB_k$}.
+\]
+
+Given an initial pair $(\cB_0, u_0)$, one inductively
+obtains $(\cB_k, u_k)$ from $(\cB_{k-1}, u_{k-1})$ for
+$k=1,2,\ldots$ in three steps:
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item {\em Subdivision:} Define
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+\cB_{k-1}^- &=&\{B\in\cB_{k-1}: u_{k-1}(B) < \delta_{k-1}\} \\
+\mbox{and}\qquad && \\ \cB_{k-1}^+ &=& \cB_{k-1}\backslash\cB_{k-1}^-.
+\end{eqnarray*}
+Construct a new (sub-)collection $\hat\cB_k^+$ such that
+\[
+\bigcup_{B\in \hat\cB_k^+} B = \bigcup_{B\in \cB_{k-1}^+} B
+\]
+where
+\[
+\diam(\hat\cB_k^+) \leq \theta\diam(\cB_{k-1}^+)
+\]
+for some $0 < \theta < 1$.
+\item {\em Calculation of the invariant measure:}
+Set
+\[
+\hat \cB_k = \cB_{k-1}^-\cup\hat\cB_k^+.
+\]
+For the collection $\hat \cB_k$ calculate the approximating
+invariant measure as the fixed point $\hat u_k$ of the discretized
+Frobenius-Perron operator defined by \Ref{eq:FP}.
+\item {\em Selection:} Set
+\[
+\cB_k = \{ B\in \hat \cB_k: \hat u_k(B) > 0\}
+\]
+and
+\[
+u_k = \hat u_k|_{\cB_k}.
+\]
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{remark}\label{rmk:real}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[(a)] In the realization of the algorithm we typically subdivide the
+boxes in the collection $\cB_k^+$ by bisection. This guarantees that
+the number of boxes is not growing too fast. For the details concerning the
+implementation the reader is again referred to \cite{DH1,DJ:96}.
+\item[(b)] In principle there is some freedom in choosing the sequence
+$\{\delta_k\}$ of positive numbers used in the subdivision step. Note however
+that this sequence determines the number of boxes which will be subdivided
+and hence it has a significant influence on the storage requirement.
+In the computations it turned out to be quite efficient to choose the
+average
+\[
+\delta_k = {1\over N_k}\sum_{B\in\cB_k} u_k(B) = {1\over N_k},
+\]
+where $N_k$ is the number of boxes in $\cB_k$.
+\item[(c)] In the numerical realization of the selection step (iii)
+we check whether $\hat u_k(B) > \epsilon$ where $\epsilon>0$ is chosen
+sufficiently small with respect to the machine precision.
+\end{itemize}
+\end{remark}
+
+
+\section{Numerical examples}
+\label{sec:num}
+%
+In this section we illustrate the efficiency of the adaptive scheme by
+several numerical examples. First we consider three one-dimensional
+mappings for which the SBR-mea\-sures are known analytically. For these
+cases we
+will see that, as expected, the new technique is particularly useful
+if the underlying invariant density has singularities. Additionally we
+consider the H\'{e}non map as a two-dimensional
+example and show the box refinement produced
+by the adaptive subdivision algorithm at a certain step.
+
+Before proceeding let us indicate some details concerning the implementation
+of the adaptive subdivision algorithm:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[(a)] The subdivision is always done by bisection and the boxes
+are stored in a binary tree. This way we keep the storage requirement
+at a low level.
+\item[(b)] For the computation of the transition probabilities
+\linebreak $m(f^{-1}(B_i)\cap B_j)$ in \Ref{eq:FP}
+we use an exhaustion technique as described in \cite{GDK}. This method
+is particularly useful when -- as in our examples -- local Lipschitz constants
+are available for the underlying dynamical system.
+\item[(c)] The computation of the discrete measures is done by an inverse
+power method. In the solution of the corresponding linear systems
+the fact is taken into account that the discretized
+Frobenius-Perron operator is extremely sparse.
+\end{itemize}
+The adaptive algorithm is integrated into the C++ code {\sf GAIO}
+({\bf G}lobal {\bf A}nalysis of {\bf I}nvariant {\bf O}bjects).
+A link to a detailed description of {\sf GAIO} can be found on
+the homepages of the authors.
+
+
+\subsection*{Three one-dimensional examples}
+\label{subsec:1D}
+%
+Motivated by the numerical investigations in \cite{DingDuLi:93}
+we apply the adaptive subdivision algorithm to three different
+one-dimensional dynamical systems on the interval $[0,1]$. In each
+case we have chosen the initial collection $\cB_0=\{[0,1]\}$.
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[{\it 1.}]
+As a first example we consider the Logistic Map $f_1:[0,1]\to [0,1]$,
+\[
+f_1(x)=\lambda x(1-x)
+\]
+for $\lambda=4$. The unique absolutely continuous invariant measure $\mu$
+of $f_1$ has the density
+\[
+h_1(x)={1\over \pi \sqrt{x(1-x)}}
+\]
+(see e.g.\ \cite{Lasota:94}). Using the standard and the adaptive
+algorithm we have approximated this density on several levels
+and the results are shown in Table 1. We remark that even
+the computation for $\ell=20$ only takes about 50 sec
+on an MIPS R4400 cpu.
+
+\begin{table} \label{tab:log}
+\caption{Comparison between the standard and the adaptive subdivision
+algorithm for the Logistic Map. The minimal box volume in each row
+is $2^{-\ell}$}
+\begin{tabular}{ l l l l l }
+\hline
+$\ell$ &
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{number of boxes} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{$L^1$-error} \\
+ & standard & adaptive & standard & adaptive \\ \hline
+6 & 64 & 17 & 0.1390 & 0.1431 \\
+8 & 256 & 34 & 0.0670 & 0.0765 \\
+12 & 4096 & 151 & 0.0210 & 0.0258 \\
+16 & 65536 & 679 & 0.0064 & 0.0073 \\
+20 & $2^{20}$ & 2831 & - & 0.0021 \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+In Fig.~\ref{fig:log} we illustrate the fact that the size of the boxes
+is much smaller for those which are close to zero or one. Indeed, this is
+what we expect since the density has singularities in these points.
+
+\begin{figure*}
+\vbox{\hbox to\textwidth{\psfig{figure=cvs21.f1a,width=6cm}\hspace{5mm}
+\psfig{figure=cvs21.f1b,width=6cm}\hfill \parbox[b]{50mm}{%
+\caption[]{Illustration of the relation between the density and the
+ actual box refinement produced by the adaptive subdivision
+ algorithm for $\ell =10$: {\bf a} the density $h_1$;
+ {\bf b} the radii versus the midpoints of
+boxes}\vspace{2mm}}}}
+\label{fig:log}
+\end{figure*}
+
+\item[{\it 2.}] We consider the map $f_2:[0,1]\to [0,1]$,
+\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{2.1}
+\[
+f_2(x)=\left\{
+\begin{array}{ll}
+\displaystyle{2x\over 1-x^2} & \mbox{for}\quad 0\le x< \sqrt{2}-1, \\
+\displaystyle{1-x^2\over 2x} & \mbox{for}\quad \sqrt{2}-1 \le x \le 1.
+\end{array}
+\right.
+\]
+\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.0}
+Its invariant density is
+\[
+h_2(x)= {4\over \pi (1+x^2)}\; ,
+\]
+see Fig.\,\ref{fig:tent}.
+
+\begin{figure*}
+\vbox{\hbox to\textwidth{\psfig{figure=cvs21.f2a,width=6cm}\hspace{5mm}%
+\psfig{figure=cvs21.f2b,width=6cm}\hfill
+\parbox[b]{50mm}{%
+\caption[]{{\bf a} The map $f_2$; and {\bf b} its invariant density
+ $h_2$}\vspace{1mm}}}}
+\label{fig:tent}
+\end{figure*}
+
+In Table \ref{tab:tent} we present the numerical results
+for this case. As expected the application of the adaptive
+subdivision algorithm is not more efficient than the
+standard one since the invariant measure is quite close to Lebesgue
+measure.
+
+\begin{table}
+\caption[]{Comparison of the numerical results for $f_2$
+ ($\ell$ as in Table~1)}
+\label{tab:tent}
+\begin{tabular}{ l l l l l }
+\hline
+$\ell$ &
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{number of boxes} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{$L^1$-error} \\
+ & standard & adaptive & standard & adaptive \\ \hline
+6 & 64 & 45 & 0.0027 & 0.0053 \\
+8 & 256 & 187 & $6.5\cdot 10^{-4}$ & 0.0013 \\
+10 & 1024 & 759 & $1.7\cdot 10^{-4}$ & $3.2\cdot 10^{-4}$ \\
+12 & 4096 & 3047 & $4.6\cdot 10^{-5}$ & $7.8\cdot 10^{-5}$ \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+\item[{\it 3.}] Finally we consider the map $f_3:[0,1]\to [0,1]$,
+\[
+f_3(x) = \left({1\over 8} -2 \left|x-{1\over 2}\right|^3\right)^{1\over 3}
++ {1\over 2},
+\]
+with the invariant density
+\[
+h_3(x) = 12\left(x-{1\over 2}\right)^2.
+\]
+The graphs of $f_3$ and $h_3$ are shown in Fig.\,\ref{fig:stahl}.
+
+\begin{figure*}
+\vbox{\hbox to\textwidth{\psfig{figure=cvs21.f3a,width=6cm}\hspace{5mm}%
+\psfig{figure=cvs21.f3b,width=6cm}\hfill
+\parbox[b]{50mm}{%
+\caption[]{{\bf a} The map $f_3$; and {\bf b} its invariant density
+ $h_3$}\vspace{2mm}}}}
+\label{fig:stahl}
+\end{figure*}
+
+\begin{figure*}
+\vbox{\hbox to\textwidth{\psfig{figure=cvs21.f4a,height=5.3cm}\hspace{5mm}%
+\psfig{figure=cvs21.f4b,height=5.3cm}\hfill}}
+\caption[]{{\bf a} A tiling of the square $[-2,2]^2$ obtained by the
+ adaptive subdivision algorithm; and {\bf b} the subcollection
+ $\tilde{\cB}$ of boxes with discrete density bigger than
+ $0.35$ (see also \protect\Ref{eq:dm})}
+\label{fig:henon}
+\end{figure*}
+
+We now discuss the numerical results presented in Table~\ref{tab:stahl}.
+Note that the derivative of $f_3$ has singularities at two points
+inside $[0,1]$. This is the reason why several boxes get lost in
+the realization of the selection step in the standard subdivision
+algorithm. Consequently the computation of the invariant measure
+does not lead to satisfying results. In contrast to this no boxes are lost
+in the application of the adaptive subdivision technique, and accordingly
+the $L^1$-error is decreasing with an increasing number of subdivision steps.
+
+\begin{table}
+\caption[]{Comparison of the numerical results for $f_3$
+ ($\ell$ as in Table~1)}
+\label{tab:stahl}
+\begin{tabular}{ l l l l l }
+\hline
+$\ell$ &
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{number of boxes} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{$L^1$-error} \\
+ & standard & adaptive & standard & adaptive \\ \hline
+6 & 63 & 11 & 0.0260 & 0.2931 \\
+8 & 249 & 30 & 0.0105 & 0.2583 \\
+10 & 993 & 189 & 0.0110 & 0.0435 \\
+12 & 3967 & 816 & 0.0133 & 0.0065 \\ \hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+\subsection*{The H\'enon map}
+\label{subsec:henon}
+%
+We apply the adaptive subdivision algorithm to a two-di\-men\-sio\-nal
+example, namely a scaled version of the well known {\em H\'enon map}
+\[
+f:\R^2\to \R^2,\quad
+f(x,y) = (1-ax^2+y/5,\; 5bx).
+\]
+In the computations we have fixed the parameters by $a=1.2$, $b=0.2$,
+and we have chosen $\cB_0=\{[-2,2]^2\}$.
+
+In Fig.\,\ref{fig:henon} we present a tiling of the square $[-2,2]^2$
+obtained by the adaptive subdivision algorithm after several subdivision
+steps. The resulting box-collection $\cB$ consists of the
+grey boxes shown in part (a) of this figure.
+We expect that due to the numerical approximation some boxes have
+positive {\em discrete\/} measure although they do not intersect the
+support of the {\em real\/} natural invariant measure.
+Having this in mind we neglect those boxes with very small discrete
+measure and show in Fig.\,\ref{fig:henon}b a subcollection
+$\tilde\cB\subset\cB$ with the property that
+\begin{equation}
+\label{eq:dm}
+\sum_{B\in\tilde\cB} u(B) \approx 0.99
+\end{equation}
+(see also Remark~\ref{rmk:real}(c)).
+
+\begin{figure}
+\vbox{\hbox to\textwidth{\psfig{figure=cvs21.f5,width=8.6cm}\hfill}}
+\caption[]{Illustration of the (natural) invariant measure for the
+ H\'enon map. The picture shows the density of the discrete
+ measure on $\tilde\cB$, see \protect\Ref{eq:dm}}
+\label{fig:hen2}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{remark}
+For our choice of the parameter values we cannot explicitly
+write down a natural invariant measure. Hence it is impossible
+to compare our numerical results using analytical ones.
+Moreover, it is not even known for an arbitrary choice of the parameter
+values whether or not the H\'enon map possesses an SBR-measure.
+However, recently it was proved by M.\ Benedicks and L.-S.\ Young that
+the H\'enon map indeed has an SBR-measure for a
+``large'' set of parameter values, see \cite{BenYoung}.
+\end{remark}
+
+
+Finally we apply the numerical techniques described in
+\cite{DJ:96} to determine the essential dynamical behavior of the
+H\'enon map for this choice of parameter values. An approximation
+of the (natural) invariant measure obtained by the adaptive
+subdivision algorithm is shown in Fig.\,\ref{fig:hen2}. This
+computation is based on the total number of 1514 boxes inside the
+square $[-2,2]^2$, whereas the support of the
+invariant measure is covered by 1442 boxes.
+The results indicate that the H\'enon map exhibits complicated dynamical
+behavior.
+
+Moreover it can be shown that the areas
+where the density is colored red resp.\ blue
+are permuted cyclically by the mapping. Hence altogether
+we may conclude that for these parameter values the H\'enon
+map exhibits a two-cycle (the ``macro-dynamics'') in addition to
+unpredictable (chaotic) behavior. This fact is also demonstrated
+by a {\sf Java}-animation for which a link can be found on the
+homepages of the authors. \thisbottomragged
+
+
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{10.}
+
+\bibitem{BenYoung}
+M.\ Benedicks, L.-S.\ Young.
+Sinai-\protect{Bowen}-\protect{Ruelle} measures for certain
+ \protect{Henon} maps.
+{Invent.\ math.}, {\bf 112}:541--576, 1993
+
+\bibitem{DH2}
+M.\ Dellnitz, A.\ Hohmann.
+The computation of unstable manifolds using subdivision and
+ continuation.
+In H.W. Broer, S.A. van Gils, I.~Hoveijn, F.~Takens (eds),
+ {Nonlinear Dynamical Systems and Chaos}, pages 449--459. Birkh\"auser,
+ {PNLDE} {\bf 19}, 1996
+
+\bibitem{DH1}
+M.\ Dellnitz, A.\ Hohmann.
+A subdivision algorithm for the computation of unstable manifolds and
+ global attractors.
+{Numerische Mathematik}, {\bf 75}:293--317, 1997
+
+\bibitem{DJ:96}
+M.\ Dellnitz, O.\ Junge.
+On the approximation of complicated dynamical behavior.
+To appear in SIAM J. on Numerical Analysis, 1998
+
+\bibitem{DJchua:97}
+M.\ Dellnitz, O.\ Junge.
+Almost invariant sets in \protect{Chua's} circuit.
+To appear in {Int.\ J.\ Bif.\ and Chaos}, 1997
+
+\bibitem{DingDuLi:93}
+J.~Ding, Q.~Du,, T.~Y. Li.
+High order approximation of the {Frobenius}-{Perron} operator.
+{Appl.\ Math.\ Comp.}, {\bf 53}:151--171, 1993
+
+\bibitem{Eiden}
+M.\ Eidenschink.
+{Exploring Global Dynamics: A Numerical Algorithm Based on the
+ Conley Index Theory}.
+PhD Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995
+\newpage
+
+\bibitem{GDK}
+R.\ Guder, M.\ Dellnitz,, E.\ Kreuzer.
+An adaptive method for the approximation of the generalized cell
+ mapping.
+{Chaos, Solitons and Fractals}, {\bf 8}(4):525--534, 1997
+\bibitem{Kifer:86}
+Yu.\ Kifer.
+General random perturbations of hyperbolic and expanding
+ transformations.
+{J.\ Analyse Math.}, {\bf 47}:111--150, 1986
+
+\bibitem{Lasota:94}
+A.\ Lasota, M.C.\ Mackey.
+{Chaos, Fractals and Noise}.
+Springer, 1994
+
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a29d03bbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Computing and Visualization in Science (CVS)
+%
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for Computing and
+Visualization in Science
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ svcvs.clo The class option file for CVS
+ cvsgui.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+ example.* Example of an article (tex, dvi, ps [also in psoutput.zip])
+ figures.zip PS files needed by the sample file
+ psoutput.zip PS files of the above mentioned DVIs,
+ compressed due to their size. The file example.ps
+ contains a ready to print version that can be produced
+ at the publisher only, when page numbers are fixed
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/svcvs.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/svcvs.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6170bffd49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/svcvs.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION CVS -- Computing and Visualization in Science
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svcvs.clo}
+ [1998/07/08 v1.0 style option for CVS]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svcvs.clo for^^J%
+Computing and Visualization in Science}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,twocolumn,10pt,fleqn}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{10.5dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{15dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{39.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{640dd}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}%
+\def\sectcounterend{}%
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalfont}}%
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}%
+\def\abstractname{Abstract.}%
+\def\ackname{Acknowledgements.}%
+\journalname{Computing and Visualization in Science}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svcvs.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
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+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c98af52816
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Computing and Visualization in Science
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[cvs,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+%
+\keywords{Finite elements, Detonation, Safety}%end of abstract
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/cvs/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/dcguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/dcguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..449797b397
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/dcguide.dvi
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/dcguide.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/dcguide.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5bc316b43d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/dcguide.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+\makeatletter
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
+\renewenvironment{decl}[1][]%
+ {\par\small\addvspace{2.3ex}%
+ \vskip -\parskip
+ \ifx\relax#1\relax
+ \def\@decl@date{}%
+ \else
+ \def\@decl@date{\NEWfeature{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\hspace{-\leftmargini}%
+ \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\ignorespaces}%
+ {\\\hline\end{tabular}\nobreak\@decl@date\par\nobreak
+ \vspace{2.3ex plus 1ex}\vskip -\parskip}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+%
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parskip 0\p@ \@plus 1\p@
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \topsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@\relax}
+\@listI
+\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount}
+\makeatother
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement
+for\\\textit{Distributed Computing}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1998, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{1 February 1998}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{dc} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Distributed Computing} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[dc]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{Users guide}.
+
+\section{Extra commands}
+
+There is one additional environment:
+\begin{decl}
+|\begin{biography}|\arg{name}\\
+|<Curriculum Vitae>|\\
+|\end{biography}|
+\end{decl}
+which usually follows the references section.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/layout.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/layout.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..577ade3337
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/layout.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/layout.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/layout.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..99efa609a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/layout.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,860 @@
+\documentclass[dc]{svjour}
+\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage[fleqn]{amstex}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+%\usepackage{script}
+%\usepackage{mytimes}
+%\usepackage{mymathtimes}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\usepackage{psfig}
+\makeatletter
+\@mathmargin\z@
+\makeatother
+%
+%\input{totalin.dc}
+%
+%\idline{Distrib. Comput (1997) 10: 65--78}{65}
+\begin{document}
+
+\def\bsub#1{\def\theequation{#1\alph{equation}}\setcounter{equation}{0}}
+\def\esub#1{\def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}\setcounter{equation}{#1}}
+
+\title{Local coupling of shell models\thanks{see also paper by
+Claudia Schiffer, Valeria Mazza, Cindy
+Crawford, Naomi Campbell, Helena Christensen, Elle McPherson, Eva
+Herzigova, Kathy Ireland, Kate Moss, Stephanie Seymour}
+ leads to anomalous scaling}
+
+\subtitle{This is a sample article for Distributed Computing}
+
+\author{C. Uhlig\inst{1} \and J. Eggers\thanks{Professor emeritus}\and
+I.~Abt\inst{1} \and T.~Ahmed\inst{2} \and
+V.~Andreev\inst{3}\and B.~Andrieu\inst{4}\and R.-D. Appuhn
+\inst{5}}
+
+\mail{Springer-Verlag}
+
+\institute{Fachbereich Physik, Universit\"at -- Gesamthochschule --
+Essen, D-45117 Essen, Germany\and
+I. Physikalisches Institut der RWTH, Aachen, Germany\thanks{Supported by
+the Bundesministerium f\"ur Forschung und Technologie, FRG under
+contract numbers 6AC17P, 6AC47P, 6DO57I, 6HH17P, 6HH27I, 6HD17I, 6HD27I,
+6KI17P, 6MP17I, and 6WT87P} \and
+III. Physikalisches Institut der RWTH,
+Aachen, Germany \and School of Physics and Space Research,
+University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK\thanks{Supported by the UK
+Science and Engineering Research Council}
+\and Inter-University
+Institute for High Energies ULB-VUB, Brussels, Belgium\thanks{Supported
+by IISN-IIKW, NATO CRG-890478} \and Rutherford Appleton Laboratory,
+Chilton, Didcot, UK \and Institute for Nuclear Physics,
+Cracow, Poland\thanks{Supported by the Polish State Committee for
+Scientific Research, grant No. 204209101}
+\and Physics Department and
+IIRPA, University of California, Davis, California,
+USA}
+
+
+%\date{Received: 14 November 1996 / Revised version: 2 January 1997}
+
+
+\maketitle
+
+\begin{abstract}
+This article demonstrates (almost) all possibilities offered by the
+new document class \verb|SVJour| in connection with the journal specific
+class option \verb|[dc]|. For detailed instructions please consult the
+accompanying documentation.
+\keywords{Routing schemes -- Universal routing schemes --
+Implementation}\end{abstract}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Introduction %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+
+Much of our intuitive understanding of turbulence is based on the
+concept of interactions which are local in k-space. Physically,
+it is based on the notion that most of the distortion of a turbulence
+element or eddy can only come from eddies of comparable size.
+Turbulent features which are much larger only uniformly translate
+smaller eddies, which does not contribute to the energy transfer.
+This immediately leads to the idea of a chain of turbulence elements,
+through which energy is transported to the energy dissipating
+scales. Accepting such a cascade structure of the turbulent velocity
+field, it is natural to assume that the statistical average
+of velocity differences ${\bf \delta v(r) = v(x+r) - v(x)}$ over a distance
+$|{\bf r}|$ follows scaling laws
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{vscaling}
+ D^{(p)}(r) \equiv \left<|{\bf v(x+r) - v(x)}|^p\right> \sim
+r^{\zeta_p}
+\end{equation}
+in the limit of high Reynolds numbers. By taking velocity {\it differences}
+over a distance $r$, one probes objects of corresponding size.
+
+\begin{claim}
+This is a claim. Claims are unnumbered and the appearance is exactly the
+same as is proofs.
+\end{claim}
+
+\begin{proof}
+This is a proof. Proofs are unnumbered and the appearance is exactly the
+same as is claims.
+\end{proof}
+
+\begin{case}\label{romadur}
+This is a case. Cases are unnumbered and the appearance is exactly the
+same as is claims.
+\end{case}
+
+In Case \ref{romadur} you want a different numbering system for your
+theorem like environments please see Sect. 2 of the documentation of the
+general Springer journals document class.
+
+\begin{remark}
+This is a remark. Remarks are unnumbered and the appearance is exactly the
+same as is claims.
+\end{remark}
+
+\begin{theorem}
+This is a theorem. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the corollary, the
+definition, the lemma, and the proposition.
+\end{theorem}
+
+\begin{proposition}
+This is a proposition. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the corollary, the
+definition, the lemma, and the theorem. You should try it yourself.
+\end{proposition}
+
+\begin{lemma}
+This is a lemma. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the corollary, the
+definition, the theorem, and the proposition.
+\end{lemma}
+
+\begin{definition}
+This is a definition. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the corollary, the
+theorem, the lemma, and the proposition.
+\end{definition}
+
+\begin{corollary}
+This is a corollary. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the theorem, the
+definition, the lemma, and the proposition.
+\end{corollary}
+
+If this is not enough, simply define your own environment according to
+Sect. 5.2 of the documentation of the general Springer journals document class.
+
+\begin{exercise}
+This is an exercise. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the problem and solution.
+\end{exercise}
+
+\begin{problem}
+This is an problem. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the exercise and solution.
+\end{problem}
+
+\begin{solution}
+This is an solution. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the problem and exercise.
+\end{solution}
+
+\begin{conjecture}
+This is an conjecture. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the example, note,
+property, and question.
+\end{conjecture}
+
+\begin{example}
+This is an example. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the conjecture, note,
+property, and question.
+\end{example}
+
+\begin{property}
+This is an property. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the conjecture, note,
+example, and question.
+\end{property}
+
+\begin{note}
+This is an note. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the example,
+conjecture, property, and question.
+\end{note}
+
+\begin{question}
+This is an question. This environment is automagically numbered and the
+layout should be exactly the same as that of the example,
+conjecture, property, and example.
+\end{question}
+
+In addition to this assumption of self-similarity, Kolmogorov
+\cite{kolmogorov41} also made the seemingly intuitive assumption that
+the local statistics of the velocity field should be {\it independent}
+of large-scale flow features, from which it is widely separated in scale.
+Because the turbulent state is maintained by a mean energy flux
+$\epsilon$, the only local scales available are the length $r$ and
+$\epsilon$ itself, which leads to the estimate $\delta v \sim
+(\epsilon r)^{1/3}$ or
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{2/3}
+ \zeta^{(class)}_p = p/3 .
+\end{equation}
+At the same time, one obtains an estimate for the Kolmogorov length
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eta}
+ \eta = (\nu^3/\epsilon)^{1/4}
+\end{equation}
+where viscosity is important. However, it was only appreciated later
+\cite{landau59} that in turbulence long-range correlations
+always exist in spite of local coupling. Namely, large-scale fluctuations
+of the velocity field will result in a fluctuating energy transfer,
+which drives smaller scales. As a result, the statistics of the small-scale
+velocity fluctuations will be influenced by the energy transfer
+and fluctuations on widely separated scales are correlated,
+violating the fundamental assumption implicit in (\ref{2/3}) and
+(\ref{eta}).
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item This is the first entry in this list.
+\item This is the second entry in this list.
+\item This is the third entry in this list.
+\item This is the fourth entry in the top level of this list.
+\begin{itemize}
+\item This is the first entry of the second level in this list.
+\item This is the second entry of the second level in this list.
+\begin{itemize}
+\item This is the first entry of the third level in this list.
+\item This is the third entry of the second level in this list.
+\item This is the third entry of the third level in this list.
+\end{itemize}
+\item This is the third entry of the second level in this list.
+\end{itemize}
+\item This is the fifth entry in this list.
+\item This is the last entry in this list.
+\end{itemize}
+
+Indeed, Kolmogorov \cite{kolmogorov62} and Obukhov \cite{obukhov62}
+later proposed the existence of
+corrections to the scaling exponents (\ref{2/3}),
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{correct}
+ \zeta_p = p/3 + \delta\zeta_p \;, \delta\zeta_p \ne 0
+\end{equation}
+which were subsequently confirmed experimentally
+%[5--8].
+\cite{anselmet84,benzi93a,benzi93b,herweijer95}.
+On one hand, careful laboratory
+experiments have been performed at ever higher Reynolds numbers
+\cite{anselmet84,castaing90}. On the other hand, a new method of
+data analysis \cite{benzi93a,benzi93b} has been successful
+in eliminating part of the effects of viscosity.
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item This is the first entry in this numbered list.
+\item This is the second entry in this numbered list.
+\item This is the third entry in this numbered list.
+\item This is the fourth entry in the top level of this numbered list.
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item This is the first entry of the second level in this numbered list.
+\item This is the second entry of the second level in this numbered list.
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item This is the first entry of the third level in this numbered list.
+\item This is the third entry of the second level in this numbered list.
+\item This is the third entry of the third level in this numbered list.
+\end{enumerate}
+\item This is the third entry of the second level in this numbered list.
+\end{enumerate}
+\item This is the fifth entry in this numbered list.
+\item This is the last entry in this numbered list.
+\end{enumerate}
+In particular,
+for the highest moments up to $p = 18$ significant corrections to
+classical scaling were found, a currently accepted value for the so-called
+intermittency parameter $\mu$ being
+\cite{anselmet84}
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{mu}
+ \mu = -\delta\zeta_6 = 0.2 ,
+\end{equation}
+which is a 10 \% correction. The existence of corrections like
+(\ref{mu}) implies that on small scales large fluctuations are much more
+likely to occur than predicted by classical theory.
+
+This ``intermittent'' behavior is thus most noticeable in derivatives
+of the velocity field such as the local rate of energy dissipation
+\[
+\epsilon({\bf x},t) = \frac{\nu}{2}\left(\partial u_i/\partial x_k
+ + \partial u_k/\partial x_i\right)^2 .
+\]
+Much of the research in turbulence has been devoted to the study
+of the spatial structure of $\epsilon({\bf x},t)$
+\cite{kolmogorov62,nelkin89}, but which will not be considered here.
+The statistical average of this quantity is what we simply called
+$\epsilon$ before. Owing to energy conservation, it must be equal
+to the mean energy transfer.
+
+The local coupling structure of turbulence has inspired the study
+of so-called shell models, where each octave in wavenumber is
+represented by a {\it constant} number of modes, which are
+only locally coupled. This allows to focus on the implications of
+local coupling for intermittent fluctuations, disregarding
+effects of convection and mixing. The mode representation
+of a single shell serves as a simple model for the ``coherent
+structures'' a turbulent velocity field is composed of, and which
+to date have only been poorly characterized, both experimentally and
+theoretically.
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% section 2 %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Two cascade models}
+\label{sec:model}
+\subsection{Reduced wave vector set approximation}
+\subsubsection{Test for heading of third order}
+\paragraph{The REWA model.}
+The REWA model
+\cite{eggers91a,grossmann94a} is based on the full Fourier-transformed
+Navier-Stokes equation within a volume of periodicity $(2\pi L)^{3}$. In order
+to restrict the excited Fourier-modes of the turbulent velocity field
+to a numerically tractable number, the Navier-Stokes equation is
+projected
+onto a self-similar set of wave vectors ${\cal K}=\bigcup_{\ell}{\cal
+ K}_{\ell}$. Each of the wave vector shells ${\cal K}_{\ell}$ represents
+an octave of wave numbers. The shell ${\cal K}_{0}$ describes
+the turbulent
+motion of the large eddies which are of the order of the outer length scale
+$L$. This shell is defined by $N$ wave vectors ${\bf k}^{(0)}_{i}$: ${\cal
+ K}_{0}=\{{\bf k}^{(0)}_{i}:i=1,\dots,N\}$. Starting with the generating
+shell ${\cal K}_{0}$, the other shells ${\cal K}_{\ell}$ are found by a
+successive rescaling of ${\cal K}_{0}$ with a scaling factor 2: ${\cal
+ K}_{\ell}=2^{\ell} {\cal K}_{0}$. Thus each ${\cal K}_{\ell}$
+consists of the $N$ scaled wave vectors $ 2^{\ell}{\bf k}_{i}^{(0)},\
+i=1,\dots,N$. The shell ${\cal K}_{\ell}$ represents eddies at length scales
+$r\sim 2^{-\ell}L$, i.e. to smaller and smaller eddies as the shell index
+$\ell$ increases.
+At scales $r \approx \eta$ the fluid motion is damped by
+viscosity $\nu$, thus preventing the generation of infinitely
+small scales. Hence we only need to simulate shells ${\cal K}_{\ell},
+\ell < \ell_{\nu}$, where $\ell_{\nu} \approx \log_2(L/\eta)$
+is chosen such that the amplitudes in ${\cal K}_{\ell_{\nu}}$ are
+effectively zero. In this representation the Navier-Stokes equation for
+incompressible fluids reads for all ${\bf k}\in {\cal
+ K}=\bigcup_{\ell=0}^{\ell_{\nu}}{\cal K}_{\ell}$:
+\bsub{7}
+ \begin{eqnarray}
+ \label{incompNSeq}
+ \frac{\partial}{\partial t}u_{i}({\bf k},t)&=&
+ -\imath M_{ijk}({\bf k})\sum_{
+ {\bf p},{\bf q}\in{\cal K}\atop {\bf k}={\bf p}+{\bf q}} u_{j}({\bf
+ p},t)u_{k}({\bf q},t)\nonumber\\ &&
+ -\nu k^{2}u_{i}({\bf k},t)+f_{i}({\bf
+ k},t)\label{NSeq}\\
+ {\bf k}\cdot {\bf u}({\bf k},t)&=&0\label{compress} .
+ \end{eqnarray}
+\esub{7}%
+The coupling tensor $M_{ijk}({\bf k})=\left[k_{j}P_{ik}({\bf
+ k})+k_{k}P_{ij}({\bf k})\right]/2$ with the projector $P_{ik}({\bf
+ k})=\delta_{ik}-k_{i}k_{k}/k^{2}$ is symmetric in $j,k$ and $M_{ijk}({\bf
+ k})=-M_{ijk}(-{\bf k})$. The inertial part of (\ref{NSeq}) consists
+of all triadic interactions between modes with ${\bf k}={\bf p}+{\bf q}$.
+They are the same as in the full Navier-Stokes equation for this triad.
+The velocity field is driven by an external force ${\bf f}({\bf
+ k},t)$ which simulates the energy input through a large-scale instability.
+
+%\begin{figure*}\sidecaption
+%\psfig{figure=fig1.eps,width=6.7cm}
+%\resizebox{0.3\hsize}{!}{\includegraphics*{fig1.eps}}
+% \caption{A two-dimensional projection of the $k$-vectors
+% in shell ${\cal K}_0$ for both the REWA models considered here.
+% The small set ($\times$) contains all vectors with -1, 0, and 1 as
+% components. The large set ($\bigcirc$), in addition, contains
+% combinations with $\pm1/2$ and $\pm 2$
+% }
+% \label{fig:sets}
+%\end{figure*}
+
+Within this approximation scheme the energy of a shell is
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{energy}
+ E_{\ell}(t)=\frac{1}{2}\sum_{{\bf k}\in{\cal K}_{\ell}} |{\bf u}({\bf
+ k},t)|^{2},
+\end{equation}
+and in the absence of any viscous or external driving the
+total energy of the flow field
+$E_{tot}(t)=\sum_{\ell=0}^{\ell_{\nu}} E_{\ell}(t)$ is conserved.
+The choice of generating wave vectors ${\bf k}^{(0)}_i$ determines
+the possible triad interactions. This choice must at least guarantee
+energy transfer between shells and some mixing within a shell. In
+\cite{eggers91a,grossmann94a} different choices for
+wavenumber sets ${\cal K}_0$ are investigated. The larger the number
+$N$ of wave numbers, the more effective the energy transfer. Usually
+one selects directions in ${\bf k}$-space to be distributed evenly
+over a sphere. However, there are different possibilities which
+change the relative importance of intra-shell versus inter-shell
+couplings. In this paper, we are going to investigate two different
+wave vector sets, with $N=26$ and $N=74$, which we call the small and the
+large wave vector set, respectively. In Fig.~1 a two-dimensional
+projection of both sets is plotted. The large wave vector set also
+contains some next-to-nearest neighbor interactions between shells,
+which we put to zero here, since they contribute little to the
+energy transfer. The small set allows 120 different interacting triads,
+the large set 501 triads, 333 of which are between shells.
+
+\begin{figure}%f2
+%\psfig{figure=fig2.eps,width=3.25cm}
+\sidecaption
+\includegraphics[width=2cm,bb=0 0 192 635]{fig2}
+ \caption{The structure of a local cascade.
+ Eddies of size $r\sim 2^{-\ell}L$ are
+ represented by their total energy $E_{\ell}$.
+ Only modes of
+ neighboring shells interact, leading to a local energy
+ transfer $T_{\ell\rightarrow\ell+1}(t)$. The cascade is driven by
+ injecting energy into the largest scale with rate
+ $T_{0}^{(in)}(t)$. The turbulent motion is damped by viscous dissipation
+ at a rate
+ $T_{\ell}^{(diss)}(t)$
+ }
+ \label{fig:modelstructure}
+\end{figure}
+
+Since in the models we consider energy transfer is purely local,
+the shell energies $E_{\ell}(t),\ \ell=0,\dots,\ell_{\nu}$ only change
+in response to energy influx $T_{\ell-1\rightarrow \ell}$ from above
+and energy outflux $T_{\ell\rightarrow \ell+1}$ to the lower
+shell. In addition, there is a rate of viscous dissipation
+$T_{\ell}^{(diss)}(t)$ which is concentrated on small scales,
+and a rate of energy input $T_{0}^{in}(t)$, which feeds
+the top level only, cf. Fig.~\ref{fig:modelstructure}.
+
+From (\ref{NSeq}) we find an energy balance equation which governs
+the time evolution of the shell energies $E_{\ell}(t)$
+\begin{multline}
+ \label{energyconservationlaw}
+ \frac{d}{dt} E_{\ell}(t)=T_{\ell-1\rightarrow \ell}(t)-T_{\ell\rightarrow
+ \ell+1}(t)+T_{\ell}^{(diss)}(t)+\\ T_{0}^{(in)}(t)\delta_{\ell0} .
+\end{multline}
+The different transfer terms are found to be
+\bsub{10}
+\begin{align}
+\label{FWtransfer}
+ T_{\ell\rightarrow \ell+1}(t) &=
+ 2\imath \sum_{\triangle^{(\ell+1)}_{(\ell)}}
+ M_{ijk}({\bf k}) u_{i}^{*}({\bf k},t)u_{j}({\bf p},t)u_{k}({\bf q},t)
+ \label{FWta}\\
+ T_{0}^{(in)}(t) &= \sum_{{\bf k}\in{\cal K}_{0}} \mbox{\rm Re}\left({\bf
+ u}^{*}({\bf k},t)\cdot{\bf f}({\bf k},t)\right) \label{FWtb}\\
+ T_{\ell}^{(diss)}(t) &= -\nu \sum_{{\bf k}\in{\cal K}_{\ell}} k^{2}|{\bf
+ u}({\bf k},t)|^{2} \label{FWtc}.
+\end{align}
+\esub{10}%
+In (\ref{FWta}) $\sum_{\triangle^{(\ell+1)}_{(\ell)}}$
+indicates the summation over all
+next-neighbor triads ${\bf k}={\bf p}+{\bf q}$ with ${\bf k}\in {\cal
+ K}_{\ell},\ {\bf p}\in{\cal K}_{\ell+1}$ and ${\bf q}\in{\cal
+ K}_{\ell}\bigcup{\cal K}_{\ell+1}$.
+
+The driving force ${\bf f}({\bf k},t)$ is assumed to act only on the
+largest scales, and controls the rate of energy input
+$T_{0}^{(in)}(t)$. As in \cite{eggers91a}
+we choose ${\bf f}({\bf k},t)$ to ensure constant energy input
+$T^{(in)}_0 = \epsilon$ :
+
+\bsub{11}
+ \begin{eqnarray}
+ \label{force}
+ {\bf f}({\bf k},t)&=&\frac{\epsilon {\bf u}({\bf k},t)}{N|{\bf
+ u}({\bf k},t)|^{2}} \enspace \mbox{for all } {\bf k}\in{\cal
+ K}_0\\ {\bf f}({\bf k},t)&=&0 \enspace \mbox{for all } {\bf
+ k}\not\in{\cal K}_0 .
+ \end{eqnarray}
+\esub{11}%
+
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{re}
+ Re = \frac{L U}{\nu} = \frac{\epsilon L^2}{\left< E_0 \right>\nu} ,
+\end{equation}
+
+\begin{figure*}%f3
+\sidecaption
+\resizebox{10cm}{!}{\includegraphics{fig3.eps}}
+ \caption{Log-log-plot of the structure function
+ $\tilde{D}_{\ell}^{(2)}=\left<E_{\ell}\right>$ versus level number
+ for the small cascade. At large scales, where the influence of
+ dissipation is negligible, classical scaling is observed.
+ At small scales the
+ turbulent motion is damped by viscosity.
+ The Reynolds number is $Re = 4.2\cdot10^5$
+ }
+ \label{fig:scaling}
+\end{figure*}
+
+This leads to a
+stationary cascade whose statistical properties are governed by the
+complicated chaotic dynamics of the nonlinear mode interactions.
+Owing to energy conservation, viscous dissipation equals the energy
+input on average. The Reynolds number is given by
+since $T = \left<E_0\right> / \epsilon$ sets a typical turnover
+time scale of the energy on the highest level. We believe
+$T$ to be of particular relevance, since the large-scale fluctuations
+of the energy will turn out to be responsible for the intermittent
+behavior we are interested in. In \cite{grossmann94a}, for example,
+time is measured in units of $L^{2/3} \epsilon^{-1/3}$, which
+typically comes out to be 1/10th of the turnover time of the energy $T$.
+As we are going to see below, this is rather a measure
+of the turnover times of the individual Fourier modes.
+Figure \ref{fig:scaling} shows the scaling of the mean energy
+in a log-log plot at a Reynolds number of $4.2 \cdot 10^5$.
+The inertial range extends over three decades, where a power
+law very close to the prediction of classical scaling is seen.
+Below the 10th level the energies drop sharply due to viscous
+dissipation. In Sect.~3 we are going to turn
+our attention to the small corrections to 2/3-scaling, hardly
+visible in Fig.~\ref{fig:scaling}. Still, there are considerable
+fluctuations in this model, as evidenced by the plot of the energy
+transfer in Fig.~\ref{fig:scaling}. Typical excursions from the
+average, which is normalized to one, are quite large. Ultimately,
+these fluctuations are responsible for the intermittency
+corrections we are going to observe.
+
+\begin{figure}%f5
+\psfig{figure=fig5.eps,width=6.45cm}
+ \caption{Energy of a shell ($\ell=2$) as a function of time.
+ The rapid fluctuations come
+ from the motion of individual Fourier modes.
+ A much longer time scale is revealed by performing a
+ floating average over one turnover time of
+ the second level (bold line).
+ The time is given in units of $T = \left<E_{0}\right>/\epsilon$}
+ \label{fig:energy}
+\end{figure}
+
+Thus within the REWA-cascade we
+are able to numerically analyze the influence of fluctuations
+on the stationary statistical properties of a cascade with local energy
+transfer on the basis of the Navier-Stokes
+equation. In Fig.~\ref{fig:energy} we plot the time evolution
+of the energy on the second level of the cascade. One observes
+short-scale fluctuations, which result from the motion of individual
+Fourier modes within one cascade level. However, performing a floating
+average reveals a {\it second} time scale, which is of the same order as the
+turnover time of the top level. As we are going to see in
+Sect.~4, this disparity of time scales is even
+more pronounced on lower levels. The physics idea is the same as
+in the microscopic foundation of hydrodynamics,
+where conserved quantities are assumed to move on much slower time scales
+than individual particles.
+This motivates us to consider the energy as the only dynamical variable
+of each shell, and to represent the rapid fluctuations of
+Fig.~\ref{fig:energy} by a white-noise Langevin force. In this approximation
+we still hope to capture the rare, large-scale events characteristic
+of intermittent fluctuations, since the conserved
+quantity is the ``slow'' variable of the system. Similar ideas have also
+been advanced for the conservative dynamics of a non-equilibrium
+statistical mechanical system \cite{spohn}.
+
+\subsection{The Langevin-cascade}
+
+In this model we take a phenomenological view of the process of energy
+transfer. The chaotic dynamics of the REWA-cascade is modeled by a stochastic
+equation. We make sure to include the main physical features of
+energy conservation and local coupling. In particular,
+the dynamics is simple enough to allow for analytical insight into
+the effects of fluctuating energy transfer \cite{eggers94}.
+
+As in the REWA-cascade, the turbulent flow field is
+described by a sequence of eddies decaying successively
+(Fig.~\ref{fig:modelstructure}). The eddies at
+length scales $r\sim 2^{-\ell}L$ are represented by their energy
+$E_{\ell}(t)$.
+As before we restrict ourselves to local energy transfer,
+and thus the time evolution of the
+shell energies $E_{\ell}(t)$ is governed by
+(\ref{energyconservationlaw}). The crucial step is of course to choose
+an appropriate energy transfer $T_{\ell\rightarrow\ell+1}(t)$.
+For simplicity, we restrict ourselves to a Langevin process with a white
+noise force. Thus the local transfer $T_{\ell\rightarrow \ell+1}(t)$ is
+split into a deterministic and a stochastic part $T_{\ell\rightarrow
+ \ell+1}(t) = T_{\ell\rightarrow \ell+1}^{(det)}(t)+
+T_{\ell\rightarrow\ell+1}^{(stoch)}(t)$ where both
+parts should depend only on the local length scale $2^{-\ell}L$ and
+the neighboring energies $E_{\ell}$ and $E_{\ell+1}$. The most
+general form dimensionally consistent with this has been given in
+\cite{eggers94}. For simplicity, here we restrict ourselves to the specific
+form
+\bsub{13}
+ \begin{align}
+ \label{Letrans}
+ T_{\ell\rightarrow \ell+1}^{(det)}(t)&= D
+ \frac{2^{\ell}}{L}\left(E_{\ell}^{3/2}(t)-E_{\ell+1}^{3/2}(t)\right)
+ \label{Letransa}\\
+ T_{\ell\rightarrow \ell+1}^{(stoch)}(t)&= R
+ \left(\frac{2^{(\ell+1)}}{L}\right)^{1/2}
+ (E_{\ell}(t)E_{\ell+1}(t))^{5/8}
+ \xi_{\ell+1}(t)\label{Letransb}\\
+ T_{\ell}^{(in)}(t)&= \epsilon
+ \delta_{\ell 0} \label{Letransc}\\
+ T^{(diss)}_{\ell}(t) &=
+ -\nu(2^{-\ell}L)^{-2} E_{\ell} . \label{Letransd}
+ \end{align}
+\esub{13}%
+The white noise is represented by
+$\xi_{\ell}$, i.e. $\left<\xi_{\ell}(t)\right>=0$ and
+$\left<\xi_{\ell}(t)\xi_{\ell'}(t')\right>=2\delta_{\ell\ell'}\delta(t-t')$.
+We use Ito's \cite{gardiner83} definition in (\ref{Letransb}).
+To understand the dimensions appearing in (\ref{Letrans}), note
+that $u_{\ell} \sim E_{\ell}^{1/2}$ is a local velocity scale and
+$k \sim 2^{\ell}/L$ is a wavenumber. Thus (\ref{Letransa})
+dimensionally represents the energy transfer (\ref{FWta}).
+In (\ref{Letransb}) the powers are different, since $\xi$ carries
+an additional dimension of $1/\mbox{time}^{1/2}$.
+It follows from (\ref{Letransa}) that the sign of the deterministic
+energy transfer depends on which of the neighboring energies
+$E_{\ell}$ or $E_{\ell+1}$ are greater. If for example $E_{\ell}$
+is larger, $T^{(det)}_{\ell\rightarrow\ell+1}(t)$ is positive,
+depleting $E_{\ell}$ in favor of $E_{\ell+1}$. Hence the
+deterministic part tends to equilibrate the energy among the
+shells. The stochastic part, on the other hand, is symmetric with
+respect to the two levels $\ell$ and $\ell+1$. This reflects
+our expectation that in equilibrium it is equally probable for
+energy to be scattered up or down the cascade.
+
+The combined effect of (\ref{Letransa}) and (\ref{Letransb}) is
+that without driving, energies fluctuate around a common mean value.
+This equipartition of energy in equilibrium is precisely
+what has been predicted on the basis of the Navier-Stokes
+equation \cite{kraichnan73,orszag73}.
+The only free parameters appearing in the transfer are thus the
+amplitudes $D$ and $R$. If $R$ is put to zero, the motion is
+purely deterministic, and one obtains the simple solution
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{statenerg}
+ E_{\ell}^{(0)}=C 2^{-(2/3)\ell}\ \mbox{with}\
+ C=\left(\frac{2\epsilon L}{D}\right)^{2/3}.
+\end{equation}
+This corresponds to a classical Kolmogorov solution with no
+fluctuations in the transfer. The amplitude $D$ of the deterministic
+part is a measure of the effectiveness of energy transfer. On the other
+hand $R$ measures the size of fluctuations. In \cite{eggers94}
+it is shown that a finite $R$ necessarily leads to intermittency
+corrections in the exponents. In the next section we are going to
+determine the model parameters for the two REWA cascades we are
+considering.
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% acknowledgments %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{acknowledgement}
+We are grateful to R. Graham for useful discussions and to
+J. Krug for comments on the manuscript.
+This work is supported by the Sonderforschungsbereich 237 (Unordnung und
+grosse Fluktuationen).
+\end{acknowledgement}
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% bibliography %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{47}
+
+\bibitem{kolmogorov41} A.~N.~Kolmogorov,
+C.~R.~Akad.~Nauk~SSSR {\bf 30},~301 (1941);
+C.~R.~Akad.~Nauk~SSSR {\bf 31}, 538 (1941);
+C.~R.~Akad.~Nauk~SSSR {\bf 32}, 16 (1941)
+
+\bibitem{landau59} L.~D.~Landau and E.~M.~Lifshitz, {Fluid
+ Mechanics} (Pergamon, Oxford, 1959; third edition, 1984)
+
+\bibitem{kolmogorov62} A.~N.~Kolmogorov, J. Fluid Mech. {\bf 13},
+ 83 (1962)
+
+\bibitem{obukhov62} A.~M.~Obukhov, J. Fluid Mech. {\bf
+ 13}, 77 (1962)
+
+\bibitem{anselmet84} F.~Anselmet, Y.~Gagne, E.~J.~Hopfinger and R.~Antonia,
+J. Fluid Mech. {\bf 140}, 63 (1984)
+
+\bibitem{benzi93a} R.~Benzi, S.~Ciliberto, R.~Tripiccione, C.~Baudet,
+ F.~Massaioli and S.~Succi, Phys. Rev. E {\bf 48}, R29 (1993)
+
+\bibitem{benzi93b} R.~Benzi, S.~Ciliberto, C.~Baudet, G.~R.~Chavarria and
+ R.~Tripiccione, Europhys. Lett. {\bf 24}, 275 (1993)
+
+\bibitem{herweijer95} J.~Herweijer and W.~van~de~Water, Phys.
+ Rev. Lett. {\bf 74}, 4651 (1995)
+
+\bibitem{castaing90} B.~Castaing, Y.~Gagne and E.~J.~Hopfinger,
+ Physica D {\bf 46}, 177 (1990)
+
+\bibitem{nelkin89} M.~Nelkin, J. Stat. Phys. {\bf 54}, 1 (1989)
+
+\bibitem{douady91} S.~Douady, Y.~Couder, and M.~E.~Brachet,
+ Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 67}, 983 (1991)
+
+\bibitem{kida92} S.~Kida and K.~Ohkitany, Phys. Fluids A
+ {\bf 4}, 1018 (1992)
+
+\bibitem{moffatt94} H.~K.~Moffatt, S.~Kida, and K.~Ohkitany,
+ {J. Fluid Mech.} {\bf 259}, 241 (1994)
+
+\bibitem{jimenez93} J.~Jim\'{e}nez, A.~A.~Wray, P.~G.~Saffman, and
+ R.~S.~Rogallo, J. Fluid Mech. {\bf 255}, 65 (1993)
+
+\bibitem{she94} Z.-S.~She and E.~Leveque, Phys. Rev. Lett.
+ {\bf 72}, 336 (1994)
+
+\bibitem{lvov95} V.~L'vov and I.~Procaccia,
+ Phys. Rev. E {\bf 52}, 3840 (1995);
+ Phys. Rev. E {\bf 52}, 3858 (1995)
+
+\bibitem{eggers91a} J.~Eggers and S.~Grossmann, Phys. Fluids A
+ {\bf 3}, 1958 (1991)
+
+\bibitem{grossmann94a} S.~Grossmann and D.~Lohse, Phys. Fluids
+ {\bf 6}, 611 (1994)
+
+\bibitem{eggers92} J.~Eggers, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 46}, 1951 (1992)
+
+\bibitem{eggers94} J.~Eggers, Phys. Rev. E {\bf 50}, 285 (1994)
+
+\bibitem{domaradzki95} J.~A.~Domaradzki and W.~Liu, Phys. Fluids {\bf 7}, 2025 (1995)
+
+\bibitem{obukhov71} A.~M.~Obukhov, Atmos. Ocean. Phys.
+ {\bf 7}, 471 (1971)
+
+\bibitem{gledzer73} E.~B.~Gledzer, Sov. Phys. Dokl.
+ {\bf 18}, 216 (1973)
+
+\bibitem{yamada87} M.~Yamada and K.~Ohkitami, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
+ {\bf 56}, 4210 (1987)
+
+\bibitem{grossmann93} S.~Grossmann and D.~Lohse, Europhys. Lett. {\bf 21}, 201 (1993)
+
+\bibitem{glr96} S.~Grossmann, D.~Lohse, and A. Reeh,
+Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 77}, 5369 (1996)
+
+\bibitem{eggers91b} J.~Eggers and S.~Grossmann, Phys. Lett. A
+{\bf 156}, 444 (1991)
+
+\bibitem{farge92} M.~Farge, Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. {\bf 24},
+ 395 (1992)
+
+\bibitem{meneveau91} C.~Meneveau, J. Fluid Mech. {\bf 232},
+ 469 (1991)
+
+\bibitem{spohn} P.~L.~Garrido, J.~L.~Lebowitz, C.~Maes, and
+H.~Spohn, Physical Rev. A {\bf 42}, 1954 (1990)
+
+\bibitem{gardiner83} C.~W.~Gardiner, {Handbook of Stochastic Methods}
+(Springer, Berlin, 1983)
+
+\bibitem{kraichnan73} R.~H.~Kraichnan, J. Fluid Mech. {\bf 59}, 745 (1973)
+
+\bibitem{orszag73} S.~Orszag, ``Lectures on the Statistical
+ Theory of Turbulence'' in: {Fluid Dynamics 1973, Les
+ Houches Summer School of Theoretical Physics}, edited by R.~Balian and
+ J.~L.~Peube (Gordon and Breach, 1977)
+
+\bibitem{tennekes80} H.~Tennekes and J.~L.~Lumley, {A First Course in
+ Turbulence} (MIT Press, 6th ed., 1980)
+
+\bibitem{grossmann92} S.~Grossmann and D.~Lohse, Z. Phys. B {\bf 89}, 11 (1992)
+
+\bibitem{press92} W.~H.~Press, S.~A.~Teukolsky, W.~T.~Vetterling,
+ and B.~P.~Flannery, {Numerical Recipes} (Cambridge University
+ Press, 2nd edition, 1986)
+
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+
+\bibitem{yeung89} P.~K.~Yeung and S.~B.~Pope,
+J. Fluid Mech. {\bf 207}, 531 (1989)
+
+\bibitem{kraichnan74} R.~H.~Kraichnan, J. Fluid Mech. {\bf 62}, 305 (1974)
+
+\bibitem{uhlig96} C.~Uhlig and J.~Eggers, Z. Phys. B, to be published
+ (1997)
+
+\bibitem{majda90} A.~J.~Majda, SIAM Review {\bf 33}, 349 (1990)
+
+\bibitem{olla95} P.~Olla,
+Phys. Fluids {\bf 7}, 1598 (1995)
+
+\bibitem{uhlig94} C.~Uhlig and J.~Eggers, {unpublished
+ manuscript} (1994)
+
+\bibitem{Siggia77} E.~D.~Siggia, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 15}, 1730 (1977)
+
+
+\bibitem{jensen91} M.~H.~Jensen, G.~Paladin, and A.~Vulpiani,
+Phys. Rev. A {\bf 43}, 798 (1991)
+
+\bibitem{benzi95} R.~Benzi et al, Phys. Fluids {\bf 7}, 617 (1995)
+
+\bibitem{benzi93c} R.~Benzi, L.~Biferale, and G.~Parisi, Physica D {\bf 65}, 163 (1993)
+
+\end{thebibliography}
+\vspace*{4mm}
+\begin{biography}
+{Son Pham}
+is currently a professor of Computer
+Science, College of Engineering and Computer Science at the California
+State University at Northridge. His research interests include Computer
+Graphics and Software Engineering. He has published a dozen refereed
+academic/technical papers in Computer Science. He is a member of ACM.
+Pham received his BA in Mathematics from the University of Saigon,
+VietNam in 1973; MA in Mathematics from University of Louisville,
+Kentucky in 1975; Ph.D. in Statistics from the University of Cincinnati,
+Ohio in 1978; and PD in Computer Science from the University of
+California, Berkeley in 1980.
+\end{biography}
+\newpage
+\begin{biography}
+{Mel Slater}
+joined the Department of Computer Science,
+Queen Mary and Westfield College (University of London) in 1981. Since
+1982 he has been involved in teaching and research in computer graphics.
+He produced an early implementation of the GKS graphics standard, and
+was involved in the ISO graphics group, with responsibility for the
+PASCAL language binding to GKS. He co-authored an undergraduate textbook
+on computer graphics, which was published in 1987. He is a principal
+investigator in several funded research projects, in particular the
+European Community ESPRIT funded SPIRIT Workstation project, and a
+project on Virtual Reality with the London Parallel Applications Centre.
+He was visiting professor in the Computer Science Division of Electrical
+Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at Berkeley
+in the spring semesters 1991 and 1992.
+\end{biography}
+
+\begin{biography}{W. Kenneth Stewart} is an assistant scientist at the
+Deep Submergence Laboratory of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
+His research interests include underwater robotics, autonomous vehicles
+and smart ROVs, multisensor modeling, real-time acoustic and optical
+imaging, and precision underwater surveying. Stewart has been going to
+sea on oceanographic research vessels for 19 years, has developed
+acoustic sensors and remotely-operated vehicles for 6000-m depths, and
+has made several deep dives in manned submersibles, including a 4000-m
+excursion to the {\it USS Titanic} in 1986. He is a member of the Marine
+Technology Society, Oceanography Society, IEEE Computer Society, ACM
+SIGGRAPH, and NCGA. Stewart received a PhD in oceanographic engineering
+from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole
+Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in 1988, a BS in ocean
+engineering from Florida Atlantic University in 1982, and an AAS in
+marine technology from Cape Fear Technical Institute in 1972.
+\end{biography}
+
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c0cafff6fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Distributed Computing
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "Distributed Computing".
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ SVJour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ svdc.clo The class option file for Distributed Computing
+ dcguide.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ layout.* Example of an article (tex, dvi, ps [also in psoutput.zip])
+ figures.zip EPS files needed by the sample file
+ psoutput.zip PS files of the above mentioned DVIs,
+ compressed due to their size. The file layout.ps
+ contains a ready to print version that can be produced
+ at the publisher only when page numbers are fixed
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/svdc.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/svdc.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f8f394c32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/svdc.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION DC -- Distributed Computing
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svdc.clo}
+ [1997/08/01 v1.0
+ style option for Distributed Computing]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svdc.clo for Distributed Computing}
+\DeclareOption{leqno}{\input{leqno.clo}}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,twocolumn,10pt,fleqn}
+\let\if@mathematic\iffalse
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{10.5dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{15dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{39.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{640dd}
+%
+\def\dcrunnhead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>2
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \unhbox\titrun}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: The running head built automatically from
+ \string\author\space and \string\title
+ ^^Jexceeds the pagewidth, please supply a shorter form
+ ^^Jwith \string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@author}%
+}
+%
+\def\biography#1{\par\addvspace{21dd}\small\noindent
+{\bfseries#1\unskip\ }\ignorespaces}
+\def\endbiography{\par\addvspace{12pt}}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\def\abstractname{Summary\runinend}
+\let\if@runhead\iftrue
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\dcrunnhead
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\ignorespaces\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\rm}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-1pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\sectcounterend{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}
+\let\remark\relax
+\let\proof\relax
+\spnewtheorem*{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rm}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof\runinend}{\itshape}{\rm}
+\def\claimname{Claim}{\itshape}{\rm}
+\def\proofname{Proof}{\itshape}{\rm}
+\def\keywordname{{\bf Key words:}}
+\renewcommand\labelitemi{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\renewcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\renewcommand\labelitemiii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\renewcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+\journalname{Distributed Computing}}
+%%
+%% End of copy of file `svdc.clo'.
+\endinput
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/dc/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
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new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/guidedef.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/guidedef.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..00cf7daabc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/guidedef.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users
+guide:\\supplement for\\\textit{Decisions in Economics and Finance}}
+
+\author{\copyright~2000, Marco Li Calzi and Springer
+Verlag Heidelberg\\ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{4 January 2000}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
+
+This document describes the \textit{def} option for the \SJour\ \LaTeXe\
+document class. For details on manuscript handling and the review process
+we refer to the \emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal.
+For style matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can begin a document for
+\emph{Decisions in Economics and Finance} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[def]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{Users guide}.
+
+\section{Extra commands}
+
+There are only two additional commands:
+\begin{decl}
+|\subclassMath|\arg{classification}
+\end{decl}
+and
+\begin{decl}
+|\subclassEcon|\arg{classification}
+\end{decl}
+
+They are respectively needed to specify the \emph{Mathematics Subject
+Classification (2000)} and the \emph{Journal of Economic Literature
+Classification} at the end of the abstract. These commands are similar to
+|\keywords| and should appear as the last two commands inside the
+\emph{abstract} environment.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/readme.txt b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1e181e87d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+% readme.txt
+% LaTeX class for "Decisions in Economics and Finance"
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the journal
+"Decisions in Economics and Finance"
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ readme.txt This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf)
+ svdef.clo The class option file for Decisions in Economics and Finance
+ guidedef.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, pdf) for Decisions in Economics and Finance
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+Run the *.tex files with your normal LaTeX command to get
+the documentation for the package.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/svdef.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/svdef.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b1196c273
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/svdef.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION -- Decisions in Economics and Finance
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svDEF.clo}
+ [2000/02/04 v1.0 style option for DEF]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svdef.clo for DEF}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xipt{13pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+\def\subclassMname{{\it Mathematics Subject\/} Classification (2000): }
+\def\subclassMath#1{\par\addvspace\medskipamount\noindent\subclassMname\
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\def\subclassEname{{\it Journal of Economic Literature} Classification Number
+:\/ }
+\def\subclassEcon#1{\par\addvspace\medskipamount\noindent\subclassEname\
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\def\nothanksmarks{\def\thanks##1{\footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent##1}}}
+%
+\def\x@@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \nothanksmarks
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \nothanksmarks
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \normalsize\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\@maketitle=\x@@maketitle
+\def\betweenumberspace{0.5em }%
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\sectcounterend{.}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}%
+\journalname{Decisions in Economics and Finance}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svdef.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8905f16b61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Decisions in Economics and Finance
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[def,draft]{svjour}
+% Remove option [draft] for final version.
+% Use option [referee] for double-spaced file
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here\thanks{Footnote to Title}}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it
+here\thanks{Footnote to Subtitle}}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\fnmsep\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\subclassEcon{D81,C40}
+\subclassMath{91A30, 90B20}
+\end{abstract}
+
+\section{Introduction}\label{intro}
+
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+
+\section{Section title}\label{sec:1}
+
+or
+
+\subsection{Subsection title}\label{sec:2}
+
+as required. Don't forget to give each section and subsection a
+unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+
+Cite references as Author (year) rather than as \cite{RefJ}.
+
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+%\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+% \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+%}
+% If not, use
+\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author (year), \textit{Journal} \textbf{Volume,} page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author (year), \textit{Book title}, place: publisher, page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/def/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/epj.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/epj.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..76936caf1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/epj.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/epj.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/epj.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..43a0b267b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/epj.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..564db3b75c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for The European Physical Journal
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "The European Physical Journal"
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+ read.me This file
+ SVJour.cls Core document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* Main User's Guide (PDF and DVI)
+ svepj.clo Class option file for The European Physical Journal
+ epj.* User's Guide for The European Physical Journal (PDF and DVI)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+
+INSTALLATION
+
+Copy SVJour.cls and svepj.clo to a place where LaTeX can find them.
+
+
+GETTING STARTED
+
+You should first read the "Main User's Guide" to get an overview
+and then the "User's Guide for The European Physical Journal" for special
+instructions concerning this journal. Alternatively to reading the
+entire documentation, it is also possible to proceed by merely filling
+out the template and then looking up additional commands as needed.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/svepj.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/svepj.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e89103006a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/svepj.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION EPJ -- The European Physical Journal
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svepj.clo}
+ [1997/11/12 v1.1
+ style option for The European Physical Journal]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svepj.clo for The European Physical Journal}
+\DeclareOption{leqno}{\input{leqno.clo}}
+\let\if@nopacs\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{nopacs}{\let\if@nopacs\iftrue}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,twocolumn,10pt}
+\newif\if@normhead \@normheadtrue
+\def\hugehead{\@normheadfalse
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\relax
+\onecolumn
+\let\thanks=\footnote
+\long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent\bibindent
+ \columnwidth\textwidth
+ \advance\columnwidth -\columnsep
+ \divide\columnwidth\tw@
+ \hsize\columnwidth
+ \linewidth\columnwidth
+ \noindent\hbox to\parindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}##1}%
+}
+\let\if@mathematic\iffalse
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{10.5dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{15dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{180mm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{56pc}
+%
+\def\epj@maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted
+later}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{abstract}{Abstract is missing.}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \def\switch@fnmark{\def\thefootnote{\mathrm{\alph{footnote}}}}
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \if@normhead
+ \@thanks
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\vspace{\@tempdima}]
+ \addtocounter{page}{-1}
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \authorrunning{ }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\def\epj@@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \if@normhead
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ \fi
+ {\LARGE \sffamily\bfseries
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\LARGE\normalfont\itshape\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \authorfont
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\sffamily\bfseries
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \switch@fnmark
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\mathrm\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \protected@xdef\@thanks{\@thanks\protect\switch@fnmark}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \small\rm
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt
+ \leftskip=1.5cm\rightskip=\leftskip
+ \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \normalsize\it
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \vskip 12.85pt
+ {\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+ \def\pacsstart##1##2{##1\hskip5pt plus2ptminus2pt##2}%
+ \def\and##1##2{\unskip\ -- ##1\hskip5pt plus2ptminus2pt##2}%
+ \trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+ {\sffamily\bfseries\abstractname}]%
+ \leftskip=1.5cm\rightskip=\leftskip
+ \@abstract
+ \if@nopacs\else
+ \ch@ckobl{PACS}{{XX.XX.XX}{No PACS code given}}%
+ \@@PACS
+ \fi
+ \endtrivlist}%
+ \if@normhead
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \else
+ \typeout{\the\c@auth\space author names and}
+ \typeout{\the\c@inst\space institutes processed}
+ \global\@tempdima=\pagetotal
+ \global\advance\@tempdima by22.47pt
+ \fi
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\def\PACS#1{\gdef\@PACS{#1}}
+\def\@@PACS{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent{\sffamily\bfseries
+PACS.\enspace}\ignorespaces\expandafter\pacsstart\@PACS\par}
+%
+\def\epjabstract#1{\gdef\@abstract{#1}}
+%
+\def\epjrunnhead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>2
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \unhbox\titrun}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: The running head built automatically from
+ \string\author\space and \string\title
+ ^^Jexceeds the pagewidth, please supply a shorter form
+ ^^Jwith \string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@author}%
+}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{\let\ackname\@empty
+\let\if@runhead\iftrue
+\let\if@smartand\iftrue
+\let\@maketitle=\epj@@maketitle
+\let\maketitle=\epj@maketitle
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\epjrunnhead
+\let\abstract=\epjabstract
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\hfil}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\hfil\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\def\sectcounterend{}
+\setlength\columnsep{4mm}
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\large\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\sffamily}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-1pt}{\normalsize\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\authorfont{\rmfamily}
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}
+\def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathbf{#1}}}
+\journalname{EPJ}}
+%%
+%% End of copy of file `svepj.clo'.
+\endinput
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65bb19153d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for The European Physical Journal
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[epj,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\abstract{
+Insert your abstract here.
+%
+\PACS{
+ {PACS-key}{discribing text of that key} \and
+ {PACS-key}{discribing text of that key}
+ } % end of PACS codes
+} %end of abstract
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/epj/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/global.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/global.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2d0955c011
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/global.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/global.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/global.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a596cf97f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/global.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement
+for\\\textit{global use}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1998, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{24 April 1998}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{global} option for the \SJour\
+\LaTeXe\ document class. It is meant for journals (of one- or two-column
+style) that have not yet been supported via a particular class option.
+
+For details on manuscript handling and the review process we refer to
+the \emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal you are
+writing your article for. For style matters please consult also previous
+issues of ``your'' journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the Class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+Please make sure that no particular class option exists for your current
+project, take a good look at the announcing web page
+\[\verb|http://www.springer.de/author/tex/help-journals.html|\]
+
+If the journal is not listed there the specific package is not yet
+ready and you should begin your document with
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[global]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+This holds for a \emph{one-column} journal -- for a \emph{two-column}
+journal just add the option \verb|twocolumn| so that the documentclass
+command now reads
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[global,twocolumn]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{Users guide}.
+
+\section{Things to Note}
+
+There may be a slightly different layout for the journal you plan to
+create an article for and which is not taken care for by the
+\emph{global} option. This is not a great problem since all the articles
+are reprocessed anyway to include final page numbers, bibliographic
+information, and so on. The final layout is applied to your article
+during this process thus deriving benefit from the general use of
+\LaTeXe\ and the \SJour\ document class altogether.
+
+Since Springer-Verlag publishes over 400 different journals -- over 50
+thereof with \TeX\ -- it may take a while to produce a specific \TeX\
+macro package just for the one you are writing for at the moment. Please
+keep an eye on the web page mentioned above.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a6950894a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for an unspecific journal
+%
+% i.e. a journal which does not show up in the list of the following URL
+% http://www.springer.de/author/tex/help-journals.html
+%
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for an unspecific journal
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+ read.me This file
+ SVJour.cls Core document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* Main User's Guide (PDF and DVI)
+ svglobal.clo Global class option file for an unspecific journal
+ global.* User's Guide for startup (tex and DVI)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+
+INSTALLATION
+
+Copy SVJour.cls and svglobal.clo to a place where LaTeX can find them
+(usually a directory of the TEXINPUT path).
+
+
+GETTING STARTED
+
+You should first read the "Main User's Guide" to get an overview
+and then the "User's Guide for the Global Class Option" for startup
+instructions. Alternatively to reading the entire documentation, it is
+also possible to proceed by merely filling out the template and then
+looking up additional commands as needed.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/svglobal.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/svglobal.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae0a455325
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/svglobal.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION GLOBAL -- for unspecific journals
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one or two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svglobal.clo}
+ [1998/04/23 v1.0
+ style option for unspecific journals]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svglobal.clo for unspecific journals}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{12pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\if@twocolumn
+\setlength{\textwidth}{17.8cm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{640dd}
+\else
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+\fi
+%
+\def\subclassname{{\it Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):\/} }
+\def\subclass#1{\par\addvspace\medskipamount\noindent\subclassname\
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\def\hindent{\space\space\space\space\space\space\space\space\space\space
+\space\space\space\space\space\space\space\space\space\space\space\space}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\@ifundefined{@journalname}
+ {\typeout{Option global - hint: specify
+\string\journalname\string{%
+<name of your journal>\string}^^J\hindent in the preambel^^J}}{}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svglobal.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/global/template.tex
new file mode 100644
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+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for the global option of the SVJour class
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% First comes an example EPS file -- just ignore it and
+% proceed on the \documentclass line
+\begin{filecontents*}{example.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 19 19 221 221
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 29 1997
+%%Creator: programmed by hand (JK)
+%%EndComments
+gsave
+newpath
+ 20 20 moveto
+ 20 220 lineto
+ 220 220 lineto
+ 220 20 lineto
+closepath
+2 setlinewidth
+gsave
+ .4 setgray fill
+grestore
+stroke
+grestore
+\end{filecontents*}
+%
+% Choose either the first of the next two \documentclass lines for one
+% column journals or the second for two column journals.
+% Make sure that meanwhile no specific package for your very project has
+% appeared by viewing the web page
+% http://www.springer.de/author/tex/help-journals.html
+\documentclass[global,referee]{svjour}
+%\documentclass[global,twocolumn,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+% Insert the name of "your" journal with the command below:
+\journalname{myjournal}
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{example.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
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+\documentclass[granma]{svjour}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+%\input{totalin.grm}
+%\idline{Granular Matter 1, 1-6}{1}
+%
+\begin{document}
+\title{A Fast Model for the Simulation of Non-round Particles}
+\author{Alexander V. Potapov and Charles S. Campbell}
+\institute{Department of Mechanical Engineering \\
+University of Southern California \\
+Los Angeles, Ca. 90089-1453, USA}
+\date{}
+\maketitle
+
+\abstract{%
+This paper describes a new, computationally efficient model for the discrete
+element simulation of a certain class of non-round particles. The boundaries
+of the particles in this model are constructed from the circular segments of
+different radii in such a way that connections between these segments are
+continuous. As such, the model does not permit the simulation of arbitrarily
+shaped particles, but it does allow a wide enough variety of shapes to assess
+the effects of non-round shapes (in particular, particle interlocking) in an
+efficient maner. A direct test of the model's performance demonstrates that
+the model is much more efficient than other models for non-round particles
+currently available and is less than two times slower than models for the
+same number of round particles.}
+
+\section{Introduction}
+
+In recent years, soft particle discrete element simulations have pro\-ven to be
+a powerful tool for investigating the behavior of granular systems. All of
+these simulations (see the reviews in \cite{camp86,camp97}) follow individual
+particles as they move, rotate and interact with their neighbors. In a real
+granular system the forces generated when particles are in contact result in
+small changes in the particle shape, particularly around the points of
+contact. However, in the simulation, it is generally assumed for simplicity's
+sake, that individual particles do not change shape. Instead their surfaces
+are allowed to overlap slightly and, in an approximation of the true elastic
+response, generate a repulsive response which is a function of that overlap.
+Virtually any imaginable dependence of the contact force on the overlap may
+be incorporated into the model, e.g. simple linear elastic, Hertzian or some
+other.
+
+At present time, the majority of the soft particle discrete element
+simulations have been performed using round particles for both
+two-dimensional and three-dimensional systems \cite{camp86,camp97}. The
+round
+shape is very easy to simulate in the sense that every point on its surface
+can be determined simply by knowing the position of the center and its
+diameter; in particular, there is no dependence on the orientation of the
+particle. As a result, it is easy to determine the overlap between two
+particles simply as the distance between their centers minus the sum of their
+radii. Also, it reduces memory requirements as only the center position need
+be stored.
+
+However the use of round particles has several limitations. Near\-ly all
+natural particles are not round, a quality which is shared even by artificial
+particles that are intended to be round (e.g. commercial glass beads).
+Furthermore, non-round particle shape can create a vast difference in the
+mechanical behavior because they do not roll easily. For example, bulk
+materials composed of round particles have angles of repose that are much
+smaller than natural materials (see, for example \cite{posch93}). One
+solution to this problem is to not allow the particles to rotate at all, but
+instead interact only frictionally. Realistic angles of repose may be
+obtained using this technique, but it in no way clear that the resulting
+material accurately simulates all the effects of non-round particles. In
+particular, realistic particles may interlock with one another and produce
+behavior that cannot be approximated by a simple friction at the surface of
+round particles. Another technique is to introduce the special force term
+\cite{cund79} to account for the \ Coulomb's law behavior commonly
+associated with granular materials, but this moves the simulation even
+farther from real situation.
+
+The most natural solution for this problem is to use particles that are not
+round. Several such model have been proposed. In general they can be divided
+into two classes. In the first, an analytic representation of the shape of a
+particle is used for which it is possible to simplify the contact and overlap
+determinations. For example, algorithms have been developed for particles
+with elliptic (e.g. \cite{roth91,roth92,ting92,kohr93}) or superquadric (e.g.
+\cite{will89,must93}) shapes (the superquadric particle shape is described by the
+same equation as elliptic one with the only difference is that the
+degree is above two). Such particle can interlock like real materials,
+but they
+do not resemble natural materials. Also, aspect ratios for elliptical
+particles must be significantly different from unity in order to obtain
+realistic angles of repose, which may present other problems as the majority
+of natural granular materials have aspect ratios that are close to unity. \ \
+The second type of model assumes that the particles are in the shapes of
+arbitrary convex polygons \cite{hogue93,hop92,kohr95,till95,posch95}. (Such a
+model forms the basis
+of the fracture simulations presented in \cite{pota95a,pota95b,pota96a,pota96b}.) More
+realistic looking particles may be created in this manner, but at tremendous
+computational costs. Polygonal simulations can take up to an order of
+magnitude more computer time than their round counterparts. For analytically
+represented particle shapes, (elliptic or superquadric cases) the majority
+of the computer time is spent in iterative solutions of the non-linear
+equations used to calculate the particle overlap. In the polygonal
+simulations, the majority of the computer time is spent calculating
+intersections of the sides of contacting polygons which is a necessary part
+of the overlap determination.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\includegraphics[width=\hsize]{p1.ps}
+\caption{The picture of a typical oval. The
+boundary of this oval consists
+of four arches drawn around points $O_1$, $O_2$, $O_3$ and $O_4$, arches
+drawn around points $O_1$ and $O_3$ have the same radius and angles
+$\alpha_1$ and $\alpha_3$ are the same. The same is true about the arches
+drawn around points $O_2$ and $O_4$ and angles $\alpha_2$ and $\alpha_4$.
+Points $O_1$ and $O_3$ are situated in such a way that line connecting these
+points pass through the center of an oval, the same is true about the line
+connecting the points $O_2$ and $O_4$.}\label{fig1}
+\end{figure}
+
+
+\section{The Description of the Model}
+
+
+Here we propose a soft particle discrete element model for the simulation of
+non-round particles which exhibits a performance that is comparable to the
+performance of round particle models and is able to accommodate a much wider
+variety of shapes (and more realistic shapes) than the elliptic or
+superquadric models. The idea for this model was born from the way the
+ellipses are sometimes approximated in technical drawings; when appropriate
+elliptical templates are not available, an oval with the same aspect ratio is
+often used to approximate the ellipse. An oval is geometric figure whose
+boundary is determined by four circular arches of two different radii which
+are joined together in a continuous way (i.e. the first derivative is
+continuous between the arches) and thus can be drawn with compasses and other
+standard tools used to draw circles. However, it is possible to generate more
+complex shapes, many nearly polygonal in shape, from circular arches. At the
+same time, the determination of contact and overlap between two circular
+arches segments is nearly identical to the same procedures for circles. Thus
+a simulation of particles generated from circular arches will allow a variety
+of shapes to be studied at only a small computational cost beyond that of
+round particles.
+
+
+To illustrate this technique, consider the typical oval presented in
+Fig. \ref{fig1}.
+The boundary consists of four arches drawn around points $O_1$, $O_2$,
+$O_3$ and $O_4$. In a classical oval, the arches drawn around points $O_1$
+and $O_3$ have the same radius (we shall call this radius ``large'') and the
+angles $\alpha_1$ and $\alpha_3$ are identical. The same is true about the
+arches drawn around points $O_2$ and $O_4$ (we shall call this radius
+``small'') and the angles $\alpha_2$ and $\alpha_4$. Points $O_1$ and $O_3$
+are situated in such a way that line connecting these points passes through
+the center of an oval, as does the line connecting the points $O_2$ and $O_4$.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\includegraphics[width=\hsize]{p2.ps}
+\caption{This picture illustrates the procedure of the calculation of the
+contact parameters between a pair of ovals. After the contacting arches are
+determined (arches corresponding to angles $\alpha_1$ and $\alpha_2$), the
+calculation of the contact parameters can be carried out in the same way as
+it is done for the round particles.}\label{fig2}
+\end{figure}
+
+Now suppose that we have a granular medium consisting of oval shaped
+particles which will be simulated using an otherwise standard soft-particle
+discrete element model. To do this, we must at every time step find the
+particles which are overlapping, calculate the distance of this overlap and
+determine the center of this overlap in order to know the point at which
+contact forces are to be applied to the contacting particles. Let us suppose
+that we have a contact between two ovals as is shown in Fig. \ref{fig2}.
+Any possible
+contact must occur between the arch of one oval and the arch of the other
+oval. This type of contact can be treated in the same way as the contact of
+the two circular particles. Thus the overlap distance is simply the sum of
+the two radii of the contacting arches minus distance between the points
+around which these arches are drawn (i.e. distance between the points $O_1$
+and $O_2$ in Figure \ref{fig2}). The center of the overlap lies in the
+line connecting
+$O_1$ and $O_2$ \ midway between the points of intersection of this line and
+the two arches (point $C$ in the Figure \ref{fig2}).
+
+Compared to the case of round particles, the only additional operation which
+is required here is to determine which of the arches may be involved in the
+contact. This can be carried out in very simple and effective way. Note that
+two ovals can have the contact along a pair of arches if and only if the line
+connecting the points around which these arches are drawn lies within the
+limits of the angle of both arches (in Figure \ref{fig2} this requires
+determining
+that the \ line $O_1O_2$ lies between angles $\alpha_1$ and $\alpha_2$). This
+is easy to check by calculating the dot products of the unit vector
+connecting the points around which the arches are drawn with unit vectors of
+the bisectors of the angles of the arches. Plus, the dot product of the
+vector connecting the centers of gravity of the ovals and the vector
+connecting the points around which the arches are drawn should be calculated
+to ensure, by its sign, that the potential contacting arches are oriented
+towards rather than away from each other. The calculation of these three dot
+products is an additional computational step with respect to the case of the
+round particles. However, it is not necessary to perform all three
+calculations at each time step. Since the particles do not drastically change
+their orientation during a single time step, in the vast majority of cases,
+it will only be necessary to check at each time step whether the same two
+arches remain in contact. This means the calculation of only the first two
+dot products, which is rather fast and straightforward procedure. Also, it is
+quite likely that any two arches that are in contact, were in contact during
+the previous time step. Consequently, much computer time can be saved by
+simply verifying that the contact continues on subsequent time steps. The
+calculation of the contacts of the ovals with the straight boundary walls is
+performed in much the same way. \enlargethispage{3pt}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\includegraphics[width=\hsize]{p3.ps}
+\caption{Examples of the construction of the particles out of the
+arches continuously joined to each other (the first derivative is the
+same on the both sides of the arch to arch transition point): (a)
+approximation of a triangle, (b) approximation of a square, (c)
+approximation of a pentagon and (d) approximation of a heptagon.}\label{fig3}
+\end{figure}
+
+The model described above is easily extended beyond the case of ovals. Ovals,
+like ellipses, have the disadvantage of requiring relatively large aspect
+ratios to obtain realistic values of the angles of repose. Much more
+complex particles may be constructed in the same way the ovals are
+constructed. If the boundary of a particle consists of any number of arches
+which are continuously connected together, one can see that the algorithm for
+determining contact as described above still holds true. Some examples of
+this sort of particles are presented in Fig. \ref{fig3}. For these
+particles, a large
+radius is used to construct the ``sides'' of the particles and a smaller
+radius is used to connected them smoothly together at the ``vertices.''
+Clearly, one can easily construct an approximation to a triangle, square,
+pentagon and so on, and one can get very close to an actual polygonal shape
+as one wishes by making the corresponding radius of curvature of the arches
+that form the sides very large and those that form the corners, very small.
+(This process is limited only by roundoff errors in the determination of the
+overlap. I.e. as the overlap is computed by taking differences, high accuracy
+requires that its magnitude be large enough relative to the radius to be
+represented by several number significant digits in its floating point
+representation within the computer.) If these particles are constructed of
+the arches with only two values of radii as it was done for the oval and all
+of the shapes in Fig. \ref{fig3}, no additional memory (beyond that
+required for an
+oval) need be used for the storage of the information about position and
+orientation of the particles.
+
+One additional advantage and one additional disadvantage of the model
+proposed here should be mentioned. The advantage is that this model has a
+fixed value of the radius of curvature at every point of the surface of the
+particles that is bounded by continuously joined arches. This makes it
+possible to use the Hertzian contact model (which describes the contact
+between particles with arbitrary, but finite and non-zero, radii of
+curvature) without any additional assumptions - which would be a questionable
+for the case of the angular particles. The disadvantage of the model is that
+for the moment we can not see its simple three-dimensional implementation.
+
+
+\section{Demonstration of the Performance of the Mo\-del}
+
+It is clear from the material presented above that the performance of the
+proposed model should be only marginally worse than a round particle model as
+only a few additional calculations are required. A direct test of this fact
+is described in the following.
+
+For the test, we have chosen the problem of settling the particles into a
+rectangular box under the influence of the gravity. In the first case, the
+particles are round, in the second case, the particles are the same number of
+quasi-triangles (Figure 3a), in the third case the particles are
+quasi-squares (Figure 3b), in the forth case, particles are of superquadric
+shape with superquadric degree 3.0 which are simulated by the technique
+described in \cite{must93} and finally, in the fifth case
+particles are
+square and simulated by the algorithm described in \cite{hop92}.
+Linear spring contact laws are assumed for all cases except for the case of
+square particles for which the normal contact force was based on the area of
+overlap (see \cite{hop92}). The geometry of the boundary walls,
+the
+particle masses, particle densities, the time step and the coefficient of the
+restitution of the particles were the same in all cases. The models were run
+on the same Sparcstation 20 computer (75 MHZ processor), for the same period
+of simulation time (4.69$\cdot 10^4$ time steps), and the amount of CPU time
+expended was determined and compared. The same contact search routine for
+near neighbors \cite{hop92} was used in all simulations.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\includegraphics[width=\hsize]{p4.ps}
+\caption{Results of the simulation of gravity settling round particles.
+This simulation has been performed in order to compare the efficiencies of
+the models. (a) Initial positions of the particles; (b) positions of the
+particles at the end of the simulation.}\label{fig4}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}[!t]
+\includegraphics[width=\hsize]{p5.ps}
+\caption{Results of the simulation of the gravity settling of the
+quasi-triangular particles in a rectangular box. It was performed for the
+same particle mass, same time stepand same time elapsed in the system (same
+number of time steps) as the simulation for round particles presented on
+Figure 4. (a) Initial positions of the particles; (b) positions of the
+particles at the end of the simulation.}\label{fig5}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}[!t]
+\includegraphics*[height=7.3cm,bb=118 219 494 572,angle=-90]{p6.ps}
+\caption{Same as Figure 5, but for quasi-square particles}\label{fig6}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}[!t]
+\includegraphics[width=\hsize]{p7.ps}
+\caption{Results of the simulation of gravity settling of the same number of
+superquadric particles \cite{will89} as on Figure 4. It was
+performed
+for the same particle mass, same time step and same time elapsed in the
+system (same number of time steps) as the simulation for round particles
+presented on Figure 4. \ (a) Initial positions of the particles; (b)
+positions of the particles at the end of the simulation}\label{fig7}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}[!t]
+\includegraphics*[height=7.1cm,bb=118 219 494 572,angle=-90]{p8.ps}
+\caption{Results of the simulation of gravity settling of the same number of
+square particles as on Figure 4. It was performed for the same particle mass,
+same time step and same time elapsed in the system (same number of time
+steps) as the simulation for non-round particles presented on Figure 4. (a)
+Initial positions of the particles; (b) positions of the particles at the end
+of the simulation.
+}\label{fig8}
+\end{figure}
+
+The initial positions of the particles are presented in Figure
+\ref{fig4}a for the
+case of round particles, in Figure \ref{fig5}a for the case of
+quasi-triangular
+particles, in Figure \ref{fig6}a for quasi-square particles, in Figure
+\ref{fig7}a for the
+superquadric particles and in Figure \ref{fig8}a for square particles.
+Figures
+\ref{fig4}b,
+\ref{fig5}b and \ref{fig6}b, \ref{fig7}b and \ref{fig8}b depict the
+final positions of the particles for these five cases.
+
+\begin{table}
+\caption{CPU time spent on SPARC-20 for performimg of $4.69
+\cdot
+10^4$ time steps}\label{tab1}
+\begin{tabular}[t]{|l|l|}
+\hline
+Particle shape&CPU$\,$time (seconds)\\
+\hline
+Round &29\\
+\hline
+Quasi-triangle&48\\
+\hline
+Quasi-square&51\\
+\hline
+Superquadric&347\\
+\hline
+Square&114\\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}%
+\end{table}
+
+The results of the simulation of these cases on a SPARC-20 workstation are
+presented in Table \ref{tab1}. These results show the CPU difference of
+about
+66\%
+between the case of round particles and case of the quasi-triangular
+particles composed of arches. The case of quasi-square particles is just 4\%
+slower than the case of quasi-triangular particles, this time difference is
+due to slightly longer procedure of the determination of contacting arches
+for quasi-square particles than for quasi-triangular particles due to larger
+number of arches. The case of superquadric particles was more than one
+order of magnitude slower than the case of round particles. (It is hard to do
+exact performance comparisons for this case since the procedure is
+iterational and ``exact'' solution is never reached. We used four iterations
+per time step here, different number of iterations may produce different
+results.) Finally, the model with square particles was almost four times
+slower than the model for round particles and thus more than two times slower
+that the model proposed in this paper. Thus, the model presented here easily
+outperforms every other model for non-round particles available at the
+present time.
+
+
+\section{Conclusions}
+
+In this paper, a model has been proposed for a soft-particle discrete element
+simulation of the motion of non-round particles. This model is based on the
+construction of a particle boundary out of a set of arches which are
+connected to each other so that the first derivative at the point of
+transition from one arch to another is the same from both sides. The model
+allows us to vary considerably the degree of roughness of a particle surface,
+and it performs approximately 60\% slower than a model for the round
+particles, thus easily outperforming any other model currently available for
+non-round particles.
+
+The model is capable of efficiently simulating nearly polygonal particles.
+The main use of this type of simulation is not necessarily to simulate the
+actual shapes of the particles in naturally occurring materials, but to
+provide a way of adding the effects of non-round shapes (in particular,
+particle interlocking) into existing simulations.
+
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{19}
+\bibitem{camp86} Campbell, C.S., Computer simulation of rapid granular
+flows, Proc. 10$^{th}$ US National Congress of Applied Mechanics, Austin
+Texas, June 1986, ASME, New York, p.327-338.
+
+\bibitem{camp97} Campbell, C.S., Computer simulation of powder flows, to
+appear in Powder Techology Handbook, Second Edition. (Gotoh et al. eds)
+Dekker, New York, 1997, 777-793.
+
+\bibitem{posch93} Poschel, T. \& Buchholtz, V., Static
+Friction Phenomena in
+Granular Materials: Coulomb Law versus Particle Geometry, Physical Review
+Letters 71 (1993), p. 3963-3966.
+
+\bibitem{cund79} Cundall, P.A. \& Strack, O.D.L., A discrete numerical model
+for granular assemblies, Geotechnique 29 (1979), p.47-65.
+
+\bibitem{roth91} Rothenberg, L. \& Bathurst, R.J., Numerical Simulation of
+Idealized Granular Assemblies with Plane Elliptical Particles, Computers and
+Geotechnics 11 (1991), p.315-329.
+
+\bibitem{roth92} Rothenburg, L. \& Bathurst, R.J., Micromechanical features
+of granular assemblies with plane elliptical particles, Geotechnique 1
+(1992), p.79-95.
+
+\bibitem{ting92} Ting, J.M., A robust algorithm for ellipse-based discrete
+element modeling of granular materials, Computers and Geotechnics 13 (1992),
+p.175-186.
+
+\bibitem{kohr93} Kohring, G.A., Computer simulations of
+sintering via granular dynamics, Physica A 195 (1993), p.1-11.
+
+\bibitem{will89} Williams, J.R. \& Pentland, A.P., Superquadric and Modal
+Dynamics for Discrete Elements in Concurrent Design, Proc. $1^{st}$ US
+Conference on Discrete Element Methods, Golden Colorado, October 1989, (Eds.
+Mustoe, G.G.W., Henriksen, M. \& Huttelmaier, H.P.)
+
+\bibitem{must93} Mustoe, G.G.W. \& DePooter, G., A numerical model for the
+mechanical behavior of particulate media containing non-circular shaped
+particles, Powders and Grains 93, 1993, (Ed. Thornton, C.) Balkena,
+Rotterdam, p.421-427.
+
+\bibitem{hogue93} Hogue, C. \& Newland, D.E., Efficient
+computer modeling of
+the motion of arbitrary grains, Powders and Grains 93, 1993, (Ed. Thornton,
+C.) Balkena, Rotterdam, p.413-419.
+
+\bibitem{hop92} Hopkins, M.A., The Numerical Simulation of Systems of
+Multitudinous Polygonal Blocks, US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering
+Laboratory, USACRREL Report CR 99-22, 1992.
+
+\bibitem{kohr95} Kohring, G.A., Melin, S., Puhl, H.,
+Tillemans, H.J.,
+Vermohlen, W., Computer simulations of critical, non-stationary granular flow
+through a hopper, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 124
+(1995), p.273-281.
+
+\bibitem{till95} Tillemans, H.J. \& Herrmann, H.J., Simulating deformations
+of granular solids under shear, Physica A 217 (1995), p.261-288.
+\newpage
+
+\bibitem{posch95} Poschel, T. \& Buchholtz, V., Molecular Dynamics of
+Arbitrarily Shaped Granular Particles, Journal de Physique I 5 (1995),
+p.1431-1455.
+
+\bibitem{pota95a} Potapov, A.V., Hopkins, M.A. \& Campbell, C.S., A
+Two-dimensional Dynamic Simulation of Solid Fracture.
+Part I: Description of the Model, International Journal of Modern
+Physics C 6 (1995), p.371-398.
+
+\bibitem{pota95b} Potapov, A.V., Campbell, C.S. \& Hopkins, M.A., A
+Two-dimensional Dynamic Simulation of Solid Fracture. Part II: Examples,
+International Journal of Modern Physics C 6 (1995), p.399-425.
+
+\bibitem{pota96a} Potapov, A.V. \& Campbell, C.S., A Hybrid
+Finite-element
+simulation of Solid Fracture, International Journal of Modern Phy\-sics C 7
+(1996), p.155-180.
+
+\bibitem{pota96b} Potapov, A.V. \& Campbell, C.S., A Three-dimensional
+Dynamic Simulation of Solid Fracture, International Journal of Modern Physics
+C 7 (1996), p.717-730.
+
+\end{thebibliography}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/grmguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/grmguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f48bec2ea8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/grmguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/grmguide.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/grmguide.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..91955c1fc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/grmguide.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\makeatletter
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
+\renewenvironment{decl}[1][]%
+ {\par\small\addvspace{2.3ex}%
+ \vskip -\parskip
+ \ifx\relax#1\relax
+ \def\@decl@date{}%
+ \else
+ \def\@decl@date{\NEWfeature{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\hspace{-\leftmargini}%
+ \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\ignorespaces}%
+ {\\\hline\end{tabular}\nobreak\@decl@date\par\nobreak
+ \vspace{2.3ex plus 1ex}\vskip -\parskip}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+%
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parskip 0\p@ \@plus 1\p@
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \topsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@\relax}
+\@listI
+\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount}
+\makeatother
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement for\\
+\textit{Granular Matter}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1997, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{8 December 1997}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{granma} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Granular Matter} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[granma]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described in
+the main \emph{User guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class standard}
+
+As the address of the author appears as a footnote on the first page
+of your article and the author name is also repeated there the
+construction with \verb|\and| does not work. Hence do not use the
+\verb|\and| command in the \verb|\author{...}| as well as in the
+\verb|\institute{...}| field. Same holds for the \verb|\inst| command
+of the author field.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6122aff5fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Granular Matter
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for "Granular Matter"
+
+For a quick entry to the Granular Matter-formatting and if you are
+already familiar with the SVJour class you need only the three files:
+svjour.cls, svgranma.clo, and template.tex.
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ svgranma.clo The class option file for Granular Matter
+ grmguide.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+ subdirectory: example (contains all data of a sample article)
+
+ example.* Example of an article (tex, dvi, ps [also in psoutput.zip])
+ figures.zip PS files needed by the sample file
+ psoutput.zip PS files of the above mentioned DVIs,
+ compressed due to their size. The file example.ps
+ contains a ready to print version that can be produced
+ at the publisher only, when page numbers are fixed
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/svgranma.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/svgranma.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1c480e68c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/svgranma.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION GRANMA -- Granular Matters
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svgranma.clo}
+ [1997/12/09 v1.0
+ style option for Granular Matters]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svgranma.clo for Granular Matters}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,fleqn,twocolumn,10pt}
+\let\if@mathematic\iffalse
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{10.5dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{15dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{180mm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{244mm}
+%
+\def\granma@maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted
+later}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}##1\vrule height0pt
+ width0pt depth8pt}
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \if!\@date!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent{\itshape
+ \ignorespaces\@date}}%
+ \fi
+ {\def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\unskip}\def\inst##1{\unskip}%
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent
+ \ignorespaces\@author}\vspace{5dd}%
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent
+ \ignorespaces\@institute}\vspace{5dd}}%
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\def\granma@@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\LARGE \sffamily\bfseries
+ \hrule\@height 4mm\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\LARGE\normalfont\itshape\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \authorfont
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\sffamily\bfseries
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \normalsize\it
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{\let\ackname\@empty
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\let\@maketitle=\granma@@maketitle
+\let\maketitle=\granma@maketitle
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\hfil}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\hfil\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\def\sectcounterend{}
+\setlength\columnsep{4mm}
+\setlength\headerboxheight{116.80pt}
+%
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\noindent#1\par\penalty\@M\noindent}
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{3\p@}%d plus 4pt
+% minus4pt}{\large\sffamily\bfseries}}
+ {\normalsize\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{3\p@}%{10.5dd plus 4pt
+% minus4pt}{\large\sffamily\bfseries}}
+ {\normalsize\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{3\p@}%{10.5dd plus 4pt
+% minus4pt}{\large\sffamily\bfseries}}
+ {\normalsize\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-1pt}{\normalsize\rmfamily\bfseries}}
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+\renewcommand\abstractname{Abstract}
+\journalname{GRANMA}}
+%%
+%% End of copy of file `svgranma.clo'.
+\endinput
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09b15c0c2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/granma/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Granular Matter
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[granma,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author and Second author% etc
+% The present address - made with \thanks - is optional,
+% remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\hsize}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
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+\documentclass[ijdar]{svjour}
+\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage[fleqn]{amsmath}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\makeatletter
+\@mathmargin\z@
+\parskip=0pt
+\makeatother
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\def\bsub#1{\def\theequation{#1\alph{equation}}\setcounter{equation}{0}}
+\def\esub#1{\def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}\setcounter{equation}{#1}}
+
+
+\def\subsubsection#1{\paragraph{\it #1}}
+
+\title{Automatic reading of cursive scripts using a reading model\\ and
+perceptual concepts}
+
+\subtitle{The PERCEPTO system}
+
+\author{M. C\^{o}t\'{e}\inst{1,2,3}\fnmsep\thanks{Presently at
+INO, 369, rue Franquet, Ste-Foy,
+Qu\'{e}bec G1P 4N8, Canada; \email{mcote\char64ino.qc.ca}}
+\and
+E. Lecolinet\inst{1} \and M. Cheriet\inst{2} \and C.Y. Suen\inst{3}}
+
+\mail{M. C\^{o}t\'{e}}
+
+\institute{ENST, SIG / CNRS URA 820, 46 rue Barrault, F-75634 Paris
+Cedex
+13, France \and E.T.S, Universit\'{e} du Qu\'{e}bec, 1100 rue
+Notre-Dame Ouest, Montr\'{e}al, Qu\'{e}bec H3C 1K3, Canada \and
+CENPARMI, Concordia University, Suite GM-606, 1455 de Maisonneuve Ouest,
+Montr\'eal, Qu\'{e}bec H3G 1M8, Canada }
+
+%\thanks{Dr C\^ot\'e was at ENST when the paper was submitted. She is
+%presently at the National Optics Institute, 369, rue Franquet, Ste-Foy,
+%Qu\'ebec, G1P 4N8, Canada $\mbox{(e-mail: mcote@ino.qc.ca)}$.}
+
+\date{Received June 29, 1997 / Revised August 13, 1997}
+
+
+\maketitle
+
+\begin{abstract} This paper presents a model for reading cursive scripts
+which has an architecture inspired by the behavior of human reading and
+perceptual concepts. The scope of this study is limited to offline
+recognition of isolated cursive words. First, this paper describes
+McClelland and Rumelhart's reading model, which formed the basis of the
+system. The method's behavior is presented, followed by the main
+original contributions of our model which are: the development of a new
+technique for baseline extraction, an architecture based on the chosen
+reading model (hierarchical, parallel, with local representation and
+interactive activation mechanism), the use of significant perceptual
+features in word recognition such as ascenders and descenders, the
+creation of a fuzzy position concept dealing with the uncertainty of the
+location of features and letters, and the adaptability of the model to
+words of different lengths and languages. After a description of our
+model, new results are presented.
+
+\keywords{Offline recognition -- Cursive script recognition --
+Perception -- Reading model -- Activation}
+\end{abstract}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Texte %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+%derniere version envoyee
+
+
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+
+The advent of the computer has deeply modified our way of interacting
+with our environment. Even though this machine is able to perform
+complex calculations and often exceeds human capacity, it remains
+limited in many other aspects. In fact, communication with a computer
+through a keyboard is not very natural, and requires much discipline.
+Unfortunately, even after 30 years of intensive research in this domain,
+a complete solution to the automatic reading of cursive script has not
+yet been found. On the other hand, handwriting recognition can play an
+important role in future reading systems (Bartneck 1996), and
+consequently it is a worthy and challenging area of further
+investigation and research.
+
+Since humans are able to read handwritten texts with apparent ease, it
+may seem appropriate to base an automatic handwriting reader on human
+reading models. What features are detected while reading? How do humans
+access information concerning the meaning of a word? Does perception of
+a word build up from the perception of its letters, or by its shapes?
+For many years, researchers in the fields of biology, neurophysiology,
+cognitive psychology, and linguistics have studied these questions
+(Taylor and Taylor 1983), and various reading models have resulted from
+their investigations. Even though these models are still in progress,
+and many theories defending different ideas are being debated, we
+believe that we can benefit from their observations for the offline
+recognition of isolated cursive words. In fact, we consider that
+features detected while reading play a key role in determining good
+features for the recognition. Also, we assume that the problem of mental
+lexical access can influence the architecture to implement the method.
+
+Though models have been proposed to explain the process of mental
+lexicon access while reading, they\break
+mostly rely on printed texts. Few
+studies have been conducted on the mechanisms involved in the reading of
+handwriting. In (De Zuniga et al. 1991), the authors conclude that even
+though the reading of handwritten words differs from printed words at
+first glance, once cursive normalization has taken place, handwritten
+and printed words (in lowercase letters) seem to be subject to similar
+processes. For example, experimental studies suggest that people use
+word shape to help them recognize words, and this can be useful too in
+handwriting recognition since the overall shape of a handwritten word
+follows the same sequence of tall (ascenders: ``l'', ``t''), short
+(``o'', ``r'', ``a''), and projecting letters (descenders: ``p'', ``j'')
+as the shape of the word printed in lowercase. Thus, it seems that the
+underlying concepts of reading models can be adapted to the recognition
+of \mbox{cursive scripts}.
+
+Dealing with offline cursive scripts does not simplify this adaptation;
+because cursive writing is fundamentally prone to ambiguity, offline
+cursive script recognition constitutes a complex problem. Often, letters
+in the words are poorly written if not missing. Consequently, perfect
+letter segmentation is impossible, and letter position is not known
+precisely. This paper presents a new method based on a human reading
+model, influenced by the work of McClelland and Rumelhart in perception.
+The scope of this study is limited to the offline recognition of
+isolated cursive words. Our model, already described in (C\^ot\'e et
+al. 1995; C\^ot\'e et al. 1996b; C\^ot\'e et al. 1997), shares the
+following characteristics with that proposed by McClelland and Rumelhart
+(McClelland and Rumelhart 1981): network with local representation,
+parallel processing, and activation mechanism (top-down and bottom-up
+processes).
+
+%Revenir la-dessus
+
+The organization of the paper is as follows: Sect.~\ref{SECCONTEXT}
+briefly talks about contextual analysis methods, Sect.~\ref{SECNN}
+introduces knowledge representation in neural networks,
+Sect.~\ref{PWORK} explains why McClelland and Rumelhart's reading
+model was chosen as the foundation of our system, and
+Sect.~\ref{METHOD} describes our method. New results and
+interpretations are included in Sect.~\ref{RESULTS}, followed by
+discussions and concluding remarks.
+
+\section{Contextual analysis}
+\label{SECCONTEXT}
+
+Cursive script recognition requires contextual analysis due to its large
+variability. There are two main types of contextual analysis: left-right
+methods and top-down methods.
+
+In the left-right methods, the contextual analysis is done essentially
+by dynamic programming, editing distance or by HMM (Chen and Kundu
+1993). All the possible combinations of segmentations are computed in
+order to find the best combination.
+
+In the top-down methods, the parallel information processing is favored
+and relies on hypothesis generation and validation. Methods using a
+global strategy are generally of this type (Houle 1993). On the
+contrary, methods using an analytical strategy of segmentation are
+usually considered as bottom-up methods (Favata and Srihari l992).
+
+New methods are now combining top-down and bot\-tom-up strategies in
+order to build more flexible segmentation techniques (implicit
+analytical segmentation methods) as in (Bozinovic 1989).
+
+Regarding the way we integrate contextual information into the
+recognition process, we chose an approach which better fulfils the
+research results in psychology.
+
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item According to Taylor and Taylor (1993, p. 194):
+
+\medskip
+
+\begin{quote}
+{\it To recognize handwriting one needs no more than letter features
+in roughly the right places...}
+\end{quote}
+
+\medskip \noindent
+Hence, contextual analysis mainly allows us to benefit from an important
+redundancy of information. Consequently, the recognition of all the
+letters of a word is not necessary to identify it.
+
+\item They also mention that the reading of a word is not
+performed from the left to the right but outside-in.
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+\noindent This is why unlike HMM techniques, our method of
+contextual analysis is not left-right. It combines bottom-up and
+top-down approaches together using hypothesis generation and
+validation.
+
+\section{Knowledge representation in neural networks}
+\label{SECNN}
+
+The connectionist approach occupies an important place in pattern
+recognition. Several types of neural networks exist, which can be
+divided into different categories.\break
+More generally speaking there are two
+kinds of systems: {\it black-box} systems and {\it transparent} systems.
+The working mode of the latter are fully explainable while the working
+mode of the former is totally opaque. One characteristic that we would
+like to highlight is the way information is coded in the network.
+According to this point of view, there are two types of networks
+(Jodouin 1994): those with local representation, and with distributed
+representation.
+
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item networks with local representation
+
+In this type of network, each cell or neuron corresponds to a specific
+concept. When the neuron detects the presence of this concept it is
+active, otherwise it is inactive. This coding is used in networks with
+no learning phase because it is relatively easy to establish the
+connections between neurons according to the interpretation that we want
+to give them. In the example shown in Fig.~\ref{FIGLOCAL}, if we
+present `sun' as input, the output of the network will always be `day',
+because we have linked the concept `sun' to the concept `day'.
+
+\begin{figure}%f1
+\includegraphics[width=6cm]{ijdar003.f1}%{netlocal.ps}
+\caption{Network with local representation}
+\label{FIGLOCAL}
+\end{figure}
+
+This local coding is simple and very useful when the number of data to
+be represented is small, and when the data can be described with simple
+relations. The behavior of this type of network can be explained step by
+step. It thus falls into the category of ``transparent''
+systems.\eject
+
+\item networks with distributed representation
+
+In this type of network, a concept is distributed over several neurons.
+A code is associated with each concept. This code has no meaning in
+itself, and cannot be directly explained as for local representation
+networks. This is why this type of network has been compared to a
+``black box''.
+
+From several examples, the network develops an internal representation:
+it learns configurations or\break
+codes specific to each concept. The example
+in Fig.~\ref{FIGDIST} shows the distributed version of the preceding
+example. The network learns to answer `day' when we present `sun' as
+input. It then represents the concept `day' with the following
+distributed code: black, white, white, black.
+
+\begin{figure}%f2
+\includegraphics[width=8cm]{ijdar003.f2}%{netdistJ.ps}
+\caption{Network with distributed representation}
+\label{FIGDIST}
+\end{figure}
+
+At present, most of the networks used for pattern recognition are
+distributed ones. However, this type of network demands an intensive and
+time-consuming learning phase. It also needs a large data base.
+Moreover, it is difficult to explain the behavior of these networks step
+by step. In addition, it is very difficult to analyze the origin of the
+recognizer errors and to correct them to improve the system performance.
+
+In the next section, we will show why we chose a local knowledge
+representation for our system.
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+\section{Psychological aspects}
+\label{PWORK}
+
+One of the trends in cursive script recognition is to get inspiration from reading models (Higgins and Bramall 1996; Guillevic 1995; C\^ot\'e et al. 1996a).
+We agree with Wesolkowski when he says:
+
+\begin{quote}
+{\it Humans are the best cursive word recognizers;\break
+therefore, by studying our performance on this task we might be able to set preliminary performance goals for cursive script recognition
+systems.}\break
+(Wesolkowski 1996, p. 270)
+\end{quote}
+
+\noindent
+It has been suggested that reading handwriting in context requires no more features than the first letter and the word shape (Higgins and Bramall 1996).
+Obviously, the reading will be facilitated by the presence of additional information.
+Nevertheless, the underlying idea is derived from studies of reading, in order to build efficient automatic reading systems.
+Word recognition implies the process of visual information, and its representation at the linguistic level.
+Psychologists call lexical access the processes by which humans associate the image of a word with its meaning.
+Most lexical access models take into account the orthographic (the way the word is written) and the phonological aspects (the way the word is pronounced) of the word, because both of them are tightly bound.
+Several models of lexical access have been developed, but up to now there is no final explanation on this matter, and research is continuing (Taft 1991).
+The question is, which reading model is best suited for the task?
+
+Jacobs and Grainger (Jacobs and Grainger 1994)\break
+have published an overview of word reading models, compared and evaluated according to their ability to reproduce the behaviors observed in humans.
+Three models emerged from the others.
+The first and the second are representatives of a traditional school, while the last is an adaptation of ``brain-style'' simulation models.
+
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item {\it Verification Model} (Paap et al. 1982)
+
+In this model, the visual inputs trigger the activation of some of the words in the lexicon.
+These activated words constitute a set of candidates.
+At the verification stage, this set of candidates is then sequentially checked against the sensory representation of the stimulus (as stored in visual memory), until a match is made.
+
+\item {\it Dual route} (Coltheart and Rastle 1994)
+
+This model assumes two main routes for lexical access while reading: one for the words, and one for pseudowords (pronounceable non-words such as `REET' or `MAVE').
+
+\item {\it Interactive Activation Model} (McClelland and\break
+Rumelhart 1981)
+
+% included figure ....
+\begin{figure}%f3
+\includegraphics[width=8cm]{ijdar003.f3}%{IAM2.ps}
+\caption{Interactive Activation Model (McClelland and Rumelhart 1981)}
+\label{FIGMODEL}
+\end{figure}
+
+In this model, which is opposite to the Coltheart and Rastle model, only one route is used for lexical access.
+Words and pseudowords are processed in the same way.
+
+The output of the interactive-activation model, contrary to Paap's model, is a single word that has been isolated from a set of active candidates by means of an inhibitory mechanism working on competing units.
+The verification step is integral to the recognition process.
+(see Fig.~3)
+
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+Since the perceptual approach is our first motivation, we have chosen the McClelland and Rumelhart model, as explained in (C\^ot\'e 1996a).
+In fact, this model has been especially designed to mimic the {\it Word Superiority Effect} (WSE) which is defined as the superiority of letter recognition within a context over the recognition of isolated letters.
+Figure~\ref{FIGWSE} shows how this effect has been observed when subjects have been asked to recognize a letter either in isolation or in context ({i.e.} in an existing word).
+
+
+% included figure ....
+\begin{figure}%f4
+\includegraphics[width=8cm]{ijdar003.f4}%{WSEJ.ps}
+\caption{Experimental observations. $t_{isolation}$ is the time needed
+for the recognition of a letter in isolation where exists some a priori
+ambiguity between possible letters such as ``A, H, K, or R'';
+$t_{context}$ is the time needed for the recognition of the letter
+within a word. In this case, the letter in context is obviously `K'
+because it corresponds to the word ``work''}
+\label{FIGWSE}
+\end{figure}
+
+
+This {\it Interactive Activation Model}~~has been modified many times subsequently.
+Its local represen\-tation has been changed to a distributed one (Seidenberg and McClelland 1989; Rumelhart and McClelland 1986).
+These ideas have given birth to the current generation of neural networks, which are able to learn new paradigms.
+However, when comparing both of McClelland's models (the classical and the distributed one), Forster (Forster 1994) remains skeptical about the pretension of Parallel Distributed Models to explain cognitive functions in terms of neurons.
+To him, a simulation is not an explanation.
+The demonstration that a network works does not give a theoretical explanation of the cognitive processes involved.
+He concludes:
+
+\medskip
+
+\begin{quote}
+{\it I suggest that the type of connections needed are effectively equivalent to local representations... I also protest the trend to substitute simulations for theoretical
+explanations}. (Forster 1994, p. 1303)
+\end{quote}
+
+\medskip \noindent
+We are facing the ``black box'' problem here.
+Jacobs supports Forster's affirmation:
+
+\medskip
+
+\begin{quote}
+{\it evidence from behavioral and brain imaging studies supports a word recognition model closer in spirit to the interactive-activation model (McClelland and Rumelhart) than to more recent (distributed) models (Seidenberg and
+McClelland,\break
+1989).} (Jacobs and Grainger 1994, p. 1326)
+\end{quote}
+
+\medskip \noindent
+Because we choose a local representation instead of a distributed one for our model, we are not in the main stream or current recognition methods, but we still value our personal slant on recognition: human perception.
+Hence in our network we can introduce {a priori} knowledge, and we can explain the behavior of the system step by step.
+
+An important point is that we can benefit from this analytic architecture to integrate an implicit segmentation (Casey and Lecolinet 1996).
+Thus, this architecture gives us the opportunity to improve the segmentation by taking advantage of contextual information.
+One should note that this is not possible in a network with distributed representation, because it behaves as a classifier which corresponds to a holistic approach.
+Also, there is no learning phase by connection weight modifications.
+Another advantage of this knowledge representation is that we do not need an extensive database to train the system.
+
+
+\section{Proposed method}
+\label{METHOD}
+
+We will introduce the behavior of our method, and underline its main originalities.
+The different modules of the system are represented in Fig.~\ref{FIGOVERVIEW}, and will be described in this section.
+
+\begin{figure}%f5
+\includegraphics[width=8cm]{ijdar003.f5}%{overview.ps}
+\caption{System overview. In this example, the key-letters are {\it
+`h'}, {\it `d'}, {\it `e'} and {\it `d'}}
+\label{FIGOVERVIEW}
+\end{figure}
+
+\subsection{Overview}
+
+Our method, developed for the offline recognition of isolated cursive words, models the contextual effects that were reported from studies in experimental psychology.
+We were particularly interested in the Interactive Activation Model proposed by McClelland and Rumelhart, because it is a lexical access model which mimics human perception, and because it accounts for the Word Superiority Effect.
+Even with inspiration from this reading model, it should be noted that our data and objectives are radically different from those of McClelland and Rumelhart.
+They use printed words to study human perception; we work with handwritten words.
+In their case, they build a reading model, whereas in our case, we want to recognize a cursive word.
+
+Hence, our recognition method is based on some ideas presented in the McClelland and Rumelhart model: neural network with local knowledge representation, parallel processing of information, gradual propagation of activation between adjacent levels of cells, following several bottom-up and top-down processes.
+However, because of the variability of handwriting, we have included in this architecture some characteristics specific to cursive scripts: meaningful features such ascenders and descenders, relative position of letters, fuzzy matching
+technique, and contextual analysis.
+
+Our system PERCEPTO for cursive word recognition has resulted from these new developments.
+It is mainly composed of four modules: pre-processing, baseline extraction, feature extraction, and recognition.
+Fig.~\ref{FIGOVERVIEW} illustrates the propagation of information in the system.
+First of all, a scanned image of an isolated cursive word is given as input.
+Pre-processing is performed on this input image, including contour extraction, loop detection and identification of local minima.
+The local minima will be used later during the pre-segmentation of the image into zones, each containing a key-letter ({cf.},
+Sect.~5.2.2).
+
+Once pre-processing is complete, the baselines of the word image are found in order to prepare for feature extraction ({cf.}, Sect.~\ref{SECFEATURE}).
+Three types of features are extracted: primary and secondary features, face-up and face-down valleys.
+
+In the recognition module, a neural network with three layers of neurons identifies the input word from the features extracted through a succession of perceptual cycles (bottom-up and top-down processes) ({cf.}, Sect.~\ref{SECPERCEPT}).
+A fuzzy matching technique identifies a correspondence between the zones in the input image (parts of the image which are recognized) and letters in each word of the lexicon (contextual knowledge) ({cf.}, Sect.~\ref{sec-label}).
+
+The output of the recognition module is a list of candidate words sorted by decreasing order of activation.
