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authorNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2023-10-12 03:04:15 +0000
committerNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2023-10-12 03:04:15 +0000
commit1598205ade1602e324b7fd8e5410d1389eae7416 (patch)
tree65f81ef88c5a968e7141ffab7b210b7bf051a867 /macros/generic
parent366cf31a771ded1f10860be3212058d48020398d (diff)
CTAN sync 202310120304
Diffstat (limited to 'macros/generic')
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/advice/INSTALL.md69
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/advice/LICENCE416
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/advice/Makefile8
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/advice/README.md8
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/advice/advice.edtx1095
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/advice/advice.ins33
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/collargs/INSTALL.md68
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/collargs/LICENCE416
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/collargs/Makefile8
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/collargs/README.md8
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/collargs/collargs.edtx2938
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/collargs/collargs.ins33
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/LICENCE416
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/README.md8
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/etoolbox-generic.tex80
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/INSTALL.md216
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/LICENCE416
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/Makefile139
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/README.md11
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-clean.1.md62
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.pdfbin0 -> 621070 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.sty276
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.tex120
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-doc-common.sty173
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-doc.sty711
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-extract.1.md94
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize.mst1
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize.pdfbin0 -> 2164795 bytes
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize.tex9094
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/doc/yadoc.sty491
-rwxr-xr-xmacros/generic/memoize/memoize-clean.pl163
-rwxr-xr-xmacros/generic/memoize/memoize-clean.py159
-rwxr-xr-xmacros/generic/memoize/memoize-extract.pl205
-rwxr-xr-xmacros/generic/memoize/memoize-extract.py183
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/memoize.edtx3597
-rw-r--r--macros/generic/memoize/memoize.ins39
36 files changed, 21754 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/macros/generic/advice/INSTALL.md b/macros/generic/advice/INSTALL.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..96844efa8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/advice/INSTALL.md
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# Installation from the TDS archive
+
+If Advice is not (yet) offered by your TeX distribution, the easiest way to
+install it is by downloading the TDS archive `advice.tds.zip` from [Advice's
+CTAN page](https://ctan.org/pkg/advice), and unpacking it into your `texmf`
+directory. You will most likely also have to do the same for an auxiliary
+package Advice depends on: [CollArgs](https://ctan.org/pkg/collargs).
+
+Read on only if you have an unstoppable urge to install from source and/or
+compile the manual or the documented source code.
+
+# Installation from the source
+
+## Getting the sources
+
+There are several options:
+
+* Download and unpack the zip archive of the package from [Advice's CTAN
+ page](https://ctan.org/pkg/advice).
+
+* Download and unpack the TDS archive, or copy the files from your local
+ distribution. The sources reside in `<texmf>/source/generic/advice`.
+
+* Clone the [GitHub repository of
+ Memoize](https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize).
+
+## Generating the runtime files
+
+The easiest way to generate the runtime files is by running `make`. The
+following command will generate runtime files for all supported formats
+(currently: LaTeX, plain TeX and ConTeXt).
+
+```
+make advice.sty
+```
+
+Alternatively, you can generate these files manually. The source of this
+package was written using [EasyDTX](https://ctan.org/pkg/easydtx). Therefore,
+you first have to convert the `.edtx` file into a regular `.dtx`:
+
+```
+edtx2dtx advice.edtx > advice.dtx
+```
+
+The next step is standard. Produce the runtime files by compiling the
+installation file:
+
+```
+tex advice.ins
+```
+
+Finally, if you require the ConTeXt runtime, replace all instances of
+`\expanded` and `\unexpanded` in `t-advice.tex` by `\normalexpanded` and
+`\normalunexpanded`, respectively. One way to do this is:
+
+```
+sed -i -s -e 's/\\\(un\)\?expanded/\\normal\1expanded/g;' t-advice.tex
+```
+
+## Installation
+
+It is recommended to install the files into a TDS-compliant `texmf` directory,
+as usual. Inspect file `FILES` or the TDS archive `advice.tds.zip` to see what
+goes where.
+
+# Compiling the documentation
+
+The documentation of this package is integrated into the documentation of
+[Memoize](https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize), please continue there.
diff --git a/macros/generic/advice/LICENCE b/macros/generic/advice/LICENCE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b57559a83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/advice/LICENCE
@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+The LaTeX Project Public License
+=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+LPPL Version 1.3c 2008-05-04
+
+Copyright 1999 2002-2008 LaTeX3 Project
+ Everyone is allowed to distribute verbatim copies of this
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+PREAMBLE
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diff --git a/macros/generic/advice/Makefile b/macros/generic/advice/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..421bcdbfc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/advice/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+.PRECIOUS: %.dtx
+
+%.dtx: %.edtx
+ edtx2dtx $< > $@
+
+%.sty %.tex t-%.tex &: %.ins %.dtx
+ tex $<
+ sed -i -s -e 's/\\\(un\)\?expanded/\\normal\1expanded/g;' t-$*.tex
diff --git a/macros/generic/advice/README.md b/macros/generic/advice/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0b001d9df8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/advice/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Like its namesake from the Emacs world, package Advice implements a generic
+framework for extending the functionality of selected commands and
+environments.
+
+This package was developed as an auxiliary package of
+[Memoize](https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize). This is why it is, somewhat
+unconventionally, documented alongside that package. This applies to both the
+manual and the documented code listing.
diff --git a/macros/generic/advice/advice.edtx b/macros/generic/advice/advice.edtx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ee9486226e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/advice/advice.edtx
@@ -0,0 +1,1095 @@
+% \iffalse
+%
+% advice.edtx (this is not a .dtx file; to produce a .dtx, process it with edtx2dtx)
+%
+%% This file is a part of Advice, a TeX package implementing a generic
+%% framework for extending the functionality of selected commands and
+%% environments, available at https://ctan.org/pkg/advice and
+%% https://github.com/sasozivanovic/advice.
+%%
+%% Copyright (c) 2023- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+%% (Sa\v{s}o \v{Z}ivanovi\'{c})
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+%% LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+%% your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+%% https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+%% all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+%% The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+%%
+%% The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in `FILES`.
+%
+% \fi
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%
+% \relax
+%
+%<*main>
+%<latex>\ProvidesPackage{advice}[2023/10/10 v1.0.0 Extend commands and environments]
+%<context>%D \module[
+%<context>%D file=t-advice.tex,
+%<context>%D version=1.0.0,
+%<context>%D title=Advice,
+%<context>%D subtitle=Extend commands and environments,
+%<context>%D author=Saso Zivanovic,
+%<context>%D date=2023-10-10,
+%<context>%D copyright=Saso Zivanovic,
+%<context>%D license=LPPL,
+%<context>%D ]
+%<context>\writestatus{loading}{ConTeXt User Module / advice}
+%<context>\unprotect
+%<context>\startmodule[advice]
+% \paragraph{Required packages}
+%<latex>\RequirePackage{collargs}
+%<plain>\input collargs
+%<context>\input t-collargs
+%
+% \subsubsection{Installation into a keypath}
+%
+% \begin{handlerskey}{.install advice}
+% This handler installs the advising mechanism into the handled path, which
+% we shall henceforth also call the (advice) namespace.
+\pgfkeys{
+ /handlers/.install advice/.code={%
+ \edef\auto@install@namespace{\pgfkeyscurrentpath}%
+ \def\advice@install@setupkey{advice}%
+ \def\advice@install@activation{immediate}%
+ \pgfqkeys{/advice/install}{#1}%
+ \expanded{\noexpand\advice@install
+ {\auto@install@namespace}%
+ {\advice@install@setupkey}%
+ {\advice@install@activation}%
+ }%
+ },
+% \end{handlerskey}
+%
+% \begin{adviceinstallkey}{setup key,activation}
+% These keys can be used in the argument of |.install advice| to configure
+% the installation. By default, the setup key is |advice| and |activation| is
+% |immediate|.
+ /advice/install/.cd,
+ setup key/.store in=\advice@install@setupkey,
+ activation/.is choice,
+ activation/.append code=\def\advice@install@activation{#1},
+ activation/immediate/.code={},
+ activation/deferred/.code={},
+}
+% \end{adviceinstallkey}
+%
+% |#1| is the installation keypath (in Memoize, |/mmz|); |#2| is the setup key
+% name (in Memoize, |auto|, and this is why we document it as such); |#3| is
+% the initial activation regime.
+\def\advice@install#1#2#3{%
+ % Switch to the installation keypath.
+ \pgfqkeys{#1}{%
+ % \begin{key}{auto, auto csname, auto key, auto', auto csname', auto key'}
+ % These keys submit a command or environment to advising. The
+ % namespace is hard-coded into these keys via |#1|; their arguments are
+ % the command/environment (cs)name, and setup keys belonging to path
+ % \meta{installation keypath}|/\meta{setup key name}|.
+ #2/.code 2 args={%
+ % Call the internal setup macro, wrapping the received keylist into a
+ % |pgfkeys| invocation.
+ \AdviceSetup{#1}{#2}{##1}{\pgfqkeys{#1/#2}{##2}}%
+ % Activate if not already activated (this can happen when updating the
+ % configuration). Note we don't call |\advice@activate| directly, but use
+ % the public keys; in this way, activation is automatically deferred if
+ % so requested. (We don't use |\pgfkeysalso| to allow |auto| being called
+ % from any path.)
+ \pgfqkeys{#1}{try activate, activate={##1}}%
+ },
+ % A variant without activation.
+ #2'/.code 2 args={%
+ \AdviceSetup{#1}{#2}{##1}{\pgfqkeys{#1/#2}{##2}}%
+ },
+ #2 csname/.style 2 args={
+ #2/.expand once=\expandafter{\csname ##1\endcsname}{##2},
+ },
+ #2 csname'/.style 2 args={
+ #2'/.expand once=\expandafter{\csname ##1\endcsname}{##2},
+ },
+ #2 key/.style 2 args={
+ #2/.expand once=%
+ \expandafter{\csname pgfk@##1/.@cmd\endcsname}%
+ {collector=\advice@pgfkeys@collector,##2},
+ },
+ #2 key'/.style 2 args={
+ #2'/.expand once=%
+ \expandafter{\csname pgfk@##1/.@cmd\endcsname}%
+ {collector=\advice@pgfkeys@collector,##2},
+ },
+ % \end{key}
+ %
+ % \begin{key}{activation}
+ % This key, residing in the installation keypath, forwards the request to
+ % the |/advice| path |activation| subkeys, which define |activate| and
+ % friends in the installation keypath. Initially, the activation regime
+ % is whatever the user has requested using the |.install advice| argument
+ % (here |#3|).
+ activation/.style={/advice/activation/##1={#1}},
+ activation=#3,
+ % \end{key}
+ %
+ % \begin{key}{activate deferred}
+ % The deferred activations are collected in this style, see
+ % section~ref{sec:code:advice:activation} for details.
+ activate deferred/.code={},
+ % \end{key}
+ %
+ % \begin{key}{activate csname, deactivate csname}
+ % For simplicity of implementation, the |csname| versions of |activate|
+ % and |deactivate| accept a single \meta{csname}. This way, they can be
+ % defined right away, as they don't change with the type of activation
+ % (immediate vs.\ deferred).
+ activate csname/.style={activate/.expand once={\csname##1\endcsname}},
+ deactivate csname/.style={activate/.expand once={\csname##1\endcsname}},
+ % \end{key}
+ %
+ % \begin{key}{activate key, deactivate key}
+ % (De)activation of |pgfkeys| keys. Accepts a list of key names, requires
+ % full key names.
+ activate key/.style={activate@key={#1/activate}{##1}},
+ deactivate key/.style={activate@key={#1/deactivate}{##1}},
+ activate@key/.code n args=2{%
+ \def\advice@temp{}%
+ \def\advice@do####1{%
+ \eappto\advice@temp{,\expandonce{\csname pgfk@####1/.@cmd\endcsname}}}%
+ \forcsvlist\advice@do{##2}%
+ \pgfkeysalso{##1/.expand once=\advice@temp}%
+ },
+ % \end{key}
+ %
+ % The rest of the keys defined below reside in the |auto| subfolder of the
+ % installation keypath.
+ #2/.cd,
+ %
+ % \begin{mmzautokey}{run conditions, outer handler, bailout handler, collector,
+ % args, collector options, clear collector options, raw collector options,
+ % clear raw collector options, inner handler, options, clear options}
+ % These keys are used to setup the handling of the command or
+ % environment. The storage macros (|\AdviceRunConditions| etc.) have
+ % public names as they also play a crucial role in the handler
+ % definitions, see section~\ref{sec:code:advice:handle}. \indentmacrocode
+ run conditions/.store in=\AdviceRunConditions,
+ bailout handler/.store in=\AdviceBailoutHandler,
+ outer handler/.store in=\AdviceOuterHandler,
+ collector/.store in=\AdviceCollector,
+ collector options/.code={\appto\AdviceCollectorOptions{,##1}},
+ clear collector options/.code={\def\AdviceCollectorOptions{}},
+ raw collector options/.code={\appto\AdviceRawCollectorOptions{##1}},
+ clear raw collector options/.code={\def\AdviceRawCollectorOptions{}},
+ args/.store in=\AdviceArgs,
+ inner handler/.store in=\AdviceInnerHandler,
+ options/.code={\appto\AdviceOptions{,##1}},
+ clear options/.code={\def\AdviceOptions{}},
+ % \noindentmacrocode
+ % A user-friendly way to set |options|: any unknown key is an option.
+ .unknown/.code={%
+ \eappto{\AdviceOptions}{,\pgfkeyscurrentname={\unexpanded{##1}}}%
+ },
+ % The default values of the keys, which equal the initial values for
+ % commands, as assigned by |\advice@setup@init@command|.
+ run conditions/.default=\AdviceRuntrue,
+ bailout handler/.default=\relax,
+ outer handler/.default=\advice@default@outer@handler,
+ collector/.default=\advice@CollectArgumentsRaw,
+ collector options/.value required,
+ raw collector options/.value required,
+ args/.default=\advice@noargs,
+ inner handler/.default=\advice@error@noinnerhandler,
+ options/.value required,
+ % \end{mmzautokey}
+ %
+ % \begin{mmzautokey}{reset}
+ % This key resets the advice settings to their initial values, which
+ % depend on whether we're handling a command or environment.
+ reset/.code={\csname\advice@setup@init@\AdviceType\endcsname},
+ % \end{mmzautokey}
+ %
+ % \begin{mmzautokey}
+ % The code given here will be executed once we exit the setup group.
+ % |integrated driver| of Memoize uses it to declare a conditional.
+ after setup/.code={\appto\AdviceAfterSetup{##1}},
+ % \end{mmzautokey}
+ %
+ % In \hologo{LaTeX}, we finish the installation by submitting |\begin|; the
+ % submission is funky, because the run conditions handler actually hacks
+ % the standard handling procedure. Note that if |\begin| is not
+ % activated, environments will not be handled, and that the automatic
+ % activation might be deffered.
+ %<latex>#1/#2=\begin{run conditions=\advice@begin@rc},
+ }%
+}
+%
+%
+% \subsubsection{Submitting a command or environment}
+% \label{sec:code:advice:setup}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\AdviceSetup,\AdviceName,\AdviceType}
+% Macro |\advice@setup| is called by key |auto| to submit a command or
+% environment to advising. It receives four arguments: |#1| is the
+% installation keypath / storage namespace: |#2| is the name of the setup
+% key; |#3| is the submitted command or environment; |#4| is the setup code
+% (which is only grabbed by |\advice@setup@i|).
+%
+% Executing this macro defines macros |\AdviceName|, holding the control
+% sequence of the submitted command or the environment name, and |\AdviceType|,
+% holding |command| or |environment|; they are used to set up some initial
+% values, and may be used by user-defined keys in the |auto| path, as well
+% (see |/mmz/auto/noop| for an example). The macro then performs internal
+% initialization, and finally calls the second part, |\advice@setup@i|, with
+% the command's \emph{storage} name as the first argument.
+%
+% This macro also serves as the programmer's interface to |auto|, the idea
+% being that an advanced user may write code |#4| which defined the settings
+% macros (|\AdviceOuterHandler| etc.) without deploying |pgfkeys|. (Also note
+% that activation at the end only occurs through the |auto| interface.)
+\def\AdviceSetup#1#2#3{%
+ % Open a group, so that we allow for embedded |auto| invocations.
+ \begingroup
+ \def\AdviceName{#3}%
+ % Command, complain, or environment?
+ \collargs@cs@cases{#3}{%
+ \def\AdviceType{command}%
+ \advice@setup@init@command
+ \advice@setup@i{#3}{#1}{#3}%
+ }{%
+ \advice@error@advice@notcs{#1/#2}{#3}%
+ }{%
+ \def\AdviceType{environment}%
+ \advice@setup@init@environment
+ %<latex>\advice@setup@i{#3}%
+ %<plain>\expandafter\advice@setup@i\expandafter{\csname #3\endcsname}%
+ %<context>\expandafter\advice@setup@i\expandafter{\csname start#3\endcsname}%
+ {#1}{#3}%
+ }%
+}
+% The arguments of |\advice@setup@i| are a bit different than for
+% |\advice@setup|, because we have inserted the storage name as |#1| above, and
+% we lost the setup key name |#2|. Here, |#2| is the installation keypath /
+% storage namespace, |#3| is the submitted command or environment; and |#4| is
+% the setup code.
+%
+% What is the difference between the storage name (|#1|) and the command\slash
+% environment name (|#3|, and also the contents of |\AdviceName|), and why do we
+% need both? For commands, there is actually no difference; for example, when
+% submitting command |\foo|, we end up with |#1|=|#3|=|\foo|. And there is
+% also no difference for \hologo{LaTeX} environments; when submitting
+% environment |foo|, we get |#1|=|#3|=|foo|. But in \hologo{plainTeX},
+% |#1|=|\foo| and |#3|=|foo|, and in \hologo{ConTeXt}, |#1|=|\startfoo| and
+% |#3|=|foo| --- which should explain the guards and |\expandafter|s above.
+%
+% And why both |#1| and |#3|? When a handled command is executed, it loads its
+% configuration from a macro determined by the storage namespace and the
+% (|\string|ified) storage name, e.g.\ |/mmz| and |\foo|. In \hologo{plainTeX}
+% and \hologo{ConTeXt}, each environment is started by a dedicated command,
+% |\foo| or |\startfoo|, so these control sequences (|\string|ified) must act
+% as storage names. (Not so in \hologo{LaTeX}, where an environment
+% configuration is loaded by |\begin|'s handler, which can easily work with
+% storage name |foo|. Even more, having |\foo| as an environment storage
+% name would conflict with the storage name for the (environment-internal)
+% command |\foo| --- yes, we can submit either |foo| or |\foo|, or both, to
+% advising.)
+\def\advice@setup@i#1#2#3#4{%
+ % Load the current configuration of the handled command or environment --- if
+ % it exists.
+ \advice@setup@init@i{#2}{#1}%
+ \advice@setup@init@I{#2}{#1}%
+ \def\AdviceAfterSetup{}%
+ % Apply the setup code/keys.
+ #4%
+ % Save the resulting configuration. This closes the group, because the config
+ % is saved outside it.
+ \advice@setup@save{#2}{#1}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \paragraph{Initialize} the configuration of a command or environment. Note
+% that the default values of the keys equal the initial values for commands.
+% Nothing would go wrong if these were not the same, but it's nice that the
+% end-user can easily revert to the initial values.
+\def\advice@setup@init@common{%
+ \def\AdviceRunConditions{\AdviceRuntrue}%
+ \def\AdviceBailoutHandler{\relax}%
+ \def\AdviceOuterHandler{\advice@default@outer@handler}%
+ \def\AdviceCollector{\advice@CollectArgumentsRaw}%
+ \def\AdviceCollectorOptions{}%
+ \def\AdviceInnerHandler{\advice@error@noinnerhandler}%
+ \def\AdviceOptions{}%
+}
+\def\advice@setup@init@command{%
+ \advice@setup@init@common
+ \def\AdviceRawCollectorOptions{}%
+ \def\AdviceArgs{\advice@noargs}%
+}
+\def\advice@setup@init@environment{%
+ \advice@setup@init@common
+ \edef\AdviceRawCollectorOptions{%
+ \noexpand\collargsEnvironment{\AdviceName}%
+ % When grabbing an environment body, the end-tag will be included. This
+ % makes it possible to have the same inner handler for commands and
+ % environments.
+ \noexpand\collargsEndTagtrue
+ }%
+ \def\AdviceArgs{+b}%
+}
+% We need to initialize |\AdviceOuterHandler| etc.\ so that |\advice@setup@store|
+% will work.
+\advice@setup@init@command
+%
+% \paragraph.{The configuration storage}
+%
+% The remaining macros in this subsection deal with the configuration storage
+% space, which is set up in a way to facilitate fast loading during the
+% execution of handled commands and environments.
+%
+% The configuration of a command or environment is stored in two parts: the
+% first stage settings comprise the run conditions, the bailout handler and the
+% outer handler; the second stage settings contain the rest. When a handled
+% command is invoked, only the first stage settings are immediately loaded, for
+% speed; the second stage settings are only loaded if the run conditions are
+% satisfied.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@init@i,\advice@init@I}
+% The two-stage settings are stored in control sequences
+% |\advice@i|\meta{namespace}|//|\meta{storage name} and
+% |\advice@I|\meta{namespace}|//|\meta{storage name}, respectively, and
+% accessed using macros |\advice@init@i| and |\advice@init@I|.
+%
+% Each setting storage macro contains a sequence of items, where each item is
+% either of form |\def\AdviceSetting|\marg{value}. This allows us store
+% multiple settings in a single macro (rather than define each
+% control-sequence-valued setting separately, which would use more string
+% memory), and also has the consequence that we don't require the handlers to
+% be defined when submitting a command (whether that's good or bad could be
+% debated: as things stand, any typos in handler declarations will only yield
+% an error once the handled command is executed).
+\def\advice@init@i#1#2{\csname advice@i#1//\string#2\endcsname}
+\def\advice@init@I#1#2{\csname advice@I#1//\string#2\endcsname}
+% We make a copy of these for setup; the originals might be swapped for
+% tracing purposes.
+\let\advice@setup@init@i\advice@init@i
+\let\advice@setup@init@I\advice@init@I
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@setup@save}
+% To save the configuration at the end of the setup, we construct the storage
+% macros out of |\AdviceRunConditions| and friends. Stage-one contains only
+% |\AdviceRunConditions| and |\AdviceBailoutHandler|, so that
+% |\advice@handle| can bail out as quickly as possible if the run conditions
+% are not met.
+\def\advice@setup@save#1#2{%
+ \expanded{%
+ % Close the group before saving. Note that |\expanded| has already expanded
+ % the settings macros.
+ \endgroup
+ \noexpand\csdef{advice@i#1//\string#2}{%
+ \def\noexpand\AdviceRunConditions{\expandonce\AdviceRunConditions}%
+ \def\noexpand\AdviceBailoutHandler{\expandonce\AdviceBailoutHandler}%
+ }%
+ \noexpand\csdef{advice@I#1//\string#2}{%
+ \def\noexpand\AdviceOuterHandler{\expandonce\AdviceOuterHandler}%
+ \def\noexpand\AdviceCollector{\expandonce\AdviceCollector}%
+ \def\noexpand\AdviceRawCollectorOptions{\expandonce\AdviceRawCollectorOptions}%
+ \def\noexpand\AdviceCollectorOptions{\expandonce\AdviceCollectorOptions}%
+ \def\noexpand\AdviceArgs{\expandonce\AdviceArgs}%
+ \def\noexpand\AdviceInnerHandler{\expandonce\AdviceInnerHandler}%
+ \def\noexpand\AdviceOptions{\expandonce\AdviceOptions}%
+ }%
+ \expandonce{\AdviceAfterSetup}%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \label{sec:code:advice:activation}
+%
+% \begin{advicekey}{activation/immediate, activation/deferred}
+% The two subkeys of |/advice/activation| install the immediate and the
+% deferred activation code into the installation keypath. They are invoked
+% by \meta{installation keypath}|/activation=|\meta{type}.
+%
+% Under the deferred activation regime, the commands are not (de)activated
+% right away. Rather, the (de)activation calls are collected in style
+% |activate deferred|, which should be executed by the installation keypath
+% owner, if and when they so desire. (Be sure to switch to
+% |activation=immediate| before executing |activate deferred|, otherwise the
+% activation will only be deferred once again.)
+\pgfkeys{
+ /advice/activation/deferred/.style={
+ #1/activate/.style={%
+ activate deferred/.append style={#1/activate={##1}}},
+ #1/deactivate/.style={%
+ activate deferred/.append style={#1/deactivate={##1}}},
+ #1/force activate/.style={%
+ activate deferred/.append style={#1/force activate={##1}}},
+ #1/try activate/.style={%
+ activate deferred/.append style={#1/try activate={##1}}},
+ },
+% \end{advicekey}
+%
+% \begin{key}{activate, deactivate, force activate, try activate}
+% The ``real,'' immediate |activate| and |deactivate| take a comma-separated
+% list of commands or environments and (de)activate them. If |try activate|
+% is in effect, no error is thrown upon failure. If |force activate| is in
+% effect, activation proceeds even if we already had the original definition;
+% it does not apply to deactivation. These conditionals are set to false
+% after every invocation of key |(de)activate|, so that they only apply to
+% the immediately following |(de)activate|. (|#1| below is the
+% \meta{namespace}; |##1| is the list of commands to be (de)activated.)
+ /advice/activation/immediate/.style={
+ #1/activate/.code={%
+ \forcsvlist{\advice@activate{#1}}{##1}%
+ \advice@activate@forcefalse
+ \advice@activate@tryfalse
+ },
+ #1/deactivate/.code={%
+ \forcsvlist{\advice@deactivate{#1}}{##1}%
+ \advice@activate@forcefalse
+ \advice@activate@tryfalse
+ },
+ #1/force activate/.is if=advice@activate@force,
+ #1/try activate/.is if=advice@activate@try,
+ },
+}
+\newif\ifadvice@activate@force
+\newif\ifadvice@activate@try
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@original@csname,\advice@original@cs,\AdviceGetOriginal}
+% Activation replaces the original meaning of the handled command with our
+% definition. We store the original definition into control sequence
+% |\advice@o|\meta{namespace}|//|\meta{storage name} (with a |\string|ified
+% \meta{storage name}). Internally, during (de)activation and handling, we
+% access it using |\advice@original@csname| and |\advice@original@cs|. Publicly
+% it should always be accessed by |\AdviceGetOriginal|, which returns the
+% argument control sequence if that control sequence is not handled.
+%
+% Using the internal command outside the handling context, we could fall
+% victim to scenario such as the following. When we memoize something
+% containing a |\label|, the produced cc-memo contains code eventually
+% executing the original |\label|. If we called the original |\label| via
+% the internal macro there, and the user |deactivate|d |\label| on a
+% subsequent compilation, the cc-memo would not call |\label| anymore, but
+% |\relax|, resulting in a silent error. Using |\AdviceGetOriginal|, the
+% original |\label| will be executed even when not activated.
+%
+% However, not all is bright with |\AdviceGetOriginal|. Given an activated
+% control sequence (|#2|), a typo in the namespace argument (|#1|) will lead
+% to an infinite loop upon the execution of |\AdviceGetOriginal|. In the
+% manual, we recommend defining a namespace-specific macro to avoid such
+% typos.
+\def\advice@original@csname#1#2{advice@o#1//\string#2}
+\def\advice@original@cs#1#2{\csname advice@o#1//\string#2\endcsname}
+\def\AdviceGetOriginal#1#2{%
+ \ifcsname advice@o#1//\string#2\endcsname
+ \csname advice@o#1//\string#2\expandafter\endcsname
+ \else
+ \expandafter#2%
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@activate,\advice@deactivate}
+% These macros execute either the command, or the environment (de)activator.
+\def\advice@activate#1#2{%
+ \collargs@cs@cases{#2}%
+ {\advice@activate@cmd{#1}{#2}}%
+ {\advice@error@activate@notcsorenv{}{#1}}%
+ {\advice@activate@env{#1}{#2}}%
+}
+\def\advice@deactivate#1#2{%
+ \collargs@cs@cases{#2}%
+ {\advice@deactivate@cmd{#1}{#2}}%
+ {\advice@error@activate@notcsorenv{de}{#1}}%
+ {\advice@deactivate@env{#1}{#2}}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@activate@cmd}
+% We are very careful when we're activating a command, because activating
+% means rewriting its original definition. Configuration by |auto| did not
+% touch the original command; activation will. So, the leitmotif of this
+% macro: safety first. (|#1| is the namespace, and |#2| is the command to be
+% activated.)
+\def\advice@activate@cmd#1#2{%
+ % Is the command defined?
+ \ifdef{#2}{%
+ % Yes, the command is defined. Let's see if it's safe to activate it.
+ % We'll do this by checking whether we have its original definition in our
+ % storage. If we do, this means that we have already activated the
+ % command. Activating it twice would lead to the loss of the original
+ % definition (because the second activation would store our own
+ % redefinition as the original definition) and consequently an infinite
+ % loop (because once --- well, if --- the handler tries to invoke the
+ % original command, it will execute itself all over).
+ \ifcsdef{\advice@original@csname{#1}{#2}}{%
+ % Yes, we have the original definition, so the safety check failed, and
+ % we shouldn't activate again. Unless \dots\ how does its current
+ % definition look like?
+ \advice@if@our@definition{#1}{#2}{%
+ % Well, the current definition of the command matches what we would put
+ % there ourselves. The command is definitely activated, and we refuse
+ % to activate again, as that would destroy the original definition.
+ \advice@activate@error@activated{#1}{#2}{Command}{already}%
+ }{%
+ % We don't recognize the current definition as our own code (despite
+ % the fact that we have surely activated the commmand before, given the
+ % result of the first safety check). It appears that someone else was
+ % playing fast and loose with the same command, and redefined it after
+ % our activation. (In fact, if that someone else was another instance
+ % of Advice, from another namespace, forcing the activation will result
+ % in the loss of the original definition and the infinite loop.) So it
+ % \emph{should} be safe to activate it (again) \dots\ but we won't do
+ % it unless the user specifically requested this using |force
+ % activate|. Note that without |force activate|, we would be stuck in
+ % this branch, as we could neither activate (again) nor deactivate the
+ % command.
+ \ifadvice@activate@force
+ \advice@activate@cmd@do{#1}{#2}%
+ \else
+ \advice@activate@error@activated{#1}{#2}{Command}{already}%
+ \fi
+ }%
+ }{%
+ % No, we don't have the command's original definition, so it was not yet
+ % activated, and we may activate it.
+ \advice@activate@cmd@do{#1}{#2}%
+ }%
+ }{%
+ \advice@activate@error@undefined{#1}{#2}{Command}{}%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@deactivate@cmd}
+% The deactivation of a command follows the same template as activation, but
+% with a different logic, and of course a different effect. In order to
+% deactivate a command, both safety checks discussed above must be satisfied:
+% we must have the command's original definition, \emph{and} our redefinition
+% must still reside in the command's control sequence --- the latter
+% condition prevents overwriting someone else's redefinition with the
+% original command. As both conditions must be unavoidably fulfilled, |force
+% activate| has no effect in deactivation (but |try activate| has).
+\def\advice@deactivate@cmd#1#2{%
+ \ifdef{#2}{%
+ \ifcsdef{\advice@original@csname{#1}{#2}}{%
+ \advice@if@our@definition{#1}{#2}{%
+ \advice@deactivate@cmd@do{#1}{#2}%
+ }{%
+ \advice@deactivate@error@changed{#1}{#2}%
+ }%
+ }{%
+ \advice@activate@error@activated{#1}{#2}{Command}{not yet}%
+ }%
+ }{%
+ \advice@activate@error@undefined{#1}{#2}{Command}{de}%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@if@our@definition}
+% This macro checks whether control sequence |#2| was already activated (in
+% namespace |#1|) in the sense that its current definition contains the code
+% our activation would put there: |\advice@handle{#1}{#2}| (protected).
+\def\advice@if@our@definition#1#2{%
+ \protected\def\advice@temp{\advice@handle{#1}{#2}}%
+ \ifx#2\advice@temp
+ \expandafter\@firstoftwo
+ \else
+ \expandafter\@secondoftwo
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@activate@cmd@do}
+% This macro saves the original command, and redefines its control sequence.
+% Our redefinition must be |\protected| --- even if the original command
+% wasn't fragile, our replacement certainly is. (Note that as we require
+% \hologo{eTeX} anyway, we don't have to pay attention to \hologo{LaTeX}'s
+% robust commands by redefining their ``inner'' command. Protecting our
+% replacement suffices.)
+\def\advice@activate@cmd@do#1#2{%
+ \cslet{\advice@original@csname{#1}{#2}}#2%
+ \protected\def#2{\advice@handle{#1}{#2}}%
+ \PackageInfo{advice (#1)}{Activated command "\string#2"}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@deactivate@cmd@do}
+% This macro restores the original command, and removes its definition from
+% our storage --- this also serves as a signal that the command is not
+% activated anymore.
+\def\advice@deactivate@cmd@do#1#2{%
+ \letcs#2{\advice@original@csname{#1}{#2}}%
+ \csundef{\advice@original@csname{#1}{#2}}%
+ \PackageInfo{advice (#1)}{Deactivated command "\string#2"}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+%
+% \subsubsection{Executing a handled command}
+% \label{sec:code:advice:handle}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@handle}
+% An invocation of this macro is what replaces the original command and runs
+% the whole shebang. The system is designed to bail out as quickly as
+% necessary if the run conditions are not met (plus \hologo{LaTeX}'s |\begin|
+% will receive a very special treatment for this reason).
+%
+% We first check the run conditions, and bail out if they are not satisfied.
+% Note that only the stage-one config is loaded at this point. It sets up
+% the following macros (while they are public, neither the end user not the
+% installation keypath owner should ever have to use them):
+%
+% \begin{itemize}
+% \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceRunConditions} executes |\AdviceRuntrue| if the
+% command should be handled; set by |run conditions|.
+% \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceBailoutHandler} will be executed if the
+% command will not be handled, after all; set by |bailout handler|.
+% \end{itemize}
+\def\advice@handle#1#2{%
+ \advice@init@i{#1}{#2}%
+ \AdviceRunfalse
+ \AdviceRunConditions
+ \advice@handle@rc{#1}{#2}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@handle@rc}
+% We continue the handling in a new macro, because this is the point where
+% the handler for |\begin| will hack into the regular flow of events.
+\def\advice@handle@rc#1#2{%
+ \ifAdviceRun
+ \expandafter\advice@handle@outer
+ \else
+ % Bailout is simple: we first execute the handler, and then the original command.
+ \AdviceBailoutHandler
+ \expandafter\advice@original@cs
+ \fi
+ {#1}{#2}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@handle@outer}
+% To actually handle the command, we first setup some macros:
+%
+% \begin{itemize}
+% \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceNamespace} holds the installation keypath /
+% storage name space.
+% \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceName} holds the control sequence of the handled
+% command, or the environment name.
+% \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceReplaced} holds the ``substituted'' code. For
+% commands, this is the same as |\AdviceName|. For environment |foo|, it
+% equals |\begin{foo}| in \hologo{LaTeX}, |\foo| in \hologo{plainTeX} and
+% |\startfoo| in \hologo{ConTeXt}.
+% \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceOriginal} executes the original definition of
+% the handled command or environment.
+% \end{itemize}
+\def\advice@handle@outer#1#2{%
+ \def\AdviceNamespace{#1}%
+ \def\AdviceName{#2}%
+ \let\AdviceReplaced\AdviceName
+ \def\AdviceOriginal{\AdviceGetOriginal{#1}{#2}}%
+ % We then load the stage-two settings. This defines the following macros:
+ % \begin{itemize}
+ % \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceOuterHandler} will effectively replace the
+ % command, if it will be handled; set by |outer handler|.
+ % \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceCollector} collects the arguments of the handled
+ % command, perhaps consulting |\AdviceArgs| to learn about its argument
+ % structure.
+ % \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceRawCollectorOptions} contains the options which
+ % will be passed to the argument collector, in the ``raw'' format.
+ % \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceCollectorOptions} contains the additional,
+ % user-specified options which will be passed to the argument collector.
+ % \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceArgs} contains the |xparse|-style argument
+ % specification of the command, or equals |\advice@noargs| to signal that
+ % command was defined using |xparse| and that the argument specification
+ % should be retrieved automatically.
+ % \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceInnerHandler} is called by the argument
+ % collector once it finishes its work. It receives all the collected
+ % arguments as a single (braced) argument.
+ % \item \PrintMainMacro{\AdviceOptions} holds options which may be used by the
+ % outer or the inner handler; Advice does not need or touch
+ % them.
+ % \end{itemize}
+ \advice@init@I{#1}{#2}%
+ % All prepared, we execute the outer handler.
+ \AdviceOuterHandler
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifAdviceRun}
+% This conditional is set by the run conditions macro to signal whether we
+% should run the outer (true) or the bailout (false) handler.
+\newif\ifAdviceRun
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@default@outer@handler}
+% The default outer handler merely executes the argument collector. Note
+% that it works for both commands and environments.
+\def\advice@default@outer@handler{%
+ \AdviceCollector
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@CollectArgumentsRaw}
+% This is the default collector, which will collect the argument using
+% CollArgs' command |\CollectArgumentsRaw|. It will provide that command
+% with:
+% \begin{itemize}
+% \item the collector options, given in the raw format: the caller
+% (|\collargsCaller|), the raw options (|\AdviceRawCollectorOptions|) and the
+% user options (|\AdviceRawCollectorOptions|, wrapped in |\collargsSet|;
+% \item the argument specification |\AdviceArgs| of the handled command; and
+% \item the inner handler |\AdviceInnerHandler| to execute after collecting the
+% arguments; the inner handler receives the collected arguments as a single
+% braced argument.
+% \end{itemize}
+% If the argument specification is not defined (either the user did not set
+% it, or has reset it by writing |args| without a value), it is assumed that
+% the handled command was defined by |xparse| and |\AdviceArgs| will be
+% retrieved by |\GetDocumentCommandArgSpec|.
+% \begin{listingregion}{_advice-CollectArgumentsRaw.tex}
+\def\advice@CollectArgumentsRaw{%
+ \AdviceIfArgs{}{%
+ \expandafter\GetDocumentCommandArgSpec\expandafter{\AdviceName}%
+ \let\AdviceArgs\ArgumentSpecification
+ }%
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\CollectArgumentsRaw{%
+ \noexpand\collargsCaller{\expandonce\AdviceName}%
+ \expandonce\AdviceRawCollectorOptions
+ \ifdefempty\AdviceCollectorOptions{}{%
+ \noexpand\collargsSet{\expandonce\AdviceCollectorOptions}%
+ }%
+ }%
+ {\expandonce\AdviceArgs}%
+ {\expandonce\AdviceInnerHandler}%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{listingregion}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\AdviceIfArgs}
+% If the value of |args| is ``real'', i.e.\ an |xparse| argument
+% specification, execute the first argument. If |args| was set to the
+% special value |\advice@noargs|, signaling a command defined by
+% |\NewDocumentCommand| or friends, execute the second argument. (Ok, in
+% reality anything other than |\advice@noargs| counts as real ``real''.)
+\def\advice@noargs@text{\advice@noargs}
+\def\AdviceIfArgs{%
+ \ifx\AdviceArgs\advice@noargs@text
+ \expandafter\@secondoftwo
+ \else
+ \expandafter\@firstoftwo
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@pgfkeys@collector}
+% A |pgfkeys| collector is very simple: the sole argument of the any key
+% macro, regardless of the argument structure of the key, is everything up to
+% |\pgfeov|.
+\def\advice@pgfkeys@collector#1\pgfeov{%
+ \AdviceInnerHandler{#1}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsubsection{Environments}
+% \label{sec:code:advice:environments}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@activate@env,\advice@deactivate@env}
+% Things are simple in \hologo{TeX} and \hologo{ConTeXt}, as their environments
+% are really commands. So rather than activating environment name |#2|, we
+% (de)activate command |\#2| or |\start#2|, depending on the format.
+%<*plain,context>
+\def\advice@activate@env#1#2{%
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\advice@activate@cmd{#1}{\expandonce{\csname
+ %<context>start%
+ #2\endcsname}}%
+ }%
+}
+\def\advice@deactivate@env#1#2{%
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\advice@deactivate@cmd{#1}{\expandonce{\csname
+ %<context>start%
+ #2\endcsname}}%
+ }%
+}
+%</plain,context>
+%
+% We activate commands by redefining them; that's the only way to do it. But
+% we won't activate a \hologo{LaTeX} environment |foo| by redefining command
+% |\foo|, where the user's definition for the start of the environment actually
+% resides, as such a redefinition would be executed too late, deep within the
+% group opened by |\begin|, following many internal operations and public
+% hooks. We handle \hologo{LaTeX} environments by defining an outer handler
+% for |\begin| (consequently, \hologo{LaTeX} environment support can be
+% (de)activated by the user by saying (|de|)|activate=\begin|), and
+% activating an environment will be nothing but setting a mark, by
+% defining a dummy control sequence |\advice@original@csname{#1}{#2}|,
+% which that handler will inspect. Note that |force activate| has no
+% effect here.
+%<*latex>
+\def\advice@activate@env#1#2{%
+ \ifcsdef{\advice@original@csname{#1}{#2}}{%
+ \advice@activate@error@activated{#1}{#2}{Environment}{already}%
+ }{%
+ \csdef{\advice@original@csname{#1}{#2}}{}%
+ }%
+}
+\def\advice@deactivate@env#1#2{%
+ \ifcsdef{\advice@original@csname{#1}{#2}}{%
+ \csundef{\advice@original@csname{#1}{#2}}{}%
+ }{%
+ \advice@activate@error@activated{#1}{#2}{Environment}{not yet}%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@begin@rc}
+% This is the handler for |\begin|. It is very special, for speed. It is
+% meant to be declared as the run conditions component, and it hacks into
+% the normal flow of handling. It knows that after executing the run
+% conditions macro, |\advice@handle| eventually (the tracing info may
+% interrupt here as |#1|) continues by
+% |\advice@handle@rc|\marg{namespace}\marg{handled control sequence}, so it
+% grabs all these (|#2| is the \meta{namespace} and |#3| is the
+% \meta{handled control sequence}, i.e.\ |\begin|) plus the environment
+% name (|#4|).
+\def\advice@begin@rc#1\advice@handle@rc#2#3#4{%
+ % We check whether environment |#4| is activated (in namespace |#2|) by
+ % inspecting whether activation dummy is defined. If it is not, we execute
+ % the original |\begin| (|\advice@original@cs{#2}{#3}|), followed by the
+ % environment name (|#4|). Note that we \emph{don't} execute the
+ % environment's bailout handler here: we haven't checked its run conditions
+ % yet, as the environment is simply not activated.
+ \ifcsname\advice@original@csname{#2}{#4}\endcsname
+ \expandafter\advice@begin@env@rc
+ \else
+ \expandafter\advice@original@cs
+ \fi
+ {#2}{#3}{#4}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@begin@env@rc}
+% Starting from this point, we essentially replicate the workings of
+% |\advice@handle|, adapted to \hologo{LaTeX} environments.
+\def\advice@begin@env@rc#1#2#3{%
+ % We first load the stage-one configuration for environment |#3| in namespace
+ % |#1|.
+ \advice@init@i{#1}{#3}%
+ % This defined |\AdviceRunConditions| for the environment. We can now check its
+ % run conditions. If they are not satisfied, we bail out by executing the
+ % environment's bailout handler followed by the original |\begin|
+ % (|\advice@original@cs{#1}{#2}|) plus the environment name (|#3|).
+ \AdviceRunConditions
+ \ifAdviceRun
+ \expandafter\advice@begin@env@outer
+ \else
+ \AdviceBailoutHandler
+ \expandafter\advice@original@cs
+ \fi
+ {#1}{#2}{#3}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\advice@begin@env@outer}
+% We define the macros expected by the outer handler, see
+% |\advice@handle@outer|, load the second-stage configuration, and execute the
+% environment's outer handler.
+\def\advice@begin@env@outer#1#2#3{%
+ \def\AdviceNamespace{#1}%
+ \def\AdviceName{#3}%
+ \def\AdviceReplaced{#2{#3}}%
+ \def\AdviceOriginal{\AdviceGetOriginal{#1}{#2}{#3}}%
+ \advice@init@I{#1}{#3}%
+ \AdviceOuterHandler
+}
+%</latex>
+% \end{macro}
+%
+%
+% \subsubsection{Error messages}
+%
+% Define error messages for the entire package. Note that
+% |\advice@(de)activate@error@...| implement |try activate|.
+%
+\def\advice@activate@error@activated#1#2#3#4{%
+ \ifadvice@activate@try
+ \else
+ \PackageError{advice (#1)}{#3 "\string#2" is #4 activated}{}%
+ \fi
+}
+\def\advice@activate@error@undefined#1#2#3#4{%
+ \ifadvice@activate@try
+ \else
+ \PackageError{advice (#1)}{%
+ #3 "\string#2" you are trying to #4activate is not defined}{}%
+ \fi
+}
+\def\advice@deactivate@error@changed#1#2{%
+ \ifadvice@activate@try
+ \else
+ \PackageError{advice (#1)}{The definition of "\string#2" has changed since we
+ have activated it. Has somebody overridden our command?}{If you have tried
+ to deactivate so that you could immediately reactivate, you may want to try
+ "force activate".}%
+ \fi
+}
+\def\advice@error@advice@notcs#1#2{%
+ \PackageError{advice}{The first argument of key "#1" should be either a single
+ control sequence or an environment name, not "#2"}{}%
+}
+\def\advice@error@activate@notcsorenv#1#2{%
+ \PackageError{advice}{Each item in the value of key "#1activate" should be
+ either a control sequence or an environment name, not "#2".}{}%
+}
+\def\advice@error@storecs@notcs#1#2{%
+ \PackageError{advice}{The value of key "#1" should be a single control sequence,
+ not "\string#2"}{}%
+}
+\def\advice@error@noinnerhandler#1{%
+ \PackageError{advice (\AdviceNamespace)}{The inner handler for
+ "\expandafter\string\AdviceName" is not defined}{}%
+}
+% \subsubsection{Tracing}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\AdviceTracingOn,\AdviceTracingOff}
+% We implement tracing by adding the tracing information to the handlers
+% after we load them. So it is the handlers themselves which, if and when
+% they are executed, will print out that this is happening.
+\def\AdviceTracingOn{%
+ \let\advice@init@i\advice@trace@init@i
+ \let\advice@init@I\advice@trace@init@I
+}
+\def\AdviceTracingOff{%
+ \let\advice@init@i\advice@setup@init@i
+ \let\advice@init@I\advice@setup@init@I
+}
+% \end{macro}
+\def\advice@trace#1{\immediate\write16{[tracing advice] #1}}
+\def\advice@trace@init@i#1#2{%
+ \advice@trace{Advising \detokenize\expandafter{\string#2} (\detokenize{#1})}%
+ \advice@setup@init@i{#1}{#2}%
+ \edef\AdviceRunConditions{%
+ % We first execute the original run conditions, so that we can show the
+ % result.
+ \expandonce\AdviceRunConditions
+ \noexpand\advice@trace{\space\space
+ Executing run conditions:
+ \detokenize\expandafter{\AdviceRunConditions}
+ -->
+ \noexpand\ifAdviceRun true\noexpand\else false\noexpand\fi
+ }%
+ }%
+ \edef\AdviceBailoutHandler{%
+ \noexpand\advice@trace{\space\space
+ Executing bailout handler:
+ \detokenize\expandafter{\AdviceBailoutHandler}}%
+ \expandonce\AdviceBailoutHandler
+ }%
+}
+\def\advice@trace@init@I#1#2{%
+ \advice@setup@init@I{#1}{#2}%
+ \edef\AdviceOuterHandler{%
+ \noexpand\advice@trace{\space\space
+ Executing outer handler:
+ \detokenize\expandafter{\AdviceOuterHandler}}%
+ \expandonce\AdviceOuterHandler
+ }%
+ \edef\AdviceCollector{%
+ \noexpand\advice@trace{\space\space
+ Executing collector:
+ \detokenize\expandafter{\AdviceCollector}}%
+ \noexpand\advice@trace{\space\space\space\space
+ argument specification:
+ \detokenize\expandafter{\AdviceArgs}}%
+ \noexpand\advice@trace{\space\space\space\space
+ options:
+ \detokenize\expandafter{\AdviceCollectorOptions}}%
+ \noexpand\advice@trace{\space\space\space\space
+ raw options:
+ \detokenize\expandafter{\AdviceRawCollectorOptions}}%
+ \expandonce\AdviceCollector
+ }%
+ % The tracing inner handler must grab the provided argument, if it's to show
+ % what it is.
+ \edef\advice@inner@handler@trace##1{%
+ \noexpand\advice@trace{\space\space
+ Executing inner handler:
+ \detokenize\expandafter{\AdviceInnerHandler}}%
+ \noexpand\advice@trace{\space\space\space\space
+ Received arguments:
+ \noexpand\detokenize{##1}}%
+ \noexpand\advice@trace{\space\space\space\space
+ options:
+ \detokenize\expandafter{\AdviceOptions}}%
+ \expandonce{\AdviceInnerHandler}{##1}%
+ }%
+ \def\AdviceInnerHandler{\advice@inner@handler@trace}%
+}
+%<plain>\resetatcatcode
+%<context>\stopmodule
+%<context>\protect
+%</main>
+%
+% \subsubsection{The \TikZ; collector}
+% \label{sec:code:advice:tikz}
+%
+% In this section, we implement the argument collector for command |\tikz|,
+% which has idiosyncratic syntax, see \PGFmanual{12.2.2}:
+% \begin{itemize}
+% \item |\tikz|\meta{animation spec}|[|\meta{options}|]{|\meta{picture code}|}|
+% \item |\tikz|\meta{animation spec}|[|\meta{options}|]|\meta{picture command}|;|
+% \end{itemize}
+% where \meta{animation spec} =
+% (|:|\meta{key}|={|\meta{value}|}|)*.
+%
+% The \TikZ; code resides in a special file. It is meant to be |\input| at any
+% time, so we need to temporarily assign |@| category code 11.
+%<*tikz>
+\edef\mmzresetatcatcode{\catcode`\noexpand\@\the\catcode`\@\relax}%
+\catcode`\@=11
+\def\AdviceCollectTikZArguments{%
+% We initialize the token register which will hold the collected arguments, and
+% start the collection. Nothing of note happens until \dots
+ \mmz@temptoks={}%
+ \mmz@tikz@anim
+}
+\def\mmz@tikz@anim{%
+ \pgfutil@ifnextchar[{\mmz@tikz@opt}{%
+ \pgfutil@ifnextchar:{\mmz@tikz@anim@a}{%
+ \mmz@tikz@code}}%]
+}
+\def\mmz@tikz@anim@a#1=#2{%
+ \toksapp\mmz@temptoks{#1={#2}}%
+ \mmz@tikz@anim
+}
+\def\mmz@tikz@opt[#1]{%
+ \toksapp\mmz@temptoks{[#1]}%
+ \mmz@tikz@code
+}
+\def\mmz@tikz@code{%
+ \pgfutil@ifnextchar\bgroup\mmz@tikz@braced\mmz@tikz@single
+}
+\long\def\mmz@tikz@braced#1{\toksapp\mmz@temptoks{{#1}}\mmz@tikz@done}
+\def\mmz@tikz@single#1;{\toksapp\mmz@temptoks{#1;}\mmz@tikz@done}
+% \dots\ we finish collecting the arguments, when we execute the inner handler,
+% with the (braced) collected arguments is its sole argument.
+\def\mmz@tikz@done{%
+ \expandafter\AdviceInnerHandler\expandafter{\the\mmz@temptoks}%
+}
+\mmzresetatcatcode
+%</tikz>
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Local Variables:
+% TeX-engine: luatex
+% TeX-master: "doc/memoize-code.tex"
+% TeX-auto-save: nil
+% End: \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/macros/generic/advice/advice.ins b/macros/generic/advice/advice.ins
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b1b1df68ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/advice/advice.ins
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+%% advice.ins
+%%
+%% This file is a part of Advice, a TeX package implementing a generic
+%% framework for extending the functionality of selected commands and
+%% environments, available at https://ctan.org/pkg/advice and
+%% https://github.com/sasozivanovic/advice.
+%%
+%% Copyright (c) 2023- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+%% (Sa\v{s}o \v{Z}ivanovi\'{c})
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+%% LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+%% your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+%% https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+%% all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+%% The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+%%
+%% The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in `FILES`.
+%%
+\input docstrip.tex
+\keepsilent
+\preamble
+\endpreamble
+\askforoverwritefalse
+\generate{%
+ \file{advice.sty}{\from{advice.dtx}{main,latex}}%
+ \file{advice.tex}{\from{advice.dtx}{main,plain}}%
+ \file{t-advice.tex}{\from{advice.dtx}{main,context}}%
+ \file{advice-tikz.code.tex}{\from{advice.dtx}{tikz}}%
+}
+\endbatchfile
diff --git a/macros/generic/collargs/INSTALL.md b/macros/generic/collargs/INSTALL.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..df93bc8214
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/collargs/INSTALL.md
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Installation from the TDS archive
+
+If CollArgs is not (yet) offered by your TeX distribution, the easiest way to
+install it is by downloading the TDS archive `collargs.tds.zip` from
+[CollArgs's CTAN page](https://ctan.org/pkg/collargs), and unpacking it into
+your `texmf` directory.
+
+Read on only if you have an unstoppable urge to install from source and/or
+compile the manual or the documented source code.
+
+# Installation from the source
+
+## Getting the sources
+
+There are several options:
+
+* Download and unpack the zip archive of the package from [CollArgs's CTAN
+ page](https://ctan.org/pkg/collargs).
+
+* Download and unpack the TDS archive, or copy the files from your local
+ distribution. The sources reside in `<texmf>/source/generic/collargs`.
+
+* Clone the [GitHub repository of
+ Memoize](https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize).
+
+## Generating the runtime files
+
+The easiest way to generate the runtime files is by running `make`. The
+following command will generate runtime files for all supported formats
+(currently: LaTeX, plain TeX and ConTeXt).
+
+```
+make collargs.sty
+```
+
+Alternatively, you can generate these files manually. The source of this
+package was written using [EasyDTX](https://ctan.org/pkg/easydtx). Therefore,
+you first have to convert the `.edtx` file into a regular `.dtx`:
+
+```
+edtx2dtx collargs.edtx > collargs.dtx
+```
+
+The next step is standard. Produce the runtime files by compiling the
+installation file:
+
+```
+tex collargs.ins
+```
+
+Finally, if you require the ConTeXt runtime, replace all instances of
+`\expanded` and `\unexpanded` in `t-collargs.tex` by `\normalexpanded` and
+`\normalunexpanded`, respectively. One way to do this is:
+
+```
+sed -i -s -e 's/\\\(un\)\?expanded/\\normal\1expanded/g;' t-collargs.tex
+```
+
+## Installation
+
+It is recommended to install the files into a TDS-compliant `texmf` directory,
+as usual. Inspect file `FILES` or the TDS archive `collargs.tds.zip` to see
+what goes where.
+
+# Compiling the documentation
+
+The documentation of this package is integrated into the documentation of
+[Memoize](https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize), please continue there.
diff --git a/macros/generic/collargs/LICENCE b/macros/generic/collargs/LICENCE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b57559a83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/collargs/LICENCE
@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+The LaTeX Project Public License
+=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
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+LPPL Version 1.3c 2008-05-04
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diff --git a/macros/generic/collargs/Makefile b/macros/generic/collargs/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..421bcdbfc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/collargs/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+.PRECIOUS: %.dtx
+
+%.dtx: %.edtx
+ edtx2dtx $< > $@
+
+%.sty %.tex t-%.tex &: %.ins %.dtx
+ tex $<
+ sed -i -s -e 's/\\\(un\)\?expanded/\\normal\1expanded/g;' t-$*.tex
diff --git a/macros/generic/collargs/README.md b/macros/generic/collargs/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f36abea78a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/collargs/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Package CollArgs provides a command which can determine the argument scope of
+any command whose argument structure conforms to
+[xparse](https://ctan.org/pkg/xparse)'s argument specification.
+
+This package was developed as an auxiliary package of
+[Memoize](https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize). This is why it is, somewhat
+unconventionally, documented alongside that package. This applies to both the
+manual and the documented code listing.
diff --git a/macros/generic/collargs/collargs.edtx b/macros/generic/collargs/collargs.edtx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..40a102c1a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/collargs/collargs.edtx
@@ -0,0 +1,2938 @@
+% \iffalse
+% collargs.edtx (this is not a .dtx file; to produce a .dtx, process it with edtx2dtx)
+%%
+%% This file is a part of CollArgs, a TeX package providing a command which can
+%% determine the argument scope of any command whose argument structure
+%% conforms to xparse's argument specification, available at
+%% https://ctan.org/pkg/advice and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/advice.
+%%
+%% Copyright (c) 2023- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+%% (Sa\v{s}o \v{Z}ivanovi\'{c})
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+%% LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3 of this license or (at your
+%% option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+%% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3 or later is part of
+%% all distributions of LaTeX version 2005/12/01 or later.
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+%% The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+%%
+%% The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+%% (<texmf>/doc/generic/collargs/)FILES.
+%
+% \fi
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%
+% Package CollArgs provides commands |\CollectArguments| and
+% |\CollectArgumentsRaw|, which (what a surprise!) collect the arguments
+% conforming to the given (slightly extended) |xparse| argument specification.
+% The package was developed to help out with automemoization (see
+% section~\ref{sec:code:automemoization}). It started out as a few lines of
+% code, but had grown once I realized I want automemoization to work for
+% verbatim environments as well --- the environment-collecting code is based on
+% Bruno Le Floch's package |cprotect| --- and had then grown some more once I
+% decided to support the |xparse| argument specification in full detail, and to
+% make the verbatim mode flexible enough to deal with a variety of situations.
+%
+% The implementation of this package does not depend on |xparse|. Perhaps this
+% is a mistake, especially as the |xparse| code is now included in the base
+% \hologo{LaTeX}, but the idea was to have a light-weight package (not sure
+% this is the case anymore, given all the bells and whistles), to have its
+% functionality available in plain \hologo{TeX} and \hologo{ConTeXt} as well
+% (same as Memoize), and, perhaps most importantly, to have the ability to
+% collect the arguments verbatim.
+%
+%
+% \paragraph{Identification}
+%<latex>\ProvidesPackage{collargs}[2023/10/10 v1.0.0 Collect arguments of any command]
+%<context>%D \module[
+%<context>%D file=t-collargs.tex,
+%<context>%D version=1.0.0,
+%<context>%D title=CollArgs,
+%<context>%D subtitle=Collect arguments of any command,
+%<context>%D author=Saso Zivanovic,
+%<context>%D date=2023-10-10,
+%<context>%D copyright=Saso Zivanovic,
+%<context>%D license=LPPL,
+%<context>%D ]
+%<context>\writestatus{loading}{ConTeXt User Module / collargs}
+%<context>\unprotect
+%<context>\startmodule[collargs]
+% \paragraph{Required packages}
+%<latex>\RequirePackage{pgfkeys}
+%<plain>\input pgfkeys
+%<context>\input t-pgfkey
+%<latex>\RequirePackage{etoolbox}
+%<plain,context>\input etoolbox-generic
+%<plain>\edef\resetatcatcode{\catcode`\noexpand\@\the\catcode`\@\relax}
+%<plain>\catcode`\@11\relax
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\toksapp,\gtoksapp,\etoksapp,\xtoksapp}
+% Our macros for appending to a token register only accept a control sequence
+% defined by |\toksdef| (like |\mytoks|) but not an explicit register
+% designation like |\toks0|, so we only define them if noone else did; the
+% names of the macros match the \hologo{LuaTeX} primitives, so they surely
+% won't be defined there.
+\ifdefined\toksapp\else
+ \long\def\toksapp#1#2{#1\expandafter{\the#1#2}}%
+\fi
+\ifdefined\etoksapp\else
+ \long\def\etoksapp#1#2{#1\expandafter{\expanded{\the#1#2}}}%
+\fi
+\ifdefined\gtoksapp\else
+ \long\def\gtoksapp#1#2{\global#1\expandafter{\the#1#2}}%
+\fi
+\ifdefined\xtoksapp\else
+ \long\def\xtoksapp#1#2{\global#1\expandafter{\expanded{\the#1#2}}}%
+\fi
+\ifdefined\toks@\else\toksdef\toks@=0 \fi
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\CollectArguments,\CollectArgumentsRaw}
+% These are the only public commands provided by the
+% package. |\CollectArguments| takes three arguments: the optional |#1| is
+% the option list, processed by |pgfkeys| (given the grouping structure,
+% these options will apply to all arguments); the mandatory |#2| is the
+% |xparse|-style argument specification; the mandatory |#3| is the ``next''
+% command (or a sequence of commands). The argument list is expected to
+% start immediately after the final argument; |\CollectArguments| parses it,
+% effectively figuring out its extent, and then passes the entire argument
+% list to the ``next'' command (as a single argument).
+%
+% |\CollectArgumentsRaw| differs only in how it takes and processes the
+% options. For one, these should be given as a mandatory argument.
+% Furthermore, they do not take the form of a keylist, but should deploy the
+% ``programmer's interface.'' |#1| should thus be a sequence of invocations
+% of the macro counterparts of the keys defined in
+% section~\ref{sec:code:collargs:keys}, which can be recognized as starting
+% with |\collargs| followed by a capital letter, e.g.\ |\collargsCaller|.
+% Note that |\collargsSet| may also be used in |#1|. (The ``optional,''
+% i.e.\ bracketed, argument of |\CollectArgumentsRaw| is in fact mandatory.)
+\protected\def\CollectArguments{%
+ \pgf@keys@utilifnextchar[\CollectArguments@i{\CollectArgumentsRaw{}}%]
+}
+\def\CollectArguments@i[#1]{\CollectArgumentsRaw{\collargsSet{#1}}}
+\protected\def\CollectArgumentsRaw#1#2#3{%
+ % This group will be closed by |\collargs@.| once we grinded through the
+ % argument specification.
+ \begingroup
+ % Initialize category code fixing; see section~\ref{sec:code:collargs:fix}
+ % for details. We have to do this before applying the settings, so that
+ % |\collargsFixFromNoVerbatim| et al can take effect.
+ \global\let\ifcollargs@last@verbatim\ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \global\let\ifcollargs@last@verbatimbraces\ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+ \global\collargs@double@fixfalse
+ % Apply the settings.
+ \collargs@verbatim@wrap{#1}%
+ % Initialize the space-grabber.
+ \collargs@init@grabspaces
+ % Remember the code to execute after collection.
+ \def\collargs@next{#3}%
+ % Initialize the token register holding the collected arguments.
+ \global\collargs@toks{}%
+ % Execute the central loop macro, which expects the argument specification
+ % |#2| to be delimited from the following argument tokens by a dot.
+ \collargs@#2.%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargsSet}
+% This macro processes the given keys in the |/collargs| keypath. When it is
+% used to process options given by the end user (the optional argument to
+% |\CollectArguments|, and the options given within the argument
+% specification, using the new modifier |&|), its invocation should be
+% wrapped in |\collargs@verbatim@wrap| to correctly deal with the changes of
+% the verbatim mode.
+\def\collargsSet#1{\pgfqkeys{/collargs}{#1}}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+%
+% \subsubsection{The keys}
+% \label{sec:code:collargs:keys}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@cs@cases}
+% If the first argument of this auxiliary macro is a single control sequence,
+% then the second argument is executed. If the first argument starts with a
+% control sequence but this control sequence does not form the entire
+% argument, the third argument is executed. Otherwise, the fourth argument
+% is executed.
+%
+% This macro is defined in package CollArgs because we use it in key |caller|
+% below, but it is really useful in package Auto, where having it we don't
+% have to bother the end-user with a separate keys for commands and
+% environments, but automatically detect whether the argument of |auto| and
+% (|de|)|activate| is a command or an environment.
+\def\collargs@cs@cases#1{\collargs@cs@cases@i#1\collargs@cs@cases@end}
+\let\collargs@cs@cases@end\relax
+\def\collargs@cs@cases@i{\futurelet\collargs@temp\collargs@cs@cases@ii}
+\def\collargs@cs@cases@ii#1#2\collargs@cs@cases@end{%
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@temp\relax
+ \ifx\relax#2\relax
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\@firstofthree
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\@secondofthree
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \expandafter\@thirdofthree
+ \fi
+}
+\def\@firstofthree#1#2#3{#1}
+\def\@secondofthree#1#2#3{#2}
+\def\@thirdofthree#1#2#3{#3}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}{caller}
+% \begin{macro}{\collargsCaller}
+% Every macro which grabs a part of the argument list will be accessed
+% through the ``caller'' control sequence, so that \hologo{TeX}'s reports
+% of any errors in the argument structure can contain a command name
+% familiar to the author.\footnote{The idea is borrowed from package
+% |environ|, which is in turn based on code from |amsmath|.} For example,
+% if the argument list ``originally'' belonged to command |\foo| with
+% argument structure |r()|, but no parentheses follow in the input, we want
+% \hologo{TeX} to complain that |Use of \foo doesn't match its definition|.
+% This can be achieved by setting |caller=\foo|; the default is
+% |caller=\CollectArguments|, which is still better than seeing an error
+% involving some random internal control sequence. It is also ok to set an
+% environment name as the caller, see below.
+%
+% The key and macro defined below store the caller control sequence into
+% |\collargs@caller|, e.g.\ when we say |caller=\foo|, we effectively
+% execute |\def\collargs@caller{\foo}|.
+\collargsSet{
+ caller/.code={\collargsCaller{#1}},
+}
+\def\collargsCaller#1{%
+ \collargs@cs@cases{#1}{%
+ \let\collargs@temp\collargs@caller@cs
+ }{%
+ \let\collargs@temp\collargs@caller@csandmore
+ }{%
+ \let\collargs@temp\collargs@caller@env
+ }%
+ \collargs@temp{#1}%
+}
+\def\collargs@caller@cs#1{%
+ % If |#1| is a single control sequence, just use that as the caller.
+ \def\collargs@caller{#1}%
+}
+\def\collargs@caller@csandmore#1{%
+ % If |#1| starts with a control sequence, we don't complain, but convert the
+ % entire |#1| into a control sequence.
+ \begingroup
+ \escapechar -1
+ \expandafter\endgroup
+ \expandafter\def\expandafter\collargs@caller\expandafter{%
+ \csname\string#1\endcsname
+ }%
+}
+\def\collargs@caller@env#1{%
+ % If |#1| does not start with a control sequence, we assume that is an
+ % environment name, so we prepend |start| in \hologo{ConTeXt}, and dress it
+ % up into |\begin{#1}| in \hologo{LaTeX}.
+ \expandafter\def\expandafter\collargs@caller\expandafter{%
+ \csname
+ %<context>start%
+ %<latex>begin{%
+ #1%
+ %<latex>}%
+ \endcsname
+ }%
+}
+\collargsCaller\CollectArguments
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifcollargs@verbatim,\ifcollargs@verbatimbraces}
+% The first of these conditional
+% signals that we're collecting the arguments in one of the verbatim
+% modes; the second one signals the |verb| mode in particular.
+\newif\ifcollargs@verbatim
+\newif\ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}{verbatim, verb, no verbatim}
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@verbatim@wrap}
+% These keys set the verbatim mode macro which will be executed by
+% |\collargsSet| after processing all keys.
+% The verbatim mode macros |\collargsVerbatim|, |\collargsVerb| and
+% |\collargsNoVerbatim| are somewhat complex; we postpone their definition
+% until section~\ref{sec:code:collargs:verbatim}. Their main effect is to
+% set conditionals |\ifcollargs@verbatim| and |\ifcollargs@verbatimbraces|,
+% which are be inspected by the argument type handlers --- and to make
+% the requested category code changes, of course.
+%
+% Here, note that the verbatim-selection code is not executed while the
+% keylist is being processed. Rather, the verbatim keys simply set the macro
+% which will be executed \emph{after} the keylist is processed, and this is
+% why processing of a keylist given by the user must be always wrapped in
+% |\collargs@verbatim@wrap|.
+\collargsSet{
+ verbatim/.code={\let\collargs@apply@verbatim\collargsVerbatim},
+ verb/.code={\let\collargs@apply@verbatim\collargsVerb},
+ no verbatim/.code={\let\collargs@apply@verbatim\collargsNoVerbatim},
+}
+\def\collargs@verbatim@wrap#1{%
+ \let\collargs@apply@verbatim\relax
+ #1%
+ \collargs@apply@verbatim
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}{fix from verbatim, fix from verb, fix from no verbatim}
+% \begin{macro}{\collargsFixFromVerbatim,\collargsFixFromVerb,\collargsFixFromNoVerbatim}
+% These keys and macros should be used to request a category code fix, when
+% the offending tokenization took place prior to invoking
+% |\CollectArguments|; see section~\ref{sec:code:collargs:fix} for details.
+% While I assume that only |\collargsFixFromNoVerbatim| will ever be used
+% (and it is used by |\mmz|), we provide macros for all three transitions,
+% for completeness.\indentmacrocode
+\collargsSet{
+ fix from verbatim/.code={\collargsFixFromVerbatim},
+ fix from verb/.code={\collargsFixFromVerb},
+ fix from no verbatim/.code={\collargsFixFromNoVerbatim},
+}
+% \noindentmacrocode
+\def\collargsFixFromNoVerbatim{%
+ \global\collargs@fix@requestedtrue
+ \global\let\ifcollargs@last@verbatim\iffalse
+}
+\def\collargsFixFromVerbatim{%
+ \global\collargs@fix@requestedtrue
+ \global\let\ifcollargs@last@verbatim\iftrue
+ \global\let\ifcollargs@last@verbatimbraces\iftrue
+}
+\def\collargsFixFromVerb{%
+ \global\collargs@fix@requestedtrue
+ \global\let\ifcollargs@last@verbatim\iftrue
+ \global\let\ifcollargs@last@verbatimbraces\iffalse
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}{braces}
+% Set the characters which are used as the grouping characters in the full
+% verbatim mode. The user is only required to do this when multiple
+% character pairs serve as the grouping characters. The underlying macro,
+% |\collargsBraces|, will be defined in
+% section~\ref{sec:code:collargs:verbatim}.
+\collargsSet{
+ braces/.code={\collargsBraces{#1}}%
+}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}{environment}
+% \begin{macro}{\collargsEnvironment}
+% Set the environment name.
+% \indentmacrocode
+\collargsSet{
+ environment/.estore in=\collargs@b@envname
+}
+\def\collargsEnvironment#1{\edef\collargs@b@envname{#1}}
+\collargsEnvironment{}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}{begin tag, end tag, tags}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifcollargsBeginTag,\ifcollargsEndTag,\ifcollargsAddTags}
+% When |begin tag|\slash|end tag| is in effect, the begin\slash end-tag will
+% be will be prepended/appended to the environment body. |tags| is a
+% shortcut for setting |begin tag| and |end tag| simultaneously.
+% \indentmacrocode
+\collargsSet{
+ begin tag/.is if=collargsBeginTag,
+ end tag/.is if=collargsEndTag,
+ tags/.style={begin tag=#1, end tag=#1},
+ tags/.default=true,
+}
+\newif\ifcollargsBeginTag
+\newif\ifcollargsEndTag
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}{ignore nesting}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifcollargsIgnoreNesting}
+% When this key is in effect, we will
+% ignore any \cs{begin}\marg{name}s and simply grab everything up to
+% the first \cs{end}\marg{name} (again, the markers are automatically
+% adapted to the format).
+\collargsSet{
+ ignore nesting/.is if=collargsIgnoreNesting,
+}
+\newif\ifcollargsIgnoreNesting
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}{ignore other tags}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifcollargsIgnoreOtherTags}
+% This key is only relevant in the
+% non-verbatim and partial verbatim modes in \hologo{LaTeX}. When it
+% is in effect, CollArgs checks the environment name following each
+% |\begin| and |\end|, ignoring the tags with an environment name other
+% than |\collargs@b@envname|.
+\collargsSet{
+ ignore other tags/.is if=collargsIgnoreOtherTags,
+}
+\newif\ifcollargsIgnoreOtherTags
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}[noindex]{(append/prepend) (pre/post)processor}
+% \begin{macro}[noindex]{\collargs(Append/Prepend)(Pre/Post)processor}
+% \begin{collargskey}[noprint]{append preprocessor, prepend preprocessor,
+% append postprocessor, prepend postprocessor}
+% \begin{macro}[noprint]{\collargsAppendPreprocessor,\collargsPrependPreprocessor,\collargsAppendPostprocessor,\collargsPrependPostprocessor}
+% These keys and
+% macros populate the list of preprocessors,
+% |\collargs@preprocess@arg|, and the list of post-processors,
+% |\collargs@postprocess@arg|, executed in |\collargs@appendarg|.
+\collargsSet{
+ append preprocessor/.code={\collargsAppendPreprocessor{#1}},
+ prepend preprocessor/.code={\collargsPrependPreprocessor{#1}},
+ append postprocessor/.code={\collargsAppendPostprocessor{#1}},
+ prepend postprocessor/.code={\collargsPrependPostprocessor{#1}},
+}
+\def\collargsAppendPreprocessor{%
+ \collargs@addprocessor\appto\collargs@preprocess@arg}
+\def\collargsPrependPreprocessor{%
+ \collargs@addprocessor\preto\collargs@preprocess@arg}
+\def\collargsAppendPostprocessor{%
+ \collargs@addprocessor\appto\collargs@postprocess@arg}
+\def\collargsPrependPostprocessor{%
+ \collargs@addprocessor\preto\collargs@postprocess@arg}
+% Here, |#1| will be either |\appto| or |\preto|, and |#2| will be either
+% |\collargs@preprocess@arg| or |\collargs@postprocess@arg|. |#3| is the
+% processor code.
+\def\collargs@addprocessor#1#2#3{%
+ #1#2{%
+ \expanded{%
+ \unexpanded{#3}{\the\collargsArg}%
+ }%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}[noindex]{clear (pre/post)processors}
+% \begin{macro}[noindex]{\collargsClear(Pre/Post)processors}
+% \begin{collargskey}[noprint]{clear preprocessors, clear postprocessors}
+% \begin{macro}[noprint]{\collargsClearPreprocessors,\collargsClearPostprocessors}
+% These keys and macros
+% clear the pre- and post-processor lists, which are initially empty as
+% well.
+\def\collargs@preprocess@arg{}
+\def\collargs@postprocess@arg{}
+\collargsSet{
+ clear preprocessors/.code={\collargsClearPreprocessors},
+ clear postprocessors/.code={\collargsClearPostprocessors},
+}
+\def\collargsClearPreprocessors{\def\collargs@preprocess@arg{}}%
+\def\collargsClearPostprocessors{\def\collargs@postprocess@arg{}}%
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}[noindex]{(append/prepend) expandable (pre/post)processor}
+% \begin{macro}[noindex]{\collargs(Append/Prepend)Expandable(Pre/Post)processor}
+% \begin{collargskey}[noprint]{append expandable preprocessor, prepend expandable preprocessor, append expandable postprocessor, prepend expandable postprocessor}
+% \begin{macro}[noprint]{\collargsAppendExpandablePreprocessor,\collargsPrependExpandablePreprocessor,\collargsAppendExpandablePostprocessor,\collargsPrependExpandablePostprocessor}
+% These keys
+% and macros simplify the definition of fully expandable processors. Note
+% that expandable processors are added to the same list as non-expandable
+% processors.
+\collargsSet{
+ append expandable preprocessor/.code={%
+ \collargsAppendExpandablePreprocessor{#1}},
+ prepend expandable preprocessor/.code={%
+ \collargsPrependExpandablePreprocessor{#1}},
+ append expandable postprocessor/.code={%
+ \collargsAppendExpandablePostprocessor{#1}},
+ prepend expandable postprocessor/.code={%
+ \collargsPrependExpandablePostprocessor{#1}},
+}
+\def\collargsAppendExpandablePreprocessor{%
+ \collargs@addeprocessor\appto\collargs@preprocess@arg}
+\def\collargsPrependExpandablePreprocessor{%
+ \collargs@addeprocessor\preto\collargs@preprocess@arg}
+\def\collargsAppendExpandablePostprocessor{%
+ \collargs@addeprocessor\appto\collargs@postprocess@arg}
+\def\collargsPrependExpandablePostprocessor{%
+ \collargs@addeprocessor\preto\collargs@postprocess@arg}
+\def\collargs@addeprocessor#1#2#3{%
+ #1#2{%
+ \expanded{%
+ \edef\noexpand\collargs@temp{\unexpanded{#3}{\the\collargsArg}}%
+ \unexpanded{\expandafter\collargsArg\expandafter{\collargs@temp}}%
+ }%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}[noindex]{(append/prepend) (pre/post)wrap}
+% \begin{macro}[noindex]{\collargs(Append/Prepend)(Pre/Post)wrap}
+% \begin{collargskey}[noprint]{append prewrap, prepend prewrap, append postwrap, prepend postwrap}
+% \begin{macro}[noprint]{\collargsAppendPrewrap,\collargsPrependPrewrap,\collargsAppendPostwrap,\collargsPrependPostwrap}
+% These keys and macros
+% simplify the definition of processors which yield the result after a
+% single expansion. Again, they are added to the same list as other
+% processors.
+\collargsSet{
+ append prewrap/.code={\collargsAppendPrewrap{#1}},
+ prepend prewrap/.code={\collargsPrependPrewrap{#1}},
+ append postwrap/.code={\collargsAppendPostwrap{#1}},
+ prepend postwrap/.code={\collargsPrependPostwrap{#1}},
+}
+\def\collargsAppendPrewrap{\collargs@addwrap\appto\collargs@preprocess@arg}
+\def\collargsPrependPrewrap{\collargs@addwrap\preto\collargs@preprocess@arg}
+\def\collargsAppendPostwrap{\collargs@addwrap\appto\collargs@postprocess@arg}
+\def\collargsPrependPostwrap{\collargs@addwrap\preto\collargs@postprocess@arg}
+\def\collargs@addwrap#1#2#3{%
+ #1#2{%
+ \long\def\collargs@temp##1{#3}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargsArg
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{%
+ \expandafter\collargs@temp\expandafter{\the\collargsArg}%
+ }%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}{no delimiters}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifcollargsNoDelimiters}
+% When this conditional is in effect, the
+% delimiter wrappers set by |\collargs@wrap| are ignored by
+% |\collargs@appendarg|.
+\collargsSet{%
+ no delimiters/.is if=collargsNoDelimiters,
+}
+\newif\ifcollargsNoDelimiters
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \subsubsection{The central loop}
+% \label{sec:code:collargs:central-loop}
+%
+% The central loop is where we grab the next \meta{token} from the argument
+% specification and execute the corresponding argument type or modifier
+% handler, |\collargs@|\meta{token}. The central loop consumes the argument
+% type \meta{token}; the handler will see the remainder of the argument
+% specification (which starts with the arguments to the argument type, if any,
+% e.g.\ by |()| of |d()|), followed by a dot, and then the tokens list from
+% which the arguments are to be collected. It is the responsibility of handler
+% to preserve the rest of the argument specification and reexecute the central
+% loop once it is finished.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@}
+% Each argument is processed in a group to allow for local settings. This
+% group is closed by |\collargs@appendarg|.
+\def\collargs@{%
+ \begingroup
+ \collargs@@@
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@@@}
+% This macro is where modifier handlers reenter the central loop --- we don't
+% want modifers to open a group, because their settings should remain in
+% effect until the next argument. Furthermore, modifiers do not trigger
+% category code fixes.
+\def\collargs@@@#1{%
+ \collargs@in@{#1}{&+!>.}%
+ \ifcollargs@in@
+ \expandafter\collargs@@@iii
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@@@i
+ \fi
+ #1%
+}
+\def\collargs@@@i#1.{%
+ % Fix the category code of the next argument token, if necessary, and then
+ % proceed with the main loop.
+ \collargs@fix{\collargs@@@ii#1.}%
+}
+% Reset the fix request and set the last verbatim conditionals to the current
+% state.
+\def\collargs@@@ii{%
+ \global\collargs@fix@requestedfalse
+ \global\let\ifcollargs@last@verbatim\ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \global\let\ifcollargs@last@verbatimbraces\ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+ \collargs@@@iii
+}
+% Call the modifier or argument type handler denoted by the first token of the
+% remainder of the argument specification.
+\def\collargs@@@iii#1{%
+ \ifcsname collargs@#1\endcsname
+ \csname collargs@#1\expandafter\endcsname
+ \else
+ % We throw an error if the token refers to no argument type or modifier.
+ \collargs@error@badtype{#1}%
+ \fi
+}
+% Throwing an error stops the processing of the argument specification, and
+% closes the group opened in |\collargs@i|.
+\def\collargs@error@badtype#1#2.{%
+ \PackageError{collargs}{Unknown xparse argument type or modifier "#1"
+ for "\expandafter\string\collargs@caller\space"}{}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% {\catcode`\&=11
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@&}
+% We extend the |xparse| syntax with modifier |&|, which applies the given
+% options to the following (and only the following) argument. If |&| is
+% followed by another |&|, the options are expected to occur in the raw
+% format, like the options given to |\CollectArgumentsRaw|. Otherwise, the
+% options should take the form of a keylist, which will be processed by
+% |\collargsSet|. In any case, the options should be given within the
+% argument specification, immediately following the (single or double) |&|.
+\csdef{collargs@&}{%
+ \futurelet\collargs@temp\collargs@amp@i
+}
+\def\collargs@amp@i{%
+ % In \hologo{ConTeXt}, |&| has character code ``other'' in the text.
+ %<!context>\ifx\collargs@temp&%
+ %<context>\expandafter\ifx\detokenize{&}\collargs@temp
+ \expandafter\collargs@amp@raw
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@amp@set
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@amp@raw#1#2{%
+ \collargs@verbatim@wrap{#2}%
+ \collargs@@@
+}
+\def\collargs@amp@set#1{%
+ \collargs@verbatim@wrap{\collargsSet{#1}}%
+ \collargs@@@
+}
+% \end{macro}}
+%
+% \begin{macro}[noindex]{\collargs@+}
+% \MyIndex{collargs@&plus;}{\texttt{\textbackslash collargs@+}}{main}
+% This modifier makes the next argument long, i.e.\ accept paragraph tokens.
+\csdef{collargs@+}{%
+ \collargs@longtrue
+ \collargs@@@
+}
+\newif\ifcollargs@long
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@>}
+% We can simply ignore the processor modifier. (This, |xparse|'s processor,
+% should not be confused with CollArgs's processors, which are set using
+% keys |append preprocessor| etc.)
+\csdef{collargs@>}#1{\collargs@@@}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}[noindex]{\collargs@!}
+% \MyIndex{collargs@&excl;}{\texttt{\textbackslash collargs@\exclamationmark}}{main}
+% Should we accept spaces before an optional argument following a mandatory
+% argument (\pkg{xparse} manual, \S1.1)? By default, yes. This modifier is
+% only applicable to types |d| and |t|, and derived types, but, unlike
+% |xparse|, we don't bother to enforce this; when used with other types, |!|
+% simply has no effect.
+\csdef{collargs@!}{%
+ \collargs@grabspacesfalse
+ \collargs@@@
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@toks}
+% This token register is where we store the collected argument tokens. All
+% assignments to this register are global, because it needs to survive the
+% groups opened for individual arguments.
+\newtoks\collargs@toks
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargsArg}
+% An auxiliary, but publicly available token register, used for processing
+% the argument, and by some argument type handlers.
+\newtoks\collargsArg
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@.}
+% This fake argument type is used to signal the end of the argument list.
+% Note that this really counts as an extension of the |xparse| argument
+% specification.
+\csdef{collargs@.}{%
+ % Close the group opened in |\collargs@|.
+ \endgroup
+ % Close the main |\CollectArguments| group, fix the category code of the next
+ % token if necessary, and execute the next-code, followed by the collected
+ % arguments in braces. Any over-grabbed spaces are reinserted into the input
+ % stream, non-verbatim.
+ \expanded{%
+ \endgroup
+ \noexpand\collargs@fix{%
+ \expandonce\collargs@next{\the\collargs@toks}%
+ \collargs@spaces
+ }%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsubsection{Auxiliary macros}
+% \label{sec:code:collargs:aux}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@appendarg}
+% This macro is used by the argument type
+% handlers to append the collected argument to the storage
+% (|\collargs@toks|).
+\long\def\collargs@appendarg#1{%
+ % Temporarily store the collected argument into a token register. The
+ % processors will manipulate the contents of this register.
+ \collargsArg={#1}%
+ % This will clear the double-fix conditional, and potentially request a
+ % normal, single fix. We can do this here because this macro is only called
+ % when something is actually collected. For details, see
+ % section~\ref{sec:code:collargs:fix}.
+ \ifcollargs@double@fix
+ \collargs@cancel@double@fix
+ \fi
+ % Process the argument with user-definable preprocessors, the wrapper defined
+ % by the argument type, and user-definable postprocessors.
+ \collargs@preprocess@arg
+ \ifcollargsNoDelimiters
+ \else
+ \collargs@process@arg
+ \fi
+ \collargs@postprocess@arg
+ % Append the processed argument, preceded by any grabbed spaces (in the
+ % correct mode), to the storage.
+ \xtoksapp\collargs@toks{\collargs@grabbed@spaces\the\collargsArg}%
+ % Initialize the space-grabber.
+ \collargs@init@grabspaces
+ % Once the argument was appended to the list, we can close its group, opened
+ % by |\collargs@|.
+ \endgroup
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@wrap}
+% This macro is used by argument type handlers to declare their delimiter
+% wrap, like square brackets around the optional argument of type |o|. It
+% uses |\collargs@addwrap|, defined in section~\ref{sec:code:collargs:keys},
+% but adds to |\collargs@process@arg|, which holds the delimiter wrapper
+% defined by the argument type handler. Note that this macro \emph{appends}
+% a wrapper, so multiple wrappers are allowed --- this is used by type |e|
+% handler.
+\def\collargs@wrap{\collargs@addwrap\appto\collargs@process@arg}
+\def\collargs@process@arg{}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@defcollector,\collargs@defusecollector,\collargs@letusecollector}
+% These macros streamline the usage of
+% the ``caller'' control sequence. They are like a |\def|, but should not
+% be given the control sequence to define, as they will automatically
+% define the control sequence residing in |\collargs@caller|; the usage is
+% thus |\collargs@defcollector<parameters>{<definition>}|. For example, if
+% |\collargs@caller| holds |\foo|, |\collargs@defcollector#1{(#1)}| is
+% equivalent to |\def\foo#1{(#1)}|. Macro |\collargs@defcollector| will
+% only define the caller control sequence to be the collector, while
+% |\collargs@defusecollector| will also immediately execute it.
+\def\collargs@defcollector#1#{%
+ \ifcollargs@long\long\fi
+ \expandafter\def\collargs@caller#1%
+}
+\def\collargs@defusecollector#1#{%
+ \afterassignment\collargs@caller
+ \ifcollargs@long\long\fi
+ \expandafter\def\collargs@caller#1%
+}
+\def\collargs@letusecollector#1{%
+ \expandafter\let\collargs@caller#1%
+ \collargs@caller
+}
+\newif\ifcollargs@grabspaces
+\collargs@grabspacestrue
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@init@grabspaces}
+% The space-grabber macro
+% |\collargs@grabspaces| should be initialized by executing this macro. If
+% |\collargs@grabspaces| is called twice without an intermediate
+% initialization, it will assume it is in the same position in the input
+% stream and simply bail out.
+\def\collargs@init@grabspaces{%
+ \gdef\collargs@gs@state{0}%
+ \gdef\collargs@spaces{}%
+ \gdef\collargs@otherspaces{}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@grabspaces}
+% This auxiliary macro grabs any following
+% spaces, and then executes the next-code given as the sole argument. The
+% spaces will be stored into two macros, |\collargs@spaces| and
+% |\collargs@otherspaces|, which store the spaces in the non-verbatim and the
+% verbatim form. With the double storage, we can grab the spaces in the
+% verbatim mode and use them non-verbatim, or vice versa. The macro takes a
+% single argument, the code to execute after maybe grabbing the spaces.
+%
+\def\collargs@grabspaces#1{%
+ \edef\collargs@gs@next{\unexpanded{#1}}%
+ \ifnum\collargs@gs@state=0
+ \gdef\collargs@gs@state{1}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@gs@i
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@gs@next
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@gs@i{%
+ \futurelet\collargs@temp\collargs@gs@g
+}
+% We check for grouping characters even in the verbatim mode, because we might
+% be in the partial verbatim.
+\def\collargs@gs@g{%
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@temp\bgroup
+ \expandafter\collargs@gs@next
+ \else
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@temp\egroup
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@gs@next
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@gs@ii
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@gs@ii{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \expandafter\collargs@gos@iii
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@gs@iii
+ \fi
+}
+% This works because the character code of a space token is always 32.
+\def\collargs@gs@iii{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\space\collargs@temp
+ \expandafter\collargs@gs@iv
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@gs@next
+ \fi
+}
+\expandafter\def\expandafter\collargs@gs@iv\space{%
+ \gappto\collargs@spaces{ }%
+ \xappto\collargs@otherspaces{\collargs@otherspace}%
+ \collargs@gs@i
+}
+% We need the space of category 12 above.
+\begingroup\catcode`\ =12\relax\gdef\collargs@otherspace{ }\endgroup
+\def\collargs@gos@iii#1{%
+ % Macro |\collargs@cc| recalls the ``outside'' category code of character
+ % |#1|; see section~\ref{sec:code:collargs:verbatim}.
+ \ifnum\collargs@cc{#1}=10
+ % We have a space.
+ \expandafter\collargs@gos@iv
+ \else
+ \ifnum\collargs@cc{#1}=5
+ % We have a newline.
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@gos@v
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@gs@next
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ #1%
+}
+\def\collargs@gos@iv#1{%
+ \gappto\collargs@otherspaces{#1}%
+ % No matter how many verbatim spaces we collect, they equal a single
+ % non-verbatim space.
+ \gdef\collargs@spaces{ }%
+ \collargs@gs@i
+}
+\def\collargs@gos@v{%
+ % Only add the first newline.
+ \ifnum\collargs@gs@state=2
+ \expandafter\collargs@gs@next
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@gs@vi
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@gs@vi#1{%
+ \gdef\collargs@gs@state{2}%
+ \gappto\collargs@otherspaces{#1}%
+ \gdef\collargs@spaces{ }%
+ \collargs@gs@i
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@maybegrabspaces}
+% This macro grabs any following spaces, but it will do so only when
+% conditional |\ifcollargs@grabspaces|, which can be \emph{un}set by modifier
+% |!|, is in effect. The macro is used by handlers for types |d| and |t|.
+\def\collargs@maybegrabspaces{%
+ \ifcollargs@grabspaces
+ \expandafter\collargs@grabspaces
+ \else
+ \expandafter\@firstofone
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@grabbed@spaces}
+% This macro expands to either the verbatim
+% or the non-verbatim variant of the grabbed spaces, depending on the
+% verbatim mode in effect at the time of expansion.
+\def\collargs@grabbed@spaces{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \collargs@otherspaces
+ \else
+ \collargs@spaces
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@reinsert@spaces}
+% Inserts the grabbed spaces back into the
+% input stream, but with the category code appropriate for the verbatim mode
+% then in effect. After the insertion, the space-grabber is initialized and
+% the given next-code is executed in front of the inserted spaces.
+\def\collargs@reinsert@spaces#1{%
+ \expanded{%
+ \unexpanded{%
+ \collargs@init@grabspaces
+ #1%
+ }%
+ \collargs@grabbed@spaces
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@ifnextcat}
+% An adaptation of |\pgf@keys@utilifnextchar|
+% which checks whether the \emph{category} code of the next non-space
+% character matches the category code of |#1|.
+\long\def\collargs@ifnextcat#1#2#3{%
+ \let\pgf@keys@utilreserved@d=#1%
+ \def\pgf@keys@utilreserved@a{#2}%
+ \def\pgf@keys@utilreserved@b{#3}%
+ \futurelet\pgf@keys@utillet@token\collargs@ifncat}
+\def\collargs@ifncat{%
+ \ifx\pgf@keys@utillet@token\pgf@keys@utilsptoken
+ \let\pgf@keys@utilreserved@c\collargsxifnch
+ \else
+ \ifcat\noexpand\pgf@keys@utillet@token\pgf@keys@utilreserved@d
+ \let\pgf@keys@utilreserved@c\pgf@keys@utilreserved@a
+ \else
+ \let\pgf@keys@utilreserved@c\pgf@keys@utilreserved@b
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \pgf@keys@utilreserved@c}
+{%
+ \def\:{\collargs@xifncat}
+ \expandafter\gdef\: {\futurelet\pgf@keys@utillet@token\collargs@ifncat}
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@forrange}
+% This macro executes macro |\collargs@do| for every integer from |#1| and
+% |#2|, both inclusive. |\collargs@do| should take a single parameter, the
+% current number.
+\def\collargs@forrange#1#2{%
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\collargs@forrange@i{\number#1}{\number#2}%
+ }%
+ }
+\def\collargs@forrange@i#1#2{%
+ \ifnum#1>#2 %
+ \expandafter\@gobble
+ \else
+ \expandafter\@firstofone
+ \fi
+ {%
+ \collargs@do{#1}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@forrange@i\expandafter{\number\numexpr#1+1\relax}{#2}%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@forranges}
+% This macro executes macro |\collargs@do| for every integer falling into the
+% ranges specified in |#1|. The ranges should be given as a comma-separated
+% list of |from-to| items, e.g.\ |1-5,10-11|.
+\def\collargs@forranges{\forcsvlist\collarg@forrange@i}
+\def\collarg@forrange@i#1{\collarg@forrange@ii#1-}
+\def\collarg@forrange@ii#1-#2-{\collargs@forrange{#1}{#2}}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@percentchar}
+% This macro holds the percent character of category 12.
+\begingroup
+\catcode`\%=12
+\gdef\collargs@percentchar{%}
+\endgroup
+% \end{macro}
+%
+%
+% \subsubsection{The handlers}
+% \label{sec:code:collargs:handlers}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@l}
+% We will first define the handler for the very funky argument type |l|,
+% which corresponds to \hologo{TeX}'s |\def\foo#1#{...}|, which grabs (into
+% |#1|) everything up to the first opening brace --- not because this type is
+% important or even recommended to use, but because the definition of the
+% handler is very simple, at least for the non-verbatim case.
+%
+\def\collargs@l#1.{%
+ % Any pre-grabbed spaces in fact belong into the argument.
+ \collargs@reinsert@spaces{\collargs@l@i#1.}%
+}
+\def\collargs@l@i{%
+ % We request a correction of the category code of the delimiting brace if the
+ % verbatim mode changes for the next argument; for details, see
+ % section~\ref{sec:code:collargs:fix}.
+ \global\collargs@fix@requestedtrue
+ % Most handlers will branch into the verbatim and the non-verbatim part using
+ % conditional |\ifcollargs@verbatim|. This handler is a bit special, because
+ % it needs to distinguish verbatim and non-verbatim \emph{braces}, and
+ % braces are verbatim only in the full verbatim mode, i.e.\ when
+ % |\ifcollargs@verbatimbraces| is true.
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+ \expandafter\collargs@l@verb
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@l@ii
+ \fi
+}
+% We grab the rest of the argument specification (|#1|), to be reinserted into
+% the token stream when we reexecute the central loop.
+\def\collargs@l@ii#1.{%
+ % In the non-verbatim mode, we merely have to define and execute the
+ % collector macro. The parameter text |##1##| (note the doubled hashes),
+ % which will put everything up to the first opening brace into the first
+ % argument, looks funky, but that's all.
+ \collargs@defusecollector##1##{%
+ % We append the collected argument, |##1|, to |\collargs@toks|, the token
+ % register holding the collected argument tokens.
+ \collargs@appendarg{##1}%
+ % Back to the central loop, with the rest of the argument specification
+ % reinserted.
+ \collargs@#1.%
+ }%
+}
+\def\collargs@l@verb#1.{%
+ % In the verbatim branch, we need to grab everything up to the first opening
+ % brace of category code 12, so we want to define the collector with
+ % parameter text |##1{|, with the opening brace of category 12. We have
+ % stored this token in macro |\collargs@other@bgroup|, which we now need to
+ % expand.
+ \expandafter\collargs@defusecollector
+ \expandafter##\expandafter1\collargs@other@bgroup{%
+ % Appending the argument works the same as in the non-verbatim case.
+ \collargs@appendarg{##1}%
+ % Reexecuting the central loop macro is a bit more involved, as we need to
+ % reinsert the verbatim opening brace (contrary to the regular brace above,
+ % the verbatim brace is consumed by the collector macro) back into the
+ % token stream, behind the reinserted argument specification.
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\collargs@\unexpanded{#1.}%
+ \collargs@other@bgroup
+ }%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@u}
+% Another weird type --- |u|\meta{tokens} reads everything up to the given
+% \meta{tokens}, i.e.\ this is \hologo{TeX}'s
+% |\def\foo#1|\meta{tokens}|{...}| --- but again, simple enough to allow us
+% to showcase solutions to two recurring problems.
+%
+% We start by branching into the verbatim mode (full or partial) or the
+% non-verbatim mode.
+\def\collargs@u{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \expandafter\collargs@u@verb
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@u@i
+ \fi
+}
+% To deal with the verbatim mode, we only need to convert the above
+% \meta{tokens} (i.e.\ the argument of |u| in the argument specification) to
+% category 12, i.e.\ we have to |\detokenize| them. Then, we may proceed as in
+% the non-verbatim branch, |\collargs@u@ii|.
+\def\collargs@u@verb#1{%
+ % The |\string| here is a temporary solution to a problem with spaces. Our
+ % verbatim mode has them of category ``other'', but |\detokenize| produces a
+ % space of category ``space'' behind control words. ^^A todo
+ \expandafter\collargs@u@i\expandafter{\detokenize\expandafter{\string#1}}%
+}
+% We then reinsert any pre-grabbed spaces into the stream, but we take care not
+% to destroy the braces around our delimiter in the argument specification.
+\def\collargs@u@i#1#2.{%
+ \collargs@reinsert@spaces{\collargs@u@ii{#1}#2.}%
+}
+\def\collargs@u@ii#1#2.{%
+ % |#1| contains the delimiter tokens, so |##1| below will receive everything
+ % in the token stream up to these. But we have a problem: if we defined the
+ % collector as for the non-verbatim |l|, and the delimiter happened to be
+ % preceded by a single brace group, we would lose the braces. For example,
+ % if the delimiter was |-| and we received |{foo}-|, we would collect |foo-|.
+ % We solve this problem by inserting |\collargs@empty| (with an empty
+ % definition) into the input stream (at the end of this macro) --- this way,
+ % the delimiter can never be preceded by a single brace group --- and then
+ % expanding it away before appending to storage (within the argument of
+ % |\collargs@defusecollector|).
+ \collargs@defusecollector##1#1{%
+ % Define the wrapper which will add the delimiter tokens (|#1|) after the
+ % collected argument. The wrapper will be applied during argument
+ % processing in |\collargs@appendarg| (sandwiched between used-definable
+ % pre- and post-processors).
+ \collargs@wrap{####1#1}%
+ % Expand the first token in |##1|, which we know to be |\collargs@empty|,
+ % with empty expansion.
+ \expandafter\collargs@appendarg\expandafter{##1}%
+ \collargs@#2.%
+ }%
+ % Insert |\collargs@empty| into the input stream, in front of the ``real''
+ % argument tokens.
+ \collargs@empty
+}
+\def\collargs@empty{}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@r}
+% Finally, a real argument type: required delimited argument.
+\def\collargs@r{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \expandafter\collargs@r@verb
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@r@i
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@r@verb#1#2{%
+ \expandafter\collargs@r@i\detokenize{#1#2}%
+}
+\def\collargs@r@i#1#2#3.{%
+ % We will need to use the |\collargs@empty| trick from type |u|, but with an
+ % additional twist: we need to insert it \emph{after} the opening delimiter
+ % |#1|. To do this, we consume the opening delimiter by the ``outer''
+ % collector below --- we need to use the collector so that we get a nice
+ % error message when the opening delimiter is not present --- and have this
+ % collector define the ``inner'' collector in the spirit of type |u|.
+ %
+ % The outer collector has no parameters, it just requires the presence of the
+ % opening delimiter.
+ \collargs@defcollector#1{%
+ % The inner collector will grab everything up to the closing delimiter.
+ \collargs@defusecollector####1#2{%
+ % Append the collected argument |####1| to the list, wrapping it into the
+ % delimiters (|#1| and |#2|), but not before expanding its first token,
+ % which we know to be |\collargs@empty|.
+ \collargs@wrap{#1########1#2}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@appendarg\expandafter{####1}%
+ \collargs@#3.%
+ }%
+ \collargs@empty
+ }%
+ % Another complication: our delimited argument may be preceded by spaces. To
+ % replicate the argument tokens faithfully, we need to collect them before
+ % trying to grab the argument itself.
+ \collargs@grabspaces\collargs@caller
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@R}
+% Discard the default and execute |r|.
+\def\collargs@R#1#2#3{\collargs@r#1#2}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@d}
+% Optional delimited argument. Very similar to |r|.
+\def\collargs@d{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \expandafter\collargs@d@verb
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@d@i
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@d@verb#1#2{%
+ \expandafter\collargs@d@i\detokenize{#1#2}%
+}
+\def\collargs@d@i#1#2#3.{%
+ % This macro will be executed when the optional argument is not present. It
+ % simply closes the argument's group and reexecutes the central loop.
+ \def\collargs@d@noopt{%
+ \global\collargs@fix@requestedtrue
+ \endgroup
+ \collargs@#3.%
+ }%
+ % The collector(s) are exactly as for |r|.
+ \collargs@defcollector#1{%
+ \collargs@defusecollector####1#2{%
+ \collargs@wrap{#1########1#2}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@appendarg\expandafter{####1}%
+ \collargs@#3.%
+ }%
+ \collargs@empty
+ }%
+ % This macro will check, in conjunction with |\futurelet| below, whether the
+ % optional argument is present or not.
+ \def\collargs@d@ii{%
+ \ifx#1\collargs@temp
+ \expandafter\collargs@caller
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@d@noopt
+ \fi
+ }%
+ % Whether spaces are allowed in front of this type of argument depends on the
+ % presence of modifier |!|.
+ \collargs@maybegrabspaces{\futurelet\collargs@temp\collargs@d@ii}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@D}
+% Discard the default and execute |d|.
+\def\collargs@D#1#2#3{\collargs@d#1#2}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@o}
+% |o| is just |d| with delimiters |[| and |]|.
+\def\collargs@o{\collargs@d[]}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@O}
+% |O| is just |d| with delimiters |[| and |]| and the discarded default.
+\def\collargs@O#1{\collargs@d[]}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@t}
+% An optional token. Similar to |d|.
+\def\collargs@t{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \expandafter\collargs@t@verb
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@t@i
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@t@space{ }
+\def\collargs@t@verb#1{%
+ \let\collargs@t@space\collargs@otherspace
+ \expandafter\collargs@t@i\expandafter{\detokenize{#1}}%
+}
+\def\collargs@t@i#1{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\space#1%
+ \expandafter\collargs@t@s
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@t@I\expandafter#1%
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@t@s#1.{%
+ \collargs@grabspaces{%
+ \ifcollargs@grabspaces
+ \collargs@appendarg{}%
+ \else
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\collargs@init@grabspaces
+ \noexpand\collargs@appendarg{\collargs@grabbed@spaces}%
+ }%
+ \fi
+ \collargs@#1.%
+ }%
+}
+\def\collargs@t@I#1#2.{%
+ \def\collargs@t@noopt{%
+ \global\collargs@fix@requestedtrue
+ \endgroup
+ \collargs@#2.%
+ }%
+ \def\collargs@t@opt##1{%
+ \collargs@appendarg{#1}%
+ \collargs@#2.%
+ }%
+ \def\collargs@t@ii{%
+ \ifx#1\collargs@temp
+ \expandafter\collargs@t@opt
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@t@noopt
+ \fi
+ }%
+ \collargs@maybegrabspaces{\futurelet\collargs@temp\collargs@t@ii}%
+}
+\def\collargs@t@opt@space{%
+ \expanded{\noexpand\collargs@t@opt{\space}\expandafter}\romannumeral-0%
+}%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@s}
+% The optional star is just a special case of |t|.
+\def\collargs@s{\collargs@t*}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@m}
+% Mandatory argument. Interestingly, here's where things get complicated,
+% because we have to take care of several \hologo{TeX} quirks.
+\def\collargs@m{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@verb
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@i
+ \fi
+}
+% The non-verbatim mode. First, collect any spaces in front of the argument.
+\def\collargs@m@i#1.{%
+ \collargs@grabspaces{\collargs@m@checkforgroup#1.}%
+}
+% Is the argument in braces or not?
+\def\collargs@m@checkforgroup#1.{%
+ \edef\collargs@action{\unexpanded{\collargs@m@checkforgroup@i#1.}}%
+ \futurelet\collargs@token\collargs@action
+}
+\def\collargs@m@checkforgroup@i{%
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@token\bgroup
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@group
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@token
+ \fi
+}
+% The argument is given in braces, so we put them back around it
+% (|\collargs@wrap|) when appending to the storage.
+\def\collargs@m@group#1.{%
+ \collargs@defusecollector##1{%
+ \collargs@wrap{{####1}}%
+ \collargs@appendarg{##1}%
+ \collargs@#1.%
+ }%
+}
+% The argument is a single token, we append it to the storage as is.
+\def\collargs@m@token#1.{%
+ \collargs@defusecollector##1{%
+ \collargs@appendarg{##1}%
+ \collargs@#1.%
+ }%
+}
+% The verbatim mode. Again, we first collect any spaces in front of the
+% argument.
+\def\collargs@m@verb#1.{%
+ \collargs@grabspaces{\collargs@m@verb@checkforgroup#1.}%
+}
+% We want to check whether we're dealing with a braced argument. We're in the
+% verbatim mode, but are braces verbatim as well? In other words, are we in
+% |verbatim| or |verb| mode? In the latter case, braces are regular, so we
+% redirect to the regular mode.
+\def\collargs@m@verb@checkforgroup{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@verb@checkforgroup@i
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@checkforgroup
+ \fi
+}
+% Is the argument in verbatim braces?
+\def\collargs@m@verb@checkforgroup@i#1.{%
+ \def\collargs@m@verb@checkforgroup@ii{\collargs@m@verb@checkforgroup@iii#1.}%
+ \futurelet\collargs@temp\collargs@m@verb@checkforgroup@ii
+}
+\def\collargs@m@verb@checkforgroup@iii#1.{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\collargs@other@bgroup\collargs@temp
+ % Yes, the argument is in (verbatim) braces.
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@verb@group
+ \else
+ % We need to manually check whether the following token is a (verbatim)
+ % closing brace, and throw an error if it is.
+ \expandafter\ifx\collargs@other@egroup\collargs@temp
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@m@verb@egrouperror
+ \else
+ % The argument is a single token.
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@m@v@token
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ #1.%
+}
+\def\collargs@m@verb@egrouperror#1.{%
+ \PackageError{collargs}{%
+ Argument of \expandafter\string\collargs@caller\space has an extra
+ \iffalse{\else\string}}{}%
+}
+% A single-token verbatim argument.
+\def\collargs@m@v@token#1.#2{%
+ % Is it a control sequence? (Macro |\collargs@cc| recalls the ``outside''
+ % category code of character |#1|; see
+ % section~\ref{sec:code:collargs:verbatim}.)
+ \ifnum\collargs@cc{#2}=0
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@v@token@cs
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@token
+ \fi
+ #1.#2%
+}
+% Is it a one-character control sequence?
+\def\collargs@m@v@token@cs#1.#2#3{%
+ \ifnum\collargs@cc{#3}=11
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@v@token@cs@letter
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@v@token@cs@nonletter
+ \fi
+ #1.#2#3%
+}
+% Store |\<token>|.
+\def\collargs@m@v@token@cs@nonletter#1.#2#3{%
+ \collargs@appendarg{#2#3}%
+ \collargs@#1.%
+}
+% Store |\| to a temporary register, we'll parse the control sequence name now.
+\def\collargs@m@v@token@cs@letter#1.#2{%
+ \collargsArg{#2}%
+ \def\collargs@tempa{#1}%
+ \collargs@m@v@token@cs@letter@i
+}
+% Append a letter to the control sequence.
+\def\collargs@m@v@token@cs@letter@i#1{%
+ \ifnum\collargs@cc{#1}=11
+ \toksapp\collargsArg{#1}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@v@token@cs@letter@i
+ \else
+ % Finish, returning the non-letter to the input stream.
+ \expandafter\collargs@m@v@token@cs@letter@ii\expandafter#1%
+ \fi
+}
+% Store the verbatim control sequence.
+\def\collargs@m@v@token@cs@letter@ii{%
+ \expanded{%
+ \unexpanded{%
+ \expandafter\collargs@appendarg\expandafter{\the\collargsArg}%
+ }%
+ \noexpand\collargs@\expandonce\collargs@tempa.%
+ }%
+}
+% The verbatim mandatory argument is delimited by verbatim braces. We have to
+% use the heavy machinery adapted from |cprotect|.
+\def\collargs@m@verb@group#1.#2{%
+ \let\collargs@begintag\collargs@other@bgroup
+ \let\collargs@endtag\collargs@other@egroup
+ \def\collargs@tagarg{}%
+ \def\collargs@commandatend{\collargs@m@verb@group@i#1.}%
+ \collargs@readContent
+}
+% This macro appends the result given by the heavy machinery, waiting for us in
+% macro |\collargsArg|, to |\collargs@toks|, but not before dressing
+% it up (via |\collargs@wrap|) in a pair of verbatim braces.
+\def\collargs@m@verb@group@i{%
+ \edef\collargs@temp{%
+ \collargs@other@bgroup\unexpanded{##1}\collargs@other@egroup}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@wrap\expandafter{\collargs@temp}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@appendarg\expandafter{\the\collargsArg}%
+ \collargs@
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@g}
+% An optional group: same as |m|, but we simply bail out if we don't find the
+% group character.
+\def\collargs@g{%
+ \def\collargs@m@token{%
+ \global\collargs@fix@requestedtrue
+ \endgroup
+ \collargs@
+ }%
+ \let\collargs@m@v@token\collargs@m@token
+ \collargs@m
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@G}
+% Discard the default and execute |g|.
+\def\collargs@G#1{\collargs@g}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@v}
+% Verbatim argument. The code is executed in the group, deploying
+% |\collargsVerbatim|. The grouping characters are always set to braces, to
+% mimick |xparse| perfectly.
+\def\collargs@v#1.{%
+ \begingroup
+ \collargsBraces{{}}%
+ \collargsVerbatim
+ \collargs@grabspaces{\collargs@v@i#1.}%
+}
+\def\collargs@v@i#1.#2{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\collargs@other@bgroup#2%
+ % If the first token we see is an opening brace, use the |cprotect|
+ % adaptation to grab the group.
+ \let\collargs@begintag\collargs@other@bgroup
+ \let\collargs@endtag\collargs@other@egroup
+ \def\collargs@tagarg{}%
+ \def\collargs@commandatend{%
+ \edef\collargs@temp{%
+ \collargs@other@bgroup\unexpanded{####1}\collargs@other@egroup}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@wrap\expandafter{\collargs@temp}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@appendarg\expandafter{\the\collargsArg}%
+ \endgroup
+ \collargs@#1.%
+ }%
+ \expandafter\collargs@readContent
+ \else
+ % Otherwise, the verbatim argument is delimited by two identical characters
+ % (|#2|).
+ \collargs@defcollector##1#2{%
+ \collargs@wrap{#2####1#2}%
+ \collargs@appendarg{##1}%
+ \endgroup
+ \collargs@#1.%
+ }%
+ \expandafter\collargs@caller
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@b}
+% Environments. Here's where all hell breaks loose. We survive by adapting
+% some code from Bruno Le Floch's |cprotect|. We first define the
+% environment-related keys, then provide the handler code, and finish with
+% the adaptation of |cprotect|'s environment-grabbing code.
+%
+% The argument type |b| token may be followed by a braced environment name
+% (in the argument specification).
+\def\collargs@b{%
+ \collargs@ifnextcat\bgroup\collargs@bg\collargs@bi
+}
+\def\collargs@bg#1{%
+ \edef\collargs@b@envname{#1}%
+ \collargs@bi
+}
+\def\collargs@bi#1.{%
+ % Convert the environment name to verbatim if necessary.
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \edef\collargs@b@envname{\detokenize\expandafter{\collargs@b@envname}}%
+ \fi
+ % This is a format-specific macro which sets up |\collargs@begintag| and
+ % |\collargs@endtag|.
+ \collargs@bi@defCPTbeginend
+ \edef\collargs@tagarg{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+ \else
+ \ifcollargsIgnoreOtherTags
+ \collargs@b@envname
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ }%
+ % Run this after collecting the body.
+ \def\collargs@commandatend{%
+ % In \hologo{LaTeX}, we might, depending on the verbatim mode, need to
+ % check whether the environment name is correct.
+ %<latex>\collargs@bii
+ % In \hologo{plainTeX} and \hologo{ConTeXt}, we can skip directly to
+ % |\collargs@biii|.
+ %<plain,context>\collargs@biii
+ #1.%
+ }%
+ % Collect the environment body, but first, put any grabbed spaces back into
+ % the input stream.
+ \collargs@reinsert@spaces\collargs@readContent
+}
+%<*latex>
+% In \hologo{LaTeX} in the regular and the partial verbatim mode, we search for
+% |\begin|\slash|\end| --- as we cannot search for braces --- either as control
+% sequences in the regular mode, or as strings in the partial verbatim
+% mode. (After search, we will have to check whether the argument of
+% |\begin|\slash|\end| matches our environment name.) In the full verbatim
+% mode, we can search for the entire string |\begin|\slash|\end|\marg{name}.
+\def\collargs@bi@defCPTbeginend{%
+ \edef\collargs@begintag{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \expandafter\string
+ \else
+ \expandafter\noexpand
+ \fi
+ \begin
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+ \collargs@other@bgroup\collargs@b@envname\collargs@other@egroup
+ \fi
+ }%
+ \edef\collargs@endtag{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \expandafter\string
+ \else
+ \expandafter\noexpand
+ \fi
+ \end
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+ \collargs@other@bgroup\collargs@b@envname\collargs@other@egroup
+ \fi
+ }%
+}
+%</latex>
+%<*plain,context>
+% We can search for the entire |\|\meta{name}\slash|\end|\meta{name} (in
+% \hologo{TeX}) or |\start|\meta{name}\slash|\stop|\meta{name} (in
+% \hologo{ConTeXt}), either as a control sequence (in the regular mode), or as
+% a string (in the verbatim modes).
+\def\collargs@bi@defCPTbeginend{%
+ \edef\collargs@begintag{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\string
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\noexpand
+ \fi
+ \csname
+ %<context>start%
+ \collargs@b@envname
+ \endcsname
+ }%
+ \edef\collargs@endtag{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\string
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\noexpand
+ \fi
+ \csname
+ %<plain>end%
+ %<context>stop%
+ \collargs@b@envname
+ \endcsname
+ }%
+}
+%</plain,context>
+%<*latex>
+% Check whether we're in front of the (braced) environment name (in
+% \hologo{LaTeX}), and consume it.
+\def\collargs@bii{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+ \expandafter\collargs@biii
+ \else
+ \ifcollargsIgnoreOtherTags
+ % We shouldn't check the name in this case, because it was already
+ % checked, and consumed.
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@biii
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@b@checkend
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@b@checkend#1.{%
+ \collargs@grabspaces{\collargs@b@checkend@i#1.}%
+}
+\def\collargs@b@checkend@i#1.#2{%
+ \def\collargs@temp{#2}%
+ \ifx\collargs@temp\collargs@b@envname
+ \else
+ \collargs@b@checkend@error
+ \fi
+ \collargs@biii#1.%
+}
+\def\collargs@b@checkend@error{%
+ \PackageError{collargs}{Environment "\collargs@b@envname" ended as
+ "\collargs@temp"}{}%
+}
+%</latex>
+% This macro stores the collected body.
+\def\collargs@biii{%
+ % Define the wrapper macro (|\collargs@temp|).
+ \collargs@b@def@wrapper
+ % Execute |\collargs@appendarg| to append the body to the list. Expand the
+ % wrapper in |\collargs@temp| first and the body in |\collargsArg| next.
+ \expandafter\collargs@appendarg\expandafter{\the\collargsArg}%
+ % Reexecute the central loop.
+ \collargs@
+}
+\def\collargs@b@def@wrapper{%
+ %<latex>\edef\collargs@temp{{\collargs@b@envname}}%
+ \edef\collargs@temp{%
+ % Was the begin-tag requested?
+ \ifcollargsBeginTag
+ % |\collargs@begintag| is already adapted to the format and the verbatim mode.
+ \expandonce\collargs@begintag
+ % Add the braced environment name in \hologo{LaTeX} in the regular and
+ % partial verbatim mode.
+ %
+ %<*latex>
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces\else\collargs@temp\fi
+ %</latex>
+ \fi
+ % This is the body.
+ ####1%
+ % Rinse and repeat for the end-tag.
+ \ifcollargsEndTag
+ \expandonce\collargs@endtag
+ %<*latex>
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces\else\collargs@temp\fi
+ %</latex>
+ \fi
+ }%
+ \expandafter\collargs@wrap\expandafter{\collargs@temp}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@readContent}
+% This macro, which is an adaptation of
+% \texttt{cprotect}'s environment-grabbing code, collects some delimited
+% text, leaving the result in |\collargsArg|. Before calling it, one must
+% define the following macros: |\collargs@begintag| and |\collargs@endtag|
+% are the content delimiters; |\collargs@tagarg|, if non-empty, is the token
+% or grouped text which must follow a delimiter to be taken into account;
+% |\collargs@commandatend| is the command that will be executed once the
+% content is collected.
+\def\collargs@readContent{%
+ % Define macro which will search for the first begin-tag.
+ \ifcollargs@long\long\fi
+ \collargs@CPT@def\collargs@gobbleOneB\collargs@begintag{%
+ % Assign the collected tokens into a register. The first token in |##1|
+ % will be |\collargs@empty|, so we expand to get rid of it.
+ \expandafter\toks@\expandafter{##1}%
+ % |cprotect| simply grabs the token following the |\collargs@begintag| with
+ % a parameter. We can't do this, because we need the code to work in the
+ % non-verbatim mode, as well, and we might stumble upon a brace there. So
+ % we take a peek.
+ \futurelet\collargs@temp\collargs@gobbleOneB@i
+ }%
+ % Define macro which will search for the first end-tag. We make it long if
+ % so required (by |+|).
+ \ifcollargs@long\long\fi
+ \collargs@CPT@def\collargs@gobbleUntilE\collargs@endtag{%
+ % Expand |\collargs@empty| at the start of |##1|.
+ \expandafter\toksapp\expandafter\toks@\expandafter{##1}%
+ \collargs@gobbleUntilE@i
+ }%
+ % Initialize.
+ \collargs@begins=0\relax
+ \collargsArg{}%
+ \toks@{}%
+ % We will call |\collargs@gobbleUntilE| via the caller control sequence.
+ \collargs@letusecollector\collargs@gobbleUntilE
+ % We insert |\collargs@empty| to avoid the potential debracing problem.
+ \collargs@empty
+}
+% How many begin-tags do we have opened?
+\newcount\collargs@begins
+% An auxiliary macro which |\def|s |#1| so that it will grab everything up
+% until |#2|. Additional parameters may be present before the definition.
+\def\collargs@CPT@def#1#2{%
+ \expandafter\def\expandafter#1%
+ \expandafter##\expandafter1#2%
+}
+% A quark quard.
+\def\collargs@qend{\collargs@qend}
+% This macro will collect the ``environment'', leaving the result in
+% |\collargsArg|. It expects |\collargs@begintag|, |\collargs@endtag| and
+% |\collargs@commandatend| to be set.
+\def\collargs@gobbleOneB@i{%
+ \def\collargs@begins@increment{1}%
+ \ifx\collargs@qend\collargs@temp
+ % We have reached the fake begin-tag. Note that we found the end-tag.
+ \def\collargs@begins@increment{-1}%
+ % Gobble the quark guard.
+ \expandafter\collargs@gobbleOneB@v
+ \else
+ % Append the real begin-tag to the temporary tokens.
+ \etoksapp\toks@{\expandonce\collargs@begintag}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@gobbleOneB@ii
+ \fi
+}%
+% Do we have to check the tag argument (i.e.\ the environment name after |\begin|)?
+\def\collargs@gobbleOneB@ii{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\expandafter\relax\collargs@tagarg\relax
+ \expandafter\collargs@gobbleOneB@vi
+ \else
+ % Yup, so let's (carefully) collect the tag argument.
+ \expandafter\collargs@gobbleOneB@iii
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@gobbleOneB@iii{%
+ \collargs@grabspaces{%
+ \collargs@letusecollector\collargs@gobbleOneB@iv
+ }%
+}
+\def\collargs@gobbleOneB@iv#1{%
+ \def\collargs@temp{#1}%
+ \ifx\collargs@temp\collargs@tagarg
+ % This is the tag argument we've been waiting for!
+ \else
+ % Nope, this |\begin| belongs to someone else.
+ \def\collargs@begins@increment{0}%
+ \fi
+ % Whatever the result was, we have to append the gobbled group to the
+ % temporary toks.
+ \etoksapp\toks@{\collargs@grabbed@spaces\unexpanded{{#1}}}%
+ \collargs@init@grabspaces
+ \collargs@gobbleOneB@vi
+}
+\def\collargs@gobbleOneB@v#1{\collargs@gobbleOneB@vi}
+\def\collargs@gobbleOneB@vi{%
+ % Store.
+ \etoksapp\collargsArg{\the\toks@}%
+ % Advance the begin-tag counter.
+ \advance\collargs@begins\collargs@begins@increment\relax
+ % Find more begin-tags, unless this was the final one.
+ \ifnum\collargs@begins@increment=-1
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@gobbleOneB\expandafter\collargs@empty
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@gobbleUntilE@i{%
+ % Do we have to check the tag argument (i.e.\ the environment name after |\end|)?
+ \expandafter\ifx\expandafter\relax\collargs@tagarg\relax
+ \expandafter\collargs@gobbleUntilE@iv
+ \else
+ % Yup, so let's (carefully) collect the tag argument.
+ \expandafter\collargs@gobbleUntilE@ii
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@gobbleUntilE@ii{%
+ \collargs@grabspaces{%
+ \collargs@letusecollector\collargs@gobbleUntilE@iii
+ }%
+}
+\def\collargs@gobbleUntilE@iii#1{%
+ \etoksapp\toks@{\collargs@grabbed@spaces}%
+ \collargs@init@grabspaces
+ \def\collargs@tempa{#1}%
+ \ifx\collargs@tempa\collargs@tagarg
+ % This is the tag argument we've been waiting for!
+ \expandafter\collargs@gobbleUntilE@iv
+ \else
+ % Nope, this |\end| belongs to someone else. Insert the end tag plus the
+ % tag argument, and collect until the next |\end|.
+ \expandafter\toksapp\expandafter\toks@\expandafter{\collargs@endtag{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@letusecollector\expandafter\collargs@gobbleUntilE
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@gobbleUntilE@iv{%
+ % Invoke |\collargs@gobbleOneB| with the collected material, plus a fake
+ % begin-tag and a quark guard.
+ \ifcollargsIgnoreNesting
+ \expandafter\collargsArg\expandafter{\the\toks@}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@commandatend
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@gobbleUntilE@v
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@gobbleUntilE@v{%
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\collargs@letusecollector\noexpand\collargs@gobbleOneB
+ \noexpand\collargs@empty
+ \the\toks@
+ % Add a fake begin-tag and a quark guard.
+ \expandonce\collargs@begintag
+ \noexpand\collargs@qend
+ }%
+ \ifnum\collargs@begins<0
+ \expandafter\collargs@commandatend
+ \else
+ \etoksapp\collargsArg{%
+ \expandonce\collargs@endtag
+ \expandafter\ifx\expandafter\relax\collargs@tagarg\relax\else{%
+ \expandonce\collargs@tagarg}\fi
+ }%
+ \toks@={}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@letusecollector\expandafter\collargs@gobbleUntilE
+ \expandafter\collargs@empty
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@e}
+% Embellishments. Each embellishment counts as an argument, in the sense
+% that we will execute |\collargs@appendarg|, with all the processors, for
+% each embellishment separately.
+\def\collargs@e{%
+ % We open an extra group, because |\collargs@appendarg| will close a group
+ % for each embellishment.
+ \global\collargs@fix@requestedtrue
+ \begingroup
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \expandafter\collargs@e@verbatim
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@e@i
+ \fi
+}
+% Detokenize the embellishment tokens in the verbatim mode.
+\def\collargs@e@verbatim#1{%
+ \expandafter\collargs@e@i\expandafter{\detokenize{#1}}%
+}
+% Ungroup the embellishment tokens, separating them from the rest of the
+% argument specification by a dot.
+\def\collargs@e@i#1{\collargs@e@ii#1.}
+% We now have embellishment tokens in |#1| and the rest of the argument
+% specification in |#2|. Let's grab spaces first.
+\def\collargs@e@ii#1.#2.{%
+ \collargs@grabspaces{\collargs@e@iii#1.#2.}%
+}
+% What's the argument token?
+\def\collargs@e@iii#1.#2.{%
+ \def\collargs@e@iv{\collargs@e@v#1.#2.}%
+ \futurelet\collargs@temp\collargs@e@iv
+}
+% If it is a open or close group character, we surely don't have an
+% embellishment.
+\def\collargs@e@v{%
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@temp\bgroup\relax
+ \let\collargs@marshal\collargs@e@z
+ \else
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@temp\egroup\relax
+ \let\collargs@marshal\collargs@e@z
+ \else
+ \let\collargs@marshal\collargs@e@vi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \collargs@marshal
+}
+% We borrow the ``Does |#1| occur within |#2|?'' macro from |pgfutil-common|,
+% but we fix it by executing |\collargs@in@@| in a braced group. This will
+% prevent an |&| in an argument to function as an alignment character; the
+% minor price to pay is that we assign the conditional globally.
+\newif\ifcollargs@in@
+\def\collargs@in@#1#2{%
+ \def\collargs@in@@##1#1##2##3\collargs@in@@{%
+ \ifx\collargs@in@##2\global\collargs@in@false\else\global\collargs@in@true\fi
+ }%
+ {\collargs@in@@#2#1\collargs@in@\collargs@in@@}%
+}
+% Let' see whether the following token, now |#3|, is an embellishment token.
+\def\collargs@e@vi#1.#2.#3{%
+ \collargs@in@{#3}{#1}%
+ \ifcollargs@in@
+ \expandafter\collargs@e@vii
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@e@z
+ \fi
+ #1.#2.#3%
+}
+% |#3| is the current embellishment token. We'll collect its argument using
+% |\collargs@m|, but to do that, we have to (locally) redefine
+% |\collargs@appendarg| and |\collargs@|, which get called by |\collargs@m|.
+\def\collargs@e@vii#1.#2.#3{%
+ % We'll have to execute the original |\collargs@appendarg| later, so let's
+ % remember it. The temporary |\collargs@appendarg| simply stores the
+ % collected argument into |\collargsArg| --- we'll do the processing etc.\
+ % later.
+ \let\collargs@real@appendarg\collargs@appendarg
+ \def\collargs@appendarg##1{\collargsArg{##1}}%
+ % Once |\collargs@m| is done, it will call the redefined |\collargs@| and
+ % thereby get us back into this handler.
+ \def\collargs@{\collargs@e@viii#1.#3}%
+ \collargs@m#2.%
+}
+% The parameters here are as follows. |#1| are the embellishment tokens, and
+% |#2| is the current embellishment token; these get here via our local
+% redefinition of |\collargs@| in |\collargs@e@vii|. |#3| are the rest of the
+% argument specification, which is put behind control sequence |\collargs@| by
+% the |m| handler.
+\def\collargs@e@viii#1.#2#3.{%
+ % Our wrapper puts the current embellishment token in front of the collected
+ % embellishment argument. Note that if the embellishment argument was in
+ % braces, |\collargs@m| has already set one wrapper (which will apply first).
+ \collargs@wrap{#2##1}%
+ % We need to get rid of the current embellishment from embellishments, not to
+ % catch the same embellishment twice.
+ \def\collargs@e@ix##1#2{\collargs@e@x##1}%
+ \collargs@e@ix#1.#3.%
+}
+% When this is executed, the input stream starts with the (remaining)
+% embellishment tokens, followed by a dot, then the rest of the argument
+% specification, also followed by a dot.
+\def\collargs@e@x{%
+ % Process the argument and append it to the storage.
+ \expandafter\collargs@real@appendarg\expandafter{\the\collargsArg}%
+ % |\collargs@real@appendarg| has closed a group, so we open it again, and
+ % start looking for another embellishment token in the input stream.
+ \begingroup
+ \collargs@e@ii
+}
+% The first argument token in not an embellishment token. We finish by
+% consuming the list of embellishment tokens, closing the two groups opened by
+% this handler, and reexecuting the central loop.
+\def\collargs@e@z#1.{\endgroup\endgroup\collargs@}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@E}
+% Discard the defaults and execute |e|.
+\def\collargs@E#1#2{\collargs@e{#1}}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+%
+% \subsubsection{The verbatim modes}
+% \label{sec:code:collargs:verbatim}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargsVerbatim,\collargsVerb,\collargsNoVerbatim}
+% These macros set the two verbatim-related
+% conditionals, |\ifcollargs@verbatim| and |\ifcollargs@verbatimbraces|,
+% and then call |\collargs@make@verbatim| to effect the requested
+% category code changes (among other things). A group should be opened
+% prior to executing either of them. After execution, they are
+% redefined to minimize the effort needed to enter into another mode in
+% an embedded group. Below, we first define all the possible transitions.
+\let\collargs@NoVerbatimAfterNoVerbatim\relax
+\def\collargs@VerbAfterNoVerbatim{%
+ \collargs@verbatimtrue
+ \collargs@verbatimbracesfalse
+ \collargs@make@verbatim
+ \collargs@after{Verb}%
+}
+\def\collargs@VerbatimAfterNoVerbatim{%
+ \collargs@verbatimtrue
+ \collargs@verbatimbracestrue
+ \collargs@make@verbatim
+ \collargs@after{Verbatim}%
+}
+\def\collargs@NoVerbatimAfterVerb{%
+ \collargs@verbatimfalse
+ \collargs@verbatimbracesfalse
+ \collargs@make@other@groups
+ \collargs@make@no@verbatim
+ \collargs@after{NoVerbatim}%
+}
+\def\collargs@VerbAfterVerb{%
+ \collargs@make@other@groups
+}
+\def\collargs@VerbatimAfterVerb{%
+ \collargs@verbatimbracestrue
+ \collargs@make@other@groups
+ % Process the lists of grouping characters, created by
+ % |\collargs@make@verbatim|, making these characters of category ``other''.
+ \def\collargs@do##1{\catcode##1=12 }%
+ \collargs@bgroups
+ \collargs@egroups
+ \collargs@after{Verbatim}%
+}%
+\let\collargs@NoVerbatimAfterVerbatim\collargs@NoVerbatimAfterVerb
+\def\collargs@VerbAfterVerbatim{%
+ \collargs@verbatimbracesfalse
+ \collargs@make@other@groups
+ % Process the lists of grouping characters, created by
+ % |\collargs@make@verbatim|, making these characters be of their normal
+ % category.
+ \def\collargs@do##1{\catcode##1=1 }%
+ \collargs@bgroups
+ \def\collargs@do##1{\catcode##1=2 }%
+ \collargs@egroups
+ \collargs@after{Verb}%
+}%
+\let\collargs@VerbatimAfterVerbatim\collargs@VerbAfterVerb
+% This macro expects |#1| to be the mode just entered (|Verbatim|, |Verb| or
+% |NoVerbatim|), and points macros |\collargsVerbatim|, |\collargsVerb| and
+% |\collargsNoVerbatim| to the appropriate transition macro.
+\def\collargs@after#1{%
+ \letcs\collargsVerbatim{collargs@VerbatimAfter#1}%
+ \letcs\collargsVerb{collargs@VerbAfter#1}%
+ \letcs\collargsNoVerbatim{collargs@NoVerbatimAfter#1}%
+}
+% The first transition is always from the non-verbatim mode.
+\collargs@after{NoVerbatim}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@bgroups,\collargs@egroups}
+% Initialize the lists of the current grouping characters used in the
+% redefinitions of macros |\collargsVerbatim| and |\collargsVerb| above.
+% Each entry is of form |\collargs@do|\marg{character code}. These lists
+% will be populated by |\collargs@make@verbatim|. They may be local, as they
+% only used within the group opened for a verbatim environment.
+\def\collargs@bgroups{}%
+\def\collargs@egroups{}%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@cc}
+% This macro recalls the category code of character |#1|. In
+% \hologo{LuaTeX}, we simply look up the category code in the original
+% category code table; in other engines, we have stored the original category
+% code into |\collargs@cc@|\meta{character code} by
+% |\collargs@make@verbatim|. (Note that |#1| is a character, not a number.)
+\ifdefined\luatexversion
+ \def\collargs@cc#1{%
+ \directlua{tex.sprint(tex.getcatcode(\collargs@catcodetable@original,
+ \the\numexpr\expandafter`\csname#1\endcsname\relax))}%
+ }
+\else
+ \def\collargs@cc#1{%
+ \ifcsname collargs@cc@\the\numexpr\expandafter`\csname#1\endcsname\endcsname
+ \csname collargs@cc@\the\numexpr\expandafter`\csname#1\endcsname\endcsname
+ \else
+ 12%
+ \fi
+ }
+\fi
+% \end{macro}
+%
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@other@bgroup,\collargs@other@egroup,\collargsBraces}
+% Macros |\collargs@other@bgroup| and
+% |\collargs@other@egroup| hold the characters of category code ``other''
+% which will play the role of grouping characters in the full verbatim mode.
+% They are usually defined when entering a verbatim mode in
+% |\collargs@make@verbatim|, but may be also set by the user via
+% |\collargsBraces| (it is not even necessary to select characters which
+% indeed have the grouping function in the outside category code regime).
+% The setting process is indirect: executing |\collargsBraces| merely sets
+% |\collargs@make@other@groups|, which gets executed by the subsequent
+% |\collargsVerbatim|, |\collargsVerb| or |\collargsNoVerbatim| (either
+% directly or via |\collargs@make@verbatim|).
+\def\collargsBraces#1{%
+ \expandafter\collargs@braces@i\detokenize{#1}\relax
+}
+\def\collargs@braces@i#1#2#3\relax{%
+ \def\collargs@make@other@groups{%
+ \def\collargs@other@bgroup{#1}%
+ \def\collargs@other@egroup{#2}%
+ }%
+}
+\def\collargs@make@other@groups{}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@catcodetable@verbatim,\catcodetable@atletter,\collargs@catcodetable@initex}
+% We declare several new catcode tables in \hologo{LuaTeX}, the most
+% important one being |\collargs@catcodetable@verbatim|, where all characters
+% have category code 12. We only need the other two tables in some formats:
+% |\collargs@catcodetable@atletter| holds the catcode in effect at the time
+% of loading the package, and |\collargs@catcodetable@initex| is the
+% \hologo{iniTeX} table.
+\ifdefined\luatexversion
+ %<*latex,context>
+ \newcatcodetable\collargs@catcodetable@verbatim
+ %<latex>\let\collargs@catcodetable@atletter\catcodetable@atletter
+ %<context>\newcatcodetable\collargs@catcodetable@atletter
+ %</latex,context>
+ %<*plain>
+ \ifdefined\collargs@catcodetable@verbatim\else
+ \chardef\collargs@catcodetable@verbatim=4242
+ \fi
+ \chardef\collargs@catcodetable@atletter=%
+ \number\numexpr\collargs@catcodetable@verbatim+1\relax
+ \chardef\collargs@catcodetable@initex=%
+ \number\numexpr\collargs@catcodetable@verbatim+2\relax
+ \initcatcodetable\collargs@catcodetable@initex
+ %</plain>
+ %<plain,context>\savecatcodetable\collargs@catcodetable@atletter
+ \begingroup
+ \@firstofone{%
+ %<latex>\catcodetable\catcodetable@initex
+ %<plain>\catcodetable\collargs@catcodetable@initex
+ %<context>\catcodetable\inicatcodes
+ \catcode`\\=12
+ \catcode13=12
+ \catcode0=12
+ \catcode32=12
+ \catcode`\%=12
+ \catcode127=12
+ \def\collargs@do#1{\catcode#1=12 }%
+ \collargs@forrange{`\a}{`\z}%
+ \collargs@forrange{`\A}{`\Z}%
+ \savecatcodetable\collargs@catcodetable@verbatim
+ \endgroup
+ }%
+\fi
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{collargskey}{verbatim ranges}
+% \begin{macro}{\collargsVerbatimRanges,\collargs@verbatim@ranges}
+% This key and macro set the character ranges to which the verbatim mode
+% will apply (in \hologo{pdfTeX} and \hologo{XeTeX}), or which will be
+% inspected for grouping and comment characters (in \hologo{LuaTeX}). In
+% \hologo{pdfTeX}, the default value |0-255| should really remain
+% unchanged.
+\collargsSet{
+ verbatim ranges/.store in=\collargs@verbatim@ranges,
+}
+\def\collargsVerbatimRanges#1{\def\collargs@verbatim@ranges{#1}}
+\def\collargs@verbatim@ranges{0-255}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{collargskey}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@make@verbatim}
+% This macro changes the category code of all characters to ``other'' ---
+% except the grouping characters in the partial verbatim mode. While doing
+% that, it also stores (unless we're in \hologo{LuaTeX}) the current category
+% codes into |\collargs@cc@|\meta{character code} (easily recallable by
+% |\collargs@cc|), redefines the ``primary'' grouping characters
+% |\collargs@make@other@bgroup| and |\collargs@make@other@egroup| if
+% necessary, and ``remembers'' the grouping characters (storing them into
+% |\collargs@bgroups| and |\collargs@egroups|) and the comment characters
+% (storing them into |\collargs@comments|).
+%
+% In \hologo{LuaTeX}, we can use catcode tables, so we change the category
+% codes by switching to category code table
+% |\collargs@catcodetable@verbatim|. In other engines, we have to change the
+% codes manually. In order to offer some flexibility in \hologo{XeTeX}, we
+% perform the change for characters in |verbatim ranges|.
+\ifdefined\luatexversion
+ \def\collargs@make@verbatim{%
+ \directlua{%
+ for from, to in string.gmatch(
+ "\luaescapestring{\collargs@verbatim@ranges}",
+ "(\collargs@percentchar d+)-(\collargs@percentchar d+)"
+ ) do
+ for char = tex.round(from), tex.round(to) do
+ catcode = tex.catcode[char]
+ % For category codes 1, 2 and 14, we have to call macros
+ % |\collargs@make@verbatim@bgroup|, |\collargs@make@verbatim@egroup|
+ % and |\collargs@make@verbatim@comment|, same as for engines other
+ % than \hologo{LuaTeX}.
+ if catcode == 1 then
+ tex.sprint(
+ \number\collargs@catcodetable@atletter,
+ "\noexpand\\collargs@make@verbatim@bgroup{" .. char .. "}")
+ elseif catcode == 2 then
+ tex.sprint(
+ \number\collargs@catcodetable@atletter,
+ "\noexpand\\collargs@make@verbatim@egroup{" .. char .. "}")
+ elseif catcode == 14 then
+ tex.sprint(
+ \number\collargs@catcodetable@atletter,
+ "\noexpand\\collargs@make@verbatim@comment{" .. char .. "}")
+ end
+ end
+ end
+ }%
+ \edef\collargs@catcodetable@original{\the\catcodetable}%
+ \catcodetable\collargs@catcodetable@verbatim
+ % Even in \hologo{LuaTeX}, we switch between the verbatim braces regimes by
+ % hand.
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+ \else
+ \def\collargs@do##1{\catcode##1=1\relax}%
+ \collargs@bgroups
+ \def\collargs@do##1{\catcode##1=2\relax}%
+ \collargs@egroups
+ \fi
+ }
+\else
+ % The non-\hologo{LuaTeX} version:
+ \def\collargs@make@verbatim{%
+ \ifdefempty\collargs@make@other@groups{}{%
+ % The user has executed |\collargsBraces|. We first apply that setting
+ % by executing macro |\collargs@make@other@groups|, and then disable our
+ % automatic setting of the primary grouping characters.
+ \collargs@make@other@groups
+ \def\collargs@make@other@groups{}%
+ \let\collargs@make@other@bgroup\@gobble
+ \let\collargs@make@other@egroup\@gobble
+ }%
+ % Initialize the list of current comment characters. Each entry is of
+ % form |\collargs@do|\marg{character code}. The definition must be global,
+ % because the macro will be used only once we exit the current group (by
+ % |\collargs@fix@cc@from@other@comment|, if at all).
+ \gdef\collargs@comments{}%
+ \let\collargs@do\collargs@make@verbatim@char
+ \expandafter\collargs@forranges\expandafter{\collargs@verbatim@ranges}%
+ }
+ \def\collargs@make@verbatim@char#1{%
+ % Store the current category code of the current character.
+ \ifnum\catcode#1=12
+ \else
+ \csedef{collargs@cc@#1}{\the\catcode#1}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\catcode#1=1
+ \collargs@make@verbatim@bgroup{#1}%
+ \else
+ \ifnum\catcode#1=2
+ \collargs@make@verbatim@egroup{#1}%
+ \else
+ \ifnum\catcode#1=14
+ \collargs@make@verbatim@comment{#1}%
+ \fi
+ % Change the category code of the current character (including the
+ % comment characters).
+ \ifnum\catcode#1=12
+ \else
+ \catcode#1=12\relax
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ }
+\fi
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@make@verbatim@bgroup}
+% This macro changes the category of
+% the opening group character to ``other'', but only in the full verbatim
+% mode. Next, it populates |\collargs@bgroups|, to facilitate the potential
+% transition into the other verbatim mode. Finally, it executes
+% |\collargs@make@other@bgroup|, which stores the ``other'' variant of the
+% current character into |\collargs@other@bgroup|, and automatically disables
+% itself, so that it is only executed for the first encountered opening group
+% character --- unless it was already |\relax|ed at the top of
+% |\collargs@make@verbatim| as a consequence of the user executing
+% |\collargsBraces|.
+\def\collargs@make@verbatim@bgroup#1{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+ \catcode#1=12\relax
+ \fi
+ \appto\collargs@bgroups{\collargs@do{#1}}%
+ \collargs@make@other@bgroup{#1}%
+}
+\def\collargs@make@other@bgroup#1{%
+ \collargs@make@char\collargs@other@bgroup{#1}{12}%
+ \let\collargs@make@other@bgroup\@gobble
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@make@verbatim@egroup}
+% Ditto for the closing group character.
+\def\collargs@make@verbatim@egroup#1{%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces
+ \catcode#1=12\relax
+ \fi
+ \appto\collargs@egroups{\collargs@do{#1}}%
+ \collargs@make@other@egroup{#1}%
+}
+\def\collargs@make@other@egroup#1{%
+ \collargs@make@char\collargs@other@egroup{#1}{12}%
+ \let\collargs@make@other@egroup\@gobble
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@make@verbatim@comment}
+% This macro populates
+% |\collargs@make@comments@other|.
+\def\collargs@make@verbatim@comment#1{%
+ \gappto\collargs@comments{\collargs@do{#1}}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@make@no@verbatim}
+% This macro switches back to the non-verbatim mode: in \hologo{LuaTeX}, by
+% switching to the original catcode table; in other engines, by recalling the
+% stored category codes.
+\ifdefined\luatexversion
+ \def\collargs@make@no@verbatim{%
+ \catcodetable\collargs@catcodetable@original\relax
+ }%
+\else
+\def\collargs@make@no@verbatim{%
+ \let\collargs@do\collargs@make@no@verbatim@char
+ \expandafter\collargs@forranges\expandafter{\collargs@verbatim@ranges}%
+}
+\fi
+\def\collargs@make@no@verbatim@char#1{%
+ % The original category code of a characted was stored into
+ % |\collargs@cc@|\meta{character code} by |\collargs@make@verbatim|. (We don't
+ % use |\collargs@cc|, because we have a number.)
+ \ifcsname collargs@cc@#1\endcsname
+ \catcode#1=\csname collargs@cc@#1\endcsname\relax
+ % We don't have to restore category code 12.
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+%
+% \subsubsection{Transition between the verbatim and the non-verbatim mode}
+% \label{sec:code:collargs:fix}
+%
+% At the transition from verbatim to non-verbatim mode, and vice versa, we
+% sometimes have to fix the category code of the next argument token. This
+% happens when we have an optional argument type in one mode followed by an
+% argument type in another mode, but the optional argument is absent, or when
+% an optional, but absent, verbatim argument is the last argument in the
+% specification. The problem arises because the presence of optional arguments
+% is determined by looking ahead in the input stream; when the argument is
+% absent, this means that we have fixed the category code of the next token.
+% CollArgs addresses this issue by noting the situations where a token receives
+% the wrong category code, and then does its best to replace that token with
+% the same character of the appropriate category code.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifcollargs@fix@requested}
+% This conditional is set, globally,
+% by the optional argument handlers when the argument is in fact absent,
+% and reset in the central loop after applying the fix if necessary.
+\newif\ifcollargs@fix@requested
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@fix}
+% This macro selects the fixer appropriate to the transition between the
+% previous verbatim mode (determined by |\ifcollargs@last@verbatim| and
+% |\ifcollargs@last@verbatimbraces|) and the current verbatim mode (which
+% is determined by macros |\ifcollargs@verbatim| and
+% |\ifcollargs@verbatimbraces|); if the category code fix was not
+% requested (for this, we check |\ifcollargs@fix@requested|), the
+% macro simply executes the next-code given as the sole argument.
+% The name of the fixer macro has the form
+% |\collargs@fix@|\meta{last mode}|to|\meta{current mode}, where
+% the modes are given by mnemonic codes: |V| = full verbatim, |v| =
+% partial verbatim, and |N| = non-verbatim.
+\long\def\collargs@fix#1{%
+ % Going through |\edef| + |\unexpanded| avoids doubling the hashes.
+ \edef\collargs@fix@next{\unexpanded{#1}}%
+ \ifcollargs@fix@requested
+ \letcs\collargs@action{collargs@fix@%
+ \ifcollargs@last@verbatim
+ \ifcollargs@last@verbatimbraces V\else v\fi
+ \else
+ N%
+ \fi
+ to%
+ \ifcollargs@verbatim
+ \ifcollargs@verbatimbraces V\else v\fi
+ \else
+ N%
+ \fi
+ }%
+ \else
+ \let\collargs@action\collargs@fix@next
+ \fi
+ \collargs@action
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@fix@NtoN,\collargs@fix@vtov,\collargs@fix@VtoV}
+% \indentmacrocode
+% Nothing to do, continue with the next-code.
+\def\collargs@fix@NtoN{\collargs@fix@next}
+\let\collargs@fix@vtov\collargs@fix@NtoN
+\let\collargs@fix@VtoV\collargs@fix@NtoN
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@fix@Ntov}
+% We do nothing for the group tokens; for other tokens, we redirect to
+% |\collargs@fix@NtoV|.
+\def\collargs@fix@Ntov{%
+ \futurelet\collargs@temp\collargs@fix@cc@to@other@ii
+}
+\def\collargs@fix@cc@to@other@ii{%
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@temp\bgroup
+ \let\collargs@action\collargs@fix@next
+ \else
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@temp\egroup
+ \let\collargs@action\collargs@fix@next
+ \else
+ \let\collargs@action\collargs@fix@NtoV
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \collargs@action
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@fix@NtoV}
+% The only complication here is that we might be in front of a control
+% sequence that was a result of a previous fix in the other direction.
+\def\collargs@fix@NtoV{%
+ \ifcollargs@double@fix
+ \ifcollargs@in@second@fix
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@NtoV@secondfix
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@NtoV@onemore
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@NtoV@singlefix
+ \fi
+}
+% This is the usual situation of a single fix. We just use |\string| on
+% the next token here (but note that some situations can't be saved: noone
+% can bring a comment back to life, or distinguish a newline and a space)
+\def\collargs@fix@NtoV@singlefix{%
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@next\string
+}
+% If this is the first fix of two, we know |#1| is a control sequence, so it is
+% safe to grab it.
+\def\collargs@fix@NtoV@onemore#1{%
+ \collargs@do@one@more@fix{%
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@next\string#1%
+ }%
+}
+% If this is the second fix of the two, we have to check whether the next token
+% is a control sequence, and if it is, we need to remember it. Afterwards, we
+% redirect to the single-fix.
+\def\collargs@fix@NtoV@secondfix{%
+ \if\noexpand\collargs@temp\relax
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@NtoV@secondfix@i
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@NtoV@singlefix
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@fix@NtoV@secondfix@i#1{%
+ \gdef\collargs@double@fix@cs@ii{#1}%
+ \collargs@fix@NtoV@singlefix#1%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@fix@vtoN}
+% Do nothing for the grouping tokens, redirect to |\collargs@fix@VtoN| for
+% other tokens.
+\def\collargs@fix@vtoN{%
+ \futurelet\collargs@token\collargs@fix@vtoN@i
+}
+\def\collargs@fix@vtoN@i{%
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@token\bgroup
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@next
+ \else
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@token\egroup
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@next
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@fix@vtoV}
+% Redirect group tokens to |\collargs@fix@NtoV|, and do nothing for other
+% tokens.
+\def\collargs@fix@vtoV{%
+ \futurelet\collargs@token\collargs@fix@vtoV@i
+}
+\def\collargs@fix@vtoV@i{%
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@token\bgroup
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@NtoV
+ \else
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@token\egroup
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@NtoV
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@next
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@fix@Vtov}
+% Redirect group tokens to |\collargs@fix@VtoN|, and do nothing for other
+% tokens. |#1| is surely of category 12, so we can safely grab it.
+\def\collargs@fix@catcode@of@braces@fromverbatim#1{%
+ \ifnum\catcode`#1=1
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN
+ \expandafter#1%
+ \else
+ \ifnum\catcode`#1=2
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@cc@VtoN
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter#1%
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@next
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@fix@VtoN}
+% This is the only complicated part. Control sequences and comments (but not
+% grouping characters!) require special attention. We're fine to grab the
+% token right away, as we know it is of category 12.
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN#1{%
+ \ifnum\catcode`#1=0
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape
+ \else
+ \ifnum\catcode`#1=14
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@comment
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@token
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ #1%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@fix@VtoN@token}
+% We create a new character with the current
+% category code behing the next-code. This works even for grouping
+% characters.
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@token#1{%
+ \collargs@insert@char\collargs@fix@next{`#1}{\the\catcode`#1}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@fix@VtoN@comment}
+% This macro defines a macro which will,
+% when placed at a comment character, remove the tokens until the end of the
+% line. The code is adapted from the TeX.SE answer at
+% \url(https://){tex.stackexchange.com/a/10454/16819} by Bruno Le Floch.
+\def\collargs@defcommentstripper#1#2{%
+ % We chuck a parameter into the following definition, to grab the (verbatim)
+ % comment character. This is why this macro must be executed precisely
+ % before the (verbatim) comment character.
+ \def#1##1{%
+ \begingroup%
+ \escapechar=`\\%
+ \catcode\endlinechar=\active%
+ % We assign the ``other'' category code to comment characters. Without
+ % this, comment characters behind the first one make trouble: there would
+ % be no |^||^M| at the end of the line, so the comment stripper would
+ % gobble the following line as well; in fact, it would gobble all
+ % subsequent lines containing a comment character. We also make sure to
+ % change the category code of \emph{all} comment characters, even if there
+ % is usually just one.
+ \def\collargs@do####1{\catcode####1=12 }%
+ \collargs@comments
+ \csname\string#1\endcsname%
+ }%
+ \begingroup%
+ \escapechar=`\\%
+ \lccode`\~=\endlinechar%
+ \lowercase{%
+ \expandafter\endgroup
+ \expandafter\def\csname\string#1\endcsname##1~%
+ }{%
+ % I have removed |\space| from the end of the following line. We don't
+ % want it for our application.
+ \endgroup#2%
+ }%
+}
+\collargs@defcommentstripper\collargs@fix@VtoN@comment{%
+ \collargs@fix@next
+}
+% We don't need the generator any more.
+\let\collargs@defcommentstripper\relax
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape}
+% An escape character of category code 12
+% is the most challenging --- and we won't get things completely right --- as
+% we have swim further down the input stream to create a control sequence.
+% This macro will throw away the verbatim escape character |#1|.
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape#1{%
+ \ifcollargs@double@fix
+ % We need to do things in a special way if we're in the double-fix
+ % situation triggered by the previous fixing of a control sequence
+ % (probably this very one). In that case, we can't collect it in the usual
+ % way because the entire control sequence is spelled out in verbatim.
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@d
+ \else
+ % This here is the usual situation where the escape character was tokenized
+ % verbatim, but the control sequence name itself will be collected (right
+ % away) in the non-verbatim regime.
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@i
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@i{%
+ % The sole character forming a control symbol name may be of any category.
+ % Temporarily redefining the category codes of the craziest characters allows
+ % |\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@ii| to simply grab the following
+ % character.
+ \begingroup
+ \catcode`\\=12
+ \catcode`\{=12
+ \catcode`\}=12
+ \catcode`\ =12
+ \collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@ii
+}
+% The argument is the first character of the control sequence name.
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@ii#1{%
+ \endgroup
+ \def\collargs@csname{#1}%
+ % Only if |#1| is a letter may the control sequence name continue.
+ \ifnum\catcode`#1=11
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@iii
+ \else
+ % In the case of a control space, we have to throw away the following
+ % spaces.
+ \ifnum\catcode`#1=10
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@s
+ \else
+ % We have a control symbol. That means that we haven't peeked ahead and
+ % can thus skip |\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z|.
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@i
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+% We still have to collect the rest of the control sequence name. Braces have
+% their usual meaning again, so we have to check for them explicitly (and bail
+% out if we stumble upon them).
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@iii{%
+ \futurelet\collargs@temp\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@iv
+}
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@iv{%
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@temp\bgroup
+ \let\collargs@action\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z
+ \else
+ \ifcat\noexpand\collargs@temp\egroup
+ \let\collargs@action\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z
+ \else
+ \expandafter\ifx\space\collargs@temp
+ \let\collargs@action\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@s
+ \else
+ \let\collargs@action\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@v
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \collargs@action
+}
+% If we have a letter, store it and loop back, otherwise finish.
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@v#1{%
+ \ifcat\noexpand#1a%
+ \appto\collargs@csname{#1}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@iii
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z\expandafter#1%
+ \fi
+}
+% Throw away the following spaces.
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@s{%
+ \futurelet\collargs@temp\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@s@i
+}
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@s@i{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\space\collargs@temp
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@s@ii
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@s@ii{%
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z\romannumeral-0%
+}
+% Once we have collected the control sequence name into |\collargs@csname|, we
+% will create the control sequence behind the next-code. However, we have two
+% complications. The minor one is that |\csname| defines an unexisting control
+% sequence to mean |\relax|, so we have to check whether the control sequence
+% we will create is defined, and if not, ``undefine'' it in advance.
+% ^^A todo: do nicer
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@i{%
+ \collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@maybe@undefine@cs@begin
+ \collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@ii
+}%
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@maybe@undefine@cs@begin{%
+ \ifcsname\collargs@csname\endcsname
+ \@tempswatrue
+ \else
+ \@tempswafalse
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@maybe@undefine@cs@end{%
+ \if@tempswa
+ \else
+ \cslet{\collargs@csname}\collargs@undefined
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@ii{%
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@maybe@undefine@cs@end
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@next\csname\collargs@csname\endcsname
+}
+% The second complication is much greater, but it only applies to control words
+% and spaces, and that's why control symbols went directly to the macro above.
+% Control words and spaces will only get there via a detour through the
+% following macro.
+%
+% The problem is that collecting the control word\slash space name peeked ahead
+% in the stream, so the character following the control sequence (name) is
+% already tokenized. We will (at least partially) address this by requesting a
+% ``double-fix'': until the control sequence we're about to create is consumed
+% into some argument, each category code fix will fix two ``tokens'' rather
+% than one.
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z{%
+ \collargs@if@one@more@fix{%
+ % Some previous fixing has requested a double fix, so let's do it.
+ % Afterwards, redirect to the control symbol code
+ % |\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@i|. It will surely use the correct
+ % |\collargs@csname| because we do the second fix in a group.
+ \collargs@do@one@more@fix\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@i
+ }{%
+ % Remember the collected control sequence. It will be used in
+ % |\collargs@cancel@double@fix|.
+ \collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@maybe@undefine@cs@begin
+ \xdef\collargs@double@fix@cs@i{\expandonce{\csname\collargs@csname\endcsname}}%
+ \collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@maybe@undefine@cs@end
+ % Request the double-fix.
+ \global\collargs@double@fixtrue
+ % The complication is addressed, redirect to the control symbol finish.
+ \collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z@ii
+ }%
+}
+% When we have to ``redo'' a control sequence, because it was ping-ponged back
+% into the verbatim mode, we cannot collect it by
+% |\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@i|, because it is spelled out entirely in
+% verbatim. However, we have seen this control sequence before, and remembered
+% it, so we'll simply grab it. Another complication is that we might be either
+% at the ``first'' control sequence, whose fixing created all these double-fix
+% trouble, or at the ``second'' control sequence, if the first one was
+% immediately followed by another one. But we have remembered both of them:
+% the first one in |\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z|, the second one in
+% |\collargs@fix@NtoV@secondfix|.
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@d{%
+ \ifcollargs@in@second@fix
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@d@i
+ \expandafter\collargs@double@fix@cs@ii
+ \else
+ \expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@d@i
+ \expandafter\collargs@double@fix@cs@i
+ \fi
+}
+% We have the contents of either |\collargs@double@fix@cs@i| or
+% |\collargs@double@fix@cs@ii| here, a control sequence in both cases.
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@d@i#1{%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@d@ii
+ \expandafter\string#1\relax
+}
+% We have the verbatimized control sequence name in |#2| (|#1| is the escape
+% character). By storing it into |\collargs@csname|, we pretend we have
+% collected it. By defining and executing |\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@d@iii|,
+% we actually gobble it from the input stream. Finally, we reroute to
+% |\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z|.
+\def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@d@ii#1#2\relax{%
+ \def\collargs@csname{#2}%
+ \def\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@d@iii#2{%
+ \collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z
+ }%
+ \collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@d@iii
+}
+% This conditional signals a double-fix request. It should be always set
+% globally, because it is cleared by |\collargs@double@fixfalse| in a group.
+\newif\ifcollargs@double@fix
+% This conditional signals that we're currently performing the second fix.
+\newif\ifcollargs@in@second@fix
+% Inspect the two conditionals above to decide whether we have to perform
+% another fix: if so, execute the first argument, otherwise the second one.
+% This macro is called only from |\collargs@fix@VtoN@escape@z| and
+% |\collargs@fix@NtoV|, because these are the only two places where we might
+% need the second fix, ping-ponging a control sequence between the verbatim and
+% the non-verbatim mode.
+\def\collargs@if@one@more@fix{%
+ \ifcollargs@double@fix
+ \ifcollargs@in@second@fix
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\@secondoftwo
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\@firstoftwo
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \expandafter\@secondoftwo
+ \fi
+}
+\def\collargs@do@one@more@fix#1{%
+ % We perform the second fix in a group, signalling that we're performing
+ % it.
+ \begingroup
+ \collargs@in@second@fixtrue
+ % Reexecute the fixing routine, at the end, close the group and execute
+ % the given code afterwards.
+ \collargs@fix{%
+ \endgroup
+ #1%
+ }%
+}
+% This macro is called from |\collargs@appendarg| to cancel the double-fix
+% request.
+\def\collargs@cancel@double@fix{%
+ % |\collargs@appendarg| is only executed when something was actually
+ % consumed. We thus know that at least one of the problematic ``tokens'' is
+ % gone, so the double fix is not necessary anymore.
+ \global\collargs@double@fixfalse
+ % What we have to figure out, still, is whether both problematic ``tokens''
+ % we consumed. If so, no more fixing is required. But if only one of them
+ % was consumed, we need to request the normal, single, fix for the remaining
+ % ``token''.
+ \begingroup
+ % This will attach the delimiters directly to the argument, so we'll see what
+ % was actually consumed.
+ \collargs@process@arg
+ % We compare what was consumed when collecting the current argument with the
+ % control word that triggered double-fixing. If they match, only the
+ % offending control word was consumed, so we need to set the fix request to
+ % true for the following token.
+ \edef\collargs@temp{\the\collargsArg}%
+ \edef\collargs@tempa{\expandafter\string\collargs@double@fix@cs@i}%
+ \ifx\collargs@temp\collargs@tempa
+ \global\collargs@fix@requestedtrue
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\collargs@insert@char,\collargs@make@char}
+% These macros create a character of character code |#2| and category code
+% |#3|. The first macro inserts it into the stream behind the code in |#1|;
+% the second one defines the control sequence in |#1| to hold the created
+% character (clearly, it should not be used for categories 1 and 2).
+%
+% We use the facilities of \hologo{LuaTeX}, \hologo{XeTeX} and \hologo{LaTeX}
+% where possible. In the end, we only have to implement our own macros for
+% plain \hologo{pdfTeX}.
+%<!context>\ifdefined\luatexversion
+ \def\collargs@insert@char#1#2#3{%
+ \edef\collargs@temp{\unexpanded{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@temp\directlua{%
+ tex.cprint(\number#3,string.char(\number#2))}%
+ }%
+ \def\collargs@make@char#1#2#3{%
+ \edef#1{\directlua{tex.cprint(\number#3,string.char(\number#2))}}%
+ }%
+%<*!context>
+\else
+ \ifdefined\XeTeXversion
+ \def\collargs@insert@char#1#2#3{%
+ \edef\collargs@temp{\unexpanded{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\collargs@temp\Ucharcat #2 #3
+ }%
+ \def\collargs@make@char#1#2#3{%
+ \edef#1{\Ucharcat#2 #3}%
+ }%
+ \else
+ %<*latex>
+ \ExplSyntaxOn
+ \def\collargs@insert@char#1#2#3{%
+ \edef\collargs@temp{\unexpanded{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@temp\char_generate:nn{#2}{#3}%
+ }%
+ \def\collargs@make@char#1#2#3{%
+ \edef#1{\char_generate:nn{#2}{#3}}%
+ }%
+ \ExplSyntaxOff
+ %</latex>
+ %<*plain>
+ % The implementation is inspired by |expl3|'s implementation of
+ % |\char_generate:nn|, but our implementation is not expandable, for
+ % simplicity. We first store an (arbitrary) character |^||^@| of category
+ % code $n$ into control sequence |\collargs@charofcat@|$n$, for every
+ % (implementable) category code.
+ \begingroup
+ \catcode`\^^@=1 \csgdef{collargs@charofcat@1}{%
+ \noexpand\expandafter^^@\iffalse}\fi}
+ \catcode`\^^@=2 \csgdef{collargs@charofcat@2}{\iffalse{\fi^^@}
+ \catcode`\^^@=3 \csgdef{collargs@charofcat@3}{^^@}
+ \catcode`\^^@=4 \csgdef{collargs@charofcat@4}{^^@}
+ % As we have grabbed the spaces already, a remaining newline should surely be
+ % fixed into a |\par|.
+ \csgdef{collargs@charofcat@5}{\par}
+ \catcode`\^^@=6 \csxdef{collargs@charofcat@6}{\unexpanded{^^@}}
+ \catcode`\^^@=7 \csgdef{collargs@charofcat@7}{^^@}
+ \catcode`\^^@=8 \csgdef{collargs@charofcat@8}{^^@}
+ \csgdef{collargs@charofcat@10}{\noexpand\space}
+ \catcode`\^^@=11 \csgdef{collargs@charofcat@11}{^^@}
+ \catcode`\^^@=12 \csgdef{collargs@charofcat@12}{^^@}
+ \catcode`\^^@=13 \csgdef{collargs@charofcat@13}{^^@}
+ \endgroup
+ \def\collargs@insert@char#1#2#3{%
+ % Temporarily change the lowercase code of |^||^@| to the requested character
+ % |#2|.
+ \begingroup
+ \lccode`\^^@=#2\relax
+ % We'll have to close the group before executing the next-code.
+ \def\collargs@temp{\endgroup#1}%
+ % |\collargs@charofcat@|\meta{requested category code} is f-expanded first,
+ % leaving us to lowercase |\expandafter\collargs@temp^||^@|. Clearly,
+ % lowercasing |\expandafter\collargs@temp| is a no-op, but lowercasing
+ % |^||^@| gets us the requested character of the requested category.
+ % |\expandafter| is executed next, and this gets rid of the conditional for
+ % category codes 1 and 2.
+ \expandafter\lowercase\expandafter{%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\collargs@temp
+ \romannumeral-`0\csname collargs@charofcat@\the\numexpr#3\relax\endcsname
+ }%
+ }
+ % This macro cannot not work for category code 6 (because we assign the
+ % result to a macro), but no matter, we only use it for category code 12
+ % anyway.
+ \def\collargs@make@char#1#2#3{%
+ \begingroup
+ \lccode`\^^@=#2\relax
+ % Define |\collargs@temp| to hold |^||^@| of the appropriate category.
+ \edef\collargs@temp{%
+ \csname collargs@charofcat@\the\numexpr#3\relax\endcsname}%
+ % Preexpand the second |\collargs@temp| so that we lowercase
+ % |\def\collargs@temp{^||^@}|, with |^||^@| of the appropriate category.
+ \expandafter\lowercase\expandafter{%
+ \expandafter\def\expandafter\collargs@temp\expandafter{\collargs@temp}%
+ }%
+ \expandafter\endgroup
+ \expandafter\def\expandafter#1\expandafter{\collargs@temp}%
+ }
+ %</plain>
+ \fi
+\fi
+%</!context>
+% \end{macro}
+%
+%<plain>\resetatcatcode
+%<context>\stopmodule
+%<context>\protect
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Local Variables:
+% TeX-engine: luatex
+% TeX-master: "doc/memoize-code.tex"
+% TeX-auto-save: nil
+% End: \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/macros/generic/collargs/collargs.ins b/macros/generic/collargs/collargs.ins
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a8673b6edc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/collargs/collargs.ins
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+%% collargs.ins
+%%
+%% This file is a part of CollArgs, a TeX package providing a command which can
+%% determine the argument scope of any command whose argument structure
+%% conforms to xparse's argument specification, available at
+%% https://ctan.org/pkg/advice and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/advice.
+%%
+%% Copyright (c) 2023- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+%% (Sa\v{s}o \v{Z}ivanovi\'{c})
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+%% LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3 of this license or (at your
+%% option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+%% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3 or later is part of
+%% all distributions of LaTeX version 2005/12/01 or later.
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+%% The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+%%
+%% The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+%% (<texmf>/doc/generic/collargs/)FILES.
+%%
+\input docstrip.tex
+\keepsilent
+\preamble
+\endpreamble
+\askforoverwritefalse
+\generate{%
+ \file{collargs.sty}{\from{collargs.dtx}{latex}}%
+ \file{collargs.tex}{\from{collargs.dtx}{plain}}%
+ \file{t-collargs.tex}{\from{collargs.dtx}{context}}%
+}
+\endbatchfile
diff --git a/macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/LICENCE b/macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/LICENCE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b57559a83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/LICENCE
@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+The LaTeX Project Public License
+=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+LPPL Version 1.3c 2008-05-04
+
+Copyright 1999 2002-2008 LaTeX3 Project
+ Everyone is allowed to distribute verbatim copies of this
+ license document, but modification of it is not allowed.
+
+
+PREAMBLE
+========
+
+The LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL) is the primary license under
+which the LaTeX kernel and the base LaTeX packages are distributed.
+
+You may use this license for any work of which you hold the copyright
+and which you wish to distribute. This license may be particularly
+suitable if your work is TeX-related (such as a LaTeX package), but
+it is written in such a way that you can use it even if your work is
+unrelated to TeX.
+
+The section `WHETHER AND HOW TO DISTRIBUTE WORKS UNDER THIS LICENSE',
+below, gives instructions, examples, and recommendations for authors
+who are considering distributing their works under this license.
+
+This license gives conditions under which a work may be distributed
+and modified, as well as conditions under which modified versions of
+that work may be distributed.
+
+We, the LaTeX3 Project, believe that the conditions below give you
+the freedom to make and distribute modified versions of your work
+that conform with whatever technical specifications you wish while
+maintaining the availability, integrity, and reliability of
+that work. If you do not see how to achieve your goal while
+meeting these conditions, then read the document `cfgguide.tex'
+and `modguide.tex' in the base LaTeX distribution for suggestions.
+
+
+DEFINITIONS
+===========
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+In this license document the following terms are used:
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+CONDITIONS ON DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
+===========================================
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diff --git a/macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/README.md b/macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8b5fb17fe7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+This package implements a wrapper which allows the user to load the
+LaTeX-independent part of LaTeX package `etoolbox` in other formats.
+
+Load the package by `\input etoolbox-generic`.
+
+The wrapper has been tested in plain TeX and ConTeXt on `etoolbox` version
+`2020/10/05 v2.5k`. (The version of the wrapper should match the latest
+`etoolbox` version.)
diff --git a/macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/etoolbox-generic.tex b/macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/etoolbox-generic.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c1fcd869ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/etoolbox-generic/etoolbox-generic.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+% etoolbox-generic.tex 2023/10/10 v2.5k
+%
+% This is a loader for etoolbox.sty 2020/10/05 v2.5k in non-LaTeX formats.
+%
+% Copyright (c) 2023- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+%
+% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+% LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+% your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+% https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+% all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+%
+% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained`.
+% The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+%
+% This work consist of this file and README.md.
+%
+% Prevent double-loading.
+\ifcsname ver@etoolbox.sty\endcsname
+ \expandafter\endinput
+\fi
+% We need miniltx and a couple of auxiliary macros.
+\input miniltx
+\def\newif#1{%
+ \count@\escapechar \escapechar\m@ne
+ \let#1\iffalse
+ \@if#1\iftrue
+ \@if#1\iffalse
+ \escapechar\count@}
+\def\@if#1#2{%
+ \expandafter\def\csname\expandafter\@gobbletwo\string#1%
+ \expandafter\@gobbletwo\string#2\endcsname
+ {\let#1#2}}
+% We need to define \AtEndOfPackage; etoolbox uses it to undefine its
+% catcodes. We're careful and restore the old (probably empty) definition at
+% the end.
+\let\etb@AtEndOfPackage\AtEndOfPackage
+\def\AtEndOfPackage#1{\def\AtEndOfPackageDo{#1}}
+% Kindly, all the LaTeX-specific code in etoolbox.sty occurs after
+% the call to \IfFormatAtLeastTF. Redefining this macro to \endinput will
+% therefore remove the LaTeX-specific part of the package:
+\def\IfFormatAtLeastTF#1#2#3{\endinput}
+\let\etb@extrafloats\extrafloats
+\let\extrafloats\relax
+\input etoolbox.sty
+% Restore what we changed, and execute the end-of-package code.
+\let\extrafloats\etb@extrafloats
+\AtEndOfPackageDo
+\let\AtEndOfPackage\etb@AtEndOfPackage
+\let\AtEndOfPackageDo\relax
+\cslet{ver@etoolbox.sty}\relax
+% To have this package work in ConTeXt, we must patch the macros by replacing
+% \unexpanded with \normalunexpanded.
+\ifcsname normalunexpanded\endcsname
+ \def\etb@patchunexpanded#1{%
+ \patchcmd#1\unexpanded\normalunexpanded{}{%
+ \PackageError{etoolbox}{Cannot adapt command \string#1 to ConTeXt}{}%
+ }%
+ }
+ % \patchcmd itself uses \etb@patchcmd@scantoks which uses \unexpanded; so we
+ % temporarily redefine \unexpanded to patch \etb@patchcmd@scantoks.
+ \let\unexpanded\normalunexpanded
+ \etb@patchunexpanded\etb@patchcmd@scantoks
+ \let\unexpanded\protected
+ % Now we can patch the rest.
+ \etb@patchunexpanded\expandonce
+ \etb@patchunexpanded\etb@unexpandable
+ \etb@patchunexpanded\appto\etb@patchunexpanded\appto
+ \etb@patchunexpanded\gappto\etb@patchunexpanded\gappto
+ \etb@patchunexpanded\preto\etb@patchunexpanded\preto
+ \etb@patchunexpanded\gpreto\etb@patchunexpanded\gpreto
+ \etb@patchunexpanded\etb@hooktocmd
+ % Patching \protecting is a bit involved, as its parameters text is #.
+ \expandafter\def\expandafter\protecting\expandafter{\protecting{}}
+ \etb@patchunexpanded\protecting
+ \patchcmd\protecting{{}}{}{}{}%
+ \expandafter\def\expandafter\protecting\expandafter#\expandafter{\protecting}
+\fi
+\resetatcatcode
+\endinput
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/INSTALL.md b/macros/generic/memoize/INSTALL.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..99957a9181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/INSTALL.md
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+# Installation from the TDS archive
+
+If Memoize is not (yet) offered by your TeX distribution, the easiest way to
+install it is by downloading the TDS archive `memoize.tds.zip` from [Memoize's
+CTAN page](https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize), and unpacking it into your `texmf`
+directory. You will most likely also have to do the same for two auxiliary
+packages Memoize depends on: [Advice](https://ctan.org/pkg/advice) and
+[CollArgs](https://ctan.org/pkg/collargs).
+
+Read on only if you have an unstoppable urge to install from source and/or
+compile the manual or the documented source code.
+
+# Installation from the source
+
+# Getting the sources
+
+There are several options:
+
+* Download and unpack the zip archive of the package from [Memoize's CTAN
+ page](https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize).
+
+* Download and unpack the TDS archive, or copy the files from your local
+ distribution. The sources reside in `<texmf>/source/generic/memoize`.
+
+* Clone the [GitHub repository](https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize).
+
+## Generating runtime files
+
+The easiest way to generate the runtime files is by running `make`. The
+following command will generate (i) runtime TeX files for all supported formats
+(currently: LaTeX, plain TeX and ConTeXt), and (ii) the man pages for the
+accompanying scripts:
+
+```
+make runtime
+```
+
+To only generate the runtime TeX files, execute
+
+```
+make memoize.sty
+```
+
+Alternatively, you can generate the runtime files manually. The source of this
+package was written using [EasyDTX](https://ctan.org/pkg/easydtx). Therefore,
+you first have to convert the `.edtx` file into a regular `.dtx`:
+
+```
+edtx2dtx memoize.edtx > memoize.dtx
+```
+
+The next step is standard. Produce the runtime files by compiling the
+installation file:
+
+```
+tex memoize.ins
+```
+
+If you require the ConTeXt runtime, replace all instances of `\expanded` and
+`\unexpanded` in `t-memoize.tex` by `\normalexpanded` and `\normalunexpanded`,
+respectively. One way to do this is:
+
+```
+sed -i -s -e 's/\\\(un\)\?expanded/\\normal\1expanded/g;' t-memoize.tex
+```
+
+The man pages are produced by converting their MarkDown sources by `pandoc`
+(execute this in the `doc` subdirectory):
+
+```
+pandoc memoize-extract.1.md -s -t man -o memoize-extract.1
+pandoc memoize-clean.1.md -s -t man -o memoize-clean.1
+```
+
+Additionally, links from `memoize-x.pl.1` and `memoize-x.py.1` to `memoize-x.1`
+can be created by:
+
+```
+echo .so man1/memoize-extract.1 > memoize-extract.pl.1
+echo .so man1/memoize-extract.1 > memoize-extract.py.1
+echo .so man1/memoize-clean.1 > memoize-clean.pl.1
+echo .so man1/memoize-clean.1 > memoize-clean.py.1
+```
+
+## Installation
+
+It is recommended to install the files into a TDS-compliant `texmf` directory,
+as usual. Inspect file `FILES` or the TDS archive `memoize.tds.zip` to see
+what goes where.
+
+Next, the scripts residing in `<texmf>/scripts/memoize` should be linked into
+some directory listed in the executable search `PATH`. The scripts are the
+following:
+
+* `memoize-extract.pl`
+* `memoize-extract.py`
+* `memoize-clean.pl`
+* `memoize-clean.py`
+
+If you have downloaded the sources from GitHub, you can build the TDS
+directories/archives of both Memoize and its auxiliary packages Advice and
+CollArgs by issuing
+
+```
+make
+```
+
+This command creates:
+
+* TDS directories `memoize.tds`, `advice.tds` and `collargs.tds`,
+
+* CTAN directories `ctan/memoize`, `ctan/advice` and `ctan/memoize`,
+
+* TDS archives `memoize.tds.zip`, `advice.tds.zip` and `collargs.tds.zip`
+ inside the CTAN directories, and
+
+* CTAN archives `memoize.zip`, `advice.zip` and `collargs.zip` inside directory
+ `ctan`.
+
+The plain `make` shown above will also attempt to compile the documentation.
+If you're not ready for that (yet), you can avoid that by executing this
+instead:
+
+```
+make PDF=
+```
+
+# Compiling the documentation
+
+Compiling both the documented code listing and the manual requires a Unix-like
+operating system. I have developed Memoize on Linux, but the documentation
+should also be compilable under Cygwin on Windows (not tested).
+
+The documentation of Advice and CollArgs, both their manuals and documented
+code listings, is included within Memoize's documentation.
+
+## Getting the source
+
+In principle, the options are the same as for the installation from the source,
+but the GitHub option is strongly preferred here, as the other two options
+require manually copying the sources of Advice and CollArgs into the Memoize
+directory. That said:
+
+* Clone the [GitHub repository](https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize).
+ You're done.
+
+* Download and unpack the zip archives of all three packages from their CTAN
+ pages: https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize, https://ctan.org/pkg/advice and
+ https://ctan.org/pkg/collargs.
+
+ Copy `advice.edtx` and `collargs.edtx` into the Memoize directory, alongside
+ `memoize.edtx`.
+
+* From TDS archives (of all three packages), or your local distribution's
+ `<texmf>` folder. This is not straightforward:
+
+ 1. Make a local copy of directory `<texmf>/source/generic/memoize`; we'll
+ call it "the Memoize directory".
+
+ 2. Copy directory `<texmf>/doc/generic/memoize` into the the Memoize
+ directory as `doc`.
+
+ 3. Copy `memoize-extract.pl`, `memoize-extract.py`, `memoize-clean.pl` and
+ `memoize-clean.py` from directory `<texmf>/scripts` into the Memoize
+ directory.
+
+ 4. Copy `advice.edtx` from `<texmf>/source/generic/advice` and
+ `collargs.edtx` from `<texmf>/source/generic/collargs` into the the
+ Memoize directory.
+
+## Compiling the documented code listing
+
+I have compiled the code docs with LuaLaTeX on a Linux system with
+TeXLive 2023. If you have `make`, the easiest way to compile them is by
+issuing
+
+```
+make doc/memoize-code.pdf
+```
+
+Alternatively, you can use `latexmk`, but you first have to convert the `.edtx`
+sources of all three packages into `.dtx`, if you haven't done so yet:
+
+```
+edtx2dtx memoize.edtx > memoize.dtx
+edtx2dtx advice.edtx > advice.dtx
+edtx2dtx collargs.edtx > collargs.dtx
+```
+
+Then, you can execute `latexmk` from the `doc` subdirectory:
+
+```
+latexmk -lualatex -bibtex memoize-code
+```
+
+To compile the code docs manually, three iterations of `lualatex memoize-code`
+with `makeindex -s gind.ist memoize-code.idx` between them should suffice.
+
+## Compiling the manual
+
+I have compiled the manual with LuaLaTeX on a Linux system with TeXLive 2023,
+`make`, `latexmk`, `perl` and `sed` installed. Furthermore, you absolutely
+have to run the compilation with some form of `--shell-escape`, as it executes
+`make` and `sed` to build the examples. (There is no way to compile these from
+the command line, as the instructions are baked into the manual source.)
+
+Given all this, either of the following should do the trick:
+
+* `make doc/memoize.pdf` from the Memoize directory;
+
+* `latexmk -lualatex -bibtex memoize` for the `doc` subdirectory; or
+
+* quite a few runs of `lualatex memoize` interspersed by `makeindex memoize.idx`.
+
+If all worked well, you can change `\usepackage{nomemoize}` in
+`doc/memoize.tex` to `\usepackage{memoize}` and observe Memoize at work.
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/LICENCE b/macros/generic/memoize/LICENCE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b57559a83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/LICENCE
@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+The LaTeX Project Public License
+=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+LPPL Version 1.3c 2008-05-04
+
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diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/Makefile b/macros/generic/memoize/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7edbd7ba34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+# Prepare the CTAN submission for all three packages.
+
+PACKAGES = memoize advice collargs
+
+all: ctan/memoize.zip
+ $(MAKE) -f Makefile.advice ctan/advice.zip
+ $(MAKE) -f Makefile.collargs ctan/collargs.zip
+
+# Prepare the CTAN submission.
+
+PACKAGE = memoize
+VERSION = 1.0.0
+YEAR = 2023
+MONTH = 10
+DAY = 10
+
+FORMAT = generic
+
+COMMON = memoize nomemoize memoizable
+PLAIN = memoize-extract-one.tex
+SOURCE = memoize.edtx memoize.ins # $(makefiles)
+
+SCRIPTS := memoize-extract memoize-clean
+man-src := $(SCRIPTS:%=doc/%.1.md)
+MAN := $(SCRIPTS:%=%.1) $(SCRIPTS:%=%.pl.1) $(SCRIPTS:%=%.py.1)
+MAN := $(MAN:%=doc/%)
+SCRIPTS := $(SCRIPTS:%=%.pl) $(SCRIPTS:%=%.py)
+
+%.pl.1: %.1
+ echo .so man1/$*.1 > $@ # link to .1 man page
+%.py.1: %.1
+ echo .so man1/$*.1 > $@ # link to .1 man page
+
+.PHONY: runtime
+runtime: $(RUNTIME)
+
+README = doc/README.memoize.md
+INSTALL = INSTALL.md
+MAKEFILE = Makefile
+LICENCE = LICENCE
+
+makefiles = Makefile.package Makefile.runtimes Makefile.advice Makefile.collargs
+
+codedoc-source = memoize-code.tex \
+ memoize-code.sty memoize-doc-common.sty
+
+manual-source = memoize.tex \
+ memoize-doc.sty memoize-doc-common.sty yadoc.sty \
+ memoize.mst
+
+PDF = memoize.pdf memoize-code.pdf
+
+codedoc-source := $(codedoc-source:%=doc/%)
+manual-source := $(manual-source:%=doc/%)
+pdf := $(PDF:%=doc/%)
+DOC = $(sort $(codedoc-source) $(manual-source)) $(pdf) $(man-src)
+
+examples-src := Makefile ins.begin ins.mid ins.end
+examples-src := $(examples-src:%=doc/examples/%)
+#examples-src += $(shell git ls-files | grep ^doc/examples/.*dtx$)
+examples-src += $(shell find doc/examples -name '*.dtx')
+
+# doc/attachments.lst is produced by compiling memoize.tex (without memoization).
+# doc-examples will hold soft links to the relevant generated example files.
+doc-examples := $(shell sed 's/^.* \(.*\) ##.*$$/\1/' doc/attachments.lst)
+doc-examples := $(doc-examples:%=doc/examples/%)
+
+ctan/$(PACKAGE).zip:
+ $(TDS-BEGIN)
+# Check for duplicate filenames:
+ echo $(doc-examples) | tr ' ' '\n' | uniq -d | ifne false
+ cd doc && zip ../$(TDS-DOC-DIR)/examples-src.zip $(examples-src:doc/%=%)
+# For each line ($1 $2) in attachments.lst, link $1 to $2 ...
+ cd doc/examples && sed 's!^examples/!ln -sfr !' ../attachments.lst | sh
+# ... and zip those links.
+ cd doc && zip -r ../$(TDS-DOC-DIR)/examples.zip $(doc-examples:doc/%=%)
+ $(TDS-END)
+ $(CTAN-BEGIN)
+ ln -sr $(TDS-DOC-DIR)/examples-src.zip $(CTAN-DIR)/doc
+ ln -sr $(TDS-DOC-DIR)/examples.zip $(CTAN-DIR)/doc
+ $(CTAN-END)
+
+
+
+doc/memoize-code.pdf: $(SOURCE) $(codedoc-source)
+
+doc/memoize.pdf: $(manual-source) $(examples-src)
+
+%.pdf: %.tex
+ latexmk -cd -lualatex -bibtex- $< && touch $@
+
+
+
+# Maintanence
+
+test.tex = $(wildcard test*.tex)
+
+.PHONY: all runtime force clean versions-show
+
+.PRECIOUS: %.1
+
+clean: # clean this directory
+ memoize-clean.py -a $(test.tex:%.tex=-p %.) $(test.tex:%.tex=-p %.memo.dir/)
+ latexmk -C -f $(test.tex) _region_
+
+version:
+ $(MAKE) -f Makefile.collargs version
+ $(MAKE) -f Makefile.advice version
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-LATEX,memoize.edtx,memoize)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-LATEX,memoize.edtx,nomemoize)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-LATEX,memoize.edtx,memoizable)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-CONTEXT,memoize.edtx)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-PLAIN,memoize.edtx,memoize)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-PLAIN,memoize.edtx,nomemoize)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-PLAIN,memoize.edtx,memoizable)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-PERL,memoize-extract.pl)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-PERL,memoize-clean.pl)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-PYTHON,memoize-extract.py)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-PYTHON,memoize-clean.py)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-MAN,doc/memoize-extract.1.md)
+ $(call EDIT-VERSION-MAN,doc/memoize-clean.1.md)
+# Change the date of the latest release (identified by the version).