+
+\subsection{Feature extraction}
+\label{SECFEATURE}
+
+%faire une intro.
+As explained in the section above, three types of features are extracted in this method, as shown in Fig.~\ref{FIGOVERVIEW}: primary features, secondary features, and face-up and face-down valleys.
+
+Primary features are used to detect key-letters (letters or part of
+letters containing an ascender, a descender or a loop in the body of the
+word) ({cf.}, Sect.~5.2.2). Secondary features are
+conditional, because they are only detected when they are found in the
+presence of a prime feature ({cf.}, Sect.~5.2.3). Face-up and
+face-down valleys are extracted from the background of the image ({cf.},
+Sect.~5.2.4). Primary and secondary features are used during the
+bottom-up processes of the recognition module ({cf.},
+Sect.~5.5.1), while face-up and face-down valleys are involved
+in the top-down processes only ({cf.}, Sect.~5.5.2). Successful
+identification of these features relies on the baselines of the word
+image.
+
+
+\subsubsection{5.2.1 Baseline extraction.}
+
+Baselines split a word into three regions: one for ascenders (region above the superior baseline), one for descenders (region below the inferior baseline), and one for the body of the word (region between the two baselines).
+We have developed a new method for baseline extraction using entropy, which is described in (C\^ot\'e 1996c) and illustrated in Fig.~\ref{FIGBASELEXT}.
+This method avoids the correction of the slant of the word, and consequently the baseline follows the word as it is written.
+We basically compute several histograms for different $y$ projections, and calculate the entropy associated with each of them.
+We recall that entropy is a measurement of the compactness associated with the density of points given by
+(\ref{EQ_E}).
+%
+\begin{equation}
+E = -\sum_{i}p_{i} \log(p_{i})
+\label{EQ_E}
+\end{equation}
+\begin{equation}
+p_{i} = \frac{N_{i}}{N}
+\label{EQ_P}
+\end{equation}
+%
+where $N_{i}$ is the number of pixels with ordinate $y_{i}$ in the histogram, and $N$ is the total number of pixels in the contour of the word.
+The probability $p_{i}$ gives the occurrence of ordinate $y_{i}$ in the histogram ($\sum_{i}p_{i} = 1$).
+
+Entropy {\it E}~~is maximum when all probabilities $p_{i}$ are equal.
+It is minimum when all probabilities $p_{i}$, except one, are equal to zero.
+When a distribution is compact, its entropy is small.
+On the contrary, when a distribution is spread, its entropy is large.
+Consequently, the histogram having the lowest entropy will correspond to the writing direction.
+With this specific histogram, we then find the thresholds delimiting the body of the word following a simple heuristic.
+Examples of this baseline extraction technique are given in Fig.~\ref{BASEL}.
+
+
+
+\begin{figure}%f6
+\includegraphics[width=8cm]{ijdar003.f6}%{recetteJ.ps}
+\caption{Baseline extraction method}
+\label{FIGBASELEXT}
+\end{figure}
+%
+\begin{figure}%f7
+%\begin{center}
+\begin{tabular}{|l c|}
+\hline
+&\\
+\includegraphics[height=1cm]{ijdar003.f7a}%{Two_BH.ps}
+&\includegraphics[height=1cm]{ijdar003.f7b}%{Two_BL.ps}\\
+\\
+\includegraphics[height=1cm]{ijdar003.f7c}%{TappanBH.ps}
+&\includegraphics[height=1cm]{ijdar003.f7d}%{TappanBL.ps}\\
+\\
+\includegraphics[height=1cm]{ijdar003.f7e}%{TreadBH.ps}
+&\includegraphics[height=1cm]{ijdar003.f7f}%{TreadBL.ps}\\
+\\
+&\\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+%\end{center}
+\caption{Baseline extraction for the short word ``Two'', for a word with
+descenders such as ``Tappan'' and for the slanted word ``Treadwell''}
+\label{BASEL}
+\end{figure}
+
+\subsubsection{5.2.2 Primary features and key-letters.}
+\label{SECPRIME}
+
+The primary features are ascenders, descenders,
+ascender-descenders,\break
+and loops within the body of the word. (see Fig.~8)
+The key-letters (Cheriet and Suen 1993) are the letters (or parts of letters) which are described by these primary features.
+As these features are considered to be robust (Bouma 1971), they will be marked as the anchor points of the recognition process (Houle et al. 1993).
+The goal here is not to segment the whole word in its letters but rather to find the key-letters.
+First, local minima of the upper contour are found, in order to locate potential ligatures.
+Although more sophisticated algorithms could be used to find potential segmentation points, we just use here the local minima as first approximation.
+
+Once these potential ligatures are detected, the word is pre-segmented into connected components.
+The key-letters are the connected components which overlap the ascender and/or descender regions.
+Connected components detected as loops in the body of the word are also identified as key-letters.
+Each key-letter determines the width and the location of a zone.
+These zones form the input to the recognition module during the bottom-up processes.
+
+
+
+\begin{figure}%f8
+\includegraphics[width=6.5cm]{ijdar003.f8}%{primaire.ps}
+\caption{Primary features. Key-letters have a black contour delimiting
+letters {\it `f'}, {\it `f'}, {\it `t'}, {\it `e'} and {\it `e'}.
+Letters {\it `i'} and {\it `n'} are ignored because they are not
+described with primary features. They will be sought during the top-down
+processes}
+\label{FIGKLDEF}
+\end{figure}
+
+\subsubsection{5.2.3 Secondary features or conditionals.}
+\label{SECSECOND}
+
+Secondary features, such as b\_loop, d\_loop or t bars, have their presence attested only when they are found in combination with the primary features; for this reason they are called conditional features, as in (Lecolinet 1994).
+For example, the feature d\_loop is a loop that will only be detected when an ascender is found on its right within the same zone.
+Tests show that detection of secondary features increases the recognition rate by 4\% on the training
+set. (see Fig.~9)
+
+
+\begin{figure}%f9
+\includegraphics[width=8cm]{ijdar003.f9}%{secondJ.ps}
+\caption{Conditional features}
+\label{FIGSECDEF}
+\end{figure}
+
+\subsubsection{5.2.4 Face-up and face-down valleys.}
+\label{SECFUP}
+
+Here, the background of the image is taken into account. (see Fig.~10)
+Face-up and face-down valleys are the connected components of the background extracted between the lower and the upper contours of the word (Cheriet and Suen 1993).
+These features are less stable, but will be used in the hypothesis generation, validation and insertion process to find other clues leading to the identity of the target word \mbox{({cf.},
+Sect.~5.5.2)}.
+
+\begin{figure}%f10
+\fbox{\includegraphics[width=4.cm]{ijdar003.f10}}%{picJ.ps}
+\caption{Face-up and face-down valleys}
+\label{FIGPIC}
+\end{figure}
+\subsection{Architecture of the recognition model}
+
+Our system is based on three levels of cells, hierarchically organized at feature, letter, and word levels as shown in Fig.~\ref{FIGPROCESS}.
+We assume that there is a cell for each word in the pre-defined lexicon, as well as for each letter and each feature associated with a given location in the image.
+Namely, there is a possibility of 32 words, 26 letters and 11 features.
+
+\begin{figure}%f11
+\includegraphics[width=3in]{ijdar003.f11}%{archiJ.ps}
+\caption{Three level system}
+\label{FIGPROCESS}
+\end{figure}
+
+
+There is a strong link between the number of zones in the image and the number of feature-cells in the first level of the system.
+The same observation also applies to the number of letter-cells in the second level of the system.
+
+
+Connections between adjacent levels are excitatory\footnote{As explained in (C\^ot\'e et al. 1996a, p. 306), there is no inhibition in this system as in several psycho-physiological systems because of the particular nature of cursive script which means that we are dealing with noisy and unstable information. As in (Bozinovic and Srihari 1989), we {\it reward occurrence of events but not their absence}. Our particular way of using information is to delay the decision about the identity of the word,
+and keep all the
+current hints that will help the system to make a decision. This choice is made at the price of more confusion between similar words. It is a tradeoff between refining the word selection, using reliable low level information, and accepting more candidates by being less selective, using unstable low level information. Possible solutions should not be eliminated too early in the decision process} and bi-directional, except between the feature and the letter level, where the connection is bottom-up
+ only.\break
+There are no connections within the same level.
+This is why a word-cell may be connected to a letter-cell but not to a feature-cell.
+The cells are pre-linked according to a priori knowledge.
+Two lexicons link the adjacent levels of cells: a feature-letter lexicon and a letter-word lexicon.
+Hence, according to these lexicons, the word-cell {\it ``two''} will be connected to the letter-cell {\it `t'} but not the word-cell {\it `f'}.
+We call this letter-cell {\it `t'}, the neighbor of the word-cell {\it ``two''}.
+Hence, the word-cell {\it ``two''} has three neighbors: the letter-cells {\it `t'}, {\it `w'} and {\it `o'}.
+For each word in the lexicon, there is a labelling array which links each of the word letters and each of the associated zones in the image.
+
+
+\subsection{Activation states of a cell}
+
+In this system, the cells are either active or passive, and their internal energy or {\it activation} has a value which varies between 0 and 1.
+
+When a cell detects a stimulus, its activation increases and then it can influence its neighbors, which are the cells of the adjacent levels to which it is connected.
+Hence, the activation of a cell depends not only on its internal energy, but also on its neighbors' activation.
+Figure~\ref{FIGACT} presents the different activation states of a cell which are described below.
+In this example, letter-cells {\it `b'} and {\it `f'} have been activated by the feature-cell ``ascender''.
+
+% included figure ....
+\begin{figure}%f12
+\includegraphics[width=8.5cm]{ijdar003.f12}%{im_actJ.ps}
+\caption{Activation states of a cell. Each cell is represented by a
+circle which is black when the cell is active, or white when the cell is
+not}
+\label{FIGACT}
+\end{figure}
+
+
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item {\bf Deactivated cell}: letter-cell {\it `b'} receives a maximal initial activation.
+This cell has no neighbors.
+Consequently, its activation cannot be supported and its internal activation decreases until it reaches the resting level (= 0).
+
+\item {\bf Active cell}: letter-cell {\it `f'} has two neighbors, which gradually increase its activation until the maximal activation value is reached.
+
+\item {\bf Inactive cell}: letter-cell {\it `o'} will stay minimal in activation because it cannot receive activation from its neighbors.
+Thus, its activation will stay minimal even if it has a neighbor at the adjacent level because the activation of this neighbor is zero.
+An inactive cell cannot activate a neighbor.
+
+Letter-cell {\it `z'} is inactive.
+Because this cell has no neighbors, its activation will stay at its minimum value.
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsection{Perceptual cycles}
+\label{SECPERCEPT}
+
+Two complementary processes allow the transmission of information within the three levels of the system: bottom-up and top-down processes.
+A perceptual cycle has been completed when a bottom-up process is followed by a top-down process.
+During the bottom-up process, the information propagates from the lower (feature) level toward the higher (word) level, and vice versa in the top-down process.
+In the latter, an implicit segmentation of the unknown word is performed based on the contextual information given by the higher level.
+We describe each of the processes in the following sections.
+
+
+\subsubsection{5.5.1 Bottom-up process.}
+\label{SECPASC}
+
+
+From the offline image of an unknown handwritten word, meaningful features such as ascenders, descenders, ascen\-der-descenders (as in letter {\it
+`f'}\,), and loops are first extracted.
+These form the anchors (or also the key-letters) of the image because they constitute the most stable part of the image and therefore, they will be processed in priority.
+
+Since we have the order and relative (but not absolute) position of these key-letters in the image, we model the letter position by a zone which does not necessarily contain one letter.
+Following the feature extraction, a zone is created for each key-letter.
+
+% included figure ....
+\begin{figure}%f13
+\includegraphics[width=8.5cm]{ijdar003.f13}%{processA.ps}
+\caption{Bottom-up process. For simplicity, we illustrate here only the
+processing of the ``ascender'' of the letter {\it `l'}. Activated cells
+are represented by a white background}
+\label{FIGASC}
+\end{figure}
+
+Extracted features are the input to the recognition system, which will use this information to initiate the bottom-up process: the corresponding feature-cells are activated.
+In the example shown in Fig.~\ref{FIGASC}, for simplicity, we only illustrate the processing of the ``ascender'' of letter {\it `l'}.
+Usually, in this case, both the ascender of letter {\it `l'} and the descender of letter {\it `y'} are detected, and the bottom-up processes associated with each feature are realized in parallel for both zones.
+To simplify things, we are concentrating now on the description of the bottom-up process for zone 1.
+Hence, the detection of feature ``ascender'' in zone 1 triggers the activation of the feature-cell ``ascender'' in the region of the network corresponding to this zone.
+The activation of the feature-cell initiates the propagation of activation toward the adjacent levels.
+Hence, letter-cells corresponding to zone 1 and connected to this feature-cell ``ascender'' are also activated.
+
+Following the same process, activated letter-cells trigger the word-cells they are related to.
+At the end of the bottom-up process, some word-cells are activated and some are not.
+In this example, the word-cells {\it ``only''}, {\it ``fifty''}, and
+{\it ``fifteen''} are activated, but the word-cell\break
+{\it ``nine''} is not.
+
+Thus, the features initially detected in the image have initiated the activation of some word-cells which constitute some of the possible solutions in the word identification process.
+
+
+\subsubsection{5.5.2 Top-down process.}
+\label{SECPDES}
+
+
+During the top-down process, contextual information is taken into account in two manners, {\it feedback} and {\it insertion}.
+
+
+During feedback, the propagation of activation\break
+spreads from the word-level to the letter-level.
+The word-cells stimulate the letter-cells, following the same network connections used in the bottom-up process.
+This feedback will increase the activation of letter-cells that best match the lexicon.
+In Fig.~\ref{FIGDES}, the word-cells {\it ``only''}, {\it ``fifty''},
+and {\it ``fifteen''} will stimulate the letter-cells which have already contributed to their activation during the bottom-up process (these are the letter-cells {\it `b'}, {\it `d'}, {\it `f'}, {\it `h'}, {\it `k'}, {\it
+`l'}, and {\it `t'} associated with zone 1).
+
+ % included figure ....
+\begin{figure}%f14
+\includegraphics[width=8.5cm]{ijdar003.f14}%{processD.ps}
+\caption{Top-down process. Feedback: arrows 1, 2 and 3. Insertion:
+arrows 4, 5 and 6}
+\label{FIGDES}
+\end{figure}
+
+The other process involved in the top-down process is insertion.
+More precisely, we are talking about the hypothesis generation,
+validation, and insertion process.
+Again, we have simplified the diagram shown in Fig.~\ref{FIGDES}, which illustrates the insertion process.
+The idea is to use contextual information given by the lexicon in order to increase the chances of recognizing the word presented to the system.
+
+The activated word-cells generate letter hypotheses which give some hints about the identity of the unknown letters present in the image.
+These hypotheses are then checked against the real image.
+If the features matching the letter hypotheses are present in the unknown word image, the hypotheses are validated and the corresponding cells are activated; if not, they are rejected.
+
+For example, in Fig.~\ref{FIGDES}, the word-cell {\it ``only''} proposes the letter {\it `n'}, the word-cell {\it ``fifty''} the letter {\it `f'}, and the word-cell {\it ``fifteen''} the letter {\it `i'}.
+The hypotheses sought are {\it `n'}, {\it `f'} and {\it `i'} to the left of zone 1.
+In the image, to the left of this zone, we can find a ``face-down valley'' feature which validates the presence of letter {\it `n'}, but does not accept letters {\it `f'} and {\it `i'} as possibilities.
+A new zone, zone 2 in this example, is thus created and inserted on the left side of zone 1.
+
+Following this example, we explain the above steps in more detail:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item {\bf Generation}: the system builds a topological representation of the input word image based on information such as: mean width of a zone, beginning and end of a zone.
+It also takes into account the estimation of the number of letters between the anchor zones based on the mean width of a zone.
+Once this topology has been established, the system computes the distance between this target topology and each of the labelled word in the lexicon.
+The words that are closer to this target topology are retained as word candidates to the hypotheses validation.
+
+\vskip 4mm
+
+\item {\bf Validation}: for each word considered as a possibility, we try to validate the retained hypotheses with the input image.
+A letter in a word will be validated if its features can be found in the image.
+When a letter is validated, the score associated with the corresponding word is increased.
+The words which have the highest scores will participate in the insertion process.
+
+\vskip 4mm
+
+\item {\bf Insertion}: for each candidate word and for each validated letter within this word, a zone is created and inserted at the appropriate location in the image.
+In each of these new zones, the feature-detectors corresponding to the features found in this zone are activated.
+In the next cycle, these features will also contribute to the propagation of activation among the three different levels of the system.
+\end{itemize}
+
+In conclusion, at the end of the top-down process, during feedback, the activation of letter-cells associated with each zone of the image is reinforced.
+During insertion, new zones are created and inserted.
+
+
+
+
+
+\subsubsection{5.5.3 Complete cycle and saturation.}
+
+
+Because the activation increases gradually over time ({cf.}, Sect.~\ref{sec-act}), the cells of the system need several perceptual cycles before they can reach an activation level high enough to decide on the identity of the unknown word.
+
+The sequence of zones at the end of a perceptual cycle constitutes the input for the next cycle.
+Hence, at the end of a perceptual cycle, hypotheses are validated and the corresponding feature-cells are activated.
+These newly activated features are added to those features activated from the beginning.
+This is why, in Fig.~\ref{FIGDES}, the zone 2 created and inserted beside zone 1 will trigger the activation of the feature-cell ``face-down valley'' in the region of the network associated with this zone.
+The input for the next cycle will be zone 1 with its feature ``ascender'', and zone 2 with its feature ``face-down valley''.
+The detection of these features initiates the activation of the feature-cell ``ascender'' and the feature-cell ``face-down valley'' in the regions of the network associated with zones 1 and 2 respectively.
+
+After several perceptual cycles, usually between 6 and 14 cycles, the activation of a word-cell reaches its maximal value, meaning that the system has converged toward a solution.
+When this happens, we say that the system saturates ({cf.}, Sect.~\ref{sec-act}).
+It is then possible to establish a list of candidate words sorted in decreasing order of activation.
+The words having the highest activation values among candidate words are selected as a recognition result array.
+
+
+\subsection{Activation}
+\label{sec-act}
+
+%Revenir, mettre une transition
+Now that we have described this system in general, we give a formal definition of activation and explain how the weights of the connections between cells are calculated.
+Each cell or unit has a momentary activation $A_{i}(t)$.
+The unit's activation varies between 0 and 1 in accordance with the following equation:
+%
+\begin{equation}
+A_{i}(t + \Delta t) = (1 - \Theta)A_{i}(t) + E_{i}(t)
+\label{eq:act}
+\end{equation}
+%
+\begin{tabular}{@{}p{9mm}@{}p{1.85cm}@{}p{5.8cm}@{}}
+with: &$A_{i}(t + \Delta t)$ &the new value of the activation
+ of unit {\em{i}} at time $(t + \Delta t)$.\\
+ &$\Theta$ &a constant for the unit's decay, set to 0.07.\\
+ &$E_{i}(t)$ &the effect on unit {\em{i}} at \mbox{time {\em{t}}}
+ due to inputs from its neighbors.
+\end{tabular}
+
+\medskip
+\noindent The effect from the neighbors on unit {\em{i}} at time
+{\em{t}}, $E_{i}(t)$, is represented by:
+%
+\begin{equation}
+E_{i}(t) = n_{i}(t)(M - A_{i}(t)) \label{eq:contribution}
+\end{equation}
+%
+\begin{tabular}{@{}p{9mm}@{}p{1.85cm}@{}p{5.8cm}@{}}
+with: &$n_{i}(t)$ &the total excitatory influences from the
+ neighbors at time {\em{t}} on unit {\em{i}}.\\
+ &$M$ &the maximum activation level of
+ the unit, set to 1.
+\end{tabular}
+
+\medskip
+\noindent where the factor $n_{i}(t)$ is defined as:
+%
+\begin{equation}
+n_{i}(t) = \sum_{j}\alpha_{ij}a_{j}(t) \label{eq:excitation}
+\end{equation}
+%
+\begin{tabular}{@{}p{9mm}@{}p{1.85cm}@{}p{5.8cm}@{}}
+with: &$a_{j}(t)$ &the activation of an active
+ \mbox{excitatory} neighbor of the unit.\\
+ &$\alpha_{ij}$ &the associated weight constant.\\
+&&
+\end{tabular}
+
+\noindent The factor $(M - A_{i}(t))$ modulates the contribution of the neighbors $n_{i}(t)$, to keep the input to the unit from driving it beyond some maximum.
+As can be seen, when the activation of the unit has reached its maximum value (one), the effect of the input is reduced to zero.
+Thus, the activation is always bounded.
+
+The weights of the connections are not learned.
+They adapt during the process according to the following formulas:
+%
+\begin{displaymath}%center}
+\alpha_{fl} = \frac{1}{NF},~
+\alpha_{lw} = {\cal F}(\Delta)_{lw}\:\frac{1}{NZ},~
+\alpha_{wl} = \frac{1}{NW}
+\end{displaymath}%center}
+
+\noindent where $NF$ is the number of features found in the signal for letter L, ${\cal F}(\Delta)_{lw}$ is the position coefficient for letter L in word W (the definition follows), $NZ$ is the number of zones found in the signal at time {\em{t}}, and $NW$ is the number of words in the lexicon containing the letter~L.
+Figure~\ref{FIGFLUX} shows a general diagram of the model's behavior.
+%
+\begin{figure}%f15
+\includegraphics[width=8.5cm]{ijdar003.f15}%{compt.ps}
+\caption{Behavior of the model}
+\label{FIGFLUX}
+\end{figure}
+\subsection{Labelling and fuzzy matching}
+\label{sec-label}
+
+During the bottom-up process, we first try to match the activated letter with the related word (letter-word lexicon), and at the right position within the word.
+To do so, a labelling technique has been developed which deals with the relative order of letters and the letter's fuzzy position in a word.
+
+The estimation of the relative letter positions is a very important parameter for successful letter labelling of each word in the lexicon.
+During the labelling process, we always compare the position of the tested letter in the word with the corresponding position in the image.
+The letter position in the image is relative to the word image length.
+
+%Revenir, mettre de l'emphase
+
+Because the number of letters in the word image is difficult to evaluate, and because an approximate position of a letter in the word image is necessary for a good labelling, an estimation of a letter width is calculated.
+This estimation is obtained by projecting the lexicon on the input image.
+Hence during the matching between a zone in the image and a letter in a word of the lexicon, the width of a letter varies according to the number of letters in the considered word and is known a priori.
+Figure~\ref{FIGMAPPING} illustrates the mapping used.
+
+% included figure ....
+\begin{figure}%f16
+\includegraphics[width=8cm]{ijdar003.f16}%{mapping.ps}
+\caption{Projection of the lexicon on the input image; variable letter width}
+\label{FIGMAPPING}
+\end{figure}
+
+Since the letter position in the image is not known precisely, we introduce a position coefficient (real number between 0 and 1).
+When its value is 1, we consider that the letter in the word corresponds exactly to the letter in the image.
+On the contrary, a 0 value means that the letter in the word does not correspond at all to the letter in the image.
+Between these two limits, this coefficient varies as a fuzzy function.
+One should note that this fuzzy function depends on the letter width of the image word.
+Since we try to match each word of the lexicon with the input image, the fuzzy function will vary according to the length of the lexicon word candidate for labelling.
+This flexible fuzzy function enables the compensation of any
+distortions
+that may appear in the image because its particular shape takes into account more than one letter.
+
+Figure~\ref{FIGCOEFPOS} shows how the fuzzy matching function is superimposed on each letter candidate for a match with a corresponding zone in the image, in order to obtain the position coefficient.
+In this example, an ascender and a loop have been found at relative positions of 10.2\% and 57.9\% respectively in the image of the word {\it ``ten''}.
+The ascender at 10.2\% is compared with the {\it `t'} of the lexicon words {\it ``ten''} and {\it ``two''}.
+The loop at 57.9\% is compared with letter {\it `e'} of the word {\it ``ten''} and letter {\it `o'} of the word {\it ``two''}.
+In this latter case, the position coefficient evaluated at a position of 57.9\% has a value of 0.75, because the matching function decreases between positions 33\% and 66\% when it is centered on the letter {\it `o'} associated with the loop.
+
+
+% included figure ....
+\begin{figure}%f17
+\includegraphics[width=7.0cm]{ijdar003.f17}%{coef_pos.ps}
+\caption{Fuzzy matching. The position coefficient values are inside the
+boxes. For the letter `t' in the lexicon words `ten' and `two' the
+position coefficient is evaluated to 1 in both cases. All the features
+detected in the image are attributed a relative position (\%)}
+\label{FIGCOEFPOS}
+\end{figure}
+
+\section{Experiments and results}
+\label{RESULTS}
+
+Two types of results will be discussed in this section: qualitative and quantitative.
+The former validates the behavior of the model, the latter validates the pattern recognition task performed by our system.
+
+\subsection{Qualitative results}
+
+After implementation of our method, results have been obtained on real images.
+Examples of the outputs produced by our system are shown in Figs.~\ref{EXOUTPUT2} and \ref{EXOUTPUT1}, for the words {\it ``fifteen''} and {\it ``only''}.
+The value associated with each word in the output list is an activation value.
+The higher the value, the higher the likelihood that this word corresponds to the target word.
+
+\begin{figure}%f18
+\includegraphics[width=8cm]{ijdar003.f18}%{listNew.ps}
+\caption{Output lists of word candidates for the word images {\it
+``fifteen''}, and {\it ``only''}. ``act'' is the activation of the word,
+``labels'' is the number of zones matched with the word}
+\label{EXOUTPUT2}
+\end{figure}
+
+
+In the images of Fig.~\ref{EXOUTPUT1}d,e, the segments are the
+representation of strokes and ascenders.
+The loops are represented by circles.
+In the images of Fig.~\ref{EXOUTPUT1}e, each zone is represented by a box.
+As we can observe in Fig.~\ref{EXOUTPUT1}b, the meaningful features such as ascenders, descenders and loops have been detected and validated.
+
+
+\begin{figure}%f19
+\includegraphics[height=8cm]{ijdar003.f19}%{fifoutJ.ps}
+\caption{Words {\it ``fifteen''}, and {\it ``only''} {\bf a} before
+processing, {\bf b} after feature extraction, {\bf c} after key letter
+extraction,
+{\bf d} zones created after insertion process, {\bf e} zones created
+after the bottom-up and top-down processes}
+\label{EXOUTPUT1}
+\end{figure}%
+%
+\begin{figure}%f20
+\includegraphics*[width=8.4cm]{ijdar003.f20}%{courpdfa.eps}
+\vspace*{-5mm}
+\hbox to\columnwidth{{\bf ~a}\hfill {\bf ~b}\hfill}
+\vspace*{-0.5mm}
+\caption{\textbf{a} word activation curves; \textbf{b} letter
+activation curves; for
+{\it ``fifteen''}, zone 1 corresponds to letter {\it `f'}, for {\it
+``only''}, zone 1 corresponds to letter {\it `l'}}
+\label{FIGACTCURVES}
+\end{figure}
+
+The activation curves in Fig.~\ref{FIGACTCURVES} show the behavior of the most highly activated cells (not all the cells are represented here) involved in the recognition process of the words {\it ``fifteen''} and {\it ``only''} respectively.
+
+
+In Fig.~\ref{FIGACTCURVES}a, candidate words {\it ``fifteen''} and {\it ``only''} are more highly activated because they have more letters matched than their competitors.
+One should notice that {\it ``fifteen''}, {\it ``sixteen''}, {\it
+``eighteen''}, and {\it ``fourteen''} belong to the same perception family, because they share the same global shape.
+This is true also for the words {\it ``only''}, {\it ``forty''}, and
+{\it ``fifty''}.
+Hence, the activation curves for the words {\it ``forty''} and {\it ``fifty''} are overlapped.
+
+In Fig.~\ref{FIGACTCURVES}b, letters {\it `f'} and {\it `g'} of zone 1, at the beginning of the word {\it ``fifteen''}, and the letters {\it `l'}, {\it `f'}, {\it `t'} and {\it `h'} of zone 1, in the middle of the word {\it ``only''}, are in competition, because they have a common feature, namely a descender in the first example, and an ascender in the second example respectively.
+Since few words in the lexicon begin with letter {\it `g'} in the first case, letter {\it `f'} receives more activation.
+In the second example, letters {\it `l'}, {\it `f'}, {\it `t'}, and {\it `h'} are in competition, but the feedback of the word-cell {\it `only'} to letter-cell {\it `l'} enables this letter to win the competition.
+This fact illustrates very well the ``{\it Word Superiority Effect}'' described by our equation of activation.
+Indeed, when a cell is activated, it receives more stimuli from its neighbors at adjacent levels, and therefore its activation increases.
+Moreover, these results are coherent with our psycho-perceptual model because the errors made by the system mimic those observed in humans (confused words are part of a same perceptual family).
+
+%\vfill
+
+\subsection{Quantitative results}
+
+\subsubsection{6.2.1 Database.}
+
+At CENPARMI, where this research has been partly conducted, a large database has been built for a project aiming at the recognition of the
+legal\break
+amount of cheques (Lam et al. 1995).
+This database has been created from 2500 handwritten cheques written in English, and 1900 handwritten cheques written in French.
+The number of writers is estimated to be close to 800 for the English cheques, and close to 600 for the French cheques.
+In this database, 7837 English words and 7135 French words are available.
+Examples of some typical words found in the database are shown in Fig.~\ref{FIGSAMPLE1}.
+
+
+\begin{figure}%f21
+\hspace*{-2mm}
+\tabcolsep 5pt
+\begin{tabular}{c c}
+\includegraphics[width=4cm]{ijdar003.f21}%{im_annex.ps}
+&\includegraphics[width=4cm]{ijdar003.f22}%{im_annes.ps}
+\\
+\end{tabular}
+\caption{Some word samples from the CENPARMI database}
+\label{FIGSAMPLE1}
+\end{figure}
+
+
+We decided to experiment with this database, first because it was
+already available and can be a common basis for performance evaluation
+of different methods and second because of \mbox{compatibility}
+advantages if this method was to be integrated into a larger framework
+combining different \mbox{experts~(Suen et al. 1992)}.
+
+\subsubsection{6.2.2 Testing conditions and parameters.}
+
+%except those of words beginning with the letter ``T'', since this letter is described with an ascender whenever it is capital or not.
+
+The word recognizer has been trained on a small set of 184 images, and tested on a set of 2929 images.
+None of these images contain capital letters, because the current version of the system is restricted to lowercase letters.
+The lexicon used for the tests includes 32 English cursive words with
+3--9 letters.
+
+Table~\ref{RECOMOT} gives the results obtained for the recognition of isolated cursive words without hypothesis generation, validation or insertion (we will discuss why in
+Sect.~6.2.3).
+
+
+
+\begin{table}%t1
+\caption{Cursive word recognition results (\% correct in top {\it N}~choices)}
+\label{RECOMOT}
+\begin{tabular}{l l l l l }
+\hline
+{\it N} (\%) &1 &2 &5 &10 \\
+\hline
+Training set &76.1 &88 &91.8 &94 \\
+Testing set &73.6 &81 &89.4 &92.7 \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+
+\begin{table}%t2
+\caption{Cursive word recognition results per class of word length for
+the testing set (\% correct in top {\it N}~choices)}
+\label{REPARTRECO}
+\begin{tabular}{c l l l l }
+\hline
+Word length &1 &2 &5 &10 \\
+\hline
+3 &66.3 &69.3 &81.4 &85.3 \\
+4 &71.1 &78.9 &84.2 &86.6 \\
+5 &69.8 &79.5 &86 &90.5 \\
+6 &77.2 &87.5 &96 &98.2 \\
+7 &79.8 &87.6 &96 &99.2 \\
+8 &81.1 &90.3 &96.3 &98.9 \\
+9 &69 &82.8 &96.6 &100 \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+
+As might be expected, the words described with a larger number of anchor
+features are more often properly recognized. This facilitates the
+detection of long words, and increases the confidence associated with
+the recognition of these words as shown in Table~\ref{REPARTRECO}. On
+the contrary, short words are more difficult to recognize, especially
+words such as ``one'' and ``nine'', because they do not contain any
+ascenders or descenders, as we can see in Table~\ref{RECOSANSEXT}. These
+words are responsible for a decrease by 4\% in the recognition rates, as
+we can observe in Table~\ref{RECOAVECSANS}. This is why, in these cases,
+we should extract other features to improve the recognition rate.
+
+
+\begin{table}%t3
+\caption{Recognition results for words without extensions with the testing set}
+\label{RECOSANSEXT}
+\begin{tabular}{l l l l l }
+\hline
+Words &1 &2 &5 &10\\
+\hline
+One &51 &57.6 &60.9 &64.1\\
+Six &30.1 &34.2 &38.4 &43.8\\
+Nine &46.8 &48.1 &50.6 &57\\
+Seven &42.2 &49.4 &60.2 &71.1\\
+\hline
+Totals &43.1 &48 &53.2 &59.6\\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+\begin{table}%t4
+\caption{Recognition results with the testing set with and without ``no extension words''}
+\label{RECOAVECSANS}
+\begin{tabular}{l l l l l }
+\hline
+N (\%) &1 &2 &5 &10 \\
+\hline
+With &73.6 &81 &89.4 &92.7 \\
+Without &77.4 &85.1 &94 &96.9 \\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+
+
+
+When we analyse the experimental results, we observe that there are two main sources of errors.
+The first one is related to pre-segmentation problems, and does not occur frequently.
+The second one occurs more often, and is caused by a bad detection of the primary features.
+For both cases, the information given to the system is erroneous from the beginning.
+The propagation of this information during the bottom-up process leads to a bad labelling of the lexicon words.
+Moreover, during the feedback process, these words will contribute to the reinforcement of bad choices.
+
+%Revenir
+These facts suggest that we should add an independent labelling mechanism based on contextual information, in order to be able to reconsider the erroneous labelling proposed by the bottom-up process.
+The use of a rejection threshold may also be part of the solution.
+
+We also realise that our primary feature detection algorithm is robust, even though these features are not always precise enough for difficult cases.
+
+
+\subsubsection{6.2.3 Insertion.}
+\label{INSERT}
+
+
+As we can see in Table~\ref{TABINSERT}, hypothesis insertion does not necessarily increase the recognition rates for all words.
+
+
+\begin{table}%t5
+\caption{Results with and without insertion for the training set}
+\label{TABINSERT}
+\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l}
+\hline
+{\it N} (\%) &1 &2 &5 &10\\
+\hline
+Without insertion &76.1 &88 &91.8 &94\\
+With insertion &69 &83 &89 &94\\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+In fact, the insertion process will improve the recognition rates only when the number of zones matched for the target word is increased.
+Otherwise, a wrong word will be suggested as solution.
+The following observations may explain this situation:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item hypothesis generation is suggested by the most highly activated word-cells.
+
+When the target word is not in this group of words, the recognition may diverge because it is based on wrong decisions.
+
+\item estimation of the topology is erroneous.
+
+The topology estimation depends on the evaluation of the number of letters between the anchor zones, which is calculated from the mean width of a key-letter.
+Since this measurement is not always accurate, the estimation may be erroneous.
+
+\item features looked for during the validation process are too vague.
+
+Consequently, almost all hypotheses will then be accepted.
+This will lead to a bad hypothesis choice at the validation step, even though the target word is part of the possible word list.
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+Thus, the insertion process is not efficient to increase the recognition of words already badly recognized.
+However, it increases the discrimination of the words which have a good activation level.
+%In conclusion, insertion does not really improve the recognition of difficult cases as we would have expected.
+
+\section{Conclusion and perspectives}
+\label{CONCLU}
+
+After an overview of our method, where we underlined the major contributions of our system and justified the choice of our architecture, we have tested the model on a training set of 184 images and a testing set of 2929 images of English cursive words from the CENPARMI database.
+The recognition rates obtained for the learning set are 76\% (top choice) and 92\% (top five), and for the testing set 74\% (top choice) and 89\% (top five).
+In real applications, such as mail sorting of cheque recognition, syntactic information can be used to disambiguate the recognition of the words when identifying the whole sentence.
+Thus, it is reasonable to consider several choices for the recognition of each word of the sentence.
+Moreover, baseline extraction is usually more accurate when considering sentences rather than isolated words.
+This is especially true in case of small words such as ``one'' that does not contain ascenders nor descenders.
+Finally, it can be noticed that the lexicon used for the tests contains
+words
+(essentially numbers) with quite a similar structure.
+In sentence recognition, the syntax would help to compensate for the ambiguity relative to this type of lexicon.
+
+
+We have shown that the method is operational and that it has the expected behavior ({cf.},
+Figs.~\ref{EXOUTPUT2}--%
+%, \ref{EXOUTPUT1} and
+\ref{FIGACTCURVES}), {i.e.}, that it behaves according to the
+perceptual concepts studied.
+Errors made by the system are not incoherent but mimic in some manner those observed in humans because words which are confused are part of the same perceptual family.
+Considering that humans recognize words in sentences by using contextual analysis, it is reasonable to think that more than one possibility is evaluated during the recognition of isolated words.
+
+Consequently, we have validated our psycho-percep-\break
+tual approach for offline recognition of isolated cursive words.
+The main original issues of our model are summarized below:
+
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item An architecture based on a reading model: hierarchical, parallel, with local representation and interactive activation mechanism
+\item Significant perceptual features in word recognition, such as ascenders and descenders
+\item Fuzzy position concept, dealing with the location uncertainty of features and letters
+%\item Outside-in labelling process which mimics the human recognition process while reading
+\item Adaptability of the model to words of different\break
+lengths and from different languages.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+
+%perspectives------------------------------------
+%primitives robustes mais pas assez precises
+%possibilites de changer de choix
+%pas de rejet
+%perspectives architecture hybride
+
+Solutions are suggested below in order to further improve this method.
+Bad feature detection may be handled by improving the primary feature detection, and by using a labelling mechanism independent of the one resulting from the bottom-up process.
+Additional features could also improve the insertion module.
+Moreover, the reliability of the system could be improved if rejection is considered.
+Finally, a hybrid architecture could be envisaged.
+It would be interesting to combine a local knowledge representation with a distributed one.
+The distributed knowledge representation (neural nets with learning phase) would be used between the feature and letter levels in order to improve letter recognition, while the local knowledge representation would be used for contextual analysis between the word and letter levels (analytical approach).
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% acknowledgements %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{acknowledgement}
+We would like to thank Professor\break
+Claudie Faure and Ms.~Christine Nadal for their assistance, and IRIS,
+the National Networks of Centres of Excellence of Canada, Natural
+Sciences and Engineering Research of Canada, the Ministry of Education
+of Quebec, the {\it Fond de d\'eveloppement acad\'emique du r\'eseau du
+Qu\'ebec}, and the\break
+{\it Centre de coop\'era\-tion inter-universitaire
+franco-qu\'eb\'ecoise} for their financial funding.
+\end{acknowledgement}
+
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% bibliography %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{88}
+\bibitem{Bartnec} Bartneck N (1996)
+\newblock The role of handwriting recognition in future reading systems.
+\newblock In: {Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Frontiers in
+ Handwriting Recognition}. University of Essex, UK, pp 147--176
+
+\bibitem{Bouma_H} Bouma H (1971)
+\newblock Visual recognition of isolated lower-case letters.
+\newblock {Vision Research} 11:459--474
+
+\bibitem{Bozinov} Bozinovic RM, Srihari SH (1989)
+\newblock Off-line cursive script word recognition.
+\newblock {IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence} 11:68--83
+
+
+\bibitem{Casey_R} Casey RG, Lecolinet E (1996)
+\newblock A survey of methods and strategies in character segmentation.
+\newblock {IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence}
+18(7):690--706
+
+\bibitem{Chen_MY} Chen MY, Kundu A (1993)
+\newblock An alternative to variable duration HMM in handwritten word recognition.
+\newblock In: {Proceedings of the International Workshop on Frontiers
+in Handwriting Recognition}, pp~82--91
+
+\bibitem{Cheriet} Cheriet M, Suen CY (1993)
+\newblock Extraction of key letters for cursive script recognition.
+\newblock {Pattern Recognition Letters} 11:1009--1017
+
+\bibitem{Colthea} Coltheart M, Rastle K (1994)
+\newblock Serial processing in reading aloud: Evidence for dual-route models of
+ reading.
+\newblock {J. Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and
+ Performance} 20:1197--1211
+
+\bibitem{Cote_95} C\^ot\'e M, Lecolinet E, Cheriet M, Suen CY (1995)
+\newblock Building a perception based model for reading cursive script.
+\newblock In: {Proceedings Third ICDAR 95, Vol. II}.
+Mon\-tr\'eal, Canada, pp~898--901
+
+\bibitem{Cote96a} C\^ot\'e M, Lecolinet E, Cheriet M, Suen CY (1996a)
+\newblock Using reading models for cursive script recognition.
+\newblock In: Simner ML, Leedham CG, Thomassen AJWM (eds) {Handwriting
+and Drawing Research: Basic and Applied Issues}.
+ IOS Press, Amsterdam, pp~299--313
+
+\bibitem{Cote96b} C\^ot\'e M, Lecolinet E, Cheriet M, Suen CY (1996b)
+\newblock Lecture automatique d'\'ecriture cursive utilisant des concepts
+ perceptuels.
+\newblock In: {Actes de congr\`es de l'Association canadienne-fran\c{c}aise
+ pour l'avancement de la science}. Montr\'eal, Canada
+
+\bibitem{Cote96c} C\^ot\'e M, Cheriet M, Lecolinet E, Suen CY (1996c)
+\newblock D\'etec\-tion des lignes de base de mots cursifs \`a l'aide de
+ l'entropie.
+\newblock In: {Actes de congr\`es de l'Association canadienne-fran\c{c}aise
+ pour l'avancement de la science}. Montr\'eal, Canada
+
+\bibitem{Cote_97} C\^ot\'e M, Cheriet M, Lecolinet E, Suen CY (1997)
+\newblock Automatic reading of cursive scripts using human knowledge.
+\newblock In: {Proceedings Fourth ICDAR 97}. Ulm, Germany, pp~107--111
+
+\bibitem{De_Zuni} De Zuniga CM, Humphreys GW, Evett LJ (1991)
+\newblock Additive and interactive effects of repetition, degradation, and word
+ frequency in reading of handwriting.
+\newblock In: Besner D, Humphreys GW (eds) {Basic processes in
+ reading: Visual word recognition}. Lawrence Erlbaum,
+ Hillsdale, NJ, pp~10--33
+
+\bibitem{Favata} Favata JT, Srihari SN (1992)
+\newblock Recognition of general handwritten words using a hypothesis generation and reduction methodology.
+\newblock In: {Proceedings of the USPS Advanced Technology
+Conference}, pp~237--251
+
+\bibitem{Forster} Forster KI (1994)
+\newblock Computational modeling and elementary process analysis in visual word
+ recognition.
+\newblock {J. Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and
+ Performance; Special Section: Modeling Visual Word Recognition}
+20(6):1292--1310
+
+\bibitem{Guillev} Guillevic D (1995)
+\newblock {Unconstrained Handwriting Recognition applied to the Processing
+ of Bank Cheques}.
+\newblock PhD thesis, Department of Computer Science, Concordia University,
+ Montr\'eal, Canada
+
+
+\bibitem{Higgins} Higgins C, Bramall P (1996)
+\newblock An on-line cursive script recognition system.
+\newblock In: Simner ML, Leedham CG, Tho\-massen AJWM (eds)
+{Handwriting and Drawing Research: Basic and Applied Issues}.
+ IOS Press, Amsterdam, pp~285--298
+
+\bibitem{Houle_G} Houle G, Radelar C, Resnick S, Bock P (1993)
+\newblock Handwritten word recognition using collective learning systems theory.
+\newblock In: {Proceedings of the International Workshop on Frontiers
+in Handwriting Recognition}, pp~92--101
+
+
+\bibitem{Jacobs} Jacobs AM, Grainger J (1994)
+\newblock Models of visual word recogni\-tion-- sampling the state of
+the art.
+\newblock {J. Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and
+ Performance; Special Section: Modeling Visual Word Recognition} 20,
+ 6:1311--1334
+
+\bibitem{Jodouin} Jodouin JF (1994)
+\newblock {Les r\'eseaux de neurones}.
+\newblock Herm\`es, Paris, France
+
+
+\bibitem{Lam_L} Lam L, Suen CY, Guillevic D, Strathy NW, Cheriet M, Liu K, Said JN (1995)
+\newblock Automatic processing of information on cheques.
+\newblock In: {Proceedings of the International Conference on Systems, Man and
+ Cybernetics}. Vancouver, Canada, pp~2353--2358
+
+\bibitem{Lecolin} Lecolinet E (1994)
+\newblock Cursive script recognition by backward matching.
+\newblock In: Faure C, Keuss P, Lorette G, Vinter A (eds)
+ {Advances in Handwriting and Drawing: A Multidisciplinary Approach}.
+ Europia, Paris, pp~117--135
+
+
+\bibitem{McClell} McClelland JL, Rumelhart DE (1981)
+\newblock An interactive activation model of context effects in letter
+ perception.
+\newblock {Psychological Review} 88:375--407
+
+\bibitem{Paap_K} Paap K, Newsome SL, McDonald JE, Schvaneveldt RW (1982)
+\newblock An activation-verification model for letter and word recognition:
+the
+ word superiority effect.
+\newblock {Psychological Review} 89:573--594
+
+\bibitem{Rumelha} Rumelhart DE, McClelland JL (eds) (1986)
+\newblock {Parallel Distributed Processing; Explorations in the
+ Microstructure of Cognition, vol. 1: Foundations}.
+\newblock The MIT Press, Cambridge
+
+
+\bibitem{Seidenb} Seidenberg S, McClelland JL (1989)
+\newblock A distributed, developmental model of word recognition and naming.
+\newblock {Psychological Review} 96:523--4568
+
+\bibitem{Suen_CY} Suen CY, Nadal C, Legault R, Mai TA, Lam L (1992)
+\newblock Computer recognition of unconstrained handwritten numerals.
+\newblock {Proceedings of the IEEE} 80(7):1162--1179
+
+\bibitem{Taft_M} Taft M (1991)
+\newblock {Reading and the Mental Lexicon}.
+\newblock Law\-rence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ
+
+\bibitem{Taylor} Taylor I, Taylor MM (1983)
+\newblock {The Psychology of Reading}, Ch. 9: Letter and Word
+ Recognition. Academic Press, New York
+
+\bibitem{Wesolko} Wesolkowski S (1996)
+\newblock Cursive script recognition: a survey.
+\newblock In: Simner ML, Leedham CG, Thomassen AJWM (eds)
+ {Handwriting and Drawing Research: Basic and Applied Issues}.
+ IOS Press, Amsterdam, pp~267--284
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+\vspace*{2.31mm}
+
+
+\begin{biography}
+{Myriam C\^ot\'e}
+received her B. Eng. degree from {Universit\'e Laval}, Qu\'ebec, Canada
+in 1989. In 1992, she obtained a M.Sc. degree in optics and photonics
+from {Universit\'e de Paris XI}, France, and in 1993, a M.Sc. degree in
+artificial intelligence and pattern recognition from {Universit\'e de
+Paris VI}, France. In 1997, she received her Ph.D degree in
+Telecommunications from {\'Ecole Nationale Sup\'erieure des
+T\'el\'ecommunications}, France. She is now working as a postdoctoral
+fellow at INO, Qu\'ebec, Canada. Her research
+interests include pattern recognition, perception, optics and image
+synthesis.
+\end{biography}
+
+\newpage
+
+\begin{biography}
+{Eric Lecolinet}
+received his Ph.D degree in Computer Science from {Universit\'e Pierre et Marie Curie}, Paris, France in 1990.
+He has been working on OCR and Cursive Script Recognition at Matra, France from 1987 to 1990 and at the IBM Almaden Research Center, California from 1990 to 1992.
+He is currently an Associate Professor at the {\'Ecole Nationale Sup\'erieure des T\'el\'ecommunications} (ENST), Paris, France and is a member of the associated research unit of CNRS, URA 820.
+His research interests include pattern recognition, artificial intelligence and human-computer
+interaction.\break
+Dr Lecolinet is a member of the IEEE and has published more than 30 papers on these subjects.
+\end{biography}
+
+
+\vspace*{-9mm}
+
+\begin{biography}
+{Mohamed Cheriet}
+received his Ph.D. degree in Computer Science from {Universit\'e de Paris 6} (France) in 1988.
+From 1988 to 1990, he worked as a Research Assistant at LAFORIA/CNRS laboratory.
+He then joined CENPARMI at Concordia University in Montreal, where he worked as a postdoctoral fellow for two years.
+He was appointed Assistant Professor in 1992 and Associate Professor in 1996 in the department of Automated Production Engineering at the {\'Ecole de Technologie Sup\'erieure de l'Universit\'e du Qu\'ebec} in Montreal.
+His research focuses on image processing, pattern recognition, character recognition, text processing, handwritten documents analysis and recognition, and perception.
+Dr Cheriet is a member of IEEE and an actif member at CENPARMI.
+He has published over 30 technical papers in the field.
+\end{biography}
+
+\vspace*{-9mm}
+
+\begin{biography}
+{Ching Y. Suen}
+joined the Department of Computer Science of Concordia University, Montreal, in 1972. Presently he is the Director of CENPARMI, the Centre for Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence of Concordia.
+Prof. Suen is the author/editor of 11 books on subjects ranging from computer Vision and Shape recognition, Handwriting Recognition and Expert Systems, to Computational Analysis of Mandarin and Chinese.
+Dr. Suen is the author of more than 250 papers on these subjects.
+A fellow of the IEEE, IAPR, and the Royal Society of Canada, Dr. Suen is an Associate Editor of several journals related to Pattern Recognition.
+He is the Past President of the Canadian Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Society, and the Chinese Language Computer Society. He is Founder or Co-founder of several conferences, including Vision Interface, IWFHR, and ICDAR.
+Prof. Suen is the recipient of several awards for outstanding contributions to pattern recognition, expert systems, and computational linguistics.
+\end{biography}
+
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/ijdargui.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/ijdargui.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6dbd2ede1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/ijdargui.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/ijdargui.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/ijdargui.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8effeeed01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/ijdargui.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\makeatletter
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
+\renewenvironment{decl}[1][]%
+ {\par\small\addvspace{2.3ex}%
+ \vskip -\parskip
+ \ifx\relax#1\relax
+ \def\@decl@date{}%
+ \else
+ \def\@decl@date{\NEWfeature{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\hspace{-\leftmargini}%
+ \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\ignorespaces}%
+ {\\\hline\end{tabular}\nobreak\@decl@date\par\nobreak
+ \vspace{2.3ex plus 1ex}\vskip -\parskip}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+%
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parskip 0\p@ \@plus 1\p@
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \topsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@\relax}
+\@listI
+\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount}
+\makeatother
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement for\\
+\textit{International Journal on\\
+Document Analysis and Recognition}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1998, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{13 February 1998}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{ijdar} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for the \emph{International Journal on
+Document Analysis and Recognition} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[ijdar]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described in
+the main \emph{User guide}.
+
+\section{Extra commands}
+
+There is one additional environment:
+\begin{decl}
+|\begin{biography}|\arg{name}\\
+|<Curriculum Vitae>|\\
+|\end{biography}|
+\end{decl}
+which usually follows the references section.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a00c50c97c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for the International Journal on
+% Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR)
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for "IJDAR"
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ svijdar.clo The class option file for IJDAR
+ ijdargui.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+ example.* Example of an article (tex, dvi, ps [also in psoutput.zip])
+ figures.zip PS files needed by the sample file
+ psoutput.zip PS files of the above mentioned DVIs,
+ compressed due to their size. The file example.ps
+ contains a ready to print version that can be produced
+ at the publisher only, when page numbers are fixed
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/svijdar.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/svijdar.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..de9ec6295d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/svijdar.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION IJDAR - International Journal on
+% Document Analysis and Recognition
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svijdar.clo}
+ [1998/02/13 v1.0
+ style option for IJDAR]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svijdar.clo for^^JInternational
+Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition}
+\DeclareOption{leqno}{\input{leqno.clo}}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,twocolumn,10pt,fleqn}
+\let\if@mathematic\iffalse
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{10.5dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{15dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{39.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{640dd}
+%
+\def\ijdarrunnhead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>2
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \unhbox\titrun}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: The running head built automatically from
+ \string\author\space and \string\title
+ ^^Jexceeds the pagewidth, please supply a shorter form
+ ^^Jwith \string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@author}%
+}
+%
+\def\biography#1{\par\addvspace{21dd}\small\noindent
+{\bfseries#1\unskip\ }\ignorespaces}
+\def\endbiography{\par\addvspace{12pt}}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\if@runhead\iftrue
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\ijdarrunnhead
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\ignorespaces\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-1pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-1pt}{\normalsize}}
+\def\sectcounterend{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}
+\let\remark\relax
+\let\proof\relax
+\spnewtheorem*{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rm}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof\runinend}{\itshape}{\rm}
+\def\claimname{Claim}{\itshape}{\rm}
+\def\proofname{Proof}{\itshape}{\rm}
+\def\keywordname{{\bf Key words:}}
+\journalname{International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition}
+}
+%%
+%% End of copy of file `svijdar.clo'.
+\endinput
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b805fab61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for the International Journal on
+% Document Analysis and Recognition
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[ijdar,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author and Second author% etc
+% The present address - made with \thanks - is optional,
+% remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\hsize}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijdar/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/ijodlgui.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/ijodlgui.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..33ece48eb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/ijodlgui.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/ijodlgui.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/ijodlgui.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..078e74b889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/ijodlgui.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/ijodlgui.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/ijodlgui.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..afff41bb6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/ijodlgui.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\makeatletter
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
+\renewenvironment{decl}[1][]%
+ {\par\small\addvspace{2.3ex}%
+ \vskip -\parskip
+ \ifx\relax#1\relax
+ \def\@decl@date{}%
+ \else
+ \def\@decl@date{\NEWfeature{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\hspace{-\leftmargini}%
+ \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\ignorespaces}%
+ {\\\hline\end{tabular}\nobreak\@decl@date\par\nobreak
+ \vspace{2.3ex plus 1ex}\vskip -\parskip}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+%
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parskip 0\p@ \@plus 1\p@
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \topsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@\relax}
+\@listI
+\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount}
+\makeatother
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement for the\\
+\textit{International Journal on Digital Libraries (IJODL)}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1997, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{19 Febrary 1998}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{ijodl} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can begin a document for
+the \emph{International Journal on Digital Libraries} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[ijodl]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described in
+the main \emph{User guide}.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/iodlgui.ps b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/iodlgui.ps
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e302b16cb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/iodlgui.ps
@@ -0,0 +1,1854 @@
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0
+%%Title: ijodlgui.dvi
+%%Creator: DVIPSONE 1.2.11 1996 Mar 7 22:36:37 SN 1362
+%%CreationDate: 1998 Apr 23 13:09:50
+%%BoundingBox: 72 139 477 769
+%%Pages: 1
+%%PageOrder: Ascend
+%%DocumentSuppliedResources: font cmr17 cmcsc10 cmti12 cmr12 cmsy10 cmbx12
+%%+ font cmr10 cmti10 cmr7 cmmi10 cmtt9
+%%+ procset dvipream 1 2
+%%Copyright: (C) 1990--1996, Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved. (508) 371-3286
+%%EndComments
+% Command:
+% C:\DVIPSONE\DVIPSONE.EXE -v -s=arborcom -l=a4 -b= -e= ijodlgui.dvi
+% TeX output 1998.04.23:1309
+%%BeginProlog
+/dvidict 268 dict def
+%%BeginResource: procset dvipream 1 2
+% DVIPSONE preamble version 1.2.11 (1996 Feb 28)
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+ 128 notdef]def
+end % dvidict
+dvidict begin
+% texnansi encoding
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+ n/fraction n/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl
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+/parenleft/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash
+/zero/one/two/three/four/five/six/seven
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+/at/A/B/C/D/E/F/G
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+/lslash/quoteleft/quoteright/quotedblleft/quotedblright/bullet/endash/emdash
+/tilde/trademark/scaron/guilsinglright/oe/zcaron/asciitilde/Ydieresis
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+/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guillemotleft/logicalnot/hyphen/registered/macron
+/degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu/paragraph/periodcentered
+/cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guillemotright/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown
+/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla
+/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute/Icircumflex/Idieresis
+/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis/multiply
+/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls
+/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla
+/egrave/eacute/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis
+/eth/ntilde/ograve/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide
+/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def
+%%EndProlog
+%%BeginSetup
+dvidict begin
+%%BeginResource: font cmr17
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR17 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:59
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR17) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmr17 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-232 -250 945 963}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000795 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+cleartomark
+
+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmcsc10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMCSC10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Jun 07 22:11:03
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMCSC10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmcsc10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-276 -250 1077 969}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000772 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTI12 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:19
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMTI12) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
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+end readonly def
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+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
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+currentdict end
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmr12
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR12 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Jun 07 22:11:29
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR12) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmr12 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-246 -251 988 968}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000794 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:09
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
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+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Aug 11 21:18:25
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
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+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
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+end readonly def
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+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
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+currentdict end
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmti10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTI10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:16
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMTI10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmti10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-163 -250 1146 969}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000828 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%%BeginResource: font cmr7
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR7 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:55:08
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR7) readonly def
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+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
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+end readonly def
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+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
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+currentdict end
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+33496 r(l)s
+312904 r
+f6(option)S(for)S(the)S
+f8(SVJour)s u w
+f6(L)s u
+-134347 d u
+-235930 r
+f9(A)s O
+52617 r
+f6(T)s u
+-109250 r
+141084 d(E)s o
+254840 r(X)s
+98300 r(2)s u
+98303 d
+f10(")s O
+2936616 r
+f6(do)T(cumen)s
+-18205 r(t)s o
+786432 Y u
+4063232 r(class.)s
+280790 r(F)s
+-54614 r(or)s
+187011 W(details)S(on)S(man)s
+-18205 X(uscript)S(handling)S(and)S(the)S(review)S(pro)s
+18205 r(cess)S(w)T(e)S(refer)S(to)S(the)s o y u
+4063232 r
+f7(Instructions)s
+212026 W(for)S(authors)s
+247849 r
+f6(in)s
+194056 W(the)S(prin)s
+-18205 X(ted)S(journal.)s
+283139 r(F)s
+-54614 r(or)S(st)T(yle)S(matters)S(please)S(consult)s o y u
+4063232 r(previous)s
+218453 W(issues)S(of)S(the)S(journal.)s o
+2560452 d U
+4063232 r
+f5(2)s o
+5655755 r(Initializing)s
+353894 W(the)S(class)s o z u
+4063232 r
+f6(As)s
+220539 W(explained)S(in)S(the)S(main)S
+f7(Users)s
+236390 r(guide)s
+269782 r
+f6(y)s
+-18205 r(ou)S(can)S(b)s
+18205 X(egin)S(a)S(do)T(cumen)s
+-18205 r(t)S(for)S(the)S
+f7(Inter-)s o y u
+4063232 r(national)s
+234471 W(Journal)S(on)S(Digital)S(Libr)s
+-33497 r(aries)s
+272246 r
+f6(b)s
+-18205 r(y)s
+218453 r(including)s o
+1376256 d u
+4992194 r
+f11(\\documentclass[ijodl]{svjour})s o
+1441792 d u
+4063232 r
+f6(as)s
+247899 W(the)S(\frst)S(line)S(in)S(y)s
+-18205 r(our)S(text.)s
+379610 r(All)S(other)S(options)S(are)S(also)S(describ)s
+18205 r(ed)S(in)S(the)S(main)s o y u
+4063232 r
+f7(User)s
+234471 r(guide)s
+f6(.)s O
+1966080 d u
+15204352 r(1)s O
+eop % [1]
+end % dvidict
+%%PageTrailer
+%%Trailer
+%%EOF
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0527c52c7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for the International Journal on Digital Libraries (IJODL)
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+"International Journal on Digital Libraries (IJODL)"
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf)
+ svijodl.clo The class option file for IJODL
+ ijodlgui.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, pdf)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+ in due course:
+ example.* Example of an article
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/svijodl.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/svijodl.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a2732451f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/svijodl.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION IJODL -- International Journal on
+% Digital Libraries (IJODL)
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svijodl.clo}
+ [1998/04/23 v1.0
+ style option for the International Journal on
+ Digital Libraries]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svijodl.clo for the Int.
+ Journal on Digital Libraries}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,twocolumn,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{12}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.55\p@ \@plus4\p@ \@minus5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\newcommand\footnotesize{%
+ \@setfontsize\footnotesize\@viiipt{9.5}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \topsep 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \itemsep \parsep}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width 1.9cm%.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{17.8cm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{640dd}
+\setlength\columnsep{6mm}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
+\setlength\headsep {14\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-60pt}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@fpsep{8\p@ \@plus 2fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{8\p@ \@plus 2fil}
+\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\footnotesize}
+%
+\def\ijodlrunnhead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>2
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \unhbox\titrun}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: The running head built automatically from
+ \string\author\space and \string\title
+ ^^Jexceeds the pagewidth, please supply a shorter form
+ ^^Jwith \string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@author}%
+}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\ijodlrunnhead
+\logodepth=1.3cm%
+\headerboxheight=202.23pt%
+\aftertext=2mm%
+\def\keywordname{{\bf Key words:}}
+\def\mailname{{\it Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\betweenumberspace{2.5mm}%
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\hfil}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\hfil\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\sectcounterend{}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.\hskip 1mm}%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{15dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-15dd plus-3pt minus-3pt}{13dd plus 3pt
+ minus3pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-2pt minus-2pt}{10dd plus 2pt
+ minus2pt}{\normalsize}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-10.5dd plus-2pt minus-2pt}{-1pt}{\normalsize\it}}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+%
+\def\smallskip{\vspace\medskipamount\noindent}
+\let\medskip\smallskip
+\let\bigskip\smallskip
+%
+\def\ijodl@spynthm#1#2#3#4{{\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+\ijodl@spynthm{property}{Property}{\bf}{\rm}
+\ijodl@spynthm{question}{Question}{\bf}{\rm}
+\ijodl@spynthm{definition}{Definition}{\bf}{\rm}
+%
+\journalname{International Journal on Digital Libraries}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svijodl.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ba68424c05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for the International Journal on
+% Digital Libraries (IJODL)
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[ijodl,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author and Second author% etc
+% The present address - made with \thanks - is optional,
+% remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\hsize}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/ijodl/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/invmat.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/invmat.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f39a314970
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/invmat.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/invmat.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/invmat.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..efcca89f5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/invmat.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/readme.txt b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78698d049b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+% readme.txt
+% LaTeX class for Inventiones mathematicae
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "Inventiones mathematicae"
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+ readme.txt This file
+ svjour.cls Core document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* Main User's Guide (PDF and DVI)
+ svinvmat.clo Class option file for Inventiones mathematicae
+ invmat.* User's Guide for Inventiones mathematicae (PDF and DVI)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+
+INSTALLATION
+
+Copy svjour.cls and svinvmat.clo to a place where LaTeX can find them.
+
+
+GETTING STARTED
+
+You should first read the "Main User's Guide" to get an overview
+and then the "User's Guide for Inventiones mathematicae" for special
+instructions concerning this journal. Alternatively to reading the
+entire documentation, it is also possible to proceed by merely filling
+out the template and then looking up additional commands as needed.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/svinvmat.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/svinvmat.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..db9ff3e73a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/svinvmat.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION INVMAT -- Inventiones mathematicae
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svinvmat.clo}
+ [1999/03/10 v1.1
+ style option for Inventiones mathematicae]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svinvmat.clo for Inventiones mathematicae}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xipt\@xiipt
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\sectcounterend{.}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}%
+\journalname{Inventiones mathematicae}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svinvmat.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/template.tex
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@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Inventiones mathematicae
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% First comes an example EPS file -- just ignore it and
+% proceed on the \documentclass line
+\begin{filecontents*}{example.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 19 19 221 221
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 29 1997
+%%Creator: programmed by hand (JK)
+%%EndComments
+gsave
+newpath
+ 20 20 moveto
+ 20 220 lineto
+ 220 220 lineto
+ 220 20 lineto
+closepath
+2 setlinewidth
+gsave
+ .4 setgray fill
+grestore
+stroke
+grestore
+\end{filecontents*}
+%
+\documentclass[invmat,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{example.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/invmat/usrguide.dvi
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/example/example.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,972 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% An example input file demonstrating the agp option of the SVJour %
+% document class for the journal: Journal of Geodesy %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\documentclass[jog]{svjour}
+
+\usepackage{graphics}
+\usepackage{epsfig}
+\usepackage{amssymb}
+%
+\usepackage{times}
+% \usepackage{mathtime}
+%
+\sloppy
+%
+\newcommand{\EEE}{\mbox{$\mathbb{E}$}}
+\newcommand{\CCC}{\mbox{$\mathbb{C}$}}
+\newcommand{\RRR}{\mbox{$\mathbb{R}$}}
+\newcommand{\MMM}{\mbox{$\mathbb{M}$}}
+%
+\journalname{Journal of Geodesy}
+%
+\begin{document}
+\title{The solution of the Korn--Lichtenstein equations of conformal mapping:}
+\subtitle{The direct generation of ellipsoidal Gau{\ss}--Kr\"{u}ger conformal
+coordinates or the Transverse Mercator Projection}
+\author{E.W. Grafarend \and R. Syffus}
+\institute{Department of Geodetic Science, Stuttgart University,
+Geschwister-Scholl-Str. 24D, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany\\
+e-mail: grafarend@gis.uni-stuttgart.de}
+\date{Received: 3 June 1997 / Accepted: 17 November 1997}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\abstract{The differential equations which generate a general conformal
+mapping of a two-dimensional {\em Riemann manifold\/} found by Korn and
+Lichtenstein are reviewed. The {\em Korn--Lichtenstein equations\/}
+subject to the integrability conditions of type vectorial {\em
+Laplace--Beltrami equations\/} are solved for the geometry of an
+ellipsoid of revolution (International Reference Ellipsoid),
+specifically, in the function space of bivariate polynomials in terms of
+surface normal ellipsoidal longitude and ellipsoidal latitude. The
+related coefficient constraints are collected in two corollaries. We
+present the constraints to the general solution of the
+Korn--Lichtenstein equations which directly generates {\em
+Gau{\ss}--Kr\"{u}ger\/} conformal coordinates as well as the {\em Universal
+Transverse Mercator Projection\/} (UTM) avoiding any intermediate
+isometric coordinate representation. Namely, the equidistant mapping of
+a meridian of reference generates the constraints in question. Finally,
+the detailed computation of the solution is given in terms of bivariate
+polynomials up to degree five with coefficients listed in closed form.
+\keywords{Korn-Lichtenstein-equations $\cdot$ Conformal mapping $\cdot$
+Ellipsoid of revolution}}
+
+\strich
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 1 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:1}
+
+Conventionally, conformal coordinates/conformal charts of the surface of
+the Earth, represented as an ellipsoid of revolution, the geodetic
+reference figure, are generated by a two-step-procedure. First,
+conformal coordinates (isometric coordinates, isothermal coordinates) of
+type UMP (Universal Mercator Projection, Example 1) or UPS (Universal
+Polar Stereographic Projection, Example 2) are derived from geodetic
+coordinates such as surface normal ellipsoidal longitude/ellipsoidal
+latitude. UMP is classified as a conformal mapping on a circular
+cylinder while UPS refers to a conformal mapping onto a polar tangential
+plane with respect to an ellipsoid of revolution (azimuthal mapping).
+The conformal coordinates of type UMP or UPS, respectively, are
+consequently complexified, just describing the two-dimensional Riemann
+manifold of the type of ellipsoid of revolution as a one-dimensional
+complex manifold. Namely, the real-valued conformal coordinates $(x,y)$
+of type UMP or UPS, respectively, are transformed into the
+complex-valued conformal coordinate $z = x + iy$. Secondly, the
+conformal coordinates $(x,y) \sim z$ of type UMP or UPS, respectively,
+are transformed into another set of conformal coordinates, called
+Gau{\ss}--Kr\"{u}ger or UTM, by means of holomorphic functions $w(z),
+w:=u+iv \in \Bbb{C}$ with respect to complex algebra and complex
+analysis. Indeed holomorphic functions fulfil the d'Alembert--Euler
+equations (Cauchy--Riemann equations) of conformal mapping as outlined
+by Grafarend (1995), for instance.
+
+This two-step-procedure has at least two basic disadvantages. On the one
+hand, it is in general difficult to set up a first set of conformal
+coordinates. For instance, due to involved difficulties the
+Philosophical Faculty of the University of G\"{o}ttingen Georgia Augusta
+dated 13 June 1857 set up the ``Preisaufgabe'' to find a conformal
+mapping of the triaxial ellipsoid. Based upon Jacobi's contribution on
+elliptic coordinates \citep{jac39} the ``Preisschrift'' of
+\citet{scher57} was finally crowned, nevertheless leaving the numerical
+problem open as to how to construct a conformal map of the triaxial
+ellipsoid of type UTM. For an excellent survey we refer to
+\citet{kli82}, \citet{schm27}, and, recently, \citet{mul91}. There is
+another disadvantage of the two-step procedure. The equivalence between
+two-dimensional real-valued Riemann manifolds and one-dimensional
+complex-valued manifolds holds only for analytical Riemann manifolds. In
+\citet{graf95a} we gave two counterexamples of surfaces of revolution
+which are from the differentiability class $C^\infty$, but are not
+analytical. Accordingly, the theory of holomorphic functions does not
+apply. Finally one encounters great difficulties in generalizing the
+theory of conformal mappings to higher-dimensional (pseudo-) Riemann
+manifolds. Only for even-dimensional (pseudo-) Riemann manifolds of
+analytical type can multidimensional complex analysis be established; we
+experience a total failure for odd-dimensional (pseudo-) Riemann
+manifolds as they appear in the theory of refraction, Newton mechanics,
+plumbline computation, to list just a few conformally flat
+three-dimensional Riemann manifolds.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\parbox[t]{8.5cm}{
+\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}
+\begin{picture}(8,6.7)
+\put(0.3,5){\fbox{\shortstack{general coordinates\\(chart)\\parameters of $\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$}}}
+\put(4.5,4.5){\fbox{\shortstack{isometric coordinates\\(conformal coordinates)\\of type Mercator\\Projection of $\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$\\``complexification''}}}
+\put(4.5,0.5){\fbox{\shortstack{isometric coordinates\\(conformal coordinates)\\of type Gau{\ss}--Kr\"{u}ger\\of $\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$\\(Transverse Mercator\\Projection)}}}
+\put(0.6,2.4){\mbox{\shortstack{Korn--Lichtenstein\\path}}}
+\put(3.8,5.5){\vector(1,0){0.7}}
+\put(6.5,4.3){\vector(0,-1){1.2}}
+\put(1.7,4.75){\vector(1,-1){2.75}}
+\end{picture}}
+\caption[]{Change from one conformal chart to another conformal chart
+(c:c:Cha-Cha-Cha) according to a proposal of Gau{\ss} (1822,1844); first
+conformal coordinates: Mercator Projection, second conformal
+coordinates: Transverse Mercator Projection, ellipsoid of revolution
+$\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$}
+\label{fig:1}
+\end{figure}
+
+The theory of conformal mapping took quite a different direction when
+\citet{kor14} as well as \citet{li11,li16} set up their general
+differential equations for two-dimensional Riemann manifolds which
+govern conformality. They allow the straightforward transformation of
+ellipsoidal coordinates of type surface normal longitude $L$ and
+latitude $B$ into conformal coordinates of type Gau{\ss}--Kr\"{u}ger or
+UTM $(x,y)$ without any intermediate conformal coordinate system of type
+UMP or UPS! Accordingly our objective here is the proof of this
+statement.
+
+Section~\ref{sec:2} offers a review of the Korn--Lichtenstein equations
+of conformal mapping subject to the integrability conditions which are
+vectorial Laplace--Beltrami equations on a curved surface, here with the
+metric of the ellipsoid of revolution. Two examples, namely UMP and UPS,
+are chosen to show that the mapping equations $x(L,B)$, $y(L,B)$ fulfil
+the Korn--Lichtenstein equations as well as the Laplace--Beltrami
+equations. In addition, we present in the Appendix a fresh derivation of
+the Korn--Lichtenstein equations of conformal mapping for a (pseudo-)
+Riemann manifold of arbitrary dimension extending initial results for
+three-dimensional manifolds of Riemann type given by \citet{zund87}. The
+standard Korn--Lichtenstein equations of a conformal mapping of a
+two-dimensional Riemann manifold can be taken from standard textbooks
+like \citet{bla73} or \citet{hei88}.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\parbox[t]{8.5cm}{
+\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}
+\begin{picture}(8,6.7)
+\put(0.3,5){\fbox{\shortstack{general coordinates\\(chart)\\parameters of $\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$}}}
+\put(4.5,4.5){\fbox{\shortstack{isometric coordinates\\(conformal coordinates)\\of type Polar Stereogra-\\phic Projection of $\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$\\``complexification''}}}
+\put(4.5,0.5){\fbox{\shortstack{isometric coordinates\\(conformal coordinates)\\of type Gau{\ss}--Kr\"{u}ger\\of $\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$\\(Transverse Mercator\\Projection)}}}
+\put(0.6,2.4){\mbox{\shortstack{Korn--Lichtenstein\\path}}}
+\put(3.8,5.5){\vector(1,0){0.7}}
+\put(6.5,4.3){\vector(0,-1){1.2}}
+\put(1.7,4.75){\vector(1,-1){2.75}}
+\end{picture}}
+\caption[]{Change from one conformal chart to another conformal chart
+(c:c:Cha-Cha-Cha) according to a proposal of Kr\"{u}ger (1922); first
+conformal coordinates: Polar Stereographic Projection, second conformal
+coordinates: Transverse Mercator Projection, ellipsoid of revolution
+$\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$}
+\label{fig:2}
+\end{figure}
+
+Section~\ref{sec:3} aims at a solution of the partial differential
+equations of type Laplace--Beltrami (second-order) as well as
+Korn--Lichtenstein (first-order) in the function space of bivariate
+polynomials $x(l,b)$, $y(l,b)$, $l:=L-L_0$, $b:=B-B_0$. The coefficient
+constraints are collected in {\em Corollaries~\ref{cor:1}} and
+{\em\ref{cor:2}}. Note that the solution space is different from that of
+separation of variables type known to geodesists from the analysis of
+the three-dimensional Laplace--Beltrami equation of the gravitational
+potential field. For a related discussion see \citet{graf95a}.
+
+Finally, Sect~\ref{sec:4} outlines the constraints to the general
+solution of the Korn--Lichtenstein equations subject to the
+integrability conditions of type Laplace--Beltrami equations, which
+leads directly to the conformal coordinates of type Gau{\ss}--Kr\"{u}ger
+or UTM. Such a solution is generated by the equidistant mapping of the
+meridian of reference $L_0$ (for UTM up to a dilatation factor) as the
+proper constraint $(x(0,b)=0, y(0,b)$ given$)$. The highlight is the
+theorem which gives the solution of the partial differential equations
+for the conformal mapping in terms of a conformal set of bivariate
+polynomials. Throughout, we use a right-handed coordinate system, namely
+$x$ ``Easting'', $y$ ``Northing''. Table~4 and 5 % Not in this article!
+contain the non-vanishing polynomial coefficients in a closed form.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 2 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{The equations governing conformal mapping and their fundamental
+solution}
+\label{sec:2}
+
+We are concerned here with a conformal mapping of the biaxial ellipsoid
+$\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$ (ellipsoid of revolution, spheroid, semi-major
+axis $A_1$, semi-minor axis $A_2$) embedded in a three-dimensional
+Euclidean manifold $\Bbb{E}^3=\{\Bbb{R}^3,\delta_{ij}\}$ with standard
+canonical metric $[\delta_{ij}]$, the Kronecker delta of 1's in the
+diagonal, of zeros in the off-diagonal, namely by means of
+\begin{eqnarray}
+X^1 &= &\frac{A_1\cos B \cos L}{\sqrt{1-E^2\sin^2B}}, \nonumber \\
+X^2 &= &\frac{A_1\cos B \sin L}{\sqrt{1-E^2\sin^2B}} \\
+X^3 &= &\frac{A_1(1-E^2) \sin B}{\sqrt{1-E^2\sin^2B}} \nonumber
+\label{eq:1}
+\end{eqnarray}
+introducing surface normal ellipsoidal longitude $L$ and surface normal
+ellipsoidal latitude $B$. $E^2:=(A^2_1-A^2_2)/A^2_1=1-A^2_2/A^2_1$
+denotes the first relative eccentricity squared. According to $(L,B) \in
+[-\pi,\pi) \times (-\pi/2,+\pi/2)$ we exclude from the domain $(L,B)$
+North and South Pole. Thus $(L,B)$ constitutes only a first chart of
+$\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$; a minimal atlas of $\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$ based
+on two charts, which covers all points of the ellipsoid of revolution is
+given in detail by \citet{graf95b}.
+
+Conformal coordinates $(x,y)$ (isometric coordinates, isothermal
+coordinates) are constructed from the surface normal ellipsoidal
+coordinates $(L,B)$ as solutions of the Korn--Lichtenstein equations
+(conformal change from one chart to another chart, c:Cha-Cha-Cha)
+\begin{equation}
+\left[\begin{array}{c}
+ x_L\\
+ x_B
+ \end{array}
+\right] = \frac{1}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}
+\left[\begin{array}{cc}
+ -F&E\\
+ -G&F
+ \end{array}
+\right]
+\left[\begin{array}{c}
+ y_L\\
+ y_B
+ \end{array}
+\right]
+\label{eq:2}
+\end{equation}
+subject to the integrability conditions
+\begin{displaymath}
+x_{LB}=x_{BL},\quad y_{LB}=y_{BL}
+\end{displaymath}
+or
+\begin{eqnarray}
+\Delta_{LB}x := \left(\frac{E_{x_B}-F_{x_L}}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}\right)_B
++ \left(\frac{G_{x_L}-F_{x_B}}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}\right)_L &= &0 \nonumber \\
+[-5pt] & &\\ [-5pt]
+\Delta_{LB}y := \left(\frac{E_{y_B}-F_{y_L}}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}\right)_B
++ \left(\frac{G_{y_L}-F_{y_B}}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}\right)_L &= &0 \nonumber
+\label{eq:3}
+\end{eqnarray}
+and
+\begin{equation}
+\left|\begin{array}{cc}
+ x_L&x_B\\
+ y_L&y_B
+ \end{array}
+\right|=(x_Ly_B-x_By_L)>0
+\label{eq:4}
+\end{equation}
+(orientation conserving conformeomorphism)
+\begin{displaymath}
+\left[G_{MN}\right]:=\left[\begin{array}{cc}
+ E&F\\
+ F&G\end{array}
+ \right]
+\forall M,N \in \{1,2\}
+\end{displaymath}
+defines the matrix of the metric of the first fundamental form of
+$\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$. $\Delta_{LB}x=0,\,\Delta_{LB}y=0$, respectively,
+are called the vectorial Laplace--Beltrami equations.
+
+A derivation of the Korn--Lichtenstein equations is given in the
+Appendix. Here we are interested in some examples of map projections of
+conformal type which are solutions of the Korn--Lichtenstein equations
+[Eq. (\ref{eq:2})] subject to the integrability condition [Eq.
+(\ref{eq:3})] and the condition of orientation conservation [Eq.
+(\ref{eq:4})].
+
+\begin{example}\label{ex:1}
+Universal Mercator Projection (UMP)
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+x &= &A_1L \\
+y &= &A_1\ln\left(\tan\left(\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{B}{2}\right)
+\left[\frac{1-E\sin B}{1+E\sin B}\right]^{E/2}\right)
+\end{eqnarray*}
+The matrix of the metric of the ellipsoid of revolution
+$\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$ is represented by
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+\left[G_{MN}\right]
+ \!=\! \left[\begin{array}{cc}
+ E&F\\F&G\end{array}
+ \right] \!=\! \left[\begin{array}{cc}
+ {\displaystyle\frac{A^2_1\cos^2B}{1-E^2\sin^2B}}&0\\
+ 0&{\displaystyle\frac{A^2_1(1-E^2)^2}{(1-E^2\sin^2B)^3}}
+ \end{array}
+ \right]
+\end{eqnarray*}
+The mapping equations of the UMP imply
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+x_L &= &A_1, \quad x_B = 0, \\
+y_L &= &0, \quad y_B = {\frac{A_1(1-E^2)}{(1-E^2\sin^2B)\cos B}}
+\end{eqnarray*}
+Korn--Lichtenstein equations
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+x_L &= &\sqrt{E/G}y_B, \quad x_B = -\sqrt{G/E}y_L \quad \mathrm{or} \\
+y_L &= &-\sqrt{E/G}x_B, \quad y_B=\sqrt{G/E}x_L
+\end{eqnarray*}
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+& &\sqrt{E/G} = \cos B\frac{1-E^2\sin^2B}{1-E^2} \quad \Longrightarrow \\
+& &y_B = \frac{A_1(1-E^2)}{(1-E^2\sin^2B)\cos B} \qquad q.e.d.
+\end{eqnarray*}
+integrability conditions
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+\Delta_{LB}x &= &\left(\sqrt{\frac{E}{G}}x_B\right)_B+\left(\sqrt{\frac{G}{E}}x_L\right)_L=0, \\
+\Delta_{LB}y &= &\left(\sqrt{\frac{E}{G}}y_B\right)_B+\left(\sqrt{\frac{G}{E}}y_L\right)_L=0
+\end{eqnarray*}
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+& &\sqrt{{E}/{G}}x_B = 0, \\
+& &\sqrt{{G}/{E}}x_L = {\frac{A_1(1-E^2)}{(1-E^2-\sin^2B)\cos B}}, \\
+& &(\sqrt{{G}/{E}}x_L)_L = 0, \\
+& &\sqrt{{E}/{G}}y_B = A_1, \\
+& &(\sqrt{{E}/{G}}y_B)_B = 0, \\
+& &(\sqrt{{G}/{E}}y_L) = 0 \qquad q.e.d.
+\end{eqnarray*}
+orientation conserving conformeomorphism
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+\left|\begin{array}{cc}
+ x_L&x_B\\
+ y_L&y_B\end{array}
+\right| = x_Ly_B-x_By_L = {\frac{A^2_1(1-E^2)}{(1-E^2\sin^2B)\cos B}>0}
+\end{eqnarray*}
+due to
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+-\pi /2<B<+\pi /2 \rightarrow \cos B>0 \qquad q.e.d.
+\end{eqnarray*}
+
+The UMP solution of the Korn--Lichtenstein equations subject to the
+vectorial Laplace--Beltrami equations as integrability conditions and
+the condition of orientation conservation is based on the constraint of
+the following type. Map the equator equidistantly, i.e.
+$x(B=0)=A_1\Lambda$.
+\end{example}
+
+\begin{example}\label{ex:2}
+Universal Polar Stereographic Projection (UPS)
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+x &= &\frac{2A_1}{\sqrt{1-E^2}}\left(\frac{1-E}{1+E}\right)^{E/2} \\
+& &\times\,\tan\left(\frac{\pi}{4}-\frac{B}{2}\right)\left[\frac{1+E\sin B}{1-E\sin B}\right]^{E/2}\cos L\\
+y &= &\frac{2A_1}{\sqrt{1-E^2}}\left(\frac{1-E}{1+E}\right)^{E/2} \\
+& &\times\,\tan\left(\frac{\pi}{4}-\frac{B}{2}\right)\left[\frac{1+E\sin B}{1-E\sin B}\right]^{E/2}\sin L
+\end{eqnarray*}
+The matrix of the metric of the ellipsoid of revolution
+$\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$ is represented by
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+\left[G_{MN}\right] \!=\!
+ \left[\begin{array}{cc}
+ E&F\\
+ F&G\end{array}\right]
+ \!=\! \left[\begin{array}{cc}
+ {\displaystyle\frac{A^2_1\cos^2B}{1-E^2\sin^2 B}}&0\\
+ 0&{\displaystyle\frac{A^2_1(1-E^2)^2}{(1-E^2\sin^2 B)^3}}
+\end{array}\right]
+\end{eqnarray*}
+The mapping equations of the UPS imply
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+x_L &= &-f(B)\sin L, \quad x_B = f'(B) \cos L \\
+y_L &= &f(B) \cos L, \quad y_B=f'(B)\sin L
+\end{eqnarray*}
+subject to
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+f(B) &:= &\frac{2A_1}{\sqrt{1-E^2}}\left(\frac{1-E}{1+E}\right)^{E/2} \\
+& &\times\,\tan\left(\frac{\pi}{4}-\frac{B}{2}\right)\left[\frac{1+E\sin B}{1-E\sin B}\right]^{E/2}\\
+f'(B) &:= &\frac{-2A_1}{\sqrt{1-E^2}}\left(\frac{1-E}{1+E}\right)^{E/2}\left(\frac{1-E^2}{1-E^2\sin^2B}\right) \\
+& &\times\,\left[\frac{1+E\sin B}{1-E\sin B}\right]^{E/2}\frac{\tan\left(\displaystyle{\frac{\pi}{4}-\frac{B}{2}}\right)}{\cos B} \\
+& &=\,\frac{-(1-E^2)}{\cos B(1-E^2\sin^2B)}f(B)
+\end{eqnarray*}
+Korn--Lichtenstein equations
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+x_L &= &\sqrt{E/G}y_B, \quad x_B=-\sqrt{G/E}y_L \quad \mathrm{or} \\
+y_L &= &-\sqrt{E/G}x_B, \quad y_B=\sqrt{G/E}x_L
+\end{eqnarray*}
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+\sqrt{E/G}=\cos B\frac{1-E^2\sin^2B}{1-E^2} \Longrightarrow
+\end{eqnarray*}
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+y_B &= &-\frac{1-E^2}{\cos B(1-E^2\sin^2B)}f(B)\sin L \\
+ &= &f'(B)\sin L\quad\quad q.e.d.\\
+ &&\\
+y_L &= &-\frac{\cos B(1-E^2\sin^2B)}{1-E^2}f'(B)\cos L \\
+ &= &f(B)\cos L\quad\quad q.e.d.
+\end{eqnarray*}\\
+\end{example}
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 3 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{A fundamental solution for the Korn--Lichtenstein equations}
+\label{sec:3}
+
+For the biaxial ellipsoid $\Bbb{E}^2_{A_1,A_2}$ we shall construct a
+fundamental solution of the ellipsoidal Korn--Lichtenstein equations for
+conformal mapping [Eq. (\ref{eq:2})] subject to the vectorial
+Laplace--Beltrami equations [Eq. (\ref{eq:3})]. The condition of
+orientation conservation [Eq. (\ref{eq:4})] is automatically fulfilled:
+\setcounter{equation}{0}%
+\renewcommand{\theequation}{5\alph{equation}}%
+\begin{eqnarray}
+x_L &= &\sqrt{E/G}y_B, \quad x_B=-\sqrt{G/E}y_L \quad \mbox{or}
+\nonumber \\
+y_L &= &-\sqrt{E/G}x_B, \quad y_B=\sqrt{G/E}x_L
+\label{eq:5a}
+\end{eqnarray}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+(\sqrt{G/E}x_L)_L &+ &(\sqrt{E/G}x_B)_B=0,
+\nonumber \\
+(\sqrt{G/E}y_L)_L &+ &(\sqrt{E/G}y_B)_B=0
+\label{eq:5b}
+\end{eqnarray}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+x_Ly_B-x_By_L=\sqrt{G/E}x^2_L+\sqrt{E/G}x^2_B > 0
+\label{eq:5c}
+\end{eqnarray}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+\sqrt{G/E}\in R^+, \quad
+\sqrt{E/G}\in R^+
+\label{eq:5d}
+\end{eqnarray}
+\renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}
+
+\begin{table*}
+\caption[]{Taylor expansion of $r(B):=\sqrt{E/G}=\cos B(1-E^2\sin^2 B)/
+(1-E^2)=\scriptstyle\sum\limits_{n=0}^N\textstyle\frac{1}{n!}r^{(n)}
+(B_0)b^n=\scriptstyle\sum\limits_{n=0}^N\textstyle r_nb^n$ up to order
+three}
+\begin{tabular*}{\hsize}{@{\hspace{0pt}}l@{\hspace{10pt}}l}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+$\displaystyle{r_0} = \frac{\cos B_0(1-E^2\sin^2B_0)}{1-E^2}$
+&$\displaystyle{r_1} = -\frac{\sin B_0(1+2E^2-3E^2\sin^2B_0)}{1-E^2}$\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+$\displaystyle{r_2} = -\frac{\cos B_0(1+2E^2-9E^2\sin^2B_0)}{2(1-E^2)}$
+&$\displaystyle{r_3} = \frac{\sin B_0(1+20E^2-27E^2\sin^2B_0)}{6(1-E^2)}$ \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:1}
+\end{table*}
+
+\begin{table*}
+\caption{Taylor expansion of $s(B):=\sqrt{G/E}=(1-E^2)/[\cos B(1-E^2\sin^2 B)]
+= \sum\limits_{n=0}^N \frac{1}{n!}s^{(n)}(B_0)b^n = \sum\limits_{n=0}^N s_nb^n$
+up to order three}
+\begin{tabular*}{\hsize}{@{\hspace{0pt}}l@{\hspace{10pt}}l}
+\hline
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+$\displaystyle s_0 = \frac{1-E^2}{\cos B_0(1-E^2\sin^2B_0)}$
+&$\displaystyle s_1= \frac{(1-E^2)\sin B_0(1+2E^2-3E^2\sin^2B_0)}
+{\cos^2B_0(1-E^2\sin^2B_0)^2}$\\
+\noalign{\medskip}
+\multicolumn{2}{l}{{\hspace{-6pt}}$\displaystyle
+s_2 = \frac{(1-E^2)}{2\cos^3B_0(1-E^2\sin^2B_0)^3}
+\big (1+2E^2+\sin^2 B_0 (1 - 4E^2 + 6E^4)
+-E^2\sin^4B_0(2 + 13 E^2) + 9E^4\sin^6B_0 \big )$} \\
+\noalign{\medskip}
+\multicolumn{2}{l}{{\hspace{-6pt}}$\displaystyle
+s_3 = \frac{(1-E^2)\sin B_0}{6\cos^4B_0(1-E^2\sin^2B_0)^4}
+\big (5+4E^2+24E^4+\sin^2B_0(1 - 17E^2 - 80E^4 + 24E^6)
+-E^2\sin^4B_0(5 - 91E^2 + 68E^4)$}\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\multicolumn{2}{l}{{\hspace{-6pt}}$\displaystyle
+\phantom{s_3} \phantom{=} -E^4\sin^6B_0(17 - 65E^2)
+-27E^6\sin^8B_0 \big)$}\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\hline
+\end{tabular*}
+\label{tab:2}
+\end{table*}
+
+Here we are interested in a local solution of the ellipsoidal
+Korn--Lichtenstein equations around a point $(L_0,B_0)$ such that
+$L=L_0+l, B=B_0+b$ hold. A polynomial set-up of the local solution of
+the ellipsoidal Korn--Lichtenstein equations subject to the ellipsoidal
+vectorial Laplace--Beltrami equation
+\setcounter{equation}{0}%
+\renewcommand{\theequation}{6\alph{equation}}%
+\begin{eqnarray}
+y_l=-\sqrt{E/G}x_b, \quad
+y_b=\sqrt{G/E}x_l
+\label{eq:6a}
+\end{eqnarray}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+(\sqrt{G/E}x_l)_l &+ &(\sqrt{E/G}x_b)_b=0, \nonumber \\
+(\sqrt{G/E}y_l)_l &+ &(\sqrt{E/G}y_b)_b=0
+\label{eq:6b}
+\end{eqnarray}
+is
+\setcounter{equation}{0}%
+\renewcommand{\theequation}{7\alph{equation}}%
+\begin{eqnarray}
+x(l,b) &= &x_0+x_{10}l+x_{01}b+x_{20}l^2+x_{11}lb+x_{02}b^2
+\nonumber\\
+& &+\,x_{30}l^3+x_{21}l^2b+x_{12}lb^2+x_{03}b^3+{\cal O}(4)
+\label{eq:7a}\\
+y(l,b) &= &y_0+y_{10}l+y_{01}b+y_{20}l^2+y_{11}lb+y_{02}b^2
+\nonumber\\
+& &+\,y_{30}l^3+y_{21}l^2b+y_{12}lb^2+y_{03}b^3+{\cal O}(4)
+\label{eq:7b}
+\end{eqnarray}
+or
+\begin{eqnarray}
+x(l,b)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}P_n(l,b), \quad
+y(l,b)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}Q_n(l,b)
+\label{eq:7c}
+\end{eqnarray}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+P_0(l,b) & := & x_0\nonumber\\
+P_1(l,b) & := & x_{10}l+x_{01}b=\sum_{\alpha+\beta=1}x_{\alpha\beta}l^\alpha b^\beta\nonumber\\
+P_2(l,b) & := & x_{20}l^2+x_{11}lb+x_{02}b^2=\sum_{\alpha+\beta=2}x_{\alpha\beta}l^\alpha b^\beta\nonumber\\
+\vdots & & \nonumber\\
+P_n(l,b) & := & \sum_{\alpha+\beta=n}x_{\alpha\beta}l^\alpha b^\beta
+\label{eq:7d}
+\end{eqnarray}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+Q_0(l,b) & := & y_0\nonumber\\
+Q_1(l,b) & := & y_{10}l+y_{01}b=\sum_{\alpha+\beta=1}y_{\alpha\beta}l^\alpha b^\beta\nonumber\\
+Q_2(l,b) & := & y_{20}l^2+y_{11}lb+y_{02}b^2=\sum_{\alpha+\beta=2}y_{\alpha\beta}l^\alpha b^\beta\nonumber\\
+\vdots & &\nonumber\\
+Q_n(l,b) & :=& \sum_{\alpha+\beta=n}y_{\alpha\beta}l^\alpha b^\beta
+\label{eq:7e}
+\end{eqnarray}
+\setcounter{equation}{7}%
+\renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{equation}}%
+subject to the Taylor expansion
+\begin{eqnarray}
+r := \sqrt{\frac{E}{G}} &= &\cos B\frac{1-E^2\sin^2B}{1-E^2} \nonumber \\
+&= &r_0+r_1b+r_2b^2+r_3b^3+{\cal O}(4)
+\label{eq:8}
+\end{eqnarray}
+subject to
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+r_0 := & {\frac{1}{0!}r^{(0)}(B_0)} & = r(B_0)\\
+r_1 := & {\frac{1}{1!}r^{(1)}(B_0)} & = r'(B_0)\\
+\vdots & &\\
+r_n := & {\frac{1}{n!}r^{(n)}(B_0)} & = \frac{1}{n(n-1)...2\cdot 1}r^{(n)}(B_0)
+\end{eqnarray*}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+s := {\sqrt{\frac{G}{E}}} &= &r^{-1} = \frac{1}{\cos B}\frac{1-E^2}{1-E^2\sin^2B}
+\label{eq:9} \\
+& = &s_0+s_1b+s_2b^2+s_3b^3+{\cal O}(4)
+\nonumber \\
+& = &r^{-1}_0-r^{-2}_0r_1b+(r^{-3}_0r^2_1-r^{-2}_0r_2)b^2
+\nonumber \\
+& & +\, (-r^{-4}_0r^3_1+2r^{-3}_0r_1r_2-r^{-2}_0r_3)b^3+{\cal O}(4)
+\nonumber
+\end{eqnarray}
+subject to
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+s_0 := &{\frac{1}{0!}s^{(0)}(B_0)} & =s(B_0)\\
+s_1 := &{\frac{1}{1!}s^{(1)}(B_0)} & =s'(B_0)\\
+\vdots&&\\
+s_n := &{\frac{1}{n!}s^{(n)}(B_0)} & =\frac{1}{n(n-1)...2\cdot 1}s^{(n)}(B_0)
+\end{eqnarray*}
+given in detail by the coefficients in Tables~\ref{tab:1} and
+\ref{tab:2}. First, let us consider the vectorial Laplace--Beltrami
+equations [Eq. (\ref{eq:6b})]
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+\Delta_{LB}x &= &(\sqrt{G/E}x_l)_l+(\sqrt{E/G}x_b)_b=0 \\
+\Delta_{LB}y &= &(\sqrt{G/E}y_l)_l+(\sqrt{E/G}y_b)_b=0
+\end{eqnarray*}
+\setcounter{equation}{0}%
+\renewcommand{\theequation}{10\alph{equation}}%
+\begin{eqnarray}
+sx_{ll}+(rx_b)_b= & sx_{ll}+r_bx_b+rx_{bb} & =0
+\label{eq:10a}\\
+sy_{ll}+(ry_b)_b= & sy_{ll}+r_by_b+ry_{bb} & =0
+\label{eq:10b}
+\end{eqnarray}
+\setcounter{equation}{10}%
+\renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{equation}}%
+\begin{eqnarray}
+\label{eq:11}
+x(l,b)=&& x_0+x_{10}l+x_{01}b+x_{20}l^2+x_{11}lb\\
+ && +x_{02}b^2+x_{30}l^3+x_{21}l^2b+x_{12}lb^2\nonumber\\
+ && +x_{03}b^3+x_{40}l^4+x_{31}l^3b+x_{22}l^2b^2\nonumber\\
+ && +x_{13}lb^3+x_{04}l^4+{\cal O}(5)\nonumber\\
+[5pt]
+\label{eq:12}
+x_l(l,b)=&& x_{10}+2x_{20}l+x_{11}b+3x_{30}l^2+2x_{21}lb\\
+ && +x_{12}b^2+4x_{40}l^3+3x_{31}l^2b+2x_{22}lb^2\nonumber\\
+ && +x_{13}b^3+{\cal O}(4)\nonumber\\
+[5pt]
+\label{eq:13}
+x_{ll}(l,b)=&& 2x_{20}+3\cdot 2x_{30}l+2\cdot 1x_{21}b+4\cdot 3x_{40}l^2\\
+ && +3\cdot 2x_{31}lb+2\cdot 1x_{22}b^2+{\cal O}(3)\nonumber\\
+[5pt]
+\label{eq:14}
+sx_{ll}(l,b)=&& (s_0+s_1b+s_2b^2+{\cal O}(3))x_{ll}\\
+ =&& 2s_0x_{20}+6s_0x_{30}l+2s_0x_{21}b+2s_1x_{20}b\nonumber\\
+ && +12s_0x_{40}l^2+6s_0x_{31}lb+6s_1x_{30}lb\nonumber\\
+ && +2s_0x_{22}b^2+2s_1x_{21}b^2+2s_2x_{20}b^2+{\cal O}(3)\nonumber\\
+[5pt]
+\label{eq:15}
+x_b(l,b)=&& x_{01}+x_{11}l+2x_{02}b+x_{21}l^2+2x_{12}lb\\
+ && +3x_{03}b^2+x_{31}l^3+2x_{22}l^2b+3x_{13}lb^2\nonumber\\
+ && +4x_{04}b^3+{\cal O}(4)\nonumber\\
+[5pt]
+\label{eq:16}
+x_{bb}(l,b)=&& 2x_{02}+2 \cdot 1 x_{12}l+3\cdot 2x_{03}b\\
+ &&+2\cdot 1 x_{22}l^2+3\cdot 2x_{13}lb+4\cdot 3x_{04}b^2+{\cal O}(3)\nonumber\\
+[5pt]
+\label{eq:17}
+r_bx_b(l,b)=&& (r_1+2r_2b+3r_3b^2+{\cal O}(3))x_b\\
+ =&& r_1x_{01}+r_1x_{11}l+2r_1x_{02}b+2r_2x_{01}b\nonumber\\
+ && +r_1x_{21}l^2+2r_1x_{12}lb+2r_2x_{11}lb\nonumber\\
+ && +3r_1x_{03}b^2+4r_2x_{02}b^2+3r_3x_{01}b^2+{\cal O}(3)\nonumber\\
+[5pt]
+\label{eq:18}
+rx_{bb}(l,b)=&& (r_0+r_1b+r_2b^2+{\cal O}(3))x_{bb}\\
+ =&& +2r_0x_{02}+2r_0x_{12}l+6r_0x_{03}b+2r_1x_{02}b\nonumber\\
+ && +2r_0x_{22}l^2+6r_0x_{13}lb+2r_1x_{12}lb\nonumber\\
+ && +12r_0x_{04}b^2+6r_1x_{03}b^2+2r_2x_{02}b^2+{\cal O}(3)\nonumber
+\end{eqnarray}
+
+While Eqs. (\ref{eq:14}), (\ref{eq:17}) and (\ref{eq:18}) represent the
+polynomial solution of Eq. (\ref{eq:10a}), namely for $x(l,b)$, a corresponding
+solution for Eq. (\ref{eq:10b}) could be found as soon as we replace $x$
+by $y$, namely for the polynomial solution $y(l,b)$. Let us write down
+the $(n-1)$ constraints for $(n+1)$ polynomials given by the zero
+identity of the sum of the three terms of Eq. (\ref{eq:14}) $sx_{ll}$
+(first term), Eq. (\ref{eq:17}) $r_bx_b$ (second term) and Eq.
+(\ref{eq:18}) $rx_{bb}$ (third term)
+
+\begin{corollary}\label{cor:1}
+Laplace--Beltrami equations solved in the function space of bivariate
+polynomials
+
+If a polynomial [Eq. (\ref{eq:7a})] of degree $n$ fulfils the
+Laplace--Beltrami equation [Eq. (\ref{eq:10a})], then there are $(n-1)$
+coefficient constraints, namely
+\begin{equation}
+\begin{array}{lcr}
+{n=2} & &\\
+2s_0x_{20}+2r_0x_{02}+r_1x_{01} &= &0\\
+2s_0y_{20}+2r_0y_{02}+r_1y_{01} &= &0
+\end{array}
+\label{eq:19}
+\end{equation}
+\begin{equation}
+\begin{array}{lcr}
+{n=3} & &\\
+6s_0x_{30}+2r_0x_{12}+r_1x_{11} &= &0\\
+6s_0y_{30}+2r_0y_{12}+r_1y_{11} &= &0\\
+s_0x_{21}+s_1x_{20}+3r_0x_{03}+2r_1x_{02}+r_2x_{01} &= &0\\
+s_0y_{21}+s_1y_{20}+3r_0y_{03}+2r_1y_{02}+r_2y_{01} &= &0
+\end{array}
+\label{eq:20}
+\end{equation}
+\begin{equation}
+\begin{array}{lcr}
+{n=4} & &\\
+12s_0x_{40}+2r_0x_{22}+r_1x_{21} &= &0\\
+12s_0y_{40}+2r_0y_{22}+r_1y_{21} &= &0\\
+3s_0x_{31}+3s_1x_{30}+3r_0x_{13}+2r_1x_{12}+r_2x_{11} &= &0\\
+3s_0y_{31}+3s_1y_{30}+3r_0y_{13}+2r_1y_{12}+r_2y_{11} &= &0\\
+2s_0x_{22}+2s_1x_{21}+2s_2x_{20}+12r_0x_{04} & &\\
++9r_1x_{03}+6r_2x_{02}+3r_3x_{01} &= &0\\
+2s_0y_{22}+2s_1y_{21}+2s_2y_{20}+12r_0y_{04} & &\\
++9r_1y_{03}+6r_2y_{02}+3r_3y_{01} &= &0
+\end{array}
+\label{eq:21}
+\end{equation}
+and in general
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+&&sx_{ll}+(rx_b)_b =\sum_{n=2}^\infty\sum_{i=0}^{n-2}\sum_{j=0}^{i}\\
+&&\times\Big( (j+1) \big( (i-j+1)r_{j+1}x_{n-i-2,i-j+1}\\
+&&\quad+(j+2)r_{i-j}x_{n-i-2,j+2} \big)\\
+&&\quad+ (n-i)(n-i-1)s_{j}x_{n-i,i-j} \Big) l^{n-i-2}b^{i}=0\\
+&&\\
+&&sy_{ll}+(ry_b)_b =\sum_{n=2}^\infty\sum_{i=0}^{n-2}\sum_{j=0}^{i}\\
+&&\times\Big( (j+1) \big( (i-j+1)r_{j+1}y_{n-i-2,i-j+1}\\
+&&\quad+(j+2)r_{i-j}y_{n-i-2,j+2} \big)\\
+&&\quad+ (n-i)(n-i-1)s_{j}y_{n-i,i-j} \Big) l^{n-i-2}b^{i}=0
+\end{eqnarray*}
+
+Finally, we have to constrain the general solution [Eq. (\ref{eq:7a})]
+of the Laplace--Beltrami equation $x(l,b)$ to the ellipsoidal
+Korn--Lichtenstein equation [Eq. (\ref{eq:6a})] $y_l=-\sqrt{E/G}x_b$, in
+particular
+\begin{eqnarray}
+y_l=-r(b)x_b=-(r_0+r_1b+r_2b^2+r_3b^3+{\cal O}(4))x_b
+\label{eq:22}
+\end{eqnarray}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+y_l &= &y_{10}+2y_{20}l+y_{11}b+3y_{30}l^2+2y_{21}lb+y_{12}b^2\label{eq:23}\\
+& &+4y_{40}b^3+3y_{31}l^2b+2y_{22}lb^2+y_{13}b^3+{\cal O}(4)\nonumber\\
+&= &-r_0x_{01}-r_0x_{11}l-2r_0x_{02}b-r_1x_{01}b-r_0x_{21}l^2\nonumber\\
+& &-2r_0x_{12}lb-r_1x_{11}lb-3r_0x_{03}b^2-2r_1x_{02}b^2\nonumber\\
+& &-r_2x_{01}b^2-r_0x_{31}l^3-2r_0x_{22}l^2b-r_1x_{21}l^2b\nonumber\\
+& &-3r_0x_{13}lb^2-2r_1x_{12}lb^2-r_2x_{11}lb^2-4r_0x_{04}b^3\nonumber\\
+& &-3r_1x_{03}b^3-2r_2x_{02}b^3-r_3x_{01}b^3+{\cal O}(4)\nonumber
+\end{eqnarray}
+
+Alternatively we may constrain the general solution of Eq. (\ref{eq:7b})
+to the ellipsoidal Korn--Lichtenstein equation [Eq. (\ref{eq:6a})]
+$y_b=\sqrt{G/E}x_l$, in particular
+\begin{eqnarray}
+y_b &= &s(b)x_l=(s_0+s_1b+s_2b^2+s_3b^3+{\cal O}(4))x_l
+\label{eq:24}
+\end{eqnarray}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+\label{eq:25}
+y_b &= &y_{01}+y_{11}l+2y_{02}b+y_{21}l^2+2y_{12}lb+3y_{03}b^2\\
+& &+y_{31}l^3+2y_{22}l^2b+3y_{13}lb^2+4y_{04}b^3+{\cal O}(4)\nonumber\\
+&= &s_0x_{10}+2s_0x_{20}l+s_0x_{11}b+s_1x_{10}b+3s_0x_{30}l^2\nonumber\\
+& &+2s_0x_{21}lb+2s_1x_{20}lb+s_0x_{12}b^2+s_1x_{11}b^2\nonumber\\
+& &+s_2x_{10}b^2+4s_0x_{40}l^3+3s_0x_{31}l^2b+3s_1x_{30}l^2b\nonumber\\
+& &+2s_0x_{22}lb^2+2s_1x_{21}lb^2+2s_2x_{20}lb^2+s_0x_{13}b^3\nonumber\\
+& &+s_1x_{12}b^3+s_2x_{11}b^3+s_3x_{10}b^3+{\cal O}(4)\nonumber
+\end{eqnarray}
+The coefficient relations up to terms of the order four are finally
+collected in
+\end{corollary}
+
+\begin{corollary}\label{cor:2}
+Korn--Lichtenstein equation solved in the function space of bivariate
+polynomials
+
+If a polynomial [Eq. (\ref{eq:7a})] of degree $n$ fulfils the
+Korn--Lichtenstein equation [Eq. (6a)] with respect to an ellipsoid of
+revolution and subject to the $(n-1)$ constraints given by Eqs.
+(\ref{eq:19})--(\ref{eq:21}), then the following mixed coefficient
+relations hold.
+\begin{equation}
+\begin{array}{rcl}
+{n=1} & & \\ [5pt]
+y_{10} & = &-r_0x_{01}\\
+y_{01} & = &s_0x_{10}
+\end{array}
+\label{eq:26}
+\end{equation}
+\begin{equation}
+\begin{array}{rcl}
+{n=2} & &\\ [5pt]
+2y_{20} & = &-r_0x_{11}\\
+y_{11} & = &-2r_0x_{02}-r_1x_{01}\\
+y_{11} & = &2s_0x_{20}\\
+2y_{02} & = &s_0x_{11}+s_1x_{10}
+\end{array}
+\label{eq:27}
+\end{equation}
+\begin{equation}
+\begin{array}{rcl}
+{n=3} & &\\ [5pt]
+3y_{30} & = &-r_0x_{21}\\
+2y_{21} & = &-2r_0x_{12}-r_1x_{11}\\
+y_{12} & = &-3r_0x_{03}-2r_1x_{02}-r_2x_{01}\\
+y_{21} & = &3s_0x_{30}\\
+2y_{12} & = &2s_0x_{21}+2s_1x_{20}\\
+3y_{03} & = &s_0x_{12}+s_1x_{11}+s_2x_{10}
+\end{array}
+\label{eq:28}
+\end{equation}
+\begin{equation}
+\begin{array}{rcl}
+{n=4} & &\\ [5pt]
+4y_{40} & = & -r_0x_{31}\\
+3y_{31} & = & -2r_0x_{22}-r_1x_{21}\\
+2y_{22} & = & -3r_0x_{13}-2r_1x_{12}-r_2x_{11}\\
+y_{13} & = & -4r_0x_{04}-3r_1x_{03}-2r_2x_{02}-r_3x_{01}\\
+y_{31} & = & 4s_0x_{40}\\
+2y_{22} & = & 3s_0x_{31}+3s_1x_{30}\\
+3y_{13} & = & 2s_0x_{22}+2s_1x_{21}+2s_2x_{20}\\
+4y_{04} & = & s_0x_{13}+s_1x_{12}+s_2x_{11}+s_3x_{10}
+\end{array}
+\label{eq:29}
+\end{equation}
+and in general
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+y_l &= &\sum_{n=1}^\infty \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} (n-i) y_{n-i,i} l^{n-i-1} b^{i} \\
+&= &- \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} \sum_{j=0}^{i} (i-j+1) r_j x_{n-i-1,i-j+1} l^{n-i-1} b^{i} \\
+&= &-r(b)x_b
+\end{eqnarray*}
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+y_b &= &\sum_{n=1}^\infty \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} (i+1) y_{n-i-1,i+1} l^{n-i-1} b^{i} \\
+&= &\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} \sum_{j=0}^{i} (n-i) s_j x_{n-i,i-j} l^{n-i-1} b^{i} \\
+&= &s(b)x_l
+\end{eqnarray*}
+\end{corollary}
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 4 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{The constraints to the Korn--Lichtenstein equations which
+generate the Gau{\ss}--Kr"uger/UTM conformal mapping}
+\label{sec:4}
+
+The equidistant mapping of a meridian of reference $L_0$ establishes the proper
+constraint to the Korn--Lichtenstein equations which leads to the standard
+Gau{\ss}--Kr"uger or Universal Transverse Mercator Projection conformal mapping.
+The arc length of the coordinate line $L_0=const$, namely the meridian, between latitude $B_0$
+and $B$ is computed by
+\setcounter{equation}{29}%
+\begin{eqnarray}
+y(0,b)=\int_{B_0}^B\sqrt{G(B^*)}dB^*=\sum_{n=1}^\infty y_{0n}b^n
+\label{eq:30}
+\end{eqnarray}
+as soon as we set up uniformly convergent Taylor series of type
+\begin{eqnarray}
+\sqrt{G(B)}=\frac{A(1-E^2)}{(1-E^2\sin^2B)^{3/2}}=\sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{1}{n!}G^{(n)}(B_0)b^n
+\label{eq:31}
+\end{eqnarray}
+and integrate termwise. Table~3 is a list of the resulting
+coefficients $y_{0n}$, which establish the set-up of the following
+constraints.
+% Reference of Table 3 undefined!
+
+$\vdots$
+
+\pagebreak
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+
+\bibitem[Blaschke and Leichtwei{\ss}(1973)]{bla73} Blaschke W,
+Leichtwei{\ss} K (1973) Elementare Differentialgeometrie. Springer,
+Berlin Heidelberg New York
+
+\bibitem[Bourguignon(1970)]{bou70} Bourguignon JP (1970) Transformation
+infinitesimal conformes ferm\'ees des vari\'et\'es riemanniennes
+connexes compl\`etes. C R Acad Sci Ser A 270: 1593--1596
+
+\bibitem[Cox \etal(1996)]{cox96} Cox D, Little J, O'Shea D (1996)
+Ideals, varieties and algorithms. 2nd edn., Springer, Berlin Heidelberg
+New York
+
+\bibitem[Eisenhart(1926)]{eis26} Eisenhart LP (1926) Riemannian
+geometry. Princeton University Press, Princeton
+
+\bibitem[Finzi(1922)] Finzi A (1922) Sulle variet\`a in rappresentazione
+conforme con la variet\`a euclidea a piu di tre dimensioni. Rend Acc
+Lincei Classe Sci Ser 5 31: 8--12
+
+\bibitem[Gau{\ss}(1822)]{gau22} Gau{\ss} CF (1822) Allgemeine Aufl\"{o}sung
+der Aufgabe, die Teile einer gegebenen Fl\"{a}che so abzubilden, da{\ss}
+die Abbildung dem abgebildeten in den kleinsten Teilen \"{a}hnlich wird.
+In: Werke IV (1873) ??, ??, pp 193--216
+
+\bibitem[Gau{\ss}(1873)]{gau73} Gau{\ss} CF (1844) Untersuchungen \"{u}ber
+Gegenst\"{a}nde der h\"{o}heren Geod\"{a}sie. In: Werke IV (1873) ??, ??, pp
+259--334
+
+\bibitem[Grafarend(1995)]{graf95a} Grafarend E (1995) The optimal
+universal Mercator projection. Manuscr Geod 20: 421-468
+
+\bibitem[Grafarend(1995)]{graf95b} Grafarend E, Syffus R (1995) The
+oblique azimuthal projection of geodesic type for the biaxial ellipsoid:
+Riemann polar and normal coordinates. J Geod 70: 13--37
+
+\bibitem[Hedrick and Ingold(1925a)]{hed25a} Hedrick ER, Ingold L (1925)
+Analytic functions in three dimensions. Trans Am Math Soc 27: 551--555
+
+\bibitem[Hedrick and Ingold(1925b)]{hed25b} Hedrick ER, Ingold L (1925)
+The Beltrami equations in three dimensions. Trans Am Math Soc 27:
+556--562
+
+\bibitem[Heitz(1988)]{hei88} Heitz S (1988) Coordinates in geodesy.
+Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
+
+\bibitem[Jacobi(1839)]{jac39} Jacobi CGJ (1839) Note von der
+geod\"{a}tischen Linie auf einem Ellipsoid und den verschiedenen
+Anwendungen einer merkw\"{u}rdigen analytischen Substitution. Crelles J
+19: 309--313
+
+\bibitem[Klingenberg(1982)]{kli82} Klingenberg W (1982) Riemannian
+geometry. de Gruyter, Berlin New York
+
+\bibitem[Korn(1914)]{kor14} Korn A (1914) Zwei Anwendungen der Methode
+der sukzessiven Ann\"{a}herungen. Schwarz-Festschrift. Springer, Berlin,
+pp 215--229
+
+\bibitem[Kr\"{u}ger(1922)]{kru22} Kr\"{u}ger L (1922) Zur
+stereographischen Projektion. Ver\"{o}ff Preuss Geod Inst, P.
+Stankiewicz, Berlin
+
+\bibitem[Kulkarni(1969)]{kul69} Kulkarni RS (1969) Curvature structures
+and conformal transformations. J Diff Geom 4: 425--451
+
+\bibitem[Kulkarni(1972)]{kul72} Kulkarni RS (1972) Conformally flat
+manifolds. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 69: 2675--2676
+
+\bibitem[Kulkarni and Pinkall(1988)]{kul88} Kulkarni RS, Pinkall U
+(1988) Conformal geometry. Vieweg, Braunschweig Wiesbaden
+
+\bibitem[Lafontaine(1988)]{laf88} Lafontaine J (1988) Conformal geometry
+from the Riemannian view point. In: Conformal geometry, Kulkarni RS,
+Pinkall U (eds), Vieweg, Braunschweig Wiesbaden
+
+\bibitem[Lichtenstein(1911)]{li11} Lichtenstein L (1911) Beweis des
+Satzes, da{\ss} jedes hinreichend kleine im wesentlichen stetig
+gekr\"{u}mmte, singularit\"{a}tenfreie Fl\"{a}chenst\"{u}ck auf einen
+Teil einer Ebene zusammenh\"{a}ngend und in den kleinsten Teilen
+\"{a}hnlich abgebildet werden kann. Abh K\"{o}nigl Preuss Akad Wiss
+Berlin, Phys Math K Anhang Abh VI: 1--43
+
+\bibitem[Lichtenstein(1916)]{li16} Lichtenstein L (1916) Zur Theorie der
+konformen Abbildung. Bull Int Acad Sci Cracovie Ser A: 192--217
+
+\bibitem[Liouville(1850)]{lio50} Liouville J (1850) Extension au cas des
+trois dimensions de la question du trac\'{e} g\'{e}ographique. Note VI,
+by G. Monge: application de l'analyse \`{a} la g\'{e}om\'{e}trie,
+cinqui\`{e}me \'{e}dition revue corrig\'{e}e par M. Liouville,
+Bachelier, Paris
+
+\bibitem[M\"{u}ller(1991)]{mul91} M\"{u}ller B (1991) Kartenprojektionen
+des dreiachsigen Ellipsoides. MSc Thesis, Dept Geod Sci, Stuttgart
+University, Stuttgart
+
+\bibitem[Ricci(1918)]{ric18} Ricci G (1918) Sulla determinazione di
+varieta dotate di propriet\`{a} intrinseche date a priori -- note I. Rend
+Acc Lincei Classe Sci Rome Ser 5, vol 19
+
+\bibitem[Schering(1857)]{scher57} Schering E (1857) \"{U}ber die konforme
+Abbildung des Ellipsoides auf der Ebene. G\"{o}ttingen.
+
+\pagebreak
+
+\bibitem[Schmehl(1927)]{schm27} Schmehl H (1927) Untersuchungen \"{u}ber
+ein allgemeines Erdellipsoid. Ver\"{o}ff Preuss Geod Inst Neue Folge Nr
+98
+
+\bibitem[Schouten(1921)]{scho21} Schouten JA (1921) \"{U}ber die
+konforme Abbildung $n$-dimensionaler Mannigfaltigkeiten mit
+quadratischer Ma{\ss}bestimmung auf eine Mannigfaltigkeit mit
+Euklidischer Ma{\ss}bestimmung. Math Z 11: 58--88
+
+\bibitem[Weyl(1918)]{weyl18} Weyl H (1918) Reine Infinitesimalgeometrie.
+Math Z 2: 384--411
+
+\pagebreak
+
+\bibitem[Weyl(1921)]{weyl21} Weyl H (1921) Zur Infinitesimalgeometrie:
+Einordnung der projektiven und der konformen Auffassung. Nach K\"{o}nigl
+Ges Wiss G\"{o}ttingen Math-Phys Klasse
+
+\bibitem[Yanushaushas(1982)]{yan82} Yanushaushas AI (1982)
+Three-dimensional analogues of conformal mappings (in Russian) Iz da te
+l'stvo Nauka, Novosibirsk
+
+\bibitem[Zund(1987)]{zund87} Zund J (1987) The tensorial form of the
+Cauchy-Riemann equations. Tensor New Ser 44: 281--290
+
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/jogguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/jogguide.dvi
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+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/jogguide.dvi
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/jogguide.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/jogguide.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c875931c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/jogguide.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[final]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\makeatletter
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
+\renewenvironment{decl}[1][]%
+ {\par\small\addvspace{2.3ex}%
+ \vskip -\parskip
+ \ifx\relax#1\relax
+ \def\@decl@date{}%
+ \else
+ \def\@decl@date{\NEWfeature{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\hspace{-\leftmargini}%
+ \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\ignorespaces}%
+ {\\\hline\end{tabular}\nobreak\@decl@date\par\nobreak
+ \vspace{2.3ex plus 1ex}\vskip -\parskip}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+%
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parskip 0\p@ \@plus 1\p@
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \topsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@\relax}
+\@listI
+\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount}
+\makeatother
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement for\\
+\textit{Journal of Geodesy}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1999, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{05 January 1999}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{jog} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Journal of Geodesy} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[jog]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described in
+the main \emph{User guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class standard}
+
+As the abstract of your article is to appear in the header section,
+it must be coded before the \verb|\maketitle| command. Do not use the
+\verb|\begin{abstract}| \dots \verb|\end{abstract}| environment of
+standard \LaTeX. Instead proceed as you do for the other
+front matter declarations:
+\begin{decl}
+|\abstract| \arg{Text of your abstract}
+\end{decl}
+The standard key words are also part of the frontmatter please code
+them at the end but still inside the \verb|\abstract{...}| area.
+
+\section{Changed bibliographic environment\\
+for {\tt natbib} usage}
+
+\subsection*{Overview}
+
+The {\tt natbib}\footnote{Natbib coding copyright (C) 1994--1998 Patrick
+W. Daly. This file may be used for non-profit purposes. It may not be
+distributed in exchange for money, other than distribution costs.}
+package is a reimplementation of the \LaTeX\ \verb|\cite|\
+command, to work with author-year citations. It is compatible with the
+standard bibliographic style files, such as {\tt plain.bst}, as well as
+ith those of {\tt harvard, apalike, chicago, astron, authordate}, and of
+course {\tt natbib}.
+
+\subsection*{Loading}
+
+A Loading with \verb|\usepackage[|{\it options}\verb|]{natbib}| is not
+needed. All {\tt natbib} options and citations styles are implemented
+for usage with the {\tt jog}-option.
+
+\subsection*{Basic commands}
+
+The {\tt natbib} package has two basic citation commands, \verb|\citet|
+and \verb|\citep| for {\it textual} and {\it parenthetical} citations,
+respectively. All of these may take one or two optional arguments to add
+some text before and after the citation.
+
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{10pt}$\Rightarrow$\hspace{10pt}}l}
+\verb|\citet{jon90}| &Jones et al. (1990)\\
+\verb|\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| &Jones et al. (1990, chap. 2)\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\verb|\citep{jon90}| &(Jones et al., 1990)\\
+\verb|\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| &(Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)\\
+\verb|\citep[see][]{jon90}| &(see Jones et al., 1990)\\
+\verb|\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| &(see Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\subsection*{Multiple citations}
+
+Multiple citations may be made as usual, by including more than one citation
+key in the \verb|\cite| command argument.
+
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{10pt}$\Rightarrow$\hspace{10pt}}l}
+\verb|\citet{jon90,jon91}| &Jones et al. (1990); James et al. (1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90,jam91}| &(Jones et al., 1990; James et al. 1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90,jon91}| &(Jones et al., 1990, 1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| &(Jones et al., 1990a,b)\\
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{}\\
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{}\\
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{}\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\subsection*{Bibliography}
+
+Use the \verb|\bibitem| macro in the following way:
+
+\begin{tabular}{l}
+\verb|\bibitem[Jones \etal(1990)]{jon90} Jones ...|\\
+\verb|\bibitem[Jones \etal(1991)]{jon91} Jones ...|\\
+\verb|\bibitem[James \etal(1991)]{jam91} James ...|\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\section{Changes using Postscript fonts}
+
+The journal `Journal of Geodesy' is typeset using the
+Postscript\footnote{PostScript is a trademark of Adobe.} Times fonts for the
+main text and math. As the use of PostScript fonts results in different line and page
+breaks than when using Computer Modern fonts, we encourage you to use our
+document class together with the psnfss package times and if available the
+mathtime package. This packages does all necessary font replacements to show
+you the page make-up as it will be printed. Ask your local \TeX pert for
+details. PostScript previewing is possible on most systems. On some
+installations, however, on-screen previewing may be possible only with
+CM fonts.
+
+If, for technical reasons, you are not able to use the PS fonts, it is also
+possible to use our document class together with the ordinary Computer Modern
+fonts. Note, however, that in this case line and page breaks will change when
+we re\TeX\ your file with PS fonts, making it necessary for you to check them
+again once you receive the proofs from the printer.
+
+
+\section{Notes}
+
+Again we strongly suggest to use the \verb|\bibitem - \cite| as well as
+the \verb|\label -| \verb|\ref| mechanism of \LaTeX\ for your cross
+references throughout your document.
+
+\section{Installation}
+
+Following packages should be installed: \verb|times|, \verb|natbib|,
+\verb|amsmath|.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/natbib.dtx b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/natbib.dtx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..33bdffdaca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/natbib.dtx
@@ -0,0 +1,3221 @@
+% \iffalse THIS IS A META-COMMENT
+%<*dtx>
+\ProvidesFile
+%========================================================================
+ {NATBIB.DTX}
+%========================================================================
+%</dtx>
+% This is a LaTeX package to modify \cite and \thebibliography for author-year
+% systems of bibliographic citation; will also work with
+% numerical systems, allowing simplified style changes for them too.
+% Installation:
+% LaTeX this file: creates docstrip installation file natbib.ins
+% AND the (LaTeX2e) documentation
+% (La)TeX natbib.ins: creates package file natbib.sty
+% and optionally the LaTeX 2.09 style natbib209.sty
+% and doc driver natbib.drv
+% (natbib.ins may be edited as needed)
+% Docstrip options available:
+% package - to produce a (LaTeX2e) package .sty file
+% driver - to produce a driver file to print the documentation
+% 209 - (with package) for style file that runs under LaTeX 2.09
+% subpack - (with package) for coding included in other packages
+% all - (with package) to include all author-year systems
+% else individually with:
+% apalike, newapa, chicago, harvard, authordate, astron
+% agu - (with package,subpack) for inclusion in aguplus package
+% egs- (with package,subpack) for inclusion in egs package
+% nopreonly - allows \citestyle and \bibpunct to be used anywhere
+%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%<*!subpack>
+%<package&209>\def\ProvidesPackage#1#2]
+%<package&209> {\typeout{Style option `#1'#2]}}
+%
+% *** Identify the package file:-
+%<package&!209>\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1994/06/01]
+%<package>\ProvidesPackage{natbib}
+%</!subpack>
+%
+% *** Provide command to dislay module version
+%<package&subpack>\def\ModuleVersion#1[#2]{}
+%<package&subpack> \ModuleVersion{natbib}
+%
+% *** Identify the driver file:-
+%<driver>\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+%<driver>\ProvidesFile{natbib.drv}
+%
+% *** The DATE, VERSION, and other INFO
+%\fi
+%\ProvidesFile{natbib}
+ [1997/02/05 6.5 (PWD)]
+%\iffalse
+%<*package>
+%<*!subpack>
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% NOTICE:
+%% This file may be used for non-profit purposes.
+%% It may not be distributed in exchange for money,
+%% other than distribution costs.
+%%
+%% The author provides it `as is' and does not guarantee it in any way.
+%%
+%</!subpack>
+%</package>
+%% Natbib coding copyright (C) 1994--1997 Patrick W. Daly
+%<*package>
+%<*!subpack>
+%% Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Aeronomie
+%% Postfach 20
+%% D-37189 Katlenburg-Lindau
+%% Germany
+%%
+%% E-mail:
+%% Internet-- daly@linmpi.dnet.gwdg.de
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------
+%</!subpack>
+%</package>
+% END META-COMMENT \fi
+% \changes{4.0}{1993 Aug 19}{First documented release}
+% \changes{4.1}{1993 Oct 4}{Simplification of \cs{@citeapalk}}
+% \changes{4.1a}{1993 Oct 14}{Add \texttt{rev} option for reversed comments
+% in \cs{cite}}
+% \changes{4.1b}{1993 Oct 18}{Add \cs{bibfont} to list definition =\cs{relax}}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Add coding for AGU, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Nov 20}{Add more coding for AGU}
+% \changes{4.3a}{1994 Feb 24}{First additions for \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Revised for \LaTeXe{} and 2.09}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Remove obsolete JGR, GRL coding}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add \cs{citeauthor}, \cs{citeyear}}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Two optional texts for \cs{cite} so \texttt{rev}
+% option obsolete}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{\LaTeXe\ options to select punctuation}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Conform to first official release of \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Separate \LaTeX\ and 2.09 files}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Put doc driver first}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Fix up 2.09 style to run in compatibility mode}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{\cs{citeauthor}, \cs{citeyear} make BibTeX
+% entry in aux file}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{\cs{@citex} defined as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Local config file \texttt{natbib.cfg} read in}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add \cs{citefullauthor}, options \texttt{angle},
+% \texttt{curly}}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Add star version of \cs{cite} for full authors}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 26}{Fix accents in citations with proper definition
+% of \cs{protect}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add space in \cs{@citex} for text cites}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Replace \cs{if@tempswa} by \cs{ifNAT@swa}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add superscript citation type to \cs{bibpunct}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add \cs{@citesuper}, fix up bugs in superscripts}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Define \cs{@citexnum} as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 03}{Add \cs{citestyle} same as \cs{bibstyle}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 08}{For repeated years and authors, print just letter}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add \cs{bibhang} and command space in
+% \cs{@cite}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 16}{Add \cs{citealt} for citation with no
+% parentheses}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Reorganize internal commands, using \cs{NAT@}
+% prefixes}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Punctuation selection commands \cs{bibpunct},
+% \cs{citestyle} are now preamble only, whereas previously they had to
+% come after the preamble}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Change names of punctuation commands to
+% \cs{NAT@...}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Allow numerical styles with author-year
+% \texttt{bst} files}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add automatic indexing of citations}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 29}{Accommodate \texttt{index} package}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Fixed for \LaTeXe\ \texttt{1995/12/01}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Make more robust against changes to internals}
+% \changes{6.1a}{1995 Dec 19}{Fix test for changed citations}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 10}{Replace all \cs{uppercase}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 11}{Add \cs{citet}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Feb 2}{Fix superscript size}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Mar 05}{Add length \cs{bibsep} for linespacing between
+% references}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Apr 15}{Fix clash with \texttt{amsart} and
+% \texttt{amsbook}}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 10}{Allow \texttt{showkeys} to be loaded first}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 17}{Fix punctuation for \texttt{plainnat}}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 17}{Suppress extra labels with numericals}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 18}{Provide \cs{bibname} and \cs{refname}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 27}{Change \texttt{nlinproc} option to \texttt{egs}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Make compatible with \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Fix spacing for superscripts}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Extra letter printed with \cs{citeyear}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 13}{Add compression and sorting of numerical citations}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Make compatible with \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1996 Dec 11}{KOMA script compatibility}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 10}{For EGS, no blank line between references}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Recode notes so they work with \cs{citet} and
+% \cs{citep}; change documentation to stress these commands over \cs{cite}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Feb 5}{Fix KOMA script properly}
+%
+% \CheckSum{1706}
+% \CharacterTable
+% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*install>
+%^^A =============================================
+%^^A Here is the docstrip installation file
+%^^A It is written on first LaTeX run
+%^^A =============================================
+\begin{filecontents}{natbib.ins}
+% Simply TeX or LaTeX this file to extract various files from
+% the source file `natbib.dtx'
+% Comment out the \generateFile lines for any files you do not want.
+
+\def\batchfile{natbib.ins}
+\input docstrip
+
+\preamble
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+<<<<< End of decommented file <<<<<<
+\endpostamble
+\keepsilent
+
+\generateFile{natbib.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the LaTeX 2.09 version of the package.
+It will not be maintained forever.
+Please upgrade to LaTeX2e so that you may use the proper package.
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+
+% Activate the next line to get a version for running under LaTeX 2.09
+%\generateFile{natbib209.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all,209}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the driver file to produce the LaTeX documentation from the
+source file \inFileName.
+Make changes to it as needed. (Never change the \inFileName file!)
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+
+End of documentation driver file.
+\endpostamble
+
+% Activate the next line for a documentation driver
+% that you can configure yourself.
+%\generateFile{natbib.drv}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{driver}}
+
+\obeyspaces
+\Msg{*******************************************}%
+\Msg{* For documentation, process natbib.dtx *}%
+\Msg{* or the driver file natbib.drv *}%
+\Msg{* (LaTeX2e only!) *}%
+\Msg{*******************************************}
+\end{filecontents}
+%</install>
+%<*driver>
+\documentclass{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[twoside]{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[a4paper]{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[twoside,a4paper]{ltxdoc}
+\raggedbottom
+
+ %** To include the detailed explanation of the coding, comment out
+ %** the next line
+\OnlyDescription
+
+ %** To produce a command index: add the following line for one run,
+ %** then run makeindex -s gind.ist natbib
+ %** and reprocess, with or without this line (much faster without)
+%<driver>% \EnableCrossrefs\CodelineIndex
+
+ %** To produce a change history: add the following line for one run,
+ %** then run makeindex -s gglo.ist -o natbib.gls natbib.glo
+ %** and reprocess, with or without this line (faster without)
+%<driver>% \RecordChanges
+
+\DisableCrossrefs %May stay; zapped by \EnableCrossrefs
+\CodelineNumbered %May stay
+
+\begin{document}
+ \DocInput{natbib.dtx}
+\end{document}
+%</driver>
+%\fi
+%
+% \DoNotIndex{\begin,\CodelineIndex,\CodelineNumbered,\def,\DisableCrossrefs}
+% \DoNotIndex{\DocInput,\documentclass,\EnableCrossrefs,\end,\GetFileInfo}
+% \DoNotIndex{\NeedsTeXFormat,\OnlyDescription,\RecordChanges,\usepackage}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ProvidesClass,\ProvidesPackage,\ProvidesFile,\RequirePackage}
+% \DoNotIndex{\LoadClass,\PassOptionsToClass,\PassOptionsToPackage}
+% \DoNotIndex{\DeclareOption,\CurrentOption,\ProcessOptions,\ExecuteOptions}
+% \DoNotIndex{\AtEndOfClass,\AtEndOfPackage,\AtBeginDocument,\AtEndDocument}
+% \DoNotIndex{\InputIfFileExists,\IfFileExists,\ClassError,\PackageError}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ClassWarning,\PackageWarning,\ClassWarningNoLine}
+% \DoNotIndex{\PackageWarningNoLine,\ClassInfo,\PackageInfo,\MessageBreak}
+% \DoNotIndex{\space,\protect,\DeclareRobustCommand,\CheckCommand}
+% \DoNotIndex{\newcommand,\renewcommand,\providecommand,\newenvironment}
+% \DoNotIndex{\renewenvironment,\newif,\newlength,\newcounter,\setlength}
+% \DoNotIndex{\setcounter,\if,\ifx,\ifcase,\ifnum,\ifdim,\else,\fi}
+% \DoNotIndex{\texttt,\textbf,\textrm,\textsl,\textsc,\reset@font}
+% \DoNotIndex{\textup,\textit,\textmd,\textsf,\emph,\futurelet}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ttfamily,\rmfamily,\sffamily,\mdseries,\bfseries,\upshape}
+% \DoNotIndex{\slshape,\scshape,\itshape,\em,\LaTeX,\LaTeXe}
+% \DoNotIndex{\filename,\fileversion,\filedate,\let,\makeindex}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@auxout,\@for,\@gobble,\@ifnextchar,\@m,\@mkboth,\@nil}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@noitemerr,\@tempa,\@tempswafalse,\@tempswatrue,\@warning}
+% \DoNotIndex{\advance,\arabic,\AtBeginDocument,\bf,\bibname,\chapter}
+% \DoNotIndex{\citation,\clubpenalty,\CodelineNumbered,\csname}
+% \DoNotIndex{\DisableCrossrefs,\do,\edef,\else,\endcsname,\endlist}
+% \DoNotIndex{\expandafter,\fi,\gdef,\global,\hbox,\hfill,\hskip,\hspace}
+% \DoNotIndex{\if,\if@filesw,\if@tempswa,\ifx,\immediate,\itemindent,\labelsep}
+% \DoNotIndex{\labelwidth,\lastskip,\leftmargin,\list,\mbox,\newblock}
+% \DoNotIndex{\newpage,\p@enumiv,\parindent,\penalty,\refname}
+% \DoNotIndex{\relax,\section,\settowidth,\sfcode,\sloppy,\small,\string}
+% \DoNotIndex{\theenumiv,\thepage,\unskip,\uppercase,\usecounter,\vskip}
+% \DoNotIndex{\widowpenalty,\write,\xdef,\z@,\catcode,\ifnum,\the}
+% \DoNotIndex{\.,\@empty,\@ifundefined,\@latex@warning,\@minus,\@plus,\ }
+% \DoNotIndex{\document,\@namedef,\@listi}
+% \DoNotIndex{\listparindent,\noexpand,\par,\parsep,\pb,\pbf,\pbfseries}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pc,\pd,\pem,\pit,\pitshape,\pmdseries,\prm,\prmfamily,\psc}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pscshape,\psf,\psffamily,\psl,\pslshape,\ptt,\pttfamily}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pupshape,\@iden,\@firstofone,\@unexpandable@protect}
+% \DoNotIndex{\&,\{,\},\bibitem,\bibindent,\if@draft,\typeout}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@ifclassloaded,\@ifstar,\@onlypreamble,\@preamblecmds}
+% \DoNotIndex{\addtolength,\endinput,\@bsphack,\begingroup,\@wrindex}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@listctr,\bibname,\enddocument,\hfil,\ignorespaces,\item}
+% \DoNotIndex{\NAT@temp,\refname,\stepcounter,\@ifpackageloaded}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@gobbletwo,\index,\itemsep,\markright,\scriptsize}
+% \DoNotIndex{\textsuperscript}
+%
+% \setcounter{IndexColumns}{2}
+% \setlength{\IndexMin}{10cm}
+% \setcounter{StandardModuleDepth}{1}
+%
+% \hyphenation{par-en-the-ti-cal}
+%
+% \GetFileInfo{natbib}
+%
+% \title{{\bfseries Natural Sciences Citations and References}\\
+% (Author--Year and Numerical Schemes)}
+%
+% \author{Patrick W. Daly}
+%
+% \date{This paper describes package \texttt{\filename}\\
+% version \fileversion{} from \filedate\\[1ex]
+%^^A \textsl{It is part of the \texttt{preprint} collection of packages}\\
+% \textbf{It is intended for \LaTeXe}
+% \\ (but does include a variant for \LaTeX~2.09)
+% }
+%
+% \maketitle
+%
+% \pagestyle{myheadings}
+% \markboth{P. W. Daly}{NATURAL SCIENCES CITATIONS AND REFERENCES}
+%
+% \newcommand{\btx}{\textsc{Bib}\TeX}
+% \newcommand{\thestyle}{\texttt{\filename}}
+%
+%^^A In order to keep all marginal notes on the one (left) side:
+%^^A (otherwise they switch sides disasterously with twoside option)
+% \makeatletter \@mparswitchfalse \makeatother
+%
+% \begin{abstract}
+% Journals in the natural sciences tend to use the author--year style of
+% literature citations, in contrast to the numerical style supported by
+% \LaTeX{} and \btx. A number of contributed packages exist to accommodate this
+% citation mode, but each one is tailored to a limited number of \btx\ style
+% (\texttt{.bst} files. The reason is that each one reads in the author--year
+% information in different formats for the |\bibitem| commands.
+% In contrast,
+% the \thestyle{} package supports not only the various author--year
+% bibliography styles, but also those for standard numerical citations. In
+% fact, it can also produce numerical citations even with an author--year
+% bibliographic style, something that permits easy switching between the
+% two citation modes. To this end, replacements for the standard
+% \LaTeX\ \texttt{.bst} files are also provided.
+%
+% It is possible to define the citation \emph{style} (type of brackets and
+% punctuation between citations) and even to associate it with the name of the
+% bibliographic style so that it is automatically activated. Citation styles
+% can be defined for local \texttt{.bst} files by means of a configuration file
+% \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}.
+%
+% It is compatible with the packages: \texttt{index}, \texttt{showkeys},
+% \texttt{chapterbib}, \texttt{hyperref},
+% and with the classes \texttt{amsbook} and
+% \texttt{amsart}. It can also emulate the sorting and compressing
+% functions of the \texttt{cite} package (with which it is otherwise
+% incompatible).
+%
+% The \thestyle\ package therefore acts as a single, flexible interface for
+% most of the available bibliographic styles.
+%
+% \end{abstract}
+%
+% \section{Introduction}
+% The first problem of using author--year literature citations with standard
+% \LaTeX{} is that the two forms of citations are not supported. These are:
+% \begin{quote}
+% textual: \dots\ as shown by Jones et al. (1990) \dots\\
+% parenthetical: It has been shown (Jones et al., 1990) that \dots
+% \end{quote}
+% There is only one |\cite| command to do both jobs.
+%
+% A second problem is that the \texttt{thebibliography} environment for
+% listing the references insists on including the {\em labels\/} in the
+% list. These labels are normally the numbers, needed for referencing. In
+% the author--year system, they are superfluous and should be left off.
+% Thus, if one were to make up a bibliography with the author--year as
+% label, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{verbatim}
+% \begin{thebibliography}{...}
+% \bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{jon90}
+% Jones, P. K., . . .
+% \end{thebibliography}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \end{quote}
+% then |\cite{jon90}| produces the parenthetical citation [Jones et al.,
+% 1990], but there is no way to get the textual citation. Furthermore,
+% the citation text will also be included in the list of references.
+%
+% The final problem is to find a \btx{} bibliography style that will be
+% suitable.
+%
+% \section{Previous Solutions}
+% \begin{quote}\slshape
+% This section may not be of interest to all users. To find out how to use
+% \thestyle\ without reading about the historical background, go to
+% Section~\ref{sec:usage}.
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% Although the author--year citation mode is not supported by
+% \emph{standard} \LaTeX, there are a number of contributed packages that
+% try to solve this problem. The various bibliographic styles
+% (\texttt{.bst} files) that exist are usually tailored to be used with a
+% particular \LaTeX{} package.
+%
+% I have found a large number of \texttt{.bst} files on file servers that may
+% act as indicators of the various systems available.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{natsci.bst} Style}
+% What gave me my first inspiration was Stephen Gildea's \texttt{natsci.bst}
+% for use with his \texttt{agujgr.sty} file. This showed me that the problem
+% was solvable. However, Gildea's style formats |\bibitem| just as I
+% illustrated above: with an optional label consisting of abbreviated
+% authors and year. Thus only parenthetical citations can be accommodated.
+% The list of references, however, is fixed up in his style files.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{apalike.bst} Style}
+% Oren Patashnik, the originator of \btx{} and the standard \texttt{.bst}
+% files, has also worked on an author--year style, called \texttt{apalike.bst}
+% with a corresponding \texttt{apalike.sty} to support it. Again, only the
+% parenthetical citation is provided. Except for the fact that his style
+% works with version~0.99 of \btx, its functionality is identical to that
+% of the \texttt{natsci} files.
+%
+% Patashnik does not like author--year citations. He makes this very clear
+% in his \btx{} manuals and in the header to \texttt{apalike.bst}.
+% Nevertheless, one should respect his work in this area, simply because he
+% should be the best expert on matters of \btx. Thus \texttt{apalike.bst}
+% could be the basis for other styles.
+%
+% The form of the \texttt{thebibliography} entries in this system is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% the same as I illustrated earlier. This is the most minimal form that can
+% be given. I name it the \texttt{apalike} variant, after Patashnik's
+% \texttt{apalike.bst} and \texttt{apalike.sty}. However, there could be many
+% independent \texttt{.bst} files that follow this line.
+%
+% The bibliography style files belonging to this group include:
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{apalike}, \texttt{apalike2}, \texttt{cea}, \texttt{cell},
+% \texttt{jmb}, \texttt{phapalik}, \texttt{phppcf}, \texttt{phrmp}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{newapa} Style}
+% A major improvement has been achieved with \texttt{newapa.bst} and the
+% accompanying \texttt{newapa.sty} files by Stephen N. Spencer and Young U.
+% Ryu. Under their system, three separate items of information are included
+% in the |\bibitem| label, to be used as required. These are: the full
+% author list, the abbreviated list, and the year. This is accomplished by
+% means of a |\citeauthoryear| command included in the label, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones, Barker,|\\
+% | and Williams}{Jones et al.}{1990}]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% Actually, this only illustrates the basic structure of |\citeauthoryear|;
+% the \texttt{newapa} files go even further to replace some words and
+% punctuation
+% with commands. For example, the word `and' above is really
+% |\betweenauthors|, something that must be defined in the \texttt{.sty} file.
+% Of course, |\citeauthoryear| is also defined in that file. A
+% number of different |\cite| commands are available to print out the
+% citation with complete author list, with the short list, with or without
+% the date, the textual or parenthetical form.
+%
+% Thus the |\citeauthoryear| entry in |\bibitem| is very flexible,
+% permitting the style file to generate every citation form that one might
+% want. It is used by a number of other styles, with corresponding
+% \texttt{.sty} files. They all appear to have been inspired by
+% \texttt{newapa.bst}, although they lack the extra punctuation commands.
+%
+% Bibliographic style files belonging to the \texttt{newapa} group include
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{newapa}, \texttt{chicago}, \texttt{chicagoa}, \texttt{jas99},
+% \texttt{named}
+% \end{quote}
+% Note: the last of these, \texttt{named.bst}, uses |\citeauthoryear| in a
+% slightly different manner, with only two arguments: the short list and
+% year.
+%
+% \subsection{The Harvard Family}
+% The same effect is achieved by a different approach in the Harvard family
+% of bibliographic styles. Here a substitute for |\bibitem| is used, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\harvarditem[Jones et al.]{Jones, Baker, and|\\
+% | Williams}{1990}{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% The accompanying interface package file is called \texttt{harvard.sty}
+% and is written by Peter Williams and Thorsten Schnier. It
+% defines |\harvarditem| as well as the citation commands |\cite|, for
+% parenthentical, and |\citeasnoun|, for textual citations. The first
+% citation uses the long author list, following ones the shorter list, if
+% it has been given in the optional argument to |\harvarditem|.
+%
+% Bibliography styles belonging to the Harvard family are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{agsm}, \texttt{dcu}, \texttt{kluwer}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This package has been updated for \LaTeXe, with many additions to
+% add flexibility. The result is a powerful interface that should meet most
+% citation needs. (It does not suppress repeated authors, though,
+% as \thestyle{} does.)
+%
+% \subsection{The Astronomy Style}
+% Apparently realizing the limitations of his \texttt{apalike} system, Oren
+% Patashnik went on to develop a `true' \texttt{apa} bibliographic style,
+% making use of the method already employed by an astronomy journal. This
+% is actually very similar to the \texttt{newapa} label but with only the
+% short list of authors:
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Jones et al.}{1990}]{jon90}|\\
+% | ...|
+% \end{quote}
+% It requires the package file \texttt{astron.sty}
+% or any other style that defines |\astroncite| appropriately.
+%
+% Bibliographic styles belonging to the astronomy group are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{apa}, \texttt{astron}, \texttt{bbs}, \texttt{cbe},
+% \texttt{humanbio}, \texttt{humannat}, \texttt{jtb}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This is as good as the |\citeauthoryear| command, although not as
+% flexible since the full list of authors is missing.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{authordate} Style}
+% Finally, I have also found some packages making use of a label command
+% called |\citename| in the form
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citename{Jones et al., }1990]{jon90}|\\
+% | ...|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This is not a good system since the author list and date are not cleanly
+% separated as individual arguments, and since the punctuation is included
+% in the label text. It is better to keep the punctuation fully removed, as
+% part of the definitions in the \texttt{.sty} file, for complete flexibility.
+%
+% Bibliographic styles belonging to this group are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{authordate1}, \texttt{authordate2}, \texttt{authordate3},
+% \texttt{authordate4}, \texttt{aaai-named}
+% \end{quote}
+% with accompanying style file \texttt{authordate1-4.sty}.
+%
+% \section{The \thestyle{} System}
+% The form of the |\bibitem| entry that I have used for all my
+% bibliographic styles is only slightly more complicated than the minimal
+% one, but allows a clean separation between authors and date:
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)]{jon90}...|\\[1ex]
+% or alternatively\\[1ex]
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)Jones, Baker, |\\
+% \hspace*{2em}|and Williams]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% (One weakness of the \thestyle{} format is that it fails if the author
+% list itself contains parentheses! This may be fixed up if the author list
+% is grouped in curly braces.)
+%
+% I wanted to name the system something like `natural sciences bibliography',
+% intending it to be a variant of \texttt{natsci.sty}. Since that name
+% was already taken, I resorted to the rather cryptic, and definitely ugly,
+% \thestyle.
+%
+% The \thestyle\texttt{.sty} package\footnote{Formerly called a \emph{style
+% file} in the older \LaTeX~2.09 terminology.}
+% supports not only my own |\bibitem| format, but
+% also all the others described here, plus numerical citation modes.
+% The additional questions of citation style (type of brackets, commas or
+% semi-colons between citations) can be defined once and for all for each
+% \texttt{.bst} file and need never be specified explicitly in the source text.
+% The use of |\cite| is the same for all citation styles, meaning that the
+% additional features that might be available in the `proper' \texttt{.sty}
+% file will be missing. (This could be changed later.) The result is a
+% single \LaTeX{} package to handle {\em all\/} the bibliographic
+% styles in a uniform manner.
+%
+% As of version 5.1 (1994 June 22), the source file contains coding for a
+% \LaTeXe{} package file (the new standard) as well as that for an older
+% \LaTeX~2.09 style option file. The latter is extracted with the
+% \texttt{docstrip} option \texttt{209}.
+%
+% \begin{quote}\slshape
+% \textbf{New to version 6.0}: (1995 Sep 29) \\
+% In previous versions, each \texttt{.bst} file was either numerical or
+% author--year only. Applying the wrong mode led to grotesque results, and
+% the mode could not always be selected automatically. With version~6.0,
+% all the author--year bibliographic style files can also be used for
+% \emph{numerical} citations, by simply selecting the mode in one of the
+% ways described in Sections~\ref{sec:bibpunct} and \ref{sec:opts}. It is
+% not possible to employ author-year citations with pure numerical
+% \texttt{.bst} files, and never will be.
+%
+% See Section~\ref{sec:6.0} for more information.
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \section{Using this Package}\label{sec:usage}
+%
+% In this paper, I distinguish between the citation \emph{mode} (author--year
+% or numerical) and citation \emph{style} (the type of punctuation used for
+% citations). The citation style is something that is independent of the
+% bibliography style and is not programmed in the \texttt{.bst} files.
+%
+% \subsection{Basic Citation Commands}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citet}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citep}
+% The \thestyle{} package has two basic citation commands, |\citet| and
+% |\citep| for \emph{textual} and \emph{parenthetical} citations, respectively.
+% There also exist the starred versions |\citet*| and |\citep*| that print
+% the full author list, and not just the abbreviated one.
+% All of these may take one or two optional arguments to add some text before
+% and after the citation.
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citet{jon90}| & Jones et al. (1990)\\
+% |\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| & Jones et al. (1990, chap.~2)\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citep{jon90}| & (Jones et al., 1990)\\
+% |\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| & (Jones et al., 1990, chap.~2)\\
+% |\citep[see][]{jon90}| & (see Jones et al., 1990)\\
+% |\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| & (see Jones et al., 1990, chap.~2)\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citet*{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams (1990)\\
+% |\citep*{jon90}| & (Jones, Baker, and Williams, 1990)
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+% The starred versions can only list the full authors if the \texttt{.bst}
+% file supports this feature; otherwise, the abbreviated list is printed.
+%
+% In standard \LaTeX, the |\cite| command can only take a single optional
+% text for a note after the citation; here, a single optional text is a
+% post-note, while two are the pre- and post-note. To have only a pre-note, it
+% is necessary to provide an empty post-note text, as shown above.
+%
+% Multiple citations may be made as usual, by including more than one
+% citation key in the |\cite| command argument. \textsl{If adjacent citations
+% have the same author designation but different years, then the author
+% names are not reprinted.}
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citet{jon90,jam91}| & Jones et al. (1990); James et al. (1991)\\
+% |\citep{jon90,jam91}| & (Jones et al., 1990; James et al. 1991)\\
+% |\citep{jon90,jon91}| & (Jones et al., 1990, 1991)\\
+% |\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| & (Jones et al., 1990a,b)
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% These examples are for author--year citation mode. In numerical mode, the
+% results are different.
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citet{jon90}| & Jones et al. [21]\\
+% |\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| & Jones et al. [21, chap.~2]\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citep{jon90}| & [21]\\
+% |\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| & [21, chap.~2]\\
+% |\citep[see][]{jon90}| & [see 21, 1990]\\
+% |\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| & [see 21, chap.~2]\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| & [21, 32]
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+% The authors can only be listed if the \texttt{.bst} file supports
+% author--year citations. The standard \texttt{.bst} files, such as
+% \texttt{plain.bst} are numerical only and transfer no author--year
+% information to \LaTeX. In this case, |\citet| prints ``\textbf{(author?)}
+% [21].''
+%
+% {\slshape Do not use multiple citations with the |\citet| command in
+% numerical mode!}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\cite}
+% In the original versions of \thestyle, the traditional |\cite| command was
+% used for both textual and parenthetical citations. The presence of an empty
+% optional text in square brackets signaled parenthetical. This syntax has been
+% retained for compatibility, but is no longer encouraged.
+%
+% This means that |\cite| (without notes) is the same as |\citet| in
+% author--year mode, whereas in numerical mode, it is the same as |\citep|.
+% The starred version, as well as the one or two optional notes, may also be
+% used.
+%
+% \subsection{Extended Citation Commands}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citealt}
+% As an alternative form of citation, |\citealt| is the same as |\citet|
+% but \emph{without any parentheses}. Multiple references and the
+% starred variant also exist.
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citealt{jon90}| & Jones et al. 1990\\
+% |\citealt*{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams 1990\\
+% |\citealt{jon90,jam91}| & Jones et al. 1990; James et al. 1991
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeauthor}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeyear}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citefullauthor}
+% In author--year schemes, it is sometimes desirable to be able to refer to
+% the authors without the year, or vice versa. This is provided with three
+% extra commands
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citeauthor{jon90}| & Jones et al.\\
+% |\citefullauthor{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams\\
+% |\citeyear{jon90}| & 1990
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+% If the full author information is missing, then |\citefullauthor| is
+% the same as |\citeauthor|, printing only the abbreviated list.
+% This also applies to the starred versions of |\citet| and |\citep|.
+%
+% If the author or year information is missing (as is the case with the
+% standard \LaTeX{} \texttt{.bst} files), these commands issue a warning.
+%
+% As of version~6.0, these commands may also be used with numerical
+% citations, provided an author--year \texttt{.bst} file is being employed.
+%
+% The native \thestyle{} form of the |\bibitem| entry now
+% also supports the full author list.
+%
+% \textsl{Multiple citations are \emph{not} allowed with these commands.}
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation}\label{sec:bibpunct}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibpunct}
+% The above examples have been printed with the default citation style.
+% It is possible to change this, as well as to select numerical or
+% author--year mode, by means of the |\bibpunct| command, which takes
+% one optional and 6 mandatory arguments. The mandatory ones are:
+% \begin{enumerate}
+% \item the opening bracket symbol, default = (
+% \item the closing bracket symbol, default = )
+% \item the punctuation between multiple citations, default = ;
+% \item the letter `n' for numerical style, or `s' for numerical superscript
+% style, any other letter for
+% author--year, default = author--year; note, it is not necessary to
+% specify which author--year interface is being used, for all will be
+% recognized;
+% \item the punctuation that comes between the author names and the year
+% (parenthetical case only), default = ,
+% \item the punctuation that comes between years when common author lists
+% are suppressed (default = ,); if both authors and years are common,
+% the citation is printed as `1994a,b', but if a space is wanted between
+% the extra letters, then include the space in the argument, as |{,~}|.
+% \end{enumerate}
+%
+% The optional argument is the character preceding a post-note, default is a
+% comma.
+%
+% The |\bibpunct| command must be issued in the preamble, that is,
+% before |\begin{document}|. (\textbf{Note:} in versions 5.4 or earlier, this
+% declaration had to be given after the preamble!)
+%
+% Example~1, |\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{a}{}{;}| changes the output of
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\citep{jon90,jon91,jam92}|
+% \end{quote}
+% into [Jones et al. 1990; 1991, James et al. 1992].
+%
+% Example~2, |\bibpunct[;]{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{;}| changes the output of
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\citep[and references therein]{jon90}|
+% \end{quote}
+% into (Jones et al. 1990; and references therein).
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibstyle@xxx}
+% Usually the citation style is determined by the journal
+% for which one is writing, and is as much a part of the bibliography style
+% as everything else. The \thestyle{} package allows
+% punctuation definitions to be directly coupled to the
+% |\bibliographystyle| command that must always be present when \btx{} is
+% used. It is this command that selects the \texttt{.bst} file; by adding such
+% a coupling to \thestyle{} for every \texttt{.bst} file that one might
+% want to use, it is not necessary to add |\bibpunct| explicitly in the
+% document itself, unless of course one wishes to override the preset
+% values.
+%
+% Such a coupling is achieved by defining a command |\bibstyle@|{\em bst},
+% where {\em bst\/} stands for the name of the \texttt{.bst} file. For example,
+% the American Geophysical Union (AGU) demands in its publications that
+% citations be made with square brackets and separated by semi-colons. I
+% have an \texttt{agu.bst} file to accomplish most of the formatting, but such
+% punctuations are not included in it. Instead, \thestyle{} has the
+% definition
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\newcommand{\bibstyle@agu}{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,~}}|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% These style defining commands may contain more than just |\bibpunct|.
+% Some numerical citation scheme require even more changes. For example,
+% the journal \textsl{Nature} not only uses superscripted numbers for
+% citations, it also prints the numbers in the list of references without
+% the normal square brackets. To
+% accommodate this, \thestyle{} contains the style definition
+% \begin{quote}\begin{verbatim}
+% \newcommand{\bibstyle@nature}{\bibpunct{}{}{,}{s}{}{}%
+% \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \end{quote}
+% The redefined |\NAT@biblabelnum| command specifies how the reference numbers
+% are to be formatted in the list of references itself.
+% The redefinition must be made with |\gdef|, not |\def| or
+% |\renewcommand|.
+%
+% The selected punctuation style and other redefinitions will not be in
+% effect on the first \LaTeX{} run, for they are stored to the auxiliary
+% file for the subsequent run.
+%
+% The user may add more such definitions of his own, to accommodate those
+% journals and \texttt{.bst} files that he has. He may either add them to
+% his local copy of \thestyle\texttt{.sty}, or better put them into a file
+% named \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}. This file will be read in if it exists,
+% adding any local configurations. Thus such configurations can survive
+% future updates of the package. (This is for \LaTeXe{} only.)
+%
+% \medskip
+% \noindent\textbf{Note:}
+% with version~6.0, any explicit call to |\bibpunct| has priority over the
+% predefined citation styles.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citestyle}
+% A preprogrammed citation style is normally invoked by the command
+% |\bibliographystyle|, as described above. However, it may be that
+% one wants to apply a certain citation style to another bibliography
+% style. This may be done with |\citestyle|, given \emph{before}
+% |\begin{document}|. For example, to use the
+% \texttt{plain} bibliography style (for the list of references) with the
+% \textsl{Nature} style of citations (superscripts),
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\documentclass{article}|\\
+% |\usepackage{|\thestyle|}|\\
+% |. . . . .|\\
+% |\citestyle{nature}|\\
+% |\begin{document}|\\
+% |\bibliographystyle{plain}|\\
+% |. . . . .|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \noindent
+% \textbf{Note:} for versions 5.5 and later, all changes to the citation
+% style, including punctuation, must be made before |\begin{document}|,
+% which freezes the citation style.
+%
+% \subsection{Priority of Style Commands}\label{sec:priority}
+% The citation style (punctuation and mode) can be selected by means of the
+% |\bibpunct|, |\citestyle|, and predefined |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst}
+% commands. They can also be selected by \LaTeXe{} options
+% (Section~\ref{sec:opts}). What happens if there are several conflicting
+% selections?
+%
+% The lowest priority is assigned to the predefined |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst}
+% commands, since they are implicit and not obvious to the user. The
+% \LaTeXe{} options have the next priority. Finally, any selection by
+% |\bibpunct| and/or |\citestyle| overrides those of the other methods.
+%
+% \subsection{Other Formatting Options}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibsection}
+% The list of references normally appears as a |\section*| or |\chapter*|,
+% depending on the main class. If one wants to redesign one's own heading,
+% say as a numbered section with |\section|, then |\bibsection| may be
+% redefined by the user accordingly.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibfont}
+% The list of references is normally printed in the same font size and
+% style as the main body. However, it is possible to define |\bibfont|
+% to be font commands that are in effect within the \texttt{thebibliography}
+% environment.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibhang}
+% The list of references for author--year styles uses a hanging indentation
+% format: the first line of each reference is flush left, the following lines
+% are set with an indentation from the left margin. This indentation is 1~em
+% by default but may be changed by redefining (with |\setlength|) the
+% length parameter |\bibhang|.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibsep}
+% The vertical spacing between references in the list, whether author--year
+% or numerical, is controlled by the length |\bibsep|. If this is set to
+% 0~pt, there is no extra line spacing between references. The default
+% spacing depends on the font size selected in |\documentclass|, and is
+% almost a full blank line. Change this by redefining |\bibsep| with
+% |\setlength| command.
+%
+% \subsection{Automatic Indexing of Citations}
+%
+% (New to version 6.0; applies to \LaTeXe\ only)\\[1ex]
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindextrue}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindexfalse}
+% If one wishes to have the citations entered in the \texttt{.idx} indexing
+% file, it is only necessary to issue |\citeindextrue| at any point in the
+% document. All following |\cite| commands, of all variations, then insert
+% the corresponding entry to that file. With |\citeindexfalse|, these
+% entries will no longer be made.
+%
+% The |\bibitem| commands in the \texttt{thebibliography} environment will
+% also make index entries. If this is not desired, then issue
+% |\citeindexfalse| before |\bibliography| or |\begin{thebibliography}|.
+%
+% Of course, |\makeindex| must also be issued in the preamble to activate
+% indexing, as usual. Otherwise, no indexing is done at all.
+%
+% Make sure that the document has been processed at least twice after the
+% last \btx\ run before running the \texttt{makeindex} program.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\NAT@idxtxt}
+% The form of the index entries is set by the internal |\NAT@idxtxt|, which
+% can be redefined by hackers if wanted (in the \thestyle\texttt{.cfg} file
+% please). By default, it prints the short author list plus date in the
+% current parenthesis style.
+%
+% The \thestyle\ package can also be used with the \texttt{index} package of
+% David~M. Jones. The order in which the packages are loaded is not
+% important.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindextype}
+% In that package, multiple index lists may be made by means of a |\newindex|
+% command. For example, it may be desirable to put all the citation indexing
+% into a separate list. First that list must be initiated with, e.g.,
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\newindex{cite}{ctx}{cnd}{List of Citations}|
+% \end{quote}
+% and then the automatic citation indexing associated with this list with the
+% \thestyle\ command
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\renewcommand{\citeindextype}{cite}|
+% \end{quote}
+% See the documentation for \texttt{index.sty} for details.
+%
+% \subsection{Hyper\TeX\ Compatibility}
+% As of version~6.4, \thestyle\ is compatible with the \texttt{hyperref}
+% package of Sebastian Rahtz and Yannis Haralambous, for use with
+% Hyper\TeX. The compatibility is of a mutual nature: both packages contain
+% coding that interact with that of the other. Thus the version of
+% \texttt{hyperref} must be more recent than 1996 Oct~8.
+% ^^A Update the date when it is better known, after checking with Rahtz.
+%
+% \subsection{Multiple Bibliographies in One Document}\label{sec:chapbib}
+%
+% As of version 6.4, \thestyle\ is compatible with the \texttt{chapterbib}
+% package of Donald Arseneau and Niel Kempson,\relax
+% \footnote{I have used version 1.5 from 1995/10/09; cannot guarantee
+% earlier versions.}
+% which makes it possible to have several
+% bibliographies in one document. The usual application is to have
+% bibliographies in each chapter of a book, especially if they have been
+% written by different authors.
+%
+% The \texttt{chapterbib} package works in a very natural way for the
+% author; only the editor who puts all the chapters together into one book
+% has to do some extra work.
+%
+% The package makes use of the |\include| command, and it is in fact every
+% |\include|d file that has its own bibliography. For large books, it makes
+% very good sense to take advantage of this feature in any case.
+%
+% To review the use of |\include|, recall that the main file
+% \begin{verbatim}
+% \documentclass{...}
+% \includeonly{ch2}
+% \begin{document}
+% \include{ch1}
+% \include{ch2}
+% \include{ch3}
+% \end{document}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% will process only the file \texttt{ch2.tex} as though the files
+% \texttt{ch1.tex} and \texttt{ch3.tex} were also present. That is, all
+% counters, especially the page and section numbers, as well as
+% cross-referencing definitions, will function as if the whole document
+% were processed. The trick is that each |\include|d file has it own
+% \texttt{.aux} file containing these definitions, and they are all read
+% in every time, even if the corresponding \texttt{.tex} file is not. The
+% \texttt{.aux} files also contain the citation information for \btx,
+% something that the \texttt{chapterbib} package exploits.
+%
+% If |\usepackage{chapterbib}| has been given, the keys in each |\cite|
+% and |\bibitem| command are associated with the current |\include|d file
+% and are distinguished from the identical key in a different file. Each of
+% these files must contain its own |\bibliography| and |\bibliographystyle|
+% commands. One processes \btx\ on each file separately before processing
+% it under \LaTeX\ (at least twice).
+%
+% \subsubsection{Special Considerations for \thestyle\ and
+% \texttt{chapterbib}}
+%
+% The order in which the \texttt{chapterbib} and \thestyle\ packages are loaded
+% is unimportant.
+%
+% The \texttt{chapterbib} package provides an option \texttt{sectionbib}
+% that puts the bibliography in a |\section*| instead of |\chapter*|,
+% something that makes sense if there is a bibliography in each chapter.
+% This option will not work when \thestyle\ is also loaded; instead, add
+% the option to \thestyle. (The \texttt{sectionbib} option can always be
+% given, but it only has meaning for the \texttt{book} and \texttt{report}
+% classes, or for classes derived from them.)
+%
+% Every |\include|d file (with citations) must contain its own
+% |\bibliography| command where the bibliography is to appear. The database
+% files listed as arguments to this command can be different in each file,
+% of course. However, what is not so obvious, is that each file must also
+% contain a |\bibliographystyle| command, \emph{preferably with the same
+% style argument}. If different bibliography styles are specified for
+% different files, then the preprogrammed citation style (punctuation and
+% citation mode) will be that of the first bibliography style given. The
+% preprogrammed citation styles can only be changed in the preamble (see
+% Section~\ref{sec:priority}), something that guarantees a uniform style
+% for the entire document.\relax
+% \footnote{It would be relatively easy to allow changes in style anywhere
+% in the document, but this strikes me as bad policy. However, it is
+% provided for with the \texttt{docstrip} option \texttt{nopreonly}.}
+%
+% \subsection{Sorting and Compressing Numerical Citations}
+%
+% Another package by Donald Arseneau, \texttt{cite.sty}, reimplements the
+% entire (numerical) citation system such that one can control the
+% punctuation and citation format, all of which is done by \thestyle\ as
+% well. However, it also can sort and compress numerical citations,
+% something that is required by some journals.
+%
+% What this means is that when multiple citations are given with a single
+% |\cite| command, the normal order of the numbers is in the sequence
+% given. This is usually a wild list of numbers, such as [4,2,8,3]. With
+% the \texttt{cite} package, this list becomes [2--4,8].
+%
+% It is impossible to make the \texttt{cite} and \thestyle\ packages
+% compatible, since both reimplement |\cite| from scratch. Instead, I have
+% taken the necessary coding from \texttt{cite.sty} and modified it for
+% \thestyle{}. This coding becomes activated
+% by including the option \texttt{sort} in the |\usepackage| command.
+% It only affects numerical
+% citations, and has no influence on the author--year ones.
+%
+% \section{Numerical Citations with Author--Year Styles}\label{sec:6.0}
+%
+% (New to version 6.0)\\[1ex]
+% In earlier versions, each \texttt{.bst} file could be used either for
+% numerical or author--year citation mode, without any possibility of
+% switching. Obviously numerical \texttt{.bst} files can never be used for
+% author--year citations (the information is missing in the auxiliary file)
+% but there is no reason why the converse should not work.
+%
+% I have been frequently asked if I could implement this feature, and I at
+% first replied that it would be quite easy. That was a mistake. The
+% numerical information was missing in the auxiliary files, so the
+% |\cite| commands could never access it.
+%
+% \subsection{New Coding}
+% I have now recoded \thestyle{} so that the separation of author and year
+% information comes before the information is written to the auxiliary
+% file, and furthermore, a sequential number is also written. This permits
+% numerical citations with \emph{any} of the author--year bibliographic style
+% files.
+%
+% The recoding has made fewer internal changes than I expected. Any users
+% who have local redefinitions of my internals should be aware that of the
+% citation commands, only |\NAT@citexnum| has been altered. Otherwise the
+% changes are in the parsing commands |\NAT@parse| and |\NAT@parse@date|.
+% Of the external commands, |\bibitem| is completely redefined, and
+% |\citeauthor|, |\citeyear|, and |\citefullauthor| are different.
+%
+% Version~5.5 actually made far more internal changes: all internal
+% commands were renamed to conform to recommended \LaTeX{} coding
+% practices.
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Numerical Mode}
+% By default, \thestyle{} is in author--year mode. This can be changed by
+% \begin{enumerate}
+% \item selecting a numerical bibliography style with predefined
+% citation style, defined either in the package or in the local
+% configuration file;
+%
+% \item giving options \texttt{numbers} or \texttt{super} to the
+% |\usepackage| command;
+%
+% \item issuing |\bibpunct| with the 4th mandatory argument set to \texttt{n}
+% or \texttt{s};
+%
+% \item issuing |\citestyle| with the name of a predefined numerical
+% bibliography style.
+% \end{enumerate}
+% The methods are listed in order of increasing priority.
+%
+% The \thestyle{} package will automatically switch to numerical mode if
+% any one of the |\bibitem| entries fails to conform to the possible
+% author--year formats. There is no way to override this, since such an
+% entry would cause trouble in the author--year mode.
+%
+% There are certain special `numerical' styles, like that of the standard
+% \texttt{alpha.bst}, which include a non-numerical label in place of the
+% number, in the form
+% \begin{quote} |\bibitem[ABC95]{able95}| \end{quote}
+% As far as \thestyle\ is concerned, this label does not conform to the
+% author--year possibilities and is therefore considered to be numerical.
+% The citation mode switches to numerical, and |\cite{able95}| prints
+% [ABC95].
+%
+% \subsection{New Bibliography Styles}
+% I provided three new \texttt{.bst} files to replace the standard \LaTeX\
+% numerical ones:
+% \begin{quote}\ttfamily
+% plainnat.bst \qquad abbrvnat.bst \qquad unsrtnat.bst
+% \end{quote}
+% These produce reference lists in the same style as the corresponding
+% standard \texttt{.bst} file, but can only be used with \thestyle{}. The
+% advantage is that they can be used in both numerical and author--year
+% mode.
+%
+% In fact, \texttt{unsrtnat.bst} is rather silly for author--year
+% citations: the references are listed in the order they were cited, which
+% makes it difficult to find them. It is only included in case an author
+% wishes to switch from \texttt{plainnat} (author--year) to the unsorted
+% numerical mode, retaining the |\citeauthor| and |\citeyear| commands in
+% his paper.
+%
+% It is not possible to produce a modified version of \texttt{alpha.bst}
+% since it would conflict with the |\bibitem| format of \thestyle.
+%
+% The sample bibliography style file \texttt{natbib.bst} will no longer be
+% distributed. It merely represented a demonstration of the |\bibitem|
+% syntax for \thestyle, a function that is now taken over by
+% \texttt{plainnat.bst} and friends.
+%
+% \section{Local Configuration}
+% For \LaTeXe, it is possible to add a local configuration file
+% \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}, which is read in, if it exists, at
+% the end of the package. It may thus contain coding to supecede that in
+% the package, although its main purpose is to allow the user to add his
+% own |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} definitions to couple citation punctuation
+% with local bibliography styles.
+%
+% \section{Options with \LaTeXe}\label{sec:opts}
+% One of the new features of \LaTeXe{} is \emph{options} for the packages,
+% in the same way as main styles (now called \emph{classes}) can take
+% options. This package is now installed with
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\documentclass[..]{...}|\\
+% |\usepackage[|\emph{options}|]{|\thestyle|}|
+% \end{quote}
+% The options available provide another means of specifying the
+% punctuation for citations:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily round] (default) for round parentheses;
+% \item[\ttfamily square] for square brackets;
+% \item[\ttfamily curly] for curly braces;
+% \item[\ttfamily angle] for angle brackets;
+% \item[\ttfamily colon] (default) to separate multiple citations with
+% colons;
+% \item[\ttfamily comma] to use commas as separaters;
+% \item[\ttfamily authoryear] (default) for author--year citations;
+% \item[\ttfamily numbers] for numerical citations;
+% \item[\ttfamily super] for superscripted numerical citations, as in
+% \textsl{Nature};
+% \item[\ttfamily sort] puts multiple numerical citations in order and
+% compresses them if possible (as 3--6, 15);
+% \item[\ttfamily sectionbib] redefines |\thebibliography| to issue
+% |\section*| instead of |\chapter*|; valid only for classes with a
+% |\chapter| command; to be used with the \texttt{chapterbib} package.
+% \end{description}
+%
+% If any of these options are selected, the predefined citation styles in
+% the commands |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} will be no longer be effective.
+% If either |\bibpunct| or |\citestyle| is given in the preamble, the above
+% punctuation options will no longer hold.
+%
+% \section{As Module to Journal-Specific Styles}
+% Although \thestyle{} is meant to be an all-purpose bibliographic style
+% \emph{package}, it may also be incorporated as a module to other
+% packages for specific journals. In this case, many of the general features may
+% be left off. This is allowed for with \texttt{docstrip} options that not
+% only leave off certain codelines, but also include extra ones. So far,
+% options exist for
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack] produces a basic version with author--year only,
+% fixed citation punctuation, no |\bibpunct| nor |\citestyle| nor
+% predefined styles;
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack,egs] for journals of the \textsl{European Geophysical
+% Society}, in particular \textsl{Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics};
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack,agu] for \textsl{American Geophysical Union} journals.
+% \end{description}
+% The \texttt{subpack} option must always be used with \texttt{package}.
+%
+% Previous options \texttt{jgr} and \texttt{grl} have become obsolete due
+% to revisions in these journals; they have been replaced by the more
+% general \texttt{agu} option.
+%
+% \section{Summary}
+%
+% The following summary is included as comments at the beginning of the
+% \thestyle\texttt{.sty} file, for quick reference. Certain lines are
+% dependent on the \texttt{docstrip} options.
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*package&!subpack>
+% \fi
+% \begin{verbatim}
+ % This package reimplements the LaTeX \cite command to be used for various
+ % citation styles, both author-year and numerical. It accepts BibTeX
+ % output intended for many other packages, and therefore acts as a
+ % general, all-purpose citation-style interface.
+ %
+ % With standard numerical .bst files, only numerical citations are
+ % possible. With an author-year .bst file, both numerical and
+ % author-year citations are possible.
+ %
+ % If author-year citations are selected, \bibitem must have one of the
+ % following forms:
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)]{key}...
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)Jones, Baker, and Williams]{key}...
+%<*apalike|all>
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{key}...
+%</apalike|all>
+%<*newapa|chicago|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones, Baker, and Williams}{Jones
+ % et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+%</newapa|chicago|all>
+%<*astron|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Jones et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+%</astron|all>
+%<*authordate|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citename{Jones et al., }1990]{key}...
+%</authordate|all>
+%<*harvard|all>
+ % \harvarditem[Jones et al.]{Jones, Baker, and Williams}{1990}{key}...
+%</harvard|all>
+ %
+ % This is either to be made up manually, or to be generated by an
+ % appropriate .bst file with BibTeX.
+ % Author-year mode || Numerical mode
+ % Then, \citet{key} ==>> Jones et al. (1990) || Jones et al. [21]
+ % \citep{key} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990) || [21]
+ % Multiple citations as normal:
+ % \citep{key1,key2} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990; Smith, 1989) || [21,24]
+ % or (Jones et al., 1990, 1991) || [21,24]
+ % or (Jones et al., 1990a,b) || [21,24]
+ % \cite{key} is the equivalent of \citet{key} in author-year mode
+ % and of \citep{key} in numerical mode
+ % Full author lists may be forced with \citet* or \citep*, e.g.
+ % \citep*{key} ==>> (Jones, Baker, and Williams, 1990)
+ % Optional notes as:
+ % \citep[chap. 2]{key} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)
+ % \citep[e.g.,][]{key} ==>> (e.g., Jones et al., 1990)
+ % \citep[see][pg. 34]{key}==>> (see Jones et al., 1990, pg. 34)
+ % (Note: in standard LaTeX, only one note is allowed, after the ref.
+ % Here, one note is like the standard, two make pre- and post-notes.)
+ % \citealt{key} ==>> Jones et al. 1990
+ % \citealt*{key} ==>> Jones, Baker, and Williams 1990
+ % \citealt{key1,key2} ==>> Jones et al. 1990; Smith 1989
+ % Additional citation possibilities (both author-year and numerical modes)
+ % \citeauthor{key} ==>> Jones et al.
+ % \citeyear{key} ==>> 1990
+ % \citefullauthor{key} ==>> Jones, Baker, and Williams
+ % (Multiple keys NOT allowed!)
+ % Note: full author lists depends on whether the bib style supports them;
+ % if not, the abbreviated list is printed even when full requested.
+ %
+ % Defining the citation style of a given bib style:
+%<!nopreonly> % Use \bibpunct (in the preamble only) with 6 mandatory arguments:
+%<nopreonly> % Use \bibpunct (anywhere in the text) with 6 mandatory arguments:
+ % 1. opening bracket for citation
+ % 2. closing bracket
+ % 3. citation separator (for multiple citations in one \cite)
+ % 4. the letter n for numerical styles, s for superscripts
+ % else anything for author-year
+ % 5. punctuation between authors and date
+ % 6. punctuation between years when common authors missing
+ % One optional argument is the character coming before post-notes. It
+ % appears in square braces before all other arguments. May be left off.
+ % Example (and default) \bibpunct[,]{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}
+ %
+ % To make this automatic for a given bib style, named newbib, say, make
+ % a local configuration file, natbib.cfg, with the definition
+ % \newcommand{\bibstyle@newbib}{\bibpunct...}
+ % Then the \bibliographystyle{newbib} will cause \bibstyle@newbib to
+ % be called on THE NEXT LATEX RUN (via the aux file).
+ %
+%<!nopreonly> % Such preprogrammed definitions may be invoked in the text (preamble only)
+%<nopreonly> % Such preprogrammed definitions may be invoked anywhere in the text
+ % by calling \citestyle{newbib}. This is only useful if the style specified
+ % differs from that in \bibliographystyle.
+ %
+%<*!209>
+ % With \citeindextrue and \citeindexfalse, one can control whether the
+ % \cite commands make an automatic entry of the citation in the .idx
+ % indexing file. For this, \makeindex must also be given in the preamble.
+ %
+ % LaTeX2e Options: (for selecting punctuation)
+ % round - round parentheses are used (default)
+ % square - square brackets are used [option]
+ % curly - curly braces are used {option}
+ % angle - angle brackets are used <option>
+ % colon - multiple citations separated by colon (default)
+ % comma - separated by comma
+ % authoryear - selects author-year citations (default)
+ % numbers- selects numerical citations
+ % super - numerical citations as superscripts
+ % sort - sorts and compresses numerical citations
+ % sectionbib - puts bibliography in a \section* instead of \chapter*
+ % Punctuation so selected dominates over any predefined ones.
+ % LaTeX2e options are called as, e.g.
+ % \usepackage[square,comma]{natbib}
+%</!209>
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \iffalse
+ % LaTeX the source file natbib.dtx to obtain more details.
+ %-----------------------------------------------------------
+%</package&!subpack>
+% \fi
+%
+% \section{Options with \texttt{docstrip}}
+% The source \texttt{.dtx} file is meant to be processed with
+% \texttt{docstrip}, for which a number of options are available:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily all] includes all of the other interfaces;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily apalike] allows interpretation of minimal \texttt{apalike}
+% form of |\bibitem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily newapa] allows |\citeauthoryear| to be in the optional
+% argument of |\bibitem| along with the punctuation commands of
+% \texttt{newapa.sty};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily chicago] is the same as \texttt{newapa};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily harvard] includes interpretation of |\harvarditem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily astron] allows |\astroncite| to appear in the optional
+% argument of |\bibitem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily authordate] adds the syntax of the |\citename| command.
+%
+% \end{description}
+%
+% This package file is intended to act as a module for other class files
+% written for specific journals, in which case the flexible
+% |\bibstyle@|{\em bst\/} commands are not wanted. Punctuation and
+% other style features are to be rigidly fixed. These journal options are
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily agu] for journals of the \textsl{American Geophysical
+% Union};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily egs] for journals of the \textsl{European Geophysical
+% Society}, in particular \textsl{Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics}.
+%
+% \end{description}
+%
+% The remaining options are:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily package] to produce a \texttt{.sty} package file with most
+% comments removed;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily 209] (together with \texttt{package}) for a style option
+% file that will run under the older \LaTeX~2.09;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack] (together with \texttt{package}) for coding that
+% is to be included inside a larger package; even more comments are
+% removed, as well as \LaTeXe{} option handling and identification;
+% produces a basic \thestyle\ package for author--year only, fixed
+% citation style (punctuation);
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily nopreonly] allows |\citestyle| and |\bibpunct| to be
+% called anywhere in the text; this is considered possibly useful
+% with the \texttt{chapterbib} package where different chapters might
+% have different bibliography and citation styles; is only provided
+% in case I change my mind about this feature, but for now I
+% refuse to implement it;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily driver] to produce a driver \texttt{.drv} file that will
+% print out the documentation under \LaTeXe. The documentation cannot
+% be printed under \LaTeX~2.09.
+%
+% \end{description}
+% The source file \texttt{\filename.dtx} is itself a driver file and can
+% be processed directly by \LaTeXe.
+%
+% \StopEventually{\PrintIndex\PrintChanges}
+%
+% \section{The Coding}
+% This section presents and explains the actual coding of the macros.
+% It is nested between |%<*package>| and |%</package>|, which
+% are indicators to \texttt{docstrip} that this coding belongs to the package
+% file.
+%
+% The \texttt{docstrip} option |<subpack>| should only be called if the
+% coding is to be included as part of another package, in which case the
+% announcement text and \LaTeXe{} options are suppressed.
+%
+% An alternative version of this coding is provided for running as a
+% style file under \LaTeX~2.09. Code lines belonging to this are
+% indicated with guard |<209>|; those for LaTeXe{} only with |<!209>|.
+%
+% With \LaTeX\ release from \texttt{1995/12/01}, |\cite| is made robust,
+% something that I have adopted as well.
+%
+% Another change in the above release is that
+% |\G@refundefinedtrue|\footnote{In fact, it was only proposed to be
+% removed, but because several packages, including this one, were
+% adversely affected, the name was retained for the new coding.}
+% and the |\if@openbib| flag have been removed.
+% New, more effective, and compact, coding has replaced them. Rather than
+% relying on the kernel coding, I make \thestyle\ more
+% self-reliant.
+%
+% \subsection{Test for Specific Journals}
+% This package should not be loaded with the specific journal packages that
+% already include it; it is superfluous and can lead to contradictions.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*package>
+%<*!209&!subpack>
+\@ifclassloaded{aguplus}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The aguplus class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{nlinproc}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The nlinproc class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{egs}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The egs class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+%</!209&!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation and Other Modifications}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibstyle@xxx}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add \texttt{agsm} and \texttt{dcu} punctuation
+% styles from \texttt{harvard} series}
+% We begin by defining a number of punctuation styles for specific
+% author--year \texttt{.bst} files that I use.
+% They are placed here, near the beginning, so that another
+% user can easily find them to add his own. Some comments remain in the
+% stripped version too.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+ % Define citation punctuation for some author-year styles
+ % One may add and delete at this point
+%<!209> % Or put additions into local configuration file natbib.cfg
+\newcommand\bibstyle@chicago{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@named{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@agu{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,~}}%Amer. Geophys. Union
+\newcommand\bibstyle@egs{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Eur. Geophys. Soc.
+%<*all|harvard>
+\newcommand\bibstyle@agsm{\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{,}\gdef\harvardand{\&}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@kluwer{\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{,}\gdef\harvardand{\&}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@dcu{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{;}{,}\gdef\harvardand{and}}
+%</all|harvard>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Here give the explicit punctuation for the specific journals; their
+% coding need not contain the punctuation macros |\bibpunct| and
+% |\bibstyle@xxx| since the punctuation is fixed for them.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@aa{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{}{,}} %Astronomy & Astrophysics
+\newcommand\bibstyle@pass{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Planet. & Space Sci
+\newcommand\bibstyle@anngeo{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Annales Geophysicae
+\newcommand\bibstyle@nlinproc{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Nonlin.Proc.Geophys.
+%</!subpack>
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@open{[} \newcommand\NAT@close{]}
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;} \newcommand\NAT@cmt{,}
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,~}
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@open{(} \newcommand\NAT@close{)}
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;} \newcommand\NAT@cmt{,}
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Fix \texttt{esa} style for new note system}
+% Next, the same thing is done for some numerical styles. A major
+% difference here is that the |\@biblabel| and |\@cite| commands must also
+% be redefined in many cases. These redefinitions must be made with the
+% |\gdef| (global definition) command.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+ % Define citation punctuation for some numerical styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@cospar{\bibpunct{/}{/}{,}{n}{}{}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@esa{\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{n}{}{}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.\hspace{1em}}%
+ \gdef\NAT@citenum##1##2##3{\NAT@open \if\relax##2\relax\else
+ ##2\ \fi Ref.~##1\if\relax##3\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ ##3\fi\NAT@close}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@nature{\bibpunct{}{}{,}{s}{}{}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Finally, the standard \LaTeX{} (numerical) citation styles are included
+% along with their \thestyle\ modifications (author--year).
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ % The standard LaTeX styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@plain{\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{n}{}{}}
+\let\bibstyle@alpha=\bibstyle@plain
+\let\bibstyle@abbrv=\bibstyle@plain
+\let\bibstyle@unsrt=\bibstyle@plain
+ % The author-year modifications of the standard styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@plainnat{\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{a}{,}{,}}
+\let\bibstyle@abbrvnat=\bibstyle@plainnat
+\let\bibstyle@unsrtnat=\bibstyle@plainnat
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{\LaTeXe{} Options}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@numbers}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Add flag for switching between cite styles}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@super}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Add flag for switching between cite styles}
+% Two flags are used to keep track of the citation style. The flag
+% |\ifNAT@numbers| is \meta{false} by default (author--year) and switches
+% to \meta{true} for numerical citations. The flag |\ifNAT@super| indicates
+% if the numerical citation is to be done with superscripts.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifNAT@numbers \NAT@numbersfalse
+\newif\ifNAT@super \NAT@superfalse
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\DeclareOption}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add \LaTeXe{} options.}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add options \texttt{angle} and \texttt{curly}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Add option \texttt{bibstyle}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Execute \texttt{nobibstyle} with all options}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 27}{Add option \texttt{openbib}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add option \texttt{sectionbib}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 13}{Add option \texttt{sort}}
+% For \LaTeXe, we can define some options to be used with the |\usepackage|
+% command that loads the \thestyle{} package. These are an additional means
+% of specifying the citation punctuation and scheme.
+%
+% The standard option \texttt{openbib} is also defined here so that its
+% behaviour is entirely under my control. Relying on the standard classes
+% can lead to trouble.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\DeclareOption{numbers}{\NAT@numberstrue
+ \ExecuteOptions{square,comma,nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{super}{\NAT@supertrue\NAT@numberstrue
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{authoryear}{\NAT@numbersfalse
+ \ExecuteOptions{round,colon,bibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{round}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{(} \renewcommand\NAT@close{)}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{square}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{[} \renewcommand\NAT@close{]}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{angle}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{$<$} \renewcommand\NAT@close{$>$}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{curly}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{\{} \renewcommand\NAT@close{\}}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{comma}{\renewcommand\NAT@sep{,}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{colon}{\renewcommand\NAT@sep{;}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{nobibstyle}{\let\bibstyle=\@gobble}
+\DeclareOption{bibstyle}{\let\bibstyle=\@citestyle}
+\newif\ifNAT@openbib \NAT@openbibfalse
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{\NAT@openbibtrue}
+\DeclareOption{sectionbib}{\def\NAT@sectionbib{on}}
+\def\NAT@sort{0}
+\DeclareOption{sort}{\def\NAT@sort{1}}
+\@ifpackageloaded{cite}{\PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}
+ {The `cite' package should not be used\MessageBreak
+ with natbib. Use option `sort' instead}\ExecuteOptions{sort}}{}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Before version~6.0, the punctuation options had the lowest priority,
+% being overridden by any |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} command. It was necessary
+% to add the option \texttt{nobibstyle} to make them effective. Now this
+% option is automatically executed whenever a punctuation option is chosen.
+% The reason is that \texttt{nobibstyle} is either superfluous (no
+% predefined citation style is present) or always necessary to make the
+% other options meaningful.
+%
+% It seems to be better practice to make any explicit choices to have
+% higher priority over implicit ones.
+%
+% The option \texttt{bibstyle} reactivates the predefined commands, just in
+% case this is needed, as it is for the option \texttt{authoryear}. This
+% leaves the predefined styles functioning, since it does not really
+% determine the citation style, but rather establishes a default which may
+% be overwritten by a prestored one. For this reason, this option must be
+% defined very early so that any explicit punctuation options overwrite the
+% defaults. (Options are executed in the order defined.)
+%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation and Other Modifications}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibstyle}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Move \cs{ProcessOptions} to after definition
+% of \cs{bibstyle}}
+% The pre-defined punctuation styles are associated with particular
+% \texttt{.bst} files. This is implemented by means of the standard
+% |\bibliographystyle| command that specifies the name of the \texttt{.bst}
+% file that is to be used by \btx. Some \LaTeX{} manuals erroneously state
+% that this command must be issued prior to any |\cite| commands. If that
+% were the case, the task of invoking the style definitions would be much
+% easier, for they certainly must be issued before the first |\cite|.
+% However, I have always called |\bibliographystyle| together with
+% |\bibliography|, well after all |\cite| commands.
+%
+% In fact, all that |\bibliographystyle|\marg{bst} does is to write
+% |\bibstyle|\marg{bst} to the auxiliary file. This file, and all its
+% contents, will be read in at the beginning of the next \LaTeX{} run; to
+% be precise, it is read in by |\begin{document}|. The command |\bibstyle| is
+% then executed at that point on the next run. However, it is
+% defined to do nothing more than to swallow up its argument! In other
+% words, the combination |\bibliographystyle| and |\bibstyle| do absolutely
+% nothing to the \LaTeX{} runs. In fact, |\bibstyle| is a command for
+% \btx{} alone.
+%
+% I have taken advantage of this to redefine |\bibstyle| to execute the
+% \texttt{bst}-specific definitions. This definition is made here before
+% |\ExecuteOptions| so that options may make use of it; the option
+% \texttt{nobibstyle} turns it off, for example.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\renewcommand\bibstyle[1]{\@ifundefined{bibstyle@#1}{\relax}
+ {\csname bibstyle@#1\endcsname}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% This is executed only when the auxiliary file is read in, and that is
+% when |\begin{document}| is issued. Thus this is well before any |\cite|
+% commands. It is for this reason that any definitions in the
+% |\bibstyle@xxx| commands must be global.
+%
+% A minor problem arises in that the auxiliary file is read in a second
+% time, at the end of the run, to check whether any labels have changed.
+% Sometimes, re-executing the |\bibstyle@xxx| command at this point
+% produces error messages. To avoid this, |\bibstyle| is reset to its
+% normal, do-nothing, definition after |\begin{document}|.
+%
+% \LaTeXe{} provides a better way of adding commands to |\document|,
+% which is then exploited here. Paradoxically, the problem with re-reading
+% the auxiliary file does not seem to arise for this version.
+%
+% (|\NAT@set@cites| must also be executed at the start of the document; for
+% \LaTeXe, this is added later when the macro is defined.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*209>
+\let\ori@document=\document
+\renewcommand\document{\ori@document\global\let\bibstyle=\@gobble
+ \NAT@set@cites}
+%</209>
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\global\let\bibstyle=\@gobble}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citestyle}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 03}{Add macro}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Make preamble only}
+% To allow one to invoke preprogrammed punctuation styles that are
+% different from the name of the bibliography style specified by
+% |\bibliographystyle|, call |\citestyle| in the preamble. This then
+% deactivates |\bibstyle| so that any preprogrammed punctuations become
+% ineffective.
+%
+% This, and all other punctuation (citation style) declarations, may only
+% be used in the preamble, as of version 5.5. (Previously they could only
+% be used after the preamble, but the preamble is more logical.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\let\@citestyle\bibstyle
+\newcommand\citestyle[1]{\@citestyle{#1}\let\bibstyle\@gobble}
+%<!209&!nopreonly>\@onlypreamble{\citestyle}\@onlypreamble{\@citestyle}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibpunct}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add superscript style of citations}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Use flags to select citation style}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Make preamble only}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Sets \cs{bibstyle} to \cs{@gobble}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Declare \cs{NAT@numbersfalse} before testing 4th
+% argument}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Add optional argument for \cs{NAT@cmt}}
+% Now |\bibpunct| is defined. It sets various punctuation commands equal to
+% its arguments. It also switches to numerical style if that is specified
+% by the fourth argument. This is done by setting the citation style
+% flag |NAT@numbers| accordingly. The internal cite macros are later
+% set to the style-dependent definitions by calling |\NAT@set@cites|.
+%
+% The fourth argument can also be \texttt{s} for superscript, which
+% sets both the numerical and the |\NAT@super| flags.
+%
+% An optional argument has been added to determine the punctuation that
+% precedes a trailing note. This makes the counting of mandatory arguments
+% somewhat confused, since the fourth argument is now |#5|.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<!209>\newcommand\bibpunct[7][,]%
+%<209>\newcommand\bibpunct{\@ifnextchar[{\@bibpunct}{\@bibpunct[,]}}
+%<209>\def\@bibpunct[#1]#2#3#4#5#6#7%
+ {\gdef\NAT@open{#2}\gdef\NAT@close{#3}\gdef
+ \NAT@sep{#4}\global\NAT@numbersfalse\ifx #5n\global\NAT@numberstrue
+ \else
+ \ifx #5s\global\NAT@numberstrue\global\NAT@supertrue
+ \fi\fi
+ \gdef\NAT@aysep{#6}\gdef\NAT@yrsep{#7}%
+ \gdef\NAT@cmt{#1}%
+ \global\let\bibstyle\@gobble
+%<nopreonly> \NAT@set@cites
+ }
+%<*!nopreonly>
+%<!209>\@onlypreamble{\bibpunct}
+%<209>\def\do{\noexpand\do\noexpand}
+%<209>\edef\@preamblecmds{\@preamblecmds \do\bibpunct \do\citestyle}
+%</!nopreonly>
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The command turns off |\bibstyle| so that the predefined
+% |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} commands no longer work. Thus |\bibpunct| has
+% priority over the predefined styles.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Setting the Defaults}
+% For \LaTeXe, the defaults (punctuation and scheme type) are set with the
+% |\ExecuteOptions| command. For \LaTeX~2.09, the default scheme is
+% author--year, and punctuation can only be set with |\bibpunct|.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@open}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citebegin}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@close}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citeend}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@sep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citesep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@aysep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@auyrsep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@yrsep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@yrsep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@cmt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Add macro}
+% The five punctuation characters for citations are the start and stop
+% brackets, the character between multiple citations, the character between
+% the authors and year (parenthetical only), and the character between
+% adjacent years when the common author list is omitted.
+% A sixth one has been added: the character preceding post-notes.
+% Define their default values.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@open{(} \newcommand\NAT@close{)}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Remove \cs{ExecuteOptions} since default
+% style determined by definitions}
+% The option \texttt{authoryear} was originally provided to serve as the
+% default; hence its definition includes \texttt{bibstyle}. However, this
+% is not necessary since all the appropriate parameters are set to these
+% values anyway. (One could consider removing \texttt{bibstyle}.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+%\ExecuteOptions{authoryear}
+\ProcessOptions
+%</!subpack&!209>
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@cmt{,}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{Internal Citing Macros}
+% A number of internal macros (|\@citex|, |\@cite|, |\@biblabel|, and
+% |\@bibsetup|) need to have different definitions for author--year and
+% numerical schemes. They are defined here for the two different styles,
+% with different names, and which ones become active depend on the citation
+% style flags |\ifNAT@numbers| and |\ifNAT@super|.
+%
+% The coding for the journals always defines the internal macros directly
+% as the author--year version, since they can never do any switching.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@cite}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@cite}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Dec 2}{Reversed optional text no longer needs to include
+% a trailing blank}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add optional notes after as well as before
+% citation.}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add command space in place of space}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Use \cs{if}\cs{relax}\texttt{\#2}\cs{relax}
+% in place of \cs{if}\texttt{\#2}\cs{@empty}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@cite}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citenum}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add optional notes after as well as before
+% citation.}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add command space in place of space}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Use \cs{if}\cs{relax}\texttt{\#2}\cs{relax}
+% in place of \cs{if}\texttt{\#2}\cs{@empty}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citenum}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citesuper}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add macro for superscripts}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citesuper}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Prints post-note only if present}
+% \changes{6.2}{1995 Feb 2}{Get superscript font size right; use
+% \cs{textsuperscript}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Numericals always print notes if present, do not
+% test for any flag first}
+% Define the internal |\@cite| commands that prints the assembled string
+% of citation label texts, plus possible optional notes, before and after.
+% The numerical version is almost the same, except that the brackets
+% |\NAT@open| and |\NAT@close| are always present and the optional notes are
+% included if they are present. For author-year, the notes are included (if
+% present) here only for parenthetical citations (|\ifNAT@swa| if \meta{true})
+% and for textual citations, they are printed by the |\NAT@citex|.
+%
+% The superscript citation prints only the following, not the preceding,
+% note, and then only if it is present.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\renewcommand\@cite%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@cite%
+ [3]{\ifNAT@swa\NAT@open\if\relax#2\relax\else#2\ \fi
+ #1\if\relax#3\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ #3\fi\NAT@close\else#1\fi}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@citenum[3]{\NAT@open\if\relax#2\relax\else
+ #2\ \fi #1\if\relax#3\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ #3\fi\NAT@close}
+\newcommand\NAT@citesuper[3]{\unskip\hspace{1pt}\textsuperscript{#1}%
+ \if\relax#3\relax\else\ (#3)\fi}
+%<!209>\providecommand
+%<209>\newcommand
+ \textsuperscript[1]{\mbox{$^{\mbox{\scriptsize#1}}$}}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@citex}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Use \cs{NAT@citeundefined}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citexnum}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Make like \LaTeXe{} definition instead of 2.09}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citexnum}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Prints \cs{NAT@num} instead of \cs{b@citeb}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Add \cs{NAT@space} for variable spacing between
+% numericals and superscripts}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% The original definition of |\@citex| is now used to define |\NAT@citexnum|,
+% the version for numerical citations. What it does is to write a
+% |\citation| command to the auxiliary file (for \btx), and then parses the
+% second argument, the list of citation keys. These keys have to be decoded
+% into the actual label text contained in |\b@|\emph{key} (a number or
+% author--year), and put together as the argument of |\@cite|.
+%
+% The temporary command |\@citeb| takes on the value of each of the keys in
+% turn; |\@citea| is the separator between multiple citations, initially
+% set to nothing, becoming |\NAT@sep| plus line-break suppression
+% afterwards. The |\@firstofone| macro removes any leading blanks in
+% |\@citeb|, making |\cite{key1, key2}| possible. If |\b@|\emph{key} is
+% not defined (as on the first run, for example), a warning is printed, and
+% a question mark inserted. Finally, the decoded label text is placed into
+% an |\hbox| to prevent it from being split.
+%
+% As of version 6.0, the numerical label text is to be found in |\NAT@num|,
+% whereas previously it was the entire label, |\b@|\emph{key}.
+%
+% Note that here, and in later coding, internal names beginning with
+% |\@cite..| are employed; these names are used in the original \LaTeX{}
+% coding for the same functions. Therefore, if there are other packages
+% that have name conflicts with \thestyle, they will also have conflicts with
+% standard \LaTeX\ too.
+%
+% For compatibility with the \texttt{chapterbib} package of Donald Arseneau,
+% add |\@extra@b@citeb| to the cite key; this contains the number of the
+% included file in order to distinguish the same citation in separate files
+% which then belong to different bibliography listings.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\let\@firstofone\@iden
+%<!209>\providecommand\@firstofone[1]{#1}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@citexnum{}
+\def\NAT@citexnum[#1][#2]#3{\let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#3\do
+ {\@citea\def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+ \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209>{\reset@font\bfseries?}
+%<!209> \NAT@citeundefined\PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{\@citeb}\hbox{\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb}%
+ \NAT@num\hyper@natlinkend}}}}{#1}{#2}}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citex}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Make like \LaTeXe{} definition instead of 2.09}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Change space to command space for text cites}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Add test for adjacent citations having equal
+% authors and years}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citex}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Move \cs{ifNAT@full} test from
+% \cs{NAT@parse} to here}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% The author--year version of |\@citex| is now defined.
+% It starts off much the same as the numerical version. However, it wants
+% the authors and year for each decoded label text to be separated into
+% |\NAT@nm| and |\NAT@date|. This is done by the routine |\NAT@parse|.
+% The names of the authors in the previous key are stored in
+% |\NAT@last@nm|,
+% and if that is the same as the current names, it is not printed again.
+% The output citation text is not put into an |\hbox| since line division
+% may occur within the author--year citation. The output is formatted
+% differently for parenthetical (|\NAT@swa| \meta{true}) and textual
+% (|\NAT@swa| \meta{false}) cases.
+%
+% |\NAT@nm| will contain either |\NAT@name| or |\NAT@all@names| depending
+% on the state of |\ifNAT@full|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\def\@citex%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@citex{}
+%<!subpack>\def\NAT@citex%
+ [#1][#2]#3{\let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\let\NAT@nm\@empty\let\NAT@year\@empty
+ \@for\@citeb:=#3\do
+ {\edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{\@citea%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb}%
+ \let\NAT@last@nm=\NAT@nm\let\NAT@last@yr=\NAT@year
+ \NAT@parse{\@citeb}\ifNAT@full\let\NAT@nm\NAT@all@names\else
+ \let\NAT@nm\NAT@name\fi
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Begin parenthetical citation. Check if author names the same as in the
+% previous citation, and if so, also check if the years are the same.
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 8}{Add \cs{unskip} to avoid double spacing
+% between years}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Add optional notes for textual citations}
+% If so, citations are printed `1994a,b'; if a space is wanted between
+% the letters, as `1994a,~b', then give |\NAT@yrsep| as |{,~}|. For this
+% reason, the |\unskip| is needed when the space between years is printed
+% to avoid two spaces.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \ifNAT@swa
+ \ifx\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm\NAT@yrsep
+ \ifx\NAT@last@yr\NAT@year \NAT@exlab\else\unskip\ \NAT@date\fi
+ \else\@citea{\NAT@nm}\NAT@aysep
+ \ \NAT@date \fi \def\@citea{\NAT@sep\ }%
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Begin textual citation. Do same checks for repeated names and years.
+% Optional notes are added here, not in |\NAT@cite|, which means for
+% multiple citations, each one will receive the notes in the year part.
+% (Pre-notes are questionable for this, but include them anyway.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \else
+ \ifx\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm\NAT@yrsep\ifx\NAT@last@yr\NAT@year
+ \NAT@exlab\else \unskip\ \NAT@date\fi
+ \else\@citea{\NAT@nm}\ \NAT@open\if\relax#1\relax\else#1\ \fi
+ \NAT@date\fi
+ \def\@citea{\NAT@close\NAT@sep\ }%
+ \fi \hyper@natlinkend
+ }}\ifNAT@swa\else\if\relax#2\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ #2\fi
+ \NAT@close\fi}{#1}{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@biblabel}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@biblabel}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@biblabel}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@biblabelnum}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@biblabelnum}}
+% Similarly for the |\@biblabel| command, that is used to format the
+% citation label in the list of references, define the author--year
+% and the numerical versions. For the former, no labels are
+% printed in the list of references.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\renewcommand\@biblabel[1]{\hfill}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@biblabel[1]{\hfill}
+\newcommand\NAT@biblabelnum[1]{[#1]}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@bibsetup}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bibsetup}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add \cs{bibhang} for variable hanging
+% indentation}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@bibsetup}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bibsetnum}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Add \cmd{\if@openbib} as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@bibsetnum}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Use \cs{ifNAT@openbib}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Mar 05}{Add \cs{bibsep} for linespacing between
+% references}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 10}{Set \cs{bibsep} to 0 for EGS}
+% The macro |\@bibsetup| is called by |\thebibliography| and contains any
+% coding for formatting the list of references that may be different for
+% numerical and author--year schemes. For numerical citations, the
+% |\labelwidth| must be set to the size of the longest label (the argument
+% of |\thebibliography|), and the |\leftmargin| adjusted accordingly. For
+% author--year, there are no labels, so |\labelwidth| is zero, all lines
+% after the first are indented by 1~em.
+%
+% Since |\thebibliography| is not included in the \textsl{AGU} package,
+% this macro is left off here too.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!agu>
+%<*!egs>
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@bibsetnum[1]{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}\addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}%
+ \setlength{\itemsep}{\bibsep}\setlength{\parsep}{\z@}%
+%<*!209>
+ \ifNAT@openbib
+ \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\bibindent}%
+ \setlength{\itemindent}{-\bibindent}%
+ \setlength{\listparindent}{\itemindent}%
+ \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
+ \fi
+%</!209>
+}
+%</!subpack>
+%</!egs>
+\newlength{\bibhang}
+\setlength{\bibhang}{1em}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% The length |\bibsep| is to be the spacing between listed references.
+% This is normally the regular line spacing between |\item|s in a
+% \texttt{list} environment, which is |\itemsep| + |\parsep|. These are set
+% by |\@listi|. Therefore, in order to set |\bibsep| to the default value,
+% call |\@listi| locally and globally set it.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newlength{\bibsep}
+%<!egs>{\@listi \global\bibsep\itemsep \global\advance\bibsep by\parsep}
+%<egs>\setlength{\bibsep}{\z@}
+
+%<subpack>\newcommand\@bibsetup%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@bibsetup%
+ [1]{\setlength{\leftmargin}{\bibhang}\setlength{\itemindent}{-\leftmargin}%
+ \setlength{\itemsep}{\bibsep}\setlength{\parsep}{\z@}}
+%</!agu>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@set@cites}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{New macro to set the internal macros to
+% numerical or author--year}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 17}{Add \cs{natexlab}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Remove \cs{global} from definitions and \cs{let}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Define \cs{NAT@space} differently for
+% numericals and superscripts}
+% The four internal macros that have different definitions depending on the
+% citation style have been defined with different names; now set the macros
+% to be executed to that set that is actually wanted. This is determined by
+% the flags |\ifNAT@numbers| and |\ifNAT@super|. The setting command
+% |\NAT@set@cites| is executed by |\begin{document}|, after which point,
+% the citation style should be frozen.
+%
+% The command |\natexlab| is used in the \texttt{.bst} files to enclose the
+% extra labels (the letters added to the dates); these are to be suppressed
+% for numerical citations.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@set@cites{\ifNAT@numbers
+ \ifNAT@super \let\@cite\NAT@citesuper
+ \let\NAT@space\relax\else
+ \let\@cite\NAT@citenum \def\NAT@space{ }\fi
+ \let\@citex\NAT@citexnum
+ \let\@biblabel\NAT@biblabelnum
+ \let\@bibsetup\NAT@bibsetnum
+ \def\natexlab##1{}%
+ \else
+ \let\@cite\NAT@cite
+ \let\@citex\NAT@citex
+ \let\@biblabel\NAT@biblabel
+ \let\@bibsetup\NAT@bibsetup
+ \def\natexlab##1{##1}%
+ \fi}
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\NAT@set@cites}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Add \texttt{showkeys} coding for \cs{@citex}}
+% Since |\citep|, |\citet|, and |\citealt| are all ultimately defined in
+% terms of the |\@citex| command, the best way to get the \texttt{showkeys}
+% package to handle these is to let it accommodate only |\@citex|. David
+% Carlisle has allowed for \thestyle, but only for |\cite| with variable number
+% of arguments, |\citeauthor|, |\citefullauthor|, and |\citeyear|. Add the
+% necessary coding at the beginning, after we know if \texttt{showkeys}
+% has been loaded or not, and |\@citex| has its final definition.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{showkeys}{%
+\let\SK@citex\@citex
+ \def\@citex[#1][#2]#3{\SK@\SK@@ref{#3}\SK@citex[#1][#2]{#3}}
+}{}}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{The Citations}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citet}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 11}{Add macro for textual cite in numerical mode}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Make this standard textual citation, with notes}
+% Textual citations are made with the |\citet| command, which has a starred
+% form for full authors, and may have one or two optional arguments for notes.
+%
+% This command is equivalent to the older syntex |\cite|\marg{key} without
+% optional arguments, at least in author--year mode. In numerical mode,
+% it prints the authors and then the numerical reference, whereas |\cite|
+% will only print the number. This simplifies the switching between the two
+% modes with minimal changes in text. One wants to replace ``as shown by Jones
+% et~al.\ (1990)'' with ``as shown by Jones et~al.\ [21]''; with |\cite|,
+% one would get ``as shown by [21]''.
+%
+% This is such a practical idea, that I have decided to make it the standard
+% means of textual citing. It now even allows optional notes in textual cites,
+% something that I have been asked to provide, and which is impossible under
+% the old syntex with |\cite|.
+%
+% Note that the flag |\ifNAT@swa| determines if the citation is textual or
+% parenthetical, and |\ifNAT@full| whether abbreviated or full author names
+% are to be printed.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifNAT@full\NAT@fullfalse
+\newif\ifNAT@swa
+%<209>\renewcommand\citet
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citet
+ {\NAT@swafalse
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citet}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citet}}
+\newcommand\NAT@citet{\@ifnextchar[{\NAT@@citet}{\NAT@@citet[]}}
+\newcommand\NAT@@citet{}
+\def\NAT@@citet[#1]{\@ifnextchar[{\NAT@@@citet[#1]}{\NAT@@@citet[][#1]}}
+\newcommand\NAT@@@citet{}
+\def\NAT@@@citet[#1][#2]#3{%
+%<!subpack> \ifNAT@numbers\ifNAT@full\citefullauthor{#3}\else
+%<!subpack> \citeauthor{#3}\fi\ \fi
+ \@citex[#1][#2]{#3}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% This command can only handle single keys (in numerical mode).
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Add macro as shorthand for \cs{cite[]}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Make this standard parenthetical citation,
+% with notes}
+% Parenthetical citations are made with the |\citep| command, which has a
+% starred
+% form for full authors, and may have one or two optional arguments for notes.
+%
+% This command was originally added by special request to be a simplification
+% for |\cite[]|\marg{key}, and I added it grudgingly. After I reprogrammed
+% \thestyle\ to handle author--year and numerical citations with the same
+% \texttt{.bst} file, I needed to add the |\citet| command, and this one
+% became an obvious companion for parenthetical citations. I have now altered
+% its coding to be the standard, being fully equivalent in functionality
+% to the older syntax |\cite|\oarg{pre}\oarg{post}\marg{key}.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\renewcommand\citep
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citep
+ {\NAT@swatrue
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citep}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citep}}
+\newcommand\NAT@citep{\@ifnextchar[{\NAT@@citep}{\NAT@@citep[]}}
+\newcommand\NAT@@citep{}
+\def\NAT@@citep[#1]{\@ifnextchar [{\@citex[#1]}{\@citex[][#1]}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\cite}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add a second optional argument.}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Add starred version to print full author list.}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Replace \cmd{\if@tempswa} with \cmd{\ifNAT@swa}.}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Declare obsolete, retained for compatibility}
+% The |\cite| command was originally used to produce both textual and
+% parenthetical citations; with an option argument, even an empty one,
+% the citation was parenthical. I now recommend the use of |\citet| and
+% |\citep| instead, retaining |\cite| only for compatibility.
+%
+% It is equivalent to |\citep| in numerical mode, so it can in fact be
+% used as standard \LaTeX\ syntax with numerical citations.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\renewcommand\cite
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\cite
+ {\@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@cites}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@cites}}
+\newcommand\NAT@cites{\@ifnextchar [{\NAT@swatrue\NAT@@citep}{\NAT@swafalse
+ \NAT@@citep[]}}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citealt}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 16}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Uses \cs{citet} instead of \cs{cite}}
+% An alternative form of citation is one in which the parentheses are not
+% printed. Since the effect of this command is exactly the same as the
+% regular |\citet| but with |\NAT@open| and |\NAT@close| set to blank,
+% define it just in that way. The starred version for full authors can be
+% retained. Notes are not possible, and would be unnecessary without braces.
+%
+% This form has been added at the request of Alexander Holt, who wishes to
+% be able to print all three flavours: parenthetical, textual with
+% parentheses, and textual without. The |\citealt| command must be able to
+% handle multiple references and use the same punctuation scheme as
+% |\citet|.
+%
+% By defining |\citealt| in terms of |\citet|, not only do I save
+% considerable programming effort, but David Carlisle's \texttt{showkeys}
+% package will work with this command too.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+%<209>\renewcommand\citealt
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citealt
+ {\@ifstar{\NAT@alts}{\NAT@alt}}
+\newcommand\NAT@alt[1]{{\ifNAT@numbers\else
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{}\renewcommand\NAT@close{}\fi\cite{#1}}}
+\newcommand\NAT@alts[1]{{\ifNAT@numbers\else
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{}\renewcommand\NAT@close{}\fi\cite*{#1}}}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeauthor}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add means to cite authors only.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Enclose \cs{@citenm} in braces.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add auxiliary file entry.}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty author}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% \begin{macro}{\citeyear}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add means to cite year only.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add auxiliary file entry.}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty year}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Extra letter also printed with year number}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% In an author--year scheme, it is sometimes necessary to refer to the
+% authors of a work without the year. It might even be necessary to refer
+% to the year alone, but I can hardly imagine that. Both possibilities are
+% allowed for here.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\citeauthor[1]{\if@filesw\immediate\write
+ \@auxout{\string\citation{#1}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `#1' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{#1}\ifx\NAT@noname\NAT@name
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf(author?)}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries(author?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Author undefined for citation `#1'
+%<209> ^^J
+%<!209> \MessageBreak
+ on page \thepage}\else
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{#1}\NAT@name\hyper@natlinkend}\fi}%
+}
+\newcommand\citeyear[1]{\if@filesw\immediate\write
+ \@auxout{\string\citation{#1}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `#1' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{#1}\if\relax\NAT@date\relax
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf(year?)}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries(year?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Year undefined for citation `#1'
+%<209> ^^J
+%<!209> \MessageBreak
+ on page \thepage}\else
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{#1}\NAT@date\hyper@natlinkend}\fi}%
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citefullauthor}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro for those bib styles with full author
+% list available}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty author}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% Some of the author--year bibliography styles supported here (\texttt{harvard}
+% and \texttt{newapa}) allow a citation with the full author list, because
+% they have the necessary information in the |\bibitem| entry. With
+% version~5.3, I change the native form of this entry to allow
+% full authors too.
+%
+% Since I now have a starred form of |\cite| for the full author list, it
+% might be reasonable to use a starred |\citeauthor| instead of
+% |\citefullauthor|. However, that will conflict with the provisions for
+% \thestyle{} to be found in Carlisle's \texttt{showkeys} package. That's life.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\citefullauthor[1]{\if@filesw\immediate\write
+ \@auxout{\string\citation{#1}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `#1' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{#1}\ifx\NAT@noname\NAT@all@names
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf(author?)}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries(author?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Author undefined for citation `#1'
+%<209> ^^J
+%<!209> \MessageBreak
+ on page \thepage}\else
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{#1}\NAT@all@names\hyper@natlinkend}\fi}%
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Parsing the Author--Year Entries}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@parse}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add parsing command, with additional
+% font and sub-accent commands relaxed}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{For \LaTeXe{} of \texttt{1994/06/01},
+% can protect font and sub-accents much better}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 24}{2.09 version to run in compatibility mode}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add full author list}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Support starred version of \cs{cite} for full
+% author list}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 26}{Use \cs{@unexpandable@protect} in place of
+% \cs{noexpand}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Call \cs{@parse@date} to split date into year and
+% extra label}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Rename from \cs{@cite@parse}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Remove \cs{relax} from expanded \cs{@tempa}
+% definition; no longer needed under new system}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Prevent expansion of forced space (tilde)}
+% The |\bibcite| commands in the auxiliary file associate the numerical and
+% author--year information with the |\bibitem| key, which is the argument to
+% |\NAT@parse|. As of version~6.0, the information is stored in
+% |\b@|\emph{key} for each citation, as four separate items.
+% \begin{quote}\begin{tabular}{lll}
+% 1. & |\NAT@num| & sequence number or non-author--year label \\
+% 2. & |\NAT@date| & year, with possible extra label \\
+% 3. & |\NAT@name| & short author list \\
+% 4. & |\NAT@all@names| & long author list (optional)
+% \end{tabular}\end{quote}
+% In order to define each of the above commands as the appropriate item, it
+% is first necessary to expand |\b@|\emph{key} into a temporary command
+% |\NAT@temp|, which is then used as the argument of |\NAT@split|, which
+% makes the individual assignments.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@parse[1]{{%
+%<*209>
+ \@ifundefined{documentclass}
+ {\let\prm=\relax\let\psf=\relax\let\ptt=\relax\let\pbf=\relax
+ \let\psl=\relax\let\psc=\relax\let\pit=\relax\let\pem=\relax
+ \let\prmfamily=\relax\let\psffamily=\relax\let\pttfamily=\relax
+ \let\pbfseries=\relax\let\pslshape=\relax\let\pscshape=\relax
+ \let\pitshape=\relax\let\pmdseries=\relax\let\pupshape=\relax
+ \let\pc=\relax \let\pd=\relax \let\pb=\relax}
+ {\let\protect=\@unexpandable@protect\let~\relax}%
+%</209>
+%<!209> \let\protect=\@unexpandable@protect\let~\relax
+ \xdef\NAT@temp{\csname b@#1\@extra@b@citeb\endcsname}}%
+ \expandafter\NAT@split\NAT@temp
+ \expandafter\NAT@parse@date\NAT@date??????@@%
+%<!subpack&!209> \ifciteindex\NAT@index\fi
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Some further notes on the above: for 2.09 it is necessary to turn off all the
+% protected font commands |\prm| etc.\ when the label text is expanded into
+% |\NAT@temp|, for otherwise there will be problems with the New Font
+% Selection Scheme (NFSS); the protected sub-accent commands (protected
+% versions of |\c|, |\d|, and |\b|) also cause troubles on expansion.
+% Admittedly, this is not a good solution, for the list of problem commands
+% might be much longer, but for the meantime, this will have to do.
+%
+% For \LaTeXe, at least after the official release of
+% \texttt{1994/06/01}, commands are made robust in a totally different
+% manner, no longer by adding a \texttt{p} in front, but by adding a space
+% afterwards. This means the commands in the auxiliary files look like the
+% protected version once again, and not raw commands. They are infinitely
+% protected. The above problem is easily overcome by making |\protect|
+% equal to |\@unexpandable@protect|. A definitive list of commands to
+% protect is no longer necessary. (Initially I used |\noexpand|, but
+% that only worked for font commands, not accents. Reading the documentation
+% in \texttt{ltdefns.dtx} indicated that this is the better redefinition
+% of |\protect|.)
+%
+% This trick is also applied to the 2.09 version for when it is running
+% in the compatibility mode of \LaTeXe. This is needed for the
+% journal-specific coding, more than for the normal package.
+%
+% The automatic indexing of citations (|\NAT@index|) is described in
+% Section~\ref{sec:idx}.
+%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@split}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Changed to support full author list}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Fix coding slightly}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Renamed from \cs{@citez}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for new \cs{bibcite} structure}
+% The actual assignments of the author--year and numerical label texts to
+% the corresponding commands is carried out by |\NAT@split|. If the long
+% author list is missing (argument |#4|), it is set equal to the short
+% list.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@split[4]{%
+ \gdef\NAT@num{#1}\gdef\NAT@name{#3}\gdef\NAT@date{#2}%
+ \gdef\NAT@all@names{#4}%
+ \ifx\NAT@noname\NAT@all@names \gdef\NAT@all@names{#3}\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@parse@date}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Add macro to split date into year and extra label}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Put extra label in braces to localize any font
+% changes}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Rename from \cs{@parse@date}}
+% With version 5.4, add the macro |\NAT@parse@date| that splits the date up
+% into year and extra label, putting them into |\NAT@year| and |\NAT@exlab|.
+% This is used to test if authors and years are equal for two adjacent
+% citations, in which case, only the extra label is printed. The
+% macro searches the first 4 characters of the date for a letter
+% (|\catcode|=11) which then becomes the extra label. If there are only
+% numerals in the first 4 positions (more precisely, non-letters), the 5th
+% character is taken as extra label. If there is none, this will be a
+% question mark.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@parse@date{}
+\def\NAT@parse@date#1#2#3#4#5#6@@{%
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#1=11\def\NAT@year{}\def\NAT@exlab{#1}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#2=11\def\NAT@year{#1}\def\NAT@exlab{#2}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#3=11\def\NAT@year{#1#2}\def\NAT@exlab{#3}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#4=11\def\NAT@year{#1#2#3}\def\NAT@exlab{#4}\else
+ \def\NAT@year{#1#2#3#4}\def\NAT@exlab{{#5}}\fi\fi\fi\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Automatic Index Entries for Citations}\label{sec:idx}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@idxtxt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@index}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add macro}
+% To make an entry in the index for every citation, I have added
+% |\NAT@index| to the |\NAT@parse| command. This will do nothing unless
+% |\makeindex| has been issued in the preamble, in which case it writes the
+% citation information to the \texttt{.idx} file by means of the standard
+% \LaTeX\ internal |\@wrindex|. The actual format of the citation
+% information is contained in |\NAT@idxtxt| which a user may redefine if
+% needed.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\newcommand\NAT@index{}
+\let\NAT@makeindex=\makeindex
+\renewcommand\makeindex{\NAT@makeindex
+ \renewcommand\NAT@index{\@bsphack\begingroup
+ \def~{\string~}\@wrindex{\NAT@idxtxt}}}
+\newcommand\NAT@idxtxt{\NAT@name\ \NAT@open\NAT@date\NAT@close}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifciteindex}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add flag}
+% The switch for activating automatic citation indexing is defined here.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifciteindex \citeindexfalse
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeindextype}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 29}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@index@alt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 29}{Add macro}
+% The above coding will not work with the package \texttt{index.sty} by
+% David~M. Jones. For that package, an alternative definition of |\NAT@index|
+% is needed which is activated at the beginning of the document if
+% \texttt{index} has been loaded. It thus does not matter in which order
+% \thestyle\ or \texttt{index} are loaded.
+%
+% With the \texttt{index} package, it is possible to have several index
+% files, defined by a |\newindex| command that associates a name with two
+% file extensions. By default, the name \texttt{default} is associated with
+% \texttt{.idx} and \texttt{.ind}. To make the automatic index entries go to
+% a different set, redefine |\citeindextype|.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\citeindextype{default}
+\newcommand\NAT@index@alt{{\let\protect=\noexpand\let~\relax
+ \xdef\NAT@temp{\NAT@idxtxt}}\expandafter\NAT@exp\NAT@temp\@nil}
+\newcommand\NAT@exp{}
+\def\NAT@exp#1\@nil{\index[\citeindextype]{#1}}
+
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\@ifpackageloaded{index}{\let\NAT@index=\NAT@index@alt}{}}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Writing the Entries to the Auxiliary File}
+%
+% \noindent(New to version 6.0.)
+%
+% The author--year information is transferred from the \btx{} database to
+% the document via |\bibitem| commands in the |thebibliography|
+% environment. Standard \LaTeX\ simply assigns a running number to these
+% entries, and writes that number with the citation key to the auxiliary
+% file. For author--year citations, the author list and year must be written
+% somehow to the auxiliary file. The form for this is to be
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibcite|\marg{key}|{|\marg{num}\marg{year}\marg{short}\marg{long}|}|
+% \end{quote}
+% This is the same form as in standard \LaTeX, except that the second
+% argument becomes a set of 4 items. Here \emph{num} is the sequential
+% number that is to be used if a numerical style is selected, \emph{short}
+% is the abbreviate author list (Jones et al.), \emph{long} the full author
+% list.
+%
+% The author--year information is contained in the optional argument to
+% |\bibitem|, but just how it is formatted depends on the system used. The
+% native \thestyle\ syntax is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[|\emph{short}|(|\emph{year}|)|\emph{long}|]|\marg{key}
+% \end{quote}
+% while the \texttt{chicago} system is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear|\marg{long}\marg{short}\marg{year}|]|%
+% \marg{key}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@ifcmd}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@ifxcmd}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% It is necessary to process the optional argument by first testing if it
+% contains a command, and if so, to execute that command. Otherwise, insert
+% our own command to process the following text.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@ifcmd{\futurelet\NAT@temp\NAT@ifxcmd}
+\newcommand\NAT@ifxcmd{\ifx\NAT@temp\relax\else\expandafter\NAT@bare\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% This actually only tests if the next token expands to |\relax|, which is
+% what |\protect| will be at this point. If so, just procede: the command
+% itself follows. Otherwise, insert |\NAT@bare|. (Note, we must also define
+% the possible commands like |\citeauthoryear| to do what we want.)
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bare}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% The command that is inserted if none is present must parse the native
+% syntax for the author--year information. The template is somewhat complex
+% because it must be able to test if there are no parentheses at all, in
+% which case it activates the alternative, |\NAT@apalk| for the
+% \texttt{apalike} syntax. When |\NAT@ifcmd| is invoked, it adds
+% |()()\@nil| in order to provide the full template of |\NAT@bare|; if the
+% argument itself contains no text in parentheses (not \thestyle{}
+% syntax) then |#2| will be empty; otherwise, |#4| catches the extra
+% parentheses.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\def\NAT@bare#1(#2)#3()#4\@nil#5{%
+%<*all|apalike|authordate>
+ \if\relax#2\relax
+ \expandafter\NAT@apalk#1, , \@nil{#5}\else
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}%
+%</all|apalike|authordate>
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{#3}{#5}
+%<all|apalike|authordate>\fi
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The |NAT@ctr| above contains the designation of whatever counter is
+% selected in the list environment for the \texttt{thebibliography}; it is
+% the sequential counter for the entries.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@wrout}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@noname}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Prevent expansion of forced space (tilde)}
+% Write the information to the auxiliary file as two arguments to |\bibcite|.
+%
+% Note: the 5 arguments are: counter, year, short list, long list, key.
+% The two author lists are written enclosed in braces to make sure any
+% font commands are kept local. Otherwise, one level of braces disappears for
+% authors like |{\em Jones}|.
+%
+% To test later for the absence of names, define |\NAT@noname| here.
+% Define it with |\def|, otherwise it will be `long' and will not test
+% correctly with |\NAT@all@names| which is defined with |\gdef|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@wrout[5]{%
+\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand\let~\relax
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#5}{{#1}{#2}{{#3}}{{#4}}}}}\fi
+\ignorespaces}
+\def\NAT@noname{{}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibitem}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode from standard}
+% \begin{macro}{\@lbibitem}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode from standard}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% The above commands are initiated with |\NAT@ifcmd| which decides whether
+% |\NAT@bare| or one of the other commands is to be executed on the
+% following arguments. It is actually |\@lbibitem| that calls |\NAT@ifcmd|,
+% which in turn is invoked by the user command |\bibitem|.
+%
+% If |\bibitem| has no optional argument, then we have a numerical citation
+% style, which is to be forced by setting |\NAT@stdbst|. Put the sequential
+% counter value in as the argument to |\@lbibitem| which is then treated as
+% a non-author--year label.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\renewcommand\bibitem{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@lbibitem}{%
+%<!subpack> \global\NAT@stdbsttrue
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\@lbibitem[\arabic{NAT@ctr}]}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Write the label with |\item| in the bibliography listing with the current
+% value of |\NAT@num|, if it exists. This will either be the sequential
+% number or whatever non-author--year text that was given as a special
+% `numerical'. Since |\@biblabel| outputs only in numerical mode, this
+% label vanishes for author--year mode.
+%
+% Finally invoke |\NAT@ifcmd| with the funny template to activate
+% |\NAT@bare| or some alternative.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{%
+ \@ifundefined{b@#2\@extra@b@citeb}{\def\NAT@num{}}{\NAT@parse{#2}}%
+ \item[\hfil\hyper@natanchorstart{#2}\@biblabel{\NAT@num}%
+ \hyper@natanchorend]%
+ \NAT@ifcmd#1()()\@nil{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Note: in standard \LaTeX, the sequential list counter is printed directly
+% with |\item|, and then written to the auxiliary file so that |\cite| can
+% refer to it on the next run. Here, |\item| prints exactly the same thing
+% as |\cite| on the current run, if we are in numerical mode, otherwise
+% nothing.
+%
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 10}{Include \texttt{showkeys} coding if already
+% loaded}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 27}{Remove from 2.09 coding}
+% If the \texttt{showkeys} package has already been loaded, the revised
+% version of |\@lbibitem| will not have been saved. In this case, rerun some
+% of the coding from that package. (If \texttt{showkeys} is loaded after
+% \thestyle, there is no problem.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\@ifpackageloaded{showkeys}{%
+ \let\SK@lbibitem\@lbibitem
+ \def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{%
+ \SK@lbibitem[#1]{#2}\SK@\SK@@label{#2}\ignorespaces}}{}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@stdbst}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add flag}
+% If any non-author--year |\bibitem|s have been issued, then force
+% numerical mode, since the author--year |\bibitem|s can handle this, but
+% the numerical ones cannot work in author--year mode. Do this by inserting
+% |\NAT@numberstrue| in the auxiliary file.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newif\ifNAT@stdbst \NAT@stdbstfalse
+
+%<209>\let\NAT@enddoc=\enddocument
+%<209>\def\enddocument
+%<!209>\AtEndDocument
+ {\ifNAT@stdbst\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string
+ \global\string\NAT@numberstrue}\fi\fi
+%<209>\NAT@enddoc
+ }
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibcite}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 5}{Add own coding for this macro}
+% \changes{6.1a}{1995 Dec 19}{Add own test for changed citations}
+% Not wanting to rely on the coding for |\bibcite| in the kernel, I define
+% it myself. It is not enough just to `provide' it, for it must do the
+% right thing: write a label named |\b@|\emph{key}. The \LaTeX3 boys
+% might decide to keep the command, but have it store the citations with
+% a different prefix.
+%
+% (I outsmarted myself here again. The test for changed citations and
+% references involves reading in the auxiliary file with revised
+% definitions for |\label| and |\bibcite|. The December~1995 release does
+% this via a generalized labelling command |\@newl@bel|. As a result, I
+% must add this test myself. Not so bad, because the warning comes from
+% \thestyle\ and explicitly refers to citations instead of just
+% `references'.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\bibcite{}
+\renewcommand\bibcite[2]{\@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@binfo}\relax
+ {\NAT@citemultiple
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{Citation `#1' multiply defined}}%
+ \global\@namedef{b@#1\@extra@binfo}{#2}}
+\AtEndDocument{\NAT@swatrue\renewcommand\bibcite[2]%
+ {\NAT@testdef{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand\NAT@testdef[2]{%
+ \def\NAT@temp{#2}\expandafter \ifx \csname b@#1\@extra@binfo\endcsname
+ \NAT@temp \else \ifNAT@swa \NAT@swafalse
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{Citation(s) may have
+ changed.\MessageBreak
+ Rerun to get citations correct}\fi\fi}
+%</!209>
+%<209>\renewcommand\bibcite[2]{\global\@namedef{b@#1\@extra@binfo}{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Other Author--Year Schemes}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@apalk}
+% \changes{4.1}{1993 Oct 4}{Simplify by using comma-space as separator}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Full author list equals short list}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Renamed from \cs{@citeapalk}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recoded for version~6.0}
+% If the argument of |\bibitem| contains no command, and if it does not
+% conform to the \thestyle{} syntax, then try the \texttt{apalike}
+% syntax (\emph{short}\texttt{, }\emph{year}). This has a funny template
+% too in order to test for different syntax, which is indicated when |#2|
+% is empty. In this case, give up trying to fit it to author--year formats,
+% and go over to `numerical' with a special label. Set the flag
+% |\NAT@stdbst| to mark this. This forces a numerical citation style.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*all|apalike|authordate>
+\newcommand\NAT@apalk{}
+\def\NAT@apalk#1, #2, #3\@nil#4{\if\relax#2\relax
+%<!subpack> \global\NAT@stdbsttrue
+ \NAT@wrout{#1}{}{}{}{#4}\else
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}%
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#4}\fi}
+%</all|apalike|authordate>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Note: the |NAT@ctr| is stepped here and everywhere else it is used,
+% except when a special `numerical' label is being used. This conforms to
+% standard \LaTeX\ which only increments the counter for pure numerical
+% labels, without an optional argument to |\bibitem|.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% The other schemes of citation labelling may also be accommodated, more
+% easily than \texttt{apalike}. It is just necessary to define the particular
+% commands, like |\citeauthoryear| to write the arguments to the
+% auxiliary file in the required. These commands are detected by
+% |\NAT@ifcmd| and simply left to be executed.
+%
+% The only complication is that |\citeauthoryear| may be given with two or
+% three arguments. This is accommodated by testing the |#3| and changing
+% the form of the write command accordingly.