+ sed -Ei 's!^\\item\[\\githubrelease\{[0-9]{4}/[0-9]{2}/[0-9]{2}\}\{v$(VERSION)\}\] *$$!\\item\[\\githubrelease\{$(YEAR)/$(MONTH)/$(DAY)\}\{v$(VERSION)\}\]!' doc/memoize.tex
+
+define COLOR_VERSION
+grep -E --color '[0-9]{4}[/-][0-9]{2}[/-][0-9]{2}|v?[0-9]\.[0-9]\.[0-9]|(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) [0-9]+, [0-9]{4}'
+endef
+
+versions-show:
+ @grep -E '%<latex>\\ProvidesPackage|^%<context>%D\s*(version|date)=' $(PACKAGES:%=%.edtx) | ${COLOR_VERSION}
+ @grep __version__ *.py | ${COLOR_VERSION}
+ @grep VERSION *.pl | ${COLOR_VERSION}
+ @grep -E '^(footer|date):' doc/memoize-*.md | ${COLOR_VERSION}
+ @grep -E 'githubrelease' doc/memoize.tex | ${COLOR_VERSION}
+
+include Makefile.package
+include Makefile.runtimes
+
+VERSION-MAN = of Memoize v$(VERSION)
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/README.md b/macros/generic/memoize/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9acde7b26e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Memoize is a package for externalization of graphics and memoization of
+compilation results in general, allowing the author to reuse the results of
+compilation-intensive code.
+
+Memoize (i) induces very little overhead, as all externalized graphics is
+produced in a single compilation. It features (ii) automatic recompilation upon
+the change of code or user-adjustable context, and (iii) automatic
+externalization of TikZ pictures and Forest trees, easily extensible to other
+commands and environments. Furthermore, Memoize (iv) supports
+cross-referencing, TikZ overlays and Beamer, (v) works with all major engines
+and formats, and (vi) is adaptable to any workflow.
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-clean.1.md b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-clean.1.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..138e0ee871
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-clean.1.md
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+---
+title: memoize-clean
+section: 1
+header: User Manual
+footer: memoize-clean of Memoize v1.0.0
+date: October 10, 2023
+hyphenate: false
+---
+
+# NAME
+memoize-clean.pl, memoize-clean.py - Remove (stale) memo and extern files
+
+
+# SYNOPSIS
+**memoize-clean.pl** [*OPTIONS*] [*document1.mmz* ...]
+
+**memoize-clean.py** [*OPTIONS*] [*document1.mmz* ...]
+
+
+# DESCRIPTION
+
+**memoize-clean** is a script accompanying Memoize, a TeX package which allows
+the author to reuse the results of compilation-intensive code such as TikZ
+pictures.
+
+By default, this script removes stale memo and extern files. A stale memo or
+extern is an extern produced during a compilation of a previous version of the
+document which was neither used nor produced during the last compilation of the
+document. Typically, stale files arise when we change the memoized code (or
+its context).
+
+**memoize-clean.pl** removes all memo and extern files with prefixes mentioned
+in the listed **.mmz** files and by options **\--prefix** which are not
+explicitly mentioned in the **.mmz** files.
+
+Before deleting anything, **memoize-clean.pl** lists all the files it would
+delete and asks for confirmation.
+
+# OPTIONS
+
+**-p, \--prefix**
+: Add a memo/extern prefix for cleaning. This option may be given multiple
+ times.
+
+**-a, \--all**
+: Remove all memos and externs, rather than only the stale ones.
+
+**-y, \--yes**
+: Do not ask for confirmation.
+
+**-q, \--quiet**
+: Don't describe what's happening.
+
+**-h, \--help**
+: Show help.
+
+**-V, \--version**
+: Show the Memoize version number and exit.
+
+# SEE ALSO
+
+[Memoize manual](https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize), section 6.6.3.
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.pdf b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7eeed4b3bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.sty b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.sty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30d48f364c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+%% memoize-code.sty
+%%
+%% This file is a part of Memoize, a TeX package for externalization of
+%% graphics and memoization of compilation results in general, available at
+%% https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize.
+%%
+%% Copyright (c) 2020- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+%% (Sa\v{s}o \v{Z}ivanovi\'{c})
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+%% LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+%% your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+%% https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+%% all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+%% The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+%%
+%% The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+%% (<texmf>/doc/generic/memoize/)FILES.
+
+\ProvidesPackage{memoize-code}
+\RequirePackage{memoize-doc-common}
+
+% Typesetting the code & indentation
+\MacroIndent=0pt
+\MacroTopsep = 0pt
+\MacrocodeTopsep = 7pt plus 2pt minus 2pt
+\AddToHook{env/macrocode/before}{\macrocodepar}%
+\let\macrocodepar\par
+
+% A mark for extraction into the manual. We need to remove some vertical space
+% when this environment occurs alone in a doc block.
+\newenvironment{listingregion}[1]{%
+ \ifvmode
+ \let\macrocodepar\relax
+ \AddToHookNext{env/macrocode/begin}{\MacrocodeTopsep=0pt\relax}%
+ \def\listingregionskip{\vspace{-\baselineskip}}%
+ \listingregionskip
+ \else
+ \def\listingregionskip{}%
+ \fi
+}{\listingregionskip}
+
+\setlist{nosep}
+
+% Paragraph headings in the left margin, same as macro environments.
+\RenewDocumentCommand\paragraph{s t. m}{%
+ \setbox0=\hbox{%
+ \mbox{%
+ \textcolor{blue}{%
+ #3%
+ \IfBooleanT{#1}{\mbox{\ ---}}%
+ \IfBooleanT{#2}{\hspace{0.7em}}%
+ }%
+ }%
+ }%
+ \noindent
+ \ifdim\wd0>\marginparwidth
+ \hangindent\dimexpr\wd0-\marginparwidth\relax
+ \hangafter-1\relax
+ \fi
+ \marginpar{\ifdim\wd0<\marginparwidth\hfill\fi\box0}%
+ \AddToHookNext{env/macrocode/before}{\par\nohang}%
+ \pgf@keys@utilifnextchar\par{\myparagraph@gobblepar}{\ignorespaces}%
+}
+\long\def\myparagraph@gobblepar#1{\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\macrocodeenvname{macrocode}
+\def\MacroFont{\fontencoding\encodingdefault
+ \fontfamily\ttdefault
+ \fontseries\mddefault
+ \fontshape\shapedefault
+ \small
+ \ifx\@currenvir\macrocodeenvname\else\color{blue}\fi
+}
+\let\AltMacroFont\MacroFont % No special font for guarded code.
+
+% Typeset one-line guards to the left,
+% indent multi-line guard begin/ends by the guard level,
+% and let guards be orange.
+% Move the codeline number left.
+\def\Module#1{%
+ \begingroup
+ \IfBeginWith{#1}{*}{%
+ \def\next{}%
+ }{%
+ \IfBeginWith{#1}{/}{%
+ \def\next{}%
+ \advance\guard@level-1
+ }
+ {%
+ \def\next##1{%
+ \guard@level0
+ \setbox0=\lastbox
+ \llap{\unhbox0 ##1}%
+ }%
+ }%
+ }%
+ \next{%
+ \loop
+ \ifnum\guard@level>0
+ \hskip 1em
+ \advance\guard@level-1
+ \repeat
+ \color{orange}\mod@math@codes$\langle\mathsf{#1}\rangle$\hspace{0.1em}%
+ }%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+
+% doc elements
+\NewDocElement[idxgroup={\texttt{/mmz} keys}, idxtype={\texttt{/mmz}}]{Key}{key}
+\NewDocElement[idxgroup={\texttt{/collargs} keys}, idxtype={\texttt{/collargs}}]{CollargsKey}{collargskey}
+\NewDocElement[idxgroup={\texttt{/advice} keys}, idxtype={\texttt{/advice}}]{AdviceKey}{advicekey}
+\NewDocElement[idxgroup={\texttt{/mmz/auto} keys}, idxtype={\texttt{/mmz/auto}}]{MmzAutoKey}{mmzautokey}
+\NewDocElement[idxgroup={\texttt{/handlers} keys}, idxtype={\texttt{/handlers}}]{HandlersKey}{handlerskey}
+\NewDocElement[idxgroup={\texttt{/advice/install} keys}, idxtype={\texttt{/advice/install}}]{AdviceInstallkey}{adviceinstallkey}
+
+% Funny: without repeating this here, I can't use commas to separate several macros.
+\RenewDocElement[macrolike=true, idxtype=,idxgroup=,printtype=]{Macro}{macro}
+\NewDocElement[idxtype={Lua function}, idxgroup=Lua functions]{LuaFunction}{luafun}
+
+
+\newcommand\PrintMainMacro[1]{{\MacroFont\string#1}\SpecialMainMacroIndex{#1}}
+
+\newcommand\MyIndex[3]{%
+ \global\advance\c@CodelineNo 1
+ \csuse{special@index}{#1\actualchar#2\encapchar#3}%
+ \global\advance\c@CodelineNo -1
+ \ignorespaces
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\exclamationmark{}{!}
+
+
+% hanging indent for "key" and "macro" environments
+\newcommand\hang[2]{%
+ \setbox0=\hbox{\MacroFont \string#2\relax}% "\relax" is short enough to never trigger a hanging indent
+ \ifdim\wd0>\dimexpr\marginparwidth\relax
+ \hangindent\dimexpr\wd0-\marginparwidth\relax
+ \hangafter-#1\relax
+ \AddToHookNext{env/macrocode/before}{\par\nohang}%
+ \AddToHookNext{para/after}{\aftergroup\nohang}%
+ \fi
+ \ignorespaces
+}
+\newcommand\nohang{\hangindent 0pt\relax}
+\newcommand\indentmacrocode{%
+ \settowidth\MacroIndent{\theCodelineNo\ }%
+ \addtolength\MacroIndent{\hangindent}%
+}
+\newcommand\noindentmacrocode{%
+ \setlength\MacroIndent{0em}%
+ \AddToHookNext{env/macrocode/begin}{\MacrocodeTopsep 0pt\relax}%
+}
+
+% and now ... autohang!
+% (the macros should be listed without spaces after commas)
+\usepackage{advice}
+\pgfkeys{
+ /my/.cd,
+ .install advice,
+ advice/hang/.style={outer handler=\autohang},
+ advice=\key{hang},
+ advice=\macro{hang},
+ advice=\autokey{hang},
+ advice=\mmzautokey{hang},
+ advice=\collargskey{hang},
+ advice=\handlerskey{hang},
+ advice=\adviceinstallkey{hang},
+ advice=\luafun{hang},
+}
+\def\hangn{0}
+\def\hanglength{0}
+\def\hangstring{}
+\newcommand\autohang[2][]{%
+ \ifstrequal{#1}{noprint}{}{%
+ \def\temp{#2}%
+ \@for\hangtemp:=\temp\do{\computehang}%
+ \edef\temp{\noexpand\hang{\hangn}{\expandonce\hangstring}}\temp
+ }%
+ \AdviceOriginal[#1]{#2}%
+}
+\def\computehang{%
+ \StrLen{\expandafter\string\hangtemp}[\temp]%
+ \edef\hangn{\the\numexpr\hangn+1}
+ \ifnum\temp>\hanglength\relax
+ \let\hanglength\temp
+ \let\hangstring\hangtemp
+ \fi
+}
+
+
+
+%%% Various:
+\newcommand\MS{\textsuperscript{M}\S} % manual section
+
+% Read in the manual .aux, for \MS cross-references.
+\begingroup
+\let\orig@newlabel\newlabel
+\def\newlabel#1#2{%
+ \IfBeginWith{#1}{sec:}{\orig@newlabel{#1}{#2}}{}%
+}
+\def\doline{%
+ \expandafter\futurelet\expandafter\firsttoken\expandafter\dolinei\line\fi}
+\def\dolinei{\ifx\firsttoken\newlabel}%
+\openin0=memoize.aux
+\loop
+ \unless\ifeof0
+ \read0 to \line
+ \doline
+\repeat
+\closein0
+\endgroup
+
+
+
+%%%% Filter the index, keeping only the entries with a corresponding "main"
+%%%% entry.
+
+\AddToHook{enddocument/end}{%
+ \immediate\closeout\@indexfile % it is never explicitly closed!
+ \filterindex
+}
+
+\newwrite\tempidx
+\def\filterindex{%
+ \IfFileExists{\jobname.idx}{%
+ \begingroup
+ \catcode`\%=12
+ \def\indexentry{\filterindex@parse\filterindex@first@pass}%
+ \immediate\openout\tempidx \jobname.idx.orig
+ \input \jobname.idx
+ \immediate\closeout\tempidx
+ \def\indexentry{\filterindex@parse\filterindex@second@pass}%
+ \immediate\openout\tempidx \jobname.idx
+ % \tracingall
+ \input \jobname.idx.orig
+ \immediate\closeout\tempidx
+ \endgroup
+ }{}%
+}
+
+\def\filterindex@parse{%
+ \catcode`\\=12
+ \filterindex@parse@i
+}
+\long\def\filterindex@parse@i#1#2#3{\filterindex@parse@ii#1#2{#3}}
+\long\def\filterindex@parse@ii#1#2=#3hdclindex#4#5#6{%
+ \catcode`\\=0
+ #1{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}%
+}
+
+\long\def\filterindex@first@pass#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \filterindex@write{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}%
+ \IfStrEq{#4}{main}{%
+ \csdef{\detokenize{filt@#1}}{}%
+ }{}%
+}
+\long\def\filterindex@second@pass#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \ifcsdef{\detokenize{filt@#1}}{%
+ \filterindex@write{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}%
+ }{%
+ }%
+}
+\long\def\filterindex@write#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \immediate\write\tempidx{\string\indexentry\detokenize{{#1=#2hdclindex{#3}{#4}}{#5}}}%
+}
+
+
+
+% Local Variables:
+% TeX-engine: luatex
+% TeX-master: "memoize-code.tex"
+% TeX-auto-save: nil
+% End: \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.tex b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6daa583383
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-code.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{ltxdoc}
+
+\usepackage[left=1cm,right=1cm,top=1cm,bottom=1cm,
+ marginparwidth=0cm,marginparsep=0pt,
+ nohead,includefoot
+]{geometry}
+\settowidth\marginparsep{\ }
+
+% There is a \mmzset in memoize-doc-common.
+\usepackage{nomemoize}
+
+% Hypdoc (which loads hyperref) must be loaded before memoize-code.
+\usepackage{hypdoc}
+\hypersetup{colorlinks=true, allcolors=blue}
+
+\usepackage{memoize-code} % Also loads memoize-doc-common
+
+\pdfsystem{makeindex -s gind.ist \jobname.idx}
+
+\CodelineIndex
+\EnableCrossrefs
+
+\title{The documented source of Memoize, Advice and CollArgs}
+\author{Sašo Živanović\\[2mm]
+ \emailsymbol~\url(mailto:){saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si}\\
+ \homepagesymbol~\url(http://){spj.ff.uni-lj.si/zivanovic}\\
+ \faGithub~\url(https://){github.com/sasozivanovic}}
+
+\datefrompackageversion{collargs}
+\edef\allpackagever{CollArgs v\packagever}
+\datefrompackageversion{advice}
+\epreto\allpackagever{Advice v\packagever, }
+\datefrompackageversion{memoize}
+\epreto\allpackagever{Memoize v\packagever, }
+\let\packagever\allpackagever
+
+\hypersetup{
+ % pdftitle={Memoize},
+ pdfauthor={Sašo Živanović},
+ pdfsubject={externalization},
+ pdfkeywords={LaTeX, externalization, memoization}
+}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitle
+
+\def\docdir{..}
+\DocInput{\docdir/memoize.dtx}
+
+\section{Auxiliary packages}
+\label{sec:code:utils}
+
+\subsection{Extending commands and environments with Advice}
+\label{sec:code:auto}
+
+\DocInput{\docdir/advice.dtx}
+
+\subsection{Argument collection with CollArgs}
+\label{sec:code:collargs}
+
+\DocInput{\docdir/collargs.dtx}
+
+\clearpage
+\restoregeometry
+
+\section{The scripts}
+\label{sec:code:scripts}
+
+\def\continuation{\llap{\textcolor{purple}{$\rightarrow$}\,}}
+
+\subsection{The Perl extraction script \texttt{memoize-extract.pl}}
+
+\lstinputlisting[firstline=20, % manual (exclude the license information)
+ language=Perl,
+ breaklines, breakindent=4em, postbreak=\continuation,
+ commentstyle=,
+]{../memoize-extract.pl}
+
+\subsection{The Python extraction script \texttt{memoize-extract.py}}
+
+\lstinputlisting[firstline=20, % manual (exclude the license information)
+ language=Python,
+ breaklines, breakindent=4em, postbreak=\continuation,
+ commentstyle=,
+]{../memoize-extract.py}
+
+\subsection{The Perl clean-up script \texttt{memoize-clean.pl}}
+
+\lstinputlisting[firstline=20, % manual (exclude the license information)
+ language=Perl,
+ breaklines, breakindent=4em, postbreak=\continuation,
+ commentstyle=,
+]{../memoize-clean.pl}
+
+\subsection{The Python clean-up script \texttt{memoize-clean.py}}
+
+\lstinputlisting[firstline=20, % manual (exclude the license information)
+ language=Python,
+ breaklines, breakindent=4em, postbreak=\continuation,
+ commentstyle=,
+]{../memoize-clean.py}
+
+\clearpage
+
+\IndexPrologue{\section*{Index}Numbers written in red refer to the code line
+ where the corresponding entry is defined; numbers in blue refer to the code
+ lines where the entry is used.}
+
+\setcounter{IndexColumns}{2}
+\def\main#1{\begingroup\hypercolor{link}{red}#1\endgroup}
+\PrintIndex
+
+\end{document}
+
+%%% Local Variables:
+%%% mode: latex
+%%% TeX-engine: luatex
+%%% TeX-master: t
+%%% End:
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-doc-common.sty b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-doc-common.sty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fe6ab0023f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-doc-common.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+%% memoize-doc-common.sty
+%%
+%% This file is a part of Memoize, a TeX package for externalization of
+%% graphics and memoization of compilation results in general, available at
+%% https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize.
+%%
+%% Copyright (c) 2020- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+%% (Sa\v{s}o \v{Z}ivanovi\'{c})
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+%% LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+%% your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+%% https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+%% all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+%% The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+%%
+%% The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+%% (<texmf>/doc/generic/memoize/)FILES.
+
+\ProvidesPackage{memoize-doc-common}
+
+\usepackage[inline,shortlabels]{enumitem}
+\usepackage{tcolorbox}
+\tcbuselibrary{listings,hooks,raster,skins}
+\usepackage{tikz}
+\usepackage{xstring}
+\usepackage{microtype}
+
+\usepackage{listings}
+\lstset{
+ language=[LaTeX]TeX,
+ columns=fullflexible,
+ basicstyle=\ttfamily\small,
+ commentstyle=\color{purple},
+ moredelim={[is][\pstyle]{~}{~}}
+}
+\lstMakeShortInline[moredelim={[is][\pstyle]{~}{~}}]{ˇ}%
+\tcbset{
+ linerange/.style={listing options app={linerange=#1}},
+}
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% title page %
+
+\usepackage{pdftexcmds}
+\let\pdfsystem\pdf@system
+
+% version and date
+\def\datefrompackageversion#1{%
+ \setbox0=\hbox{%
+ \def\ProvidesPackage##1[##2]{%
+ \gdef\@packagever{##2}%
+ \endinput
+ }%
+ \input{#1.sty}%
+ }%
+ \expandafter\parsepackagever@\@packagever\parsepackagever@
+}
+\def\parsepackagever@#1/#2/#3 v#4 #5\parsepackagever@{%
+ \year=#1\relax\month=#2\relax\day=#3\relax
+ \def\packagever{#4}\def\packagedesc{#5}%
+}
+
+\renewcommand\maketitle{%
+ \begingroup
+ \mmzset{disable, auto={tcolorbox}{clear options}}% \mmznext does not work here -- todo: maybe it does now
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[
+ colback=emphcolor,
+ fonttitle=\LARGE\bf,
+ halign title=center,
+ halign upper=center,
+ halign lower=center,
+ tikznode lower,
+ adjusted title=\@title,
+ ]
+ \packagever\\
+ \@date
+ \tcblower
+ \Large\@author
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+ \endgroup
+}
+\colorlet{emphcolor}{yellow!90!black}
+\usepackage{marvosym}
+\let\emailsymbol\Letter
+\let\homepagesymbol\ComputerMouse
+\usepackage{fontawesome} % for \faGithub
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% \verb@eol@error hack %
+
+% The problem: doc.sty (re)defines \verb "to check for newlines in its argument
+% since a missing delimiter is difficult to detect in doc source." In
+% principle, that's great, but I really hate it that I can't use Emacs's
+% "fill-paragraph" without fear of getting the "Text for \noexpand\verb command
+% ended by end of line" error.
+%
+% Solution: the original \verb@eol@error defines a newline (which is active at
+% that point) to throw an error. We redefine \verb@eol@error to define a
+% newline to gobble an immediately following percent character (assuming that
+% we are processing .dtx documentation) and spaces.
+
+\begingroup
+ \obeylines%
+ \gdef\verb@eol@error{\obeylines%
+ \def^^M{\futurelet\verb@eol@nextchar\verb@eol@peek}%
+ }%
+\endgroup
+\gdef\verb@eol@peek{%
+ \if\@percentchar\verb@eol@nextchar
+ \expandafter\verb@eol@ignorepercentchar
+ \else
+ \space % we need one space, though!
+ \expandafter\verb@eol@ignorespaces
+ \fi
+}
+\def\verb@eol@ignorepercentchar#1{% #1 = "%"
+ \@xobeysp\verb@eol@ignorespaces}
+\begingroup\catcode`\ =13 \gdef\verb@eol@otherspace{ }\endgroup
+% |\ignorespaces| wouldn't work here, as our spaces are of category 13
+\def\verb@eol@ignorespaces{%
+ \futurelet\verb@eol@nextchar\verb@eol@ignorespaces@peek}
+\def\verb@eol@ignorespaces@peek{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\verb@eol@otherspace\verb@eol@nextchar
+ \expandafter\verb@eol@ignorespaces@space
+ \fi
+}
+\def\verb@eol@ignorespaces@space#1{\verb@eol@ignorespaces}
+
+% The same hack, but for \lstinline of package listings.
+% https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/473459/16819
+
+\def\lst@InlineM#1{\gdef\lst@inlinechars{%
+ \lst@Def{`#1}{\lst@DeInit\egroup\global\let\lst@inlinechars\@empty}%
+ \lst@Def{13}{\lst@ProcessSpace}}% <---
+ \lst@inlinechars}
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%
+% various %
+
+\usepackage{hologo}
+\def\TikZ;{{\rm Ti\emph{k}Z}}
+\def\PGF;{PGF}
+\newcommand\PGFmanual[1]{%
+ \href
+ {http://mirrors.ctan.org/graphics/pgf/base/doc/pgfmanual.pdf}
+ {\S#1 of the Ti\emph{k}Z \& \textsc{PGF} manual}%
+}
+\newcommand\Alt{\,$\vert$\,}
+\newcommand\hyp{\discretionary{}{}{}}
+\newcommand\fncomma{\ensuremath{{^,}}}
+
+
+% load hyperref before this
+
+\protected\def\hypercolor#1#2{% #1 = url/link/.., #2 = color
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\HyColor@HyperrefColor{#2}\expandonce{\csname @#1color\endcsname}%
+ }%
+}
+
+\RenewDocumentCommand\url{ O{} D(){} m }{%
+ {\hypercolor{url}{#1}\href{#2#3}{\texttt{#3}}}}
+
+\def\pkgcolor{black}
+\NewDocumentCommand\pkg{O{\pkgcolor}m}{{%
+ \hypercolor{url}{#1}%
+ \href{https://ctan.org/pkg/#2}{\texttt{#2}}}}
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-doc.sty b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-doc.sty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a1d7482c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-doc.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,711 @@
+%% memoize-doc.sty
+%%
+%% This file is a part of Memoize, a TeX package for externalization of
+%% graphics and memoization of compilation results in general, available at
+%% https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize.
+%%
+%% Copyright (c) 2020- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+%% (Sa\v{s}o \v{Z}ivanovi\'{c})
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+%% LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+%% your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+%% https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+%% all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+%% The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+%%
+%% The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+%% (<texmf>/doc/generic/memoize/)FILES.
+
+% \usepackage{lstdoc} % this must be loaded before hyperref
+\usepackage{shortvrb}
+\AtBeginDocument{\MakeShortVerb{\|}}
+% \usepackage{hypdoc}
+\usepackage[hyperindex=false]{hyperref}
+\hypersetup{
+ colorlinks=true,
+ allcolors=black,
+ linkcolor=Hyperlink,
+}
+
+\usepackage{microtype}
+%\SetExpansion[context=sloppy,stretch=30,shrink=50,step=1]{encoding=*}{}%
+
+\usepackage{fnpct}
+\usepackage{memoize-doc-common}
+
+% explicitly load advice (and thereby collargs) for when we load nomemoize
+\usepackage{advice}
+
+\usepackage{forest}
+\useforestlibrary{edges}
+
+% \usepackage[extract=latex]{memoize}
+% \usepackage{memoize}
+\usepackage[infoshow]{tracefnt}
+
+\tcbuselibrary{xparse,breakable}
+
+\mmzset{
+ auto={tcolorbox}{memoize, options=verbatim},
+ auto={tcboxedraster}{memoize, options=verbatim},
+ auto={tcbraster}{memoize, options={verbatim,ignore spaces}},
+ auto={tcblisting}{memoize, options={verbatim,ignore spaces}},
+ auto csname={tcbinputexample code}{memoize, args=mmm+m, ignore spaces},
+ auto=\tcbinputlisting{memoize, args=m, options=ignore spaces},
+ % The following doesn't work perfectly, but it's good enough.
+ auto key={/tcb/breakable}{run if memoizing, outer handler=\makeunmemoizableunless{false}},
+ auto key={/tcb/float}{run if memoizing, outer handler=\makeunmemoizableunless{}},
+}
+
+\def\makeunmemoizableunless#1#2\pgfeov{%
+ \ifstrequal{#1}{#2}{}{\mmzUnmemoizable}%
+ \AdviceOriginal#1\pgfeov
+}
+
+\newcommand\introboxtitle[1]{\strut\textcolor{emphcolor}{\textbf{#1}}}
+
+\usepackage{fancyhdr}
+\usepackage[skip=0.3\baselineskip plus 2pt]{parskip}
+\usepackage[bottom]{footmisc}
+\usepackage{xparse}
+\usepackage{multicol}
+
+
+
+
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+
+\usepackage{cprotect}
+\setlist[description]{
+ itemsep=0.3\baselineskip plus 2pt minus 1pt,
+ parsep=0.3\baselineskip plus 2pt
+}
+\SetEnumitemKey{comma}{itemjoin={{, }}}
+\SetEnumitemKey{and}{itemjoin={{, }}, itemjoin*={{, and }}}
+
+% \usepackage{lstdoc} % this must be loaded before hyperref
+%\usepackage{lstautogobble} % todo: does not work!
+\def\listings@file@value@in@reset{}
+\tcbset{
+ listing file/.append code={%
+ \ifmemoizing
+ \ifstrequal{#1}{\jobname.listing}{%
+ % We're in tcolorbox's reset, do nothing
+ }{%
+ \mmzset{
+ context={%
+ listing file={#1},
+ md5sum=\csuse{pdf@filemdfivesum}{#1},
+ },
+ }%
+ }%
+ \fi
+ },
+ centering/.style={before=\centering},
+}
+\colorlet{pointcolor}{green!50!black}
+\def\pstyle{\color{pointcolor}}% todo: hyperlink?
+\setlength\textfloatsep{0.5\baselineskip plus 2pt minus 2pt}
+\tcbset{
+ top=1mm, bottom=1mm,
+ beforeafter skip balanced=0.5\baselineskip plus 2pt minus 2pt,
+ raster every box/.style={top=1mm, bottom=1mm},
+ before upper={\parskip0.3\baselineskip plus 2pt\relax},
+ every box on layer 1/.style={
+ fonttitle=\bfseries,
+ },
+ my listing options/.style={
+ listing options app={
+ moredelim={[is][\pstyle]{~}{~}},
+ commentstyle=\color{purple},
+ morekeywords={unexpanded,expanded,expandonce,NewDocumentCommand,IfValueTF},
+ breakindent=10pt,
+ },
+ },
+ my listing options,
+ % for listings inside a tcboxedraster ...
+ reset/.append style=my listing options,
+ % titles
+ attach shifted boxed title to top right/.style={
+ attach boxed title to top right={
+ xshift=1.5mm, yshift=-\tcboxedtitleheight/2, #1},
+ },
+ attach shifted boxed title to top right/.default={},
+ attach shifted boxed title to top left/.style={
+ attach boxed title to top left={
+ xshift=-1.5mm, yshift=-\tcboxedtitleheight/2, #1},
+ },
+ attach shifted boxed title to top left/.default={},
+ my boxed title/.style={
+ enhanced, title={#1},
+ fonttitle=\scriptsize,
+ boxed title style={size=small},
+ },
+ my boxed title/.value required,
+ extern page/.style={
+ my boxed title=extern page,
+ boxed title style={colback=blue!70!black, colframe=blue!25!white},
+ attach shifted boxed title to top right,
+ },
+ document page/.style={
+ my boxed title=document page,
+ boxed title style={colback=green!60!black, colframe=green!25!white},
+ attach shifted boxed title to top right,
+ },
+ % end titles
+ bad/.style={enhanced,
+ finish={
+ \begin{tcbclipinterior}
+ \draw[red!40!white, opacity=0.4, line width=1cm]
+ (interior.south west)--(interior.north east);
+ \end{tcbclipinterior}
+ },
+ },
+ mark region/.style 2 args={
+ enhanced,
+ underlay={
+ \fill[pointcolor,opacity=0.1]
+ ([yshift=-\kvtcb@boxsep-\kvtcb@top-2.5ex*(#1-1)]interior.north west) rectangle ([yshift=-\kvtcb@boxsep-\kvtcb@top-2.5ex*#2]interior.north east);
+ },
+ },
+ warning/.style={colback=red!15},
+ to be continued on right/.style={
+ frame code={% line thickness is uniform and depends on tcolorbox's leftrule
+ \draw[color=tcbcolframe,
+ line width=2*\kvtcb@left@rule, rounded corners=2*\kvtcb@left@rule,
+ ]
+ (interior.north east)--(interior.north west)
+ --(interior.south west)--(interior.south east);
+ },
+ interior code app={
+ \draw[color=tcbcolframe,line width=\kvtcb@left@rule,dashed]
+ ([xshift=-0.5*\kvtcb@left@rule]interior.south east)
+ --([xshift=-0.5*\kvtcb@left@rule]interior.north east);
+ },
+ },
+}
+\def\examplepdfpath{\examplepath.c1.pdf}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\includeexamplepdf}{ O{} O{\examplepdfpath} D(){} m}{%
+ \mbox{%
+ \tcbincludegraphics[reset,capture=hbox,graphics options={clip,#4},#1]{#2}#3%
+ }%
+}%
+\def\ExampleName#1{\edef\examplename{#1}\ignorespaces}
+\def\makeexample#1{\pdfsystem{make -C \exampledir\space#1}\ignorespaces}
+% \def\makeexample#1{\pdfsystem{make -B -C \exampledir\space#1}}
+\def\examplepath{\exampledir\examplename}
+\RequirePackage{intopdf}
+\RequirePackage{fontawesome}
+\tcbset{
+ example title/.style={
+ enhanced,
+ % uniform height and (zero) depth
+ before title={\begingroup \setbox0\hbox\bgroup},
+ after title={\egroup\ht0 1.2ex \dp0 0pt \box0 \endgroup},
+ title={\texttt{#1}},
+ top=2mm,
+ attach shifted boxed title to top left,
+ fonttitle={\small\hypercolor{link}{white}},
+ },
+ example title/.default=\examplename.tex,
+ attachment/.estore in=\attachmentpath,
+ attachment name/.estore in=\attachmentname,
+ attachment name/.default=noname.tex,
+ no attachment/.style={attach/.style={}},
+ attachment=\jobname.listing.attachment,
+ attachment name,
+ % attach example/.style={
+ % attachment/.expanded=\examplepath.tex.work,
+ % attachment name/.expanded=\examplename.tex,
+ % attach,
+ % },
+ attach/.style={
+ overlay app={%
+ \node at (frame.north east) [
+ fill=white, draw=gray, thick,
+ ellipse, inner xsep=-0.5mm, inner ysep=0, shift={(-2mm,-2mm)}, rotate=45,
+ ]{%
+ \pdfsystem{make -f examples/Makefile \attachmentpath}%
+ \expandafter\myattachandlink\expandafter[\attachmentname]{\attachmentpath}[application/x-tex]{Click here to open the code.}{\rotatebox{-45}{\faPaperclip}}
+ };
+ }
+ },
+ excerpt/.code 2 args={%
+ \makeexample{#2.excerpt SOURCE=#1}%
+ },
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\attachexample{O{\examplename.tex} O{\examplepath.tex.c1.attachment}}{%
+ {\textsuperscript{\kern-0.25em \expandafter\myattachandlink\expandafter[#1]{#2}[application/x-tex]{Click here to open the code.}{\rotatebox{-45}{\faPaperclip}}\kern-0.25em \relax}}}
+\newcommand\myattachandlink[2][\filename]{%
+ \begingroup
+ \def\filename{#2}%
+ \immediate\write\attachments{#2 #1 ## line \the\inputlineno}%
+ \ifmemoizing
+ \xtoksapp\mmzCCMemo{%
+ \immediate\write\attachments{#2 #1 ## line \the\inputlineno}%
+ }%
+ \fi
+ \expanded{%
+ \endgroup
+ \noexpand\attachandlink[#1]{#2}%
+ }%
+}
+\newwrite\attachments
+\immediate\openout\attachments attachments.lst
+\AtEndDocument{\immediate\closeout\attachments}
+
+\NewTCBInputListing{\tcbinputexample}{
+ >{\edef\ProcessedArgument} D(){\examplename} O{.tex} O{.c1} +m }
+{%
+ /mmz/context={dtxmd5sum=\csuse{pdf@filemdfivesum}{\exampledir#1#2.dtx}},
+ example title={#1#2},
+ % enlarge left by=\leftmargin,% this takes care of using this box in lists
+ listing and comment,
+ one file/.style={
+ listing file={\exampledir#1#2#3},
+ attachment={\exampledir#1#2#3},
+ },
+ listing file=\exampledir#1#2#3.listing,
+ /utils/exec={\edef\examplepdfpath{\exampledir#1#3.pdf}},%
+ attachment=\exampledir#1#2#3.attachment,
+ attachment name=#1#2,%
+ #4,
+ attach,
+}
+\nommzkeys{context}
+
+\tcbset{
+ full width/.style={grow to left by=\leftmargin},
+ listing and compile/.style={
+ listing and comment,
+ comment={%
+ \input\examplepath.tex.c#1
+ }
+ },
+ listing and compile/.default=1,
+}
+
+\pgfkeys{
+ /handlers/.detokenize/.style={\pgfkeyscurrentpath/.expand once=\detokenize{#1}},
+ /utils/typeout/.code={\typeout{#1}},
+}
+\let\pdfsystem\pdf@system
+\let\pdffilemdfivesum\pdf@filemdfivesum
+
+\usepackage{booktabs}
+\usepackage{tabularx}
+
+
+\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathmorphing, arrows.meta}
+\usepackage{tikzlings-penguins,tikzlings-koalas,tikzlings-owls}
+\tikzset{
+ ->/.tip={Kite},
+ snake arrow/.style=
+ {->, decorate,
+ decoration={snake, amplitude=.4mm, segment length=2mm, post length=2mm},
+ },
+}
+
+% title page
+\renewcommand\abstractname{\vskip-\baselineskip}
+
+% sections
+\newtcbox{\section@box}[3]{tile,before=\noindent,after=,
+ fontupper=\normalfont#1\bfseries,capture=minipage,
+ colback=emphcolor,
+ boxsep=0mm,top=#2,bottom=#2,left=\oddsidemargin+1in,right=\oddsidemargin+1in,
+ spread sidewards,#3
+}
+
+\newif\ifsectionclearpage
+\sectionclearpagetrue
+\newif\ifsubsectionclearpage
+\subsectionclearpagetrue
+
+\renewcommand\section{%
+ \ifsectionclearpage\clearpage\fi
+ \@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {5mm}{5mm}%
+ {\section@box{\Large}{4mm}{fuzzy halo=1mm with blue!50!gray}}}
+\renewcommand\subsection{%
+ \ifsubsectionclearpage\ifnum\c@subsection=0 \else\clearpage\fi\fi
+ \@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}{1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%
+ {\section@box{\large}{2mm}{fuzzy halo=1mm with blue!50!gray}}}
+\renewcommand\subsubsection{%
+ \mmznext{disable}%
+ \@startsection{subsubsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}{1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%
+ {\section@box{}{2mm}{}}}
+\newtcbox{\paragraph@box}{tile,before=,after=,capture=hbox,
+ fontupper=\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries\hypercolor{link}{black}\vphantom{dj},
+ box align=base,
+ boxsep=0mm,
+ left=\oddsidemargin+1in, enlarge left by=-\oddsidemargin-1in,
+ top=1.2mm, enlarge top by=-1.2mm,
+ bottom=1mm, enlarge bottom by=-1mm,
+ right=12mm, enlarge right by=-8mm, arc=0mm, rightrule=0mm,
+ interior style={left color=emphcolor, right color=white},
+}
+\let\oldparagraph\paragraph
+\def\paragraphskip{3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}
+\RenewDocumentCommand\paragraph{sm}{%
+ \mmznext{disable}%
+ \@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}{\paragraphskip}{-1em}{\paragraph@box}{#2}%
+ \IfBooleanT{#1}{\hspace*{\dimexpr-8mm+0.5em}}%
+ \hskip 0pt plus .5em
+ \IfBooleanF{#1}{\nopagebreak}% % todo: this is bad, if the paragraph is long
+}
+
+\NewTotalTCBox{\Emph}{m}{my code box, fontupper=\rm}{#1}
+\NewTotalTCBox{\EmphTT}{m}{my code box}{#1}
+\NewTotalTCBox{\EmphVerbatim}{v}{my code box}{#1}
+\tikzset{
+ emphshade/.style={
+ opacity=0.6,
+ top color=#1, bottom color=#1, middle color=emphcolor,
+ },
+ emphshade/.default=white,
+}
+\tcbset{
+ my code box/.style={
+ reset, enhanced, verbatim,
+ boxsep=0pt, left=0.3ex,right=0.3ex, box align=base,
+ interior hidden, frame hidden,
+ overlay={\shade[emphshade]
+ ([yshift=0.7ex]frame.north west) rectangle ([yshift=-0.7ex]frame.south east);
+ },
+ },
+}
+
+% verbatim code in the implementation
+\lstdefinestyle{code}{style=tcblatex,xleftmargin=\leftmargin,aboveskip=\parskip}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+\newcommand\therefore{\ensuremath{\Rightarrow}}
+\newcommand\nohyphen{\discretionary{}{}{}}
+\let\gobble\@gobble
+
+\lstset{
+ rangebeginprefix=\ \ \%\%\%\ begin\ listing\ region:\ ,
+ rangebeginsuffix=,
+ rangeendprefix=\ \ \%\%\%\ end\ listing\ region:\ ,
+ rangeendsuffix=,
+ includerangemarker=false,
+ keepspaces=true,
+}
+
+\def\relaxmmzcommands{%
+ \let\mmzPrefix\gobble
+ \let\mmzNewCMemo\gobble
+ \let\mmzNewCCMemo\gobble
+ \def\mmzNewExtern##1##2##3##4##5{}%
+ \let\mmzUsedCMemo\gobble
+ \let\mmzUsedCCMemo\gobble
+ \let\mmzUsedExtern\gobble
+}
+
+\usepackage{xstring}
+\usepackage{placeins}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\makeexcerpt{ m O{.tex} D(){../../memoize.edtx} }{%
+ \ExampleName{#1}%
+ \makeexample{#1#2.excerpt SOURCE=#3}%
+ \ignorespaces
+}
+
+\newcommand\sed[2]{%
+ \begingroup
+ \def\cmd##1{\noexpand\\##1}%
+ \def\0{\bslash0}%
+ \def\1{\bslash1}%
+ \def\2{\bslash2}%
+ \def\3{\bslash3}%
+ \def\4{\bslash4}%
+ \def\5{\bslash5}%
+ \def\6{\bslash6}%
+ \def\7{\bslash7}%
+ \def\8{\bslash8}%
+ \def\9{\bslash9}%
+ \def~{\noexpand~}%
+ \def\n{\string\n}%
+ \def\({\bslash(}%
+ \def\){\bslash)}%
+ \let\lbrace\sedlbrace
+ \let\rbrace\sedrbrace
+ \edef\nobrace{[^\sedlbrace\sedrbrace]}
+ \edef\marg{{[^\sedrbrace]*}}%
+ \def\repeat##1{\bslash\sedlbrace##1\bslash\sedrbrace}%
+ \pdfsystem{sed -i "#1" #2}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+\begingroup
+\catcode`\(=1
+\catcode`\)=2
+\catcode`\{=12
+\catcode`\}=12
+\gdef\sedlbrace({)%
+\gdef\sedrbrace(})%
+\endgroup
+
+\usepackage{pifont}
+\newcommand\yes{{\small\ding{51}}} % pifont
+\newcommand\no{{\small\ding{55}}} % pifont
+
+%\newcommand\oarg[1]{{\ttfamily[}\meta{#1}{\ttfamily]}}
+
+\definecolor{Option}{rgb}{0.118,0.546,0.222}
+\definecolor{Definition}{rgb}{0.784,0.06,0.176}
+\definecolor{ExampleFrame}{rgb}{0.628,0.705,0.942}
+\definecolor{ExampleBack}{rgb}{0.963,0.971,0.994}
+\definecolor{Hyperlink}{rgb}{0.281,0.275,0.485}
+\definecolor{Fade}{rgb}{0.5,0.5,0.5}
+\definecolor{EasyDefinition}{rgb}{0.06,0.784,0.176}
+
+{\catcode`\|=\z@ \catcode`\\=12
+|gdef|bslash{\}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\cs[1]{\texttt{\bslash\detokenize{#1}}}%
+\DeclareRobustCommand\env[1]{\texttt{#1}}%
+%\def\marg#1{{\ttfamily\char`\{}\meta{#1}{\ttfamily\char`\}}}
+\def\marg#1{\hskip 0pt plus 1pt{\ttfamily\char`\{}\meta{#1}{\ttfamily\char`\}}}
+\def\oarg#1{\hskip 0pt plus 1pt{\ttfamily[}\meta{#1}{\ttfamily]}}
+\def\bracestt#1{\hskip 0pt plus 1pt{\ttfamily\char`\{#1\char`\}}}
+\def\braces#1{\hskip 0pt plus 1pt{\ttfamily\char`\{}#1{\ttfamily\char`\}}}
+\def\bracketstt#1{\hskip 0pt plus 1pt{\ttfamily[#1]}}
+\def\brackets#1{\hskip 0pt plus 1pt{\ttfamily[}#1{\ttfamily]}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\meta[1]{%
+ \ensuremath\langle
+ \ifmmode \expandafter \nfss@text \fi
+ {%
+ \meta@font@select
+ \edef\meta@hyphen@restore{\hyphenchar\the\font\the\hyphenchar\font}%
+ \hyphenchar\font\m@ne
+ \language\l@nohyphenation
+ #1\/%
+ \meta@hyphen@restore
+ }%
+ \ensuremath\rangle
+}
+\def\meta@font@select{\rm\itshape}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\metabf[1]{%
+ \begingroup
+ \def\meta@font@select{\rm\itshape\bfseries}%
+ \meta{#1}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+{\catcode`\%=12 \gdef\percentchar{%}}
+\def\coloredpercentchar{\hbox{\textcolor{purple}{\percentchar}}}
+\newcommand\alt{\ensuremath{\vert}}% without space around, unlike \Alt
+\newcommand\code[1]{\texttt{\spaceskip 0.5em plus 0.2em minus 0.2em #1}}
+\newcommand\Arg[1]{\texttt{\##1}}
+
+\def\TikZ{\href{https://ctan.org/pkg/pgf}{{\rm Ti\emph{k}Z}}\xspace}
+\def\PGF{\href{https://ctan.org/pkg/pgf}{PGF}\xspace}
+\def\Emacs{\href{https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs}{Emacs}\xspace}
+\def\AucTeX{\href{https://www.gnu.org/software/auctex}{AUC\hologo{TeX}}\xspace}
+
+% collargs reference, pi = programmer's interface
+% Shrink the glyphs in the footnote if necessary.
+\tcbset{
+ pi/.style={
+ overlay={%
+ \node at (frame.north east) [anchor=north west, inner sep=0] {\footnotemark};
+ },
+ after app={%
+ \footnotetext{%
+ % \adjustspacing=2 % already 2 ... microtype?
+ \myfontexpansionon
+ \yadocset{before/.code={\cspreto{yadoc@name@prefix}{\myfontexpansionon}}}%
+ \mbox{The programmer's interface:} #1.%
+ }%
+ },
+ },
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\myfontexpansionon{%
+ \directlua{font.setexpansion(font.current(),50,50,1)}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\myfontexpansionoff{%
+ \directlua{font.setexpansion(font.current(),0,0,1)}%
+}
+
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+ \setbox0=\hbox{%
+ \footnotesize\ttfamily
+ \directlua{ninettfont=font.current()}%
+ }%
+}
+
+% \AtBeginDocument{%
+% \setbox0=\hbox{%
+% \footnotesize\ttfamily
+% \global\expandafter\let\expandafter\fnttfont\font@name
+% %\expandglyphsinfont\fnttfont 30 500 1 autoexpand
+% }%
+% }
+
+\usepackage{yadoc}
+\newif\ifyadoc@short
+\newif\ifyadoc@long
+\yadocset{
+ name color=Definition,
+ before body=\parskip 0.3\baselineskip plus 2pt,
+ % after body=\medskip,
+ head/.style={
+ interior style={fill, left color=red!5,right color=red!5!black!2},
+ },
+ easy/.style={
+ name color=green!50!black,
+ head/.style={
+ interior style={fill, left color=green!5,right color=black!5},
+ },
+ },
+ keypath color opacity=30,
+ index encapsulator={`},
+ index annotation font=\color{gray},
+ def options/.append style={index page number format=colorhyperpage{red}},
+ aux options/.append style={index page number format=colorhyperpage{red}},
+ ref options/.append style={index page number format=hyperpage},
+ par/.style={parameters={#1}},
+ desc/.style={description={#1}},
+ keypath=/mmz,
+ xparse modifier item/.style={
+ index annotation=\texttt{xparse} modifier,
+ label prefix=xparse,
+ },
+ xparse type item/.style={
+ index annotation=\texttt{xparse} type,
+ label prefix=xparse,
+ },
+ script item/.style={
+ index annotation=script,
+ label prefix=script,
+ parameters prefix=\space,
+ },
+ key path item/.style={
+ index annotation=keypath,
+ label prefix:=keypath:/,
+ name prefix=/,
+ description=keypath,
+ },
+ option item/.style={
+ name prefix={\ifdefempty\yadoc@short@name{}{-\yadoc@short@name\,\Alt\,}--},
+ ref prefix={\protect\ifyadoc@short-\yadoc@short@name\protect\else--},
+ ref suffix={\protect\fi},
+ index prefix={--},
+ index suffix={\ifdefempty\yadoc@short@name{}{\Alt-\yadoc@short@name}},
+ parameters prefix=\ ,
+ label prefix:={\yadoc@of--},
+ index annotation=option of {\docref[into index=false,link color=gray]{\yadoc@of}},
+ },
+ short name/.store in=\yadoc@short@name,
+ short/.is if=yadoc@short,
+ long/.is if=yadoc@long,
+ conditional/.style={
+ parameters={\texttt{true}\Alt\texttt{false}},
+ /utils/exec={%
+ \appto\yadoc@description{default \texttt{true}, initially \texttt{#1}}%
+ },
+ },
+ conditional/.value required,
+ package item/.style={
+ index annotation=package,
+ label prefix=pkg,
+ description=package,
+ },
+ pkg/.style={
+ after/.style={index annotation/.append={\space of package \pkg{#1}}}
+ },
+ hook item/.style={
+ label prefix=hook,
+ index annotation=hook,
+ },
+ pdfvariable item/.style={
+ label prefix=pdfvar,
+ index annotation={\hologo{LuaTeX}'s \refcmd{pdfvariable} register},
+ },
+ pdfcmd item/.style={
+ label prefix=cmd,
+ name prefix={%
+ \textbackslash
+ \protect\ifyadoc@short
+ \protect\else
+ \protect\ifyadoc@long
+ pdf%
+ \protect\else
+ % todo: revert to the real original font rather than just say \rmfamily
+ \rmfamily(\ttfamily pdf\rmfamily)\ttfamily
+ \protect\fi
+ \protect\fi
+ },
+ index prefix=\textbackslash,
+ },
+}
+\def\colorhyperpage#1#2{%
+ \begingroup
+ \hypercolor{link}{#1}%
+ \hyperpage{#2}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+\patchcmd{\@setref}{??}{#3??}{}{}
+\patchcmd{\real@setref}{??}{#3??}{}{}
+
+\mmzset{
+ auto={tcb@manual@entry}{nomemoize},
+ auto={doc}{nomemoize},
+}
+
+\DeclareRobustCommand\refkey[2][]{\docref[#1]{key:#2}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\refmmz[2][]{\docref[#1]{key:/mmz/#2}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\refmmzauto[2][]{\docref[#1]{key:/mmz/auto/#2}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\refmmzpath[2][]{\docref[#1]{key:/mmz/path/#2}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\refcollargs[2][]{\docref[#1]{key:/collargs/#2}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\refenv[2][]{\docref[#1]{env:#2}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\refcmd[2][]{\docref[#1]{cmd:#2}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\reffile[2][]{\docref[#1]{file:#2}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\refkeypath[2][]{\docref[#1]{keypath:#2}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\refpkg[2][]{\docref[#1]{pkg:#2}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\refscript[2][]{\docref[#1]{script:#2}}
+
+\usepackage{xspace}
+\newcommand\dmmz{\docref{file:mmz}\xspace}
+
+\newcommand\hreftt[2]{\href{#1}{\texttt{#2}}}
+
+\ifcsname ifregion\endcsname
+ \ifregion{%
+ \AddToHook{begindocument/before}{%
+ \makeatletter
+ \InputIfFileExists{memoize.aux}{}{}%
+ \makeatother
+ }%
+ \AddToHook{enddocument}{%
+ \printindex
+ }%
+ }
+\fi
+
+\AddToHook{begindocument}{%
+ \robustify\hyperref
+ \robustify\hologo
+ \robustify\Alt
+}
+
+\newcommand\noprint[1]{\setbox0=\hbox{#1}}
+\usepackage{wrapfig}
+
+
+% \usepackage{caption}
+% \captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
+
+% Local Variables:
+% TeX-master: "memoize.tex"
+% TeX-engine: luatex
+% End:
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-extract.1.md b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-extract.1.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..434f2fea2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize-extract.1.md
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+---
+title: memoize-extract
+section: 1
+header: User Manual
+footer: memoize-extract of Memoize v1.0.0
+date: October 10, 2023
+hyphenate: false
+---
+
+# NAME
+memoize-extract.pl, memoize-extract.py - Extract extern pages out of the PDF
+
+
+# SYNOPSIS
+**memoize-extract.pl** [*OPTIONS*] *document.mmz*
+
+**memoize-extract.py** [*OPTIONS*] *document.mmz*
+
+
+# DESCRIPTION
+
+**memoize-extract** is a script accompanying Memoize, a TeX package which
+allows the author to reuse the results of compilation-intensive code such as
+TikZ pictures.
+
+Memoize dumps the created externs (boxes containing the typeset material to be
+reused) onto their own pages in the produced PDF file. It is the job of
+**memoize-extract** to extract these extern pages into separate PDF files. At
+subsequent compilations, Memoize will include those extern files into the
+document, without compiling their source again.
+
+Memoize communicates with **memoize-extract** through file *document.mmz*. When
+*document.tex* is compiled to produce *document.pdf*, Memoize produces
+*document.mmz*, which records which pages in the produced document are extern
+pages and to which extern files they should be extracted. Therefore, after
+compiling *document.tex*, the externs should be extracted by
+**memoize-extract** *document.mmz*.
+
+*document.mmz* also records the expected width and height of each extern. In
+case of a mismatch, **memoize-extract** refuses to extract the page and removes
+the extern file if it already exist, and prints a warning message to the
+standard error. The script furthermore refuses to extract the page if a
+(c)c-memo associated to the extern does not exist, and to write to any file
+whose absolute path does not occur under the current directory or the directory
+set by TEXMFOUTPUT (in *texmf.cnf* or as an environment variable); TEXMFOUTPUT
+is also not allowed to point to the root directory, except on Windows, where it
+can only point to a drive root.
+
+The Perl (.pl) and the Python (.py) version of the script are functionally
+equivalent. The Perl script requires library
+[PDF::API2](https://metacpan.org/pod/PDF::API2), and the Python script requires
+library [pdfrw2](https://pypi.org/project/pdfrw2).
+
+# OPTIONS
+
+**-P, \--pdf** *filename.pdf*
+: The externs will be extracted from *filename.pdf*. By default,
+ they are extracted from *document.pdf*.
+
+**-p, \--prune**
+: Remove the extern pages from the PDF after extraction.
+
+**-k, \--keep**
+: Do not modify the *document.mmz* to mark the externs as extracted. By
+ default, they are commented out to prevent double extraction.
+
+**-f, \--force**
+: Extract the extern even if the size-check fails.
+
+**-l, \--log** *filename*
+: Log size mismatches to *filename* rather than to the standard error.
+
+**-w, \--warning-template** *string*
+: Wrap the size mismatch warning text into the given template: \\warningtext in
+ the template will be replaced by the warning text.
+
+**-q, \--quiet**
+: Don't describe what's happening.
+
+**-e, \--embedded**
+: Prefix all messages to the standard output with the script name.
+
+**-m, \--mkdir**
+: A paranoid *mkdir -p*. (No extraction occurs, *document.mmz* is interpreted as a directory name.)
+
+**-h, \--help**
+: Show help and exit.
+
+**-V, \--version**
+: Show the Memoize version number and exit.
+
+# SEE ALSO
+
+[Memoize manual](https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize), section 6.6.1.
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize.mst b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize.mst
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+encap '`'
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize.pdf b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize.pdf
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize.pdf
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diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize.tex b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/memoize.tex
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1,9094 @@
+\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
+\usepackage[margin=2cm,top=1cm,bottom=1cm,nohead,includefoot]{geometry}
+
+\usepackage{nomemoize}
+\usepackage{memoize-doc}
+\mmzset{
+ % recompile,
+ % readonly,
+ % disable,
+ % inverse search=false,
+ % include context in ccmemo,
+ % direct ccmemo input,
+ % trace,
+}
+\def\exampledir{examples/}
+
+\title{\pkg[white]{Memoize}}
+\author{Sašo Živanović\\[2mm]
+ \emailsymbol~\url(mailto:){saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si}\\
+ \homepagesymbol~\url(http://){spj.ff.uni-lj.si/zivanovic}\\
+ \faGithub~\url(https://){github.com/sasozivanovic}}
+\datefrompackageversion{memoize}
+\preto\packagever{v}
+
+\hypersetup{
+ pdftitle={Memoize},
+ pdfauthor={Sašo Živanović},
+ pdfsubject={externalization},
+ pdfkeywords={LaTeX, externalization, memoization}
+}
+
+\usepackage{makeidx}
+\pdfsystem{makeindex -s memoize.mst \jobname.idx}
+\makeindex
+\usepackage[hangindent=1em,justific=raggedright,font=small]{idxlayout}
+\appto\indexfont{\def\pkgcolor{gray}}
+
+\AddToHook{begindocument}{% so that the region compilation takes these in
+ \docForeign{
+ scope={
+ after/.style={index annotation/.prefix={\hologo{LaTeX}\space}},
+ cmd={name=begin}, cmd={name=end},
+ cmd={name=label}, cmd={name=@currentlabel},
+ cmd={name=ref}, cmd={name=pageref},
+ cmd={name=index},
+ cmd={name=NewDocumentCommand}, cmd={name=GetDocumentCommandArgSpec},
+ env={name=verbatim},
+ cmd={name=ReadonlyShipoutCounter},
+ hook={name=begindocument},
+ cmd={name=usepackage},
+ },
+ scope={
+ before/.style={index annotation=\hologo{TeX} primitive},
+ cmd={name=shipout},
+ cmd={name=hbox}, cmd={name=vbox},
+ cmd={name=ignorespaces}, cmd={name=unskip},
+ cmd={name=errmessage},
+ cmd={name=catcode},
+ cmd={name=mag},
+ },
+ scope={
+ before/.style={index annotation=\hologo{eTeX} primitive},
+ cmd={name=scantokens},
+ cmd={name=currentgrouplevel},
+ },
+ scope={
+ before/.style={index annotation=\hologo{pdfTeX} primitive},
+ cmd={name=quitvmode},
+ },
+ scope={
+ before/.style={index annotation=\hologo{LuaTeX} primitive},
+ pdfcmd={name=savepos},
+ cmd={name=pdfvariable},
+ },
+ pdfvariable={name=compresslevel},
+ pdfvariable={name=horigin},
+ pdfvariable={name=vorigin},
+ scope={
+ after/.style={index annotation/.prefix={\hologo{ConTeXt}\space}},
+ cmd={name=realpageno},
+ },
+ pdfcmd={name=primitive, index annotation=\hologo{LuaTeX}/\hologo{XeTeX} primitive},
+ register={name=pdfmajorversion},
+ register={name=pdfminorversion},
+ scope={
+ after/.style={index annotation/.prefix={\hologo{plainTeX}\space}},
+ cmd={name=llap}, cmd={name=rlap},
+ },
+ scope={
+ pkg=forest,
+ env={name=forest},
+ cmd={name=Forest},
+ },
+ scope={
+ pkg=tikz, keypath=/tikz,
+ cmd={name=tikz},
+ env={name=tikzpicture},
+ key={name=remember picture},
+ key={name=overlay},
+ cmd={name=tikzexternalize},
+ cmd={name=pgfsys@getposition},
+ },
+ file={name=texmf.cnf},
+ env={name=tcblisting, pkg=tcolorbox},
+ cmd={name=vref, pkg=varioref},
+ cmd={name=cref, pkg=cleveref},
+ cmd={name=crefrange, pkg=cleveref},
+ xparse type={name=l, index annotation/.append={\ (up to begin-group)}},
+ xparse type={name=u, index annotation/.append={\ (until tokens)}},
+ xparse type={name=r, index annotation/.append={\ (required delimited)}},
+ xparse type={name=R, index annotation/.append={\ (required delimited with default)}},
+ xparse type={name=d, index annotation/.append={\ (optional delimited)}},
+ xparse type={name=D, index annotation/.append={\ (optional delimited with default)}},
+ xparse type={name=o, index annotation/.append={\ (standard optional)}},
+ xparse type={name=O, index annotation/.append={\ (standard optional with default)}},
+ xparse type={name=t, index annotation/.append={\ (optional token)}},
+ xparse type={name=s, index annotation/.append={\ (optional star)}},
+ xparse type={name=m, index annotation/.append={\ (mandatory)}},
+ xparse type={name=g, index annotation/.append={\ (optional group)}},
+ xparse type={name=G, index annotation/.append={\ (optional group with default)}},
+ xparse type={name=v, index annotation/.append={\ (verbatim)}},
+ xparse type={name=e, index annotation/.append={\ (embellishments)}},
+ xparse type={name=E, index annotation/.append={\ (embellishments with defaults)}},
+ xparse modifier={name=+, index annotation/.append={\ (long)}},
+ xparse modifier={name=!, index annotation/.append={\ (don't ignore spaces)}},
+ xparse modifier={name=>, index annotation/.append={\ (argument processor)}},
+ generic={name=shell-escape, name prefix=-, label prefix:=-,
+ index annotation=option of \hologo{TeX} binaries},
+ generic={name=enable-write18, name prefix=--, label prefix:=--,
+ index annotation=option of \hologo{TeX} binaries},
+ generic={name=TEXMFOUTPUT, index annotation={variable in
+ \reffile[into index=false]{texmf.cnf}}},
+ }%
+ \docindex{%
+ cmd={name=pdfprimitive, see={\refcmd[into index=false,short]{primitive}}},
+ cmd={name=pdfsavepos, see={\refcmd[into index=false,short]{savepos}}},
+ cmd={name=pdfhorigin, see={\docref[into index=false]{pdfvar:horigin}}},
+ cmd={name=pdfvorigin, see={\docref[into index=false]{pdfvar:vorigin}}},
+ cmd={name=pdfcompresslevel, see={\docref[into index=false]{pdfvar:compresslevel}}},
+ pdfvariable={name=majorversion, see={\docref[into index=false,long]{reg:pdfmajorversion}}},
+ pdfvariable={name=minorversion, see={\docref[into index=false,long]{reg:pdfminorversion}}},
+ }%
+}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+
+\maketitle
+\thispagestyle{empty}
+
+\begin{abstract}
+ Memoize is a package for externalization of graphics and memoization of
+ compilation results in general, allowing the author to reuse the results of
+ compilation-intensive code.
+ Memoize
+ \begin{enumerate*}[(i)]
+ \item induces very little overhead, as all externalized graphics is produced
+ in a single compilation. It features
+ \item automatic recompilation upon the change of code or user-adjustable
+ context, and
+ \item automatic externalization of \TikZ pictures and Forest trees, easily
+ extensible to other commands and environments. Furthermore, Memoize
+ \item supports cross-referencing, \TikZ overlays and Beamer,
+ \item works with all major engines and formats, and
+ \item is adaptable to any workflow.
+ \end{enumerate*}
+\end{abstract}
+
+\bigskip
+
+\ExampleName{titlepage}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=2} % N=2, because we show the .mmz file later
+\begingroup
+\tcbset{page box/.style={
+ box align=center,boxsep=2mm,top=0pt,bottom=0pt,left=0pt,right=0pt,
+ enhanced, remember as=#1,
+ }}%
+\begin{tcboxedraster}
+ [raster columns=1]
+ {title=The two steps of externalization of graphics in Memoize}
+ \tcbinputexample{
+ title=\tt doc.tex,
+ listing only,
+ remember as=tex,
+ }
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[example title=doc.pdf, no attachment, remember as=pdf1]
+ \includeexamplepdf[page box=extern1]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\hfill
+ \includeexamplepdf[page box=extern2]{page=2,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\hfill
+ \includeexamplepdf[page box=extern3]{page=3,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\hfill
+ \includeexamplepdf[page box=docpage]{page=4}%
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+ \vspace{10mm}
+ \begin{tcboxedraster}[raster columns=3, raster column skip=1cm]{blankest}
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[example title=.pdf]\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[page box=externfile1]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\hfill
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[example title=.pdf]\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[page box=externfile2]{page=2,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\hfill
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[example title=.pdf]\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[page box=externfile3]{page=3,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\hfill
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+ \end{tcboxedraster}
+\end{tcboxedraster}
+
+\medskip
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[title=Using the externalized graphics]
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[example title=doc.pdf,
+ halign=center, remember as=pdf2]
+ \tcbox[remember, enhanced]{\footnotesize
+ We all love Ti\emph{k}Zlings!
+ \def\mytikzling#1#2{%
+ \tcbox[blankest, baseline=1mm, remember as=used extern #1]
+ {\tikz[x=0.3cm,y=0.3cm]{#2;}}}%
+ \mytikzling1{\penguin} is a penguin,
+ \mytikzling2{\koala} is a koala, and
+ \mytikzling3{\owl} is an owl.
+ }
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture, overlay]
+ \draw[->, snake arrow, thick, red] (tex.west) to[out=-90-60, in=90+60] (pdf1.west);
+ \draw[->, snake arrow, thick, red] (tex.east) to[out=-90+19, in=90-19] (pdf2.east);
+ \draw[->, thick, red] (extern1.south) to[out=south, in=north] (externfile1);
+ \draw[->, thick, red] (extern2.south) to[out=south, out looseness=1.1, in=north, in looseness=0.9] (externfile2);
+ \draw[->, thick, red] (extern3.south) to[out=south, out looseness=0.7, in=north, in looseness=0.9] (externfile3);
+ \draw[->, thick,blue] (externfile1) to[out=south, in=north] ([yshift=0.8mm]used extern 1.north);
+ \draw[->, thick,blue] (externfile2) to[out=south, in=north] (used extern 2.north);
+ \draw[->, thick,blue] (externfile3) to[out=south, in=north] ([yshift=0.3mm]used extern 3.north);
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\endgroup
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[colback=emphcolor, fontupper=\footnotesize]
+ This manual also documents packages Advice
+ ({\datefrompackageversion{advice}v\packagever}) and CollArgs
+ ({\datefrompackageversion{collargs}v\packagever}). These are auxiliary
+ packages which were developed alongside Memoize, but are distributed as
+ independent packages as they might be useful outside the context of Memoize,
+ as well. See sections~\ref{sec:advice} and \ref{sec:ref:advice} for Advice, and
+ sections~\ref{sec:collargs} and \ref{sec:ref:collargs} for CollArgs.
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+
+
+\section*{Introduction}
+\label{sec:intro}
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[
+ title={\introboxtitle{What} is externalization and why you might want it?},
+ ]
+ If you have ever worked on a long document full of \TikZ pictures and maybe
+ Forest trees, you have probably had some compilation-enforced coffee breaks
+ --- even on modern computers, compiling pictures, trees and such takes a lot
+ of time. And you might have wondered, why do I need to compile these
+ pictures over and over again? --- after all, I'm not changing them anymore!
+ Enter \emph{externalization}, a mechanism designed to deal precisely with
+ your issue, by saving the produced pictures into separate PDFs and including
+ those PDFs in subsequent compilations --- in no time at all!
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[
+ title={\introboxtitle{Why} yet another externalization package?},
+ ]
+ \TikZ, the popular and all-powerful graphics language for \TeX, ships
+ including an externalization library (described in \PGFmanual{53}). \TikZ's
+ library does an excellent job, but with one caveat. Assume you're using it
+ for the first time (or after a clean-up) on that long document full of \TikZ
+ pictures and Forest trees. It will take ages to produce all the externalized
+ graphics. Why? Because to get you up to speed, your document has to be
+ compiled many many times --- once for each and every externalized picture.
+ Even with \TikZ's advanced mechanism for skipping the parts of the document
+ irrelevant for the picture at hand, the first externalization can be a
+ daunting task.
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[
+ title={\introboxtitle{How} does Memoize save your time?},
+ ]
+ There is a reason why \TikZ uses an entire compilation cycle to produce a
+ single externalized picture: \TeX\ itself can only produce a single PDF per
+ compilation (at least at the moment). Memoize evades this limitation by
+ dumping the externalized pictures right in the middle of the document
+ (ouch!). More precisely, an externalized picture occurs in the PDF twice,
+ first on a special page of its own and then on a regular page, where you
+ intended it to be. The daring dump obviously necessitates a second step of
+ the procedure, when those special pages are \emph{extracted} into separate
+ PDFs, called \emph{externs}, which are then included into the document in
+ subsequent compilations.
+
+ This two-step procedure, illustrated on the cover page of this manual, is
+ very fast. The first step, which externalizes \emph{all} the pictures into
+ the document itself (the squiggly red arrow), takes virtually no more time
+ than a regular compilation. The time needed for the second step, extraction
+ (the normal red arrows), depends on the system setup, but it ranges from
+ little to almost none.
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[
+ title={\introboxtitle{When} should I use Memoize?},
+ ]
+ In short, whenever you are writing a document containing lots of \TikZ
+ pictures, Forest trees, or other time-consuming constructs, and you are bored
+ waiting for the compilation to finish.
+
+ Using Memoize on a paper containing a single picture does not make much of a
+ difference. But with more complex documents, the speed-up can be immense.
+ For example, the compilation time of my 400-page book containing about 160
+ Forest trees was reduced by more than half, and the compilation time of a
+ 260-page Beamer presentation with a hundred complex dynamic trees went from
+ four minutes to a mere half minute!
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[
+ title={\introboxtitle{How} much extra work does Memoize require?},
+ ]
+ In principle, none.
+
+ For one, while allowing for manual memoization of selected document chunks
+ (\S\ref{sec:tut:memoize}), Memoize features a system which automatically
+ triggers memoization at each invocation of selected commands and
+ environments. Out of the box, Memoize \emph{automemoizes} \TikZ
+ pictures\noprint{\refenv{tikzpicture}} and Forest
+ trees\noprint{\refenv{forest}}, but the author can easily submit (almost) any
+ command or environment to automemoization (\S\ref{sec:tut:automemoization}).
+ Memoize also does its best to automatically prevent memoization of code that
+ cannot be externalized, like \TikZ pictures with \refkey{/tikz/remember
+ picture}, and to abort memoization in case the memoized code yields any
+ errors.
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[
+ title={\introboxtitle{Why} is Memoize not called Externalize?},
+ ]
+ Fundamentally, Memoize is about producing and utilizing \emph{memos} ---
+ pieces of \hologo{TeX} code replicating the effect of the compilation of a
+ document chunk in a computationally less intensive manner. Typically, each
+ memo has an associated extern, which is where the effect of
+ \emph{typesetting} is stored, but conceptually, memos come first. For
+ example, the extern is included back into the document by the memo, and a
+ memo may be associated with any number of externs, including zero.
+
+ Memos solve several externalization-related problems in a generic fashion,
+ allowing for a multitude of applications. For example, they store the
+ information about the associated externs, so that an extern can be integrated
+ back into the document as a box with the original orientation, width, height
+ and depth. They solve the problem of cross-referencing from and into the
+ memoized code by storing its \emph{context} (\S\ref{sec:cross-referencing})
+ and replicating any \cs{label}s which occur in it. They are also crucial for
+ externalizing pictures in Beamer frames overlay by overlay.
+
+ Incidentally, the term ``memoization'' is used with some programming
+ languages to refer to the process of remembering the result of the function,
+ along with the given arguments, so that on subsequent invocations of the
+ function with the same arguments, the result can be returned from memory
+ rather than recomputing it. I would say that, give or take the functions,
+ what Memoize does fits the bill.
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[
+ title={\introboxtitle{How} can I make my command (auto)memoizable?},
+ ]
+ Any command which interacts with the rest of the document, like a command
+ which produces a float, must receive special treatment. Some issues can be
+ resolved from within Memoize. Other issues require a memoization-compatible
+ (re)implementation of the command. It is in the hope that package writers
+ will adapt their ``difficult'' commands to Memoize that this package offers a
+ documented interface to the memoization process, fully described in
+ sections~\ref{sec:tut:package}, \ref{sec:memoization-drivers}
+ and~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization-details}.
+
+ An advanced user might also want to know that Memoize ships with two
+ auxiliary packages, which form the base of Memoize's automemoization feature.
+ Package Advice implements a generic framework for extending the functionality
+ of selected commands and environments, while package CollArgs provides a
+ command which can determine the argument scope of any command whose argument
+ structure conforms to \pkg{xparse}'s argument specification.
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[
+ title={\introboxtitle{What else} is out there?},
+ ]
+ Not long before submitting Memoize to CTAN, I became aware of another new
+ externalization package, \pkg{robust-externalize}, and it seems that the same
+ happened to the author of that package \Smiley, who found the
+ proof-of-concept version of Memoize, which was available
+ at \href{https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize}{GitHub} for a while.
+
+ The key idea behind \pkg{robust-externalize} seems to be to extract the code
+ submitted to externalization into separate files, and add the necessary
+ preamble. While a compilation from scratch takes more time than with Memoize
+ (but less than with \TikZ library), the approach allows for parallel
+ compilation of externs --- nice!
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+\newpage
+\tableofcontents
+
+
+\section{Before you start}
+\label{sec:setup}
+
+\subsection{Installing the extern extraction software}
+\label{sec:install}
+
+Good news: using Memoize can be as easy as writing
+\EmphVerbatim{\usepackage{memoize}} in the preamble.
+
+Bad news: Memoize won't work out of the box. The culprit is the extern
+extraction --- the process which ships the externalized graphics from the main
+document into separate extern files; for details, see the title page
+illustration and the ``How'' box in the Introduction. For the extraction to
+work, you will probably have to install some additional software, and you might
+also have to allow your \hologo{TeX} to execute the extraction script. But
+there's a silver lining: once Memoize is set up, it is set up for good.
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[title=What do I have to do?]
+
+ In principle, all you have to do for Memoize to work \emph{under the default
+ configuration} is install Perl libraries
+ \hreftt{https://metacpan.org/pod/PDF::API2}{PDF::API2} and
+ \hreftt{https://metacpan.org/pod/Path::Class}{Path::Class}; see the Perl
+ section below for the installation guideline.
+
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+Consult section~\ref{sec:extraction} if you want to use an extraction method
+other than the default \refmmz{extract=perl}-based method or adapt Memoize to
+your particular workflow (for example, if you're compiling via a Makefile).
+
+If you installed Memoize through the package manager of your \hologo{TeX}
+distribution, your system should be already set up to allow the execution of
+Memoize's extraction scripts. If this is not the case, please contact either
+me or the maintainer of your distribution; until the issue is resolved, you
+have to either
+\begin{enumerate}[(a)]
+\item compile documents loading Memoize with command-line option
+ \docref{-shell-escape} (on \hologo{TeX}Live) or
+ \docref{--enable-write18} (on MiK\hologo{TeX}), or
+\item set up the restricted shell escape mode to allow for the execution of
+ \refscript{memoize-extract.pl}.\footnote{\label{fn:shell-escape-commands}On
+ \hologo{TeX}Live, execute \code{tlmgr conf texmf shell\_escape\_commands}
+ to get the list of currently allowed commands \meta{current}, then add the
+ script by executing \code{tlmgr conf texmf shell\_escape\_commands
+ \meta{current},memoize-extract.pl}. On MiK\hologo{TeX}, you get the
+ \meta{current} list by \code{initexmf
+ --show-config-value=[Core]AllowedShellCommands[]}, and add to it by
+ \code{initexmf
+ --set-config-value=[Core]AllowedShellCommands[]=\meta{current};memoize-extract.pl}.}
+\end{enumerate}
+
+Once you have set up your system, I advise you to follow the instructions in
+section~\ref{sec:tut:test} to test if the setup was successful.
+
+
+\begingroup
+\setlength\intextsep{0pt}
+
+\paragraph{Perl} If you're running GNU/Linux or macOS, Perl is most likely
+already installed on your system. On Windows, you might have to install it. I
+tested Memoize with Strawberry Perl, available
+at \url(https://){strawberryperl.com}; see \url(https://){www.perl.org} for
+other options.
+
+\begin{wrapfigure}[3]{r}{0.25\linewidth}
+ \raisebox{0.5mm}[\dimexpr\height-0.5mm][\depth]{%
+ \mmznext{no verbatim}
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[
+ % example title=Installing the required libraries in Perl,
+ % attach shifted boxed title to top right,
+ % top=2.5mm,
+ fontupper=\small,
+ left=2mm,
+ force nobeforeafter,
+ ]
+ |cpan PDF::API2|
+
+ |cpan Path::Class|
+ \end{tcolorbox}%
+ }%
+\end{wrapfigure}
+Once Perl is installed on your system, you will need to install two Perl
+libraries as well: the PDF processing library
+\hreftt{https://metacpan.org/pod/PDF::API2}{PDF::API2}, and the cross-platform
+path specification manipulation library
+\hreftt{https://metacpan.org/pod/Path::Class}{Path::Class}. On some GNU/Linux
+distributions, these libraries are included as packages --- just use your
+package manager to install them. Otherwise, install them from
+\hreftt{https://www.cpan.org}{CPAN} using
+\hreftt{https://metacpan.org/pod/CPAN}{cpan} tool, as shown in the box.
+
+
+\paragraph{Python} Installing (Python and) the required Python library is only
+necessary if you decide to use the Python-based extraction script; see
+section~\ref{sec:extraction}.
+
+If you're running GNU/Linux, install Python using your package manager.
+Otherwise, download the installer from \url(https://){www.python.org}. You can
+install Python even if you don't have administrator privileges: simply uncheck
+the ``Install launcher for all users'' when running the installer.
+
+\begin{wrapfigure}[2]{r}{0.25\linewidth}
+ \raisebox{0.2mm}[\dimexpr\height-0.2mm][\depth]{%
+ \mmznext{no verbatim}
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[
+ % example title=Installing the required library in Python,
+ % attach shifted boxed title to top right,
+ % top=2.5mm,
+ fontupper=\small,
+ left=2mm,
+ nobeforeafter,
+ ]
+ |pip install pdfrw2|
+ \end{tcolorbox}%
+ }%
+\end{wrapfigure}
+
+Once Python is installed on your system, you will also need to install the
+|pdfrw2| library (or its predecessor, |pdfrw|, which will work just as well).
+Some GNU/Linux distributions offer this library as a package; if this is not
+the case, and on other operating systems, install it
+from \href{https://pypi.org}{The Python Package Index}
+using \href{https://pip.pypa.io}{pip} tool (if you
+run \href{https://pip.pypa.io}{pip} as a superuser, it will install the library
+system-wide, otherwise locally), as shown in the box.
+
+\endgroup % \intextsep
+
+
+\subsection{The configuration commands}
+\label{sec:mmzset}
+
+Memoize can be configured using command \Emph{\refcmd{mmzset}\marg{keylist}}
+(and friends). The \meta{keylist} argument is a comma-separated list of
+configuration settings, each setting having the form \meta{key}|=|\meta{value},
+or sometimes just \meta{key}. The \meta{keylist} argument is processed by package
+\pkg{pgfkeys} (see \PGFmanual{88}), so you can use all the bells and whistles
+of that fantastic PGF utility (like easily defining your own styles).
+
+Here's some examples of \refcmd{mmzset}. For one, to whet your appetite to learn
+about the various keys in the \refkeypath{/mmz} path, but more importantly now, to show
+you that white-space is irrelevant in the \meta{keylist} argument, so you can
+format the keylist as you wish --- as long as it does not contain an empty
+line.\footnote{I like to add a comma after the final key as well, as shown in
+ the bottom left example, because if I don't, I often forget to insert it when
+ I add more keys.}
+
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=4, raster valign=bottom]
+ \begin{tcboxedraster}[raster columns=1]{blankest, raster multicolumn=3, valign=bottom}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only}
+~\mmzset~{memo dir,recompile,memoize=circuitikz}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only}
+~\mmzset~{memo dir, recompile, memoize=circuitikz}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+ \end{tcboxedraster}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only}
+~\mmzset~{
+ memo dir,
+ recompile,
+ padding=2in}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+\end{tcbraster}\par
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=4, raster valign=top]
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only, raster multicolumn=2}
+~\mmzset~{
+ memo dir, readonly,
+ memoize=\qrcode{om},
+ deactivate=\label,
+ disable,
+}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only}
+~\mmzset~{
+ memo dir,
+ recompile,
+ % comment
+ padding=2in
+}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only, bad}
+~\mmzset~{
+ memo dir,
+ recompile,
+
+ padding=2in
+}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+\end{tcbraster}
+
+Command \refcmd{mmzset} can be used any time after loading the package. It is
+very common in the preamble, but also useful in the document body, where its
+effect is local to the \hologo{TeX} group.\footnote{Any keys with a non-local
+ effect are explicitly marked as such in the reference section.} For example,
+you can use the idiom on the left below to force recompilation of a single
+Forest tree somewhere in the middle of the document (in the code listings
+below, highlighting marks the resulting scope of the \refmmz{recompile}
+directive). However, as applying some setting to a single piece of
+automatically memoized code is common, Memoize provides a special command for
+the occasion: the keys given as the argument of \Emph{\refcmd{mmznext}} will be
+applied only at the next instance of automemoization, overriding any keys set
+by \refcmd{mmzset} in case of a conflict. If the command is given more than
+once, only the final invocation takes effect.
+
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=2, raster equal height=rows, raster force size=false]
+\begin{tcblisting}{listing only, mark region={3}{6}}
+~{~
+ ~\mmzset~{recompile}
+ \begin{forest}
+ [VP[V][DP]]
+ \end{forest}
+ % ...
+~}~
+\end{tcblisting}
+\begin{tcblisting}{listing only, add to width=-1em, mark region={3}{5}}
+% ...
+~\mmznext~{recompile}
+\begin{forest}
+ [VP[V][DP]]
+\end{forest}
+% ...
+
+\end{tcblisting}
+\end{tcbraster}
+
+I like to follow |\usepackage{memoize}| by \refcmd{mmzset}, but if you prefer, you
+can also provide the document-wide configuration as \Emph{package options.}
+Note, however, that \hologo{LaTeX} removes spaces from package
+options, so keys such as \refmmz{memo dir} won't work. That said, the following are
+equivalent --- both will force re-externalization of all the externs in the
+document.
+
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=2, raster equal height=rows]
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only}
+\usepackage{memoize}
+\mmzset{recompile}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only}
+\usepackage[recompile]{memoize}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+\end{tcbraster}
+
+
+\subsection{The configuration file}
+\label{sec:memoize.cfg}
+
+Memoize allows you to configure settings which apply to more than just one
+document. It does that by attempting to load file \Emph{\reffile{memoize.cfg}}
+just before executing package options. Given how \hologo{TeX} searches for
+files, the location of this file determines whether it applies system-wide,
+user-wide or directory-wide. The directory-wide location is clearly the
+directory itself. The user-wide and system-wide location depend on the
+\hologo{TeX} distribution and which format(s) you want to use
+\reffile{memoize.cfg} with:\footnote{The |memoize| subfolder is not
+ obligatory.}
+
+\begin{center}
+ \meta{the relevant texmf tree root}|/tex/|\meta{format}|/memoize/memoize.cfg|
+\end{center}
+
+You can say |generic| for \meta{format} if you want the configuration file to
+be accessible by all formats, otherwise \meta{format} should be one of the
+formats supported by Memoize: |plain|, |latex| or |context|. The texmf root
+directory depends on the distribution, here's how to figure out what it is:
+
+\begin{tcboxedraster}
+ [raster columns=1, raster valign=top, raster force size=false]
+ {title=The roots of TEXMF trees}
+\begin{tcolorbox}[title={\hologo{TeX} Live\hfill\url[white](https://){tug.org/texlive}}]
+ \begin{description}[itemsep=0pt]
+ \item[user-wide]
+ |tlmgr conf texmf TEXMFHOME|
+ or |kpsewhich -var-value TEXMFHOME|\\
+ the default (on Linux): |/home/|\meta{username}|/texmf|
+ \item[system-wide]
+ |tlmgr conf texmf TEXMFLOCAL|
+ or |kpsewhich -var-value TEXMFLOCAL|\\
+ the default (on Linux): |/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local|
+ \end{description}
+
+ \smallskip
+ Don't forget to run |texhash| or |mktexlsr| after creating \reffile{memoize.cfg}.
+\end{tcolorbox}
+\begin{tcolorbox}[title={MiK\hologo{TeX}\hfill\url[white](https://){miktex.org}}, before upper={\parskip0.3\baselineskip plus 2pt\relax},]
+ Open the MiK\hologo{TeX} Console, select the ``Settings'' page and then the
+ ``Directories'' tab.
+
+ If there is a folder marked with the ``Generic'' purpose with attribute
+ ``User'' (for a user-wide \reffile{memoize.cfg}) or ``Common'' (for a system-wide
+ \reffile{memoize.cfg}), that's the folder you are looking for. Otherwise, create a
+ folder following MiK\hologo{TeX}'s instructions and add it to the list.
+
+ Don't forget to click ``Refresh file name database'' (in the ``Tools'' menu
+ of the MiK\hologo{TeX} Console) after creating \reffile{memoize.cfg}.
+\end{tcolorbox}
+\end{tcboxedraster}
+
+Note that a directory config file will override the user config, and the user
+config will in turn override the system-wide one. This should not concern you
+too much, because you will probably only want to use the user-wide config
+anyway,\cprotect\footnote{If you want to have a directory-wide configuration
+ based on (rather than overriding) the user-wide configuration, your could
+ write down the real user-wide config in, say, |memoize.user.cfg| (located
+ user-wide), and then |\input| this file by both the user-wide and the
+ directory-wide \reffile{memoize.cfg}. Of course, the same logic can be used to base
+ a user-wide config on the system-wide one.} which might look something like
+this:
+
+\ExampleName{memoize}
+\makeexample{\examplename.cfg.c1}
+\tcbinputexample[.cfg]{listing only}
+
+I recommend including \refmmz{memo dir} in your \reffile{memoize.cfg},
+as shown in the first line. It reduces the clutter in the document
+directories; see section~\ref{sec:tut:memodir} for details.
+
+The \refmmz{extract} line concludes the story on ``permanently'' selecting the
+extraction method, started in chapter~\ref{sec:setup}. As the final note,
+observe that key \refmmz{extract} only makes sense as a package option or as a
+\refcmd{mmzset} key in \reffile{memoize.cfg}. It will have no effect as a
+\refcmd{mmzset} key in the document, because the extraction happens while the
+package is loaded.
+
+
+
+\section{Your first memoized documents}
+\label{sec:tut}
+
+\subsection{Let's see if it works!}
+\label{sec:tut:test}
+
+\ExampleName{test}
+\noprint{\refcmd{tikz}\refenv{tikzpicture}\refenv{forest}}%
+
+Take example file \texttt{\examplename.tex},\footnote{Where can you find
+ the example files? For one, they are integrated into this manual, so if your
+ PDF viewer supports attachments, you can simply click on the paperclip icon
+ on the top right of the example box (even if you're offline). Otherwise,
+ visit the |examples| subdirectory of wherever you found this document
+ \Smiley. Online, the Memoize documentation can be found at CTAN:
+ \url{https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize}; and if your \hologo{TeX} installation
+ includes the documentation, you should also find it in directory \meta{the
+ root of your \hologo{TeX} installation}|/doc/generic/memoize|.
+
+ Incidentally, while we present a full example document in this section, many
+ code listings will only present the parts of the file relevant for the
+ discussion, for brevity. The example \emph{files}, however, will remain
+ full, compilable documents, including the document preamble etc.} or some
+simple document containing a \TikZ picture or a Forest tree, add
+\EmphVerbatim{\usepackage{memoize}} to the preamble,\footnote{Memoize likes to
+ be loaded early. If you get the error \texttt{Extern extraction from
+ document \meta{jobname}.pdf was unsuccessful}, move
+ \cs{usepackage}\bracestt{memoize} up the preamble; see
+ section~\ref{sec:loading-order} for details.} and compile it twice.
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item The first compilation of the example should produce a three-page PDF.
+ The first two pages are the \emph{extern pages} holding the externalized
+ graphics, while the final page is the (sole page of the) real document. Note
+ that you can see each extern twice: first on a page of its own, and then
+ wherever it belongs to in the real document.
+\item At the second compilation, the extern pages should have disappeared from
+ the PDF, meaning they were successfully extracted into extern files, which
+ are now embedded into the main document.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ sidebyside,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,left=2mm,right=2mm]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\quad
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,left=2mm,right=2mm]{page=2,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\\[2ex]
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=3}
+ },
+}
+
+You might want to play with this example a bit now.
+For example, if you reverse the order of the \TikZ picture and the Forest
+tree, you should notice that the externs don't get recompiled. You won't see
+any extern pages again until you change the actual code of the picture or the
+tree --- or until you add some other picture or tree, of course.
+
+If you \emph{don't} want to automatically memoize \TikZ pictures and/or Forest
+trees, you can switch off their \emph{automemoization} using key
+\Emph{\refmmz{deactivate}}. This key takes a list of command and environment
+names. As you can see below, the command and the environment must be
+deactivated separately.
+
+\begin{tcblisting}{listing only}
+\mmzset{
+ deactivate={\tikz, tikzpicture}, % deactivate automemoization of all TikZ pictures
+ deactivate=\tikz, % deactivate only the command
+ deactivate=tikzpicture, % deactivate only the environment
+}
+\end{tcblisting}
+
+
+\subsection{Memoizing by hand}
+\label{sec:tut:memoize}
+
+In the previous section, we have compiled our very first document which used
+Memoize. In that document, we only had to load the package, as Memoize knows
+how to externalize \TikZ pictures and Forest trees without any help from the
+author. But what if you want to externalize some other code? The manual way of
+doing this is by surrounding the code by a \Emph{\refenv{memoize}} environment,
+or by making it the argument of the \Emph{\refcmd{mmz}} command. The only
+difference between the two is that the environment, but not the command,
+ignores any spaces surrounding the given code.
+
+\ExampleName{manual}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.528,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\hfill
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=2,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}
+ },
+}
+
+Both the \refenv{memoize} environment and the \refcmd{mmz} command take a
+configuration keylist as the optional argument, so their full syntax is
+\cs{begin}\marg{\refenv{memoize}}\oarg{keylist}\meta{code to be
+ externalized}\cs{end}\marg{\refenv{memoize}} and and
+\refcmd{mmz}\oarg{keylist}\marg{code to be externalized}. The keys given in
+this optional argument take precedence over the keys set by \refcmd{mmzset}.
+Note that \refcmd{mmznext} does not apply to manual memoization.
+
+Manual memoization is great for one-shot memoizations, but you can use it
+within your own macros as well. For example, assume that you don't want to
+externalize \TikZ pictures in general (so you have \refmmz{deactivate}d
+automemoization of the \cs{tikz} command, as explained at the end of
+section~\ref{sec:tut:test}), but that you want to easily memoize selected
+pictures. You could define a memoized variant of the \cs{tikz} command, as shown
+below (and similary for the environment). (Note the |%| comment characters in
+the definition of |\mmztikz|. The definition was intentionally broken into
+several lines to remind you that the spaces around the argument of \refcmd{mmz}
+matter.)
+
+\ExampleName{mmztikz}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}
+ \quad
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=2}
+ },
+}
+
+\clearpage
+\subsection{Memoizing automatically}
+\label{sec:tut:automemoization}
+
+Out of the box, Memoize automatically externalizes \TikZ pictures and Forest
+trees. Let us see how other commands and environments can be submitted to this
+\emph{automemoization} process.
+
+We start with the simpler case of environments (fortunately, externalizing
+environments also makes sense more often than externalizing commands). You can
+submit an environment to automemoization by writing
+\EmphTT{\refmmz{auto}=\marg{environment name}\braces{\refmmzauto{memoize}}} (as
+a key in \refcmd{mmzset}). The natural (but not the only possible) location
+for this instruction is the preamble. Below, we automemoize environment
+\env{circuitikz} of package \pkg{circuitikz}, used for drawing electronic
+circuits.\footnote{In section~\ref{sec:tut:test}, we learned that
+ automemoization can be switched off using key \refmmz{deactivate}. Memoize
+ also offers key \refmmz{activate}, but you probably won't have to use it, as
+ an \refmmz{auto} declaration automatically activates the submitted command.}
+
+\ExampleName{automemoize-environment}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.6,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in,scale=0.8}
+ },
+}
+
+Commands are a bit harder to automemoize, because Memoize cannot possibly know
+how far the arguments of a command extend (in contrast, the end of an
+environment is clearly marked). With commands, we must inform Memoize about
+their argument structure, which we achieve using key \refmmzauto{args} in the
+second argument of key \refmmz{auto}:
+\EmphTT{\refmmz{auto}=\meta{command}\braces{\refmmzauto{memoize},
+ \refmmzauto{args}=\marg{argument specification}}}. We can only leave out
+\refmmzauto{args} if the command was defined by \refcmd{NewDocumentCommand} or
+similar; in this case, Memoize can retrieve the argument specification on its
+own.
+
+And how does the \meta{argument specification} look like? It is a sequence of
+letters, each letter determining an argument type. Memoize recognizes the same
+argument types and their letters as package \pkg{xparse} (which defines
+\refcmd{NewDocumentCommand} and friends), so you should look at (section 1 of)
+the documentation of that package for details, if and when you need them.
+Here, we focus on the two most commonly used types, \docref{xparse:m} and \docref{xparse:o}, and add the
+optional star for good measure:
+\begin{center}
+ \begin{tabular}{lll}
+ \toprule
+ letter & argument type & example\\
+ \midrule
+ \docref{xparse:m} & mandatory argument \\
+ & --- either surrounded with braces & |\foo{arg}|\\
+ & --- or a single token & |\foo a|\\
+ \docref{xparse:o} & optional argument, surrounded with brackets & |\foo[arg]|\\
+ \docref{xparse:s} & optional star & |\foo*|\\
+ \bottomrule
+ \end{tabular}
+\end{center}
+
+Below, we write |args=om| because command \cs{qrcode} (of package \pkg{qrcode})
+takes two arguments: a bracketed optional argument, followed by a mandatory
+argument (in braces).
+
+\ExampleName{automemoize-command}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.603, top=0mm,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\quad
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=2,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}
+ },
+}
+
+This should get you started with automemoization. We'll provide some further
+basic information in sections~\ref{sec:tut:working-on-a-picture}
+and~\ref{sec:tut:verbatim} of the tutorial, but only package writers will
+probably ever need the gory details from
+section~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization-details}. It is my sincere hope that they
+will support Memoize in their packages, where necessary, so that you don't even
+have to write the \refmmz{auto} declarations, but there is one thing you should
+know if you encounter a package supporting Memoize: you should load it
+\emph{after} Memoize!
+
+
+
+\subsection{Working on a picture}
+\label{sec:tut:working-on-a-picture}
+
+
+Memoize automatically recompiles a picture when the code producing the picture
+changes. However, sometimes we can modify a picture without changing its code,
+like when we modify the definition of a command used in the code. In the
+example below, a predefined style |emph| is applied to the node, producing a
+node with a red background. Let's say we compile the document (with
+memoization) and then change this style to set the yellow background.