+%
+% The form of the template is the same as for |\NAT@bare|, since this
+% command is inserted in its place and must therefore conform to its
+% syntax.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeauthoryear}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Allow full authors in citation}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% For \texttt{newapa.bst} itself, the commands |\citestarts|, |\citeends|,
+% as well as |\betweenauthors| must be defined; for others in this group,
+% these commands are not needed.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*newapa|chicago|all>
+\newcommand\citeauthoryear{}
+\def\citeauthoryear#1#2#3()()\@nil#4{\stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\if\relax#3\relax
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#4}\else
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#3}{#2}{#1}{#4}\fi}
+\newcommand\citestarts{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\citeends{\NAT@close}
+\newcommand\betweenauthors{and}
+%</newapa|chicago|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\astroncite}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% The |\astroncite| command must similarly conform to |\NAT@bare| syntax
+% and put its arguments into the auxiliary file in the correct order.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*astron|all>
+\newcommand\astroncite{}
+\def\astroncite#1#2()()\@nil#3{\stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\NAT@wrout{\arabic
+{NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#3}}
+%</astron|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citename}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% The |\citename| command just converts its arguments to the |\NAT@apalk|
+% syntax, since its first argument should end in \verb*!, ! as for
+% \texttt{apalike}. By making use of |\NAT@apalk| here, it is also possible
+% to check for non-conformity of the syntax.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*authordate|all>
+\newcommand\citename{}
+\def\citename#1#2()()\@nil#3{\expandafter\NAT@apalk#1#2, \@nil{#3}}
+%</authordate|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\harvarditem}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Allow full authors in citation}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Defined in \LaTeXe\ terms}
+% The Harvard family is allowed for simply by defining |\harvarditem| in
+% terms of |\bibitem| with the \thestyle{} form.
+%
+% The |\harvarditem| must allow for the optional argument, which is
+% the short author list. Use the short list in |\bibitem| if it is there,
+% otherwise the long list must be taken.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*harvard|all>
+%<!209>\newcommand\harvarditem[4][]%
+%<209>\def\harvarditem{\@ifnextchar[{\@harvarditem}{\@harvarditem[]}}
+%<209>\def\@harvarditem[#1]#2#3#4%
+ {\if\relax#1\relax\bibitem[#2(#3)]{#4}\else
+ \bibitem[#1(#3)#2]{#4}\fi }
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The command |\citeasnoun| must be defined since \texttt{harvard.bst}
+% can add it for cross-referencing.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardleft}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardright}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardyearleft}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardyearright}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardand}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardurl}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% The \texttt{harvard} package has been updated for \LaTeXe, and includes
+% some new punctuation commands in the accompanying \texttt{bst} files.
+% (Maybe they were always there and I overlooked them.) In order for
+% \thestyle{} to work with these, it needs to define them. The |left| and
+% |right| commands have equivalents already; |\harvardurl| is defined
+% as in \texttt{harvard.sty}. It is necessary to define |\harvardand|
+% conditionally, and only later, in case it has already been set to
+% something else by a |\bibstyle@xxx| (e.g., \texttt{agsm} sets it
+% to |\&|.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\harvardleft{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\harvardright{\NAT@close}
+\newcommand\harvardyearleft{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\harvardyearright{\NAT@close}
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\providecommand{\harvardand}{and}}
+%<209>\def\harvardand{and}
+\newcommand\harvardurl[1]{\textbf{URL:} \textit{##1}}
+%</harvard|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{The Bibliography Listing}
+% Changes must be made to the \texttt{thebibliography} environment for
+% author--year citations. This is done be defining the environment with the
+% features common to both schemes, and then by invoking |\@bibsetup|, which
+% is either the author--year or numerical version.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibsection}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Make specific for JGR, GRL, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Use \cs{renewcommand}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Apr 15}{Modified for \texttt{amsart} and \texttt{amsbook}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Modified for \texttt{sectionbib} option}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Feb 5}{Allow for \cs{bib@headings} in KOMA scripts}
+% First, |\bibsection| is defined according to the main style: if chapters
+% exist, then the bibliography is a numberless chapter, otherwise a
+% numberless section. For the specific journals, |\bibsection| takes on
+% special definitions.
+%
+% Since the AMS classes \texttt{amsart} and \texttt{amsbook} redefine
+% |\section*| in a way that is incompatible with the way it is used in
+% the \texttt{bibliographystyle} environment, it is necessary to remove the
+% |\@mkboth| from the section title. Since these classes do not use this
+% command at this point, there is no loss of functionality.
+%
+% The packages of the KOMA scripts make use of |\bib@heading| which functions
+% much like |\bibsection|. If it is defined, let |\bibsection| be equal to it.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!agu&!egs>
+%<!209>\providecommand\bibsection{}
+%<209>\def\bibsection{}
+\@ifundefined{chapter}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}}}}
+ {\@ifundefined{NAT@sectionbib}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\chapter*{\bibname
+ \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}}}}
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\bibname
+ \ifx\@mkboth\@gobbletwo\else\markright{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}\fi}}}}
+%<*!subpack>
+%<*!209>
+\@ifclassloaded{amsart}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\refname}}{}}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{amsbook}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\bibname}}{}}{}
+%</!209>
+\@ifundefined{bib@heading}{}{\let\bibsection\bib@heading}
+%</!subpack>
+%</!agu&!egs>
+%<egs>\def\bibsection{\if@draft\newpage\fi
+%<egs> \noappendix\section*{\refname}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{environment}{thebibliography}
+% \changes{4.1b}{1993 Oct 18}{Add \cmd{\bibfont}, defaulted
+% to \cmd{\relax}}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Add coding for JGR, GRL, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Nov 20}{Remove coding for AGU, since AGU-supplied
+% coding is adequate but different}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Put \cmd{\bibfont} at start so \cmd{\list}
+% uses list parameters appropriate for the font size}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Add \cmd{\if@openbib} as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Add special cross-ref citations for compatibility
+% with \texttt{harvard}, \texttt{chicago}, and \texttt{named}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Replace \cs{if@openbib} with \cs{ifNAT@openbib}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Replace counter \texttt{enumiv} with
+% \texttt{NAT@ctr} and refer to it explicitly, not with \cs{@listctr}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Use \cs{PackageWarning} for empty
+% bibliography}
+%
+% The \texttt{thebibliography} environment is defined much as normal, except
+% that |\bibsetup| contains the special features for numerical or
+% author--year styles. The command |\bibfont| permits permits different
+% font sizes or styles to be used in the list. For example, for
+% \textsl{Nonlinear Processes} it is |\small|. This means |\bibfont| must
+% be issued before the |\list| command, since the list parameters depend
+% on the current font size. For \textsl{AGU}, the whole
+% |\thebibliography| is left off, since the AGU-supplied coding will
+% do. It is only necessary to add |\noappendix| to the AGU coding.
+%
+% I have replaced |\if@openbib| with |\ifNAT@openbib| in order to be
+% independent of the standard classes; this flag disappeared with the
+% December~1995 release of \LaTeX, so I do it myself just to be sure.
+%
+% At the same time,
+% I have also decided to use my own counter |NAT@ctr| for the numericals;
+% previously I used |enumiv| as in the standard, and refered to it
+% elsewhere with |\@listctr|, but now I refer to it explicitly. This is to
+% avoid trouble if |\@listctr| should ever disappear. (The value of
+% |\@listctr| is set by |\usecounter|.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcounter{NAT@ctr}
+%<*!agu>
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{%
+ \bibfont\bibsection\parindent \z@\list
+ {\@biblabel{\arabic{NAT@ctr}}}{\@bibsetup{#1}%
+ \setcounter{NAT@ctr}{0}}%
+%<*!209&!subpack>
+ \ifNAT@openbib
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}
+ \else
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
+ \fi
+%</!209&!subpack>
+%<209|subpack> \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus.33em minus.07em}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
+ \sfcode`\.=1000\relax
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The files \texttt{chicago.bst} and \texttt{named.bst} can add the
+% commands |\citeN| and |\shortcite| respectively to the \texttt{.bbl}
+% files, for cross-referencing. Similarly, \texttt{harvard.bst} can add
+% |\citeasnoun|. These commands must therefore be accommodated,
+% as least within the |thebibliography| environment.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<newapa|chicago|all> \let\citeN\cite \let\shortcite\cite
+%<harvard|all> \let\citeasnoun\cite
+ }{\def\@noitemerr{%
+%<209> \@warning
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist\vskip-\lastskip}
+%<!egs>\let\bibfont=\relax
+%<egs>\let\bibfont=\small
+%</!agu>
+%<*agu>
+\let\aguthebib=\thebibliography
+\def\thebibliography#1{\noappendix\aguthebib{#1}}
+%</agu>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{environment}
+%
+% \subsection{Compatibility Commands}
+% \begin{macro}{\reset@font}
+% \begin{macro}{\refname}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 18}{Provide name with \LaTeXe\ too}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibname}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 18}{Provide name with \LaTeXe\ too}
+% For older implementations of \LaTeX~2.09 (before December, 1991) the
+% |\reset@font| command does not exist. It is defined to be |\relax| under
+% normal \LaTeX{}, but does more under NFSS. In case it is not defined, add
+% it here. The naming commands |\bibname| and |\refname| are similarly
+% unknown for this old \LaTeX. They are sometimes even unknown in non-standard
+% classes that are used in place of \texttt{article}, \texttt{report}, and
+% \texttt{book}.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\reset@font{\relax}
+\providecommand\bibname{Bibliography}
+\providecommand\refname{References}
+%</!209>
+%<*209>
+\@ifundefined{reset@font}{\let\reset@font=\relax}{}
+%<!agu&!egs>\@ifundefined{bibname}{\newcommand\bibname{Bibliography}}{}
+\@ifundefined{refname}{\newcommand\refname{References}}{}
+%</209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citeundefined}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Add macro}
+% The December~1995 release of \LaTeX\ considered renaming the command
+% |\G@refundefinedtrue| for flagging undefined references. However, since a
+% number of packages, including \thestyle, were affected, it was decided to
+% retain the old name for the new coding. I had already decided to go for
+% an independent coding, which does exactly the same thing.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\newcommand\NAT@citeundefined{\gdef \NAT@undefined {%
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{There were undefined citations}}}
+\let \NAT@undefined \relax
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citemultiple}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 6}{Add macro}
+% Add the warning about multiply-defined citations, as part of the
+% do-it-yourself |\bibcite| definition.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@citemultiple{\gdef \NAT@multiple {%
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{There were multiply defined citations}}}
+\let \NAT@multiple \relax
+\AtEndDocument{\NAT@undefined\NAT@multiple}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@mkboth}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Provide macro in case it is removed from
+% kernel}
+% Having been burned by the December~1995 update on several internal
+% commands, I have decided to make \thestyle\ as independent as
+% possible, or at least to avoid it crashing when internals are changed or
+% disappear in future. The |\@mkboth| is used in the bibliography listing,
+% and is the same as |\makeboth| with \texttt{headings} pagestyle. Provide
+% a dummy in case it disappears. If the kernel should use a different
+% command in future, the headings will not function, but at least there
+% will be no crash. (Also needed for very old versions of \LaTeX~2.09.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\@ifundefined{@mkboth}{\newcommand\@markboth[2]{}}{}
+%<!209>\providecommand\@mkboth[2]{}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\MakeUppercase}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Provide compatibility for older versions}
+% The |\MakeUppercase| command replaces |\uppercase| in \LaTeXe\ of
+% June~1995. Provide it for earlier versions.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\let\MakeUppercase\uppercase
+%<!209>\providecommand\MakeUppercase{\uppercase}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@extra@b@citeb}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add macro for \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
+% \begin{macro}{\@extra@binfo}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add macro for \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
+% Two commands used by the \texttt{chapterbib} package, but which must
+% be defined to be nothing for use without that package. Do not |\let| them
+% be |\relax|, for that package checks if they exist (i.e., not |\relax|)
+% and redefines things like |\@citex|, which we do not want to have happen.
+% The necessary redefinitions are already included in \thestyle.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\@ifundefined{@extra@b@citeb}{\def\@extra@b@citeb{}}{}
+%<!209>\providecommand{\@extra@b@citeb}{}
+\gdef\@extra@binfo{}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natanchorstart}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natanchorend}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natlinkstart}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natlinkend}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% The \texttt{hyperref} package of Sebastian Rahtz and Yannis Haralambous
+% defines these macros to
+% make hypertext links and references. Without that package, these macros
+% must be turned off. The order of loading \thestyle\ and \texttt{hyperref}
+% should not be important.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\hyper@natanchorstart[1]{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natanchorend{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natlinkstart[1]{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natlinkend{}
+%</!209>
+%<*209>
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natanchorstart}{\def\hyper@natanchorstart#1{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natanchorend}{\def\hyper@natanchorend{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natlinkstart}{\def\hyper@natlinkstart#1{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natlinkend}{\def\hyper@natlinkend{}}{}
+%</209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Sorting and Compression of Numbers}
+% The \texttt{cite} and (obsolete) \texttt{citesort} packages by Donald
+% Arseneau provide the coding for printing multiple citation numbers in
+% ascending order, and with a range where applicable. That is, if the
+% normal result of |\cite{..}| with several keys were [5, 3, 8, 4], the new
+% result would be [3--5, 8].
+%
+% Since \texttt{cite.sty} totally reimplements the citation commands (as
+% does \thestyle) it is not possible to make the two compatible. Instead, I
+% have removed the necessary coding from \texttt{cite.sty}, converted it to
+% \thestyle\ format, and added it here.
+%
+% To activate the sorting and compression of numerical citations, load
+% \thestyle\ with the options \texttt{numbers,sort}.
+% This coding has no effect on author--year citations.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citen}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 11}{Add coding from \texttt{cite.sty}}
+% It is not included in the \LaTeX~2.09 version, nor in the journal packages
+% since it is turned on by a package option, something missing in both of
+% them. Besides, the journals are author--year mode.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\ifnum\NAT@sort=1
+\newcommand\NAT@citen[1]{%
+\nocite{#1}%
+\@tempcntb\m@ne
+\let\@h@ld\relax
+\let\@citea\@empty
+\let\@celt\delimiter
+\def\@cite@list{}%
+\@for \@citeb:=#1\do{\@make@cite@list}%
+\@tempcnta\m@ne
+\let\@celt\@compress@cite \@cite@list
+\@h@ld}
+
+\begingroup \catcode`\_=8
+\gdef\@make@cite@list{%
+ \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+ \@citea{\reset@font\bfseries?}\def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+ \NAT@citeundefined\PackageWarning{natcite}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage\space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{\@citeb}%
+ \ifcat _\ifnum\z@<0\NAT@num _\else A\fi % a positive number, put in list
+ \@tempcnta\NAT@num \relax
+ \ifnum \@tempcnta>\@tempcntb % new highest, add to end (efficiently)
+ \edef\@cite@list{\@cite@list \@celt{\NAT@num}}%
+ \@tempcntb\@tempcnta
+ \else % arbitrary number: insert appropriately
+ \edef\@cite@list{\expandafter\@sort@celt \@cite@list \@gobble @}%
+ \fi
+ \else % citation is not a number, output immediately
+ \@citea \NAT@num \def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+ \fi}}
+\endgroup
+
+\def\@compress@cite#1{%
+ \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
+ \ifnum #1=\@tempcnta
+ \ifx\@h@ld\relax
+ \edef\@h@ld{\@citea #1}%
+ \else
+ \def\@h@ld{\hbox{--}\penalty\@m #1}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \@h@ld \@citea #1\let\@h@ld\relax
+ \fi \@tempcnta#1\def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+}
+
+\def\@sort@celt#1#2{\ifx \@celt #1%
+ \ifnum #2<\@tempcnta
+ \@celt{#2}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\@sort@celt
+ \else
+ \@celt{\number\@tempcnta}\@celt{#2}%
+ \fi\fi}
+\def\NAT@citexnum[#1][#2]#3{\let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\NAT@citen{#3}}{#1}{#2}}
+\fi
+%</!subpack&!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Local Configuration}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add reading in of \texttt{natbib.cfg}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Local configuration read in at end}
+% To accommodate local additional |\bibstyle@| definitions,
+% or any other modifications to the coding, read in
+% configuration file \texttt{natbib.cfg} if it exists.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\InputIfFileExists{natbib.cfg}
+ {\typeout{Local config file natbib.cfg used}}{}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+%</package>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \Finale
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/natbib.ins b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/natbib.ins
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a55f912909
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/natbib.ins
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+%% LaTeX2e file `natbib.ins'
+%% generated by the `filecontents' environment
+%% from source `natbib' on 1996/10/11.
+%%
+% Simply TeX or LaTeX this file to extract various files from
+% the source file `natbib.dtx'
+% Comment out the \generateFile lines for any files you do not want.
+
+\def\batchfile{natbib.ins}
+\input docstrip
+
+\preamble
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+<<<<< End of decommented file <<<<<<
+\endpostamble
+\keepsilent
+
+\generateFile{natbib.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the LaTeX 2.09 version of the package.
+It will not be maintained forever.
+Please upgrade to LaTeX2e so that you may use the proper package.
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+
+% Activate the next line to get a version for running under LaTeX 2.09
+%\generateFile{natbib209.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all,209}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the driver file to produce the LaTeX documentation from the
+source file \inFileName.
+Make changes to it as needed. (Never change the \inFileName file!)
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+
+End of documentation driver file.
+\endpostamble
+
+% Activate the next line for a documentation driver
+% that you can configure yourself.
+%\generateFile{natbib.drv}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{driver}}
+
+\obeyspaces
+\Msg{*******************************************}%
+\Msg{* For documentation, process natbib.dtx *}%
+\Msg{* or the driver file natbib.drv *}%
+\Msg{* (LaTeX2e only!) *}%
+\Msg{*******************************************}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..40591b9781
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Journal of Geodesy
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the Journal of Geodesy
+
+For a quick entry to the Journal of Geodesy-formatting and if you are
+already familiar with the SVJour class you need only the three files:
+svjour.cls, svjog.clo, and template.tex - natbib.sty should be available
+in TeXs search path.
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf)
+ svjog.clo The class option file for the Journal of Geodesy
+ natbib.dtx The natbib package of Patrick W. Daly.
+ Typeset this file for complete documentation of natbib.
+ natbib.ins Run the file natbib.ins to produce natbib.sty for LaTeX
+ jogguide.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+ psoutput.zip PS files of the above mentioned DVIs,
+ compressed due to their size.
+
+ subdirectory: example (contains all data of a sample article)
+
+ example.* Example of an article (tex, dvi, ps [in psoutput.zip])
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/svjog.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/svjog.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4767fafa99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/svjog.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION JOG -- Journal of Geodesy
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svjog.clo}
+ [1999/01/10 v1.0
+ style option for Journal of Geodesy]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svjog.clo for Journal of Geodesy}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,twocolumn,10pt}
+\DeclareOption{leqno}{\input{leqno.clo}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iffalse
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{10.5dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 10.5dd \@plus2.5dd \@minus5.25dd
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \setlength\parskip{0pt}
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{9dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{15dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{178mm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{240mm}
+\setlength{\columnsep}{6.5mm}
+%
+\def\jog@maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted later}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+% Abstract move to end of file
+% \ch@ckobl{abstract}{Abstract is missing.}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \def\switch@fnmark{\def\thefootnote{\alph{footnote}}}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\newskip\stretchtitle \stretchtitle=10.5dd plus1fill
+\def\jog@@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\LARGE \bfseries
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\LARGE\normalfont\itshape\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 12.25pt\relax % Abstand nach title
+ \authorfont
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\Large\bfseries
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \switch@fnmark
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\mathrm\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \protected@xdef\@thanks{\@thanks\protect\switch@fnmark}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \small\rm
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 8.35pt
+ \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \normalsize\it
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \vskip 12.85pt
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip18.25pt
+}
+%
+\def\PACS#1{\gdef\@PACS{#1}}
+\def\@@PACS{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent{\sffamily\bfseries
+PACS.\enspace}\ignorespaces\expandafter\pacsstart\@PACS\par}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\def\jogrunnhead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>2
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \unhbox\titrun}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: The running head built automatically from
+ \string\author\space and \string\title
+ ^^Jexceeds the pagewidth, please supply a shorter form
+ ^^Jwith \string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@author}%
+}
+%
+\def\eqnarray{%
+ \stepcounter{equation}%
+ \def\@currentlabel{\p@equation\theequation}%
+ \global\@eqnswtrue
+ \m@th
+ \global\@eqcnt\z@
+ \tabskip\z@%\@centering
+ \let\\\@eqncr
+ $$\everycr{}\halign to\displaywidth\bgroup
+ \hskip\@centering$\displaystyle\tabskip\z@skip{##}$\@eqnsel
+ &\global\@eqcnt\@ne\hskip \tw@\arraycolsep \hfil${##}$\hfil
+ &\global\@eqcnt\tw@ \hskip \tw@\arraycolsep
+ $\displaystyle{##}$\hfil\tabskip\@centering
+ &\global\@eqcnt\thr@@ \hb@xt@\z@\bgroup\hss##\egroup
+ \tabskip\z@skip
+ \cr
+}
+\def\endeqnarray{%
+ \@@eqncr
+ \egroup
+ \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne
+ $$\global\@ignoretrue
+}
+% Changes for Journal of Geodesy
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\let\@maketitle=\jog@@maketitle
+\let\maketitle=\jog@maketitle
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\jogrunnhead
+\def\@abstract#1{\begin{abstract} #1 \end{abstract}}
+\def\strich{\vspace{5mm}\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\def\sectcounterend{}
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{10.5dd
+ }{\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{10.5dd
+ }{\normalsize\it}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{-1pt}{\normalsize\it}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{-1pt}{\normalsize\sffamily\rmseries}}
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@}
+%
+\def\institutename{\vskip-2.75pt
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \lineskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\vskip0pt\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss$^{\theinst}$\kern.2em}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\kern.2em}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\kern.2em}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss$^{\theinst}$\kern.2em}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+%
+\def\keywords#1{\vskip2\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\ \ignorespaces#1
+\vskip1.5\baselineskip}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{14\p@}
+\betweenumberspace=5pt
+%
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+%
+% Bibliography
+% Loading the package "Natbib" and changing some parameters
+\usepackage[round]{natbib}
+\setlength{\bibhang}{4mm}
+\let\bibfont=\small
+\def\@biblabel#1{}
+\newcommand{\etal}{\textit{et al}.}
+%
+% Skip the caption to left
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3\hfill}\par
+ \endgroup}
+%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 10.5dd \@plus\z@ \@minus\z@
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+\let\claim\undefined
+\let\proof\undefined
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\let\case\undefined
+\let\conjecture\undefined
+\let\corollary\undefined
+\let\definition\undefined
+\let\example\undefined
+\let\exercise\undefined
+\let\definition\undefined
+\let\lemma\undefined
+\let\note\undefined
+\let\problem\undefined
+\let\property\undefined
+\let\proposition\undefined
+\let\question\undefined
+\let\remark\undefined
+\let\solution\undefined
+\let\theorem\undefined
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+%
+\setlength\textfloatsep{15.75dd plus2dd minus5.25dd}
+% Loading package 'AMSMATH'
+\IfFileExists{amsmath.sty}
+ {\usepackage[fleqn]{amsmath}
+ \setlength{\@mathmargin}{0\p@}}
+ {\errmessage{amsmath.sty dosn't exist!}}
+%
+\journalname{Journal of Geodesy}}
+%%
+%% End of file `svjog.clo'.
+\endinput
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..890fe174c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Journal of Geodesy
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[jog]{svjour}
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{times}
+%\usepackage{mathtimes}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+%\usepackage{epsfig}
+%\usepackage{amssymb}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?} % Insert a subtitle or remove this line
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\abstract{
+Insert your abstract here.
+%
+\keywords{Finite elements, Detonation, Safety}} %end of abstract
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \citet{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+\begin{equation}
+\label{eq:1}
+\end{equation}
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{0pt}}lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+% see also jogguide
+%
+\bibitem[Author(year)]{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author (year) Journal, page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem[Author(year)]{RefB}
+Author (year) Book title (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/jog/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/history.txt b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/history.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32da66ab89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/history.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+Version history for the SVJour LaTeX2e class
+
+date filename version action/reason/acknowledgements
+-----------------------------------------------------------------
+early 97 svjour.cls beta first beta release
+
+ 1.07.97 svjour.cls 1.0 leaving beta state, version 1.0
+
+16.11.97 history.txt introducing this file
+
+17.11.97 svjour.cls 1.1 activate "theopargself" in \spnewtheorem
+ usrguide.tex describe the new environment
+
+19.11.97 svjour.cls 1.1 handling of legends improved:
+ centering (tables), workaround for bug in hyperref
+ that overwrites size commands for legends
+ new command \captionstyle (default \small);
+ added \enspace after \keywordname;
+ corrected supplied \spnewtheorem*'s with
+ \@thmcounterend vs. \runinend
+
+28.04.98 svjour.cls 1.2 polyglot version (options: deutsch, francais),
+ (not officially new options (no)smartrunhead to control
+ released) special running head on last verso page,
+ frontmatter command \combirunning for manual
+ control of text of this very running head
+
+24.06.98 svjour.cls 1.3 made options deutsch and francais compatible
+ with e.g. german.sty (changes to hardwired
+ texts deferred to \AtBeginDocument)
+
+ 2.07.98 svjour.cls 1.4 additional option "nospthms" to suppress
+ generation of special theorem environments
+
+ 9.10.98 svjour.cls 1.5 removed a bug for mathematical journals:
+ "\vec" now works also for greec symbols;
+ independently reported by Dirk Husmeier
+ and Reinhard Voeckler
+
+22.12.98 svjour.cls 1.6 format of sectioncounter now propagates
+ correctly to the toc file
+
+23.03.99 svjour.cls 1.7 \smash-ed institute numbers to prevent
+ lineskip limit problems, introduced
+ a \smartqed command to switch to a flushright
+ \qed in text mode, made \@takefromreset
+ independent of the "nospthms" option, made
+ citation lists from labeled \bibitems breakable
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/usrguide.dvi
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/usrguide.pdf
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/kernel/usrguide.pdf
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/manmat.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/manmat.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ceefd66805
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/manmat.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/manmat.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/manmat.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97bf5d4d38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/manmat.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/manmat.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/manmat.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5fb0a32ce3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/manmat.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement
+for\\\texttt{manuscripta mathematica}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1998, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{20 March 1998}
+
+\newcommand{\command}[1]{{\ttfamily\upshape\char92#1}}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{manmat} option for the \SJour\
+\LaTeXe\ document class. For details on manuscript handling and the
+reviewing process we refer to the \emph{Instructions for authors} which
+can be found at the Intertnet address
+\texttt{http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00229/index.htm}
+via the link ``About this Journal" and in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{manuscripta mathematica} by
+including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[manmat]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{Users guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class}
+The header information (typeset by using the command \verb|\maketitle|)
+will be split on the first page so that the basic information relevant
+for the actual
+article appears at the top and addresses of the authors at the foot of
+the page.
+
+For this purpose the affiliations made with \verb|\inst| in the
+\verb|\author| field have been withdrawn and the command
+\verb|\institute| has been extended, according to the following scheme,
+so as to include the authors' names as well.
+
+\begin{decl}
+|\institute| \arg{author (list) \command{at} address information}
+\end{decl}
+If more than one name/address combination is necessary, please use
+|\and| to separate them (the name of a particular author may well appear
+in more than one of these).
+
+Please avoid adding footnote elements to the header. If, for example,
+you wish to express your thanks to someone who has supported your work,
+place this in the |acknowledgement| environment at the end of
+your article, directly before the bibliographic section.
+
+\textbf{Running head on the last page.} If the last page happens to be
+an even-numbered left/verso page, there will be the option of creating a
+combined running head, consisting of name(s) (initials/name of single
+author or names of two authors, initials/name of first author + et.al.
+in the case of three or more authors) and the running title. The
+headline that is automatically generated may be too long to fit into the
+space available. In this case, you will be asked to formulate a shorter
+version of the running title and insert this using the command
+\begin{decl}
+|\combirunning| \arg{author list: shortened title}
+\end{decl}
+Note that |\authorrunning| and/or |\titlerunning| are honored first --
+if the modifications introduced by those two commands are enough to form
+a satisfactorily short ``last page" running head no prompt will be made.
+If no suitable abbreviation can be supplied, you can cancel the
+mechanism altogether by including the option |[nosmartrunhead]| in the
+|\documentclass| command.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b07b5d82b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for manuscripta mathematica
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "manuscripta mathematica"
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf)
+ svmanmat.clo The class option file for manuscripta mathematica
+ manmat.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, pdf) for manuscripta mathematica
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+Run the *.tex files with your normal LaTeX command to get the
+documentation for the package.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/svmanmat.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/svmanmat.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..339bfc5745
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/svmanmat.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION MANMAT -- manuscripta mathematica
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svmanmat.clo}
+ [1999/04/20 v2.1
+ style option for manuscripta mathematica]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svmanmat.clo for manuscripta mathematica}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{12pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+\def\subclassname{{\it Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):\/} }
+\def\subclass#1{\gdef\@subclass{#1}}
+\def\@subclass{}
+%
+\def\nothanksmarks{\def\thanks##1{\footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent##1}}}
+%
+\def\mamamaketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted
+later}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}##1\vrule height0pt
+ width0pt depth8pt}
+%
+\def\PresentAddress##1{\typeout{^^JThank you for stating your present
+address;^^Jit will help us to contact you in the editorial and
+production process^^Jbut will not be printed in the document.}}
+%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \unskip${}\cdot{}$\relax}%
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ {\def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\unskip}\def\inst##1{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\\[3pt]}%
+ \def\at{\unskip: }%
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent
+ \ignorespaces\@institute}\vspace{5dd}}%
+ \if!\@subclass!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\subclassname
+ \ignorespaces\@subclass}%
+ \fi
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\def\mama@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup % Start of header box
+ \nothanksmarks
+% \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\Large\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par\vskip 15pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ \vskip-10pt
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \nothanksmarks
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ {\normalsize\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic\par
+ }\vskip9pt
+ \fi
+ \noindent\@date
+ \egroup % End of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width\z@ height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip6pt
+}
+%
+\def\mama@abstract{\small
+\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\def\mama@endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+\def\strich{\hrule\addvspace{5mm}}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\def\email#1{e-mail: #1}%
+\def\@biblabel#1{[#1]}%
+\def\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}%
+\headerboxheight=3.2cm %180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern3\p@\hrule\kern2.6\p@}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\rm\rlap{\vbox to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width
+\textwidth\vss}}%
+\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\rlap{\vbox to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width
+\textwidth\vss}}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\rlap{\vbox
+to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width \textwidth\vss}} \hfil \lastevenhead}}%
+\let\maketitle=\mamamaketitle
+\let\@maketitle=\mama@maketitle
+\let\abstract=\mama@abstract
+\let\endabstract=\mama@endabstract
+\let\authorfont=\relax
+\def\betweenumberspace{0.5em }%
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\sectcounterend{.}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}%
+\journalname{manuscripta mathematica}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svmanmat.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..984dcce1d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for manuscripta mathematica
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[manmat,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert\thanks{eins} your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have\thanks{zwei} a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\fnmsep\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if
+needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/manmat/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/matann.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/matann.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3fbc2662c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/matann.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/matann.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/matann.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..16adcebb8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/matann.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..039ffa90e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Mathematische Annalen
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "Mathematische Annalen"
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+ read.me This file
+ SVJour.cls Core document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* Main User's Guide (PDF and DVI)
+ svmatann.clo Class option file for Mathematische Annalen
+ matann.* User's Guide for Mathematische Annalen (PDF and DVI)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+
+INSTALLATION
+
+Copy SVJour.cls and svmatann.clo to a place where LaTeX can find them.
+
+
+GETTING STARTED
+
+You should first read the "Main User's Guide" to get an overview
+and then the "User's Guide for Mathematische Annalen" for special
+instructions concerning this journal. Alternatively to reading the
+entire documentation, it is also possible to proceed by merely filling
+out the template and then looking up additional commands as needed. \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/svmatann.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/svmatann.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d93b650d11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/svmatann.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION MATANN -- Mathematische Annalen
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svmatann.clo}
+ [1997/09/29 v1.0
+ style option for Mathematische Annalen]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svmatann.clo for Mathematische Annalen}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xipt{13pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+\def\subclassname{{\it Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):\/} }
+\def\subclass#1{\par\addvspace\medskipamount\noindent\subclassname\
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\journalname{Mathematische Annalen}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svmatann.clo'. \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f3f3f1ee57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Mathematische Annalen
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% First comes an example EPS file -- just ignore it and
+% proceed on the \documentclass line
+\begin{filecontents*}{example.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 19 19 221 221
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 29 1997
+%%Creator: programmed by hand (JK)
+%%EndComments
+gsave
+newpath
+ 20 20 moveto
+ 20 220 lineto
+ 220 220 lineto
+ 220 20 lineto
+closepath
+2 setlinewidth
+gsave
+ .4 setgray fill
+grestore
+stroke
+grestore
+\end{filecontents*}
+%
+\documentclass[matann,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{example.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matann/usrguide.dvi
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/mbioguid.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/mbioguid.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d22d63e45a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/mbioguid.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement
+for\\the Journal of Mathematical Biology}
+
+\author{\copyright~1999, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{26 October 1999}
+
+\newcommand{\command}[1]{{\ttfamily\upshape\char92#1}}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{matbio} option for the \SJour\
+\LaTeXe\ document class. For details on manuscript handling and the
+reviewing process we refer to the \emph{Instructions for authors} which
+can be found at the Internet address
+\texttt{http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00285/index.htm}
+via the link ``About this Journal" and in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for the \emph{Journal of Mathematical Biology} by
+including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[matbio]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{Users guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class}
+The header information (typeset by using the command \verb|\maketitle|)
+will be split on the first page so that the basic information relevant
+for the actual
+article appears at the top and addresses of the authors at the foot of
+the page.
+
+For this purpose the affiliations made with \verb|\inst| in the
+\verb|\author| field have been withdrawn and the command
+\verb|\institute| has been extended, according to the following scheme,
+so as to include the authors' names as well.
+
+\begin{decl}
+|\institute| \arg{author (list) \command{at} address information}
+\end{decl}
+If more than one name/address combination is necessary, please use
+|\and| to separate them (the name of a particular author may well appear
+in more than one of these).
+
+The keyword list should be given and will appear at the foot of
+the first page. To insert your key words, you should use
+\begin{decl}
+|\keywords| \arg{keywords}
+\end{decl}
+in your frontmatter material before the \verb|\maketitle| line. The
+individual key words should be separated by \verb*| -- |.
+
+In addition to key words, authors have the option of including the
+``Mathematics Subject Classification''. Therefore a command like
+\begin{decl}
+|\subclass| \arg{03A60, 12K05, 13L05}
+\end{decl}
+is provided.
+
+\textbf{Running head on the last page.} If the last page happens to be
+an even-numbered left/verso page, there will be the option of creating a
+combined running head, consisting of name(s) (initials/name of single
+author or names of two authors, initials/name of first author + et.al.
+in the case of three or more authors) and the running title. The
+headline that is automatically generated may be too long to fit into the
+space available. In this case, you will be asked to formulate a shorter
+version of the running title and insert this using the command
+\begin{decl}
+|\combirunning| \arg{author list: shortened title}
+\end{decl}
+Note that |\authorrunning| and/or |\titlerunning| are honored first --
+if the modifications introduced by those two commands are enough to form
+a satisfactorily short ``last page" running head no prompt will be made.
+If no suitable abbreviation can be supplied, you can cancel the
+mechanism altogether by including the option |[nosmartrunhead]| in the
+|\documentclass| command.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/readme.txt b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5581aa75a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+% readme.txt
+% LaTeX class for the Journal of Mathematical Biology
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+Journal of Mathematical Biology
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ readme.txt This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* Main User's Guide (dvi, pdf) - general overview
+ svmatbio.clo The class option file for Mathematical Biology
+ mbioguid.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, pdf) for Mathematical Biology
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+
+INSTALLATION
+
+Copy svjour.cls and svmatbio.clo to a place where LaTeX can find them.
+
+
+GETTING STARTED
+
+You should first read the "Main User's Guide" to get an overview
+and then the "User's Guide for Journal of Mathematical Biology" for special
+instructions concerning this journal. Alternatively to reading the
+entire documentation, it is also possible to proceed by merely filling
+out the template and then looking up additional commands as needed.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/svmatbio.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/svmatbio.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae1d669817
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/svmatbio.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION MATBIO -- Journal of Mathematical Biology
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svmatbio.clo}
+ [1999/10/26 v1.0
+ style option for the Journal of Mathematical Biology]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svmatbio.clo for the Journal of
+Mathematical Biology}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt\@xiipt
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+\def\subclassname{{\it Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):\/} }
+\def\subclass#1{\gdef\@subclass{#1}}
+\def\@subclass{}
+%
+\def\nothanksmarks{\def\thanks##1{\protected@xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+ \protect\footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent##1}}}}
+%
+\def\mbiomaketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted
+later}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{keywords}{Key words should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}##1\vrule height0pt
+ width0pt depth8pt}
+%
+\def\PresentAddress##1{\typeout{^^JThank you for stating your present
+address;^^Jit will help us to contact you in the editorial and
+production process^^Jbut will not be printed in the document.}}
+%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \unskip${}\cdot{}$\relax}%
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ {\def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\unskip}\def\inst##1{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\\[3pt]}%
+ \def\at{\unskip: }%
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent
+ \ignorespaces\@institute}\vspace{5dd}}%
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \if!\@keywords!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\keywordname
+ \ignorespaces\@keywords}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if!\@subclass!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\subclassname
+ \ignorespaces\@subclass}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\def\mbio@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup % Start of header box
+ \nothanksmarks
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\Large\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par\vskip 15pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ \vskip-10pt
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \nothanksmarks
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ {\normalsize\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic\par
+ }\vskip9pt
+ \fi
+ \noindent\@date
+ \egroup % End of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width\z@ height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip6pt
+}
+%
+\def\mbio@abstract{\small
+\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\def\mbio@endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+\def\strich{\hrule\addvspace{5mm}}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\def\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}%
+\headerboxheight=4.2cm
+\logodepth=.4cm
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern3\p@\hrule\kern2.6\p@}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\rm\rlap{\vbox to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width
+\textwidth\vss}}%
+\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\rlap{\vbox to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width
+\textwidth\vss}}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\rlap{\vbox
+to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width \textwidth\vss}} \hfil \lastevenhead}}%
+\let\maketitle=\mbiomaketitle
+\let\@maketitle=\mbio@maketitle
+\let\abstract=\mbio@abstract
+\let\endabstract=\mbio@endabstract
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words:} }
+\def\keywords#1{\gdef\@keywords{#1}}
+\let\authorfont=\relax
+\renewcommand{\section}{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{9pt plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\renewcommand{\subsection}{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{9pt plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\renewcommand{\subsubsection}{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\betweenumberspace{0.5em }%
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\sectcounterend{.}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}%
+\journalname{Journal of Mathematical Biology}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svmatbio.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a8627d5d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matbio/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for the Journal of Mathematical Biology
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% First comes an example EPS file -- just ignore it and
+% proceed on the \documentclass line
+\begin{filecontents*}{sample.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 19 19 221 221
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 29 1997
+%%Creator: programmed by hand (JK)
+%%EndComments
+gsave
+newpath
+ 20 20 moveto
+ 20 220 lineto
+ 220 220 lineto
+ 220 20 lineto
+closepath
+2 setlinewidth
+gsave
+ .4 setgray fill
+grestore
+stroke
+grestore
+\end{filecontents*}
+%
+\documentclass[matbio,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author \and Second author% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next two lines if not needed
+\thanks{T.\,Second was supported by a grant of the Swiss
+National Science Foundation.}
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{First Author\at Insert the first address here \and
+Second Author\at the second address here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\keywords{Specify -- your -- keywords -- here}
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{sample.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
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new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/mathprog.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/mathprog.dvi
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/mathprog.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/mathprog.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c0941cdbe9
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/mathprog.ps b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/mathprog.ps
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d7edbfc047
--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1,2710 @@
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0
+%%Title: D:\2E-TEST\MATHPROG\SERVER\MATHPROG.DVI
+%%Creator: DVIPSONE 1.2.11 1996 Mar 7 22:36:37 SN 1362
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+%%EndComments
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+% textext encoding
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+ 128 notdef]def
+end % dvidict
+dvidict begin
+% texnansi encoding
+/texnansi[ 5 notdef/dotaccent/hungarumlaut/ogonek
+/fl/fraction n/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl
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+%%EndProlog
+%%BeginSetup
+dvidict begin
+%%BeginResource: font cmr17
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR17 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:59
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR17) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmr17 def
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+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-232 -250 945 963}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000795 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%%BeginResource: font cmr12
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR12 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Jun 07 22:11:29
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR12) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
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+end readonly def
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+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
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+currentdict end
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmsy10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSY10 1.00
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Jul 23 21:24:04
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMSY10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle -14.035 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmsy10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding 256 array
+0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
+dup 13 /circlecopyrt put
+readonly def
+/FontBBox{-29 -960 1116 775}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000820 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:09
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
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+/Weight (Bold) readonly def
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmr10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Aug 11 21:18:25
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmr10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-40 -250 1009 969}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000793 def
+currentdict end
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+%%BeginResource: font cmti10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTI10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:16
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
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+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
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+end readonly def
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+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
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+currentdict end
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+%%CreationDate: 1992 Jul 02 10:47:58
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmtt10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTT10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Apr 26 10:42:42
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmtt9
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTT9 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:42
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMTT9) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch true def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmtt9 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding texnansi def
+/FontBBox{-6 -237 731 801}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000831 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:30
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmbx10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMBX10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Jun 07 22:10:37
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMBX10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Bold) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmbx10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-301 -250 1164 946}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000768 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+284382 r(If)S(no)S(suitable)s o y u
+4063232 r(abbreviation)s
+241751 W(can)S(b)s
+18205 r(e)S(supplied,)s
+247575 r(y)s
+-18205 X(ou)S(can)S(cancel)S(the)S(mec)T(hanism)S(altogether)S
+(b)T(y)S(in-)s o y u
+4063232 r(cluding)s
+218453 W(the)S(option)S
+f11([nosmartrunhead])S
+f6(in)S(the)S
+f11(\\documentclass)S
+f6(command.)s O
+1966080 d u
+15204352 r(2)s O
+eop % [2]
+end % dvidict
+%%PageTrailer
+%%Trailer
+%%EOF
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/mathprog.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/mathprog.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6cfa4817db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/mathprog.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement
+for\\\textit{Mathematical Programming}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1998, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{7 April 1998}
+
+\newcommand{\command}[1]{{\ttfamily\upshape\char92#1}}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{matprg} option for the \SJour\
+\LaTeXe\ document class. For details on manuscript handling and the
+reviewing process we refer to the \emph{Instructions for authors} which
+can be found at the Intertnet address
+\texttt{http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/10107/index.htm}
+via the link ``About this Journal" and
+in the printed journal. For style matters please consult previous issues
+of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Mathematical Programming} by
+including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[matprg]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{Users guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class}
+The header information (typeset by using the command \verb|\maketitle|)
+will be split on the first page so that the basic information relevant
+for the actual article appears at the top and addresses of the authors
+and additional material at the foot of the page.
+
+For this purpose the footnote like affiliations made with \verb|\inst|
+in the \verb|\author| field have been withdrawn and the command
+\verb|\institute| has been extended, according to the following scheme,
+so as to include the authors' names as well.
+
+\begin{decl}
+|\institute| \arg{author (list) \command{at} address information}
+\end{decl}
+If more than one name/address combination is necessary, please use
+|\and| to separate them (the name of a particular author may well appear
+in more than one of these).
+
+Please avoid adding footnote elements to the header. If, for example,
+you wish to express your thanks to someone who has supported your work,
+place this in the |acknowledgement| environment at the end of
+your article, directly before the bibliographic section.
+
+\textbf{Running head on the last page.} If the last page happens to be
+an even-numbered left/verso page, there will be the option of creating a
+combined running head, consisting of name(s) (initials/name of single
+author or names of two authors, initials/name of first author + et.al.
+in the case of three or more authors) and the running title. The
+headline that is automatically generated may be too long to fit into the
+space available. In this case, you will be asked to formulate a shorter
+version of the running title and insert this using the command
+\begin{decl}
+|\combirunning| \arg{author list: shortened title}
+\end{decl}
+Note that |\authorrunning| and/or |\titlerunning| are honored first --
+if the modifications introduced by those two commands are enough to form
+a satisfactorily short ``last page" running head no prompt will be made.
+If no suitable abbreviation can be supplied, you can cancel the
+mechanism altogether by including the option |[nosmartrunhead]| in the
+|\documentclass| command.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..494f84ac0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Mathematical Prpgramming
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for
+"Mathematical Prpgramming"
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf)
+ svmatprg.clo The class option file for Mathematical Prpgramming
+ mathprog.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps, pdf)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+ in due course:
+ example.* Example of an article
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/svmatprg.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/svmatprg.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21dbdd5c24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/svmatprg.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION MATPRG -- Mathematical Programming
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svmatprg.clo}
+ [1998/03/30 v1.0
+ style option for Mathematical Programming]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svnummat.clo for Mathematical Programming}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{12pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@viiipt{9pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{12.2cm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{550pt}
+%
+\def\subclassname{{\it Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):\/} }
+\def\subclass#1{\gdef\@subclass{#1}}
+\def\@subclass{}
+%
+\def\maprmaketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted
+later}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}##1\vrule height0pt
+ width0pt depth8pt}
+%
+\def\PresentAddress##1{\typeout{^^JThank you for stating your present
+address;^^Jit will help us to contact you in the editorial and
+production process^^Jbut will not be printed in the document.}}
+%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \unskip${}\cdot{}$\relax}%
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ {\def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\unskip}\def\inst##1{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\\[3pt]}%
+ \def\at{\unskip: }%
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent
+ \ignorespaces\@institute}\vspace{5dd}}%
+ \if!\@subclass!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\subclassname
+ \ignorespaces\@subclass}%
+ \fi
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\def\mapr@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup % Start of header box
+% \nothanksmarks
+% \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par\vskip 15pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ \vskip-10pt
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+% \nothanksmarks
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic\par
+ \vskip9pt
+ \fi
+ \noindent\@date
+ \egroup % End of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width\z@ height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip6pt
+}
+%
+\def\mapr@abstract{\small
+\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\def\mapr@endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+\def\strich{\hrule\addvspace{5mm}}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\def\email#1{e-mail: \texttt{#1}}%
+\def\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}%
+\headerboxheight=3.2cm %180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern3\p@\hrule\kern2.6\p@}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\rm\rlap{\vbox to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width
+\textwidth\vss}}%
+\rightmark\hfil\ifnum\c@page<\@M\llap{\thepage}\fi}
+\def\@evenhead{\small\ifnum\c@page<\@M\rlap{\thepage}\fi\rlap{\vbox
+to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width\textwidth\vss}}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\rlap{\vbox
+to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width \textwidth\vss}} \hfil \lastevenhead}}%
+\let\maketitle=\maprmaketitle
+\let\@maketitle=\mapr@maketitle
+\let\abstract=\mapr@abstract
+\let\endabstract=\mapr@endabstract
+\let\authorfont=\relax
+\def\betweenumberspace{0.5em }%
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\sectcounterend{.}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}%
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}%
+\journalname{Mathematical Programming}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svmatprg.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a09ac9603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Mathematical Programming
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[matprg,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\author{First author \and Second author}
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\institute{First Author\at Insert the first address here \and
+Author, 2nd\at the second address goes here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+\subclass{20E28, 20G40, 20C20}
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/mathprog/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/matlog.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/matlog.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2d0636597
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/matlog.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/matlog.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/matlog.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a7519703b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/matlog.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..395ffb6348
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Archive for Mathematical Logic
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "Archive for Mathematical Logic"
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+ read.me This file
+ SVJour.cls Core document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* Main User's Guide (PDF and DVI)
+ svmatlog.clo Class option file for Archive for Mathematical Logic
+ matlog.* User's Guide for Archive for Mathematical Logic (PDF and DVI)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+
+INSTALLATION
+
+Copy SVJour.cls and svmatlog.clo to a place where LaTeX can find them.
+
+
+GETTING STARTED
+
+You should first read the "Main User's Guide" to get an overview
+and then the "User's Guide for Archive for Mathematical Logic" for special
+instructions concerning this journal. Alternatively to reading the
+entire documentation, it is also possible to proceed by merely filling
+out the template and then looking up additional commands as needed. \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/svmatlog.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/svmatlog.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ddca955103
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/svmatlog.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION MATLOG -- Archive for Mathematical Logic
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svmatlog.clo}
+ [1997/09/29 v1.0
+ style option for Archive for Mathematical Logic]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svmatlog.clo for Archive for Mathematical Logic}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xipt{13pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+\def\subclassname{\textit{Mathematics Subject Classification:\/}}
+\def\subclass#1{\gdef\@subclass{#1}}
+\def\@subclass{}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+%
+% changing the abstract environment to eject the \subclass
+\renewcommand\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi%
+\if!\@subclass!\else
+ \begingroup
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\relax}%
+ \footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt%
+ \subclassname\ \ignorespaces\@subclass}%
+ \endgroup
+\fi
+}
+%
+\journalname{Archive for Mathematical Logic}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svmatlog.clo'. \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f862f9cb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Archive for Mathematical Logic
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% First comes an example EPS file -- just ignore it and
+% proceed on the \documentclass line
+\begin{filecontents*}{example.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 19 19 221 221
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 29 1997
+%%Creator: programmed by hand (JK)
+%%EndComments
+gsave
+newpath
+ 20 20 moveto
+ 20 220 lineto
+ 220 220 lineto
+ 220 20 lineto
+closepath
+2 setlinewidth
+gsave
+ .4 setgray fill
+grestore
+stroke
+grestore
+\end{filecontents*}
+%
+\documentclass[matlog,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\subclass{} % Insert the Mathematical Subject Classification here
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{example.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matlog/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/matzei.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/matzei.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e87c15ccde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/matzei.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/matzei.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/matzei.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1ffe94311e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/matzei.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c30d2c3c41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Mathematische Zeitschrift
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "Mathematische Zeitschrift"
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+ read.me This file
+ SVJour.cls Core document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* Main User's Guide (PDF and DVI)
+ svmatzei.clo Class option file for Mathematische Zeitschrift
+ matzei.* User's Guide for Mathematische Zeitschrift (PDF and DVI)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+
+INSTALLATION
+
+Copy SVJour.cls and svmatzei.clo to a place where LaTeX can find them.
+
+
+GETTING STARTED
+
+You should first read the "Main User's Guide" to get an overview
+and then the "User's Guide for Mathematische Zeitschrift" for special
+instructions concerning this journal. Alternatively to reading the
+entire documentation, it is also possible to proceed by merely filling
+out the template and then looking up additional commands as needed. \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/svmatzei.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/svmatzei.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ee5e45909c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/svmatzei.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION MATZEI -- Mathematische Zeitschrift
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svmatzei.clo}
+ [1997/09/30 v1.0
+ style option for Mathematische Zeitschrift]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svmatzei.clo for Mathematische Zeitschrift}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xipt{13pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\journalname{Mathematische Zeitschrift}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svmatzei.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5a3e9e8af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Mathematische Zeitschrift
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% First comes an example EPS file -- just ignore it and
+% proceed on the \documentclass line
+\begin{filecontents*}{example.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 19 19 221 221
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 29 1997
+%%Creator: programmed by hand (JK)
+%%EndComments
+gsave
+newpath
+ 20 20 moveto
+ 20 220 lineto
+ 220 220 lineto
+ 220 20 lineto
+closepath
+2 setlinewidth
+gsave
+ .4 setgray fill
+grestore
+stroke
+grestore
+\end{filecontents*}
+%
+\documentclass[matzei,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{example.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/matzei/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/nummat.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/nummat.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5eba1b3a56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/nummat.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/nummat.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/nummat.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5014901eae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/nummat.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c67cf6ed8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Numerische Mathematik
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "Numerische Mathematik"
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+ read.me This file
+ SVJour.cls Core document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* Main User's Guide (PDF and DVI)
+ svnummat.clo Class option file for Numerische Mathematik
+ nummat.* User's Guide for Numerische Mathematik (PDF and DVI)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+
+INSTALLATION
+
+Copy SVJour.cls and svnummat.clo to a place where LaTeX can find them.
+
+
+GETTING STARTED
+
+You should first read the "Main User's Guide" to get an overview
+and then the "User's Guide for Numerische Mathematik" for special
+instructions concerning this journal. Alternatively to reading the
+entire documentation, it is also possible to proceed by merely filling
+out the template and then looking up additional commands as needed. \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/svnummat.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/svnummat.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7a0eaec0d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/svnummat.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION NUMMAT -- Numerische Mathematik
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svnummat.clo}
+ [1997/07/30 v1.0
+ style option for Numerische Mathematik]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svnummat.clo for Numerische Mathematik}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xipt{13pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+\def\subclassname{{\it Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):\/} }
+\def\subclass#1{\par\addvspace\medskipamount\noindent\subclassname\
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\renewcommand\leftlegendglue{\hfil}
+\renewcommand\floatcounterend{.\enspace}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\renewcommand\abstractname{Summary\enspace}
+\journalname{Numerische Mathematik}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svnummat.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..320badfc96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Numerische Mathematik
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% First comes an example EPS file -- just ignore it and
+% proceed on the \documentclass line
+\begin{filecontents*}{example.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 19 19 221 221
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 29 1997
+%%Creator: programmed by hand (JK)
+%%EndComments
+gsave
+newpath
+ 20 20 moveto
+ 20 220 lineto
+ 220 220 lineto
+ 220 20 lineto
+closepath
+2 setlinewidth
+gsave
+ .4 setgray fill
+grestore
+stroke
+grestore
+\end{filecontents*}
+%
+\documentclass[nummat,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{example.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/nummat/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/ptrfguid.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/ptrfguid.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..40c05fc903
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/ptrfguid.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/ptrfguid.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/ptrfguid.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e55d53e5dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/ptrfguid.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/ptrfguid.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/ptrfguid.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4c180b40bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/ptrfguid.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement
+for\\Probability Theory and Related Fields}
+
+\author{\copyright~1999, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{3 May 1999}
+
+\newcommand{\command}[1]{{\ttfamily\upshape\char92#1}}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{probth} option for the \SJour\
+\LaTeXe\ document class. For details on manuscript handling and the
+reviewing process we refer to the \emph{Instructions for authors} which
+can be found at the Internet address
+\texttt{http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00440/index.htm}
+via the link ``About this Journal" and in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Probability Theory and Related Fields} by
+including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[probth]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described
+in the main \emph{Users guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class}
+The header information (typeset by using the command \verb|\maketitle|)
+will be split on the first page so that the basic information relevant
+for the actual
+article appears at the top and addresses of the authors at the foot of
+the page.
+
+For this purpose the affiliations made with \verb|\inst| in the
+\verb|\author| field have been withdrawn and the command
+\verb|\institute| has been extended, according to the following scheme,
+so as to include the authors' names as well.
+
+\begin{decl}
+|\institute| \arg{author (list) \command{at} address information}
+\end{decl}
+If more than one name/address combination is necessary, please use
+|\and| to separate them (the name of a particular author may well appear
+in more than one of these).
+
+\textbf{Running head on the last page.} If the last page happens to be
+an even-numbered left/verso page, there will be the option of creating a
+combined running head, consisting of name(s) (initials/name of single
+author or names of two authors, initials/name of first author + et.al.
+in the case of three or more authors) and the running title. The
+headline that is automatically generated may be too long to fit into the
+space available. In this case, you will be asked to formulate a shorter
+version of the running title and insert this using the command
+\begin{decl}
+|\combirunning| \arg{author list: shortened title}
+\end{decl}
+Note that |\authorrunning| and/or |\titlerunning| are honored first --
+if the modifications introduced by those two commands are enough to form
+a satisfactorily short ``last page" running head no prompt will be made.
+If no suitable abbreviation can be supplied, you can cancel the
+mechanism altogether by including the option |[nosmartrunhead]| in the
+|\documentclass| command.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/readme.txt b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..57a7bdd181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+% readme.txt
+% LaTeX class for Probability Theory and Related Fields (PTRF)
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for the
+journal "Probability Theory and Related Fields"
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ readme.txt This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf) - general overview
+ svprobth.clo The class option file for PTRF
+ ptrfguid.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, pdf) for PTRF
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+
+INSTALLATION
+
+Copy svjour.cls and svprobth.clo to a place where LaTeX can find them.
+
+
+GETTING STARTED
+
+You should first read the "Main User's Guide" to get an overview and
+then the "User's Guide for Probability Theory and Related Fields" for
+special instructions concerning this journal. Alternatively to reading
+the entire documentation, it is also possible to proceed by merely
+filling out the template and then looking up additional commands as
+needed.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/svprobth.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/svprobth.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..73b34d9def
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/svprobth.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION PROBTH -- Probability Theory and Related Fields
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (one column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svprobth.clo}
+ [1999/05/03 v1.0
+ style option for Probability Theory and Related Fields]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svprobth.clo for Probability Theory and
+Related Fields}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt\@xiipt%
+ \abovedisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \belowdisplayskip=3 mm plus6pt minus 4pt
+ \abovedisplayshortskip=0.0 mm plus6pt
+ \belowdisplayshortskip=2 mm plus4pt minus 4pt
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10pt}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14pt}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{16dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{25.5cc}
+\setlength{\textheight}{517.5dd}
+%
+\def\subclassname{{\it Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):\/} }
+\def\subclass#1{\gdef\@subclass{#1}}
+\def\@subclass{}
+%
+\def\nothanksmarks{\def\thanks##1{\protected@xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+ \protect\footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent##1}}}}
+%
+\def\ptrfmaketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted
+later}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}##1\vrule height0pt
+ width0pt depth8pt}
+%
+\def\PresentAddress##1{\typeout{^^JThank you for stating your present
+address;^^Jit will help us to contact you in the editorial and
+production process^^Jbut will not be printed in the document.}}
+%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \unskip${}\cdot{}$\relax}%
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ {\def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\unskip}\def\inst##1{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\\[3pt]}%
+ \def\at{\unskip: }%
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent
+ \ignorespaces\@institute}\vspace{5dd}}%
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \if!\@subclass!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\subclassname
+ \ignorespaces\@subclass}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\def\ptrf@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup % Start of header box
+ \nothanksmarks
+% \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\Large\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par\vskip 15pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ \vskip-10pt
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \nothanksmarks
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ {\normalsize\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic\par
+ }\vskip9pt
+ \fi
+ \noindent\@date
+ \egroup % End of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width\z@ height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip6pt
+}
+%
+\def\ptrf@abstract{\small
+\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\def\ptrf@endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+\def\strich{\hrule\addvspace{5mm}}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\def\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}%
+\headerboxheight=3.2cm
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern3\p@\hrule\kern2.6\p@}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\rm\rlap{\vbox to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width
+\textwidth\vss}}%
+\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\rlap{\vbox to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width
+\textwidth\vss}}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\rlap{\vbox
+to\z@{\kern5pt\hrule width \textwidth\vss}} \hfil \lastevenhead}}%
+\let\maketitle=\ptrfmaketitle
+\let\@maketitle=\ptrf@maketitle
+\let\abstract=\ptrf@abstract
+\let\endabstract=\ptrf@endabstract
+\let\authorfont=\relax
+\renewcommand{\section}{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{9pt plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\renewcommand{\subsection}{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{9pt plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\renewcommand{\subsubsection}{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\betweenumberspace{0.5em }%
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\sectcounterend{.}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}%
+\journalname{Probability Theory and Related Fields}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svprobth.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb58e9fe4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Probability Theory and Related Fields
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% First comes an example EPS file -- just ignore it and
+% proceed on the \documentclass line
+\begin{filecontents*}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 19 19 221 221
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 29 1997
+%%Creator: programmed by hand (JK)
+%%EndComments
+gsave
+newpath
+ 20 20 moveto
+ 20 220 lineto
+ 220 220 lineto
+ 220 20 lineto
+closepath
+2 setlinewidth
+gsave
+ .4 setgray fill
+grestore
+stroke
+grestore
+\end{filecontents*}
+%
+\documentclass[probth,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author \and Second author% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next two lines if not needed
+\thanks{T.\,Second was supported by a grant of the Swiss
+National Science Foundation.}
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{First Author\at Insert the first address here \and
+Second Author\at the second address here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by the editor
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume,} (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/prothe/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/readme.1st b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/readme.1st
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..60f5b3dae4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/readme.1st
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+
+
+% readme.1st
+% LaTeX class for Springer Journals
+% general readme file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e SVJour document class for
+Springer Journals in Mathemathics, Physics and Computer Science.
+The distribution is divided into a general part -- subdirectory
+kernel/ -- needed for all journals and one package for each
+separate journal.
+
+
+WHAT YOU WILL NEED
+
+You must download all the files contained in the subdirectory for
+the journal you are planning to write for (see the list below).
+Note, that some files are links to the kernel package. Hence it is not
+necessary to download the kernel files explicitly. Also note that you
+can only use the document class together with one of the various
+journal packages.
+
+
+JOURNALS INCLUDED
+
+Here is the complete list of the subdirectories and the appropriate
+journals:
+
+ directory | journal
+ -----------+----------------------------------
+ actinf | Acta Informatica
+ agp | Annales Geophysicae
+ amalog | Archive for Mathematical Logic
+ arma | Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis
+ calcolo | Calcolo
+ cmp | Communications in Mathematical Physics
+ cvs | Computing and Visualization in Science
+ def | Decisions in Economics and Finance
+ dc | Distributed Computing
+ granma | Granular Matter
+ ijdar | International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition
+ ijodl | International Journal on Digital Libraries
+ invmat | Inventiones mathematicae
+ jog | Journal of Geodesy
+ matbio | Journal of Mathematical Biology
+ manmat | manuscripta mathematica
+ mathprog | Mathematical Programming
+ matann | Mathematische Annalen
+ matzei | Mathematische Zeitschrift
+ nummat | Numerische Mathematik
+ prothe | Probability Theory and Related Fields
+ sw | Shock Waves
+ sct | Software Concepts & Tools
+ sttt | Software Tools for Technology Transfer
+ stropt | Structural Optimization
+ global | support for an unspecific journal
+ epj | The European Physical Journal A-E
+
+
+
+
+ Other journals are still under development and will be added
+ as soon as possible. Meanwhile please use the global option
+ for them. I.e. download all the files from the "global"
+ subdirectory - you just have to choose between one- and
+ two-column style and to specify the name of the journal.
+
+Last update: September 2000
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d2edeaca25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Software Concepts & Tools
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for
+"Software Concepts & Tools"
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf)
+ svsct.clo The class option file for Software Concepts & Tools
+ sctguid.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, pdf)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+ in due course:
+ example.* Example of an article
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72bc3660a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3eae508ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.ps b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.ps
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb45fe7638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.ps
@@ -0,0 +1,1864 @@
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0
+%%Title: sctguid.dvi
+%%Creator: DVIPSONE 1.2.11 1996 Mar 7 22:36:37 SN 1362
+%%CreationDate: 1998 Apr 23 13:10:51
+%%BoundingBox: 72 139 477 769
+%%Pages: 1
+%%PageOrder: Ascend
+%%DocumentSuppliedResources: font cmr17 cmcsc10 cmti12 cmr12 cmsy10 cmbx12
+%%+ font cmr10 cmti10 cmr7 cmmi10 cmtt9
+%%+ procset dvipream 1 2
+%%Copyright: (C) 1990--1996, Y&Y, Inc. All rights reserved. (508) 371-3286
+%%EndComments
+% Command:
+% C:\DVIPSONE\DVIPSONE.EXE -v -s=arborcom -l=a4 -b= -e= sctguid.dvi
+% TeX output 1998.04.23:1310
+%%BeginProlog
+/dvidict 268 dict def
+%%BeginResource: procset dvipream 1 2
+% DVIPSONE preamble version 1.2.11 (1996 Feb 28)
+currentfile eexec
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+/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o
+/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w
+/x/y/z/braceleft/bar/braceright/tilde/dieresis
+/Lslash/quotesingle/quotesinglbase/florin/quotedblbase/ellipsis/dagger/daggerdbl
+/circumflex/perthousand/Scaron/guilsinglleft/OE/Zcaron/asciicircum/minus
+/lslash/quoteleft/quoteright/quotedblleft/quotedblright/bullet/endash/emdash
+/tilde/trademark/scaron/guilsinglright/oe/zcaron/asciitilde/Ydieresis
+/space/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar/section
+/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guillemotleft/logicalnot/hyphen/registered/macron
+/degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu/paragraph/periodcentered
+/cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guillemotright/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown
+/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla
+/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute/Icircumflex/Idieresis
+/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis/multiply
+/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls
+/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla
+/egrave/eacute/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis
+/eth/ntilde/ograve/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide
+/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def
+%%EndProlog
+%%BeginSetup
+dvidict begin
+%%BeginResource: font cmr17
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR17 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:59
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR17) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmr17 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-232 -250 945 963}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000795 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+cleartomark
+
+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmcsc10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMCSC10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Jun 07 22:11:03
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMCSC10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmcsc10 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-276 -250 1077 969}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000772 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTI12 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:19
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMTI12) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
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+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmr12
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR12 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Jun 07 22:11:29
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMR12) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmr12 def
+/PaintType 0 def
+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
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+/UniqueID 5000794 def
+currentdict end
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+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:09
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
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+%%BeginResource: font cmr10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Aug 11 21:18:25
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
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+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle 0 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
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+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
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+/UniqueID 5000793 def
+currentdict end
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+%%EndResource
+%%BeginResource: font cmti10
+%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTI10 1.00B
+%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:56:16
+% Copyright (C) 1988 Blue Sky Research. All rights reserved.
+11 dict begin
+/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
+/version (1.00B) readonly def
+/Notice (Computer Modern fonts were designed by Donald E. Knuth) readonly def
+/FullName (CMTI10) readonly def
+/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
+/Weight (Medium) readonly def
+/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
+/isFixedPitch false def
+end readonly def
+/FontName /cmti10 def
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+/FontType 1 def
+/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
+/Encoding textext def
+/FontBBox{-163 -250 1146 969}readonly def
+/UniqueID 5000828 def
+currentdict end
+currentfile eexec
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+-54614 r(or)s
+187011 W(details)S(on)S(man)s
+-18205 X(uscript)S(handling)S(and)S(the)S(review)S(pro)s
+18205 r(cess)S(w)T(e)S(refer)S(to)S(the)s o y u
+4063232 r
+f7(Instructions)s
+212026 W(for)S(authors)s
+247849 r
+f6(in)s
+194056 W(the)S(prin)s
+-18205 X(ted)S(journal.)s
+283139 r(F)s
+-54614 r(or)S(st)T(yle)S(matters)S(please)S(consult)s o y u
+4063232 r(previous)s
+218453 W(issues)S(of)S(the)S(journal.)s o
+2560452 d U
+4063232 r
+f5(2)s o
+5655755 r(Initializing)s
+353894 W(the)S(class)s o z u
+4063232 r
+f6(As)s
+247247 W(explained)S(in)S(the)S(main)S
+f7(Users)s
+260961 r(guide)s
+296490 r
+f6(y)s
+-18205 r(ou)S(can)S(b)s
+18205 X(egin)S(a)S(do)T(cumen)s
+-18205 r(t)S(for)S
+f7(Softwar)s
+-33497 r(e)s o y u
+4063232 r(Conc)s
+-33497 X(epts)s
+234471 W(&)S(T)s
+-50244 r(o)T(ols)s
+272246 r
+f6(b)s
+-18205 r(y)s
+218453 r(including)s o
+1376256 d u
+4992194 r
+f11(\\documentclass[sct]{svjour})s o
+1441792 d u
+4063232 r
+f6(as)s
+247899 W(the)S(\frst)S(line)S(in)S(y)s
+-18205 r(our)S(text.)s
+379610 r(All)S(other)S(options)S(are)S(also)S(describ)s
+18205 r(ed)S(in)S(the)S(main)s o y u
+4063232 r
+f7(User)s
+234471 r(guide)s
+f6(.)s O
+1966080 d u
+15204352 r(1)s O
+eop % [1]
+end % dvidict
+%%PageTrailer
+%%Trailer
+%%EOF
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dbb6a35a33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/sctguid.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\makeatletter
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
+\renewenvironment{decl}[1][]%
+ {\par\small\addvspace{2.3ex}%
+ \vskip -\parskip
+ \ifx\relax#1\relax
+ \def\@decl@date{}%
+ \else
+ \def\@decl@date{\NEWfeature{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\hspace{-\leftmargini}%
+ \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\ignorespaces}%
+ {\\\hline\end{tabular}\nobreak\@decl@date\par\nobreak
+ \vspace{2.3ex plus 1ex}\vskip -\parskip}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+%
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parskip 0\p@ \@plus 1\p@
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \topsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@\relax}
+\@listI
+\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount}
+\makeatother
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement for\\
+\textit{Software Concepts \& Tools}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1997, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{19 Febrary 1998}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{sct} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Software Concepts \& Tools} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[sct]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described in
+the main \emph{User guide}.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/svsct.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/svsct.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1977decec4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/svsct.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION SCT -- Software Concepts & Tools
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svsct.clo}
+ [1998/04/23 v1.0
+ style option for Software Concepts & Tools ]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svsct.clo for
+ Software Concepts & Tools }
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,twocolumn,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{12}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.55\p@ \@plus4\p@ \@minus5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\newcommand\footnotesize{%
+ \@setfontsize\footnotesize\@viiipt{9.5}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \topsep 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \itemsep \parsep}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width 1.9cm%.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{17.8cm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{640dd}
+\setlength\columnsep{6mm}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
+\setlength\headsep {14\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-60pt}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@fpsep{8\p@ \@plus 2fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{8\p@ \@plus 2fil}
+\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\footnotesize}
+%
+\def\sctrunnhead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>2
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \unhbox\titrun}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: The running head built automatically from
+ \string\author\space and \string\title
+ ^^Jexceeds the pagewidth, please supply a shorter form
+ ^^Jwith \string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@author}%
+}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\sctrunnhead
+\logodepth=1.3cm%
+\headerboxheight=202.23pt%
+\aftertext=2mm%
+\def\keywordname{{\bf Key words:}}
+\def\mailname{{\it Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\betweenumberspace{2.5mm}%
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\hfil}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\hfil\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\sectcounterend{}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.\hskip 1mm}%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{15dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-15dd plus-3pt minus-3pt}{13dd plus 3pt
+ minus3pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-2pt minus-2pt}{10dd plus 2pt
+ minus2pt}{\normalsize}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-10.5dd plus-2pt minus-2pt}{-1pt}{\normalsize\it}}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+%
+\def\smallskip{\vspace\medskipamount\noindent}
+\let\medskip\smallskip
+\let\bigskip\smallskip
+%
+\def\sct@spynthm#1#2#3#4{{\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+\sct@spynthm{property}{Property}{\bf}{\rm}
+\sct@spynthm{question}{Question}{\bf}{\rm}
+\sct@spynthm{definition}{Definition}{\bf}{\rm}
+\renewenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}\begin{center}}
+ {\end{center}\end@float}
+\renewenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}\begin{center}}
+ {\end{center}\end@dblfloat}
+\renewenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}\begin{center}}
+ {\end{center}\end@float}
+\renewenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}\begin{center}}
+ {\end{center}\end@dblfloat}
+%
+\journalname{Software Concepts \& Tools}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svsct.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f936db5adf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for the International Journal on
+% Software Concepts & Tools
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[sct,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author and Second author% etc
+% The present address - made with \thanks - is optional,
+% remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\hsize}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sct/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc21e57fe6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0919551e0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5e2cb300e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/example/example.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,1210 @@
+\documentclass[stropt]{svjour}
+%\usepackage{times}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+%
+%Definitions
+%
+\def\be{\begin{equation}}%
+\def\ee{\end{equation}}%
+\def\m{\mathbf{M}}%
+\def\b{\mathbf{B}}%
+\def\y{\mathbf{Y}}%
+\def\x{\mathbf{X}}%
+\def\p{\mathbf{P}}%
+\def\xx{\mathbf{x}}%
+\def\zz{\mathbf{z}}%
+\def\bb{\mathbf{\beta}}%
+\def\kb{\mathbf{b}}%
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Using response surface approximations\\ in fuzzy set based
+design optimization\thanks{Presented as paper 98--1776 at the
+39th AIAA\-/ASME/\-ASCE/\-AHS/\-ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials
+Conference, Long Beach, California, April 20-23, 1998}}
+\author{G. Venter and R.T. Haftka}
+%
+\institute{Department of Aerospace Engineering, Mechanics and Engineering
+Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611--6250, USA\\
+\email{gventer@ufl.edu} and \email{haftka@ufl.edu}}
+%
+\date{Received: August 24, 1998}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+The paper focuses on modelling uncertainty typical of the aircraft industry.
+The design problem involves maximizing a safety measure of an isotropic
+plate for a given weight.
+Additionally, the dependence of the weight on the level of uncertainty,
+for a specified allowable possibility of failure, is also studied.
+It is assumed that the plate will be built from future materials, with
+little information available on the uncertainty.
+Fuzzy set theory is used to model the uncertainty.
+Response surface approximations that are accurate over the entire design
+space are used throughout the design process, mainly to reduce the
+computational cost associated with designing for uncertainty.
+All of the problem parameters are assumed to be uncertain, and both a
+yield stress and a buckling load constraint are considered.
+The fuzzy set based design is compared to a traditional deterministic
+design that uses a factor of safety to account for the uncertainty.
+It is shown that, for the example problem considered, the fuzzy
+set based design is superior.
+Additionally, the use of response surface approximations results in
+substantial reductions in computational cost, allowing the final results to
+be presented in the form of design charts.
+\end{abstract}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec01}
+
+In the aircraft industry, structures are often designed that will be built
+well into the future from materials available then, leading to uncertainty
+in material properties.
+Apart from the uncertain material properties, the manufacturing cost is also
+uncertain.
+However, unlike the uncertainty in the material properties, the designer has
+some control over the manufacturing cost, which is closely linked to the
+required tolerances in geometry.
+For such design problems, little information regarding the uncertainty is
+known, and the uncertainty is typically modeled based on expert opinion and
+assumptions made by the designer.
+Fuzzy set theory can use limited available data and caters for worst case
+scenarios.
+Fuzzy set theory is thus capable of by compensating for the fact that the
+uncertainty is modeled based on subjective opinions and assumptions
+\citep{Maglaras97}.
+In contrast, probabilistic methods require large amount of data and the
+results obtained are, in some cases, very sensitive to both the accuracy of
+this data as well as to the assumptions made during the modeling process
+\citep[e.g.][pp.~11--32]{BenHaim90}.
+
+Fuzzy set theory was introduced by \citet{Zadeh65}
+as a mathematical
+tool for the quantitative modeling of uncertainty, and makes use of fuzzy
+numbers to represent uncertain problem parameters.
+The designer only needs to specify the range of uncertainty and a membership
+function that denotes the possibility of occurrence of an element in the
+specified range to represent an uncertain parameter as a fuzzy number.
+Membership functions are generally constructed subjectively, based on
+expert opinion.
+In recent years, fuzzy set theory has been applied to a wide range of
+structural optimization problems.
+For example, \cite{Liu92}
+performed a fatigue reliability
+analysis of a portal frame, \cite{Jung96}
+considered the
+optimal plastic design of a fixed-fixed beam and a portal frame, and
+\cite{Jensen97}
+minimized the weight of a 25-bar transmission tower.
+Fuzzy set theory has also been used in multidisciplinary optimization by
+\cite{Rao93}
+to design the main rotor of a helicopter as well as by
+\cite{Wu96}
+to optimize the machine room layout of a ship.
+Additionally, \cite{Shih95}
+applied multicriteria
+optimization to various truss examples, considering both weight and
+displacement as objectives.
+
+Unfortunately, designing for uncertainty is computationally intensive and
+typically requires at least an order of magnitude more computational cost as
+compared to a corresponding deterministic design.
+In the present paper, response surface approximations are used to reduce the
+high computational cost associated with designing for uncertainty by using
+approximations that are accurate over the entire design space to replace
+costly finite element analyses.
+Response surface approximations have attracted a lot of interest from the
+structural optimization community in recent years, since they filter out
+numerical noise inherent to most numerical analysis procedures
+\citep[e.g.][]{Giunta94},
+they provide the designer with a global
+perspective of the response over the entire design space
+\citep[e.g.][]{Mistree94},
+and they enable easy integration of
+various software codes \citep[e.g.][]{Kaufman96}.
+
+An isotropic plate with a change in thickness across its width is considered
+as a design problem.
+All of the problem parameters are considered to be uncertain and the
+objective is to maximize a safety measure of the plate for a given weight.
+Both deterministic and fuzzy set based designs are considered and the results
+are compared.
+The safety measure is maximized by maximizing the factor of safety in the
+deterministic design and by minimizing the possibility of failure in the
+fuzzy set based design.
+Finally, the dependence of the weight on the level of uncertainty
+associated with the key geometric parameters is presented in the form of a
+design chart, based on results obtained from a number of optimizations.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Fuzzy set theory}
+\label{sec02}
+
+Fuzzy set theory presents a methodology for the mathematical modeling of
+uncertainty.
+In contrast to classical set theory where a sharp transition exists between
+membership and non-membership, fuzzy set theory makes use of membership
+functions to denote the degree to which an element belongs to a fuzzy set.
+A membership function assigns a grade of membership, ranging between 0 and 1,
+to each element of the universal set as follows
+\begin{equation}
+\m (x):~X\rightarrow [0,1]\, . \label{eq01}
+\end{equation}
+In (\ref{eq01}) $\m$ denotes a membership function that maps the elements of
+the universal set $X$ to the real interval $[0,1]$.
+The same symbol, a bold face capital letter, is used to denote both the fuzzy
+set and its membership function.
+Since each fuzzy set is completely and uniquely defined by only one particular
+membership function, no ambiguity results from the double use of the symbol.
+
+Fuzzy sets are represented numerically by making use of $\alpha$ level cuts.
+An $\alpha$ level cut is defined as the real interval where the membership
+function is larger than a given value, $\alpha$ \citep[p.~19]{Klir95}
+and may be written mathematically for a generic
+fuzzy set $\b$ as follows:
+\begin{equation}
+^{\alpha}B=\left\{ x | \b (x)\geq\alpha\right\}\, . \label{eq02}
+\end{equation}
+Figure~\ref{fig:1} provides a graphical representation of (\ref{eq02}), where
+it is assumed that $\b$ has a triangular and symmetric membership function,
+and shows the end points $^{\alpha}b_1$ and $^{\alpha}b_2$ of the $\alpha$
+level cut.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\vspace{5cm}
+\caption{An $\alpha$ level cut of a triangular and symmetric membership
+function, having support in $(x_L, x_R)$}
+\label{fig:1}
+\end{figure}
+
+A fuzzy number is defined as a fuzzy set that is both normal and convex
+\citep[pp.~97]{Klir95}.
+A normal fuzzy set has a maximum membership function equal to 1, while all
+possible $\alpha$ level cuts are convex for a convex fuzzy set.
+The fuzzy set $\b$
+shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:1} is thus a fuzzy number.
+In fact the triangular and symmetric membership function is most often used to
+represent fuzzy numbers, mainly due to its simplicity, and was used throughout
+the present paper to represent all of the uncertain problem parameters.
+
+A fuzzy function $\y$ is a function of fuzzy variables $\x_i$ and may be
+written as
+\begin{equation}
+\y=\y (\x_1,\x_2,\ldots,\x_n) \label{eq03}
+\end{equation}
+for the case where $n$ fuzzy variables are considered.
+%Klir and Yuan 1995,
+%(pp.~105--109)
+\citet[pp.~105--109]{Klir95} summarized and proved the
+following properties of a fuzzy function.
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item When all of the fuzzy variables of a fuzzy function are continuous
+fuzzy numbers, the fuzzy function itself is also a continuous fuzzy number.
+\item When all of the fuzzy variables of a fuzzy function are fuzzy numbers,
+the $\alpha$ level cut of a fuzzy function $^{\alpha}Y$ may be written in
+terms of the $\alpha$ level cuts of its fuzzy variables $^{\alpha}X_i$ as
+follows:
+
+\begin{gather}
+^{\alpha}Y=^{\alpha}Y(^{\alpha}X_1,%^{\alpha}X_2,
+\ldots,^{\alpha}X_n)=\label{eq04}\\
+\left[
+\min_{^{\alpha}R}
+\left[
+Y(^{\alpha}X_1,%^{\alpha}X_2,
+\ldots,^{\alpha}X_n)
+\right],
+\max_{^{\alpha}R}
+\left[
+Y(^{\alpha}X_1,%^{\alpha}X_2,
+\ldots,^{\alpha}X_n)
+\right]
+\right]\, ,\notag
+\end{gather}
+where $^{\alpha}R$ denotes the $n$-dimensional box, formed by the $\alpha$
+level cuts of the $n$ fuzzy numbers.
+\end{enumerate}
+Based on these properties of a fuzzy function,
+\cite{Dong87}
+introduced the vertex method for evaluating the upper and lower bounds of
+$^{\alpha}Y$ when all of the fuzzy variables of $\y$ are fuzzy numbers.
+This method requires the evaluation of the fuzzy function at the $2^n$
+vertices of the $n$-dimensional rectangle, formed by the $\alpha$ level cuts
+of the $n$ fuzzy variables.
+In addition, interior global extreme points need to be checked.
+This method requires a large number of function evaluations and is
+computationally intensive.
+
+For calculating the possibility of failure it is required to compare a crisp
+number with a fuzzy number.
+Note that a fuzzy number may also be considered as the trace of a possibility
+measure $\Pi$ on the singletons (single elements) $x$ of the universal set $X$
+%(Dubois and Prade 1988,
+%pp.~13--17).
+\citep[p.~13--17]{Dubois88}.
+When a possibility measure defined on the unit interval is considered, its
+possibility distribution $\pi$ is then interpreted as the membership function
+of a fuzzy number $\b$ describing the event that $\Pi$ focuses on, as follows:
+\begin{equation}
+\Pi\left( \{ x\}\right)=\pi(x)=\b (x)\, ,\quad \forall x\in X\, . \label{eq05}
+\end{equation}
+The possibility measure of a crisp number being smaller or equal to a fuzzy
+number $\b$ is then defined \cite[pp.~99--101]{Dubois88} as follows:
+%
+\begin{equation}
+\Pi_{\b}\left( [x,+\infty) \right)=\sup_{y\geq x}\b (y)\, ,\quad \forall
+x\, . \label{eq06}
+\end{equation}
+The possibility distribution function $\pi_{\b}$ corresponding to
+the possibility measure of (\ref{eq06}) is shown graphically in
+Fig.~\ref{fig:2} for the general case where $\b$ has a nonlinear membership
+function.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\vspace{5cm}
+\caption{Possibility distribution of $\b \geq x$ for nonlinear $\b(x)$,
+having support in $(x_L, x_R)$}
+\label{fig:2}
+\end{figure}
+
+Based on (\ref{eq05}) and (\ref{eq06}), the possibility distribution of
+failure $\pi_{(\p-\p_f)}$ is obtained from the fuzzy function
+$(\p-\p_f)$ that contains the fuzzy numbers $\p$ (the applied load) and $\p_f$
+(the failure load) as variables.
+The possibility of failure $(\p-\p_f\geq 0)$ is then defined as
+\begin{equation}
+\Pi_{(\p-\p_f)}\left( [0,+\infty)\right)=\sup_{y\geq 0}(\p-\p_f)(y)\, .
+\label{eq07}
+\end{equation}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Overview of response surface approximations}
+\label{sec03}
+
+A response surface approximation is an approximate relationship between a
+dependent variable $\eta$ (the response) and a vector $\xx$ of $k$
+independent variables (the predictor variables).
+The response is generally obtained from experiments (which may be numerical
+in nature), where $\eta$ denotes the mean or expected response value.
+It is assumed that the true model of the response may be written as a linear
+combination of given functions $\tilde{\zz}$ with some unknown coefficients
+$\tilde{\bb}$.
+The experimentally obtained response $y$ differs from the expected value
+$\eta$ due to random experimental error $\delta$ as follows:
+\begin{equation}
+y(\xx)=\eta(\xx)+\delta=\tilde{\zz}(\xx)^T \tilde{\bb}+\delta\, .
+\label{eq08}
+\end{equation}
+
+Since the exact dependence of $\eta$ is generally unknown, a response surface
+approximation is used to approximate $\eta(\xx)$ as follows:
+\begin{equation}
+y(\xx)=\zz(\xx)^T\bb+\varepsilon\, ,
+\label{eq09}
+\end{equation}
+where $\zz(\xx)$ contains the assumed functions in the response surface
+approximation and $\bb$ the associated coefficients.
+Furthermore, $\varepsilon$ denotes the total error, which is the
+difference between the predicted and measured response values and includes
+both random (variance) and modeling (bias) error.
+Typically low order polynomials are used as a response surface approximation,
+in which case $\zz(\xx)$ consists of monomials.
+
+The coefficients $\bb$ of the response surface approximation are estimated
+from the experimentally obtained response values to minimize the sum of the
+squares of the error terms, a process known as regression.
+The estimated values of $\bb$ is denoted by $\kb$, resulting in the
+following response surface approximation:
+\begin{equation}
+\hat{y}(\xx)=\zz(\xx)^T\kb\, ,
+\label{eq10}
+\end{equation}
+where the caret symbol implies predicted values.
+
+The assumed form of the response surface approximation, (\ref{eq10}),
+usually includes redundant parameters and parameters that are poorly
+characterized by the experiments.
+These parameters may increase the prediction error of the approximation and
+thus decrease its predictive capabilities.
+In the present paper, redundant parameters are eliminated by using mixed,
+backwards, stepwise regression (e.g.
+\citealt{Ott93}, pp.~648--659; \citealt{Myers95}, pp.~642--655).
+Mallow's $Cp$ statistic is used to identify the best reduced response
+surface approximation from the subset of reduced response surface
+approximations provided by the stepwise regression procedure and is
+defined as
+\begin{equation}
+Cp=\frac{SSE_p}{s_{\varepsilon}^2}-(n-2p)\, ,
+\label{eq11}
+\end{equation}
+where $SSE_p$ is the sum of the squares of the $n$ error terms (one for each
+data point used to estimate $\kb$) for an approximation with $p$ parameters
+and $s_{\varepsilon}^2$ is the mean sum of squares of the error terms obtained
+from the response surface approximation with all of the parameters included.
+
+Optimization has the general tendency of exploiting weaknesses in the
+formulation of the response function, and highly accurate response surface
+approximations are thus a requirement in structural optimization applications.
+To ensure highly accurate approximations, it is important to evaluate the
+predictive capabilities of the approximations.
+In the present paper, the coefficient of determination $(R^2)$ statistic,
+the adjusted $R^2$ (Adj-$R^2$) statistic, the percent root mean square
+error (\%RMSE) as well as the percent root mean square error based on the
+predicted sum of squares (PRESS) statistic (\%RMSE$_{{\rm PRESS}}$) are
+calculated \citep[pp.~28--47]{Myers95}.
+
+The $R^2$ statistic denotes the proportion of the variability in the response
+that is accounted for by the response surface approximation and has a value
+between 0 and 1.
+The Adj-$R^2$ statistic is an alternative measure of the explained variability
+that, unlike $R^2$, has the desirable property that its value does not
+necessarily increase when adding (possibly redundant) parameters to a
+response surface approximation.
+The \%RMSE is an estimate of the root mean square error of the approximation
+that is obtained from the data points used to construct the approximation,
+using the following unbiased estimator:
+%
+\[
+{\rm \%RMSE}=\frac{100}{\overline{y}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{(n-p)}
+\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}(y_i-\hat{y}_i)^2}\, ,
+\]
+where
+%
+\begin{equation}
+\overline{y}=\frac1n\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}| y_i |\, .
+\label{eq12}
+\end{equation}
+
+The \%RMSE$_{{\rm PRESS}}$ is an additional measure of the error, based on
+the PRESS statistic.
+The PRESS statistic is calculated by selecting a data point, say data point
+$i$.
+The response surface approximation obtained from the remaining $(n - 1)$ data
+points is used to predict the response at the withheld data point, denoted by
+$\hat{y}_{(i)}$.
+The prediction error at the withheld data point $e_{(i)}$ is then defined as
+\begin{equation}
+e_{(i)}=y_i-\hat{y}_{(i)}\, , \label{eq13}
+\end{equation}
+and is referred to as the $i$-th PRESS residual.
+This procedure is repeated for all of the data points and the resulting PRESS
+residuals are summed to form the PRESS statistic as follows:
+\begin{equation}
+{\rm PRESS}=\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}e^2_{(i)}
+=\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}\left\lbrack y_i-\hat{y}_{(i)}\right\rbrack ^2\, .
+\label{eq14}
+\end{equation}
+The %RMSE$_{{\rm PRESS}}$ is then defined as:
+\begin{equation}
+{\rm \%RMSE}_{{\rm PRESS}}=\frac{100}{\overline{y}}
+\sqrt{\frac1n{\rm PRESS}}\, .
+\label{eq15}
+\end{equation}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Plate example}
+\label{sec04}
+
+An isotropic plate with a change in thickness in the form of a linear ramp
+(see Fig.~\ref{fig:3}) is the design problem considered in the present paper.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\vspace{5cm}
+\caption{Three-dimensional view of the plate with a thickness change.}
+\label{fig:3}
+\end{figure}
+
+Three nondimensional parameters, $\lambda$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$, are used to
+specify the geometry and location of the change in thickness
+(see Fig.~\ref{fig:4}).
+The plate is simply supported on two edges, free on the other two edges, and
+subjected to an uniformly distributed load applied on the two simply supported
+edges.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\vspace{5cm}
+\caption{Cross-section of plate with response variables shown.}
+\label{fig:4}
+\end{figure}
+
+Both a yield stress failure (according to the Von Mises criterion) and a
+buckling load constraint are considered in the design, and the failure load
+$P_f$ of the plate is calculated from
+\begin{equation}
+P_f=\min\left\{
+\begin{array}{l}
+\frac{\strut\displaystyle\sigma_Y\lambda b t_0}{\strut\displaystyle\tilde{\sigma}_x} \\
+\frac{\strut\displaystyle\tilde{N}_{{\rm crit}} \pi^2 Eb(\lambda t_0)^3}{\strut\displaystyle12(1-\nu^2)a^2}
+\end{array}
+\right.\, , \label{eq16}
+\end{equation}
+and failure is defined to occur when:
+\begin{equation}
+P-P_f\geq 0\, . \label{eq17}
+\end{equation}
+In (\ref{eq16}) and (\ref{eq17}), $\sigma_y$ denotes the yield stress, $E$ the
+Young's modulus and $\nu$ the Poisson's ratio of the material considered,
+while $\lambda$, $a$, $b$, $t_0$ and $r$ describe the geometry of the plate as
+shown in Figs.~\ref{fig:3} and \ref{fig:4} and $P$ denotes the applied load.
+Additionally, $\tilde{\sigma}_x$ denotes the nondimensional, $x$-directional
+stress component on the top surface of the thin section of the plate,
+calculated a distance $r$ from the re-entrant corner, and is defined as
+\begin{equation}
+\tilde{\sigma}_x=\frac{\lambda b t_0\sigma_x}{P}\, ,
+\label{eq18}
+\end{equation}
+while $\tilde{N}_{{\rm crit}}$ denotes the nondimensional buckling load of
+the plate, defined as
+\begin{equation}
+\tilde{N}_{{\rm crit}}=\frac{12(1-\nu^2)a^2 N_{{\rm crit}}}{\pi^2 E b
+(\lambda t_0)^3}\, .
+\label{eq19}
+\end{equation}
+
+\leavevmode\citet{Venter97}
+used a large number of numerical experiments to
+study this problem in detail, and showed that the maximum von Mises stress
+always occurs on the top surface of the thin section of the plate, in which
+case $\sigma_x$ is the only nonzero stress component.
+According to the von Mises criterion, failure then occurs when
+\begin{equation}
+\tilde{\sigma}_x\geq \tilde{\sigma}_Y=\frac{\lambda b t_0\sigma_Y}{P}\, .
+\label{eq20}
+\end{equation}
+\cite{Venter97}
+also determined that the problem has both a local
+and a global buckling mode, and defined a simple geometric criterion to
+distinguish between the two buckling modes as follows:
+\begin{equation}
+\mbox{buckling mode}=\left\{
+\begin{array}{ll}
+\mbox{local if} & \frac{(0.5-\beta-\gamma)}{\lambda}\geq 0.6 \\[4pt]
+\mbox{global if} & \frac{(0.5-\beta-\gamma)}{\lambda}\leq 0.6
+\end{array}\, .
+\right. \label{eq21}
+\end{equation}
+
+\leavevmode\cite{Venter97}
+constructed highly accurate response surface
+approximations for both the $x$-directional stress distribution on the top
+surface of the thin section of the plate and for the buckling load of the
+plate, using a total of 752 finite element analyses.
+Numerical experiments in the form of finite element analyses were conducted
+using MSC$\backslash$NASTRAN Version 68.
+A cross-section of the plate was used to model the stress distribution near
+the re-entrant corner, using four-node, isoparametric, plane strain elements.
+All of these models had a uniform mesh, with roughly 1,800 elements in the
+$x$-direction and 9 elements in the $z$-direction, but the number of elements
+varied slightly from model to model.
+A schematic representation of the finite element model used is shown in
+Fig.~\ref{fig:5}.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\vspace{5cm}
+\caption{Finite element model used for stress distribution about the
+re-entrant corner}
+\label{fig:5}
+\end{figure}
+
+For the buckling load response surface approximations, four-node,
+isoparametric, plate bending elements were used to construct a two-dimensional
+finite element model similar to a plan view of Fig.~\ref{fig:3}.
+Twenty elements were used in each of the $x$- and $y$-directions respectively.
+The eccentricity of the mid-plane was found to have an insignificant impact on
+the buckling load value (note that the sides of the plate are free) and was
+ignored in the analysis.
+
+The stress distribution response surface approximation
+\citep[see][]{Venter97}
+%(see
+%\cite{Venter97})
+may be written in functional form as
+\begin{equation}
+\tilde{\sigma}_x=\tilde{\sigma}_x\left(\lambda,\beta,\gamma,
+\tilde{r}^{\zeta-1}\right)\, ,
+\label{eq22}
+\end{equation}
+where $\zeta$ is a constant that describes the radial stress distribution near
+the re-entrant corner and depends on $\lambda$, $\gamma$ and $a/t_0$ through
+the angle $\Theta$.
+Additionally, $\tilde{r}$ is the nondimensional distance measured from the
+re-entrant corner, defined as:
+\begin{equation}
+\tilde{r}=r/t_0\, .
+\label{eq23}
+\end{equation}
+Additionally, two response surface approximations, corresponding to the local
+and global buckling modes were constructed, which may be written in functional
+form as:
+\begin{equation}
+\tilde{N}_{{\rm loc}}=\tilde{N}_{{\rm loc}}(\lambda,\beta,\gamma)\, ,
+\quad
+\tilde{N}_{{\rm glob}}=\tilde{N}_{{\rm glob}}(\lambda,\beta,\gamma)\, .
+\label{eq24}
+\end{equation}
+
+The design space used for constructing the stress distribution and buckling
+load response surface approximations is summarized in Table~\ref{tab:1}.
+The upper limit on $\tilde{r}$ limits the radius of the yield zone about the
+re-entrant corner to be no greater than 80\% of the thickness of the thin
+section of the plate, while the upper bound on $\gamma$ is dictated by the
+geometry of the transition region.
+
+\begin{table}[htbp]
+\caption{Design space for constructing the response surface approximation
+approximations\hsize=164pt}
+\label{tab:1}
+\tabcolsep=10pt
+\begin{tabular}{@{}ll@{}}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+Response variable & Range \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+$\lambda$ & $0.2\leq \alpha\leq 1.0$ \\
+$\beta$ & $-0.475\leq \beta\leq 0.475$ \\
+$\gamma$ & $0\leq \gamma\leq 0.475-\beta$ \\
+$\tilde{r}^{\zeta-1}$ & $0\leq \tilde{r}\leq 0.8\alpha$ \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+The stress distribution response surface approximation was constructed from
+288 plate configurations (corresponding to 288 finite element analyses).
+Each plate configuration included a number of data points with different
+$\tilde{r}^{\zeta-1}$ values (corresponding to different finite elements),
+yielding a total of 2,124 data points.
+The buckling load response surface approximations were constructed from an
+additional 288 finite element analyses.
+Using the geometric criterion of (\ref{eq21}), these 288 finite element
+analyses were divided into two groups corresponding to the two buckling modes.
+This process identified 126 data points for constructing the local buckling
+load approximation and 162 data points for constructing the global buckling
+load approximation.
+A quartic polynomial was used as initial response surface approximation for
+both the stress distribution and the global buckling load response surface
+approximations, while a cubic polynomial was used for the local buckling load
+response surface approximation.
+These initial response surface approximations were reduced, using the mixed
+stepwise regression procedure and the $Cp$ statistic.
+The process of constructing the response surface approximations is discussed
+in more detail by \cite{Venter97}.
+The predictive capabilities of the reduced response surface approximations are
+summarized in Table~\ref{tab:2}.
+
+\begin{table}[htbp]
+\caption{Predictive capabilities of stress distribution and buckling load
+response surface approximations\hsize=178pt}
+\label{tab:2}
+\tabcolsep5pt
+\begin{tabular}{@{}lcccc@{}}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+{Model} & ${\mathbf{R^2}}$ & {Adj-}$\mathbf{R^2}$ &{RMSE}&{PRESS}\\
+&&&{[\%]}&{[\%]} \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+{Stress} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{{4-th order model (2,124 data
+ points)}} \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+Reduced\\
+43 terms& 0.9983 & 0.9982 & 3.2964 & 3.3886 \\
+{Local}\\
+{buckling}&\multicolumn{4}{c}{{3-rd order model (126 data points)}} \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+Reduced\\
+19 terms& 0.9999 & 0.9998 & 0.5550 & 0.6920 \\
+{Global}\\
+ {buckling}& \multicolumn{4}{c}{{4-th order model (162 data points)}} \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+Reduced\\
+ 25 terms& 0.9910 & 0.9895 & 2.4888
+ & 3.0202 \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Design problem formulation}
+\label{sec05}
+
+The design problem has two objectives.
+The first objective is to maximize a safety measure of the plate for a given
+weight.
+The results obtained from a traditional deterministic approach, using a factor
+of safety to account for the uncertainty, were compared to those obtained from
+a fuzzy set based approach.
+The safety measure of the plate was maximized, by maximizing the factor of
+safety for the deterministic approach and by minimizing the possibility of
+failure for the fuzzy set based approach.
+Note that there exist fundamental differences between the deterministic and
+fuzzy set based approaches for maximizing the safety measure of the plate for
+a given weight.
+The deterministic approach tends to equalize the failure load of each failure
+criterion, while the fuzzy set based design tends to equalize the possibility
+of failure of each failure criterion.
+
+The second objective is to study the dependence of the weight of the final
+design on the level of uncertainty associated with the design variables
+$\lambda$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$.
+In this case, the weight was minimized for a specified allowable possibility
+of failure and different levels of uncertainty associated with the design
+variables.
+The results are presented in the form of a design chart.
+Different levels of uncertainty for the design variables were considered,
+since these geometric variables have the largest influence on the
+manufacturing cost of the plate.
+If the tolerances of these variables can be relaxed without a large penalty
+in terms of weight, substantial cost savings can be achieved in manufacturing
+the plate.
+The problem parameters and associated levels of uncertainty used are
+summarized in Table~\ref{tab:3}.
+Although Table~\ref{tab:3} has a total of 11 uncertain problem parameters,
+only 8 uncertain parameters are associated with each of the two failure
+criteria [see (\ref{eq16}), (\ref{eq22}) and (\ref{eq24})].
+
+\begin{table}[htbp]
+{\hsize=156pt
+\caption{Problem parameters and associated uncertainty}}
+\label{tab:3}
+\tabcolsep5pt
+\begin{tabular}{@{}lcc@{}}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+Variable & \begin{tabular}{c}Nominal \\ values \end{tabular} &
+ \begin{tabular}{c}Level of \\ uncertainty, $\mathbf{u}$ \end{tabular} \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+$\lambda^{\dagger}$ & [0.2 -- 1.0] & [$\pm$ 2 -- $\pm$ 20]\% \\
+$\beta^{\dagger}$ & [-0.4 -- 0.4] & [$\pm$ 2 -- $\pm$ 20]\% \\
+$\gamma^{\dagger}$ & [0 -- 0.8] & [$\pm$ 2 -- $\pm$ 20]\% \\
+$a$ & 228.6~cm & $\pm$5\% \\
+$b$ & 127.0~cm & $\pm$5\% \\
+$t_0$ & 7.620~cm & $\pm$5\% \\
+$E$ & 206.84~GPa & $\pm$5\% \\
+$\nu$ & 0.29 & $\pm$5\% \\
+$\sigma_y$ & 197.26~MPa & $\pm$10\% \\
+$r$ & $5\alpha t_0$ & $\pm$10\% \\
+$P$ & 3,224.96~kN & $\pm$10\% \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+
+\noindent
+{\footnotesize $^{\dagger}$ Design variables}
+\end{table}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\subsection{Deterministic design}
+\label{sec05.01}
+
+The objective of the deterministic design is to maximize the factor of safety
+for a given weight.
+However, since it is difficult to specify a meaningful weight, it was decided
+to minimize the weight for a given factor of safety.
+The resulting minimum weight was then used as the given weight for the fuzzy
+set based design.
+A factor of safety of 1.5 was assumed and the level of uncertainty associated
+with the design variables was considered to be constant, equal to $\pm$5\%.
+The nondimensional cross-sectional area of the plate $\tilde{A}$ was used as
+a representative value of the weight and the resulting optimization problem
+may be written as\\[6pt]
+minimize:
+\[
+\tilde{A}=\frac{A}{\lambda t_0}=\frac12 (1+2\beta+\gamma)+\frac{\lambda}{2}
+(1-2\beta-\gamma)\, ,
+\]
+subject to
+\begin{gather}
+\frac{\beta}{0.4}+1\geq 0\, ,\quad
+1-\frac{\beta}{0.4}\geq 0\, ,\quad
+\gamma\geq 0\, ,\notag\\
+1-\frac{\gamma+\beta}{0.4}\geq 0\, ,\quad
+\frac{P_f}{P}-1.5\geq0\, .
+\label{eq25}
+\end{gather}
+The constraints involving $\beta$ and $\gamma$ are geometric constraints and
+$P_f$ is calculated from (\ref{eq16}), using the nominal values of the design
+variables.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\subsection{Fuzzy set based design}
+\label{sec05.02}
+
+The fuzzy set based design problem minimizes the possibility of failure, using
+the optimum nondimensional cross-sectional area obtained from (\ref{eq25}) as
+an upper limit of the weight.
+The resulting optimization problem may be written as\\[6pt]
+Minimize:
+\[
+\Pi_{(\p-\p_f)}=\Pi_{(\p-\p_f)}({\vec{\lambda}}, {\vec{\beta}}, {\vec{\gamma}} )\, ,
+\]
+subject to
+\begin{gather}
+\frac{\beta}{0.4}+1\geq 0\, ,\quad
+1-\frac{\beta}{0.4}\geq 0\, ,\quad
+\gamma\geq 0\, ,\notag\\
+1-\frac{\gamma+\beta}{0.4}\geq 0\, ,\quad
+\frac{\tilde{A}(\lambda,\beta,\gamma)}{\tilde{A}^*}-1=0\, .
+\label{eq26}
+\end{gather}
+where bold face Greek symbols denote fuzzy numbers while regular font symbols
+denote nominal values.
+Additionally,\linebreak[4]$\Pi_{(\p-\p_f)}$ denotes the possibility of
+failure and
+$\tilde{A}^*$ denotes the optimum nondimensional cross-sectional area
+obtained from the deterministic design of (\ref{eq25}).
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\subsection{Implementation of the fuzzy set based design}
+\label{sec05.03}
+
+In the present work response approximations form an integral part of the fuzzy
+set based design and two levels of response surface approximations are
+employed during the different stages of the design process.
+On the first level, the stress distribution and buckling load response
+surface approximations (Section~\ref{sec04}) are used to replace
+computationally expensive finite element analysis in evaluating the
+possibility of failure.
+The possibility of failure is calculated from (\ref{eq16}), using the vertex
+method.
+When considering all of the problem parameters as uncertain, the evaluation of
+the possibility of failure for a single $\alpha$ level cut value requires
+$2\times 2^8=512$ (recall that each failure criterion has a total of 8
+uncertain problem parameters) finite element analyses when no response surface
+approximations are used.
+In terms of a single optimization, an estimate of the required number of
+finite element analyses required when not using response surface
+approximations, is obtained from the product of four numbers as follows:
+
+\bigskip\noindent
+\begin{tabular}{@{}lc@{}}
+\tabcolsep5pt
+Average number of design & \\
+optimization iterations: & 5 \\
+\\
+Average number of $\Pi_{(\p-\p_f)}$ & \\
+evaluations per iteration: & 6 \\
+\\
+Average number of $\alpha$ level cut & \\
+evaluations per $\Pi_{(\p-\p_f)}$ evaluation: & 5 \\
+\\
+Number of finite element analyses & \\
+per $\alpha$ level cut evaluation of $\Pi_{(\p-\p_f)}$: & 512 \\
+\cline{2-2}
+\\
+Total number of finite element analyses & \\
+required per optimization: & 76,800
+\end{tabular}
+
+\bigskip
+In contrast, the stress distribution and buckling load response surface
+approximations were constructed from a total of only 752 finite element
+analyses.
+Additionally, these response surface approximations can be used in multiple
+optimizations without the need of performing additional finite element
+analyses.
+
+On the second level, a response surface approximation of the possibility of
+failure as a function of the nominal values of the design variables and the
+level of uncertainty associated with these variables was constructed.
+This second level approximation was constructed to simplify the integration of
+the analysis code with the optimization algorithm as well as to eliminate
+noise in the response function, thus allowing the use of a derivative based
+optimization algorithm.
+In the present paper, the generalized reduced gradient algorithm provided
+with Microsoft Excel Version 7.0 was used.
+
+The $\lambda$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$ design space of Table~\ref{tab:1} was used
+to construct the possibility of failure response surface approximation, with
+numerical experiments conducted at an evenly spaced grid consisting of 11 data
+points in each of the $\lambda$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$ directions.
+Additionally, seven levels of uncertainty evenly spaced between $\pm$2\% and
+$\pm$20\% were considered, yielding a total of 2,629 data points in the design
+space.
+At each data point the possibility of failure according to each of the two
+failure criteria was evaluated.
+Two response surface approximations (one for each failure mode) were
+constructed using all of the data points with possibility of failure not
+equal to either 0 or 1.
+This process resulted in 499 data points for constructing the yield stress
+failure criterion response surface approximation and 573 data points for the
+buckling load constraint failure criterion response surface approximation.
+The resulting predicted possibility of failure is then obtained from
+\begin{equation}
+\hat{\Pi}_{(\p_-\p_f)}=\min\left(\hat{\Pi}_{{\rm Yield Stress}},
+\hat{\Pi}_{{\rm Buckling}} \right)\, .\label{eq27}
+\end{equation}
+
+It was found that a general fourth-order polynomial (70 parameters) gave
+accurate approximations for both failure modes.
+These general response surface approximations were reduced using the mixed
+stepwise regression procedure and the $Cp$ statistic, with the predictive
+capabilities of the response surface approximations summarized in
+Table~\ref{tab:4}.
+
+\begin{table}[htbp]
+\caption{Predictive capabilities of the possibility of failure
+response surface approximations\hsize=197pt}
+\label{tab:4}
+\tabcolsep5pt
+\begin{tabular}{@{}lcccc@{}}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+{Model} & $\mathbf{R^2}$ &{Adj-}$\mathbf{R^2}$ &
+ \begin{tabular}{c} {RMSE} \\ {[\%]} \end{tabular} &
+ \begin{tabular}{c} {PRESS} \\ {[\%]} \end{tabular} \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+{Stress} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{{4-th order model (499 data
+ points)}} \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+Full\\
+ 70 terms& 0.9988 & 0.9986 & 2.2525
+ & 2.6205 \\
+Reduced\\
+ 59 terms& 0.9988 & 0.9986 & 2.2371
+ & 2.5205 \\
+{Buckling} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{{4-th order model
+ (573 data points)}} \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+Full\\
+70 terms& 0.9982 & 0.9980 & 2.7342
+ & 3.0991 \\
+Reduced\\
+57 terms& 0.9982 & 0.9980 & 2.7118
+ & 3.0211 \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Dependence of the weight on the level of uncertainty}
+\label{sec05.04}
+
+In order to study the dependence of the weight of the plate on the level of
+uncertainty associated with the design variables, different levels of
+uncertainty between $\pm$2\% and $\pm$20\% were considered.
+For each of these levels, the nondimensional cross-sectional area of the
+plate was minimized for an allowable possibility of failure.
+The allowable possibility of failure (allowable was assumed to be equal to the
+optimum value obtained from the fuzzy set based design problem of
+(\ref{eq26}).
+The resulting optimization problem may be written as\\[6pt]
+minimize:
+\[
+\tilde{A}=\frac{A}{\lambda t_0}=\frac12 (1+2\beta+\gamma)+\frac{\lambda}{2}
+(1-2\beta-\gamma)\, ,
+\]
+subject to
+\begin{gather}
+\frac{\beta}{0.4}+1\geq 0\, ,\quad
+1-\frac{\beta}{0.4}\geq 0\, ,\quad
+\gamma\geq 0\, ,\notag\\
+1-\frac{\gamma+\beta}{0.4}\geq 0\, ,\quad
+\frac{\hat{\Pi}_{(\p-\p_f)}(\lambda,\beta,\gamma,u)}{\Pi_{{\rm allowable}}}
+-1\geq0\, , \label{eq28}
+\end{gather}
+where $u$ denotes the level of uncertainty associated with the design
+variables and $\hat{\Pi}_{(\p-\p_f)}$ denotes the predicted possibility of
+failure, obtained from (\ref{eq27}).
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Results}
+\label{sec06}
+
+In order to obtain an upper limit of the weight for the fuzzy set based
+design, the deterministic design was evaluated first.
+The nondimensional cross-sectional area of the plate was minimized for a
+factor of safety equal to 1.5, making use of the formulation of (\ref{eq25}).
+The corresponding optimum design is summarized in Table~\ref{tab:5},
+where the values in parentheses are the possibility of failure values obtained
+from the reduced possibility of failure response surface approximations.
+
+\begin{table}[htbp]
+\caption{Deterministic optimum (uncertainty of the design variables equal
+to $\pm$5\%)\hsize=109pt}
+\tabcolsep5pt
+\label{tab:5}
+\begin{tabular}{@{}lc@{}}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+Variable & Value \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+$\lambda$ & 0.6287 \\
+$\beta$ & -0.4000 \\
+$\gamma$ & 0.0447 \\
+$\tilde{A}^*$ & 0.6741 \\
+Factor of safety & 1.5 \\
+$\Pi_{{\rm Yield stress}}$ & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.0977 \\ (0.1181)\end{tabular}\\
+$\Pi_{{\rm Buckling}}$ & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.3411 \\ (0.3331)\end{tabular}\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+For the deterministic optimum design, both failure criteria are active.
+The optimum design corresponds to a plate with a change in thickness that
+starts at the minimum allowable distance from the left endpoint of the plate
+(see Fig.~\ref{fig:4}) with a very short transition zone (small $\gamma$
+value).
+Even though both failure criteria are active for the optimum design, a large
+difference exists between the possibility of failure for the two failure
+criteria, with the buckling load constraint being critical.
+Both the possibility of failure values obtained from the vertex method and
+the values obtained from the reduced possibility of failure response surface
+approximation are shown.
+The accuracy of the reduced possibility of failure response surface
+approximation is demonstrated since the difference between the critical
+predicted and calculated possibility of failure values at the optimum design
+is only 2.3\%.
+
+The equivalent fuzzy set based design, using the $\tilde{A}^*$ value
+of Table~\ref{tab:5} as an upper limit of the weight are summarized in
+Table~\ref{tab:6}.
+Again, the values in parentheses are the possibility of failure values
+obtained from the reduced possibility of failure response surface
+approximations.
+The fuzzy set based optimum design corresponds to a plate where the change in
+thickness starts at the minimum allowable distance from the left endpoint of
+the plate with no transition zone ($\gamma$ value equal to 0).
+The fuzzy set based design eliminates the weight of the ramp and uses it to
+thicken the thin section of the plate.
+The result is an increase in the stress concentration and an improvement in
+the buckling load of the plate.
+The fuzzy set based design thus attempts to equalize the possibility of
+failure of the two failure criteria by making the yield stress failure
+criterion more critical and the buckling load constraint less critical.
+However, for the present example problem, the design variable limits kept
+the possibility of failure values from becoming equal at the optimum design.
+
+\begin{table}[htbp]
+\caption{Fuzzy optimum (uncertainty of the design variables equal
+to $\pm$5\%)\hsize=109pt}
+\label{tab:6}
+\tabcolsep5pt
+\begin{tabular}{@{}lc@{}}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+Variable & Value \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+$\lambda$ & 0.6379 \\
+$\beta$ & -0.4000 \\
+$\gamma$ & 0.0000 \\
+$\tilde{A}^*$ & 0.6741 \\
+Factor of safety & 1.4898 \\
+$\Pi_{{\rm Yield stress}}$ & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.1319 \\ (0.1262)\end{tabular}\\
+$\Pi_{{\rm Buckling}}$ & \begin{tabular}{c} 0.2788 \\ (0.2721)\end{tabular}\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+For the fuzzy set based design, the factor of safety is not much different
+from that of the deterministic design (only 0.7\% lower), however, there is a
+large difference in the possibility of failure between the two designs.
+The possibility of failure for the fuzzy set based design is 22.3\% lower than
+that of the deterministic design.
+As before, both the predicted and calculated possibility of failure values
+are shown in Table~\ref{tab:6}, with the difference between the critical
+values equal to only 2.4\%.
+
+The possibility distributions of failure for each failure mode of the optimum
+designs obtained from the two methods are shown graphically in
+Fig.~\ref{fig:6}.
+The possibility distributions of Fig.~\ref{fig:6} clearly illustrate the
+differences in the way each method maximizes the safety measure for a given
+weight as discussed in Section~\ref{sec05}.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\vspace{5cm}
+\caption{Possibility distributions of failure for the deterministic and fuzzy
+set based optimum designs}
+\label{fig:6}
+\end{figure}
+
+An important tool for determining the tolerances to which a structure will be
+manufactured, is to know the dependence of the weight on the uncertainty
+associated with the geometry of the structure.
+The dependence of the weight of the structure on the level of uncertainty
+associated with the design variables was thus also studied.
+For this study, the possibility of failure was kept constant at the optimum
+value obtained from the fuzzy set based design (i.e., 0.2788 as summarized in
+Table~\ref{tab:6}), while the level of uncertainty associated with the design
+variables $\lambda$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$ was varied between $\pm$2\% and
+$\pm$20\%.
+Seven levels of uncertainty, evenly distributed between $\pm$2\% and
+$\pm$20\%, were considered.
+For each of these levels, the reduced possibility of failure response surface
+approximations and the Microsoft Excel solver was used to minimize the
+nondimensional cross-sectional area for the specified possibility of failure.
+As expected, the nondimensional cross-sectional area of the plate increased
+with an increase in the level of uncertainty and the results are shown
+graphically in Fig.~\ref{fig:7}.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\vspace{5cm}
+\caption{Nondimensional cross-sectional area associated with different level
+of uncertainty in the design variables}
+\label{fig:7}
+\end{figure}
+
+Figure~\ref{fig:7} indicates that the increase in weight is almost linearly
+proportional to the increase in the uncertainty associated with the design
+variables.
+The nondimensional cross-sectional area increased by 10.7\% with an 18\%
+increase in the uncertainty associated with the design variables.
+Using Fig.~\ref{fig:7} and the dependence of the manufacturing cost on the
+tolerance of $\lambda$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$, the designer may determine what
+tolerance to use in manufacturing the plate.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Concluding remarks}
+\label{sec07}
+
+It is shown that response surface approximations provide an effective
+approach for reducing the computational cost associated with performing a
+fuzzy set based design for uncertainty.
+The large number of computationally expensive finite element analyses required
+to perform the fuzzy set based design is replaced by response surface
+approximations that are inexpensive to evaluate.
+By using response surface approximations, the computational burden shifts
+from the optimization problem to the problem of constructing the response
+surface approximations.
+Due to the iterative nature of the design process, the fact that response
+surface approximations allow multiple optimizations at minimal cost should be
+an attractive feature to any designer.
+The present paper also made use of response surface approximations to simplify
+the integration of the analysis code and the optimization algorithm.
+
+It was shown that for the same upper limit of the weight, the fuzzy set based
+design resulted in an optimum design with a possibility of failure 22.3\%
+lower than the corresponding deterministic design.
+Additionally, the factor of safety of the fuzzy set based design is only 0.7\%
+smaller than that of the deterministic design and for this example problem the
+fuzzy set based design is thus clearly superior.
+Finally, the dependence of the structural weight on the uncertainty of some
+key geometric parameters is presented in the form of a design chart and may be
+used, together with the manufacturing cost, to determine the tolerances that
+when manufacturing the plate.
+This design chart would have been very time consuming to construct if response
+surface approximations were not used to reduce the computational cost.
+
+\begin{acknowledgement}
+This work was supported by NASA grants NAG1-1669 and NAG1-2000.
+\end{acknowledgement}
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
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+\end{thebibliography}
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/natbib.dtx b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/natbib.dtx
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@@ -0,0 +1,3221 @@
+% \iffalse THIS IS A META-COMMENT
+%<*dtx>
+\ProvidesFile
+%========================================================================
+ {NATBIB.DTX}
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+% This is a LaTeX package to modify \cite and \thebibliography for author-year
+% systems of bibliographic citation; will also work with
+% numerical systems, allowing simplified style changes for them too.
+% Installation:
+% LaTeX this file: creates docstrip installation file natbib.ins
+% AND the (LaTeX2e) documentation
+% (La)TeX natbib.ins: creates package file natbib.sty
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+% and doc driver natbib.drv
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+%<*!subpack>
+%<package&209>\def\ProvidesPackage#1#2]
+%<package&209> {\typeout{Style option `#1'#2]}}
+%
+% *** Identify the package file:-
+%<package&!209>\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1994/06/01]
+%<package>\ProvidesPackage{natbib}
+%</!subpack>
+%
+% *** Provide command to dislay module version
+%<package&subpack>\def\ModuleVersion#1[#2]{}
+%<package&subpack> \ModuleVersion{natbib}
+%
+% *** Identify the driver file:-
+%<driver>\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+%<driver>\ProvidesFile{natbib.drv}
+%
+% *** The DATE, VERSION, and other INFO
+%\fi
+%\ProvidesFile{natbib}
+ [1997/02/05 6.5 (PWD)]
+%\iffalse
+%<*package>
+%<*!subpack>
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% NOTICE:
+%% This file may be used for non-profit purposes.
+%% It may not be distributed in exchange for money,
+%% other than distribution costs.
+%%
+%% The author provides it `as is' and does not guarantee it in any way.
+%%
+%</!subpack>
+%</package>
+%% Natbib coding copyright (C) 1994--1997 Patrick W. Daly
+%<*package>
+%<*!subpack>
+%% Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Aeronomie
+%% Postfach 20
+%% D-37189 Katlenburg-Lindau
+%% Germany
+%%
+%% E-mail:
+%% Internet-- daly@linmpi.dnet.gwdg.de
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------
+%</!subpack>
+%</package>
+% END META-COMMENT \fi
+% \changes{4.0}{1993 Aug 19}{First documented release}
+% \changes{4.1}{1993 Oct 4}{Simplification of \cs{@citeapalk}}
+% \changes{4.1a}{1993 Oct 14}{Add \texttt{rev} option for reversed comments
+% in \cs{cite}}
+% \changes{4.1b}{1993 Oct 18}{Add \cs{bibfont} to list definition =\cs{relax}}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Add coding for AGU, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Nov 20}{Add more coding for AGU}
+% \changes{4.3a}{1994 Feb 24}{First additions for \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Revised for \LaTeXe{} and 2.09}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Remove obsolete JGR, GRL coding}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add \cs{citeauthor}, \cs{citeyear}}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Two optional texts for \cs{cite} so \texttt{rev}
+% option obsolete}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{\LaTeXe\ options to select punctuation}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Conform to first official release of \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Separate \LaTeX\ and 2.09 files}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Put doc driver first}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Fix up 2.09 style to run in compatibility mode}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{\cs{citeauthor}, \cs{citeyear} make BibTeX
+% entry in aux file}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{\cs{@citex} defined as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Local config file \texttt{natbib.cfg} read in}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add \cs{citefullauthor}, options \texttt{angle},
+% \texttt{curly}}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Add star version of \cs{cite} for full authors}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 26}{Fix accents in citations with proper definition
+% of \cs{protect}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add space in \cs{@citex} for text cites}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Replace \cs{if@tempswa} by \cs{ifNAT@swa}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add superscript citation type to \cs{bibpunct}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add \cs{@citesuper}, fix up bugs in superscripts}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Define \cs{@citexnum} as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 03}{Add \cs{citestyle} same as \cs{bibstyle}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 08}{For repeated years and authors, print just letter}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add \cs{bibhang} and command space in
+% \cs{@cite}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 16}{Add \cs{citealt} for citation with no
+% parentheses}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Reorganize internal commands, using \cs{NAT@}
+% prefixes}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Punctuation selection commands \cs{bibpunct},
+% \cs{citestyle} are now preamble only, whereas previously they had to
+% come after the preamble}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Change names of punctuation commands to
+% \cs{NAT@...}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Allow numerical styles with author-year
+% \texttt{bst} files}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add automatic indexing of citations}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 29}{Accommodate \texttt{index} package}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Fixed for \LaTeXe\ \texttt{1995/12/01}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Make more robust against changes to internals}
+% \changes{6.1a}{1995 Dec 19}{Fix test for changed citations}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 10}{Replace all \cs{uppercase}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 11}{Add \cs{citet}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Feb 2}{Fix superscript size}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Mar 05}{Add length \cs{bibsep} for linespacing between
+% references}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Apr 15}{Fix clash with \texttt{amsart} and
+% \texttt{amsbook}}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 10}{Allow \texttt{showkeys} to be loaded first}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 17}{Fix punctuation for \texttt{plainnat}}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 17}{Suppress extra labels with numericals}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 18}{Provide \cs{bibname} and \cs{refname}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 27}{Change \texttt{nlinproc} option to \texttt{egs}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Make compatible with \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Fix spacing for superscripts}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Extra letter printed with \cs{citeyear}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 13}{Add compression and sorting of numerical citations}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Make compatible with \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1996 Dec 11}{KOMA script compatibility}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 10}{For EGS, no blank line between references}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Recode notes so they work with \cs{citet} and
+% \cs{citep}; change documentation to stress these commands over \cs{cite}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Feb 5}{Fix KOMA script properly}
+%
+% \CheckSum{1706}
+% \CharacterTable
+% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*install>
+%^^A =============================================
+%^^A Here is the docstrip installation file
+%^^A It is written on first LaTeX run
+%^^A =============================================
+\begin{filecontents}{natbib.ins}
+% Simply TeX or LaTeX this file to extract various files from
+% the source file `natbib.dtx'
+% Comment out the \generateFile lines for any files you do not want.
+
+\def\batchfile{natbib.ins}
+\input docstrip
+
+\preamble
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+<<<<< End of decommented file <<<<<<
+\endpostamble
+\keepsilent
+
+\generateFile{natbib.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the LaTeX 2.09 version of the package.
+It will not be maintained forever.
+Please upgrade to LaTeX2e so that you may use the proper package.
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+
+% Activate the next line to get a version for running under LaTeX 2.09
+%\generateFile{natbib209.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all,209}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the driver file to produce the LaTeX documentation from the
+source file \inFileName.
+Make changes to it as needed. (Never change the \inFileName file!)
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+
+End of documentation driver file.
+\endpostamble
+
+% Activate the next line for a documentation driver
+% that you can configure yourself.
+%\generateFile{natbib.drv}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{driver}}
+
+\obeyspaces
+\Msg{*******************************************}%
+\Msg{* For documentation, process natbib.dtx *}%
+\Msg{* or the driver file natbib.drv *}%
+\Msg{* (LaTeX2e only!) *}%
+\Msg{*******************************************}
+\end{filecontents}
+%</install>
+%<*driver>
+\documentclass{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[twoside]{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[a4paper]{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[twoside,a4paper]{ltxdoc}
+\raggedbottom
+
+ %** To include the detailed explanation of the coding, comment out
+ %** the next line
+\OnlyDescription
+
+ %** To produce a command index: add the following line for one run,
+ %** then run makeindex -s gind.ist natbib
+ %** and reprocess, with or without this line (much faster without)
+%<driver>% \EnableCrossrefs\CodelineIndex
+
+ %** To produce a change history: add the following line for one run,
+ %** then run makeindex -s gglo.ist -o natbib.gls natbib.glo
+ %** and reprocess, with or without this line (faster without)
+%<driver>% \RecordChanges
+
+\DisableCrossrefs %May stay; zapped by \EnableCrossrefs
+\CodelineNumbered %May stay
+
+\begin{document}
+ \DocInput{natbib.dtx}
+\end{document}
+%</driver>
+%\fi
+%
+% \DoNotIndex{\begin,\CodelineIndex,\CodelineNumbered,\def,\DisableCrossrefs}
+% \DoNotIndex{\DocInput,\documentclass,\EnableCrossrefs,\end,\GetFileInfo}
+% \DoNotIndex{\NeedsTeXFormat,\OnlyDescription,\RecordChanges,\usepackage}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ProvidesClass,\ProvidesPackage,\ProvidesFile,\RequirePackage}
+% \DoNotIndex{\LoadClass,\PassOptionsToClass,\PassOptionsToPackage}
+% \DoNotIndex{\DeclareOption,\CurrentOption,\ProcessOptions,\ExecuteOptions}
+% \DoNotIndex{\AtEndOfClass,\AtEndOfPackage,\AtBeginDocument,\AtEndDocument}
+% \DoNotIndex{\InputIfFileExists,\IfFileExists,\ClassError,\PackageError}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ClassWarning,\PackageWarning,\ClassWarningNoLine}
+% \DoNotIndex{\PackageWarningNoLine,\ClassInfo,\PackageInfo,\MessageBreak}
+% \DoNotIndex{\space,\protect,\DeclareRobustCommand,\CheckCommand}
+% \DoNotIndex{\newcommand,\renewcommand,\providecommand,\newenvironment}
+% \DoNotIndex{\renewenvironment,\newif,\newlength,\newcounter,\setlength}
+% \DoNotIndex{\setcounter,\if,\ifx,\ifcase,\ifnum,\ifdim,\else,\fi}
+% \DoNotIndex{\texttt,\textbf,\textrm,\textsl,\textsc,\reset@font}
+% \DoNotIndex{\textup,\textit,\textmd,\textsf,\emph,\futurelet}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ttfamily,\rmfamily,\sffamily,\mdseries,\bfseries,\upshape}
+% \DoNotIndex{\slshape,\scshape,\itshape,\em,\LaTeX,\LaTeXe}
+% \DoNotIndex{\filename,\fileversion,\filedate,\let,\makeindex}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@auxout,\@for,\@gobble,\@ifnextchar,\@m,\@mkboth,\@nil}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@noitemerr,\@tempa,\@tempswafalse,\@tempswatrue,\@warning}
+% \DoNotIndex{\advance,\arabic,\AtBeginDocument,\bf,\bibname,\chapter}
+% \DoNotIndex{\citation,\clubpenalty,\CodelineNumbered,\csname}
+% \DoNotIndex{\DisableCrossrefs,\do,\edef,\else,\endcsname,\endlist}
+% \DoNotIndex{\expandafter,\fi,\gdef,\global,\hbox,\hfill,\hskip,\hspace}
+% \DoNotIndex{\if,\if@filesw,\if@tempswa,\ifx,\immediate,\itemindent,\labelsep}
+% \DoNotIndex{\labelwidth,\lastskip,\leftmargin,\list,\mbox,\newblock}
+% \DoNotIndex{\newpage,\p@enumiv,\parindent,\penalty,\refname}
+% \DoNotIndex{\relax,\section,\settowidth,\sfcode,\sloppy,\small,\string}
+% \DoNotIndex{\theenumiv,\thepage,\unskip,\uppercase,\usecounter,\vskip}
+% \DoNotIndex{\widowpenalty,\write,\xdef,\z@,\catcode,\ifnum,\the}
+% \DoNotIndex{\.,\@empty,\@ifundefined,\@latex@warning,\@minus,\@plus,\ }
+% \DoNotIndex{\document,\@namedef,\@listi}
+% \DoNotIndex{\listparindent,\noexpand,\par,\parsep,\pb,\pbf,\pbfseries}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pc,\pd,\pem,\pit,\pitshape,\pmdseries,\prm,\prmfamily,\psc}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pscshape,\psf,\psffamily,\psl,\pslshape,\ptt,\pttfamily}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pupshape,\@iden,\@firstofone,\@unexpandable@protect}
+% \DoNotIndex{\&,\{,\},\bibitem,\bibindent,\if@draft,\typeout}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@ifclassloaded,\@ifstar,\@onlypreamble,\@preamblecmds}
+% \DoNotIndex{\addtolength,\endinput,\@bsphack,\begingroup,\@wrindex}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@listctr,\bibname,\enddocument,\hfil,\ignorespaces,\item}
+% \DoNotIndex{\NAT@temp,\refname,\stepcounter,\@ifpackageloaded}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@gobbletwo,\index,\itemsep,\markright,\scriptsize}
+% \DoNotIndex{\textsuperscript}
+%
+% \setcounter{IndexColumns}{2}
+% \setlength{\IndexMin}{10cm}
+% \setcounter{StandardModuleDepth}{1}
+%
+% \hyphenation{par-en-the-ti-cal}
+%
+% \GetFileInfo{natbib}
+%
+% \title{{\bfseries Natural Sciences Citations and References}\\
+% (Author--Year and Numerical Schemes)}
+%
+% \author{Patrick W. Daly}
+%
+% \date{This paper describes package \texttt{\filename}\\
+% version \fileversion{} from \filedate\\[1ex]
+%^^A \textsl{It is part of the \texttt{preprint} collection of packages}\\
+% \textbf{It is intended for \LaTeXe}
+% \\ (but does include a variant for \LaTeX~2.09)
+% }
+%
+% \maketitle
+%
+% \pagestyle{myheadings}
+% \markboth{P. W. Daly}{NATURAL SCIENCES CITATIONS AND REFERENCES}
+%
+% \newcommand{\btx}{\textsc{Bib}\TeX}
+% \newcommand{\thestyle}{\texttt{\filename}}
+%
+%^^A In order to keep all marginal notes on the one (left) side:
+%^^A (otherwise they switch sides disasterously with twoside option)
+% \makeatletter \@mparswitchfalse \makeatother
+%
+% \begin{abstract}
+% Journals in the natural sciences tend to use the author--year style of
+% literature citations, in contrast to the numerical style supported by
+% \LaTeX{} and \btx. A number of contributed packages exist to accommodate this
+% citation mode, but each one is tailored to a limited number of \btx\ style
+% (\texttt{.bst} files. The reason is that each one reads in the author--year
+% information in different formats for the |\bibitem| commands.
+% In contrast,
+% the \thestyle{} package supports not only the various author--year
+% bibliography styles, but also those for standard numerical citations. In
+% fact, it can also produce numerical citations even with an author--year
+% bibliographic style, something that permits easy switching between the
+% two citation modes. To this end, replacements for the standard
+% \LaTeX\ \texttt{.bst} files are also provided.
+%
+% It is possible to define the citation \emph{style} (type of brackets and
+% punctuation between citations) and even to associate it with the name of the
+% bibliographic style so that it is automatically activated. Citation styles
+% can be defined for local \texttt{.bst} files by means of a configuration file
+% \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}.
+%
+% It is compatible with the packages: \texttt{index}, \texttt{showkeys},
+% \texttt{chapterbib}, \texttt{hyperref},
+% and with the classes \texttt{amsbook} and
+% \texttt{amsart}. It can also emulate the sorting and compressing
+% functions of the \texttt{cite} package (with which it is otherwise
+% incompatible).
+%
+% The \thestyle\ package therefore acts as a single, flexible interface for
+% most of the available bibliographic styles.
+%
+% \end{abstract}
+%
+% \section{Introduction}
+% The first problem of using author--year literature citations with standard
+% \LaTeX{} is that the two forms of citations are not supported. These are:
+% \begin{quote}
+% textual: \dots\ as shown by Jones et al. (1990) \dots\\
+% parenthetical: It has been shown (Jones et al., 1990) that \dots
+% \end{quote}
+% There is only one |\cite| command to do both jobs.
+%
+% A second problem is that the \texttt{thebibliography} environment for
+% listing the references insists on including the {\em labels\/} in the
+% list. These labels are normally the numbers, needed for referencing. In
+% the author--year system, they are superfluous and should be left off.
+% Thus, if one were to make up a bibliography with the author--year as
+% label, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{verbatim}
+% \begin{thebibliography}{...}
+% \bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{jon90}
+% Jones, P. K., . . .
+% \end{thebibliography}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \end{quote}
+% then |\cite{jon90}| produces the parenthetical citation [Jones et al.,
+% 1990], but there is no way to get the textual citation. Furthermore,
+% the citation text will also be included in the list of references.
+%
+% The final problem is to find a \btx{} bibliography style that will be
+% suitable.
+%
+% \section{Previous Solutions}
+% \begin{quote}\slshape
+% This section may not be of interest to all users. To find out how to use
+% \thestyle\ without reading about the historical background, go to
+% Section~\ref{sec:usage}.
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% Although the author--year citation mode is not supported by
+% \emph{standard} \LaTeX, there are a number of contributed packages that
+% try to solve this problem. The various bibliographic styles
+% (\texttt{.bst} files) that exist are usually tailored to be used with a
+% particular \LaTeX{} package.
+%
+% I have found a large number of \texttt{.bst} files on file servers that may
+% act as indicators of the various systems available.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{natsci.bst} Style}
+% What gave me my first inspiration was Stephen Gildea's \texttt{natsci.bst}
+% for use with his \texttt{agujgr.sty} file. This showed me that the problem
+% was solvable. However, Gildea's style formats |\bibitem| just as I
+% illustrated above: with an optional label consisting of abbreviated
+% authors and year. Thus only parenthetical citations can be accommodated.
+% The list of references, however, is fixed up in his style files.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{apalike.bst} Style}
+% Oren Patashnik, the originator of \btx{} and the standard \texttt{.bst}
+% files, has also worked on an author--year style, called \texttt{apalike.bst}
+% with a corresponding \texttt{apalike.sty} to support it. Again, only the
+% parenthetical citation is provided. Except for the fact that his style
+% works with version~0.99 of \btx, its functionality is identical to that
+% of the \texttt{natsci} files.
+%
+% Patashnik does not like author--year citations. He makes this very clear
+% in his \btx{} manuals and in the header to \texttt{apalike.bst}.
+% Nevertheless, one should respect his work in this area, simply because he
+% should be the best expert on matters of \btx. Thus \texttt{apalike.bst}
+% could be the basis for other styles.
+%
+% The form of the \texttt{thebibliography} entries in this system is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% the same as I illustrated earlier. This is the most minimal form that can
+% be given. I name it the \texttt{apalike} variant, after Patashnik's
+% \texttt{apalike.bst} and \texttt{apalike.sty}. However, there could be many
+% independent \texttt{.bst} files that follow this line.
+%
+% The bibliography style files belonging to this group include:
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{apalike}, \texttt{apalike2}, \texttt{cea}, \texttt{cell},
+% \texttt{jmb}, \texttt{phapalik}, \texttt{phppcf}, \texttt{phrmp}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{newapa} Style}
+% A major improvement has been achieved with \texttt{newapa.bst} and the
+% accompanying \texttt{newapa.sty} files by Stephen N. Spencer and Young U.
+% Ryu. Under their system, three separate items of information are included
+% in the |\bibitem| label, to be used as required. These are: the full
+% author list, the abbreviated list, and the year. This is accomplished by
+% means of a |\citeauthoryear| command included in the label, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones, Barker,|\\
+% | and Williams}{Jones et al.}{1990}]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% Actually, this only illustrates the basic structure of |\citeauthoryear|;
+% the \texttt{newapa} files go even further to replace some words and
+% punctuation
+% with commands. For example, the word `and' above is really
+% |\betweenauthors|, something that must be defined in the \texttt{.sty} file.
+% Of course, |\citeauthoryear| is also defined in that file. A
+% number of different |\cite| commands are available to print out the
+% citation with complete author list, with the short list, with or without
+% the date, the textual or parenthetical form.
+%
+% Thus the |\citeauthoryear| entry in |\bibitem| is very flexible,
+% permitting the style file to generate every citation form that one might
+% want. It is used by a number of other styles, with corresponding
+% \texttt{.sty} files. They all appear to have been inspired by
+% \texttt{newapa.bst}, although they lack the extra punctuation commands.
+%
+% Bibliographic style files belonging to the \texttt{newapa} group include
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{newapa}, \texttt{chicago}, \texttt{chicagoa}, \texttt{jas99},
+% \texttt{named}
+% \end{quote}
+% Note: the last of these, \texttt{named.bst}, uses |\citeauthoryear| in a
+% slightly different manner, with only two arguments: the short list and
+% year.
+%
+% \subsection{The Harvard Family}
+% The same effect is achieved by a different approach in the Harvard family
+% of bibliographic styles. Here a substitute for |\bibitem| is used, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\harvarditem[Jones et al.]{Jones, Baker, and|\\
+% | Williams}{1990}{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% The accompanying interface package file is called \texttt{harvard.sty}
+% and is written by Peter Williams and Thorsten Schnier. It
+% defines |\harvarditem| as well as the citation commands |\cite|, for
+% parenthentical, and |\citeasnoun|, for textual citations. The first
+% citation uses the long author list, following ones the shorter list, if
+% it has been given in the optional argument to |\harvarditem|.
+%
+% Bibliography styles belonging to the Harvard family are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{agsm}, \texttt{dcu}, \texttt{kluwer}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This package has been updated for \LaTeXe, with many additions to
+% add flexibility. The result is a powerful interface that should meet most
+% citation needs. (It does not suppress repeated authors, though,
+% as \thestyle{} does.)
+%
+% \subsection{The Astronomy Style}
+% Apparently realizing the limitations of his \texttt{apalike} system, Oren
+% Patashnik went on to develop a `true' \texttt{apa} bibliographic style,
+% making use of the method already employed by an astronomy journal. This
+% is actually very similar to the \texttt{newapa} label but with only the
+% short list of authors:
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Jones et al.}{1990}]{jon90}|\\
+% | ...|
+% \end{quote}
+% It requires the package file \texttt{astron.sty}
+% or any other style that defines |\astroncite| appropriately.
+%
+% Bibliographic styles belonging to the astronomy group are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{apa}, \texttt{astron}, \texttt{bbs}, \texttt{cbe},
+% \texttt{humanbio}, \texttt{humannat}, \texttt{jtb}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This is as good as the |\citeauthoryear| command, although not as
+% flexible since the full list of authors is missing.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{authordate} Style}
+% Finally, I have also found some packages making use of a label command
+% called |\citename| in the form
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citename{Jones et al., }1990]{jon90}|\\
+% | ...|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This is not a good system since the author list and date are not cleanly
+% separated as individual arguments, and since the punctuation is included
+% in the label text. It is better to keep the punctuation fully removed, as
+% part of the definitions in the \texttt{.sty} file, for complete flexibility.
+%
+% Bibliographic styles belonging to this group are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{authordate1}, \texttt{authordate2}, \texttt{authordate3},
+% \texttt{authordate4}, \texttt{aaai-named}
+% \end{quote}
+% with accompanying style file \texttt{authordate1-4.sty}.
+%
+% \section{The \thestyle{} System}
+% The form of the |\bibitem| entry that I have used for all my
+% bibliographic styles is only slightly more complicated than the minimal
+% one, but allows a clean separation between authors and date:
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)]{jon90}...|\\[1ex]
+% or alternatively\\[1ex]
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)Jones, Baker, |\\
+% \hspace*{2em}|and Williams]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% (One weakness of the \thestyle{} format is that it fails if the author
+% list itself contains parentheses! This may be fixed up if the author list
+% is grouped in curly braces.)
+%
+% I wanted to name the system something like `natural sciences bibliography',
+% intending it to be a variant of \texttt{natsci.sty}. Since that name
+% was already taken, I resorted to the rather cryptic, and definitely ugly,
+% \thestyle.
+%
+% The \thestyle\texttt{.sty} package\footnote{Formerly called a \emph{style
+% file} in the older \LaTeX~2.09 terminology.}
+% supports not only my own |\bibitem| format, but
+% also all the others described here, plus numerical citation modes.
+% The additional questions of citation style (type of brackets, commas or
+% semi-colons between citations) can be defined once and for all for each
+% \texttt{.bst} file and need never be specified explicitly in the source text.
+% The use of |\cite| is the same for all citation styles, meaning that the
+% additional features that might be available in the `proper' \texttt{.sty}
+% file will be missing. (This could be changed later.) The result is a
+% single \LaTeX{} package to handle {\em all\/} the bibliographic
+% styles in a uniform manner.
+%
+% As of version 5.1 (1994 June 22), the source file contains coding for a
+% \LaTeXe{} package file (the new standard) as well as that for an older
+% \LaTeX~2.09 style option file. The latter is extracted with the
+% \texttt{docstrip} option \texttt{209}.
+%
+% \begin{quote}\slshape
+% \textbf{New to version 6.0}: (1995 Sep 29) \\
+% In previous versions, each \texttt{.bst} file was either numerical or
+% author--year only. Applying the wrong mode led to grotesque results, and
+% the mode could not always be selected automatically. With version~6.0,
+% all the author--year bibliographic style files can also be used for
+% \emph{numerical} citations, by simply selecting the mode in one of the
+% ways described in Sections~\ref{sec:bibpunct} and \ref{sec:opts}. It is
+% not possible to employ author-year citations with pure numerical
+% \texttt{.bst} files, and never will be.
+%
+% See Section~\ref{sec:6.0} for more information.
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \section{Using this Package}\label{sec:usage}
+%
+% In this paper, I distinguish between the citation \emph{mode} (author--year
+% or numerical) and citation \emph{style} (the type of punctuation used for
+% citations). The citation style is something that is independent of the
+% bibliography style and is not programmed in the \texttt{.bst} files.
+%
+% \subsection{Basic Citation Commands}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citet}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citep}
+% The \thestyle{} package has two basic citation commands, |\citet| and
+% |\citep| for \emph{textual} and \emph{parenthetical} citations, respectively.
+% There also exist the starred versions |\citet*| and |\citep*| that print
+% the full author list, and not just the abbreviated one.
+% All of these may take one or two optional arguments to add some text before
+% and after the citation.
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citet{jon90}| & Jones et al. (1990)\\
+% |\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| & Jones et al. (1990, chap.~2)\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citep{jon90}| & (Jones et al., 1990)\\
+% |\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| & (Jones et al., 1990, chap.~2)\\
+% |\citep[see][]{jon90}| & (see Jones et al., 1990)\\
+% |\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| & (see Jones et al., 1990, chap.~2)\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citet*{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams (1990)\\
+% |\citep*{jon90}| & (Jones, Baker, and Williams, 1990)
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+% The starred versions can only list the full authors if the \texttt{.bst}
+% file supports this feature; otherwise, the abbreviated list is printed.
+%
+% In standard \LaTeX, the |\cite| command can only take a single optional
+% text for a note after the citation; here, a single optional text is a
+% post-note, while two are the pre- and post-note. To have only a pre-note, it
+% is necessary to provide an empty post-note text, as shown above.
+%
+% Multiple citations may be made as usual, by including more than one
+% citation key in the |\cite| command argument. \textsl{If adjacent citations
+% have the same author designation but different years, then the author
+% names are not reprinted.}
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citet{jon90,jam91}| & Jones et al. (1990); James et al. (1991)\\
+% |\citep{jon90,jam91}| & (Jones et al., 1990; James et al. 1991)\\
+% |\citep{jon90,jon91}| & (Jones et al., 1990, 1991)\\
+% |\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| & (Jones et al., 1990a,b)
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% These examples are for author--year citation mode. In numerical mode, the
+% results are different.
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citet{jon90}| & Jones et al. [21]\\
+% |\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| & Jones et al. [21, chap.~2]\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citep{jon90}| & [21]\\
+% |\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| & [21, chap.~2]\\
+% |\citep[see][]{jon90}| & [see 21, 1990]\\
+% |\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| & [see 21, chap.~2]\\[0.5ex]
+% |\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| & [21, 32]
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+% The authors can only be listed if the \texttt{.bst} file supports
+% author--year citations. The standard \texttt{.bst} files, such as
+% \texttt{plain.bst} are numerical only and transfer no author--year
+% information to \LaTeX. In this case, |\citet| prints ``\textbf{(author?)}
+% [21].''
+%
+% {\slshape Do not use multiple citations with the |\citet| command in
+% numerical mode!}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\cite}
+% In the original versions of \thestyle, the traditional |\cite| command was
+% used for both textual and parenthetical citations. The presence of an empty
+% optional text in square brackets signaled parenthetical. This syntax has been
+% retained for compatibility, but is no longer encouraged.
+%
+% This means that |\cite| (without notes) is the same as |\citet| in
+% author--year mode, whereas in numerical mode, it is the same as |\citep|.
+% The starred version, as well as the one or two optional notes, may also be
+% used.
+%
+% \subsection{Extended Citation Commands}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citealt}
+% As an alternative form of citation, |\citealt| is the same as |\citet|
+% but \emph{without any parentheses}. Multiple references and the
+% starred variant also exist.
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citealt{jon90}| & Jones et al. 1990\\
+% |\citealt*{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams 1990\\
+% |\citealt{jon90,jam91}| & Jones et al. 1990; James et al. 1991
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeauthor}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeyear}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citefullauthor}
+% In author--year schemes, it is sometimes desirable to be able to refer to
+% the authors without the year, or vice versa. This is provided with three
+% extra commands
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+% |\citeauthor{jon90}| & Jones et al.\\
+% |\citefullauthor{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams\\
+% |\citeyear{jon90}| & 1990
+% \end{tabular}
+% \end{quote}
+% If the full author information is missing, then |\citefullauthor| is
+% the same as |\citeauthor|, printing only the abbreviated list.
+% This also applies to the starred versions of |\citet| and |\citep|.
+%
+% If the author or year information is missing (as is the case with the
+% standard \LaTeX{} \texttt{.bst} files), these commands issue a warning.
+%
+% As of version~6.0, these commands may also be used with numerical
+% citations, provided an author--year \texttt{.bst} file is being employed.
+%
+% The native \thestyle{} form of the |\bibitem| entry now
+% also supports the full author list.
+%
+% \textsl{Multiple citations are \emph{not} allowed with these commands.}
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation}\label{sec:bibpunct}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibpunct}
+% The above examples have been printed with the default citation style.
+% It is possible to change this, as well as to select numerical or
+% author--year mode, by means of the |\bibpunct| command, which takes
+% one optional and 6 mandatory arguments. The mandatory ones are:
+% \begin{enumerate}
+% \item the opening bracket symbol, default = (
+% \item the closing bracket symbol, default = )
+% \item the punctuation between multiple citations, default = ;
+% \item the letter `n' for numerical style, or `s' for numerical superscript
+% style, any other letter for
+% author--year, default = author--year; note, it is not necessary to
+% specify which author--year interface is being used, for all will be
+% recognized;
+% \item the punctuation that comes between the author names and the year
+% (parenthetical case only), default = ,
+% \item the punctuation that comes between years when common author lists
+% are suppressed (default = ,); if both authors and years are common,
+% the citation is printed as `1994a,b', but if a space is wanted between
+% the extra letters, then include the space in the argument, as |{,~}|.
+% \end{enumerate}
+%
+% The optional argument is the character preceding a post-note, default is a
+% comma.
+%
+% The |\bibpunct| command must be issued in the preamble, that is,
+% before |\begin{document}|. (\textbf{Note:} in versions 5.4 or earlier, this
+% declaration had to be given after the preamble!)
+%
+% Example~1, |\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{a}{}{;}| changes the output of
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\citep{jon90,jon91,jam92}|
+% \end{quote}
+% into [Jones et al. 1990; 1991, James et al. 1992].
+%
+% Example~2, |\bibpunct[;]{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{;}| changes the output of
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\citep[and references therein]{jon90}|
+% \end{quote}
+% into (Jones et al. 1990; and references therein).
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibstyle@xxx}
+% Usually the citation style is determined by the journal
+% for which one is writing, and is as much a part of the bibliography style
+% as everything else. The \thestyle{} package allows
+% punctuation definitions to be directly coupled to the
+% |\bibliographystyle| command that must always be present when \btx{} is
+% used. It is this command that selects the \texttt{.bst} file; by adding such
+% a coupling to \thestyle{} for every \texttt{.bst} file that one might
+% want to use, it is not necessary to add |\bibpunct| explicitly in the
+% document itself, unless of course one wishes to override the preset
+% values.
+%
+% Such a coupling is achieved by defining a command |\bibstyle@|{\em bst},
+% where {\em bst\/} stands for the name of the \texttt{.bst} file. For example,
+% the American Geophysical Union (AGU) demands in its publications that
+% citations be made with square brackets and separated by semi-colons. I
+% have an \texttt{agu.bst} file to accomplish most of the formatting, but such
+% punctuations are not included in it. Instead, \thestyle{} has the
+% definition
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\newcommand{\bibstyle@agu}{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,~}}|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% These style defining commands may contain more than just |\bibpunct|.
+% Some numerical citation scheme require even more changes. For example,
+% the journal \textsl{Nature} not only uses superscripted numbers for
+% citations, it also prints the numbers in the list of references without
+% the normal square brackets. To
+% accommodate this, \thestyle{} contains the style definition
+% \begin{quote}\begin{verbatim}
+% \newcommand{\bibstyle@nature}{\bibpunct{}{}{,}{s}{}{}%
+% \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \end{quote}
+% The redefined |\NAT@biblabelnum| command specifies how the reference numbers
+% are to be formatted in the list of references itself.
+% The redefinition must be made with |\gdef|, not |\def| or
+% |\renewcommand|.
+%
+% The selected punctuation style and other redefinitions will not be in
+% effect on the first \LaTeX{} run, for they are stored to the auxiliary
+% file for the subsequent run.
+%
+% The user may add more such definitions of his own, to accommodate those
+% journals and \texttt{.bst} files that he has. He may either add them to
+% his local copy of \thestyle\texttt{.sty}, or better put them into a file
+% named \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}. This file will be read in if it exists,
+% adding any local configurations. Thus such configurations can survive
+% future updates of the package. (This is for \LaTeXe{} only.)
+%
+% \medskip
+% \noindent\textbf{Note:}
+% with version~6.0, any explicit call to |\bibpunct| has priority over the
+% predefined citation styles.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citestyle}
+% A preprogrammed citation style is normally invoked by the command
+% |\bibliographystyle|, as described above. However, it may be that
+% one wants to apply a certain citation style to another bibliography
+% style. This may be done with |\citestyle|, given \emph{before}
+% |\begin{document}|. For example, to use the
+% \texttt{plain} bibliography style (for the list of references) with the
+% \textsl{Nature} style of citations (superscripts),
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\documentclass{article}|\\
+% |\usepackage{|\thestyle|}|\\
+% |. . . . .|\\
+% |\citestyle{nature}|\\
+% |\begin{document}|\\
+% |\bibliographystyle{plain}|\\
+% |. . . . .|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \noindent
+% \textbf{Note:} for versions 5.5 and later, all changes to the citation
+% style, including punctuation, must be made before |\begin{document}|,
+% which freezes the citation style.
+%
+% \subsection{Priority of Style Commands}\label{sec:priority}
+% The citation style (punctuation and mode) can be selected by means of the
+% |\bibpunct|, |\citestyle|, and predefined |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst}
+% commands. They can also be selected by \LaTeXe{} options
+% (Section~\ref{sec:opts}). What happens if there are several conflicting
+% selections?
+%
+% The lowest priority is assigned to the predefined |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst}
+% commands, since they are implicit and not obvious to the user. The
+% \LaTeXe{} options have the next priority. Finally, any selection by
+% |\bibpunct| and/or |\citestyle| overrides those of the other methods.
+%
+% \subsection{Other Formatting Options}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibsection}
+% The list of references normally appears as a |\section*| or |\chapter*|,
+% depending on the main class. If one wants to redesign one's own heading,
+% say as a numbered section with |\section|, then |\bibsection| may be
+% redefined by the user accordingly.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibfont}
+% The list of references is normally printed in the same font size and
+% style as the main body. However, it is possible to define |\bibfont|
+% to be font commands that are in effect within the \texttt{thebibliography}
+% environment.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibhang}
+% The list of references for author--year styles uses a hanging indentation
+% format: the first line of each reference is flush left, the following lines
+% are set with an indentation from the left margin. This indentation is 1~em
+% by default but may be changed by redefining (with |\setlength|) the
+% length parameter |\bibhang|.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibsep}
+% The vertical spacing between references in the list, whether author--year
+% or numerical, is controlled by the length |\bibsep|. If this is set to
+% 0~pt, there is no extra line spacing between references. The default
+% spacing depends on the font size selected in |\documentclass|, and is
+% almost a full blank line. Change this by redefining |\bibsep| with
+% |\setlength| command.
+%
+% \subsection{Automatic Indexing of Citations}
+%
+% (New to version 6.0; applies to \LaTeXe\ only)\\[1ex]
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindextrue}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindexfalse}
+% If one wishes to have the citations entered in the \texttt{.idx} indexing
+% file, it is only necessary to issue |\citeindextrue| at any point in the
+% document. All following |\cite| commands, of all variations, then insert
+% the corresponding entry to that file. With |\citeindexfalse|, these
+% entries will no longer be made.
+%
+% The |\bibitem| commands in the \texttt{thebibliography} environment will
+% also make index entries. If this is not desired, then issue
+% |\citeindexfalse| before |\bibliography| or |\begin{thebibliography}|.
+%
+% Of course, |\makeindex| must also be issued in the preamble to activate
+% indexing, as usual. Otherwise, no indexing is done at all.
+%
+% Make sure that the document has been processed at least twice after the
+% last \btx\ run before running the \texttt{makeindex} program.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\NAT@idxtxt}
+% The form of the index entries is set by the internal |\NAT@idxtxt|, which
+% can be redefined by hackers if wanted (in the \thestyle\texttt{.cfg} file
+% please). By default, it prints the short author list plus date in the
+% current parenthesis style.
+%
+% The \thestyle\ package can also be used with the \texttt{index} package of
+% David~M. Jones. The order in which the packages are loaded is not
+% important.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindextype}
+% In that package, multiple index lists may be made by means of a |\newindex|
+% command. For example, it may be desirable to put all the citation indexing
+% into a separate list. First that list must be initiated with, e.g.,
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\newindex{cite}{ctx}{cnd}{List of Citations}|
+% \end{quote}
+% and then the automatic citation indexing associated with this list with the
+% \thestyle\ command
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\renewcommand{\citeindextype}{cite}|
+% \end{quote}
+% See the documentation for \texttt{index.sty} for details.
+%
+% \subsection{Hyper\TeX\ Compatibility}
+% As of version~6.4, \thestyle\ is compatible with the \texttt{hyperref}
+% package of Sebastian Rahtz and Yannis Haralambous, for use with
+% Hyper\TeX. The compatibility is of a mutual nature: both packages contain
+% coding that interact with that of the other. Thus the version of
+% \texttt{hyperref} must be more recent than 1996 Oct~8.
+% ^^A Update the date when it is better known, after checking with Rahtz.
+%
+% \subsection{Multiple Bibliographies in One Document}\label{sec:chapbib}
+%
+% As of version 6.4, \thestyle\ is compatible with the \texttt{chapterbib}
+% package of Donald Arseneau and Niel Kempson,\relax
+% \footnote{I have used version 1.5 from 1995/10/09; cannot guarantee
+% earlier versions.}
+% which makes it possible to have several
+% bibliographies in one document. The usual application is to have
+% bibliographies in each chapter of a book, especially if they have been
+% written by different authors.
+%
+% The \texttt{chapterbib} package works in a very natural way for the
+% author; only the editor who puts all the chapters together into one book
+% has to do some extra work.
+%
+% The package makes use of the |\include| command, and it is in fact every
+% |\include|d file that has its own bibliography. For large books, it makes
+% very good sense to take advantage of this feature in any case.
+%
+% To review the use of |\include|, recall that the main file
+% \begin{verbatim}
+% \documentclass{...}
+% \includeonly{ch2}
+% \begin{document}
+% \include{ch1}
+% \include{ch2}
+% \include{ch3}
+% \end{document}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% will process only the file \texttt{ch2.tex} as though the files
+% \texttt{ch1.tex} and \texttt{ch3.tex} were also present. That is, all
+% counters, especially the page and section numbers, as well as
+% cross-referencing definitions, will function as if the whole document
+% were processed. The trick is that each |\include|d file has it own
+% \texttt{.aux} file containing these definitions, and they are all read
+% in every time, even if the corresponding \texttt{.tex} file is not. The
+% \texttt{.aux} files also contain the citation information for \btx,
+% something that the \texttt{chapterbib} package exploits.
+%
+% If |\usepackage{chapterbib}| has been given, the keys in each |\cite|
+% and |\bibitem| command are associated with the current |\include|d file
+% and are distinguished from the identical key in a different file. Each of
+% these files must contain its own |\bibliography| and |\bibliographystyle|
+% commands. One processes \btx\ on each file separately before processing
+% it under \LaTeX\ (at least twice).
+%
+% \subsubsection{Special Considerations for \thestyle\ and
+% \texttt{chapterbib}}
+%
+% The order in which the \texttt{chapterbib} and \thestyle\ packages are loaded
+% is unimportant.
+%
+% The \texttt{chapterbib} package provides an option \texttt{sectionbib}
+% that puts the bibliography in a |\section*| instead of |\chapter*|,
+% something that makes sense if there is a bibliography in each chapter.
+% This option will not work when \thestyle\ is also loaded; instead, add
+% the option to \thestyle. (The \texttt{sectionbib} option can always be
+% given, but it only has meaning for the \texttt{book} and \texttt{report}
+% classes, or for classes derived from them.)
+%
+% Every |\include|d file (with citations) must contain its own
+% |\bibliography| command where the bibliography is to appear. The database
+% files listed as arguments to this command can be different in each file,
+% of course. However, what is not so obvious, is that each file must also
+% contain a |\bibliographystyle| command, \emph{preferably with the same
+% style argument}. If different bibliography styles are specified for
+% different files, then the preprogrammed citation style (punctuation and
+% citation mode) will be that of the first bibliography style given. The
+% preprogrammed citation styles can only be changed in the preamble (see
+% Section~\ref{sec:priority}), something that guarantees a uniform style
+% for the entire document.\relax
+% \footnote{It would be relatively easy to allow changes in style anywhere
+% in the document, but this strikes me as bad policy. However, it is
+% provided for with the \texttt{docstrip} option \texttt{nopreonly}.}
+%
+% \subsection{Sorting and Compressing Numerical Citations}
+%
+% Another package by Donald Arseneau, \texttt{cite.sty}, reimplements the
+% entire (numerical) citation system such that one can control the
+% punctuation and citation format, all of which is done by \thestyle\ as
+% well. However, it also can sort and compress numerical citations,
+% something that is required by some journals.
+%
+% What this means is that when multiple citations are given with a single
+% |\cite| command, the normal order of the numbers is in the sequence
+% given. This is usually a wild list of numbers, such as [4,2,8,3]. With
+% the \texttt{cite} package, this list becomes [2--4,8].
+%
+% It is impossible to make the \texttt{cite} and \thestyle\ packages
+% compatible, since both reimplement |\cite| from scratch. Instead, I have
+% taken the necessary coding from \texttt{cite.sty} and modified it for
+% \thestyle{}. This coding becomes activated
+% by including the option \texttt{sort} in the |\usepackage| command.
+% It only affects numerical
+% citations, and has no influence on the author--year ones.
+%
+% \section{Numerical Citations with Author--Year Styles}\label{sec:6.0}
+%
+% (New to version 6.0)\\[1ex]
+% In earlier versions, each \texttt{.bst} file could be used either for
+% numerical or author--year citation mode, without any possibility of
+% switching. Obviously numerical \texttt{.bst} files can never be used for
+% author--year citations (the information is missing in the auxiliary file)
+% but there is no reason why the converse should not work.
+%
+% I have been frequently asked if I could implement this feature, and I at
+% first replied that it would be quite easy. That was a mistake. The
+% numerical information was missing in the auxiliary files, so the
+% |\cite| commands could never access it.
+%
+% \subsection{New Coding}
+% I have now recoded \thestyle{} so that the separation of author and year
+% information comes before the information is written to the auxiliary
+% file, and furthermore, a sequential number is also written. This permits
+% numerical citations with \emph{any} of the author--year bibliographic style
+% files.
+%
+% The recoding has made fewer internal changes than I expected. Any users
+% who have local redefinitions of my internals should be aware that of the
+% citation commands, only |\NAT@citexnum| has been altered. Otherwise the
+% changes are in the parsing commands |\NAT@parse| and |\NAT@parse@date|.
+% Of the external commands, |\bibitem| is completely redefined, and
+% |\citeauthor|, |\citeyear|, and |\citefullauthor| are different.
+%
+% Version~5.5 actually made far more internal changes: all internal
+% commands were renamed to conform to recommended \LaTeX{} coding
+% practices.
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Numerical Mode}
+% By default, \thestyle{} is in author--year mode. This can be changed by
+% \begin{enumerate}
+% \item selecting a numerical bibliography style with predefined
+% citation style, defined either in the package or in the local
+% configuration file;
+%
+% \item giving options \texttt{numbers} or \texttt{super} to the
+% |\usepackage| command;
+%
+% \item issuing |\bibpunct| with the 4th mandatory argument set to \texttt{n}
+% or \texttt{s};
+%
+% \item issuing |\citestyle| with the name of a predefined numerical
+% bibliography style.
+% \end{enumerate}
+% The methods are listed in order of increasing priority.
+%
+% The \thestyle{} package will automatically switch to numerical mode if
+% any one of the |\bibitem| entries fails to conform to the possible
+% author--year formats. There is no way to override this, since such an
+% entry would cause trouble in the author--year mode.
+%
+% There are certain special `numerical' styles, like that of the standard
+% \texttt{alpha.bst}, which include a non-numerical label in place of the
+% number, in the form
+% \begin{quote} |\bibitem[ABC95]{able95}| \end{quote}
+% As far as \thestyle\ is concerned, this label does not conform to the
+% author--year possibilities and is therefore considered to be numerical.
+% The citation mode switches to numerical, and |\cite{able95}| prints
+% [ABC95].
+%
+% \subsection{New Bibliography Styles}
+% I provided three new \texttt{.bst} files to replace the standard \LaTeX\
+% numerical ones:
+% \begin{quote}\ttfamily
+% plainnat.bst \qquad abbrvnat.bst \qquad unsrtnat.bst
+% \end{quote}
+% These produce reference lists in the same style as the corresponding
+% standard \texttt{.bst} file, but can only be used with \thestyle{}. The
+% advantage is that they can be used in both numerical and author--year
+% mode.
+%
+% In fact, \texttt{unsrtnat.bst} is rather silly for author--year
+% citations: the references are listed in the order they were cited, which
+% makes it difficult to find them. It is only included in case an author
+% wishes to switch from \texttt{plainnat} (author--year) to the unsorted
+% numerical mode, retaining the |\citeauthor| and |\citeyear| commands in
+% his paper.
+%
+% It is not possible to produce a modified version of \texttt{alpha.bst}
+% since it would conflict with the |\bibitem| format of \thestyle.
+%
+% The sample bibliography style file \texttt{natbib.bst} will no longer be
+% distributed. It merely represented a demonstration of the |\bibitem|
+% syntax for \thestyle, a function that is now taken over by
+% \texttt{plainnat.bst} and friends.
+%
+% \section{Local Configuration}
+% For \LaTeXe, it is possible to add a local configuration file
+% \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}, which is read in, if it exists, at
+% the end of the package. It may thus contain coding to supecede that in
+% the package, although its main purpose is to allow the user to add his
+% own |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} definitions to couple citation punctuation
+% with local bibliography styles.
+%
+% \section{Options with \LaTeXe}\label{sec:opts}
+% One of the new features of \LaTeXe{} is \emph{options} for the packages,
+% in the same way as main styles (now called \emph{classes}) can take
+% options. This package is now installed with
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\documentclass[..]{...}|\\
+% |\usepackage[|\emph{options}|]{|\thestyle|}|
+% \end{quote}
+% The options available provide another means of specifying the
+% punctuation for citations:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily round] (default) for round parentheses;
+% \item[\ttfamily square] for square brackets;
+% \item[\ttfamily curly] for curly braces;
+% \item[\ttfamily angle] for angle brackets;
+% \item[\ttfamily colon] (default) to separate multiple citations with
+% colons;
+% \item[\ttfamily comma] to use commas as separaters;
+% \item[\ttfamily authoryear] (default) for author--year citations;
+% \item[\ttfamily numbers] for numerical citations;
+% \item[\ttfamily super] for superscripted numerical citations, as in
+% \textsl{Nature};
+% \item[\ttfamily sort] puts multiple numerical citations in order and
+% compresses them if possible (as 3--6, 15);
+% \item[\ttfamily sectionbib] redefines |\thebibliography| to issue
+% |\section*| instead of |\chapter*|; valid only for classes with a
+% |\chapter| command; to be used with the \texttt{chapterbib} package.
+% \end{description}
+%
+% If any of these options are selected, the predefined citation styles in
+% the commands |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} will be no longer be effective.
+% If either |\bibpunct| or |\citestyle| is given in the preamble, the above
+% punctuation options will no longer hold.
+%
+% \section{As Module to Journal-Specific Styles}
+% Although \thestyle{} is meant to be an all-purpose bibliographic style
+% \emph{package}, it may also be incorporated as a module to other
+% packages for specific journals. In this case, many of the general features may
+% be left off. This is allowed for with \texttt{docstrip} options that not
+% only leave off certain codelines, but also include extra ones. So far,
+% options exist for
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack] produces a basic version with author--year only,
+% fixed citation punctuation, no |\bibpunct| nor |\citestyle| nor
+% predefined styles;
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack,egs] for journals of the \textsl{European Geophysical
+% Society}, in particular \textsl{Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics};
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack,agu] for \textsl{American Geophysical Union} journals.
+% \end{description}
+% The \texttt{subpack} option must always be used with \texttt{package}.
+%
+% Previous options \texttt{jgr} and \texttt{grl} have become obsolete due
+% to revisions in these journals; they have been replaced by the more
+% general \texttt{agu} option.
+%
+% \section{Summary}
+%
+% The following summary is included as comments at the beginning of the
+% \thestyle\texttt{.sty} file, for quick reference. Certain lines are
+% dependent on the \texttt{docstrip} options.
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*package&!subpack>
+% \fi
+% \begin{verbatim}
+ % This package reimplements the LaTeX \cite command to be used for various
+ % citation styles, both author-year and numerical. It accepts BibTeX
+ % output intended for many other packages, and therefore acts as a
+ % general, all-purpose citation-style interface.
+ %
+ % With standard numerical .bst files, only numerical citations are
+ % possible. With an author-year .bst file, both numerical and
+ % author-year citations are possible.
+ %
+ % If author-year citations are selected, \bibitem must have one of the
+ % following forms:
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)]{key}...
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)Jones, Baker, and Williams]{key}...
+%<*apalike|all>
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{key}...
+%</apalike|all>
+%<*newapa|chicago|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones, Baker, and Williams}{Jones
+ % et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+%</newapa|chicago|all>
+%<*astron|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Jones et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+%</astron|all>
+%<*authordate|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citename{Jones et al., }1990]{key}...
+%</authordate|all>
+%<*harvard|all>
+ % \harvarditem[Jones et al.]{Jones, Baker, and Williams}{1990}{key}...
+%</harvard|all>
+ %
+ % This is either to be made up manually, or to be generated by an
+ % appropriate .bst file with BibTeX.
+ % Author-year mode || Numerical mode
+ % Then, \citet{key} ==>> Jones et al. (1990) || Jones et al. [21]
+ % \citep{key} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990) || [21]
+ % Multiple citations as normal:
+ % \citep{key1,key2} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990; Smith, 1989) || [21,24]
+ % or (Jones et al., 1990, 1991) || [21,24]
+ % or (Jones et al., 1990a,b) || [21,24]
+ % \cite{key} is the equivalent of \citet{key} in author-year mode
+ % and of \citep{key} in numerical mode
+ % Full author lists may be forced with \citet* or \citep*, e.g.
+ % \citep*{key} ==>> (Jones, Baker, and Williams, 1990)
+ % Optional notes as:
+ % \citep[chap. 2]{key} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)
+ % \citep[e.g.,][]{key} ==>> (e.g., Jones et al., 1990)
+ % \citep[see][pg. 34]{key}==>> (see Jones et al., 1990, pg. 34)
+ % (Note: in standard LaTeX, only one note is allowed, after the ref.
+ % Here, one note is like the standard, two make pre- and post-notes.)
+ % \citealt{key} ==>> Jones et al. 1990
+ % \citealt*{key} ==>> Jones, Baker, and Williams 1990
+ % \citealt{key1,key2} ==>> Jones et al. 1990; Smith 1989
+ % Additional citation possibilities (both author-year and numerical modes)
+ % \citeauthor{key} ==>> Jones et al.
+ % \citeyear{key} ==>> 1990
+ % \citefullauthor{key} ==>> Jones, Baker, and Williams
+ % (Multiple keys NOT allowed!)
+ % Note: full author lists depends on whether the bib style supports them;
+ % if not, the abbreviated list is printed even when full requested.
+ %
+ % Defining the citation style of a given bib style:
+%<!nopreonly> % Use \bibpunct (in the preamble only) with 6 mandatory arguments:
+%<nopreonly> % Use \bibpunct (anywhere in the text) with 6 mandatory arguments:
+ % 1. opening bracket for citation
+ % 2. closing bracket
+ % 3. citation separator (for multiple citations in one \cite)
+ % 4. the letter n for numerical styles, s for superscripts
+ % else anything for author-year
+ % 5. punctuation between authors and date
+ % 6. punctuation between years when common authors missing
+ % One optional argument is the character coming before post-notes. It
+ % appears in square braces before all other arguments. May be left off.
+ % Example (and default) \bibpunct[,]{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}
+ %
+ % To make this automatic for a given bib style, named newbib, say, make
+ % a local configuration file, natbib.cfg, with the definition
+ % \newcommand{\bibstyle@newbib}{\bibpunct...}
+ % Then the \bibliographystyle{newbib} will cause \bibstyle@newbib to
+ % be called on THE NEXT LATEX RUN (via the aux file).
+ %
+%<!nopreonly> % Such preprogrammed definitions may be invoked in the text (preamble only)
+%<nopreonly> % Such preprogrammed definitions may be invoked anywhere in the text
+ % by calling \citestyle{newbib}. This is only useful if the style specified
+ % differs from that in \bibliographystyle.
+ %
+%<*!209>
+ % With \citeindextrue and \citeindexfalse, one can control whether the
+ % \cite commands make an automatic entry of the citation in the .idx
+ % indexing file. For this, \makeindex must also be given in the preamble.
+ %
+ % LaTeX2e Options: (for selecting punctuation)
+ % round - round parentheses are used (default)
+ % square - square brackets are used [option]
+ % curly - curly braces are used {option}
+ % angle - angle brackets are used <option>
+ % colon - multiple citations separated by colon (default)
+ % comma - separated by comma
+ % authoryear - selects author-year citations (default)
+ % numbers- selects numerical citations
+ % super - numerical citations as superscripts
+ % sort - sorts and compresses numerical citations
+ % sectionbib - puts bibliography in a \section* instead of \chapter*
+ % Punctuation so selected dominates over any predefined ones.
+ % LaTeX2e options are called as, e.g.
+ % \usepackage[square,comma]{natbib}
+%</!209>
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \iffalse
+ % LaTeX the source file natbib.dtx to obtain more details.
+ %-----------------------------------------------------------
+%</package&!subpack>
+% \fi
+%
+% \section{Options with \texttt{docstrip}}
+% The source \texttt{.dtx} file is meant to be processed with
+% \texttt{docstrip}, for which a number of options are available:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily all] includes all of the other interfaces;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily apalike] allows interpretation of minimal \texttt{apalike}
+% form of |\bibitem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily newapa] allows |\citeauthoryear| to be in the optional
+% argument of |\bibitem| along with the punctuation commands of
+% \texttt{newapa.sty};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily chicago] is the same as \texttt{newapa};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily harvard] includes interpretation of |\harvarditem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily astron] allows |\astroncite| to appear in the optional
+% argument of |\bibitem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily authordate] adds the syntax of the |\citename| command.
+%
+% \end{description}
+%
+% This package file is intended to act as a module for other class files
+% written for specific journals, in which case the flexible
+% |\bibstyle@|{\em bst\/} commands are not wanted. Punctuation and
+% other style features are to be rigidly fixed. These journal options are
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily agu] for journals of the \textsl{American Geophysical
+% Union};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily egs] for journals of the \textsl{European Geophysical
+% Society}, in particular \textsl{Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics}.
+%
+% \end{description}
+%
+% The remaining options are:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily package] to produce a \texttt{.sty} package file with most
+% comments removed;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily 209] (together with \texttt{package}) for a style option
+% file that will run under the older \LaTeX~2.09;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack] (together with \texttt{package}) for coding that
+% is to be included inside a larger package; even more comments are
+% removed, as well as \LaTeXe{} option handling and identification;
+% produces a basic \thestyle\ package for author--year only, fixed
+% citation style (punctuation);
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily nopreonly] allows |\citestyle| and |\bibpunct| to be
+% called anywhere in the text; this is considered possibly useful
+% with the \texttt{chapterbib} package where different chapters might
+% have different bibliography and citation styles; is only provided
+% in case I change my mind about this feature, but for now I
+% refuse to implement it;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily driver] to produce a driver \texttt{.drv} file that will
+% print out the documentation under \LaTeXe. The documentation cannot
+% be printed under \LaTeX~2.09.
+%
+% \end{description}
+% The source file \texttt{\filename.dtx} is itself a driver file and can
+% be processed directly by \LaTeXe.
+%
+% \StopEventually{\PrintIndex\PrintChanges}
+%
+% \section{The Coding}
+% This section presents and explains the actual coding of the macros.
+% It is nested between |%<*package>| and |%</package>|, which
+% are indicators to \texttt{docstrip} that this coding belongs to the package
+% file.
+%
+% The \texttt{docstrip} option |<subpack>| should only be called if the
+% coding is to be included as part of another package, in which case the
+% announcement text and \LaTeXe{} options are suppressed.
+%
+% An alternative version of this coding is provided for running as a
+% style file under \LaTeX~2.09. Code lines belonging to this are
+% indicated with guard |<209>|; those for LaTeXe{} only with |<!209>|.
+%
+% With \LaTeX\ release from \texttt{1995/12/01}, |\cite| is made robust,
+% something that I have adopted as well.
+%
+% Another change in the above release is that
+% |\G@refundefinedtrue|\footnote{In fact, it was only proposed to be
+% removed, but because several packages, including this one, were
+% adversely affected, the name was retained for the new coding.}
+% and the |\if@openbib| flag have been removed.
+% New, more effective, and compact, coding has replaced them. Rather than
+% relying on the kernel coding, I make \thestyle\ more
+% self-reliant.
+%
+% \subsection{Test for Specific Journals}
+% This package should not be loaded with the specific journal packages that
+% already include it; it is superfluous and can lead to contradictions.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*package>
+%<*!209&!subpack>
+\@ifclassloaded{aguplus}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The aguplus class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{nlinproc}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The nlinproc class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{egs}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The egs class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+%</!209&!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation and Other Modifications}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibstyle@xxx}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add \texttt{agsm} and \texttt{dcu} punctuation
+% styles from \texttt{harvard} series}
+% We begin by defining a number of punctuation styles for specific
+% author--year \texttt{.bst} files that I use.
+% They are placed here, near the beginning, so that another
+% user can easily find them to add his own. Some comments remain in the
+% stripped version too.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+ % Define citation punctuation for some author-year styles
+ % One may add and delete at this point
+%<!209> % Or put additions into local configuration file natbib.cfg
+\newcommand\bibstyle@chicago{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@named{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@agu{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,~}}%Amer. Geophys. Union
+\newcommand\bibstyle@egs{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Eur. Geophys. Soc.
+%<*all|harvard>
+\newcommand\bibstyle@agsm{\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{,}\gdef\harvardand{\&}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@kluwer{\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{,}\gdef\harvardand{\&}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@dcu{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{;}{,}\gdef\harvardand{and}}
+%</all|harvard>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Here give the explicit punctuation for the specific journals; their
+% coding need not contain the punctuation macros |\bibpunct| and
+% |\bibstyle@xxx| since the punctuation is fixed for them.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@aa{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{}{,}} %Astronomy & Astrophysics
+\newcommand\bibstyle@pass{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Planet. & Space Sci
+\newcommand\bibstyle@anngeo{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Annales Geophysicae
+\newcommand\bibstyle@nlinproc{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Nonlin.Proc.Geophys.
+%</!subpack>
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@open{[} \newcommand\NAT@close{]}
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;} \newcommand\NAT@cmt{,}
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,~}
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@open{(} \newcommand\NAT@close{)}
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;} \newcommand\NAT@cmt{,}
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Fix \texttt{esa} style for new note system}
+% Next, the same thing is done for some numerical styles. A major
+% difference here is that the |\@biblabel| and |\@cite| commands must also
+% be redefined in many cases. These redefinitions must be made with the
+% |\gdef| (global definition) command.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+ % Define citation punctuation for some numerical styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@cospar{\bibpunct{/}{/}{,}{n}{}{}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@esa{\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{n}{}{}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.\hspace{1em}}%
+ \gdef\NAT@citenum##1##2##3{\NAT@open \if\relax##2\relax\else
+ ##2\ \fi Ref.~##1\if\relax##3\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ ##3\fi\NAT@close}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@nature{\bibpunct{}{}{,}{s}{}{}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Finally, the standard \LaTeX{} (numerical) citation styles are included
+% along with their \thestyle\ modifications (author--year).
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ % The standard LaTeX styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@plain{\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{n}{}{}}
+\let\bibstyle@alpha=\bibstyle@plain
+\let\bibstyle@abbrv=\bibstyle@plain
+\let\bibstyle@unsrt=\bibstyle@plain
+ % The author-year modifications of the standard styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@plainnat{\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{a}{,}{,}}
+\let\bibstyle@abbrvnat=\bibstyle@plainnat
+\let\bibstyle@unsrtnat=\bibstyle@plainnat
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{\LaTeXe{} Options}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@numbers}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Add flag for switching between cite styles}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@super}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Add flag for switching between cite styles}
+% Two flags are used to keep track of the citation style. The flag
+% |\ifNAT@numbers| is \meta{false} by default (author--year) and switches
+% to \meta{true} for numerical citations. The flag |\ifNAT@super| indicates
+% if the numerical citation is to be done with superscripts.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifNAT@numbers \NAT@numbersfalse
+\newif\ifNAT@super \NAT@superfalse
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\DeclareOption}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add \LaTeXe{} options.}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add options \texttt{angle} and \texttt{curly}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Add option \texttt{bibstyle}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Execute \texttt{nobibstyle} with all options}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 27}{Add option \texttt{openbib}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add option \texttt{sectionbib}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 13}{Add option \texttt{sort}}
+% For \LaTeXe, we can define some options to be used with the |\usepackage|
+% command that loads the \thestyle{} package. These are an additional means
+% of specifying the citation punctuation and scheme.
+%
+% The standard option \texttt{openbib} is also defined here so that its
+% behaviour is entirely under my control. Relying on the standard classes
+% can lead to trouble.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\DeclareOption{numbers}{\NAT@numberstrue
+ \ExecuteOptions{square,comma,nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{super}{\NAT@supertrue\NAT@numberstrue
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{authoryear}{\NAT@numbersfalse
+ \ExecuteOptions{round,colon,bibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{round}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{(} \renewcommand\NAT@close{)}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{square}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{[} \renewcommand\NAT@close{]}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{angle}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{$<$} \renewcommand\NAT@close{$>$}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{curly}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{\{} \renewcommand\NAT@close{\}}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{comma}{\renewcommand\NAT@sep{,}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{colon}{\renewcommand\NAT@sep{;}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{nobibstyle}{\let\bibstyle=\@gobble}
+\DeclareOption{bibstyle}{\let\bibstyle=\@citestyle}
+\newif\ifNAT@openbib \NAT@openbibfalse
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{\NAT@openbibtrue}
+\DeclareOption{sectionbib}{\def\NAT@sectionbib{on}}
+\def\NAT@sort{0}
+\DeclareOption{sort}{\def\NAT@sort{1}}
+\@ifpackageloaded{cite}{\PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}
+ {The `cite' package should not be used\MessageBreak
+ with natbib. Use option `sort' instead}\ExecuteOptions{sort}}{}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Before version~6.0, the punctuation options had the lowest priority,
+% being overridden by any |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} command. It was necessary
+% to add the option \texttt{nobibstyle} to make them effective. Now this
+% option is automatically executed whenever a punctuation option is chosen.
+% The reason is that \texttt{nobibstyle} is either superfluous (no
+% predefined citation style is present) or always necessary to make the
+% other options meaningful.
+%
+% It seems to be better practice to make any explicit choices to have
+% higher priority over implicit ones.
+%
+% The option \texttt{bibstyle} reactivates the predefined commands, just in
+% case this is needed, as it is for the option \texttt{authoryear}. This
+% leaves the predefined styles functioning, since it does not really
+% determine the citation style, but rather establishes a default which may
+% be overwritten by a prestored one. For this reason, this option must be
+% defined very early so that any explicit punctuation options overwrite the
+% defaults. (Options are executed in the order defined.)
+%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation and Other Modifications}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibstyle}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Move \cs{ProcessOptions} to after definition
+% of \cs{bibstyle}}
+% The pre-defined punctuation styles are associated with particular
+% \texttt{.bst} files. This is implemented by means of the standard
+% |\bibliographystyle| command that specifies the name of the \texttt{.bst}
+% file that is to be used by \btx. Some \LaTeX{} manuals erroneously state
+% that this command must be issued prior to any |\cite| commands. If that
+% were the case, the task of invoking the style definitions would be much
+% easier, for they certainly must be issued before the first |\cite|.
+% However, I have always called |\bibliographystyle| together with
+% |\bibliography|, well after all |\cite| commands.
+%
+% In fact, all that |\bibliographystyle|\marg{bst} does is to write
+% |\bibstyle|\marg{bst} to the auxiliary file. This file, and all its
+% contents, will be read in at the beginning of the next \LaTeX{} run; to
+% be precise, it is read in by |\begin{document}|. The command |\bibstyle| is
+% then executed at that point on the next run. However, it is
+% defined to do nothing more than to swallow up its argument! In other
+% words, the combination |\bibliographystyle| and |\bibstyle| do absolutely
+% nothing to the \LaTeX{} runs. In fact, |\bibstyle| is a command for
+% \btx{} alone.
+%
+% I have taken advantage of this to redefine |\bibstyle| to execute the
+% \texttt{bst}-specific definitions. This definition is made here before
+% |\ExecuteOptions| so that options may make use of it; the option
+% \texttt{nobibstyle} turns it off, for example.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\renewcommand\bibstyle[1]{\@ifundefined{bibstyle@#1}{\relax}
+ {\csname bibstyle@#1\endcsname}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% This is executed only when the auxiliary file is read in, and that is
+% when |\begin{document}| is issued. Thus this is well before any |\cite|
+% commands. It is for this reason that any definitions in the
+% |\bibstyle@xxx| commands must be global.
+%
+% A minor problem arises in that the auxiliary file is read in a second
+% time, at the end of the run, to check whether any labels have changed.
+% Sometimes, re-executing the |\bibstyle@xxx| command at this point
+% produces error messages. To avoid this, |\bibstyle| is reset to its
+% normal, do-nothing, definition after |\begin{document}|.
+%
+% \LaTeXe{} provides a better way of adding commands to |\document|,
+% which is then exploited here. Paradoxically, the problem with re-reading
+% the auxiliary file does not seem to arise for this version.
+%
+% (|\NAT@set@cites| must also be executed at the start of the document; for
+% \LaTeXe, this is added later when the macro is defined.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*209>
+\let\ori@document=\document
+\renewcommand\document{\ori@document\global\let\bibstyle=\@gobble
+ \NAT@set@cites}
+%</209>
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\global\let\bibstyle=\@gobble}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citestyle}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 03}{Add macro}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Make preamble only}
+% To allow one to invoke preprogrammed punctuation styles that are
+% different from the name of the bibliography style specified by
+% |\bibliographystyle|, call |\citestyle| in the preamble. This then
+% deactivates |\bibstyle| so that any preprogrammed punctuations become
+% ineffective.
+%
+% This, and all other punctuation (citation style) declarations, may only
+% be used in the preamble, as of version 5.5. (Previously they could only
+% be used after the preamble, but the preamble is more logical.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\let\@citestyle\bibstyle
+\newcommand\citestyle[1]{\@citestyle{#1}\let\bibstyle\@gobble}
+%<!209&!nopreonly>\@onlypreamble{\citestyle}\@onlypreamble{\@citestyle}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibpunct}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add superscript style of citations}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Use flags to select citation style}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Make preamble only}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Sets \cs{bibstyle} to \cs{@gobble}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Declare \cs{NAT@numbersfalse} before testing 4th
+% argument}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Add optional argument for \cs{NAT@cmt}}
+% Now |\bibpunct| is defined. It sets various punctuation commands equal to
+% its arguments. It also switches to numerical style if that is specified
+% by the fourth argument. This is done by setting the citation style
+% flag |NAT@numbers| accordingly. The internal cite macros are later
+% set to the style-dependent definitions by calling |\NAT@set@cites|.
+%
+% The fourth argument can also be \texttt{s} for superscript, which
+% sets both the numerical and the |\NAT@super| flags.
+%
+% An optional argument has been added to determine the punctuation that
+% precedes a trailing note. This makes the counting of mandatory arguments
+% somewhat confused, since the fourth argument is now |#5|.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<!209>\newcommand\bibpunct[7][,]%
+%<209>\newcommand\bibpunct{\@ifnextchar[{\@bibpunct}{\@bibpunct[,]}}
+%<209>\def\@bibpunct[#1]#2#3#4#5#6#7%
+ {\gdef\NAT@open{#2}\gdef\NAT@close{#3}\gdef
+ \NAT@sep{#4}\global\NAT@numbersfalse\ifx #5n\global\NAT@numberstrue
+ \else
+ \ifx #5s\global\NAT@numberstrue\global\NAT@supertrue
+ \fi\fi
+ \gdef\NAT@aysep{#6}\gdef\NAT@yrsep{#7}%
+ \gdef\NAT@cmt{#1}%
+ \global\let\bibstyle\@gobble
+%<nopreonly> \NAT@set@cites
+ }
+%<*!nopreonly>
+%<!209>\@onlypreamble{\bibpunct}
+%<209>\def\do{\noexpand\do\noexpand}
+%<209>\edef\@preamblecmds{\@preamblecmds \do\bibpunct \do\citestyle}
+%</!nopreonly>
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The command turns off |\bibstyle| so that the predefined
+% |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} commands no longer work. Thus |\bibpunct| has
+% priority over the predefined styles.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Setting the Defaults}
+% For \LaTeXe, the defaults (punctuation and scheme type) are set with the
+% |\ExecuteOptions| command. For \LaTeX~2.09, the default scheme is
+% author--year, and punctuation can only be set with |\bibpunct|.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@open}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citebegin}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@close}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citeend}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@sep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citesep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@aysep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@auyrsep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@yrsep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@yrsep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@cmt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Add macro}
+% The five punctuation characters for citations are the start and stop
+% brackets, the character between multiple citations, the character between
+% the authors and year (parenthetical only), and the character between
+% adjacent years when the common author list is omitted.
+% A sixth one has been added: the character preceding post-notes.
+% Define their default values.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@open{(} \newcommand\NAT@close{)}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Remove \cs{ExecuteOptions} since default
+% style determined by definitions}
+% The option \texttt{authoryear} was originally provided to serve as the
+% default; hence its definition includes \texttt{bibstyle}. However, this
+% is not necessary since all the appropriate parameters are set to these
+% values anyway. (One could consider removing \texttt{bibstyle}.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+%\ExecuteOptions{authoryear}
+\ProcessOptions
+%</!subpack&!209>
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@cmt{,}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{Internal Citing Macros}
+% A number of internal macros (|\@citex|, |\@cite|, |\@biblabel|, and
+% |\@bibsetup|) need to have different definitions for author--year and
+% numerical schemes. They are defined here for the two different styles,
+% with different names, and which ones become active depend on the citation
+% style flags |\ifNAT@numbers| and |\ifNAT@super|.
+%
+% The coding for the journals always defines the internal macros directly
+% as the author--year version, since they can never do any switching.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@cite}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@cite}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Dec 2}{Reversed optional text no longer needs to include
+% a trailing blank}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add optional notes after as well as before
+% citation.}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add command space in place of space}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Use \cs{if}\cs{relax}\texttt{\#2}\cs{relax}
+% in place of \cs{if}\texttt{\#2}\cs{@empty}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@cite}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citenum}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add optional notes after as well as before
+% citation.}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add command space in place of space}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Use \cs{if}\cs{relax}\texttt{\#2}\cs{relax}
+% in place of \cs{if}\texttt{\#2}\cs{@empty}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citenum}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citesuper}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add macro for superscripts}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citesuper}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Prints post-note only if present}
+% \changes{6.2}{1995 Feb 2}{Get superscript font size right; use
+% \cs{textsuperscript}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Numericals always print notes if present, do not
+% test for any flag first}
+% Define the internal |\@cite| commands that prints the assembled string
+% of citation label texts, plus possible optional notes, before and after.
+% The numerical version is almost the same, except that the brackets
+% |\NAT@open| and |\NAT@close| are always present and the optional notes are
+% included if they are present. For author-year, the notes are included (if
+% present) here only for parenthetical citations (|\ifNAT@swa| if \meta{true})
+% and for textual citations, they are printed by the |\NAT@citex|.
+%
+% The superscript citation prints only the following, not the preceding,
+% note, and then only if it is present.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\renewcommand\@cite%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@cite%
+ [3]{\ifNAT@swa\NAT@open\if\relax#2\relax\else#2\ \fi
+ #1\if\relax#3\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ #3\fi\NAT@close\else#1\fi}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@citenum[3]{\NAT@open\if\relax#2\relax\else
+ #2\ \fi #1\if\relax#3\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ #3\fi\NAT@close}
+\newcommand\NAT@citesuper[3]{\unskip\hspace{1pt}\textsuperscript{#1}%
+ \if\relax#3\relax\else\ (#3)\fi}
+%<!209>\providecommand
+%<209>\newcommand
+ \textsuperscript[1]{\mbox{$^{\mbox{\scriptsize#1}}$}}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@citex}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Use \cs{NAT@citeundefined}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citexnum}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Make like \LaTeXe{} definition instead of 2.09}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citexnum}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Prints \cs{NAT@num} instead of \cs{b@citeb}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Add \cs{NAT@space} for variable spacing between
+% numericals and superscripts}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% The original definition of |\@citex| is now used to define |\NAT@citexnum|,
+% the version for numerical citations. What it does is to write a
+% |\citation| command to the auxiliary file (for \btx), and then parses the
+% second argument, the list of citation keys. These keys have to be decoded
+% into the actual label text contained in |\b@|\emph{key} (a number or
+% author--year), and put together as the argument of |\@cite|.
+%
+% The temporary command |\@citeb| takes on the value of each of the keys in
+% turn; |\@citea| is the separator between multiple citations, initially
+% set to nothing, becoming |\NAT@sep| plus line-break suppression
+% afterwards. The |\@firstofone| macro removes any leading blanks in
+% |\@citeb|, making |\cite{key1, key2}| possible. If |\b@|\emph{key} is
+% not defined (as on the first run, for example), a warning is printed, and
+% a question mark inserted. Finally, the decoded label text is placed into
+% an |\hbox| to prevent it from being split.
+%
+% As of version 6.0, the numerical label text is to be found in |\NAT@num|,
+% whereas previously it was the entire label, |\b@|\emph{key}.
+%
+% Note that here, and in later coding, internal names beginning with
+% |\@cite..| are employed; these names are used in the original \LaTeX{}
+% coding for the same functions. Therefore, if there are other packages
+% that have name conflicts with \thestyle, they will also have conflicts with
+% standard \LaTeX\ too.
+%
+% For compatibility with the \texttt{chapterbib} package of Donald Arseneau,
+% add |\@extra@b@citeb| to the cite key; this contains the number of the
+% included file in order to distinguish the same citation in separate files
+% which then belong to different bibliography listings.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\let\@firstofone\@iden
+%<!209>\providecommand\@firstofone[1]{#1}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@citexnum{}
+\def\NAT@citexnum[#1][#2]#3{\let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#3\do
+ {\@citea\def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+ \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209>{\reset@font\bfseries?}
+%<!209> \NAT@citeundefined\PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{\@citeb}\hbox{\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb}%
+ \NAT@num\hyper@natlinkend}}}}{#1}{#2}}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citex}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Make like \LaTeXe{} definition instead of 2.09}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Change space to command space for text cites}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Add test for adjacent citations having equal
+% authors and years}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citex}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Move \cs{ifNAT@full} test from
+% \cs{NAT@parse} to here}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% The author--year version of |\@citex| is now defined.
+% It starts off much the same as the numerical version. However, it wants
+% the authors and year for each decoded label text to be separated into
+% |\NAT@nm| and |\NAT@date|. This is done by the routine |\NAT@parse|.
+% The names of the authors in the previous key are stored in
+% |\NAT@last@nm|,
+% and if that is the same as the current names, it is not printed again.
+% The output citation text is not put into an |\hbox| since line division
+% may occur within the author--year citation. The output is formatted
+% differently for parenthetical (|\NAT@swa| \meta{true}) and textual
+% (|\NAT@swa| \meta{false}) cases.
+%
+% |\NAT@nm| will contain either |\NAT@name| or |\NAT@all@names| depending
+% on the state of |\ifNAT@full|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\def\@citex%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@citex{}
+%<!subpack>\def\NAT@citex%
+ [#1][#2]#3{\let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\let\NAT@nm\@empty\let\NAT@year\@empty
+ \@for\@citeb:=#3\do
+ {\edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{\@citea%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb}%
+ \let\NAT@last@nm=\NAT@nm\let\NAT@last@yr=\NAT@year
+ \NAT@parse{\@citeb}\ifNAT@full\let\NAT@nm\NAT@all@names\else
+ \let\NAT@nm\NAT@name\fi
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Begin parenthetical citation. Check if author names the same as in the
+% previous citation, and if so, also check if the years are the same.
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 8}{Add \cs{unskip} to avoid double spacing
+% between years}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Add optional notes for textual citations}
+% If so, citations are printed `1994a,b'; if a space is wanted between
+% the letters, as `1994a,~b', then give |\NAT@yrsep| as |{,~}|. For this
+% reason, the |\unskip| is needed when the space between years is printed
+% to avoid two spaces.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \ifNAT@swa
+ \ifx\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm\NAT@yrsep
+ \ifx\NAT@last@yr\NAT@year \NAT@exlab\else\unskip\ \NAT@date\fi
+ \else\@citea{\NAT@nm}\NAT@aysep
+ \ \NAT@date \fi \def\@citea{\NAT@sep\ }%
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Begin textual citation. Do same checks for repeated names and years.
+% Optional notes are added here, not in |\NAT@cite|, which means for
+% multiple citations, each one will receive the notes in the year part.
+% (Pre-notes are questionable for this, but include them anyway.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \else
+ \ifx\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm\NAT@yrsep\ifx\NAT@last@yr\NAT@year
+ \NAT@exlab\else \unskip\ \NAT@date\fi
+ \else\@citea{\NAT@nm}\ \NAT@open\if\relax#1\relax\else#1\ \fi
+ \NAT@date\fi
+ \def\@citea{\NAT@close\NAT@sep\ }%
+ \fi \hyper@natlinkend
+ }}\ifNAT@swa\else\if\relax#2\relax\else\NAT@cmt\ #2\fi
+ \NAT@close\fi}{#1}{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@biblabel}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@biblabel}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@biblabel}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@biblabelnum}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@biblabelnum}}
+% Similarly for the |\@biblabel| command, that is used to format the
+% citation label in the list of references, define the author--year
+% and the numerical versions. For the former, no labels are
+% printed in the list of references.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\renewcommand\@biblabel[1]{\hfill}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@biblabel[1]{\hfill}
+\newcommand\NAT@biblabelnum[1]{[#1]}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@bibsetup}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bibsetup}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add \cs{bibhang} for variable hanging
+% indentation}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@bibsetup}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bibsetnum}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Add \cmd{\if@openbib} as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@bibsetnum}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Use \cs{ifNAT@openbib}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Mar 05}{Add \cs{bibsep} for linespacing between
+% references}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 10}{Set \cs{bibsep} to 0 for EGS}
+% The macro |\@bibsetup| is called by |\thebibliography| and contains any
+% coding for formatting the list of references that may be different for
+% numerical and author--year schemes. For numerical citations, the
+% |\labelwidth| must be set to the size of the longest label (the argument
+% of |\thebibliography|), and the |\leftmargin| adjusted accordingly. For
+% author--year, there are no labels, so |\labelwidth| is zero, all lines
+% after the first are indented by 1~em.
+%
+% Since |\thebibliography| is not included in the \textsl{AGU} package,
+% this macro is left off here too.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!agu>
+%<*!egs>
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@bibsetnum[1]{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}\addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}%
+ \setlength{\itemsep}{\bibsep}\setlength{\parsep}{\z@}%
+%<*!209>
+ \ifNAT@openbib
+ \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\bibindent}%
+ \setlength{\itemindent}{-\bibindent}%
+ \setlength{\listparindent}{\itemindent}%
+ \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
+ \fi
+%</!209>
+}
+%</!subpack>
+%</!egs>
+\newlength{\bibhang}
+\setlength{\bibhang}{1em}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% The length |\bibsep| is to be the spacing between listed references.
+% This is normally the regular line spacing between |\item|s in a
+% \texttt{list} environment, which is |\itemsep| + |\parsep|. These are set
+% by |\@listi|. Therefore, in order to set |\bibsep| to the default value,
+% call |\@listi| locally and globally set it.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newlength{\bibsep}
+%<!egs>{\@listi \global\bibsep\itemsep \global\advance\bibsep by\parsep}
+%<egs>\setlength{\bibsep}{\z@}
+
+%<subpack>\newcommand\@bibsetup%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@bibsetup%
+ [1]{\setlength{\leftmargin}{\bibhang}\setlength{\itemindent}{-\leftmargin}%
+ \setlength{\itemsep}{\bibsep}\setlength{\parsep}{\z@}}
+%</!agu>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@set@cites}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{New macro to set the internal macros to
+% numerical or author--year}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 17}{Add \cs{natexlab}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Remove \cs{global} from definitions and \cs{let}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Define \cs{NAT@space} differently for
+% numericals and superscripts}
+% The four internal macros that have different definitions depending on the
+% citation style have been defined with different names; now set the macros
+% to be executed to that set that is actually wanted. This is determined by
+% the flags |\ifNAT@numbers| and |\ifNAT@super|. The setting command
+% |\NAT@set@cites| is executed by |\begin{document}|, after which point,
+% the citation style should be frozen.
+%
+% The command |\natexlab| is used in the \texttt{.bst} files to enclose the
+% extra labels (the letters added to the dates); these are to be suppressed
+% for numerical citations.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@set@cites{\ifNAT@numbers
+ \ifNAT@super \let\@cite\NAT@citesuper
+ \let\NAT@space\relax\else
+ \let\@cite\NAT@citenum \def\NAT@space{ }\fi
+ \let\@citex\NAT@citexnum
+ \let\@biblabel\NAT@biblabelnum
+ \let\@bibsetup\NAT@bibsetnum
+ \def\natexlab##1{}%
+ \else
+ \let\@cite\NAT@cite
+ \let\@citex\NAT@citex
+ \let\@biblabel\NAT@biblabel
+ \let\@bibsetup\NAT@bibsetup
+ \def\natexlab##1{##1}%
+ \fi}
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\NAT@set@cites}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Add \texttt{showkeys} coding for \cs{@citex}}
+% Since |\citep|, |\citet|, and |\citealt| are all ultimately defined in
+% terms of the |\@citex| command, the best way to get the \texttt{showkeys}
+% package to handle these is to let it accommodate only |\@citex|. David
+% Carlisle has allowed for \thestyle, but only for |\cite| with variable number
+% of arguments, |\citeauthor|, |\citefullauthor|, and |\citeyear|. Add the
+% necessary coding at the beginning, after we know if \texttt{showkeys}
+% has been loaded or not, and |\@citex| has its final definition.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{showkeys}{%
+\let\SK@citex\@citex
+ \def\@citex[#1][#2]#3{\SK@\SK@@ref{#3}\SK@citex[#1][#2]{#3}}
+}{}}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{The Citations}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citet}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 11}{Add macro for textual cite in numerical mode}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Make this standard textual citation, with notes}
+% Textual citations are made with the |\citet| command, which has a starred
+% form for full authors, and may have one or two optional arguments for notes.
+%
+% This command is equivalent to the older syntex |\cite|\marg{key} without
+% optional arguments, at least in author--year mode. In numerical mode,
+% it prints the authors and then the numerical reference, whereas |\cite|
+% will only print the number. This simplifies the switching between the two
+% modes with minimal changes in text. One wants to replace ``as shown by Jones
+% et~al.\ (1990)'' with ``as shown by Jones et~al.\ [21]''; with |\cite|,
+% one would get ``as shown by [21]''.
+%
+% This is such a practical idea, that I have decided to make it the standard
+% means of textual citing. It now even allows optional notes in textual cites,
+% something that I have been asked to provide, and which is impossible under
+% the old syntex with |\cite|.
+%
+% Note that the flag |\ifNAT@swa| determines if the citation is textual or
+% parenthetical, and |\ifNAT@full| whether abbreviated or full author names
+% are to be printed.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifNAT@full\NAT@fullfalse
+\newif\ifNAT@swa
+%<209>\renewcommand\citet
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citet
+ {\NAT@swafalse
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citet}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citet}}
+\newcommand\NAT@citet{\@ifnextchar[{\NAT@@citet}{\NAT@@citet[]}}
+\newcommand\NAT@@citet{}
+\def\NAT@@citet[#1]{\@ifnextchar[{\NAT@@@citet[#1]}{\NAT@@@citet[][#1]}}
+\newcommand\NAT@@@citet{}
+\def\NAT@@@citet[#1][#2]#3{%
+%<!subpack> \ifNAT@numbers\ifNAT@full\citefullauthor{#3}\else
+%<!subpack> \citeauthor{#3}\fi\ \fi
+ \@citex[#1][#2]{#3}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% This command can only handle single keys (in numerical mode).
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Add macro as shorthand for \cs{cite[]}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Make this standard parenthetical citation,
+% with notes}
+% Parenthetical citations are made with the |\citep| command, which has a
+% starred
+% form for full authors, and may have one or two optional arguments for notes.
+%
+% This command was originally added by special request to be a simplification
+% for |\cite[]|\marg{key}, and I added it grudgingly. After I reprogrammed
+% \thestyle\ to handle author--year and numerical citations with the same
+% \texttt{.bst} file, I needed to add the |\citet| command, and this one
+% became an obvious companion for parenthetical citations. I have now altered
+% its coding to be the standard, being fully equivalent in functionality
+% to the older syntax |\cite|\oarg{pre}\oarg{post}\marg{key}.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\renewcommand\citep
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citep
+ {\NAT@swatrue
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citep}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citep}}
+\newcommand\NAT@citep{\@ifnextchar[{\NAT@@citep}{\NAT@@citep[]}}
+\newcommand\NAT@@citep{}
+\def\NAT@@citep[#1]{\@ifnextchar [{\@citex[#1]}{\@citex[][#1]}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\cite}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add a second optional argument.}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Add starred version to print full author list.}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Replace \cmd{\if@tempswa} with \cmd{\ifNAT@swa}.}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Declare obsolete, retained for compatibility}
+% The |\cite| command was originally used to produce both textual and
+% parenthetical citations; with an option argument, even an empty one,
+% the citation was parenthical. I now recommend the use of |\citet| and
+% |\citep| instead, retaining |\cite| only for compatibility.
+%
+% It is equivalent to |\citep| in numerical mode, so it can in fact be
+% used as standard \LaTeX\ syntax with numerical citations.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\renewcommand\cite
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\cite
+ {\@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@cites}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@cites}}
+\newcommand\NAT@cites{\@ifnextchar [{\NAT@swatrue\NAT@@citep}{\NAT@swafalse
+ \NAT@@citep[]}}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citealt}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 16}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Uses \cs{citet} instead of \cs{cite}}
+% An alternative form of citation is one in which the parentheses are not
+% printed. Since the effect of this command is exactly the same as the
+% regular |\citet| but with |\NAT@open| and |\NAT@close| set to blank,
+% define it just in that way. The starred version for full authors can be
+% retained. Notes are not possible, and would be unnecessary without braces.
+%
+% This form has been added at the request of Alexander Holt, who wishes to
+% be able to print all three flavours: parenthetical, textual with
+% parentheses, and textual without. The |\citealt| command must be able to
+% handle multiple references and use the same punctuation scheme as
+% |\citet|.
+%
+% By defining |\citealt| in terms of |\citet|, not only do I save
+% considerable programming effort, but David Carlisle's \texttt{showkeys}
+% package will work with this command too.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+%<209>\renewcommand\citealt
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citealt
+ {\@ifstar{\NAT@alts}{\NAT@alt}}
+\newcommand\NAT@alt[1]{{\ifNAT@numbers\else
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{}\renewcommand\NAT@close{}\fi\cite{#1}}}
+\newcommand\NAT@alts[1]{{\ifNAT@numbers\else
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{}\renewcommand\NAT@close{}\fi\cite*{#1}}}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeauthor}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add means to cite authors only.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Enclose \cs{@citenm} in braces.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add auxiliary file entry.}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty author}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% \begin{macro}{\citeyear}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add means to cite year only.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add auxiliary file entry.}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty year}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Extra letter also printed with year number}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% In an author--year scheme, it is sometimes necessary to refer to the
+% authors of a work without the year. It might even be necessary to refer
+% to the year alone, but I can hardly imagine that. Both possibilities are
+% allowed for here.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\citeauthor[1]{\if@filesw\immediate\write
+ \@auxout{\string\citation{#1}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `#1' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{#1}\ifx\NAT@noname\NAT@name
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf(author?)}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries(author?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Author undefined for citation `#1'
+%<209> ^^J
+%<!209> \MessageBreak
+ on page \thepage}\else
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{#1}\NAT@name\hyper@natlinkend}\fi}%
+}
+\newcommand\citeyear[1]{\if@filesw\immediate\write
+ \@auxout{\string\citation{#1}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `#1' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{#1}\if\relax\NAT@date\relax
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf(year?)}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries(year?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Year undefined for citation `#1'
+%<209> ^^J
+%<!209> \MessageBreak
+ on page \thepage}\else
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{#1}\NAT@date\hyper@natlinkend}\fi}%
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citefullauthor}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro for those bib styles with full author
+% list available}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty author}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% Some of the author--year bibliography styles supported here (\texttt{harvard}
+% and \texttt{newapa}) allow a citation with the full author list, because
+% they have the necessary information in the |\bibitem| entry. With
+% version~5.3, I change the native form of this entry to allow
+% full authors too.
+%
+% Since I now have a starred form of |\cite| for the full author list, it
+% might be reasonable to use a starred |\citeauthor| instead of
+% |\citefullauthor|. However, that will conflict with the provisions for
+% \thestyle{} to be found in Carlisle's \texttt{showkeys} package. That's life.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\citefullauthor[1]{\if@filesw\immediate\write
+ \@auxout{\string\citation{#1}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `#1' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{#1}\ifx\NAT@noname\NAT@all@names
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf(author?)}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries(author?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Author undefined for citation `#1'
+%<209> ^^J
+%<!209> \MessageBreak
+ on page \thepage}\else
+ {\hyper@natlinkstart{#1}\NAT@all@names\hyper@natlinkend}\fi}%
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Parsing the Author--Year Entries}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@parse}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add parsing command, with additional
+% font and sub-accent commands relaxed}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{For \LaTeXe{} of \texttt{1994/06/01},
+% can protect font and sub-accents much better}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 24}{2.09 version to run in compatibility mode}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add full author list}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Support starred version of \cs{cite} for full
+% author list}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 26}{Use \cs{@unexpandable@protect} in place of
+% \cs{noexpand}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Call \cs{@parse@date} to split date into year and
+% extra label}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Rename from \cs{@cite@parse}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Remove \cs{relax} from expanded \cs{@tempa}
+% definition; no longer needed under new system}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Prevent expansion of forced space (tilde)}
+% The |\bibcite| commands in the auxiliary file associate the numerical and
+% author--year information with the |\bibitem| key, which is the argument to
+% |\NAT@parse|. As of version~6.0, the information is stored in
+% |\b@|\emph{key} for each citation, as four separate items.
+% \begin{quote}\begin{tabular}{lll}
+% 1. & |\NAT@num| & sequence number or non-author--year label \\
+% 2. & |\NAT@date| & year, with possible extra label \\
+% 3. & |\NAT@name| & short author list \\
+% 4. & |\NAT@all@names| & long author list (optional)
+% \end{tabular}\end{quote}
+% In order to define each of the above commands as the appropriate item, it
+% is first necessary to expand |\b@|\emph{key} into a temporary command
+% |\NAT@temp|, which is then used as the argument of |\NAT@split|, which
+% makes the individual assignments.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@parse[1]{{%
+%<*209>
+ \@ifundefined{documentclass}
+ {\let\prm=\relax\let\psf=\relax\let\ptt=\relax\let\pbf=\relax
+ \let\psl=\relax\let\psc=\relax\let\pit=\relax\let\pem=\relax
+ \let\prmfamily=\relax\let\psffamily=\relax\let\pttfamily=\relax
+ \let\pbfseries=\relax\let\pslshape=\relax\let\pscshape=\relax
+ \let\pitshape=\relax\let\pmdseries=\relax\let\pupshape=\relax
+ \let\pc=\relax \let\pd=\relax \let\pb=\relax}
+ {\let\protect=\@unexpandable@protect\let~\relax}%
+%</209>
+%<!209> \let\protect=\@unexpandable@protect\let~\relax
+ \xdef\NAT@temp{\csname b@#1\@extra@b@citeb\endcsname}}%
+ \expandafter\NAT@split\NAT@temp
+ \expandafter\NAT@parse@date\NAT@date??????@@%
+%<!subpack&!209> \ifciteindex\NAT@index\fi
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Some further notes on the above: for 2.09 it is necessary to turn off all the
+% protected font commands |\prm| etc.\ when the label text is expanded into
+% |\NAT@temp|, for otherwise there will be problems with the New Font
+% Selection Scheme (NFSS); the protected sub-accent commands (protected
+% versions of |\c|, |\d|, and |\b|) also cause troubles on expansion.
+% Admittedly, this is not a good solution, for the list of problem commands
+% might be much longer, but for the meantime, this will have to do.
+%
+% For \LaTeXe, at least after the official release of
+% \texttt{1994/06/01}, commands are made robust in a totally different
+% manner, no longer by adding a \texttt{p} in front, but by adding a space
+% afterwards. This means the commands in the auxiliary files look like the
+% protected version once again, and not raw commands. They are infinitely
+% protected. The above problem is easily overcome by making |\protect|
+% equal to |\@unexpandable@protect|. A definitive list of commands to
+% protect is no longer necessary. (Initially I used |\noexpand|, but
+% that only worked for font commands, not accents. Reading the documentation
+% in \texttt{ltdefns.dtx} indicated that this is the better redefinition
+% of |\protect|.)
+%
+% This trick is also applied to the 2.09 version for when it is running
+% in the compatibility mode of \LaTeXe. This is needed for the
+% journal-specific coding, more than for the normal package.
+%
+% The automatic indexing of citations (|\NAT@index|) is described in
+% Section~\ref{sec:idx}.
+%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@split}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Changed to support full author list}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Fix coding slightly}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Renamed from \cs{@citez}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for new \cs{bibcite} structure}
+% The actual assignments of the author--year and numerical label texts to
+% the corresponding commands is carried out by |\NAT@split|. If the long
+% author list is missing (argument |#4|), it is set equal to the short
+% list.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@split[4]{%
+ \gdef\NAT@num{#1}\gdef\NAT@name{#3}\gdef\NAT@date{#2}%
+ \gdef\NAT@all@names{#4}%
+ \ifx\NAT@noname\NAT@all@names \gdef\NAT@all@names{#3}\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@parse@date}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Add macro to split date into year and extra label}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Put extra label in braces to localize any font
+% changes}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Rename from \cs{@parse@date}}
+% With version 5.4, add the macro |\NAT@parse@date| that splits the date up
+% into year and extra label, putting them into |\NAT@year| and |\NAT@exlab|.
+% This is used to test if authors and years are equal for two adjacent
+% citations, in which case, only the extra label is printed. The
+% macro searches the first 4 characters of the date for a letter
+% (|\catcode|=11) which then becomes the extra label. If there are only
+% numerals in the first 4 positions (more precisely, non-letters), the 5th
+% character is taken as extra label. If there is none, this will be a
+% question mark.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@parse@date{}
+\def\NAT@parse@date#1#2#3#4#5#6@@{%
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#1=11\def\NAT@year{}\def\NAT@exlab{#1}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#2=11\def\NAT@year{#1}\def\NAT@exlab{#2}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#3=11\def\NAT@year{#1#2}\def\NAT@exlab{#3}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#4=11\def\NAT@year{#1#2#3}\def\NAT@exlab{#4}\else
+ \def\NAT@year{#1#2#3#4}\def\NAT@exlab{{#5}}\fi\fi\fi\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Automatic Index Entries for Citations}\label{sec:idx}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@idxtxt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@index}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add macro}
+% To make an entry in the index for every citation, I have added
+% |\NAT@index| to the |\NAT@parse| command. This will do nothing unless
+% |\makeindex| has been issued in the preamble, in which case it writes the
+% citation information to the \texttt{.idx} file by means of the standard
+% \LaTeX\ internal |\@wrindex|. The actual format of the citation
+% information is contained in |\NAT@idxtxt| which a user may redefine if
+% needed.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\newcommand\NAT@index{}
+\let\NAT@makeindex=\makeindex
+\renewcommand\makeindex{\NAT@makeindex
+ \renewcommand\NAT@index{\@bsphack\begingroup
+ \def~{\string~}\@wrindex{\NAT@idxtxt}}}
+\newcommand\NAT@idxtxt{\NAT@name\ \NAT@open\NAT@date\NAT@close}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifciteindex}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add flag}
+% The switch for activating automatic citation indexing is defined here.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifciteindex \citeindexfalse
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeindextype}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 29}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@index@alt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 29}{Add macro}
+% The above coding will not work with the package \texttt{index.sty} by
+% David~M. Jones. For that package, an alternative definition of |\NAT@index|
+% is needed which is activated at the beginning of the document if
+% \texttt{index} has been loaded. It thus does not matter in which order
+% \thestyle\ or \texttt{index} are loaded.
+%
+% With the \texttt{index} package, it is possible to have several index
+% files, defined by a |\newindex| command that associates a name with two
+% file extensions. By default, the name \texttt{default} is associated with
+% \texttt{.idx} and \texttt{.ind}. To make the automatic index entries go to
+% a different set, redefine |\citeindextype|.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\citeindextype{default}
+\newcommand\NAT@index@alt{{\let\protect=\noexpand\let~\relax
+ \xdef\NAT@temp{\NAT@idxtxt}}\expandafter\NAT@exp\NAT@temp\@nil}
+\newcommand\NAT@exp{}
+\def\NAT@exp#1\@nil{\index[\citeindextype]{#1}}
+
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\@ifpackageloaded{index}{\let\NAT@index=\NAT@index@alt}{}}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Writing the Entries to the Auxiliary File}
+%
+% \noindent(New to version 6.0.)
+%
+% The author--year information is transferred from the \btx{} database to
+% the document via |\bibitem| commands in the |thebibliography|
+% environment. Standard \LaTeX\ simply assigns a running number to these
+% entries, and writes that number with the citation key to the auxiliary
+% file. For author--year citations, the author list and year must be written
+% somehow to the auxiliary file. The form for this is to be
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibcite|\marg{key}|{|\marg{num}\marg{year}\marg{short}\marg{long}|}|
+% \end{quote}
+% This is the same form as in standard \LaTeX, except that the second
+% argument becomes a set of 4 items. Here \emph{num} is the sequential
+% number that is to be used if a numerical style is selected, \emph{short}
+% is the abbreviate author list (Jones et al.), \emph{long} the full author
+% list.
+%
+% The author--year information is contained in the optional argument to
+% |\bibitem|, but just how it is formatted depends on the system used. The
+% native \thestyle\ syntax is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[|\emph{short}|(|\emph{year}|)|\emph{long}|]|\marg{key}
+% \end{quote}
+% while the \texttt{chicago} system is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear|\marg{long}\marg{short}\marg{year}|]|%
+% \marg{key}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@ifcmd}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@ifxcmd}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% It is necessary to process the optional argument by first testing if it
+% contains a command, and if so, to execute that command. Otherwise, insert
+% our own command to process the following text.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@ifcmd{\futurelet\NAT@temp\NAT@ifxcmd}
+\newcommand\NAT@ifxcmd{\ifx\NAT@temp\relax\else\expandafter\NAT@bare\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% This actually only tests if the next token expands to |\relax|, which is
+% what |\protect| will be at this point. If so, just procede: the command
+% itself follows. Otherwise, insert |\NAT@bare|. (Note, we must also define
+% the possible commands like |\citeauthoryear| to do what we want.)
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bare}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% The command that is inserted if none is present must parse the native
+% syntax for the author--year information. The template is somewhat complex
+% because it must be able to test if there are no parentheses at all, in
+% which case it activates the alternative, |\NAT@apalk| for the
+% \texttt{apalike} syntax. When |\NAT@ifcmd| is invoked, it adds
+% |()()\@nil| in order to provide the full template of |\NAT@bare|; if the
+% argument itself contains no text in parentheses (not \thestyle{}
+% syntax) then |#2| will be empty; otherwise, |#4| catches the extra
+% parentheses.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\def\NAT@bare#1(#2)#3()#4\@nil#5{%
+%<*all|apalike|authordate>
+ \if\relax#2\relax
+ \expandafter\NAT@apalk#1, , \@nil{#5}\else
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}%
+%</all|apalike|authordate>
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{#3}{#5}
+%<all|apalike|authordate>\fi
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The |NAT@ctr| above contains the designation of whatever counter is
+% selected in the list environment for the \texttt{thebibliography}; it is
+% the sequential counter for the entries.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@wrout}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@noname}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Prevent expansion of forced space (tilde)}
+% Write the information to the auxiliary file as two arguments to |\bibcite|.
+%
+% Note: the 5 arguments are: counter, year, short list, long list, key.
+% The two author lists are written enclosed in braces to make sure any
+% font commands are kept local. Otherwise, one level of braces disappears for
+% authors like |{\em Jones}|.
+%
+% To test later for the absence of names, define |\NAT@noname| here.
+% Define it with |\def|, otherwise it will be `long' and will not test
+% correctly with |\NAT@all@names| which is defined with |\gdef|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@wrout[5]{%
+\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand\let~\relax
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#5}{{#1}{#2}{{#3}}{{#4}}}}}\fi
+\ignorespaces}
+\def\NAT@noname{{}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibitem}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode from standard}
+% \begin{macro}{\@lbibitem}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode from standard}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% The above commands are initiated with |\NAT@ifcmd| which decides whether
+% |\NAT@bare| or one of the other commands is to be executed on the
+% following arguments. It is actually |\@lbibitem| that calls |\NAT@ifcmd|,
+% which in turn is invoked by the user command |\bibitem|.
+%
+% If |\bibitem| has no optional argument, then we have a numerical citation
+% style, which is to be forced by setting |\NAT@stdbst|. Put the sequential
+% counter value in as the argument to |\@lbibitem| which is then treated as
+% a non-author--year label.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\renewcommand\bibitem{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@lbibitem}{%
+%<!subpack> \global\NAT@stdbsttrue
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\@lbibitem[\arabic{NAT@ctr}]}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Write the label with |\item| in the bibliography listing with the current
+% value of |\NAT@num|, if it exists. This will either be the sequential
+% number or whatever non-author--year text that was given as a special
+% `numerical'. Since |\@biblabel| outputs only in numerical mode, this
+% label vanishes for author--year mode.
+%
+% Finally invoke |\NAT@ifcmd| with the funny template to activate
+% |\NAT@bare| or some alternative.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{%
+ \@ifundefined{b@#2\@extra@b@citeb}{\def\NAT@num{}}{\NAT@parse{#2}}%
+ \item[\hfil\hyper@natanchorstart{#2}\@biblabel{\NAT@num}%
+ \hyper@natanchorend]%
+ \NAT@ifcmd#1()()\@nil{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Note: in standard \LaTeX, the sequential list counter is printed directly
+% with |\item|, and then written to the auxiliary file so that |\cite| can
+% refer to it on the next run. Here, |\item| prints exactly the same thing
+% as |\cite| on the current run, if we are in numerical mode, otherwise
+% nothing.
+%
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 10}{Include \texttt{showkeys} coding if already
+% loaded}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 27}{Remove from 2.09 coding}
+% If the \texttt{showkeys} package has already been loaded, the revised
+% version of |\@lbibitem| will not have been saved. In this case, rerun some
+% of the coding from that package. (If \texttt{showkeys} is loaded after
+% \thestyle, there is no problem.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\@ifpackageloaded{showkeys}{%
+ \let\SK@lbibitem\@lbibitem
+ \def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{%
+ \SK@lbibitem[#1]{#2}\SK@\SK@@label{#2}\ignorespaces}}{}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@stdbst}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add flag}
+% If any non-author--year |\bibitem|s have been issued, then force
+% numerical mode, since the author--year |\bibitem|s can handle this, but
+% the numerical ones cannot work in author--year mode. Do this by inserting
+% |\NAT@numberstrue| in the auxiliary file.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newif\ifNAT@stdbst \NAT@stdbstfalse
+
+%<209>\let\NAT@enddoc=\enddocument
+%<209>\def\enddocument
+%<!209>\AtEndDocument
+ {\ifNAT@stdbst\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string
+ \global\string\NAT@numberstrue}\fi\fi
+%<209>\NAT@enddoc
+ }
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibcite}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 5}{Add own coding for this macro}
+% \changes{6.1a}{1995 Dec 19}{Add own test for changed citations}
+% Not wanting to rely on the coding for |\bibcite| in the kernel, I define
+% it myself. It is not enough just to `provide' it, for it must do the
+% right thing: write a label named |\b@|\emph{key}. The \LaTeX3 boys
+% might decide to keep the command, but have it store the citations with
+% a different prefix.
+%
+% (I outsmarted myself here again. The test for changed citations and
+% references involves reading in the auxiliary file with revised
+% definitions for |\label| and |\bibcite|. The December~1995 release does
+% this via a generalized labelling command |\@newl@bel|. As a result, I
+% must add this test myself. Not so bad, because the warning comes from
+% \thestyle\ and explicitly refers to citations instead of just
+% `references'.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\bibcite{}
+\renewcommand\bibcite[2]{\@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@binfo}\relax
+ {\NAT@citemultiple
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{Citation `#1' multiply defined}}%
+ \global\@namedef{b@#1\@extra@binfo}{#2}}
+\AtEndDocument{\NAT@swatrue\renewcommand\bibcite[2]%
+ {\NAT@testdef{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand\NAT@testdef[2]{%
+ \def\NAT@temp{#2}\expandafter \ifx \csname b@#1\@extra@binfo\endcsname
+ \NAT@temp \else \ifNAT@swa \NAT@swafalse
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{Citation(s) may have
+ changed.\MessageBreak
+ Rerun to get citations correct}\fi\fi}
+%</!209>
+%<209>\renewcommand\bibcite[2]{\global\@namedef{b@#1\@extra@binfo}{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Other Author--Year Schemes}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@apalk}
+% \changes{4.1}{1993 Oct 4}{Simplify by using comma-space as separator}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Full author list equals short list}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Renamed from \cs{@citeapalk}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recoded for version~6.0}
+% If the argument of |\bibitem| contains no command, and if it does not
+% conform to the \thestyle{} syntax, then try the \texttt{apalike}
+% syntax (\emph{short}\texttt{, }\emph{year}). This has a funny template
+% too in order to test for different syntax, which is indicated when |#2|
+% is empty. In this case, give up trying to fit it to author--year formats,
+% and go over to `numerical' with a special label. Set the flag
+% |\NAT@stdbst| to mark this. This forces a numerical citation style.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*all|apalike|authordate>
+\newcommand\NAT@apalk{}
+\def\NAT@apalk#1, #2, #3\@nil#4{\if\relax#2\relax
+%<!subpack> \global\NAT@stdbsttrue
+ \NAT@wrout{#1}{}{}{}{#4}\else
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}%
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#4}\fi}
+%</all|apalike|authordate>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Note: the |NAT@ctr| is stepped here and everywhere else it is used,
+% except when a special `numerical' label is being used. This conforms to
+% standard \LaTeX\ which only increments the counter for pure numerical
+% labels, without an optional argument to |\bibitem|.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% The other schemes of citation labelling may also be accommodated, more
+% easily than \texttt{apalike}. It is just necessary to define the particular
+% commands, like |\citeauthoryear| to write the arguments to the
+% auxiliary file in the required. These commands are detected by
+% |\NAT@ifcmd| and simply left to be executed.
+%
+% The only complication is that |\citeauthoryear| may be given with two or
+% three arguments. This is accommodated by testing the |#3| and changing
+% the form of the write command accordingly.
+%
+% The form of the template is the same as for |\NAT@bare|, since this
+% command is inserted in its place and must therefore conform to its
+% syntax.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeauthoryear}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Allow full authors in citation}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% For \texttt{newapa.bst} itself, the commands |\citestarts|, |\citeends|,
+% as well as |\betweenauthors| must be defined; for others in this group,
+% these commands are not needed.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*newapa|chicago|all>
+\newcommand\citeauthoryear{}
+\def\citeauthoryear#1#2#3()()\@nil#4{\stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\if\relax#3\relax
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#4}\else
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#3}{#2}{#1}{#4}\fi}
+\newcommand\citestarts{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\citeends{\NAT@close}
+\newcommand\betweenauthors{and}
+%</newapa|chicago|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\astroncite}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% The |\astroncite| command must similarly conform to |\NAT@bare| syntax
+% and put its arguments into the auxiliary file in the correct order.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*astron|all>
+\newcommand\astroncite{}
+\def\astroncite#1#2()()\@nil#3{\stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\NAT@wrout{\arabic
+{NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#3}}
+%</astron|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citename}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% The |\citename| command just converts its arguments to the |\NAT@apalk|
+% syntax, since its first argument should end in \verb*!, ! as for
+% \texttt{apalike}. By making use of |\NAT@apalk| here, it is also possible
+% to check for non-conformity of the syntax.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*authordate|all>
+\newcommand\citename{}
+\def\citename#1#2()()\@nil#3{\expandafter\NAT@apalk#1#2, \@nil{#3}}
+%</authordate|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\harvarditem}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Allow full authors in citation}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Defined in \LaTeXe\ terms}
+% The Harvard family is allowed for simply by defining |\harvarditem| in
+% terms of |\bibitem| with the \thestyle{} form.
+%
+% The |\harvarditem| must allow for the optional argument, which is
+% the short author list. Use the short list in |\bibitem| if it is there,
+% otherwise the long list must be taken.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*harvard|all>
+%<!209>\newcommand\harvarditem[4][]%
+%<209>\def\harvarditem{\@ifnextchar[{\@harvarditem}{\@harvarditem[]}}
+%<209>\def\@harvarditem[#1]#2#3#4%
+ {\if\relax#1\relax\bibitem[#2(#3)]{#4}\else
+ \bibitem[#1(#3)#2]{#4}\fi }
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The command |\citeasnoun| must be defined since \texttt{harvard.bst}
+% can add it for cross-referencing.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardleft}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardright}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardyearleft}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardyearright}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardand}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardurl}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% The \texttt{harvard} package has been updated for \LaTeXe, and includes
+% some new punctuation commands in the accompanying \texttt{bst} files.
+% (Maybe they were always there and I overlooked them.) In order for
+% \thestyle{} to work with these, it needs to define them. The |left| and
+% |right| commands have equivalents already; |\harvardurl| is defined
+% as in \texttt{harvard.sty}. It is necessary to define |\harvardand|
+% conditionally, and only later, in case it has already been set to
+% something else by a |\bibstyle@xxx| (e.g., \texttt{agsm} sets it
+% to |\&|.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\harvardleft{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\harvardright{\NAT@close}
+\newcommand\harvardyearleft{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\harvardyearright{\NAT@close}
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\providecommand{\harvardand}{and}}
+%<209>\def\harvardand{and}
+\newcommand\harvardurl[1]{\textbf{URL:} \textit{##1}}
+%</harvard|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{The Bibliography Listing}
+% Changes must be made to the \texttt{thebibliography} environment for
+% author--year citations. This is done be defining the environment with the
+% features common to both schemes, and then by invoking |\@bibsetup|, which
+% is either the author--year or numerical version.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibsection}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Make specific for JGR, GRL, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Use \cs{renewcommand}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Apr 15}{Modified for \texttt{amsart} and \texttt{amsbook}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Modified for \texttt{sectionbib} option}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Feb 5}{Allow for \cs{bib@headings} in KOMA scripts}
+% First, |\bibsection| is defined according to the main style: if chapters
+% exist, then the bibliography is a numberless chapter, otherwise a
+% numberless section. For the specific journals, |\bibsection| takes on
+% special definitions.
+%
+% Since the AMS classes \texttt{amsart} and \texttt{amsbook} redefine
+% |\section*| in a way that is incompatible with the way it is used in
+% the \texttt{bibliographystyle} environment, it is necessary to remove the
+% |\@mkboth| from the section title. Since these classes do not use this
+% command at this point, there is no loss of functionality.
+%
+% The packages of the KOMA scripts make use of |\bib@heading| which functions
+% much like |\bibsection|. If it is defined, let |\bibsection| be equal to it.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!agu&!egs>
+%<!209>\providecommand\bibsection{}
+%<209>\def\bibsection{}
+\@ifundefined{chapter}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}}}}
+ {\@ifundefined{NAT@sectionbib}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\chapter*{\bibname
+ \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}}}}
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\bibname
+ \ifx\@mkboth\@gobbletwo\else\markright{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}\fi}}}}
+%<*!subpack>
+%<*!209>
+\@ifclassloaded{amsart}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\refname}}{}}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{amsbook}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\bibname}}{}}{}
+%</!209>
+\@ifundefined{bib@heading}{}{\let\bibsection\bib@heading}
+%</!subpack>
+%</!agu&!egs>
+%<egs>\def\bibsection{\if@draft\newpage\fi
+%<egs> \noappendix\section*{\refname}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{environment}{thebibliography}
+% \changes{4.1b}{1993 Oct 18}{Add \cmd{\bibfont}, defaulted
+% to \cmd{\relax}}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Add coding for JGR, GRL, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Nov 20}{Remove coding for AGU, since AGU-supplied
+% coding is adequate but different}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Put \cmd{\bibfont} at start so \cmd{\list}
+% uses list parameters appropriate for the font size}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Add \cmd{\if@openbib} as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Add special cross-ref citations for compatibility
+% with \texttt{harvard}, \texttt{chicago}, and \texttt{named}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Replace \cs{if@openbib} with \cs{ifNAT@openbib}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Replace counter \texttt{enumiv} with
+% \texttt{NAT@ctr} and refer to it explicitly, not with \cs{@listctr}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Use \cs{PackageWarning} for empty
+% bibliography}
+%
+% The \texttt{thebibliography} environment is defined much as normal, except
+% that |\bibsetup| contains the special features for numerical or
+% author--year styles. The command |\bibfont| permits permits different
+% font sizes or styles to be used in the list. For example, for
+% \textsl{Nonlinear Processes} it is |\small|. This means |\bibfont| must
+% be issued before the |\list| command, since the list parameters depend
+% on the current font size. For \textsl{AGU}, the whole
+% |\thebibliography| is left off, since the AGU-supplied coding will
+% do. It is only necessary to add |\noappendix| to the AGU coding.
+%
+% I have replaced |\if@openbib| with |\ifNAT@openbib| in order to be
+% independent of the standard classes; this flag disappeared with the
+% December~1995 release of \LaTeX, so I do it myself just to be sure.