+Curiously, the node will remain red.
+
+\ExampleName{recompile}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=3}
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=2, raster valign=top, raster column skip=4mm]
+ \tcbinputexample{
+ after title pre={\ (version~1)},
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=2}
+ },
+ }
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.c2]{
+ no attachment,
+ after title pre={\ (version~2)},
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=1}
+ },
+ }
+\end{tcbraster}
+
+The curious thing happens (or rather, doesn't happen) because Memoize doesn't
+keep track of how commands and styles are defined; it just uses the extern file
+it created when the old style was in effect. To get a yellow node, we must ask
+Memoize to reexternalize the picture. The simplest way to do that is by using
+the \Emph{\refmmz{recompile}} key; below, we write
+\refcmd{mmznext}\bracestt{\refmmz{recompile}} just before the picture and
+compile the document again (remember from section~\ref{sec:mmzset} that
+whatever keys we provide through \refcmd{mmznext} only apply to the instance of
+automemoization). After the compilation, we may (and should) remove the
+\refmmz{recompile} directive (otherwise, Memoize will produce the extern page
+again and again).
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c3]{
+ no attachment,
+ after title pre={\ (version~3)},
+ sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.6,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=2}
+ },
+}
+
+It is also common to put (again, for the space of a single compilation)
+\refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{recompile}} in the preamble, or to use
+\refmmz{recompile} as the package option. Either will remake all the
+externalized graphics in the document, so you can be sure all of them use the
+latest version of your macros and styles.
+
+We'll revisit the issue of memoized code depending on macros and styles defined
+elsewhere in section~\ref{sec:tut:redefinitions}. In this section, we will
+learn how the issue can be \emph{avoided}, at least to some extent. One idea
+is to turn off memoization for the picture(s) we are currently working on;
+another idea is to let Memoize know which definitions the picture relies on.
+The simplest way to achieve the former is by using key \Emph{\refmmz{disable}};
+by putting it into a \hologo{TeX} group, we can localize its effect to the
+selected pictures.
+
+\ExampleName{disable}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ sidebyside,
+ lefthand ratio=0.6,
+ top=0mm, % manual top, bottoms and \\[...] to fit the page
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,bottom=0.8mm]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\\[0.5mm]
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,bottom=0.8mm]{page=2,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\\[0.5mm]
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page,bottom=0.8mm]{page=3}
+ },
+}
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[warning]
+ As you can imagine, key \refmmz{disable} is complemented by \refmmz{enable},
+ but it is perhaps worth mentioning a problem that can arise if you disable
+ memoization for a part of your document by enclosing it in a pair of
+ \refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{disable}} and
+ \refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{enable}}. Yes, it might work at the moment,
+ but say you later (e.g.\ when you are preparing the final version of the
+ document) decide to disable memoization for the entire document, and say you
+ try to do this by writing \refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{disable}} in the
+ preamble. As shown below on the left, you're in for a surprise: memoization
+ will still be enabled in the part of the document following
+ \refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{enable}}! The solution is to always disable
+ memoization for a part of the document by using
+ \refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{disable}} in a \hologo{TeX} group (i.e.\ the
+ braces), as shown on the right. (In the examples below, the shaded areas
+ mark the parts of the document where memoization is \emph{disabled}.)
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+\makeexample{disable-bad.tex.c1}
+\makeexample{disable-good.tex.c1}
+\makeexample{disable-nomemoize.tex.c1}
+\makeexample{disable-nommz.tex.c1}
+\makeexample{disable-auto-cmd.tex.c1}
+\makeexample{disable-auto-env.tex.c1}
+
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=2, raster equal height=rows]
+ \tcbinputexample(disable-bad){
+ listing and comment, bad, mark region={4}{7},
+ comment={\raggedright The upper \refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{disable}}
+ does not have the intended effect,
+ i.e.\ it doesn't apply to the whole document!}}
+ \tcbinputexample(disable-good){
+ listing and comment, mark region={4}{10},
+ comment={\raggedright The upper \refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{disable}} applies
+ to the entire document, as expected.}}
+\end{tcbraster}
+
+In fact, it might be better to disable memoization using environment
+\Emph{\refenv{nomemoize}} or macro \Emph{\refcmd{nommz}}. I also like these
+commands because it is easy to add and remove prefix |no| to switch manual
+memoization (triggered using environment \refenv{memoize} or macro
+\refcmd{mmz}) off and on.
+
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=2, raster equal height=rows]
+ \tcbinputexample(disable-nomemoize){listing and comment, mark region={2}{2},
+ comment=\raggedright Disable using the dedicated environment.}
+ \tcbinputexample(disable-nommz){listing and comment, mark region={2}{2},
+ comment=\raggedright Disable using the dedicated command.}
+\end{tcbraster}
+
+It is also possible to disable memoization for all occurrences of a selected
+command or environment. In fact, we're already familiar with the procedure
+from section \ref{sec:tut:automemoization}, where we used key
+\refmmzauto{memoize} inside the second argument of \refmmz{auto} to
+automatically memoize all instances of the command or environment given as the
+first argument. All we have to do to auto-disable rather than auto-memoize, is
+substitute \refmmzauto{nomemoize} for \refmmzauto{memoize}. Note that this
+prevents memoization of not only the given command or environment, but also of
+any (manual or automatic) memoization which would otherwise occur during its
+execution; for example, if |\foo| executes \cs{tikz} under the hood,
+autodisabling |\foo| prevents memoization of the inner \cs{tikz}, even though
+that command is normally automemoized.
+
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=2, raster equal height=rows]
+ \tcbinputexample(disable-auto-cmd){
+ listing and comment,
+ mark region={3}{3}, mark region={5}{5},
+ comment=\raggedright Autodisable within a command.,
+ }
+ \tcbinputexample(disable-auto-env){
+ listing and comment,
+ mark region={3}{5},
+ comment=\raggedright Autodisable within an environment.,
+ }
+\end{tcbraster}
+
+All that said, Memoize actually offers a neater way to switch off the
+externalization for the picture I'm currently working on. The
+\Emph{\refmmz{readonly}} key instructs Memoize to use whatever externs it had
+already produced (thereby reducing the document compilation time), but to
+abstain from producing any new externs. In effect, the stuff we are currently
+working on does not undergo memoization and therefore does not produce the
+clutter which can potentially lead to trouble described in the \refmmz{recompile}
+examples above.
+
+What I like to do is load the package using |\usepackage[readonly]{memoize}|,
+work on stuff, and once I'm happy with the most recent pictures, remove
+\refmmz{readonly} from the package options for one compilation.
+
+\ExampleName{readonly}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=2}
+
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=5, raster valign=top, raster column skip=4mm]
+ \tcbinputexample{
+ raster multicolumn=2,
+ after title pre={\ (work in progress)},
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=1}
+ },
+ }
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.c2]{
+ raster multicolumn=3,
+ no attachment,
+ title={\tt readonly.tex} (the final version),
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\quad
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=2}
+ },
+ }
+\end{tcbraster}
+
+We're now ready to tackle a completely different way of avoiding the issue, by
+informing Memoize which definitions the externalized picture depends on. We do
+this by appending these definitions to \emph{context} --- when the context of a
+picture changes, Memoize recompiles the picture, same as if the code of the
+picture itself was changed. (We will talk about context in more detail in
+section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing}.)
+
+A command can be added as a dependency using key \Emph{\refmmz{meaning to
+ context}}. Below, we make the following externalized picture depend on the
+definition of macro \cs{answer}; changing this definition will result in the
+recompilation of the extern. In general, \refmmz{meaning to context} accepts a
+comma-separated list of command and environment names, e.g.\
+\code{\refmmz{meaning to context}=\bracestt{\cs{foo},bar}} (note the braces).
+
+Memoize offers several variants of \refmmz{meaning to context}, applicable to
+various types of commands. For example, the easiest way of making the picture
+depend on the definition of a \pkg{pgfkeys} style is to use handler
+\Emph{\refkey{/handlers/.meaning to context}} --- note the dot in the name, and
+observe that \code{emph/.meaning to context} below is executed within
+\cs{tikzset}, not \refcmd{mmzset}; see \PGFmanual{87} to learn about key
+handlers.
+
+\ExampleName{meaning-to-context}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=2}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ after title pre={\ (version~1)},
+ sidebyside,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}
+ },
+}
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c2]{
+ after title pre={\ (version~2)},
+ sidebyside,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}
+ },
+ no attachment,
+}
+
+All variants of \refmmz{meaning to context} (see reference
+section~\ref{sec:ref:memoization:basic} for the full list) may be used within
+the externalized picture itself, e.g.\ \code{\cs{node}[emph,
+ emph/\refkey{/handlers/.meaning to context}]\bracestt{...}} is perfectly
+valid --- and also handy when you want to limit the effect of the handler to a
+single picture, as \refkey{/handlers/.meaning to context} cannot be used within
+\refcmd{mmznext}.
+
+
+
+\subsection{Keeping a clean house}
+\label{sec:tut:memodir}
+
+Memoize produces lots of auxiliary files. For each piece of memoized code, it
+produces two \emph{memo} files (we will learn more about these in
+section~\ref{sec:memos}), which will be joined by the extern PDF upon the next
+compilation.\footnote{If you're using the \hologo{TeX}-based extraction, each
+ extern (|.pdf|) is also accompanied by a log file (|.log|) produced during
+ the compilation that extracted the extern.} You can recognize these files
+easily: their names start with the name of your document and include one or two
+long hexadecimal numbers.
+
+\ExampleName{dirty-house}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+{
+ \relaxmmzcommands
+ \edef\marshal{%
+ \noexpand\def\noexpand\mynewextern.//\examplename
+ }\marshal.#1-#2.pdf\relax{%
+ \forestset{
+ append={[\examplename.#1.memo\vphantom{p},pointcolor]},
+ append={[\examplename.#1-#2.memo\vphantom{p},pointcolor]},
+ append={[\examplename.#1-#2.pdf,pointcolor]},
+ }%
+ }
+ \tcbinputexample{
+ comment={%
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[reset, left=2mm, bottom=0mm,
+ my boxed title=the folder contents (after two compilations),
+ attach shifted boxed title to top right,
+ ]
+ \begin{forest}
+ before typesetting nodes={for tree={
+ font=\scriptsize\tt, grow'=0, folder, s sep=0}},
+ [\meta{the document folder}, inner xsep=0,
+ TeX={%
+ \def\mmzNewExtern##1##2##3##4##5{\mynewextern##1\relax}%
+ \input{\examplepath.mmz}%
+ },
+ [\examplename.tex]
+ [\examplename.pdf]
+ [\normalsize\dots, no edge]
+ [\examplename.mmz, tikz={\draw[dotted](.east)--+(5em,0ex) node [anchor=south west, yshift=-1ex, align=justify, text width=14em, font=\footnotesize]{This is another auxiliary file produced by Memoize. We will mention it at the end of the section.};}]
+ ]
+ \end{forest}
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+ },
+ }
+}
+
+To top it off, changing the memoized code will produce new memo (and extern)
+files, with the old files staying in place. This is all by design --- the
+first hexadecimal number in these filenames is the MD5 sum of the memoized code
+and that's how Memoize knows which memo belongs to which piece of
+code\footnote{The second hexadecimal number in the memo and extern filenames is
+ the MD5 sum of the \emph{context}. The context is crucial for properly
+ externalizing code containing cross-references, see
+ section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing} for details.} --- but it has the downside
+that the folder containing your document can get quite cluttered (imagine the
+directory listing as above, but for a document with a hundred externalized
+pictures which you have been working on for a month).
+
+\ExampleName{clean-house}
+
+I like to keep a clean house by instructing Memoize to put memos and friends
+into their own directory. This can be achieved by writing
+\refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\Emph{\refmmz{memo dir}}} into the preamble (anytime
+after loading the package).\footnote{The \refmmz{memo dir} key is in fact
+ merely an abbreviation for a sequence of \refmmzpath{dir} and
+ \refmmzpath{prefix} within \refmmz{path}; use these keys if you need more
+ control over the name and location of the auxiliary files. Furthermore, there
+ is also the \refmmz{no memo dir} key, which reverts the configuration back to
+ the dirty default.} This will put the memo and the extern files into folder
+\meta{document name}|.memo.dir| (and it will also omit the \meta{document name}
+prefix in their filenames, because it makes no sense to repeat it there).
+
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+{%
+ \relaxmmzcommands
+ \edef\marshal{%
+ \noexpand\def\noexpand\mynewextern./\examplename
+ }\marshal.memo.dir/#1-#2.pdf\relax{%
+ \forestset{
+ append={[#1.memo\vphantom{p},pointcolor]},
+ append={[#1-#2.memo\vphantom{p},pointcolor]},
+ append={[#1-#2.pdf,pointcolor]},
+ }%
+ }
+ \tcbinputexample{
+ comment={%
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[reset, left=2mm, bottom=0mm,
+ my boxed title=the folder contents (after two compilations),
+ attach shifted boxed title to top right,
+ ]
+ \begin{forest}
+ before typesetting nodes={for tree={
+ font=\scriptsize\tt, grow'=0, folder, s sep=0}},
+ [\meta{the document folder}, inner xsep=0
+ [\examplename.tex]
+ [\examplename.pdf]
+ [\normalsize\dots, no edge]
+ [\examplename.mmz]
+ [\examplename.memo.dir,pointcolor,
+ % tikz={\draw[dotted](.east)--+(9em,0ex) node [anchor=south west, yshift=-1ex, font=\footnotesize, emphshade=black!5!white, text width=15em, align=justify]{You need to create this directory by hand, or allow Memoize to create it by adding |mkdir| to the list of restricted shell escape commands.};},
+ tikz={\draw[dotted](.east)--+(9em,0ex) node [anchor=west, font=\footnotesize, emphshade=black!5!white]{This directory must be created, somehow.};},
+ TeX={%
+ \def\mmzNewExtern##1##2##3##4##5{\mynewextern##1\relax}%
+ \input{\examplepath.mmz}%
+ },
+ ]
+ ]
+ \end{forest}
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+ },
+ }
+}
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[title={Why is \refmmz[link color=white]{memo dir} not the default?}]
+ The \code{clean-house} example most likely compiled just fine, and you are
+ wondering why \refmmz{memo dir} is not in effect by default. Well, out of
+ the box, \hologo{TeX} cannot create directories, so it is the fact that
+ Memoize \emph{can} create them (at least under the default settings) which
+ requires explanation. By default, Memoize triggers extraction by executing
+ the Perl extraction script \refscript{memoize-extract.pl}, and it is this
+ script which actually creates the memo directory. However, not everybody
+ will necessarily use this script \dots\ so \refmmz{memo dir} should not be
+ the default.
+
+ The Python extraction script \refscript{memoize-extract.pl}, used when
+ \refmmz{extract}|=|\refmmz{extract=python}, works the same as the Perl
+ variant. With \hologo{TeX}-based extraction
+ \refmmz{extract}|=|\refmmz{extract=tex}, things are different. If you are
+ compiling the document with a full shell escape mode
+ (\docref{-shell-escape}), Memoize successfully creates the directory with the
+ system command |mkdir|.\footnote{|mkdir| is the default value of key
+ \refmmz{mkdir command}, but executing the extraction method
+ \refmmz{extract=perl} or \refmmz{extract=python} overrides this default.}
+ However, if you're using the restricted shell escape mode, the attempt to
+ create the directory won't succeed unless you include |mkdir| among the
+ restricted shell escape commands (see footnote~\ref{fn:shell-escape-commands}
+ on page~\pageref{fn:shell-escape-commands} for how to do this, but note that
+ it is not recommended).
+
+ If you are using external extraction, you have to create directory
+ \texttt{\examplename.memo.dir} by hand, prior to the first compilation of the
+ document (with Memoize). This is the case even if you are performing the
+ extraction using one of the shipped extraction methods, and it is due to the
+ fact that Memoize needs the memo directory to be present even before extern
+ extraction, because it writes the |.memo| files into the same directory.
+ (When Memoize uses the extraction script to create the memo directory, it
+ does so completely independently of extraction, and prior to creating any
+ |.memo| files.)
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+I actually suggest adding \refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{memo dir}} into your
+user-wide \reffile{memoize.cfg} (see section~\ref{sec:memoize.cfg} for details
+on this file). This will keep all your houses clean --- without work! --- as
+Memoize will automatically use the memo directory for any document your create.
+
+It is always safe to delete memos (|.memo|) and externs (|.pdf|s residing next
+to memos), in the sense that you cannot lose data this way.\footnote{The same
+ goes for the extern |.log| files produced by the \hologo{TeX}-based
+ extraction.}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item Many memos and externs are typically stale anyway, i.e.\ they reflect
+ some previous state of your document and are not needed anymore. These files
+ can be deleted without any repercussions whatsoever (unless you later revert
+ to a previous version of the document, of course). In fact, you might
+ \emph{want} to delete them periodically, or at least once you finish writing
+ the document. As it is hard to figure out which memos/externs are stale,
+ Memoize ships with a clean-up script: writing \refscript{memoize-clean.pl}
+ \meta{document name}\dmmz (replace |.pl| with |.py| if you use Python rather
+ than Perl) into the command line will delete all the \emph{stale} auxiliary
+ files belonging to the document.
+
+\item If you delete a memo or an extern currently in use, you will trigger
+ recompilation of their code --- so deleting a memo or an extern is actually a
+ perfectly legal alternative to using the \refmmz{recompile} key!\footnote{For the
+ users of the \hologo{TeX}-based extraction: deleting the |.log| file does
+ \emph{not} trigger recompilation.}
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+It is also safe to delete the \dmmz file (or any other kind of record file, see
+section~\ref{sec:record-files}) residing next to your document's |.pdf|. The
+\dmmz file contains the information about which externs should be extracted
+from the |.pdf|. Deleting it before this is done (by default, before compiling
+the document again) will prevent the extraction (same as if providing the
+package option \code{\refmmz{extract}=\refmmz{extract=no}}) and ultimately
+result in the recompilation of the externs produced in the previous run.
+Deleting it after the extraction will have almost no effect: it will only only
+prevent the clean-up script from working (the \dmmz file also lists the
+currently active memos and externs, and thereby indirectly informs the clean-up
+script which files are stale). For further information on the \dmmz file, see
+section~\ref{sec:.mmz}.
+
+
+
+\subsection{Writing a book?}
+\label{sec:tut:multifile}
+
+Books and other long documents are usually produced from sources which reside
+in more than a single file, and to speed up the editing process, authors
+usually use some system which allows them to compile each chapter separately.
+Can Memoize --- designed for virtually the same task of speeding up the editing
+process --- work sensibly in this kind of situation? More precisely, can the
+book and the individual chapters share the memos and the externs? Yes they
+can! If we instruct Memoize to use the same memo directory for both the book
+job and the chapter jobs, then we can externalize graphics when compiling a
+chapter and have the externs included when compiling the book (and vice
+versa).\footnote{Package \pkg{docmute} makes \hologo{LaTeX} ignore the preamble of
+ the chapter file when including this file into the main document.} All we
+need to do is use our old friend \refmmz{memo dir} from section~\ref{sec:tut:memodir}
+--- we see now that this setting is good for more than just keeping a clean
+house!
+
+\ExampleName{book}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\makeexample{chapters/chapter1.tex.c1}
+
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=2, raster valign=top]
+ \tcbinputexample{listing only}
+ \tcbinputexample(chapters/chapter1){listing only}
+\end{tcbraster}
+
+In the above example, the individual chapters reside in files stored in the
+|chapters| subdirectory, and that's why the |book.tex| preamble uses
+\code{\refmmz{memo dir}=chapters/book} (rather than \code{\refmmz{memo
+ dir}=book} or just \refmmz{memo dir}). However, Memoize has no trouble
+with a situation where the main file and the chapters reside in the same
+folder; the setup is even simpler, as we then say \code{\refmmz{memo dir}=book}
+in both the book and the chapter preamble. The more complicated situation was
+chosen to point out the following potential problem with the setup where the
+chapters reside in a subdirectory.
+
+If you're anything like me, you would first go for having a memo directory
+immediately contained in the project directory (so |examples/book.memo.dir|
+above) and set up \refmmz{memo dir} as shown below. Well, this won't work, or
+at least it won't work with the vanilla \hologo{TeX} Live, because \hologo{TeX}
+will refuse to \emph{write} into (memo) files outside the directory where it
+was executed,\cprotect\footnote{In \hologo{TeX} Live, the \reffile{texmf.cnf}
+ option controlling this behaviour is called |openout_any|. By default, it is
+ set to |p| (paranoid), which ``disallow[s] opening dot files [and]
+ \emph{going to parent directories}, and restrict[s] absolute paths to be
+ under \texttt{\$TEXMFOUTPUT}'' (emphasis mine).} and this is precisely what
+the chapter compilation is asked to do below.
+
+\begin{tcboxedraster}[raster columns=2, raster valign=top]{blankest, bad}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{example title, title=the main file, listing only}
+\mmzset{~memo dir=book~}
+% ...
+\input{chapters/chapter1.tex}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{example title, title=a chapter file, listing only}
+\mmzset{~memo dir=../book~}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+\end{tcboxedraster}
+
+\pagebreak % manual
+
+Section~\ref{sec:tut:working-on-a-picture} presented some ideas on how to work
+on a single picture. Those ideas can be all easily applied to the multi-file
+situation. For example, you could use \refmmz{readonly} on the chapter that you're
+working on (and that chapter only). This way, the preview of the chapter will
+not be tarnished by the extern pages, and if you periodically compile it
+without \refmmz{readonly}, or compile the book (which does not have the \refmmz{readonly}
+set), you will have a reasonably up-to-date set of externs.
+
+\begin{tcboxedraster}[raster columns=2, raster valign=top]{blankest}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{example title, title=the main file, listing only}
+\mmzset{memo dir=chapters/book}
+% ...
+\input{chapters/chapter1.tex}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{example title, title=the current chapter file, listing only}
+\mmzset{memo dir=book, ~readonly~}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+\end{tcboxedraster}
+
+\ExampleName{memoize.cfg._region_}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\begin{tcolorbox}[title=For \Emacs users]
+ I often use this \refmmz{readonly} trick myself, but with a twist. As an Emacs user,
+ I don't use a \hologo{TeX}-based mechanism (such as the \pkg{docmute} package) to
+ compile a chapter, but rely on the region compilation feature of Emacs'
+ AUC\hologo{TeX} package. AUC\hologo{TeX} offers a way to compile the current
+ buffer (if you don't know what an Emacs buffer is, read ``file'') or region
+ (roughly speaking, the selected text). It does that by putting the buffer or
+ the region into a file called |_region_.tex| while dressing it up in the
+ preamble of the original document (when I'm working on a multi-file document,
+ it correctly pulls the preamble from the main document). This results in a
+ compilable region file. My trick is to detect whether I'm compiling a region
+ (this is the job of |\ifregion|), and if so, put Memoize into the \refmmz{readonly}
+ mode (an alternative trick would be to \refmmz{disable} it).
+
+ This is the trick in a nutshell, but to make it really work we have to
+ address one further issue: the original document and the region have to share
+ memos and externs. This happens automatically if the original document sets
+ \refmmz{memo dir} explicitly (e.g.\ if a document called |doc.tex| contains
+ \code{\refmmz{memo dir}=doc} in the preamble), but I'm lazy and don't want to
+ write this in every document --- if I have to do that, what's the point of
+ \refmmz{memo dir} I put into my \reffile{memoize.cfg} in
+ section~\ref{sec:tut:memodir}? Fortunately, the region file starts with
+ |\message{ !name(|\meta{original document name}|.tex)}| to indicate the
+ origin. The complicated part of the code below (everything following
+ \refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{readonly}} parses this header to extract the
+ \meta{original document name}, which is then fed to \refmmz{memo dir}. Now,
+ the trick works automatically for any document.\footnote{The assumption here
+ is that \refmmz{memo dir} is in effect for the original document. If not,
+ the trick can be adapted to use (\refmmzpath{dir} and) \refmmzpath{prefix}
+ within \refmmz{path}.}
+
+ \tcbinputexample{
+ title=\tt memoize.cfg,
+ attachment name=memoize-region.cfg,
+ listing only,
+ }
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+
+\subsection{Writing a presentation?}
+\label{sec:tut:beamer}
+
+Memoize ships with built-in support for the most widespread \hologo{LaTeX}
+presentation class, Beamer, in the sense that it can externalize a picture
+which changes from overlay to overlay. Before we learn how to use that
+functionality, however, there's a peculiarity about loading Memoize in Beamer
+to address.
+
+\ExampleName{beamer}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+
+\tcbinputexample{
+ comment and listing,
+ listing options app={lastline=2},
+ warning, no attachment, title=,
+ %
+ comment={Beamer opens the document PDF while loading the class, while
+ Memoize requires the PDF from the previous compilation intact in order to
+ extract the externs (when extraction is triggered internally, which is the
+ default setting). The solution is to load Memoize (a package) before
+ Beamer (a class), which can be done by using \cs{RequirePackage} instead of
+ the usual \cs{usepackage}. Easy, if hacky.},
+ %
+}
+
+To memoize a piece of code which produces different results on different
+overlays --- by virtue of containing |\pause|, |\only|, and\slash or related
+commands --- apply key \Emph{\refmmz{per overlay}}. Without this key,
+externalization of the picture will end badly, with a single extern (the final
+one) appearing on all overlays. The key may be invoked either from a prior
+\refcmd{mmznext} command,\footnote{Of course, \refmmz{per overlay} may also be
+ invoked from \refcmd{mmzset}, but I guess this won't make sense often. For
+ example, if you set it for the entire presentation, and the presentation
+ contains static memoized pictures as well, you will compile those pictures
+ more times than necessary: once for each overlay, whereas once per frame
+ would suffice. It might occasionally make sense, however, to use \refmmz{per
+ overlay} as an \refmmz{auto} option --- consult
+ section~\ref{sec:tut:verbatim} to learn what that is.} or executed in the
+memoized code itself. The example below illustrates the latter option, and
+also shows that we may invoke it via its full path,
+\refkeypath{/mmz}|/|\refmmz{per overlay}, when listed among options processed by
+\pkg{pgfkeys}.\footnote{Read section~\ref{sec:per-overlay} to learn how the
+ Beamer support is implemented. The implementation only uses Memoize's public
+ interface, so understanding it should help if you need to support some other
+ presentation package.}
+
+\tcbinputexample{
+ listing options app={firstline=3},
+ middle=1mm,
+ comment={\def\dpwidth{0.27\linewidth}\def\epwidth{0.15\linewidth}%
+ \raisebox{-\height}{\includeexamplepdf[extern page,left=0mm,right=0mm]{width=\epwidth,page=1,trim=1in 1in 0.4in 0.6in}}\hfill
+ \raisebox{-\height}{\includeexamplepdf[document page,left=1mm,right=1mm]{page=2,width=\dpwidth}}\hfill
+ \raisebox{-\height}{\includeexamplepdf[extern page,left=0mm,right=0mm]{width=\epwidth,page=3,trim=1in 1in 0.4in 0.6in}}\hfill
+ \raisebox{-\height}{\includeexamplepdf[document page,left=1mm,right=1mm]{page=4,width=\dpwidth}}%
+ },
+}
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[warning]
+ If the memoized code changes the value of Beamer's pause counter
+ |beamerpauses|, e.g.\ by issuing a |\pause|, take care that (i) \refmmz{per
+ overlay} is executed prior to any changes of |beamerpauses|, and that (ii)
+ the final value of this counter in the memoized code is the same for all
+ overlays.
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+
+\subsection{When stuff sticks out}
+\label{sec:tut:padding}
+
+Some constructs --- like plain \hologo{TeX}'s \refcmd{llap} and \refcmd{rlap},
+and, notably, \TikZ overlays --- fool \hologo{TeX} into thinking that the
+``size'' of the typeset material is different than what it actually is. This
+can cause trouble for externalization: a piece of your picture might disappear!
+In a sentence, the solution is to manually set the \emph{padding} of the
+externs, but let's slow down a bit.
+
+The \TikZ picture in the following example consists of node with a pin on the
+right, but let's say we want to horizontally center this picture so that only
+the node rather than the entire picture (including the pin) will be centered.
+This can be achieved by adding key \refkey{/tikz/overlay} to the pin (actually,
+we need to add it to both the pin and its edge). \TikZ normally updates the
+extents (called the bounding box) of the picture every time it puts something
+in it; when \refkey{/tikz/overlay} is in effect, however, these updates are
+temporarily disabled. In effect, the \refkey{/tikz/overlay} key on the pin
+below will fool \hologo{TeX} into thinking that the node is all there is to the
+picture, so centering will work as desired.
+
+\ExampleName{overlay}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=4}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ after title pre={\ (no memoization)},
+ comment={\centering
+ % \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=1,trim=1.8in 7.4in 1.8in 1.7in}
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=1}
+ },
+}
+
+What happens when we try to externalize this picture? The example below shows
+what would happen if Memoize had no concept of \emph{padding} --- which we
+simulate by setting \code{\refmmz{padding}=0pt}.\footnote{Unlike in the rest of
+ the manual, the extern pages in this section are shown without trimming the
+ whitespace.} Along with the rest of \hologo{TeX}, Memoize would be fooled
+into thinking that the picture comprises of the node only, so the pin would
+never make it into the extern. You would end up with a document missing the
+pin!\footnote{On the first compilation, the document page containing the figure
+ without padding looks fine, as it uses the result of the compilation rather
+ than the extern file. But on the second compilation, when Memoize actually
+ uses the extern, the pin disappears.}
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c2]{
+ after title pre={\ (memoization without padding)},
+ attachment name=\examplename-no-padding.tex,
+ sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.3,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[size=minimal,boxrule=0.5mm,extern page,
+ attach boxed title to top right={xshift=1.5mm,yshift=-1mm},
+ ]{page=1}
+ },
+}
+
+
+By default, Memoize puts an inch of space around (what it thinks is) the
+externalized picture, and if the overlayed parts of the picture fit into this
+inch of space, you will find them in the extern and therefore also in the
+document. In our example, however, the default padding is not enough --- the
+pin is only partially visible.\footnote{You might wonder why I didn't make the
+ default padding much bigger, like 10 inches. \hologo{TeX} wouldn't be
+ bothered (unless the resulting extern size exceeded its maximum dimension),
+ but you might be, because with such a large default padding, all the externs
+ would be huge, most often bigger than the document pages, and remember that
+ the externs are first dumped into the document, where they can bother you.}
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c3]{
+ after title pre={\ (memoization with default padding)},
+ attachment name=\examplename-default-padding.tex,
+ listing and comment,
+ middle=0.9mm,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,size=minimal,boxrule=0.5mm]{page=1}
+ },
+}
+
+The solution is to set the padding manually. Below, I used \refmmz{padding
+ right} to only increase the padding on the right side (clearly, we also have
+\refmmz{padding left}, \refmmz{padding top} and \refmmz{padding bottom}), but
+if you're not bothered by a large extern, you can just use
+\Emph{\refmmz{padding}}, which sets all four sides at once. By the way, having
+too much padding (almost) never hurts, and as you see, you can use (simple)
+arithmetics in the value of these keys.
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c4]{
+ after title pre={\ (memoization with extra padding)},
+ attachment name=\examplename-extra-padding.tex,
+ listing and comment,
+ middle=0.9mm,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,size=minimal,boxrule=0.5mm]{page=1}
+ },
+}
+
+\enlargethispage{1ex} % manual
+Incidentally, the \refmmz{padding} keys only change how
+the externalized picture is \emph{stored}. Memoize remembers the size of the
+extern as seen by \hologo{TeX} (e.g.\ the bounding box of the picture as
+reported by \TikZ, with overlayed parts of the picture protruding out of it),
+and it uses that size when integrating the extern into the document --- so
+everything works as it should!
+
+
+
+\subsection{The verbatim mode}
+\label{sec:tut:verbatim}
+
+Not all code will peacefully submit to memoization. In particular, this is the
+case for environments which process the environment body verbatim (or perform
+some other kind of \refcmd{catcode} magic). A simple environment of this kind is the
+standard \hologo{LaTeX} \refenv{verbatim}, but let us illustrate the issue with
+\refenv{tcblisting}, which typesets a code listing alongside its compiled effect.
+(This environment is defined by the |listings| library of package \pkg{tcolorbox}
+and was used extensively during the production of this manual.) To manually
+memoize a \refenv{tcblisting} environment, we enclose it in a \refenv{memoize}
+environment with a \Emph{\refmmz{verbatim}} key in the optional argument ---
+without this key, the example below would produce nothing but
+errors.\footnote{Memoize also offers a \emph{partial} verbatim mode, triggered
+ by key \refmmz{verb}; in this mode, the braces retain their usual category
+ codes. Also note that the effect of \refmmz{verbatim} can be ``undone'' by
+ key \refmmz{no verbatim}.}
+
+\ExampleName{verbatim-manual}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ sidebyside,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\\[1ex]
+ \footnotesize
+ (The document page is the same as for the \texttt{verbatim-auto} example below.)
+ },
+}
+
+Using \refmmz{verbatim} from \refcmd{mmzset} or \refcmd{mmznext} works just as
+well, and the latter can be very useful with automemoization, when some
+environment (say, \env{tcolorbox}) generally does not require the verbatim mode,
+but a specific occurrence does (say, because it contains some verbatim
+construction such as \verb!|!\meta{verbatim text}\verb!|! of the \pkg{ltxdoc}
+class).
+
+However, for an environment such as |tcblisting|, it makes the most sense to
+declare it verbatim in general, so that all instances of the environment will
+be processed in the verbatim mode. This is simple to do: add \refmmz{verbatim}
+to the \refmmz{auto} keylist.
+
+\ExampleName{verbatim-auto}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ sidebyside, % lefthand ratio=0.62,
+ comment={\centering
+ \footnotesize
+ (The extern page is the same as for the \texttt{verbatim-manual} example above.)\\[1ex]
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=2}\\
+ },
+}
+
+In fact, you can add any \refkeypath{/mmz} key to the \refmmz{auto} keylist,
+and the key will be applied to all occurrences of the command or the
+environment. For example, adding \refmmz{recompile} to the declaration of
+|tcblisting| above would recompile all and only the |tcblisting| environments;
+and as an \refmmz{auto} declaration only updates (rather than completely
+replaces) a previous declaration, you can also say things like
+\code{\refmmz{auto}=\refcmd{tikz}\braces{\refmmz{recompile}}} to recompile all
+\TikZ pictures produced by the \cs{tikz} command (handy, as you don't know how
+automemoization for \cs{tikz} was declared unless you've read
+section~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization-details} or looked at the Memoize's source
+code).
+
+
+\subsection{The final version of your document}
+\label{sec:tut:final}
+
+Bluntly put, you might want to disable Memoize when compiling the final version
+of your document, at least if you intend to distribute it in electronic form,
+for two reasons:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item An externalized picture cannot contain hyperlinks. Any hyperlinks (or
+ hyperlink anchors) contained in the original picture will silently disappear
+ during the production of the extern.
+\item When the document contains many externs, the size of the resulting PDF
+ can be several times the size of the PDF compiled without externalization.
+\end{itemize}
+
+Below, we list several ways of fully disabling Memoize. You're of course
+already familar with the first two ways, but what's this \refpkg{nomemoize}
+package? The rationale behind this package is that if you want to be
+absolutely sure that there is no trace of memoization in your document (for
+example, see the \refmmz{disable} -- \refmmz{enable} pitfall in
+section~\ref{sec:tut:working-on-a-picture}), the best thing to do is to not
+load the package at all. However, you have all those \refcmd{mmzset}s etc.\ in
+your source, so the document won't compile without
+\cs{usepackage}\braces{\refpkg{memoize}}, right? Right, but wrong. Enter
+\Emph{\refpkg{nomemoize}}, a dummy package which accepts all the commands that
+Memoize does, but does nothing. In effect, your document will compile, but you
+can be sure that not a single memo or extern was loaded or produced.
+
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=3, raster force size=false, raster valign=top]
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only, add to width=2.4em, enhanced}
+\usepackage[~disable~]{memoize}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only, add to width=-1.6em, enhanced}
+\usepackage{memoize}
+\mmzset{~disable~}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only, add to width=-0.8em, enhanced}
+\usepackage{~no~memoize}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+\end{tcbraster}
+
+There is one issue you might need to resolve manually before package
+\refpkg{nomemoize} works as intended, though. If you have used any
+\refkeypath{/mmz} keys outside \refcmd{mmzset}, you need to list them in
+\refcmd{nommzkeys}. For example, if you used \refmmz{per overlay} in the manner
+illustrated in section~\ref{sec:tut:beamer}, i.e.\ as
+\refkeypath{/mmz}|/|\refmmz{per overlay} among the \TikZ keys, you need to
+write \refcmd{nommzkeys}\braces{\refmmz{per overlay}} into the document
+preamble.
+
+Another thing you might want to do once you have produced the final version of
+the document (in fact, just before you disable Memoize for good) is clean up.
+As we saw in sections~\ref{sec:tut:memodir} and~\ref{sec:tut:redefinitions},
+Memoize produces a lot of auxiliary files (memos and externs) and it keeps the
+old versions around! Once your document is prepared, you can reduce the
+clutter (and save some disk space) by deleting memos and externs belonging to
+the work-in-progress versions of your document, and keep only those used in the
+final version.
+
+You could achieve this by deleting all the memos and externs (if you're using
+the \refmmz{memo dir} directive, this amounts to the entire contents of the
+memo directory) and compiling your document for the final couple of times.
+However, there is an easier (but \hologo{TeX}-external) way: on the command
+line, change into the directory containing your (main) document and write
+\EmphTT{\refscript{memoize-clean.pl}} \meta{document name}\dmmz (substitute
+|.py| for |.pl| to use Python rather than Perl). The script will inspect the
+contents of the \dmmz record file to see which memos and externs were used in
+the final compilation, and delete all other memos and externs belonging to the
+given document.
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[warning]
+ Deleting memos and externs is never an irreversible operation, as you can
+ always recreate them, but it is still wise to be cautious when cleaning up.
+ For one, avoid cleaning up after a compilation which produced errors; a
+ failed compilation can lead to an incomplete \dmmz file, which can in turn
+ lead to over-deletion. Another bad idea is cleaning up after disabling
+ Memoize for a part of a document, for the same reason.
+
+ All that said, Memoize takes some precautions itself. It will cowardly
+ refuse to perform the clean-up when the \dmmz file is missing the
+ end-of-file marker (|\endinput|), assuming that this indicates a fatal error
+ in the previous compilation. It will do the same in case the \dmmz file is
+ absent or empty. The latter is assumed to be a result of a globally
+ \refmmz{disable}d memoization, but note that clean-up will be performed if
+ memoization was disabled using package \refpkg{nomemoize}: that package does not
+ touch the \dmmz file, so cleaning up should work as intended.
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+As the final note, memos and externs (cleaned-up or not) may be copied (along
+the document source) to another directory or machine, where they should be
+picked up by Memoize. There is no need to copy the \dmmz file (assuming that
+the document PDF contains no extern pages waiting for extraction).
+
+
+\section{Digging deeper}
+\label{sec:potential-pitfalls}
+
+
+
+\subsection{Good to know}
+\label{sec:tut:good-to-know}
+
+
+\paragraph{Line- and page-breaking} An extern can't be broken across lines or
+pages.
+
+Externalization of a chunk of code produces a PDF, which is included into the
+document at subsequent compilations as a picture --- an unbreakable object (a
+horizontal box) with fixed width and height. Therefore, the original code
+should produce an unbreakable object as well. For example, this means that you
+cannot externalize some text and expect \hologo{TeX} to break it across lines
+or pages on subsequent compilations. If you try, the compilation will succeed
+--- without an error! --- but your externalized text will end up in a single
+line, as shown below.
+
+\ExampleName{no-linebreaking}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=2}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ bad,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,to be continued on right]
+ {page=1,trim=1in 1in 14in 1in}\\[1ex]
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=2}\\[1ex]
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page,title=the expected document page]
+ [\examplepath.c2.pdf]{page=1}
+ },
+}
+
+That said, you \emph{can} externalize a paragraph or some other vertical mode
+material using \refmmz{capture}|=|\refmmz{capture=vbox}, but beware that the
+vertical spacing between the memoized material and its surroundings might
+change.
+
+
+\paragraph{\env{remember picture}}
+\TikZ pictures using this key cannot be externalized.
+
+Memoize will silently refuse to externalize any \TikZ picture using
+\refkey{/tikz/remember picture} (see \PGFmanual{17.13}). Such pictures
+interact with the outside world --- they either reference or are referenced by
+other pictures --- and are as such unsuitable for externalization. For
+example, while the colored boxes in this manual are generally externalized ---
+out of principle \Smiley\ --- the title page illustration is not, and it cannot
+be, because of the arrows connecting the various \TikZ pictures composing that
+illustration. Some packages use the \refkey{/tikz/remember picture} mechanism
+under the hood, and are thus subject to this limitation; one example is package
+\pkg{todonotes}, but in general, any package dealing with absolute positions on the
+page will be limited in this way.
+
+How does Memoize deal with this situation? Well, by cowardly refusing to
+externalize any code which uses \refkey{/tikz/remember picture} or a similar
+mechanism for dealing with absolute positions. Luckily, any such mechanism
+eventually boils down to the \hologo{TeX} primitive \refcmd{savepos}, so
+Memoize hacks --- or as we will say in this manual, \emph{advises} --- this
+primitive to abort any ongoing memoization. Initializing and then aborting the
+memoization takes some time, to be sure, but the overhead is negligible,
+especially in the light of the fact that \emph{not} aborting wreaks real havoc.
+
+Memoize actually provides a user interface for aborting memoization.
+Memoization can be aborted either manually, by executing \refcmd{mmzAbort}, or
+automatically. The latter is a generalization of the automemoization idea: a
+command such as \refcmd{savepos} can be advised to abort memoization by
+\refmmz{auto}|=|\refcmd{savepos}\bracestt{\refmmzauto{abort}}. In Memoize,
+commands take your advice seriously, so memoization will be aborted whenever
+the advised command or environment is encountered.
+
+
+\paragraph{Indirectly embedded environments} Such environments cannot be
+memoized.
+
+Read this if you got an error message such as |Environment "tikzpicture" ended
+as "foo"|.
+
+Some environments are defined so that they embed another environment using the
+idiom shown on the left: the begin-code of the outer environment opens the
+inner environment, and the end-code of the outer environment closes the inner
+environment. While this is a fine, and common, idiom, it messes up the
+memoization of the inner environment. In the example on the right, trying to
+\emph{auto}memoize a \env{minipage} environment (not recommended at all!) causes
+trouble with package \pkg{sectionbox}.\footnote{This is a \texttt{Package
+ collargs Error} because Memoize outsources the actual work of collecting
+ the environment body to the auxiliary package CollArgs, described in
+ section~\ref{sec:collargs}.}\fncomma\cprotect\footnote{Why does this happen?
+ As mentioned in section~\ref{sec:tut:memodir}, Memoize keeps track of memos
+ and externs by the MD5 sum of the memoized code. But to compute that sum for
+ an environment, Memoize has to \emph{grab} the environment body, meaning it
+ has to collect the body in advance. This presents no problem when
+ \refcmd{end}\meta{environment name} is already present in the input stream at the
+time \refcmd{begin}\meta{environment name} is executed, like when you use the
+ environment normally in your document, or when some macro expands so that it
+ produces both \cs{begin}\meta{environment name} and \cs{end}\meta{environment
+ name} simultaneously --- so there would be no problem above if
+ |\end{minipage}| occured in the beginning code of \env{sectionbox}. The idiom
+presented above is problematic for memoization because at the time \hologo{TeX}
+executes |\begin{sectionbox}|, putting |\begin{minipage}| into the input
+ stream, |\end{sectionbox}| is not yet executed and remains as it is. The
+ input stream therefore contains a pair of |\begin{minipage}| and
+ |\end{sectionbox}|. In the normal, non-memoizing course of events this
+ would not be a problem, because |\end{sectionbox}| would eventually expand to
+|\end{minipage}|. During memoization, however, this \emph{is} a problem,
+because, as we said, Memoize needs to grab the environment body: upon
+encountering |\begin{minipage}|, it looks in the input stream for
+ |\end{minipage}| --- but there is no |\end{minipage}| in the input stream,
+there is only |\end{sectionbox}|, and this results in the |Environment
+"minipage" ended as "sectionbox"| error.}
+
+\begingroup
+\ExampleName{sectionbox}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\mmzset{disable}
+\begin{tcbraster}[raster equal height]
+\begin{tcblisting}{listing only, bad, valign=center}
+\newenvironment{foo}% ... args
+{% the begin-code of foo
+ % ...
+ \begin{tikzpicture}
+ % ...
+}
+{% the end-code of foo
+ % ...
+ \end{tikzpicture}
+ % ...
+}
+\end{tcblisting}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ bad,
+ comment={\small\tt
+ ! Package collargs Error: Environment\\"minipage" ended as "sectionbox".
+ },
+ }
+\end{tcbraster}
+\endgroup
+
+What are your options in this kind of a situation?
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item The only way to perform any memoization here is to memoize the
+ \emph{outer} environment --- if that makes sense.\footnote{This avoids the
+ error because Memoize grabs and memoizes the outer environment, and while
+ it is memoizing it, further memoization is switched off.} You can do this
+ either on a case-by-case basis, by enclosing it in the \refenv{memoize}
+ environment, or automemoize it: \code{\refmmz{auto}=\marg{outer
+ environment}\braces{\refmmzauto{memoize}}}.
+\item But what if memoizing the outer environment is out of the question?
+ Then, the only way to avoid the error is to prevent the automemoization of
+ the inner environment.
+ \begin{enumerate}
+ \item If you are facing a single occurrence of the problem, it is perhaps
+ easiest to use key \refmmz{disable} just before the start of the outer
+ environment.
+ \item Otherwise, you can automatically disable memoization for the span of
+ each occurrence of the outer environment: \code{\refmmz{auto}=\marg{outer
+ environment}%
+ \braces{\refmmzauto{nomemoize}}}.
+ \item To deactivate the automemoization of the inner environment for the span
+ of the outer environment, but otherwise allow for memoization inside the
+ outer environment: \code{\refmmz{auto}=\marg{outer environment}%
+ \braces{\refmmzauto{noop}, \refmmz{deactivate}=\meta{inner
+ environment}}}. Key \refmmzauto{noop} does nothing but apply the
+ given options (in this case, \refmmz{deactivate}=\meta{inner environment})
+ to the advised command or environment.
+ \end{enumerate}
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\subsection{Extraction methods and modes}
+\label{sec:extraction}
+
+Remember that in Memoize, externalization is a two-step process. First,
+externs are typeset on separate pages of the main document, called extern
+pages. Then, these extern pages are extracted out of the main document PDF
+into extern files. The process is illustrated on the title page.
+
+Memoize is flexible in terms of which piece of software is used to perform
+extern extraction. It ships with three \emph{extraction methods}:
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[\refmmz{extract=perl}] A Perl script, \refscript{memoize-extract.pl}.
+ This method is the default because it is fast and because Perl is usually
+ already installed on a system running \hologo{TeX}. However, you will most
+ likely still need to install two pieces of software that the script depends
+ on: Perl libraries \hreftt{https://metacpan.org/pod/PDF::API2}{PDF::API2} and
+ the \hreftt{https://metacpan.org/pod/Path::Class}{Path::Class}, the
+ installation guidelines can be found in section~\ref{sec:install}.
+\item[\refmmz{extract=python}] A Python script, \refscript{memoize-extract.py}.
+ This method is even faster than the Perl script, though not by much. Try it
+ out if you have problems installing Perl or the required libraries, or if the
+ Perl script chokes on your document (see section~\ref{sec:troubleshooting}
+ for the list of known issues). Besides Python ($\geq 3.8$), you will also
+ need the Python library \hreftt{https://pypi.org/project/pdfrw/}{pdfrw} or
+ \hreftt{https://pypi.org/project/pdfrw2/}{pdfrw2}. For the installation
+ guidelines, see section~\ref{sec:install}.
+\item[\refmmz{extract=tex}] \hologo{TeX}-based extraction requires no
+ additional software, but it is much slower than the scripts. As \hologo{TeX}
+ can only produce a single PDF per compilation, an instance of \hologo{TeX}
+ (loading the entire document PDF) has to be invoked for each extern, and this
+ takes time (although the entire process is still much faster than the
+ venerable \TikZ externalization library).
+\end{description}
+
+Memoize is also flexible in terms of how extern extraction is triggered,
+providing two \emph{extraction modes}:
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[internal]\label{item:setup:who} By default, extern extraction is
+ triggered internally, i.e.\ by Memoize during the compilation of the
+ document; more precisely, any externs produced in a compilation are extracted
+ during the next compilation. To choose an extraction method other than the
+ default Perl script, load Memoize with the package option
+ \EmphTT{\refmmz{extract}=\meta{extraction method}}.
+
+\item[external] Loading Memoize with with package option
+ \EmphTT{\refmmz{extract}=\refmmz{extract=no}} instructs Memoize to \emph{not}
+ trigger the (internal) extraction. When instructed to use extraction
+ ``method'' \refmmz{extract=no}, Memoize expects you to trigger the extraction
+ yourself, in any way that is convenient to you: manually from the command
+ line, or automatically through your editor, a Makefile, etc. --- all Memoize
+ cares about is that the extraction takes place before the next compilation of
+ the document.
+\end{description}
+
+Summing up, the extraction mode and method are selected by providing the
+appropriate value to package option key \refmmz{extract}; the possible values
+are listed in the table below. Note that this key can only be used as a
+package option, or in \refcmd{mmzset} within \reffile{memoize.cfg}. In
+particular, it is disabled in the document preamble, because Memoize performs
+extraction while it is loaded.
+
+\medskip
+\begin{center}
+ \begin{tabular}{lll}
+ \toprule
+ extraction method&external program&Memoize invocation\\
+ \midrule
+ \refmmz{extract=perl}&\refscript{memoize-extract.pl}&\refcmd{usepackage}\braces{\refpkg{memoize}}\footnotemark\\
+ \refmmz{extract=python}&\refscript{memoize-extract.py}&\refcmd{usepackage}\bracketstt{\refmmz{extract}=\refmmz{extract=python}}\braces{\refpkg{memoize}}\\
+ \refmmz{extract=tex}&|pdftex|&\refcmd{usepackage}\bracketstt{\refmmz{extract}=\refmmz{extract=tex}}\braces{\refpkg{memoize}}\\
+ \refmmz{extract=no}&none (external extraction)&\refcmd{usepackage}\bracketstt{\refmmz{extract}=\refmmz{extract=no}}\braces{\refpkg{memoize}}\\
+ \bottomrule
+ \end{tabular}%
+ \footnotetext{Or
+ \refcmd{usepackage}\bracketstt{\refmmz{extract}=\refmmz{extract=perl}}%
+ \braces{\refpkg{memoize}}. This is useful if you have changed the default
+ using \reffile{memoize.cfg}.}%
+\end{center}
+\smallskip
+
+For internal extraction, \hologo{TeX} must be allowed to execute the external
+program implementing the chosen extraction method. Both |memoize-extract|
+scripts should be listed among restricted shell escape mode commands in your
+\hologo{TeX} distribution; their execution should therefore be allowed under
+the default, restricted shell escape mode. However, the |pdftex| program,
+executed by extraction method \refmmz{extract=tex}, is not listed there, nor
+should it be. If you are forced to use this fallback method, I suggest you
+compile documents loading Memoize under the full shell escape mode, by adding
+command-line option \docref{-shell-escape} (on \hologo{TeX}Live) or
+\docref{--enable-write18} (on MiK\hologo{TeX}) to the invocation of the
+\hologo{TeX} program. The answers linked from question
+``\href{https://tex.stackexchange.com/q/598818/16819}{How can I enable
+ shell-escape?}'' on \href{https://tex.stackexchange.com}{\hologo{TeX}
+ StackExchange} will tell you how you can ask your editor to do this for you.
+
+You may use any extraction method to perform external extraction. The simplest
+option is to use the Perl or the Python script. Supposing you are doing this
+manually from the command line, change into the directory containing your
+document, which should contain the auxiliary \dmmz file produced by Memoize,
+and execute:
+
+\begin{enumerate}[(a)]
+\item \refscript{memoize-extract.pl} \meta{document name}\dmmz \hfill (for
+ the Perl script)
+\item \refscript{memoize-extract.py} \meta{document name}\dmmz \hfill (for
+ the Python script)
+\end{enumerate}
+
+See sections~\ref{sec:.mmz} and \ref{sec:ref:extraction-perl-python} for
+further details on the \dmmz file and the extraction scripts.
+
+Things are a bit more complicated if you want to use the \hologo{TeX}-based
+extraction method externally, because an instance of |pdftex| needs to be
+invoked for each extern (and these have unwieldy names and can be many in
+number), but Memoize can help you here by producing a shell script or a
+makefile, executing which will extract all the externs at once. To have Memoize
+produce a shell script, use package option
+\code{\refmmz{record}=\refmmz{record=sh}} (or
+\code{\refmmz{record}=\refmmz{record=bat}} on Windows); package option
+\code{\refmmz{record}=\refmmz{record=makefile}} will make a makefile. By
+default, these files are named |memoize-extract.|\meta{document name} plus the
+|.sh|, |.bat| or |.makefile| suffix. If neither a shell script nor a makefile
+works for you, you can also define your own kind of \emph{record file}, to be
+processed by the external tool of your choice (and implementation) in order to
+extract the externs; see section~\ref{sec:new-record-file} to learn how to do
+this.
+
+
+\subsection{From cross-references to the context}
+\label{sec:cross-referencing}
+
+Cross-referencing presents a challenge to externalization, because without
+special provisions, the ``communication channel'' between the \cs{label} and the
+\cs{ref} is broken once we start utilizing the extern.
+
+One direction of the issue occurs when a \refcmd{label} within the memoized
+code is referenced by a \cs{ref} on the outside. Without the (built-in)
+workaround, the \cs{label} command would only be executed when the extern is
+being produced, but not on subsequent compilations of the document, when it is
+merely included. Memoize addresses this problem by generalizing
+externalization (which can only produce a picture, the extern) to memoization
+(which can additionally produce arbitrary code). When Memoize is externalizing
+code which contains a \cs{label}, it automatically replicates it into the
+\emph{memo}, which is input into the document on subsequent compilations. In
+effect, the memo--extern team will continue to produce the label even when it
+is utilized rather than compiled. As far as the author is concerned, \cs{label}s
+in memoized code ``just work,'' without any observable differences to the
+situation without memoization. This is why we will not discuss this direction
+of the issue here; a reader interested in how precisely the system works is
+invited to read section~\ref{sec:memos}.
+
+The other direction of the issue occurs when a \refcmd{ref} within the memoized
+code references \cs{label} on the outside. In this situation, the extern
+should be recompiled when the value of the label it refers to changes. Again,
+Memoize addresses this problem in full generality, by associating with each
+extern a \emph{context}, and recompiling the extern whenever the value of the
+context changes.\footnote{The dependency of an extern upon prior definitions
+ and such can also be addressed in a more \emph{ad hoc} manner, by recompiling
+ manually; we have already touched upon this subject in
+ section~\ref{sec:tut:working-on-a-picture}, and will revisit it in
+ section~\ref{sec:tut:redefinitions}.} All that needs to be done for \cs{ref}
+and friends, specifically, is to advise them to add their reference keys to the
+context.
+
+As we shall see presently, for the author, the only difference between a
+non-memoized and a memoized \cs{ref} is that the latter will take one more
+compilation cycle to ``stabilize'' the resulting document. (More precisely,
+the memoized situation will take one more cycle if the reference is undefined
+on the first compilation.) Then, we will show how we can teach Memoize about
+cross-referencing commands other than \cs{ref} and \cs{pageref}. Finally, we will
+learn about key \refmmz{context}, the backbone of the cross-referencing support
+in Memoize. (The inner workings of the context are further explained in
+section~\ref{sec:c-memos}.)
+
+\ExampleName{ref}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=7}
+
+When the memoized code contains a \cs{ref} referring to a label given in another
+part of the document, the code is recompiled when (and only when) the reference
+changes. Let us look at the following example, jumping in at the point where
+it was already compiled enough times that the resulting PDF had stabilized into
+a single (document) page with correct references. (Environment
+\refenv{nomemoize} disables memoization
+of \href{https://ctan.org/pkg/tikzlings}{Ti\emph{k}Zlings}, so that their
+externs don't disturb us, and we can focus on the \cs{tikz} command, which does
+get externalized and contains a \cs{ref}.)
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c3]{
+ after title pre={\ (with stable output after three compilations)},
+ middle=1mm,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=1}
+ }
+}
+
+Let us add an owl in front of the penguin. In the next compilation, neither
+the ``normal'' nor the memoized reference is yet updated, as expected --- in
+this compilation, the new value of the penguin label only makes it into the
+|.aux| file.
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c4]{
+ after title pre={\ (after the first compilation with the added owl)},
+ no attachment,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=1}
+ }
+}
+
+During the following compilation, the \refcmd{ref}s pick up the new value of the
+penguin label, and the \cs{ref} inside the automemoized \cs{tikz} command
+forces recompilation of the extern (\emph{how} this is done will be explained
+later).
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c5]{
+ after title pre={\ (after the second compilation with the added owl)},
+ comment only, no attachment,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\quad
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=2}
+ }
+}
+
+In the next compilation, the resulting PDF is finally stabilized, as the
+updated extern is (extracted and) included into the document.
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c6]{
+ after title pre={\ (after the third compilation with the added owl)},
+ comment only, no attachment,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=1}
+ }
+}
+
+The message to take home? When some memoized code contains a reference and
+that reference changes, it will take three compilation cycles (so, one more
+cycle than without memoization) for the resulting document to ``stabilize.''
+
+Out of the box, Memoize supports the standard \hologo{LaTeX} cross-referencing
+commands \cs{ref} and \refcmd{pageref}. To automatically recompile code
+containing some other cross-referencing command, like \refcmd{vref} of package
+\pkg{varioref}, we use the advising framework implemented by package Advice.
+This framework is a generalization of automemoization: we use the familiar
+\refmmz{auto}, but with advice offered by \Emph{\refmmzauto{ref}} rather than
+\refmmzauto{memoize}.
+
+{\ExampleName{vref}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\tcbinputexample{listing only}}
+
+Key \refmmzauto{ref} only works for commands which operate on a single
+reference key. However, that single key (which must be enclosed in braces) may
+be preceded by optional argumen(s) of any kind. Extensions to \refcmd{ref},
+e.g.\ the \pkg{hyperref}'s variant, which accepts an optional |*|, work out of
+the box. Furthermore, Memoize offers support for cross-referencing commands
+which work on multireferences and reference ranges, such as \pkg{cleveref}'s
+\refcmd{cref} and \refcmd{crefrange}. Those commands should be advised by
+\refmmz{auto} keys \refmmzauto{multiref} and \refmmzauto{refrange},
+respectively.
+
+We have jumped into first example of this section with the assumption that it
+had already been compiled several times, allowing the resulting PDF to
+stabilize. Let us now take a look at what happens at the very first, fresh
+compilation of our original example (the one without the owl). (Removing the
+|.aux| file before compiling the example again will start afresh.) The curious
+thing is that we don't get the extern page containing
+\tikz[baseline]\node[draw=red,thick,fill=yellow,anchor=base,font=\bf]{??};.
+This is so because by default, Memoize aborts a memoization containing an
+undefined reference.
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c1]{
+ after title pre={\ (after the fresh compilation of the original example)},
+ comment only, no attachment,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=2}
+ }
+}
+
+Now sometimes you might want to produce an extern even if it contains an
+undefined reference --- for example, you might intend to write the code
+containing the \cs{label} much later but enjoy the speed-up offered by Memoize
+until then. In that case, apply the \refmmz{auto} key \Emph{\refmmzauto{force
+ ref}} to \cs{ref}.
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c7]{
+ after title pre={\ (after the fresh compilation with \refmmzauto{force ref})},
+ attachment name=\examplename-force.tex,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page][\examplepath.c1.pdf]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\quad
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page][\examplepath.c1.pdf]{page=2}
+ }
+}
+
+However, note that when you use \refmmzauto{force ref}, \hologo{LaTeX} will
+\emph{not} complain about the undefined reference once the extern containing it
+is included (unless that reference also occurs in some non-memoized piece of
+code). Using \refmmzauto{force ref} is therefore a tiny bit dangerous, and
+this is why \refmmzauto{ref}, with the abortion mechanism, is the default
+handler for \cs{ref} and \refcmd{pageref}.
+
+As already noted in the previous section, \refcmd{ref} works by appending the
+cross-reference to the \emph{context}, the change of which triggers
+recompilation. Memoize initializes the context to contain the four
+\refmmz{padding}s --- as a result, an extern recompiles if we change the
+padding --- but we can append stuff to the context by ourselves, as well.
+Below, we use key \Emph{\refmmz{context}} to append the font size (we'll talk
+about the value given to this key a bit later); as a result, the picture is
+recompiled whenever the font size changes. Below, we change the font size
+using command |\small|; changing the default size with a class option such as
+|12pt| works as well.
+
+\ExampleName{fontsize}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=2}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.7, after title pre={\ (the first version)},
+ comment={
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}
+ }
+}
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c2]{
+ sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.7, after title pre={\ (the second version)},
+ no attachment,
+ comment={
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}
+ }
+}
+
+How does this work? Key \refmmz{context} appends the given tokens to the
+\emph{context expression}. When creating an extern or trying to use it,
+Memoize (fully) expands this expression and computes the MD5 sum of the
+expansion. This \emph{context MD5 sum} then serves as a part of the extern's
+filename (see sections~\ref{sec:tut:memodir} and~\ref{sec:memos}). In effect,
+Memoize will only find (and utilize) the extern if \emph{the context MD5 sum
+ computed during (attempted) utilization matches the one computed during
+ memoization}.
+
+As revealed by looking at the \hologo{LaTeX} source code, \hologo{LaTeX} holds
+the current font size in macro |\f@size|, and above, we have effectively added
+the contents of this macro to the context. Now, why didn't we simply write
+\refmmz{context}|=\f@size|? First, we used |\csname ... \endcsname| because we
+were under the normal \hologo{LaTeX} catcode regime, where |@| cannot be a part
+of the command name. Of course, we could have temporarily changed the catcode
+of |@| using |\makeatletter| and |\makeatother|, but I would advise against
+that, because the approach does not work in general: it fails when key
+\refmmz{context} is used \emph{within} memoized code (we will explain why in
+section~\ref{sec:memos}). Another reason why I recommend the |\csname
+... \endcsname| approach is that it does not result in an error when the
+control sequence is not defined (|\csname ... \endcsname| will expand to
+|\relax| then); this behaviour is handy for undefined cross-references, for
+example. Second, why did I write |fsize={...}| around the control sequence?
+Well, because I'm being paranoid, really. Writing \refmmz{context}|={\csname
+ f@size\endcsname}| would work just as well, but I like to explicitly
+``announce'' the value to prevent any possibility of a conflict with an
+alternative context. Imagine that we don't use the ``announcements'' and we
+decide to add some other dimension instead of the font size to the context.
+Now if that dimension happened to have the same value as the font size, Memoize
+would incorrectly pick up the ``font size extern'' instead of producing a new
+one.
+
+It bears emphasizing that whatever you add to the context expression must be
+fully expandable, and also not merely declared as robust. So writing
+\code{\refmmz{context}=\cs{ref}\marg{key}}, for example, would be unwise, since
+it would not work as intended when package \pkg{hyperref} is loaded. (This
+package declares \refcmd{ref} as robust, so it won't expand to the
+cross-reference value.) You have to look up where the cross-references are
+stored internally; the cross-reference for \meta{key} turns out to be stored in
+the internal control sequence |\r@|\meta{key}, so it is |\csname
+r@|\meta{key}|\endcsname| that the \refmmzauto{ref} handler actually appends to
+the context.
+
+The padding and font-size contexts are useful quite generally. However, the
+context can be pretty command-specific, as well. Consider the \pkg{skak}
+package used for typesetting chess games. The board is drawn using command
+|\showboard|, but this command has no arguments, because it draws the state of
+the board that is reached by the moves given by command |\mainline|. Memoizing
+|\showboard| as such will therefore yield the wrong result --- all the boards
+will be one and the same board! The solution is to provide the correct
+context: we dig into the \pkg{skak} sources and realize that the current
+board is stored in macro |\csname chessgame.skak.mainline\endcsname|.
+
+\ExampleName{skak}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.48,
+ comment={
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in,scale=0.45}\quad
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page]{page=2,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in,scale=0.45}
+ }
+}
+
+If you remove \code{\refmmz{context}=\bracestt{...}} from the code above, you
+will end up with a document where the final board drawn takes place of all the
+boards. This is so because in that case, all externs are written into the same
+file, so the final extern overwrites the previous ones, but note that you will
+only observe this after the second compilation, when the externs are actually
+used.
+
+
+
+\subsection{More on redefinitions and stale externs}
+\label{sec:tut:redefinitions}
+
+In this subsection, we elaborate on an issue touched upon at the beginning of
+section~\ref{sec:tut:working-on-a-picture}: what happens if the memoized code
+depends on some macro or style which gets redefined? The answer was
+``nothing,'' and one solution was to \refmmz{recompile} the code. Let us take
+the example from that section a bit further. We will propose no new solution
+or workaround, but deepen our understanding of the issue.
+
+\ExampleName{redefinitions}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=6}
+\tcbset{
+ recompile step/.style={
+ sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.74, title=,
+ comment={\includeexamplepdf[blankest][\examplepath.c\theenumi.pdf]{#1}},
+ /utils/exec={\addtocounter{enumi}{1}},
+ enhanced, overlay app={\node[at=(frame.north west), font=\scriptsize, circle, fill=black!80!white, text=white, inner sep=1pt]{\theenumi};},
+ },
+}
+\begin{tcboxedraster}[raster columns=1]{%
+ title=Working on \texttt{\examplename.tex}, enhanced, breakable}
+ \setcounter{enumi}{0}%
+ \tcbox[blankest]{I like red. My emphasized nodes will have red background.}
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.c1]{recompile step={page=2}}
+ \tcbox[blankest]{Hmm, this particular node is really important,
+ let me put the text in italics as well!}
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.c2]{recompile step={page=2}, no attachment}
+ \tcbox[blankest]{You know what? Perhaps yellow background would work better
+ --- in general.}
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.c3]{recompile step={page=1}, bad, no attachment}
+ \tcbox[blankest]{How come my node is still red?! Oh yes, I changed the
+ style, so I have to recompile the extern!}
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.c4]{recompile step={page=2}, no attachment}
+ \tcbox[blankest]{Ahh, yellow background, that's much better. But you know
+ what, this double emphasis won't do after all, let me go back to the
+ upright shape.}
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.c5]{recompile step={page=1}, bad, no attachment}
+ \tcbox[blankest]{Red???!???!? Ok, I know that recompiling will help, but what
+ happened here?}
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.c6]{recompile step={page=2}, no attachment}
+\end{tcboxedraster}
+
+What happened is that the externs from steps~1 and~5 share the very same code.
+In step~1, this code was compiled when the red |emph| style was in effect, and
+that extern lingered and was eventually picked up again in step~5, Memoize
+having no idea that it is including an extern produced with the obsolete
+definition of the style.
+
+There are two points to this story. First (and forgetting for a moment about
+the context, which we started discussing in
+section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing}), Memoize identifies externs (and memos) by
+the code that produced them --- or more precisely, by the MD5 sum of the code,
+as each piece of code has a unique (well, unique enough) MD5 sum. Each extern
+is saved in a file whose name contains this MD5 sum; see
+section~\ref{sec:tut:memodir} for illustration. Generally, this is a very
+useful feature. You can move your picture to another location in the document,
+insert some other (externalized) picture in front of it, and so on, all without
+triggering recompilation of the extern(s). (None of this is possible with
+\TikZ's externalization library, which identifies the externs by the order in
+which they appear in the document.)
+
+The downside of the MD5 sum approach is the potential pitfall illustrated
+above, and the downside comes about because of the second point of the story:
+Memoize does not attempt to delete the ``old'' externs. (However, as described
+in section~\ref{sec:tut:memodir}, stale memos and externs can be easily removed
+using the \refscript{memoize-clean.pl} script.) That would be not only
+dangerous (as any deletion inherently is) but also potentially wasteful: what
+if you have only temporarily removed some code, or compiled only a portion of
+the document --- you surely wouldn't want your hard-won externs to disappear in
+such a situation!
+
+The pitfall described above applies to any command which depends on parameters
+which can be set prior to the invocation of the command, like \TikZ pictures,
+which depend on the settings given in \cs{tikzset}. After customizing the
+settings, you will have to recompile the externs:
+\refcmd{mmznext}\braces{\refmmz{recompile}} is useful when you only have to
+recompile a single extern; use \refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{recompile}}, or
+the package option \refmmz{recompile}, to recompile all externs in the
+document; and there is also the middle road: if you have changed only Forest's
+settings, you can write
+\code{\refmmz{auto}=\braces{forest}\braces{\refmmz{recompile}}} to recompile
+all and only the Forest trees.
+
+Above, we have seen the ``same code, same extern'' issue manifested ``through
+time,'' i.e.\ Memoize was (incorrectly) reusing externs produced in previous
+compilations, but the issue can also manifest ``through space.'' This can
+happen if the same code appears twice in the same document --- but, crucially,
+with some parameters which it depends on changed from one occurrence to the
+next. Observe what happens in the following example, where the settings for
+|\progressbar| are changed by |\progressbarchange|. After the first
+compilation, everything looks fine. But as both extern pages were produced by
+the same code, they will be stored into the same file, the second one
+overwriting the first one. The second compilation pulls in the externs --- or
+rather, the single extern --- resulting in the document containing the second
+progressbar in the place of the first one as well.
+
+\ExampleName{progressbar}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=2}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ bad, float,
+ comment={
+ \begin{tcbitemize}[raster columns=3,raster equal height,halign=center,valign=center]
+ \tcbitem[title=After 1\textsuperscript{st} compilation]
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,remember as=extern1]{page=1,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\\
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,remember as=extern2]{page=2,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}\\
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=3}
+ \tcbitem[title=After extern extraction\vphantom{p\textsuperscript{nd}}]
+ \includeexamplepdf[my boxed title=the extern file,attach shifted boxed title to top right,remember as=externfile]{page=2,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in}
+ \tcbitem[title=After 2\textsuperscript{nd} compilation]
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page,remember as=doc][\examplepath.c2.pdf]{page=1}
+ \end{tcbitemize}
+ \begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay]
+ \draw[->, thick, red] (extern1.east) to[out=east, in=west] ([yshift=0.5ex]externfile.west);
+ \draw[->, thick, red] (extern2.east) to[out=east, in=west] ([yshift=-0.5ex]externfile.west);
+ \draw[->, thick, blue] (externfile.east) to[out=east, in=west] (doc.west);
+ \end{tikzpicture}
+ },
+}
+
+The same ``extern duplication'' can arise due to how a particular command is
+implemented. Say we deactivate automemoization of Forest trees
+(\code{\refmmz{deactivate}=forest}), but keep on automemoizing \TikZ pictures.
+Forest uses \refenv{tikzpicture}\noprint{\refenv{forest}} under the hood (a
+lot); in particular, the tree itself is typeset as a \env{tikzpicture}
+environment. But the code that typesets it is the same for all trees,
+regardless of their content (the actual content of the tree is hidden in
+various macros and boxes, rather than ``pasted'' into the \env{tikzpicture}).
+Consequently, the final tree of the document will overwrite all other trees in
+the document, just as the second (and thus final) progress bar overwrote the
+first one above.\footnote{That is assuming that \hologo{TeX} doesn't simply
+ spew a bunch of errors. This can happen as well. In the interest of full
+ disclosure, compiling a Forest tree in the situation described above would
+ actually also produce --- but only in the first compilation --- a number of
+ small empty extern pages, one for each node of the tree. A promise: Forest
+ will soon fully support Memoize and (among other things) avoid this pitfall.
+ But the principle will remain.} Ouch!
+
+Generally speaking, this final sort of extern duplication issue can arise
+whenever we have an ``outer'' command that we don't want to (auto)memoize which
+uses an ``inner'' command that we \emph{do} want to automemoize. The solution
+is to use the \refmmz{auto} key \refmmzauto{nomemoize} on the outer command;
+remember that this key disables memoization for the space of the command or
+environment. For example, the correct way to ``deactivate'' automemoization of
+\env{forest} environments (but keep automemoizing \TikZ pictures) is
+\code{\refmmz{auto}=\bracestt{forest}\braces{\refmmzauto{nomemoize}}}.
+
+
+
+
+\subsection{Supporting Memoize in your package}
+\label{sec:tut:package}
+
+\subsubsection{Loading Memoize?}
+\label{sec:loading-memoize}
+
+So you want to support Memoize in your package? That's great!
+
+What form precisely this support will take of course depends on your package.
+For some commands, a simple \refmmz{auto} declaration will suffice; for other
+commands, you might need to write a dedicated \emph{memoization driver}, as
+explained in section~\ref{sec:memoization-drivers}. However, one thing is
+clear: you \emph{don't} want to require Memoize's presence by
+\cs{RequirePackage}\braces{\refpkg{memoize}} in your package. That would
+trigger memoization, but triggering memoization should be left at the sole
+discretion of the author. The question is, if you're not allowed to load
+Memoize, how can you even issue the \refmmz{auto} declaration?
+
+Well, it's not that you really want to \emph{memoize} anything; you want to
+make the commands of your package \emph{memoizable}. So:
+\cs{RequirePackage}\braces{\Emph{\refpkg{memoizable}}} --- and note that in
+`memoizable', the final `e' of `memoize' is dropped, apparently this is the
+correct way to spell it.
+
+Loading \refpkg{memoizable} does nothing if Memoize is already loaded, and
+behaves like package \refpkg{nomemoize} otherwise --- remember from
+section~\ref{sec:tut:final} that \refpkg{nomemoize} is a dummy package which
+accepts all the commands that Memoize does, but does nothing.
+
+I have decided to require that Memoize must be loaded before any package that
+supports it. Allowing for an arbitrary loading order would complicate the
+implementation (and possibly even turn out to be problematic), and furthermore,
+Memoize likes to be loaded early anyaway, because it needs to be loaded before
+the document PDF is opened if it is to perform the embedded extern extraction.
+I don't think the ordering requirement will cause any problems --- let me know
+if it does! --- but perhaps it is wise to inform the author about it in the
+documentation of your package (I did so at the end of
+section~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization}). Anyway, I have enforced the
+requirement by raising an error and refusing to load the package in case
+Memoize detects \refpkg{memoizable} to be loaded.
+
+Note that the loading order requirement implies that you can use
+|\@ifpackageloaded{memoize}| to specifically react to the presence Memoize, if
+necessary.
+
+
+\subsubsection{Memoizable design}
+\label{sec:memoizable-design}
+
+Many commands and environments can be submitted to externalization with a
+single-line \refmmz{auto} declaration, as illustrated in
+section~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization}, perhaps requiring an addition to the
+context (section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing}), or some pre- or post-memoization
+code (section~\ref{sec:tut:beamer}). In some situations, however, these simple
+approaches won't work. Most often, this will happen when the extern must be
+integrated into the document in some special way. For example, a command might
+internally create floating material, or surround the core typeset material with
+some stretchable space.\footnote{Commands and environments of package
+ \pkg{tcolorbox} exhibit both these issues (see \pkg{tcolorbox} options |float|,
+ |before| and |after|), and were in fact the inspiration for several technical
+ details of Memoize.} None of these behaviours can be replicated by merely
+including the extern; with respect to the stretchable space, remember that an
+extern, being a picture, has fixed size, so if our extra space ended up in the
+extern, it would lose the stretchability.
+
+The key to successful memoization of problematic commands is their design. In
+a nutshell, the idea is to \emph{break up the command's definition into two
+ parts, the outer command and the inner command, and only submit the inner
+ command to automemoization}. We will illustrate this with a simple
+environment --- |poormansbox| --- which produces a potentially framed box of
+the given width, and surrounds this box with some configurable material --- by
+default, this material will be stretchable vertical space, and this will be the
+source of our memoization problem. (In terms of user experience, the solution
+in this section will leave something to be desired, but we will revisit the
+example in section~\ref{sec:memoization-complex-single-driver} and make things
+right.)
+
+Let us first take a look at a document using our to-be-developed box
+environment. The |poormansbox| environment takes one optional argument, a
+keylist of options, which can also be set with the |\pmbset| command. This
+being a \textbf{p}oor \textbf{m}an's \textbf{b}ox, it doesn't recognize many
+options. One can set the |width| of the box, or request that it occurs in a
+|frame|, and the surrounding material can be configured using keys |before| and
+|after|. As we will see later in the listing of the package, the box is
+|\linewidth| wide by default, has no frame, and is surrounded by vertical glue
+|\vskip 2ex plus 1ex minus 1ex| (|2ex| of natural vertical space which may both
+stretch and shrink for |1ex|); furthermore, the default value of |before|
+contains |\centering| to center the box horizontally (centering is of course
+only observable when we change the width of the box).
+
+\ExampleName{poormansbox}
+\makeexample{\examplename.sty}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.482,
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page,left=0pt,right=0pt]
+ {page=1,scale=0.5,trim=0mm 3mm 0mm 3mm}
+ },
+}
+
+You might want to play with the example to see that the surrounding vertical
+space is indeed stretchable. The example is set up so that the surrounding
+space is shrunk a bit to fit all the material onto one page. But if you remove
+the final |\lipsum[144]|, the natural amount of all vertical space can be
+accommodated on the page, so you should observe an increase of vertical
+spacing.
+
+You might have noticed that the example contains nested |poormansbox|es: the
+second box (the one which contains |\lipsum[66]|) is nested within the first
+one (between |\lipsum[101]| and |\lipsum[75]|). This is intentional: when we
+will revisit the |poormansbox| example in
+section~\ref{sec:memoization-complex-single-driver}, the implementation will
+have to pay special attention to nesting (which presents no problem to the
+implementation in this section).
+
+As you can see in the package listing below (\texttt{\examplename.sty}), the
+implementation of our environment is straightforward. We first define the
+configuration command |\pmbset| and the option keys (we're using
+\pkg{pgfkeys}), and set the option defaults. Then, we move on to the
+environment itself: we apply the given options, execute the pre-code, typeset
+the box (which is a |minipage| of the given width, potentially wrapped in a
+|\fbox|), and execute the post-code.
+
+\tcbinputexample[.sty]{listing only, float}
+
+\ExampleName{poormansbox-memoizable}
+Now let's make our |poormansbox| externalizable (\texttt{\examplename.sty}). As
+announced above, the idea is to split the definition of the environment into
+the outer part (below, the user-level environment |poormansbox|), which
+(applies the options and) executes the pre- and the post-code, and the inner
+part (below, the macro |\@poormansbox|), which typesets the actual box. If we
+then then submit |\@poormansbox|, rather than |poormansbox|, to
+automemoization, the outer part will be executed at every compilation (giving
+us stretchable space if we request it), while the inner command will be
+executed (and memoized) at the first compilation, and substituted for the
+extern (the fixed-size box) at subsequent compilations.\cprotect\footnote{You
+ might have wondered why our definition of the |poormansbox| environment grabs
+ the body into an argument (|+b|, yielding |#2|), necessitating the use of
+ |\NewDocumentEnvironment| over the venerable |\newenvironment|. One reason
+ was that having the environment body as an argument simplifies wrapping the
+ |\fbox| around the |minipage|, but there is a more important reason. If we
+ did not grab the environment body, we would have to implement the internal
+ part of the definition as an environment (|@poormansbox|) as well, and embed
+ it into the user-level environment using the following idiom:
+ |\newenvironment{poormansbox}[2][]{...\begin{@poormansbox}}{\end{@poormansbox}...}|.
+ However, as illustrated in section~\ref{sec:tut:good-to-know}, automemoizing
+ an environment indirectly embedded in such a way produces an error, because
+ Memoize is prevented from collecting the environment body.}
+
+\makeexample{\examplename.sty}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}% just to know if it compiles fine
+\tcbinputexample[.sty]{listing only, float}
+
+Looking at the definition of the internal |\@poormansbox| command, it might
+strike you as weird that we have equipped this command with an optional
+argument (|#1|) it never uses. However, this optional argument is crucial for
+memoization. It will become a part of the memoized code (note
+\code{\refmmzauto{args}=om} in the \refmmz{auto} declaration) and thereby
+ensure that Memoize will produce separate externs for invocations of
+|\@poormansbox| with the same environment body but different options; or in
+other words, it will ensure that changing the options recompiles the
+extern.\cprotect\footnote{Of course, this only holds for options given in the
+ optional arguments; if the user changes an option value using a prior
+ \cs{pmbset} (and that option does not occur in the optional argument),
+ Memoize won't detect the change. But the end-user knows about this issue, as
+ it was addressed in sections~\ref{sec:tut:working-on-a-picture}
+ and~\ref{sec:tut:redefinitions}, and she is also aware of two workarounds:
+ manual recompilation, or setting the context
+ (section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing}).
+
+ While we're on the subject of the context, note that it is also possible to
+ deploy context to trigger recompilation of the inner command upon change of
+ parameters it depends on. We could simply omit the optional argument of
+ \cs{@poormansbox} and add
+ \refmmz{context}|={width=\pmb@width,frame=\ifpmb@frame true\else false\fi}|,
+ to the \refmmz{auto} declaration. The advantage of such an approach is that
+ Memoize reacts to the change of parameters regardless of whether they are set
+ using the optional argument or \cs{pmbset}. However, the approach is
+ unfeasible for commands depending on many parameters: can you imagine listing
+ all the \TikZ options in the context? Not to mention that a particular
+ picture usually only depends on a small subset of these options --- by and
+ large, \TikZ externs would get recompiled too often if the context contained
+ all \TikZ options.}\footnote{I have toyed with the idea of
+ splitting (using \pkg{pgfkeys} key filtering) the given options into outer
+ options, relevant for the outer command, and inner options, relevant for the
+ inner command, and only passing the inner options to the inner command. The
+ thought was that would (i) avoid recompiling the extern when only outer
+ options change, as these options don't affect the inner command, and (ii)
+ avoid applying the inner options when utilizing the extern, as these options
+ don't affect the outer command. However, it then hit me that the end-user
+ might define a style which incorporated both inner and outer options --- I
+ know I do this with my |tcolorbox|es.}
+
+The downside to automemoizing an internal command is that this might be
+counter-intuitive for the author. For example, to deactivate automemoization
+of |poormansbox|, the author will have to write
+\refcmd{mmzset}\bracestt{\refmmz{deactivate}=\cs{@poormansbox}} (note the
+|\@|), but they will have no clue they have to do this unless they have
+carefully read |poormansbox|'s documentation. Even worse, the above
+\refcmd{mmzset} command will not work unless surrounded by |\makeatletter| and
+|\makeatother|, as it refers to an internal control sequence containing |@|.
+Well, Memoize offers \refmmz{auto csname}, \refmmz{activate csname} and
+\refmmz{deactivate csname}, so that |@| catagory code manipulations can be
+omitted by writing \refcmd{mmzset}\bracestt{\refmmz{deactivate
+ csname}|=@poormansbox|}, but still.
+
+Another downside could occur when you use the same (automemoized) internal
+command in service of several user interface commands. For the sake of
+illustration, assume we have also defined an UI-macro |\pmb| which again relies
+on |\@poormansbox|. How is the author to deactivate automemoization of |\pmb|
+but leave the |poormansbox| environment intact? This is how:
+\refcmd{mmzset}\bracestt{\refmmz{auto}=\cs{pmb}\bracestt{\refmmzauto{args}=m,
+ \refmmzauto{nomemoize}}}. Again, counter-intuitive; the author expects
+\refcmd{mmzset}\bracestt{\refmmz{deactivate}=\cs{pmb}} to work.
+
+One other consequence of this approach is that the code included in the c-memo
+(if \refmmz{include source in cmemo} is in effect) will not faithfully reflect
+the source: as shown in the c-memo listing below, it will contain
+|\@poormansbox{...}| instead of |\begin{poormansbox}...\end{poormansbox}| ---
+even if this might actually count as an advantage, as the discrepancy will at
+least inform the author who refuses to read the fine material accompanying our
+|poormansbox| that something funky is going on.
+
+\begingroup
+\relaxmmzcommands
+\def\mmzNewCMemo#1{% fetch the last c-memo filename
+ \def\mycmemo{#1}%
+}
+\input{\examplepath.mmz.c1}
+\sed{%
+ s/[]]\lbrace/]\n\space\space\space\space\space\space\space
+ \space\space\space\space\space\space\space\lbrace/;
+}{\exampledir\mycmemo}
+\tcbinputlisting{
+ listing only,
+ listing file=\exampledir\mycmemo,
+ example title,
+ title=the c-memo of the last \texttt{poormansbox} environment,
+ left=0.5em, right=0em,
+}
+\endgroup
+
+In a nutshell, automemoizing an internal command might be counter-intuitive for
+the author. But the core idea --- to support memoization of a resistant
+command by splitting its definition into the outer and the inner command --- is
+sound, and we will elaborate on this idea in
+section~\ref{sec:memoization-complex-single-driver}, where we will revisit our
+|poormansbox| example and develop a variant of this environment which is both
+memoizable and user-friendly.
+
+
+\section{Under the hood}
+\label{sec:under-the-hood}
+
+This chapter is written for three audiences: a curious user who wants to
+know how Memoize does what it does; a package writer who wants to support
+Memoize in a tricky situation; and myself, lest I forget why I made the design
+decisions that I made.
+
+\subsection{The entry point}
+\label{sec:Memoize}
+
+
+From the author's perspective, the functionality of this package is entered
+either through the manual memoization commands (macro \refcmd{mmz} and
+environment \refenv{memoize}), or via automemoization. And while that is
+correct, those user interface entry points merely determine what code is
+submitted to memoization, and set any options specific to the upcoming
+memoization. The real fun starts with command \Emph{\refcmd{Memoize}}, which
+is eventually executed by both manual and automatic memoization.
+
+Not every call to \refcmd{Memoize} results in memoization. Calling this macro
+has three possible outcomes. It can result in \emph{memoization}, which
+produces the memos and externs; in \emph{utilization} of the result of an
+earlier memoization (which boils down to inputting the memos); or in
+\emph{regular compilation}, whereby the code is compiled
+(almost)\footnote{\label{fn:regular-compilation-almost}This is absolutely true
+ for memoized code which is ``contained'' in the sense of not peeking into the
+ input stream following the memoized code. In general, code which fails to
+ satisfy this containment requirement is most likely simply not memoizable;
+ but there are borderline cases. For example, \refcmd{ignorespaces} at the
+ end of some code will have the expected effect in the absence of Memoize, but
+ no effect when executed either during memoization or regular compilation
+ under Memoize, simply because it will hit some code belonging to Memoize
+ rather than the continuation of the document. Memoize offers the
+ \refmmz{ignore spaces} provision to work around this specific problem.} as if
+Memoize was not there. Which outcome obtains depends on several factors. The
+decision logic is depicted below, and note that you can \refmmz{trace} the
+action on the terminal.
+
+\begin{center}
+ \begin{forest}
+ yes/.style={edge=->,edge label={node[font=\scriptsize,pos=0.4,left,#1]{yes}}},
+ no/.style={edge=->,edge label={node[font=\scriptsize,pos=0.4,right,#1]{no}}},
+ use/.style={content=utilization\\(of the cc-memo)\vphantom{dj},fill=orange,align=center},
+ memoize/.style={content=memoization\vphantom{dj},fill=green},
+ compile/.style={content=regular compilation\vphantom{dj},fill=emphcolor},
+ for tree={
+ l sep*=1.5,
+ if n children={0}{}{align=center},
+ child anchor=north,
+ },
+ [Is Memoize enabled?\\(\refcmd{ifmemoize}),
+ [Are we currently undergoing memoization?\\(\refcmd{ifmemoizing}), yes
+ [,compile, yes]
+ [Is the\\\refmmz{recompile}\\mode in effect?, no
+ [,memoize, yes]
+ [Do the relevant\\memos and externs exist?, no
+ [,use, yes]
+ [Is the\\\refmmz{readonly}\\mode in effect?,no
+ [,compile, yes]
+ [,memoize, no]
+ ]
+ ]
+ ]
+ ]
+ [,compile, no]
+ ]
+ \end{forest}
+\end{center}
+
+As the memoization options were already set by the user interface entry points,
+you might expect, quite reasonably, that \refcmd{Memoize} takes a single
+argument, the code submitted to memoization. After all, what more does it
+need? Clearly, executing this code is what produces the typeset material, and
+to detect whether the code has ``changed'' (in order to recompile the memos and
+externs), we compute the MD5 sum of this very code, don't we? Well, the
+reality is a bit more complicated. When it comes to automemoized commands, the
+code which the MD5 sum is computed off of (and which is displayed in the c-memo
+if \refmmz{include source in cmemo} is in effect) is not exactly the same as
+the code we compile (during either memoization or regular compilation). We'll
+see what the difference is in section~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization-details};
+what matters here is that we must provide \refcmd{Memoize} with both and that
+this macro therefore takes two arguments: the \emph{identification code}, which
+the MD5 sum is computed off of, and the \emph{executable code}, which, well, is
+the code that gets executed during memoization (or regular compilation).
+
+Let's illustrate this with an example which is probably entirely useless (but
+don't worry, we'll get to a realistic example in
+section~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization-details}). We first memoize some text
+manually, using command \refcmd{mmz}, and then do something very stupid: we use
+this very text as the identification code for the following \refcmd{Memoize},
+even if the executable code of that command is completely different. The
+second line of the typeset output should convince you that the first argument
+to that command was really used to produce the extern; and one further
+compilation should convince you that the first argument was indeed used to
+identify the extern: the extern produced by \refcmd{mmz} was overwritten by the
+extern produced by \refcmd{Memoize}, in the fashion of the |progressbar|
+example from section~\ref{sec:tut:redefinitions}.
+
+\ExampleName{memoize-internal}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=2}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ comment={%
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page,
+ after title pre={\ (after the first compilation)}
+ ]{page=3}\hfill
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page,
+ after title pre={\ (after the second compilation)}
+ ][\examplepath.c2.pdf]{page=1}
+ },
+}
+
+The example above also illustrates a(nother) peculiar feature of
+\refcmd{Memoize}. \refcmd{Memoize} does not open a new \hologo{TeX} group, but
+it \emph{expects a group to be opened prior to calling it}, as it will issue an
+|\endgroup| at some point. Specifically, the memoization group will be closed
+before regular compilation or utilization, but after memoization. If you want
+to know why, read the boxed text below.
+
+\begin{tcolorbox}[title=\string\Memoize\ and grouping, enhanced, breakable]
+ One important desideratum behind the design of Memoize was that using the
+ package should disrupt the original, Memoize-less compilation as little as
+ possible. In particular, if the memoized code contains local assignments
+ whose effect (in the original compilation) persists into the rest of the
+ document (until the end of the surrounding \hologo{TeX} group, of course),
+ wouldn't one want these local effects to persist when Memoize is around, as
+ well? Fortunately, most memoized code does not have persistent local effects
+ (at least for me, it is usually environments, like \env{tikzpicture}s, that I
+ want to memoize, and environments introduce a group anyway) --- fortunately,
+ because there are design reasons for enclosing memoization in a \hologo{TeX}
+ group (or two), and this enclosure will of course cancel the effect of local
+ assignments in the memoized code.
+
+ For one, the user interface memoization commands, such as \refcmd{mmz} and
+ automemoized commands, allow for options specific to a particular piece of
+ memoized code (the options given as the optional argument to manual
+ memoization, the next-options and the auto-options), and to delimit their
+ effect, it makes most sense to apply them in a group. I have toyed with the
+ idea of working around the introduction of a group by manually saving and
+ restoring all the options, but I quickly gave up on this line of thought.
+ For one, manually saving and restoring the options would be cumbersome and
+ error-prone, and probably also slower than using the group. But even worse,
+ all that work would not really solve the problem of the persistence of local
+ effects, because memoization itself introduces a group, as well: during
+ memoization, the typeset material is collected into a box, and opening a box
+ introduces a group. In some particular situations, this could be avoided by
+ typesetting the memoized code as-is and collecting the resulting material
+ using |\lastbox|, but this approach cannot work in general. In general,
+ memoization will take place in a group, so the issue of local effects must be
+ addressed in some other way. Memoize offers the following workaround: during
+ memoization, the memoized code can (globally) add code to the \refmmz{after
+ memoization} hook, which gets executed immediately after closing the
+ memoization group.
+
+ Does this mean it would be best if the user interface memoization commands
+ straightforwardly surrounded \refcmd{Memoize} by |\begingroup| and
+ |\endgroup|? For example, \refcmd{mmz} would open the memoization group, let
+ \refcmd{Memoize} do its work, and then close the group. Not really.
+ Remember that memoization is not the only possible outcome of calling
+ \refcmd{Memoize}. Perhaps we can at least retain the local effects of a
+ regular compilation, and of utilization?