+%
+% At the same time,
+% I have also decided to use my own counter |NAT@ctr| for the numericals;
+% previously I used |enumiv| as in the standard, and refered to it
+% elsewhere with |\@listctr|, but now I refer to it explicitly. This is to
+% avoid trouble if |\@listctr| should ever disappear. (The value of
+% |\@listctr| is set by |\usecounter|.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcounter{NAT@ctr}
+%<*!agu>
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{%
+ \bibfont\bibsection\parindent \z@\list
+ {\@biblabel{\arabic{NAT@ctr}}}{\@bibsetup{#1}%
+ \setcounter{NAT@ctr}{0}}%
+%<*!209&!subpack>
+ \ifNAT@openbib
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}
+ \else
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
+ \fi
+%</!209&!subpack>
+%<209|subpack> \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus.33em minus.07em}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
+ \sfcode`\.=1000\relax
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The files \texttt{chicago.bst} and \texttt{named.bst} can add the
+% commands |\citeN| and |\shortcite| respectively to the \texttt{.bbl}
+% files, for cross-referencing. Similarly, \texttt{harvard.bst} can add
+% |\citeasnoun|. These commands must therefore be accommodated,
+% as least within the |thebibliography| environment.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<newapa|chicago|all> \let\citeN\cite \let\shortcite\cite
+%<harvard|all> \let\citeasnoun\cite
+ }{\def\@noitemerr{%
+%<209> \@warning
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist\vskip-\lastskip}
+%<!egs>\let\bibfont=\relax
+%<egs>\let\bibfont=\small
+%</!agu>
+%<*agu>
+\let\aguthebib=\thebibliography
+\def\thebibliography#1{\noappendix\aguthebib{#1}}
+%</agu>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{environment}
+%
+% \subsection{Compatibility Commands}
+% \begin{macro}{\reset@font}
+% \begin{macro}{\refname}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 18}{Provide name with \LaTeXe\ too}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibname}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 18}{Provide name with \LaTeXe\ too}
+% For older implementations of \LaTeX~2.09 (before December, 1991) the
+% |\reset@font| command does not exist. It is defined to be |\relax| under
+% normal \LaTeX{}, but does more under NFSS. In case it is not defined, add
+% it here. The naming commands |\bibname| and |\refname| are similarly
+% unknown for this old \LaTeX. They are sometimes even unknown in non-standard
+% classes that are used in place of \texttt{article}, \texttt{report}, and
+% \texttt{book}.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\reset@font{\relax}
+\providecommand\bibname{Bibliography}
+\providecommand\refname{References}
+%</!209>
+%<*209>
+\@ifundefined{reset@font}{\let\reset@font=\relax}{}
+%<!agu&!egs>\@ifundefined{bibname}{\newcommand\bibname{Bibliography}}{}
+\@ifundefined{refname}{\newcommand\refname{References}}{}
+%</209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citeundefined}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Add macro}
+% The December~1995 release of \LaTeX\ considered renaming the command
+% |\G@refundefinedtrue| for flagging undefined references. However, since a
+% number of packages, including \thestyle, were affected, it was decided to
+% retain the old name for the new coding. I had already decided to go for
+% an independent coding, which does exactly the same thing.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\newcommand\NAT@citeundefined{\gdef \NAT@undefined {%
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{There were undefined citations}}}
+\let \NAT@undefined \relax
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citemultiple}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 6}{Add macro}
+% Add the warning about multiply-defined citations, as part of the
+% do-it-yourself |\bibcite| definition.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@citemultiple{\gdef \NAT@multiple {%
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{There were multiply defined citations}}}
+\let \NAT@multiple \relax
+\AtEndDocument{\NAT@undefined\NAT@multiple}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@mkboth}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Provide macro in case it is removed from
+% kernel}
+% Having been burned by the December~1995 update on several internal
+% commands, I have decided to make \thestyle\ as independent as
+% possible, or at least to avoid it crashing when internals are changed or
+% disappear in future. The |\@mkboth| is used in the bibliography listing,
+% and is the same as |\makeboth| with \texttt{headings} pagestyle. Provide
+% a dummy in case it disappears. If the kernel should use a different
+% command in future, the headings will not function, but at least there
+% will be no crash. (Also needed for very old versions of \LaTeX~2.09.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\@ifundefined{@mkboth}{\newcommand\@markboth[2]{}}{}
+%<!209>\providecommand\@mkboth[2]{}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\MakeUppercase}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Provide compatibility for older versions}
+% The |\MakeUppercase| command replaces |\uppercase| in \LaTeXe\ of
+% June~1995. Provide it for earlier versions.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\let\MakeUppercase\uppercase
+%<!209>\providecommand\MakeUppercase{\uppercase}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@extra@b@citeb}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add macro for \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
+% \begin{macro}{\@extra@binfo}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add macro for \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
+% Two commands used by the \texttt{chapterbib} package, but which must
+% be defined to be nothing for use without that package. Do not |\let| them
+% be |\relax|, for that package checks if they exist (i.e., not |\relax|)
+% and redefines things like |\@citex|, which we do not want to have happen.
+% The necessary redefinitions are already included in \thestyle.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\@ifundefined{@extra@b@citeb}{\def\@extra@b@citeb{}}{}
+%<!209>\providecommand{\@extra@b@citeb}{}
+\gdef\@extra@binfo{}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natanchorstart}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natanchorend}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natlinkstart}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natlinkend}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% The \texttt{hyperref} package of Sebastian Rahtz and Yannis Haralambous
+% defines these macros to
+% make hypertext links and references. Without that package, these macros
+% must be turned off. The order of loading \thestyle\ and \texttt{hyperref}
+% should not be important.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\hyper@natanchorstart[1]{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natanchorend{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natlinkstart[1]{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natlinkend{}
+%</!209>
+%<*209>
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natanchorstart}{\def\hyper@natanchorstart#1{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natanchorend}{\def\hyper@natanchorend{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natlinkstart}{\def\hyper@natlinkstart#1{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natlinkend}{\def\hyper@natlinkend{}}{}
+%</209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Sorting and Compression of Numbers}
+% The \texttt{cite} and (obsolete) \texttt{citesort} packages by Donald
+% Arseneau provide the coding for printing multiple citation numbers in
+% ascending order, and with a range where applicable. That is, if the
+% normal result of |\cite{..}| with several keys were [5, 3, 8, 4], the new
+% result would be [3--5, 8].
+%
+% Since \texttt{cite.sty} totally reimplements the citation commands (as
+% does \thestyle) it is not possible to make the two compatible. Instead, I
+% have removed the necessary coding from \texttt{cite.sty}, converted it to
+% \thestyle\ format, and added it here.
+%
+% To activate the sorting and compression of numerical citations, load
+% \thestyle\ with the options \texttt{numbers,sort}.
+% This coding has no effect on author--year citations.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citen}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 11}{Add coding from \texttt{cite.sty}}
+% It is not included in the \LaTeX~2.09 version, nor in the journal packages
+% since it is turned on by a package option, something missing in both of
+% them. Besides, the journals are author--year mode.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\ifnum\NAT@sort=1
+\newcommand\NAT@citen[1]{%
+\nocite{#1}%
+\@tempcntb\m@ne
+\let\@h@ld\relax
+\let\@citea\@empty
+\let\@celt\delimiter
+\def\@cite@list{}%
+\@for \@citeb:=#1\do{\@make@cite@list}%
+\@tempcnta\m@ne
+\let\@celt\@compress@cite \@cite@list
+\@h@ld}
+
+\begingroup \catcode`\_=8
+\gdef\@make@cite@list{%
+ \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+ \@citea{\reset@font\bfseries?}\def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+ \NAT@citeundefined\PackageWarning{natcite}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage\space undefined}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{\@citeb}%
+ \ifcat _\ifnum\z@<0\NAT@num _\else A\fi % a positive number, put in list
+ \@tempcnta\NAT@num \relax
+ \ifnum \@tempcnta>\@tempcntb % new highest, add to end (efficiently)
+ \edef\@cite@list{\@cite@list \@celt{\NAT@num}}%
+ \@tempcntb\@tempcnta
+ \else % arbitrary number: insert appropriately
+ \edef\@cite@list{\expandafter\@sort@celt \@cite@list \@gobble @}%
+ \fi
+ \else % citation is not a number, output immediately
+ \@citea \NAT@num \def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+ \fi}}
+\endgroup
+
+\def\@compress@cite#1{%
+ \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
+ \ifnum #1=\@tempcnta
+ \ifx\@h@ld\relax
+ \edef\@h@ld{\@citea #1}%
+ \else
+ \def\@h@ld{\hbox{--}\penalty\@m #1}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \@h@ld \@citea #1\let\@h@ld\relax
+ \fi \@tempcnta#1\def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+}
+
+\def\@sort@celt#1#2{\ifx \@celt #1%
+ \ifnum #2<\@tempcnta
+ \@celt{#2}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\@sort@celt
+ \else
+ \@celt{\number\@tempcnta}\@celt{#2}%
+ \fi\fi}
+\def\NAT@citexnum[#1][#2]#3{\let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\NAT@citen{#3}}{#1}{#2}}
+\fi
+%</!subpack&!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Local Configuration}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add reading in of \texttt{natbib.cfg}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Local configuration read in at end}
+% To accommodate local additional |\bibstyle@| definitions,
+% or any other modifications to the coding, read in
+% configuration file \texttt{natbib.cfg} if it exists.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\InputIfFileExists{natbib.cfg}
+ {\typeout{Local config file natbib.cfg used}}{}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+%</package>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \Finale
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/natbib.ins b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/natbib.ins
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a55f912909
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/natbib.ins
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+%% LaTeX2e file `natbib.ins'
+%% generated by the `filecontents' environment
+%% from source `natbib' on 1996/10/11.
+%%
+% Simply TeX or LaTeX this file to extract various files from
+% the source file `natbib.dtx'
+% Comment out the \generateFile lines for any files you do not want.
+
+\def\batchfile{natbib.ins}
+\input docstrip
+
+\preamble
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+<<<<< End of decommented file <<<<<<
+\endpostamble
+\keepsilent
+
+\generateFile{natbib.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the LaTeX 2.09 version of the package.
+It will not be maintained forever.
+Please upgrade to LaTeX2e so that you may use the proper package.
+
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+
+\endpreamble
+
+% Activate the next line to get a version for running under LaTeX 2.09
+%\generateFile{natbib209.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all,209}}
+
+\preamble
+
+This is the driver file to produce the LaTeX documentation from the
+source file \inFileName.
+Make changes to it as needed. (Never change the \inFileName file!)
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+
+End of documentation driver file.
+\endpostamble
+
+% Activate the next line for a documentation driver
+% that you can configure yourself.
+%\generateFile{natbib.drv}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{driver}}
+
+\obeyspaces
+\Msg{*******************************************}%
+\Msg{* For documentation, process natbib.dtx *}%
+\Msg{* or the driver file natbib.drv *}%
+\Msg{* (LaTeX2e only!) *}%
+\Msg{*******************************************}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/readme.txt b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..07683ba503
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+% readme.txt
+% LaTeX class for Structural Optimization
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for Structural Optimization
+
+For a quick entry to the Structural Optimization-formatting and if you
+are already familiar with the SVJour class you need only the three files:
+svjour.cls, svstropt.clo, and template.tex - natbib.sty should be
+available in TeXs search path.
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ readme.txt This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf)
+ svstropt.clo The class option file for Structural Optimization
+ natbib.dtx The natbib package of Patrick W. Daly.
+ Typeset this file for complete documentation of natbib.
+ natbib.ins Run the file natbib.ins with LaTeX to produce natbib.sty
+ stroptgd.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+ psoutput.zip PS files of the above mentioned DVIs,
+ compressed due to their size. The file example.ps
+ contains a ready to print version that can be produced
+ at the publisher only, when page numbers are fixed
+
+
+ subdirectory: example (contains all data of a sample article)
+
+ example.* Example of an article (tex, dvi, ps [in psoutput.zip],
+ and pdf). example.pdf contains a ready to print version
+ that can be produced at the publisher only, when page
+ numbers are fixed. Like example.ps it also uses the
+ final fonts namely PostScript Times.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/stroptgd.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/stroptgd.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..044b3fbf17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/stroptgd.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/stroptgd.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/stroptgd.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fba4ee93d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/stroptgd.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\makeatletter
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
+\renewenvironment{decl}[1][]%
+ {\par\small\addvspace{2.3ex}%
+ \vskip -\parskip
+ \ifx\relax#1\relax
+ \def\@decl@date{}%
+ \else
+ \def\@decl@date{\NEWfeature{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\hspace{-\leftmargini}%
+ \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\ignorespaces}%
+ {\\\hline\end{tabular}\nobreak\@decl@date\par\nobreak
+ \vspace{2.3ex plus 1ex}\vskip -\parskip}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+%
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parskip 0\p@ \@plus 1\p@
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \topsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@\relax}
+\@listI
+\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount}
+\makeatother
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class user's guide\\supplement for\\
+\textit{Structural Optimization}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1999, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{3 March 2000}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{stropt} option for the \SJour\
+\LaTeXe\ document class. For details on manuscript handling and the
+reviewing process we refer to the \emph{Instructions for authors} which
+can be found at the Internet address
+ \texttt{http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00158/index.htm}
+via the link ``About this Journal" and in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{User's guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Structural Optimization} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[stropt]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described in
+the main \emph{User's guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class standard}
+
+As the address of the author appears as a footnote on the first page
+of your article and the author name is also repeated there the
+construction with \verb|\and| does not work. Hence do not use the
+\verb|\and| command in the \verb|\author{...}| as well as in the
+\verb|\institute{...}| field. The \verb|\inst| command has
+propagated from the author field to the institute field.
+
+If there are authors with different addresses the affiliations
+can be indicated with the command \verb|\inst{<number>}| after an
+authors name in the \verb|\author{...}| field as well as a leading
+\verb|\inst{<number>}| before a particular address in the
+\verb|\institute{...}| field.
+
+\section{Changed bibliographic environment\\
+for {\tt natbib} usage}
+
+\subsection*{Overview}
+
+The {\tt natbib}\footnote{Natbib coding copyright (C) 1994--1998 Patrick
+W. Daly. This file may be used for non-profit purposes. It may not be
+distributed in exchange for money, other than distribution costs.}
+package is a reimplementation of the \LaTeX\ \verb|\cite|\
+command, to work with author-year citations. It is compatible with the
+standard bibliographic style files, such as {\tt plain.bst}, as well as
+ith those of {\tt harvard, apalike, chicago, astron, authordate}, and of
+course {\tt natbib}.
+
+\subsection*{Loading}
+
+A loading with \verb|\usepackage[|{\it options}\verb|]{natbib}| is not
+needed. All {\tt natbib} options and citations styles are implemented
+for usage with the {\tt agp}-option.
+
+\subsection*{Basic commands}
+
+The {\tt natbib} package has two basic citation commands, \verb|\citet|
+and \verb|\citep| for {\it textual} and {\it parenthetical} citations,
+respectively. All of these may take one or two optional arguments to add
+some text before and after the citation.
+
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{10pt}$\Rightarrow$\hspace{10pt}}l}
+\verb|\citet{jon90}| &Jones et al. (1990)\\
+\verb|\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| &Jones et al. (1990, chap. 2)\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\verb|\citep{jon90}| &(Jones et al., 1990)\\
+\verb|\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| &(Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)\\
+\verb|\citep[see][]{jon90}| &(see Jones et al., 1990)\\
+\verb|\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| &(see Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\subsection*{Multiple citations}
+
+Multiple citations may be made as usual, by including more than one citation
+key in the \verb|\cite| command argument.
+
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{10pt}$\Rightarrow$\hspace{10pt}}l}
+\verb|\citet{jon90,jon91}| &Jones et al. (1990); James et al. (1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90,jam91}| &(Jones et al., 1990; James et al. 1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90,jon91}| &(Jones et al., 1990, 1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| &(Jones et al., 1990a,b)\\
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{}\\
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{}\\
+\multicolumn{2}{c}{}\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\subsection*{Bibliography}
+
+Use the \verb|\bibitem| macro in the following way:
+
+\begin{tabular}{l}
+\verb|\bibitem[Jones \etal (1990)]{jon90} {\bf Jones ...|\\
+\verb|\bibitem[Jones \etal (1991)]{jon91} {\bf Jones ...|\\
+\verb|\bibitem[James \etal (1991)]{jam91} {\bf James ...|\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\section{Changes using PostScript fonts}
+
+The journal `Structural Optimization' is typeset using the
+PostScript\footnote{PostScript is a trademark of Adobe.} Times fonts for the
+main text and math. As the use of PostScript fonts results in different line and page
+breaks than when using Computer Modern fonts, we encourage you to use our
+document class together with the psnfss package times and if available the
+mathtime package. This packages does all necessary font replacements to show
+you the page make-up as it will be printed. Ask your local \TeX pert for
+details. PostScript previewing is possible on most systems. On some
+installations, however, on-screen previewing may be possible only with
+CM fonts.
+
+If, for technical reasons, you are not able to use the PS fonts, it is also
+possible to use our document class together with the ordinary Computer Modern
+fonts. Note, however, that in this case line and page breaks will change when
+we re\TeX\ your file with PS fonts, making it necessary for you to check them
+again once you receive the proofs from the printer.
+
+
+\section{Notes}
+
+Again we strongly suggest to use the \verb|\bibitem - \cite| as well as
+the \verb|\label -| \verb|\ref| mechanism of \LaTeX\ for your cross
+references throughout your document.
+
+\section{Installation}
+
+Following packages should be installed: \verb|times|, \verb|natbib|,
+\verb|amsmath|.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/svstropt.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/svstropt.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c4706b5bc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/svstropt.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION STROPT -- Structural Optimization
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svstropt.clo}
+ [2000/03/03 v1.2
+ style option for Structural Optimization]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svstropt.clo for Structural Optimization}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,fleqn,twocolumn,10pt}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt\@xiipt
+ \abovedisplayskip 12\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 10\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{15dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{180mm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{244mm}
+%
+\def\stropt@maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted
+later}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}##1\vrule height0pt
+ width0pt depth8pt}
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \if!\@date!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent{\itshape
+ \ignorespaces\@date}}%
+ \fi
+ {\def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \def\and{\unskip}%
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent
+ \ignorespaces\@author}\vspace{5dd}%
+ \def\inst##1{\hb@xt@\bibindent{\hfil$^##1$\hskip\labelsep}\ignorespaces}%
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent
+ \ignorespaces\@institute}\vspace{5dd}}%
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\def\stropt@@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\LARGE \sffamily\bfseries
+ \hrule\@height 14mm\@width0\p@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\LARGE\normalfont\itshape\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \authorfont
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\sffamily\bfseries
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \def\inst##1{\unskip}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \normalsize\it
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\let\@maketitle=\stropt@@maketitle
+\let\maketitle=\stropt@maketitle
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\hfil}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\hfil\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\setlength\columnsep{8mm}
+\setlength\headerboxheight{145pt}
+%
+\figcapgap=11pt
+\tabcapgap=6pt
+%
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox0=\hbox{#1}\ifdim\wd0=\z@\else
+\noindent#1\par\penalty\@M\fi\noindent}
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{14\p@ plus 2pt
+ minus2pt}{\normalsize\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{14\p@ plus 2pt
+ minus2pt}{\normalsize\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{14\p@ plus 2pt
+ minus2pt}{\normalsize\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-1pt}{\normalsize\rmfamily\bfseries}}
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+\renewcommand\abstractname{Abstract}
+%\def\endabstract{\endtrivlist}
+%
+\setlength\floatsep{18\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep{18\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{18\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+%
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 4mm \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi\@listI
+% Bibliography
+% Loading package 'NATBIB'
+\usepackage[round]{natbib}
+% Changing some parameters of NATBIB
+\setlength{\bibhang}{0mm}
+\setlength{\bibsep}{\medskipamount}
+\let\bibfont=\small
+\def\@biblabel#1{}
+\newcommand{\etal}{\textit{et al}.}
+\bibpunct[,]{(}{)}{;}{a}{}{,}
+%
+% Loading package 'AMSMATH'
+\IfFileExists{amsmath.sty}
+ {\usepackage[fleqn]{amsmath}
+ \setlength{\@mathmargin}{0\p@}}
+ {\errmessage{amsmath.sty doesn't exist!}}
+%
+%
+\journalname{StrucOpt}}
+%%
+%% End of copy of file `svstropt.clo'.
+\endinput
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e6e6f9da8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Structural Optimization
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[stropt,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+%\usepackage{times}
+%\usepackage{mathtimes}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?} % Insert a subtitle or remove this line
+\author{First author and Second author% etc
+% if you wish to indicate different affiliations
+% use First Author\inst{1} and Second Author\inst{2}
+%
+% The present address - made with \thanks - is optional,
+% remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here and the second here}
+% if you wish to indicate different affiliations use
+% \inst{1} first address\\
+% \inst{2} second address
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.%
+\keywords{Finite elements, Detonation, Safety}%
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \citet{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\columnwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem[Author(year)]{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+\textbf{Author}, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem[Author(year)]{RefB}
+\textbf{Author}, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/usrguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae17a15a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/usrguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/usrguide.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/usrguide.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc08921cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/stropt/usrguide.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5e00cc4da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Software Tools for Technology Transfer
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for
+"Software Tools for Technology Transfer"
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf)
+ svsttt.clo The class option file for STTT
+ stttguid.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, pdf)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+ in due course:
+ example.* Example of an article
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e59cd4c0d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5addb18776
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86f7ba770b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/stttguid.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\makeatletter
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
+\renewenvironment{decl}[1][]%
+ {\par\small\addvspace{2.3ex}%
+ \vskip -\parskip
+ \ifx\relax#1\relax
+ \def\@decl@date{}%
+ \else
+ \def\@decl@date{\NEWfeature{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\hspace{-\leftmargini}%
+ \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\ignorespaces}%
+ {\\\hline\end{tabular}\nobreak\@decl@date\par\nobreak
+ \vspace{2.3ex plus 1ex}\vskip -\parskip}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+%
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parskip 0\p@ \@plus 1\p@
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \topsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@\relax}
+\@listI
+\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount}
+\makeatother
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement for\\
+\textit{Software Tools for Technology Transfer}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1997, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{19 Febrary 1998}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{sttt} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Software Tools for Technology Transfer} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[sttt]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described in
+the main \emph{User guide}.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/svsttt.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/svsttt.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bdbae5357
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/svsttt.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION STTT -- Software Tools for Technology Transfer
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+% by Andreas Holzmann <Andreas.Holzmann@informatik.uni-dortmund.de>
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svsttt.clo}
+ [1998/02/19 v1.0
+ style option for Software Tools for Technology Transfer]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svsttt.clo for
+ Software Tools for Technology Transfer}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,10pt,twocolumn,runningheads}
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{12}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.55\p@ \@plus4\p@ \@minus5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\newcommand\footnotesize{%
+ \@setfontsize\footnotesize\@viiipt{9.5}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \topsep 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \itemsep \parsep}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width 1.9cm%.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{17.8cm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{640dd}
+\setlength\columnsep{6mm}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
+\setlength\headsep {14\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-60pt}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@fpsep{8\p@ \@plus 2fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{8\p@ \@plus 2fil}
+\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\footnotesize}
+%
+\def\stttrunnhead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>2
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \unhbox\titrun}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: The running head built automatically from
+ \string\author\space and \string\title
+ ^^Jexceeds the pagewidth, please supply a shorter form
+ ^^Jwith \string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@author}%
+}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\stttrunnhead
+\logodepth=1.3cm%
+\headerboxheight=202.23pt%
+\aftertext=2mm%
+\def\keywordname{{\bf Key words:}}
+\def\mailname{{\it Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\betweenumberspace{2.5mm}%
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}%
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\hfil}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\hfil\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\def\runinend{.}%
+\def\floatcounterend{.\ }%
+\def\sectcounterend{}%
+\def\@thmcounterend{.\hskip 1mm}%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{15dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-15dd plus-3pt minus-3pt}{13dd plus 3pt
+ minus3pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-2pt minus-2pt}{10dd plus 2pt
+ minus2pt}{\normalsize}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-10.5dd plus-2pt minus-2pt}{-1pt}{\normalsize\it}}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+%
+\def\smallskip{\vspace\medskipamount\noindent}
+\let\medskip\smallskip
+\let\bigskip\smallskip
+%
+\def\sttt@spynthm#1#2#3#4{{\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+\sttt@spynthm{property}{Property}{\bf}{\rm}
+\sttt@spynthm{question}{Question}{\bf}{\rm}
+\sttt@spynthm{definition}{Definition}{\bf}{\rm}
+\renewenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}\begin{center}}
+ {\end{center}\end@float}
+\renewenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}\begin{center}}
+ {\end{center}\end@dblfloat}
+\renewenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}\begin{center}}
+ {\end{center}\end@float}
+\renewenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}\begin{center}}
+ {\end{center}\end@dblfloat}
+%
+\journalname{Software Tools for Technology Transfer}}
+%
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svsttt.clo'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/template.tex
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+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for the International Journal on
+% Software Tools for Technology Transfer
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[sttt,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author and Second author% etc
+% The present address - made with \thanks - is optional,
+% remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\begin{abstract}
+Insert your abstract here.
+\end{abstract}
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\hsize}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sttt/usrguide.dvi
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/example/example.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/example/example.dvi
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/example/example.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/example/example.tex
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/example/example.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,601 @@
+% example.tex
+% An example input file demonstrating the sw option of the SVJour
+% document class for the journal: Shock Waves
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+\documentclass[sw,bibself]{svjour}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+
+\newcommand{\fakefignlabel}[2]{\refstepcounter{figure}\label{#2}%
+\addtocounter{figure}{-1}\def\thefigure{#1}}
+
+\journalname{Shock Waves}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\title{Evolution of a laser-generated shock wave in iron\\
+and its interaction with martensitic transformation\\
+and twinning}
+\titlerunning{Evolution of a laser-generated shock wave in iron}
+
+\author{I.V. Erofeev\inst{1} \and V.V. Silberschmidt\inst{2} \and
+A.A. Kalin\inst{1} \and V.A. Moiseev\inst1 \and I.V. Solomatin\inst3}
+
+\mail{V.V. Silberschmidt}
+
+\institute{Moscow Institute for Physical Engineering,
+31 Kashirskoe Av., 115409 Moscow, Russia\and
+Lehrstuhl A f\"ur Mechanik, TU M\"unchen, Boltzmannstr. 15,
+D-85746 Garching b. M\"unchen, Germany\and
+Mining Institute, Ural Department of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
+78A Karl Marx Street, 614007 Perm, Russia}
+
+\date{Received 9 August 1994 / Accepted 30 June 1997}
+
+
+\abstract{
+Effects of shock waves
+(generated by a nanosecond laser pulse in plates of
+Armco-iron) on structural changes are analysed. Localisation of processes of
+martensitic transformation and twinning -- for various values of
+laser pulse duration -- is studied both experimentally and numerically.
+A proposed model accounts for interaction of shock wave propagation and
+structure changes. Realisation of martensitic transformation and
+twin formation influences wave front modification. A stress amplitude
+decrease with increasing distance from a microcrater determines,
+together
+with the pulse duration, a character of spatial localisation of
+structural changes. Numerical results are compared with experimental data
+and serve as a basis for additional interpretation of phenomena.
+\keywords{Nanosecond laser pulse,
+Martensitic transformation, Twinning, Localisation}}
+
+\maketitle
+
+
+\section{Introduction}
+Generation of a shock wave (SW) with an amplitude of 50--200 GPa in
+metals
+by a nanosecond laser pulse is accompanied by a series of phenomena:
+plasma generation, plastic deformation, phase transitions, spall damage,
+etc. (\cite[1991]{ref1}). Characteristic
+features of an initiation
+and evolution of these processes are determined by parameters of
+external action and material properties. Despite the differences,
+all these phenomena also have some common features:
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item
+significant level of energy and force threshold values and
+their dependence on pulse duration;
+
+\item
+marked instability;
+
+\item
+spatial non-uniformity and localisation in mesoscopic volumes
+(\cite{ref13}).
+\end{itemize}
+
+\noindent
+These similarities allow to examine these divers processes in terms
+of a general approach.
+Investigations of threshold phenomena under the SW generation
+in metals were carried out for various types of the concentrated
+energy flux (CEF): high-energy ion beams (\cite{ref17,ref18});
+relativistic electrons; super-high-speed loading (\cite{ref14,ref16})
+and laser radiation (\cite{ref15,ref5}; \cite[1984a,\,b]{ref8},
+\cite{ref4,ref7,ref6,ref12,ref11}).
+
+A parameter $Q = q/E$
+($q$ - intensity of CEF, $E$ - Young modulus of
+target material) was proposed by Averin et al. (1990; 1991)
+as a characteristic of the CEF -- metal interaction.
+Another important parameter is a pulse duration $t_{i}$,
+which sufficiently influences generation,
+development, and localisation of threshold phenomena
+for a level of $Q$ = $10^{5} - 10^{6}$ m/s
+(this level corresponds to experimental conditions under study).
+
+
+
+\section{Model}
+Propagation of a shock wave generated by a nanosecond laser pulse in
+Armco-iron is accompanied by martensitic transformation (MT) and twinning.
+These processes are the main deformation mechanisms because the plastic
+relaxation time (and the characteristic time of thermoconductivity) is
+sufficiently large compared to the pulse duration.
+An adequate account of these deformation processes presupposes
+an introduction of additional internal variables for characterisation
+of structural changes. Evidently, such variables must be of the same tensor
+order as traditional deformation parameters.
+
+A deformation response to martensitic transformation is linked with
+the reconstruction of the crystalline lattice. A symmetric second-order
+tensor $m_{ik}$ (\cite[1990]{ref21}; \cite{ref23,ref3})
+can be introduced as a microscopic parameter.
+A respective macroscopic parameter $s_{ik} = \big< m_{ik}\big>$
+is an independent thermodynamic variable
+and is obtained by the averaging of $m_{ik}$ over all possible states
+in a representative unit cell.
+In contrast to martensitic transformation, twinning is a shear process
+and thus the traceless second-order tensor $g_{kl}$
+(\cite{ref20}) is introduced as a microscopic
+parameter. A macroscopic parameter $d_{kl}$
+which describes the deformation reaction of a medium to twinning can be
+obtained by means of averaging $g_{kl}$.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\fakefignlabel{1a,b}{fig1}
+\centering\leavevmode\includegraphics{sw059f1.ps}
+\caption{Dependence of free energy on parameter of
+martensitic transformation: ${\bf a}$ before and after transformation
+(curves 1 and 2, respectively) and parameter of
+twinning; ${\bf b}$ for various levels of stress}
+\end{figure}
+
+An analysis of the system's thermodynamic potential is a prerequisite
+for the elaboration of macroscopic constitutive equations. Statistical
+thermodynamics was used for the study of characteristic features of the
+free energy change under martensitic transformation (\cite[1990]{ref21};
+\cite{ref23} and twinning (\cite{ref20}). A dependence of the free
+energy on macroscopic parameters, characterising the extent of
+martensitic transformation and of twinning are shown in
+Fig.\,\ref{fig1}. A number, position, and depth of energy minima
+corresponding to stable states of the system are determined by levels of
+temperature and acting force.
+
+Macroscopic equations describing the interaction of\break
+plastic deformation and
+structural changes can be obtained in terms of the thermodynamics of
+irreversible processes. A dissipative function has the following form:
+%
+\begin{equation}
+TP_{s} = \sigma_{ik} e_{ik}^{\mathrm{p}}
+- {{\partial F} \over {\partial s_{ik}}}
+{{\partial s_{ik}} \over {\partial t}}
+- {{\partial F} \over {\partial d_{ik}}}
+{{\partial d_{ik}} \over {\partial t}} \ge 0,
+\label{eq:1}
+\end{equation}
+%
+where $T$ is the temperature; $P_{s}$ is an entropy production,
+which is positive for
+irreversible processes and equal to zero for stable states according to
+the second law of thermodynamics; $\sigma_{ik}$
+is a macroscopic stress tensor;
+$e_{ik}^{\mathrm{p}} = e_{ik} - e_{ik}^{\mathrm{e}}$
+is an irreversible part of a strain rate tensor (indices e and p are
+used for elastic and plastic parts, respectively);
+$F$ is the free energy,
+${ {\partial F} \over {\partial s_{ik} } },
+{ {\partial F} \over {\partial d_{ik} } },$
+are thermodynamic forces, acting on the system, when the values of
+respective parameters differ from equilibrium values.
+Macroscopic constitutive equations can be derived from the dissipative
+function in approximations of local equilibrium and direct proportionality
+of the thermodynamic forces and fluxes:
+\begin{eqnarray}
+\sigma_{ik}&=&L_{iklm}^{11} e_{lm}^{\mathrm{p}}
+- L_{iklm}^{12} \dot{s}_{lm}
+- L_{iklm}^{13} \dot{d}_{lm} ,\nonumber\\
+%
+{ {\partial F} \over {\partial s_{ik} } }&=&
+L_{iklm}^{21} e_{lm}^{\mathrm{p}}
+- L_{iklm}^{22} \dot{s}_{lm}
+- L_{iklm}^{23} \dot{d}_{lm} ,\nonumber\\
+%
+{ {\partial F} \over {\partial d_{ik} } }&=&
+L_{iklm}^{31} e_{lm}^{\mathrm{p}}
+- L_{iklm}^{32} \dot{s}_{lm}
+- L_{iklm}^{33} \dot{d}_{lm} ,
+\label{eq:2}
+\end{eqnarray}
+%
+where $L_{iklm}^{rq}$ are kinetic coefficients, the
+matrix of which (in respect to $r$ and $q$)
+is symmetric and positively determined due to the Onsager reciprocal
+relations. The dot over parameters means time differentiating.
+
+
+The system of Eqs.~(\ref{eq:2}) contains a relaxation equation for
+stresses
+and two kinetic equations for parameters of martensitic transformation and
+twinning. Thus, the changes in the stress state and spatio-temporal
+evolution of structural changes can be studied for arbitrary loading
+conditions in terms of boundary value problems. The analysis of metal
+behaviour under quasi-static loading has shown
+(\cite[1990]{ref21}; \cite{ref20,ref23}) that the system (\ref{eq:2})
+describes the main properties of structural transformations:
+deformation hysteresis of MT and its shift along the temperature axis under
+the load change, polar character of twinning realisation, etc.
+
+Considering an additive character of contributions\break from
+transformations, the full free energy of the system can be written as
+%
+\begin{equation}
+F = F_{0} + F_{1} + F_{2},
+\end{equation}
+%
+where $F_{0}$ is a part of the free energy that does not depend on the
+structural variables and, thus, it does not influence the form of the state
+laws in (\ref{eq:1}); $F_{1}$ and $F_{2}$ are free energy parts
+correlated, respectively, to martensitic transformation and twinning.
+
+A dependence of the free energy on the structural parameters, obtained in
+statistical thermodynamics analysis shown in Fig.\,\ref{fig1}, can be
+approximated
+by polynomials of respective parameters. For the uniaxial case studied
+in this paper, these approximations can be written in the following form:
+\begin{equation}
+\begin{array}{rl}
+F_{1}={}&\displaystyle \frac{A_{1}}{2} s^{2}
++ \frac{B_{1}}{3} s^{3}
++ \frac{C_{1}}{4} s^{4}\\[2mm]
+&- \Big (D_{1} \sigma - M \big (T - T_{p} \big) \Big) s,
+\end{array}
+\end{equation}
+\begin{equation}
+F_{2} = {{A_{2}} \over 2} d^{2} + {{B_{2}} \over 3} d^{3}
++ {{C_{2}} \over 4} d^{4} - D_{2} \sigma d,
+\end{equation}
+where $A_{i}, B_{i}, C_{i}, D_{i}, M > 0$,
+$(i = 1,2)$ are material parameters, which are functions of
+temperature and mechanical structural parameters in a common case;
+$T_{p}$ is the transformation temperature.
+
+\section{Experimental study and formulation\\%ill\break
+of the problem}
+Characteristic features of threshold phenomena localisation,
+as was shown by \cite{ref2}, are mostly distinct for a pulse
+duration less than 30 ns. The mono-pulse laser action can be considered
+as a surface one and the radiation--material interaction is then
+accounted
+for by a simulation of the pressure change on the frontal surface of
+the target (\cite{ref6}).
+
+\begin{figure}
+\fakefignlabel{2a--c}{fig2}
+\centering\leavevmode\includegraphics{sw059f2.ps}
+\caption{Evolution of shock wave profile:
+${\bf a}$, kinetics of martensitic transformation;
+${\bf b}$ and of twinning; and ${\bf c}$.
+Pulse duration 23 ns; time: 1, 20 ns, 2, 40 ns, 3, 60 ns}
+\end{figure}
+
+Respective experimental methods are described in detail by
+\cite{ref2}, Merzhievskii and Titov
+(1987), and Burdonskii et al. (1984).
+Two lasers were used for shock wave generation in metals.
+Their characteristics are: pulse energy $E_{i}$ up
+to 60 J and up to 100 J with a pulse duration $t_{i}$
+of 23 ns and 3 ns, respectively.
+The pulses had a triangular form with a uniform energy distribution over
+a focus point. These experiments were carried out in a vacuum camera
+at a
+residual pressure of 1 Pa. The specimens were radiated under an angle
+$\alpha = 30^{\circ}$ between a laser pulse direction
+and a perpendicular to the target surface
+in order to exclude a re-refraction from the target upon the optical
+system.
+
+High pressure, a short pulse duration, and a small square of a loaded
+region complicate a direct measurement of the shock wave amplitude in
+the studied case. Thus, an experimental data treatment is used together
+with the numerical modelling (\cite{ref12,ref8}) for the pressure
+estimation in SW. The pulse amplitude, $P_{m}$, can be approximated by
+the following relation:
+\begin{equation}
+P_{m} = kq^{n},
+\label{eq:6}
+\end{equation}
+where $n = 0.4$--0.8, and $k$ is an empirical coefficient.
+The values of parameters $n$ and $k$
+depend upon the radiation intensity.
+In the case under study the intensity equals
+2 $\times$ 10$^{12}$ W/cm$^{2}$ for a pulse duration
+of 23 ns and 5 $\times$ 10$^{12}$ W/cm$^{2}$ for 3 ns.
+The data from Eliezer et al. (1990), with
+$k = 1.3 \times 10^{-5}$, $n = 0.4$,
+suit such intensity values best.
+Then calculations based on (\ref{eq:6}) give $P_{m}$ = 80 GPa for 23 ns
+and $P_{m}$ = 160 GPa
+for 3 ns.
+
+Plates of Armco-iron of width $l = 500$~$\mu$m
+were used in the described experiments.
+The specimens were obtained by means of powder metallurgy
+with subsequent annealing at $T = 900 ^{\circ}$C
+and air-cooling.
+The final size of grains in plates was approximately $100~\mu$m.
+After radiation, the specimens were separated along the direction of
+the shock wave propagation and a metallographic analysis was
+carried out.
+Structural changes were also studied using microhardness tests at different
+points of target section.
+
+For numerical simulations of threshold phenomena in shock waves
+generated by the laser pulse radiation of the Armco-iron plate the
+system (\ref{eq:2}) was used together with the pulse conservation law.
+With the plate width being sufficiently less than the two other
+dimensions, a uniaxial analysis (along the width of the plate) can be
+utilised for the investigation of characteristic features of the
+shock-wave evolution and the kinetics of structural changes. A
+dimensionless form of these equations is
+\[
+{ {\partial v^{*}} \over {\partial t^{*}} } = {1 \over {\rho}}
+{ {\partial \sigma^{*}} \over {\partial \xi} },\]
+\[
+{ {\partial \sigma^{*}} \over {\partial t}^{*} } =
+\kappa { {\partial v ^{*}} \over {\partial \xi} } -
+{1 \over {\tau}} {\sigma}^{*} -
+{\gamma_{1}} { {\partial s} \over {\partial t}^{*} } -
+{\gamma _{2}} { {\partial d} \over {\partial t}^{*} },\]
+\[
+{ {\partial s} \over {\partial t}^{*} } =
+- {1 \over {\tau}_{s}} { {\partial F _{1}} \over {\partial s}
+},\]
+\begin{equation}
+{ {\partial d} \over {\partial t}^{*} } =
+- {1 \over {\tau}_{d}} { {\partial F _{2}} \over {\partial d} },
+\end{equation}
+
+\noindent
+where $v^{*} = {{t_{1}} \over l} v_{z}$;
+$t^{*} = {t \over t_{i}}$;
+$\sigma^{*} = {{\sigma_{zz}} \over G}$;
+$G = {E \over {2(1+{\mu})}}$;
+${\xi} = {z \over l}$;
+${\kappa} = { {2} \over {3(2-m)}}$;
+$m = { {3K} \over {3K+2G}}$;
+$K = {E \over {1-2{\mu}}}$;
+${\tau}_{s} = {{L^{22}} \over {t_{i}}}$;
+${\tau}_{d} = {{L^{33}} \over {t_{i}}}$;
+
+\noindent
+${\gamma}_{1} = {{L^{13} L^{22} G} \over
+{L^{11} L^{22} L^{33} - L^{22} {(L^{13})^{2}} - L^{33} {(L^{12})^{2}}}}$;
+
+\noindent
+${\gamma}_{2} = {{L^{12} L^{33} G} \over
+{L^{11} L^{22} L^{33} - L^{22} {(L^{13})^{2}} - L^{33} {(L^{12})^{2}} }}$.
+
+\noindent
+Here $v_{z}$ is a rate vector component; ${\rho}$ is the material
+density;
+$z, {\xi}$ are normal and dimensionless co-ordinates;
+${\tau}$ is the Maxwell relaxation time; $E$, Young's modulus;
+${\mu}$, Poisson coefficient; $L^{ij}$ ( $i,j$ = 1,2,3)
+are scalar parameters -- the first terms of expansion of kinetic
+coefficients $L_{klmn}^{ij}$
+with respect to structural parameters (\cite{ref3}).
+Considering the independence of MT and twinning processes
+and accounting for the difference in characteristic times of relaxation
+and structural transformation, one can assume $L^{ij}$
+$(i >1, i {\not=} j) {\rightarrow} 0$.
+
+Then, the boundary conditions are:
+\[
+{\upsilon}^{*} (1, t) = 0,
+\]
+\begin{equation}
+{\sigma}^* = \left\{\begin{array}{l}
+2 \tilde {\sigma}_{\mathrm{a}}t^{*},\\[2pt]
+2 \tilde {\sigma}_{\mathrm{a}}^{*}{(1-t^{*})},\\[2pt]
+0
+\end{array}\right.\qquad
+\begin{array}{rcl}
+t^{*}&\leq&1/2,\\[2pt]
+1/2&<&t^{*} \leq 1,\\[2pt]
+t^{*}&>&1,
+\end{array}
+\label{eq:8}
+\end{equation}
+%
+where $\tilde\sigma_{\mathrm{a}}$ is the dimensionless pulse
+amplitude. Initial conditions have the following form:
+\begin{equation}
+s({\xi},0) = 1, \upsilon({\xi},0) = \sigma^{*}({\xi},0) = d({\xi},0) = 0.
+\label{eq:9}
+\end{equation}
+
+Boundary conditions (\ref{eq:8}) correspond to the case of the triangle
+stress
+pulse action on the frontal target surface and the wave reflection
+from the free (rear) surface. The conditions in (\ref{eq:9}) characterise
+a material's initial state, the martensite phase with the absence of
+twins. The numerical simulation was carried out for the interval of
+a pulse duration from 3--30 ns and $\sigma_{\mathrm{a}}$ = 80 and
+160 GPa.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering\leavevmode\includegraphics{sw059f3.ps}
+\caption{Evolution of pulse amplitude (pulse duration:
+1, 3 ns, 2, 23 ns)}\label{fig3}
+\end{figure}
+
+\section{Discussion}
+Numerical analysis allows us to analyse the peculiarities of the
+shock wave
+propagation and the change of its configuration. The interaction of
+processes of structural changes and wave propagation results
+in the specificity of the threshold phenomena localisation for
+a given interval of pulse duration and values of SW amplitude.
+
+The calculated SW configuration and structural transformation kinetics
+are shown in Fig.\,\ref{fig2} for $t_{i}$ = 23 ns.
+Exceeding the critical stress
+threshold results in the initiation of
+the $\alpha \rightarrow \varepsilon$ transformation.
+It causes the step formation on the loading front. Such two-wave configuration
+is characteristic for I-type phase transitions. The reverse
+$\varepsilon \rightarrow \alpha$ transformation
+in the unloading begins under the lower stress level because of
+the hysteresis in martensitic transformation. Thus, the shorter step
+is being formed on the rear front of the shock wave (Fig.\,\ref{fig2}).
+The SW propagation is accompanied by a sharp decrease in its amplitude
+(Fig.\,\ref{fig3} presents corresponding results of numerical
+simulation)
+and an increase in the distance between the loading and unloading fronts
+because of the relaxation. These two processes determine specific features
+of the initiation of structural transformations and their localisation.
+The shock wave propagation is accompanied by the shift of the zone of
+the reversible MT (Fig.\,\ref{fig2}b). The width of this zone grows with
+the increase in the distance from the microcrater in connection with
+the change of the SW configuration. Results of numerical simulation
+correlate to experimental data obtained by the microhardness measurements
+in different points of the specimen. A decrease in the wave amplitude to
+a stress value less than the critical one results in the formation of a
+localised finite zone of reversible
+$\alpha \leftrightarrow \varepsilon$
+transformation. A sharp drop in the shock wave
+amplitude in the case of the 3-ns pulse makes the initiation of the
+$\alpha \rightarrow \varepsilon$
+transformation impossible and is the reason for the absence of the MT
+zone in the specimens loaded with such a short pulse.
+
+A twin formation process is characterised by the sufficiently lower level
+of threshold stress. Thus, it occurs in all intervals of pulse duration
+and the localisation zone of twinning is wider, compared with
+MT (Fig.\,\ref{fig2}c). An insufficient decrease in the twinning
+parameter with
+the wave propagation is due to the so-called elastic twinning --
+a partial reversibility of the twinning process. The width of the zone
+with twins is determined at the moment when the decreasing wave
+amplitude becomes less than the critical stress necessary for twin formation.
+The observed absence of twins near the bottom of the microcrater
+for the case $t_{i}$ = 3 ns is linked with the small width of the SW
+at the initial stage of its propagation and, consequently,
+with an insufficiet action time of the stress,
+which is higher than the critical one, in this region. The
+irreversibility
+of the twinning allows the direct measurement of the twin length.
+A comparison between the twin-length change, obtained from experimental
+observations, and the calculated value of $t_{\mathrm{t}}$, the total
+time,
+when the wave amplitude in the given point is larger than the critical
+twinning stress, is given in Fig.\,\ref{fig4}. The similarity of the two
+curves
+proves
+a direct effect of the action time of overcritical load on twinning.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering\leavevmode\includegraphics{sw059f4.ps}
+\caption{Effective time of twinning $t_{\mathrm{t}}$ (1) and twin length (2)}
+\label{fig4}
+\end{figure}
+
+Thus, the proposed model allows the evolution of the shock wave
+(generated by the nanosecond laser pulse) and its interaction with
+structural transformations (MT and twinning) to be analysed.
+The initiation of the structural changes is caused by the overcoming of
+the threshold stress value in the loading front, and their localisation
+is linked with a rapid decay of the wave amplitude during its propagation.
+The structural transformations, in turn, change the shock wave
+configuration and result in the division of the loading and
+unloading fronts into sections, the height of the dividing point being
+correlated to the critical values of stress.
+
+\begin{acknowledgement}
+Two of the authors (VVS and IVS) gratefully
+acknowledge Prof. O.B. Naimark, Dr. V.V. Belyaev and L.V.Filimonova
+for fruitful discussions.
+\end{acknowledgement}
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{88.}
+\bibitem[Averin et al. 1990]{ref1}
+Averin VI, Gromov VI, Erofeev MV, Kalin AA, Kuznetsov MS, Moiseev VA,
+Ostafitchuk VP, Pitchurin EP (1990) Threshold Phenomena and Modification
+of Structure of Al Under Laser Impulse Action.
+Moscow Institute for Physical Engineering, Moscow (in Russian)
+\bibitem[Averin et al. (1991)]{ref2}
+Averin VI, Gromov VI, Erofeev MV, Kalin AA, Kuznetsov MS, Moiseev VA,
+Ostafitchuk VP, Pitchurin EP (1991) Threshold phenomena and modification
+of metal structure and properties under the action of nanosecond
+laser pulses. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the U. S. S. R.,
+55:1409--1413
+\bibitem[Belyaev et al. 1989]{ref3}
+Belyaev VV, Silberschmidt VV, Naimark OB, Filimonova LV (1989)
+Kinetics of polymorphic transformations in metals under high pressure.
+In: Detonation Proc 9th All -- Union Symposium on Combustion and Explosion,
+Tchernogolovka, pp 66--69, 153--154 (in Russian)
+\bibitem[Burdonskii et al. 1984]{ref4}
+Burdonskii IN, Gromov BI, Erofeev MV, Zhuhukalo EV, Kalin AA,
+Nikolaevskii VG (1984) Spallation of austenite steel under loading
+by single laser pulses. Soviet Tech Phys Lett 10:121--126
+\bibitem[Clauer et al. 1981]{ref5}
+Clauer AX, Holbrook JH, Fairand BP (1981) Effects of laser induced
+shock waves on metals. In: Meyers MA, Murr LE (eds) Shock Waves and
+High-Strain-Rate Phenomena in Metals, Plenum Press, pp 675--702
+\bibitem[Cottet and Boustie 1989]{ref6}
+Cottet F, Boustie M (1989) Spallation studies in aluminium targets
+using shock waves induced by laser irradiation at various pulse durations.
+J Appl Phys 66:4067--4073
+\bibitem[Cottet et al. 1988]{ref7}
+Cottet F, Marty L, Hallouin M, Romain JP, Virmon J et al. (1988)
+Two-dimensional study of shock breakout at the rear face of laser-irradiated
+metallic targets. J Appl Phys 64: 4474--4477
+\bibitem[Cottet and Romain 1982]{ref8}
+Cottet F, Romain JP (1982) Formation and decay of laser-generated
+shock waves. Phys Rev A 25:576--579
+\newpage
+\bibitem[Cottet and Romain, 1984a]{ref9}
+Cottet F, Romain JP (1984a) Measurement of laser shock pressure and
+estimate of energy lost at 1.05$\,\mu$m wavelength. J Appl Phys
+55:4125--4127
+\bibitem[Cottet and Romain, 1984b]{ref10}
+Cottet F, Romain JP (1984b) Ultrahigh-pressure laser-driven shock-wave
+experiments at 0.26$\,\mu$m wavelength. Phys Rev Lett 52:1884--1886
+\bibitem[Eliezer et al. 1990]{ref11}
+Eliezer S, Gilath I, Bar-Noy T (1990) Laser-induced spall in metals
+Experiments and simulation. J Appl Phys 67:715--724
+\bibitem[Gromov et al. 1990]{ref12}
+Gromov BI, Erofeev MV, Kalin AA, Moiseev VA (1990) Evolution of nanosecond
+shock waves and the pulse transition time in Armco-iron.
+Soviet Tech Phys Lett 16:391--396
+\bibitem[Koneva and Kozlov 1991]{ref13}
+Koneva NA, Kozlov EV (1990) Physical nature of stages in plastic
+deformation. Soviet Phys J 33:165--173
+\bibitem[Merzhievskii and Titov 1987]{ref14}
+Merzhievskii LA, Titov VM (1987) High-velocity impact. Fizika Goreniia
+i Vzryva 23:92--106
+\bibitem[Meyers et al. 1980]{ref15}
+Meyers MA, Kestenbach H-J, Soares CAO (1980) The effects of temperature
+and pulse duration on the shock-loading response of nickel.
+Mater Sci Engng 45:143--154
+\bibitem[Naimark and Belyaev 1989]{ref16}
+Naimark OB, Belyaev VV (1989) A study of the effect of microcracks on
+fracture kinetics and shock wave structure in metals.
+Probl Prochn 7:26--32 (in Russian)
+\bibitem[Pogrebnjak et al. 1989]{ref17}
+Pogrebnjak AD, Remnev GE, Kurakin IB, Ligachev AE (1989) Structural,
+physical and chemical changes induced in metals and alloys exposed
+to high power ion beams. Nucl Instr \& Meth Phys Res B 36:286--305
+\bibitem[Povalyaev et al. 1990]{ref18}
+Povalyaev AN, Nazarov YK, Pogrebnyak (1991) Phase transitions
+in metals exposed to high power ion beams (HPB). In: Karpuzov DS,
+Katardjiev IV, Todorov SS (eds) Ion Implantation and Ion beam Equipment,
+World Scientific pp 418--424
+\bibitem{ref19}
+Romain JP, Hallodin M, Gerland M, Cottet F, Marty L (1988)
+$\alpha \to \varepsilon$ phase transition in iron induced by laser
+generated shock waves.
+In: Schmidt SC, Holmes NC (eds) Shock Waves in Condensed Matter 1987,
+Elsevier Science Publishers BV pp 787--790
+\bibitem[Silberschmidt 1992]{ref20}
+Silberschmidt VV (1992) On statistical thermodynamics of deformation
+twinning. Cont Mech Thermodyn 4:269--277
+\bibitem[Silberschmidt et al. 1989]{ref21}
+Silberschmidt VV, Naimark OB, Filimonova LV (1989) Thermodynamics and
+Structure Modelling of Martensitic Transformations, Sverdlovsk (in Russian)
+\bibitem[Silberschmidt et al. 1990]{ref22}
+Silberschmidt VV, Naimark OB, Filimonova LV (1990) Statistical
+thermodynamics and constitutive equations of metals under martensitic
+transformations. Phys Met Metallogr 69:32--38
+\bibitem[Silberschmidt and Tanaka 1993]{ref23}
+Silberschmidt VV, Tanaka K (1993) Statistical thermodynamics and
+constitutive equations of martensitic transformations.
+Memoirs of Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Technology, 7:95--114
+\end{thebibliography}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/read.me b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/read.me
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0d4a4b5a4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/read.me
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+% read.me
+% LaTeX class for Shock Waves
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for Shock Waves
+
+For a quick entry to the Shock Waves-formatting and if you are
+already familiar with the SVJour class you need only the three files:
+svjour.cls, svsw.clo, and template.tex.
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ read.me This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ svsw.clo The class option file for Shock Waves
+ swguide.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, ps [to be found in psoutput.zip])
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+ psoutput.zip PS files of the above mentioned DVIs,
+ compressed due to their size. The file example.ps
+ contains a ready to print version that can be produced
+ at the publisher only, when page numbers are fixed
+
+ subdirectory: example (contains all data of a sample article)
+
+ example.* Example of an article (tex, dvi, ps [in psoutput.zip])
+ figures.zip PS files needed by the sample file
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
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+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
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+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
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+%
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+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
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+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
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+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
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+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
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+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/svsw.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/svsw.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..250b863f5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/svsw.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION SW -- Shockwaves
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svsw.clo}
+ [1998/05/18 v1.1
+ style option for Shockwaves]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svsw.clo for Shockwaves}
+\DeclareOption{leqno}{\input{leqno.clo}}
+\let\if@bibself\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{bibself}{\let\if@bibself\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{oribibl}{\let\oribibl=Y}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,twocolumn,10pt}
+\newif\if@normhead \@normheadtrue
+\def\hugehead{\@normheadfalse
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\relax
+\onecolumn
+\let\thanks=\footnote
+\long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent\bibindent
+ \columnwidth\textwidth
+ \advance\columnwidth -\columnsep
+ \divide\columnwidth\tw@
+ \hsize\columnwidth
+ \linewidth\columnwidth
+ \noindent\hbox to\parindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}##1}%
+}
+\let\if@mathematic\iffalse
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xpt{10.5dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{10dd}%
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\let\footnotesize\small
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{15dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{17dd}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{180mm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{56pc}
+%
+\def\sw@maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted
+later}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{abstract}{Abstract is missing.}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \def\switch@fnmark{\def\thefootnote{\mathrm{\alph{footnote}}}}
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \if@normhead
+ \@thanks
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\vspace{\@tempdima}]
+ \addtocounter{page}{-1}
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \authorrunning{ }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\def\sw@@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \if@normhead
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ \fi
+ {\LARGE \sffamily\bfseries
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\LARGE\normalfont\itshape\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \authorfont
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\sffamily\bfseries
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \switch@fnmark
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\mathrm\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \protected@xdef\@thanks{\@thanks\protect\switch@fnmark}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \small\rm
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt
+ \leftskip=1.5cm\rightskip=\leftskip
+ \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \normalsize\it
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \vskip 12.85pt
+ {\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+ \def\pacsstart##1##2{##1\hskip5pt plus2ptminus2pt##2}%
+ \def\and##1##2{\unskip\ -- ##1\hskip5pt plus2ptminus2pt##2}%
+ \trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+ {\sffamily\bfseries\abstractname}]%
+ \leftskip=1.5cm\rightskip=\leftskip
+ \@abstract
+ \endtrivlist}%
+ \if@normhead
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \else
+ \typeout{\the\c@auth\space author names and}
+ \typeout{\the\c@inst\space institutes processed}
+ \global\@tempdima=\pagetotal
+ \global\advance\@tempdima by22.47pt
+ \fi
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\def\swabstract#1{\gdef\@abstract{#1}}
+%
+\def\swrunnhead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>2
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \unhbox\titrun}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: The running head built automatically from
+ \string\author\space and \string\title
+ ^^Jexceeds the pagewidth, please supply a shorter form
+ ^^Jwith \string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@author}%
+}
+%
+\def\changebibcite{%
+\ifx\oribibl\undefined
+\def\@biblabel##1{}
+%
+\def\@lbibitem[##1]##2{\item[]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{##2}{##1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+%
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{##1}}%
+ \leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+\fi}
+%
+% a change to the citation mechanism that supresses the brackets
+% around the \cited material iff the option [bibself] is given
+\def\change@cite{\if@bibself
+\def\@citex[##1]##2{%
+ \let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\@for\@citeb:=##2\do
+ {\@citea\def\@citea{;\penalty\z@\ }%
+ \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb}{\mbox{\reset@font\bfseries ?}%
+ \G@refundefinedtrue
+ \@latex@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{##1}}
+\def\@cite##1##2{{##1\if@tempswa , ##2\fi}}\fi}
+%
+\AtEndOfClass{\def\ackname{Acknowledgement\runinend}%
+\def\keywordname{{\sffamily\bfseries Key words:}}%
+\let\if@runhead\iftrue
+\let\if@smartand\iftrue
+\let\@maketitle=\sw@@maketitle
+\let\maketitle=\sw@maketitle
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\swrunnhead
+\let\abstract=\swabstract
+\setlength\floatsep {10\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\hfil}%
+\def\@oddhead{\small\hfil\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+\def\sectcounterend{}
+\setlength\columnsep{4mm}
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\large\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\sffamily}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-1pt}{\normalsize\sffamily\bfseries}}
+\def\authorfont{\rmfamily}
+\def\leftlegendglue{\hfil}
+\def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathbf{#1}}}
+\journalname{ShockWaves}
+\changebibcite
+\change@cite
+}
+%%
+%% End of copy of file `svsw.clo'.
+\endinput
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/swguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/swguide.dvi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0850bd74b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/swguide.dvi
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/swguide.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/swguide.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ecf56b7540
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/swguide.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[draft]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\makeatletter
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
+\renewenvironment{decl}[1][]%
+ {\par\small\addvspace{2.3ex}%
+ \vskip -\parskip
+ \ifx\relax#1\relax
+ \def\@decl@date{}%
+ \else
+ \def\@decl@date{\NEWfeature{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\hspace{-\leftmargini}%
+ \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\ignorespaces}%
+ {\\\hline\end{tabular}\nobreak\@decl@date\par\nobreak
+ \vspace{2.3ex plus 1ex}\vskip -\parskip}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+%
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parskip 0\p@ \@plus 1\p@
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \topsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@\relax}
+\@listI
+\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount}
+\makeatother
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement for\\
+\textit{ShockWaves}}
+
+\author{\copyright~1998, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{18 May 1998}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{sw} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can
+begin a document for \emph{Shock Waves} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[sw]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your text. All other options are also described in
+the main \emph{User guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class standard}
+
+As the abstract of your article is to appear in the header section,
+it must be coded before the \verb|\maketitle| command. Do not use the
+\verb|\begin{abstract}| \dots \verb|\end{abstract}| environment of
+standard \LaTeX. Instead proceed as you do for the other
+front matter declarations:
+\begin{decl}
+|\abstract| \arg{Text of your abstract}
+\end{decl}
+The standard key words are also part of the frontmatter please code
+them at the end but still inside the \verb|\abstract{...}| area.
+
+\section{Changed bibliographic environment}
+The mechanism of explicit labels in \verb|\bibitem| commands has been
+changed to reflect those labels only when the actual bibliographic
+source is \verb|\cite|d in the text. In the reference list they are
+simply suppressed. If you do not use the optional parameter of the
+\verb|\bibitem| commands the behaviour is as normal: the items are
+numbered consecutively for their citation in the text -- the reference
+list itself has no numbers.
+
+This change can be canceled by using the option \verb|oribibl| --
+particular useful when you are using \textsc{Bib}\TeX\ that relies on an
+unchanged bibliographic/citation apparatus.
+
+There is the additional option \verb|bibself| that supresses the
+bracing of \verb|\cite| commands in the text altogether. With it you can
+let \LaTeX\ incorporate the content of a \verb|\bibitem|s label
+smoothly into the flow of your text (see the example file for
+demonstration).
+
+Again we strongly suggest to use the \verb|\bibitem - \cite| as well as
+the \verb|\label -| \verb|\ref| mechanism of \LaTeX\ for your cross
+references throughout your document.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/template.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51754c55e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/template.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Shock Waves
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[sw,referee]{svjour}
+% Remove option referee for final version
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?\\ If so, write it here}
+\author{First author\inst{1} \and Second author\inst{2}% etc
+% \thanks is optional - remove next line if not needed
+\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % Do not remove
+%
+\offprints{} % Insert a name or remove this line
+%
+\institute{Insert the first address here \and the second here}
+%
+\date{Received: date / Revised version: date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\abstract{
+Insert your abstract here.
+%
+\keywords{Finite elements, Detonation, Safety}} %end of abstract
+%
+\maketitle
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \cite{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+Author, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem{RefB}
+Author, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/usrguide.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/sw/usrguide.dvi
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.dvi b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.dvi
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new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.pdf
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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.sty b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.sty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2796e2909c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+\def \half{\frac{1}{2}}
+
+\def\Stij {\widetilde{S}_{ij} }
+\def\Stjj {\widetilde{S}_{jj} }
+
+\def\ftil{\widetilde{f}}
+\def\htil{\widetilde{h}}
+\def\util{\widetilde{u}}
+\def\Etil{\widetilde{E}}
+\def\Ttil{\widetilde{T}}
+
+\def\etal{{\it et al.}}
+
+\def\jour#1 #2 { {\sc #1} #2}
+\def\aiaaj#1{{\it AIAA J.}, {\bf #1}}
+\def\aiaap#1{{\it AIAA Paper No.~#1}}
+\def\jatmo#1{{\it J.~Atmos.\ Sci.}, {\bf #1}}
+\def\jcp#1{{\it J.~Comput.~Phys.}, {\bf #1}}
+\def\jfm#1{{\it J.~Fluid Mech.}, {\bf #1}}
+\def\pof#1{{\it Phys.~Fluids}, {\bf #1}}
+\def\pofa#1{{\it Phys.~Fluids A}, {\bf #1}}
+
+\def\qsgs {\tau_{kk}}
+\def\ret {Re_\tau}
+\def\prt { {\it Pr}_{\rm T} }
+
+\def\delhat{\widehat{\Delta}}
+\def\delbar{\overline{\Delta}}
+\def\gbar{ \overling{G} }
+\def\ghat{ \widehat{G} }
+\def\gbt { \widehat{\gbar} }
+
+\def\pb { \overline{p} }
+\def\pbh { \widehat{\pb} }
+\def\pbhbh { \widehat{\overline{\pbh}} }
+\def\pbb { \overline{\pb} }
+\def\rhob { \overline{\rho}\, }
+\def\rhobh { \widehat{\rhob}\, }
+
+\def\Tt{\widetilde{T}}
+\def\Ttt{\widetilde{\Tt}}
+\def\Ttb{\breve{\Tt}}
+\def\Ttbtb { \breve{\widetilde{\Ttb}} }
+
+\def\ut{\widetilde{u}}
+\def\uti { {\widetilde u_i} }
+\def\utj { {\widetilde u_j} }
+\def\utk { {\widetilde u_k} }
+\def\utq { {\widetilde u_q} }
+\def\utti{ {\widetilde{\widetilde{u}}_i} }
+\def\uttj{ {\widetilde{\widetilde{u}}_j} }
+\def\uttk{ {\widetilde{\widetilde{u}}_k} }
+\def\uttq{ {\widetilde{\widetilde{u}}_q} }
+\def\utb { \breve{\widetilde{u}}}
+\def\utbi{ {\breve{\widetilde{u}}_i} }
+\def\utbj{ {\breve{\widetilde{u}}_j} }
+\def\utbk{ {\breve{\widetilde{u}}_k} }
+\def\utbq{ {\breve{\widetilde{u}}_q} }
+\def\utbtbi{ {\breve{\widetilde{\breve{\widetilde{u}}}}_i} }
+\def\utbtbj{ {\breve{\widetilde{\breve{\widetilde{u}}}}_j} }
+\def\utbtbk{ {\breve{\widetilde{\breve{\widetilde{u}}}}_k} }
+\def\utbtbq{ {\breve{\widetilde{\breve{\widetilde{u}}}}_q} }
+
+\def\Sij {S_{ij} }
+\def\Skk {S_{kk} }
+\def\Sjj {S_{jj} }
+\def\St { \widetilde{S} }
+\def\Stij { \widetilde{S}_{ij} }
+\def\Stkk { \widetilde{S}_{kk} }
+\def\Stpij { \widetilde{S}^a_{ij} }
+\def\Stb { \breve{\St} }
+\def\Stbij { \Stb_{ij} }
+\def\Stbkk { \Stb_{kk} }
+\def\Stt { \widetilde{\St} }
+\def\Sttij { \Stt_{ij} }
+\def\Sttkk { \Stt_{kk} }
+\def\Stbpij{ \breve{\widetilde{S}}^{a}_{ij} }
+\def\Stbtb { \breve{\widetilde{\Stb}} }
+\def\Stbtbij { \Stbtb_{ij} }
+\def\Stbtbkk { \Stbtb_{kk} }
+
+\def\Akk {A_{kk}}
+\def\Bkk {B_{kk}}
+\def\Lkk {{\cal L}_{kk}}
+\def\Mmm {M_{mm}}
+\def\Nmm {N_{mm}}
+\def\Amm {A_{mm}}
+\def\Bmm {B_{mm}}
+\def\Lnn {{\cal L}_{nn}}
+\def\Mnn {M_{nn}}
+\def\Nnn {N_{nn}}
+\def\Akk {A_{kk}}
+\def\Bkk {B_{kk}}
+\def\Lkk {{\cal L}_{kk}}
+\def\Mkk {M_{kk}}
+\def\Nkk {N_{kk}}
+\def\Aij {A_{ij}}
+\def\Akk {A_{kk}}
+\def\Ajk {A_{jk}}
+\def\Bij {B_{ij}}
+\def\Bkk {B_{kk}}
+\def\Bjk {B_{jk}}
+\def\Lij {{\cal L}_{ij}}
+\def\Mij {M_{ij}}
+\def\Nij {N_{ij}}
+\def\Lmn {{\cal L}_{mn}}
+\def\Mmn {M_{mn}}
+\def\Nmn {N_{mn}}
+\def\Llk {{\cal L}_{lk}}
+\def\Mlk {M_{lk}}
+\def\Nlk {N_{lk}}
+\def\Lpq {{\cal L}_{pq}}
+\def\Mpq {M_{pq}}
+\def\Npq {N_{pq}}
+\def\Lrs {{\cal L}_{rs}}
+\def\Mrs {M_{rs}}
+\def\Nrs {N_{rs}}
+\def\Tij {T_{ij}}
+\def\eij {e_{ij}}
+\def\aij {\alpha_{ij}}
+\def\amn {\alpha_{mn}}
+\def\akk {\alpha_{kk}}
+\def\ajk {\alpha_{jk}}
+\def\bij {\beta_{ij}}
+\def\bmn {\beta_{mn}}
+\def\tij {\tau_{ij}}
+\def\tkk {\tau_{kk}}
+
+\def\Ki {{\cal K}_{i}}
+\def\Kj {{\cal K}_{j}}
+\def\Km {{\cal K}_{m}}
+
+\newcount\ndots
+\def\drwln#1#2{\raise 2.5pt\vbox{\hrule width #1pt height #2pt}}
+\def\spc#1{\hskip #1pt}
+\def\solid{\drwln{24}{.5}\ }
+\def\bdash{\hbox{\drwln{4}{.5}\spc{2}}}
+\def\dashed{\hbox {\drwln{4}{.5}\spc{2}
+ \drwln{4}{.5}\spc{2}\drwln{4}{.5}}\nobreak\ }
+\def\ldash{\hbox {\drwln{8}{.5}\spc{2}
+ \drwln{8}{.5}\spc{2}\drwln{8}{.5}}\nobreak\ }
+\def\bdot{\hbox{\drwln{1}{.5}\spc{2}}}
+\def\dotted{\hbox{\leaders\bdot\hskip 24pt}\nobreak\ }
+\def\chndash{\hbox {\drwln{8.5}{.5}\spc{2}
+ \drwln{3}{.5}\spc{2}\drwln{8.5}{.5}}\nobreak\ }
+\def\chndot{\hbox {\drwln{9.5}{.5}\spc{2}
+ \drwln{1}{.5}\spc{2}\drwln{9.5}{.5}}\nobreak\ }
+\def\chndotdot{\hbox {\drwln{8}{.5}\spc{2}\drwln{1}{.5}\spc{2}
+ \drwln{1}{.5}\spc{2}\drwln{8}{.5}}\nobreak\ }
+\def\chndotdotdot{\hbox {\drwln{8}{.5}\spc{2}\drwln{1}{.5}\spc{2}
+ \drwln{1}{.5}\spc{2}\drwln{1}{.5}\spc{2}
+ \drwln{8}{.5}}\nobreak\ }
+\def\chnddd{\hbox {\drwln{8}{.5}\spc{2}\drwln{1}{.5}\spc{2}
+ \drwln{1}{.5}\spc{2}\drwln{1}{.5}\spc{2}
+ \drwln{8}{.5}}\nobreak\ }
+\def\circle {$\circ$\nobreak\ }
+\def\square {${\vcenter{\hrule height 0.4pt width 6pt
+ \hbox{\vrule width 0.4pt height 6pt \kern 5pt
+ \vrule width 0.4pt height 6pt}
+ \hrule height 0.4pt width 6pt}}$\nobreak\ }
+\def\trian {$\triangle$\nobreak\ }
+\def\filtr {$\triangle$\nobreak\ }
+\def\plus {$+$\nobreak\ }
+\def\cross {$\times$\nobreak\ }
+\def\diam {$\diamond$\nobreak\ }
+\def\filsqr {${\vcenter{\hrule height 2pt
+ \hbox{\vrule width 2.2pt height 0.2pt \kern 0.1pt
+ \vrule width 2.2pt}
+ \hrule height 2.2pt}}$\nobreak\ }
+\def\lcross {\hbox{\solid\hspace{-18pt}\cross\hspace{10pt}}}
+\def\ltrian {\hbox{\solid\hspace{-18pt}\trian\hspace{10pt}}}
+\def\lsquare {\hbox{\solid\hspace{-18pt}\square\hspace{10pt}}}
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3095bdb40c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/example/example.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,1172 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% An example input file demonstrating the tcfd option of the SVJour %
+% document class for the journal: Theoret. Comput. Fluid Dynamics %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\documentclass[tcfd]{svjour}
+
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+%%% \usepackage{times}
+%%% \usepackage{mathtime}
+
+\sloppy
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Several Macro's for this article programmed by the Author %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\input{example.sty}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\title{Subgrid-Scale Models for Compressible Large-Eddy
+Simulations\thanks{The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from
+the Air Force Off\/ice of Scientific Research, under Grant
+Nos. AF/F49620-98-1-0035 (MPM and GVC) and AF/F49620-97-1-0244 (UP),
+monitored by D.L.~Sakell. This work was also sponsored by the Army High
+Performance Computing Research Center under the auspices of the
+Department of the Army, Army Research Laboratory cooperative agreement
+number DAAH04-95-2-0003/contract number DAAH04-95-C-0008, the content of
+which does not necessarily ref\/lect the position or the policy of the
+government, and no off\/icial endorsement should be inferred. A portion
+of the computer time was provided by the University of Minnesota
+Supercomputing Institute.}}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% You have to protect commands within the "Author"-macro by using the
+% \protect-command
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\Author{M. Pino Mart\protect{\'\i}n}
+{Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, University of Minnesota,\\
+110 Union St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA\\
+pino@aem.umn.edu}
+
+\Author{Ugo Piomelli}
+{Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland,\\
+College Park, MD 20742, USA\\
+ugo@eng.umd.edu}
+
+\Author{Graham V. Candler}
+{Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, University of Minnesota,\\
+110 Union St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA\\
+candler@aem.umn.edu}
+
+\commun{Communicated by M.Y. Hussaini}
+
+\date{Received 12 March 1999 and accepted 11 August 1999}
+
+\abstract{An {\it a priori} study of subgrid-scale (SGS) models for the
+unclosed terms in the energy equation is carried out using the f\/low
+f\/ield obtained from the direct simulation of homogeneous isotropic
+turbulence. Scale-similar models involve multiple f\/iltering operations
+to identify the smallest resolved scales that have been shown to be the
+most active in the interaction with the unresolved SGSs. In the present
+study these models are found to give more accurate prediction of the SGS
+stresses and heat f\/luxes than eddy-viscosity and eddy-diffusivity
+models, as well as improved predictions of the SGS turbulent diffusion,
+SGS viscous dissipation, and SGS viscous diffusion.}
+
+
+\authorrunning{M.P. Mart\protect{\'\i}n, U. Piomelli, and G.V. Candler}
+\maketitle
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 1 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:1}
+
+Large-eddy simulation (LES) is a technique intermediate between the
+direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent f\/lows and the solution of the
+Reynolds-averaged equations. In LES the contribution of the large,
+energy-carrying structures to momentum and energy transfer is computed
+exactly, and only the effect of the smallest scales of turbulence is
+modeled. Since the small scales tend to be more homogeneous and
+universal, and less affected by the boundary conditions, than the
+large ones, there is hope that their models can be simpler and require
+fewer adjustments when applied to different f\/lows than similar models
+for the Reynolds-averaged Navier--Stokes equations.
+
+While a substantial amount of research has been carried out into
+modeling for the LES of incompressible f\/lows, applications to
+compressible f\/lows have been signif\/icantly fewer, due to the increased
+complexity introduced by the need to solve an energy equation, which
+introduces extra unclosed terms in addition to the subgrid-scale (SGS)
+stresses that must be modeled in incompressible f\/lows. Furthermore,
+the form of the unclosed terms depends on the energy equation chosen
+(internal or total energy, total energy of the resolved f\/ield, or
+enthalpy).
+
+Early applications of LES to compressible f\/lows used a transport
+equation for the internal energy per unit mass $\varepsilon$
+\citep{moi91,elh94} or for the enthalpy per unit mass $h$
+\citep{spe88,erl92}. In these equations the SGS heat f\/lux was modeled
+in a manner similar to that used for the SGS stresses, while two
+additional terms, the SGS pressure-dilatation $\Pi_{\rm dil}$ and the
+SGS contribution to the viscous dissipation $\varepsilon_{\rm v}$, were
+neglected.
+
+\citet[b]{vre95a} performed {\it a priori} tests using DNS data obtained
+from the calculation of a mixing layer at Mach numbers from 0.2 to 0.6.
+They found that the SGS pressure-dilatation $\pi_{\rm dil}$ and SGS
+viscous dissipation $\varepsilon_{\rm v}$ are of the same order as the
+divergence of the SGS heat f\/lux $Q_j$, and that modeling
+$\varepsilon_{\rm v}$ improves the results, especially at moderate or
+high Mach numbers. They also proposed the use of a transport equation
+for the total energy of the f\/iltered f\/ield, rather than either the
+enthalpy or the internal energy equations; the same unclosed terms that
+appear in the internal energy and enthalpy equations are also present in
+this equation.
+
+Very few calculations have been carried out using the transport equation
+for the total energy, despite the desirable feature that it is a
+conserved quantity, and that all the SGS terms in this equation can be
+cast in conservative form. This equation has a different set of unclosed
+terms, whose modeling is not very advanced yet. \citet{nor92} performed
+calculations of a transitional boundary layer, and modeled only the SGS
+heat f\/lux, neglecting all the other terms. \citet{kni98} performed the
+LES of isotropic homogeneous turbulence on unstructured grids and
+compared the results obtained with the \citet{sma63} model with those
+obtained when the energy dissipation was provided only by the
+dissipation inherent in the numerical algorithm. They modeled the SGS
+heat f\/lux and an SGS turbulent diffusion term, and neglected the SGS
+viscous diffusion. \citet{com98} proposed the use of an eddy-diffusivity
+model for the sum of the SGS heat f\/lux and SGS turbulent diffusion,
+neglecting the SGS viscous diffusion.
+
+In this paper the f\/low f\/ield obtained from a DNS of homogeneous
+isotropic turbulence is used to compute the terms in the energy
+equations, and evaluate eddy-viscosity and scale-similar models for
+their parametrization. We place emphasis on the total energy equation,
+both because of the lack of previous studies in the terms that appear in
+it, and because of the desirability of solving a transport equation for
+a conserved quantity. In the remainder of the paper the governing
+equations are presented and the unclosed terms are def\/ined. The DNS
+database used for the {\it a priori} tests is described. Finally,
+several models for the unclosed terms are presented and tested.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 2 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Governing Equations}
+\label{sec:2}
+
+To obtain the equations governing the motion of the resolved eddies,
+we must separate the large from the small scales. LES is based on the
+def\/inition of a f\/iltering operation: a resolved variable, denoted by
+an overbar, is def\/ined as \citep{leo74}
+\begin{equation}
+ \overline{f}({\bf x}) = \int_D f({\bf x'})
+ G({\bf x},{\bf x'};\delbar)
+ \D{\bf x'},
+ \label{eq:filtering}
+\end{equation}
+where $D$ is the entire domain, $G$ is the f\/ilter function, and
+$\delbar$ is the f\/ilter-width associated with the wavelength of the
+smallest scale retained by the f\/iltering operation. Thus, the f\/ilter
+function determines the size and structure of the small scales.
+
+In compressible f\/lows it is convenient to use Favre-f\/iltering
+\citep[b]{fav65a} to avoid the introduction of SGS
+terms in the equation of conservation of mass. A Favre-f\/iltered
+variable is def\/ined as $\widetilde{f}=\overline{\rho
+f}/\overline{\rho}$. In addition to the mass and momentum
+equations, one can choose solving an equation for the internal energy,
+enthalpy, or total energy. Applying the Favre-f\/iltering operation, we
+obtain the resolved transport equations
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:mass-ff}
+ \frac{\partial\rhob}{\partial t}
+ + \frac{\partial}{\partial x_{j}} \left(\rhob\util_j\right)
+ = 0 ,
+\end{equation}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:mom-ff}
+ \frac{\partial\rhob\,\util_i}{\partial t}
+ + \frac{\partial}{\partial x_{j}}\left(\rhob\util_i\util_j
+ + \pb \delta_{ij} - \widetilde{\sigma}_{ji} \right)
+ = - \frac{\partial\tau_{ji}}{\partial x_{j}} ,
+\end{equation}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:int-en-ff}
+ \frac{\partial (\rhob\,\widetilde{\varepsilon}\,)}{\partial t}
+ + \frac{\partial}{\partial x_{j}}
+ \left(\rhob\util_j\widetilde\varepsilon\right)
+ + \frac{\partial\widetilde{q}_j}{\partial x_j}
+ + \pb\Stkk - \widetilde{\sigma}_{ji}\Stij
+ = - C_{\rm v}\frac{\partial Q_j}{\partial x_{j}} - \Pi_{\rm dil} +
+ \varepsilon_{\rm v} ,
+\end{equation}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:enth-ff}
+ \frac{\partial (\rhob\,\widetilde{h})}{\partial t}
+ + \frac{\partial}{\partial x_j}\left(\rhob\util_j\htil\right)
+ + \frac{\partial\widetilde{q}_j}{\partial x_j}
+ - \frac{\partial\pb}{\partial t}
+ - \util_j\frac{\partial\pb}{\partial x_j}
+ - \widetilde{\sigma}_{ji}\Stij =
+ - C_{\rm v}\frac{\partial Q_j}{\partial x_j}
+ - \Pi_{\rm dil}
+ + \varepsilon_{\rm v} ,
+\end{equation}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:tot-en-ff}
+ \frac{\partial}{\partial t} (\rhob\,\Etil)
+ + \frac{\partial}{\partial x_j}
+ \left[(\rhob\,\Etil + \pb)\util_j + \widetilde{q}_j
+ - \widetilde{\sigma}_{ij}\util_i \right] =
+ - \frac{\partial}{\partial x_j}\left(\gamma C_{\rm v}Q_j
+ + {\textstyle\half}{\cal J}_j
+ - {\cal D}_j \right) .
+\end{equation}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+Here $\rho$ is the density, $u_j$ is the velocity in the $x_j$ direction,
+$p$ is the pressure, $\varepsilon=c_{\rm v} T$ is the internal energy
+per unit mass, $T$ is the temperature; $h=\varepsilon + p/\rho$ is the
+enthalpy per unit mass; $E=\varepsilon +u_iu_i/2$ is the total energy per
+unit mass, and the diffusive f\/luxes are given by
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:sig-hat}
+ \widetilde{\sigma}_{ij} = 2\widetilde{\mu} \Stij
+ - {\textstyle\frac{2}{3}}\widetilde{\mu} \delta_{ij}\Stkk, \qquad
+ \widetilde{q}_j = - \widetilde{k}\frac{\partial\Ttil}{\partial x_j} ,
+\end{equation}
+where $S_{ij}=\frac{1}{2}
+(\partial u_i/\partial x_i + \partial u_j/\partial x_i)$ is
+the strain rate tensor, and $\widetilde{\mu}$ and $\widetilde{k}$ are the
+viscosity and thermal conductivity corresponding to the f\/iltered temperature
+$\Ttil$.
+
+The effect of the SGSs appears on the right-hand side of the governing
+equations through the SGS stresses $\tij$; SGS heat f\/lux $Q_j$; SGS
+pressure-dilatation $\Pi_{\rm dil}$; SGS viscous dissipation $\varepsilon_{\rm v}$;
+SGS turbulent diffusion $\partial{\cal J}_j/\partial x_j$; and SGS viscous
+diffusion $\partial{\cal D}_j/\partial x_j$. These quantities are
+def\/ined as
+\begin{eqnarray}
+ \label{eq:tauij}
+ \tij & = & \rhob(\widetilde{u_iu_j}-\util_i\util_j), \\
+ \label{eq:qj}
+ Q_j & = & \rhob \left(\widetilde{u_j T}-\util_j\widetilde{T}\right), \\
+ \label{eq:pdil}
+ \Pi_{\rm dil} & = & \overline{p\Skk}-\pb\Stkk, \\
+ \label{eq:vdiss}
+ \varepsilon_{\rm v} & = & \overline{\sigma_{ji}\Sij}
+ - \widetilde{\sigma}_{ji}\Stij,\\
+ \label{eq:tdiff}
+ {\cal J}_j & = & \rhob\left(\widetilde{u_ju_ku_k} -
+ \util_j\widetilde{u_ku_k} \right), \\
+ \label{eq:vdiff}
+ {\cal D}_j & = & \overline{\sigma_{ij}u_i}
+ -\widetilde{\sigma}_{ij}\util_i .
+\end{eqnarray}
+The equation of state has been used to express pressure-gradient and
+pressure-diffusion correlations in terms of $Q_j$ and $\Pi_{\rm dil}$. It
+is also assumed that $\overline{\mu(T)\Sij} \simeq \mu(\Ttil)\Stij$,
+and that an equivalent equality involving the thermal conductivity
+applies. \citet{vre95b} performed {\it a priori}
+tests using DNS data obtained from the calculation of a mixing layer
+at Mach numbers in the range 0.2--0.6, and concluded that neglecting
+the nonlinearities of the diffusion terms in the momentum and energy
+equations is acceptable.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 3 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{{\em A priori} Test}
+\label{sec:3}
+
+One method to evaluate the performance of models for LES or RANS
+calculations is the {\it a priori} test, in which the velocity
+f\/ields obtained from a direct simulation are f\/iltered to yield the
+exact SGS terms, and the f\/iltered quantities are used to assess the
+accuracy of the parametrization. The database used in this study was
+obtained from the calculation of homogeneous isotropic turbulence
+decay.
+
+The Navier--Stokes equations were integrated in time using a
+fourth-order Runge--Kutta method.\break The spatial derivatives were
+computed using an eighth-order accurate central f\/inite-difference
+scheme. The\pagebreak\ results have been validated by comparison with the
+DNS data of \citet[1999]{mar98}. The simulations were performed
+on grids with 256$^3$ points. The computational domain is a periodic
+box with length 2$\pi$ in each dimension. The f\/luctuating f\/ields were
+initialized as in \citet{ris97}.
+
+The calculation was performed at a Reynolds number
+$Re_{\lambda}=u'\lambda/\nu=50$, where
+$\lambda=\langle u^2\rangle^{1/2}/$\break
+$\langle{(\partial u/\partial x)^2}\rangle^{1/2}$ is the Taylor
+microscale and $u'=(u_iu_i)^{1/2}$ is the turbulence intensity, and
+at a turbulent Mach number $M_t=u'/a=0.52$, where $a$ is the speed
+of sound. The initial f\/low f\/ield is allowed to evolve for four
+dimensionless time units $\tau_t=\lambda/u'$, so that the energy
+spectrum may develop an inertial range that decays as $k^{-5/3}$,
+where $k$ is the nondimensional wave number.
+
+The f\/iltered f\/ields were obtained using a top-hat f\/ilter, which is
+def\/ined in one dimension as
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:tophat}
+ \overline{f}_i = \frac{1}{2n}
+ \left( f_{i-{n}/{2}}+2\sum_{i-{n}/{2}+1}^{i+{n}/{2}-1}f_{i}+f_{i+{n}/{2}}\right) .
+\end{equation}
+Various f\/ilter-widths $\delbar=n\Delta$ (where $\Delta$ is the grid
+size and $n=4$, 8, 16, and 32) were used. Note that the grid
+resolution is high enough that $n=2$ would correspond to a DNS. The
+location of the various f\/ilter cutoffs along the energy spectrum at
+$t/\tau_t=6.5$ are shown in Figure~\ref{fig:fig01}; they cover the decaying range of
+the spectrum ($n=4$), the inertial range ($n=8$ and 16), and the
+energy-containing range ($n=32$). With the f\/ilters used,
+respectively, 5\%, 15\%, 40\%, and 70\% of the total turbulent kinetic
+energy resides in the SGSs. The two intermediate values are
+representative of actual LES calculations, in which the SGS kinetic energy\break
+is typically between 15\% and 30\% of the total energy. A higher
+percentage of SGS energy in general indicates an under-resolved
+calculation. In the following, results will be shown for
+$\delbar=8\Delta$, except when evaluating the effect of f\/ilter-width.
+
+The accuracy of a model is evaluated by computing the exact term $R$
+and its model representation $M$ and comparing the two using the
+correlation coeff\/icient $C(R)$ and the root-mean-square (rms) amplitudes
+$\langle (R-\langle R\rangle)^2\rangle^{1/2}$ and $\langle(M-\langle
+M\rangle)^2\rangle^{1/2}$. The correlation coeff\/icient is given by
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:corr-coeff}
+ C(R) = \frac{ \langle(R-\langle R \rangle) (M-\langle M \rangle) \rangle}
+ {\left(\langle (R-\langle R \rangle)^2 \rangle
+ \langle(M-\langle M \rangle)^2 \rangle\right)^{1/2}} ,
+\end{equation}
+where the brackets $\langle\cdot\rangle$ denote averaging over the
+computational volume. A ``perfect'' model would give a correlation
+coeff\/icient of 1. In the following, the quantities plotted are made
+nondimensional using the initial values of $\rho$, $u'$, and
+$\lambda$.
+
+\begin{figure}[t]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=51mm]{01fig.eps}
+\vspace{51mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{Energy spectrum; \diam, location of the f\/ilter-widths used
+in the {\it a priori} test; \solid $k^{-5/3}$ slope; \dotted, DNS. $q^2 = u_iu_i$, and $\eta$ is
+the Kolmogorov length scale.}
+\label{fig:fig01}
+\end{figure}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 4 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Models for the Momentum Equation}
+\label{sec:4}
+
+The SGS stresses (\ref{eq:tauij}) are the only unclosed term that
+appears in the momentum equation. Various types of models have been
+devised to represent the SGS stresses. Eddy-viscosity models
+try to reproduce the global exchange of energy between the resolved
+and unresolved stresses by mimicking the drain of energy associated
+with the turbulence energy cascade. Yoshizawa (1986)
+proposed an eddy-viscosity model for weakly compressible turbulent
+f\/lows using a multiscale direct-interaction approximation method.
+The anisotropic part of the SGS stresses is parametrized using the
+\citet{sma63} model, while the SGS energy $\tkk$ is
+modeled separately:
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:tauij-yoshi}
+ \tij - \frac{\delta_{ij}}{3}\qsgs =
+ - C_s^22\delbar^2\rhob|\St|\left(\Stij
+ -\frac{\delta_{ij}}{3}\Stkk\right) = C_s^2\aij
+ , \qquad
+ \qsgs = C_I 2\rhob\delbar^2|\St|^2 = C_I \alpha,
+\end{equation}
+with $C_s=0.16$, $C_I=0.09$, and $|\St|=(2 \St_{ij}\St_{ij})^{1/2}$.
+
+\citet{moi91} proposed a modif\/ication of the
+eddy-viscosity model (\ref{eq:tauij-yoshi}) in which the two model
+coeff\/icients were determined dynamically, rather than input {\it a
+priori}, using the Germano identity $\Lij = T_{ij} -
+\widehat{\tau_{ij}}$ \citep{ger92}, which relates the SGS
+stresses $\tij$ to the ``resolved turbulent stresses''
+$\Lij=\left(\widehat{\overline{\rho u_i}\,\overline{\rho
+ u_j}/\rhob}\right) - \widehat{\overline{ \rho u_i }}\,
+\widehat{\overline{ \rho u_j}}/\rhobh$, and the subtest stresses
+$\Tij=\rhobh\breve{\widetilde{u_iu_j}} - \rhobh\utbi\utbj$
+(where $\breve{\widetilde{f}}=\widehat{\overline{\rho f}}/\rhobh$, and the
+hat represents the application of the test f\/ilter $\widehat{{G}}$ of
+characteristic width $\delhat=2\delbar$)
+that appear if the f\/ilter $\widehat{{G}}$ is applied to (\ref{eq:mom-ff}).
+\citet{moi91} determined the model coeff\/icients by
+substituting (\ref{eq:tauij-yoshi}) into the Germano identity and
+contracting with $\Stij$. In the present paper the contraction
+proposed by \citet{lil92} to minimize the error in a
+least-squares sense are used instead. Accordingly, the two model
+coeff\/icients for the dynamic eddy-viscosity (DEV) model will be given
+by
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:coeff_dsm}
+ C = C_s^2 = \frac{ \langle {\cal L}_{ij}M_{ij}\rangle }
+ { \langle M_{kl}M_{kl}\rangle } , \qquad
+ C_I = \frac{ \langle {\cal L}_{kk}\rangle }
+ { \langle\beta-\widehat{\alpha}\rangle } ,
+\end{equation}
+where $\beta_{ij} = -2\delhat^2\rhobh|\Stb|
+(\Stbij-\delta_{ij}\Stbkk/3)$, $\Mij=\bij-\widehat{\aij}$, and
+$\beta=2\delhat^2 \rhobh|\Stb\,|^2$.
+
+Scale-similar models are based on the assumption that the most active
+SGSs are those closer to the cutoff, and that the scales
+with which they interact are those immediately above the cutoff wave number
+\citep{bar80}. Thus, scale-similar models employ
+multiple operations to identify the smallest resolved scales and use
+the smallest ``resolved'' stresses to represent the SGS stresses.
+Although these models account for the local energy events, they
+underestimate the dissipation.
+
+\citet{spe88} proposed the addition of a scale-similar
+part to the eddy-viscosity model of \citet{yos86}
+introducing the mixed model. In this way, the eddy-viscosity
+contribution provides the dissipation that is underestimated by purely
+scale-similar models. This mixed model was also used by \citet{erl92}
+and \citet{zan92}, and is given by
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:tauij-sezhu}
+ \tij - \frac{\delta_{ij}}{3}\qsgs = C_s\aij + \Aij
+ - \frac{\delta_{ij}}{3} \Akk , \qquad
+ \qsgs = C_I \alpha + \Akk,
+\end{equation}
+where $\Aij=\rhob(\widetilde{\uti\util}_j-\utti\uttj)$.
+
+\citet{erl92} tested the constant
+coeff\/icient model {\it a priori} by comparing DNS and LES
+results of compressible isotropic turbulence and found good agreement
+in the dilatational statistics of the f\/low, as well as high
+correlation between the exact and the modeled stresses.
+\citet{zan92} compared the DNS and LES results of isotropic
+turbulence with various initial ratios of compressible to total
+kinetic energy. They obtained good agreement for the evolution of
+quantities such as compressible kinetic energy and f\/luctuations of the
+thermodynamic variables.
+
+Dynamic model adjustment can be also applied to the mixed model
+(\ref{eq:tauij-sezhu}), to yield the dynamic mixed model (DMM)
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:c-dmm}
+ C = \frac{\langle\Lij\Mij\rangle - \langle\Nij\Mij\rangle}
+ {\langle\Mlk\Mlk\rangle} , \qquad
+ C_I = \frac{\langle\Lkk-\Nkk\rangle}
+ {\langle \beta-\widehat{\alpha}\rangle},
+\end{equation}
+with $\Bij=\rhobh(\breve{\widetilde{\utbi\utbj}} - \utbtbi\utbtbj)$,
+and $\Nij=\Bij-\widehat{\Aij}$.
+
+An issue that requires some attention is the necessity to model
+separately the trace of the SGS stresses $\qsgs$. \citet{yos86},
+\citet{moi91}, and \citet{spe88} proposed a separate model
+for this term. \citet{erl92} conjectured that, for
+turbulent Mach numbers $M_t<0.4$ this term is negligible; their DNS of
+isotropic turbulence conf\/irm this conjecture. \citet{zan92}
+conf\/irmed these results {\it a posteriori}:
+they ran calculations with $0\leq C_I\leq0.066$ (the latter value is ten
+times higher than that predicted by the theory) and observed little
+difference in the results.
+
+\citet{com98} proposed incorporating this term into a
+modif\/ied pressure ${\cal P}$. This leads to the presence of an
+additional term in the equation of state, which takes the form
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:cl-state}
+ {\cal P} = \rhob R\Ttil + \frac{3\gamma-5}{6}\qsgs ;
+\end{equation}
+for $\gamma=\frac{5}{3}$ the additional term is zero, and for $\gamma=\frac{7}{5}$ it
+might be negligible, unless $M_t$ is very large. This observation can
+be used to explain {\it a posteriori} the insensitivity of the LES
+results to the value of $C_I$ discussed by \citet{zan92}:
+the SGS stress trace can be approximately incorporated in the pressure
+with no modif\/ication to the equation of state. Another factor may be
+that both the calculations by \citet{erl92} and those by \citet{zan92}
+used mixed models, in which the
+scale-similar part gave a contribution to the normal SGS stresses.
+Thus, $\qsgs$ is taken into account, at least partially, by the
+scale-similar contribution.
+
+If the mixed model is used, the trace of the SGS stresses can be
+parameterized without requiring a separate term. A one-coeff\/icient
+dynamic mixed model (DMM-1) would be of the form
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:tauij-dmm-oc}
+ \tij = C \aij + \Aij ,
+\end{equation}
+with
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:c-dmm-oc}
+ C = \frac{\langle\Lij\Mij\rangle - \langle\Nij\Mij\rangle}
+ {\langle\Mlk\Mlk\rangle}.
+\end{equation}
+
+\begin{figure}[b]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=84mm]{02fig.eps}
+\vspace{84mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{{\it A priori} comparison of the normal SGS stresses
+$\tau_{11}$. (a) Correlation coeff\/icient and (b) nondimensional rms magnitude. \solid,
+Eddy-viscosity model DEV (\protect\ref{eq:tauij-yoshi})--(\protect\ref{eq:coeff_dsm});
+\dashed, two-coeff\/icient mixed model DMM
+(\protect\ref{eq:tauij-sezhu})--(\protect\ref{eq:c-dmm}); \chndot, one-coeff\/icient mixed model
+DMM-1 (\protect\ref{eq:tauij-dmm-oc})--(\protect\ref{eq:c-dmm-oc}); \trian, DNS.}
+\label{fig:fig02}
+\end{figure}
+
+The models DEV (\ref{eq:tauij-yoshi})--(\ref{eq:coeff_dsm}), DMM
+(\ref{eq:tauij-sezhu})--(\ref{eq:c-dmm}), and DMM-1
+(\ref{eq:tauij-dmm-oc})--(\ref{eq:c-dmm-oc}) are evaluated in
+Figures~\ref{fig:fig02}--\ref{fig:fig04}. Figure~\ref{fig:fig02}(a) shows that the DMM-1 model gives the highest
+correlation for the diagonal components of the SGS stress tensor;
+Figure~\ref{fig:fig02}(b) shows that neither the eddy-viscosity model nor the
+two-coeff\/icient mixed model DMM predict the rms of the SGS stresses
+accurately. The DMM-1 model gives the most accurate prediction among
+those tested.
+
+\begin{figure}[t]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=86mm]{03fig.eps}
+\vspace{86mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{{\it A priori} comparison of the off-diagonal SGS stresses
+$\tau_{12}$. (a) Correlation coeff\/icient and (b) nondimensional rms magnitude. \solid,
+Eddy-viscosity model DEV (\protect\ref{eq:tauij-yoshi})--(\protect\ref{eq:coeff_dsm}); \dashed,
+two-coeff\/icient mixed model DMM (\protect\ref{eq:tauij-sezhu})--(\protect\ref{eq:c-dmm}) and
+one-coeff\/icient mixed model DMM-1 (\protect\ref{eq:tauij-dmm-oc})--(\protect\ref{eq:c-dmm-oc});
+\trian, DNS.}
+\label{fig:fig03}
+\end{figure}
+
+Figure~\ref{fig:fig03}(a) shows the correlation coeff\/icient for the off-diagonal
+components of the SGS stress. As in incompressible f\/lows, the
+eddy-viscosity model gives very poor correlation (near 0.2), while much
+improved results are obtained with the mixed models. Note that the
+correlation coeff\/icient for DMM and DMM-1 overlap in the f\/igure.
+Figure~\ref{fig:fig03}(b) shows the rms of $\tau_{12}$. DEV underpredicts the rms
+magnitude of the exact term, while DMM and DMM-1 slightly overpredict it.
+
+The coeff\/icient $C_s$ remained nearly constant at a value of 0.15
+throughout the calculation, consistent with the theoretical arguments
+\citep{yos86}. The coeff\/icient of the SGS energy, $C_I$, on the
+other hand, has a value three times higher than predicted by the
+theory, consistent with the results of \citet{moi91}.
+
+\begin{figure}[t]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=46mm]{04fig.eps}
+\vspace{46mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{Nondimensional rms magnitude of $\tau_{11}$ versus
+f\/ilter-width at $t/\tau_t=6.5$. \solid, Eddy-viscosity model DEV
+(\protect\ref{eq:tauij-yoshi})--(\protect\ref{eq:coeff_dsm}); \dashed, two-coeff\/icient mixed
+model DMM (\protect\ref{eq:tauij-sezhu})--(\protect\ref{eq:c-dmm}); \chndot, one-coeff\/icient
+mixed model DMM-1 (\protect\ref{eq:tauij-dmm-oc})--(\protect\ref{eq:c-dmm-oc}); \trian,
+DNS.}
+\label{fig:fig04}
+\end{figure}
+
+Figure~\ref{fig:fig04} shows the rms magnitude of $\tau_{11}$ versus the
+f\/ilter-width, at time $t/\tau_t=6.5$. For very small f\/ilter-widths
+($\delbar/\Delta=4$), all the models are accurate, ref\/lecting the
+capability of dynamic models to turn off the model contribution when
+the grid becomes suff\/iciently f\/ine to resolve all the turbulent
+structures (models with constants assigned {\it a priori}, such as
+the \citet{sma63} model, do not have this characteristic). For
+$\delbar/\Delta=8$, consistent with the results shown above, the
+one-coeff\/icient mixed model DMM gives the most accurate predictions.
+For intermediate f\/ilter-widths, up to $\delbar/\Delta=16$, the best
+prediction is given by the DMM-1 model; when this f\/ilter-width is used
+the unresolved scales contain a considerable amount of energy, 40\%.
+For $\delbar/\Delta=32$, it appears that the DMM model predicts the
+rms magnitude accurately. However, since the DMM model overpredicts
+the rms signif\/icantly for $\delbar/\Delta=8$ and 16, the accurate
+prediction given by DMM for $\delbar/\Delta=32$ is a coincidence.
+When $\delbar/\Delta=32$ the SGSs contain a large contribution
+from the energy-containing eddies (70\% of the energy is in the SGS);
+since $\delbar/\Delta=32$ is not in the inertial range the
+assumptions on which LES modeling is based fail. The same results are found
+for $\tau_{12}$ (not shown).
+
+\begin{figure}[t]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=90mm]{05fig.eps}
+\vspace{90mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{Comparison of unclosed terms in the energy equations. (a)
+Nondimensional terms in the internal energy or enthalpy equations and (b) nondimensional terms
+in the total energy equation. \solid, Divergence of the SGS heat f\/lux, $C_{\rm v}\ \partial
+Q_j/\partial x_j$; \chndot, SGS viscous dissipation $\varepsilon_{\rm v}$; \dashed, pressure
+dilatation $\Pi_{\rm dil}$; \chndotdot, divergence of the SGS heat f\/lux, $\gamma C_{\rm
+v}\ \partial Q_j/\partial x_j$; \dotted, SGS turbulent diffusion $\partial{\cal J}_j/\partial
+x_j$; \ldash, SGS viscous diffusion $\partial{\cal D}_j/\partial x_j$.}
+\label{fig:fig05}
+\end{figure}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 5 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Models for the Energy Equations}
+\label{sec:5}
+
+Figure~\ref{fig:fig05} compares the magnitude of the unclosed terms
+appearing in the internal-energy and enthalpy equations
+(\ref{eq:int-en-ff}) and (\ref{eq:enth-ff}), respectively (Figure~\ref{fig:fig05}(a)) and
+in the total energy equation (Figure~\ref{fig:fig05}(b)). Unlike in the mixing layer
+studied by \citet{vre95b}, in this f\/low the pressure
+dilatation $\Pi_{\rm dil}$ is negligible, and the viscous dissipation
+$\varepsilon_{\rm v}$ is one order of magnitude smaller than the divergence of
+the SGS heat f\/lux. In the total energy equation (\ref{eq:tot-en-ff}),
+the SGS turbulent diffusion $\partial{\cal J}_j/\partial x_j$ is
+comparable with the divergence of the SGS heat f\/lux and the SGS viscous
+diffusion is one order of magnitude smaller than the other terms. In
+this section several models for the more signif\/icant terms are examined.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Subsection 5.1 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\subsection{SGS Heat Flux}
+\label{sec:5.1}
+
+The simplest approach to modeling the SGS heat f\/lux $Q_j$ is to use an
+eddy-diffusivity model of the form
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:eddy-diff}
+ Q_j = -\frac{\rhob\nu_{\rm T}}{\prt}\frac{\partial \Tt}{\partial x_j}
+ = -C \frac{\delbar^2\rhob|\St|}{\prt}\frac{\partial \Tt}{\partial x_j},
+\end{equation}
+where $C$ is the eddy-viscosity coeff\/icient that can be either
+assigned if a model of the form (\ref{eq:tauij-yoshi}) is used, or
+computed dynamically as in (\ref{eq:coeff_dsm}). The turbulent
+Prandtl number $\prt$ can be also f\/ixed or calculated dynamically
+according to\pagebreak
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:prt-dev}
+ \prt = \frac{C\langle T_kT_k\rangle}{\langle\Kj T_j\rangle},
+\end{equation}
+where
+\begin{equation}
+ T_j= -\delhat^2\rhobh|\Stb|\frac{\partial\Ttb}{\partial x_j}
+ +\delbar^2\widehat{\rhob|\St|\frac{\partial\Tt}{\partial x_j}}
+ ,\qquad
+ \Kj = \left(\frac{\widehat{\overline{\rho u_j}
+ \,\overline{\rho T}}}{\rhob} \right)
+ - \frac{\widehat{\overline{ \rho u_j }}\,
+ \widehat{\overline{ \rho T }}}{\rhobh}.
+\end{equation}
+
+A mixed model of the form
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:qj-dmm}
+ Q_j = -C\frac{\delbar^2\rhob|\St|}{\prt}\frac{\partial\Tt}{\partial x_j}
+ +\rhob \left(\widetilde{\utj\Tt} - \uttj\Ttt\right)
+\end{equation}
+was proposed by \citet{spe88}. The model coeff\/icients
+$C$ and $\prt$ can again be assigned or adjusted dynamically
+according to (\ref{eq:c-dmm}) and
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:prt-dmm}
+ \prt = C \frac{\langle T_kT_k\rangle}
+ {\langle\Kj T_j\rangle-\langle V_jT_j\rangle } ,
+\end{equation}
+with
+\begin{equation}
+ V_j = \rhobh\left(\breve{\widetilde{\utbj\Ttb}}
+ - \utbtbj\Ttbtb \right) -
+ \widehat{\rhob \left(\widetilde{\utj\Tt} - \uttj\Ttt\right)}.
+\end{equation}
+
+\begin{figure}[t]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=85mm]{06fig.eps}
+\vspace{85mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{{\it A priori} comparison of the SGS heat f\/lux $Q_j$. (a)
+Correlation coeff\/icient and (b) nondimensional rms magnitude. \solid, Eddy-diffusivity model
+(\protect\ref{eq:eddy-diff}), $Pr_{\rm T}=0.7$; \dashed, eddy-diffusivity model
+(\protect\ref{eq:eddy-diff}), Prandtl number adjusted according to (\protect\ref{eq:prt-dev});
+\chndot, mixed model (\protect\ref{eq:qj-dmm})--(\protect\ref{eq:prt-dmm}); \trian$\!$,\ $\,$
+DNS.}
+\label{fig:fig06}
+\end{figure}
+
+Figure~\ref{fig:fig06}(a) shows the correlation coeff\/icient for the three models
+described above. Both eddy-viscosity models overlap on the plot
+giving a poor correlation factor, roughly 0.2, whereas the mixed model
+gives a correlation above 0.6. Both eddy viscosity models
+under-predict the rms of the exact $Q_j$, shown in Figure~\ref{fig:fig06}(b), while the
+mixed model is more accurate.
+The mixed model maintains accuracy for all f\/ilter-widths
+$\delbar/\Delta\leq16$ (Figure~\ref{fig:fig07}).
+
+\begin{figure}[t]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=45mm]{07fig.eps}
+\vspace{45mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{Nondimensional rms magnitude of $Q_j$ versus f\/ilter-width
+at $t/\tau_t=6.5$. \solid, eddy-diffusivity model (\protect\ref{eq:eddy-diff}), $Pr_{\rm
+T}=0.7$; \dashed, eddy-diffusivity model (\protect\ref{eq:eddy-diff}), Prandtl number adjusted
+according to (\protect\ref{eq:prt-dev}); \chndot, mixed model
+(\protect\ref{eq:qj-dmm})--(\protect\ref{eq:prt-dmm}); \trian, DNS.}
+\label{fig:fig07}
+\end{figure}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Subsection 5.2 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\subsection{SGS Viscous Dissipation}
+\label{sec:5.2}
+
+The other term in the enthalpy or internal energy equations that was
+found to be signif\/icant in the present f\/low is the viscous dissipation
+$\varepsilon_{\rm v}$. In this section the three models proposed by
+\citet{vre95b} are tested:\pagebreak
+\begin{eqnarray}
+ \label{eq:ev-dss}
+ \varepsilon_{\rm v}^{(1)} & = &
+ C_{\varepsilon1} \left(\widetilde{\widetilde{\sigma}_{ji}\Stij}
+ -\widetilde{\widetilde{\sigma}}_{ij}\Sttij
+ \right) ;\\
+ \label{eq:ev-dtone}
+ \varepsilon_{\rm v}^{(2)} & = & C_{\varepsilon2}\rhob \widetilde{q}^3/\delbar ,
+ \qquad \widetilde{q}^2 \sim\delbar^2|\St|^2 ; \\
+ \label{eq:ev-dttwo}
+ \varepsilon_{\rm v}^{(3)} & = & C_{\varepsilon3}\rhob \widetilde{q}^3\delbar ,
+ \qquad \widetilde{q}^2 \sim \widetilde{\utk\util}_k-\uttk\uttk .
+\end{eqnarray}
+The f\/irst is a scale-similar model; the second and third represent the
+SGS dissipation as the ratio between the cube of the SGS velocity
+scale, $\widetilde{q}$, and the length scale. The velocity scale can
+be obtained using either the \citet{yos86} model, as in
+(\ref{eq:ev-dtone}), or the scale-similar model as in
+(\ref{eq:ev-dttwo}). \citet{vre95b} f\/ixed the values
+of the coeff\/icients by matching the rms magnitude of the modeled and
+exact terms obtained from the {\it a priori} test, and obtained
+$C_{\varepsilon1}=8$, $C_{\varepsilon2}=1.6$, and $C_{\varepsilon3}=0.6$. In
+the present study the dynamic procedure will be used instead to
+determine the coeff\/icients. The analog of the Germano identity for
+this term reads
+\begin{equation}
+ \left\langle\widehat{\widetilde\sigma_{ji}\Stij}
+ - \widehat{\overline{\rho\sigma_{ij}}}\,
+ \widehat{\overline{\rho\Sij}}/\rhobh^2\right\rangle =
+ \left\langle E_{\rm v}^{(n)}-\widehat{\varepsilon_{\rm v}^{(n)}}\right\rangle,
+\end{equation}
+and the modeled terms $\varepsilon_{\rm v}^{(n)}$ can be given
+respectively by (\ref{eq:ev-dss})--(\ref{eq:ev-dttwo}), while the
+$E_{\rm v}^{(n)}$ are
+\begin{eqnarray}
+ E_{\rm v}^{(1)} & = &
+ C_{\varepsilon1}
+ \left(\breve{\widetilde{\breve{\widetilde{\sigma}}_{ji}\Stbij}}
+ -\breve{\widetilde{\breve{\widetilde{\sigma}}}}_{ij}\Stbtbij
+ \right) ;\\
+ E_{\rm v}^{(2)} & = & C_{\varepsilon2} \rhobh \breve{\widetilde{q}}^3/\delhat ,
+ \qquad \breve{\widetilde{q}}^2 \sim\delhat^2|\Stb|^2 ; \\
+ E_{\rm v}^{(3)} & = & C_{\varepsilon3} \rhobh \breve{\widetilde{q}}^3/\delhat ,
+ \qquad \breve{\widetilde{q}}^2 \sim \breve{\widetilde{\utbi\utbj}} -
+ \utbtbi\utbtbj.
+\end{eqnarray}
+
+\begin{figure}[t]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=85mm]{08fig.eps}
+\vspace{85mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{{\it A priori} comparison of the SGS viscous dissipation
+$\varepsilon_{\rm v}$. (a) Correlation coeff\/icient and (b) nondimensional rms magnitude.
+\solid, scale-similar model (33); \dashed, dynamic model (34); \chndot, dynamic model (35);
+\trian, DNS.}
+\label{fig:fig08}
+\end{figure}
+
+Figure~\ref{fig:fig08}(a) shows the correlation coeff\/icient for the three models.
+The scale-similar model gives the highest correlation. The use of a
+velocity scale obtained from the scale-similar assumption, however,
+results in improved prediction of the rms magnitude; using
+$q\sim\delbar|\St|$ yields a signif\/icant overprediction of the rms.
+The values of the coeff\/icients obtained from the dynamic adjustment in
+this f\/low are signif\/icantly lower than those obtained in the mixing
+layer by \citet{vre95b}. For the particular
+f\/ilter-width shown, we obtained $C_{\varepsilon 1}=2.4$, and $C_{\varepsilon
+ 2}=0.03$, while $C_{\varepsilon3}$ increased monotonically in time from
+0.25 to 0.4. The fact that with these values the f\/irst and third
+models match the rms magnitude of the exact term indicates a lack of
+universality of these constants. Dynamic adjustment of the model
+coeff\/icient appears to be benef\/icial for this term.
+
+\begin{figure}[t]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=45mm]{09fig.eps}
+\vspace{45mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{Nondimensional rms magnitude of $\varepsilon_{\rm v}$
+versus f\/ilter-width at $t/\tau_t=6.5$. \solid, scale-similar model (33); \dashed, dynamic
+model (34); \chndot, dynamic model (35); \trian, DNS.}
+\label{fig:fig09}
+\end{figure}
+
+The modeling of the viscous dissipation is more sensitive than the
+other terms to the f\/ilter-width. The prediction accuracy deteriorates
+with increasing f\/ilter-width, and in this case even for
+$\delbar/\Delta=16$ none of the models is particularly accurate
+(Figure~\ref{fig:fig09}).
+\pagebreak
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Subsection 5.3 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\subsection{SGS Turbulent Diffusion}
+\label{sec:5.3}
+
+The SGS turbulent diffusion $\partial{\cal J}_j/\partial x_j$ appears
+in the total energy equation (\ref{eq:tot-en-ff}). Comte and Lesieur (1998)
+did not model this term explicitly, but added it to
+the SGS heat f\/lux by using an eddy-diffusivity model to parametrize
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:comtel-qj}
+ \left( \widetilde{\rho Eu_j} +\widetilde{pu_j} \right) -
+ \left(\rhob \widetilde{E}\util_j+\pb\util_j\right)
+ = \gamma \rhob \left(\widetilde{u_j T}-\util_j\widetilde{T}\right)
+ + {\cal J}_j
+ \simeq -\frac{\nu_{\rm T}}{\prt}
+ \frac{\partial\widetilde{T}}{\partial x_j};
+\end{equation}
+with this model, however, the SGS turbulent diffusion ${\cal J}_j$,
+which depends mostly on the unresolved velocity f\/luctuations, is
+modeled in terms of the temperature gradient. In an isothermal f\/low,
+${\cal J}_j$ may be nonzero, and, even if the temperature is
+not constant, there is no reason to couple a term due to mechanical
+energy gradients to the temperature. A model of the form
+(\ref{eq:comtel-qj}) effectively neglects ${\cal J}_j$.
+
+The only attempt to model the SGS turbulent diffusion was that by
+\citet{kni98}. They argue that $\uti\simeq\utti$ and
+propose a model of the form
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:tdif-knight}
+ {\cal J}_j \simeq \utk\tau_{jk}.
+\end{equation}
+
+A dynamic scale-similar model can be obtained using the generalized
+central moments \citep{ger92}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+ \label{eq:gcm1}
+ \tau(u_i,u_j) & = & \rhob\left[\widetilde{u_iu_j} - \uti\utj\right], \\
+ \label{eq:gcm2}
+ \tau(u_i,u_j,u_k) & = & \rhob\widetilde{u_iu_ju_k}
+ - \uti\tau(u_j,u_k) - \utj\tau(u_i,u_k)
+ - \utk\tau(u_i,u_j) - \rhob\uti\utj\utk.
+\end{eqnarray}
+Using this notation the turbulent diffusion term can be written as
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:tdiff2}
+ 2 {\cal J}_j = \tau(u_j,u_k,u_k) + 2\utk\tau(u_j,u_k) ,
+\end{equation}
+since $\tau(u_j,u_k)=\tau_{jk}$. Using this formalism, scale-similar
+models can be derived by approximating the quadratic terms using the
+f\/iltered velocities $\util_j$ to replace the velocities $u_j$; for
+instance, one can write
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:gcm_ss1}
+ \tau(u_i,u_j) \sim \tau(\uti,\utj) \quad \Rightarrow \quad
+ \rhob\left(\widetilde{u_iu_j}-\uti\utj\right) \sim
+ \rhob\left(\widetilde{\uti\utj}-\utti\uttj\right) .
+\end{equation}
+If the proportionality constant in (\ref{eq:gcm_ss1}) is set to one,
+the scale-similar part of the mixed model (\ref{eq:tauij-sezhu})
+is obtained. Analogously, the triple product can be written as
+\begin{eqnarray}
+ \label{eq:tdiff_mod}
+ 2{\cal J}_j & = & \tau(u_j,u_k,u_k) + 2\utk\tau(u_j,u_k) \nonumber \\
+ & \simeq & C_{J}\tau(\utj,\utk,\utk) + 2\utk\tau(u_j,u_k) \nonumber \\
+ & = & C_{J} \left[ \rhob\widetilde{\utj\utk\utk}
+ - \rhob\uttj\uttk\uttk
+ - \uttj\Akk - 2\uttk\Ajk \right]
+ + 2\utk\tau_{jk} ,
+\end{eqnarray}
+the last term is parametrized by the same model used in the momentum
+equation. The coeff\/icient $C_J$ can be set using the identity
+\begin{equation}
+\widehat{\rhob\utj\utk\utk} - \rhobh\utbj\utbk\utbk
+ = 2 J_j - 2 \widehat{ {\cal J}_j} ,
+\end{equation}
+where
+\begin{eqnarray}
+ 2 J_j & = & C_{J} \left[ \rhobh\breve{\widetilde{\utbj\utbk\utbk}}
+ - \rhobh\utbtbj\utbtbk\utbtbk
+ - \utbtbj\Bkk - 2\utbtbk\Bjk \right]
+ + 2\utbk T_{jk}, \nonumber \\
+\Bjk & = & \rhobh\left(\breve{\widetilde{\utbj\utbk}}
+ - \utbtbj\utbtbk\right),
+\end{eqnarray}
+to yield
+\begin{equation}
+ C_J = \frac{\left\langle \left(\widehat{\rhob\utj\utk\utk} -
+ \rhobh\utbj\utbk\utbk\right) {\cal P}_j
+ -{\cal Q}_j{\cal P}_j\right\rangle}
+ {\langle{\cal P}_k{\cal P}_k\rangle},
+\end{equation}
+where
+\begin{eqnarray}
+ {\cal P}_j & = & \left[ \rhobh\breve{\widetilde{\utbj\utbk\utbk}}
+ - \rhobh\utbtbj\utbtbk\utbtbk
+ - \utbtbj\Bkk - 2\utbtbk\Bjk \right]
+ \nonumber \\
+ & - & \left[ \widehat{\rhob\widetilde{\utj\utk\utk}}
+ -\widehat{\rhob\uttj\uttk\uttk}
+ - \widehat{\uttj\Akk} - 2\widehat{\uttk\Ajk}
+ \right], \\
+ {\cal Q}_j & = & 2 \left( \utbk T_{jk} - \widehat{\utk\tau_{jk}}
+ \right) .
+\end{eqnarray}
+
+\begin{figure}[t]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=86mm]{10fig.eps}
+\vspace{86mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{{\it A priori} comparison of the SGS turbulent diffusion
+${\cal J}_j$. (a) Correlation coeff\/icient and (b) nondimensional rms magnitude. \solid, knight
+\etal (1998); \dashed, scale-similar, one-coeff\/icient model; \trian, DNS.}
+\label{fig:fig10}
+\end{figure}
+
+Figure~\ref{fig:fig10}(a) shows the correlation coeff\/icient for the two models
+(\ref{eq:tdif-knight}) and (\ref{eq:tdiff_mod}) and using (21)--(22) to
+model $\tau_{jk}$. The correlation factor is greater than 0.7 for
+both models, and both models overpredict slightly the rms magnitude
+of ${\cal J}_j$ (Figure~\ref{fig:fig10}(b)). When the one-coeff\/icient, scale-similar
+model is used this overprediction is signif\/icantly reduced. Both
+models perform equally well for $\delbar/\Delta\leq16$, while neither
+is accurate for $\delbar/\Delta=32$.
+\pagebreak
+
+\begin{figure}[t]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=86mm]{11fig.eps}
+\vspace{86mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{{\it A priori} comparison of the SGS viscous diffusion
+${\cal D}_j$. (a) Correlation coeff\/icient and (b) nondimensional rms magnitude. \solid,
+scale-similar model; \trian, DNS.}
+\label{fig:fig11}
+\end{figure}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Subsection 5.4 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\subsection{SGS Viscous Diffusion}
+\label{sec:5.4}
+
+The SGS viscous diffusion $\partial{\cal D}_j/\partial x_j$ is the
+smallest of the terms in the total energy equation, and is about 5\%
+of the divergence of $Q_j$. No model for this term has been proposed
+in the literature to date. One possibility is to parametrize it
+using a scale-similar model of the form\pagebreak
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:vdif}
+ {\cal D}_j = C_D ( \widetilde{\widetilde{\sigma}_{ij}\uti}
+ - \widetilde{\widetilde{\sigma}}_{ij}\utti ) ,
+\end{equation}
+in which the coeff\/icient can be obtained from
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:cd}
+ C_D = \frac{\left\langle\left[
+ \widehat{{\overline{\rho\sigma_{ij}}\,\overline{\rho u_i}}/
+ {\rhob^2}}
+ - {\widehat{\overline{\rho\sigma_{ij}}}\,
+ \widehat{\overline{\rho u_i}}}/
+ {\rhobh^2}
+ \right] {\cal R}_j \right\rangle}
+ { \left\langle{\cal R}_k{\cal R}_k\right\rangle } ,
+\end{equation}
+where
+\begin{equation}
+ {\cal R}_l =
+ \left(\breve{\widetilde{ \breve{\widetilde{\sigma}}_{lk}\utbk}}
+ -\breve{\widetilde{\breve{\widetilde{\sigma}}}}_{lk}\utbtbk \right)
+ - \left(\widehat{\widetilde{\widetilde{\sigma}_{lk}\utk}}
+ -\widehat{\widetilde{\widetilde{\sigma}}_{lk}\uttk} \right) .
+\end{equation}
+As can be seen from Figure~\ref{fig:fig11}, this model gives a poor correlation and poor
+agreement for the prediction of the rms magnitude. However, since
+the viscous diffusion is relatively small, its contribution to
+the total energy spectrum does not go to the inertial range, but rather
+to the decaying range. In this situation the accuracy of the model
+is degraded, as shown by \citet{men97}. Thus, the scale-similar
+approach may still give good predictions when this term is signif\/icant.
+In this particular f\/low, the error given by the model (or by not using
+a model) may be tolerable given the small contribution that the term
+gives to the energy budget.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Subsection 5.5 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\subsection{General Considerations}
+\label{sec:5.5}
+
+In addition to the term-by-term comparisons shown before, it is
+possible to evaluate the global accuracy of the models by comparing
+the sum of the exact SGS terms and the modeled quantity, namely,
+\begin{equation}
+ \label{eq:global}
+ E_{SGS}=\gamma C_{\rm v}Q_j + {\textstyle\half}{\cal J}_j - {\cal D}_j.
+\end{equation}
+
+\begin{figure}[t]
+%\centering
+%\includegraphics[height=85mm]{12fig.eps}
+\vspace{85mm}% to simulate the figure
+\caption{{\it A priori} comparison of the sum of the SGS terms in
+the total energy equation (\ref{eq:tot-en-ff}). (a) Correlation coeff\/icient and (b)
+nondimensional rms magnitude. \solid, Model; \trian, DNS.}
+\label{fig:fig12}
+\end{figure}
+
+The mixed model (26)--(27) was used for the SGS heat f\/lux, the
+scale-similar model (44)--(45) for the SGS turbulent diffusion, and the SGS
+viscous diffusion has been neglected. Figure~\ref{fig:fig12}(a) shows the correlation
+coeff\/icient for the exact and modeled quantities. While the
+individual correlations were roughly 0.6 and 0.7 for the SGS heat f\/lux
+model and the SGS turbulent diffusion, respectively, the global
+correlation drops just below 0.6 when considering the sum of the
+terms. Figure~\ref{fig:fig12}(b) shows the rms for both quantities.
+The agreement between the exact and modeled quantities is slightly
+less\pagebreak\ accurate than for the SGS heat f\/lux alone, Figure~\ref{fig:fig06}(b), but more
+accurate than for the SGS turbulent diffusion alone, Figure~\ref{fig:fig10}(b).
+Figure~\ref{fig:fig12} shows that the overall performance is very good.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% Section 6 %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\section{Conclusions}
+\label{sec:6}
+
+Several mixed and eddy-viscosity models for the momentum and energy
+equations have been tested. The velocity, pressure, density, and
+temperature f\/ields obtained from the DNS of homogeneous isotropic
+turbulence at $Re_\lambda=50$, $M_t=0.52$ were f\/iltered and the
+unclosed terms in the momentum, internal energy, and total energy
+equations were computed.
+
+In the momentum equation, mixed models were found to give better
+prediction, in terms of both correlation and {\rm rms} amplitude,
+than the pure eddy-viscosity models. The dynamic adjustment of the
+model coeff\/icient was benef\/icial, as already observed by
+\citet{moi91}.
+
+In the internal energy and enthalpy equations only the divergence of
+the SGS heat f\/lux was signif\/icant in this f\/low; the SGS pressure
+dilatation $\Pi_{\rm dil}$ and viscous dissipation $\varepsilon_{\rm v}$,
+which were signif\/icant in the mixing layer studied by \citet{vre95b},
+were found to be negligible here. Once again, mixed dynamic models
+gave the most accurate results.
+
+In the total energy equation two additional terms are present, one of
+which, the turbulent diffusion $\partial{\cal J}_j/\partial x_j$, is
+signif\/icant. The model proposed by \citet{kni98} and a new
+scale-similar model proposed here correlate well with the actual SGS
+turbulent diffusion, and predict the correct {\rm rms} amplitude.
+However, the new scale-similar model was found to be more accurate. A
+mixed model for the SGS viscous diffusion was also proposed and
+tested, although this term is much smaller than the others. The
+accuracy of the models for the sum of the terms was also evaluated,
+and it was found that the models proposed still predict nearly the
+correct {\rm rms} amplitude, and an acceptable value of the
+correlation coeff\/icient.
+
+The results obtained in this investigation are promising and indicate
+that it is possible to model accurately the terms in the energy
+equations. Further work may extend these results to cases in which the
+pressure-dilatation is signif\/icant, as well as to inhomogeneous
+f\/lows, and evaluate these models {\it a posteriori}.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% References %%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+
+\bibitem[Bardina \etal(1980)]{bar80} Bardina, J., Ferziger, J.H., and Reynolds, W.C. (1980). Improved subgrid-scale models
+for large eddy simulation. AIAA Paper 80-1357.
+
+\bibitem[Comte and Lesieur(1998)]{com98} Comte, P., and Lesieur, M. (1998). Large-eddy simulation of compressible turbulent
+f\/lows. In: {\it Advances in Turbulence Modeling}, edited by D.~Olivari. Von Karman Institute
+for Fluid Dynamics, Rhode-Ste-Gen\`ese, 4:1--4:133.
+
+\bibitem[El-Hady \etal(1994)]{elh94} El-Hady, N., Zang, T.A. , and Piomelli, U. (1994). Application of the dynamic
+subgrid-scale model to axisymmetric transitional boundary layer at high speed. \pofa{6},
+1299--1309.
+
+\bibitem[Erlebacher \etal(1992)]{erl92} Erlebacher, G., Hussaini, M.Y., Speziale, C.G., and Zang, T.A. (1992). Toward the
+large-eddy simulation of compressible turbulent f\/lows. \jfm{238}, 155--185.
+
+\bibitem[Favre(1965a)]{fav65a} Favre, A. (1965a). \'{E}quations des gaz turbulents compressible. I. Formes
+g\'{e}n\'{e}rales. {\it J. M\'ec.}, {\bf 4}, 361--390.
+
+\bibitem[Favre(1965b)]{fav65b} Favre, A. (1965b). \'{E}quations des gaz turbulents compressible. II. M\'{e}thode des
+vitesses moyennes; m\'{e}thode des vitesses macroscopiques pond\'{e}r\'{e}es par la masse
+volumique. {\it J. M\'ec.}, {\bf 4}, 391--421.
+
+\bibitem[Germano(1992)]{ger92} Germano, M. (1992). Turbulence: the f\/iltering approach. \jfm{238}, 325--336.
+
+\bibitem[Knight \etal(1998)]{kni98} Knight, D., Zhou, G., Okong'o, N., and Shukla, V. (1998). Compressible large eddy
+simulation using unstructured grids. AIAA Paper 98-0535.
+
+\bibitem[Leonard(1974)]{leo74} Leonard, A. (1974). Energy cascade in large-eddy simulations of turbulent f\/luid f\/lows.
+{\it Adv. Geophys.}, {\bf 18A}, 237--248.
+
+\bibitem[Lilly(1992)]{lil92} Lilly, D.K. (1992). A proposed modif\/ication of the Germano subgrid-scale closure
+method. \pofa{4}, 633--635.
+
+\bibitem[Mart\protect{\'\i}n and Candler(1998)]{mar98} Mart\'{\i}n, M.P., and Candler, G.V. (1998). Effect of chemical reactions on decaying
+isotropic turbulence. {\it Phys.\ Fluids}, {\bf 10}, 1715--1724.
+
+\bibitem[Mart\protect{\'\i}n and Candler(1999)]{mar99} Mart\'{\i}n, M.P., and Candler, G.V. (1999). Subgrid-scale model for the temperature
+f\/luctuations in reacting hypersonic turbulent f\/lows. {\it Phys.\ Fluids}, {\bf 11},
+2765--2771.
+
+\bibitem[Meneveau and Lund(1997)]{men97} Meneveau, C., and Lund, T.S. (1997). The dynamic Smagorinsky model and
+scale-dependent coeff\/icients in the viscous range of turbulence. {\it Phys.\ Fluids}, {\bf 9},
+3932--3934.
+
+\bibitem[Moin \etal(1991)]{moi91} Moin, P., Squires, K.D., Cabot, W.H., and Lee, S. (1991). A dynamic subgrid-scale
+model for compressible turbulence and scalar transport. \pofa{3}, 2746--2757.
+
+\bibitem[Normand and Lesieur(1992)]{nor92} Normand, X., and Lesieur, M. (1992). Direct and large-eddy simulation of laminar
+breakdown in high-speed axisymmetric boundary layers. {\it Theoret.\ Comput.\ Fluid Dynamics},
+{\bf 3}, 231--252.
+
+\bibitem[Ristorcelli and Blaisdell(1997)]{ris97} Ristorcelli, J.R., and Blaisdell, G.A. (1997). Consistent initial conditions for the
+DNS of compressible turbulence. {\it Phys.~Fluids}, {\bf 9}, 4--6.
+
+\bibitem[Smagorinsky(1963)]{sma63} Smagorinsky, J. (1963). General circulation experiments with the primitive equations.
+I.~The basic experiment. {\it Mon. Weather Rev.} {\bf 91}, 99--164.
+
+\bibitem[Speciale \etal(1988)]{spe88} Speziale, C.G., Erlebacher, G., Zang, T.A., and Hussaini, M.Y. (1988) The
+subgrid-scale modeling of compressible turbulence. \pofa{31}, 940--942.
+
+\bibitem[Vreman \etal(1995a)]{vre95a} Vreman, B., Geurts, B., and Kuerten, H. (1995a). A priori tests of large eddy
+simulation of the compressible mixing layer. {\it J. Engrg.\ Math.}, {\bf 29}, 299--327.
+
+\bibitem[Vreman \etal(1995b)]{vre95b} Vreman, B., Geurts, B., and Kuerten, H. (1995b). Subgrid-modeling in LES of
+compressible f\/low. {\it Appl. Sci.\ Res.}, {\bf 54}, 191--203.
+
+\bibitem[Yoshizawa(1986)]{yos86} Yoshizawa, A. (1986). Statistical theory for compressible turbulent shear f\/lows, with
+the application to subgrid modeling. \pofa{29}, 2152--2164.
+
+\bibitem[Zang \etal(1992)]{zan92} Zang, T.A., Dahlburg, R.B., and Dahlburg, J.P. (1992). Direct and large-eddy
+simulations of three-dimensional compressible Navier--Stokes turbulence. \pofa{4}, 127--140.
+
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/natbib.dtx b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/natbib.dtx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..41bfe6da4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/natbib.dtx
@@ -0,0 +1,4464 @@
+% \iffalse THIS IS A META-COMMENT
+%<*dtx>
+\ProvidesFile
+%========================================================================
+ {NATBIB.DTX}
+%========================================================================
+%</dtx>
+%% Copyright 1993-1999 Patrick W Daly
+%% Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Aeronomie
+%% Max-Planck-Str. 2
+%% D-37191 Katlenburg-Lindau
+%% Germany
+%% E-mail: daly@linmpi.mpg.de
+%
+% This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+% of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+% archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+% version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+%
+% This is a contributed file to the LaTeX2e system.
+% -------------------------------------------------
+% This is a LaTeX package to modify \cite and \thebibliography for author-year
+% systems of bibliographic citation; will also work with
+% numerical systems, allowing simplified style changes for them too.
+% Installation:
+% LaTeX this file: creates docstrip installation file natbib.ins
+% AND the (LaTeX2e) documentation
+% (La)TeX natbib.ins: creates package file natbib.sty
+% and optionally documentation driver natbib.drv
+% (natbib.ins may be edited as needed)
+% Docstrip options available:
+% package - to produce a (LaTeX2e) package .sty file
+% notes - to produce a reference sheet for natbib usage
+% driver - to produce a driver file to print the documentation
+% 209 - (with package) for style file that runs under LaTeX 2.09
+% subpack - (with package) for coding included in other packages
+% all - (with package) to include all author-year systems
+% else individually with:
+% apalike, newapa, chicago, harvard, authordate, astron
+% agu - (with package,subpack) for inclusion in aguplus package
+% egs- (with package,subpack) for inclusion in egs package
+% nopreonly - allows \citestyle and \bibpunct to be used anywhere
+%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%<*!subpack>
+%<package&209>\def\ProvidesPackage#1#2]
+%<package&209> {\typeout{Style option `#1'#2]}}
+%
+% *** Identify the package file:-
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+% (Need LaTeX2e release 3 for option definition with single #)
+%<package>\ProvidesPackage{natbib}
+%</!subpack>
+%
+% *** Provide command to dislay module version
+%<package&subpack>\def\ModuleVersion#1[#2]{}
+%<package&subpack> \ModuleVersion{natbib}
+%
+% *** Provide command to identify reference sheet (notes)
+%<notes>\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+%<notes>\def\DescribesFile#1 [#2 #3 #4]
+%<notes> {\def\filename{#1}\def\filedate{#2}\def\fileversion{#3}}
+%<notes>\DescribesFile{natbib}
+%
+% *** Identify the driver file:-
+%<driver>\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+%<driver>\ProvidesFile{natbib.drv}
+%
+% *** The DATE, VERSION, and other INFO
+%\fi
+%\ProvidesFile{natbib}
+ [1999/05/28 7.0 (PWD)]
+% \changes{4.0}{1993 Aug 19}{First documented release}
+% \changes{4.1}{1993 Oct 4}{Simplification of \cs{@citeapalk}}
+% \changes{4.1a}{1993 Oct 14}{Add \texttt{rev} option for reversed comments
+% in \cs{cite}}
+% \changes{4.1b}{1993 Oct 18}{Add \cs{bibfont} to list definition =\cs{relax}}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Add coding for AGU, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Nov 20}{Add more coding for AGU}
+% \changes{4.3a}{1994 Feb 24}{First additions for \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Revised for \LaTeXe{} and 2.09}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Remove obsolete JGR, GRL coding}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add \cs{citeauthor}, \cs{citeyear}}
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+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{\cs{@citex} defined as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Local config file \texttt{natbib.cfg} read in}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add \cs{citefullauthor}, options \texttt{angle},
+% \texttt{curly}}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Add star version of \cs{cite} for full authors}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 26}{Fix accents in citations with proper definition
+% of \cs{protect}}
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+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Replace \cs{if@tempswa} by \cs{ifNAT@swa}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add superscript citation type to \cs{bibpunct}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add \cs{@citesuper}, fix up bugs in superscripts}
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+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 03}{Add \cs{citestyle} same as \cs{bibstyle}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 08}{For repeated years and authors, print just letter}
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+% \cs{@cite}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 16}{Add \cs{citealt} for citation with no
+% parentheses}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Reorganize internal commands, using \cs{NAT@}
+% prefixes}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Punctuation selection commands \cs{bibpunct},
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+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add automatic indexing of citations}
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+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 10}{Replace all \cs{uppercase}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 11}{Add \cs{citet}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Feb 2}{Fix superscript size}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Mar 05}{Add length \cs{bibsep} for linespacing between
+% references}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Apr 15}{Fix clash with \texttt{amsart} and
+% \texttt{amsbook}}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 10}{Allow \texttt{showkeys} to be loaded first}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 17}{Fix punctuation for \texttt{plainnat}}
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+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Make compatible with \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
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+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 10}{For EGS, no blank line between references}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Recode notes so they work with \cs{citet} and
+% \cs{citep}; change documentation to stress these commands over \cs{cite}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Feb 5}{Fix KOMA script properly}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Apr 6}{Fix \cs{nocite} to work with \texttt{chapterbib}}
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+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 4}{Add \cs{citeyearpar}}
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+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 12}{Add \cs{citealp} like \cs{citep} without parentheses}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 24}{Fix \texttt{showkeys} functionality}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 25}{Improve \texttt{hyperref} functionality}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 30}{Fix bug in \cs{NAT@citex}}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Jul 14}{Add \texttt{longnamesfirst} option}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Sep 12}{Fix interface with \texttt{showkeys}}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Nov 10}{Fix interface with \texttt{babel}}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Nov 11}{Add reference sheet extraction}
+% \changes{6.8}{1997 Dec 1}{Permit \cs{@biblabel} to be user modified}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Fix hyperref bug in \cs{citep}}
+% \changes{6.8a}{1998 Mar 6}{Correct wrong name for \texttt{longnamesfirst}
+% in the documentation}
+% \changes{6.8a}{1998 May 14}{\cs{@biblabel} only redefinable for numerical
+% mode}
+% \changes{6.8b}{1998 July 6}{Hyperref: to work with \texttt{chapterbib} and
+% breaks links in textual citations}
+% \changes{6.8c}{1998 July 14}{Hyperref: remove opening brace and notes from
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+% \changes{6.8d}{1998 Nov 23}{Fix bug in \texttt{super} option; suppress brackets}
+% \changes{6.9}{1999 Jan 22}{Fix bug with \cs{makeindex}}
+% \changes{6.9}{1999 Feb 23}{Update copyright notice}
+% \changes{6.9}{1999 Mar 26}{Babel test made more general}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 7}{With empty year, act like \cs{citeauthor}}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 21}{Correct \cs{bibsection} for \texttt{amsbook}}
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+%^^A =============================================
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+%^^A It is written on first LaTeX run if it
+%^^A does not already exist
+%^^A =============================================
+\begin{filecontents*}{natbib.ins}
+% File: natbib.ins
+% Copyright 1999 Patrick W. Daly
+%
+% This file can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+% of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+% archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+% version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+%
+% It is an installation file for extracting package and driver
+% files from the original source file. Simply process it under
+% TeX or LaTeX. It works with Docstrip versions before and after
+% December 1995.
+
+\def\batchfile{natbib.ins}
+\input docstrip
+
+\preamble
+=============================================
+IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+
+This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+
+This is a generated file.
+It may not be distributed without the original source file \inFileName.
+
+Full documentation can be obtained by LaTeXing that original file.
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+=============================================
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+
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+% Docstrip before Dec 95 does not have \generate syntax, nor
+% \declarepreamble. Must redefine them. The \generateFile called
+% for each output file individually.
+% Docstrip before Dec 96 cannot interprete multiline \if..\fi
+% Thus for maximum compatibility, have only one-line conditionals
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+\let\oldDS F\relax
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+\if\oldDS T \def\declarepreamble#1{\preamble}\fi
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+\if\oldDS T \generateFile{natbib.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all}} \fi
+
+\declarepreamble\refsheet
+=============================================
+IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+
+This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+
+This is a generated file.
+It may not be distributed without the original source file \inFileName.
+
+This is a Reference Sheet for natbib. It consists of excerpts from the
+original source file.
+
+For more details, LaTeX the source \inFileName.
+==============================================
+\endpreamble
+
+\declarepostamble\refsheetq
+
+End of Reference Sheet file
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+\ifx\oldDS T \generateFile{natnotes}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{notes}}\fi
+
+\declarepreamble\driver
+============================================
+This is the driver file to produce the LaTeX documentation
+from the original source file \inFileName.
+
+Make changes to it as needed. (Never change the file \inFileName!)
+============================================
+\endpreamble
+
+\declarepostamble\driverq
+
+End of documentation driver file.
+\endpostamble
+
+\ifx\oldDS T \generateFile{natbib.drv}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{driver}}\fi
+
+\ifx\oldDS T \let\askforoverwritefalse\relax\def\generate#1{}\fi
+
+\askforoverwritefalse
+\generate{\file{natbib.sty}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all}}
+ \file{natnotes}{\usepreamble\refsheet\usepostamble\refsheetq
+ \from{natbib.dtx}{notes}}
+ \file{natbib.drv}{\usepreamble\driver\usepostamble\driverq
+ \from{natbib.dtx}{driver}}
+ }
+
+\obeyspaces
+\Msg{*********************************************}%
+\Msg{* For documentation, process natbib.dtx *}%
+\Msg{* or the driver file natbib.drv *}%
+\Msg{* For reference sheet, process natnotes.tex *}
+\Msg{*********************************************}
+\end{filecontents*}
+%</install>
+%<*driver>
+\documentclass{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[twoside]{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[a4paper]{ltxdoc}
+%<driver>%\documentclass[twoside,a4paper]{ltxdoc}
+\raggedbottom
+
+ %** To include the detailed explanation of the coding, comment out
+ %** the next line
+\OnlyDescription
+
+ %** To produce a command index: add the following line for one run,
+ %** then run makeindex -s gind.ist natbib
+ %** and reprocess, with or without this line (much faster without)
+%<driver>% \EnableCrossrefs\CodelineIndex
+
+ %** To produce a change history: add the following line for one run,
+ %** then run makeindex -s gglo.ist -o natbib.gls natbib.glo
+ %** and reprocess, with or without this line (faster without)
+%<driver>% \RecordChanges
+
+\DisableCrossrefs %May stay; zapped by \EnableCrossrefs
+\CodelineNumbered %May stay
+
+\begin{document}
+ \DocInput{natbib.dtx}
+\end{document}
+%</driver>
+%<*notes>
+%^^A ***************************
+%^^A Preamble to the Reference Sheet
+%^^A ***************************
+\documentclass{article}
+
+\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
+\setlength{\parskip}{1ex}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{\paperwidth}
+\addtolength{\textwidth}{-2in}
+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0pt}
+\setlength{\textheight}{\paperheight}
+
+\addtolength{\textheight}{-\headheight}
+\addtolength{\textheight}{-\headsep}
+\addtolength{\textheight}{-\footskip}
+\addtolength{\textheight}{-2in}
+\makeatletter
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \topsep\z@ \parsep\parskip \itemsep\z@}
+\let\@listi\@listI
+\@listi
+\makeatother
+\newcommand{\head}[1]{\subsubsection*{#1}}
+
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\markright{Reference sheet: \texttt{natbib}}
+
+\usepackage{shortvrb}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+
+\begin{document}
+\thispagestyle{plain}
+
+%</notes>
+%\fi
+%
+% \DoNotIndex{\begin,\CodelineIndex,\CodelineNumbered,\def,\DisableCrossrefs}
+% \DoNotIndex{\DocInput,\documentclass,\EnableCrossrefs,\end,\GetFileInfo}
+% \DoNotIndex{\NeedsTeXFormat,\OnlyDescription,\RecordChanges,\usepackage}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ProvidesClass,\ProvidesPackage,\ProvidesFile,\RequirePackage}
+% \DoNotIndex{\LoadClass,\PassOptionsToClass,\PassOptionsToPackage}
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+% \DoNotIndex{\AtEndOfClass,\AtEndOfPackage,\AtBeginDocument,\AtEndDocument}
+% \DoNotIndex{\InputIfFileExists,\IfFileExists,\ClassError,\PackageError}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ClassWarning,\PackageWarning,\ClassWarningNoLine}
+% \DoNotIndex{\PackageWarningNoLine,\ClassInfo,\PackageInfo,\MessageBreak}
+% \DoNotIndex{\space,\protect,\DeclareRobustCommand,\CheckCommand}
+% \DoNotIndex{\newcommand,\renewcommand,\providecommand,\newenvironment}
+% \DoNotIndex{\renewenvironment,\newif,\newlength,\newcounter,\setlength}
+% \DoNotIndex{\setcounter,\if,\ifx,\ifcase,\ifnum,\ifdim,\else,\fi}
+% \DoNotIndex{\texttt,\textbf,\textrm,\textsl,\textsc,\reset@font}
+% \DoNotIndex{\textup,\textit,\textmd,\textsf,\emph,\futurelet}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ttfamily,\rmfamily,\sffamily,\mdseries,\bfseries,\upshape}
+% \DoNotIndex{\slshape,\scshape,\itshape,\em,\LaTeX,\LaTeXe}
+% \DoNotIndex{\filename,\fileversion,\filedate,\let,\makeindex}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@auxout,\@for,\@gobble,\@ifnextchar,\@m,\@mkboth,\@nil}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@noitemerr,\@tempa,\@tempswafalse,\@tempswatrue,\@warning}
+% \DoNotIndex{\advance,\arabic,\AtBeginDocument,\bf,\bibname,\chapter}
+% \DoNotIndex{\citation,\clubpenalty,\CodelineNumbered,\csname}
+% \DoNotIndex{\DisableCrossrefs,\do,\edef,\else,\endcsname,\endlist}
+% \DoNotIndex{\expandafter,\fi,\gdef,\global,\hbox,\hfill,\hskip,\hspace}
+% \DoNotIndex{\if,\if@filesw,\if@tempswa,\ifx,\immediate,\itemindent,\labelsep}
+% \DoNotIndex{\labelwidth,\lastskip,\leftmargin,\list,\mbox,\newblock}
+% \DoNotIndex{\newpage,\p@enumiv,\parindent,\penalty,\refname}
+% \DoNotIndex{\relax,\section,\settowidth,\sfcode,\sloppy,\small,\string}
+% \DoNotIndex{\theenumiv,\thepage,\unskip,\uppercase,\usecounter,\vskip}
+% \DoNotIndex{\widowpenalty,\write,\xdef,\z@,\catcode,\ifnum,\the}
+% \DoNotIndex{\.,\@empty,\@ifundefined,\@latex@warning,\@minus,\@plus,\ }
+% \DoNotIndex{\document,\@namedef,\@listi,\markboth,\or,\p@}
+% \DoNotIndex{\listparindent,\noexpand,\par,\parsep,\pb,\pbf,\pbfseries}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pc,\pd,\pem,\pit,\pitshape,\pmdseries,\prm,\prmfamily,\psc}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pscshape,\psf,\psffamily,\psl,\pslshape,\ptt,\pttfamily}
+% \DoNotIndex{\pupshape,\@iden,\@firstofone,\@unexpandable@protect}
+% \DoNotIndex{\&,\{,\},\bibitem,\bibindent,\if@draft,\typeout}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@ifclassloaded,\@ifstar,\@onlypreamble,\@preamblecmds}
+% \DoNotIndex{\addtolength,\endinput,\@bsphack,\begingroup,\@wrindex}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@listctr,\bibname,\enddocument,\hfil,\ignorespaces,\item}
+% \DoNotIndex{\NAT@temp,\refname,\stepcounter,\@ifpackageloaded}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@gobbletwo,\index,\itemsep,\markright,\scriptsize}
+% \DoNotIndex{\textsuperscript,\@undefined}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@celt,\@cite@list,\@citea,\@citeb,\@compress@cite}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@bsphack,\@esphack,\@h@ld,\@make@cite@list,\@ne}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@sort@celt,\@tempcnta,\@tempcntb,\delimiter,\endgroup}
+% \DoNotIndex{\ifcat,\m@ne,\number}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@markboth,\@mkboth,\nobreak,\SK@,\SK@@citex}
+% \DoNotIndex{\SK@@label,\SK@@ref,SK@def,\SK@lbibitem,\bbl@redefine}
+% \DoNotIndex{\@safe@activesfalse,\@save@activestrue,\active@prefix}
+%
+% \setcounter{IndexColumns}{2}
+% \setlength{\IndexMin}{10cm}
+% \setcounter{StandardModuleDepth}{1}
+%
+% \hyphenation{par-en-the-ti-cal}
+%
+% \GetFileInfo{natbib}
+%
+% \title{{\bfseries Natural Sciences Citations and References}\\
+% (Author--Year and Numerical Schemes)}
+%
+% \author{Patrick W. Daly}
+%
+% \date{This paper describes package \texttt{\filename}\\
+% version \fileversion{} from \filedate.
+% }
+%
+% \maketitle
+%
+% \pagestyle{myheadings}
+% \markboth{P. W. Daly}{NATURAL SCIENCES CITATIONS AND REFERENCES}
+%
+% \iffalse % The following lines belong to both the documentation and notes
+%<*notes>
+% \fi
+\newcommand{\btx}{\textsc{Bib}\TeX}
+\newcommand{\thestyle}{\texttt{\filename}}
+% \iffalse % These lines belong only to the notes
+\begin{center}{\bfseries\Large
+ Reference sheet for \thestyle\ usage}\\
+ \large(Describing version \fileversion\ from \filedate)
+\end{center}
+
+\begin{quote}\slshape
+For a more detailed description of the \thestyle\ package, \LaTeX\ the
+source file \thestyle\texttt{.dtx}.
+\end{quote}
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+%
+%^^A In order to keep all marginal notes on the one (left) side:
+%^^A (otherwise they switch sides disasterously with twoside option)
+% \makeatletter \@mparswitchfalse \makeatother
+%
+% \begin{abstract}
+% \iffalse % First line is Reference Sheet only, rest for both doc and Ref. Sheet
+%<*notes>
+\head{Overview}
+% \fi
+The \thestyle\ package is a reimplementation of the \LaTeX\ |\cite| command,
+to work with both author--year and numerical citations. It is compatible with
+the standard bibliographic style files, such as \texttt{plain.bst}, as well as
+with those for \texttt{harvard}, \texttt{apalike}, \texttt{chicago},
+\texttt{astron}, \texttt{authordate}, and of course \thestyle.
+
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+% In contrast to the packages listed above, the \thestyle{} package supports not
+% only the various author--year bibliography styles, but also those for standard
+% numerical citations. In fact, it can also produce numerical citations even
+% with an author--year bibliographic style, something that permits easy
+% switching between the two citation modes. To this end, replacements for the
+% standard \LaTeX\ \texttt{.bst} files are also provided.
+%
+% It is possible to define the citation \emph{style} (type of brackets and
+% punctuation between citations) and even to associate it with the name of
+% the bibliographic style so that it is automatically activated. Citation
+% styles can be defined for local \texttt{.bst} files by means of a
+% configuration file \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}.
+%
+% It is compatible with the packages: \texttt{babel}, \texttt{index},
+% \texttt{showkeys}, \texttt{chapterbib}, \texttt{hyperref}, \texttt{koma} and
+% with the classes \texttt{amsbook} and \texttt{amsart}. It can also emulate the
+% sorting and compressing functions of the \texttt{cite} package (with which it
+% is otherwise incompatible).
+%
+% The \thestyle\ package therefore acts as a single, flexible interface for
+% most of the available bibliographic styles.
+%
+% \end{abstract}
+%
+% \newpage\tableofcontents\newpage
+%
+% \section{Introduction}
+% The first problem of using author--year literature citations with standard
+% \LaTeX{} is that the two forms of citations are not supported. These are:
+% \begin{quote}
+% textual: \dots\ as shown by Jones et al. (1990) \dots\\
+% parenthetical: It has been shown (Jones et al., 1990) that \dots
+% \end{quote}
+% There is only one |\cite| command to do both jobs.
+%
+% A second problem is that the \texttt{thebibliography} environment for
+% listing the references insists on including the {\em labels\/} in the
+% list. These labels are normally the numbers, needed for referencing. In
+% the author--year system, they are superfluous and should be left off.
+% Thus, if one were to make up a bibliography with the author--year as
+% label, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{verbatim}
+% \begin{thebibliography}{...}
+% \bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{jon90}
+% Jones, P. K., . . .
+% \end{thebibliography}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \end{quote}
+% then |\cite{jon90}| produces the parenthetical citation [Jones et al.,
+% 1990], but there is no way to get the textual citation. Furthermore,
+% the citation text will also be included in the list of references.
+%
+% The final problem is to find a \btx{} bibliography style that will be
+% suitable.
+%
+% \section{Previous Solutions}
+% \begin{quote}\slshape
+% This section may not be of interest to all users. To find out how to use
+% \thestyle\ without reading about the historical background, go to
+% Section~\ref{sec:usage}.
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% Although the author--year citation mode is not supported by
+% \emph{standard} \LaTeX, there are a number of contributed packages that
+% try to solve this problem. The various bibliographic styles
+% (\texttt{.bst} files) that exist are usually tailored to be used with a
+% particular \LaTeX{} package.
+%
+% I have found a large number of \texttt{.bst} files on file servers that may
+% act as indicators of the various systems available.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{natsci.bst} Style}
+% What gave me my first inspiration was Stephen Gildea's \texttt{natsci.bst}
+% for use with his \texttt{agujgr.sty} file. This showed me that the problem
+% was solvable. However, Gildea's style formats |\bibitem| just as I
+% illustrated above: with an optional label consisting of abbreviated
+% authors and year. Thus only parenthetical citations can be accommodated.
+% The list of references, however, is fixed up in his style files.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{apalike.bst} Style}
+% Oren Patashnik, the originator of \btx{} and the standard \texttt{.bst}
+% files, has also worked on an author--year style, called \texttt{apalike.bst}
+% with a corresponding \texttt{apalike.sty} to support it. Again, only the
+% parenthetical citation is provided. Except for the fact that his style
+% works with version~0.99 of \btx, its functionality is identical to that
+% of the \texttt{natsci} files.
+%
+% Patashnik does not like author--year citations. He makes this very clear
+% in his \btx{} manuals and in the header to \texttt{apalike.bst}.
+% Nevertheless, one should respect his work in this area, simply because he
+% should be the best expert on matters of \btx. Thus \texttt{apalike.bst}
+% could be the basis for other styles.
+%
+% The form of the \texttt{thebibliography} entries in this system is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% the same as I illustrated earlier. This is the most minimal form that can
+% be given. I name it the \texttt{apalike} variant, after Patashnik's
+% \texttt{apalike.bst} and \texttt{apalike.sty}. However, there could be many
+% independent \texttt{.bst} files that follow this line.
+%
+% The bibliography style files belonging to this group include:
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{apalike}, \texttt{apalike2}, \texttt{cea}, \texttt{cell},
+% \texttt{jmb}, \texttt{phapalik}, \texttt{phppcf}, \texttt{phrmp}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{newapa} Style}
+% A major improvement has been achieved with \texttt{newapa.bst} and the
+% accompanying \texttt{newapa.sty} files by Stephen N. Spencer and Young U.
+% Ryu. Under their system, three separate items of information are included
+% in the |\bibitem| label, to be used as required. These are: the full
+% author list, the abbreviated list, and the year. This is accomplished by
+% means of a |\citeauthoryear| command included in the label, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones, Barker,|\\
+% | and Williams}{Jones et al.}{1990}]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% Actually, this only illustrates the basic structure of |\citeauthoryear|;
+% the \texttt{newapa} files go even further to replace some words and
+% punctuation
+% with commands. For example, the word `and' above is really
+% |\betweenauthors|, something that must be defined in the \texttt{.sty} file.
+% Of course, |\citeauthoryear| is also defined in that file. A
+% number of different |\cite| commands are available to print out the
+% citation with complete author list, with the short list, with or without
+% the date, the textual or parenthetical form.
+%
+% Thus the |\citeauthoryear| entry in |\bibitem| is very flexible,
+% permitting the style file to generate every citation form that one might
+% want. It is used by a number of other styles, with corresponding
+% \texttt{.sty} files. They all appear to have been inspired by
+% \texttt{newapa.bst}, although they lack the extra punctuation commands.
+%
+% Bibliographic style files belonging to the \texttt{newapa} group include
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{newapa}, \texttt{chicago}, \texttt{chicagoa}, \texttt{jas99},
+% \texttt{named}
+% \end{quote}
+% Note: the last of these, \texttt{named.bst}, uses |\citeauthoryear| in a
+% slightly different manner, with only two arguments: the short list and
+% year.
+%
+% \subsection{The Harvard Family}
+% The same effect is achieved by a different approach in the Harvard family
+% of bibliographic styles. Here a substitute for |\bibitem| is used, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\harvarditem[Jones et al.]{Jones, Baker, and|\\
+% | Williams}{1990}{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+% The accompanying interface package file is called \texttt{harvard.sty}
+% and is written by Peter Williams and Thorsten Schnier. It
+% defines |\harvarditem| as well as the citation commands |\cite|, for
+% parenthentical, and |\citeasnoun|, for textual citations. The first
+% citation uses the long author list, following ones the shorter list, if
+% it has been given in the optional argument to |\harvarditem|.
+%
+% Bibliography styles belonging to the Harvard family are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{agsm}, \texttt{dcu}, \texttt{kluwer}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This package has been updated for \LaTeXe, with many additions to
+% add flexibility. The result is a powerful interface that should meet most
+% citation needs. (It does not suppress repeated authors, though,
+% as \thestyle{} does.)
+%
+% \subsection{The Astronomy Style}
+% Apparently realizing the limitations of his \texttt{apalike} system, Oren
+% Patashnik went on to develop a `true' \texttt{apa} bibliographic style,
+% making use of the method already employed by an astronomy journal. This
+% is actually very similar to the \texttt{newapa} label but with only the
+% short list of authors:
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Jones et al.}{1990}]{jon90}|\\
+% | ...|
+% \end{quote}
+% It requires the package file \texttt{astron.sty}
+% or any other style that defines |\astroncite| appropriately.
+%
+% Bibliographic styles belonging to the astronomy group are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{apa}, \texttt{astron}, \texttt{bbs}, \texttt{cbe},
+% \texttt{humanbio}, \texttt{humannat}, \texttt{jtb}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This is as good as the |\citeauthoryear| command, although not as
+% flexible since the full list of authors is missing.
+%
+% \subsection{The \texttt{authordate} Style}
+% Finally, I have also found some packages making use of a label command
+% called |\citename| in the form
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citename{Jones et al., }1990]{jon90}|\\
+% | ...|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% This is not a good system since the author list and date are not cleanly
+% separated as individual arguments, and since the punctuation is included
+% in the label text. It is better to keep the punctuation fully removed, as
+% part of the definitions in the \texttt{.sty} file, for complete flexibility.
+%
+% Bibliographic styles belonging to this group are
+% \begin{quote}
+% \texttt{authordate1}, \texttt{authordate2}, \texttt{authordate3},
+% \texttt{authordate4}, \texttt{aaai-named}
+% \end{quote}
+% with accompanying style file \texttt{authordate1-4.sty}.
+%
+% \section{The \thestyle{} System}
+% The form of the |\bibitem| entry that I have used for all my
+% bibliographic styles is only slightly more complicated than the minimal
+% one, but allows a clean separation between authors and date:
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)]{jon90}...|\\[1ex]
+% or alternatively\\[1ex]
+% |\bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)Jones, Baker, |\\
+% \hspace*{2em}|and Williams]{jon90}...|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% (One weakness of the \thestyle{} format is that it fails if the author
+% list itself contains parentheses! This may be fixed up if the author list
+% is grouped in curly braces.)
+%
+% I wanted to name the system something like `natural sciences bibliography',
+% intending it to be a variant of \texttt{natsci.sty}. Since that name
+% was already taken, I resorted to the rather cryptic, and definitely ugly,
+% \thestyle.
+%
+% The \thestyle\texttt{.sty} package\footnote{Formerly called a \emph{style
+% file} in the older \LaTeX~2.09 terminology.} supports not only my own
+% |\bibitem| format, but also all the others described here, plus numerical
+% citation modes. The additional questions of citation style (type of brackets,
+% commas or semi-colons between citations) can be defined once and for all for
+% each \texttt{.bst} file and need never be specified explicitly in the source
+% text. The |\cite| commands and syntax are always those of \thestyle, even
+% when used with a \texttt{.bst} file such as \texttt{chicago.bst} that would
+% normally have a different set of commands (defined in \texttt{chicago.sty}).
+% The result is a single \LaTeX{} package to handle {\em all\/} the
+% bibliographic styles in a uniform manner.
+%
+% All the author--year bibliographic style files can also be used for
+% \emph{numerical} citations, by simply selecting the mode in one of the
+% ways described in Sections~\ref{sec:bibpunct} and \ref{sec:opts}. It is
+% not possible to employ author-year citations with pure numerical
+% \texttt{.bst} files, and never will be.
+% See Section~\ref{sec:6.0} for more information.
+%
+% \section{Using this Package}\label{sec:usage}
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Loading}
+Load with |\usepackage[|\emph{options}|]{|\thestyle|}|. See list of
+\emph{options} at the end.
+
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+% In this paper, I distinguish between the citation \emph{mode} (author--year
+% or numerical) and citation \emph{style} (the type of punctuation used for
+% citations). The citation style is something that is independent of the
+% bibliography style and is not programmed in the \texttt{.bst} files.
+%
+% \subsection{New Bibliography Styles}\label{sec:plainnat}
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Replacement bibliography styles}
+% \fi
+I provide three new \texttt{.bst} files to replace the standard \LaTeX\
+numerical ones:
+\begin{quote}\ttfamily
+ plainnat.bst \qquad abbrvnat.bst \qquad unsrtnat.bst
+\end{quote}
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+% These produce reference lists in the same style as the corresponding
+% standard \texttt{.bst} file, but work with \thestyle{}. The
+% advantage is that they can be used in both numerical and author--year
+% mode.
+%
+% These \texttt{.bst} files are not meant to be exhaustive by any means. Other
+% style files conforming to the \thestyle{} format exist, or may be generated
+% with my \texttt{custom-bib} (also known as \texttt{makebst}) program.
+%
+% \subsection{Basic Citation Commands}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citet}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citep}
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Basic commands}
+% \fi
+The \thestyle\ package has two basic citation commands, |\citet| and
+|\citep| for \emph{textual} and \emph{parenthetical} citations, respectively.
+There also exist the starred versions |\citet*| and |\citep*| that print
+the full author list, and not just the abbreviated one.
+All of these may take one or two optional arguments to add some text before
+and after the citation.
+\begin{quote}
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+ |\citet{jon90}| & Jones et al. (1990)\\
+ |\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| & Jones et al. (1990, chap.~2)\\[0.5ex]
+ |\citep{jon90}| & (Jones et al., 1990)\\
+ |\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| & (Jones et al., 1990, chap.~2)\\
+ |\citep[see][]{jon90}| & (see Jones et al., 1990)\\
+ |\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| & (see Jones et al., 1990, chap.~2)\\[0.5ex]
+ |\citet*{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams (1990)\\
+ |\citep*{jon90}| & (Jones, Baker, and Williams, 1990)
+\end{tabular}
+\end{quote}
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+% The starred versions can only list the full authors if the \texttt{.bst}
+% file supports this feature; otherwise, the abbreviated list is printed.
+%
+% In standard \LaTeX, the |\cite| command can only take a single optional
+% text for a note after the citation; here, a single optional text is a
+% post-note, while two are the pre- and post-notes. To have only a pre-note, it
+% is necessary to provide an empty post-note text, as shown above.
+%
+% More complex mixtures of text and citations can be generated with the
+% all-purpose |\citetext| command in Section~\ref{sec:excite}.
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Multiple citations}
+% \fi
+Multiple citations may be made by including more than one
+citation key in the |\cite| command argument.
+% \textsl{If adjacent citations
+% have the same author designation but different years, then the author
+% names are not reprinted.}
+\begin{quote}
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+ |\citet{jon90,jam91}| & Jones et al. (1990); James et al. (1991)\\
+ |\citep{jon90,jam91}| & (Jones et al., 1990; James et al. 1991)\\
+ |\citep{jon90,jon91}| & (Jones et al., 1990, 1991)\\
+ |\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| & (Jones et al., 1990a,b)
+\end{tabular}
+\end{quote}
+
+% \iffalse
+\head{Numerical mode}
+% \fi
+These examples are for author--year citation mode. In numerical mode, the
+results are different.
+\begin{quote}
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+ |\citet{jon90}| & Jones et al. [21]\\
+ |\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| & Jones et al. [21, chap.~2]\\[0.5ex]
+ |\citep{jon90}| & [21]\\
+ |\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| & [21, chap.~2]\\
+ |\citep[see][]{jon90}| & [see 21]\\
+ |\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| & [see 21, chap.~2]\\[0.5ex]
+ |\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| & [21, 32]
+\end{tabular}
+\end{quote}
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+% The authors can only be listed if the \texttt{.bst} file supports
+% author--year citations. The standard \texttt{.bst} files, such as
+% \texttt{plain.bst} are numerical only and transfer no author--year
+% information to \LaTeX. In this case, |\citet| prints ``\textbf{(author?)}
+% [21].''
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\cite}
+% In the original versions of \thestyle, the traditional |\cite| command was
+% used for both textual and parenthetical citations. The presence of an empty
+% optional text in square brackets signalled parenthetical. This syntax has been
+% retained for compatibility, but is no longer encouraged.
+%
+% This means that |\cite| (without notes) is the same as |\citet| in
+% author--year mode, whereas in numerical mode, it is the same as |\citep|.
+% The starred version, as well as the one or two optional notes, may also be
+% used.
+%
+% It is possible to have multiple citations sorted into the same sequence as
+% they appear in the list of references, regardless of their order as
+% arguments to the |\cite| commands. The option \texttt{sort} is required for
+% this feature. See Section~\ref{sec:sort}.
+%
+% Some publishers require that the first citation of any given reference be
+% given with the full author list, but that all subsequent ones with the
+% abbreviated list. Include the option \texttt{longnamesfirst} to enable this for
+% \thestyle. See Section~\ref{sec:long}.
+%
+% \subsection{Extended Citation Commands}
+% \label{sec:excite}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citealt}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citealp}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citetext}
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Suppressed parentheses}
+% \fi
+As an alternative form of citation, |\citealt| is the same as |\citet| but
+\emph{without parentheses}. Similarly, |\citealp| is |\citep| without
+parentheses. Multiple references, notes, and the starred variants
+also exist.
+\begin{quote}
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+ |\citealt{jon90}| & Jones et al.\ 1990\\
+ |\citealt*{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams 1990\\
+ |\citealp{jon90}| & Jones et al., 1990\\
+ |\citealp*{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams, 1990\\
+ |\citealp{jon90,jam91}| & Jones et al., 1990; James et al., 1991\\
+ |\citealp[pg.~32]{jon90}| & Jones et al., 1990, pg.~32\\
+ |\citetext{priv.\ comm.}| & (priv.\ comm.)
+\end{tabular}
+\end{quote}
+The |\citetext| command
+allows arbitrary text to be placed in the current citation parentheses.
+This may be used in combination with |\citealp|.
+% For example,
+% \begin{verbatim}
+% \citetext{see \citealp{jon90},
+% or even better \citealp{jam91}}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% to produce (see Jones et al., 1990, or even better James et al., 1991).
+%
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeauthor}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeyear}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeyearpar}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citefullauthor}
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Partial citations}
+% \fi
+In author--year schemes, it is sometimes desirable to be able to refer to
+the authors without the year, or vice versa. This is provided with the
+extra commands
+\begin{quote}
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+ |\citeauthor{jon90}| & Jones et al.\\
+ |\citeauthor*{jon90}| & Jones, Baker, and Williams\\
+ |\citeyear{jon90}| & 1990\\
+ |\citeyearpar{jon90}| & (1990)
+\end{tabular}
+\end{quote}
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+% There also exists a command |\citefullauthor| which is equivalent to
+% |\citeauthor*|.
+%
+% If the full author information is missing, then |\citeauthor*| is
+% the same as |\citeauthor|, printing only the abbreviated list.
+% This also applies to the starred versions of |\citet| and |\citep|.
+%
+% If the author or year information is missing (as is the case with the
+% standard \LaTeX{} \texttt{.bst} files), these commands issue a warning.
+%
+% \medskip\noindent
+% \textbf{Note:}
+% these commands may also be used with numerical
+% citations, provided an author--year \texttt{.bst} file is being employed.
+%
+% \medskip\noindent
+% \textbf{Note:} all |\cite..| commands have the same
+% syntax, allowing multiple citations and up to two notes (there is, however,
+% no starred |\citeyear| variant). It does not really make much sense to add
+% notes to |\citeyear| and |\citeauthor|, especially with multiple citations;
+% however, this can be done, there will be no error message, but the results
+% are sometimes strange. For example, in numerical mode, the notes are fully
+% ignored, while in author--year mode, only the post-note is accepted.
+% Multiple citations in |\citet| are also not recommended (nor are they in my
+% opinion meaningful), but if they are used with notes, the pre-note will
+% appear before each year, and the post-note only after the last year. These
+% are admittedly bugs, but the effort to remove them is not justified by the
+% questionable usefulness of these features.
+%
+% In summary, notes are only intended for |\citep| but they may also be used
+% with |\citet| in author--year mode, with single citations. In any other
+% situation, the results are unpredictable.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\Citet}
+% \DescribeMacro{\Citep}
+% \DescribeMacro{\Citealt}
+% \DescribeMacro{\Citealp}
+% \DescribeMacro{\Citeauthor}
+% \subsection{Forcing Upper Cased Name}
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Forcing upper cased names}
+% \fi
+If the first author's name contains a \textsl{von} part, such as ``della
+Robbia'', then |\citet{dRob98}| produces ``della Robbia (1998)'', even at the
+beginning of a sentence. One can force the first letter to be in upper case
+with the command |\Citet| instead. Other upper case commands also exist.
+\begin{quote}
+\begin{tabular}{rl@{\quad$\Rightarrow$\quad}l}
+ when & |\citet{dRob98}| & della Robbia (1998) \\
+ then & |\Citet{dRob98}| & Della Robbia (1998) \\
+ & |\Citep{dRob98}| & (Della Robbia, 1998) \\
+ & |\Citealt{dRob98}| & Della Robbia 1998 \\
+ & |\Citealp{dRob98}| & Della Robbia, 1998 \\
+ & |\Citeauthor{dRob98}| & Della Robbia
+\end{tabular}
+\end{quote}
+These commands also exist in starred versions for full author names.
+
+% \textbf{Note:} the coding for the upper casing commands is tricky and likely
+% buggy. It operates on the names that are stored in the |\bibitem| entry, and
+% works even if old style font commands are used; however, NFSS commands will
+% cause it to crash. Thus
+% \begin{tabular}{ll}
+% |\bibitem[{\it della Robbia}(1998)]{dRob98}| & is okay, but \\
+% |\bibitem[\textit{della Robbia}(1998)]{dRob98}| & crashes.
+% \end{tabular}
+% I hope to improve this situation in future.
+%
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+%
+% \subsection{Citation Aliasing}
+% \DescribeMacro{\defcitealias}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citetalias}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citepalias}
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Citation aliasing}
+% \fi
+Sometimes one wants to refer to a reference with a special designation,
+rather than by the authors, i.e. as Paper~I, Paper~II. Such aliases can be
+defined and used, textual and/or parenthetical with:
+\begin{quote}
+\begin{tabular}{lcl}
+ |\defcitealias{jon90}{Paper~I}|\\
+ |\citetalias{jon90}| & $\Rightarrow$ & Paper~I\\
+ |\citepalias{jon90}| & $\Rightarrow$ & (Paper~I)
+\end{tabular}
+\end{quote}
+These citation commands function much like |\citet| and |\citep|: they may
+take multiple keys in the argument, may contain notes, and are marked as
+hyperlinks.
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+%
+% A warning is issued if the alias is used before it is defined, or if an alias
+% is redefined for a given citation. No warning is issued if an alias is
+% defined for a citation key that does not exist; the warning comes when it is
+% used!
+%
+% See Section~\ref{sec:yearless} for an alternative means of citing with
+% a code name.
+%
+% \subsection{Authorless and Yearless References}\label{sec:yearless}
+% What does one do about references that do not have authors? This has long
+% bothered me but I do have a suggestion. Standard \btx\ styles make use of a
+% \texttt{KEY} field in the entries to be used for alphabetizing when the
+% authors or editors are missing. The author--year styles go even further and
+% insert the \texttt{KEY} field in place of the authors. One can imagine giving
+% a code designation for the work at this point. For example,
+% \begin{quote}
+% \begin{verbatim}
+% @MANUAL{handbk98,
+% title = {Assembling Computers},
+% year = 1998,
+% organization = {MacroHard Inc.},
+% key = "MH-MAN"
+% }
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \end{quote}
+% With \texttt{plain}, the key text \texttt{MH-MAN} is used only to order the
+% reference, but with \texttt{plainnat} and other author--year styles, it is
+% used in place of the authors. One can then refer to it as
+% |\citeauthor{handbk98}| to get MH-MAN or as |\citetext{\citeauthor{handbk98}}|
+% for (MH-MAN), a parenthetical citation.
+%
+% This can be greatly simplified if
+% the bibliography style leaves the date blank in the |\bibitem|
+% entry, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[MH-MAN()]{handbk98}|
+% \end{quote}
+% for then \thestyle\ suppresses the date, preceding punctuation, and the
+% braces for |\citet|. This means that |\citet| and |\citep| behave
+% automatically like the two examples above.
+% The date still may appear in the text of the reference.
+%
+% The \thestyle\ bibliography styles have been modified accordingly to omit
+% the date from the |\bibitem| entry when missing authors and/or editors
+% are replaced by key text.
+%
+% Similarly, if the year is missing, it will be left blank in the |\bibitem|
+% entry; thus citing such a work will only produce the authors' names.
+%
+% \textbf{Note:} there are many other possibilities with this feature. One can
+% even produce citations like those of the \texttt{alpha} bibliography style,
+% by placing the citation code in place of the authors in the |\bibitem| entry
+% and leaving the year blank. A second code (or maybe even the authors
+% themselves) could be placed where the full author list normally appears, to
+% be printed with the starred version of the |\cite| commands. For example,
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[MH-MAN()MacroHard Inc.]{handbk98}|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \subsection{Extra Features in the \texttt{plainnat} Family}\label{sec:url}
+%
+% The special \texttt{.bst} files for \thestyle\ mentioned in
+% Section~\ref{sec:plainnat} have a number of extra fields compared to the
+% original files: \\
+% \begin{tabular}{ll}
+% \texttt{ISBN} & for the ISBN number in books,\\
+% \texttt{ISSN} & for the ISSN number in periodicals,\\
+% \texttt{URL} & for the Internet address of on-line documents.
+% \end{tabular}
+% The URL address is set in a typewriter font and often leads to line-breaking
+% problems. It is advisable to load the \texttt{url} package of Donald
+% Arseneau, which allows typewriter text to be broken at punctuation marks. The
+% URL addresses are set with the |\url| command in this package, but if it is
+% not loaded, then |\url| is defined to be |\texttt|, with no line breaks.
+%
+% As pointed out in Section~\ref{sec:yearless}, the \texttt{KEY} field is
+% treated differently by \texttt{plainnat} than in \texttt{plain}. Whereas the
+% latter uses this field only to alphabetize entries without authors,
+% \texttt{plainnat} actually inserts it in place of the author, both in the
+% reference text and in the citation label (|\bibitem| entries). Furthermore,
+% the year is left empty in |\bibitem| so that |\citep| prints only the
+% ``author'' text, which is now the \texttt{KEY}. This should be some code
+% designation for the work.
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation}\label{sec:bibpunct}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibpunct}
+% The above examples have been printed with the default citation style.
+% It is possible to change this, as well as to select numerical or
+% author--year mode, by means of the |\bibpunct| command, which takes
+% one optional and 6 mandatory arguments. The mandatory ones are:
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Selecting citation style and punctuation}
+Use the command |\bibpunct| with one optional and 6 mandatory arguments:
+% \fi
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item the opening bracket symbol, default = (
+\item the closing bracket symbol, default = )
+\item the punctuation between multiple citations, default = ;
+\item the letter `n' for numerical style, or `s' for numerical superscript
+ style, any other letter for
+ author--year, default = author--year;
+% note, it is not necessary to
+% specify which author--year interface is being used, for all will be
+% recognized;
+\item the punctuation that comes between the author names and the year
+% (parenthetical case only), default = ,
+\item the punctuation that comes between years or numbers when common author
+ lists are suppressed (default = ,);
+% if both authors and years are
+% common, the citation is printed as `1994a,b', but if a space
+% is wanted between the extra letters, then include the space
+% in the argument, as |{,~}|.
+%
+% For numerical mode, |\citet{jon90,jon91}| produces
+% `Jones et al.\ [21, 22]' with this punctuation between the numbers.
+% A space is automatically included for numbers, but not for
+% superscripts.
+%
+\end{enumerate}
+
+The optional argument is the character preceding a post-note, default is a
+comma plus space. In redefining this character, one must include a space if
+one is wanted.
+
+% The |\bibpunct| command must be issued in the preamble, that is,
+% before |\begin{document}|.
+%
+Example~1, |\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{a}{}{;}| changes the output of
+\begin{quote}
+ |\citep{jon90,jon91,jam92}|
+\end{quote}
+into [Jones et al. 1990; 1991, James et al. 1992].
+
+Example~2, |\bibpunct[; ]{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{;}| changes the output of
+\begin{quote}
+ |\citep[and references therein]{jon90}|
+\end{quote}
+into (Jones et al. 1990; and references therein).
+
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibstyle@xxx}
+% Usually the citation style is determined by the journal
+% for which one is writing, and is as much a part of the bibliography style
+% as everything else. The \thestyle{} package allows
+% punctuation definitions to be directly coupled to the
+% |\bibliographystyle| command that must always be present when \btx{} is
+% used. It is this command that selects the \texttt{.bst} file; by adding such
+% a coupling to \thestyle{} for every \texttt{.bst} file that one might
+% want to use, it is not necessary to add |\bibpunct| explicitly in the
+% document itself, unless of course one wishes to override the preset
+% values.
+%
+% Such a coupling is achieved by defining a command |\bibstyle@|{\em bst},
+% where {\em bst\/} stands for the name of the \texttt{.bst} file. For example,
+% the American Geophysical Union (AGU) demands in its publications that
+% citations be made with square brackets and separated by semi-colons. I
+% have an \texttt{agu.bst} file to accomplish most of the formatting, but such
+% punctuations are not included in it. Instead, \thestyle{} has the
+% definition
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\newcommand{\bibstyle@agu}{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,~}}|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% These style defining commands may contain more than just |\bibpunct|.
+% Some numerical citation scheme require even more changes. For example,
+% the journal \textsl{Nature} not only uses superscripted numbers for
+% citations, it also prints the numbers in the list of references without
+% the normal square brackets. To
+% accommodate this, \thestyle{} contains the style definition
+% \begin{quote}\begin{verbatim}
+% \newcommand{\bibstyle@nature}%
+% {\bibpunct{}{}{,}{s}{}{\textsuperscript{,}}%
+% \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% \end{quote}
+% The redefined |\NAT@biblabelnum| command specifies how the reference numbers
+% are to be formatted in the list of references itself.
+% The redefinition must be made with |\gdef|, not |\def| or
+% |\renewcommand|.
+%
+% The selected punctuation style and other redefinitions will not be in
+% effect on the first \LaTeX{} run, for they are stored to the auxiliary
+% file for the subsequent run.
+%
+% The user may add more such definitions of his own, to accommodate those
+% journals and \texttt{.bst} files that he has. He may either add them to
+% his local copy of \thestyle\texttt{.sty}, or better put them into a file
+% named \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}. This file will be read in if it exists,
+% adding any local configurations. Thus such configurations can survive
+% future updates of the package. (This is for \LaTeXe{} only.)
+%
+% \medskip
+% \noindent\textbf{Note:}
+% any explicit call to |\bibpunct| has priority over the
+% predefined citation styles.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citestyle}
+% A preprogrammed citation style is normally invoked by the command
+% |\bibliographystyle|, as described above. However, it may be that one wants
+% to apply a certain citation style to another bibliography style. This may be
+% done with |\citestyle|, given \emph{before} |\begin{document}|. For example,
+% to use the \texttt{plainnat} bibliography style (for the list of references)
+% with the \textsl{Nature} style of citations (superscripts),
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\documentclass{article}|\\
+% |\usepackage{|\thestyle|}|\\
+% |. . . . .|\\
+% |\citestyle{nature}|\\
+% |\begin{document}|\\
+% |\bibliographystyle{plainnat}|\\
+% |. . . . .|
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \noindent
+% \textbf{Note:} all changes to the citation
+% style, including punctuation, must be made before |\begin{document}|,
+% which freezes the citation style.
+%
+% \subsection{Priority of Style Commands}\label{sec:priority}
+% The citation style (punctuation and mode) can be selected by means of the
+% |\bibpunct|, |\citestyle|, and predefined |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst}
+% commands. They can also be selected by \LaTeXe{} options
+% (Section~\ref{sec:opts}). What happens if there are several conflicting
+% selections?
+%
+% The lowest priority is assigned to the predefined |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst}
+% commands, since they are implicit and not obvious to the user. The
+% \LaTeXe{} options have the next priority. Finally, any selection by
+% |\bibpunct| and/or |\citestyle| overrides those of the other methods.
+%
+% \subsection{Other Formatting Options}
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Other formatting options}
+% \fi
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibsection}
+% The list of references normally appears as a |\section*| or |\chapter*|,
+% depending on the main class. If one wants to redesign one's own heading,
+% say as a numbered section with |\section|, then |\bibsection| may be
+% redefined by the user accordingly.
+%
+% \iffalse
+Redefine |\bibsection| to the desired sectioning command for introducing
+the list of references. This is normally |\section*| or |\chapter*|.
+
+% \fi
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibpreamble}
+% A preamble appearing after the |\bibsection| heading may be inserted before
+% the actual list of references by defining |\bibpreamble|. This will appear in
+% the normal text font unless it contains font declarations. The
+% |\bibfont| applies to the list of references, not to this preamble.
+%
+% \iffalse
+Define |\bibpreamble| to be any text that is to be printed after the heading but
+before the actual list of references.
+
+% \fi
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibfont}
+% The list of references is normally printed in the same font size and
+% style as the main body. However, it is possible to define |\bibfont|
+% to be font commands that are in effect within the \texttt{thebibliography}
+% environment after any preamble. For example,
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\newcommand{\bibfont}{\small}|
+% \end{quote}
+% \iffalse
+Define |\bibfont| to be a font declaration, e.g.\ |\small| to apply to
+the list of references.
+
+% \fi
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citenumfont}
+% Numerical citations may be printed in a different font. Define |\citenumfont|
+% to be a font declaration like |\itshape| or even a command taking arguments
+% like |\textit|.
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\newcommand{\citenumfont}[1]{\textit{#1}}|
+% \end{quote}
+% The above is better than |\itshape| since it automatically adds italic
+% correction.
+% \iffalse
+Define |\citenumfont| to be a font declaration or command like |\itshape|
+or |\textit|.
+
+% \fi
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibnumfmt}
+% The format of the numerical listing in the reference list may also be changed
+% from the default [32] by redefining |\bibnumfmt|, for example
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\renewcommand{\bibnumfmt}[1]{\textbf{#1}:}|
+% \end{quote}
+% to achieve \textbf{32}: instead.
+% \iffalse
+Redefine |\bibnumfmt| as a command with an argument to format the numbers in
+the list of references. The default definition is |[#1]|.
+
+% \fi
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibhang}
+% The list of references for author--year styles uses a hanging indentation
+% format: the first line of each reference is flush left, the following lines
+% are set with an indentation from the left margin. This indentation is 1~em
+% by default but may be changed by redefining (with |\setlength|) the
+% length parameter |\bibhang|.
+%
+% \iffalse
+The indentation after the first line of each reference is given by
+|\bibhang|; change this with the |\setlength| command.
+
+% \fi
+% \DescribeMacro{\bibsep}
+% The vertical spacing between references in the list, whether author--year
+% or numerical, is controlled by the length |\bibsep|. If this is set to
+% 0~pt, there is no extra line spacing between references. The default
+% spacing depends on the font size selected in |\documentclass|, and is
+% almost a full blank line. Change this by redefining |\bibsep| with
+% |\setlength| command.
+%
+% \iffalse
+The vertical spacing between references is set by |\bibsep|; change this with
+the |\setlength| command.
+
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+%
+% \subsection{Automatic Indexing of Citations}
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindextrue}
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindexfalse}
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Automatic indexing of citations}
+% \fi
+If one wishes to have the citations entered in the \texttt{.idx} indexing
+file, it is only necessary to issue |\citeindextrue| at any point in the
+document. All following |\cite| commands, of all variations, then insert
+the corresponding entry to that file. With |\citeindexfalse|, these
+entries will no longer be made.
+
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+% The |\bibitem| commands in the \texttt{thebibliography} environment will
+% also make index entries. If this is not desired, then issue
+% |\citeindexfalse| before |\bibliography| or |\begin{thebibliography}|.
+%
+% Of course, |\makeindex| must also be issued in the preamble to activate
+% indexing, as usual. Otherwise, no indexing is done at all.
+%
+% Make sure that the document has been processed at least twice after the
+% last \btx\ run before running the \texttt{makeindex} program.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\NAT@idxtxt}
+% The form of the index entries is set by the internal |\NAT@idxtxt|, which
+% can be redefined by hackers if wanted (in the \thestyle\texttt{.cfg} file
+% please). By default, it prints the short author list plus date in the
+% current parenthesis style.
+%
+% The \thestyle\ package can also be used with the \texttt{index} package of
+% David~M. Jones. The order in which the packages are loaded is not
+% important.
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\citeindextype}
+% In that package, multiple index lists may be made by means of a |\newindex|
+% command. For example, it may be desirable to put all the citation indexing
+% into a separate list. First that list must be initiated with, e.g.,
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\newindex{cite}{ctx}{cnd}{List of Citations}|
+% \end{quote}
+% and then the automatic citation indexing associated with this list with the
+% \thestyle\ command
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\renewcommand{\citeindextype}{cite}|
+% \end{quote}
+% See the documentation for \texttt{index.sty} for details.
+%
+% \subsection{Hyper\TeX\ Compatibility}
+% The \thestyle\ package is compatible with the \texttt{hyperref}
+% package of Sebastian Rahtz
+% , for use with
+% \LaTeX\ $\rightarrow$ HTML conversions, pdf\TeX, \texttt{pdfmark}.
+% The compatibility is of a mutual nature: both packages contain
+% coding that interact with that of the other.
+%
+% There is a special option \texttt{nonamebreak} that can be used with the
+% \texttt{hyperref} package; it keeps all the author names in a citation on one
+% line, something that avoids certain problems with pdf\TeX. This is otherwise
+% not recommended, since many overfull lines result.
+%
+% \subsection{Multiple Bibliographies in One Document}\label{sec:chapbib}
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Use with \texttt{chapterbib} package}
+% \fi
+
+The \thestyle\ package is compatible with the \texttt{chapterbib} package
+% of Donald Arseneau and Niel Kempson,\relax
+% \footnote{I have used version 1.5 from 1995/10/09; cannot guarantee
+% earlier versions.}
+which makes it possible to have several bibliographies in one document.
+% The usual application is to have bibliographies in each chapter of a book,
+% especially if they have been written by different authors.
+%
+% The \texttt{chapterbib} package works in a very natural way for the
+% author; only the editor who puts all the chapters together into one book
+% has to do some extra work.
+
+The package makes use of the |\include| command, and each |\include|d file
+has its own bibliography.
+% For large books, it makes very good sense to take advantage of this feature
+% in any case.
+%
+% To review the use of |\include|, recall that the main file
+% \begin{verbatim}
+% \documentclass{...}
+% \includeonly{ch2}
+% \begin{document}
+% \include{ch1}
+% \include{ch2}
+% \include{ch3}
+% \end{document}
+% \end{verbatim}
+% will process only the file \texttt{ch2.tex} as though the files
+% \texttt{ch1.tex} and \texttt{ch3.tex} were also present. That is, all
+% counters, especially the page and section numbers, as well as
+% cross-referencing definitions, will function as if the whole document
+% were processed. The trick is that each |\include|d file has it own
+% \texttt{.aux} file containing these definitions, and they are all read
+% in every time, even if the corresponding \texttt{.tex} file is not. The
+% \texttt{.aux} files also contain the citation information for \btx,
+% something that the \texttt{chapterbib} package exploits.
+%
+% If |\usepackage{chapterbib}| has been given, the keys in each |\cite|
+% and |\bibitem| command are associated with the current |\include|d file
+% and are distinguished from the identical key in a different file. Each of
+% these files must contain its own |\bibliography| and |\bibliographystyle|
+% commands. One processes \btx\ on each file separately before processing
+% it under \LaTeX\ (at least twice).
+%
+% \subsubsection{Special Considerations for \thestyle\ and
+% \texttt{chapterbib}}
+
+The order in which the \texttt{chapterbib} and \thestyle\ packages are loaded
+is unimportant.
+
+The \texttt{chapterbib} package provides an option \texttt{sectionbib}
+that puts the bibliography in a |\section*| instead of |\chapter*|,
+something that makes sense if there is a bibliography in each chapter.
+This option will not work when \thestyle\ is also loaded; instead, add
+the option to \thestyle.
+% (The \texttt{sectionbib} option can always be
+% given, but it only has meaning for the \texttt{book} and \texttt{report}
+% classes, or for classes derived from them.)
+
+Every |\include|d file must contain its own
+|\bibliography| command where the bibliography is to appear. The database
+files listed as arguments to this command can be different in each file,
+of course. However, what is not so obvious, is that each file must also
+contain a |\bibliographystyle| command, \emph{preferably with the same
+style argument}.
+% If different bibliography styles are specified for
+% different files, then the preprogrammed citation style (punctuation and
+% citation mode) will be that of the first bibliography style given. The
+% preprogrammed citation styles can only be changed in the preamble (see
+% Section~\ref{sec:priority}), something that guarantees a uniform style
+% for the entire document.\relax
+% \footnote{It would be relatively easy to allow changes in style anywhere
+% in the document, but this strikes me as bad policy. However, it is
+% provided for with the \texttt{docstrip} option \texttt{nopreonly}.}
+%
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+%
+% \subsection{Sorting and Compressing Numerical Citations}
+% \label{sec:sort}
+%
+% Another package by Donald Arseneau, \texttt{cite.sty}, reimplements the
+% entire (numerical) citation system such that one can control the
+% punctuation and citation format, all of which is done by \thestyle\ as
+% well. However, it also can sort and compress numerical citations,
+% something that is required by some journals.
+%
+% What this means is that when multiple citations are given with a single
+% |\cite| command, the normal order of the numbers is in the sequence
+% given. This is usually a wild list of numbers, such as [4,2,8,3]. With
+% the \texttt{cite} package, this list becomes [2--4,8].
+%
+% It is impossible to make the \texttt{cite} and \thestyle\ packages
+% compatible, since both reimplement |\cite| from scratch. Instead, I have
+% taken over some of the coding from \texttt{cite.sty}, modifying it for
+% \thestyle{}. This coding is activated by including one of the options
+% \texttt{sort} or \texttt{sort\&compress} in the |\usepackage| command.
+%
+% For author--year citations, the option \texttt{sort} orders the citations in
+% a single |\citep| or |\citet| command into the sequence in which they appear
+% in the list of references. This is normally alphabetical first, year second.
+% This should avoid citations of the type: ``James et~al.\ (1994b,a)''. For
+% author--year mode, the \texttt{sort\&compress} option is identical to
+% \texttt{sort}.
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Sorting and compressing citations}
+Do not use the \texttt{cite} package with \thestyle; rather use one of the
+options \texttt{sort} or \texttt{sort\&compress}.
+
+These also work with author--year citations, making multiple citations appear
+in their order in the reference list.
+
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+%
+% \subsection{Long Author List on First Citation}\label{sec:long}
+%
+% A feature that has often been requested by otherwise happy users of
+% \thestyle\ is one that is found in the \texttt{harvard} package as
+% standard: with the first citation of any reference, the full author list is
+% printed, and afterwards only the abbreviated list. One can control this
+% with |\citet*| for the first citation, and |\citet| or |\citep| thereafter.
+% However, the automatic feature is very desired.
+%
+% This can be activated with the option
+% \texttt{longnamesfirst}.
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Long author list on first citation}
+Use option \texttt{longnamesfirst} to have first citation automatically give
+the full list of authors.
+
+Suppress this for certain citations with |\shortcites{|\emph{key-list}|}|,
+given before the first citation.
+
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+%
+% \DescribeMacro{\shortcites}
+% Some references have so many authors that you want to suppress the
+% automatic long list only for them. In this case, issue
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\shortcites|\marg{key-list}
+% \end{quote}
+% before the first citations, and those included in \emph{key-list} will have
+% a short list on their first citation.
+%
+% Full author lists can still be forced at any time with the starred
+% variants.
+%
+% \section{Numerical Citations with Author--Year Styles}\label{sec:6.0}
+%
+% It is possible to produce numerical citations with any author-year
+% \texttt{.bst} file, with minimal change to the text. The commands |\citet|
+% and |\citep| will produce sensible results in both modes, without any special
+% editing. Obviously, the opposite is not possible; a \texttt{.bst} file
+% intended for numerical citation can never produce author--year citations,
+% simply because the information is not transferred to the auxiliary file.
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Numerical Mode}
+% By default, \thestyle{} is in author--year mode. This can be changed by
+% \begin{enumerate}
+% \item selecting a numerical bibliography style with predefined
+% citation style, defined either in the package or in the local
+% configuration file;
+%
+% \item giving options \texttt{numbers} or \texttt{super} to the
+% |\usepackage| command;
+%
+% \item issuing |\bibpunct| with the 4th mandatory argument set to \texttt{n}
+% or \texttt{s};
+%
+% \item issuing |\citestyle| with the name of a predefined numerical
+% bibliography style.
+% \end{enumerate}
+% The methods are listed in order of increasing priority.
+%
+% The \thestyle{} package will automatically switch to numerical mode if
+% any one of the |\bibitem| entries fails to conform to the possible
+% author--year formats. There is no way to override this, since such an
+% entry would cause trouble in the author--year mode.
+%
+% There are certain special `numerical' styles, like that of the standard
+% \texttt{alpha.bst}, which include a non-numerical label in place of the
+% number, in the form
+% \begin{quote} |\bibitem[ABC95]{able95}| \end{quote}
+% As far as \thestyle\ is concerned, this label does not conform to the
+% author--year possibilities and is therefore considered to be numerical.
+% The citation mode switches to numerical, and |\cite{able95}| prints
+% [ABC95].
+%
+% See however, the end of Section~\ref{sec:yearless} for another possibility.
+% The above result can be achieved with
+% \begin{quote} |\bibitem[ABC95()]{able95}| \end{quote}
+%
+% \section{Local Configuration}
+% For \LaTeXe, it is possible to add a local configuration file
+% \thestyle\texttt{.cfg}, which is read in, if it exists, at
+% the end of the package. It may thus contain coding to supecede that in
+% the package, although its main purpose is to allow the user to add his
+% own |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} definitions to couple citation punctuation
+% with local bibliography styles.
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Local configuration}
+Any local recoding or definitions can be put in \thestyle\texttt{.cfg} which
+is read in after the main package file.
+
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+%
+% \section{Options with \LaTeXe}\label{sec:opts}
+% One of the new features of \LaTeXe{} is \emph{options} for the packages,
+% in the same way as main styles (now called \emph{classes}) can take
+% options. This package is now installed with
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\documentclass[..]{...}|\\
+% |\usepackage[|\emph{options}|]{|\thestyle|}|
+% \end{quote}
+% \iffalse
+%<*notes>
+\head{Options that can be added to \texttt{\char`\\ usepackage}}
+% \fi
+% The options available provide another means of specifying the
+% punctuation for citations:
+\begin{description}
+\item[\ttfamily round] (default) for round parentheses;
+\item[\ttfamily square] for square brackets;
+\item[\ttfamily curly] for curly braces;
+\item[\ttfamily angle] for angle brackets;
+\item[\ttfamily colon] (default) to separate multiple citations with
+ colons;
+\item[\ttfamily comma] to use commas as separaters;
+\item[\ttfamily authoryear] (default) for author--year citations;
+\item[\ttfamily numbers] for numerical citations;
+\item[\ttfamily super] for superscripted numerical citations, as in
+ \textsl{Nature};
+\item[\ttfamily sort] orders multiple citations into the sequence in
+ which they appear in the list of references;
+\item[\ttfamily sort\&compress] as \texttt{sort} but in addition multiple
+ numerical citations are compressed if possible (as 3--6, 15);
+\item[\ttfamily longnamesfirst] makes the first citation of any reference
+ the equivalent of the starred variant (full author list) and subsequent
+ citations normal (abbreviated list);
+\item[\ttfamily sectionbib] redefines |\thebibliography| to issue
+ |\section*| instead of |\chapter*|; valid only for classes with a
+ |\chapter| command; to be used with the \texttt{chapterbib} package;
+\item[\ttfamily nonamebreak] keeps all the authors' names in a citation on
+ one line; causes overfull hboxes but helps with some \texttt{hyperref}
+ problems.
+\end{description}
+% \iffalse
+%</notes>
+% \fi
+%
+% If any of the formatting options are selected, the predefined citation
+% styles in the commands |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} will be no longer be
+% effective. If either |\bibpunct| or |\citestyle| is given in the preamble,
+% the above punctuation options will no longer hold.
+%
+% \section{As Module to Journal-Specific Styles}
+% Although \thestyle{} is meant to be an all-purpose bibliographic style
+% \emph{package}, it may also be incorporated as a module to other
+% packages for specific journals. In this case, many of the general features may
+% be left off. This is allowed for with \texttt{docstrip} options that not
+% only leave off certain codelines, but also include extra ones. So far,
+% options exist for
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack] produces a basic version with author--year only,
+% fixed citation punctuation, no |\bibpunct| nor |\citestyle| nor
+% predefined styles;
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack,egs] for journals of the \textsl{European Geophysical
+% Society}, in particular \textsl{Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics};
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack,agu] for \textsl{American Geophysical Union} journals.
+% \end{description}
+% The \texttt{subpack} option must always be used with \texttt{package}.
+%
+% Previous options \texttt{jgr} and \texttt{grl} have become obsolete due
+% to revisions in these journals; they have been replaced by the more
+% general \texttt{agu} option.
+%
+% \section{Reference Sheet}
+%
+% A summarization of the main points on using \thestyle\ can be obtained by
+% \LaTeX{}ing the file \texttt{natnotes.tex}, which is extracted from the main
+% source file \thestyle\texttt{.dtx} with the \texttt{docstrip} option
+% \texttt{notes}. This is intended to act as a handy reference sheet.
+%
+% This file should be extracted automatically by the supplied installation file,
+% \thestyle\texttt{.ins}.
+%
+%^^A The following is a summary that goes into the .sty file
+%^^A It is not printed in the documentation, since the Reference Sheet exists
+% \iffalse
+%<*package&!subpack>
+ % This package reimplements the LaTeX \cite command to be used for various
+ % citation styles, both author-year and numerical. It accepts BibTeX
+ % output intended for many other packages, and therefore acts as a
+ % general, all-purpose citation-style interface.
+ %
+ % With standard numerical .bst files, only numerical citations are
+ % possible. With an author-year .bst file, both numerical and
+ % author-year citations are possible.
+ %
+ % If author-year citations are selected, \bibitem must have one of the
+ % following forms:
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)]{key}...
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)Jones, Baker, and Williams]{key}...
+%<*apalike|all>
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{key}...
+%</apalike|all>
+%<*newapa|chicago|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones, Baker, and Williams}{Jones
+ % et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Jones et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+%</newapa|chicago|all>
+%<*astron|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Jones et al.}{1990}]{key}...
+%</astron|all>
+%<*authordate|all>
+ % \bibitem[\protect\citename{Jones et al., }1990]{key}...
+%</authordate|all>
+%<*harvard|all>
+ % \harvarditem[Jones et al.]{Jones, Baker, and Williams}{1990}{key}...
+%</harvard|all>
+ %
+ % This is either to be made up manually, or to be generated by an
+ % appropriate .bst file with BibTeX.
+ % Author-year mode || Numerical mode
+ % Then, \citet{key} ==>> Jones et al. (1990) || Jones et al. [21]
+ % \citep{key} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990) || [21]
+ % Multiple citations as normal:
+ % \citep{key1,key2} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990; Smith, 1989) || [21,24]
+ % or (Jones et al., 1990, 1991) || [21,24]
+ % or (Jones et al., 1990a,b) || [21,24]
+ % \cite{key} is the equivalent of \citet{key} in author-year mode
+ % and of \citep{key} in numerical mode
+ % Full author lists may be forced with \citet* or \citep*, e.g.
+ % \citep*{key} ==>> (Jones, Baker, and Williams, 1990)
+ % Optional notes as:
+ % \citep[chap. 2]{key} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)
+ % \citep[e.g.,][]{key} ==>> (e.g., Jones et al., 1990)
+ % \citep[see][pg. 34]{key}==>> (see Jones et al., 1990, pg. 34)
+ % (Note: in standard LaTeX, only one note is allowed, after the ref.
+ % Here, one note is like the standard, two make pre- and post-notes.)
+ % \citealt{key} ==>> Jones et al. 1990
+ % \citealt*{key} ==>> Jones, Baker, and Williams 1990
+ % \citealp{key} ==>> Jones et al., 1990
+ % \citealp*{key} ==>> Jones, Baker, and Williams, 1990
+ % Additional citation possibilities (both author-year and numerical modes)
+ % \citeauthor{key} ==>> Jones et al.
+ % \citeauthor*{key} ==>> Jones, Baker, and Williams
+ % \citeyear{key} ==>> 1990
+ % \citeyearpar{key} ==>> (1990)
+ % \citetext{priv. comm.} ==>> (priv. comm.)
+ % Note: full author lists depends on whether the bib style supports them;
+ % if not, the abbreviated list is printed even when full requested.
+ %
+ % For names like della Robbia at the start of a sentence, use
+ % \Citet{dRob98} ==>> Della Robbia (1998)
+ % \Citep{dRob98} ==>> (Della Robbia, 1998)
+ % \Citeauthor{dRob98} ==>> Della Robbia
+ %
+%<*!209>
+ %
+ % Citation aliasing is achieved with
+ % \defcitealias{key}{text}
+ % \citetalias{key} ==>> text
+ % \citepalias{key} ==>> (text)
+%</!209>
+ %
+ % Defining the citation style of a given bib style:
+%<!nopreonly> % Use \bibpunct (in the preamble only) with 6 mandatory arguments:
+%<nopreonly> % Use \bibpunct (anywhere in the text) with 6 mandatory arguments:
+ % 1. opening bracket for citation
+ % 2. closing bracket
+ % 3. citation separator (for multiple citations in one \cite)
+ % 4. the letter n for numerical styles, s for superscripts
+ % else anything for author-year
+ % 5. punctuation between authors and date
+ % 6. punctuation between years (or numbers) when common authors missing
+ % One optional argument is the character coming before post-notes. It
+ % appears in square braces before all other arguments. May be left off.
+ % Example (and default) \bibpunct[, ]{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}
+ %
+ % To make this automatic for a given bib style, named newbib, say, make
+ % a local configuration file, natbib.cfg, with the definition
+ % \newcommand{\bibstyle@newbib}{\bibpunct...}
+ % Then the \bibliographystyle{newbib} will cause \bibstyle@newbib to
+ % be called on THE NEXT LATEX RUN (via the aux file).
+ %
+%<!nopreonly> % Such preprogrammed definitions may be invoked in the text (preamble only)
+%<nopreonly> % Such preprogrammed definitions may be invoked anywhere in the text
+ % by calling \citestyle{newbib}. This is only useful if the style specified
+ % differs from that in \bibliographystyle.
+ %
+%<*!209>
+ % With \citeindextrue and \citeindexfalse, one can control whether the
+ % \cite commands make an automatic entry of the citation in the .idx
+ % indexing file. For this, \makeindex must also be given in the preamble.
+ %
+ % LaTeX2e Options: (for selecting punctuation)
+ % round - round parentheses are used (default)
+ % square - square brackets are used [option]
+ % curly - curly braces are used {option}
+ % angle - angle brackets are used <option>
+ % colon - multiple citations separated by colon (default)
+ % comma - separated by comma
+ % authoryear - selects author-year citations (default)
+ % numbers- selects numerical citations
+ % super - numerical citations as superscripts
+ % sort - sorts multiple citations according to order in ref. list
+ % sort&compress - like sort, but also compresses numerical citations
+ % longnamesfirst - makes first citation full author list
+ % sectionbib - puts bibliography in a \section* instead of \chapter*
+ % Punctuation so selected dominates over any predefined ones.
+ % LaTeX2e options are called as, e.g.
+ % \usepackage[square,comma]{natbib}
+%</!209>
+ % LaTeX the source file natbib.dtx to obtain more details
+%<!209> % or the file natnotes.tex for a brief reference sheet.
+ %-----------------------------------------------------------
+%</package&!subpack>
+% \fi
+%
+% \section{Options with \texttt{docstrip}}
+% The source \texttt{.dtx} file is meant to be processed with
+% \texttt{docstrip}, for which a number of options are available:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily all] includes all of the other interfaces;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily apalike] allows interpretation of minimal \texttt{apalike}
+% form of |\bibitem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily newapa] allows |\citeauthoryear| to be in the optional
+% argument of |\bibitem| along with the punctuation commands of
+% \texttt{newapa.sty};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily chicago] is the same as \texttt{newapa};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily harvard] includes interpretation of |\harvarditem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily astron] allows |\astroncite| to appear in the optional
+% argument of |\bibitem|;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily authordate] adds the syntax of the |\citename| command.
+%
+% \end{description}
+%
+% This package file is intended to act as a module for other class files
+% written for specific journals, in which case the flexible
+% |\bibstyle@|{\em bst\/} commands are not wanted. Punctuation and
+% other style features are to be rigidly fixed. These journal options are
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily agu] for journals of the \textsl{American Geophysical
+% Union};
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily egs] for journals of the \textsl{European Geophysical
+% Society}, in particular \textsl{Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics}.
+%
+% \end{description}
+%
+% The remaining options are:
+% \begin{description}
+% \item[\ttfamily package] to produce a \texttt{.sty} package file with most
+% comments removed;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily 209] (together with \texttt{package}) for a style option
+% file that will run under the older \LaTeX~2.09;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily subpack] (together with \texttt{package}) for coding that
+% is to be included inside a larger package; even more comments are
+% removed, as well as \LaTeXe{} option handling and identification;
+% produces a basic \thestyle\ package for author--year only, fixed
+% citation style (punctuation);
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily notes] extracts a summary of usage to be used as a
+% reference sheet; the resulting file is to be \LaTeX{}ed;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily nopreonly] allows |\citestyle| and |\bibpunct| to be
+% called anywhere in the text; this is considered possibly useful
+% with the \texttt{chapterbib} package where different chapters might
+% have different bibliography and citation styles; is only provided
+% in case I change my mind about this feature, but for now I
+% refuse to implement it;
+%
+% \item[\ttfamily driver] to produce a driver \texttt{.drv} file that will
+% print out the documentation under \LaTeXe. The documentation cannot
+% be printed under \LaTeX~2.09.
+%
+% \end{description}
+% The source file \texttt{\filename.dtx} is itself a driver file and can
+% be processed directly by \LaTeXe.
+%
+% \iffalse
+%<notes>\end{document}
+% \fi
+%
+% \StopEventually{\PrintIndex\PrintChanges}
+%
+% \section{The Coding}
+% This section presents and explains the actual coding of the macros.
+% It is nested between |%<*package>| and |%</package>|, which
+% are indicators to \texttt{docstrip} that this coding belongs to the package
+% file.
+%
+% The \texttt{docstrip} option |<subpack>| should only be called if the
+% coding is to be included as part of another package, in which case the
+% announcement text and \LaTeXe{} options are suppressed.
+%
+% An alternative version of this coding is provided for running as a
+% style file under \LaTeX~2.09. Code lines belonging to this are
+% indicated with guard |<209>|; those for LaTeXe{} only with |<!209>|.
+%
+% With \LaTeX\ release from \texttt{1995/12/01}, |\cite| is made robust,
+% something that I have adopted as well.
+%
+% Another change in the above release is that
+% |\G@refundefinedtrue|\footnote{In fact, it was only proposed to be
+% removed, but because several packages, including this one, were
+% adversely affected, the name was retained for the new coding.}
+% and the |\if@openbib| flag have been removed.
+% New, more effective, and compact, coding has replaced them. Rather than
+% relying on the kernel coding, I make \thestyle\ more
+% self-reliant.
+%
+% \subsection{Test for Specific Journals}
+% This package should not be loaded with the specific journal packages that
+% already include it; it is superfluous and can lead to contradictions.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*package>
+%<*!209&!subpack>
+\@ifclassloaded{aguplus}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The aguplus class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{nlinproc}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The nlinproc class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{egs}{\PackageError{natbib}
+ {The egs class already includes natbib coding,\MessageBreak
+ so you should not add it explicitly}
+ {Type <Return> for now, but then later remove\MessageBreak
+ the command \protect\usepackage{natbib} from the document}
+ \endinput}{}
+%</!209&!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation and Other Modifications}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibstyle@xxx}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add \texttt{agsm} and \texttt{dcu} punctuation
+% styles from \texttt{harvard} series}
+% We begin by defining a number of punctuation styles for specific
+% author--year \texttt{.bst} files that I use.
+% They are placed here, near the beginning, so that another
+% user can easily find them to add his own. Some comments remain in the
+% stripped version too.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+ % Define citation punctuation for some author-year styles
+ % One may add and delete at this point
+%<!209> % Or put additions into local configuration file natbib.cfg
+\newcommand\bibstyle@chicago{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@named{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@agu{\bibpunct{[}{]}{;}{a}{,}{,~}}%Amer. Geophys. Union
+\newcommand\bibstyle@egs{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Eur. Geophys. Soc.
+%<*all|harvard>
+\newcommand\bibstyle@agsm{\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{,}\gdef\harvardand{\&}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@kluwer{\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{,}\gdef\harvardand{\&}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@dcu{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{;}{,}\gdef\harvardand{and}}
+%</all|harvard>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Here give the explicit punctuation for the specific journals; their
+% coding need not contain the punctuation macros |\bibpunct| and
+% |\bibstyle@xxx| since the punctuation is fixed for them.
+%
+% Activate citation sorting for the journals.
+% \changes{6.8b}{1998 July 2}{Turn off sorting for AGU and EGS}
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@aa{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{}{,}} %Astronomy & Astrophysics
+\newcommand\bibstyle@pass{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Planet. & Space Sci
+\newcommand\bibstyle@anngeo{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Annales Geophysicae
+\newcommand\bibstyle@nlinproc{\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}}%Nonlin.Proc.Geophys.
+%</!subpack>
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@open{[} \newcommand\NAT@close{]}
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;} \newcommand\NAT@cmt{, }
+%<agu>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,~}
+%<agu|egs>\def\NAT@sort{0}
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@open{(} \newcommand\NAT@close{)}
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;} \newcommand\NAT@cmt{, }
+%<egs>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Fix \texttt{esa} style for new note system}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 7}{Fix \texttt{esa} style again}
+% Next, the same thing is done for some numerical styles. A major
+% difference here is that the |\@biblabel| and |\@cite| commands must also
+% be redefined in many cases. These redefinitions must be made with the
+% |\gdef| (global definition) command.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+ % Define citation punctuation for some numerical styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@cospar{\bibpunct{/}{/}{,}{n}{}{}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@esa{\bibpunct{(Ref.~}{)}{,}{n}{}{}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.\hspace{1em}}}
+\newcommand\bibstyle@nature{\bibpunct{}{}{,}{s}{}{\textsuperscript{,}}%
+ \gdef\NAT@biblabelnum##1{##1.}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Finally, the standard \LaTeX{} (numerical) citation styles are included
+% along with their \thestyle\ modifications (author--year).
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ % The standard LaTeX styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@plain{\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{n}{}{,}}
+\let\bibstyle@alpha=\bibstyle@plain
+\let\bibstyle@abbrv=\bibstyle@plain
+\let\bibstyle@unsrt=\bibstyle@plain
+ % The author-year modifications of the standard styles
+\newcommand\bibstyle@plainnat{\bibpunct{[}{]}{,}{a}{,}{,}}
+\let\bibstyle@abbrvnat=\bibstyle@plainnat
+\let\bibstyle@unsrtnat=\bibstyle@plainnat
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{\LaTeXe{} Options}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@numbers}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Add flag for switching between cite styles}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@super}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Add flag for switching between cite styles}
+% Two flags are used to keep track of the citation style. The flag
+% |\ifNAT@numbers| is \meta{false} by default (author--year) and switches
+% to \meta{true} for numerical citations. The flag |\ifNAT@super| indicates
+% if the numerical citation is to be done with superscripts.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifNAT@numbers \NAT@numbersfalse
+\newif\ifNAT@super \NAT@superfalse
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\DeclareOption}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add \LaTeXe{} options.}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add options \texttt{angle} and \texttt{curly}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Add option \texttt{bibstyle}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Execute \texttt{nobibstyle} with all options}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 27}{Add option \texttt{openbib}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add option \texttt{sectionbib}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 13}{Add option \texttt{sort}}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Jul 14}{Add option \texttt{longnamesfirst}}
+% \changes{6.8c}{1998 Jul 14}{Add option \texttt{nonamebreak}}
+% For \LaTeXe, we can define some options to be used with the |\usepackage|
+% command that loads the \thestyle{} package. These are an additional means
+% of specifying the citation punctuation and scheme.
+%
+% The standard option \texttt{openbib} is also defined here so that its
+% behaviour is entirely under my control. Relying on the standard classes
+% can lead to trouble.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\DeclareOption{numbers}{\NAT@numberstrue
+ \ExecuteOptions{square,comma,nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{super}{\NAT@supertrue\NAT@numberstrue
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{}\renewcommand\NAT@close{}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{authoryear}{\NAT@numbersfalse
+ \ExecuteOptions{round,colon,bibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{round}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{(} \renewcommand\NAT@close{)}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{square}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{[} \renewcommand\NAT@close{]}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{angle}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{$<$} \renewcommand\NAT@close{$>$}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{curly}{%
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{\{} \renewcommand\NAT@close{\}}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{comma}{\renewcommand\NAT@sep{,}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{colon}{\renewcommand\NAT@sep{;}
+ \ExecuteOptions{nobibstyle}}
+\DeclareOption{nobibstyle}{\let\bibstyle=\@gobble}
+\DeclareOption{bibstyle}{\let\bibstyle=\@citestyle}
+\newif\ifNAT@openbib \NAT@openbibfalse
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{\NAT@openbibtrue}
+\DeclareOption{sectionbib}{\def\NAT@sectionbib{on}}
+\def\NAT@sort{0}
+\DeclareOption{sort}{\def\NAT@sort{1}}
+\DeclareOption{sort&compress}{\def\NAT@sort{2}}
+\@ifpackageloaded{cite}{\PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}
+ {The `cite' package should not be used\MessageBreak
+ with natbib. Use option `sort' instead}\ExecuteOptions{sort}}{}
+\newif\ifNAT@longnames\NAT@longnamesfalse
+\DeclareOption{longnamesfirst}{\NAT@longnamestrue}
+\DeclareOption{nonamebreak}{\def\NAT@nmfmt#1{\mbox{\NAT@up#1}}}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+\def\NAT@nmfmt#1{{\NAT@up#1}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Before version~6.0, the punctuation options had the lowest priority,
+% being overridden by any |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} command. It was necessary
+% to add the option \texttt{nobibstyle} to make them effective. Now this
+% option is automatically executed whenever a punctuation option is chosen.
+% The reason is that \texttt{nobibstyle} is either superfluous (no
+% predefined citation style is present) or always necessary to make the
+% other options meaningful.
+%
+% It seems to be better practice to make any explicit choices to have
+% higher priority over implicit ones.
+%
+% The option \texttt{bibstyle} reactivates the predefined commands, just in
+% case this is needed, as it is for the option \texttt{authoryear}. This
+% leaves the predefined styles functioning, since it does not really
+% determine the citation style, but rather establishes a default which may
+% be overwritten by a prestored one. For this reason, this option must be
+% defined very early so that any explicit punctuation options overwrite the
+% defaults. (Options are executed in the order defined.)
+%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Selecting Citation Punctuation and Other Modifications}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibstyle}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Move \cs{ProcessOptions} to after definition
+% of \cs{bibstyle}}
+% The pre-defined punctuation styles are associated with particular
+% \texttt{.bst} files. This is implemented by means of the standard
+% |\bibliographystyle| command that specifies the name of the \texttt{.bst}
+% file that is to be used by \btx. Some \LaTeX{} manuals erroneously state
+% that this command must be issued prior to any |\cite| commands. If that
+% were the case, the task of invoking the style definitions would be much
+% easier, for they certainly must be issued before the first |\cite|.
+% However, I have always called |\bibliographystyle| together with
+% |\bibliography|, well after all |\cite| commands.
+%
+% In fact, all that |\bibliographystyle|\marg{bst} does is to write
+% |\bibstyle|\marg{bst} to the auxiliary file. This file, and all its
+% contents, will be read in at the beginning of the next \LaTeX{} run; to
+% be precise, it is read in by |\begin{document}|. The command |\bibstyle| is
+% then executed at that point on the next run. However, it is
+% defined to do nothing more than to swallow up its argument! In other
+% words, the combination |\bibliographystyle| and |\bibstyle| do absolutely
+% nothing to the \LaTeX{} runs. In fact, |\bibstyle| is a command for
+% \btx{} alone.
+%
+% I have taken advantage of this to redefine |\bibstyle| to execute the
+% \texttt{bst}-specific definitions. This definition is made here before
+% |\ExecuteOptions| so that options may make use of it; the option
+% \texttt{nobibstyle} turns it off, for example.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\renewcommand\bibstyle[1]{\@ifundefined{bibstyle@#1}{\relax}
+ {\csname bibstyle@#1\endcsname}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% This is executed only when the auxiliary file is read in, and that is
+% when |\begin{document}| is issued. Thus this is well before any |\cite|
+% commands. It is for this reason that any definitions in the
+% |\bibstyle@xxx| commands must be global.
+%
+% A minor problem arises in that the auxiliary file is read in a second
+% time, at the end of the run, to check whether any labels have changed.
+% Sometimes, re-executing the |\bibstyle@xxx| command at this point
+% produces error messages. To avoid this, |\bibstyle| is reset to its
+% normal, do-nothing, definition after |\begin{document}|.
+%
+% \LaTeXe{} provides a better way of adding commands to |\document|,
+% which is then exploited here. Paradoxically, the problem with re-reading
+% the auxiliary file does not seem to arise for this version.
+%
+% (|\NAT@set@cites| must also be executed at the start of the document; for
+% \LaTeXe, this is added later when the macro is defined.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*209>
+\let\ori@document=\document
+\renewcommand\document{\ori@document\global\let\bibstyle=\@gobble
+ \NAT@set@cites}
+%</209>
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\global\let\bibstyle=\@gobble}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citestyle}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 03}{Add macro}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Make preamble only}
+% To allow one to invoke preprogrammed punctuation styles that are
+% different from the name of the bibliography style specified by
+% |\bibliographystyle|, call |\citestyle| in the preamble. This then
+% deactivates |\bibstyle| so that any preprogrammed punctuations become
+% ineffective.
+%
+% This, and all other punctuation (citation style) declarations, may only
+% be used in the preamble, as of version 5.5. (Previously they could only
+% be used after the preamble, but the preamble is more logical.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\let\@citestyle\bibstyle
+\newcommand\citestyle[1]{\@citestyle{#1}\let\bibstyle\@gobble}
+%<!209&!nopreonly>\@onlypreamble{\citestyle}\@onlypreamble{\@citestyle}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibpunct}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add superscript style of citations}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Use flags to select citation style}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Make preamble only}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Sets \cs{bibstyle} to \cs{@gobble}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Declare \cs{NAT@numbersfalse} before testing 4th
+% argument}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Add optional argument for \cs{NAT@cmt}}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 7}{Add blank to default of first argument}
+% Now |\bibpunct| is defined. It sets various punctuation commands equal to
+% its arguments. It also switches to numerical style if that is specified
+% by the fourth argument. This is done by setting the citation style
+% flag |NAT@numbers| accordingly. The internal cite macros are later
+% set to the style-dependent definitions by calling |\NAT@set@cites|.
+%
+% The fourth argument can also be \texttt{s} for superscript, which
+% sets both the numerical and the |\NAT@super| flags.
+%
+% An optional argument has been added to determine the punctuation that
+% precedes a trailing note. This makes the counting of mandatory arguments
+% somewhat confused, since the fourth argument is now |#5|.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<!209>\newcommand\bibpunct[7][, ]%
+%<209>\newcommand\bibpunct{\@ifnextchar[{\@bibpunct}{\@bibpunct[, ]}}
+%<209>\def\@bibpunct[#1]#2#3#4#5#6#7%
+ {\gdef\NAT@open{#2}\gdef\NAT@close{#3}\gdef
+ \NAT@sep{#4}\global\NAT@numbersfalse\ifx #5n\global\NAT@numberstrue
+ \else
+ \ifx #5s\global\NAT@numberstrue\global\NAT@supertrue
+ \fi\fi
+ \gdef\NAT@aysep{#6}\gdef\NAT@yrsep{#7}%
+ \gdef\NAT@cmt{#1}%
+ \global\let\bibstyle\@gobble
+%<nopreonly> \NAT@set@cites
+ }
+%<*!nopreonly>
+%<!209>\@onlypreamble{\bibpunct}
+%<209>\def\do{\noexpand\do\noexpand}
+%<209>\edef\@preamblecmds{\@preamblecmds \do\bibpunct \do\citestyle}
+%</!nopreonly>
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The command turns off |\bibstyle| so that the predefined
+% |\bibstyle@|\textit{bst} commands no longer work. Thus |\bibpunct| has
+% priority over the predefined styles.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Setting the Defaults}
+% For \LaTeXe, the defaults (punctuation and scheme type) are set with the
+% |\ExecuteOptions| command. For \LaTeX~2.09, the default scheme is
+% author--year, and punctuation can only be set with |\bibpunct|.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@open}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citebegin}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@close}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citeend}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@sep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@citesep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@aysep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@auyrsep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@yrsep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Renamed from \cs{@yrsep}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@cmt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.9}{1999 Feb 25}{Remove hardwired spaces after \cs{NAT@cmt},
+% adding them to default definition instead}
+% The five punctuation characters for citations are the start and stop
+% brackets, the character between multiple citations, the character between
+% the authors and year (parenthetical only), and the character between
+% adjacent years when the common author list is omitted.
+% A sixth one has been added: the character preceding post-notes,
+% including any possible space.
+% Define their default values.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@open{(} \newcommand\NAT@close{)}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@sep{;}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 19}{Remove \cs{ExecuteOptions} since default
+% style determined by definitions}
+% The option \texttt{authoryear} was originally provided to serve as the
+% default; hence its definition includes \texttt{bibstyle}. However, this
+% is not necessary since all the appropriate parameters are set to these
+% values anyway. (One could consider removing \texttt{bibstyle}.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+%\ExecuteOptions{authoryear}
+\ProcessOptions
+%</!subpack&!209>
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@aysep{,} \newcommand\NAT@yrsep{,}
+%<!agu&!egs>\newcommand\NAT@cmt{, }
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{Internal Citing Macros}
+% A number of internal macros (|\@citex|, |\@cite|, |\@biblabel|, and
+% |\@bibsetup|) need to have different definitions for author--year and
+% numerical schemes. They are defined here for the two different styles,
+% with different names, and which ones become active depend on the citation
+% style flags |\ifNAT@numbers| and |\ifNAT@super|.
+%
+% The coding for the journals always defines the internal macros directly
+% as the author--year version, since they can never do any switching.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@cite}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@cite}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Dec 2}{Reversed optional text no longer needs to include
+% a trailing blank}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add optional notes after as well as before
+% citation.}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add command space in place of space}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Use \cs{if}\cs{relax}\texttt{\#2}\cs{relax}
+% in place of \cs{if}\texttt{\#2}\cs{@empty}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@cite}}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 26}{Use flag \cs{ifNAT@par} to suppress braces
+% optionally}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Add \cs{endgroup} to terminate group}
+% \changes{6.9a}{1999 Apr 20}{Change test for empty notes to asterix, not \cs{relax}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citenum}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add optional notes after as well as before
+% citation.}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add command space in place of space}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Use \cs{if}\cs{relax}\texttt{\#2}\cs{relax}
+% in place of \cs{if}\texttt{\#2}\cs{@empty}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citenum}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Numericals always print notes if present, do not
+% test for any flag first}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 27}{Can be textual or parenthetical}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Add \cs{endgroup} to terminate group}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Use \cs{NAT@@open} and \cs{NAT@@close} instead
+% of \cs{NAT@open} and \cs{NAT@close}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citesuper}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Add macro for superscripts}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citesuper}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Prints post-note only if present}
+% \changes{6.2}{1995 Feb 2}{Get superscript font size right; use
+% \cs{textsuperscript}}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 4}{Modify for new \cs{NAT@citexnum}}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Add \cs{endgroup} to terminate group}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 7}{Add \cs{citenumfont} for numbers}
+% Define the internal |\@cite| commands that prints the assembled string of
+% citation label texts, plus possible optional notes, before and after. The
+% numerical version (now) the same, where previously (before 6.8) it used
+% |\NAT@open| and |\NAT@close| so that braces were always present. (Keep the
+% separate definitions anyway in case a difference should arise later.) In both
+% cases, the notes are included (if present) only for parenthetical citations
+% (|\ifNAT@swa| is \meta{true}) while for textual citations, they are printed
+% by |\@citex|. The flag |\ifNAT@par| suppresses parentheses if \meta{false},
+% which is used with |\citealt|, |\citealp|, |\citeyear|, and |\citeauthor|
+% (both numerical and author--year modes).
+%
+% The superscript citation prints only the following, not the preceding,
+% note, and then only if it is present.
+%
+% Use the construction |\if*#2*| to test for empty note argument. Previously
+% used |\relax| in place of |*| but then it turned out that if the text began
+% with a robust command (like |\S|) the |\protect| command implicit here is
+% equal to |\relax| so the condition is \meta{true}. Now any notes beginning
+% with an asterix will give trouble.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\renewcommand\@cite%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@cite%
+ [3]{\ifNAT@swa\NAT@@open\if*#2*\else#2\ \fi
+ #1\if*#3*\else\NAT@cmt#3\fi\NAT@@close\else#1\fi\endgroup}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@citenum%
+ [3]{\ifNAT@swa\NAT@@open\if*#2*\else#2\ \fi
+ #1\if*#3*\else\NAT@cmt#3\fi\NAT@@close\else#1\fi\endgroup}
+\newcommand\NAT@citesuper[3]{\ifNAT@swa
+\unskip\hspace{1\p@}\textsuperscript{#1}%
+ \if*#3*\else\ (#3)\fi\else #1\fi\endgroup}
+%<!209>\providecommand
+%<209>\@ifundefined{textsuperscript}{\newcommand
+ \textsuperscript[1]{\mbox{$^{\mbox{\scriptsize#1}}$}}
+%<209>}{}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@citex}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Use \cs{NAT@citeundefined}}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 17}{Add \cs{NAT@ctype} for author, year, or both}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citexnum}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Make like \LaTeXe{} definition instead of 2.09}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citexnum}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Prints \cs{NAT@num} instead of \cs{b@citeb}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Add \cs{NAT@space} for variable spacing between
+% numericals and superscripts}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 17}{Add \cs{NAT@ctype} for author, year, or number;
+% can be textual or parethetical}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 3}{Re-write for sorting and compression}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 25}{Improve \texttt{hyperref} support}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Jul 14}{Suppress repeated authors with numerical
+% \cs{citet}}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Jul 16}{Add \cs{ifNAT@longnames} test}
+% The original definition of |\@citex| is used as basis for |\NAT@citexnum|,
+% the version for numerical citations. What it does is to write a
+% |\citation| command to the auxiliary file (for \btx), and then parses the
+% second argument, the list of citation keys. These keys have to be decoded
+% into the actual label text contained in |\b@|\emph{key} (a number or
+% author--year), and put together as the argument of |\@cite|.
+% For a textual citation (|\ifNAT@swa| \meta{false}), the authors are printed
+% and then the number in parentheses. For multiple citations (silly thing) each
+% number is in separate parentheses preceded by authors.
+%
+% The temporary command |\@citeb| takes on the value of each of the keys in
+% turn; |\@citea| is the separator between multiple citations, initially
+% set to nothing, becoming |\NAT@sep| plus line-break suppression
+% afterwards. The |\@firstofone| macro removes any leading blanks in
+% |\@citeb|, making |\cite{key1, key2}| possible. If |\b@|\emph{key} is
+% not defined (as on the first run, for example), a warning is printed, and
+% a question mark inserted. Finally, the decoded label text is placed into
+% an |\hbox| to prevent it from being split.
+%
+% As of version 6.0, the numerical label text is to be found in |\NAT@num|,
+% whereas previously it was the entire label, |\b@|\emph{key}.
+%
+% Note that here, and in later coding, internal names beginning with
+% |\@cite..| are employed; these names are used in the original \LaTeX{}
+% coding for the same functions. Therefore, if there are other packages
+% that have name conflicts with \thestyle, they will also have conflicts with
+% standard \LaTeX\ too.
+%
+% The number |\NAT@ctype| controls whether author (1), year (2), or number (0)
+% is output by this macro. A value of 4 produces the cite alias.
+%
+% For compatibility with the \texttt{chapterbib} package of Donald Arseneau,
+% add |\@extra@b@citeb| to the cite key; this contains the number of the
+% included file in order to distinguish the same citation in separate files
+% which then belong to different bibliography listings.
+%
+% The list of citation keys is in |#3|; this is sorted by |\NAT@sort@cites|
+% and returned in |\NAT@cite@list|. If sorting is turned off, this list is
+% the same as the input. If compression of numerical lists is active
+% (|NAT@sort|=2) only the parenthetical output is affected.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\let\@firstofone\@iden
+%<!209>\providecommand\@firstofone[1]{#1}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@citexnum{}
+\def\NAT@citexnum[#1][#2]#3{%
+%<!209> \NAT@sort@cites{#3}%
+ \let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\def\NAT@num{-1}\let\NAT@last@yr\relax\let\NAT@nm\@empty
+%<!209> \@for\@citeb:=\NAT@cite@list\do
+%<209> \@for\@citeb:=#3\do
+ {\edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries?}
+%<!209> \NAT@citeundefined\PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\let\NAT@last@num\NAT@num\let\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm
+ \NAT@parse{\@citeb}%
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+ \ifNAT@longnames\@ifundefined{bv@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+ \let\NAT@name=\NAT@all@names
+ \global\@namedef{bv@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{}}{}%
+ \fi
+%</!subpack&!209>
+ \ifNAT@full\let\NAT@nm\NAT@all@names\else
+ \let\NAT@nm\NAT@name\fi
+% \end{macrocode}
+% For compression of numerical citations, we need to save the last number;
+% use |\NAT@last@num| for this purpose. Use |\NAT@last@nm| to save last
+% names to check for repetitions.
+%
+% For parenthetical (\LaTeX\ standard) produce only the number (exception:
+% year is allowed for |\citeyearpar|, but without sorting); any notes are
+% added in the |\@cite| macro. For textual, print the authors and then the
+% number in parentheses. This is done for each citation of a multiple set,
+% unlike the parenthetical version where all citations appear in a single pair
+% of parentheses.
+%
+% The hyperlink start and end are to bracket only the number; however, if
+% only the authors or only the year are printed, then these are bracketed.
+% Numbers are not compressed if \texttt{hyperref} is loaded, since every
+% reference must be present.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \ifNAT@swa
+ \ifnum\NAT@ctype>1\relax\@citea
+ \hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \ifnum\NAT@ctype=2\relax\NAT@test{\NAT@ctype}%
+%<!209> \else\NAT@alias
+ \fi\hyper@natlinkend\else
+%<*!209>
+ \ifnum\NAT@sort>1
+ \begingroup\catcode`\_=8
+ \ifcat _\ifnum\z@<0\NAT@num _\else A\fi
+ \global\let\NAT@nm=\NAT@num \else \gdef\NAT@nm{-2}\fi
+ \ifcat _\ifnum\z@<0\NAT@last@num _\else A\fi
+ \global\@tempcnta=\NAT@last@num \global\advance\@tempcnta by\@ne
+ \else \global\@tempcnta\m@ne\fi
+ \endgroup
+ \ifnum\NAT@nm=\@tempcnta
+ \ifx\NAT@last@yr\relax
+ \edef\NAT@last@yr{\@citea \mbox{\noexpand\citenumfont\NAT@num}}%
+ \else
+ \edef\NAT@last@yr{--\penalty\@m\mbox{\noexpand\citenumfont\NAT@num}}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \NAT@last@yr \@citea \mbox{\citenumfont\NAT@num}%
+ \let\NAT@last@yr\relax
+ \fi
+ \else
+%</!209>
+ \@citea \mbox{\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ {\citenumfont\NAT@num}\hyper@natlinkend}%
+%<!209> \fi
+ \fi
+ \def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\NAT@space}%
+% \end{macrocode}
+% For textual citations, test what the output is to be (number, year,
+% author) and also test for comments.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \else
+ \ifcase\NAT@ctype\relax
+ \ifx\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm \NAT@yrsep\penalty\@m\NAT@space\else
+ \@citea \NAT@test{1}\ \NAT@@open
+ \if*#1*\else#1\ \fi\fi \NAT@mbox{%
+ \hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ {\citenumfont\NAT@num}\hyper@natlinkend}%
+ \def\@citea{\NAT@@close\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\ }%
+ \or\@citea
+ \hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@test{\NAT@ctype}\hyper@natlinkend
+ \def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\ }%
+ \or\@citea
+ \hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@test{\NAT@ctype}\hyper@natlinkend
+ \def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\ }%
+%<*!209>
+ \or\@citea
+ \hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@alias\hyper@natlinkend
+ \def\@citea{\NAT@sep\penalty\@m\ }%
+%</!209>
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ }}%
+%<!209> \ifnum\NAT@sort>1\relax\NAT@last@yr\fi
+ \ifNAT@swa\else\ifnum\NAT@ctype=0\if*#2*\else
+ \NAT@cmt#2\fi \NAT@@close\fi\fi}{#1}{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@test}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 29}{Add macro}
+% For numerical mode, need to test if there really is a name or date; if a
+% numerical \texttt{.bst} file is being used, there will not be any names or
+% dates. This macro tests and writes |\NAT@nm| or |\NAT@date| according to
+% its argument being 1 or 2.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@test[1]{\ifnum#1=1 \ifx\NAT@nm\NAT@noname
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf(author?)}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries(author?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Author undefined for citation`\@citeb'
+%<209> ^^J
+%<!209> \MessageBreak
+ on page \thepage}\else \NAT@nm \fi
+ \else \if\relax\NAT@date\relax
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf(author?)}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries(year?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Year undefined for citation`\@citeb'
+%<209> ^^J
+%<!209> \MessageBreak
+ on page \thepage}\else \NAT@date \fi \fi}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citenumfont}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 7}{Add macro to format numerical citations}
+% To set the numerical citations in a different font, define |\citenumfont|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\let\citenumfont=\relax
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citex}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Make like \LaTeXe{} definition instead of 2.09}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Change space to command space for text cites}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Add test for adjacent citations having equal
+% authors and years}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@citex}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Move \cs{ifNAT@full} test from
+% \cs{NAT@parse} to here}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 3}{Add sorting of citations}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Jul 16}{Add \cs{ifNAT@longnames} test}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 7}{Suppress years when empty}
+% The author--year version of |\@citex| is now defined. It wants the authors
+% and year for each decoded label text to be separated into |\NAT@nm| and
+% |\NAT@date|. This is done by the routine |\NAT@parse|. The names of the
+% authors in the previous key are stored in |\NAT@last@nm|, and if that is the
+% same as the current names, it is not printed again. The output citation text
+% is not put into an |\hbox| since line division may occur within the
+% author--year citation. The output is formatted differently for parenthetical
+% (|\NAT@swa| \meta{true}) and textual (|\NAT@swa| \meta{false}) cases.