+
+ We can, by finely tuning the timing of the memoization group closure within
+ \refcmd{Memoize}. This command is designed to close the memoization group
+ after memoization, but before regular compilation and utilization. Closing
+ the group after memoization makes sure that the given options are in effect
+ during this process. By closing the group prior to regular compilation,
+ regular compilation of the memoized code (which takes place when Memoize is
+ disabled, for example) is guaranteed to have (almost, see
+ footnote~\ref{fn:regular-compilation-almost}) exactly the same effect as the
+ compilation of that code in absence of Memoize; in particular, the effect of
+ any local assignments will persist into the rest of the document. Finally,
+ closing the group before utilization simplifies the construction of the memo
+ in the cases where we need to replicate local effects of the memoized code
+ --- the group closed, there is no need to smuggle local assignments out of a
+ memo.
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+\subsection{Memos}
+\label{sec:memos}
+
+Up until now, we have pretended that there is a single kind of a memo file. In
+truth, there's two kinds: \emph{code memos}, or \emph{c-memos} for short; and
+\emph{code--context memos}, or \emph{cc-memos} for short. In this section, we
+will learn what they are for, and how they look like --- and also a bit on how
+they are produced, even if the details on that will have to wait until
+section~\ref{sec:memoization-drivers}.
+
+We will see that when Memoize utilizes memos, c-memos are processed first. But
+conceptually, cc-memos are more important, so we will start the discussion with
+these.
+
+\subsubsection{Cc-memos (and extern inclusion)}
+\label{sec:cc-memos}
+
+When it is input, a cc-memo replicates the effect of the memoized code. This
+includes the reproduction of its visual output, which takes the form of
+inclusion of any externs produced by memoization. And yes, you got the
+implication right: a cc-memo can have any number of associated externs,
+including zero, even if the most common case is that of exactly one extern per
+cc-memo. The number of externs mostly depends on the memoization driver (see
+section~\ref{sec:memoization-drivers}); the default driver always produces
+exactly one extern.
+
+A cc-memo is located in the directory given via subkey \refmmzpath{dir} (and
+\refmmzpath{relative}) of key \refmmz{path}. You can recognize it by its filename,
+which has the following form (\meta{prefix} is set via subkey \refmmzpath{prefix}):
+\begin{center}
+ \code{\meta{prefix}\meta{code md5sum}-\meta{context md5sum}.memo}
+\end{center}
+
+In fact, this is how Memoize recognizes --- or rather, searches for --- a
+cc-memo as well: Memoize will utilize a cc-memo when the code and the context
+MD5 sum computed during an attempted utilization match the code and the context
+MD5 sum computed during some previous memoization (for details on the context
+MD5 sum, see section~\ref{sec:c-memos}). In detail, a cc-memo is created at
+the end of memoization, at which point Memoize computes the MD5 sum of the
+memoized code and the MD5 sum of the context, and writes the results of
+memoization into the cc-memo identified by (the prefix and) these two MD5 sums.
+And when Memoize, on a subsequent compilation, encounters a piece of memoized
+code, it again computes the MD5 sum of that code and the MD5 sum of the
+context, and tries to input the cc-memo identified by (the prefix and) these
+two MD5 sums. If the inputting is successful, we have utilized the cc-memo
+(which in the typical case amounts to including the one associated extern); if
+the cc-memo cannot be found, Memoize starts the memoization process, which
+creates the memos and the externs.
+
+Let us take a look at the contents of a cc-memo in detail. Here's a typical
+cc-memo (it belongs to the titlepage penguin):
+
+\begingroup
+\relaxmmzcommands
+\def\mmzNewCCMemo#1{% fetch the first cc-memo filename
+ \def\myccmemo{#1}%
+ \endinput
+}
+\input{\exampledir titlepage.mmz.c1}
+\sed{%
+ s/\cmd{quitvmode} \cmd{mmzIncludeExtern}/\cmd{quitvmode}\n\cmd{mmzIncludeExtern}/;
+ s/\(\marg\marg\marg\)\(\marg\marg\marg\marg\marg\)/\1\space\2/;
+}{\exampledir\myccmemo}
+\tcbinputlisting{
+ listing only,
+ listing file=\exampledir\myccmemo,
+ example title=\myccmemo,
+}
+\endgroup
+
+A cc-memo begins by listing the externs which the memo will (actually, might)
+attempt to include into the document. When the cc-memo is input, each
+\refcmd{mmzResource} command checks if the given extern exists. If some
+existence check fails, Memoize enters the memoization mode, same as if the
+cc-memo itself did not exist. If all the resources pass the existence check,
+Memoize inputs the core of the cc-memo, i.e.\ everything following the
+\refcmd{mmzMemo} marker.
+
+The core might contain arbitrary code, but most often, it will consist of only
+two commands. The first one is \refcmd{quitvmode} and it is included if the
+extern was \refmmz{capture}d into a horizontal box (which is the usual
+situation). The second one is \refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern}, and it is this
+command which actually includes the extern into the document upon inputting the
+cc-memo. The core code is executed without introducing any groups, i.e.\ the
+effect of any local assignments in the cc-memo will persist into the code
+following the memoized code.
+
+Command \refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern} takes nine parameters. The first is the
+sequential number of the extern associated with the cc-memo, starting with 0;
+usually, this is simply 0 as most memos are associated with a single extern.
+The second one is a \refcmd{hbox} or \refcmd{vbox}, noting the type of the box
+the memoized code was externalized into. The next three numbers are the
+expected width, height and the depth of the extern. Finally, we have the four
+\refmmz{padding} amounts (left, bottom, right and top). We should arrive at
+the expected size after trimming the extern PDF by the
+padding amounts; Memoize will complain if we don't.
+
+Let's look at a more interesting cc-memo. Using the advising framework,
+described in section~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization-details}, Memoize hacks
+\refcmd{label} to support \cs{label}s inside memoized code --- the following
+code ``just works.''
+
+\ExampleName{label}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=3}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ comment={\centering
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page, after title pre={\ (compilation 1)},
+ left=1.5mm, right=1mm]{page=2}\quad
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page, after title pre={\ (compilation 2)},
+ left=1.5mm, right=1mm][\examplepath.c2.pdf]{page=1}\quad
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page, after title pre={\ (compilation 3)},
+ left=1.5mm, right=1mm][\examplepath.c3.pdf]{page=1}
+ },
+}
+
+Everything seems normal --- after the first compilation, we get ``\textbf{??}''
+because the label has not made it into the |.aux| file yet, but in subsequent
+compilations, we learn where the penguin lives --- but it is far from normal
+under the hood. If we de-hacked \cs{label} by writing
+\refcmd{mmzset}\bracestt{\refmmz{deactivate}=\cs{label}}, the third compilation
+(and subsequent compilations) would revert to ``\textbf{??}''. Why would that
+happen? The memoized code containing the \cs{label}s is only executed in the
+first compilation; in the subsequent compilations, we're simply inputting the
+cc-memo, so the memoized code, including any \cs{label}s in contains, is not
+compiled, and the labels don't get into the |.aux| file anymore.
+
+The \cs{label} hack deploys Memoize's ability to put arbitrary code into the
+cc-memo. During memoization, the memoized code may add arbitrary code to
+register \refcmd{mmzCCMemo}, and the contents of this register at the end of
+the memoization form the free-form part of the cc-memo.\footnote{This is also
+ how the above-described code containing \refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern} gets into
+ the cc-memo. The code is produced by \refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox} and appended
+ to \refcmd{mmzCCMemo} by the default memoization driver
+ \refcmd{mmzSingleExternDriver}; see section~\ref{sec:memoization-drivers} for
+ details.} When the hacked \cs{label} is encountered during memoization, it
+appends \refcmd{mmzLabel}\marg{label name}\marg{current label value} to
+\refcmd{mmzCCMemo}, so this command winds up in the cc-memo. It is then a
+simple job for \refcmd{mmzLabel}, executed when the cc-memo is input at
+subsequent compilations, to temporarily store \meta{current label value} (i.e.\
+the contents of \refcmd{@currentlabel} at the time the \cs{label} was invoked) back
+into \cs{@currentlabel} and to execute \cs{label}\marg{label name}. In effect, any
+\cs{label} command contained within the memoized code is executed at every
+compilation, even if the memoized code itself is not compiled.
+
+\begingroup
+\relaxmmzcommands
+\def\mmzNewCCMemo#1{% fetch the first cc-memo filename
+ \def\myccmemo{#1}%
+ \endinput
+}
+\input{\examplepath.mmz.c1}
+\sed{%
+ s/~//g;
+ s/\cmd{quitvmode} \cmd{mmzLabel}/\cmd{quitvmode}\n\cmd{mmzLabel}/;
+ s/\(\marg\)\cmd{mmzIncludeExtern}/\1\n\cmd{mmzIncludeExtern}/;
+ s/\(\cmd{mmzLabel}\) *\(\marg\marg\) */~\1\2~\space/g;
+ s/\(\marg\marg\marg\)\(\marg\marg\marg\marg\marg\)/\1\space\2/;
+}{\exampledir\myccmemo}
+\tcbinputlisting{float,
+ listing only, right=1.5mm,
+ listing file=\exampledir\myccmemo,
+ example title=\myccmemo,
+}
+\endgroup
+
+We will continue the discussion of \refcmd{label} in section~\ref{sec:label+} using
+a funkier example.
+
+
+\subsubsection{C-memos (and context)}
+\label{sec:c-memos}
+
+As explained in the previous section, a cc-memo belonging to a piece of
+memoized code is identified by two MD5 sums: the MD5 sum of the memoized code,
+and the MD5 sum of the associated context. However, when Memoize encounters
+some code submitted to memoization, the context expression is not yet fully
+known, as it may be adjusted by the memoized code itself during memoization ---
+and this potential adjustment is crucial for \cs{ref} and friends to work as
+advertised (see section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing}). Upon being invoked,
+Memoize therefore cannot immediately attempt to input the cc-memo; it needs to
+first learn about the context adjustments. Here's where c-memos enter the
+picture: \emph{the primary job of a c-memo is to store the context adjustments
+ made by the memoized code}. Let's see how this works in detail.
+
+Same as cc-memos, c-memos are located in the directory given via subkey
+\refmmzpath{dir} (and \refmmzpath{relative}) of key \refmmz{path}. However, a c-memo
+belonging to some memoized code is identified by the MD5 sum of that code
+alone; its filename has the following form, where \meta{prefix} is again set
+via subkey \refmmzpath{prefix}:
+\begin{center}
+ \code{\meta{prefix}\meta{code md5sum}.memo}
+\end{center}
+
+The c-memo is created at the end of the memoization process. At that time, the
+context expression is fully known, as the memoized code was already processed.
+Even more, Memoize keeps track of both the state of the context expression
+prior to memoization, stored in token register \refcmd{mmzContext}, and of the
+\emph{additions} to the context expression made by the memoized code, which are
+stored in token register \refcmd{mmzContextExtra}. (Incidentally, key
+\refmmz{context} automatically adapts to the situation by appending to
+\refcmd{mmzContext} outside memoization and to \refcmd{mmzContextExtra} during
+memoization.) The complete context expression is the concatenation of the
+contents of these two registers, but it is only the context expression
+additions, i.e.\ the contents of \refcmd{mmzContextExtra}, which Memoize stores
+into the c-memo, with the idea that during subsequent compilations, the initial
+context (\refcmd{mmzContext}) will be set up again via ``normal'' compilation,
+while inputting the c-memo will restore the additions, jointly reconstructing
+the complete context expression associated with a piece of memoized code to
+what it was at the end of memoization.
+
+We can now complete the picture of a utilization attempt started in
+section~\ref{sec:cc-memos}. Memoize begins by trying to input the c-memo; this
+can be done as the c-memo can be identified based solely on (the MD5 sum of)
+the memoized code. If the c-memo does not exist, Memoize starts the
+memoization process, which will produce the memos and the externs. But if it
+does exist, inputting it reconstructs the context expression to the state at
+the end of memoization. Therefore, as the MD5 sum of the \emph{expansion} of
+the context expression \emph{at the end of memoization} is baked into the
+cc-memo filename, trying to load the cc-memo identified by (the prefix, the
+code MD5 sum and) the MD5 sum of the \emph{expansion} of the context expression
+\emph{at attempted utilization} will succeed precisely when the context
+remained unchanged from memoization to attempted utilization.
+
+All this might have sounded very complicated, but in the end, most c-memos are
+quite boring, the titlepage penguin's c-memo shown below being no exception. A
+c-memo starts with the \refcmd{mmzMemo} marker, which is always followed by a
+(global) assignment to token register \refcmd{mmzContextExtra}, holding the
+context expression additions. As promised, the c-memo below is boring: it
+assigns an empty token list to this register, leaving the context expression
+as-is. Next comes the free-form part of the memo. Below, it is boringly empty
+as well (just the percent sign), but in principle, it will contain any code
+gathered in register \refcmd{mmzCMemo} during memoization; see
+\ref{sec:per-overlay} for an example. A c-memo is concluded by an optional
+part consisting of the \refcmd{mmzSource} marker, followed by the memoized
+code. The source code section is not used by Memoize in any way and can be
+switched off by \code{\refmmz{include source in cmemo}=false}; it is included
+by default so that an interested user can know which code produced which memo,
+which can be useful if one wants to trigger recompilation of an extern by
+deleting the corresponding memo. Incidentally, any newlines in the source code
+are lost in the c-memo replica (unless \refmmz{verbatim} is in effect), but we
+will only see this once we arrive at the \pkg{beamer} example below.
+
+\begingroup
+\relaxmmzcommands
+\def\mmzNewCMemo#1{% fetch the first c-memo filename
+ \def\mycmemo{#1}%
+ \endinput
+}
+\input{\exampledir titlepage.mmz.c1}
+\tcbinputlisting{
+ listing only,
+ listing file=\exampledir\mycmemo,
+ example title=\mycmemo,
+}
+\endgroup
+
+A c-memo of code containing a cross-reference will prove more interesting. The
+following c-memo was produced by the |ref| example from section
+\ref{sec:cross-referencing}. As we know from that section, when a \refcmd{ref} (as
+hacked by Memoize's \refmmzauto{ref} key) occurs in some memoized code, it
+appends the cross-reference to the context. In the c-memo below, this is
+reflected by the (global) assignment of an expression containing the
+cross-reference macro to token register \refcmd{mmzContextExtra}, holding
+the context expression additions.
+
+\begingroup
+\relaxmmzcommands
+\def\mmzNewCMemo#1{% fetch the first c-memo filename
+ \def\mycmemo{#1}%
+ \endinput
+}
+\input{\exampledir ref.mmz.c1}
+\sed{%
+ s/~//g;
+ s/\cmd{global}.*\marg/~\0~/;
+}{\exampledir\mycmemo}
+\tcbinputlisting{
+ listing only,
+ listing file=\exampledir\mycmemo,
+ example title=\mycmemo,
+}
+\endgroup
+
+
+\subsubsection{More on \texorpdfstring{\cs{label}}{\textbackslash label}}
+\label{sec:label+}
+
+A \refcmd{label} inside memoized code works out of the box in the usual situation
+when label value is fully determined by the memoized code, as in the example in
+section~\ref{sec:cc-memos}, where the memoized code contained the outermost
+(and only) \env{enumerate} environment. However, the out of the box approach does
+not work if the label value is (fully or partially) determined outside the
+memoized code. To illustrate the problem, and some potential solutions, we
+define two very simple enumeration environments, |listi| and |listii|, which
+use counters |counti| and |countii|, and which are intended as the outer and
+the inner environment, respectively. Our interest here is in the inner
+environment, |listii|. While it prefixes each item by an indented
+|\thecountii)|, the label is a composite of both counters:
+|\thecounti\thecountii|. The label is stored into \refcmd{@currentlabel}, so
+referencing works as usual. However, problems arise when we automemoize the
+inner environment.
+
+\ExampleName{label+}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1 N=6}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=2}
+\tcbinputexample{
+ sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.53,
+ comment={\centering\includeexamplepdf[document page][\examplepath.c2.pdf]{page=1}},
+}
+
+While the result looks fine at first, changing the order of |listii|
+environments, for example by moving ``pets'' below ``domestic'', will result in a
+problem: the reference at the bottom will remain unchanged. This is so because
+the reference text is baked into the cc-memo, as shown below.
+
+\begingroup
+\relaxmmzcommands
+\def\mmzNewCCMemo#1{% fetch the first cc-memo filename
+ \def\myccmemo{#1}%
+ \endinput
+}
+\input{\examplepath.mmz.c1}
+\sed{%
+ s/~//g;
+ s/\cmd{mmzLabel} \marg\marg/~\0~/;
+ s/\(\marg\)\(\cmd{mmzIncludeExtern}\)/\1 \2/;
+ s/\(\marg\marg\marg\)\(\marg\marg\marg\marg\marg\)/\1\space\2/;
+}{\exampledir\myccmemo}
+\tcbinputlisting{
+ listing only,
+ listing file=\exampledir\myccmemo,
+ example title=\myccmemo,
+}
+\endgroup
+
+How can we remedy this? The manual option is to force the recompilation of the
+extern by putting an (invisible) reference to the outer item into the inner
+item: add |\label{item:pets}| to item ``pets'' and refer to it at ``dog'' by
+\refcmd{mmzNoRef}|{item:pets}|.%
+\attachexample[\examplename mmzNoRef.tex][\examplepath.tex.c3.attachment]
+
+An automatic variant of the recompilation solution is to add \cs{@currentlabel}
+to the context upon memoizing |listii|. This can be achieved by adding
+\refmmz{context}|={@currentlabel={\csuse{@currentlabel}}}| to the \refmmz{auto}
+declaration for |listii|. The downside of this approach is that every |listii|
+will get reexternalized upon movement, whether it actually contains a label or
+not.\attachexample[\examplename context.tex][\examplepath.tex.c4.attachment]
+
+In fact, given that the externs produced by the inner environment do not
+contain the value of the outer counter, it seems wasteful to recompile any
+extern just to change the reference. And indeed, it is possible to avoid this,
+but the approach unfortunately requires adapting the inner environment code
+(and this is why I have not illustrated the problem using an environment of an
+elaborate package like \pkg{enumitem}). The idea is to ``unbake'' the
+reference to the outer item in the cc-memo. We can achieve this by changing
+|listii| to define \cs{@currentlabel} to be |\unexpanded{\thecounti}\thecountii|.
+Under this definition, the cc-memo will contain |\mmzLabel
+{item:dog}{\thecounti a}|, and rearranging |listii| environments will produce
+(upon two compilations, of course) the correct reference without recompiling
+the extern. Note again, however, that this solution can only work when the
+value of the outer counter does not appear in the extern, i.e.\ it would not
+work the ``dog'' item was prefixed by |1a)| rather than simply |a)|. In those
+cases, one should deploy one of the other solutions.%
+\attachexample[\examplename listii.tex][\examplepath.tex.c5.attachment]
+
+The final solution, presented below, is an elaboration on the second one.
+Rather than append \cs{@currentlabel} to the context immediately upon beginning
+to memoize environment |listii|, we will at that point redefine \cs{label} to do
+that. In effect, changing the location of |listii| will only recompile it if
+it contains a \cs{label}.
+
+At announced, we redefine \cs{label} once the memoization of |listii| begins,
+so within \refmmz{at begin memoization}.\footnote{Another generally good
+ location for such redefinitions is among the auto-options of |listii|. We
+ could include an \refmmz{auto}\cs{label}\marg{...} there, or a |/utils/exec|
+ with \refcmd{AdviceSetup}. However, in this particular case this would be
+ wasteful, as it would be applied regardless of whether memoization will take
+ place or not, whereas we only need the redefined \cs{label} when memoizing.}
+However, we do not redefine \cs{label} directly, as Memoize advises this
+control sequence out of the box (see
+section~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization-details} for details). What we redefine
+is the command which the advising framework executes instead of \cs{label} ---
+its so-called \refmmzauto{outer handler} --- and we do this by calling
+\refcmd{AdviceSetup}, the low-level variant of the familiar key
+\refmmz{auto}.\footnote{We could have also used \refmmz{auto}, but we don't,
+ because (a) \refcmd{AdviceSetup} is faster, (b) it is easier to prepend
+ material to a handler using the low-level interface, and (c) I wanted to
+ showcase \refcmd{AdviceSetup}.} The first argument of \refcmd{AdviceSetup}
+is the installation path (|/mmz|), the second one the command or environment we
+are submitting to the framework (\cs{label}), and the third one the setup
+\emph{code} --- here lies the biggest difference between \refmmz{auto} and
+\refcmd{AdviceSetup}: the former expects a keylist, and the latter \hologo{TeX}
+code which directly manipulates settings macros like
+\refcmd{AdviceOuterHandler} (for the full list, see
+section~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization-details} or~\ref{sec:ref:advice}).
+
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.c6]{listing only, float,
+ attachment name=\examplename auto.tex,
+}
+
+Within \refcmd{AdviceSetup}, we prefix (using macro \cs{preto} of package
+\pkg{etoolbox}) the original outer handler \refcmd{AdviceOuterHandler} by code
+which causes \cs{outerlabeltocontext} to be executed at the end of memoization
+(by globally appending this macro to \refcmd{mmzAtEndMemoizationExtra};
+``Extra'' because we're appending during memoization). It is
+\cs{outerlabeltocontext} which then appends \refcmd{@currentlabel} to the
+context (\refcmd{mmzContextExtra}; again, ``Extra'' because we're appending
+during memoization),\footnote{As a courtesy, we clear out macro
+ \cs{outerlabeltocontext} once it did it's job, so that multiple \cs{label}s
+ do not include multiple \cs{@currentlabel}s into the context. But the code
+ would work even without this addendum, can you see why?} and it is crucial
+that this happens at the end of memoization rather than when \cs{label} is
+executed. When \cs{label} is executed, we're inside an inner item, and
+\cs{@currentlabel} refers to that item, while at the end of memoization, the
+value of this macro equals the value at the beginning of memoization, namely
+the label of the outer item. While the outer list remains unshuffled, the
+value of \refcmd{@currentlabel} that contributes to the context MD5 sum during
+the utilization attempt will therefore match the value which contributed to the
+context MD5 sum during memoization, resulting in matching MD5 sums and
+therefore in actual utilization of the extern; once the outer list is shuffled,
+this will cease to be the case and the extern will be recompiled.
+
+
+\subsubsection{The Beamer support explained}
+\label{sec:per-overlay}
+
+The implementation of \refmmz{per overlay}, which makes memoization sensitive
+to Beamer overlays, provides an example of a complex interaction between
+various components of memoization. At the core, the Beamer support works by
+adjusting the context, but we will also have the occasion to observe the
+free-form part of the c-memo, add a bit of extra code to the cc-memo, and
+deploy several memoization hooks. We will show the complete Beamer support
+code later on; let us build our understanding of that code step by step.
+(Before you read on, you might want to refresh your memory about the \pkg{beamer}
+example from section~\ref{sec:tut:beamer}, as we will refer to it in the
+present section.)
+
+The core idea behind \refmmz{per overlay} is to append the current beamer
+overlay number to the context:\cprotect\footnote{As we saw in
+ section~\ref{sec:tut:beamer}, it is convenient to execute \refmmz{per
+ overlay} inside memoized code. But remember, from
+ section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing}, that when \refmmz{context} is executed
+ from within the memoized code, its argument winds up in the c-memo. As the
+ c-memo is processed under the normal category code regime, where |@| is not a
+ letter, we have to access |\beamer@overlaynumber| using the |\csname
+ ... \endcsname| construct.} \refmmz{context}|={overlay=\csname
+ beamer@overlaynumber\endcsname}|. This makes Memoize produce a separate
+extern for each overlay. However, only the first of these externs will get
+utilized on subsequent compilations, in general at least. Even worse, we will
+lose each frame whose creation is driven solely by the memoized code. We will
+lose the second overlay in our example (i.e.\ in the \pkg{beamer} example from
+section~\ref{sec:tut:beamer}) as the second overlay was only created because
+Beamer encountered |only={2}{...}| (resolving to |\only<2>{...}| under the
+hood) inside the picture code; once we utilize the extern instead of compiling
+the picture on the first overlay, the |\only| command is not executed anymore,
+so Beamer thinks it is done with the frame.
+
+As the compilation of our picture is substituted by utilization of its
+cc-memos, we have to somehow drive the creation of the necessary overlays from
+these files. An easy way to achieve this is to furnish them with a dummy
+|\only<|\meta{final overlay number}|>{}|,\footnote{`The final overlay' here
+ should be understood as relative to our memoized picture, i.e.\ as the final
+ overlay containing the memoized picture.}\footnote{Actually, putting this
+ \cs{only} command only into the first cc-memo would suffice, but would be
+ harder to implement.} but there is a problem: the final overlay number is
+unknown when we're memoizing our picture --- it is unknown even when we're
+memoizing the picture on final overlay itself (we simply don't know yet that
+this overlay will end up being the final one), let alone during the memoization
+on the first overlay.
+
+The solution exploits the fact that \emph{the c-memo is rewritten at each
+ memoization}: at each memoization of our picture, we store the the
+\emph{current} overlay number to the c-memo; after all memoizations, the c-memo
+will thus contain the number of the \emph{final} overlay containing our
+memoized picture. To access this number from the cc-memo, we store it as a
+macro definition, and then use the defined macro, |\mmzBeamerOverlays|, in the
+overlay specification of the dummy |\only|. Below, you can see all this in
+code, as the argument to \refmmz{at begin memoization}.
+
+\ExampleName{per-overlay-v1}
+\makeexample{\examplename.sty}
+\tcbinputexample[.sty]{
+ listing only,
+ title={The implementation of \refmmz{per overlay} (first attempt)},
+}
+
+A couple of remarks are in order here. First, the definition of
+|\mmzBeamerOverlays| in the c-memo is global, because it will be accessed from
+the cc-memo, but the cc-memo is input after closing the memoize group (which
+the c-memo \emph{is} processed in). Second, using \refmmz{at begin
+ memoization} makes it possible to use \refmmz{per overlay} both outside and
+during memoization: if \refmmz{at begin memoization} is executed outside
+memoization, its argument is (locally) stored into hook
+\refcmd{mmzAtBeginMemoization}, to be called at the beginning of each
+memoization; if the key executed outside memoization, the argument is executed
+immediately. Third, the Memoize keys in the definition of \refmmz{per overlay}
+are prefixed with \code{\refkeypath{/mmz}/}, so that this key can be called from
+\pkg{pgfkeys} option lists of other packages, for example the option list of
+the \env{tikzpicture} environment, as shown in the example in
+section~\ref{sec:tut:beamer}.
+
+I used the above version of \refmmz{per overlay} for quite a while. In
+general, it worked as I expected, but there were glitches. Occasionally, the
+picture would appear on the wrong overlay, or I would get an extra overlay, or
+perhaps lose an overlay. Eventually, I figured out this happens when I play
+with the overlay structure of the frame: when I add or remove a \cs{pause} or
+similar. In hindsight, it is easy to see what was happening. Once the picture
+is memoized, it is fixed, forever, which extern will appear on which overlay.
+I cannot expect the extern--overlay correlation to change just because I added
+a \cs{pause} in front of the picture. Furthermore, the number of overlays the
+memos will drive to be created is fixed as well. If I memoize the picture
+while it follows a \cs{pause}, and the picture creates 10 overlays, the c-memo
+will define |\mmzBeamerOverlays| to 11. So what, if I then remove that
+\cs{pause}! The c-memo will still define |\mmzBeamerOverlays| to 11, and drive
+the creation of 11 overlays --- one too many.
+
+By now, the road ahead is probably clear --- we put the |beamerpauses| counter
+into the context --- but we will see there are still obstacles on the way. The
+issue is that the context is evaluated at the \emph{end} of memoization (so
+that those cross-references from section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing} actually
+get into it). However, the memoized code might contain a \cs{pause} or similar
+itself, and change the value of |beamerpauses|. For one, this means that we
+have to write down the changed value of |beamerpauses| into the cc-memo; below,
+we do this using key \refmmz{at end memoization} (the code given code to this
+key is executed after the driver but before Memoize writes down the memos and
+ships out the extern pages; the key itself may be executed either before or
+during memoization). Furthermore, if the memoized code changes the value of
+|beamerpauses|, the value of |beamerpauses| at the attempted utilization, which
+would nicely match the value from the start of memoization, will never match
+the changed, final value from the end of memoization, in effect preventing our
+hard-won externs from ever getting utilized.
+
+We therefore have to invent a way to get the memoization-\emph{initial} value
+of |beamerpauses| into the context.\footnote{This imposes a requirement on the
+ in-code usage of \refmmz{per overlay}, namely, that it should be executed
+ prior to any changes of |beamerpauses|.} Fine, we store it in a
+macro,\footnote{We must define \cs{mmzBeamerPauses} globally, because
+ \refmmz{per overlay} can be arbitrarily deeply embedded in the memoized
+ code.} |\mmzBeamerPauses|, when we start the memoization (\refmmz{at begin
+ memoization}), and put |\mmzBeamerPauses| rather than |beamerpauses| into the
+context. Will this work? Not yet, because |\mmzBeamerPauses| is undefined at
+utilization. We need to set up the context expression so that it will expand
+to the value of |\mmzBeamerPauses| at (the end of) memoization, and to the
+value of |beamerpauses| at utilization. This leads to the
+|pauses=\ifmemoizing...| part of the context expression in (the final version
+ of) the Beamer support code below.
+
+\medskip % manual, to avoid an orphan
+
+\ExampleName{per-overlay}
+\makeexcerpt{per-overlay}
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{%
+ listing only, one file,
+ left=0pt, % manual indentation gobble
+ title={The implementation of \refmmz{per overlay}},
+}
+
+Are we done? Almost. The final issue is that once we have introduced support
+for pauses, we have to relativize |\mmzBeamerOverlays| (the final overlay
+number) to |beamerpause|. So instead of a simple |\gdef\mmzBeamerOverlays| in
+the first version, we define |\mmzSetBeamerOverlays|\nohyphen\marg{beamer
+ pauses}\marg{final overlay number}, which sets |\mmzBeamerOverlays| only if
+\meta{beamer pauses} argument matches the value of |beamerpauses| (at its
+invocation in the c-memo). Well, the macro has some other housekeeping to do
+as well: it is self-replicating, so that during potential memoization, the
+|\mmzBeamerOverlays| values belonging to non-current |beamerpauses| values get
+rewritten into the c-memo.\footnote{As replication should only occur during
+ memoization (actually, it \emph{can} only occur then, anyway), the
+ instruction to append to the c-memo is appended to the
+ \cs{mmzAtBeginMemoization} hook (the low-level interface to \refmmz{at begin
+ memoization}). Note that the assignment to this hook must be local (once
+ local, always local), and it \emph{can} be local because of a little
+ implementation detail: while the c-memo is processed in the memoize
+ \hologo{TeX} group, we don't open an additional group to process it; so the
+ local effects from c-memo will persist into memoization (but not into
+ utilization, because remember that the memoize group is closed before
+ inputting the cc-memo).} (Fine, there is another fine detail, regarding
+anti-pollution: the macro also ensures that, relative to \marg{beamer pauses},
+only the instance with the greatest \meta{final overlay number} is replicated.)
+
+We are now truly done, and we can look at the final result, the c-memo and the
+cc-memo belonging to the extern on the first overlay of the example from
+section~\ref{sec:tut:beamer}. Specifically, look at the |\mmzSetBeamerOverlays
+{1}{2}|, which says that the extern chain started when |beamerpauses| equals 1
+should continue up to overlay 2, and at the (expanded) context included at the
+end of the cc-memo, courtesy of \refmmz{include context in ccmemo}, where you
+can see that the cc-memo will be used when on the first overlay (|overlay=1|)
+when preceded by no \cs{pause} command (|pauses=1|).
+
+\begingroup
+\relaxmmzcommands
+\def\mmzNewCMemo#1{% fetch the first c-memo filename
+ \def\mycmemo{#1}%
+}
+\def\mmzNewCCMemo#1{% fetch the first cc-memo filename
+ \def\myccmemo{#1}%
+ \endinput
+}
+\input{\exampledir beamer.mmz.c1}
+\sed{%
+ s/~//g;
+ s/\cmd{mmzSetBeamerOverlays} \marg\marg/~\0~/;
+}{\exampledir\mycmemo}
+\sed{%
+ s/~//g;
+ s/overlay=[0-9]*/~\0~/;
+ s/pauses=[0-9]*/~\0~/;
+ s/\(\cmd{quitvmode}\) \(\cmd{only}\)/\1\n\2/;
+ s/\rbrace\(\cmd{mmzIncludeExtern}\)/\rbrace\percentchar\n\1/;
+ s/\rbrace\(\cmd{setcounter}\)/\rbrace\percentchar\n\1/;
+ s/\(\marg\marg\marg\)\(\marg\marg\marg\marg\marg\)/\1\space\2/;
+}{\exampledir\myccmemo}
+
+\tcbinputlisting{
+ listing only,
+ listing file=\exampledir\mycmemo,
+ example title=\mycmemo,
+}
+
+\tcbinputlisting{
+ listing only,
+ listing file=\exampledir\myccmemo,
+ example title=\myccmemo,
+}
+\endgroup
+
+
+\subsection{Record files}
+\label{sec:record-files}
+
+We have seen that externalization is a two-step process in Memoize: as it is
+impossible for \hologo{TeX} to create multiple PDFs during a single
+compilation, the externs are first dumped into the document PDF as special
+extern pages, and only later extracted from the main document into separate PDF
+files. But extraction requires a complete PDF, which is unavailable even at
+the very end of the compilation which produces the externs. The externs can
+therefore only be extracted \emph{after} that compilation (either before or at
+the beginning of the next one), and this necessitates some form of
+communication whereby the memoization step informs the extraction step which
+pages should be extracted from the document PDF and into which (PDF) files they
+should be stored. This communication is implemented through auxiliary files
+called \emph{record files}.
+
+\subsubsection{The \texttt{.mmz} file}
+\label{sec:.mmz}
+
+By default, Memoize records the information needed for the extraction in a file
+named \meta{document name}\dmmz,\footnote{For \hologo{TeX}perts: the
+ \meta{document name} is of course the expansion of \cs{jobname}.} henceforth
+a \dmmz file. In fact, this file contains more than information on externs
+created during the last compilation: it records which memos and externs were
+either used or created during the compilation. The full information contained
+in the \dmmz file is used by the clean-up script \refscript{memoize-clean.pl}
+to safely remove stale memos and externs. Let us take a look at the \dmmz file
+produced by the titlepage illustration. In fact, we have two versions of this
+file, as it changes upon the second compilation.
+
+\ExampleName{titlepage}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=2}
+\sed{%
+ s/~//g;
+ s/\cmd{mmzNewExtern}/~\0~/;
+}{\examplepath.mmz.c1}
+\tcbinputexample[.mmz][.c1]{
+ listing only, one file, no attachment, float,
+ after title pre={\ (after the first compilation)},
+ listing options app={breakatwhitespace=false,prebreak=\coloredpercentchar},
+}
+\tcbinputexample[.mmz][.c2]{
+ listing only, one file, no attachment, float,
+ after title pre={\ (after subsequent compilations)},
+ listing options app={breakatwhitespace=false,prebreak=\coloredpercentchar},
+}
+
+As you can see, the \dmmz file takes the form of a \hologo{TeX} script (the
+format was chosen because it facilitated the implementation of the internally
+triggered \hologo{TeX}-based extraction). The crucial lines in this file, and
+the only lines used by the extraction script, occur in the first version of the
+file: they contain command \refcmd{mmzNewExtern}, which informs the extraction
+script that it should extract the document page given by the second argument
+into the extern file given by the first argument.\footnote{If you look at the
+ \dmmz file after extracting the externs using \refscript{memoize-extract.pl}
+ without the \refscript{memoize-extract.pl--keep} option, you will find that
+ the \refcmd{mmzNewExtern} commands are commented out; this is to prevent
+ multiple extractions (even if they are harmless).} (The following two
+arguments provide the expected width and height of the extern; the
+extraction script may check whether the extern size conforms to these
+expectations, but this is not crucial, as the extern size is checked every time
+it is included anyway.)
+
+A \dmmz file also contains a record of the memos (both c-memos and cc-memos)
+created in the last compilation; this information is provided by the sole
+argument of commands \refcmd{mmzNewCMemo} and \refcmd{mmzNewCCMemo}. And once
+memos and externs get used in subsequent compilations, the \dmmz file will
+reflect this with \refcmd{mmzUsedCMemo}, \refcmd{mmzUsedCCMemo} and
+\refcmd{mmzUsedExtern}, as shown in the second version of the file above.
+
+Finally, both versions illustrate that a \dmmz file always begins with command
+\refcmd{mmzPrefix} and ends with the |\endinput| marker. The argument of
+\refcmd{mmzPrefix} is the path prefix to the memo and extern files, as
+determined by the invocation of key \refmmz{path} (and its subkeys
+\refmmzpath{relative}, \refmmzpath{dir} and \refmmzpath{prefix}). The initial
+\refcmd{mmzPrefix} line is written to the \dmmz file at the beginning of the
+document, but an additional \refcmd{mmzPrefix} line will occur for every
+invocation of \refmmz{path} in the document body. Finally, the |\endinput|
+marker signals that the \dmmz file is complete.
+
+As mentioned above, the full contingent of \dmmz file commands is only used by
+the clean-up script \refscript{memoize-clean.pl}. By default, this script
+removes all memos and externs with the prefix given by \refcmd{mmzPrefix}
+(relative to the directory hosting the \dmmz file) but those listed by any of
+\refcmd{mmzNewCMemo}, \refcmd{mmzNewCCMemo}, \refcmd{mmzNewExtern},
+\refcmd{mmzUsedCMemo}, \refcmd{mmzUsedCCMemo} and \refcmd{mmzUsedExtern}.
+Furthermore, the clean-up script will cowardly refuse to delete anything if the
+\dmmz file does not end with |\endinput|, as this means that the compilation
+ended prematurely and that the \dmmz file might not mention all memos and
+externs actually used in the document. If given option
+\refscript{memoize-clean.pl--all}, the clean-up script removes even the memos
+and externs mentioned in the \dmmz file, and as this option is intended to
+bring Memoize to a clean slate after any ``disasters,'' the
+\refscript{memoize-clean.pl--all} mode also ignores the potential absence of
+the |\endinput| marker. Incidentally, the \refscript{memoize-clean.pl--all}
+mode is also the raison d'être for \refcmd{mmzPrefix}: while the prefix is
+usually recognizable from \refcmd{mmzNewCMemo} and friends, these commands
+might not make it into the \dmmz file in a fatally failed compilation, but it
+is precisely such compilations that could occasionally require the full
+clean-up.
+
+\subsubsection{Defining a new record type}
+\label{sec:new-record-file}
+
+The \dmmz file is not the only kind of a record file that can be produced by
+Memoize. Out of the box, it can also write down the extraction instructions
+into a makefile or a shell script. These are useful on systems which have to
+employ the \hologo{TeX}-based extraction but cannot trigger it internally.
+Running the \hologo{TeX}-based extraction manually would be painful, as it must
+be done on extern-by-extern basis, so Memoize offers to automate the extraction
+by a makefile or a shell script; here, the record file is named
+\code{memoize-extract.\meta{document name}.\meta{record type}} by default,
+where \meta{record type} is either \refmmz{record=makefile},
+\refmmz{record=sh} (for shell scripts on Linux), or \refmmz{record=bat} (for
+shell scripts on Windows).
+
+To turn on recording of an alternate record type, use key
+\refmmz{record}|=|\meta{record type}. Memoize can record any number of files
+simultaneously, so saying \code{\refmmz{record}=\refmmz{record=sh}} will
+produce the shell script alongside \dmmz (Memoize internally executes
+\code{\refmmz{record}=\refmmz{record=mmz}} to start recording the \dmmz file);
+this should not be a problem, but if you really want to disable the \dmmz file
+production, you can say \refmmz{no record}.
+
+The predefined record types are defined through a generic system open to the
+user. To define an additional record type, one needs to define, using
+\pkg{pgfkeys}, the relevant hooks of the form \refkeypath{/mmz/record/record
+ type}|/|\meta{hook}. The following \meta{hook}s can be defined (the hooks
+not needed for the record file type may be left undefined):
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Key \refmmz{record/record type/begin} will be executed at the beginning
+ of the document; it will receive no argument. Use it to open the record
+ file.
+\item Key \refmmz{record/record type/end} will be executed at the end of the
+ document; it will receive no argument. Use it to close the record file.
+\item Key \refmmz{record/record type/prefix} will be executed at the end of the
+ document and at every invocation of key \refmmz{path} in the document body;
+ it will receive a single argument, the path prefix determined by key
+ \refmmz{path}.
+\item Keys \refmmz{record/record type/new cmemo}, \refmmz{record/record
+ type/used cmemo}, \refmmz{record/record type/new ccmemo} and
+ \refmmz{record/record type/used ccmemo} will be executed after creating or
+ inputting a memo; they will receive a single argument, the full path to the
+ memo.
+\item Key \refmmz{record/record type/used extern} will be executed after an
+ extern was included into the document; it will receive a single argument, the
+ full path to the extern.
+\item Key \refmmz{record/record type/new extern} will be executed after
+ creating creating an extern, more precisely at the end of memoization, right
+ after shipping out the extern page. It will receive a single argument, the
+ full path to the extern, but additionally, Memoize prepares the following
+ macros:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item \refcmd{ne:externbasepath} holds the full path to the extern, but (unlike |#1|)
+ without the |.pdf| suffix;
+ \item \refcmd{ne:pagenumber} holds the ``physical'' page number of the extern page in
+ the document (the numbering starts by $1$);
+ \item \refcmd{ne:expectedwidth} and \refcmd{ne:expectedheight} hold the width and
+ the height (total height, i.e.\ the sum of \hologo{TeX}'s height and depth)
+ of the extern page.
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{itemize}
+
+Below, we present two simple examples of a record file. The first type simply
+records the names of all memos and externs used or created by Memoize; the
+resulting file could be included by |.gitignore| to have
+\hreftt{https://git-scm.com}{git} automatically ignore all files produced by
+Memoize. The second type lists the new externs, each preceded by its page
+number in the |.pdf|; this file could be fed to a custom extern extraction
+tool.
+
+\ExampleName{record-files}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\tcbinputexample{listing only}
+
+\ExampleName{record-extern-pages}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\tcbinputexample{listing only}
+
+Finally, note that (unlike memos and externs) record files are auxiliary files
+and may be deleted at any time after the extraction of the externs produced in
+the final compilation --- actually, even if these externs were not yet
+extracted, deleting the record file(s) will merely force their recompilation.
+
+
+\subsection{The memoization process}
+\label{sec:memoization-drivers}
+
+We now turn to the memoization process itself. The job of memoization is to,
+while compiling the given code in a regular fashion, prepare the cc-memo
+(which, when it is input, will replicate the effect of the given code),
+alongside any externs that the cc-memo will include (these hold the typeset
+material to be replicated). Clearly, merely compiling the code cannot have
+this effect (unless that code was written specifically to support memoization;
+more on this later), and this is why the memoized code is typically wrapped by
+a \emph{memoization driver}, which can be set using key \Emph{\refmmz{driver}}.
+We'll inspect the default memoization driver, \refcmd{mmzSingleExternDriver},
+in the first subsection, and we will learn how to write specialized drivers in
+the remaining subsections. But first, let us say some words about a
+grouping-related \hologo{TeX}nical detail we need to take care about during
+memoization.
+
+During memoization, we have to collect certain information, like build the
+contents of the cc-memo. Some of that information might be contributed by the
+memoized code itself. For example, a \cs{label} ``adds itself'' to the cc-memo
+(by appending to token register \refcmd{mmzCCMemo}); a
+\refkey{/tikz/remember picture} aborts memoization (by issuing
+\refcmd{mmzAbort}); etc. The issue is that the memoized code might open any
+number of \hologo{TeX} groups; we have no idea how deeply embedded the
+\cs{label} or \refkey{/tikz/remember picture} might be. Therefore, we have
+to collect all the information about the ongoing memoization \emph{globally}:
+all assignments to \refcmd{mmzCCMemo} must be global; \refcmd{mmzAbort} sets
+the underlying conditional globally; etc. (Clearly, all these global variables
+are initialized at the start of memoization.)
+
+This was the easy part. An additional complication arises with some options
+which may be set either outside memoization, or during this process. For
+example, you can append the font size to the context expression in the preamble
+(see section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing}), so that the externs will be
+automatically recompiled when the font size changes, and clearly, this context
+adjustment should respect \hologo{TeX} grouping; but a \cs{ref} or some other
+cross-referencing command in the memoized code needs to append to the context
+as well, and as this \cs{ref} occurs \emph{within} the memoized code, the
+assignment must be global, as explained above.
+
+Mixing the local and global assignments to the token register
+\refcmd{mmzContext}, which holds the (in the actual implementation, local)
+context expression, will not do. For one, we \emph{do} want to restore the
+pre-memoization context expression after we have memoized the code, and
+furthermore, mixing local and global assignments to the same variable is not
+recommended for save stack reasons anyway.
+
+Memoize addresses this issue by having \emph{two} context registers,
+\refcmd{mmzContext} and \refcmd{mmzContextExtra} --- when computing the context
+MD5 sum (which happens at the end of memoization), the two registers are
+concatenated (the local one comes first). A package writer should know when to
+use which register, and how. Outside memoization, one should assign to
+\refcmd{mmzContext} --- \emph{locally}. During memoization, one should assign
+to \refcmd{mmzContextExtra} --- \emph{globally}. The user interface key
+\refmmz{context} respects this requirement automatically: it locally appends to
+\refcmd{mmzContext} outside memoization, and it globally appends to
+\refcmd{mmzContextExtra} during memoization. (The same idea is applied to the
+post-memoization hooks \refmmz{at end memoization} and \refmmz{after
+ memoization}.)
+
+
+\subsubsection{The default memoization driver}
+\label{sec:memoization-driver-default}
+
+The default memoization driver, \refcmd{mmzSingleExternDriver}, produces
+exactly one extern, which contains whatever is typeset by the code submitted to
+memoization. The driver compiles the code into a horizontal or vertical box
+depending on the value of key \refmmz{capture}. Let us look at the definition
+of the driver line by line:
+
+\makeexcerpt{single-extern-driver}
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{%
+ listing only, one file,
+ listing options app={numbers=left, numberstyle=\tiny, numbersep=0.5em},
+ title=The default memoization driver,
+ float,
+}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item Macro \refcmd{mmzSingleExternDriver} (and in fact any memoization
+ driver) takes a single argument, the code to compile. Memoize will call the
+ driver with the code given as the second argument to \refcmd{Memoize}, but
+ wrapped in a macro which re-reads it using \refcmd{scantokens} when
+ \refmmz{verbatim} is in effect.
+\item If we're capturing into a horizontal box
+ (\refmmz{capture}|=|\refmmz{capture=hbox}), we put \refcmd{quitvmode} into
+ the cc-memo --- putting it to the very beginning should make sure that any
+ replicated \cs{label} and \cs{index} commands refer to the correct page.
+\item We compile the given code, storing the typeset material into a box
+ (above, a temporary box called |\mmz@box|). |\mmz@capture| resolves into a
+ box construction command, depending on the value \refmmz{capture}.
+\item Macro \refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox} instructs Memoize to externalize the box
+ given as its first argument. However, this macro does not directly produce
+ an extern page or write any instructions into the cc-memo; the road to this
+ final destination is indirect. \refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox} has two effects.
+ First, it adds the contents of the given box (above, |\mmz@box|) to an
+ internal box dedicated to holding all the externs produced in this
+ memoization (the contents of |\mmz@box| remain as they are) --- it is only at
+ the end of memoization that the contents of this internal box are shipped off
+ to extern pages. Second, \refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox} produces the code which
+ will include the extern into the document on subsequent compilations (this
+ will be a call to \refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern}, potentially prefixed by
+ \refcmd{quitvmode}; see section~\ref{sec:cc-memos} for details). This code
+ is stored into the token register gives as the second argument (above,
+ |\mmz@temptoks|), and it is the responsibility of the driver to include it
+ into the cc-memo. (In the interest of full disclosure,
+ \refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox} also updates the list of externs produced in this
+ memoization. At the end of memoization, this list is written to the
+ beginning of the cc-memo, resulting in the \refcmd{mmzResource} lines
+ preceding the \refcmd{mmzMemo} marker.)
+\item The construction of the cc-memo is indirect as well. In the third line
+ of the definition, we globally append the extern-inclusion code residing in
+ |\mmz@temptoks| to token register \refcmd{mmzCCMemo}. At the end of
+ memoization, the contents of \refcmd{mmzCCMemo} are written into the cc-memo,
+ preceded by the \refcmd{mmzMemo} marker.
+\item We put the typeset material into the document, again preceded by
+ \refcmd{quitvmode} when capturing in a horizontal box.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+You might wonder why the construction of the extern pages and the cc-memo (and
+actually, of the c-memo as well) is indirect, as described above.
+\begin{itemize}
+\item For one, the indirect construction facilitates potential abortion of
+ memoization (see section~\ref{sec:tut:good-to-know}). With the indirect route,
+ aborting is easy --- as nothing was permanently written anywhere yet, Memoize
+ simply skips the final part of the process, where extern boxes are shipped
+ into extern pages and the memo registers written into memo files --- and also
+ clean: if \refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox} immediately shipped out the extern
+ pages, these pages would remain in the document even in the case of abortion.
+\item Even more importantly, the cc-memo filename contains the \meta{context
+ md5sum} (see section~\ref{sec:cc-memos}), but the context expression is not
+ yet fully known when memoization starts --- remember (from
+ section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing}) that a \cs{ref} in the memoized code will
+ update the context! The cc-memo can therefore only be opened at the end of
+ memoization, which necessitates a buffer (i.e.\ the \refcmd{mmzCCMemo}
+ register) for storing its contents during memoization.
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+\subsubsection{Pure memoization}
+\label{sec:pure-memoization}
+
+The default memoization driver discussed above is really an externalization
+driver: it produces a single extern. We now move to examples of drivers with
+other functions, starting with a pure memoization driver, which does not
+externalize any typeset output --- simply because it does not call
+\refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox} at any point --- but rather remembers the result
+of a (pgfmath) computation (let's pretend that the computation is
+time-consuming).
+
+\ExampleName{pgfmathparse}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\begingroup
+\relaxmmzcommands
+\def\mmzNewCCMemo#1{% fetch the first cc-memo filename
+ \def\myccmemo{#1}%
+ \endinput
+}
+\input{\examplepath.mmz.c1}
+\tcbinputexample{%
+ comment={%
+ \tcbinputlisting{
+ listing only, width=.4\linewidth, nobeforeafter,
+ listing file=\exampledir\myccmemo,
+ example title, title=the cc-memo,
+ }\quad
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=1}
+ },
+}
+\endgroup
+
+Command \refcmd{mmz} above memoizes its mandatory argument with the memoization
+\refmmz{driver} set to the previously defined macro \cs{mmzPgfmathDriver}.
+Just as the default driver above, \cs{mmzPgfmathDriver} first executes the
+given code. However, there is no need to do this in the context of a
+|\setbox|, as the memoized code, which is obviously expected to consist of a
+single \cs{pgfmathparse} call, does not typeset anything: \cs{pgfmathparse}
+evaluates the given expression and stores the result into macro
+\cs{pgfmathresult}. The driver has two jobs: first, it must store this result
+into the cc-memo, to be utilized in subsequent compilations; second, because
+the assignment to \cs{pgfmathresult} (within \cs{pgfmathparse}) is local, the
+driver also needs to somehow smuggle the result out of the \cs{endgroup} issued
+by \refcmd{Memoize} and thereby make it into the following code (the final line
+of the example, which typesets the equation). Both jobs are easy enough: the
+expansion of |\def\noexpand\pgfmathresult{\pgfmathresult}| (in this case,
+|\def\pgfmathresult{42.0}|) is (globally) appended both to the token register
+\refcmd{mmzCCMemo}, which Memoize later writes into the cc-memo, and to the
+macro underlying the \refmmz{after memoization} hook, whose contents are
+executed \emph{after} closing the memoization group.
+
+Let us consider an alternative implementation of the same goal of memoizing the
+result of a pgfmath computation, showcasing a couple of useful tricks.
+
+\ExampleName{pgfmathparse-embellished}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{listing only}
+
+For one, this ``embellished'' example reminds us that we can list the
+\refmmz{driver} key among the auto-options (even if I don't really recommend
+automemoizing \cs{pgfmathparse}). But even more importantly, the example shows
+that the driver consist of more than a single control sequence; the only
+requirement is that the given driver code will consume the memoized code. In
+this example, we have developed a generic smuggling driver and applied it to
+\cs{pgfmathresult} in particular --- \cs{pgfmathresult} will become the first
+argument of \cs{mmzSmuggleOneDriver}, and the memoized code will become its
+second argument.
+
+In the first version of the example, we have appended the same code to macro
+\refcmd{mmzCCMemo} and to macro \refcmd{mmzAfterMemoizationExtra} --- no
+surprise here, as we want the effect of memoization and utilization to be the
+same. In the embellished version, we advertise another way to achieve the same
+effect, a way which might be useful for complicated drivers: we simply smuggle
+out the entire cc-memo. The idea works even when memoization procudes externs;
+in that case, however, the driver also has to say \cs{mmzkeepexternstrue} ---
+conditional \refcmd{ifmmzkeepexterns} decides whether Memoize keeps the externs
+around, in memory, even after shipping them out (but they are always gone at
+the start of the next memoization).
+
+Finally, remember that the default context expression contains the
+\refmmz{padding} values. However, these really have no place in the context
+expression of some purely memoized code. We have therefore emptied out the
+context expression using \refmmz{clear context}.
+
+
+\subsubsection{Multiple externs per memo}
+\label{sec:memoization-multiple-externs}
+
+In the next example, we show how to produce multiple externs for a single piece
+of memoized code. The usage case I find most appealing is breaking the typeset
+material, like a table, across pages --- but of course, table-breaking is too
+complicated an example, so we illustrate the idea by defining command
+|\countdown|, which counts down from the given number, typesetting each number
+into its own line. Clearly, if we were to externalize a call to this command
+using the default memoization driver, page breaking would stop working, as the
+entire countdown would be seen as a single, unbreakable box. To externalize it
+properly, the chunks of the countdown that should appear on separate pages must
+be externalized into separate externs, as shown below.
+
+\ExampleName{countdown}
+\makeexample{\examplename.sty N=2}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf}
+\tcbinputexample{%
+ listing options app={
+ basicstyle=\ttfamily\footnotesize,
+ },
+ middle=1mm, bottom=0mm,
+ comment={\centering
+ \relaxmmzcommands
+ \def\mmzUsedExtern##1{%
+ \saveexpandmode\fullexpandarg
+ \StrGobbleRight{##1}{4}[\mytemp]%
+ \StrRight{\mytemp}{5}[\mytemp]%
+ \restoreexpandmode
+ \relaxmmzcommands
+ }%
+ \def\mmzNewExtern##1##2##3##4##5{\mmzUsedExtern{##1}}
+ \def\myexternname##1{extern \dots\texttt{\mytemp##1.pdf}}%
+ \input{\examplepath.mmz}%
+ \begin{tabular}{ccc}
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,title/.expand once=\myexternname{}]
+ {page=2,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in,scale=0.333}&
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,title/.expand once=\myexternname{-1}]
+ {page=3,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in,scale=0.333}&
+ \includeexamplepdf[extern page,title/.expand once=\myexternname{-2}]
+ {page=4,trim=1in 1in 1in 1in,scale=0.333}\\
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=1,scale=0.333}&
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=5,scale=0.333}&
+ \includeexamplepdf[document page]{page=6,scale=0.333}
+ \end{tabular}
+ },
+}
+
+To achieve this, we will have to integrate the memoization driver into the very
+code of |\countdown|. This approach contrasts sharply with the standard
+memoization driver, which is simply wrapped around the memoized code. Let's
+say we have implemented a non-memoization-aware variant of |\countdown| as a
+loop which gathers the countdown lines into a vertical box, and periodically,
+when this box holds all the material that will fit onto the page, places it
+into the main vertical list (i.e.\ on the page).\footnote{Of course,
+ implementing \cs{countdown} this way would be idiotic; a sane implementation
+ would simply spit out the countdown lines one by one, and let \hologo{TeX}
+ deal with page-breaking. However, remember that we are pretending that we
+ are typesetting (and page-breaking) some complex material, like a table; in
+ such a case, the loop outlined in the main text would make perfect sense.}
+To have this command support memoization, we have to externalize our box every
+time we're placing it into the main vertical list. This is precisely what we
+do in the definition of |\countdowntypeset| below:\footnote{We omit the
+ definition of the core algorithm of \cs{countdown} in the listing, because it
+ is mostly irrelevant for our discussion, and only show the
+ memoization-related code.} the final line of this macro adds the material to
+the main vertical list, and the preceding lines externalize it (the two lines
+inside \cs{ifmemoizingcountdown} should be familiar from the definition of the
+standard memoization driver; we'll explain about the conditional below); note
+that Memoize automatically deals with the fact that our box is vertical. As a
+result of having our memoization driver integrated into the loop of the core
+command, we can create as many externs as necessary, complete with the code in
+the cc-memo for including each and every one of them on subsequent
+compilations. Each extern eventually makes it into its own extern file, and
+note that the filenames of the non-first externs have their sequential number
+(we start counting at $0$) appended to the basename, as shown in the
+example.\cprotect\footnote{The \refmmz{auto} declaration of |\countdown| adds
+ some relevant parameters to the context (see
+ section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing}). The countdown will be recompiled upon
+ change of either the font size (|f@size|), the text height (|\textheight|),
+ or the height of the material in the main vertical list collected so far
+ (|\pagetotal|). The |\pagetotal| parameter is especially important;
+ including it makes sure that the countdown will be recompiled when it is
+ pushed up or down the page. Also note that we want the context to record the
+ value of |\pagetotal| when the (automemoized) |\countdown| is encountered
+ (rather than at the end of memoization), so we expand it when applying the
+ auto-options.}
+
+\tcbinputexample[.sty]{listing only, after title pre={\ (version 1)}}
+
+Of course, the chunks of the countdown should only be externalized when the
+code is actually being memoized, and not, say, when Memoize is disabled or
+performing regular compilation. (Note that this is a problem that only affects
+integrated drivers and not wrapped drivers such as the default driver.) The
+first thought is to detect whether we're undergoing memoization using
+conditional \refcmd{ifmemoizing}, which Memoize sets to true at the start of
+every memoization. This conditional is used in the run conditions of advice
+for \cs{ref} and \cs{label}, the idea being that they should add stuff to the
+context (\cs{ref}) and the cc-memo (\cs{label}) only when undergoing
+memoization. However, deploying \refcmd{ifmemoizing} in the current example
+would not be exactly right. It would work well with the main document as it
+is, but it would fail if |\countdown| was called from a piece of code that was
+independently submitted to memoization, e.g.\
+\refcmd{mmz}|{\countdown{30}}|.\footnote{Such embedding occurs more often than
+ you might think. For example, \env{forest} calls \env{tikzpicture} under the
+ hood, and both environments are automemoized.} In that case, both the
+\refcmd{mmz} driver and the |\countdown| integrated driver would get executed,
+resulting in the creation (and in subsequent compilations, utilization) of four
+externs: first, the |\countdown| driver would externalize each countdown chunk
+separately, and then, the \refcmd{mmz} driver would externalize them, all
+together, yet again. You can try this out by replacing
+\cs{ifmemoizingcountdown} in \cs{countdowntypeset} by \refcmd{ifmemoizing} (and
+wrapping the \cs{countdown} call in \cs{mmz}).
+
+The solution to the \refcmd{ifmemoizing} problem deployed in the example is to
+declare a new, \cs{countdown}-specific memoization conditional, and set it to
+true in \cs{countdown}'s formal driver, i.e.\ the macro set as the
+\refmmz{driver} in the \refmmz{auto} declaration for \cs{countdown}. In fact,
+Memoize can do most of this for you: when we write \refmmzauto{integrated
+ driver}|=countdown|, Memoize creates the countdown-specific memoization
+conditional and declares the formal driver which sets this conditional to true;
+you only have to access this conditional in your code, and you should do this
+using the \hologo{LaTeX}-style conditional \refcmd{IfMemoizing}, as shown
+below.\footnote{You shouldn't directly use the plain \hologo{TeX}
+ countdown-specific conditional created by \refmmzauto{integrated driver} ---
+ to prevent accidental access, Memoize doesn't actually name it
+ \cs{ifmemoizingcountdown} --- because this conditional is undefined when
+ Memoize is not loaded, i.e.\ when only package \refpkg{memoizable} is in
+ effect. Furthermore, \refcmd{IfMemoizing} addresses a problem faced by
+ integrated drivers of potentially recursive commands; we will talk about this
+ in section~\ref{sec:memoization-complex-single-driver}.}
+
+\tcbinputexample[.sty][.c2]{listing only, after title pre={\ (version 2)},
+ attachment name=\examplename-integrated-driver.sty,
+}
+
+
+\subsubsection{Driver-based memoizable design}
+\label{sec:memoization-complex-single-driver}
+
+In the previous section, we used the integrated driver approach to produce
+memos including multiple externs, but the approach can be useful for one-extern
+memos as well, when the extern must be integrated into the document in some
+special way. We already discussed such situations in
+section~\ref{sec:memoizable-design}, where we suggested to split a
+``difficult'' command into the outer command and the inner command, and only
+submit the inner command to automemoization. However, the vanilla flavour of
+this approach had a negative impact on the user interface to automemoization.
+In this section, we will deploy the memoization driver to overcome the issue.
+
+\ExampleName{poormansbox-driver}
+\makeexample{\examplename.sty}
+\makeexample{\examplename.pdf N=2}
+
+Let us revisit the |poormansbox| example from
+section~\ref{sec:memoizable-design}. Remember that that environment produced
+a potentially framed box of a certain width, surrounded by some pre- and
+post-code, and that the issue was that the pre- and the post-code should not be
+memoized, but rather executed at every invocation of the command, as it was
+primarily intended to put some stretchable vertical space around the box.
+
+The document source\attachexample\ and the resulting PDF of the example are the
+same as in section~\ref{sec:memoizable-design}, so we will not repeat them
+here, but jump directly into a revised definition of the environment. We will
+retain the core idea from the original implementation: the outer command will
+execute the pre- and the post-code, and the inner command will typeset the box.
+But unlike in the original implementation, we will not automemoize the inner,
+internal command (this was the source of the author's discomfort) but the outer,
+user-level command --- and we will equip it with a custom memoization driver.
+The major idea here is to have the driver compose a cc-memo which not only
+includes the extern, but also executes the outer command.
+
+\tcbinputexample[.sty]{listing only, float}
+
+In detail, the implementation (partially shown in the |.sty| listing) is as
+follows. The outer command (|\poormansbox@outer|) first applies the options
+(|#1|) and then wraps the pre-code (|\pmb@before|) and the post-code
+(|\pmb@after|) around some arbitrary code (|#2|). During memoization or
+regular compilation, the outer command is invoked through the |poormansbox|
+environment, and you can see that in the definition of that environment, the
+second argument to |\poormansbox@outer| is a call to the inner command
+(|\poormansbox@inner|; this command takes two arguments, the options and the
+environment body). During utilization, the outer command is invoked from the
+cc-memo,\cprotect\footnote{As you can see, in the cc-memo the outer command is invoked
+ by |\csuse{poormansbox@outer}|. A straight |\poormansbox@outer| would not
+ work because we're in the middle of the document where |@| is not a letter,
+ and including a |\makeatletter| in front of it (and in a group) only works if
+ \refmmz{direct ccmemo input} was in effect. Under the default, indirect
+ cc-memo input regime, the core cc-memo is tokenized before |\makeatletter| can
+ take effect.} and as you can see in the cc-memo listing below, the second
+argument to |\poormansbox@outer| there is a call to \refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern}.
+
+\begingroup
+\relaxmmzcommands
+\def\mmzNewCCMemo#1{%
+ \def\mmzNewCCMemo##1{% fetch the second cc-memo filename
+ \def\myccmemo{##1}%
+ \endinput
+ }%
+}
+\input{\examplepath.mmz.c1}
+\sed{%
+ s/~//g;
+ s/\(\cmd{csuse} *{poormansbox@outer}\) *\({\nobrace*\marg\nobrace*}\)\({.*}\rbrace\)/~\1~\2~\3~/;
+ s/\(\marg\marg\marg\)\(\marg\marg\marg\marg\marg\)/\1\space\2/;
+}{\exampledir\myccmemo}
+\tcbinputlisting{
+ listing only, left=1.5mm, right=1mm,
+ listing options app={basicstyle=\tt\small},
+ listing file=\exampledir\myccmemo,
+ example title, title=the second poor man's box's cc-memo,
+}%
+\endgroup
+
+And how does |\poormansbox@outer| get into the cc-memo, which normally only
+includes a call to \refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern}, you ask? This is the job of the
+memoization driver, which is in this case integrated into the inner command.
+The overall shape of the driver is the same as the shape of the standard
+driver, discussed in section~\ref{sec:memoization-driver-default}: typeset the
+extern material into a box, externalize this box, append the extern-inclusion
+code to the cc-memo, and put the extern box into the document. It is the
+cc-memo part which interests us right now: unlike the standard driver, we don't
+simply append the contents of |\mmz@temptoks|, i.e.\ a
+\refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern} call; we rather append a call to
+|\poormansbox@outer|, which gets the \refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern} call as its
+second argument (and the options as its first argument).
+
+The core part of the driver, which externalizes the box and appends to the
+cc-memo, is embedded inside the true branch of conditional
+\refcmd{IfMemoizing}|[1]{pmb}|. We already used this conditional in
+section~\ref{sec:memoization-multiple-externs}, but without the optional
+argument. Such usage will not work here, because it is not recursion-safe.
+Unlike in the \cs{countdown} situation, one |poormansbox| environment can be
+embedded in another one (and, in our example, it is). If we deployed
+\refcmd{IfMemoizing}|{pmb}| in the inner command, the driver would be executed for
+\emph{both} the outer and the inner instance of the environment, whereas it
+should really be executed only for the outer instance.
+
+When used in a recursion-safe way, i.e.\ with the optional argument,
+\refcmd{IfMemoizing} first tests whether the auxiliary command-specific
+conditional from the previous section is true, and then proceeds to compare the
+current group level (\hologo{eTeX}'s \refcmd{currentgrouplevel}) to the group
+level at the start of memoization (which Memoize stored in
+\refcmd{memoizinggrouplevel}). Only if these group levels match do we know
+that we're working on the outer instance of the environment, and that we should
+therefore execute the memoization driver. Importantly, though, the two group
+levels are compared modulo the offset, given as the optional parameter to
+\refcmd{IfMemoizing}: in our example, the offset is 1, because the driver is
+located inside the |poormansbox| environment, which opens a group --- note that
+0 zero (no offset) is not the default optional parameter; the absence of the
+optional parameter indicates that the non-recursion safe method should be
+used.\footnote{Even this approach is not completely bullet-proof. It will only
+ work when the inner instance of the command is guaranteed to occur in an
+ additional group, i.e.\ when our command opens up a group for any free-form
+ code. I will assume that situations which require externalization of a
+ potentially recursive command which, for some reason, cannot open the group
+ before processing a free-form argument, are rare enough to not warrant a
+ generic solution here.}
+
+
+\FloatBarrier
+
+
+\subsubsection{Shipout}
+
+Memoize is a hypocrite: when it is creating extern pages, it uses
+\refcmd{primitive}\refcmd{shipout} to bypass the regular shipout routine of the
+format, but it is offended if anyone else does that.
+
+Memoize bypasses the regular shipout because the extern pages should really not
+be modified or discarded by a foreign package. But using the primitive
+\refcmd{shipout} means that extern shipouts can't be detected by another
+package, at all. To facilitate peaceful coexistence with a potential package
+which needs to know about our extern pages, we offer public counter
+\refcmd{mmzExternPages} holding the number of externs shipped out so far. And
+if anyone really needs to \emph{do} something at every extern shipout, they can
+always (ab)use \refmmz[show keypath]{record/record type/new extern} as a
+post-extern-shipout hook.
+
+The other side of the story is about Memoize needing to know the ``physical''
+page numbers of its externs in the document PDF --- how else are we to extract
+them? Memoize computes these page numbers by adding the values of several
+counters: \refcmd{mmzRegularPages}, which holds the number of regular shipouts;
+the above-mentioned \refcmd{mmzExternPages}, which holds the number of extern
+shipouts; and \refcmd{mmzExtraPages}, which holds the number of other shipouts.
+The latter counter should be advanced by a package which, like Memoize,
+bypasses the regular shipout routine.
+
+\hologo{LaTeX} and \hologo{ConTeXt} kindly provide the number of regular
+shipouts as publicly a accessible counter, so we define
+\refcmd{mmzRegularPages} as synonymous with their
+\refcmd{ReadonlyShipoutCounter} and \refcmd{realpageno}. In \hologo{plainTeX}, we
+have to hijack the \refcmd{shipout} control sequence and count regular shipouts
+ourselves; as we have to hijack it while it still refers to the
+\refcmd{shipout} primitive, this format provides another reason for preferring
+Memoize to be loaded early.
+
+
+\subsection{Automemoization}
+\label{sec:tut:automemoization-details}
+
+Automemoization is a mechanism that automatically memoizes the result of the
+compilation of certain commands and environments. Writing Memoize, I went to
+great lengths to make it flexible, yet easy to use. This resulted in
+automemoization deploying two specifically developed auxiliary packages:
+package Advice, which provides a generic framework for extending the
+functionality of selected commands and environments, and package CollArgs,
+which provides a command for collection of the arguments conforming to the
+given (slightly extended) \pkg{xparse} argument specification.
+
+This section lists the considerations which went into designing the system,
+followed by short tutorials on both auxiliary packages, which include several
+examples of how Memoize uses the underlying advising framework.
+
+\paragraph{(De)activation}
+Ideally, all commands and environments where memoization makes sense would
+support Memoize (or Memoize would support them) and nothing would ever go
+wrong. In this dream world, memoization would be completely transparent to the
+author. However, things will go wrong, so at the very least, we need to
+offer the author a \emph{simple} way to \emph{selectively} switch automemoization
+on and off. This is achieved by keys \refmmz{activate} and
+\refmmz{deactivate}.
+
+\paragraph{Submission}
+Of course, there will be commands without official support by either Memoize or
+the package which defines them; clearly, at the moment when I write this, all
+commands but \cs{tikz}, \env{tikzpicture} and \env{forest} are such. Or, the
+author might want to automemoize his or her own command. Ideally, submitting a
+new command to automemoization would be as simple as
+|memoize=|{\meta{command}}, and for environments, this is in fact achievable,
+although the actual interface is
+\refmmz{auto}|=|\braces{\meta{environment}}\braces{\refmmzauto{memoize}}. But
+simply submitting the name cannot work for commands, because commands are where
+we encounter the major \hologo{TeX}nical problem with automemoization: we need
+to somehow collect the arguments of the command --- without executing the
+command itself.
+
+\paragraph{Argument collection using CollArgs}
+\hologo{TeX} being \hologo{TeX}, automatically determining the scope of a
+command in general is just plain impossible. Note that inspecting the
+|\meaning| is not enough in general, because the ``real'' and the formal
+arguments of a command can, and quite often do, differ wildly. The author (or the
+package writer) will need to tell Memoize about the argument structure of the
+command. And as there is already a nice and general argument specification on
+the market --- I'm obviously referring to the argument specification of package
+\pkg{xparse}, which was recently even integrated into the core \hologo{LaTeX}
+--- why not use that? Memoize comes with an auxiliary package CollArgs, which
+(given the slightly extended \pkg{xparse}-style argument specification)
+collects the arguments of a command into a single entity. All the user needs
+to write to enable automemoization for a command is thus
+\refmmz{auto}|=|\meta{command}\braces{\refmmzauto{memoize},
+ \refmmzauto{args}|=|\braces{\meta{argument specification}}}. Even simpler,
+when it comes to commands defined by \pkg{xparse}'s \refcmd{NewDocumentCommand}
+or friends, writing \refmmz{auto}|=|\meta{command}\braces{\refmmzauto{memoize}}
+will suffice, as the argument specification of these commands can be retrieved
+by \refcmd{GetDocumentCommandArgSpec}.
+
+\paragraph{Weird commands}
+Not every argument structure can be described using \pkg{xparse}'s argument
+specification, a case in point being \refcmd{tikz} with its totally
+idiosyncratic syntax --- and if Memoize won't support \cs{tikz}, why have it at
+all? The interface to automemoization must be flexible enough to cover even
+the craziest commands, and this is why Memoize allows for arbitrary argument
+collectors. These are defined by the advanced user or package writer and then
+declared to be used for parsing the argument structure of a command by writing
+\code{\refmmz{auto}=\marg{command}\bracestt{...,\refmmzauto{collector}=\meta{argument
+ collector}}}.
+
+\paragraph{Over and above automemoization: handlers}
+The framework facilitating automemoization must cover more than just that. For
+one, it sometimes makes sense to automatically \emph{prevent} memoization
+during the execution of certain commands (as in the \refmmzauto{nomemoize}
+example in section~\ref{sec:tut:redefinitions}). It follows that the action
+performed to an invocation of a command should not be fixed. In the advising
+framework, implemented by the auxiliary package Advice, we assign each
+advised command a handler --- a command which does the real work of
+memoizing or whatever. Crucially, the handler and the collector are
+independent of each other, allowing a single memoization handler to handle
+commands with both standard and non-standard argument structure, and allowing a
+single collector to serve either the memoization or the no-memoization handler.
+
+\paragraph{Over and above automemoization: the outer and the inner handler}
+Second, unlike the memoization handler set by \refmmzauto{memoize}, not all
+handlers work with the entire argument list of the advised command. Some
+handlers don't care about the arguments of the advised command at all:
+\refmmzauto{abort} simply aborts memoization whenever the advised command is
+executed. Other handlers are only intended to advise a single command or a
+small family of commands, and need to inspect specific arguments of the advised
+command: for example, \refmmzauto{ref} needs to append the internal
+cross-reference macro to the context, and it of course constructs the name of
+this macro from the reference key. For all such handlers, it would be plain
+wasteful to first collect the arguments and then tear them apart to inspect
+them (or not). The advising framework therefore recognizes two kinds of
+handlers. The abortion and the cross-reference handler are examples of an
+\emph{outer} handler, which is simply placed in front of the arguments of the
+handled command as they are, without invoking the collector. The memoization
+handler, on the other hand, is an example of an \emph{inner} handler, which
+receives the entire argument list from the collector (as a single argument) ---
+or more precisely, even \refmmzauto{memoize} sets up an outer handler, but this
+outer handler doesn't do much more than invoke the collector, which in turn
+invokes the inner handler.
+
+\paragraph*{Run conditions} are another, if minor, lego piece of the
+advising framework. Using key \refmmzauto{run conditions}, the user can set the
+conditions under which the (outer) handler is executed; for example,
+cross-reference commands are only advised when memoization is underway. And
+the same goes for \refcmd{label}, and for the \refmmzauto{replicate}d
+\refcmd{index}, and for \refcmd{savepos}, upon which memoization must be
+aborted. The bottom-line is that run conditions repeat across handlers, so
+it makes sense to separate them out as an independent component of the
+framework, with the added bonus that the system can make sure that an
+invocation of a advised command which does not satisfy the run conditions
+will incur as litte overhead as possible.
+
+\paragraph{Bailout handler}
+An automemoized command applies the next-options (set by \refcmd{mmznext}), but
+what happens when the run conditions are not satisfied? If nothing happened,
+the existing next-options might apply to the next instance of
+(auto)memoization, which would not be what the author intended. This is why
+Advice introduces the bailout handler, a piece of code executed before the
+original command when the run conditions are not met. Obviously, the bailout
+handler for memoization clears out the next-options (and does not process
+them).
+
+\paragraph{The structure of advice}
+Together, the components mentioned above form a piece of \emph{advice}:
+
+\begin{center}
+ \begin{forest}
+ /tikz/edge node/.style={midway, font=\scriptsize, yshift=0.5ex},
+ for tree={l sep=5ex, % manual, to avoid a page break
+ child anchor=north, s sep+=2em},
+ [activated?
+ [\refmmzauto{run conditions}?,
+ edge=dashed, edge label={node[edge node, left]{yes}}
+ [\refmmzauto{outer handler}\meta{args},
+ edge=->, edge label={node[edge node, left]{yes}},
+ [default:,
+ edge=dashed,
+ [\refmmzauto{collector}\meta{args}, edge=->,
+ [\refmmzauto{inner handler}
+ \textcolor{red}{\bracestt{\textcolor{black}{\meta{args}}}},
+ edge=->
+ ]
+ ]
+ ]
+ [other:\\whatever\rlap\footnotemark,
+ align=center, edge=dashed]
+ ]
+ [\refmmzauto{bailout handler},
+ edge=->, edge label={node[edge node, right]{no}},
+ [\meta{original command}\meta{args}, edge=->]
+ ]
+ ]
+ [\meta{original command}\meta{args},
+ edge=dashed, edge label={node[edge node, right]{no}},
+ ]
+ ]
+ \end{forest}%
+ \footnotetext{The handler may do whatever as long as it consumes all and
+ only the arguments of the original command.}
+\end{center}
+
+
+
+\paragraph{Deferred activation}
+Memoize needs to be loaded early, but activation should take place late, so
+that it can surely override the submitted commands; a case in point,
+\pkg{hyperref} redefines \refcmd{ref} very late. To address the issue, the
+advising framework implements the deferred \refmmz{activation} regime, under
+which (de)activation commands are not executed but collected in a special
+style, \refmmz{activate deferred}. Memoize deploys the deferred activation
+regime throughout the preamble, and executes \refmmz{activate deferred} at the
+latest possible \docref{hook:begindocument} hook; as a bonus, it also offers
+the author a way to avoid automatic activation completely by invoking key
+\refmmz{manual}.
+
+
+\paragraph{Install anywhere}
+Once all this machinery is developed, why not offer it to others as well?
+
+Once I decided to offer Advice (at the time, still called Auto) as a standalone
+package (and I freely admit that the framework got much cleaner once I
+separated its code out of Memoize) it became immediately clear that if it is
+to serve as a generic framework, it should be possible for multiple packages to
+use it without interfering with each other. The package thus allows any number
+of installations into different namespaces, each namespace a \pkg{pgfkeys}
+keypath. The installation is a breeze:
+\cs{pgfkeys}\bracestt{\meta{namespace}/\refkey{/handlers/.install advice}}.
+
+
+\subsubsection{Using package Advice}
+\label{sec:advice}
+
+In this section, we will provide some examples of handler declarations, mainly
+based on how Memoize deploys the advising framework.
+
+\paragraph{\refmmzauto[show keypath]{memoize}}
+
+In section~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization}, the author was instructed to submit a
+command to automemoization by writing
+\code{\refmmz{auto}=\meta{command}\bracestt{\refmmzauto{memoize},...}}. The
+auto-key \refmmzauto{memoize} is a style (defined by Memoize rather than
+Advice) which sets the appropriate components of the automemoization advice.
+Residing in keypath \refkeypath{/mmz/auto}, it is effectively defined as
+follows:
+
+\begin{tcblisting}{listing only}
+\mmzset{
+ auto/memoize/.style={
+ run if memoization is possible,
+ bailout handler=\mmz@auto@bailout,
+ outer handler=\mmz@auto@outer,
+ inner handler=\mmz@auto@memoize
+ }
+}
+\end{tcblisting}
+
+The heart of this advice is its inner handler, which actually triggers
+memoization by executing \refcmd{Memoize}. Remember that the first argument of
+\refcmd{Memoize} is the code which the md5sum is computed off of. This
+argument must therefore be identical to the author's invocation of the
+automemoized command or environment. Given what Advice offers, this is easy to
+construct: \refcmd{AdviceReplaced} holds the code replaced by the advice, and
+the \meta{arguments} of the automemoized command are waiting for us in |#1|.
+The second argument of \refcmd{Memoize} will be similar, but as this is the
+code which will get compiled, we have to execute the original definition of the
+command, followed by the (unbraced!) \meta{arguments} as |#1|; this is a job
+for \refcmd{AdviceOriginal}. (Note that \emph{executing}
+\refcmd{AdviceReplaced} would run the auto-handler again, resulting in an
+infinite loop! Or at least a pile of errors.)
+
+However, the overly simplistic approach shown below won't necessarily work.
+The issue is that the arguments of \refcmd{Memoize} contain
+\refcmd{AdviceReplaced} and \refcmd{AdviceOriginal} themselves, instead of their
+contents, i.e.\ (first) expansions.
+
+\begin{tcblisting}{listing only, bad}
+\long\def\mmz@auto@memoize#1{%
+ \Memoize{\AdviceReplaced#1}{\AdviceOriginal#1}%
+}
+\end{tcblisting}
+
+Regarding the first argument, the problem is that the code md5sum will be
+computed off of the token list \refcmd{AdviceReplaced}\meta{arguments} ---
+exactly as you see it.\footnote{If you inspected a c-memo, you would find
+ \refcmd{AdviceReplaced}\meta{arguments} in the \refcmd{mmzSource} section.}
+This implies that two commands sharing exactly the same \meta{arguments} will
+receive the same (c-)memo. For example, if you automemoized first
+|\textit{foo}| and then |\textbf{foo}|, both would come out as a bold ``foo''
+upon utilization.
+
+The second argument illustrates a general issue about the lifespan of
+\refcmd{AdviceOriginal} and other |\Advice...| commands.\footnote{The list of
+ all commands available only within the handler can be found in the
+ documentation of key \refmmzauto{outer handler} in
+ section~\ref{sec:ref:advice}.} By executing \refcmd{Memoize}, we leave the
+advice and thereby cannot be sure that when expanded, \refcmd{AdviceOriginal}
+will mean what it means at the moment. In general, another piece of advice might be
+triggered until its expansion, or the group might be closed, etc. For example,
+the author may have issued \refcmd{mmznext}\bracestt{\refmmz{at begin
+ memoization}=\cs{label}\marg{key}}, and as the pre-memoization code is
+executed before the memoization driver, the \cs{label}, which is submitted to
+Advice so that any \cs{label}s inside the memoized code ``just work'', would
+execute another piece of advice, redefining \refcmd{AdviceOriginal} and friends.
+Effectively, you'd end up memoizing an invocation of the \cs{label} command.
+
+The bottom line is that while the code following the above template
+\emph{might} sometimes work, Advice offers no guarantees that it will, so I
+advise against using it. The actual definition of the memoization inner
+handler is shown below. In this definition, we expand \refcmd{AdviceReplaced}
+and \refcmd{AdviceOriginal} --- exactly once! --- into the respective arguments
+of \refcmd{Memoize}; of course, as the entire invocation of \refcmd{Memoize} is
+expanded, we have to guard against expanding the collected arguments (|#1|) and
+\refcmd{Memoize} itself.\footnote{As the final touch, the handler also contains
+ \refcmd{ignorespaces} after the invocation of \refcmd{Memoize}, if this was
+ requested using \refmmz{ignore spaces}. Note that this could not be done
+ without pre-expanding the \cs{ifmmz@ignorespaces} conditional, as
+ \refcmd{Memoize} closes the group in which the auto- and the next-options are
+ applied.} The result of the expansion is shown under the code: the first and
+the second line assume we are automemoizing command |\foo| and environment
+|bar|, respectively. Note that \refcmd{AdviceOriginal} expands into an
+invocation of \refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal}, a command which may be safely used
+outside the advice; the first argument of this command is the auto-namespace
+(in our case, \refkeypath{/mmz}), and the second argument is the advised
+command. For a \hologo{LaTeX} environment, the advised command is actually
+\refcmd{begin}, and this is why the call of \refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal} is of
+course followed by the environment name.
+
+\makeexcerpt{_auto-memoize-inner}
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{%
+ listing and comment, one file, no attachment,
+ title={The implementation of the \refmmzauto{inner handler}
+ for automemoization},
+ comment={%
+ $\rightarrow$ \refcmd{Memoize}\braces{\cs{foo}\Arg1}%
+ \braces{\refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal}\bracestt{/mmz}\bracestt{\cs{foo}}\Arg1}\\
+ $\rightarrow$ \refcmd{Memoize}\braces{\cs{begin}\bracestt{bar}\Arg1}%
+ \braces{\refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal}%
+ \bracestt{/mmz}\bracestt{\cs{begin}}\bracestt{bar}\Arg1}
+ }
+}
+
+Let us now move backwards in time and look at the outer handler installed by
+\refmmzauto{memoize}. It is very simple, but performs an important function of
+applying the auto- and the next-options (in this order), which also
+necessitates opening a group (closed by \refcmd{Memoize}). The final line
+invokes the argument collector, which then calls the inner handler; remember
+that the invocation of \refcmd{AdviceCollector} is the sole function of the
+default outer handler.
+
+\makeexcerpt{_auto-memoize-outer}
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{%
+ listing only, one file, no attachment,
+ title={The implementation of the \refmmzauto{outer handler}
+ for automemoization},
+}
+
+Moving even further back in time, we arrive at the run conditions. The
+\refmmzauto{memoize} style invokes \refmmzauto{run if memoization is possible},
+defined as \code{run conditions=\cs{mmz@auto@rc@if@memoization@possible}}, with
+the installed macro as shown below. Indeed, memoization only makes when
+Memoize is \refmmz{enable}d (which we test using \refcmd{ifmemoize}), but we're
+not already ``inside \refcmd{Memoize}'' (which we test using
+\refcmd{ifinmemoize}). The latter condition is true when we're either
+memoizing or regularly compiling some code submitted to memoization (see the
+diagram in section~\ref{sec:Memoize}). Note that it is not necessary to invoke
+\refcmd{AdviceRunfalse} in branches where the run conditions are not satisfied.
+
+\makeexcerpt{_auto-run-if-memoization-is-possible}
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{%
+ listing only, one file, no attachment,
+ title={The implementation of
+ \refmmzauto{run if memoization is possible}},
+}
+
+While it is clear that double memoization is a no-no, why should we avoid
+memoizing inside a regular compilation? Imagine that Memoize decides not to
+memoize a Forest tree, perhaps because \refmmz{readonly} is in effect. Under
+the hood, Forest creates many \env{tikzpicture}s. Should all of them be
+(auto)memoized now? Certainly not.
+
+Finally, what happens when the run conditions are not met? Not much, but
+something important nevertheless: by consuming the next-options, the
+\refmmzauto{bailout handler} makes sure they will not erroneously apply to the
+next instance of (auto)memoization.
+
+\makeexcerpt{_auto-memoize-bailout}
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{%
+ listing only, one file, no attachment,
+ title={The implementation of the \refmmzauto{bailout handler}
+ for automemoization},
+}
+
+The only component of the automemoization advice not determined by style
+\refmmzauto{memoize} is the argument collector, which allows the user to submit
+a command with a weird argument structure to automemoization simply by setting
+key \refmmzauto{collector} in addition to executing \refmmzauto{memoize}. For
+example, Memoize submits \refcmd{tikz} to automemoization by loading
+\reffile{advice-tikz.code.tex}, which contains Advice's definition of the
+\cs{tikz} collector \refcmd{AdviceCollectTikZArguments}, and issuing the
+following declaration.
+
+\makeexcerpt{_auto-tikz-collector}
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{%
+ listing only, one file, no attachment,
+ title={Declaring automemoization of command \cs{tikz}},
+}
+
+\paragraph{\refmmzauto[show keypath]{ref}}
+
+The cross-reference advice presents an example of an outer handler radically
+different from the default outer handler. This outer handler does not invoke
+the collector at all. As shown below, it grabs the argument of \refcmd{ref} (or
+whichever cross-referencing command) on its own --- remember that the outer
+handler receives the arguments of the handled command ``as they are,'' i.e.\
+uncollected. It then asks \refcmd{mmzNoRef} to do the real job of getting the
+reference key into the context, and finally executes the original \cs{ref}.
+
+\ExampleName{_auto-ref}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\tcbinputexample{%
+ listing only, no attachment,
+ title={\hypercolor{link}{white}A simplified\footnotemark{} definition
+ of \refmmzauto{ref}},
+ % This only works if there is a single footnote in the memoized code.
+ /mmz/context/.expanded={footnote=\numexpr\thefootnote-1},
+}\footnotetext{The real outer handler allows for arbitrary optional arguments of
+ the cross-referencing command, and shares code with \refmmzauto{force
+ ref}.}
+
+The run conditions of this style are agonizingly simple: \refmmzauto{run if
+ memoizing} sets \refmmzauto{run conditions} to a macro defined as
+\refcmd{ifmemoizing}\hyp\refcmd{AdviceRuntrue}\hyp\cs{fi}.
+
+\paragraph{\refmmzauto[show keypath]{abort}}
+
+The advice for aborting memoization is very simple --- it merely executes
+\refcmd{mmzAbort} --- but also very sneaky. Here, the \refmmzauto{run
+ conditions} do the real work of aborting memoization, while the ``real,''
+i.e.\ outer handler, never even gets executed; note the absence of
+\refcmd{AdviceRuntrue}, which implies \refcmd{AdviceRunfalse}, which triggers
+the execution of the original command after the run conditions are ``checked.''
+
+\makeexcerpt{_auto-abort}
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{%
+ listing only, one file, no attachment,
+ title={The definition of \refmmzauto{abort}},
+}
+
+The point here is that executing \refcmd{mmzAbort} (itself a single-liner
+setting an internal conditional) is cheaper than testing for the real run
+conditions (\refmmzauto{run if memoizing}) and aborting only if they are
+satisfied. Of course, the trick only works because (i) the advice doesn't
+need to inspect any arguments of advised command, and because (ii) setting the
+internal abortion conditional outside memoization does no damage.
+
+\paragraph{Advice in chains}
+
+A command may be submitted to several instances of the advising framework,
+i.e.\ instances installed under different keypaths. In the example below, we
+submit |\foo| both to the instance of Advice installed in keypath |/one| and to
+the one installed in keypath |/two|. Under |/one|, the result of |\foo{...}|
+will be boxed (|\fboxWrap|); under |/two|, in will be parenthesized
+(|\parenWrap|). The order in which this happens depends on the order in which
+|\foo| was activated under different keypaths. If we first activate it under
+|/one| with the boxing effect and then under two with the parenthesizing
+effect, the box will appear within parenthesis; if we reverse the activation
+order, the parenthesis will appear inside the box.
+
+\ExampleName{chained-advice}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1 N=2}
+\tcbinputexample{comment=\input{\examplepath.tex.c2}}
+
+First of all, looking at the code above, you have probably noticed the absence
+of key \refmmz{auto}. This is because by default, \refkey{/handlers/.install
+ advice} defines the \emph{setup key} to be |advice| --- Memoize overrides
+this default by installing the framework with \refkey{/handlers/.install
+ advice}|=|\bracestt{\refkey{/advice/install/setup key}=auto, ...}.
+
+Next, |advice'| is a variant of |advice| which prevents automatic activation
+upon setup (and the same holds for |auto'| vs.\ |auto| in Memoize). We have
+used the bar variant above to make it clear that it is the order of activation,
+rather than declaration by |advice|\slash \refmmz{auto}, which matters in
+determining which handler is applied first.
+
+Finally, note that the deactivation order must be the reverse of the activation
+order. So if we activate |\foo| first in |/one| and then in |/two|, we should
+deactivate it in |/two| first and in |/one| next, otherwise Advice will
+complain.
+
+
+\paragraph{A simple collector}
+
+Let us implement a collector for a command which accepts one (standard
+\hologo{LaTeX}) optional argument and one mandatory argument; in \pkg{xparse}
+terms, a command with argument specification |om|.
+
+Using \cs{NewDocumentCommand}, such a collector is very easy to implement. We
+simply define a command with signature |om| and distinguish two possibilities
+regarding the presence of the optional argument, which we test using
+\cs{IfValueTF}. If the true branch, we pass a \emph{braced} |[#1]{#2}| to the
+inner handler, which we invoke by \refcmd{AdviceInnerHandler}; in the false
+branch, we omit the optional argument, passing it an (additionally) braced
+|{#2}|.
+
+\ExampleName{om-collector-NewDocumentCommand}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\tcbinputexample{listing only}
+
+Defining a functionally equivalent collector using \cs{newcommand} would be a
+bit more involved, as \hologo{LaTeX2e} does not offer a standardized way to
+test for the \emph{presence} of the optional argument. Consider the following
+collector, whose optional argument has the same default value as the advised
+command. Is it functionally equivalent to the one above?
+
+\ExampleName{om-collector-newcommand}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\tcbinputexample{listing only}
+
+While there will be no visual difference, there is a difference under the hood.
+If you compile both documents, you will see that the first one creates three
+memos\slash externs, while the second one only creates two: |\foo{...}| does
+not have its own memo anymore, but creates and uses the same memo as
+|\foo[green]{...}|.
+
+While the second version might sometimes be preferred, perhaps even in the
+context of memoization, the initial collector, which deploys command
+\refcmd{CollectArguments}, behaves like the \cs{NewDocumentCommand}-defined
+collector above,\footnote{In fact, there is a slight difference after all.
+ While the above-defined collector won't distinguish between the single-token
+ mandatory argument given with or without braces, \refcmd{CollectArguments}
+ will again faithfully replicate the original argument tokens.} as it attempts
+to perfectly replicate the command invocation. Furthermore, this behaviour
+makes it unnecessary for the author to provide the default values of optional
+arguments (and even allows them to replace |O{default}| in the argument
+specification by \docref{xparse:o}).
+
+We now turn to the package CollArgs, which implements the actual argument
+collection; we'll revisit the initial collector of Advice at the end of the
+following subsection.
+
+
+
+\subsubsection{Using package CollArgs}
+\label{sec:collargs}
+
+Automemoization is implemented on top of the framework offered by package
+Advice, and that package in turn couldn't really work as intended without
+package CollArgs. A regular user of Memoize shouldn't need to know anything
+about CollArgs, but a package writer wanting to support Memoize might have to.
+
+The package provides two public commands, \refcmd{CollectArguments} and
+\refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw}; we'll focus on the former first.
+\refcmd{CollectArguments} takes three arguments: optional \meta{options} in the
+form of a \pkg{pgfkeys} keylist; a mandatory \meta{argument specification} in a
+(slightly extended) \pkg{xparse} format; and the \meta{next-code}:
+\begin{center}
+ \refcmd{CollectArguments}\oarg{options}\marg{argument specification}\marg{next-code}%
+ \textcolor{gray}{\meta{tokens}}
+\end{center}
+Following the three formal arguments of \refcmd{CollectArguments} are some
+\meta{tokens} --- the rest of the document, really --- and the job of
+\refcmd{CollectArguments} is to figure out the extent to which these
+\meta{tokens} conform to the given \meta{argument specification}. In other
+words, \refcmd{CollectArguments} will consume as many of the \meta{tokens} as a
+\meta{command} defined by \refcmd{NewDocumentCommand}\meta{command}\marg{argument
+ specification}\bracestt{...} would. Once these \meta{argument tokens} are
+collected, \refcmd{CollectArguments} executes the \meta{next-code} with the
+\meta{argument tokens} given as a single, braced argument (clearly, the
+\meta{rest} of the \meta{tokens}, i.e.\ the non-consumed tokens, will follow):
+\begin{center}
+ \meta{next-code}\marg{argument tokens}\textcolor{gray}{\meta{rest}}
+\end{center}
+
+In the example below, we define macro |\PrintAndDo|, which takes two arguments,
+a command and the collected arguments of that command, prints out which command
+we're about to execute and with what arguments, and then executes that command
+with those arguments --- |#1#2| at the end of the definition. Note that |#2|
+immediately following |#1| is not braced, so
+|\PrintAndDo\makebox{[5em][r]{text}}| executes |\makebox[5em][r]{text}|.
+
+{\tolerance 1000 Executing |\PrintAndDo\makebox{[5em][r]{text}}| directly would
+ thus yield the first line of the result below --- and in fact, this is
+ precisely what gets executed to yield that line, but in a roundabout fashion.
+ Given the argument specification |oom| (two optional arguments followed by a
+ mandatory argument), \refcmd{CollectArguments} figures out how many tokens
+ following its formal arguments conform to this argument specification ---
+ below, these would be |[5em][r]{text}| following
+ \refcmd{CollectArguments}\hyp|{oom}{\PrintAndDo\makebox}|--- and puts them,
+ braced, behind its \meta{next-code} argument, |\PrintAndDo\makebox|, yielding
+ |\PrintAndDo|\hyp|\makebox{[5em][r]{text}}|.\par}
+
+\ExampleName{collargs-makebox}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\tcbinputexample{listing and compile}
+
+Seeing the arguments of |\makebox| without the immediately preceding |\makebox|
+might seem strange, but remember that \refcmd{CollectArguments} is about the
+arguments of a command, not about the command's control sequence. It doesn't
+know or care which command the argument tokens ``belong'' to, as long as they
+conform to the given specification. In the example above, it is only in |#1#2|
+of |\PrintAndDo| that |\makebox| is ``reunited'' with its arguments, but note
+that the reunion is far from obligatory.
+
+CollArgs supports all the argument types (and modifiers) that \pkg{xparse}
+does, including the environment type \docref{xparse:b}, as exemplified below.
+Again, the code below might seem strange, as it features an |\end{minipage}|
+without the matching |\begin{minipage}|, but the logic is similar as for
+ commands: just as \refcmd{CollectArguments} occurs in front of the command
+ arguments, without the command itself, so it occurs in front of the
+ environment body, without the opening of that body. However, while
+ \refcmd{CollectArguments} never needs to know the command name, we need to
+ inform it of the environment name, so that it can find the end of the
+ environment. This can be achieved as shown below, using key
+ \refcollargs{environment} in the optional argument of the command, or by our
+ extension to the \pkg{xparse} argument specification, where the environment
+ argument type \docref{xparse:b} may be followed by a braced environment name.
+ In the example below, we could therefore also invoke argument collection by
+ \refcmd{CollectArguments}\braces
+ {\docref{xparse:+}\docref{xparse:b}\braces{\env{minipage}}} (we have preceded
+ \docref{xparse:b} with a \docref{xparse:+} to allow for an environment body
+ containing paragraph tokens).\footnote{CollArgs automatically adapts to the
+ format, i.e.\ it knows that environments are tagged by \cs{}\meta{name} and
+ \cs{end}\meta{name} in \hologo{plainTeX} and by \cs{start}\meta{name} and
+ \cs{stop}\meta{name} in \hologo{ConTeXt}.}
+
+\ExampleName{collargs-minipage}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\tcbinputexample{comment=\input{\examplepath.tex.c1}}
+
+You might wonder why didn't we provide \refcmd{CollectArguments} in the
+previous example with argument specification |omb| --- after all, the
+\env{minipage} environment takes an optional and a mandatory argument. While that
+would work, and produce the same result,\footnote{Unless argument processing
+ was in effect; see section~\ref{sec:ref:collargs} for details.} note that
+\refcmd{CollectArguments} is only interested in finding the scope of the
+arguments, and grabbing everything until |\end{minipage}| is the same as first
+grabbing the optional argument, maybe, then the mandatory argument, and finally
+the argument body.
+
+\refcmd{CollectArguments} not only supports \pkg{xparse}'s verbatim argument
+type \docref{xparse:v}, it can grab an argument of \emph{any} type in the
+verbatim mode, triggered by option \refcollargs{verbatim}.\footnote{We refer to
+ the verbatim mode triggered by \refcollargs{verbatim} as the full verbatim
+ mode, where all characters are of category ``other''. There is also the
+ partial verbatim mode, triggered by \refcollargs{verb}, where braces retain
+ their normal category codes.} We illustrate this key below, where we also use
+option \refcollargs{tags}, which makes CollArgs automatically surround the
+grabbed environment body with the begin tag \refcmd{begin}\marg{environment
+ name} and the end tag \cs{end}\marg{environment name}, and use
+\refcmd{scantokens} to execute the grabbed environment. Consult
+section~\ref{sec:ref:collargs} for the full reference on the verbatim mode and
+its limitations.
+
+% A harmless warning:
+% Missing character: There is no ^M (U+000D) in font [lmmono10-regular]:!
+% because \texttt in the example is fed a (verbatim) carriage return
+\ExampleName{collargs-verbatim}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\tcbinputexample{listing and compile}
+
+Finally, CollArgs extends the \pkg{xparse} specification by modifier
+\docref{xparse:amp}, which allows the user to specify options which apply only
+to the following argument, as opposed to the options given as the optional
+argument of \refcmd{CollectArguments}, which apply to all the arguments. A
+third way to invoke the environment body collection in the above example is
+thus \refcmd{CollectArguments}%
+\bracestt{\docref{xparse:amp}\bracestt{\refcollargs{environment}=minipage}+b}.
+
+Both the single-argument and the common options can be given not only as
+\pkg{pgfkeys} keys, but also in the raw, ``programmer's interface'' format.
+Every option key has a corresponding macro; for example, key
+\refcollargs{environment} is matched by macro \refcmd{collargsEnvironment}.
+The macros are listed alongside their corresponding keys in the reference
+section~\ref{sec:ref:collargs}; here, we merely learn how to use them.
+
+To use raw options for a single argument, double the ampersand in the argument
+specification. Therefore, the fourth way to specify the environment name is
+\code{\docref{xparse:amp}\docref{xparse:amp}\bracestt{%
+ \refcmd{collargsEnvironment}\bracestt{minipage}}\docref{xparse:+}\docref{xparse:b}}.
+
+To set the raw options for all arguments, use \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw}, the
+second public command of the package. This command is exactly like
+\refcmd{CollectArguments}, excepts that it expects the options in the raw
+format and as a \emph{mandatory} argument:
+
+\begin{center}
+ \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw}\marg{raw options}\marg{argument specification}%
+ \marg{next-code}\textcolor{gray}{\meta{tokens}}
+\end{center}
+
+This leads us to the fifth way to set the environment name (an overkill, I
+know): \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw}\hyp
+\bracestt{\refcmd{collargsEnvironment}\bracestt{minipage}}\bracestt{+b}\marg{next-code}.
+Furthermore, you can use a mixture of raw and key--value options: the raw
+option commands include \refcmd{collargsSet}, which applies the given option
+keylist. The idea here (incarnated by both Auto and Memoize) is that the
+package will provide CollArgs with the raw options, for speed, while the
+author can supplement them in the friendly keylist format --- and this leads
+us to the sixth, and thankfully final way to set the environment name:
+\refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw}\bracestt{\refcmd{collargsSet}%
+ \bracestt{\refcollargs{environment}=minipage}}\bracestt{+b}\marg{next-code}.
+
+
+\paragraph{The initial collector}
+
+As the final example, let us study Advice's initial collector; this is a macro
+which is used as the collector when key \refmmzauto{collector} is not given.
+This macro is not really \refcmd{CollectArguments}, as we sometimes state to
+simplify matters, but a macro which acts as the ``bridge'' between Advice and
+CollArgs, by compiling an invocation of \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw} from the
+given advice setup, and executing it.
+
+The bridge macro is shown below in its full glory, but it is really less
+complicated than it might appear at first sight. In line~2, we use
+\refcmd{AdviceIfArgs} to see whether the argument structure of the handled
+command was given by the user. If it wasn't, we assume that the handled
+command was defined using \cs{NewDocumentCommand} or similar, and use
+\refcmd{GetDocumentCommandArgSpec} to retrieve it (line~3; note that
+\refcmd{AdviceName} holds the handled control sequence) and store it into
+\refcmd{AdviceArgs} (line~4), which also receives the argument specification
+when given by the user via key \refmmzauto{args}.
+
+\makeexcerpt{_advice-CollectArgumentsRaw}(../../advice.edtx)
+\tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{%
+ listing only, one file, no attachment,
+ listing options app={numbers=left, numberstyle=\tiny, numbersep=0.5em},
+ title={The definition of the initial collector},
+}
+
+Lines~6--17 are somewhat of an expansion mess, because we have to construct the
+invocation of the CollArgs' collector from the advice setup stored in various
+macros. But once we think away all the (non-)expansion commands, we're left
+with \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw} plus the following three arguments:
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item The raw options (lines 8--11):
+ \begin{enumerate}
+ \item In line 8, the advised command's control sequence is designated as the
+ \refcollargs{caller}. The effect is that if the given arguments don't
+ conform to the specification, the error thrown seems to come from the
+ advised command rather than some internal CollArgs macro. The author will
+ be grateful for this little detail.
+ \item In line 9, we add any \refmmzauto{raw collector options} set by Advice
+ (plus the package deploying Advice, like Memoize); user-given options are of
+ course possible, but not really expected here, because:
+ \item In lines 10--11, we add the user-given \refmmzauto{collector options},
+ if there are any, embedded under \refcmd{collargsSet}.
+ \end{enumerate}
+\item The argument specification (line 14).
+\item The \refmmzauto{inner handler} (line 15).
+\end{enumerate}
+
+
+
+\section{Reference}
+\label{sec:reference}
+
+In this section, the extra information about keys, offered at the right of a
+key in parenthesis, may contain the initial value of a key, and also a default
+value of a key. In this context, the terms ``initial'' and ``default'' have
+the meaning employed by the \pkg{pgfkeys} utility. Initial value refers to the
+value that is set by the package. More often, we would call this the default
+or the package-default value, but in the \pkg{pgfkeys} parlance, the default value
+refers to the value that is passed to the key in the absence of the argument.
+Honestly, I only kept to this convention in the reference section; elsewhere,
+I often say ``default'' or ``package-default'' and mean the initial value.
+
+Another convention I kept to in this section is the color-coding of the keys
+and commands. Green background indicates a basic key or command, which any
+user might want to know about. Red background indicates other, more or less
+advanced keys and commands.
+
+
+\subsection{Loading}
+\label{sec:ref:loading}
+\paragraph{\hologo{LaTeX}}
+
+Load Memoize by \cs{usepackage}\braces{\docaux{package}{memoize}} or
+\cs{usepackage}\oarg{options}\bracestt{memoize}. The latter form functions
+almost identically to the former followed by
+\refcmd{mmzset}\bracestt{\meta{options}}, with two exceptions.
+
+First, the \meta{options} as package options may not contain spaces. This is a
+constraint imposed by \hologo{LaTeX} itself. To avoid it for a particular key,
+define a spaceless variant of the key in \reffile{memoize.cfg}. For example,
+to use \refmmz{memo dir} as a package option, put
+\refcmd{mmzset}|{memodir/.style={|\refmmz{memo dir}|={#1}}}| into that file.
+
+Second, key \refmmz{extract} only make senses as a package option, or within
+\reffile{memoize.cfg}. Internal extern extraction can only be performed before
+the output PDF is opened, and to maximize chances of that, Memoize is designed
+to extract as soon as it can: while it is being loaded. Consequently, changing
+the extraction method in the document preamble has no effect.
+
+The necessity of performing extraction before the output PDF is opened is also
+why Memoize prefers to be loaded early with respect to other packages. In
+particular, it must be loaded before \PGF library |fadings| (see
+section~\ref{sec:fadings-problem}) and before the \pkg{beamer} class (see
+section~\ref{sec:tut:beamer}).
+
+If you're familiar with the \TikZ externalization library, you might wonder
+whether Memoize has an equivalent of the \refcmd{tikzexternalize} command. It
+doesn't. Memoize assumes that if you loaded it, you want to use it --- but you
+can always disable it using key \refmmz{disable}, or even by loading package
+\refpkg{nomemoize} in its stead.
+
+In \hologo{LaTeX}, initialization and finalization are completely automatic.
+Memoize defines several initialization and finalization styles ---
+\docaux{key}{begindocument/before}, \docaux{key}{begindocument},
+\docaux{key}{begindocument/end} and \docaux{key}{enddocument/afterlastpage}
+---and executes them at the cognominal \hologo{LaTeX} hooks.
+
+\paragraph{\hologo{plainTeX}}{}
+
+Load Memoize by |\input memoize|. As package options cannot be provided in
+\hologo{plainTeX}, the author must trigger extraction from \refcmd{mmzset}
+using key \refmmz{extract}; I recommend doing this immediately after loading
+the package. This key may be invoked with or without a value. In the latter
+case, Memoize will extract using the package default method
+\refmmz{extract=perl}, unless its has been overriden from
+\reffile{memoize.cfg}.
+
+Furthermore, as \hologo{plainTeX} has no concept of a document body, the text
+must be manually enclosed in \refcmd{mmzset}\bracestt{\docaux{key}{begin
+ document}} and \refcmd{mmzset}\bracestt{\docaux{key}{end document}}; this
+is where the initialization and finalization hooks described above will be
+executed. Note that \refmmz{extract}, when used, must precede this enclosure.
+
+Finally, \hologo{plainTeX} has another reason for preferring the early loading
+of the package. In this format, Memoize must redefine \refcmd{shipout}, at a
+time the meaning of this control sequence is still primitive. In particular,
+this means that Memoize must be loaded before \pkg{atbegshi}.
+
+\begin{tcboxedraster}[raster column skip=1cm]{blankest}
+ \ExampleName{plainTeX}%
+ \makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}%
+ \tcbinputexample{listing only, title=A minimal \hologo{plainTeX} example}
+ %
+ \ExampleName{ConTeXt}%
+ \makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}%
+ \tcbinputexample{listing only, title=A minimal \hologo{ConTeXt} example}
+\end{tcboxedraster}
+
+\paragraph{\hologo{ConTeXt}}{}
+
+Load Memoize by \cs{usemodule}\bracketstt{memoize} or
+\cs{usemodule}\bracketstt{memoize}\oarg{options}. Unlike in \hologo{LaTeX},
+spaces are allowed in \meta{options}; the remarks on key \refmmz{extract} and
+loading order are the same as for \hologo{LaTeX}.
+
+In \hologo{LaTeX}, Memoize automatically executes its initialization and
+finalization code when at the beginning and the end of the document body. Due
+to my very limited experience with \hologo{ConTeXt}, and its project structure
+in particular, I don't know what the appropriate place for initialization and
+finalization would be in \hologo{ConTeXt}. I therefore provisionally leave it
+to the author to execute \refcmd{mmzset}\bracestt{\refmmz{begin document}} and
+\refcmd{mmzset}\bracestt{\refmmz{end document}} manually, and hope for advice
+on how to handle this properly.
+
+
+\paragraph{Auxiliary packages}
+
+\begin{doc}{package={name=nomemoize}}
+ Loading this package instead of Memoize completely disables memoization, but
+ does not require removing any Memoize commands from the document (they all
+ become no-ops).
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{package={name=memoizable}}
+ This package is a programmer's stub: if Memoize is loaded, it does nothing;
+ otherwise, it provides the no-op variants Memoize commands. See
+ section~\ref{sec:loading-memoize} for details.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\subsection{Configuration}
+\label{sec:ref:configuration}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,cmd={name=mmzset, par=\marg{options}}}
+
+ Update the Memoize configuration.
+
+ The \meta{options} are a comma-separated list of \meta{key}|=|\meta{value}
+ pairs. They are processed using the \pkg{pgfkeys} utility of PGF/\TikZ (see
+ \PGFmanual{87}), with the default path set to \docaux{key path}{mmz}.
+
+ The changes are local to the current \hologo{TeX} group, except for keys
+ where explicitly noted otherwise.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ cmd={name=mmznext, par=\marg{options}},
+ }
+
+ This command accepts the same \meta{options} as \refcmd{mmzset}, but
+ interprets them as \emph{next-options} --- options which will be applied to
+ the next, and only the next, \emph{auto}memoized command or environment.
+ (Remember that a command or environment is submitted to automemoization by
+ \refmmz{auto}|=|\marg{command or
+ environment}\bracestt{\refmmzauto{memoize},...}; see
+ sections~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization}, \ref{sec:tut:working-on-a-picture}
+ and \ref{sec:ref:advicememoization} for details.)
+
+ Remarks for the author:
+
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item Key \refmmz{enable} has no effect inside \refcmd{mmznext}.
+ \item If \refcmd{mmznext} is used more than once preceding an automemoized
+ command, only the final invocation takes effect.
+ \item The next-options also apply to commands and environments for which
+ memoization is autodisabled via \refmmz{auto}|=|\marg{command or
+ environment}\bracestt{\refmmzauto{nomemoize},...}.
+ \item It is safe to set the next-options in front of a command submitted to
+ automemoization which does not actually undergo memoization in this
+ particular instance. In other words, the absence of memoization will not
+ cause the next-options to ``leak'' to the next automemoized command.
+ \item Only the linear (execution) order of \refcmd{mmznext} and the
+ automemoized command matters. Key \refcmd{mmznext} will correctly apply to
+ a single following automemoized command even if it occurs outside the group
+ which that command is executed from; and it will apply to the following
+ automemoized command even if it is called within a group closed before that
+ command is executed.
+ \end{itemize}
+
+ Remarks for the programmer:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item The next-options are set globally.
+ \item The effect of \refcmd{mmznext} is \emph{not} cumulative. Consequently,
+ \refcmd{mmznext}\braces{} clears the next-options.
+ \item The next-options are applied by executing \refcmd{mmzAutoInit} within
+ the advice. Any piece of advice applying the next options should also clear them
+ when the \refmmzauto{run conditions} are not met. This is streamlined by
+ style \refmmzauto{apply options}, intended for use within \refmmz{auto}
+ declarations. Out of the box, this style is deployed by
+ \refmmzauto{memoize}, \refmmzauto{nomemoize} and \refmmzauto{noop}, but it
+ may be used by any piece of advice. Note that the \refmmzauto{outer handler}
+ declared by this style opens a group (to apply the options in) but leaves
+ it to the (undeclared) \refmmzauto{inner handler} to close that group.
+ \item Key \refmmz{enable} has no effect inside \refcmd{mmznext} because when
+ Memoize is disabled upon encountering an automemoized command, the advice
+ bails out without ever applying the next-options. More generally, this
+ applies to any advised command whose run conditions require
+ \refcmd{ifmemoize} to be true. Key \refmmz{disable}, on the other hand,
+ takes effect, because \refcmd{ifmemoize} is checked within \refcmd{Memoize}
+ as well.
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,file={name=memoize.cfg, desc=file}}
+ The configuration file, loaded just before processing the package options.
+ It will typically contain a \refcmd{mmzset} command, but it may contain any
+ \hologo{TeX} code.
+
+ As for any other file loaded by \hologo{TeX}, the location of the file
+ determines whether it applies system-wide, user-wide or directory-wide.
+
+ This file is also loaded by package \refpkg{nomemoize}, on the off chance it
+ defines some commands other than \refkeypath{/mmz} keys. (It is not loaded
+ by package \refpkg{memoizable}, though).
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{cmd={name=nommzkeys, par=\marg{key}}}
+ In package \refpkg{memoize}, this command is a no-op; in packages
+ \refpkg{nomemoize} and \refpkg{memoizable}, it defines key
+ \refkeypath{/mmz}|/|\meta{key} as a no-op.
+
+ As explained in section~\ref{sec:tut:final}, use this command to declare any
+ \refkeypath{/mmz} keys you have used outside \refcmd{mmzset} when switching
+ to package \refpkg{nomemoize}.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\subsection{Memoization}
+\label{sec:ref:memoization}
+
+\subsubsection{Manual memoization commands}
+\label{sec:ref:memoization:manual}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ cmd={name=mmz, par=\oarg{options}\marg{code}},
+ env={name=memoize, par=\oarg{options}},
+ }
+ Submit \meta{code} or \meta{environment body} to memoization.
+
+ Prior to memoization, the configuration is locally updated by executing
+ \meta{options} given as the optional argument to this command, i.e.\ the
+ given options take precedence to options previously set via \refcmd{mmzset}.
+ Note that next-options, set by \refcmd{mmznext}, are not applied.
+
+ The effect of the macro and of the environment version of this command is the
+ same, except that the command version memoizes \meta{code} exactly as-is,
+ while the environment version trims away any spaces at the beginning and the
+ end of the code.\footnote{What actually happens is that at the beginning of
+ the environment body, all space tokens will be discarded. At the end of
+ the body, no spaces are actually discarded; Memoize simply issues an
+ \refcmd{unskip}. This should not matter to a regular user who simply
+ writes down the environment.} The space-trimming feature of the environment
+ ensures that you can write |\begin{memoize}| and |\end{memoize}| in separate
+ lines (as shown above), but no extra space will creep into the extern.
+
+ The space-trimming feature of the environment, which trims spaces at the
+ beginning and at the end of the \meta{environment body}, should not be
+ confused with the effect of \refmmz{ignore spaces}, which ignores spaces
+ following the environment end-tag (in \hologo{LaTeX}, |\end{...}|) --- and
+ which does not apply to manual memoization at all!
+
+ The argument of \refcmd{mmz} \emph{must} be enclosed in braces.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ cmd={name=nommz, par=\oarg{options}\marg{code}},
+ env={name=nomemoize, par=\oarg{options}},
+ }
+ Disable Memoize for the span of the compilation of \meta{code} or
+ \meta{environment body}.
+
+ This command consumes the \meta{options} in the same way as
+ \refcmd{mmz}\slash \refenv{memoize} described above. The macro and the
+ environment version of the command exhibit the same space-trimming behaviour
+ as their \refcmd{mmz}\slash \refenv{memoize} counterparts, and the argument
+ of \refcmd{nommz} \emph{must} be enclosed in braces.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\subsubsection{Basic configuration}
+\label{sec:ref:memoization:basic}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=enable},
+ key={name=disable},
+ }
+ Enable or disable the functionality of the package.
+
+ What happens when Memoize is enabled depends on the memoization mode
+ (\refmmz{normal}, \refmmz{readonly}, \refmmz{recompile}) and many other
+ factors. When the package is disabled, it neither creates new memos and
+ externs, nor uses the existing ones; this applies to both manual and
+ automatic memoization. The effect is close to not having Memoize loaded, or
+ to loading NoMemoize, but it is not completely the same; for example, the
+ record file (\dmmz) \emph{is} updated while Memoize is disabled, reflecting
+ the fact that nothing was memoized (or utilized) in the disabled
+ state.\footnote{Cleaning the folder (\S\ref{sec:cleanup-scripts}) after
+ disabling the package for the entire document is thus a bad idea.}
+
+ If these keys are used in the preamble, their effect is delayed until the
+ beginning of the document, to ensure that Memoize is never enabled in the
+ preamble. Other than that, all these keys do is set the \hologo{TeX}
+ conditional \refcmd{ifmemoize}, which you may use in your code to test
+ whether Memoize is enabled. You may also use \refcmd{memoizetrue} and
+ \refcmd{memoizefalse}, as long as you never enable the package in the
+ preamble.
+
+ Key \refmmz{enable} cannot be applied to automemoized commands via
+ \refcmd{mmznext}. It will take effect for manual memoization, though, and
+ key \refmmz{disable} will work for both, as expected.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=normal, desc=the default mode},
+ key={name=readonly},
+ key={name=recompile},
+ }
+
+ Select the memoization mode.
+
+ Each piece of code submitted to (either manual or automatic) memoization is
+ associated to several files: one c-memo, one cc-memo, and some externs (zero
+ or more, typically one). When Memoize encounters a piece of code submitted
+ to memoization, it takes one of the following actions:
+
+ \begin{description}
+ \item[memoization] The code is compiled in a special way which produces the
+ associated memos and externs.
+ \item[utilization] The code is not compiled. Its effect is replicated by
+ processing the cc-memo; typically, this includes the single extern into the
+ document.
+ \item[regular compilation] The code is compiled as if Memoize was absent or
+ disabled (the memos and externs are neither utilized nor produced).
+ \end{description}
+
+ \begin{minipage}[t]{0.48\linewidth}
+ The action taken depends on the memoization mode and on whether all the
+ memos and externs associated with the code exist, as shown in the table on
+ the right. Note that a single missing memo or extern implies the ``no''
+ column of the table, and that memoization will create \emph{all} the
+ associated memos and externs, even those which already exist.
+ \end{minipage}
+ \hfill
+ \begin{tabular}[t]{@{}lll@{}}
+ \toprule
+ &\multicolumn{2}{c}{Do the memos and externs exist?}\\
+ \cmidrule{2-3}
+ mode&yes&no\\
+ \midrule
+ normal&utilization&memoization\\
+ readonly&utilization&regular compilation\\
+ recompile&memoization&memoization\\
+ \bottomrule
+ \end{tabular}
+
+ The memoization mode only has effect when Memoize is \refmmz{enable}d. Mode
+ selection is orthogonal to enabling\slash disabling the package; for example,
+ if you switch to a new mode while the package is disabled, the new mode will
+ be in effect once the package is enabled.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ desc={style},
+ key={name=verbatim},
+ key={name=verb},
+ key={name=no verbatim},
+ }
+ When \refmmz{verbatim} or \refmmz{verb} is in effect, the code submitted to
+ memoization is read verbatim; \refmmz{no verbatim} reverts to the normal,
+ non-verbatim collection of the code. This applies to both manual and
+ automatic memoization.
+
+ The long version, \refmmz{verbatim}, switches to the full verbatim mode,
+ where all characters are assigned category code 12 (other). With the short
+ version, \refmmz{verb}, the braces, |{| and |}|, retain category codes 1 and
+ 2, which can be useful for verbatim collection of optional arguments. For
+ details, see the documentation of CollArgs' \refcollargs{verbatim} in
+ section~\ref{sec:ref:collargs}.
+
+ Under the hood, these keys have two effects. First, they are passed on to the
+ argument collector (typically, \refcmd{CollectArguments} of the auxiliary
+ package CollArgs; for details, see section~\ref{sec:ref:advicememoization}),
+ instructing it to collect the code in the specified fashion, as described
+ above. Second, if the collected verbatim code is eventually compiled (either
+ regularly, or memoized), Memoize first rescans it using \refcmd{scantokens}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=padding left, par=\meta{dimension},
+ desc={no default, initially |1| |in|}},
+ key={name=padding right, par=\meta{dimension},
+ desc={no default, initially |1| |in|}},
+ key={name=padding top, par=\meta{dimension},
+ desc={no default, initially |1| |in|}},
+ key={name=padding bottom, par=\meta{dimension},
+ desc={no default, initially |1| |in|}},
+ }
+ Set the left/right/top/bottom padding of the extern in the extern PDF.
+
+ Without padding, the (PDF) page holding the extern would tightly fit the
+ bounding box of the extern. These keys enlarge the extern page by the given
+ amounts, so that any parts of the extern lying outside the bounding box will
+ be correctly included when using the extern. See
+ section~\ref{sec:tut:padding} for details.
+
+ \meta{dimension} is evaluated with \hologo{eTeX}'s |\dimexpr|, and may
+ contain control sequences \docaux{cmd}{width}, \docaux{cmd}{height} and
+ \docaux{cmd}{depth}, which will refer to the dimensions of the extern.
+ \refcmd{width} and friends behave like dimension registers, so it is ok to write
+ e.g.\ \refmmz{padding right}|=0.5\width|.
+
+ The default padding is what \hologo{pdfTeX} puts around the page anyway, 1
+ inch, but we use |1 in| rather than |1 true in|, which is the true default
+ value of PDF registers \docref{pdfvar:horigin} and \docref{pdfvar:vorigin},
+ as we want the padding to adjust with \refcmd{mag}nification.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,key={name=padding, par=\meta{dimension}, desc={style, no default}}}
+ Set all the above |padding| keys to the given value.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ easy,
+ key={name=context, par=\meta{tokens}, desc={cumulative, no default,
+ initially set by \refmmz{padding to context}}},
+ key={name=clear context},
+ }
+ These keys append the given \meta{tokens} to the \emph{context expression},
+ or clear this expression. Memoized code gets recompiled whenever the
+ expansion of the context expression changes.
+
+ The \meta{tokens} must be fully expandable (modulo protection); in
+ \hologo{LaTeX}, they will be expanded by |\protected@edef| when calculating
+ the md5sum of the context.
+
+ The context expression is evaluated at the end of the memoization, and at
+ utilization attempts after inputting the c-memo (note that the c-memo
+ contains any additions to the context expression accumulated during
+ memoization). At evaluation, the given context expression is fully expanded,
+ yielding the \emph{context value}, whose md5 sum forms the \meta{context md5
+ sum} part of the filename of the cc-memo and the extern.
+
+ These keys may be used both prior to the memoization process, or during
+ memoization. In the former case, their effect is local to the current group;
+ in the latter case, the effect is global, so that the changes surely survive
+ until the end of memoization, when the c-memo, where the context expression
+ is stored, is written into a file.
+
+ Under the hood, these keys manipulate token registers
+ \docaux{cmd}{mmzContext} and \docaux{cmd}{mmzContextExtra}, changing the
+ contents of the former while not memoizing, and the contents of the latter
+ during memoization. These token registers may also be manipulated directly
+ by the user, as long as one keeps to the convention of adjusting
+ \refcmd{mmzContext} locally and only while not memoizing, and adjusting
+ \refcmd{mmzContextExtra} globally and only during memoization.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={easy, name=meaning to context,
+ par=\marg{comma-separated list of commands and environment names}},
+ key={name=csname meaning to context, par=\marg{control sequence name}},
+ key={name=key meaning to context,
+ par=\marg{full path to a pgfkeys command key}},
+ key={name=key value to context,
+ par=\marg{full path to a pgfkeys value key}},
+ }
+ These keys append the definition of the given construct to the context.
+
+ Essentially, the ``meaning'' keys append \cs{meaning}\meta{control sequence}
+ to the context, for the appropriate \meta{control sequence}. For example,
+ \refmmz{meaning to context} appends \cs{meaning}\cs{foo} when given \cs{foo}
+ as in item in the list, and it appends the internal environment macros
+ appropriate to the format when given an environment name. Similarly,
+ \refmmz{key meaning to context} resolves \meta{control sequence} to the
+ internal macro holding the key command.
+
+ Key \refmmz{key value to context} should be used on keys which store values,
+ e.g.\ keys initialized by \pkg{pgfkeys} handler \code{.initial}; see
+ \PGFmanual{87.3.4 and \S87.4.5}.
+
+ All the keys prefix the meaning\slash value by the name of the command\slash
+ environment\slash key, in order to prevent ambiguous contexts, see
+ section~\ref{sec:cross-referencing} for details. Furthermore, they all
+ operate through \code{\cs{csname}...\cs{endcsname}} construct, allowing one
+ to safely add internal commands to the context.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ keypath={/handlers},
+ key={easy, name=.meaning to context},
+ key={name=.value to context},
+ }
+ These are the handler variants of \refmmz{key meaning to context} and
+ \refmmz{key value to context}.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{key={name=padding to context,desc=style}}
+ This key appends the values of the \refmmz{padding} keys to the context,
+ causing the memoized code to be recompiled whenever the padding values are
+ changed. This key is used to initialize \refmmz{context}, so the author
+ normally shouldn't have to use this key.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzNoRef, par=\marg{reference key}, desc=\hologo{LaTeX} only},
+ cmd={name=mmzForceNoRef, par=\marg{reference key}, desc=\hologo{LaTeX} only},
+ }
+ These macros append the current value of the \meta{reference key} to the
+ context,\footnote{More precisely, it is \meta{reference key}|=|\marg{current
+ value} which is appended.} causing the memoized code to be recompiled
+ when the reference changes.
+
+ If the reference key is undefined, \refcmd{mmzNoRef} aborts memoization,
+ while \refcmd{mmzForceNoRef} uses \cs{relax} as the reference string.
+
+ These commands are deployed in the implementation of \refmmzauto[show
+ keypath]{ref}, \refmmzauto{force ref} and friends. If the
+ cross-referencing commands you are using are advised by these keys, you most
+ likely have no need of these macros.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy, key={name=per overlay,desc=style}}
+ This key is only defined in the Beamer class. When in effect, the memoized
+ code will produce a cc-memo (and extern) for each overlay of the frame. For
+ implementation, see section~\ref{sec:per-overlay}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=capture, par=\docAux{of=key:/mmz/capture, value={name=hbox}, text=\alt,
+ value={name=vbox,of=key:/mmz/capture}},
+ desc={no default, initially \refmmz{capture=hbox}}}
+ }
+ Select the capture mode. This setting only applies to the default
+ memoization \refmmz{driver}.
+
+ By default, it is assumed that the memoized code should be executed in the
+ horizontal mode, so the default memoization driver captures the output of the
+ memoized code in a \refcmd{hbox} --- and also issues a \refcmd{quitvmode}
+ (both in the document and in the cc-memo), just in case the memoized code
+ occurs at the start of the paragraph.
+
+ Use \refmmz{capture}|=|\refmmz{capture=vbox} to execute the memoized code in
+ the vertical mode: Memoize will capture the output of the memoized code in a
+ \refcmd{vbox}, and avoid issuing \refcmd{quitvmode}. For example, this
+ capture mode is necessary to memoize a \refenv{verbatim} environment.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\subsubsection{Inside the memoization process}
+\label{sec:ref:memoization:process}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy, cmd={name=mmzAbort}}
+ This command aborts the ongoing memoization.
+
+ The memoization will proceed as usual (i.e.\ the extern boxes and the cc-memo
+ code will be produced), but at the end of this process, no memos will be
+ produced, no externs shipped out to extern pages, and no record files
+ updated.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy, cmd={name=mmzUnmemoizable}}
+ This command aborts the ongoing memoization, and marks the submitted code as
+ unmemoizable.
+
+ The ongoing memoization produces a c-memo setting conditional
+ \docaux{cmd}{ifmmzUnmemoizable} to true. Upon utilizing this c-memo, the
+ system switches to regular compilation.
+
+ For example, if you are automemoizing |tcolorbox|es of package
+ \pkg{tcolorbox}, you will want to refrain from memoizing boxes marked as
+ |breakable| or |float|ing. Simply aborting the memoization cannot do the
+ trick here, as memoization compiles the submitted code in a \hologo{TeX} box.
+ Marking a |breakable| or |float|ing |tcolorbox| as unmemoizable (either
+ manually using this macro, or automatically using \refmmz{auto key}) makes
+ sure that after the first compilation when memoization is attempted, the box
+ will be compiled regularly, and will have the intended ability to break
+ across pages, or float.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=Memoize, par=\marg{key}\marg{code}},
+ }
+ Depending on various factors, this command either memoizes \meta{code} under
+ key \meta{key}, utilizes the results of a previous memoization, or performs a
+ regular compilation of \meta{code}.
+
+ The outcome of executing this command --- memoization, utilization or regular
+ compilation --- depends upon the Memoize's state (\refcmd{ifmemoize},
+ \refcmd{ifmemoizing}) and mode (\refmmz{normal}, \refmmz{readonly},
+ \refmmz{recompile}), and the existence of the relevant memos and externs.
+ The decision process is depicted in section~\ref{sec:Memoize}.
+
+ This command expects to be executed in a dedicated group, which it will close
+ itself.
+
+ Invoking memoization through \refcmd{Memoize} might be useful for packages
+ which want to save the results of intensive computations, regardless of
+ whether the author loads (and enables) memoization or not. However, this
+ usage is not yet officially allowed, because there is currently no way to
+ load the core memoization routines without loading the entire package,
+ thereby forcing the author to use Memoize.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={
+ name=driver, par=\marg{code},
+ desc={no default, initially \refcmd{mmzSingleExternDriver}}
+ },
+ }
+ This key sets \meta{code} as the memoization driver.
+
+ Given some code submitted to memoization, the memoization driver should
+ produce the memos and externs which will replicate the effect of that code
+ (while retaining its regular effect). For details, see
+ section~\ref{sec:memoization-drivers}.
+
+ Typically, the \meta{code} argument of this key will consist of a single
+ control sequence (the driver control sequence), but any amount of tokens is
+ allowed. Memoize executes the driver followed by the code which it is
+ supposed to memoize, in braces, and only cares that the driver consumes that
+ code.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=at begin memoization, par=\meta{code}, desc={cumulative, initially empty}},
+ key={name=at end memoization, par=\meta{code}, desc={cumulative, initially empty}},
+ key={name=after memoization, par=\meta{code}, desc={cumulative, initially empty}},
+ }
+ Use these keys to set up memoization hooks.
+
+ These keys may be used both prior to the memoization process, or during
+ memoization. In the former case, their effect is local to the current group;
+ in the latter case, the code given to \refmmz{at begin memoization} is
+ executed immediately, while the assignment performed by the other two keys is
+ global, so that the changes surely survive until the end of memoization.
+
+ The code given to hook \refmmz{at begin memoization} is kept in macro
+ \docaux{cmd}{mmzAtBeginMemoization}, while the content of the other two hooks
+ resides in two macros per hook: \docaux{cmd}{mmzAtEndMemoization} and
+ \docaux{cmd}{mmzAtEndMemoizationExtra}, and \docaux{cmd}{mmzAfterMemoization}
+ and \docaux{cmd}{mmzAfterMemoizationExtra}. All these macros may be
+ manipulated directly by the user,\footnote{Use \cs{appto}, \cs{eappto},
+ \cs{gappto} and \cs{xappto} of package \pkg{etoolbox} (loaded by Memoize)
+ to easily append code to these macros.} as long as one keeps to the
+ convention of adjusting the macros without ``\texttt{Extra}'' locally and
+ only while not memoizing, and adjusting the macros with ``\texttt{Extra}''
+ globally and only during memoization. The ``\texttt{Extra}'' macros require
+ global assignments as they might be manipulated by code residing within a
+ \hologo{TeX} group of any depth.
+
+ These complications explained, let us take a look at how memoization proceeds
+ to learn when the hooks are used:
+ \begin{enumerate}
+ \item Initialize various conditionals, macros and token registers. (Here is
+ where the ``\texttt{Extra}'' hooks are cleared.) Remember that at this
+ point, we're inside a group opened by \refcmd{Memoize}.
+ \item Execute \refmmz{at begin memoization} hook, i.e.\ the contents of
+ macro \refcmd{mmzAtBeginMemoization}.
+ \item Execute the memoization \refmmz{driver}.
+ \item Execute \refmmz{at end memoization} hook, i.e.\ the contents of macros
+ \refcmd{mmzAtEndMemoization} and \refcmd{mmzAtEndMemoizationExtra} (in this
+ order).
+ \item Write out the memos and ship out the externs to extern pages (unless
+ memoization was aborted).
+ \item Close the memoization group.
+ \item Execute \refmmz{after memoization} hook, i.e.\ the contents of
+ macros \refcmd{mmzAfterMemoization} and \refcmd{mmzAfterMemoizationExtra}
+ (in this order).
+ \end{enumerate}
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzCMemo, desc={token register, global, empty at the start of memoization}},
+ }
+ This token register mediates the construction of the c-memo. During
+ memoization (and only during memoization), arbitrary code may be added to
+ this register; at the end of memoization, Memoize writes out its contents to
+ the free-form part of the c-memo.
+
+ All assignments to this register should be global. Use \refcmd{gtoksapp} and
+ \refcmd{xtoksapp} to easily append tokens to the register.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzCCMemo, desc={token register, global, empty at the start of memoization}},
+ }
+ This token register mediates the construction of the cc-memo. During
+ memoization, the memoization driver should append cc-memo code to
+ \refcmd{mmzCCMemo}; at the end of memoization, Memoize writes out its
+ contents to the cc-memo (preceded by the list of produced externs).
+
+ All assignments to this register should be global. Local assignments would
+ not work, because the memoized code may contain commands, like \cs{label} and
+ \cs{ref}, which contribute content to cc-memo as well, but these commands may
+ appear within a \hologo{TeX} group of any depth.
+
+ Use \refcmd{gtoksapp} and \refcmd{xtoksapp} to easily append tokens to the
+ register.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ par=\meta{token register}\marg{tokens},
+ cmd={name=toksapp},
+ cmd={name=gtoksapp},
+ cmd={name=etoksapp},
+ cmd={name=xtoksapp},
+ }
+ These commands append the given \meta{tokens} to the \meta{token register}.
+ \refcmd{etoksapp} and \refcmd{xtoksapp} expand the \meta{tokens} before
+ appending them; \refcmd{gtoksapp} and \refcmd{xtoksapp} perform a global
+ assignment.
+
+ These commands are actually provided by CollArgs, and they are defined only
+ if they don't already exist; in particular, note that \hologo{LuaTeX}
+ provides them as primitives.
+
+ Unlike the \hologo{LuaTeX} primitive variant, these commands require the
+ \meta{token register} to be given by a (|\toksdef|fed) control sequence; it
+ cannot be given as |\toks|\meta{number}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=ifmemoize},
+ cmd={name=memoizetrue},
+ cmd={name=memoizefalse},
+ }
+ Use the \hologo{TeX}-style conditional \refcmd{ifmemoize} to test whether
+ Memoize is currently enabled. Within the document body, the conditional may
+ be set using \refcmd{memoizetrue} and \refcmd{memoizefalse}, which are then
+ functionally equivalent to \refmmz{enable} and \refmmz{disable}. Do not set
+ the conditional in the preamble of the document (unless you really know what
+ you are doing).
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=ifmemoizing,desc={readonly}},
+ }
+ Use this \hologo{TeX}-style conditional to test whether Memoize is currently
+ memoizing. It may be only inspected; you should \emph{never} set this
+ conditional yourself.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=ifinmemoize,desc={readonly}},
+ }
+ Use this \hologo{TeX}-style conditional to test whether Memoize is currently
+ active, in the sense of either memoizing or regularly compiling some code ---
+ so inside a call to \refcmd{Memoize}. The conditional may be only inspected;
+ you should \emph{never} set it yourself.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzSingleExternDriver, par=\marg{code}},
+ }
+ This is the default memoization \refmmz{driver}, producing exactly one extern
+ containing whatever is typeset by the submitted \meta{code}.
+
+ The \meta{code} is compiled either within a horizontal or vertical box,
+ depending on the value of key \refmmz{capture}. In the case of a horizontal
+ capture, the driver makes sure that the horizontal mode is entered prior to
+ both typesetting the resulting box in the document, or utilizing the extern.
+
+ For the implementational details, see
+ section~\ref{sec:memoization-driver-default}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzExternalizeBox, par=\marg{box}\marg{token register}},
+ }
+ This macro is indended to be called by memoization drivers to produce an
+ extern page. The given \meta{box} is dumped into the document as a separate
+ extern page, while the \meta{token register} receives the cc-memo extern
+ inclusion code.
+
+ The \meta{box} may be given either as a control sequence (declared via
+ |\newbox|), or as box number. The resulting extern page will contain a
+ \emph{copy} of the given box, padded by the \refmmz{padding} values in effect
+ at the time of invocation of \refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox}.
+
+ An implementation detail is that \refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox} does not ship out
+ the extern page immediately. This action is delayed until the end of the
+ memoization process; more precisely, it is carried out (in tandem with
+ writing out the c-memo and the cc-memo) between execution of hooks \refmmz{at
+ end memoization} and \refmmz{after memoization}. This delay guarantees
+ that no extern pages are produced in the event of aborting memoization, even
+ if the abortion is triggered after executing \refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox}.
+
+ The \meta{token register} may be given either as a control sequence (declared
+ via |\newtoks|) or as control sequence |\toks| followed by the register
+ number. The register will receive the code, which, when executed from the
+ cc-memo, includes the extern file into the main document. This code consists
+ of a single invocation of \refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern}. It is the
+ responsibility of the driver to include the code received by \meta{token
+ register} in the register \refcmd{mmzMemo}, whose contents are, unless
+ memoization is aborted, written into the cc-memo. (See
+ \refcmd{ifmmzkeepexterns} and \refmmz{after memoization} to learn about
+ another way to use the code received by \meta{token register}.)
+
+ The invocation of \refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern} in the produced extern-inclusion
+ code is adapted to the type of the box (horizontal or vertical), which is
+ detected automatically --- the memoization driver does not need to inform
+ \refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox} about this type explicitly.\footnote{This does not
+ negate the need for key \refmmz{capture}, which applies to the default ---
+ and therefore generic --- memoization driver. This driver cannot know
+ whether the memoized code would prefer to be compiled in a horizontal or
+ vertical box. It is precisely key \refmmz{capture} which gives the user an
+ opportunity to inform Memoize about this preference. Only once the
+ memoized code is compiled into a box of the appropriate type, it is trivial
+ to detect the type of that box.}
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=ifmmzkeepexterns, desc={initially \cs{iffalse}}},
+ cmd={name=mmzkeepexternstrue},
+ cmd={name=mmzkeepexternsfalse},
+ }
+ Setting this conditional to true makes Memoize keep the extern boxes in the
+ global temporary storage even after shipping them out as extern pages. (The
+ temporary storage is emptied at the start of the next memoization.)
+
+ The extern inclusion code received by the \refcmd{mmzCCMemo} when executing
+ \refcmd{mmzExternalizeBox} is primarily meant to be executed by inputting the
+ cc-memo file; i.e.\ when the cc-memo is input, \refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern} is
+ defined to include the extern file into the document. However, it sometimes
+ makes sense to execute the cc-memo contents immediately after memoization;
+ for example, if memoization produces several externs, intricately integrated
+ into the surrouding environment, it might be cumbersome to replicate their
+ typesetting both in the memoizing compilation and in the cc-memo code ---
+ easier to build up the cc-memo code and execute it right after memoization.
+ This is why Memoize, just before executing the contents of \refmmz{after
+ memoization} hook, redefines \refcmd{mmzIncludeExtern} to include externs
+ from the temporary storage rather than from (at that point still
+ non-existing) extern files. However, as this mechanism requires Memoize to
+ keep the externs around even after memoization, it is not enabled by default:
+ it must be enabled by setting conditional \refcmd{ifmmzkeepexterns} to true.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={keypath=/mmz/auto, name=integrated driver, par=\marg{name}}
+ }
+ Use this key to easily setup a memoization driver which is integrated into
+ the command itself.
+
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[warning]
+ This is an auto-key residing in keypath \refkeypath{/mmz/auto}.
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+
+ An integrated driver must have a way of telling whether it is memoizing or
+ regularly compiling the code. This key declares a driver-specific
+ conditional which may be inspected, using \refcmd{IfMemoizing}, to determine
+ this. The conditional is set to true by the formal driver of the command
+ (set up by the invocation of this key), executed at the start of memoization;
+ it should never be set elsewhere. See
+ section~\ref{sec:memoization-multiple-externs} for details and an example.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=IfMemoizing, par=\oarg{offset}\marg{name}\marg{true code}\marg{false code}}
+ }
+ This \hologo{LaTeX}-style conditional is meant to be used by the
+ \refmmzauto{integrated driver} with the given \meta{name}. It tests whether
+ this particular driver is currently memoizing some code.
+
+ Potentially recursive commands are supported via the optional argument
+ \meta{offset}. If given, the conditional will only execute the \meta{true
+ code} when the current \hologo{TeX} group level matches the \hologo{TeX}
+ group level at the time of the invocation of the formal driver (held in
+ \refcmd{memoizinggrouplevel}), plus the \meta{offset}. In effect, the inner
+ invocation of the integrated driver will perform a regular compilation. For
+ details, see section~\ref{sec:memoization-complex-single-driver}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=memoizinggrouplevel,desc={readonly}},
+ }
+ During memoization, this macro holds the \hologo{TeX} group level in effect
+ at the start of the memoization.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzRegularPages, desc=readonly counter},
+ }
+ This counter holds the number of pages shipped out (so far) by the format's
+ regular shipout routine. \emph{Do not change its value!}
+
+ In \hologo{LaTeX}, this counter is synonymous with
+ \refcmd{ReadonlyShipoutCounter}, and in \hologo{ConTeXt}, it is synonymous
+ with \refcmd{realpageno}. Memoize does not touch its value.
+
+ In \hologo{plainTeX}, Memoize hijacks the \refcmd{shipout} control sequence
+ to count (and only to count) regular shipouts. In order for its value to be
+ realistic, Memoize should be loaded before other packages which hack
+ \cs{shipout} --- in particular, before \pkg{atbegshi}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzExternPages, desc=readonly counter},
+ }
+ This counter holds the number of extern pages Memoize has shipped out (so
+ far). \emph{Do not change its value!}
+
+ A third-party tool may inspect this counter to have a realistic count of
+ shipped-out pages.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzExtraPages, desc=counter},
+ }
+ This counter holds the number of pages shipped out (so far) in a way not
+ tracked by either \refcmd{mmzRegularPages} or \refcmd{mmzExternPages}. It
+ \emph{should} be advanced by any code which performs such shipouts, or
+ Memoize won't work correctly.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\subsubsection{Tracing}
+\label{sec:ref:memoization:tracing}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=trace, conditional=false},
+ }
+ When tracing is on, Memoize shows information about its decision processes on
+ the terminal. You can learn whether the memoized code is being memoized,
+ utilized or regularly compiled; find out the md5sum of the code and which
+ input line it comes from; etc.
+
+ This key has the syntax of a conditional, but there is no underlying
+ \hologo{TeX} conditional. The low-level interface for switching the tracing
+ on and off consists of macros \docaux{cmd}{mmzTracingOn} and
+ \docaux{cmd}{mmzTracingOff}.
+
+ To learn about tracing the ``auto'' part of the automemoization process, also
+ \refcmd{AdviceTracingOn}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=include source in cmemo, conditional=true},
+ }
+
+ As a courtesy towards a curious user and a debugging aid, Memoize can include
+ a copy of the memo source in the c-memo. This feature is switched on by
+ default, but as the package itself never uses that information, it can be
+ safely switched off at any time.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=include context in ccmemo, conditional=false},
+ }
+ When this key is in effect, the expanded context expression is appended to
+ the cc-memo, behind the \docaux{cmd}{mmzThisContext} marker.
+
+ Memoize never uses the context information from the cc-memo; this information
+ is only for tracing purposes.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=direct ccmemo input, conditional=false},
+ }
+ When this key is set to false, a cc-memo is processed indirectly: it is first
+ read into a token register, and it is the contents of this register which are
+ executed. When the key is set to true, the cc-memo is simply |\input|ted.
+
+ The indirect execution is implemented to facilitate inverse search. Under
+ the direct cc-memo input, inverse search pointed at an included extern will
+ visit the cc-memo, which is not practical; under the indirect regime, the
+ inverse search will work as expected, and this is why the indirect cc-memo
+ input is the default.
+
+ The overhead produced by the default indirect input method seems negligible,
+ but there are other factors which might make the user switch to the direct
+ input. For one, a cc-memo changing some category codes will require direct
+ input (no such cc-memos are ever produced out of the box). Less crucially,
+ sometimes one would like to use the inverse search to figure whether a part
+ of the document was produced by regular compilation or utilization, and which
+ memos\slash externs were utilized if the latter. Figuring this out under the
+ indirect input regime is harder: (i) reading the tracing information shown by
+ \refmmz{trace} is the surest way to learn what's going on, although (ii)
+ visual inspection of the externs and (iii) grepping through the |.memo.dir|
+ folder for particular code often help, as well.
+
+ Both input methods use the same cc-memos; there is no need to
+ \refmmz{recompile} the memos when switching the cc-memo input method. Note
+ that the default indirect input method crucially relies on cc-memos ending
+ with \refcmd{mmzEndMemo}; this macro should not appear in the cc-memo itself.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+
+\subsubsection{Internal memo commands}
+\label{sec:ref:memoization:internal}
+
+The end-user should never have to use these commands. They are not formally
+marked as internal by a |@| in their name only because doing so would
+complicate |\input|ting the memos due to the category code changes it would
+require.
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzMemo},
+ }
+ This macro marks the beginning of a c-memo and a cc-memo core. Without it,
+ utilization of a memo will not work.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{cmd={name=mmzSource}}
+ This macro marks the beginning of the memoized source in the c-memo. That
+ source is not used by Memoize in any way. It's inclusion into the c-memo may
+ be switched off by \refmmz{include source in cmemo}|=false|.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzResource, par=\marg{filename}},
+ }
+ This is an internal command, which only occurs in a cc-memo. It checks
+ whether file \meta{filename} exists and is non-empty, and triggers
+ recompilation of the memoized code if the check fails.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={
+ name=mmzIncludeExtern,
+ par=\marg{seq}\braces{\refcmd{hbox}\alt\refcmd{vbox}}%
+ \marg{expected width}\marg{expected height}\marg{expected depth}%
+ \marg{padding left}\marg{padding bottom}\marg{padding right}\marg{padding top},
+ }
+ }
+
+ This is an internal command, which only occurs in a cc-memo. It includes the
+ extern identified by the sequential number \meta{seq} into the document as a
+ box of the specified type (horizontal or vertical). The extern is trimmed by
+ the given padding values. After trimming, the command checks whether the
+ size of the resulting box matches the given expectations; if it doesn't, a
+ warning is yielded.
+
+ Before this command is executed, the externs should be listed by a sequence
+ of \refcmd{mmzResource} commands; \meta{seq} refers to the sequential number
+ of an extern in this sequence.
+
+ This command may also be executed by executing the entire contents of
+ \refcmd{mmzCCMemo} after memoization.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzLabel, par=\marg{label key}\marg{label value}}
+ }
+ This is an internal command written into the cc-memo by the auto-handler of
+ \refcmd{label}. It temporarily stores \meta{label value} into
+ \refcmd{@currentlabel} and then executes \cs{label}\marg{label name}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzEndMemo},
+ }
+ This macro marks the end of a cc-memo. It is used to grab the cc-memo core
+ (everything between \refcmd{mmzMemo} and \refcmd{mmzEndMemo}) under the
+ indirect cc-memo input regime, i.e.\ when \refmmz{direct ccmemo input} is not
+ in effect.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\subsection{Location of memos and externs}
+\label{sec:ref:dirs}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=memo dir,par=\meta{name}, desc={style, default \texttt{\string\jobname}}},
+ }
+ A convenient way to store memos and externs in a dedicated directory (and
+ create this directory in case it does not exist). Without an argument, this
+ key places these files in subdirectory \meta{document name}|.memo.dir| of the
+ current directory. See section~\ref{sec:tut:memodir} for the tutorial.
+
+ This key sets \refmmzpath{relative} to |false|, \refmmzpath{dir} to
+ \meta{name}|.memo.dir|, \refmmzpath{prefix} to empty and \refmmz{mkdir} to
+ |true|. In effect, memos and externs are placed in the subdirectory
+ \meta{name}|.memo.dir| of the directory containing the document; their
+ filenames contain no \meta{name} prefix, as \meta{name} already occurs in the
+ directory name. The latter feature also makes it easy for projects (or parts
+ of a project) to share memos and externs; see section~\ref{sec:tut:multifile}
+ for a typical usage case.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,key={name=no memo dir,desc=style}}
+ A convenient way to undo the effect of \refmmz{memo dir} and revert to the
+ initial settings where memos and externs are located in the current
+ directory. See section~\ref{sec:tut:memodir} for the tutorial.
+
+ This key resets the subkeys of \refmmz{path} to their initial values, and
+ sets \refmmz{mkdir} to |false|.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=path, par=\meta{keylist}, desc=style},
+ }
+
+ Set the \emph{path prefix} to memo and extern files by executing the given
+ \meta{keylist} in keypath \docaux{key path}{mmz/path}.
+
+ The path prefix contains both the location of the memo\slash extern files
+ (set by \refmmzpath{relative} and \refmmzpath{dir}) and the initial,
+ fixed part of their filenames (set by \refmmzpath{prefix}):
+ \begin{center}
+ \meta{path prefix}=[|./|]\meta{directory}|/|\meta{prefix}
+ \end{center}
+ where ``|./|'' is only present when \refmmzpath{relative} is in effect.
+ Given the \meta{path prefix}, this is how the paths to memos and externs are
+ constructed:
+ \begin{center}
+ \begin{tabular}{r@{ }l}
+ c-memo:&\meta{path prefix}\meta{code md5 sum}|.memo|\\
+ cc-memo:&\meta{path prefix}\meta{code md5 sum}|-|\meta{context md5 sum}|.memo|\\
+ extern:&\meta{path prefix}\meta{code md5 sum}|-|\meta{context md5 sum}-$N$|.pdf|\\
+ &(where ``-$N$'' is only present when $N\neq 0$, i.e.\ for non-first externs)\\
+ \end{tabular}
+ \end{center}
+
+ For example, the default \refmmz{no memo dir} \meta{path prefix} equals
+ \meta{jobname}|.| (note the dot), and after issuing \refmmz{memo dir}, the
+ \meta{path prefix} is \meta{jobname}|.memo.dir|. Executing
+ \refmmz{path}|=|\bracestt{\refmmzpath{dir}=project-memo-dir,
+ \refmmzpath{prefix}=\string\jobname.} would set the memo prefix to
+ |./project-memo-dir/|\meta{jobname}|.|, allowing the author to keep the memo
+ files of all documents compiled from the project directory in the same place.
+
+ The following keys may occur in the \meta{keylist}:
+ \yadocset{keypath=/mmz/path}
+
+ \begin{doc}{
+ key={name=relative, conditional=true},
+ }
+
+ This key determines whether the location is relative to the current
+ directory, i.e.\ the directory where \hologo{TeX} is executed from;
+ usually, this will be the directory where the compiled |.tex| file resides.
+ When set to |true| (the default), the directory set by \refmmzpath{dir}
+ is prefixed by ``|./|''.
+
+ You will probably need to set |openout_any=a| in \reffile{texmf.cnf}
+ to allow writing to an arbitrary directory --- but remember, this might be
+ dangerous!
+ \end{doc}
+
+ \begin{doc}{
+ key={name=dir, par=\meta{name}, desc={no default, initially empty}},
+ }
+
+ Set the \meta{directory} where Memoize will search for memos and externs
+ and\slash or create them in.
+
+ Unless \refmmzpath{relative} is set to |false|, this location is
+ relative to the current directory. Given the empty default, memos and
+ externs are therefore created in the directory holding the source file by
+ default.
+
+ In principle, the given memo directory must already exist, but see
+ \refmmz{mkdir}.
+ \end{doc}
+
+ \begin{doc}{
+ key={name=prefix, par=\meta{name},
+ desc={no default, initially \texttt{\string\jobname.}}},
+ }
+
+ Set the \meta{prefix}, i.e.\ the initial part of the memo\slash extern
+ filename. Initially, it is set to the document name.
+ \end{doc}
+
+ After processing the \meta{keylist}, \refmmz{path} records the new path
+ prefix by invoking \refmmz{record/record type/prefix}, which typically results
+ in a \refcmd{mmzPrefix} entry in the \dmmz file, and attempts to create the
+ \meta{directory} is \refmmz{mkdir} is in effect --- except when \refmmz{path}
+ is executed in the document preamble: then, these actions are only carried
+ out at the beginning of the document, for the final value of the keys.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{key={name=mkdir, conditional=false}}
+ When this key is set to true, Memoize will attempt to create the directory
+ set by \refmmz{path} if it does not yet exist. The directory creation takes
+ place at the beginning of the document and at every subsequent invocation of
+ key \refmmz{path}, using the system command specified by \refmmz{mkdir
+ command}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=mkdir command, par=\meta{system command invocation},
+ desc={no default, initially |mkdir "\#1"|}},
+ }
+ Sets the command used to create \refmmzpath{dir} when \refmmz{mkdir} is in effect.
+
+ This is a system command, so an appropriate shell escape mode must be in
+ effect to execute it successfully.
+
+ The default should work on Linux, MacOS and Windows. On Linux systems, it
+ makes sense to change the default (using \reffile{memoize.cfg}) to |mkdir
+ -p "#1"|, which can create parent folders as necessary.
+
+ Note that extraction methods \refmmz{extract=perl} and
+ \refmmz{extract=python} set \refmmz{mkdir command} to
+ \refscript{memoize-extract.pl} \refscript{memoize-extract.pl--mkdir} and
+ \refscript{memoize-extract.py} \refscript{memoize-extract.pl--mkdir},
+ respectively. Unlike system |mkdir|, these commands are safe in the sense
+ that they conform to the paranoid openout regime (|openout_any=p|).
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=output-directory, par=\meta{directory},
+ desc={no default, initially undefined, as package option only}},
+ cmd={name=mmzOutputDirectory, par=\meta{directory}, desc={pre-defineable}}
+ }
+ If the \hologo{TeX} binary was invoked with option |-output-directory|, one
+ should use this key or define this macro to inform Memoize this, as there is
+ no way to learn about it automatically.
+
+ The given \meta{directory} must end with a slash (|/|).
+
+ The key is only allowed as a package option. But I imagine that defining the
+ macro from the command line, prior to inputting the document source, will be
+ more common:
+ \begin{center}
+ |pdftex -output-directory somedir '\def\mmzOutputDirectory{somedir/}\input doc'|
+ \end{center}
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\subsection{Extern extraction}
+\label{sec:ref:externs}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=extract,par=\marg{extraction method},
+ desc={preamble-only, initially \refmmz{extract=perl}, default: see below}},
+ }
+ This key selects or executes the extern \meta{extraction method}, i.e. the
+ method which Memoize will use to extract the extern pages out of the document
+ PDF.
+
+ Out of the box, Memoize recognizes the following \meta{extraction method}
+ keywords: \docAux{easy, of=key:/mmz/extract, value={name=perl}, comma,
+ value={name=python}, comma, value={name=tex}, and, value={name=no}}. The final
+ keyword (not available in \hologo{plainTeX}) instructs Memoize to \emph{not}
+ perform to extraction; it should be used when extraction is performed
+ externally (for details, see section~\ref{sec:setup}). Additional methods
+ may be installed by defining key \docaux{key
+ path}{mmz/extract}|/|\meta{extraction method}.
+
+ When invoked from \reffile{memoize.cfg} or used as a package option, this key
+ \emph{selects} the extraction method. In this case, the key has no default
+ value, i.e.\ it is illegal to use it without an argument. The method
+ selected by the package option overrides the method selected in
+ \reffile{memoize.cfg}, which in turn overrides the package-initial value
+ \refmmz{extract=perl}.
+
+ In \hologo{LaTeX} and \hologo{ConTeXt}, the selected method is executed at
+ the end of loading the package. Afterwards, the key is disabled. If you
+ really need to invoke extraction in the preamble, or again, write
+ \refmmz{extract}|/|\meta{method}.
+
+ When invoked from a \refcmd{mmzset} in the document preamble, this key
+ immediately \emph{executes} the given extraction method. In the preamble
+ incarnation, the key may be invoked without a value to execute the previously
+ selected method.
+
+ As we want to allow a \hologo{plainTeX} author to override the extraction
+ method specified by the package (\refmmz{extract=perl}) or in
+ \reffile{memoize.cfg}, Memoize does \emph{not} perform extern extraction
+ while loading the package in this format. In \hologo{plainTeX}, internal
+ extraction can only be triggered by an explicit invocation of
+ \refmmz{extract} in the ``document preamble'' --- i.e.\ between |\input
+ memoize| and \refcmd{mmzset}\braces{\refmmz{begin document}}. In this case,
+ the key does not require an argument; invoking it without the argument will
+ execute either the package-default, \refmmz{extract=perl}, or whatever the
+ user had selected in \reffile{memoize.cfg}.
+
+ Executing extraction method \refmmz{extract=perl} or \refmmz{extract=python}
+ has an additional effect of setting the \refmmz{mkdir command} to the
+ extraction script with option \refscript{memoize-extract.pl--mkdir}. This
+ obviates the need to include |mkdir| among the restricted shell commands if
+ one is using the restricted shell mode.
+\end{doc}
+
+\subsubsection{Perl- and Python-based extraction}
+\label{sec:ref:extraction-perl-python}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=perl extraction command, par=\meta{system command},
+ desc={no default, initially \refscript{memoize-extract.pl}}},
+ key={name=perl extraction options, par=\meta{options},
+ desc={no default, initially: see below}},
+ key={name=python extraction command, par=\meta{system command},
+ desc={no default, initially \refscript{memoize-extract.py}}},
+ key={name=python extraction options, par=\meta{options},
+ desc={no default, initially: see below}},
+ }
+ These keys determine the system calls used for invoking the extraction
+ scripts \refscript{memoize-extract.pl} and \refscript{memoize-extract.py}.
+ All the details below apply both to the Perl and the Python version.
+
+ Use |perl|\slash|python extraction command| to set the name of the extraction
+ script. If necessary, include the full path to the scrip, or |perl|\slash
+ |python| plus the path to the script. Whatever you set here must be allowed
+ by the shell escape mode.
+
+ Use |perl|\slash|python extraction options| to set the options that the
+ script will receive; consult the documentation of
+ \refscript{memoize-extract.pl} for their meaning.
+
+ The initial value of \refmmz{perl extraction options}, shown below, (i) sets
+ embedded mode, which prefixes each output line with the script name, (ii)
+ requests a log file named \meta{jobname}|.mmz.log| (|-l|; |\input|ting the
+ log after extraction informs Memoize, and the author, whether extraction was
+ successful), and (iii) sets the warning template suitable for the format
+ (|-w|; this way, any warning messages issued by the script can be reissued by
+ the compilation of the document).
+
+ These keys were initialized using \pkg{pgfkeys} handler |.initial|, so their
+ values may be modified by handlers |.prefix|, |.append|, etc. During the
+ execution of the system call, their values are fully expanded --- thus the
+ |\string|s in the initial options value below. The guards
+ (|%<latex>| etc.) make sure that
+ each format asks for a warning message it understands (the code shown below
+ is an excerpt from the |.dtx| file; ultimately, each format receives a single
+ of the three guarded lines).
+
+ \makeexcerpt{perl-extraction-options}
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{listing only, one file, no attachment,
+ title={The initial value of \refmmz{perl extraction
+ options}}, full width, left=-2mm, right=0mm, listing options app={
+ morecomment={[s]{\%<}>} }, }
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ script={name=memoize-extract.pl, par=[\meta{options}] \meta{name}\texttt{.mmz}},
+ script={name=memoize-extract.py, par=[\meta{options}] \meta{name}\texttt{.mmz}},
+ }
+ These scripts extract the new externs recorded in \meta{name}\dmmz from
+ \meta{name}|.pdf|. Memoize invokes them when loaded with package option
+ \refmmz{extract}|=|\refmmz{extract=perl} (the default) or
+ \refmmz{extract}|=|\refmmz{extract=python}.
+
+ The script inspects the given record file, \meta{name}\dmmz, for lines of
+ form \refcmd{mmzNewExtern}\marg{extern filename}\marg{extern page
+ number}\braces{\meta{expected width}\texttt{pt}}\braces{\meta{expected
+ height}\texttt{pt}}. For each such line, page number
+ \meta{extern page number} is extracted from \meta{name}|.pdf| into
+ \meta{extern filename}. Other lines are ignored (and so are commented
+ invocations of \refcmd{mmzNewExtern}).
+
+ The \meta{extern filename} may contain a (relative or absolute) path to the
+ new extern file. The relative paths are relative to the location of the
+ \dmmz file, even when the script is invoked from some other directory.
+
+ To guard against extracting a wrong page, the script checks whether the size
+ of each extracted page matches the \meta{expected width} and \meta{expected
+ height}.\footnote{\label{fn:tolerance}To avoid false positives, the match
+ need not be exact, a difference up to |0.01pt| is tolerated. Some PDF
+ tools, notably the |PDF::API2| library deployed by the Perl version of the
+ script, round the dimensions of a PDF page, recorded in |/MediaBox|, to two
+ digits.} If it does not, the script refuses to extract the page, yields a
+ warning and even removes the extern file if it exist.
+
+ The extraction script's paranoia extends further. It will refuse to extract
+ the page, yielding a warning, if a (c)c-memo associated to the extern does
+ not exist. And it will refuse (yielding a runtime error) to write to any
+ file whose absolute path does not occur under the current directory or the
+ directory set by \docref{TEXMFOUTPUT} (in \reffile{texmf.cnf} or as an
+ environment variable); \docref{TEXMFOUTPUT} is also not allowed to point to
+ the root directory, except on Windows, where it can only point to a drive
+ root.
+
+ \yadocset{
+ of=script:memoize-extract.pl,
+ override/.style={
+ index annotation={option of {%
+ \hypercolor{link}{gray}%
+ \hyperref[script:memoize-extract.pl]{\texttt{memoize-extract}}%
+ }},
+ },
+ }
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=pdf, short name=P, par=\meta{pdf}}
+ }
+ Extract the externs from the given \meta{pdf} instead of the default
+ \meta{name}\texttt{.mmz}. Note that file \meta{pdf}, despite the different
+ name, should be produced by the same compilation that produced
+ \meta{name}\dmmz, otherwise wrong pages might be extracted.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=prune, short name=p}
+ }
+ After extraction, remove the extracted extern pages from the document PDF.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=keep, short name=k}
+ }
+ By default, the script comments out the \refcmd{mmzNewExtern} lines in the
+ \dmmz file, to prevent multiple extractions. Specifying this option
+ prevents this behaviour.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=log, short name=l, parameters=\meta{filename}}
+ }
+ When given this option, the script creates a log file with the given name.
+ The log will receive any warnings yielded by the script, see also
+ \refscript{memoize-extract.pl--warning-template}. A well-formed log ends
+ with |\endinput|, indicating that the \dmmz file was completely processed.
+
+ In absence of this option, the warnings are printed to the standard error.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=warning-template, short name=w, parameters=\meta{template}},
+ }
+ When this option is given, a warning message is not logged (or printed to
+ standard error) as-is; it is wrapped by the template given as the argument
+ of this option. More precisely, the script will log the given
+ \meta{template}, with all occurrences of \docaux{cmd}{warningtext}
+ substituted by the actual warning message.
+
+ The option can be used to propagate warnings to the upstream compilation,
+ simply by setting this option appropriately (see the initial value of
+ \refmmz{python extraction options}) and |\input|ting the log after
+ extraction.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=force, short name=f}
+ }
+ Force extern extraction even if the size-check fails. The failure will
+ still be logged.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=quiet, short name=q}
+ }
+ Normally, the script prints what it is doing to the standard output; in
+ particular, it prints out the page number and the filename of each extern
+ it is extracting. This option disables this behaviour.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=embedded, short name=e}
+ }
+ When given this option, everything printed to the standard output is
+ prefixed by the script name. The idea is to use this option when calling
+ the script from the \hologo{TeX} compilation, as it makes it easy to
+ identify the output of the script.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=mkdir, short name=m}
+ }
+ When given this option, the extraction script transforms into a paranoid
+ |mkdir| (|-p|). Argument \meta{name}|.mmz| is interpreted as a path to the
+ directory to create; all other options are ignored.
+
+ The ancestors of the directory are created as needed. The script will
+ refuse to create any directory whose absolute path does not occur under the
+ current directory or a directory listed in \docref{TEXMFOUTPUT} (set in
+ \reffile{texmf.cnf} or as an environment variable).
+
+ This option exists so that the author using the restricted shell mode does
+ not have to list |mkdir| among the restricted shell mode commands (and it
+ is also safer than a plain |mkdir|).
+
+ Memoize automatically uses this script to create the memo directory when
+ option \refmmz{extract} is given value \refmmz{extract=perl} or
+ \refmmz{extract=python}.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=help, short name=h}
+ }
+ Show help.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=version, short name=V}
+ }
+ Show Memoize version.
+ \end{doc}
+
+ Functionally, the Perl (|.pl|) and the Python (|.py|) version of the script
+ are almost equivalent. The minor differences, listed below, are mostly due
+ to the underlying PDF-processing library:
+ \hreftt{https://metacpan.org/pod/PDF::API2}{PDF::API2} in Perl, and
+ \hreftt{https://pypi.org/project/pdfrw2/}{pdfrw2} in Python.
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item The Python script is about twice as fast as the Perl script. However,
+ both scripts are very fast compared to the \hologo{TeX}-based extraction.
+ On my computer, extracting 160 externs out of a 400-page book takes 1.4s
+ with Python, 3.7s with Perl, and 65s with \hologo{TeX}. But even when
+ using \hologo{TeX}-based extraction, externalization using Memoize is
+ extremely fast compared to the \TikZ's externalization library. Adding
+ the regular compilation time of one minute to the above numbers, we arrive
+ at the maximum externalization time of about two minues, whereas my
+ estimate for the production of all 160 externs using \TikZ's
+ externalization would be an \emph{hour} or more.
+ \item The Python script cannot extract externs out of PDFs created without
+ stream compression, i.e.\ with \refcmd{pdfvariable}
+ \docref{pdfvar:compresslevel} set to |0|.
+ \item Occasionally, the Perl script crashes during extraction externs; see
+ section~\ref{sec:troubleshooting} for details.
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{doc}
+
+\subsubsection{\texorpdfstring{\hologo{TeX}}{TeX}-based extraction}
+\label{sec:ref:extraction-tex}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=tex extraction command, par=\meta{system command},
+ desc={no default, initially |pdftex|}},
+ key={name=tex extraction options, par=\meta{options},
+ desc={no default, initially: see below}},
+ key={name=tex extraction script, par=\meta{\hologo{TeX} code},
+ desc={no default, initially: see below}},
+ }
+ \yadocset{
+ before/.style={label prefix=cmd:te},
+ index annotation={defined at \hologo{TeX} extraction},
+ }
+
+ Together, these keys determine the system call used for invoking the
+ \hologo{TeX}-based extraction script, \refscript{memoize-extract-one.tex}.
+ (They were initialized using \pkg{pgfkeys} handler |.initial|, so their
+ values may be modified by handlers |.prefix|, |.append|, etc.)
+
+ Memoize uses the resulting system call string at the following occasions.
+ First, it executes it, once for each new extern in the \dmmz file, during the
+ internal extraction, i.e.\ when it is loaded with package option
+ \refmmz{extract}|=|\refmmz{extract=tex}. Second, it uses it to construct
+ record files of types \refmmz{record=sh}, \refmmz{record=bat} and
+ \refmmz{record=makefile} when recording of these types is requested.
+
+ Key \refmmz{tex extraction command} sets the \hologo{TeX} binary used for
+ \hologo{TeX}-based internal extraction. By default, the \hologo{pdfTeX}
+ engine |pdftex| is used; other sensible values for this key are |luatex| and
+ |xetex|, or the program name including the path. Note that shell escape mode
+ must be configured appropriately, and that
+ \refscript{memoize-extract-one.tex} must be compiled with the
+ \hologo{plainTeX} format.
+
+ The value of key \refmmz{tex extraction options} is passed as options to the
+ \hologo{plainTeX} binary. As shown in the initial value in the frame below,
+ it may use the temporary macro \docaux{cmd}{externbasepath}, which expands to
+ the path to the extern without the |.pdf| suffix. This macro is available
+ during internal \hologo{TeX}-based extraction and during the execution of
+ \refmmz[show keypath]{record/record type/new extern} key for and \meta{record
+ type}.
+
+ \makeexcerpt{tex-extraction-options}
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{%
+ listing only, one file, no attachment, title={The initial value of
+ \refmmz{tex extraction options}},
+ }
+
+ Key \refmmz{tex extraction script} defines the command-line script executed
+ to extract the extern. The default value, shown in the frame below, invokes
+ \refscript{memoize-extract-one.tex} after setting its parameter macros.
+ Temporary macros \docAux{cmd={name=pagenumber}, comma, cmd={name=expectedwidth},
+ and, cmd={name={expectedheight}}} are defined at the same occasions as
+ \refcmd{te:externbasepath} above, i.e.\ during internal \hologo{TeX}-based
+ extraction and during the execution of a \refmmz{record/record type/new
+ extern} key. The initial value requests the extern to be of the same version as
+ the main document, if possible;\footnote{As far as I know, it is impossible
+ to access the version of the PDF being produced in \hologo{XeTeX}, i.e.\
+ there are no registers \docref{reg:pdfmajorversion} and
+ \docref{reg:pdfminorversion}. To request production of a specific version of
+ PDF, \hologo{XeTeX} must be invoked by with command-line option
+ \code{-output-driver 'xdvipdfmx -V $N$'}.} note that Memoize defines
+ \docref{reg:pdfmajorversion} and \docref{reg:pdfminorversion} in \hologo{LuaTeX}.
+
+ \makeexcerpt{tex-extraction-script}
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.excerpt]{%
+ listing only, one file, title=The initial value of \refmmz{tex extraction
+ script}, no attachment}
+
+ As the value of \refmmz{tex extraction script} is fully expanded when used,
+ the initial value shown above must prevent the expansion of much code.
+ Furthermore, the initial value varies with the \hologo{TeX} format, as
+ indicated by the |.dtx| guards in the definition of
+ \refcmd{meo:warningtemplate}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ script={
+ head prefix={%
+ (\texttt{pdf}\alt\texttt{lua}\alt\texttt{xe})\texttt{tex -jobname}
+ \meta{extern filename}
+ \texttt{"}\meta{parameters}
+ \cs{input}\texttt{\textbraceleft}
+ },
+ name=memoize-extract-one.tex,
+ head infix=\texttt{\textbraceright"},
+ },
+ }
+ Compiling \refscript{memoize-extract-one.tex} with \hologo{plainTeX}
+ produces an extern file containing a single (extern) page extracted from the
+ document PDF.
+
+ Memoize invokes this script, once for each new extern appearing in the \dmmz
+ file, when loaded with package option
+ \refmmz{extract}|=|\refmmz{extract=tex}.
+
+ The desired \meta{extern filename} is given as the value of option |-jobname|
+ of the \hologo{TeX} binary. To set the extraction \meta{parameters}, define
+ the following macros before |\input|ting the file:
+ \yadocset{
+ index annotation=option of \texttt{memoize-extract-one.tex},
+ before/.style={head prefix=\cs{def}, label prefix=cmd:meo},
+ }
+ \begin{doc}{cmd={name=fromdocument, parameters=\marg{document pdf filename}}}
+ Defining this macro sets the filename of the PDF which the externs will be
+ extracted from. The filename is relative to the working directory.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{cmd={name=pagenumber, parameters=\marg{number}}}
+ Defining this macro sets the number of the page to extract. The first page
+ has number 1.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=expectedwidth, parameters=\marg{dimension}, desc=optional},
+ cmd={name=expectedheight, parameters=\marg{dimension}, desc=optional},
+ }
+ Defining these macros sets the expected width and height of the extracted
+ page.
+
+ To guard against extracting a wrong page, the dimensions of the extracted
+ page are compared against the expected width and height. If the size check
+ fails,\footnote{The match need not be exact, see
+ footnote~\ref{fn:tolerance}.} the resulting extern PDF is empty (which
+ counts as non-existent when Memoize checks for its presence when it
+ attempts to utilize it), and a warning message (formatted via
+ \refcmd{meo:warningtemplate}) is printed to the log file, if logging was
+ requested via \refcmd{meo:logfile}.
+
+ If any of these macros is undefined, the size check will be skipped.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{cmd={name=logfile, parameters=\marg{filename}, desc=optional}}
+ Defining this macro sets the name of the log file. If not defined, no log
+ file will be produced.
+
+ The log file is intended to be used when the script is invoked from an
+ outer \hologo{TeX} compilation. In particular, it is intended to be
+ |\input| by that compilation to see whether the extraction was successful.
+ Upon a failed size check, it will contain a warning (formatted by
+ \refcmd{meo:warningtemplate}, if that macro is defined). The log file ends
+ with |\endinput| to signal that extraction actually took place.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{cmd={name=warningtemplate, parameters=\marg{code}, desc=optional}}
+ Defining this macro determines how to log the warning message in the case
+ of a failed size check. The macro should expand to a \hologo{TeX}
+ format-specific warning message code containing the warning text given in
+ \docAux{cmd={name=warningtext, label prefix=cmd:meo, into
+ index=false}}.\footnote{Macro \refcmd{meo:warningtemplate} is passed
+ the warning text by a macro rather than a formal parameter to avoid
+ category code problems with the parameter character when setting key
+ \refmmz{tex extraction script}.}
+
+ While the script formats the warning message \emph{text} on its own (``I
+ refuse to extract page \dots''), the warning message is not written into
+ the log unadorned. The log file is intended to be \cs{input} by the outer
+ \hologo{TeX} compilation, and the idea is that inputting it should yield a
+ warning in that compilation (in the case of a failed size
+ check). Therefore, the content of the log file must contain an invocation
+ of the command used to produce warning messages in the \hologo{TeX} format
+ used by the outer compilation.
+
+ For example, when this script is invoked from within a \hologo{LaTeX}
+ compilation, it makes sense to define something like
+ |\def\warningtemplate{\PackageWarning{memoize}{\warningtext}}|.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{cmd={name=force,
+ parameters=\bracestt{\texttt{true}\Alt\texttt{false}}, desc=optional}}
+ If this macro is defined to |true|, extern extraction will be carried out
+ even if the size-check fails. The failure will still be logged.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzpdfmajorversion, parameters=\marg{number}, desc=optional},
+ cmd={name=mmzpdfminorversion, parameters=\marg{number}, desc=optional},
+ }
+ Defining (one or both of) these macros requests that the extern PDF be
+ produced with the given major\slash minor PDF version, i.e.\ the extraction
+ script will set registers \docref{reg:pdfmajorversion} and
+ \docref{reg:pdfminorversion}.
+ \end{doc}
+
+ After extracting the extern, the script will end the compilation, i.e.\
+ intentionally, only one page documents can be produced.
+\end{doc}
+
+\subsubsection{The clean-up scripts}
+\label{sec:cleanup-scripts}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ script={name=memoize-clean.pl, par=[\meta{options}] [\meta{name}\texttt{.mmz} \dots]},
+ script={name=memoize-clean.py, par=[\meta{options}] [\meta{name}\texttt{.mmz} \dots]},
+ }
+ This script removes memo and extern files whose filenames start with
+ \meta{path prefix}es mentioned in the given \dmmz files or by the
+ \refscript{memoize-clean.pl--prefix} option. Unless option
+ \refscript{memoize-clean.pl--all} is given, the script only deletes the
+ \emph{stale} files, i.e.\ the files not mentioned in any of the given \dmmz
+ files.
+
+ A \meta{path prefix} of a memo or an extern is what was set by key
+ \refmmz{path}, or more commonly, one of the shortcut keys \refmmz{memo dir}
+ and \refmmz{no memo dir}; see section~\ref{sec:ref:dirs} for details on the
+ form of a memo/extern filename.
+
+ In detail, the script scans the given \dmmz files for occurrences of
+ \refcmd{mmzPrefix}, and adds their \meta{path prefix} arguments to the list
+ of prefixes given on the command line by option
+ \refscript{memoize-clean.pl--prefix}; a \meta{path prefix} occurring in some
+ \dmmz file is interpreted relatively to the location of the \dmmz file. The
+ script removes all files whose full pathname (relative to the current
+ directory) matches pattern \meta{path
+ prefix}\meta{md5sum}(|-|\meta{md5sum})(|.memo|\alt(|-|$N$)|.pdf|\alt|.log|),%
+ \footnote{The |.log| files are produced by the \hologo{TeX}-based extraction
+ script.} except those which occur as the \meta{filename} argument to one
+ of \refcmd{mmzUsedCMemo}, \refcmd{mmzUsedCCMemo}, \refcmd{mmzUsedExtern},
+ \refcmd{mmzNewCMemo}, \refcmd{mmzNewCCMemo} and \refcmd{mmzNewExtern} in one
+ of the \dmmz files.
+
+ The script is fairly paranoid. It refuses to delete anything if a \dmmz file
+ is malformed in any way (but not if it doesn't exist or is completely empty,
+ which facilitates its usage in clean-up scripts), or if it would remove a
+ file not residing under the current directory. Before removing the files, it
+ lists the files to be removed and asks for confirmation.
+
+ Functionally, the Perl (|.pl|) and the Python (|.py|) version are completely
+ equivalent.
+
+ \yadocset{
+ of=script:memoize-clean.pl,
+ override/.style={
+ index annotation={option of {%
+ \hypercolor{link}{gray}%
+ \hyperref[script:memoize-clean.pl]{\texttt{memoize-clean}}%
+ }},
+ },
+ }
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=prefix, short name=p, par=\meta{path prefix}}
+ }
+ Add \meta{path prefix} to the list of prefixes; the given prefix is
+ relative to the current directory. This option may be given multiple
+ times.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=all, short name=a}
+ }
+ When given this option, the script removes \emph{all} memos and externs
+ belonging to the document, not just the stale ones, i.e.\ it effectively
+ ignores the occurences of \refcmd{mmzUsedCMemo} and friends in the \dmmz
+ file.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=yes, short name=y}
+ }
+ When given this option, the script does not ask for confirmation before
+ removing the files.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=quiet, short name=q}
+ }
+ Normally, the script prints what it is doing to the standard output; in
+ particular, it prints out the filename of each file as it is deleting it.
+ This option disables this behaviour.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=help, short name=h}
+ }
+ Show help.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ option={name=version, short name=V}
+ }
+ Show Memoize version.
+ \end{doc}
+\end{doc}
+
+\subsubsection{Record files}
+\label{sec:ref:record-files}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=record, par=\marg{record type},
+ desc={cumulative, initially \refmmz{record=mmz}, no default}},
+ key={name=no record},
+ }
+ Memoize records which externs were produced and used in the compilation,
+ producing a record file of every type found in the record-type list. These
+ keys add \meta{record type} to the record-type list, or clear this list. See
+ section~\ref{sec:record-files} for details.
+
+ Note that passing an undefined \meta{record type} to this key will not yield
+ an error.
+
+ Out of the box, the following \meta{record type}s are recognized:
+ \yadocset{of=key:/mmz/record}
+ \begin{doc}{value={name=mmz}}
+ This record type produces a \dmmz file recording new/used
+ externs/c-memos/cc-memos and changes in the \refmmz{path} prefix to these
+ files; see section~\ref{sec:.mmz} for details.
+
+ The produced file is named \docAux{file={name=mmz,
+ name prefix=\meta{jobname}.,
+ ref prefix=.,
+ index prefix=.,
+ }}. This name cannot be changed.
+
+ The \dmmz file is a \hologo{TeX} file, but uses only a simple subset of
+ the \hologo{TeX} syntax, to be easily parsable by the external scripts such
+ as \refscript{memoize-extract.pl}. Each line of the file consists of a
+ (possibly commented) invocation of one of the commands listed below; the
+ final line is |\endinput|. The \meta{path prefix} below consists of the
+ path to memos/externs and the immutable \refmmzpath{prefix} of their filename.
+ \begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzUsedCMemo, par=\marg{filename}},
+ cmd={name=mmzUsedCCMemo, par=\marg{filename}},
+ cmd={name=mmzUsedExtern, par=\marg{filename}},
+ }
+ Record that the (c)c-memo or extern residing in file \meta{filename} was
+ utilized.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=mmzNewCMemo, par=\marg{filename}},
+ cmd={name=mmzNewCCMemo, par=\marg{filename}},
+ }
+ Record that a new (c)c-memo residing in file \meta{filename} was
+ produced.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{cmd={name=mmzNewExtern, par=\marg{filename}\marg{page number}%
+ \marg{expected width}\marg{expected height}}}
+ Record that a new extern was produced and dumped as page \meta{page
+ number} into the document, that it should be extracted into file
+ \meta{filename}, and that it should be \meta{expected width} wide and
+ \meta{expected height} high (modulo tolerance of |0.01pt|, see
+ footnote~\ref{fn:tolerance}), where the height is the total height
+ comprising both \hologo{TeX} height and depth.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{cmd={name=mmzPrefix, par=\marg{path prefix}}}
+ Record that the \refmmz{path} prefix of memo and extern files was
+ changed.
+ \end{doc}
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{value={name=makefile}}
+ This record type produces a makefile which, when processed by the |make|
+ utility, triggers \hologo{TeX}-based extraction of the new externs.
+ \begin{doc}{
+ key={name=makefile, par=\marg{filename}, desc={no default,
+ initially \texttt{memoize-extract.\jobname.makefile}}}
+ }
+ Use this key to change the filename of the produced makefile.
+ \end{doc}
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{value={name=sh}, value={name=bat}}
+ These record types produce a shell script which, when executed, triggers
+ \hologo{TeX}-based extraction of the new externs.
+
+ Use \refmmz{record=sh} on Unix-like systems, and \refmmz{record=bat} on
+ Windows.
+
+ \begin{doc}{
+ key={name=sh, par=\marg{filename}, desc={no default,
+ initially \texttt{memoize-extract.\jobname.sh}}},
+ key={name=bat, par=\marg{filename}, desc={no default,
+ initially \texttt{memoize-extract.\jobname.bat}}}
+ }
+ Use these keys to change the filename of the produced shell script.
+ \end{doc}
+ \end{doc}
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ desc=definable,
+ keypath=/mmz/record/\meta{record type},
+ keypath label=/mmz/record/record type,
+ name prefix={\meta{record type}/}, ref prefix=,
+ index annotation={key in \texttt{/mmz/\meta{record type}}},
+ key={name=begin},
+ key={name=prefix, par=\marg{path prefix}},
+ key={name=new extern, par=\marg{filename}},
+ key={name=new cmemo, par=\marg{filename}},
+ key={name=new ccmemo, par=\marg{filename}},
+ key={name=used extern, par=\marg{filename}},
+ key={name=used cmemo, par=\marg{filename}},
+ key={name=used ccmemo, par=\marg{filename}},
+ key={name=end},
+ }
+ A new record type can be implemented by defining these keys in keypath
+ \docAux{key path={name=mmz/record/\meta{record type}, label=mmz/record/record
+ type}} (using the standard \pkg{pgfkeys} handlers such as |.code| and
+ |.style|). The keys are invoked by Memoize where appropriate if recording
+ for the defined type is activated by \refmmz{record}|=|\meta{record type},
+ just as for the predefined types. Only those keys which are required for
+ implementing the desired functionality need to be defined.
+
+ The following macros are available during the execution of key
+ \refmmz{record/record type/new extern}:
+ \yadocset{before/.style={label prefix=cmd:ne},
+ index annotation=defined at \refmmz{record/record type/new extern}}
+ \begin{doc}{cmd={name=pagenumber}}
+ This macro holds the number of the extern page.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=expectedwidth},
+ cmd={name=expectedheight},
+ }
+ These macros hold the width and the height of the extern page.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{cmd={name=externbasepath}}
+ This macro holds the filename of the extern, minus the |.pdf| suffix (but
+ including the path leading to the extern).
+ \end{doc}
+\end{doc}
+
+
+
+\subsection{Automemoization}
+\label{sec:ref:advicememoization}
+
+
+\subsubsection{Package Advice}
+\label{sec:ref:advice}
+
+Package Advice is a namesake of \Emacs's Advice. As such, it implements a
+generic framework for extending the functionality of selected commands and
+environments. Each \emph{advised} command and environment is assigned a piece
+of \emph{advice} --- a command which is executed instead of the advised command
+and environment, and which may, or may not, invoke the original command or
+environment during its execution. The package offers an elegant way of
+declaring advice, setting up the conditions upon which the advised command will
+actually be replaced by the advice, collecting the arguments of the advised
+command and invoking it, and (de)activating the advice.