+%
+% The citation keys are in |#3|; these are sorted by |\NAT@sort@cites| and
+% stored in |\NAT@cite@list|. If sorting is turned off, this list is the same
+% as the original one.
+%
+% |\NAT@nm| will contain either |\NAT@name| or |\NAT@all@names| depending
+% on the state of |\ifNAT@full|.
+%
+% With the option \texttt{longnamesfirst}, the flag |\ifNAT@longnames| is
+% set; this makes the first citation of any reference use the long list of
+% names. The flag |\bv@|\meta{key} is defined after the first citation so
+% that short lists are used afterwards.
+%
+% When the year (|\NAT@date|) is empty, no year is printed, nor is the
+% preceding punctuation there; for textual citations, the brackets are also
+% suppressed. This is to allow to citations with a code designation without a
+% year.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\def\@citex%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@citex{}
+%<!subpack>\def\NAT@citex%
+ [#1][#2]#3{%
+%<!209> \NAT@sort@cites{#3}%
+ \let\@citea\@empty
+ \@cite{\let\NAT@nm\@empty\let\NAT@year\@empty
+%<!209> \@for\@citeb:=\NAT@cite@list\do
+%<209> \@for\@citeb:=#3\do
+ {\edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{\@citea%
+%<209> {\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
+%<!209> {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}\def\NAT@date{}}%
+ {\let\NAT@last@nm=\NAT@nm\let\NAT@last@yr=\NAT@year
+ \NAT@parse{\@citeb}%
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+ \ifNAT@longnames\@ifundefined{bv@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+ \let\NAT@name=\NAT@all@names
+ \global\@namedef{bv@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{}}{}%
+ \fi
+%</!subpack&!209>
+ \ifNAT@full\let\NAT@nm\NAT@all@names\else
+ \let\NAT@nm\NAT@name\fi
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Begin parenthetical citation. Check if author names the same as in the
+% previous citation, and if so, also check if the years are the same.
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 8}{Add \cs{unskip} to avoid double spacing
+% between years}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Add optional notes for textual citations}
+% If so, citations are printed `1994a,b'; if a space is wanted between
+% the letters, as `1994a,~b', then give |\NAT@yrsep| as |{,~}|. For this
+% reason, the |\unskip| is needed when the space between years is printed
+% to avoid two spaces.
+%
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 17}{Add \cs{NAT@ctype} for author, year, or both}
+% This macro is to be used to define |\citep|, |\citet|, |\citeyear|, and
+% |\citeauthor|, controlled by various flags. The |\NAT@ctype| is a number
+% equal to 0 for author and year, 1 for author only, 2 for year only.
+% \changes{6.9}{1999 Jan 22}{Add citation alias feature}
+% A value of 3 is for the citation alias defined by |\defcitealias|.
+%
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 25}{Improve \texttt{hyperref} support}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 30}{Add missing \cs{NAT@close} to \cs{@citea}}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Jul 14}{Put hyperlink brackets snuggly around
+% \cs{NAT@exlab} and \cs{NAT@date}}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Remove superfluous \cs{hyper@natlinkstart}}
+% \changes{6.8b}{1998 July 2}{Add \cs{hyper@natlinkbreak}}
+% \changes{6.8c}{1998 July 14}{Remove opening brace and notes from link}
+% \changes{6.8c}{1998 July 14}{Add \cs{NAT@nmfmt}}
+% The hyperlinks are to bracket each reference completely, or at least that
+% part that is present. The author names and year are made into separate links
+% with the help of |\hyper@natlinkbreak|. Excluded from the link are
+% punctuation and space between names and year, as well as notes and braces.
+% Everything to be excluded is put into the first argument of |\hyper@natlinkbreak|.
+% (This needs \texttt{hyperref.sty} version~6.32.)
+%
+% Another aid to keeping links on one page is the |\NAT@nmfmt| function for
+% formatting names: normally this is nothing, but with the \texttt{nonamebreak}
+% option, it becomes |\mbox|. This was a special request.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \ifNAT@swa\ifcase\NAT@ctype
+ \if\relax\NAT@date\relax
+ \@citea\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}\NAT@date\hyper@natlinkend
+ \else
+ \ifx\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm\NAT@yrsep
+ \ifx\NAT@last@yr\NAT@year
+ \hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}\NAT@exlab
+ \hyper@natlinkend
+ \else\unskip\
+ \hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}\NAT@date
+ \hyper@natlinkend
+ \fi
+ \else\@citea\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}%
+ \hyper@natlinkbreak{\NAT@aysep\ }{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@date\hyper@natlinkend
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \or\@citea\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}\hyper@natlinkend
+ \or\@citea\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@date\hyper@natlinkend
+%<*!209>
+ \or\@citea\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@alias\hyper@natlinkend
+%</!209>
+ \fi \def\@citea{\NAT@sep\ }%
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Begin textual citation. Do same checks for repeated names and years.
+% Optional notes are added here, not in |\NAT@cite|, which means for
+% multiple citations, each one will receive the notes in the year part.
+% (Pre-notes are questionable for this, but include them anyway.)
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 July 5}{Fix closing brace bug}
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \else\ifcase\NAT@ctype
+ \if\relax\NAT@date\relax
+ \@citea\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}\hyper@natlinkend
+ \else
+ \ifx\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm\NAT@yrsep
+ \ifx\NAT@last@yr\NAT@year
+ \hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}\NAT@exlab
+ \hyper@natlinkend
+ \else\unskip\
+ \hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}\NAT@date
+ \hyper@natlinkend
+ \fi
+ \else\@citea\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}%
+ \hyper@natlinkbreak{\ \NAT@@open\if*#1*\else#1\ \fi}%
+ {\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@date\hyper@natlinkend\fi
+ \fi
+ \or\@citea\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}\hyper@natlinkend
+ \or\@citea\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@date\hyper@natlinkend
+%<*!209>
+ \or\@citea\hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}%
+ \NAT@alias\hyper@natlinkend
+%</!209>
+ \fi \if\relax\NAT@date\relax\def\@citea{\NAT@sep\ }%
+ \else\def\@citea{\NAT@@close\NAT@sep\ }\fi
+ \fi
+ }}\ifNAT@swa\else\if*#2*\else\NAT@cmt#2\fi
+ \if\relax\NAT@date\relax\else\NAT@@close\fi\fi}{#1}{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@@open}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 26}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@@close}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 26}{Add macro}
+% To allow the opening and closing braces to be suppressed for |\citealt|, use
+% the flag |\ifNAT@par| in these macros. This only applies for author--year
+% mode.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifNAT@par \NAT@partrue
+\newcommand\NAT@@open{\ifNAT@par\NAT@open\fi}
+\newcommand\NAT@@close{\ifNAT@par\NAT@close\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@alias}
+% \changes{6.9}{1999 Jan 22}{Add macro}
+% When |\NAT@ctype| is 3, the citation alias previously defined with
+% |\defcitealias| is printed as the citation. This is a \LaTeXe\ feature only.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\newcommand\NAT@alias{\@ifundefined{al@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+ {\reset@font\bfseries(alias?)}\PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Alias undefined for citation `\@citeb'
+ \MessageBreak on page \thepage}}{\@nameuse{al@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}}}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@up}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 10}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@Up}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 10}{Add macro}
+% If a textual citation comes at the beginning of a sentence, and the first
+% author's name is with a von part, we want to be able to capitalize it. The
+% function |\NAT@up| precedes all names and is normally |\relax|, but can be
+% set to |\NAT@Up|, which capitalizes the first letter encountered. This even
+% works with old style font commands like |{\it van Burg}| but not with NFSS
+% commands like |\textit{van Burg}|. This is for use with the |\Citet|
+% command.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\let\NAT@up\relax
+\newcommand\NAT@Up[1]{{\let\protect\@unexpandable@protect\let~\relax
+ \expandafter\NAT@deftemp#1}\expandafter\NAT@UP\NAT@temp}
+\newcommand\NAT@deftemp[1]{\xdef\NAT@temp{#1}}
+\newcommand\NAT@UP[1]{\let\@tempa\NAT@UP\ifcat a#1\MakeUppercase{#1}%
+ \let\@tempa\relax\else#1\fi\@tempa}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\shortcites}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Jul 16}{Add macro}
+% In order to force selected citations to use short author lists even when
+% the |\ifNAT@longnames| flag is set, call this macro with a list of keys as
+% argument. It then defines the |\bv@| flags so that these citations do not
+% appear as `virginal'.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\newcommand\shortcites[1]{%
+ \@bsphack\@for\@citeb:=#1\do
+ {\edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \global\@namedef{bv@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{}}\@esphack}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@biblabel}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \changes{6.8}{1997 Dec 1}{Undefine original \cs{@biblabel}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@biblabel}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@biblabel}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@biblabelnum}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@biblabelnum}}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibnumfmt}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 7}{Add macro}
+% Similarly for the |\@biblabel| command, that is used to format the
+% citation label in the list of references, define the author--year
+% and the numerical versions. For the former, no labels are
+% printed in the list of references.
+%
+% Suggestion by Donald Arseneau: undefined |\@biblabel| and have it set
+% to the predefined variants only if it is still undefined. This allows
+% users to redefine it themselves in the preamble using the standard
+% name. (They could redefine the |\NAT@biblabel|s but Arseneau figures
+% they should be able use the standard name too.)
+% The undefining is achieved by setting it to |\@empty|, not |\relax|
+% so that the user may still use |\renewcommand|. If the definition has
+% already been changed from the standard one, then leave it.
+%
+% And to simplify things for people who do not know about |\makeatletter|,
+% define |\NAT@biblabelnum| in terms of |\bibnumfmt|. One can still
+% redefine |\@biblabel| or even |\NAT@biblabelnum| if one wishes.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<subpack>\renewcommand\@biblabel[1]{\hfill}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@biblabel[1]{\hfill}
+\newcommand\NAT@biblabelnum[1]{\bibnumfmt{#1}}
+\newcommand\bibnumfmt[1]{[#1]}
+\def\@tempa#1{[#1]}
+\ifx\@tempa\@biblabel\let\@biblabel\@empty\fi
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@bibsetup}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Is \cs{let} equal to the numerical or
+% author--year definition}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bibsetup}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 13}{Add \cs{bibhang} for variable hanging
+% indentation}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@bibsetup}}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bibsetnum}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Add \cmd{\if@openbib} as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Renamed from \cs{@bibsetnum}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Use \cs{ifNAT@openbib}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Mar 05}{Add \cs{bibsep} for linespacing between
+% references}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 10}{Set \cs{bibsep} to 0 for EGS}
+% The macro |\@bibsetup| is called by |\thebibliography| and contains any
+% coding for formatting the list of references that may be different for
+% numerical and author--year schemes. For numerical citations, the
+% |\labelwidth| must be set to the size of the longest label (the argument
+% of |\thebibliography|), and the |\leftmargin| adjusted accordingly. For
+% author--year, there are no labels, so |\labelwidth| is zero, all lines
+% after the first are indented by 1~em.
+%
+% Since |\thebibliography| is not included in the \textsl{AGU} package,
+% this macro is left off here too.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!agu>
+%<*!egs>
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@bibsetnum[1]{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}\addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}%
+ \setlength{\itemsep}{\bibsep}\setlength{\parsep}{\z@}%
+%<*!209>
+ \ifNAT@openbib
+ \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\bibindent}%
+ \setlength{\itemindent}{-\bibindent}%
+ \setlength{\listparindent}{\itemindent}%
+ \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
+ \fi
+%</!209>
+}
+%</!subpack>
+%</!egs>
+\newlength{\bibhang}
+\setlength{\bibhang}{1em}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% The length |\bibsep| is to be the spacing between listed references.
+% This is normally the regular line spacing between |\item|s in a
+% \texttt{list} environment, which is |\itemsep| + |\parsep|. These are set
+% by |\@listi|. Therefore, in order to set |\bibsep| to the default value,
+% call |\@listi| locally and globally set it.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newlength{\bibsep}
+%<!egs>{\@listi \global\bibsep\itemsep \global\advance\bibsep by\parsep}
+%<egs>\setlength{\bibsep}{\z@}
+
+%<subpack>\newcommand\@bibsetup%
+%<!subpack>\newcommand\NAT@bibsetup%
+ [1]{\setlength{\leftmargin}{\bibhang}\setlength{\itemindent}{-\leftmargin}%
+ \setlength{\itemsep}{\bibsep}\setlength{\parsep}{\z@}}
+%</!agu>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@set@cites}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{New macro to set the internal macros to
+% numerical or author--year}
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 17}{Add \cs{natexlab}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Remove \cs{global} from definitions and \cs{let}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Define \cs{NAT@space} differently for
+% numericals and superscripts}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 4}{Define \cs{NAT@mbox} for superscripts}
+% \changes{6.8}{1997 Dec 1}{Allow user redefinition of \cs{@biblabel}}
+% \changes{6.8a}{1998 May 14}{\cs{@biblabel} redefined only for numericals}
+% The four internal macros that have different definitions depending on the
+% citation style have been defined with different names; now set the macros
+% to be executed to that set that is actually wanted. This is determined by
+% the flags |\ifNAT@numbers| and |\ifNAT@super|. The setting command
+% |\NAT@set@cites| is executed by |\begin{document}|, after which point,
+% the citation style should be frozen.
+%
+% The command |\natexlab| is used in the \texttt{.bst} files to enclose the
+% extra labels (the letters added to the dates); these are to be suppressed
+% for numerical citations.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newcommand\NAT@set@cites{\ifNAT@numbers
+ \ifNAT@super \let\@cite\NAT@citesuper
+ \def\NAT@mbox##1{\unskip\nobreak\hspace{1\p@}\textsuperscript{##1}}%
+ \let\citeyearpar=\citeyear
+ \let\NAT@space\relax\else
+ \let\NAT@mbox=\mbox
+ \let\@cite\NAT@citenum \def\NAT@space{ }\fi
+ \let\@citex\NAT@citexnum
+ \ifx\@biblabel\@empty\let\@biblabel\NAT@biblabelnum\fi
+ \let\@bibsetup\NAT@bibsetnum
+ \def\natexlab##1{}%
+ \else
+ \let\@cite\NAT@cite
+ \let\@citex\NAT@citex
+ \let\@biblabel\NAT@biblabel
+ \let\@bibsetup\NAT@bibsetup
+ \def\natexlab##1{##1}%
+ \fi}
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\NAT@set@cites}
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Add \texttt{showkeys} coding for \cs{@citex}}
+% Since |\citep|, |\citet|, and |\citealt| are all ultimately defined in
+% terms of the |\@citex| command, the best way to get the \texttt{showkeys}
+% package to handle these is to let it accommodate only |\@citex|. David
+% Carlisle has allowed for \thestyle, but only for |\cite| with variable number
+% of arguments, |\citeauthor|, |\citefullauthor|, and |\citeyear|. Add the
+% necessary coding at the beginning, after we know if \texttt{showkeys}
+% has been loaded or not, and |\@citex| has its final definition.
+%
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 27}{Allow \texttt{notcite} option with
+% \texttt{showkeys} package; turn off special coding}
+% Paradoxically, with version~6.6 it is necessary to remove the special coding
+% in \texttt{showkeys} for \thestyle. Now all |\cite..| commands are defined in
+% terms of |\@citex|, so that is sufficient, and the special coding is now
+% incorrect. This means resetting special coding for |\citeauthor|,
+% |\citefullauthor|, |\citeyear|. Alternatively, define |\HAR@checkdef|
+% which then also skips special \thestyle\ coding. It is just a question of
+% which package is loaded first.
+%
+% There is no point asking Carlisle to add |\@citex| to \texttt{showkeys}
+% because \thestyle\ fixes this macro with |\begin{document}|; thus
+% \texttt{showkeys} would have to be loaded \emph{after} \thestyle. By
+% including the recoding of |\@citex| here, it is not dependent on the order of
+% the two packages.
+%
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Sep 12}{Replace \cs{@ifpackageloaded} for
+% \texttt{showkeys}}
+% If the \texttt{showkeys} package is loaded with option \texttt{final}, its
+% coding is not loaded. This is meant to shutoff the package after the draft
+% version. However, \thestyle\ (version~6.6 and earlier) was confused by this,
+% because it only tested if the package was loaded, not if its coding was active.
+% Version~6.7 no longer uses |\@ifpackageloaded{showkeys}| for this test, but
+% tests if |\SK@def| exists (suggestion by David Carlisle).\label{SKdef}
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\AtBeginDocument{\ifx\SK@def\@undefined\else
+\ifx\SK@cite\@empty\else
+ \SK@def\@citex[#1][#2]#3{\SK@\SK@@ref{#3}\SK@@citex[#1][#2]{#3}}\fi
+\ifx\SK@citeauthor\@undefined\def\HAR@checkdef{}\else
+ \let\citeauthor\SK@citeauthor
+ \let\citefullauthor\SK@citefullauthor
+ \let\citeyear\SK@citeyear\fi
+\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% With the \texttt{hyperref} package, compression of numerical citations
+% must be turned off.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{%
+ \ifnum\NAT@sort=2\def\NAT@sort{1}\fi}{}}
+%</!subpack>
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{The Citations}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citet}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Jan 11}{Add macro for textual cite in numerical mode}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Make this standard textual citation, with notes}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 26}{Define with \cs{ifNAT@par} on}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 27}{Redefine for new coding of \cs{@citex}}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Place inside a group}
+% Textual citations are made with the |\citet| command, which has a starred
+% form for full authors, and may have one or two optional arguments for notes.
+%
+% This command is equivalent to the older syntex |\cite|\marg{key} without
+% optional arguments, at least in author--year mode. In numerical mode,
+% it prints the authors and then the numerical reference, whereas |\cite|
+% will only print the number. This simplifies the switching between the two
+% modes with minimal changes in text. One wants to replace ``as shown by Jones
+% et~al.\ (1990)'' with ``as shown by Jones et~al.\ [21]''; with |\cite|,
+% one would get ``as shown by [21]''.
+%
+% This is such a practical idea, that I have decided to make it the standard
+% means of textual citing. It now even allows optional notes in textual cites,
+% something that I have been asked to provide, and which is impossible under
+% the old syntex with |\cite|.
+%
+% Note that the flag |\ifNAT@swa| determines if the citation is textual or
+% parenthetical, and |\ifNAT@full| whether abbreviated or full author names
+% are to be printed.
+% The flag |\ifNAT@par| enables the opening and closing parentheses; this is
+% used only to suppress these for |\citealt| below.
+%
+% The flag |\NAT@ctype| controls what |\@citex| actually outputs: author and
+% year (0), author only (1), year only (2). (For numerical mode, 0 yields
+% author [number].)
+%
+% All the citation commands are placed inside a group; they start
+% with |\begingroup|, with the corresponding |\endgroup| added to
+% the |\@cite| command. This localizes the flag settings so that cites may
+% be contained with cites, as
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\citep[cited in \citealp{xx}]{yy}|
+% \end{quote}
+% (Without the localization, the |\citealp| turns off the brackets before
+% |\citep| comes to an end.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifNAT@full\NAT@fullfalse
+\newif\ifNAT@swa
+%<209>\newcommand\citet
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citet
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swafalse\def\NAT@ctype{0}\NAT@partrue
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citetp}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citetp}}
+\newcommand\NAT@citetp{\@ifnextchar[{\NAT@@citetp}{\NAT@@citetp[]}}
+\newcommand\NAT@@citetp{}
+\def\NAT@@citetp[#1]{\@ifnextchar[{\@citex[#1]}{\@citex[][#1]}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citep}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Add macro as shorthand for \cs{cite[]}}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Make this standard parenthetical citation,
+% with notes}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 26}{Define with \cs{ifNAT@par} on}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 27}{Redefine for new coding of \cs{@citex}}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Place inside a group}
+% Parenthetical citations are made with the |\citep| command, which has a
+% starred form for full authors, and may have one or two optional arguments for
+% notes.
+%
+% This command was originally added by special request to be a simplification
+% for |\cite[]|\marg{key}, and I added it grudgingly. After I reprogrammed
+% \thestyle\ to handle author--year and numerical citations with the same
+% \texttt{.bst} file, I needed to add the |\citet| command, and this one
+% became an obvious companion for parenthetical citations. I have now altered
+% its coding to be the standard, being fully equivalent in functionality
+% to the older syntax |\cite|\oarg{pre}\oarg{post}\marg{key}.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\newcommand\citep
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citep
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swatrue\def\NAT@ctype{0}\NAT@partrue
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citetp}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citetp}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\cite}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add a second optional argument.}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Add starred version to print full author list.}
+% \changes{5.4}{1994 Nov 24}{Replace \cmd{\if@tempswa} with \cmd{\ifNAT@swa}.}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Declare obsolete, retained for compatibility}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 27}{Redefine for new coding of \cs{@citex}}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Place inside a group}
+% The |\cite| command was originally used to produce both textual and
+% parenthetical citations; with an option argument, even an empty one,
+% the citation was parenthical. I now recommend the use of |\citet| and
+% |\citep| instead, retaining |\cite| only for compatibility.
+%
+% In numerical mode, it must be parenthetical (|ifNAT@swa| \meta{true}) both
+% with and without notes, so that it emulates the standard \LaTeX\ usage. In
+% author--year mode, this flag depends on presence or absence of notes.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\renewcommand\cite
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\cite
+ {\begingroup\def\NAT@ctype{0}\NAT@partrue\NAT@swatrue
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@cites}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@cites}}
+\newcommand\NAT@cites{\@ifnextchar [{\NAT@@citetp}{%
+%<!subpack> \ifNAT@numbers\else
+ \NAT@swafalse
+%<!subpack> \fi
+ \NAT@@citetp[]}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citealt}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 16}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Jan 30}{Uses \cs{citet} instead of \cs{cite}}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 26}{Define as \cs{citet} but with \cs{NAT@par} off}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Place inside a group}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 21}{Include in subpack}
+% \begin{macro}{\citealp}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 23}{Add macro, like \cs{citep} without parentheses}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Place inside a group}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 21}{Include in subpack}
+% An alternative form of citation is one in which the parentheses are not
+% printed. This was originally requested by Alexander Holt, who wanted it to be
+% the same as |\citet| but without any braces; since then James Bednar has asked
+% that it behave exactly as the other |\cite|\emph{xxx}, including notes, to
+% allow easy switching between the two possibilities. It is now defined with the
+% help of the flags |\ifNAT@swa| and |\ifNAT@par| to be the same as |\citet|;
+% to accommodate the more sensible |\citep| without parentheses, I now provide
+% |\citealp|.
+%
+% I can see using |\citealp| where one wants to construct a complex
+% parenthetical reference by hand, explicitly adding the braces. Thus
+% it makes sense to have this feature work in numerical mode too.
+% As of version~6.8, this is possible. The two macros |\NAT@cite| and
+% |\NAT@citenum| are identical, but kept anyway just in case a difference
+% should be added later.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\newcommand\citealt
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citealt
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swafalse\def\NAT@ctype{0}\NAT@parfalse
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citetp}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citetp}}
+%<209>\newcommand\citealp
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citealp
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swatrue\def\NAT@ctype{0}\NAT@parfalse
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citetp}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citetp}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeauthor}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add means to cite authors only.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Enclose \cs{@citenm} in braces.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add auxiliary file entry.}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty author}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 27}{Define with \cs{@citex} and \cs{NAT@ctype}}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Place inside a group}
+% In order to refer to the authors without year or number, provide
+% |\citeauthor| and |\citeauthor*|; for historical reasons, keep
+% |\citefullauthor|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\newcommand\citeauthor
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citeauthor
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swafalse\def\NAT@ctype{1}\NAT@parfalse
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citetp}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citetp}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\Citet}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 10}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\Citep}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 10}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\Citealt}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 10}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\Citealp}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 10}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\Citeauthor}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 10}{Add macro}
+% When a textual citation occurs at the beginning of a sentence and the first
+% name is something like ``de la Maire'', it needs to be capitalized. This is
+% done with the |\NAT@up| command that is redefined to be |\NAT@Up|.
+%
+% Provide other variations too for completeness. If I do not, someone will
+% eventually ask for it, so do it now.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\newcommand\Citet
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\Citet
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swafalse\def\NAT@ctype{0}\NAT@partrue
+ \let\NAT@up\NAT@Up
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citetp}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citetp}}
+%<209>\newcommand\Citep
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\Citep
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swatrue\def\NAT@ctype{0}\NAT@partrue
+ \let\NAT@up\NAT@Up
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citetp}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citetp}}
+%<*!subpack>
+%<209>\newcommand\Citealt
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\Citealt
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swafalse\def\NAT@ctype{0}\NAT@parfalse
+ \let\NAT@up\NAT@Up
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citetp}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citetp}}
+%<209>\newcommand\Citealp
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\Citealp
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swatrue\def\NAT@ctype{0}\NAT@parfalse
+ \let\NAT@up\NAT@Up
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citetp}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citetp}}
+%</!subpack>
+%<209>\newcommand\Citeauthor
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\Citeauthor
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swafalse\def\NAT@ctype{1}\NAT@parfalse
+ \let\NAT@up\NAT@Up
+ \@ifstar{\NAT@fulltrue\NAT@citetp}{\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@citetp}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeyear}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add means to cite year only.}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add auxiliary file entry.}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty year}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 12}{Extra letter also printed with year number}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 27}{Define with \cs{@citex} and \cs{NAT@ctype}}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Place inside a group}
+% Similarly for the year only.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\newcommand\citeyear
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citeyear
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swafalse\def\NAT@ctype{2}\NAT@parfalse\NAT@citetp}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeyearpar}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 17}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Place inside a group}
+% I have often been asked for a version of |\citeyear| in parentheses.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\newcommand\citeyearpar
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citeyearpar
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swatrue\def\NAT@ctype{2}\NAT@partrue\NAT@citetp}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citetext}
+% \changes{6.8}{1998 Feb 19}{Add macro}
+% To place any arbitrary text inside the citation braces, use |\citetext|.
+% This can be used to advantage with |\citealp|. It also makes |\citeyearpar|
+% unnecessary.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\citetext[1]{\NAT@open#1\NAT@close}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citefullauthor}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro for those bib styles with full author
+% list available}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Check for empty author}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 May 27}{Define with \cs{citeauthor*}}
+% Some of the author--year bibliography styles supported here (\texttt{harvard}
+% and \texttt{newapa}) allow a citation with the full author list, because
+% they have the necessary information in the |\bibitem| entry. With
+% version~5.3, I change the native form of this entry to allow
+% full authors too.
+%
+% This is now defined in terms of the starred version of |\citeauthor|. It is
+% really only kept for compatibility reasons.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\newcommand\citefullauthor
+%<!209>\DeclareRobustCommand\citefullauthor
+ {\citeauthor*}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\defcitealias}
+% \changes{6.9}{1999 Jan 22}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\citetalias}
+% \changes{6.9}{1999 Jan 22}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\citepalias}
+% \changes{6.9}{1999 Jan 22}{Add macro}
+% An alias is an alternative designation for a reference, something like [ABG]
+% in place of [Alpher, Bethe, Gamow, 1980]. The alias is defined with
+% |\defcitealias| and used with |\citetalias| and |\citepalias|.
+% This is controlled with
+% |\NAT@ctype| set to 3. This feature only exists for \LaTeXe.
+%
+% The advantage over simply typing in the alias name is that hyperlinks and
+% indexing can be achieved.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\newcommand\defcitealias[2]{%
+ \@ifundefined{al@#1\@extra@b@citeb}{}
+ {\PackageWarning{natbib}{Overwriting existing alias for citation #1}}
+ \@namedef{al@#1\@extra@b@citeb}{#2}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\citetalias{\begingroup
+ \NAT@swafalse\def\NAT@ctype{3}\NAT@parfalse\NAT@citetp}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\citepalias{\begingroup
+ \NAT@swatrue\def\NAT@ctype{3}\NAT@partrue\NAT@citetp}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\nocite}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Apr 6}{Revise standard macro}
+% In \LaTeXe, the |\nocite| command issues a warning if the citations are not
+% defined. This is a check to see that they really are entered into the list
+% of references. However, the |\@extra@b@citeb| addition for the
+% \texttt{chapterbib} package is not allowed for, and hence the standard
+% command will never recognize the citations as being defined. Modify the
+% macro accordingly. Check for |*| citation, in which case, give no warning.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\renewcommand\nocite[1]{\@bsphack
+ \@for\@citeb:=#1\do{%
+ \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi
+ \if*\@citeb\else
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
+%<209> \@warning
+%<!209> \NAT@citeundefined \PackageWarning{natbib}%
+ {Citation `\@citeb' undefined}}{}\fi}%
+ \@esphack}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Parsing the Author--Year Entries}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@parse}
+% \changes{5.0}{1994 May 18}{Add parsing command, with additional
+% font and sub-accent commands relaxed}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{For \LaTeXe{} of \texttt{1994/06/01},
+% can protect font and sub-accents much better}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 24}{2.09 version to run in compatibility mode}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add full author list}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 19}{Support starred version of \cs{cite} for full
+% author list}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 26}{Use \cs{@unexpandable@protect} in place of
+% \cs{noexpand}}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Call \cs{@parse@date} to split date into year and
+% extra label}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Rename from \cs{@cite@parse}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Remove \cs{relax} from expanded \cs{@tempa}
+% definition; no longer needed under new system}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Prevent expansion of forced space (tilde)}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Nov 10}{Deactive \texttt{babel}'s \cs{active@prefix}}
+% The |\bibcite| commands in the auxiliary file associate the numerical and
+% author--year information with the |\bibitem| key, which is the argument to
+% |\NAT@parse|. As of version~6.0, the information is stored in
+% |\b@|\emph{key} for each citation, as four separate items.
+% \begin{quote}\begin{tabular}{lll}
+% 1. & |\NAT@num| & sequence number or non-author--year label \\
+% 2. & |\NAT@date| & year, with possible extra label \\
+% 3. & |\NAT@name| & short author list \\
+% 4. & |\NAT@all@names| & long author list (optional)
+% \end{tabular}\end{quote}
+% In order to define each of the above commands as the appropriate item, it
+% is first necessary to expand |\b@|\emph{key} into a temporary command
+% |\NAT@temp|, which is then used as the argument of |\NAT@split|, which
+% makes the individual assignments.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@parse[1]{{%
+%<*209>
+ \@ifundefined{documentclass}
+ {\let\prm=\relax\let\psf=\relax\let\ptt=\relax\let\pbf=\relax
+ \let\psl=\relax\let\psc=\relax\let\pit=\relax\let\pem=\relax
+ \let\prmfamily=\relax\let\psffamily=\relax\let\pttfamily=\relax
+ \let\pbfseries=\relax\let\pslshape=\relax\let\pscshape=\relax
+ \let\pitshape=\relax\let\pmdseries=\relax\let\pupshape=\relax
+ \let\pc=\relax \let\pd=\relax \let\pb=\relax}
+ {\let\protect=\@unexpandable@protect\let~\relax}%
+%</209>
+%<!209> \let\protect=\@unexpandable@protect\let~\relax
+%<!209> \let\active@prefix=\@gobble
+ \xdef\NAT@temp{\csname b@#1\@extra@b@citeb\endcsname}}%
+ \expandafter\NAT@split\NAT@temp
+ \expandafter\NAT@parse@date\NAT@date??????@@%
+%<!subpack&!209> \ifciteindex\NAT@index\fi
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Some further notes on the above: for 2.09 it is necessary to turn off all the
+% protected font commands |\prm| etc.\ when the label text is expanded into
+% |\NAT@temp|, for otherwise there will be problems with the New Font
+% Selection Scheme (NFSS); the protected sub-accent commands (protected
+% versions of |\c|, |\d|, and |\b|) also cause troubles on expansion.
+% Admittedly, this is not a good solution, for the list of problem commands
+% might be much longer, but for the meantime, this will have to do.
+%
+% For \LaTeXe, at least after the official release of
+% \texttt{1994/06/01}, commands are made robust in a totally different
+% manner, no longer by adding a \texttt{p} in front, but by adding a space
+% afterwards. This means the commands in the auxiliary files look like the
+% protected version once again, and not raw commands. They are infinitely
+% protected. The above problem is easily overcome by making |\protect|
+% equal to |\@unexpandable@protect|. A definitive list of commands to
+% protect is no longer necessary. (Initially I used |\noexpand|, but
+% that only worked for font commands, not accents. Reading the documentation
+% in \texttt{ltdefns.dtx} indicated that this is the better redefinition
+% of |\protect|.)
+%
+% This trick is also applied to the 2.09 version for when it is running
+% in the compatibility mode of \LaTeXe. This is needed for the
+% journal-specific coding, more than for the normal package.
+%
+% The |\active@prefix| command appearing in \texttt{babel} causes problems
+% at this point, so deactivate it.
+%
+% The automatic indexing of citations (|\NAT@index|) is described in
+% Section~\ref{sec:idx}.
+%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@split}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Changed to support full author list}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 14}{Fix coding slightly}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Renamed from \cs{@citez}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for new \cs{bibcite} structure}
+% The actual assignments of the author--year and numerical label texts to
+% the corresponding commands is carried out by |\NAT@split|. If the long
+% author list is missing (argument |#4|), it is set equal to the short
+% list.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@split[4]{%
+ \gdef\NAT@num{#1}\gdef\NAT@name{#3}\gdef\NAT@date{#2}%
+ \gdef\NAT@all@names{#4}%
+ \ifx\NAT@noname\NAT@all@names \gdef\NAT@all@names{#3}\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@parse@date}
+% \changes{5.4}{1995 Feb 6}{Add macro to split date into year and extra label}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 24}{Put extra label in braces to localize any font
+% changes}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Rename from \cs{@parse@date}}
+% With version 5.4, add the macro |\NAT@parse@date| that splits the date up
+% into year and extra label, putting them into |\NAT@year| and |\NAT@exlab|.
+% This is used to test if authors and years are equal for two adjacent
+% citations, in which case, only the extra label is printed. The
+% macro searches the first 4 characters of the date for a letter
+% (|\catcode|=11) which then becomes the extra label. If there are only
+% numerals in the first 4 positions (more precisely, non-letters), the 5th
+% character is taken as extra label. If there is none, this will be a
+% question mark.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@parse@date{}
+\def\NAT@parse@date#1#2#3#4#5#6@@{%
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#1=11\def\NAT@year{}\def\NAT@exlab{#1}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#2=11\def\NAT@year{#1}\def\NAT@exlab{#2}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#3=11\def\NAT@year{#1#2}\def\NAT@exlab{#3}\else
+ \ifnum\the\catcode`#4=11\def\NAT@year{#1#2#3}\def\NAT@exlab{#4}\else
+ \def\NAT@year{#1#2#3#4}\def\NAT@exlab{{#5}}\fi\fi\fi\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Automatic Index Entries for Citations}\label{sec:idx}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@idxtxt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@index}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.9}{1999 Jan 22}{Allow \cs{makeindex} to be issued before package
+% loaded}
+% To make an entry in the index for every citation, I have added
+% |\NAT@index| to the |\NAT@parse| command. This will do nothing unless
+% |\makeindex| has been issued in the preamble, in which case it writes the
+% citation information to the \texttt{.idx} file by means of the standard
+% \LaTeX\ internal |\@wrindex|. The actual format of the citation
+% information is contained in |\NAT@idxtxt| which a user may redefine if
+% needed.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\newcommand\NAT@index{}
+\let\NAT@makeindex=\makeindex
+\renewcommand\makeindex{\NAT@makeindex
+ \renewcommand\NAT@index{\@bsphack\begingroup
+ \def~{\string~}\@wrindex{\NAT@idxtxt}}}
+\newcommand\NAT@idxtxt{\NAT@name\ \NAT@open\NAT@date\NAT@close}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% If |\makeindex| has already been issued before \thestyle\ is loaded, it
+% does not contain these extra features. Thus issue it once more, but only with
+% the extra features.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\@ifundefined{@indexfile}{}{\let\NAT@makeindex\relax\makeindex}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifciteindex}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Add flag}
+% The switch for activating automatic citation indexing is defined here.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\ifciteindex \citeindexfalse
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeindextype}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 29}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@index@alt}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 29}{Add macro}
+% The above coding will not work with the package \texttt{index.sty} by
+% David~M. Jones. For that package, an alternative definition of |\NAT@index|
+% is needed which is activated at the beginning of the document if
+% \texttt{index} has been loaded. It thus does not matter in which order
+% \thestyle\ or \texttt{index} are loaded.
+%
+% With the \texttt{index} package, it is possible to have several index
+% files, defined by a |\newindex| command that associates a name with two
+% file extensions. By default, the name \texttt{default} is associated with
+% \texttt{.idx} and \texttt{.ind}. To make the automatic index entries go to
+% a different set, redefine |\citeindextype|.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\citeindextype{default}
+\newcommand\NAT@index@alt{{\let\protect=\noexpand\let~\relax
+ \xdef\NAT@temp{\NAT@idxtxt}}\expandafter\NAT@exp\NAT@temp\@nil}
+\newcommand\NAT@exp{}
+\def\NAT@exp#1\@nil{\index[\citeindextype]{#1}}
+
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\@ifpackageloaded{index}{\let\NAT@index=\NAT@index@alt}{}}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Writing the Entries to the Auxiliary File}
+%
+% \noindent(New to version 6.0.)
+%
+% The author--year information is transferred from the \btx{} database to
+% the document via |\bibitem| commands in the |thebibliography|
+% environment. Standard \LaTeX\ simply assigns a running number to these
+% entries, and writes that number with the citation key to the auxiliary
+% file. For author--year citations, the author list and year must be written
+% somehow to the auxiliary file. The form for this is to be
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibcite|\marg{key}|{|\marg{num}\marg{year}\marg{short}\marg{long}|}|
+% \end{quote}
+% This is the same form as in standard \LaTeX, except that the second
+% argument becomes a set of 4 items. Here \emph{num} is the sequential
+% number that is to be used if a numerical style is selected, \emph{short}
+% is the abbreviate author list (Jones et al.), \emph{long} the full author
+% list.
+%
+% The author--year information is contained in the optional argument to
+% |\bibitem|, but just how it is formatted depends on the system used. The
+% native \thestyle\ syntax is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[|\emph{short}|(|\emph{year}|)|\emph{long}|]|\marg{key}
+% \end{quote}
+% while the \texttt{chicago} system is
+% \begin{quote}
+% |\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear|\marg{long}\marg{short}\marg{year}|]|%
+% \marg{key}
+% \end{quote}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@ifcmd}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@ifxcmd}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% It is necessary to process the optional argument by first testing if it
+% contains a command, and if so, to execute that command. Otherwise, insert
+% our own command to process the following text.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@ifcmd{\futurelet\NAT@temp\NAT@ifxcmd}
+\newcommand\NAT@ifxcmd{\ifx\NAT@temp\relax\else\expandafter\NAT@bare\fi}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% This actually only tests if the next token expands to |\relax|, which is
+% what |\protect| will be at this point. If so, just procede: the command
+% itself follows. Otherwise, insert |\NAT@bare|. (Note, we must also define
+% the possible commands like |\citeauthoryear| to do what we want.)
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@bare}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 4}{The \cs{stepcounter} made always present}
+% The command that is inserted if none is present must parse the native
+% syntax for the author--year information. The template is somewhat complex
+% because it must be able to test if there are no parentheses at all, in
+% which case it activates the alternative, |\NAT@apalk| for the
+% \texttt{apalike} syntax. When |\NAT@ifcmd| is invoked, it adds
+% |(@)(@)\@nil| in order to provide the full template of |\NAT@bare|; if the
+% argument itself contains no text in parentheses (not \thestyle{}
+% syntax) then |#2| will be |@|; otherwise, |#4| catches the extra
+% parentheses.
+%
+% Using |(@)| instead of the earlier |()| (pre~7.0) allows empty years to be
+% given. Empty years are now permitted for citations with a code designation
+% in place of the authors. Troubles will now occur if the year begins with
+% |@|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\def\NAT@bare#1(#2)#3(@)#4\@nil#5{%
+%<*all|apalike|authordate>
+ \if @#2
+ \expandafter\NAT@apalk#1, , \@nil{#5}\else
+%</all|apalike|authordate>
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}%
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{#3}{#5}
+%<all|apalike|authordate>\fi
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The |NAT@ctr| above contains the designation of whatever counter is
+% selected in the list environment for the \texttt{thebibliography}; it is
+% the sequential counter for the entries.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@wrout}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@noname}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 6}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 21}{Prevent expansion of forced space (tilde)}
+% Write the information to the auxiliary file as two arguments to |\bibcite|.
+%
+% Note: the 5 arguments are: counter, year, short list, long list, key.
+% The two author lists are written enclosed in braces to make sure any
+% font commands are kept local. Otherwise, one level of braces disappears for
+% authors like |{\em Jones}|.
+%
+% To test later for the absence of names, define |\NAT@noname| here.
+% Define it with |\def|, otherwise it will be `long' and will not test
+% correctly with |\NAT@all@names| which is defined with |\gdef|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@wrout[5]{%
+\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand\let~\relax
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#5}{{#1}{#2}{{#3}}{{#4}}}}}\fi
+\ignorespaces}
+\def\NAT@noname{{}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibitem}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode from standard}
+% \begin{macro}{\@lbibitem}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode from standard}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Add dummy macros for \texttt{hyperref.sty}}
+% The above commands are initiated with |\NAT@ifcmd| which decides whether
+% |\NAT@bare| or one of the other commands is to be executed on the
+% following arguments. It is actually |\@lbibitem| that calls |\NAT@ifcmd|,
+% which in turn is invoked by the user command |\bibitem|.
+%
+% If |\bibitem| has no optional argument, then we have a numerical citation
+% style, which is to be forced by setting |\NAT@stdbst|. Put the sequential
+% counter value in as the argument to |\@lbibitem| which is then treated as
+% a non-author--year label.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\renewcommand\bibitem{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@lbibitem}{%
+%<!subpack> \global\NAT@stdbsttrue
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\@lbibitem[\arabic{NAT@ctr}]}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Write the label with |\item| in the bibliography listing with the current
+% value of |\NAT@num|, if it exists. This will either be the sequential
+% number or whatever non-author--year text that was given as a special
+% `numerical'. Since |\@biblabel| outputs only in numerical mode, this
+% label vanishes for author--year mode.
+%
+% Finally invoke |\NAT@ifcmd| with the funny template to activate
+% |\NAT@bare| or some alternative.
+%
+% \changes{6.8b}{1998 July 6}{To work with \texttt{chapterbib} and
+% \texttt{backref}}
+% The \texttt{hyperref} package can call the \texttt{backref} package which
+% do not work with the \texttt{chapterbib} package. I have arranged with
+% Sebastian Rahtz to add the compatibility via \thestyle. Thus I add a fix to
+% include the |\@extra@b@citeb| suffix to the |\br@#2| commands called by
+% \texttt{backref}.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{%
+ \if\relax\@extra@b@citeb\relax\else
+ \@ifundefined{br@#2\@extra@b@citeb}{}{%
+ \@namedef{br@#2}{\@nameuse{br@#2\@extra@b@citeb}}}\fi
+ \@ifundefined{b@#2\@extra@b@citeb}{\def\NAT@num{}}{\NAT@parse{#2}}%
+ \item[\hfil\hyper@natanchorstart{#2\@extra@b@citeb}\@biblabel{\NAT@num}%
+ \hyper@natanchorend]%
+ \NAT@ifcmd#1(@)(@)\@nil{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Note: in standard \LaTeX, the sequential list counter is printed directly
+% with |\item|, and then written to the auxiliary file so that |\cite| can
+% refer to it on the next run. Here, |\item| prints exactly the same thing
+% as |\cite| on the current run, if we are in numerical mode, otherwise
+% nothing.
+%
+% \changes{6.3}{1996 Jun 10}{Include \texttt{showkeys} coding if already
+% loaded}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 27}{Remove from 2.09 coding}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Sep 12}{Test for existence of \cs{SK@lbibitem}}
+% If the \texttt{showkeys} package has already been loaded, the revised
+% version of |\@lbibitem| will not have been saved. In this case, rerun some
+% of the coding from that package. (If \texttt{showkeys} is loaded after
+% \thestyle, there is no problem.)
+%
+% Do not test if \texttt{showkeys} is loaded, but rather if |\SK@lbibitem|
+% is defined. See comment on \texttt{showkeys} with option \texttt{final}
+% on page~\pageref{SKdef}.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\ifx\SK@lbibitem\@undefined\else
+ \let\SK@lbibitem\@lbibitem
+ \def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{%
+ \SK@lbibitem[#1]{#2}\SK@\SK@@label{#2}\ignorespaces}\fi
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifNAT@stdbst}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Add flag}
+% If any non-author--year |\bibitem|s have been issued, then force
+% numerical mode, since the author--year |\bibitem|s can handle this, but
+% the numerical ones cannot work in author--year mode. Do this by inserting
+% |\NAT@numberstrue| in the auxiliary file.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack>
+\newif\ifNAT@stdbst \NAT@stdbstfalse
+
+%<209>\let\NAT@enddoc=\enddocument
+%<209>\def\enddocument
+%<!209>\AtEndDocument
+ {\ifNAT@stdbst\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string
+ \global\string\NAT@numberstrue}\fi\fi
+%<209>\NAT@enddoc
+ }
+%</!subpack>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibcite}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 5}{Add own coding for this macro}
+% \changes{6.1a}{1995 Dec 19}{Add own test for changed citations}
+% Not wanting to rely on the coding for |\bibcite| in the kernel, I define
+% it myself. It is not enough just to `provide' it, for it must do the
+% right thing: write a label named |\b@|\emph{key}. The \LaTeX3 boys
+% might decide to keep the command, but have it store the citations with
+% a different prefix.
+%
+% (I outsmarted myself here again. The test for changed citations and
+% references involves reading in the auxiliary file with revised
+% definitions for |\label| and |\bibcite|. The December~1995 release does
+% this via a generalized labelling command |\@newl@bel|. As a result, I
+% must add this test myself. Not so bad, because the warning comes from
+% \thestyle\ and explicitly refers to citations instead of just
+% `references'.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\bibcite{}
+\renewcommand\bibcite[2]{\@ifundefined{b@#1\@extra@binfo}\relax
+ {\NAT@citemultiple
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{Citation `#1' multiply defined}}%
+ \global\@namedef{b@#1\@extra@binfo}{#2}}
+\AtEndDocument{\NAT@swatrue\let\bibcite\NAT@testdef}
+\newcommand\NAT@testdef[2]{%
+ \def\NAT@temp{#2}\expandafter \ifx \csname b@#1\@extra@binfo\endcsname
+ \NAT@temp \else \ifNAT@swa \NAT@swafalse
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{Citation(s) may have
+ changed.\MessageBreak
+ Rerun to get citations correct}\fi\fi}
+%</!209>
+%<209>\renewcommand\bibcite[2]{\global\@namedef{b@#1\@extra@binfo}{#2}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Other Author--Year Schemes}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@apalk}
+% \changes{4.1}{1993 Oct 4}{Simplify by using comma-space as separator}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Full author list equals short list}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Renamed from \cs{@citeapalk}}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recoded for version~6.0}
+% If the argument of |\bibitem| contains no command, and if it does not
+% conform to the \thestyle{} syntax, then try the \texttt{apalike}
+% syntax (\emph{short}\texttt{, }\emph{year}). This has a funny template
+% too in order to test for different syntax, which is indicated when |#2|
+% is empty. In this case, give up trying to fit it to author--year formats,
+% and go over to `numerical' with a special label. Set the flag
+% |\NAT@stdbst| to mark this. This forces a numerical citation style.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*all|apalike|authordate>
+\newcommand\NAT@apalk{}
+\def\NAT@apalk#1, #2, #3\@nil#4{\if\relax#2\relax
+%<!subpack> \global\NAT@stdbsttrue
+ \NAT@wrout{#1}{}{}{}{#4}\else
+ \stepcounter{NAT@ctr}%
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#4}\fi}
+%</all|apalike|authordate>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Note: the |NAT@ctr| is stepped here and everywhere else it is used,
+% except when a special `numerical' label is being used. This conforms to
+% standard \LaTeX\ which only increments the counter for pure numerical
+% labels, without an optional argument to |\bibitem|.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% The other schemes of citation labelling may also be accommodated, more
+% easily than \texttt{apalike}. It is just necessary to define the particular
+% commands, like |\citeauthoryear| to write the arguments to the
+% auxiliary file in the required. These commands are detected by
+% |\NAT@ifcmd| and simply left to be executed.
+%
+% The only complication is that |\citeauthoryear| may be given with two or
+% three arguments. This is accommodated by testing the |#3| and changing
+% the form of the write command accordingly.
+%
+% The form of the template is the same as for |\NAT@bare|, since this
+% command is inserted in its place and must therefore conform to its
+% syntax.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citeauthoryear}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Allow full authors in citation}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% For \texttt{newapa.bst} itself, the commands |\citestarts|, |\citeends|,
+% as well as |\betweenauthors| must be defined; for others in this group,
+% these commands are not needed.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*newapa|chicago|all>
+\newcommand\citeauthoryear{}
+\def\citeauthoryear#1#2#3(@)(@)\@nil#4{\stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\if\relax#3\relax
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#4}\else
+ \NAT@wrout{\arabic {NAT@ctr}}{#3}{#2}{#1}{#4}\fi}
+\newcommand\citestarts{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\citeends{\NAT@close}
+\newcommand\betweenauthors{and}
+%</newapa|chicago|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\astroncite}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% The |\astroncite| command must similarly conform to |\NAT@bare| syntax
+% and put its arguments into the auxiliary file in the correct order.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*astron|all>
+\newcommand\astroncite{}
+\def\astroncite#1#2(@)(@)\@nil#3{\stepcounter{NAT@ctr}\NAT@wrout{\arabic
+{NAT@ctr}}{#2}{#1}{}{#3}}
+%</astron|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\citename}
+% \changes{6.0}{1995 Sep 4}{Recode for version 6.0}
+% The |\citename| command just converts its arguments to the |\NAT@apalk|
+% syntax, since its first argument should end in \verb*!, ! as for
+% \texttt{apalike}. By making use of |\NAT@apalk| here, it is also possible
+% to check for non-conformity of the syntax.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*authordate|all>
+\newcommand\citename{}
+\def\citename#1#2(@)(@)\@nil#3{\expandafter\NAT@apalk#1#2, \@nil{#3}}
+%</authordate|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\harvarditem}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Allow full authors in citation}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Defined in \LaTeXe\ terms}
+% The Harvard family is allowed for simply by defining |\harvarditem| in
+% terms of |\bibitem| with the \thestyle{} form.
+%
+% The |\harvarditem| must allow for the optional argument, which is
+% the short author list. Use the short list in |\bibitem| if it is there,
+% otherwise the long list must be taken.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*harvard|all>
+%<!209>\newcommand\harvarditem[4][]%
+%<209>\def\harvarditem{\@ifnextchar[{\@harvarditem}{\@harvarditem[]}}
+%<209>\def\@harvarditem[#1]#2#3#4%
+ {\if\relax#1\relax\bibitem[#2(#3)]{#4}\else
+ \bibitem[#1(#3)#2]{#4}\fi }
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The command |\citeasnoun| must be defined since \texttt{harvard.bst}
+% can add it for cross-referencing.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardleft}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardright}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardyearleft}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardyearright}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardand}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\harvardurl}
+% \changes{5.3}{1994 Sep 13}{Add macro}
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Jul 15}{Fix macro, use only one \texttt{\#}}
+% The \texttt{harvard} package has been updated for \LaTeXe, and includes
+% some new punctuation commands in the accompanying \texttt{bst} files.
+% (Maybe they were always there and I overlooked them.) In order for
+% \thestyle{} to work with these, it needs to define them. The |left| and
+% |right| commands have equivalents already; |\harvardurl| is defined
+% as in \texttt{harvard.sty}. It is necessary to define |\harvardand|
+% conditionally, and only later, in case it has already been set to
+% something else by a |\bibstyle@xxx| (e.g., \texttt{agsm} sets it
+% to |\&|.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\harvardleft{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\harvardright{\NAT@close}
+\newcommand\harvardyearleft{\NAT@open}
+\newcommand\harvardyearright{\NAT@close}
+%<!209>\AtBeginDocument{\providecommand{\harvardand}{and}}
+%<209>\def\harvardand{and}
+\newcommand\harvardurl[1]{\textbf{URL:} \textit{#1}}
+%</harvard|all>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{The Bibliography Listing}
+% Changes must be made to the \texttt{thebibliography} environment for
+% author--year citations. This is done be defining the environment with the
+% features common to both schemes, and then by invoking |\@bibsetup|, which
+% is either the author--year or numerical version.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\bibsection}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Make specific for JGR, GRL, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 May 18}{Use \cs{renewcommand}}
+% \changes{6.2}{1996 Apr 15}{Modified for \texttt{amsart} and \texttt{amsbook}}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Modified for \texttt{sectionbib} option}
+% \changes{6.5}{1997 Feb 5}{Allow for \cs{bib@headings} in KOMA scripts}
+% \changes{7.0}{1999 May 21}{Use \cs{chapter*} for \texttt{amsbook}}
+% First, |\bibsection| is defined according to the main style: if chapters
+% exist, then the bibliography is a numberless chapter, otherwise a
+% numberless section. For the specific journals, |\bibsection| takes on
+% special definitions.
+%
+% Since the AMS classes \texttt{amsart} and \texttt{amsbook} redefine
+% |\section*| in a way that is incompatible with the way it is used in
+% the \texttt{bibliographystyle} environment, it is necessary to remove the
+% |\@mkboth| from the section title. Since these classes do not use this
+% command at this point, there is no loss of functionality.
+%
+% The packages of the KOMA scripts make use of |\bib@heading| which functions
+% much like |\bibsection|. If it is defined, let |\bibsection| be equal to it.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!agu&!egs>
+%<!209>\providecommand\bibsection{}
+%<209>\def\bibsection{}
+\@ifundefined{chapter}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}}}}
+ {\@ifundefined{NAT@sectionbib}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\chapter*{\bibname
+ \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}}}}
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\bibname
+ \ifx\@mkboth\@gobbletwo\else\markright{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}\fi}}}}
+%<*!subpack>
+%<*!209>
+\@ifclassloaded{amsart}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\refname}}}{}
+\@ifclassloaded{amsbook}%
+ {\renewcommand\bibsection{\chapter*{\bibname}}}{}
+%</!209>
+\@ifundefined{bib@heading}{}{\let\bibsection\bib@heading}
+%</!subpack>
+%</!agu&!egs>
+%<egs>\def\bibsection{\if@draft\newpage\fi
+%<egs> \noappendix\section*{\refname}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{environment}{thebibliography}
+% \changes{4.1b}{1993 Oct 18}{Add \cmd{\bibfont}, defaulted
+% to \cmd{\relax}}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Oct 22}{Add coding for JGR, GRL, NLINPROC}
+% \changes{4.2}{1993 Nov 20}{Remove coding for AGU, since AGU-supplied
+% coding is adequate but different}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Put \cmd{\bibfont} at start so \cmd{\list}
+% uses list parameters appropriate for the font size}
+% \changes{5.1}{1994 Jun 22}{Add \cmd{\if@openbib} as in \LaTeXe}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 27}{Add special cross-ref citations for compatibility
+% with \texttt{harvard}, \texttt{chicago}, and \texttt{named}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Replace \cs{if@openbib} with \cs{ifNAT@openbib}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Replace counter \texttt{enumiv} with
+% \texttt{NAT@ctr} and refer to it explicitly, not with \cs{@listctr}}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Use \cs{PackageWarning} for empty
+% bibliography}
+% \changes{6.9a}{1999 Apr 20}{Add \cs{bibpreamble}}
+%
+% The \texttt{thebibliography} environment is defined much as normal, except
+% that |\bibsetup| contains the special features for numerical or
+% author--year styles. The command |\bibfont| permits permits different
+% font sizes or styles to be used in the list. For example, for
+% \textsl{Nonlinear Processes} it is |\small|. This means |\bibfont| must
+% be issued before the |\list| command, since the list parameters depend
+% on the current font size. For \textsl{AGU}, the whole
+% |\thebibliography| is left off, since the AGU-supplied coding will
+% do. It is only necessary to add |\noappendix| to the AGU coding.
+%
+% I have replaced |\if@openbib| with |\ifNAT@openbib| in order to be
+% independent of the standard classes; this flag disappeared with the
+% December~1995 release of \LaTeX, so I do it myself just to be sure.
+%
+% At the same time,
+% I have also decided to use my own counter |NAT@ctr| for the numericals;
+% previously I used |enumiv| as in the standard, and refered to it
+% elsewhere with |\@listctr|, but now I refer to it explicitly. This is to
+% avoid trouble if |\@listctr| should ever disappear. (The value of
+% |\@listctr| is set by |\usecounter|.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcounter{NAT@ctr}
+%<*!agu>
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{%
+ \bibsection\parindent \z@\bibpreamble\bibfont\list
+ {\@biblabel{\arabic{NAT@ctr}}}{\@bibsetup{#1}%
+ \setcounter{NAT@ctr}{0}}%
+%<*!209&!subpack>
+ \ifNAT@openbib
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}
+ \else
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
+ \fi
+%</!209&!subpack>
+%<209|subpack> \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus.33em minus.07em}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
+ \sfcode`\.=1000\relax
+% \end{macrocode}
+% The files \texttt{chicago.bst} and \texttt{named.bst} can add the
+% commands |\citeN| and |\shortcite| respectively to the \texttt{.bbl}
+% files, for cross-referencing. Similarly, \texttt{harvard.bst} can add
+% |\citeasnoun|. These commands must therefore be accommodated,
+% as least within the |thebibliography| environment.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<newapa|chicago|all> \let\citeN\cite \let\shortcite\cite
+%<harvard|all> \let\citeasnoun\cite
+ }{\def\@noitemerr{%
+%<209> \@warning
+%<!209> \PackageWarning{natbib}
+ {Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist\vskip-\lastskip}
+%<!egs>\let\bibfont\relax
+%<egs>\let\bibfont\small
+\let\bibpreamble\relax
+%</!agu>
+%<*agu>
+\let\aguthebib=\thebibliography
+\def\thebibliography#1{\noappendix\aguthebib{#1}}
+%</agu>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{environment}
+%
+% \subsection{Compatibility Commands}
+% \begin{macro}{\reset@font}
+% \begin{macro}{\refname}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 18}{Provide name with \LaTeXe\ too}
+% \begin{macro}{\bibname}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Jun 18}{Provide name with \LaTeXe\ too}
+% For older implementations of \LaTeX~2.09 (before December, 1991) the
+% |\reset@font| command does not exist. It is defined to be |\relax| under
+% normal \LaTeX{}, but does more under NFSS. In case it is not defined, add
+% it here. The naming commands |\bibname| and |\refname| are similarly
+% unknown for this old \LaTeX. They are sometimes even unknown in non-standard
+% classes that are used in place of \texttt{article}, \texttt{report}, and
+% \texttt{book}.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\reset@font{\relax}
+\providecommand\bibname{Bibliography}
+\providecommand\refname{References}
+%</!209>
+%<*209>
+\@ifundefined{reset@font}{\let\reset@font=\relax}{}
+%<!agu&!egs>\@ifundefined{bibname}{\newcommand\bibname{Bibliography}}{}
+\@ifundefined{refname}{\newcommand\refname{References}}{}
+%</209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citeundefined}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Nov 22}{Add macro}
+% The December~1995 release of \LaTeX\ considered renaming the command
+% |\G@refundefinedtrue| for flagging undefined references. However, since a
+% number of packages, including \thestyle, were affected, it was decided to
+% retain the old name for the new coding. I had already decided to go for
+% an independent coding, which does exactly the same thing.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\newcommand\NAT@citeundefined{\gdef \NAT@undefined {%
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{There were undefined citations}}}
+\let \NAT@undefined \relax
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@citemultiple}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 6}{Add macro}
+% Add the warning about multiply-defined citations, as part of the
+% do-it-yourself |\bibcite| definition.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\newcommand\NAT@citemultiple{\gdef \NAT@multiple {%
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}{There were multiply defined citations}}}
+\let \NAT@multiple \relax
+\AtEndDocument{\NAT@undefined\NAT@multiple}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@mkboth}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Provide macro in case it is removed from
+% kernel}
+% Having been burned by the December~1995 update on several internal
+% commands, I have decided to make \thestyle\ as independent as
+% possible, or at least to avoid it crashing when internals are changed or
+% disappear in future. The |\@mkboth| is used in the bibliography listing,
+% and is the same as |\makeboth| with \texttt{headings} pagestyle. Provide
+% a dummy in case it disappears. If the kernel should use a different
+% command in future, the headings will not function, but at least there
+% will be no crash. (Also needed for very old versions of \LaTeX~2.09.)
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\@ifundefined{@mkboth}{\newcommand\@markboth[2]{}}{}
+%<!209>\providecommand\@mkboth[2]{}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\MakeUppercase}
+% \changes{6.1}{1995 Dec 4}{Provide compatibility for older versions}
+% The |\MakeUppercase| command replaces |\uppercase| in \LaTeXe\ of
+% June~1995. Provide it for earlier versions.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\let\MakeUppercase\uppercase
+%<!209>\providecommand\MakeUppercase{\uppercase}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\@extra@b@citeb}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add macro for \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
+% \begin{macro}{\@extra@binfo}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Sep 1}{Add macro for \texttt{chapterbib.sty}}
+% Two commands used by the \texttt{chapterbib} package, but which must
+% be defined to be nothing for use without that package. Do not |\let| them
+% be |\relax|, for that package checks if they exist (i.e., not |\relax|)
+% and redefines things like |\@citex|, which we do not want to have happen.
+% The necessary redefinitions are already included in \thestyle.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<209>\@ifundefined{@extra@b@citeb}{\def\@extra@b@citeb{}}{}
+%<!209>\providecommand{\@extra@b@citeb}{}
+\gdef\@extra@binfo{}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natanchorstart}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natanchorend}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natlinkstart}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natlinkend}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% \begin{macro}{\hyper@natlinkbreak}
+% \changes{6.8b}{1998 July 2}{Provide macro for \texttt{hyperref} package}
+% The \texttt{hyperref} package of Sebastian Rahtz and Yannis Haralambous
+% defines these macros to
+% make hypertext links and references. Without that package, these macros
+% must be turned off. The order of loading \thestyle\ and \texttt{hyperref}
+% should not be important even though it is recommended that
+% \texttt{hyperref} be loaded last.
+%
+% The \texttt{hyperref} package does not work with \texttt{chapterbib}, but I
+% have arranged with Sebastian Rahtz to add the necessary suffixes via
+% \thestyle. This involves adding |\@extra@b@citeb| to all calls to
+% |\hyper@natlinkstart| and |\hyper@natanchorstart|. To get \texttt{backref} to
+% work, I needed to add a hack to my |\@lbibitem|.
+%
+% The |\hyper@natlinkbreak| to designed to break links between the names and
+% date, avoiding some possible problems when links go over a page.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\providecommand\hyper@natanchorstart[1]{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natanchorend{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natlinkstart[1]{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natlinkend{}
+\providecommand\hyper@natlinkbreak[2]{#1}
+%</!209>
+%<*209>
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natanchorstart}{\def\hyper@natanchorstart#1{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natanchorend}{\def\hyper@natanchorend{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natlinkstart}{\def\hyper@natlinkstart#1{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natlinkend}{\def\hyper@natlinkend{}}{}
+\@ifundefined{hyper@natlinkbreak}{\def\hyper@natlinkbreak#1#2{#1}}{}
+%</209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}\end{macro}
+%
+% \changes{6.7}{1997 Nov 10}{Accommodate \texttt{babel}'s redefinitions}
+% \changes{6.9}{1999 Feb 26}{Include \texttt{babel} accommodation with
+% \texttt{subpack}}
+% \changes{6.9a}{1999 Apr 20}{Fixes for \texttt{babel} 3.6t}
+% The \texttt{babel} bundle redefines several internal commands in order to
+% handle special active characters required by some languages. One of these
+% redefined commands is |\@citex|. This fails for \thestyle\ for two
+% reasons: the syntax is different and the \thestyle\ definition of |\@citex|
+% has not yet been finalized. I correct this doing \texttt{babel}'s
+% redefinition at the |\begin{document}| with the right syntax.
+%
+% The main purpose of these redefinitions is to allow special active characters
+% to appear in the citation keys. To this end, |\@citex|, |\bibcite|,
+% |\nocite|, |\@bibitem|, and |\@lbibitem| need changing such that the active
+% characters are turned off when the keys are processed. In the case of
+% |\bibcite|, which is only ever called in a context where the active
+% characters are turned off, the second argument, the actual label, has the
+% active characters temporarily turned on. This causes \thestyle\ to crash;
+% hence \texttt{babel} now checks (v3.6t) for \thestyle\ and keeps the original
+% definition. This means any active characters in the \thestyle\ labels will
+% not be processed correctly, but these special characters should never be here
+% anyway, since they violate portability.
+%
+% It is also necessary to redefine |\NAT@testdef| which also uses the keys as
+% arguments. (It is a replacement for |\bibcite| for when the \texttt{.aux}
+% file is read in at the end.) Furthermore, |\@lbibitem| needs redefining, but
+% \texttt{babel} does not (yet) do this, only |\@bibitem|.
+%
+% Strictly speaking, \thestyle\ should be loaded before \texttt{babel} so that
+% the latter saves and modifies the \thestyle\ definitions, and not the
+% standard \LaTeX\ ones. However, in reality this is not necessary since
+% |\bibcite| is not redefined with \thestyle\ and |\@citex| is redefined by
+% \thestyle\ itself after the preamble. However, |\nocite| and |\@lbibitem| can
+% cause problems with the ordering. Solve this by redefining them immediately
+% if \texttt{babel} is present (i.e., \texttt{babel} before \thestyle); in this
+% case, \texttt{babel} has previously redefined them wrongly, \thestyle\ then
+% creates its own base definitions, and the \texttt{babel} redefinition is now
+% carried out again, with the proper ``originals''. A complication comes with
+% |\@lbibitem| in that at present \texttt{babel} does not redefine it, so it
+% must be (conditionally) added to the |\AtBeginDocument| hook in case
+% \thestyle\ is loaded first. If \texttt{babel} is changed in future, this
+% addition will not be needed and will not be executed. Thus the order of the
+% two packages is unimportant.
+%
+% Note: all this redefining is only important if there are keys containing
+% active characters. One point to note is that optional notes containing active
+% characters will not work right for \texttt{babel}, neither with or
+% without \thestyle. They will work with the \texttt{german} package, but then
+% the keys with active characters will not. Oh boy!
+%
+% With the journal coding (\texttt{subpack}), things are slightly different.
+% For them it is |\@citex| that is defined directly, not |\NAT@citex|, so
+% I have to restore that definition which \texttt{babel} has already
+% altered and stored in |\org@@citex|.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+%<*!subpack>
+\@ifundefined{bbl@redefine}{}{%
+ \bbl@redefine\nocite#1{%
+ \@safe@activestrue\org@nocite{#1}\@safe@activesfalse}%
+\bbl@redefine\@lbibitem[#1]#2{%
+ \@safe@activestrue\org@@lbibitem[#1]{#2}\@safe@activesfalse}%
+}
+%</!subpack>
+\AtBeginDocument{\@ifundefined{bbl@redefine}{}{%
+%<subpack>\let\@citex\org@@citex
+\bbl@redefine\@citex[#1][#2]#3{%
+ \@safe@activestrue\org@@citex[#1][#2]{#3}\@safe@activesfalse}%
+\bbl@redefine\NAT@testdef#1#2{%
+ \@safe@activestrue\org@NAT@testdef{#1}{#2}\@safe@activesfalse}%
+\@ifundefined{org@@lbibitem}{%
+\bbl@redefine\@lbibitem[#1]#2{%
+ \@safe@activestrue\org@@lbibitem[#1]{#2}\@safe@activesfalse}}{}%
+}}
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \subsection{Sorting and Compression of Numbers}
+% The \texttt{cite} and (obsolete) \texttt{citesort} packages by Donald
+% Arseneau provide the coding for printing multiple citation numbers in
+% ascending order, and with a range where applicable. That is, if the
+% normal result of |\cite{..}| with several keys were [5, 3, 8, 4], the new
+% result would be [3--5, 8].
+%
+% Since \texttt{cite.sty} totally reimplements the citation commands (as
+% does \thestyle) it is not possible to make the two compatible. Instead, I
+% have removed the necessary coding from \texttt{cite.sty}, converted it to
+% \thestyle\ format, and added it here.
+%
+% Originally I borrowed the coding from the \texttt{cite.sty} package, but for
+% version~6.6, I have adapted the coding so that it orders the citation keys
+% according to the sequence in the reference list. This now works for both
+% numerical and author--year modes. The sorting is activated by the options
+% \texttt{sort} and \texttt{sort\&compress}.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@sort@cites}
+% \changes{6.4}{1996 Oct 11}{Add coding from \texttt{cite.sty}}
+% \changes{6.6}{1997 Jun 3}{Redo to sort cite keys; works with author--year
+% mode}
+% This feature is not provided for with \LaTeX~2.09. It does exist in the
+% journal subpackages, being selected by setting |\NAT@sort| accordingly: 0
+% for no sorting; 1 for sorting; 2 for sorting and compression (numerical mode
+% only).
+%
+% The macro |\NAT@sort@cites| places the reordered list of citation keys (the
+% argument to |\cite|\textit{xxx}) in |\NAT@cite@list|. If sorting is turned
+% off, this list is the same as the input.
+%
+% A sorted list of the citation numbers (|\NAT@num@list|) is made up following
+% Arseneau's procedure; from that the citation keys are placed in
+% |\NAT@cite@list| in the same order. If there are any non-numerical values of
+% |\NAT@num|, these are added to |\NAT@nonsort@list|, which is appended at the
+% end to the main list. Finally, the trailing comma is removed with
+% |\NAT@xcom|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!209>
+\ifnum\NAT@sort>0
+\newcommand\NAT@sort@cites[1]{%
+\@tempcntb\m@ne
+\let\@celt\delimiter
+\def\NAT@num@list{}%
+\def\NAT@cite@list{}%
+\def\NAT@nonsort@list{}%
+\@for \@citeb:=#1\do{\NAT@make@cite@list}%
+\edef\NAT@cite@list{\NAT@cite@list\NAT@nonsort@list}%
+\edef\NAT@cite@list{\expandafter\NAT@xcom\NAT@cite@list @@}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \begin{macro}{\NAT@make@cite@list}
+% This is essentially Arseneau's coding, with some renaming and the addition
+% of |\NAT@cite@list| for the citation keys. The trick with the catcode is
+% his, and it determines if |\NAT@num| is really a number. This is a
+% non-number if the optional argument to |\bibitem| does not conform to any
+% of the allowed \thestyle\ syntaxes, such as if \texttt{alph.bst} is used.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\begingroup \catcode`\_=8
+\gdef\NAT@make@cite@list{%
+ \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
+ \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{\def\NAT@num{A}}%
+ {\NAT@parse{\@citeb}}%
+ \ifcat _\ifnum\z@<0\NAT@num _\else A\fi
+ \@tempcnta\NAT@num \relax
+% \end{macrocode}
+% If highest number so far, add at the end.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \ifnum \@tempcnta>\@tempcntb
+ \edef\NAT@num@list{\NAT@num@list \@celt{\NAT@num}}%
+ \edef\NAT@cite@list{\NAT@cite@list\@citeb,}%
+ \@tempcntb\@tempcnta
+ \else
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Else, process the numerical list to insert number and citation key.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \let\NAT@@cite@list=\NAT@cite@list \def\NAT@cite@list{}%
+ \edef\NAT@num@list{\expandafter\NAT@num@celt \NAT@num@list \@gobble @}%
+ {\let\@celt=\NAT@celt\NAT@num@list}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+% \end{macrocode}
+% If not a number, add it to |\NAT@nonsort@list|.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+ \edef\NAT@nonsort@list{\NAT@nonsort@list\@citeb,}%
+ \fi}
+\endgroup
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+% This is the macro to insert a new key into the key list. All the keys so
+% far are first stored in |\NAT@@cite@list| and transferred over to
+% |\NAT@cite@list|, with the new key inserted where appropriate. The macros
+% |\NAT@nextc| and |\NAT@restc| return the next entry in the list, or the
+% rest of the list without the first entry, respectively.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\def\NAT@celt#1{\ifnum #1<\@tempcnta
+ \xdef\NAT@cite@list{\NAT@cite@list\expandafter\NAT@nextc\NAT@@cite@list @@}%
+ \xdef\NAT@@cite@list{\expandafter\NAT@restc\NAT@@cite@list}%
+ \else
+ \xdef\NAT@cite@list{\NAT@cite@list\@citeb,\NAT@@cite@list}\let\@celt\@gobble%
+ \fi}
+\def\NAT@num@celt#1#2{\ifx \@celt #1%
+ \ifnum #2<\@tempcnta
+ \@celt{#2}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\NAT@num@celt
+ \else
+ \@celt{\number\@tempcnta}\@celt{#2}%
+ \fi\fi}
+\def\NAT@nextc#1,#2@@{#1,}
+\def\NAT@restc#1,#2{#2}
+\def\NAT@xcom#1,@@{#1}
+\else
+ \newcommand\NAT@sort@cites[1]{\edef\NAT@cite@list{#1}}\fi
+%</!209>
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{Local Configuration}
+% \changes{5.2}{1994 Aug 25}{Add reading in of \texttt{natbib.cfg}}
+% \changes{5.5}{1995 Mar 21}{Local configuration read in at end}
+% To accommodate local additional |\bibstyle@| definitions,
+% or any other modifications to the coding, read in
+% configuration file \texttt{natbib.cfg} if it exists.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%<*!subpack&!209>
+\InputIfFileExists{natbib.cfg}
+ {\typeout{Local config file natbib.cfg used}}{}
+%</!subpack&!209>
+%</package>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \Finale
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/natbib.ins b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/natbib.ins
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..80620f0261
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/natbib.ins
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+% File: natbib.ins
+% Copyright 1999 Patrick W. Daly
+%
+% This file can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+% of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+% archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+% version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+%
+% It is an installation file for extracting package and driver
+% files from the original source file. Simply process it under
+% TeX or LaTeX. It works with Docstrip versions before and after
+% December 1995.
+
+\def\batchfile{natbib.ins}
+\input docstrip
+
+\preamble
+=============================================
+IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+
+This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+
+This is a generated file.
+It may not be distributed without the original source file \inFileName.
+
+Full documentation can be obtained by LaTeXing that original file.
+Only a few abbreviated comments remain here to describe the usage.
+=============================================
+\endpreamble
+\postamble
+
+<<<<< End of generated file <<<<<<
+\endpostamble
+\keepsilent
+
+% Docstrip before Dec 95 does not have \generate syntax, nor
+% \declarepreamble. Must redefine them. The \generateFile called
+% for each output file individually.
+% Docstrip before Dec 96 cannot interprete multiline \if..\fi
+% Thus for maximum compatibility, have only one-line conditionals
+
+\let\oldDS F\relax
+\expandafter\ifx\csname generate\endcsname\relax \let\oldDS T\relax\fi
+\if\oldDS T \def\declarepreamble#1{\preamble}\fi
+\if\oldDS T \def\declarepostamble#1{\postamble}\fi
+\if\oldDS T \generateFile{natbib.sty}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all}} \fi
+
+\declarepreamble\refsheet
+=============================================
+IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+
+This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+
+This is a generated file.
+It may not be distributed without the original source file \inFileName.
+
+This is a Reference Sheet for natbib. It consists of excerpts from the
+original source file.
+
+For more details, LaTeX the source \inFileName.
+==============================================
+\endpreamble
+
+\declarepostamble\refsheetq
+
+End of Reference Sheet file
+
+\endpostamble
+
+\ifx\oldDS T \generateFile{natnotes}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{notes}}\fi
+
+\declarepreamble\driver
+============================================
+This is the driver file to produce the LaTeX documentation
+from the original source file \inFileName.
+
+Make changes to it as needed. (Never change the file \inFileName!)
+============================================
+\endpreamble
+
+\declarepostamble\driverq
+
+End of documentation driver file.
+\endpostamble
+
+\ifx\oldDS T \generateFile{natbib.drv}{f}{\from{natbib.dtx}{driver}}\fi
+
+\ifx\oldDS T \let\askforoverwritefalse\relax\def\generate#1{}\fi
+
+\askforoverwritefalse
+\generate{\file{natbib.sty}{\from{natbib.dtx}{package,all}}
+ \file{natnotes}{\usepreamble\refsheet\usepostamble\refsheetq
+ \from{natbib.dtx}{notes}}
+ \file{natbib.drv}{\usepreamble\driver\usepostamble\driverq
+ \from{natbib.dtx}{driver}}
+ }
+
+\obeyspaces
+\Msg{*********************************************}%
+\Msg{* For documentation, process natbib.dtx *}%
+\Msg{* or the driver file natbib.drv *}%
+\Msg{* For reference sheet, process natnotes.tex *}
+\Msg{*********************************************}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/readme.txt b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86523b990f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+% readme.txt
+% LaTeX class for Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics (TCFD)
+% read-me file
+% (c) Springer-Verlag HD
+%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%
+
+This directory contains the LaTeX2e support for TCFD
+
+For a quick entry to the TCFD-formatting and if you are
+already familiar with the SVJour class you need only the four files:
+svjour.cls, svtcfd.clo, natbib.sty and template.tex.
+
+The following files are part of the macro package
+
+ readme.txt This file
+ svjour.cls The document class file for Springer journals
+ usrguide.* User's Guide (dvi, pdf)
+ svtcfd.clo The class option file for TCFD
+ natbib.dtx The natbib package of Patrick W. Daly.
+ Typeset this file for complete documentation of natbib
+ natbib.ins Run LaTeX on natbib.ins to generate natbib.sty
+ tcfdguide.* User's Guide (tex, dvi, pdf)
+ template.tex A fill-in-form for a standard article with usage comments
+
+ subdirectory: example (contains all data of a sample article)
+
+ example.sty Authors shortcuts for the sample article
+ example.* Example of an article (tex, dvi, pdf)
+ The file example.pdf contains a ready to print version
+ that can be produced at the publisher only, when page
+ numbers are fixed
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/svjour.cls b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/svjour.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d1402952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/svjour.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1236 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 1.8 for LaTeX2e
+%
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{svjour}[1999/09/14
+^^JLaTeX document class for Springer journals - version 1.8]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagefalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+ {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+ \setlength\paperwidth {210mm}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{\input{fleqn.clo}\AtEndOfClass{\mathindent\z@}}
+\let\if@mathematic\iftrue
+\let\if@numbook\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{numbook}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\thefigure{\thesection.\@arabic\c@figure}%
+ \renewcommand\thetable{\thesection.\@arabic\c@table}%
+ \renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\@arabic\c@equation}%
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+ \AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ }%
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+%
+\let\if@runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if@runhead\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{nosmartrunhead}{\let\if@smartrunh\iffalse}
+\let\if@envcntreset\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if@envcntreset\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if@envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if@envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if@envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if@referee\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{referee}{\let\if@referee\iftrue}
+\def\makereferee{\def\baselinestretch{2}}
+\let\if@instindent\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{instindent}{\let\if@instindent\iftrue}
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{smartand}{\let\if@smartand\iftrue}
+\let\if@spthms\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{nospthms}{\let\if@spthms\iffalse}
+\let\switch@texts\relax
+\DeclareOption{deutsch}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@deutsch}}
+\DeclareOption{francais}{\def\switch@texts{\ds@francais}}
+%
+\let\journalopt\@empty
+\DeclareOption*{\InputIfFileExists{sv\CurrentOption.clo}{%
+\let\journalopt\CurrentOption}{%
+\ClassWarning{Springer-SVJour}{Specified option or subpackage
+"\CurrentOption" not found -}\OptionNotUsed}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,twoside,10pt,instindent}
+\ProcessOptions
+\ifx\journalopt\@empty
+\ClassError{Springer-SVJour}{No valid journal specified in option list}{}
+\expandafter\stop
+\fi
+%
+\if@smartrunh\AtEndDocument{\islastpageeven\getlastpagenumber}\fi
+%
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}
+\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{15\p@}
+\setlength\smallskipamount{3\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\setlength\medskipamount{6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\bigskipamount{12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\headheight{12\p@}
+\setlength\headsep {16.74dd}
+\setlength\topskip {10\p@}
+\setlength\footskip{30\p@}
+\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
+%
+\@settopoint\textwidth
+\setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
+\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}
+\setlength\topmargin{-10pt}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {-30\p@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{-30\p@}
+\else
+ \setlength\oddsidemargin {\z@}
+ \setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}
+\fi
+\setlength\marginparwidth {48\p@}
+\setlength\footnotesep{8\p@}
+\setlength{\skip\footins}{9\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\floatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\intextsep {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dblfloatsep {12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
+\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@fpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpsep{12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
+\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@ \@plus 1fil}
+\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep \z@
+ \topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep\parsep}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep \z@
+ \parsep \topsep
+ \itemsep \parsep}
+\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
+ \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+%
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty 51
+\@medpenalty 151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.85}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.85}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.85}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\small\rightmark\hfil\llap{\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+% make indentations changeable
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\medskipamount
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+% labels of description
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep #1\hfil}
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+%
+\newdimen\logodepth
+\logodepth=2.2cm
+\newdimen\headerboxheight
+\headerboxheight=180pt % 18 10.5dd-lines - 2\baselineskip
+\newdimen\betweenumberspace % dimension for space between
+\betweenumberspace=3.33pt % number and text of titles.
+\newdimen\aftertext % dimension for space after
+\aftertext=5pt % text of title.
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+\def\andname{and}
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\runinend{\enspace}
+ \def\floatcounterend{\enspace}
+ \def\sectcounterend{}
+\else
+ \def\runinend{.}
+ \def\floatcounterend{.\ }
+ \def\sectcounterend{.}
+\fi
+\def\keywordname{{\bfseries Key words\runinend}}
+\def\lastandname{, and}
+\def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+\def\email#1{{e-mail: \tt#1}}
+\def\keywords#1{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\enspace
+\ignorespaces#1}
+%
+\newcounter{inst}
+\newcounter{auth}
+\def\authdepth{2}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+
+\def\combirunning#1{\gdef\@combi{#1}}
+\def\@combi{}
+\newbox\combirun
+%
+\def\ps@last{\def\@evenhead{\small\rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+\lastevenhead}}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\def\islastpageeven{\@ifundefined{lastpagenumber}
+{\setcounter{lastpage}{0}}{\setcounter{lastpage}{\lastpagenumber}}
+\ifnum\value{lastpage}>0
+ \ifodd\value{lastpage}%
+ \else
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \thispagestyle{last}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi}
+\def\getlastpagenumber{\clearpage
+\addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\gdef\string\lastpagenumber{\thepage}}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\newlabel{LastPage}{{}{\thepage}}}%
+ \addtocounter{page}{1}}
+
+\def\journalname#1{\gdef\@journalname{#1}}
+
+\def\dedication#1{\gdef\@dedic{#1}}
+\def\@dedic{}
+
+\let\@date\undefined
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \parskip=0pt
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{inst}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}
+ \ifnum\value{inst}>9\relax\setbox0=\hbox{$^{88}$\enspace}%
+ \else\setbox0=\hbox{$^{8}$\enspace}\fi
+ \instindent=\wd0\relax
+ \ifnum\value{inst}=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{inst}{1}%
+ \if@instindent\hangindent\instindent\fi
+ \noindent
+ \hbox to\instindent{\hss\smash{$^{\theinst}$}\enspace}\ignorespaces
+ \fi
+ \small
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\offprints#1{\begingroup
+\def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}\xdef\@thanks{\@thanks
+\protect\footnotetext[0]{\unskip\hskip-15pt{\itshape Send offprint requests
+to\/}: \ignorespaces#1}}\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\mail#1{\gdef\@mail{#1}}
+\def\@mail{}
+
+\def\@thanks{}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or{\star\star\star}%
+ \or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi\relax}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\def\@subtitle{}
+
+\def\headnote#1{\gdef\@headnote{#1}}
+\def\@headnote{}
+
+\def\ch@ckobl#1#2{\@ifundefined{@#1}
+ {\typeout{SVJour warning: Missing
+\expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \csname #1\endcsname{#2}}
+ {}}
+%
+\def\ProcessRunnHead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title
+ \unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>\authdepth
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Author name(s) too long for running head.
+ ^^JPlease supply a shorter form with \string\authorrunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{The date of receipt and acceptance will be inserted by
+the editor}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{author}{Name(s) and initial(s) of author(s) should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{institute}{Address(es) of author(s) should be given}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \if@smartrunh
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\@combi!%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@author\unskip: \@title\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{Automatically generated running head}%
+ \else
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily\unboldmath\ignorespaces
+ \@combi\unskip}%
+ \def\@tempa{With \string\combirunning\space supplied running head}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\wd\combirun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: \@tempa}%
+ \typeout{for a possible last even numbered page is too long.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\combirunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle.}%
+ \global\setbox\combirun=\hbox{\small\rmfamily
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length --
+ supply \ttfamily\char92combirunning}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\lastevenhead{\copy\combirun}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+
+\def\makeheadbox{{%
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\baselineskip=10dd\hrule\hbox
+to\hsize{\vrule\kern3pt\vbox{\kern3pt
+\hbox{\bfseries\@journalname\ manuscript No.}
+\hbox{(will be inserted by the editor)}
+\kern3pt}\hfil\kern3pt\vrule}\hrule}%
+\hss}}}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+ \setbox\authrun=\vbox\bgroup
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 4cm
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\normalfont\em\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ \@title \par}\vskip 11.24pt\relax
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 3cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}\vskip 11.24pt
+ \fi
+ \normalfont\authorfont
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{auth} }%
+ \hfuzz=2\textwidth\def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \value{inst}=\value{auth}%
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \rightskip=0pt plus 2cm
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@author\vskip7.23pt
+ \rightskip=0pt\relax
+ \normalfont\small\rmfamily
+ \institutename
+ \vskip 12.85pt \noindent\@date
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ \par
+ \small\itshape
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic
+ \fi
+ \egroup % end of header box
+ \@tempdima=\headerboxheight
+ \advance\@tempdima by-\ht\authrun
+ \ifdim\@tempdima>0pt
+ \vrule width0pt height\@tempdima
+ \fi
+ \unvbox\authrun
+ \global\@minipagetrue
+ \global\everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\global\everypar{}}
+ \vskip22.47pt
+}
+%
+\if@mathematic
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle\mathbf{#1}$}}}}
+\else
+ \def\vec#1{\ensuremath{\mathchoice
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+ {\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}}
+\fi
+%
+\def\tens#1{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+%
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thesection {\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+%
+\def\@hangfrom#1{\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1}%
+ \hangindent \z@\noindent\box\@tempboxa}
+
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend
+\hskip\betweenumberspace}
+
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \raggedright
+ \hyphenpenalty \@M%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname\sectcounterend}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8\hskip\aftertext}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+
+%
+% measures and setting of sections
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{10.5dd plus 4pt
+ minus4pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-13dd plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-13pt plus-4pt minus-4pt}{-5.5pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\setlength\leftmargini {\parindent}
+\leftmargin \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii {\parindent}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.7em}
+\setlength\leftmarginv {.5em}
+\setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
+\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+
+\if@spthms
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{}
+\newdimen\spthmsep \spthmsep=3pt
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\labelsep=\spthmsep\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if@envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if@envcntreset
+ \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \let\spn@wtheorem=\@spynthm
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\bfseries}{\rmfamily}
+\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+%
+\newenvironment{theopargself}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}}{}
+\newenvironment{theopargself*}
+ {\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##4##3\@thmcounterend}##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{\hspace*{-\labelsep}##3##2\@thmcounterend}}}{}
+\fi
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
+\def\qed{\ifmmode\else\unskip\quad\fi\squareforqed}
+\def\smartqed{\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil
+\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed
+\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}}
+
+% Define `abstract' environment
+\def\abstract{\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\bfseries\abstractname}]\if!\abstractname!\hskip-\labelsep\fi}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{5mm}\strich}
+ \def\strich{\hrule\vskip3ptplus12pt\null}
+\else
+ \def\endabstract{\endtrivlist\addvspace{3mm}}
+\fi
+%
+\newenvironment{verse}
+ {\let\\\@centercr
+ \list{}{\itemsep \z@
+ \itemindent -1.5em%
+ \listparindent\itemindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+ {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+ \itemindent \listparindent
+ \rightmargin \leftmargin
+ \parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+ {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+ \item\relax}
+ {\endlist}
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \renewcommand\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+ {\@float{figure}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+ {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+ {\@float{table}}
+ {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+ {\@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end@dblfloat}
+
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset@font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\newcommand\leftlegendglue{}
+
+\def\fig@type{figure}
+
+\newdimen\figcapgap\figcapgap=3pt
+\newdimen\tabcapgap\tabcapgap=5.5pt
+
+\@ifundefined{floatlegendstyle}{\def\floatlegendstyle{\bfseries}}{}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\capstrut{\vrule\@width\z@\@height\topskip}
+
+\@ifundefined{captionstyle}{\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\small}}{}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \captionstyle
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type
+ \vskip\figcapgap
+ \fi
+ \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}%
+ \capstrut #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\floatlegendstyle #1\floatcounterend}\capstrut #2\par
+ \else
+ \hbox to\hsize{\leftlegendglue\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@captype\fig@type\else
+ \vskip\tabcapgap
+ \fi}
+
+\newdimen\figgap\figgap=1cc
+\long\def\@makesidecaption#1#2{%
+ \parbox[b]{\@tempdima}{\captionstyle{\floatlegendstyle
+ #1\floatcounterend}#2}}
+\def\sidecaption#1\caption{%
+\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{#1\unskip}%
+\if@twocolumn
+ \ifdim\hsize<\textwidth\else
+ \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\columnwidth
+ \typeout{Double column float fits into single column -
+ ^^Jyou'd better switch the environment. }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\@tempdima=\hsize
+\advance\@tempdima by-\figgap
+\advance\@tempdima by-\wd\@tempboxa
+\ifdim\@tempdima<3cm
+ \typeout{\string\sidecaption: No sufficient room for the legend;
+ using normal \string\caption. }%
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \let\@capcommand=\@caption
+\else
+ \let\@capcommand=\@sidecaption
+ \leavevmode
+ \unhbox\@tempboxa
+ \hfill
+\fi
+\refstepcounter\@captype
+\@dblarg{\@capcommand\@captype}}
+
+\long\def\@sidecaption#1[#2]#3{\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makesidecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% Define `acknowledgement' environment
+\def\acknowledgement{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\if!\ackname!\item[]\else
+\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\it\ackname}]\fi}
+\def\endacknowledgement{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+% Define `noteadd' environment
+\def\noteadd{\par\addvspace{17pt}\small\rmfamily
+\trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep
+{\itshape\noteaddname}]}
+\def\endnoteadd{\endtrivlist\addvspace{6pt}}
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+ \section*{\contentsname}%
+ \@starttoc{toc}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\begingroup\protect\small}%
+ \AtEndDocument{\addtocontents{toc}{\endgroup}}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+ \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+ \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+ \begingroup
+ \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ {\leavevmode
+ \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+ \nobreak
+ \if@compatibility
+ \global\@nobreaktrue
+ \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0pt}{1.5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}%
+ {\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}
+\def\@biblabel#1{#1.}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand
+ \immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname
+ \@mkboth{\refname}{\refname}}\small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \@openbib@code
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+%
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\hskip0.1em\ignorespaces}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+%
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+ {\if@twocolumn
+ \@restonecolfalse
+ \else
+ \@restonecoltrue
+ \fi
+ \columnseprule \z@
+ \columnsep 35\p@
+ \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+ \@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\@idxitem}
+ {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+ \noindent
+ \hb@xt@\bibindent{\hss\@makefnmark\enspace}#1}
+%
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Fig.}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract\runinend}
+\newcommand\ackname{Acknowledgements\runinend}
+\newcommand\noteaddname{Note added in proof}
+% French section
+\def\ds@francais{%
+ \typeout{On parle francais.}%
+ \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Remerciements\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{et}%
+ \def\lastandname{ et}%
+ \def\appendixname{Appendice}
+ \def\chaptername{Chapitre}%
+ \def\claimname{Pr\'etention}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypoth\`ese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Corollaire}%
+ \def\definitionname{D\'efinition}%
+ \def\examplename{Exemple}%
+ \def\exercisename{Exercice}%
+ \def\figurename{Fig.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Mots-cl\'e\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+ \def\lemmaname{Lemme}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Liste des contributeurs}
+ \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}%
+ \def\listtablename{Liste des tables}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Note ajout\'ee \`a l'\'epreuve}%
+ \def\notename{Remarque}%
+ \def\partname{Partie}%
+ \def\problemname{Probl\`eme}%
+ \def\proofname{\'Epreuve}%
+ \def\propertyname{Caract\'eristique}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Question}%
+%\def\refname{References}%
+ \def\remarkname{Remarque}%
+ \def\seename{voyez}
+ \def\solutionname{Solution}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tableau}%
+ \def\theoremname{Th\'eor\`eme}%
+}
+%
+% German section
+\def\ds@deutsch{\typeout{Man spricht deutsch.}%
+ \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung\runinend}%
+ \def\ackname{Danksagung\runinend}%
+ \def\andname{und}%
+ \def\lastandname{ und}%
+ \def\appendixname{Anhang}%
+ \def\chaptername{Kapitel}%
+ \def\claimname{Behauptung}%
+ \def\conjecturename{Hypothese}%
+ \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\corollaryname{Korollar}%
+%\def\definitionname{Definition}%
+ \def\examplename{Beispiel}%
+ \def\exercisename{\"Ubung}%
+ \def\figurename{Abb.}%
+ \def\keywordname{{\bfseries Schl\"usselw\"orter\runinend}}
+ \def\indexname{Index}
+%\def\lemmaname{Lemma}%
+ \def\contriblistname{Mitarbeiter}
+ \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}%
+ \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}%
+ \def\mailname{{\itshape Correspondence to\/}:}
+ \def\noteaddname{Nachtrag}%
+ \def\notename{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\partname{Teil}%
+%\def\problemname{Problem}%
+ \def\proofname{Beweis}%
+ \def\propertyname{Eigenschaft}%
+%\def\propositionname{Proposition}%
+ \def\questionname{Frage}%
+ \def\refname{Literatur}%
+ \def\remarkname{Anmerkung}%
+ \def\seename{siehe}
+ \def\solutionname{L\"osung}%
+%\def\subclassname{{\it Subject Classifications\/}:}
+ \def\tablename{Tabelle}%
+%\def\theoremname{Theorem}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\switch@texts}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+ \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{1.5cc}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+%
+\frenchspacing
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\def\thisbottomragged{\def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil
+\global\let\@textbottom\relax}}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twocolumn
+ \twocolumn
+\fi
+\if@referee
+ \makereferee
+\fi
+\flushbottom
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `svjour.cls'.
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/svtcfd.clo b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/svtcfd.clo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..693d96256e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/svtcfd.clo
@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+% SVJour DOCUMENT CLASS OPTION TCFD -- Theoret. Comput. Fluid Dynamics
+%
+% This is an enhancement for the
+% LaTeX document class for Springer journals (two column version)
+%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\ProvidesFile{svtcfd.clo}
+ [2000/03/15 v1.0
+ style option for TCFD]
+\typeout{SVJour Class option: svtcfd.clo for Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics}
+\DeclareOption{amsmath}{%
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+ \IfFileExists{amsmath.sty}
+ {\usepackage{amsmath}
+ \setlength{\@mathmargin}{0\p@}}
+ {\errmessage{amsmath.sty dosn't exist!}}}}
+\ExecuteOptions{final,onecolumn,10pt}
+\let\if@mathematic\iffalse
+\newif\if@normhead \@normheadtrue
+% No size changing allowed, hence a copy of size10.clo is included
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+ \@setfontsize\normalsize{10.25}{12.0pt}%
+ \spaceskip=.33em plus.15em minus.175em
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.75\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus6.5\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus3\p@
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+ \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+ \@setfontsize\small{9.0}{3.9mm}%
+ \spaceskip=.33em plus.11em minus.15em
+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
+ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
+ \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@}%
+ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+}
+\newcommand\footnotesize{%
+ \@setfontsize\footnotesize{8.2}{3.5mm}%
+ \spaceskip=.32em plus.11em minus.15em}
+\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
+\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
+\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{13dd}}
+\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{15dd}}
+\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE{16.5}{6.5mm}}
+\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
+\newcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
+\renewcommand{\bfdefault}{b}
+%
+\setlength{\textwidth}{156mm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{227mm}
+\setlength{\columnsep}{6.5mm}
+\setlength{\arraycolsep}{2pt}
+\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}
+%
+\def\commun#1{\gdef\@commun{#1}\communtrue}
+\newif\ifcommun
+\newcount\zahl \zahl=0
+\newcount\maxauthor \maxauthor=8
+\communfalse
+\newcommand{\Author}[2]{%
+ \setbox\zahl=\vbox{\centering{\authorfont#1}\vspace{2pt}\par{\small#2}\vspace{18pt}}
+ \advance\zahl by 1}
+\def\tcfd@maketitle{\par
+\ch@ckobl{journalname}{Noname}
+\ch@ckobl{date}{the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted later}
+\ch@ckobl{commun}{Communicated by should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{title}{A title should be given}
+\ch@ckobl{abstract}{Abstract is missing.}
+\begingroup
+%
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\@thefnmark}$}%
+ \def\switch@fnmark{\def\thefootnote{\alph{footnote}}}%
+%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip, \andname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{auth}\relax
+ \if@smartand
+ \ifnum\value{auth}=\value{inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+% Hier erfolgt die Ausgabe der \tcfd@@maketitle-Routine!!
+ \@maketitle
+%
+ \thispagestyle{empty}
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@thanks
+ \if!\@mail!\else
+ \footnotetext[0]{\kern-\bibindent\mailname\
+ \ignorespaces\@mail}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if@runhead
+ \ProcessRunnHead
+ \fi
+%
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}
+ \global\let\thanks\relax
+ \global\let\maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@maketitle\relax
+ \global\let\@thanks\@empty
+ \global\let\@author\@empty
+ \global\let\@date\@empty
+ \global\let\@commun\@empty
+ \global\let\@title\@empty
+ \global\let\@subtitle\@empty
+ \global\let\title\relax
+ \global\let\author\relax
+ \global\let\date\relax
+ \global\let\commun\relax
+ \global\let\and\relax}
+%
+\newskip\stretchtitle \stretchtitle=10.75dd plus1fill
+%----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\def\tcfd@@maketitle{\newpage
+ \normalfont
+ \vbox to0pt{\vskip-40pt
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \makeheadbox\vss}\nointerlineskip
+% \switch@fnmark
+ \def\@makefnmark{$^{\mathrm\@thefnmark}${}}%
+% Title
+ \vspace{1.6mm}
+ {\centering\LARGE\bfseries
+ \hrule\@height\logodepth\@width\z@
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \if!\@headnote!\else
+ \noindent
+ {\LARGE\normalfont\itshape\ignorespaces\@headnote\par}\vskip 3.5mm
+ \fi
+ \noindent\ignorespaces
+ {\boldmath\@title} \par}
+% Subtitle
+ \if!\@subtitle!\else
+ \vskip11.24pt\relax
+ {\centering\large\bfseries
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \noindent\ignorespaces\@subtitle \par}
+ \fi
+ \vskip27.0pt\relax
+% Author und Institute
+ \zahl=0
+% Beginn der Ausgabeschleife. Falls notwendig kann mit \maxauthor die
+% Anzahl der mögichen Authoren erhöht werden.
+ \loop
+ \copy\zahl
+ \advance\zahl by 1
+ \ifnum\zahl<\maxauthor
+ \repeat
+% Communicated by
+ {\centering\small\rm \@commun \par}
+ \vskip13pt\relax
+% Date
+ {\centering\small\rm \@date \par}
+ \vskip13pt\relax
+% Dedication
+ \if!\@dedic!\else
+ {\centering\normalsize\it
+ \addvspace\baselineskip
+ \noindent\@dedic\par \vskip9.5pt\relax}
+ \fi
+% Abstract
+\vskip13pt\relax
+ {\topsep=0pt\partopsep=0pt\parsep=0pt\itemsep=0pt\relax
+ \trivlist\item[\hskip\labelsep{{\small\bf\abstractname}}]%
+ \leftskip=1.0cm\rightskip=\leftskip\small\rm
+ \@abstract
+ \endtrivlist}%
+% \vskip25pt
+\vspace*{10pt}
+}
+%----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\def\tcfdabstract#1{\gdef\@abstract{#1}}
+%
+\def\tcfdrunnhead{%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\textwidth
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\footnotesize\rm\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: Title too long for running head.}%
+ \typeout{Please supply a shorter form with \string\titlerunning
+ \space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\footnotesize\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+%
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \else
+ \setcounter{auth}{1}%
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\value{auth}>2
+ \def\stripauthor##1\and##2\endauthor{%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{##1\unskip\unskip\if!##2!\else\ et al.\fi}}%
+ \expandafter\stripauthor\@author\and\endauthor
+ \else
+ \gdef\and{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected@xdef\@author{\@author}}
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\footnotesize\ignorespaces\@author\unskip}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\footnotesize\ignorespaces\@title\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{^^JSVJour Warning: The running head built automatically from
+ \string\author\space and \string\title
+ ^^Jexceeds the pagewidth, please supply a shorter form
+ ^^Jwith \string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\footnotesize\rm Please give a shorter version
+ with: {\tt\string\authorrunning\space and
+ \string\titlerunning\space prior to \string\maketitle}}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+}
+\def\idline#1#2{\def\idline@{#1}\setcounter{page}{#2}}
+\let\idline@=\@empty
+%
+% Changes for Journal TCFD
+\AtEndOfClass{%
+\let\if@runhead\iftrue
+\let\if@smartand\iffalse
+\let\@maketitle=\tcfd@@maketitle
+\let\maketitle=\tcfd@maketitle
+\let\ProcessRunnHead=\tcfdrunnhead
+\let\abstract=\tcfdabstract
+\def\@evenhead{\footnotesize\rlap{\small\thepage}\hfil\leftmark}%
+\def\@oddhead{\footnotesize\rightmark\hfil\llap{\small\thepage}}%
+\def\sectcounterend{.}
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-26dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{12.5dd
+ }{\large\bfseries\boldmath\centerline}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{8.5dd
+ }{\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath\centerline}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{8.5dd
+ }{\normalsize\it\centerline}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{subsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-21dd plus-4dd minus-4dd}{-1pt}{\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\def\authorfont{\bfseries}
+%
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width25mm
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+%
+\def\makeheadbox{%
+\if!\idline@!\else
+\hbox to0pt{\vbox{\kern2mm\baselineskip=10dd
+\hbox to\hsize{\footnotesize\@journalname\ (\the\year)\ \idline@\hfill
+\hbox{\vbox to 0pt{\kern-1.9mm\hbox{\includegraphics{tcfdlogo.eps}}%
+\vss}}}}\hss}\fi}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@}
+\def\keywords#1{\vskip2\baselineskip\noindent\keywordname\ \ignorespaces#1
+\vskip1.5\baselineskip}
+%
+\setlength\parindent{14\p@}
+\betweenumberspace=5pt
+%
+\def\ps@headings{%
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\footnotesize\rlap{\small\thepage}\leftmark\unskip}%
+ \def\@oddhead{\footnotesize\rightmark\hfil\llap{\small\thepage}}%
+ \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+ \let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+ }
+%
+% Bibliography
+% Loading package 'NATBIB'
+\usepackage[round]{natbib}
+% Changing some parameters of NATBIB
+\setlength{\bibhang}{5.25mm}
+\let\bibfont=\footnotesize
+\def\@biblabel#1{}
+\newcommand{\etal}{\textit{et al}.}
+%
+% Skip the caption to left
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3\hfill}\par
+ \endgroup}
+%
+\def\figurename{Figure}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\def\captionstyle{\normalfont\footnotesize}}
+%
+% Some special characters
+\newcommand{\D}{{\rm d}}
+\newcommand{\E}{{\rm e}}
+\newcommand{\I}{{\rm i}}
+%
+\journalname{Theoret. Comput. Fluid Dynamics}}
+%%
+%% End of file `svtcfd.clo'.
+\endinput
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+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+
+\documentclass[final]{ltxguide}[1995/11/28]
+%\usepackage{draftcopy}
+
+\makeatletter
+\def\setitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmargini\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep}}
+\def\setitemitemindent#1{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}%
+ \leftmarginii\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth by -\labelsep
+ \parsep=\parskip
+ \topsep=\z@
+ \itemsep=\parskip \advance\itemsep by -\parsep}}
+%
+% adjusted environment "description"
+% if an optional parameter (at the first two levels of lists)
+% is present, its width is considered to be the widest mark
+% throughout the current list.
+\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describe}{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+ \itemindent-\leftmargin \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
+%
+\def\describelabel#1{#1\hfil}
+\def\@describe[#1]{\relax\ifnum\@listdepth=0
+\setitemindent{#1}\else\ifnum\@listdepth=1
+\setitemitemindent{#1}\fi\fi
+\list{--}{\let\makelabel\describelabel}}
+\DeleteShortVerb{\|}
+\renewenvironment{decl}[1][]%
+ {\par\small\addvspace{2.3ex}%
+ \vskip -\parskip
+ \ifx\relax#1\relax
+ \def\@decl@date{}%
+ \else
+ \def\@decl@date{\NEWfeature{#1}}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\hspace{-\leftmargini}%
+ \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\ignorespaces}%
+ {\\\hline\end{tabular}\nobreak\@decl@date\par\nobreak
+ \vspace{2.3ex plus 1ex}\vskip -\parskip}
+\MakeShortVerb{\|}
+%
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parskip 0\p@ \@plus 1\p@
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \topsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@
+ \itemsep0\p@\relax}
+\@listI
+\setlength{\parskip}{\medskipamount}
+\makeatother
+\newcommand{\SJour}{\textsc{SVJour}}
+
+\title{The \SJour\ document class users guide\\supplement for\\
+\textit{Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics}}
+
+\author{\copyright~2000, Springer Verlag Heidelberg\\
+ All rights reserved.}
+
+\date{05 May 2000}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+This document describes the \textit{tcfd} option for the
+\SJour\ \LaTeXe\ document class. For details on
+manuscript handling and the review process we refer to the
+\emph{Instructions for authors} in the printed journal. For style
+matters please consult previous issues of the journal.
+
+\section{Initializing the class}
+\label{sec:opt}
+
+As explained in the main \emph{Users guide} you can begin a document for
+\emph{Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics} by including
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \documentclass[tcfd]{svjour}
+\end{verbatim}
+as the first line in your input file. The package provides for one
+additional option \verb|[amsmath]| to call for the AMS-\LaTeX{} package
+that provides miscellaneous enhancements for improving the information
+structure and printed output of documents that contain mathematical
+formulas (the sample file -- however -- can be compiled using the
+former version (v1.2) of the amsmath package only). All other options
+are also described in the main \emph{User guide}.
+
+\section{Changes to the \SJour\ class standard}
+
+\subsection*{Abstract}
+
+As the abstract of your article is to appear in the header section,
+it must be coded before the \verb|\maketitle| command. Do not use the
+\verb|\begin{abstract}| \dots \verb|\end{abstract}| environment of
+standard \LaTeX. Instead proceed as you do for the other
+front matter declarations:
+\begin{decl}
+|\abstract| \arg{Text of your abstract}
+\end{decl}
+The standard key words are also part of the frontmatter please code
+them at the end but still inside the \verb|\abstract{...}| area.
+
+\subsection*{Author and Institute}
+
+Author and address information is provided with:
+\begin{decl}
+|\Author|\arg{first author}\arg{address of first author}
+\end{decl}
+\vspace{-5pt}
+\begin{decl}
+|\Author|\arg{second author}\arg{address of second author}
+\end{decl}
+
+For the running head of authors, it is necessary to enter the Author names with
+the following command:
+\begin{decl}
+|\authorrunning|\arg{first author and second author}
+\end{decl}
+or
+\begin{decl}
+|\authorrunning|\arg{first author, second author, and third author}
+\end{decl}
+In case of more than three authors:
+\begin{decl}
+|\authorrunning|\arg{first author {\rm et al.}}
+\end{decl}
+
+The running head of \verb|\title| is produced automatically by the
+\verb|\maketitle| command using the contents of \verb|\title|. If the result
+is too long for the page header the class will produce an error message and
+you will be asked to supply a shorter version. This is done using the syntax
+\begin{decl}
+|\titlerunning|\arg{shorter version}
+\end{decl}
+These commands must be entered before \verb|\maketitle|.
+
+\subsection*{Figures}
+
+To center the caption of figures, insert the following command before the
+caption command:
+\begin{decl}
+|\centercap|\\
+|\caption|\arg{text of caption}
+\end{decl}
+It will automatically center the caption.
+
+\section{Changed bibliographic environment\\
+for {\tt natbib} usage}
+
+\subsection*{Overview}
+
+The {\tt natbib}\footnote{Natbib coding copyright (C) 1993--1999 Patrick
+W. Daly. This file may be used for non-profit purposes. It may not be
+distributed in exchange for money, other than distribution costs.}
+package is a reimplementation of the \LaTeX\ \verb|\cite|\
+command, to work with author-year citations. It is compatible with the
+standard bibliographic style files, such as {\tt plain.bst}, as well as
+ith those of {\tt harvard, apalike, chicago, astron, authordate}, and of
+course {\tt natbib}.
+
+\subsection*{Loading}
+
+A loading with \verb|\usepackage[|{\it options}\verb|]{natbib}| is not
+needed. All {\tt natbib} options and citations styles are implemented
+for usage with the {\tt tcfd}-option. The option {\tt numbers} selects
+the numerical citations. You have to use this option in the following way:
+
+\begin{tabular}{l}
+\verb|\documentclass[tcfd,numbers]{svjour}|\\
+$\vdots$\\
+\verb|\begin{thebibliography}{99}|\\
+\verb|\bibitem{author} ...|\\
+\verb|\end{thebibliography}|\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\subsection*{Basic commands}
+
+The {\tt natbib} package has two basic citation commands, \verb|\citet|
+and \verb|\citep| for {\it textual} and {\it parenthetical} citations,
+respectively. All of these may take one or two optional arguments to add
+some text before and after the citation.
+
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{10pt}$\Rightarrow$\hspace{10pt}}l}
+\verb|\citet{jon90}| &Jones et al. (1990)\\
+\verb|\citet[chap.~2]{jon90}| &Jones et al. (1990, chap. 2)\\
+\noalign{\smallskip}
+\verb|\citep{jon90}| &(Jones et al., 1990)\\
+\verb|\citep[chap.~2]{jon90}| &(Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)\\
+\verb|\citep[see][]{jon90}| &(see Jones et al., 1990)\\
+\verb|\citep[see][chap.~2]{jon90}| &(see Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\subsection*{Multiple citations}
+
+Multiple citations may be made as usual, by including more than one citation
+key in the \verb|\cite| command argument.
+
+\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{10pt}$\Rightarrow$\hspace{10pt}}l}
+\verb|\citet{jon90,jon91}| &Jones et al. (1990); James et al. (1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90,jam91}| &(Jones et al., 1990; James et al. 1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90,jon91}| &(Jones et al., 1990, 1991)\\
+\verb|\citep{jon90a,jon90b}| &(Jones et al., 1990a,b)\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\subsection*{Bibliography}
+
+Use the \verb|\bibitem| macro in the following way:
+
+\begin{tabular}{l}
+\verb|\bibitem[\protect\authyear{Jones \etal}{1990}]{jon90} {\bf Jones ...|\\
+\verb|\bibitem[\protect\authyear{Jones \etal}{1991}]{jon91} {\bf Jones ...|\\
+\verb|\bibitem[\protect\authyear{James \etal}{1991}]{jam91} {\bf James ...|\\
+\end{tabular}
+
+\section{Changes using Postscript fonts}
+
+The journal `Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics' is typeset using the
+Postscript\footnote{PostScript is a trademark of Adobe.} Times fonts for the
+main text and math. As the use of PostScript fonts results in different line and page
+breaks than when using Computer Modern fonts, we encourage you to use our
+document class together with the psnfss package times and if available the
+mathtime package. This packages does all necessary font replacements to show
+you the page make-up as it will be printed. Ask your local \TeX pert for
+details. PostScript previewing is possible on most systems. On some
+installations, however, on-screen previewing may be possible only with
+CM fonts.
+
+If, for technical reasons, you are not able to use the PS fonts, it is also
+possible to use our document class together with the ordinary Computer Modern
+fonts. Note, however, that in this case line and page breaks will change when
+we re\TeX\ your file with PS fonts, making it necessary for you to check them
+again once you receive the proofs from the printer.
+
+
+\section{Notes}
+
+Again we strongly suggest to use the \verb|\bibitem - \cite| as well as
+the \verb|\label -| \verb|\ref| mechanism of \LaTeX\ for your cross
+references throughout your document.
+
+\section{Installation}
+
+Following packages should be installed: \verb|times|, \verb|natbib|.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/template.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/springer/svjour/tcfd/template.tex
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file template.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% This is a template file for Theoretical and Computational
+% Fluid Dynamics (TCFD)
+%
+% Copy it to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis
+% for your article
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Springer-Verlag %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+\begin{filecontents}{leer.eps}
+%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-2.0
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:51:17 1992
+%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
+%%Pages: 0 1
+%%BoundingBox: 72 31 601 342
+%%EndComments
+
+gsave
+72 31 moveto
+72 342 lineto
+601 342 lineto
+601 31 lineto
+72 31 lineto
+showpage
+grestore
+%%Trailer
+%%DocumentFonts: Helvetica
+\end{filecontents}
+%
+\documentclass[tcfd]{svjour}
+%
+% Remove any % below to load the required packages
+%\usepackage{latexsym}
+\usepackage{times}
+%\usepackage{mathtimes}
+\usepackage{graphics}
+% etc
+%
+\begin{document}
+%
+\title{Insert your title here}
+\subtitle{Do you have a subtitle?} % Insert a subtitle or remove this line
+%
+\Author{First author}{Insert the first address here}
+\Author{Second author}{Insert the second address here
+% sample for a "present address"
+%\thanks{\emph{Present address:} Insert the address here if needed}%
+} % this closes the address field of the second author
+% etc
+%
+\commun{Communicated by }
+% Will be entered by Springer
+%
+\date{Received date and accepted date}
+% The correct dates will be entered by Springer
+%
+\abstract{
+Insert your abstract here.
+}
+%
+\authorrunning{First author and Second author}
+% See tcfdguide to enter the correct version
+\maketitle
+%
+\section{Introduction}
+\label{intro}
+Your text comes here. Separate text sections with
+\section{Section title}
+\label{sec:1}
+and \citet{RefJ}
+\subsection{Subsection title}
+\label{sec:2}
+as required. Don't forget to give each section
+and subsection a unique label (see Sect.~\ref{sec:1}).
+%
+% For one-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file.
+% For example, with the option graphics use
+\resizebox{0.75\textwidth}{!}{%
+ \includegraphics{leer.eps}
+}
+% If not, use
+%\vspace{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:1} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure}
+%
+% For two-column wide figures use
+\begin{figure*}
+% Use the relevant command for your figure-insertion program
+% to insert the figure file. See example above.
+% If not, use
+\vspace*{5cm} % Give the correct figure height in cm
+\caption{Please write your figure caption here}
+\label{fig:2} % Give a unique label
+\end{figure*}
+%
+% For tables use
+\begin{table}
+\caption{Please write your table caption here}
+\label{tab:1} % Give a unique label
+% For LaTeX tables use
+\begin{tabular}{lll}
+\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+first & second & third \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}
+number & number & number \\
+number & number & number \\
+\noalign{\smallskip}\hline
+\end{tabular}
+% Or use
+\vspace*{5cm} % with the correct table height
+\end{table}
+%
+% BibTeX users please use
+% \bibliographystyle{}
+% \bibliography{}
+%
+% Non-BibTeX users please use
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+%
+% and use \bibitem to create references.
+%
+\bibitem[Author(year)]{RefJ}
+% Format for Journal Reference
+\textbf{Author}, Journal \textbf{Volume}, (year) page numbers.
+% Format for books
+\bibitem[Author(year)]{RefB}
+\textbf{Author}, \textit{Book title} (Publisher, place year) page numbers
+% etc
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+\end{document}
+
+% end of file template.tex
+
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