+
+Before the advising framework can be used, it must be installed into a selected
+\pkg{pgfkeys} keypath (multiple installations into different keypaths are
+allowed, even if they handle the same commands). Memoize installs the
+framework into keypath \refkeypath{/mmz} and (primarily) uses it to
+automatically memoize the results of compilation of selected commands and
+environments.
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ keypath={/handlers},
+ key={name=.install advice,
+ sort index=install advice,
+ par=\marg{configuration keylist},
+ },
+ }
+ This key is a \pkg{pgfkeys} key handler (see \PGFmanual{87.3.5}) which
+ installs the advising framework into the keypath which it was invoked from
+ --- henceforth, the \meta{namespace}.
+
+ For example, \code{\cs{pgfkeys}\bracestt{/my/\refkey{/handlers/.install
+ advice}}} installs the framework into keypath |/my|.
+
+ Argument \meta{configuration keylist} may contain the following keys:
+ \yadocset{keypath=/advice/install}
+ \begin{doc}{key={
+ name=setup key,
+ parameters=\marg{name},
+ description={no default, initially \texttt{advice}}},
+ }
+ This key determines the names of the user-interface keys used to setup
+ advice for commands and environments in \meta{namespace}.
+
+ The keys whose names are determined by this key are the following:
+ \meta{name}, \code{\meta{name} csname}, \code{\meta{name} key},
+ \code{\meta{name}'}, \code{\meta{name} csname'} and \code{\meta{name}
+ key'}. Memoize sets \refkey{/advice/install/setup key}|=auto|, and
+ thereby defines \refmmz{auto}, \refmmz{auto csname}, \refmmz{auto key},
+ \refmmz{auto'}, \refmmz{auto csname'} and \refmmz{auto key'}.
+ \end{doc}
+ \begin{doc}{key={
+ name=activation,
+ par=\meta{initial activation type},
+ desc={no default, initially \texttt{immediate}}
+ },
+ }
+ This key sets the \meta{initial activation type} for \meta{namespace}.
+
+ At the end of the installation, the system will execute
+ \meta{namespace}|/|\refmmz{activation}|=|\meta{initial activation type};
+ consequently, \meta{initial activation type} must be one of
+ \refmmz{activation=immediate} and \refmmz{activation=deferred}. In
+ Memoize, the \meta{initial activation type} is
+ \refmmz{activation=deferred}.
+
+ Setting the \refmmz{activation} type during the installation only matters
+ in \hologo{LaTeX}, where the installation ends by advising \refcmd{begin}
+ to implement advising of environments.
+ \end{doc}
+
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[warning]
+ Writing the documentation for Advice, I was faced with a dilemma. Should
+ the documentation reflect the fact that the full names of keys defined by
+ the package depend on the installed instance of the framework, in
+ particular on \meta{namespace} and \meta{setup key}? For example, should
+ the reference headers contain things like \meta{namespace}|/activate| and
+ \meta{namespace}|/|\meta{setup key} |csname|? In my opinion, this would
+ make the reference hard to read, so I decided to have the reference headers
+ refer to the Advice keys of the Memoize installation, where
+ \meta{namespace}=|/mmz| and \meta{setup key}=|auto|, resulting in
+ friendlier headers such as \refkeypath{/mmz}|/|\refmmz{activate} and
+ \refkeypath{/mmz}|/|\refmmz{auto csname}. (Consequently, it also made
+ sense to document Advice within the Memoize documentation.)
+
+ The bottomline: if you're reading this section with a non-Memoize
+ installation in mind, you have to mentally replace any \refkeypath{/mmz}
+ and \refmmz{auto} in the reference headers with the \meta{namespace} and
+ the \meta{setup key} selected by that installation.
+ (Section~\ref{sec:ref:advice:memoization} is another matter. Keys
+ described there are only available in Memoize.)
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+
+ In more detail, key handler \refkey{/handlers/.install advice} performs the
+ following actions (as explained in the box above, we assume that the
+ advising framework was installed into keypath \refkeypath{/mmz} with the
+ setup key named |auto|):
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item \edef\origtolerance{\the\tolerance}\tolerance=1000
+ It defines the following keys in keypath \refkeypath{/mmz}:
+ \refmmz{auto},
+ \refmmz{auto csname},
+ \refmmz{auto key},
+ \refmmz{auto'},
+ \refmmz{auto csname'},
+ \refmmz{auto key'},
+ \refmmz{activation},
+ \refmmz{activate deferred},
+ \refmmz{activate},
+ \refmmz{deactivate},
+ \refmmz{activate csname},
+ \refmmz{deactivate csname}.
+ \refmmz{activate key},
+ \refmmz{deactivate key}.
+ \refmmz{force activate},
+ \refmmz{try activate}.
+ \item
+ It defines the following keys in keypath \refkeypath{/mmz/auto}:
+ \refmmzauto{run conditions},
+ \refmmzauto{outer handler},
+ \refmmzauto{bailout handler},
+ \refmmzauto{collector},
+ \refmmzauto{args},
+ \refmmzauto{collector options},
+ \refmmzauto{clear collector options},
+ \refmmzauto{raw collector options},
+ \refmmzauto{clear raw collector options},
+ \refmmzauto{inner handler},
+ \refmmzauto{options},
+ \refmmzauto{clear options},
+ \refmmzauto{reset}.
+ \item \tolerance\origtolerance\relax
+ It defines the |.unknown| key handler for \refkeypath{/mmz/auto}.
+ This handler appends any unknown keys (and their values) to
+ \refmmzauto{options}.
+ \item It executes \refmmz[show keypath]{activation}|=|\meta{initial
+ activation type}.
+ \item In \hologo{LaTeX}, it submits \refcmd{begin} to advising, thereby
+ enabling environment support in this format. Consequently, advising of
+ environments can switched off by writing \refmmz{deactivate}|=\begin|.
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{doc}
+
+\paragraph*{The keys installed into keypath \metabf{namespace}} are used to
+declare and (de)activate advice. In the documentation in this subsection,
+we assume that \meta{namespace}=\refkeypath{/mmz} and that \meta{setup
+ key}=\refmmz{auto}. In particular, this also applies to the reference
+headers.
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=activation, par=\docAux{of=key:/mmz/activation, value={name=immediate},
+ text=\Alt, value={name=deferred}}, desc={style, no default}},
+ key={name=activate deferred, desc={style}},
+ }
+ Key \refmmz{activation} selects the activation regime. Under the
+ \refmmz{activation=immediate} regime, keys \refmmz{activate},
+ \refmmz{deactivate}, \refmmz{force activate} and \refmmz{try activate} behave
+ as described in their documentation below. Under the
+ \refmmz{activation=deferred} regime, however, those keys are not executed;
+ rather, their invocations are appended to style \refmmz{activate deferred}.
+ For example, writing \refmmz{activate}|=\foo| in the deferred activation
+ regime appends \refmmz{activate}|=\foo| to \refmmz{activate deferred}. It is
+ up to the user if and when to execute the keys collected in \refmmz{activate
+ deferred}; see the documentation of \refmmz{manual} to learn what Memoize
+ does with the contents of this style.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ par=\marg{list of commands and/or environments},
+ desc={style},
+ key={name=activate},
+ key={name=deactivate},
+ }
+ These keys activate or deactivate the advice for the given commands and
+ environments. When the advice is activated, it replaces the advised command;
+ when it is deactivated, the command is reverted to its original definition.
+
+ In Memoize, these keys are most commonly used to activate or deactivate
+ automemoization for the given commands or environments. For example, write
+ \refmmz{deactivate}|={\tikz,tikzpicture}| to deactivate automemoization of
+ \TikZ pictures (which is declared and active by default). The curly braces
+ may be omitted if the list contains a single command or environment, e.g.\
+ \refmmz{deactivate}|=\tikz| or \refmmz{deactivate}|=tikzpicture|.
+
+ (De)activation of a piece of advice is completely orthogonal to its declaration with
+ \refmmz{auto}. For example, there is no need to deactivate a command before
+ redeclaring its advice, and reactivate it afterwards. A command may be
+ activated even before declaring its advice --- however, the command itself
+ must be defined at the time of activation.
+
+ As the advice is normally automatically activated upon declaration with
+ \refmmz{auto}, explicit activation is rarely needed, but see \refmmz{auto'}.
+ The effect of these keys under the deffered activation regime is described in
+ \refmmz{activation}.
+
+ Note that I sometimes speak of (de)activating a command, and sometimes of
+ (de)activating its advice. I mean the same thing.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ par=\marg{control sequence name},
+ desc={style},
+ key={name=activate csname},
+ key={name=deactivate csname},
+ }
+ These keys activate and deactivate a command given by its \meta{control
+ sequence name}; for example, \refmmz{activate csname}|=foo| is equivalent
+ to \refmmz{activate}|=\foo|. Note that unlike the regular \refmmz{activate}
+ and \refmmz{deactivate}, their |csname| variants only accept a single command
+ at a time (otherwise, including a comma in the command name would be
+ impossible).
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ par=\marg{list of full key names},
+ desc={style},
+ key={name=activate key},
+ key={name=deactivate key},
+ }
+ These keys activate and deactivate |pgfkeys| keys. Note that \emph{full} key
+ names must be given, i.e.\ the names must include the keypath.
+
+ Under the hood, these keys merely execute \refmmz{activate} and
+ \refmmz{deactivate} on the internal macros corresponding to the given keys.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=try activate, conditional=false},
+ }
+ When this conditional is set to true, \refmmz{activate} will not yield an
+ error if the advice is already activated, and \refmmz{deactivate} will not
+ yield an error if the advice is not yet activated.
+
+ This key applies to the next, and only to the next, invocation of key
+ \refmmz{activate} or \refmmz{deactivate}, i.e.\ it is reset back to |false|
+ after invoking \refmmz{activate} or \refmmz{deactivate}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=force activate, conditional=false},
+ }
+ When this conditional is set to true, \refmmz{activate} will activate even a
+ previously activated command, provided that, additionally, the command has
+ been redefined since the prior activation.
+
+ In more detail, the original definition of the advised command is saved upon
+ activation (to provide the possibility of both deactivation and the usage of
+ the original command by the handler). Consequently, activation of an already
+ activated command would result in the saved original definition being
+ overwritten by the redefinition made during the first activation. However,
+ if the handled command was meanwhile redefined by a third party, reactivation
+ makes sense, under the assumption that the former original definition is
+ obsolete and should be replaced by the (third party) redefinition. As a
+ safeguard, however, \refmmz{activate} requires such reactivation to be
+ explicitly requested using conditional \refmmz{force activate}.\footnote{A
+ potential problem, not (yet) addressed, is that the third party might be
+ another incarnation of the advising framework. In this case, forced
+ reactivation will result in the loss of the original command and a circular
+ dependency between the two pieces of advice.}
+
+ This key applies to the next, and only to the next, invocation of key
+ \refmmz{activate}, i.e.\ it is reset back to |false| after invoking
+ \refmmz{activate}. This key does not apply to \refmmz{deactivate}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=auto, par=\marg{command or environment}{\marg{keylist}}, desc=style}}
+
+ This key sets up the advice for the given command or environment, or updates
+ the configuration of an existing piece of advice.
+
+ In Memoize, this key is most commonly used to submit a command or environment
+ to automemoization. For an environment (say, |bar|), it suffices to write
+ \refmmz{auto}|=|\bracestt{bar}\bracestt{\refmmzauto{memoize}}; for a command,
+ we usually need to include its argument specification:
+ \refmmz{auto}|=\foo|\bracestt{\refmmzauto{memoize},
+ \refmmzauto{args}=\bracestt{...}}. Another common usage is to prevent
+ memoization during the execution of a command or environment:
+ \refmmz{auto}|=|\bracestt{bar}\bracestt{\refmmzauto{nomemoize}}. For
+ details, see sections~\ref{sec:tut:automemoization},
+ \ref{sec:tut:working-on-a-picture} and~\ref{sec:tut:verbatim}.
+
+ The advice is configured by the given \meta{keylist}, which is executed with
+ the default keypath set to \docaux{key path}{mmz/auto}. Any unknown keys in
+ \meta{keylist} are passed on to key \refmmzauto{options}; for example, a
+ plain \refmmz{verbatim} or \refmmz{padding}|=2in| have the same effect as
+ \refmmzauto{options}|=|\refmmz{verbatim} or
+ \code{\refmmzauto{options}=\braces{\refmmz{padding}=2in}}.
+
+ This key automatically activates the declared advice, unless it is already
+ activated; under the deferred activation regime, the automatic activation is
+ deferred as well. Use variant \refmmz{auto'} when you don't want to
+ automatically activate the advice.
+
+ When this key is used on a command or environment with an existing piece of advice,
+ the advice is merely updated. This makes it easy to, for example,
+ temporarily switch to verbatim collection of an environment in Memoize:
+ \refmmz{auto}|=|\bracestt{tcolorbox}\braces{\refmmz{verbatim}}. Use key
+ \refmmzauto{reset} to setup the advice from scratch:
+ \refmmz{auto}|=|\bracestt{...}\bracestt{\refmmzauto{reset}, ...}.
+
+ A piece of advice consists of several interlocked components, declared by keys
+ residing in path \refkeypath{/mmz/auto}: \refmmzauto{run conditions},
+ \refmmzauto{bailout handler}, \refmmzauto{outer handler},
+ \refmmzauto{collector} and \refmmzauto{inner handler}. During the execution
+ of the advice, these components are available through the following macros:
+ \refcmd{AdviceRunConditions}, \refcmd{AdviceBailoutHandler},
+ \refcmd{AdviceOuterHandler}, \refcmd{AdviceCollector} and
+ \refcmd{AdviceInnerHandler}. These macros are also defined during setup, and
+ it is possible to change the configuration by modifying them directly; in
+ that case, it likely also makes sense to use the low-level variant of this
+ key, macro \refcmd{AdviceSetup}.
+
+ Control sequences used in the advice components do not need to be defined at
+ the time of invoking key \refmmz{auto}, or activating the advice; they must
+ only be defined at the time the advice is actually executed. It is thus
+ perfectly fine to declare \refmmzauto{inner handler}|=\myinnerhandler| before
+ defining |\myinnerhandler|, or to redefine |\myinnerhandler| between the
+ invocations of the advised command.
+
+ This key configures not only the components, but also the options of the
+ advice. These options are set by keys \refmmzauto{args},
+ \refmmzauto{collector options}, \refmmzauto{raw collector options} and
+ \refmmzauto{options}. Whether these options are used or not depends on the
+ advice components. (Same as the components, the options have their
+ corresponding low-level macros: \refcmd{AdviceArgs},
+ \refcmd{AdviceCollectorOptions}, \refcmd{AdviceRawCollectorOptions} and
+ \refcmd{AdviceOptions}.)
+
+ Parameter symbols (i.e.\ |#|) are not allowed in advice settings.
+
+ A command or environment may be submitted to several instances of the
+ advising framework, i.e.\ instances installed under different keypaths. The
+ effect of such chained advice depends on the order of activation. If advice
+ $A$ is activated before advice $B$, it will also be applied before $B$.
+
+ The advice setup takes place in a group. Use key \refmmzauto{after setup} to
+ execute code outside this group.
+
+ In general, the name of this key equals whatever was submitted to
+ \refkey{/advice/install/setup key} during the installation of the advising
+ framework via \refkey{/handlers/.install advice}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=auto csname, par=\marg{control sequence name}{\marg{keylist}}, desc=style}
+ }
+ This key is a variant of \refmmz{auto}, but with the command of the first
+ argument given as a control sequence name, i.e.\ \refmmz{auto
+ csname}|={foo}{...}| is equivalent to \refmmz{auto}|=\foo{...}|.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=auto key, par=\marg{full key}{\marg{keylist}}, desc=style},
+ }
+ This key is a variant of \refmmz{auto}, but it works with \pkg{pgfkeys} keys.
+ The first argument should be a \meta{full key} like |/tcb/float|, i.e.\ it
+ must consist of both the keypath and the keyname.
+
+ This key sets up advice for the internal command corresponding to the given
+ \meta{full key}, and also properly initializes the collector, so that
+ \refmmzauto{inner handler} will ``just work.''
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=auto', par=\marg{command or environment}{\marg{keylist}}, desc=style},
+ key={name=auto csname', par=\marg{control sequence name}{\marg{keylist}}, desc=style},
+ key={name=auto key', par=\marg{full key}{\marg{keylist}}, desc=style},
+ }
+ These keys are variants of \refmmz{auto}, \refmmz{auto csname} and
+ \refmmz{auto key} which do not attempt to activate the command after setting
+ it up.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={
+ name=AdviceSetup,
+ par=\marg{namespace}\marg{command or environment}{\marg{setup code}}
+ }}
+ This macro is the low-level variant of key \refmmz{auto}. The differences
+ between the two are the following:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item An invocation of the macro must provide the namespace (i.e.\ the
+ installation keypath) as the first argument.
+ \item There is no automatic activation at the end of the setup.
+ \item The final argument should not be a keylist (of keys belonging to
+ \refkeypath{/mmz/auto}) but \hologo{TeX} code adjusting the contents of the
+ settings macros \refcmd{AdviceRunConditions}, \refcmd{AdviceBailoutHandler},
+ \refcmd{AdviceOuterHandler}, etc. For the full list of available macros, see
+ the documentation of their corresponding keys below; the setting macros are
+ mentioned at the end of each entry.
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=AdviceTracingOn},
+ cmd={name=AdviceTracingOff},
+ }
+ Advice tracing is initially off. When it is on, Advice will show (on the
+ terminal and in the |.log| file) which advice components are executed, and
+ what arguments and options they have received.
+\end{doc}
+
+\paragraph*{The keys installed into keypath \metabf{namespace}\texttt{/}\metabf{setup key}}
+are used to configure advice. They may only occur within the second
+argument of the setup key. In the documentation in this subsection, we assume
+that \meta{namespace}=\refkeypath{/mmz} and that \meta{setup
+ key}=\refmmz{auto}. In particular, this also applies to the reference
+headers.
+
+\begingroup
+\yadocset{keypath=/mmz/auto}
+
+\begin{doc}{%
+ key={name=run conditions, par=\meta{\hologo{TeX} code},
+ desc=initially and default: \refcmd{AdviceRuntrue}},
+ }
+
+ This key declares the \meta{control sequence} as the run conditions component
+ of the advice.
+
+ The run conditions macro is executed at the very start of the advice. Its
+ function is to decide whether we should proceed to advise the command by
+ executing the outer handler, or execute the original command (after invoking
+ the bailout handler).
+
+ The run conditions macro should take no arguments. If it determines that the
+ run conditions are satisfied, it should set the \hologo{TeX} conditional
+ \docaux{cmd}{ifAdviceRun} to true by executing \docaux{cmd}{AdviceRuntrue}.
+ There is no need to execute \docaux{cmd}{AdviceRunfalse} when the run
+ conditions are not satisfied.
+
+ Initially, the run conditions are set to \refcmd{AdviceRuntrue}, translating to
+ ``always run.'' For two non-trivial examples, see \refmmzauto{run if
+ memoization is possible} and \refmmzauto{run if memoizing}. Executing this
+ key without a value restores it to the initial value.
+
+ During advising and advice setup, the run conditions of the advised command
+ are accessible through \docaux{cmd}{AdviceRunConditions}, a parameterless
+ macro expanding to the given \meta{\hologo{TeX} code}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{%
+ key={name=bailout handler, par=\meta{\hologo{TeX} code},
+ desc=initially and default: \cs{relax}},
+ }
+
+ This key declares the \meta{\hologo{TeX} code} as the bailout handler
+ component of the advice.
+
+ The bailout handler is executed when the run conditions are not met, just prior
+ to executing the original definition of the advised command. The bailout
+ handler should take no arguments.
+
+ The initial bailout handler, |\relax|, does nothing. Memoize defines and
+ uses a bailout handler which clears the next-options. Executing this key
+ without a value restores it to the initial value.
+
+ During advising and advice setup, the bailout handler of the handled command is
+ accessible through \docaux{cmd}{AdviceBailoutHandler}, a parameterless macro
+ expanding to the given \meta{\hologo{TeX} code}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=outer handler,par=\meta{\hologo{TeX} code},
+ desc=initially and default: see below},
+ }
+
+ This key declares the \meta{\hologo{TeX} code} as the outer handler component
+ of the advice.
+
+ The outer handler can be safely imagined as the command which replaces the
+ handled command. This also holds for handled environments, but with a
+ caveat: for a \hologo{plainTeX} or \hologo{ConTeXt} environment |foo|, the
+ outer handler replaces |\foo| and |\startfoo|, respectively; in the case of a
+ \hologo{LaTeX} environment, it replaces |\begin{foo}|.%]
+
+ The outer handler is the first component which has the opportunity to inspect
+ the arguments given to the handled command. It is invoked just in front of
+ these arguments (which are, in case \hologo{TeX} hasn't seen them yet,
+ untokenized), and while it is expected that the advice will consume
+ the same arguments as the advised command itself would, how precisely that
+ happens may vary from situation to situation. In particular, the argument
+ structure of the outer handler is not prescribed.
+
+ In fact, the outer handler has complete control over the remainder of the
+ advising process. In situations where advising requires knowledge of the
+ advised command's arguments as a whole, the outer handler executes the
+ collector, which in turn invokes the inner handler, which does the real work;
+ see \refmmzauto{memoize} for the usage case which inspired this design.
+ Sometimes, however, it is the outer handler which does the real work (and
+ there is thus no inner handler). This is the case in situations when the
+ arguments of the handled command are irrelevant for the functioning of the
+ advice, or when the advice needs to inspect some individual argument of the
+ handled command; for examples of such situations, see \refmmzauto{abort} and
+ \refmmzauto{ref}.
+
+ To reiterate the argument situation of the outer handler, it sees the
+ arguments of the handled command as they were given. The arguments are
+ \emph{not} collected before invoking the outer handler --- in fact, avoiding
+ the argument collection is the raison d'être of the outer handler! (In the case
+ of an advised environment, the environment body can be seen as an argument of
+ \pkg{xparse} type \docref{xparse:+}\docref{xparse:b}.)
+
+ The outer handler (and any other component of the advice it invokes) has
+ access to the following auxiliary macros, defined by the framework:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item \tolerance 1000 the macros holding the configuration of the advised
+ command, as set up by \refmmz{auto}: \refcmd{AdviceRunConditions},
+ \refcmd{AdviceBailoutHandler} and \refcmd{AdviceOuterHandler} are probably
+ useless, as they refer to components already invoked, but the remaining
+ components (\refcmd{AdviceCollector} and \refcmd{AdviceInnerHandler}) and
+ their options (\refcmd{AdviceArgs}, \refcmd{AdviceCollectorOptions},
+ \refcmd{AdviceRawCollectorOptions} and \refcmd{AdviceOptions}) should be
+ commonly used.
+ \item the macros holding information about the namespace and the advised
+ command or environment: \refcmd{AdviceNamespace}, \refcmd{AdviceName},
+ \refcmd{AdviceReplaced} and \refcmd{AdviceOriginal}. (Command
+ \refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal} might also be useful, although using
+ \refcmd{AdviceOriginal} will likely be more practical.)
+ \end{itemize}
+
+ This key is initially set to an internal control sequence which merely
+ invokes the collector by executing \refcmd{AdviceCollector}; in other words,
+ the initial outer handler leaves all the work to the collector and the inner
+ handler. There is no need to specifically set up the outer handler when
+ using the inner handler. Executing this key without a value restores it to
+ the initial value.
+
+ During advising and advice setup, the outer handler of the advised command is
+ accessible through \docaux{cmd}{AdviceOuterHandler}, a parameterless macro
+ expanding to the given \meta{\hologo{TeX} code}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=collector,par=\meta{\hologo{TeX} code},
+ desc=initially and default: see below},
+ }
+
+ This key declares the \meta{\hologo{TeX} code} as the collector component of
+ the advice.
+
+ The collector, if used, is invoked by the outer handler. It is invoked
+ immediately in front of the advised command's arguments (which are, in case
+ \hologo{TeX} hasn't seen them yet, untokenized), and its function is to
+ collect these arguments and pass them on, as a single argument, to the inner
+ handler.
+
+ While this manual occasionally states that the initial argument collector is
+ \refcmd{CollectArguments} of package CollArgs, this is, if we're precise,
+ incorrect on two counts. For one, the initial collector is not a CollArgs
+ command, but a macro which acts as the ``bridge'' between Advice
+ and CollArgs. Second, the initial collector does not really invoke
+ \refcmd{CollectArguments}, but its cousin, \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw},
+ which allows Advice (and Memoize) to fine tune its behaviour
+ using the fast low-level (``programmer interface'') commands rather than the
+ slower \pkg{pgfkeys} interface; clearly, the latter point also provides
+ raison d'être for \refmmzauto{raw collector options}. Summing up, this key
+ is initially set to an internal control sequence which compiles the settings
+ provided by \refmmzauto{args}, \refmmzauto{collector options} and
+ \refmmzauto{raw collector options} into an invocation of
+ \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw} of package CollArgs.\footnote{The initial
+ collector also sets the CollArgs' option \refcollargs{caller} to the
+ name of the advised command or environment.} Executing this key without a
+ value restores it to the initial value.
+
+ The above-mentioned collector settings were clearly tailored to suit
+ \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw}. In general, a collector might or might not use
+ them, and if it does, it may interpret them in any way. For example, Advice
+ ships with a \refcmd{tikz} collector, \docaux{cmd}{mmzCollectTikZArguments}, which
+ ignores them completely, as it knows everything about the idiosyncrasies of
+ that command anyway. Incidentally, \refcmd{mmzCollectTikZArguments} becomes
+ available upon loading \reffile{advice-tikz.code.tex} (which Memoize does
+ automatically in the presence of \TikZ).
+
+ The collector has access to the same auxiliary macros as the outer handler.
+ In particular, it will \emph{have} to use \refcmd{AdviceInnerHandler} (followed
+ by the braced collected arguments) to invoke the inner handler.
+
+ During advising and advice setup, the collector of the advised command is
+ accessible through \docaux{cmd}{AdviceCollector}, a parameterless macro
+ expanding to the given \meta{\hologo{TeX} code}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=args,par=\meta{argument specification}, desc=initially and default: unset},
+ }
+
+ This key describes the \meta{argument specification} of the advised command.
+
+ Assuming that the initial value of \refmmzauto{collector} has not been
+ modified, the given \meta{argument specification} is eventually interpreted
+ by command \refcmd{CollectArguments} of package CollArgs, which expects an
+ argument specification in the format specified by package \pkg{xparse}; the
+ format is summarized in the frame below for convenience, for details, see the
+ \pkg{xparse} manual. If the specification is not given, the initial collector
+ assumes that the advised command was defined using \refcmd{NewDocumentCommand}
+ (or similar) of package \pkg{xparse}, and will attempt to retrieve the argument
+ specification automatically via \refcmd{GetDocumentCommandArgSpec}.
+
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[float, before float=\hfill,
+ title={The {\pkg[white]{xparse}} argument specification
+ (as understood by \refcmd[link color=white]{CollectArguments})}]
+ \begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{>{\tt}lX}
+ \multicolumn{2}{l}{\rm\textbf{Mandatory argument types}}\\
+ m&standard (a single token or multiple tokens in braces)\\
+ r\meta{token$_1$}\meta{token$_2$}&delimited by
+ \meta{token$_1$} and \meta{token$_2$} \\
+ v&verbatim, in the style of \cs{verb}\\
+ b&the body of an environment\\
+ [1ex]\multicolumn{2}{l}{\rm\textbf{Optional argument types}}\\
+ o&in square brackets\\
+ d\meta{token$_1$}\meta{token$_2$}&delimited by
+ \meta{token$_1$} and \meta{token$_2$}\\
+ s&an optional star\\
+ t\meta{token}&an optional \meta{token}\\
+ e\marg{tokens}&a set of embellishments\\
+ [1ex]\multicolumn{2}{l}{\rm\textbf{Weird argument types}}\\
+ l&a mandatory argument until the first begin-group token\\
+ u\marg{tokens}&\hologo{TeX}'s delimited argument\\
+ g&an optional argument inside braces\\
+ [1ex]\multicolumn{2}{l}{\rm\textbf{Modifiers}}\\
+ +&allow the next argument to be long\\
+ !&disallow spaces before arguments of type \docref{xparse:d} and \docref{xparse:t}\\
+ >\marg{processor}&process the next argument\\
+ [1ex]\multicolumn{2}{l}{\rm\textbf{CollArgs extensions}}\\
+ \docref{xparse:b}\marg{name}&set the environment name for this environment\\
+ \docref{xparse:amp}\marg{options}&apply CollArgs options to the next argument\\
+ \docref{xparse:amp}\docref{xparse:amp}\marg{raw options}&apply raw CollArgs options to the next argument\\
+ \end{tabularx}
+
+ \smallskip
+
+ \refcmd{CollectArguments} can grab an argument of any type in the
+ \refcollargs{verbatim} mode.
+
+ As \refcmd{CollectArguments} does not use the arguments but only collects
+ them, it does not care about the default values of optional arguments.
+ Therefore, argument types with defaults (\docref{xparse:O},
+ \docref{xparse:D} and \docref{xparse:R}) may be substituted by their
+ \texttt{-NoValue-} counterparts (\docref{xparse:o}, \docref{xparse:d} and
+ \docref{xparse:r}) and are therefore not included in the above table.
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+
+ In general, however, an argument collector may this interpret this setting it
+ in any way it sees fit --- or not at all. For example, in Memoize the value
+ of \refmmzauto{args} is ignored for command \refcmd{tikz}, which requires a special
+ collector (\refcmd{mmzCollectTikZArguments}).
+
+ When setting up advice for a \emph{command}, this key is initially
+ ``unset,'' i.e.\ it holds a special value indicating that the argument
+ specification is not provided. Note that this special value is not an empty
+ string --- \refmmzauto{args}|={}|, or simply \refmmzauto{args}|=|, indicates
+ a command which takes no arguments. During the execution of the advice, one
+ may use the \hologo{LaTeX}-style conditional
+ \docaux{cmd}{AdviceIfArgs}\marg{true branch}\marg{false branch} to test
+ whether the argument specification was provided. Executing this key without
+ a value restores it to the initial, unset value.
+
+ When setting up the advice of an \emph{environment}, this key is
+ initialized to \docref{xparse:+}\docref{xparse:b} (a long environment body),
+ making it unnecessary to specify this value manually. Note that this holds
+ even for environments with arguments other that the environment body
+ ``argument'': those arguments will be caught as the start of the body even if
+ not explicitly specified.
+
+ During advising and advice setup, the argument specification of the advised
+ command is accessible through \docaux{cmd}{AdviceArgs}, a parameterless macro
+ expanding to the given \meta{argument specification}.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=collector options, par=\marg{keylist},
+ desc={cumulative, initially empty, value required}},
+ key={name=raw collector options, par=\marg{code},
+ desc={cumulative, initially empty, value required}},
+ }
+ These keys append the given value to the list of user-friendly and raw
+ collector options, respectively. A comma is prefixed to the user-friendly
+ \meta{keylist} before appending it.
+
+ Both kinds of collector options are intended to be used by the collector,
+ which may interpret them in any way it sees fit --- or not at all. The
+ initial collector, which invokes \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw} of package
+ CollArgs, passes both lists to this command, which interprets
+ \refmmzauto{collector options} as a user-friendly \pkg{pgfkeys} keylist
+ (which therefore requires a bit of processing) and \refmmzauto{raw collector
+ options} as plain \hologo{TeX} code (expecting it to contain only the
+ allowed, ``programmer's interface'' macros).\footnote{Clearly,
+ \refmmzauto{raw collector options} are why Advice deploys
+ \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw} rather than \refcmd{CollectArguments}. But
+ how does it then pass the user-friendly \refmmzauto{collector options} to
+ that command? It embeds them in \refcmd{collargsSet}.} The raw variant is
+ used internally by both Advice and Memoize, and may be used by a package
+ deploying the advising framework which wants to save a few processing cycles.
+ In CollArgs, the two kinds of options are functionally equivalent; both are
+ documented in section~\ref{sec:ref:collargs}.
+
+ Initially, the list of collector options is empty, and for commands, so is
+ the list of raw collector options. For environments, however, the latter
+ list is initialized to set (the raw equivalent of) \refcollargs{environment}
+ to the environment name, and \refcollargs{end tag} to true. The rationale
+ for the latter is that the environment body containing the end tag (e.g.\
+ |\end{foo}|) is nicely compatible with \refcmd{AdviceReplaced} (which equals
+the begin tag, e.g.\ |\begin{foo}|) and \refcmd{AdviceOriginal} (which executes
+ the original definition of e.g.\ |\begin{foo}|). For example, thanks to
+ \refcollargs{end tag}, writing \refcmd{AdviceOriginal}|#1| in the inner
+ handler executes the original environment. Importantly, the original
+ environment can be executed without explicitly referring to the
+ environment's name, and with code that works not only for environments of
+ any \hologo{TeX} format, but is actually the same as the code which invokes
+ an original \emph{command}. Consequently, the same inner handler works for
+ both commands and environments, and in all \hologo{TeX} formats.
+
+ Furthermore, the initial collector also sets option \refcollargs{caller}
+ to the name of the advised command or environment (however,
+ \refcollargs{caller} never appears in any of the collector options
+ lists; it is simply prefixed to them while constructing the invocation of
+ \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw}). And in Memoize, using keys
+ \refmmz{verbatim}, \refmmz{verb} or \refmmz{no verbatim} triggers the
+ addition of the cognominal \refcollargs{verbatim}, \refcollargs{verb}
+ or \refcollargs{no verbatim} among the collector options.
+
+ Precious few CollArgs' options thus remain to be set by the author. For
+ memoization, the most likely candidates are \refcollargs{ignore nesting}
+ and \refcollargs{ignore other tags}, which could help deal with unusual
+ environments. Overriding the initial \refcollargs{end tag} by
+ \refcollargs{begin tag}, \refcollargs{end tag} and/or \refcollargs{tags}
+ might also be useful on occasion.
+
+ During advising and advice setup, the \pkg{pgfkeys} and the raw collector
+ options of the advised command are accessible through
+ \docaux{cmd}{AdviceCollectorOptions} and
+ \docaux{cmd}{AdviceRawCollectorOptions}, both a parameterless macro expanding
+ to the given \meta{keylist} and \meta{code}, respectively.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=clear collector options},
+ key={name=clear raw collector options},
+ }
+ These keys empty the list of user-friendly and raw collector options,
+ respectively.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=inner handler, par=\meta{\hologo{TeX} code}, long description=0.5,
+ desc=initially and default: see below},
+ }
+
+ This key declares the \meta{\hologo{TeX} code} as the inner handler component
+ of the advice.
+
+ The inner handler is intended to be used in situations which require
+ knowledge of the advised command's arguments as a whole. In such situations,
+ the outer handler will normally invoke the collector, which will in turn
+ execute the inner handler and provide it with a single (braced) argument,
+ containing the collected arguments of the advised command. See
+ \refmmzauto{memoize} for the usage case which inspired this design.
+
+ The simplest example of an inner handler is a (single-parameter) macro which
+ does nothing. Surprisingly enough, such an inner handler could be useful.
+ Defining |\def\Gobble#1{}| and setting
+ \code{\refmmz{auto}=\cs{foo}\bracestt{\refmmzauto{inner handler}=\cs{Gobble},
+ \refmmzauto{args}=\bracestt{...}}} with the argument structure
+ appropriate for |\foo| could be used to eradicate all invocations of |\foo|
+ from the document.
+
+ The inner handler has access to all the macros available to the outer
+ handler, but given that most of them have already fulfilled their function,
+ only the following will likely be useful in the inner handler:
+ \refcmd{AdviceNamespace}, \refcmd{AdviceName}, \refcmd{AdviceReplaced},
+ \refcmd{AdviceOriginal}, and \refcmd{AdviceOptions}.
+
+ Because there is clearly no reasonable default for the inner handler, this key
+ is initially set to an internal control sequence producing an ``undefined
+ inner handler'' error. Note that it is not necessary to define a dummy inner
+ handler when handling is entirely performed by the outer handler, i.e.\ in
+ cases when the inner handler is not invoked. Executing this key without a
+ value restores it to the initial value.
+
+ During advising and advice setup, the inner handler of the advised command is
+ accessible through \docaux{cmd}{AdviceInnerHandler}, a parameterless macro
+ expanding to the given \meta{\hologo{TeX} code}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=options,par=\marg{keylist},
+ desc={cumulative, initially empty, value required}},
+ key={name=clear options},
+ }
+
+ The first key appends the given \meta{keylist} to the list of advice options
+ (after prefixing it by a comma), and the second one empties this list. For a
+ \meta{key} undefined in keypath \refkeypath{/mmz/auto},
+ \meta{key}|=|\meta{value} has the same effect as
+ \refmmzauto{options}|=|\bracestt{\meta{key}=\meta{value}}.
+
+ In Memoize, the options set by this key are known as
+ \emph{auto-options} --- options which are applied (using \refcmd{mmzset}) at
+ every invocation of the advised command or environment. For example, the
+ \env{tcolorbox} environment of package \pkg{tcolorbox} is used extensively
+ for typesetting this manual, and I have submitted this environment to
+ automemoization. However, the \env{tcolorbox}es in this manual often include
+ code listings. To memoize such environments successfully, their bodies must
+ be grabbed verbatim. I have therefore submitted the \env{tcolorbox}
+ environment to automemoization like this:
+ \refmmz{auto}|={tcolorbox}|\bracestt{\refmmzauto{memoize},
+ \refmmzauto{options}=\refmmz{verbatim}}; the simpler
+ \refmmz{auto}|={tcolorbox}|\bracestt{\refmmzauto{memoize}, \refmmz{verbatim}}
+ would work as well.
+
+ In general, whether to use the options set by this key, and how, remains at
+ the sole discretion of the advice. Note that they might be used by either
+ the outer or the inner handler, or perhaps even the collector.
+
+ During advising and advice setup, the options of the advised command are
+ accessible through \docaux{cmd}{AdviceOptions}, a parameterless macro expanding
+ to the given \meta{keylist}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{key={name=reset, desc=style}}
+ Executing this key restores all \refmmz{auto} keys to their initial values.
+
+ Invoking \refmmz{auto} on the same command or environment again
+ \emph{updates} the advice configuration. Use this key to start from scratch.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{key={name=after setup, desc={initially empty, cumulative}}}
+ The code given to this key will be executed after exiting the group opened by
+ \refmmz{auto}. The same effect may be achieved by appending to macro
+ \docaux{cmd}{AdviceAfterSetup}.
+
+ For example, \refmmzauto{integrated driver} uses this key to declare a new
+ conditional.
+\end{doc}
+
+\paragraph{Commands available during the execution of advice}
+
+With the exception of \refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal}, the commands listed below
+only become available in the outer handler, and if that handler does nothing
+funky, they should be available in the collector and the inner handler, as
+well. However, once the advice yields control to foreign code, these macros
+are not guaranteed to hold the expected values anymore, because the foreign
+code might trigger another piece of advice. Consequently, these macros
+should be expanded, once, before integrating them into arbitrary (non-advice)
+code; in particular, this applies to \refcmd{AdviceOriginal}.
+
+\begin{doc}{cmd={name=AdviceNamespace}}
+ This macro holds the \meta{namespace}, i.e.\ the keypath which this instance
+ of the advising framework was installed into.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{cmd={name=AdviceName}}
+ This macro holds the name of the advised command or environment, i.e.\ the
+ name which was used as the first argument to \refmmz{auto}. For a command,
+ this will be a control sequence, e.g.\ |\foo|; for environments (in any
+ \hologo{TeX} format), their name, e.g.\ |foo|.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{cmd={name=AdviceReplaced}}
+ This macro holds the code which was replaced by the outer handler. For
+ commands, this will be the command itself, e.g.\ |\foo|, so
+ \refcmd{AdviceReplaced} will equal \refcmd{AdviceName}. For an environment
+ |foo|, \refcmd{AdviceReplaced} is set to |\begin{foo}| in \hologo{LaTeX},
+ |\foo| in \hologo{plainTeX} and |\startfoo| in \hologo{ConTeXt}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{cmd={name=AdviceOriginal}}
+ This macro executes the original code of the advised command.
+
+ This macro is defined as \refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal}\marg{namespace}\marg{name},
+ and therefore acts as a shortcut for an explicit invocation of
+ \refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal}. When executing the original command directly from
+ the advice, one may safely write \refcmd{AdviceOriginal}. However, whenever
+ \refcmd{AdviceOriginal} is embedded in code which might contain other advised
+ commands, it should be pre-expanded, exactly once.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{cmd={name=AdviceGetOriginal, par=\marg{namespace}\marg{control sequence}}}
+ This command invokes the original definition of the \meta{control sequence}
+ advised by the \meta{namespace} instantiation of Advice. It may be safely
+ used outside the advice, even if the advised command is not activated.
+
+ For example, upon executing key |/ns/|\refmmz{auto}|=\foo{...}|,
+ |\AdviceGetOriginal{/ns}{\foo}| will recall the original definition of |\foo|
+ if |\foo| is activated, and simply execute |\foo| otherwise.
+
+ The second argument of this command should \emph{not} be an environment name.
+ To execute the original environment |foo| in \hologo{TeX} or
+ \hologo{ConTeXt}, use \refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal} with the appropriate macro:
+ |\AdviceGetOriginal{/ns}{\foo}| or |\AdviceGetOriginal{/ns}{\startfoo}|. In
+ \hologo{LaTeX}, one should use |\AdviceGetOriginal{/ns}{\begin}{foo}|, which
+ executes the original \refcmd{begin} and provides it with the environment name.
+
+ Within the advice, you will probably never have to use this command directly,
+ but will rather rely on the (plain or pre-expanded) \refcmd{AdviceOriginal}.
+ However, outside the advice, this command provides the only means to
+ access the original definition of an advised command. (Unlike the
+ commands described above, this command is available throughout the
+ document.)
+
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[warning]
+ A typo in the invocation of this command may result in an infinite loop.
+ Assume that the advice for |\foo|, declared in namespace \refkeypath{/mmz},
+ executes \refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal}|{/zzm}{\foo}|, which incorrectly refers
+ to the non-existing namespace |/zzm|, and that command |\foo| is activated.
+ Executing |\foo| will eventually execute
+ \refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal}|{/zzm}{\foo}|, which won't find the original
+ definition of |\foo| in the non-existing namespace |/zzm| and will thus
+ execute macro |\foo| (again), which, being advised, will lead to another
+ \refcmd{AdviceGetOriginal}|{/zzm}{\foo}|, etc. My advice is to define an
+ abbreviation like |\def\mmzAdviceGetOriginal{\AdviceGetOriginal{/mmz}}|.
+ And note that the name\-space is a full keypath, which begins with a slash
+ (|/|), but has no slash at the end.
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+\end{doc}
+
+\paragraph{Support for specific packages}
+At the moment, Advice only implements specific support for \TikZ, by defining a
+\refmmzauto{collector} for command \refcmd{tikz}.
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ cmd={name=AdviceCollectTikZArguments},
+ }
+ This command collects the arguments in the format expected by \refcmd{tikz}, and
+ executes macro \refcmd{AdviceInnerHandler} with the collected arguments given
+ as a single braced argument. The collector supports both the group and the
+ semicolor invocation of |\tikz|, i.e.\ both |\tikz{...}| and |\tikz...;|.
+
+ This command is only available upon |\input|ting file
+ \docaux{file}{advice-tikz.code.tex}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\endgroup % keypath = /mmz/auto
+
+\subsubsection{Memoization-related additions to the advising framework}
+\label{sec:ref:advice:memoization}
+
+In section~\ref{sec:ref:advice}, we have seen that Memoize installs the
+advising framework into keypath \refkeypath{/mmz}, with setup key name
+\refmmz{auto}. This populates keypaths \refkeypath{/mmz} and
+\refkeypath{/mmz/auto} with various generic advice keys. However, Memoize
+installs further advice\slash automemoization-related keys into these keypaths.
+It is these keys which are described in this section.\footnote{One such key,
+ \refmmzauto{integrated driver}, is actually documented in
+ section~\ref{sec:ref:memoization}.}
+
+Therefore, in contrast to section~\ref{sec:ref:advice}, \refkeypath{/mmz} and
+\refmmz{auto} have no secret generic meaning here, i.e.\ they should \emph{not}
+be generalized to \meta{namespace} and \meta{setup key} of
+\refkey{/handlers/.install advice}.
+
+\paragraph{Keys residing in \refkeypath{/mmz}}
+
+\begingroup
+\setlength\textfloatsep{20pt plus 2pt minus 4pt}% back to the default
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=manual, description={preamble-only,{ }}, conditional=false},
+ }
+ When this conditional is set to true, no commands are \refmmz{activate}d at
+ the beginning of the document. The list of commands and environments advised
+ and activated out of the box can be found in Table~\ref{tab:advised-commands}.
+
+ The auto-framework allows the activation to be deferred (see
+ \refmmz{activation} and \refkey{/handlers/.install advice}) but leaves it
+ open to the specific instance of the framework to use the deferred activation
+ commands as it sees fit. Normally, Memoize switches to immediate activation
+ at the end of the preamble (hook \refmmz{begindocument/before}) and issues
+ \refmmz{activate deferred} at the beginning of the document, more precisely
+ in hook \refmmz{begindocument/end} (afterwards, \refmmz{activate deferred} is
+ emptied). However, when \refmmz{manual} is in effect, the deferred
+ activation is suppressed (though it may be still carried out by the user by
+ executing \refmmz{activate deferred}).
+
+ In \hologo{LaTeX}, \refmmz{manual} affects the (internal) activation of
+ \refcmd{begin} as well, which effectively deactivates handling of all environments.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{table}
+ \centering
+ \begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{llX}
+ \toprule
+ command/environment&handler&notes\\
+ \midrule
+ \refcmd{begin}&custom&Only in \hologo{LaTeX}; declared by Advice.\\
+ \refcmd{errmessage}&\refmmzauto{abort}&Not available in \hologo{LuaTeX},
+ where better error-detection is implemented.\\
+ \refenv{forest}&\refmmzauto{memoize}\\
+ \refcmd{Forest}&\refmmzauto{memoize}\\
+ \refcmd{index}&\refmmzauto{replicate}&The argument is expanded prior to replication.\\
+ \refcmd{label}&custom&Globally appends \refcmd{mmzLabel}\marg{label key}\marg{current label}
+ to register \refcmd{mmzCCMemo}; \refmmzauto{run if memoizing}.\\
+ \refcmd{pageref}&\refmmzauto{ref}\\
+ \refcmd[into index=false]{pdfsavepos}&\refmmzauto{abort}&Not available in \hologo{LuaTeX}.\\
+ \refcmd{pgfsys@getposition}&\refmmzauto{abort}&Available only in \TikZ is
+ loaded, it aborts memoization of a picture which gets accidentally marked as
+ ``remembered''.\\
+ \refcmd{ref}&\refmmzauto{ref}\\
+ \refcmd[short]{savepos}&\refmmzauto{abort}&Available only in \hologo{LuaTeX}.\\
+ \refcmd{tikz}&\refmmzauto{memoize}\\
+ \refenv{tikzpicture}&\refmmzauto{memoize}\\
+ \bottomrule
+ \end{tabularx}
+ \caption{Commands advised by Memoize}
+ \label{tab:advised-commands}
+\end{table}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=ignore spaces, conditional=false},
+ }
+ Ignore any spaces following \emph{auto}memoized code. This key has no effect
+ for manual memoization, i.e.\ command \refcmd{mmz} and environment
+ \refenv{memoize}.
+
+ It is common practice to conclude the definition of a command by \hologo{TeX}
+ primitive \refcmd{ignorespaces}, which consumes any following spaces, to
+ prevent unintended blank space after the command's invocation. Automemoizing
+ such a command disrupts this behaviour.\footnote{It is clear that
+ \refcmd{ignorespaces} is disrupted during utilization; in this case, the
+ original command, including the concluding \cs{ignorespaces}, is never even
+ executed. However, the disruption also occurs during memoization, and even
+ during regular compilation. In both cases, the memoized code is embedded
+ in some internal Memoize code. Therefore, the original \cs{ignorespaces}
+ does not occur directly in front of the rest of the document.} The
+ workaround is to use this key, normally as an option in the \refmmz{auto}
+ declaration; it will work both for automemoized macros and environments.
+\end{doc}
+
+\paragraph{Keys residing in \refkeypath{/mmz/auto}}
+
+\begingroup
+\yadocset{keypath=/mmz/auto}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,key={name=memoize, desc=style}}
+ This key sets up advice which triggers memoization of the command or
+ environment whenever it is encountered; we often refer to such a command as
+ ``automemoized,'' or say that it was ``submitted to automemoization.''
+
+ An automemoized command will consume the next-options, whether memoization
+ actually occurs or not.
+
+ Under the hood, this key declares both an \refmmzauto{outer handler} and an
+ \refmmzauto{inner handler}. The outer handler opens the memoization group
+ (so that options can be applied locally), applies the auto-options (given by
+ \refmmzauto{options} within \refmmz{auto}) and the next-options (given by
+ \refcmd{mmznext}) by executing \refmmzauto{apply options}, and appends the
+ verbatim keys to \refmmzauto{collector options} if necessary. The inner
+ handler invokes \refcmd{Memoize} (which closes the group opened by the outer
+ handler): the first argument is \refcmd{AdviceReplaced}, expanded once and
+ followed by the arguments of the handled command; the second argument is
+ \refcmd{AdviceOriginal}, also expanded once and followed by the arguments of
+ the handled command. The inner handler also makes sure that \refmmz{ignore
+ spaces} is respected.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,key={name=nomemoize,desc=style}}
+ This key installs advice which disables memoization for the space of the
+ command or environment; we sometimes refer to such commands as
+ ``autodisabled.''
+
+ This key is merely an abbreviation for \refmmzauto{noop}|,|
+ \refmmzauto{options}|=|\refmmz{disable}. See the documentation of
+ \refmmzauto{noop} for further details.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{key={name=noop,desc=style}}
+ This key sets up advice which does nothing.
+
+ Ok, not nothing at all. The installed handler applies the auto-options and
+ the next-options by executing \refmmzauto{apply options}, and makes sure that
+ \refmmz{verbatim} and \refmmz{ignore spaces} are respected.
+
+ For commands and non-\hologo{LaTeX} environments, this key declares the same
+ outer handler as \refmmzauto{memoize}, while the inner handler merely
+ executes the original command (respecting the potential verbatim mode),
+ closes the group opened by the outer handler, and makes sure that
+ \refmmz{ignore spaces} is respected.
+
+ For \hologo{LaTeX} environments, which open the group necessary for the local
+ application of options themselves, this key declares an outer handler which
+ adds the relevant code into the next hook |env/|\meta{environment
+ name}|/begin|. There is no need to open a group, collect the environment
+ body, or make special provisions for the verbatim mode.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{key={name=apply options,desc=style}}
+ This style, used by \refmmzauto{memoize}, \refmmzauto{nomemoize} and
+ \refmmzauto{noop} described above, installs two handlers:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item an outer handler which opens a group, applies auto-options and
+ next-options by executing \refcmd{mmzAutoInit}, and executes the collector;
+ and
+ \item a bailout handler which clears the next-options.
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{cmd={name=mmzAutoInit}}
+ This macro applies the auto-options and the next-options.
+
+ Additionally, if \refmmz{verbatim}, \refmmz{verb} or \refmmz{no verbatim} was
+ previously executed, this style appends the corresponding CollArgs key
+ (\refcollargs{verbatim}, \refcollargs{verb} or \refcollargs{no
+ verbatim}) to \refcmd{AdviceRawCollectorOptions}. In case several of the
+ verbatim keys were executed, the final one takes effect.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{easy, key={name=abort,desc=style}}
+ This key sets up advice which aborts any ongoing memoization.
+
+ Under the hood, the advice merely executes \refcmd{mmzAbort} followed by
+ \refcmd{AdviceOriginal}. The advised command does \emph{not} consume the
+ next-options. Out of the box, we submit two control sequences to this
+ handler:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item \refcmd{errmessage}: this allows us to detect and abort upon at least some
+ errors.
+ \item \refcmd[into index=false]{pdfsavepos} (in \hologo{LuaTeX},
+ \refcmd[short]{savepos}): one common effect is that memoization of any
+ \TikZ picture with \refkey{/tikz/remember picture} set is aborted.
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{key={name=unmemoizable,desc=style}}
+ This key sets up advice which aborts the ongoing memoization and marks the
+ automemoized code as unmemoizable, so that it will be henceforth compiled
+ regularly.
+
+ Under the hood, the advice merely executes \refcmd{mmzUnmemoizable} followed
+ by \refcmd{AdviceOriginal}. The advised command does \emph{not} consume the
+ next-options.
+
+ Out of the box, we submit no control sequences to this advice, but it might
+ make sense to submit \refcmd[into index=false]{pdfsavepos}\slash
+ \refcmd[short]{savepos}. Keys \refmmzauto{abort}|=|\refcmd[short]{savepos}
+ and \refmmzauto{unmemoizable}|=|\refcmd[short]{savepos} will most often have
+ the same effect, as far as the author is concerned; the former was chosen as
+ the default because it does not produce a c-memo; see
+ \refcmd{mmzUnmemoizable} for a situation where \refmmzauto{unmemoizable} is
+ preferred.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=ref,desc=style},
+ key={name=force ref,desc=style},
+ }
+
+ These keys set up advice which adds the reference key to the context
+ expression. They are intended to be used with cross-referencing commands
+ such as \refcmd{ref} and \refcmd{pageref}.
+
+ Indeed, \refcmd{ref} and \refcmd{pageref} are submitted to this advice by
+ Memoize, with the effect that standard cross-referencing inside memoized code
+ ``just works.'' Note that the stabilization of the document after changing
+ the reference takes three compilation cycles, i.e.\ one cycle more than
+ without memoization.
+
+ The advice set up by \refmmzauto{ref} aborts memoization if the reference
+ key is undefined, the rationale being that the produced memo and extern would
+ most often be useless, and could even obscure an undefined reference. The
+ \refmmzauto{force ref} handler produces the memo and the extern even when the
+ reference is undefined.
+
+ The reference produced by the advised command should be fully expandable
+ (because it will be expanded as a part of the context expression).
+
+ Typically, a \refcmd{ref} command takes a single argument, the reference key.
+ However, some packages may define a reference command which takes optional
+ arguments, as well; in particular, the \pkg{hyperref}'s incarnation of \refcmd{ref}
+ takes an optional star. This advice does not care: it will accept any number
+ of any kind of optional arguments, as long as the reference key is the first
+ braced argument following the advised command; for example, |\ref*{key}|,
+ |\ref[opt]{key}|, |\ref*[opt]{key}| etc.\ will all be handled correctly,
+ while |\ref{mand}{key}| will not work. Effectively, it is as if we had set
+ \refmmzauto{args}|=lm| --- and with the same downside, namely that an
+ unlikely unbraced single-token reference key, like |\ref k|, will not work.
+
+ Under the hood, these two pieces of advice pass the reference key to macros
+ \refcmd{mmzNoRef} and \refcmd{mmzForceNoRef}, and it is these commands ---
+ which may also be used in user-defined advice or the document itself ---
+ which actually add the reference key to the context expression.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=refrange,desc=style},
+ key={name=force refrange,desc=style},
+ }
+ These keys have the same function as \refmmzauto{ref} and \refmmzauto{force
+ ref}, but they operate on reference-range commands, such as \pkg{cleveref}'s
+ \refcmd{crefrange}, which take two arguments (the starting and the ending reference
+ key).
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{easy,
+ key={name=multiref,desc=style},
+ key={name=force multiref,desc=style},
+ }
+ These keys have the same function as \refmmzauto{ref} and \refmmzauto{force
+ ref}, but they operate on ``multireference'' commands, such as
+ \pkg{cleveref}'s \refcmd{cref}, which allow the author to list several
+ comma-separated reference keys in a single argument.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{
+ key={name=replicate, desc=style}
+ }
+ This key sets up advice which replicates the invocation of the command in
+ the cc-memo during memoization.
+
+ When using this key, it is necessary to set \refmmzauto{args} as well. For
+ \refcmd{index}, Memoize executes
+ \refmmz{auto}|=\index|\bracestt{\refmmzauto{args}=m, \refmmzauto{replicate}}.
+
+ This key takes an auto-option, \docAux{keypath=/mmz/auto/replicate,
+ key={name=expanded}}.\footnote{This option is unrelated to Memoize's options,
+ settable by \refcmd{mmzset}.} If given, the collected arguments will be
+ expanded before replicating them in the cc-memo; in \hologo{LaTeX}, this
+ expansion is |\protect|ed.
+
+ In \hologo{LaTeX}, Memoize submits \refcmd{index} to this handler (with
+ expansion). Therefore, any |\index{key}| in the memoized code gets copied
+ into the cc-memo. Effectively, indexing from within the memoized code ``just
+ works.''
+
+ Note that \refcmd{label}, despite essentially requiring replication, cannot
+ use this advice, because it needs to replicate not only the label key but
+ \refcmd{@currentlabel} as well.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{key={name=run if memoization is possible, desc=style}}
+ Under the run conditions installed by this key, a command is only advised if
+ Memoize is enabled but we're not already ``within Memoize,'' i.e.\ memoizing
+ or normally compiling some code submitted to memoization. In code:
+ \refcmd{ifmemoize}\refcmd{ifinmemoize}|\else|\refcmd{AdviceRuntrue}|\fi\fi|.
+
+ Internally, this key is used by \refmmzauto{memoize} and \refmmzauto{noop}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{key={name=run if memoizing, desc=style}}
+ Under the run conditions installed by this key, a command is only advised
+ during memoization. In code:
+ \refcmd{ifmemoize}\refcmd{ifmemoizing}\refcmd{AdviceRuntrue}|\fi\fi|.
+
+ Internally, this key is used by \refmmzauto{abort}, \refmmzauto{replicate},
+ and \refmmzauto{ref} and friends.
+\end{doc}
+
+\endgroup % keypath = /mmz/auto
+\endgroup
+
+
+
+\subsubsection{Package CollArgs}
+\label{sec:ref:collargs}
+
+\begingroup
+\yadocset{keypath=/collargs}
+
+\begin{doc}{cmd={
+ name=CollectArguments,
+ par=\oarg{options}\marg{argument specification}\marg{next-code}%
+ \textcolor{gray}{\meta{tokens}}}}
+
+ This command determines the extent to which the \meta{tokens} following the
+ the three formal arguments of the command conform to the given \meta{argument
+ specification}, effectively splitting \meta{tokens} into \meta{argument
+ tokens} and the \meta{rest} of the tokens, and then executes
+ \meta{next-code} with the \meta{argument tokens} provided as a single, braced
+ argument:
+ \begin{center}
+ \meta{next-code}\marg{argument tokens}\textcolor{gray}{\meta{rest}}
+ \end{center}
+ If the initial part of \meta{tokens} does not conform to \meta{argument
+ specification}, \refcmd{CollectArguments} throws an error. (In this case,
+ \meta{next-code} is not executed, and the \meta{tokens} collected until the
+ error are thrown away.)
+
+ The optional \meta{options} are processed using the \pkg{pgfkeys} utility of
+ PGF/\TikZ (see \PGFmanual{87}), with the default path set to
+ \docaux{key path}{collargs}. The given options apply to all the arguments in
+ \meta{argument specification}. The recognized keys are listed in the rest of
+ the section.
+
+ The \meta{argument specification} should be given in the \pkg{xparse} format
+ (we summarize this format in the documentation for \refmmzauto{args} in
+ section~\ref{sec:ref:advice}), with several extensions:\footnote{Collargs
+ internally uses a dot (|.|) to delimit the argument specification from the
+ following argument tokens. Therefore, the dot really counts as an extra
+ argument type, in the sense that Collargs will stop working if the dot
+ becomes an argument type or a modifier in some future release of
+ \pkg{xparse}.}
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item We introduce modifier \docAux{xparse modifier={name=\&,label=amp,index
+ annotation/.prefix={additional\ }, index annotation/.append={\
+ (options)} }} taking a mandatory argument specifying the options to
+ apply to the following argument in the specification. Options given here
+ override the \meta{options} given as the optional argument.
+ \item The environment body type \docAux{xparse type={name=b,index
+ annotation/.append={\ (environment body)}}} may be followed by an optional
+ \emph{braced} argument providing the name of the environment to collect.
+ The name given here overrides the name given by the
+ \refcollargs{environment} option.
+ \item The number of collected ``arguments'' is unlimited.
+ \end{itemize}
+
+ Also note that the effect of \docref{xparse:O}\marg{default} is the same as
+ the effect of \docref{xparse:o}, and similarly for other pairs of types with
+ and without defaults (\docref{xparse:R} and \docref{xparse:r},
+ \docref{xparse:D} and \docref{xparse:d}, and \docref{xparse:E} and
+ \docref{xparse:e}). CollArgs is dedicated to collecting the argument tokens
+ precisely as they are given: if an optional argument is missing, its default
+ value is \emph{not} inserted among the collected arguments --- consequently,
+ \refcmd{CollectArguments} is utterly uninterested in the default value.
+
+ Collection of environments automatically adapts to the format, i.e.\ given
+ environment body name |foo|, \refcmd{CollectArguments} knows to search for
+ \refcmd{begin}\bracestt{foo} |...| \refcmd{end}\bracestt{foo} in
+ \hologo{LaTeX}, \cs{foo} |...| \cs{endfoo} in \hologo{plainTeX}, and
+ \cs{startfoo} |...| \cs{stopfoo} in \hologo{ConTeXt}. For further
+ information on environment collection, see keys \refcollargs{ignore
+ nesting} and \refcollargs{tags}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}{cmd={
+ name=CollectArgumentsRaw,
+ par=\marg{option-setting code}\marg{argument specification}\marg{next-code}%
+ \textcolor{gray}{\meta{tokens}}}}
+
+ This command is the programmer's interface to CollArgs, intended to be used
+ instead of \refcmd{CollectArguments} when compilation speed is an issue. The
+ two commands only differ in how they deal with options.
+
+ One difference is that for \refcmd{CollectArgumentsRaw}, the options form a
+ mandatory rather than an optional argument. More importantly, however, they
+ do not take the form of a keylist, but should be composed out of low-level
+ option-setting commands. Each key documented in this section has a
+ corresponding low-level macro; these macros are listed in footnotes alongside
+ the keys. The name of the macro starts with |\collargs| and continues with
+ the name of the key, without spaces, each word capitalized; if the key is
+ boolean, this convention applies to the base of the \hologo{TeX}
+ conditional. For example,
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only, listing options app={escapechar=|}}
+\CollectArguments[caller=\foo, tags, verbatim]|\marg{argument specification}\marg{next-code}|
+ \end{tcblisting}
+ is equivalent to
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only, listing options app={escapechar=|}}
+\CollectArgumentsRaw{%
+ \collargsCaller{\foo}%
+ \collargsBeginTagtrue\collargsEndTagtrue
+ \collargsVerbatim
+}|\marg{argument specification}\marg{next-code}|
+ \end{tcblisting}
+
+ Withing the option-setting code, the programmer may also deploy macro
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsSet}, which processes the \meta{options} in the keylist
+ format. One idea could be to execute this macro at the end of the low-level
+ options; this would set the ``defaults'' using the fast programmer's
+ interface, but still allow for user customization.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi={\docaux{cmd}{collargsCaller}},
+ ]{
+ key={name=caller, par=\meta{control sequence (name)},
+ desc={no default, initially \cs{CollectArguments}}},
+ }
+ Set the control sequence to refer to in error messages.
+
+ If \meta{tokens} do not match the \meta{argument specification},
+ \refcmd{CollectArguments} throws an error. By default, the error message
+ contains a reference to \refcmd{CollectArguments} itself, for example %
+ |! Argument of \CollectArguments has an extra }.| However, this might not be
+very informative to the author. When \refcollargs{caller}|=\cs| is in effect,
+the error messages will refer to the given |\cs| instead.
+
+If the value of this key is not a control sequence, it is assumed to be an
+environment name, but as the caller must be a macro, this name will be
+converted into a control sequence. Setting \refcollargs{caller}|=foo| will
+result in error messages referencing |\foo| in \hologo{plainTeX}, |\startfoo|
+in \hologo{ConTeXt} and |\begin{foo}| (a single control sequence!) in
+ \hologo{LaTeX}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi=\docaux{cmd}{collargsEnvironment},
+ ]{key={name=environment, par=\meta{environment name},
+ desc={applicable to type \docref{xparse:b}, no default, initially empty}}
+ }
+
+ Set the name of the environment collected by argument type
+ \docref{xparse:b}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi={\docaux{cmd}{ifcollargsBeginTag}, \docaux{cmd}{ifcollargsEndTag};
+ \refcollargs{tags} has no corresponding low-level command}
+ ]{
+ key={name=begin tag, desc={applicable to type \docref{xparse:b},{ }}, conditional=false},
+ key={name=end tag, desc={applicable to type \docref{xparse:b},{ }}, conditional=false},
+ key={name=tags, par=\meta{boolean}, % not a conditional
+ desc={applicable to type \docref{xparse:b}, style, default |true|}},
+ }
+
+ When \refcollargs{begin tag}\slash \refcollargs{end tag} is in effect, the
+ begin\slash end tag will be will be prepended/appended to the collected
+ environment body. Style \refcollargs{tags} is a shortcut for setting
+ \refcollargs{begin tag} and \refcollargs{end tag} simultaneously.
+
+ In \hologo{LaTeX}, using \refcollargs{tags} will thus dress up the
+ collected body in a pair or \refcmd{begin}\marg{environment name} and
+ \refcmd{end}\marg{environment name}. CollArgs will automatically use the tags
+ appropriate to the format.
+
+ In the verbatim modes, the added tags are verbatim as well, with the detail
+ that in \hologo{LaTeX}, there is a slight difference between the full
+ \refcollargs{verbatim} and the partial \refcollargs{verb} mode. In the
+ full verbatim mode, the braces surrounding the environment name are verbatim
+ (the characters used as braces are actually determined by key
+ \refcollargs{braces}). In the partial verbatim, as well as the
+ non-verbatim mode, the environment name is surrounded by a pair of actual
+ braces of category 1 and 2, regardless of which characters are of these
+ categories in the calling code.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi=\docaux{cmd}{ifcollargsIgnoreNesting},
+ ]{
+ key={name=ignore nesting, desc={applicable to type \docref{xparse:b},{ }},
+ conditional=false},
+ }
+ When this key is \emph{not} in effect, CollArgs respects the hierarchical
+ structure created by tag pairs such as \refcmd{begin}\bracestt{foo} and
+ \refcmd{end}\bracestt{foo}. Given the situation below on the
+ left, argument type |b{foo}| will collect everything up until the
+ \emph{second} |\end{foo}|. Now this is what we usually want, because
+\hologo{LaTeX} keeps track of environment embedding as well. However, all
+\emph{verbatim} environments I know of, starting with the standard
+\hologo{LaTeX} \refenv{verbatim}, will ignore the nesting and simply scoop up
+everything up to the first \cs{end}|{verbatim}|. In CollArgs, we can replicate
+their behaviour by setting \refcollargs{ignore nesting}, as shown below on the
+right. (Of course we also need to set \refcollargs{verbatim} if we want to
+grab the environment body in the verbatim mode.)
+
+ \begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=2]
+ \begin{tcblisting}{listing only, mark region={1}{5},
+ example title=\texttt{ignore nesting=false}}
+ ...
+ \begin{foo}
+ ...
+ \end{foo}
+ ...
+\end{foo}
+ \end{tcblisting}
+ \ExampleName{_collargs-verbatim}
+ \makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+ \tcbinputexample{listing only, no attachment, mark region={1}{3},
+ example title=\texttt{ignore nesting=true}}
+ \end{tcbraster}
+
+ This key applies not only to argument type \docref{xparse:b} (in either
+ normal or verbatim mode), but also to the verbatim argument type
+ \docref{xparse:v} and to argument types \docref{xparse:m} and
+ \docref{xparse:g} in the \refcollargs{verbatim} (but not normal, or
+ \refcollargs{verb}) mode. With these keys, the relevant structure markers
+ are braces, |{| and |}|.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi=\docaux{cmd}{ifcollargsIgnoreOtherTags},
+ ]{
+ key={name=ignore other tags, desc={applicable to type \docref{xparse:b},{ }},
+ conditional=false},
+ }
+ In \hologo{LaTeX}, the environment tags, \refcmd{begin}\marg{name} and
+ \refcmd{end}\marg{name}, contain braces, which retain their usual category codes
+ in the non-verbatim and in the partial verbatim mode. Consequently, CollArgs
+ cannot easily search for the full tags to delimit the
+ environment.
+
+ When this key is \emph{not} in effect, CollArgs takes the easy path, and
+ determines the end of the environment only by inspection of \cs{begin}s and
+ \cs{end}s, without reference to what \meta{name} they begin or end. Only
+ when this key \emph{is} in effect does CollArgs inspect these \meta{name}s,
+ effectively ignoring any \cs{begin}s and \cs{end}s not followed by the name of
+ environment being collected. The effect of absence vs.\ presence of this key
+ is shown below, where the shaded area marks the code collected into
+ environment |foo|.
+
+ \begin{tcbraster}
+ \ExampleName{_collargs-ignore-other-tags}
+ \makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1 N=2}
+ \tcbinputexample{listing only, no attachment, mark region={3}{3},
+ example title=\texttt{ignore other tags=false}}
+ \tcbinputexample[.tex][.c2]{listing only, no attachment, mark region={3}{5},
+ example title=\texttt{ignore other tags=true}}
+ \end{tcbraster}
+
+ This key does not have any effect the full verbatim mode, which always
+ behaves as if this key was set to true, because braces are of category
+ ``other'' as well. Similarly, it is as if this key was always true in
+ \hologo{plainTeX} and \hologo{ConTeXt}, simply because environment tags in
+ these formats don't contain braces.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi={\raggedright
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsAppendPreprocessor},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsPrependPreprocessor},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsAppendPostprocessor},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsPrependPostprocessor}},
+ ]{
+ key={name=append preprocessor, par=\meta{code}, desc={no default}},
+ key={name=prepend preprocessor, par=\meta{code}, desc={no default}},
+ key={name=append postprocessor, par=\meta{code}, desc={no default}},
+ key={name=prepend postprocessor, par=\meta{code}, desc={no default}},
+ }
+ These keys declare processors which will transform the collected argument
+ before appending it to the argument list.
+
+ A collected argument undergoes the following transformations:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item First, the argument is processed by any \emph{pre}processors, in the
+ order indicated by |append| and |prepend|.
+ \item Next, the processed argument is dressed up in the delimiters according
+ to its type. For example, an optional argument of type \docref{xparse:o}
+ will be surrounded by square brackets.
+ \item Finally, the delimited argument is processed by any
+ \emph{post}processors, again in the order indicated by |append| and
+ |prepend|.
+ \end{itemize}
+
+ \meta{code} will typically consist of a single control sequence pointing to a
+ one-argument macro, which will receive the collected argument (possibly
+ modified by the processors already applied). In general, however, the value
+ of this key may be any code; Collargs will execute \meta{code}\marg{collected
+ argument}.
+
+ The processed argument should be returned by storing it into token register
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsArg}.
+
+ The following example illustrates how one could go about reimplementing Bruno
+ Le Floch ingenious package \pkg{cprotect}.\footnote{This example is merely a
+ proof of concept. For the bells and whistles which would make it useful in
+ real life, see the documentation of \pkg{cprotect}.} We define processor
+ |\writetofile| which dumps the argument into a file, replacing it with the
+ |\input| statement. (Of course, to allow for verbatim content in the
+ footnote, we also have to mark the argument as \refcollargs{verbatim}.
+ And we use \refcollargs{no delimiters} to get rid of the braces around the
+ footnote text.)
+
+ \ExampleName{collargs-processor}
+ \makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+ \tcbinputexample{listing and text, listing file=\examplepath.tex.c1}
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi={\docaux{cmd}{collargsClearPreprocessors},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsClearPostprocessors}},
+ ]{
+ key={name=clear preprocessors},
+ key={name=clear postprocessors},
+ }
+ Clear the list of pre- or post-processors.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi={\docaux{cmd}{collargsAppendExpandablePreprocessor},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsPrependExpandablePreprocessor},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsAppendExpandablePostprocessor},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsPrependExpandablePostprocessor}
+ },
+ ]{
+ key={name=append expandable preprocessor, par=\meta{code}, desc={no default}},
+ key={name=prepend expandable preprocessor, par=\meta{code}, desc={no default}},
+ key={name=append expandable postprocessor, par=\meta{code}, desc={no default}},
+ key={name=prepend expandable postprocessor, par=\meta{code}, desc={no default}},
+ }
+ These keys may be used to add fully expandable processors. A processor added
+ with one of these keys will end up among the processors declared by
+ \refcollargs{append preprocessor} et al.
+
+ A processor declared by one of these keys will define the processed argument
+ as the full expansion (|\edef|) of \meta{code}\marg{collected argument}.
+ \meta{code} will typically consist of a single control sequence pointing to a
+ fully expandable one-argument macro.
+
+ For example, |\trim@spaces@noexp| from package \pkg{trimspaces} could be used
+ as an expandable processor of environment body to remove the spaces around
+ the grabbed environment body.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi={\docaux{cmd}{collargsAppendPrewrap},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsPrependPrewrap},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsAppendPostwrap},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsPrependPostwrap}},
+ ]{
+ key={name=append prewrap, par=\meta{macro definition}, desc={no default}},
+ key={name=prepend prewrap, par=\meta{macro definition}, desc={no default}},
+ key={name=append postwrap, par=\meta{macro definition}, desc={no default}},
+ key={name=prepend postwrap, par=\meta{macro definition}, desc={no default}},
+ }
+ These keys add processors which transform the collected argument in a single
+ expansion.
+
+ The declared processor will use \meta{macro definition} to define a temporary
+ one-argument \meta{macro}, and then set the \meta{processed argument} to be
+ the single expansion of \meta{macro}\marg{collected argument}.
+
+ For example, to add quotes around the collected argument, write
+ \refcollargs{append prewrap}|={``#1''}| (doubling the hash when executing
+ \refcmd{CollectArguments} from a macro, of course). Or, perhaps more
+ usefully, \refcollargs{append prewrap}|={\scantokens{#1}}| can be used to
+ retokenize a verbatim argument (during the execution of the
+ \meta{next-code}).
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi=\docaux{cmd}{ifcollargsNoDelimiters}
+ ]{
+ key={name=no delimiters, conditional=false},
+ }
+ When this key is in effect, the collected argument will not be dressed up
+ into delimiters that it was dressed up in \meta{argument tokens}. For
+ example, an optional argument, encountered as [\meta{argument}] inside
+ \meta{argument tokens}, will be spit out simply as \meta{argument}.
+
+ Any user-specified pre- or post-processing will still be applied.
+ \ExampleName{collargs-nodelimiters}
+ \makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+ \tcbinputexample{comment=\input{\examplepath.tex.c1}}
+\end{doc}
+
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi={\docaux{cmd}{collargsVerbatim},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsVerb},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsNoVerbatim}.
+ To ensure the same effect as with the keys,
+ place these macros at the end of the option code},
+ ]{
+ key={name=verbatim, desc=style},
+ key={name=verb, desc=style},
+ key={name=no verbatim, desc=style},
+ }
+ Select the full verbatim, the partial verbatim, or the non-verbatim mode of
+ argument collection.
+
+ In the full \refcollargs{verbatim} mode, the arguments are collected under
+ a category code regime in which all characters are of category 12, ``other''.
+ The same goes for the partial \refcollargs{verb} mode, except that in this
+ case, the grouping characters --- usually the braces |{| and |}| --- retain
+ their usual category codes 1 and 2. Key \refcollargs{no verbatim} selects
+ the normal, non-verbatim mode.
+
+ The partial \refcollargs{verb} mode can be useful for verbatim collection
+ of an optional argument. To pass |]| as an optional argument to command
+|\foo|, we normally enclose it in braces: ˇ\foo[{~]~}]ˇ. However, if we try to
+collect |[{]}]| with \refcmd{CollectArguments}|[|\refmmz{verbatim}|]{o}|, we
+will get |{| (and most likely an error, as well), because in the
+ \refmmz{verbatim} mode, braces do not have their grouping function. Using
+ the \refmmz{verb} mode solves the problem: occuring within braces, the first
+ |]| is ``invisible'' to \refcmd{CollectArguments}|[|\refmmz{verb}|]|, so the
+optional argument is correctly recognized as ending at the second |]|.
+
+The partial \refcollargs{verb} mode is also useful for collecting the bodies
+of \emph{\hologo{LaTeX}} environments. The full \refcollargs{verbatim} mode
+will only correctly collect these bodies when the relevant \refcmd{begin}
+and\slash or \refcmd{end} control sequences are followed by the grouped
+environment name without any intervening spaces. The partial
+\refcollargs{verb} mode has no such restriction.
+
+In the verbatim modes, modifier \docref{xparse:+} has no effect. The arguments
+are always collected as if they were long.
+
+To correctly collect arguments in the verbatim modes, CollArgs has to mimic the
+many details of \hologo{TeX}'s tokenization and argument delineation. These
+details depend on the category code regime, and CollArgs automatically adapts
+to the ``outside'' category code regime, i.e.\ the regime in effect at the time
+of invoking \refcmd{CollectArguments}. In particular, CollArgs remembers which
+characters were of category codes 0, 1, 2, 5, 10 and 11, and adapts the
+argument collection accordingly. For example, it will correctly pick up a
+control sequence as a single-token \docref{xparse:m}-type (\hologo{TeX}'s undelimited)
+argument even when it begins with a non-standard character of category code 0.
+The single caveat is that only a single pair of characters can function as the
+grouping characters in the full verbatim mode; to compensate for the
+deficiency, this character pair is customizable via key
+\refcollargs{braces}.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi={\docaux{cmd}{collargsFixFromVerbatim},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsFixFromVerb},
+ \docaux{cmd}{collargsFixFromNoVerbatim}},
+ ]{
+ key={name=fix from verbatim, desc=style},
+ key={name=fix from verb, desc=style},
+ key={name=fix from no verbatim, desc=style},
+ }
+ Key \refcollargs{fix from no verbatim} should be used when the first
+ argument should be collected in a verbatim mode, but the outside code has
+ already tokenized the first character of the subsequent input stream (most
+ probably by a |\futurelet|) in the non-verbatim category code regime. Using
+ this key will trigger a CollArgs' ``mode transition'' (described below) which
+ will fix the situation. (This key is used in the implementation of
+ \refcmd{mmz}.)
+
+ The other two keys should be used in the unlikely reverse situation, where
+ the outside code has tokenized the following character in a verb(atim) mode,
+ while CollArgs is requested to collect the first argument in the non-verbatim
+ mode.
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi=\docaux{cmd}{collargsBraces}
+ ]{
+ key={name=braces, par={\meta{begin-group char}\meta{end-group char}},
+ desc={no default, for details see below}},
+ }% here
+ This key sets the verbatim begin-group and end-group characters. The setting
+ affects collection of argument types \docref{xparse:m}, \docref{xparse:g},
+ \docref{xparse:v}, \docref{xparse:l}, \docref{xparse:e} and (in
+ \hologo{LaTeX}) \docref{xparse:b} in the \emph{full} verbatim
+ mode.\footnote{The choice of the verbatim grouping characters also affects
+ the effect of \refcollargs{begin tag} and\slash or \refcollargs{end tag};
+ see the documentation of these keys for details.}
+
+ For example, in the non-verbatim and the partial verbatim mode, an
+ \docref{xparse:m}-type argument may be delimited by any characters of
+ category code 1 (``begin-group'') and 2 (``end-group''). In the full
+ verbatim mode, there are of course no characters of these categories, so
+ CollArgs internally assigns the grouping function to some pair of characters.
+ When entering the full verbatim mode, CollArgs automatically sets the
+ verbatim grouping characters to characters which were of categories 1 and 2
+ in the ``outside'' category code regime, i.e.\ the regime in effect at the
+ time of invoking \refcmd{CollectArguments}. However, in contrast to
+ \hologo{TeX}'s internal argument parser, only one pair of characters may
+ serve as the begin-group and the end-group character in CollArgs' full
+ verbatim mode. In case multiple characters were of category 1 or 2 on the
+ outside, CollArgs therefore has to make a choice, and it chooses the
+ candidate with the lowest character code. This choice may be overridden by
+ the user by invoking key \refcollargs{braces}; the user may even choose
+ characters which did not belong to categories 1 and 2 in the outside regime.
+
+ When \meta{begin-group char} and \meta{end-group char} are of categories 1
+ and 2 in the outside category regime, they must be enclosed in a triple
+ group. For example, if both |()| and |{}| have the grouping function on the
+ outside, and the user wants to select |{}| as the verbatim grouping
+ characters (CollArgs would go for |()|, as this pair has lower character
+ codes), the correct way to invoke this key is |braces={{{{}}}}| or
+ |braces=((({})))|. \footnote{This complication is due to the details of
+ \pkg{pgfkeys}' keylist processing, and does not apply to
+ \refcmd{collargsBraces}.}
+\end{doc}
+
+\begin{doc}[
+ pi=\docaux{cmd}{collargsVerbatimRanges}
+ ]{
+ key={name=verbatim ranges,
+ par={\bracestt{\meta{from}\texttt{-}\meta{to}(\texttt{,} \meta{from}\texttt{-}\meta{to})*}},
+ desc={no default, initially \texttt{0-255}}},
+ }
+ If run under the \hologo{pdfTeX} or \hologo{XeTeX} engine, this key
+ determines which characters will be assigned category code 12 in the verbatim
+ mode. In \hologo{pdfTeX}, the range should remain at the initial |0-255|,
+ but in \hologo{XeTeX}, some rare situations might require extending this
+ range (don't attempt to set the full range of |0-1114111|, as this would be
+ very slow and you would most likely run out of save stack).
+
+ In \hologo{LuaTeX}, we switch the category code regime using category code
+ tables, so this key has another meaning: it determines the range in which
+ CollArgs will scan for characters of category codes 1, 2 and 14, whose
+ identity it needs to know, for internal reasons.
+\end{doc}
+
+
+
+\paragraph{Mode transition limitations}
+
+\refcmd{CollectArguments} has some minor limitations regarding the transition
+from a verbatim into non-verbatim mode, or vice versa. The gist of the issue
+is best illustrated with the optional argument type \docref{xparse:o} collected
+in the verbatim mode. CollArgs determines whether an argument of this type is
+present by peeking ahead (using \hologo{TeX}'s |\futurelet| primitive) into the
+input stream. If the argument is present (i.e.\ if the input stream continues
+with an open bracket, |[|%]
+), all is well. But when the optional argument is absent, the peek-ahead will
+tokenize the following character, which presents a problem when no more
+arguments are present in the input stream, like in the example below, where the
+verbatim \docref{xparse:o} is the (only and) final type in the argument
+specification. In this case, the peek-ahead ``incorrectly'' assigns category
+code 12 (``other'') to the first |$|. %$
+This character was intended to be tokenized as the math shift character of
+category 3, to start the math mode after \refcmd{CollectArguments} is finished,
+but having been assigned category code 12, it cannot perform this function,
+resulting in error |! Missing $ inserted| %$
+once \hologo{TeX} encounters the superscript character |^|.
+
+\ExampleName{collargs-transition-ok}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\tcbinputexample{sidebyside, lefthand ratio=0.6,
+ comment=\input{\examplepath.tex.c1}}
+
+Well --- this is what \emph{would} happen if CollArgs didn't address the
+transition issue described above. In fact, the above example compiles just
+fine, because CollArgs \emph{does} address this issue, but unfortunately,
+certain transition problems simply cannot be resolved --- read on to learn what
+can go wrong.
+
+For example, you can typeset the name of the document author via
+\hologo{LaTeX}'s internal command |\@author|, but to use this command in the
+document, you have to precede it by |\makeatletter|. As shown by the first
+line of the example below, this works rather nicely: |\makeatletter| sets the
+category code of |@| to 11 (``letter''), so |@| may help form the control word
+|\@author| --- importantly, |\makeatletter| sets the category code of |@|
+\emph{before} control sequence |\@author| is constructed, even if it precedes
+it immediately.
+
+\ExampleName{collargs-transition-cs}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\long\def\ShowArgs#1{Collected: ``{\color{red}\tt\detokenize{#1}}''}
+\tcbinputexample{comment=\input{\examplepath.tex.c1}}
+
+In the second line of the example, our clever invocation of |\@author| is
+immediately preceded by a call to \refcmd{CollectArguments}, which tries to
+collect a verbatim argument of type \docref{xparse:o}. It doesn't find it, which results in
+the wrong, verbatim tokenization of the escape character of |\makeletter|.
+CollArgs realizes the problem and tries to fix it. But while it is searching
+for the end of control sequence |\makeletter| (which it successfully
+constructs), it triggers the tokenization of what follows --- which, as |@| is
+at that point of category 12 (``other''), yields the control symbol |\@| (later
+followed by word ``author'', typeset in the example).
+
+In short, the solution has created another, delayed instance of the problem ---
+an instance which cannot be addressed any further. But we're nevertheless
+better off, as this particular issue will bite only in the case when the
+``corrupted'' control sequence immediately following the invocation
+\refcmd{CollectArguments} changes category codes in a way that affects the
+tokenization of what immediately follows it.
+
+This was an example of what can go wrong in the transition from the
+\meta{argument tokens} to the \meta{rest} of the tokens following an invocation
+of \refcmd{CollectArguments}. As the ``outside world'' is non-verbatim, this
+transition can only be problematic if the argument which corrupted the first of
+the \meta{rest} tokens was verbatim, so if the transition was from the verbatim
+to the non-verbatim mode. Such a transition can also occur within the
+\meta{argument tokens}, but the good news here is that CollArgs successfully
+solves any problems that occur there, so you should only worry about the
+end-of-arguments situation.
+
+The other direction of the transition, from the non-verbatim to the verbatim
+mode, however, can affect both the internal and the external transitions. Let
+us illustrate the problem with the internal transition. Say you want to
+collect an optional argument (\docref{xparse:o}) in the non-verbatim mode, and
+then a mandatory argument (\docref{xparse:m}) in (either full or partial)
+verbatim mode. In the first invocation of \refcmd{CollectArguments} below, the
+optional argument is present, and we get what we expect: the percent sign is
+collected, verbatim, into the mandatory argument. In the second invocation,
+however, the percent character retains its usual commenting function ---
+despite the fact that we have requested verbatim mode for the mandatory
+argument --- which results in the group in the second line being picked up as
+the mandatory argument. Again, this happens because CollArgs has to peek ahead
+in the input stream when determining whether the optional argument is present.
+Having requested non-verbatim mode for the optional argument, the peeking is
+performed in the non-verbatim mode, and as the optional argument is not
+present, it finds the comment character, which fulfills its regular function of
+disappearing along with the rest of the line. Once CollArgs sets to find the
+(verbatim) mandatory argument, the rest of the line is already gone, so it
+searches for, and finds, this argument in the next line.
+
+\ExampleName{collargs-transition-comment}
+\makeexample{\examplename.tex.c1}
+\long\def\ShowArgs#1{Collected: ``{\color{red}\tt\detokenize{#1}}''}
+\tcbinputexample{listing and text}
+
+Nothing can be done here --- commenting deletes information, irrevocably ---
+and in a similar fashion, nothing can be done to catch a verbatim end-of-line
+character when preceded by an absent optional argument in the non-verbatim mode
+(because it was already tokenized into a space token).
+
+Finally, the transition issues are not limited to transits from argument type
+\docref{xparse:o}. The full list of argument types which give rise to
+transition problems (when transiting \emph{from} arguments of these types) is
+as follows: \docref{xparse:o}, \docref{xparse:d}, \docref{xparse:s},
+\docref{xparse:t}, \docref{xparse:g}, \docref{xparse:e}.
+
+
+\endgroup % /collargs
+
+
+\section{Varia}
+
+\subsectionclearpagefalse
+
+\subsection{Known issues}
+\label{sec:known-issues}
+
+\paragraph*{Bitmap graphics export} is coming up in the next release of the
+package.
+
+
+\paragraph{Disappearing errors}
+If a non-fatal internal \hologo{TeX} error occurs during memoization, the memos
+and externs may be nevertheless produced and utilized in subsequent
+compilations. In such a case, the erroneous code won't be compiled again, and
+therefore won't yield any errors, giving the mistaken impression that the code
+is error-free.
+
+This problem does not apply to errors which trigger \refcmd{errmessage},
+because that control sequence is advised by \refmmzauto{abort}.
+Note that internal \hologo{TeX} errors like |Undefined control sequence| are
+\emph{not} reported through \refcmd{errmessage}, and will therefore cause the
+issue.
+
+This problem does not affect \hologo{LuaTeX}, because this engine allows
+Memoize to detect errors and abort memoization if it encounters any.
+
+
+\paragraph{A minimal issue with \hologo{XeLaTeX}}
+If the very first page of a document of class |minimal|, compiled by
+\hologo{XeLaTeX}, happens to be an extern page, we have a problem: all the
+regular pages of the document will be of the same size as that extern page.
+\hologo{pdfLaTeX} and \hologo{LuaLaTeX} do not exhibit this behaviour, nor do
+\hologo{LaTeX} classes other than |minimal|, even when compiled with
+\hologo{XeLaTeX}.
+
+
+\paragraph{CollArgs}
+
+Due to an unfortunate design decision, CollArgs does not accept a dot |.| as
+the \meta{token} argument of types, \docref{xparse:r}, \docref{xparse:R},
+\docref{xparse:d}, \docref{xparse:D}, and \docref{xparse:t}. Furthermore,
+\refcollargs{append prewrap} and friends (and their macro counterparts) do not
+accept a parameter symbol consistently. These issues will be fixed in the next
+release.
+
+
+\subsection{Troubleshooting}
+\label{sec:troubleshooting}
+
+\paragraph{Extern extraction does not work}
+\label{sec:fadings-problem}
+\label{sec:loading-order}
+
+If the internal extern extraction does not work, you should have gotten one of
+the following warnings:
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item \code{Package memoize Warning: Extraction of externs from document
+ "\meta{jobname}.pdf" using method "perl" was unsuccessful. Have you set the
+ shell escape mode as suggested in chapter 1 of the manual?}
+
+ This warning is thrown when the extraction log \meta{jobname}|.mmz.log|,
+ which should be produced by the extraction script, is incomplete, i.e.\ it
+ does not finish by |\endinput|.\footnote{The extraction log will never be
+ absent, because Memoize clears it before executing the extraction script
+ --- and clearing it creates it if it doesn't exist.} The most likely
+ reason is that the script was not executed at all, so the question asked in
+ the warning message is pertinent. However, if all is well with the
+ shell-mode, you have a mystery at your hands. To gather information, I
+ suggest inspecting:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item \meta{jobname}|.log| --- search for \code{runsystem(memoize-extract.pl
+ ...)}, it will tell you whether the script was executed;
+ \item the terminal output --- if the script was executed, it should've
+ announced itself by \code{Extracting externs from \meta{jobname}.pdf}; are
+ there any further messages between this header and the warning message?
+ \item \meta{the path to the extern}|.log|, if you are using the
+ \hologo{TeX}-based extraction (\code{\refmmz{extract}=\refmmz{extract=tex}}).
+ \end{itemize}
+ \hologo{TeX}-based extraction will yield this error even in the case of a
+ missing or corrupted PDF, i.e.\ in
+ case~\ref{item:warning:extract:cannot-read} below.
+
+\item\label{item:warning:extract:cannot-read}
+ \code{Package memoize (perl-based extraction) Warning: Cannot read file
+ "\meta{jobname}.pdf". Perhaps you have to load Memoize earlier in the
+ preamble?}
+
+ Embedded extern extraction requires an intact document PDF from the previous
+ compilation, so Memoize must be loaded before the document PDF is opened for
+ writing the results of the ongoing compilation. In particular, the PDF is
+ opened by \PGF library |fadings|, included by \TikZ's libraries |fadings|
+ and |shadows|, so Memoize must be loaded before any of these libraries.
+
+ With \pkg{beamer}, the problem is particularly acute because the PDF is
+ opened while loading the class. In this case, simply moving
+ |\usepackage{memoize}| up the preamble, as suggested, won't help: you have to
+ write |\RequirePackage{memoize}| \emph{before} |\documentclass{beamer}|!
+
+\item\label{item:warning:extract:unexpected-size} \code{Package memoize
+ (perl-based extraction) Warning: I refuse to extract page $n$ from
+ "\meta{jobname}.pdf", because its size ($\meta{width}\times\meta{height}$)
+ is not what I expected\\ ($\meta{expected width}\times\meta{expected
+ height}$)}
+
+ If the compilation which produced the offending extern pages yielded any
+ errors, you should probably disregard this warning, fix the errors, and
+ compile again. Otherwise, you have somehow winded up with mismatched
+ \meta{jobname}|.pdf| and \meta{jobname}\dmmz (the latter file contains
+ instructions on which pages to extract, complete with the expected
+ dimensions). Are you sure that they were produced by the same compilation,
+ and have remained untouched since? Are you perhaps trying to perform the
+ extraction the second time, after the first extraction
+ \refscript{memoize-extract.pl--prune}d the PDF?
+
+ If the warning stubbornly persists, but you are sure that the page the script
+ is refusing to extract is correct, you can force the extraction by adding
+ option \refscript{memoize-extract.pl--force} to the script invocation, which
+ can be set by \refmmz{perl extraction options}. However, as such a situation
+ probably indicates a bug in Memoize, please let me know about it.
+\item\code{\myfontexpansionon Invalid dictionary key at
+ /.../perl5/site\_perl/PDF/API2/Basic/PDF/File.pm line $N$\myfontexpansionoff}
+
+ This can sometimes happen when extracting with the Perl-based script. The
+ issue might be related to PDF version --- by default, \hologo{TeX} produces
+ PDFs of version 1.5, while the PDF library
+ \hreftt{https://metacpan.org/pod/PDF::API2}{PDF::API2} officially only
+ supports versions up to 1.4 --- but I'm afraid I haven't identified the exact
+ circumstances yet. Possibly, the externalizing a picture containing an
+ embedded PDF file might be the culprit. The workaround is to use Python- or
+ \hologo{TeX}-based extraction, i.e.\ load Memoize with package option
+ \refmmz{extract}|=|\refmmz{extract=python} or
+ \refmmz{extract}|=|\refmmz{extract=tex}.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+The failure to extract externs intentionally doesn't result in an error,
+because what if you deleted the document PDF on purpose? At any rate, the
+compilation will succeed, it's just that as Memoize cannot extract the externs,
+they will be produced, and dumped into your document, at each and every
+compilation.
+
+\paragraph{An extern won't be included}
+
+Did you receive a warning or error message?
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item \code{Package memoize Warning: Unexpected size of extern "\meta{extern
+ path}.pdf"; expected\\ $\meta{expected width}\times\meta{expected
+ height}$, got $\meta{width}\times\meta{height}$}
+
+ This warning is related to warning~\ref{item:warning:extract:unexpected-size}
+ above, only that it occurs once the extern is extracted. The same
+ investigative methods apply.
+\item \code{!pdfTeX error: pdflatex (file \meta{extern path}.pdf): reading
+ image file failed}
+
+ This is a fatal error. The extern file got corrupted, somehow ---
+ inexistent, or even empty, extern files merely trigger recompilation.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+If there was no warning or error --- are you certain that Memoize is
+\refmmz{enable}d, and that it is not in the \refmmz{recompile} mode? Remember
+that these settings can also apply only to a part of the document; search for
+any stray \refcmd{mmzset} or \refcmd{mmznext} commands.
+
+
+\paragraph*{Warnings about duplicate labels, indices, etc.} may be safely
+disregarded.
+
+Externalization causes any (non-immediate) |\write| commands in the extern to
+be executed twice, once upon the shipout of the regular page, and once upon the
+shipout of the extern page. This results in warnings about doubly defined
+labels, hyperreferences, indices, etc. For example, you might get
+\texttt{LaTeX Warning: Label `<name>' multiply defined} or \texttt{warning (pdf
+ backend): ignoring duplicate destination with the name '<name>'}. You can
+safely disregard these warnings; they will disappear once the extern is
+utilized.
+
+
+\paragraph{Memoization was aborted}
+
+This warning means that either:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item you are trying to (auto)memoize a \refenv{tikzpicture} with
+ \refkey{/tikz/remember picture} set, or more generally, some code which
+ contains \refcmd{savepos} --- this can't be done, see
+ section~\ref{sec:tut:good-to-know}; or
+\item an error occurred during memoization --- in this case, Memoize cowardly
+ refuses to proceed with memoization, see section~\ref{sec:known-issues} for
+ details.
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+\subsection{License}
+
+Copyright \textcopyright\ 2020- Sašo Živanović.
+
+This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+\hologo{LaTeX} Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or
+(at your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is
+in \url{https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt} and version 1.3 or later is
+part of all distributions of \hologo{LaTeX} version 2008 or later.
+
+This work comprises of the sources, generated files, accompanying scripts,
+auxiliary files and scripts, documentation, documentation sources, examples and
+example sources of packages |memoize|, |nomemoize|, |memoizable|, |auto| and
+|collargs|. The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+\meta{texmf}|/doc/generic/memoize/FILES|.
+
+This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained.' The Current Maintainer
+of this work is Sašo Živanović. The work is available on CTAN
+at \url{https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize} and on GitHub
+at \url{https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize}.
+
+
+\subsection{Changelog}
+
+\newcommand\githubrelease[2]{%
+ \href{https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize/releases/tag/#2}{#1 #2}%
+}
+\begin{description}
+\item[\githubrelease{2020/07/17}{v0.1}]
+ The proof-of-concept, available only at GitHub.
+\item[\githubrelease{2023/10/10}{v1.0.0}]
+ A complete, fully documented reimplementation.
+\end{description}
+
+\subsection{Acknowledgments}
+
+First and foremost, my gratitude goes to Stefan Müller of Language Science
+Press for his encouragement and patience --- without him, this package might've
+remained an idea forever!
+
+But there were others as well. Shunsaku Hirata of the \hologo{XeTeX} team
+promptly resolved an issue with forward references in |xdvipdfmx|, and thereby
+made Memoize work with \hologo{XeTeX}. Joseph Wright kindly didn't object to
+me misappropriating \pkg{etoolbox} for other formats. Petra Rübe-Pugliese
+(CTAN) and Karl Berry (\hologo{TeX}Live) offered good advice on packaging the
+package; I would never get to call Advice Advice without their advice. Karl
+also performed a security review of the extraction scripts, providing some very
+useful comments along the way, and agreed to include the scripts among the
+shell escape commands allowed in \hologo{TeX}Live.
+
+Thank you all!
+
+
+\printindex
+
+\end{document}
+
+
+% Local Variables:
+% TeX-engine: luatex
+% TeX-master: t
+% End:
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/doc/yadoc.sty b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/yadoc.sty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c069b11f55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/doc/yadoc.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,491 @@
+%% yadoc.sty
+%%
+%% This file is a part of Memoize, a TeX package for externalization of
+%% graphics and memoization of compilation results in general, available at
+%% https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize.
+%%
+%% Copyright (c) 2020- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+%% (Sa\v{s}o \v{Z}ivanovi\'{c})
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+%% LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+%% your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+%% https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+%% all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+%% The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+%%
+%% The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+%% (<texmf>/doc/generic/memoize/)FILES.
+
+\RequirePackage{tcolorbox}
+%\tcbuselibrary{listings,documentation,xparse,raster,hooks,breakable}
+\tcbuselibrary{raster,skins}
+
+\RequirePackage{etoolbox}
+
+\newif\ifyadoc@into@index
+\newif\ifyadoc@index@gather
+\newif\ifyadoc@index@colorize@names
+\newif\ifyadoc@ref@page
+\newif\ifyadoc@show@keypath
+
+\newcommand\yadocset[1]{\pgfqkeys{/yadoc}{#1}\ignorespaces}
+
+\yadocset{
+ cmd item/.style={
+ name prefix=\textbackslash,
+ label prefix=cmd,
+ },
+ key item/.style={
+ name prefix={\ifdefempty{\yadoc@keypath}{}{%
+ \ifyadoc@show@keypath
+ \textcolor
+ {\yadoc@name@color!\yadoc@keypath@color@opacity}%
+ {\yadoc@keypath/}%
+ \fi
+ }%
+ },
+ ref prefix={\protect\ifyadoc@show@keypath\yadoc@keypath/\protect\fi},
+ index prefix=,
+ parameters prefix={\texttt{=}},
+ label prefix:=key:\yadoc@keypath@label/,
+ index annotation={key\ifdefempty{\yadoc@keypath}{}{ in \texttt{\yadoc@keypath}}},
+ },
+ env item/.style={
+ head prefix={\texttt{\cs{begin}\{}},
+ head infix={\}},
+ head suffix={%
+ \par\strut{\ttfamily\nobreakspace\nobreakspace}\meta{environment body}%
+ \par\strut\texttt{\cs{end}\{\yadoc@do@name\}}},
+ index annotation=environment,
+ label prefix=env,
+ },
+ register item/.style={
+ name prefix=\textbackslash,
+ label prefix=reg,
+ index annotation=register,
+ },
+ file item/.style={
+ index annotation=file,
+ label prefix=file,
+ },
+ value item/.style={
+ index annotation={value of
+ {\docref[show keypath,into index=false,link color=gray]{\yadoc@of}}},
+ label prefix:={\yadoc@of=},
+ },
+ scope/.code={%
+ \begingroup
+ \pgfkeysalso{#1}%
+ \endgroup
+ },
+ generic item/.style={
+ label prefix:=,
+ },
+ %
+ raster options/.style={},
+ before body/.store in=\yadoc@before@body,
+ after body/.store in=\yadoc@after@body,
+ left/.dimstore in=\yadoc@left,
+ right/.dimstore in=\yadoc@right,
+ left indent/.dimstore in=\kvtcb@doc@indentleft,
+ right indent/.dimstore in=\kvtcb@doc@indentright,
+ name/.store in=\yadoc@name,
+ name/.append style={label={#1}, index={#1}, sort index={#1}},
+ parameters/.store in=\yadoc@parameters,
+ description/.store in=\yadoc@description,
+ label/.store in=\yadoc@label,
+ label prefix:/.store in=\yadoc@label@prefix,
+ label prefix/.style={label prefix:={#1:}},
+ name font/.store in=\yadoc@name@font,
+ name color/.store in=\yadoc@name@color,
+ name prefix/.store in=\yadoc@name@prefix,
+ name suffix/.store in=\yadoc@name@suffix,
+ name prefix/.append style={index prefix={#1}, ref prefix={#1}},
+ name suffix/.append style={index suffix={#1}, ref suffix={#1}},
+ parameters font/.store in=\yadoc@parameters@font,
+ parameters prefix/.store in=\yadoc@parameters@prefix,
+ parameters suffix/.store in=\yadoc@parameters@suffix,
+ keypath/.store in=\yadoc@keypath,
+ keypath label/.store in=\yadoc@keypath@label,
+ keypath/.append style={keypath label={#1}},
+ keypath color opacity/.store in=\yadoc@keypath@color@opacity,
+ show keypath/.is if=yadoc@show@keypath,
+ index/.store in=\yadoc@index,
+ index prefix/.store in=\yadoc@index@prefix,
+ index suffix/.store in=\yadoc@index@suffix,
+ index annotation/.initial=,
+ index font/.store in=\yadoc@index@font,
+ index annotation font/.store in=\yadoc@index@annotation@font,
+ sort index/.store in=\yadoc@sort@index,
+ index colorize names/.is if=yadoc@index@colorize@names,
+ index page number format/.store in=\yadoc@index@page@number@format,
+ index gather/.is if=yadoc@index@gather,
+ index command/.store in=\yadoc@index@command,
+ index actual/.store in=\yadoc@index@actual,
+ index quote/.store in=\yadoc@index@quote,
+ index level/.store in=\yadoc@index@level,
+ index encapsulator/.store in=\yadoc@index@encapsulator,
+ see/.initial=,
+ ref font/.store in=\yadoc@ref@font,
+ ref prefix/.store in=\yadoc@ref@prefix,
+ ref suffix/.store in=\yadoc@ref@suffix,
+ head prefix/.store in=\yadoc@head@prefix,
+ head infix/.store in=\yadoc@head@infix,
+ head suffix/.store in=\yadoc@head@suffix,
+ phrases/.code={\pgfqkeys{/yadoc/phrases}{#1}},
+ phrases/.unknown/.code={\csdef{yadoc@phrases@\pgfkeyscurrentname}{#1}},
+ ref page/.is if=yadoc@ref@page,
+ of/.store in=\yadoc@of,
+ link color/.code={\hypercolor{link}{#1}},
+ long description/.style={% for do/def
+ head/.append style={
+ sidebyside gap=1em,
+ lefthand ratio=#1,
+ },
+ },
+ long description/.default=0.6,
+ %
+ .unknown/.code={%
+ \pgfkeysifdefined{/yadoc/\pgfkeyscurrentname\space item/.@cmd}{%
+ \begingroup
+ \expandafter\pgfkeysalso\expandafter{%
+ \pgfkeyscurrentname\space item,
+ before,#1,after,
+ do
+ }%
+ \endgroup
+ }{%
+ \PackageError{yadoc}{Unknown item "\pgfkeyscurrentname"}%
+ {Perhaps you have misspelled an option name?}%
+ }%
+ },
+ before/.code={},
+ after/.code={},
+ do/.is choice,
+ ref options/.style={
+ show keypath=false,
+ },
+ def options/.style={
+ show keypath,
+ },
+ aux options/.style={
+ show keypath=false,
+ },
+ foreign options/.style={
+ show keypath=false,
+ cmd item/.append style={index annotation=command},
+ },
+ index options/.code=,
+ into index/.is if=yadoc@into@index,
+ print/.is if=yadoc@printref,
+}
+
+\NewDocumentEnvironment{doc}{O{}m}{%
+ \begin{list}{}{%
+ \setlength{\leftmargin}{\yadoc@left}%
+ \setlength{\itemindent}{0pt}%
+ \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}%
+ \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}%
+ \setlength{\rightmargin}{\yadoc@right}%
+ }%
+ \item
+ \begin{tcboxedraster}[
+ raster columns=1,
+ raster row skip=0pt,
+ raster before skip=0pt,
+ raster after skip=0pt,
+ raster force size=false,
+ /yadoc/raster options
+ ]{blankest,
+ before skip=1\baselineskip plus 6\baselineskip minus .5\baselineskip,
+ after skip=0pt plus 2pt minus .5\baselineskip,%
+ #1%
+ }%
+ \yadocset{do/.default=def,def options,#2}%
+ \end{tcboxedraster}
+ \nopagebreak
+ \yadoc@before@body\relax
+ \nopagebreak
+ \ignorespaces
+}{%
+ \ifvmode\else\unskip\fi
+ \yadoc@after@body\relax
+ \end{list}%
+}
+
+\newcommand\docaux[2]{%
+ \begingroup
+ \yadocset{do/.default=aux,aux options,#1={name={#2}}}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+\newcommand\docAux[1]{%
+ \begingroup
+ \yadocset{do/.default=aux,aux options,#1}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+\newcommand\docForeign[1]{%
+ \begingroup
+ \yadoc@hyperreffalse
+ \yadocset{do/.default=foreign,foreign options,#1}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+\newcommand\docindex[1]{%
+ \begingroup
+ \yadoc@hyperreffalse
+ \yadocset{do/.default=index,index options,#1}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+\yadocset{
+ do/def/.code={%
+ \begin{tcolorbox}[%
+ blank,
+ colback=white, colframe=white,
+ code={%
+ \tcbdimto\tcb@temp@grow@left{\yadoc@left}%
+ \tcbdimto\tcb@temp@grow@right{\yadoc@right}%
+ },
+ grow to left by=\tcb@temp@grow@left,
+ grow to right by=\tcb@temp@grow@right,
+ sidebyside, sidebyside align=top, sidebyside gap=-\tcb@w@upper@real,
+ force nobeforeafter,
+ phantom=\phantomsection,
+ /yadoc/head,
+ ]%
+ \yadoc@head@prefix
+ \yadoc@do@name
+ \yadoc@do@index
+ \yadoc@do@label
+ \yadoc@head@infix
+ \yadoc@do@parameters
+ \yadoc@head@suffix
+ \yadoc@do@description
+ \end{tcolorbox}
+ \nopagebreak
+ },
+ do/aux/.code={%
+ \yadoc@do@name
+ \yadoc@do@index
+ \yadoc@do@label
+ },
+ do/foreign/.code={%
+ \yadoc@do@label
+ },
+ do/index/.code={%
+ \yadoc@do@label
+ \yadoc@do@index
+ },
+}
+
+\def\yadoc@do@name{%
+ \begingroup
+ \yadoc@name@colorize{%
+ \yadoc@name@font
+ \strut\yadoc@name@prefix\yadoc@name\yadoc@name@suffix\strut
+ }%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+\def\yadoc@do@index{%
+ \ifyadoc@into@index
+ \yadoc@index@command{%
+ \yadoc@sort@index
+ \yadoc@index@actual
+ \yadoc@format@index
+ }%
+ \ifyadoc@index@gather
+ \yadoc@index@command{%
+ \yadoc@phrases@Commands
+ \yadoc@index@level
+ \yadoc@sort@index
+ \yadoc@index@actual
+ \yadoc@format@index
+ }%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+
+\def\yadoc@name@colorize{%
+ \ifdefempty\yadoc@name@color{}{%
+ \textcolor{\yadoc@name@color}%
+ }%
+}
+
+\def\yadoc@format@index{%
+ {%
+ \ifyadoc@index@colorize@names\yadoc@name@colorize\fi
+ \yadoc@index@font
+ \yadoc@index@prefix\yadoc@index\yadoc@index@suffix
+ }%
+ {%
+ \ifkeyempty{/yadoc/index annotation}{}{%
+ \space\yadoc@index@annotation@font\pgfkeysvalueof{/yadoc/index annotation}%
+ }%
+ }%
+ \ifdefempty\yadoc@index@page@number@format{}{%
+ \yadoc@index@encapsulator
+ \yadoc@index@page@number@format
+ }%
+ \ifkeyempty{/yadoc/see}{}{%
+ \yadoc@index@encapsulator
+ see{\pgfkeysvalueof{/yadoc/see}}%
+ }%
+}
+
+\def\yadoc@do@label{%
+ \ifdefempty{\yadoc@label}{}{%
+ \begingroup
+ \yadocset{ref options}%
+ \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
+ \protect\ifyadoc@setupref
+ \ifyadoc@hyperref
+ \protect\yadoc@hyperreftrue
+ \else
+ \protect\yadoc@hyperreffalse
+ \fi
+ \protect\fi
+ \protect\ifyadoc@printref
+ \yadoc@ref@font
+ \yadoc@ref@prefix\yadoc@name\yadoc@ref@suffix
+ \protect\fi
+ \protect\ifyadoc@into@index
+ \yadoc@do@index
+ \protect\fi
+ }%
+ \label{\yadoc@label@prefix\yadoc@label}%
+ \endgroup
+ }%
+}
+
+\def\yadoc@do@parameters{%
+ \ifdefempty\yadoc@parameters{}{%
+ \begingroup
+ \yadoc@parameters@font
+ \yadoc@parameters@prefix\yadoc@parameters\yadoc@parameters@suffix
+ \endgroup
+ }%
+}
+
+\def\yadoc@do@description{%
+ \ifdefempty{\yadoc@description}{}{%
+ \tcblower
+ \raggedleft
+ \strut
+ (\yadoc@description)%
+ \strut
+ }%
+}
+
+% ref
+
+\newif\ifyadoc@setupref
+\newif\ifyadoc@printref
+\newif\ifyadoc@hyperref
+\yadoc@printreftrue
+\yadoc@hyperreftrue
+\DeclareRobustCommand\docref[2][]{%
+ \quitvmode % otherwise, extra vertical space if this begins an \item !?!
+ \begingroup
+ \yadocset{ref options,#1}%
+ \ifcsname r@#2\endcsname
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\yadoc@setupreftrue
+ \ifyadoc@printref\noexpand\yadoc@printreffalse\fi
+ \ifyadoc@into@index\noexpand\yadoc@into@indexfalse\fi
+ \ifmemoize\noexpand\memoizefalse\fi
+ \ref*{#2}%
+ \noexpand\yadoc@setupreffalse
+ \ifyadoc@printref\noexpand\yadoc@printreftrue\fi
+ \ifyadoc@into@index\noexpand\yadoc@into@indextrue\fi
+ \ifmemoize\noexpand\memoizetrue\fi
+ }%
+ \fi
+ \ifyadoc@printref\else\yadoc@hyperreffalse\fi
+ \ifyadoc@hyperref
+ \ifnum\getpagerefnumber{#2}=\thepage\relax
+ \yadoc@into@indexfalse
+ \fi
+ \hyperref[#2]{%
+ \ref*{#2}%
+ \ifyadoc@printref
+ \ifyadoc@ref@page\yadoc@ref@pagenumber{#2}\fi
+ \fi
+ }%
+ \else
+ \ref*{#2}%
+ \ifyadoc@printref
+ \ifyadoc@ref@page\yadoc@ref@pagenumber{#2}\fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+}
+\def\yadoc@ref@pagenumber#1{%
+ \ifnum\getpagerefnumber{#1}=\thepage\relax
+ \else%
+ \textsuperscript{%
+ {\fontfamily{pzd}\fontencoding{U}\fontseries{m}\fontshape{n}%
+ \selectfont\char213}%
+ \,\yadoc@phrases@pageshort\,\pageref*{#1}}%
+ \fi
+}
+
+
+\yadocset{
+ before body=,
+ after body=,
+ left=2em,
+ right=0pt,
+ left indent=-2em,
+ right indent=0pt,
+ name=,
+ name font=\ttfamily\bfseries,
+ index font=\ttfamily,
+ ref font=\ttfamily,
+ index annotation font=,
+ name color=black,
+ name prefix=,
+ name suffix=,
+ label=,
+ label prefix=,
+ parameters=,
+ parameters font=,
+ parameters prefix=,
+ parameters suffix=,
+ keypath=,
+ keypath color opacity=30,
+ description=,
+ into index=true,
+ index colorize names=false,
+ index page number format=,
+ index command=\index,
+ index gather=false,
+ index actual={@},
+ index quote={"},
+ index level={!},
+ index encapsulator={|},
+ head prefix=,
+ head infix=,
+ head suffix=,
+ ref page=false,
+ phrases={
+ index=Index,
+ pageshort=P.,
+ Commands=Commands,
+ },
+ text/.code={#1},
+ comma/.code={,\ },
+ and/.code={\ and\ },
+}
+
+\def\ifkeyempty#1{\ifcsempty{pgfk@#1}}
+
+\AddToHook{begindocument}{%
+ \robustify\index
+ \robustify\hypersetup
+}
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-clean.pl b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-clean.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4e1334c695
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-clean.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+
+# This file is a part of Memoize, a TeX package for externalization of
+# graphics and memoization of compilation results in general, available at
+# https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize.
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2020- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+#
+# This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+# LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+# your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+# https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+# all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+#
+# This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+# The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+#
+# The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+# <texmf>/doc/generic/memoize/FILES.
+
+use strict;
+use Getopt::Long;
+# I intend to rewrite this script using Path::Class.
+use Cwd 'realpath';
+use File::Spec;
+use File::Basename;
+
+my $VERSION = '2023/10/10 v1.0.0';
+
+my $usage = "usage: memoize-clean.py [-h] [--yes] [--all] [--quiet] [--prefix PREFIX] [mmz ...]\n";
+my $Help = <<END;
+Remove (stale) memo and extern files.
+
+positional arguments:
+ mmz .mmz record files
+
+options:
+ -h, --help show this help message and exit
+ --version, -V show version and exit
+ --yes, -y Do not ask for confirmation.
+ --all, -a Remove *all* memos and externs.
+ --quiet, -q
+ --prefix PREFIX, -p PREFIX
+ A path prefix to clean; this option can be specified multiple times.
+
+For details, see the man page or the Memoize documentation.
+END
+
+my ($yes, $all, @prefixes, $quiet, $help, $print_version);
+GetOptions(
+ "yes|y" => \$yes,
+ "all|a" => \$all,
+ "prefix|p=s" => \@prefixes,
+ "quiet|q|?" => \$quiet,
+ "help|h|?" => \$help,
+ "version|V" => \$print_version,
+ ) or die $usage;
+$help and die "$usage\n$Help";
+if ($print_version) { print("memoize-clean.pl of Memoize $VERSION\n"); exit 0 }
+
+my (%keep, %prefixes);
+
+my $curdir = Cwd::getcwd();
+
+for my $prefix (@prefixes) {
+ $prefixes{Cwd::realpath(File::Spec->catfile(($curdir), $prefix))} = '';
+}
+
+my @mmzs = @ARGV;
+
+for my $mmz (@mmzs) {
+ my ($mmz_filename, $mmz_dir) = File::Basename::fileparse($mmz);
+ @ARGV = ($mmz);
+ my $endinput = 0;
+ my $empty = -1;
+ my $prefix = "";
+ while (<>) {
+ if (/^ *$/) {
+ } elsif ($endinput) {
+ die "Bailing out, \\endinput is not the last line of file $mmz.\n";
+ } elsif (/^ *\\mmzPrefix *{(.*?)}/) {
+ $prefix = $1;
+ $prefixes{Cwd::realpath(File::Spec->catfile(($curdir,$mmz_dir), $prefix))} = '';
+ $empty = 1 if $empty == -1;
+ } elsif (/^%? *\\mmz(?:New|Used)(?:CC?Memo|Extern) *{(.*?)}/) {
+ my $fn = $1;
+ if ($prefix eq '') {
+ die "Bailing out, no prefix announced before file $fn.\n";
+ }
+ $keep{Cwd::realpath(File::Spec->catfile(($mmz_dir), $fn))} = 1;
+ $empty = 0;
+ if (rindex($fn, $prefix, 0) != 0) {
+ die "Bailing out, prefix of file $fn does not match " .
+ "the last announced prefix ($prefix).\n";
+ }
+ } elsif (/^ *\\endinput *$/) {
+ $endinput = 1;
+ } else {
+ die "Bailing out, file $mmz contains an unrecognized line: $_\n";
+ }
+ }
+ die "Bailing out, file $mmz is empty.\n" if $empty && !$all;
+ die "Bailing out, file $mmz does not end with \\endinput; this could mean that " .
+ "the compilation did not finish properly. You can only clean with --all.\n"
+ if $endinput == 0 && !$all;
+}
+
+my @tbdeleted;
+sub populate_tbdeleted {
+ my ($basename_prefix, $dir, $suffix_dummy) = @_;
+ opendir(MD, $dir) or die "Cannot open directory '$dir'";
+ while( (my $fn = readdir(MD)) ) {
+ my $path = File::Spec->catfile(($dir),$fn);
+ if ($fn =~ /\Q$basename_prefix\E[0-9A-F]{32}(?:-[0-9A-F]{32})?(?:-[0-9]+)?(\.memo|(?:-[0-9]+)?\.pdf|\.log)/ and ($all || !exists($keep{$path}))) {
+ push @tbdeleted, $path;
+ }
+ }
+ closedir(MD);
+}
+for my $prefix (keys %prefixes) {
+ my ($basename_prefix, $dir, $suffix);
+ if (-d $prefix) {
+ populate_tbdeleted('', $prefix, '');
+ }
+ populate_tbdeleted(File::Basename::fileparse($prefix));
+}
+@tbdeleted = sort(@tbdeleted);
+
+my @allowed_dirs = ($curdir);
+my @deletion_not_allowed;
+for my $f (@tbdeleted) {
+ my $f_allowed = 0;
+ for my $dir (@allowed_dirs) {
+ if ($f =~ /^\Q$dir\E/) {
+ $f_allowed = 1;
+ last;
+ }
+ }
+ push(@deletion_not_allowed, $f) if ! $f_allowed;
+}
+die "Bailing out, I was asked to delete these files outside the current directory:\n" .
+ join("\n", @deletion_not_allowed) if (@deletion_not_allowed);
+
+if (scalar(@tbdeleted) != 0) {
+ my $a;
+ unless ($yes) {
+ print("I will delete the following files:\n" .
+ join("\n",@tbdeleted) . "\n" .
+ "Proceed (y/n)? ");
+ $a = lc(<>);
+ chomp $a;
+ }
+ if ($yes || $a eq 'y' || $a eq 'yes') {
+ foreach my $fn (@tbdeleted) {
+ print "Deleting ", $fn, "\n" unless $quiet;
+ unlink $fn;
+ }
+ } else {
+ die "Bailing out.\n";
+ }
+} elsif (!$quiet) {
+ print "Nothing to do, the directory seems clean.\n";
+}
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-clean.py b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-clean.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..dd543327cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-clean.py
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+# This file is a part of Memoize, a TeX package for externalization of
+# graphics and memoization of compilation results in general, available at
+# https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize.
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2020- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+#
+# This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+# LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+# your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+# https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+# all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+#
+# This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+# The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+#
+# The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+# <texmf>/doc/generic/memoize/FILES.
+
+__version__ = '2023/10/10 v1.0.0'
+
+import argparse, re, sys, pathlib, os
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+ description="Remove (stale) memo and extern files.",
+ epilog = "For details, see the man page or the Memoize documentation."
+)
+parser.add_argument('--yes', '-y', action = 'store_true',
+ help = 'Do not ask for confirmation.')
+parser.add_argument('--all', '-a', action = 'store_true',
+ help = 'Remove *all* memos and externs.')
+parser.add_argument('--quiet', '-q', action = 'store_true')
+parser.add_argument('--prefix', '-p', action = 'append', default = [],
+ help = 'A path prefix to clean; this option can be specified multiple times.')
+parser.add_argument('mmz', nargs= '*', help='.mmz record files')
+parser.add_argument('--version', '-V', action = 'version',
+ version = f"%(prog)s of Memoize " + __version__)
+args = parser.parse_args()
+
+re_prefix = re.compile(r'\\mmzPrefix *{(.*?)}')
+re_memo = re.compile(r'%? *\\mmz(?:New|Used)(?:CC?Memo|Extern) *{(.*?)}')
+re_endinput = re.compile(r' *\\endinput *$')
+
+prefixes = set(pathlib.Path(prefix).resolve() for prefix in args.prefix)
+keep = set()
+
+# We loop through the given .mmz files, adding prefixes to whatever manually
+# specified by the user, and collecting the files to keep.
+for mmz_fn in args.mmz:
+ mmz = pathlib.Path(mmz_fn)
+ mmz_parent = mmz.parent.resolve()
+ try:
+ with open(mmz) as mmz_fh:
+ prefix = ''
+ endinput = False
+ empty = None
+ for line in mmz_fh:
+ line = line.strip()
+
+ if not line:
+ pass
+
+ elif endinput:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ r'Bailing out, \endinput is not the last line of file $mmz_fn.')
+
+ elif m := re_prefix.match(line):
+ prefix = m[1]
+ prefixes.add( (mmz_parent/prefix).resolve() )
+ if empty is None:
+ empty = True
+
+ elif m := re_memo.match(line):
+ if not prefix:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ f'Bailing out, no prefix announced before file "{m[1]}".')
+ if not m[1].startswith(prefix):
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ f'Bailing out, prefix of file "{m[1]}" does not match '
+ f'the last announced prefix ({prefix}).')
+ keep.add((mmz_parent / m[1]))
+ empty = False
+
+ elif re_endinput.match(line):
+ endinput = True
+ continue
+
+ else:
+ raise RuntimeError(fr"Bailing out, "
+ fr"file {mmz_fn} contains an unrecognized line: {line}")
+
+ if empty and not args.all:
+ raise RuntimeError(fr'Bailing out, file {mmz_fn} is empty.')
+
+ if not endinput and empty is not None and not args.all:
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ fr'Bailing out, file {mmz_fn} does not end with \endinput; '
+ fr'this could mean that the compilation did not finish properly. '
+ fr'You can only clean with --all.'
+ )
+
+ # It is not an error if the file doesn't exist.
+ # Otherwise, cleaning from scripts would be cumbersome.
+ except FileNotFoundError:
+ pass
+
+tbdeleted = []
+def populate_tbdeleted(folder, basename_prefix):
+ re_aux = re.compile(
+ re.escape(basename_prefix) +
+ '[0-9A-F]{32}(?:-[0-9A-F]{32})?(?:-[0-9]+)?(?:\.memo|(?:-[0-9]+)?\.pdf|\.log)$')
+ try:
+ for f in folder.iterdir():
+ if re_aux.match(f.name) and (args.all or f not in keep):
+ tbdeleted.append(f)
+ except FileNotFoundError:
+ pass
+
+for prefix in prefixes:
+ # "prefix" is interpreted both as a directory (if it exists) and a basename prefix.
+ if prefix.is_dir():
+ populate_tbdeleted(prefix, '')
+ populate_tbdeleted(prefix.parent, prefix.name)
+
+allowed_dirs = [pathlib.Path().absolute()] # todo: output directory
+deletion_not_allowed = [f for f in tbdeleted if not f.is_relative_to(*allowed_dirs)]
+if deletion_not_allowed:
+ raise RuntimeError("Bailing out, "
+ "I was asked to delete these files outside the current directory:\n" +
+ "\n".join(str(f) for f in deletion_not_allowed))
+
+_cwd_absolute = pathlib.Path().absolute()
+def relativize(path):
+ try:
+ return path.relative_to(_cwd_absolute)
+ except ValueError:
+ return path
+
+if tbdeleted:
+ tbdeleted.sort()
+ if not args.yes:
+ print('I will delete the following files:')
+ for f in tbdeleted:
+ print(relativize(f))
+ print("Proceed (y/n)? ")
+ a = input()
+ if args.yes or a == 'y' or a == 'yes':
+ for f in tbdeleted:
+ if not args.quiet:
+ print("Deleting", relativize(f))
+ try:
+ f.unlink()
+ except FileNotFoundError:
+ print(f"Cannot delete {f}")
+ else:
+ print("Bailing out.")
+elif not args.quiet:
+ print('Nothing to do, the directory seems clean.')
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-extract.pl b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-extract.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8fba3d356f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-extract.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+
+# This file is a part of Memoize, a TeX package for externalization of
+# graphics and memoization of compilation results in general, available at
+# https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize.
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2020- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+#
+# This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+# LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+# your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+# https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+# all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+#
+# This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+# The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+#
+# The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+# <texmf>/doc/generic/memoize/FILES.
+
+use strict;
+use Getopt::Long;
+use Path::Class;
+use File::Spec;
+use File::Basename;
+use PDF::API2;
+
+my $VERSION = '2023/10/10 v1.0.0';
+
+my $usage = "usage: memoize-extract.pl [-h] [--pdf PDF] [--prune] [--keep] [--force] [--log LOG] [--warning-template WARNING_TEMPLATE] [--quiet] [--mkdir] mmz\n";
+my $Help = <<END;
+Extract extern pages out of the document PDF.
+
+positional arguments:
+ mmz the record file produced by Memoize: doc.mmz when compiling doc.tex
+
+options:
+ --help, -h show this help message and exit
+ --version, -V show version and exit
+ --pdf PDF, -P PDF extract from file PDF
+ --prune, -p remove the extern pages after extraction
+ --keep, -k do not mark externs as extracted
+ --force, -f extract even if the size-check fails
+ --log LOG, -l LOG the log file
+ --warning-template WARNING_TEMPLATE, -w WARNING_TEMPLATE
+ \warningtext in the template will be replaced by the warning message
+ --quiet, -q don't describe what's happening
+ --embedded, -e prefix all messages to the standard output with the script name
+ --mkdir, -m create a directory (and exit)
+
+For details, see the man page or the Memoize documentation.
+END
+
+my ($pdf_arg, $prune, $keep, $log, $quiet, $embedded, $force, $mkdir, $help, $print_version);
+my $warning_template = '\warningtext';
+Getopt::Long::Configure ("bundling");
+GetOptions(
+ "pdf|P=s" => \$pdf_arg,
+ "keep|k" => \$keep,
+ "prune|p" => \$prune,
+ "log|l=s" => \$log,
+ "quiet|q" => \$quiet,
+ "embedded|e" => \$embedded,
+ "force|f" => \$force,
+ "warning-template|w=s" => \$warning_template,
+ "mkdir|m" => \$mkdir,
+ "help|h|?" => \$help,
+ "version|V" => \$print_version,
+ ) or die $usage;
+if ($help) {print("$usage\n$Help"); exit 0}
+if ($print_version) { print("memoize-extract.pl of Memoize $VERSION\n"); exit 0 }
+die $usage unless @ARGV == 1;
+
+my $message_prefix = $embedded ? basename($0) . ': ' : '';
+print("\n") if ($embedded);
+
+my @output_paths = (dir()->absolute->resolve);
+my $texmfoutput = `kpsewhich --var-value=TEXMFOUTPUT`;
+$texmfoutput =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
+if ($texmfoutput) {
+ my $texmfoutput_dir = dir($texmfoutput)->absolute->resolve;
+ push(@output_paths, $texmfoutput_dir) unless $texmfoutput_dir->dir_list == 1 && ! $texmfoutput_dir->volume;
+}
+
+sub paranoia {
+ my $file = $_[0];
+ die "${message_prefix}Cannot create a hidden file or dir: $file"
+ if $file->basename =~ /^\./;
+ my $parent = $file->parent->absolute->resolve;
+ die "${message_prefix}Cannot write outside the current working or output directory tree: $file"
+ unless grep($_->contains($parent), @output_paths);
+}
+
+my $mmz_arg = $ARGV[0];
+my $mmz_file = file($mmz_arg);
+my $mmz_dir = $mmz_file->parent;
+
+if ($mkdir) {
+ my $dir = dir($mmz_arg)->cleanup;
+ my $current = dir(File::Spec->catpath($dir->volume,
+ $dir->is_absolute ? File::Spec->rootdir : File::Spec->curdir,
+ ''))->absolute;
+ for my $c ($dir->components) {
+ $current = $current->subdir($c);
+ if (-d $current) {
+ $current = $current->resolve;
+ } else {
+ paranoia($current);
+ mkdir($current);
+ print("${message_prefix}Created directory $current\n") unless $quiet;
+ }
+ }
+ exit;
+} else {
+ die "${message_prefix}The 'mmz' argument should be a file with suffix '.mmz', not '$mmz_file'\n" unless $mmz_file->basename =~ /\.mmz$/;
+}
+
+# Enable in-place editing (of the .mmz file).
+paranoia($mmz_file) unless $keep;
+$^I = "" unless $keep;
+
+my $pdf_file = $pdf_arg ? file($pdf_arg) : $mmz_dir->file($mmz_file->basename =~ s/\.mmz$/\.pdf/r)->cleanup;
+paranoia($pdf_file) if $prune;
+
+if ($log) {
+ paranoia(file($log));
+ open LOG, ">$log";
+} else {
+ *LOG = *STDERR;
+}
+
+my ($pdf, %extern_pages);
+print "${message_prefix}Extracting externs from $pdf_file:\n" unless $quiet;
+
+my $tolerance = 0.01;
+my $done_message = "${message_prefix}Done (there was nothing to extract).\n";
+
+while (<>) {
+ if (/^\\mmzNewExtern *{(?P<extern_path>(?P<prefix>.*?)(?P<code_md5sum>[0-9A-F]{32})-(?P<context_md5sum>[0-9A-F]{32})(?:-[0-9]+)?.pdf)}{(?P<page_n>[0-9]+)}{(?P<expected_width>[0-9.]*)pt}{(?P<expected_height>[0-9.]*)pt}/) {
+ my $extern_file = file($+{extern_path});
+ if (! $extern_file->is_absolute) {
+ $extern_file = $mmz_dir->file($+{extern_path});
+ }
+ paranoia($extern_file);
+ my $page = $+{page_n};
+ my $expected_width_pt = $+{expected_width};
+ my $expected_height_pt = $+{expected_height};
+ my $c_memo_file = $mmz_dir->file($+{prefix} . $+{code_md5sum} . '.memo');
+ my $cc_memo_file = $mmz_dir->file($+{prefix} . $+{code_md5sum} . '-' . $+{context_md5sum} . '.memo');
+ if (!(-e $c_memo_file && -e $cc_memo_file)) {
+ print LOG ($warning_template =~ s/\\warningtext/Not extracting page $page into extern $extern_file, because the associated (c)c-memo does not exist/gr), "\n\\endinput\n";
+ last;
+ }
+ eval { $pdf = PDF::API2->open($pdf_file->stringify) unless $pdf; };
+ if ($@) {
+ print LOG ($warning_template =~ s/\\warningtext/Cannot read file "$pdf_file". Perhaps you have to load Memoize earlier in the preamble?/gr), "\n\\endinput\n";
+ close LOG;
+ die "${message_prefix}File '$pdf_file' cannot be read, bailing out.\n";
+ }
+ my $extern = PDF::API2->new();
+ $extern->version($pdf->version);
+ $extern->import_page($pdf, $page);
+ my $extern_page = $extern->open_page(1);
+ my ($x0, $y0, $x1, $y1) = $extern_page->get_mediabox();
+ my $width_pt = ($x1 - $x0) / 72 * 72.27;
+ my $height_pt = ($y1 - $y0) / 72 * 72.27;
+ my $warning = '';
+ if (abs($width_pt - $expected_width_pt) > $tolerance
+ || abs($height_pt - $expected_height_pt) > $tolerance)
+ {
+ $warning = "I refuse to extract page $page from $pdf_file, because its size (${width_pt}pt x ${height_pt}pt) is not what I expected (${expected_width_pt}pt x ${expected_height_pt}pt)";
+ print LOG ($warning_template =~ s/\\warningtext/$warning/gr), "\n";
+ }
+ if ($warning && !$force) {
+ unlink $extern_file;
+ } else {
+ $extern->saveas($extern_file->stringify);
+ $done_message = "${message_prefix}Done.\n";
+ print STDOUT "${message_prefix} Page $page --> $extern_file\n" unless $quiet;
+ $extern_pages{$page} = 1 if $prune;
+ print("%") unless $keep;
+ }
+ }
+ print unless $keep;
+}
+
+print $done_message unless $quiet;
+
+if ($pdf and $prune) {
+ paranoia($pdf_file);
+ my $pruned_pdf = PDF::API2->new();
+ for (my $n = 1; $n <= $pdf->page_count(); $n++) {
+ if (! $extern_pages{$n}) {
+ $pruned_pdf->import_page($pdf, $n);
+ }
+ }
+ $pruned_pdf->save($pdf_file->stringify);
+ print("${message_prefix}The following extern pages were pruned out of the PDF: ",
+ join(",", sort(keys(%extern_pages))) . "\n") unless $quiet;
+}
+
+if ($log) {
+ print LOG "\\endinput\n";
+ close LOG;
+}
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-extract.py b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-extract.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..54d8870e7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize-extract.py
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# This file is a part of Memoize, a TeX package for externalization of
+# graphics and memoization of compilation results in general, available at
+# https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize.
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2020- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+#
+# This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+# LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+# your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+# https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+# all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+#
+# This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+# The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+#
+# The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+# <texmf>/doc/generic/memoize/FILES.
+
+__version__ = '2023/10/10 v1.0.0'
+
+import argparse, re, sys, os, pdfrw, subprocess, itertools
+from pathlib import Path
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+ description = "Extract extern pages out of the document PDF.",
+ epilog = "For details, see the man page or the Memoize documentation.",
+ prog = 'memoize-extract.py',
+)
+parser.add_argument('--pdf', '-P', help = 'extract from file PDF')
+parser.add_argument('--prune', '-p', action = 'store_true',
+ help = 'remove the extern pages after extraction')
+parser.add_argument('--keep', '-k', action = 'store_true',
+ help = 'do not mark externs as extracted')
+parser.add_argument('--force', '-f', action = 'store_true',
+ help = 'extract even if the size-check fails')
+parser.add_argument('--log', '-l', default = os.devnull, help = 'the log file')
+parser.add_argument('--warning-template', '-w', default = '\warningtext',
+ help = '\warningtext in the template will be replaced by the warning message')
+parser.add_argument('--quiet', '-q', action = 'store_true',
+ help = "describe what's happening")
+parser.add_argument('--embedded', '-e', action = 'store_true',
+ help = "prefix all messages to the standard output with the script name")
+parser.add_argument('--mkdir', '-m', action = 'store_true',
+ help = 'create a directory (and exit)')
+parser.add_argument('mmz',
+ help = 'the record file produced by Memoize: doc.mmz when compiling doc.tex')
+parser.add_argument('--version', '-V', action = 'version',
+ version = f"%(prog)s of Memoize " + __version__)
+
+args = parser.parse_args()
+
+message_prefix = parser.prog + ': ' if args.embedded else ''
+if args.embedded:
+ print()
+
+# Even a bit more paranoid than required:
+# (a) disallowing TEXMFOUTPUT=/ (while allowing C:\ on Windows)
+# (b) waiting for access to '-output-directory'.
+output_paths = [Path.cwd()]
+if texmfoutput := subprocess.run(
+ ['kpsewhich', '--var-value=TEXMFOUTPUT'],
+ capture_output = True).stdout.decode().strip():
+ texmfoutput_dir = Path(texmfoutput).resolve()
+ if len(texmfoutput_dir.parts) != 1 or texmfoutput_dir.drive:
+ output_paths.append(texmfoutput_dir)
+
+def paranoia(f):
+ p = Path(f).resolve()
+ if p.stem.startswith('.'):
+ raise RuntimeError(f"{message_prefix}Cannot create a hidden file or dir: {f}")
+ if not any(p.is_relative_to(op) for op in output_paths):
+ raise RuntimeError(f"{message_prefix}Cannot write outside the current working or output directory tree: {f}")
+
+mmz_file = Path(args.mmz)
+
+if args.mkdir: # Here, argument "mmz" is interpreted as the directory to create.
+ # We cannot simply say
+ # paranoia(mmz_file)
+ # mmz_file.mkdir(parents = True, exist_ok = True)
+ # because have be paranoid about the intermediate directories as well:
+ # memoize-extract.py -m a/../../BAD/../<cwd-name>/b
+ # Note that paranoia might kick in only after a part of the given path was
+ # already created. This is in accord to how "mkdir" behaves wrt existing
+ # files.
+ for folder in itertools.chain(reversed(mmz_file.parents), (mmz_file,)):
+ if not folder.is_dir():
+ paranoia(folder)
+ folder.mkdir(exist_ok = True)
+ if not args.quiet:
+ print(f"{message_prefix}Created directory {folder}")
+ sys.exit()
+elif mmz_file.suffix != '.mmz':
+ raise RuntimeError(f"{message_prefix}The 'mmz' argument should be a file with suffix '.mmz', not '{mmz_file}'")
+
+mmz_dir = mmz_file.parent
+pdf_file = Path(args.pdf) if args.pdf else mmz_file.with_suffix('.pdf')
+paranoia(pdf_file)
+pdf = None
+extern_pages = []
+new_mmz = []
+args.log is os.devnull or paranoia(Path(args.log))
+re_newextern = re.compile(r'\\mmzNewExtern *{(?P<extern_fn>(?P<prefix>.*?)(?P<code_md5sum>[0-9A-F]{32})-(?P<context_md5sum>[0-9A-F]{32})(?:-[0-9]+)?.pdf)}{(?P<page_n>[0-9]+)}{(?P<expected_width>[0-9.]*)pt}{(?P<expected_height>[0-9.]*)pt}')
+tolerance = 0.01
+done_message = f"{message_prefix}Done (there was nothing to extract)."
+
+# Complication: I want to use 'with', but don't have to open stderr.
+with open(args.log, 'w') as log:
+ log = sys.stderr if args.log is os.devnull else log
+ try:
+ mmz = mmz_file.open()
+ except FileNotFoundError:
+ print(f'''{message_prefix}File "{mmz_file}" does not exist, assuming there's nothing to do.''',
+ file = sys.stderr)
+ else:
+ if not args.quiet:
+ print(f"{message_prefix}Extracting externs from {pdf_file}")
+ for line in mmz:
+ if m := re_newextern.match(line):
+ extern_file = mmz_dir / m['extern_fn']
+ paranoia(extern_file)
+ page_n = int(m['page_n'])-1
+ c_memo = mmz_dir / (m['prefix'] + m['code_md5sum'] + '.memo')
+ cc_memo = mmz_dir / (m['prefix'] + m['code_md5sum'] + '-' + m['context_md5sum'] + '.memo')
+ if not (c_memo.exists() and cc_memo.exists()):
+ print(args.warning_template.replace('\warningtext', f'Not extracting page {page_n} into extern {extern_file}, because the associated (c)c-memo does not exist'), file = log)
+ continue
+ if not pdf:
+ try:
+ pdf = pdfrw.PdfReader(pdf_file)
+ except pdfrw.errors.PdfParseError:
+ print(f'{message_prefix}File "{pdf_file}" cannot be read, bailing out.', file = sys.stderr)
+ print(args.warning_template.replace('\warningtext', f'Cannot read file "{pdf_file}". Perhaps you have to load Memoize earlier in the preamble?'), file = log)
+ args.keep = True
+ break
+ extern = pdfrw.PdfWriter(extern_file)
+ page = pdf.pages[page_n]
+ expected_width_pt, expected_height_pt = float(m['expected_width']), float(m['expected_height'])
+ mb = page['/MediaBox']
+ width_bp, height_bp = float(mb[2]) - float(mb[0]), float(mb[3]) - float(mb[1])
+ width_pt = width_bp / 72 * 72.27
+ height_pt = height_bp / 72 * 72.27
+ warning = None
+ if abs(width_pt - expected_width_pt) > tolerance \
+ or abs(height_pt - expected_height_pt) > tolerance:
+ warning = (
+ f'I refuse to extract page {page_n+1} from "{pdf_file}", '
+ f'because its size ({width_pt}pt x {height_pt}pt) is not '
+ f'what I expected ({expected_width_pt}pt x {expected_height_pt}pt)')
+ print(args.warning_template.replace('\warningtext', warning), file = log)
+ if warning and not args.force:
+ extern_file.unlink(missing_ok = True)
+ else:
+ extern.addpage(page)
+ if not args.quiet:
+ print(f"{message_prefix} Page {page_n+1} --> {extern_file}", file = sys.__stdout__)
+ extern.write()
+ done_message = f"{message_prefix}Done."
+ if args.prune:
+ extern_pages.append(page_n)
+ if not args.keep:
+ line = '%' + line
+ if not args.keep:
+ new_mmz.append(line)
+ mmz.close()
+ if not args.quiet:
+ print(done_message)
+ if not args.keep:
+ paranoia(mmz_file)
+ with open(mmz_file, 'w') as mmz:
+ for line in new_mmz:
+ print(line, file = mmz, end = '')
+ if args.prune and extern_pages:
+ pruned_pdf = pdfrw.PdfWriter(pdf_file)
+ pruned_pdf.addpages(
+ page for n, page in enumerate(pdf.pages) if n not in extern_pages)
+ pruned_pdf.write()
+ if not args.quiet:
+ print(f"{message_prefix}The following extern pages were pruned out of the PDF:",
+ ",".join(str(page+1) for page in extern_pages))
+ if args.log is not os.devnull:
+ print(r'\endinput', file = log)
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/memoize.edtx b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize.edtx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..10794c7a3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize.edtx
@@ -0,0 +1,3597 @@
+% \iffalse
+%
+% memoize.edtx (this is not a .dtx file; to produce a .dtx, process it with edtx2dtx)
+%
+%% This file is a part of Memoize, a TeX package for externalization of
+%% graphics and memoization of compilation results in general, available at
+%% https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize.
+%%
+%% Copyright (c) 2020- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+%% (Sa\v{s}o \v{Z}ivanovi\'{c})
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+%% LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+%% your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+%% https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+%% all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+%% The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+%%
+%% The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+%% (<texmf>/doc/generic/memoize/)FILES.
+%
+% \fi
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+%
+% \relax
+%
+% This file contains the documented source code of
+% package \href{https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize}{Memoize} and, somewhat
+% unconventionally, its two independently distributed auxiliary
+% packages \href{https://ctan.org/pkg/advice}{Advice}
+% and \href{https://ctan.org/pkg/collargs}{CollArgs}.
+%
+% The source code of the \hologo{TeX} parts of the package resides in
+% |memoize.edtx|, |advice.edtx| and |collargs.edtx|. These files are written
+% in \href{https://ctan.org/pkg/easydtx}{EasyDTX}, a format of my own invention
+% which is almost like the DTX format but eliminates the need for all those
+% pesky |macrocode| environments: Any line introduced by a single comment
+% counts as documentation, and to top it off, documentation lines may be
+% indented. An |.edtx| file is converted to a |.dtx| by a little Perl script
+% called |edtx2dtx|; there is also a rudimentary Emacs mode, implemented in
+% |easydoctex-mode.el|, which takes care of fontification, indentation, and
+% forward and inverse search.
+%
+% The |.edtx| files contain the code for all three formats supported by the
+% three packages --- \hologo{LaTeX} (guard |latex|), \hologo{plainTeX} (guard
+% |plain|) and \hologo{ConTeXt} (guard |context|) --- but upon reading the
+% code, it will quickly become clear that Memoize was first developed for
+% \hologo{LaTeX}. In \S\ref{sec:code:identification}, we manually define
+% whatever \hologo{LaTeX} tools are ``missing'' in \hologo{plainTeX} and
+% \hologo{ConTeXt}. Even worse, \hologo{ConTeXt} code is often just the same
+% as \hologo{plainTeX} code, even in cases where I'm sure \hologo{ConTeXt}
+% offers the relevant tools. This nicely proves that I have no clue about
+% \hologo{ConTeXt}. If you are willing to \hologo{ConTeXt}-ualize my code ---
+% please do so, your help is welcome!
+%
+% The runtimes of Memoize (and also Advice) comprise of more than just the main
+% runtime for each format. Memoize ships with two additional stub packages,
+% |nomemoize| and |memoizable|, and a \hologo{TeX}-based extraction script
+% |memoize-extract-one|; Advice optionally offers a \TikZ; support defined in
+% |advice-tikz.code.tex|. For the relation between guards and runtimes,
+% consult the core of the |.ins| files below.
+%
+% \tcbset{ins listing/.style={listing only, fonttitle=\ttfamily\footnotesize,
+% leftupper=-1.5mm, lefttitle=2mm, right=0mm, top=2mm, bottom=2.65mm,
+% listing options app={basicstyle=\ttfamily\scriptsize}}}
+%
+% \begin{tcbraster}[raster columns=100]
+% \tcbinputlisting{raster multicolumn=55, ins listing, top=1mm, bottom=1mm, title=memoize.ins,listing file=../memoize.ins, linerange={27-38}, leftupper=1mm}
+% \begin{tcboxedraster}[raster columns=1]{blankest, raster multicolumn=45}
+% \tcbinputlisting{ins listing, title=advice.ins, listing file=../advice.ins, linerange=28-31}
+% \tcbinputlisting{ins listing, title=collar\raisebox{0pt}[\height][0pt]{g}s.ins, listing file=../collargs.ins, linerange=29-31}
+% \end{tcboxedraster}
+% \end{tcbraster}
+%
+% Memoize also contains two scripts, |memoize-extract| and |memoize-clean|.
+% Both come in two functionally equivalent implementations: Perl (|.pl|) and a
+% Python (|.py|). The code is listed in \S\ref{sec:code:scripts}, I believe it
+% is self-explanatory enough to lack more than a occasional comment.
+%
+%
+% \thispagestyle{empty}
+% \clearpage
+% \tableofcontents
+% \clearpage
+%
+% \newgeometry{left=4cm,right=1cm,top=1cm,bottom=1cm,
+% marginparwidth=3cm,marginparsep=0pt,nohead,includefoot}
+% \settowidth\marginparsep{\ }
+%
+% \section{First things first}
+% \label{sec:code:identification}
+%
+% \paragraph{Identification} of |memoize|, |memoizable| and |nomemoize|.
+%<*mmz>
+%<latex>\ProvidesPackage{memoize}[2023/10/10 v1.0.0 Fast and flexible externalization]
+%<context>%D \module[
+%<context>%D file=t-memoize.tex,
+%<context>%D version=1.0.0,
+%<context>%D title=Memoize,
+%<context>%D subtitle=Fast and flexible externalization,
+%<context>%D author=Saso Zivanovic,
+%<context>%D date=2023-10-10,
+%<context>%D copyright=Saso Zivanovic,
+%<context>%D license=LPPL,
+%<context>%D ]
+%<context>\writestatus{loading}{ConTeXt User Module / memoize}
+%<context>\unprotect
+%<context>\startmodule[memoize]
+%<plain>% Package memoize 2023/10/10 v1.0.0
+%</mmz>
+%<*mmzable>
+%<latex>\ProvidesPackage{memoizable}[2023/10/10 v1.0.0 A programmer's stub for Memoize]
+%<context>%D \module[
+%<context>%D file=t-memoizable.tex,
+%<context>%D version=1.0.0,
+%<context>%D title=Memoizable,
+%<context>%D subtitle=A programmer's stub for Memoize,
+%<context>%D author=Saso Zivanovic,
+%<context>%D date=2023-10-10,
+%<context>%D copyright=Saso Zivanovic,
+%<context>%D license=LPPL,
+%<context>%D ]
+%<context>\writestatus{loading}{ConTeXt User Module / memoizable}
+%<context>\unprotect
+%<context>\startmodule[memoizable]
+%<plain>% Package memoizable 2023/10/10 v1.0.0
+%</mmzable>
+%<*nommz>
+%<latex>\ProvidesPackage{nomemoize}[2023/10/10 v1.0.0 A no-op stub for Memoize]
+%<context>%D \module[
+%<context>%D file=t-nomemoize.tex,
+%<context>%D version=1.0.0,
+%<context>%D title=Memoize,
+%<context>%D subtitle=A no-op stub for Memoize,
+%<context>%D author=Saso Zivanovic,
+%<context>%D date=2023-10-10,
+%<context>%D copyright=Saso Zivanovic,
+%<context>%D license=LPPL,
+%<context>%D ]
+%<context>\writestatus{loading}{ConTeXt User Module / nomemoize}
+%<context>\unprotect
+%<context>\startmodule[nomemoize]
+%<mmz>% Package nomemoize 2023/10/10 v1.0.0
+%</nommz>
+%
+% \paragraph{Required packages} and \hologo{LaTeX}ization of \hologo{plainTeX}
+% and \hologo{ConTeXt}.
+%<*(mmz,mmzable,nommz)&(plain,context)>
+\input miniltx
+%</(mmz,mmzable,nommz)&(plain,context)>
+% Some stuff which is ``missing'' in |miniltx|, copied here from |latex.ltx|.
+%<*mmz&(plain,context)>
+\def\PackageWarning#1#2{{%
+ \newlinechar`\^^J\def\MessageBreak{^^J\space\space#1: }%
+ \message{#1: #2}}}
+%</mmz&(plain,context)>
+% Same as the official definition, but without |\outer|. Needed for record
+% file declarations.
+%<*mmz&plain>
+\def\newtoks{\alloc@5\toks\toksdef\@cclvi}
+\def\newwrite{\alloc@7\write\chardef\sixt@@n}
+%</mmz&plain>
+% |Nomemoize| has to load |pgfopts| as well, and process package options (right
+% away, why not), otherwise \hologo{LaTeX} will complain.
+%<*latex>
+%<mmz,nommz>\RequirePackage{pgfopts} % pgfkeys-based package options
+%<nommz>\pgfkeys{/memoize/package options/.unknown/.code={}}
+%<nommz>\ProcessPgfPackageOptions{/memoize/package options}
+%</latex>
+% I can't really write any code without |etoolbox| \dots
+%<*mmz>
+%<latex>\RequirePackage{etoolbox}
+%<plain,context>\input etoolbox-generic
+% Setup the |memoize| namespace in \hologo{LuaTeX}.
+\ifdefined\luatexversion
+ \directlua{memoize = {}}
+\fi
+% |pdftexcmds.sty| eases access to some PDF primitives, but I cannot manage to
+% load it in \hologo{ConTeXt}, even if it's supposed to be a generic
+% package. So let's load |pdftexcmds.lua| and copy--paste what we need from
+% |pdftexcmds.sty|.
+%<latex>\RequirePackage{pdftexcmds}
+%<plain>\input pdftexcmds.sty
+%<*context>
+\directlua{%
+ require("pdftexcmds")
+ tex.enableprimitives('pdf@', {'draftmode'})
+}
+\long\def\pdf@mdfivesum#1{%
+ \directlua{%
+ oberdiek.pdftexcmds.mdfivesum("\luaescapestring{#1}", "byte")%
+ }%
+}%
+\def\pdf@system#1{%
+ \directlua{%
+ oberdiek.pdftexcmds.system("\luaescapestring{#1}")%
+ }%
+}
+\let\pdf@primitive\primitive
+% Lua function |oberdiek.pdftexcmds.filesize| requires the |kpse| library,
+% which is not loaded in \hologo{ConTeXt},
+% see \url(https://){github.com/latex3/lua-uni-algos/issues/3}, so we define our
+% own filesize function.
+\directlua{%
+ function memoize.filesize(filename)
+ local filehandle = io.open(filename, "r")
+ % We can't easily use |~=|, as |~| is an active character, so the |else|
+ % workaround.
+ if filehandle == nil then
+ else
+ tex.write(filehandle:seek("end"))
+ io.close(filehandle)
+ end
+ end
+}%
+\def\pdf@filesize#1{%
+ \directlua{memoize.filesize("\luaescapestring{#1}")}%
+}
+%</context>
+% Take care of some further differences between the engines.
+\ifdef\pdftexversion{%
+}{%
+ \def\pdfhorigin{1true in}%
+ \def\pdfvorigin{1true in}%
+ \ifdef\XeTeXversion{%
+ \let\quitvmode\leavevmode
+ }{%
+ \ifdef\luatexversion{%
+ \let\pdfpagewidth\pagewidth
+ \let\pdfpageheight\pageheight
+ \def\pdfmajorversion{\pdfvariable majorversion}%
+ \def\pdfminorversion{\pdfvariable minorversion}%
+ }{%
+ \PackageError{memoize}{Support for this TeX engine is not implemented}{}%
+ }%
+ }%
+}
+%
+% In \hologo{ConTeXt}, |\unexpanded| means |\protected|, and the usual
+% |\unexpanded| is available as |\normalunexpanded|. Option one: use dtx
+% guards to produce the correct control sequence. I tried this option. I find
+% it ugly, and I keep forgetting to guard. Option two: |\let| an internal
+% control sequence, like |\mmz@unexpanded|, to the correct thing, and use that
+% all the time. I never tried this, but I find it ugly, too, and I guess I
+% would forget to use the new control sequence, anyway. Option three: use
+% |\unexpanded| in the |.dtx|, and |sed| through the generated \hologo{ConTeXt}
+% files to replace all its occurrences by |\normalunexpanded|. Oh yeah!
+%
+%
+% \paragraph.{Shipout}
+% We will next load our own auxiliary package, CollArgs, but before we do
+% that, we need to grab |\shipout| in \hologo{plainTeX}. The problem is,
+% Memoize needs to hack into the shipout routine, but it has best chances
+% of working as intended if it redefines the \emph{primitive} |\shipout|.
+% However, CollArgs loads |pgfkeys|, which in turn (and perhaps with no for
+% reason) loads |atbegshi|, which redefines |\shipout|. For details, see
+% section~\ref{sec:code:extern}. Below, we first check that the current
+% meaning of |\shipout| is primitive, and then redefine it.
+%
+%<*plain>
+\def\mmz@regular@shipout{%
+ \global\advance\mmzRegularPages1\relax
+ \mmz@primitive@shipout
+}
+\edef\mmz@temp{\string\shipout}%
+\edef\mmz@tempa{\meaning\shipout}%
+\ifx\mmz@temp\mmz@tempa
+ \let\mmz@primitive@shipout\shipout
+ \let\shipout\mmz@regular@shipout
+\else
+ \PackageError{memoize}{Cannot grab \string\shipout, it is already redefined}{}%
+\fi
+%</plain>
+% Our auxiliary package (\MS\ref{sec:ref:collargs}, \S\ref{sec:code:collargs}).
+% We also need it in |nomemoize|, to collect manual environments.
+%<latex>\RequirePackage{advice}
+%<plain>\input advice
+%<context>\input t-advice
+%</mmz>
+%
+% \paragraph.{Loading order} |memoize| and |nomemoize| are mutually exclusive,
+% and |memoizable| must be loaded before either of them. |\mmz@loadstatus|: 1
+% = memoize, 2 = memoizable, 3 = nomemoize.
+%<*(plain,context)&(mmz,nommz,mmzable)>
+\def\ifmmz@loadstatus#1{%
+ \ifnum#1=0\csname mmz@loadstatus\endcsname\relax
+ \expandafter\@firstoftwo
+ \else
+ \expandafter\@secondoftwo
+ \fi
+}
+%</(plain,context)&(mmz,nommz,mmzable)>
+%<*mmz>
+%<latex>\@ifpackageloaded{nomemoize}%
+%<plain,context>\ifmmz@loadstatus{3}%
+{%
+ \PackageError{memoize}{Cannot load the package, as "nomemoize" is already
+ loaded. Memoization will NOT be in effect}{Packages "memoize" and
+ "nomemoize" are mutually exclusive, please load either one or the other.}%
+ %<latex>\pgfkeys{/memoize/package options/.unknown/.code={}}
+ %<latex>\ProcessPgfPackageOptions{/memoize/package options}
+ \endinput
+}{}%
+%<latex>\@ifpackageloaded{memoizable}%
+%<plain,context>\ifmmz@loadstatus{2}%
+{%
+ \PackageError{memoize}{Cannot load the package, as "memoizable" is already
+ loaded}{Package "memoizable" is loaded by packages which support
+ memoization. Memoize must be loaded before all such packages. The
+ compilation log can help you figure out which package loaded "memoizable";
+ please move
+ %<latex>"\string\usepackage{memoize}"
+ %<plain>"\string\input memoize"
+ %<context>"\string\usemodule[memoize]"
+ before the
+ %<latex>"\string\usepackage"
+ %<plain>"\string\input"
+ %<context>"\string\usemodule"
+ of that package.}%
+ %<latex>\pgfkeys{/memoize/package options/.unknown/.code={}}
+ %<latex>\ProcessPgfPackageOptions{/memoize/package options}
+ \endinput
+}{}%
+%<plain,context>\ifmmz@loadstatus{1}{\endinput}{}%
+%<plain,context>\def\mmz@loadstatus{1}%
+%</mmz>
+%<*mmzable>
+%<latex>\@ifpackageloaded{memoize}%
+%<plain,context>\ifmmz@loadstatus{1}%
+{\endinput}{}
+%<latex>\@ifpackageloaded{nomemoize}%
+%<plain,context>\ifmmz@loadstatus{3}%
+{\endinput}{}%
+%<plain,context>\ifmmz@loadstatus{2}{\endinput}{}%
+%<plain,context>\def\mmz@loadstatus{2}%
+%</mmzable>
+%<*nommz>
+%<latex>\@ifpackageloaded{memoize}
+%<plain,context>\ifmmz@loadstatus{1}%
+{%
+ \PackageError{nomemoize}{Cannot load the package, as "memoize" is already
+ loaded; memoization will remain in effect}{Packages "memoize" and
+ "nomemoize" are mutually exclusive, please load either one or the other.}%
+ \endinput }{}%
+%<latex>\@ifpackageloaded{memoizable}%
+%<plain,context>\ifmmz@loadstatus{2}%
+{%
+ \PackageError{nomemoize}{Cannot load the package, as "memoizable" is already
+ loaded}{Package "memoizable" is loaded by packages which support
+ memoization. (No)Memoize must be loaded before all such packages. The
+ compilation log can help you figure out which package loaded
+ "memoizable"; please move
+ %<latex>"\string\usepackage{nomemoize}"
+ %<plain>"\string\input memoize"
+ %<context>"\string\usemodule[memoize]"
+ before the
+ %<latex>"\string\usepackage"
+ %<plain>"\string\input"
+ %<context>"\string\usemodule"
+ of that package.}%
+ \endinput
+}{}%
+%<plain,context>\ifmmz@loadstatus{3}{\endinput}{}%
+%<plain,context>\def\mmz@loadstatus{3}%
+%</nommz>
+%
+%<*mmz>
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\filetotoks}
+% Read \hologo{TeX} file |#2| into token register |#1| (under the current
+% category code regime); |\toksapp| is defined in CollArgs.
+\def\filetotoks#1#2{%
+ \immediate\openin0{#2}%
+ #1={}%
+ \loop
+ \unless\ifeof0
+ \read0 to \totoks@temp
+ % We need the |\expandafter|s for our |\toksapp| macro.
+ \expandafter\toksapp\expandafter#1\expandafter{\totoks@temp}%
+ \repeat
+ \immediate\closein0
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \paragraph{Other} little things.
+\newif\ifmmz@temp
+\newtoks\mmz@temptoks
+\newbox\mmz@box
+\newwrite\mmz@out
+%
+% \section{The basic configuration}
+% \label{sec:code:configuration}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzset}
+% The user primarily interacts with |Memoize| through the |pgfkeys|-based
+% configuration macro |\mmzset|, which executes keys in path |/mmz|. In
+% |nomemoize| and |memoizable|, is exists as a no-op.
+\def\mmzset#1{\pgfqkeys{/mmz}{#1}\ignorespaces}
+%</mmz>
+%<nommz,mmzable>\def\mmzset#1{\ignorespaces}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzset}
+% Any |/mmz| keys used outside of |\mmzset| must be declared by this macro
+% for |nomemoize| package to work.
+%<mmz>\def\nommzkeys#1{}
+%<*nommz,mmzable>
+\def\nommzkeys{\pgfqkeys{/mmz}}
+\pgfqkeys{/mmz}{.unknown/.code={\pgfkeysdef{\pgfkeyscurrentkey}{}}}
+%</nommz,mmzable>
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{key}{enable, disable}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifmemoize}
+% These keys set \hologo{TeX}-style conditional \cs{ifmemoize}, used as the
+% central on/off switch for the functionality of the package --- it is
+% inspected in |\Memoize| and by run conditions of automemoization handlers.
+%
+% If used in the preamble, the effect of these keys is delayed until the
+% beginning of the document. The delay is implemented through a special
+% style, |begindocument|, which is executed at |begindocument| hook in
+% \hologo{LaTeX}; in other formats, the user must invoke it manually
+% (\MS\ref{sec:ref:loading}).
+%
+% |Nomemoize| does not need the keys themselves, but it does need the
+% underlying conditional --- which will be always false.
+%<mmz,nommz,mmzable>\newif\ifmemoize
+%<*mmz>
+\mmzset{%
+ enable/.style={begindocument/.append code=\memoizetrue},
+ disable/.style={begindocument/.append code=\memoizefalse},
+ begindocument/.append style={
+ enable/.code=\memoizetrue,
+ disable/.code=\memoizefalse,
+ },
+ % Memoize is enabled at the beginning of the document, unless explicitly
+ % disabled by the user in the preamble.
+ enable,
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{key}{normal,readonly,recompile}
+% When Memoize is enabled, it can be in one of three modes
+% (\MS\ref{sec:tut:working-on-a-picture}): normal, readonly, and recompile.
+% The numeric constants are defined below. The mode is stored in
+% |\mmz@mode|, and only matters in |\Memoize| (and
+% |\mmz@process@ccmemo|).\footnote{In fact, this code treats anything but 1
+% and 2 as normal.}
+\def\mmz@mode@normal{0}
+\def\mmz@mode@readonly{1}
+\def\mmz@mode@recompile{2}
+\let\mmz@mode\mmz@mode@normal
+\mmzset{%
+ normal/.code={\let\mmz@mode\mmz@mode@normal},
+ readonly/.code={\let\mmz@mode\mmz@mode@readonly},
+ recompile/.code={\let\mmz@mode\mmz@mode@recompile},
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{key}{path, path/relative, path/dir, path/prefix}
+% Key |path| executes the given keylist in path |/mmz/path|, to determine the
+% full \emph{path prefix} to memo and extern files
+% (\MS\ref{sec:tut:memodir},\ref{sec:memos}): |relative|, true by default,
+% determines whether the location of these files is relative to the current
+% directory; |dir| sets their directory; and |prefix| sets the first, fixed
+% part of their basename; the second part containing the MD5 sum(s) is not
+% under user control, and neither is the suffix. These subkeys will be
+% initialized a bit later, via |no memo dir|.
+\mmzset{%
+ path/.code={\pgfqkeys{/mmz/path}{#1}},
+ path/.cd,
+ relative/.is if=mmz@relativepath,
+ dir/.store in=\mmz@dir,
+ dir/.value required,
+ prefix/.store in=\mmz@prefix,
+ prefix/.value required,
+}
+\newif\ifmmz@relativepath
+% Key |path| concludes by performing two post-path-setting actions: creating
+% the given directory if |mkdir| is in effect, and noting the new path prefix
+% in record files (by eventually executing |record/prefix|, which typically
+% puts a |\mmzPrefix| line in the |.mmz| file). These actions are the reason
+% for having the path setting keys grouped under |path| --- we don't want them
+% to be triggered by changes of the individual components of the path.
+% Similarly, we don't want them triggered by multiple invocations of |path| in
+% the preamble; only the final setting matters, so |path| is only equipped with
+% the action-triggering code at the beginning of the document.
+\mmzset{%
+ begindocument/.append style={
+ path/.append code=\mmz@maybe@mkmemodir\mmz@record@prefix,
+ },
+ % Consequently, the post-path-setting actions must be triggered manually at
+ % the beginning of the document. Below, we trigger directory creation;
+ % |record/prefix| will be called from |record/begin|, which is executed at
+ % the beginning of the document, so it shouldn't be mentioned here.
+ begindocument/.append code=\mmz@maybe@mkmemodir,
+}
+% Define the paths to the memo directory and the prefix.
+\def\mmz@dir@path{\ifmmz@relativepath.\fi/\mmz@dir}
+\def\mmz@prefix@path{\mmz@dir@path/\mmz@prefix}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{key}{mkdir, mkdir command}
+% Should we create the memo/extern directory if it doesn't exist? And which
+% command should we use to create it? Of course, shell escape must be
+% properly configured for this to work (\MS\ref{sec:shell-escape}).
+% ^^A todo: What about quoting the paths containing spaces on Windows? Will this work?
+\mmzset{
+ mkdir/.is if=mmz@mkdir,
+ mkdir command/.code={\def\mmz@mkdir@command##1{#1}},
+ mkdir command={mkdir "#1"},
+}
+% The underlying conditional \cs{ifmmz@mkdir} is only ever used in
+% |\mmz@maybe@mkmemodir| below, which is itself only executed at the end of
+% |path| and in |begindocument|.
+\newif\ifmmz@mkdir
+\def\mmz@maybe@mkmemodir{%
+ \ifmmz@mkdir
+ \pdf@system{\mmz@mkdir@command{\mmzOutputDirectory\mmz@dir@path}}%
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{key}{memo dir, no memo dir}
+% Shortcuts for two common settings of |path| keys. The default |no memo
+% dir| will place the memos and externs in the current directory, prefixed
+% with |#1.|, where |#1| defaults to (unquoted) |\jobname|. Key |memo dir|
+% places the memos and externs in a dedicated directory, |#1.memo.dir|; the
+% filenames themselves have no prefix. Furthermore, |memo dir| triggers the
+% creation of the directory.
+\mmzset{%
+ memo dir/.style={
+ mkdir,
+ path={
+ relative,
+ dir={#1.memo.dir},
+ prefix={},
+ },
+ },
+ memo dir/.default=\mmzUnquote\jobname,
+ no memo dir/.style={
+ mkdir=false,
+ path={
+ relative,
+ dir={},
+ prefix={#1.},
+ },
+ },
+ no memo dir/.default=\mmzUnquote\jobname,
+ no memo dir,
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzUnquote}
+% If the expanded argument is surrounded by double quotes, remove them. This
+% relies on |#1| containing no quotes other than the potential surrounding
+% quotes, which should be the case when applying the macro to |\jobname|. An
+% empty |#1| is dealt with correctly, even if |\jobname| can hardly ever be
+% empty (needs |openout_any=a|).
+%
+% We use this macro when we are passing a filename constructed from
+% |\jobname| to external programs.
+\def\mmzUnquote#1{\expanded{\noexpand\mmz@unquote#1}\mmz@unquote@end}
+\def\mmz@unquote#1{%
+ \ifx\mmz@unquote@end#1%
+ \else
+ \ifx"#1%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\mmz@unquote@quotes
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\mmz@unquote@noquotes
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter#1%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+\def\mmz@unquote@quotes#1"\mmz@unquote@end{#1}
+\def\mmz@unquote@noquotes#1\mmz@unquote@end{#1}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{key}{ignore spaces}
+% The underlying conditional will be inspected by automemoization handlers,
+% to maybe put |\ignorespaces| after the invocation of the handler.
+\newif\ifmmz@ignorespaces
+\mmzset{
+ ignore spaces/.is if=mmz@ignorespaces,
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{key}{verbatim, verb, no verbatim}
+% These keys are tricky. For one, there's |verbatim|, which sets all
+% characters' category codes to other, and there's |verb|, which leaves
+% braces untouched (well, honestly, it redefines them). But Memoize itself
+% doesn't really care about this detail --- it only uses the underlying
+% conditional \cs{ifmmz@verbatim}. It is CollArgs which cares about the
+% difference between the ``long'' and the ``short'' verbatim, so we need to
+% tell it about it. That's why the verbatim options ``append themselves'' to
+% |\mmzRawCollectorOptions|, which is later passed on to
+% |\CollectArgumentsRaw| as a part of its optional argument.
+\newif\ifmmz@verbatim
+\def\mmzRawCollectorOptions{}
+\mmzset{
+ verbatim/.code={%
+ \def\mmzRawCollectorOptions{\collargsVerbatim}%
+ \mmz@verbatimtrue
+ },
+ verb/.code={%
+ \def\mmzRawCollectorOptions{\collargsVerb}%
+ \mmz@verbatimtrue
+ },
+ no verbatim/.code={%
+ \def\mmzRawCollectorOptions{\collargsNoVerbatim}%
+ \mmz@verbatimfalse
+ },
+}
+% \end{key}
+% \section{Memoization}
+% \label{sec:code:memoization}
+%
+% \subsection{Manual memoization}
+% \label{sec:code:memoization:manual}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz}
+% The core of this macro will be a simple invocation of |\Memoize|, but to
+% get there, we have to collect the optional argument carefully, because we
+% might have to collect the memoized code verbatim.
+\protected\def\mmz{\futurelet\mmz@temp\mmz@i}
+\def\mmz@i{%
+ % Anyone who wants to call |\Memoize| must open a group, because |\Memoize|
+ % will close a group.
+ \begingroup
+ % As the optional argument occurs after a control sequence (|\mmz|), any
+ % spaces were consumed and we can immediately test for the opening bracket.
+ \ifx\mmz@temp[%]
+ \def\mmz@verbatim@fix{}%
+ \expandafter\mmz@ii
+ \else
+ % If there was no optional argument, the opening brace (or the unlikely
+ % single token) of our mandatory argument is already tokenized. If we are
+ % requested to memoize in a verbatim mode, this non-verbatim tokenization
+ % was wrong, so we will use option |\collargsFixFromNoVerbatim| to ask
+ % CollArgs to fix the situation. (|\mmz@verbatim@fix| will only be used in
+ % the verbatim mode.)
+ \def\mmz@verbatim@fix{\noexpand\collargsFixFromNoVerbatim}%
+ % No optional argument, so we can skip |\mmz@ii|.
+ \expandafter\mmz@iii
+ \fi
+}
+\def\mmz@ii[#1]{%
+ % Apply the options given in the optional argument.
+ \mmzset{#1}%
+ \mmz@iii
+}
+\def\mmz@iii{%
+ % In the non-verbatim mode, we avoid collecting the single mandatory argument
+ % using |\CollectArguments|.
+ \ifmmz@verbatim
+ \expandafter\mmz@do@verbatim
+ \else
+ \expandafter\mmz@do
+ \fi
+}
+% This macro grabs the mandatory argument of |\mmz| and calls |\Memoize|.
+\long\def\mmz@do#1{%
+ \Memoize{#1}{#1}%
+}%
+%
+% The following macro uses |\CollectArgumentsRaw| of package CollArgs
+% (\S\ref{sec:code:collargs}) to grab the argument verbatim; the appropriate
+% verbatim mode triggering raw option was put in |\mmzRawCollectorOptions| by
+% key |verb(atim)|. The macro also |\mmz@verbatim@fix| contains the potential
+% request for a category code fix (\S\ref{sec:code:collargs:fix}).
+\def\mmz@do@verbatim#1{%
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\CollectArgumentsRaw{%
+ \noexpand\collargsCaller{\noexpand\mmz}%
+ \expandonce\mmzRawCollectorOptions
+ \mmz@verbatim@fix
+ }%
+ }{+m}\mmz@do
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{environment}{memoize}
+% The definition of the manual memoization environment proceeds along the
+% same lines as the definition of |\mmz|, except that we also have to
+% implement space-trimming, and that we will collect the environment using
+% |\CollectArguments| in both the verbatim and the non-verbatim and mode.
+%
+% We define the \hologo{LaTeX}, \hologo{plainTeX} and \hologo{ConTeXt}
+% environments in parallel. The definition of the \hologo{plainTeX} and
+% \hologo{ConTeXt} version is complicated by the fact that space-trimming is
+% affected by the presence vs.\ absence of the optional argument (for
+% purposes of space-trimming, it counts as present even if it is empty).
+%<*latex>
+% We define the \hologo{LaTeX} environment using |\newenvironment|, which
+% kindly grabs any spaces in front of the optional argument, if it exists ---
+% and if doesn't, we want to trim spaces at the beginning of the environment
+% body anyway.
+\newenvironment{memoize}[1][\mmz@noarg]{%
+ % We close the environment right away. We'll collect the environment body,
+ % complete with the end-tag, so we have to reintroduce the end-tag somewhere.
+ % Another place would be after the invocation of |\Memoize|, but that would
+ % put memoization into a double group and |\mmzAfterMemoization| would not work.
+ \end{memoize}%
+ % % We open the group which will be closed by |\Memoize|.
+ \begingroup
+ % As with |\mmz| above, if there was no optional argument, we have to ask
+ % Collargs for a fix. The difference is that, as we have collected the
+ % optional argument via |\newcommand|, we have to test for its presence in a
+ % roundabout way.
+ \def\mmz@temp{#1}%
+ \ifx\mmz@temp\mmz@noarg
+ \def\mmz@verbatim@fix{\noexpand\collargsFixFromNoVerbatim}%
+ \else
+ \def\mmz@verbatim@fix{}%
+ \mmzset{#1}%
+ \fi
+ \mmz@env@iii
+}{}
+\def\mmz@noarg{\mmz@noarg}
+%</latex>
+%<plain>\def\memoize{%
+%<context>\def\startmemoize{%
+%<*plain,context>
+ \begingroup
+ % In \hologo{plainTeX} and \hologo{ConTeXt}, we don't have to worry about any
+ % spaces in front of the optional argument, as the environments are opened by
+ % a control sequence.
+ \futurelet\mmz@temp\mmz@env@i
+}
+\def\mmz@env@i{%
+ \ifx\mmz@temp[%]
+ \def\mmz@verbatim@fix{}%
+ \expandafter\mmz@env@ii
+ \else
+ \def\mmz@verbatim@fix{\noexpand\collargsFixFromNoVerbatim}%
+ \expandafter\mmz@env@iii
+ \fi
+}
+\def\mmz@env@ii[#1]{%
+ \mmzset{#1}%
+ \mmz@env@iii
+}
+%</plain,context>
+\def\mmz@env@iii{%
+ \long\edef\mmz@do##1{%
+ % |\unskip| will ``trim'' spaces at the end of the environment body.
+ \noexpand\Memoize{##1}{##1\unskip}%
+ }%
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\CollectArgumentsRaw{%
+ % |\CollectArgumentsRaw| will adapt the caller to the format automatically.
+ \noexpand\collargsCaller{memoize}%
+ % |verb(atim)| is in here if it was requested.
+ \expandonce\mmzRawCollectorOptions
+ % The category code fix, if needed.
+ \ifmmz@verbatim\mmz@verbatim@fix\fi
+ }%
+ % Spaces at the beginning of the environment body are trimmed by setting
+ % the first argument to |!t<space>| and disappearing it with
+ % |\collargsAppendPostwrap{}|; note that this removes any number of space
+ % tokens. |\CollectArgumentsRaw| automatically adapts the argument type
+ % |b| to the format.
+ %
+ }{&&{\collargsAppendPostwrap{}}!t{ }+b{memoize}}{\mmz@do}%
+}%
+%</mmz>
+% \end{environment}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\nommz}
+% We throw away the optional argument if present, and replace the opening
+% brace with begin-group plus |\memoizefalse|. This way, the ``argument'' of
+% |\nommz| will be processed in a group (with Memoize disabled) and even the
+% verbatim code will work because the ``argument'' will not have been
+% tokenized.
+%
+% As a user command, |\nommz| has to make it into package |nomemoize| as
+% well, and we'll |\let| |\mmz| equal it there; it is not needed in
+% |mmzable|.
+%<*mmz,nommz>
+\protected\def\nommz#1#{%
+ \afterassignment\nommz@i
+ \let\mmz@temp
+}
+\def\nommz@i{%
+ \bgroup
+ \memoizefalse
+}
+%<nommz>\let\mmz\nommz
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{environment}{nomemoize}
+% We throw away the optional argument and take care of the spaces at the
+% beginning and at the end of the body.
+%<*latex>
+\newenvironment{nomemoize}[1][]{%
+ \memoizefalse
+ \ignorespaces
+}{%
+ \unskip
+}
+%</latex>
+%<*plain,context>
+%<plain>\def\nomemoize{%
+%<context>\def\startnomemoize{%
+% Start a group to delimit |\memoizefalse|.
+ \begingroup
+ \memoizefalse
+ \futurelet\mmz@temp\nommz@env@i
+}
+\def\nommz@env@i{%
+ \ifx\mmz@temp[%]
+ \expandafter\nommz@env@ii
+ % No optional argument, no problems with spaces.
+ \fi
+}
+\def\nommz@env@ii[#1]{%
+ \ignorespaces
+}
+%<plain>\def\endnomemoize{%
+%<context>\def\stopnomemoize{%
+ \endgroup
+ \unskip
+}
+%</plain,context>
+%<*nommz>
+%<plain,latex>\let\memoize\nomemoize
+%<plain,latex>\let\endmemoize\endnomemoize
+%<context>\let\startmemoize\startnomemoize
+%<context>\let\stopmemoize\stopnomemoize
+%</nommz>
+% \end{environment}
+%
+% \subsection{The memoization process}
+% \label{sec:code:memoization-process}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifmemoizing}
+% This conditional is set to true when we start memoization (but not when
+% we start regular compilation or utilization); it should never be set
+% anywhere else. It is checked by |\Memoize| to prevent nested
+% memoizations, deployed in advice run conditions set by |run only if
+% memoizing|, etc.
+\newif\ifmemoizing
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifinmemoize}
+% This conditional is set to true when we start either memoization or
+% regular compilation (but not when we start utilization); it should never
+% be set anywhere else. It is deployed in the default advice run conditions,
+% making sure that automemoized commands are not handled even when we're
+% regularly compiling some code submitted to memoization.
+\newif\ifinmemoize
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@maybe@scantokens}
+% An auxiliary macro which rescans the given
+% code using |\scantokens| if the verbatim mode is active. We also need it
+% in NoMemoize, to properly grab verbatim manually memoized code.
+%</mmz,nommz>
+%<*mmz>
+\def\mmz@maybe@scantokens{%
+ \ifmmz@verbatim
+ \expandafter\mmz@scantokens
+ \else
+ \expandafter\@firstofone
+ \fi
+}
+% Without |\newlinechar=13|, |\scantokens| would see receive the entire
+% argument as one long line --- but it would not \emph{see} the entire
+% argument, but only up to the first newline character, effectively losing most
+% of the tokens. (We need to manually save and restore |\newlinechar| because
+% we don't want to execute the memoized code in yet another group.)
+\long\def\mmz@scantokens#1{%
+ \expanded{%
+ \newlinechar=13
+ \unexpanded{\scantokens{#1\endinput}}%
+ \newlinechar=\the\newlinechar
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\Memoize}
+% Memoization is invoked by executing |\Memoize|. This macro is a decision
+% hub. It test for the existence of the memos and externs associated with
+% the memoized code, and takes the appropriate action (memoization:
+% |\mmz@memoize|; regular compilation: |\mmz@compile|, utilization:
+% |\mmz@process@cmemo| plus |\mmz@process@ccmemo| plus further complications)
+% depending on the memoization mode (normal, readonly, recompile). Note that
+% one should open a \hologo{TeX} group prior to executing |\Memoize|, because
+% |\Memoize| will close a group (\MS\ref{sec:Memoize}).
+%
+% |\Memoize| takes two arguments, which contain two potentially different
+% versions of the code submitted to memoization: |#1| contains the code which
+% \meta{code MD5 sum} is computed off of, while |#2| contains the code which
+% is actually executed during memoization and regular compilation. The
+% arguments will contain the same code in the case of manual memoization, but
+% they will differ in the case of automemoization, where the executable code
+% will typically prefixed by |\AdviceOriginal|. As the two
+% codes will be used not only by |\Memoize| but also by macros called from
+% |\Memoize|, |\Memoize| stores them into dedicated toks registers, declared
+% below.
+\newtoks\mmz@mdfive@source
+\newtoks\mmz@exec@source
+% Finally, the definition of the macro. In package NoMemoize, we should simply
+% execute the code in the second argument. But in Memoize, we have work to do.
+\let\Memoize\@secondoftwo
+\long\def\Memoize#1#2{%
+ % We store the first argument into token register |\mmz@mdfive@source|
+ % because we might have to include it in tracing info (when |trace| is in
+ % effect), or paste it into the c-memo (depending on |include source in
+ % cmemo|).
+ \mmz@mdfive@source{#1}%
+ % We store the executable code in |\mmz@exec@source|. In the verbatim mode,
+ % the code will have to be rescanned. This is implemented by
+ % |\mmz@maybe@scantokens|, and we wrap the code into this macro right away,
+ % once and for all. Even more, we pre-expand |\mmz@maybe@scantokens| (three
+ % times), effectively applying the current \cs{ifmmz@verbatim} and
+ % eliminating the need to save and restore this conditional in
+ % |\mmz@compile|, which (regularly) compiles the code \emph{after} closing
+ % the |\Memoize| group --- after this pre-expansion, |\mmz@exec@source| will
+ % contain either |\mmz@scantokens{...}| or |\@firstofone{...}|.
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
+ \mmz@exec@source
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
+ {%
+ \mmz@maybe@scantokens{#2}%
+ }%
+ \mmz@trace@Memoize
+ % In most branches below, we end up with regular compilation, so let this be
+ % the default action.
+ \let\mmz@action\mmz@compile
+ % If Memoize is disabled, or if memoization is currently taking place, we
+ % will perform a regular compilation.
+ \ifmemoizing
+ \else
+ \ifmemoize
+ % Compute \meta{code md5sum} off of the first argument, and globally
+ % store it into |\mmz@code@mdfivesum| --- globally, because we need it in
+ % utilization to include externs, but the |\Memoize| group is closed (by
+ % |\mmzMemo|) while inputting the cc-memo.
+ \xdef\mmz@code@mdfivesum{\pdf@mdfivesum{\the\mmz@mdfive@source}}%
+ \mmz@trace@code@mdfive
+ % Recompile mode forces memoization.
+ \ifnum\mmz@mode=\mmz@mode@recompile\relax
+ \ifnum\pdf@draftmode=0
+ \let\mmz@action\mmz@memoize
+ \fi
+ \else
+ % In the normal and the readonly mode, we try to utilize the memos. The
+ % c-memo comes first. If the c-memo does not exist (or if something is
+ % wrong with it), |\mmz@process@cmemo| (defined in
+ % \S\ref{sec:code:c-memo}) will set |\ifmmz@abort| to true. It might
+ % also set |\ifmmzUnmemoizable| which means we should compile normally
+ % regardless of the mode.
+ \mmz@process@cmemo
+ \ifmmzUnmemoizable
+ \mmz@trace@cmemo@unmemoizable
+ \else
+ \ifmmz@abort
+ % If there is no c-memo, or it is invalid, we memoize, unless the
+ % read-only mode is in effect.
+ \mmz@trace@process@cmemo@fail
+ \ifnum\mmz@mode=\mmz@mode@readonly\relax
+ \else
+ \ifnum\pdf@draftmode=0
+ \let\mmz@action\mmz@memoize
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \mmz@trace@process@cmemo@ok
+ % If the c-memo was fine, the formal action decided upon is to try
+ % utilizing the cc-memo. If it exists and everything is fine with
+ % it, |\mmz@process@ccmemo| (defined in
+ % section~\ref{sec:code:cc-memo}) will utilize it, i.e.\ the core
+ % of the cc-memo (the part following |\mmzMemo|) will be executed
+ % (typically including the single extern). Otherwise,
+ % |\mmz@process@ccmemo| will trigger either memoization (in the
+ % normal mode) or regular compilation (in the readonly mode). This
+ % final decision is left to |\mmz@process@ccmemo| because if we
+ % made it here, the code would get complicated, as the cc-memo must
+ % be processed outside the |\Memoize| group and all the
+ % conditionals in this macro.
+ \let\mmz@action\mmz@process@ccmemo
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \mmz@action
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@compile}
+% This macro performs regular compilation --- this is signalled to the
+% memoized code and the memoization driver by setting \cs{ifinmemoize} to
+% true for the duration of the compilation; \cs{ifmemoizing} is not touched.
+% The group opened prior to the invocation of |\Memoize| is closed before
+% executing the code in |\mmz@exec@source|, so that compiling the code has
+% the same local effect as if was not submitted to memoization; it is closing
+% this group early which complicates the restoration of \cs{ifinmemoize} at
+% the end of compilation. Note that |\mmz@exec@source| is already set to
+% properly deal with the current verbatim mode, so any further inspection of
+% \cs{ifmmz@verbatim} is unnecessary; the same goes for
+% \cs{ifmmz@ignorespaces}, which was (or at least should be) taken care of by
+% whoever called |\Memoize|.
+\def\mmz@compile{%
+ \mmz@trace@compile
+ \expanded{%
+ \endgroup
+ \noexpand\inmemoizetrue
+ \the\mmz@exec@source
+ \ifinmemoize\noexpand\inmemoizetrue\else\noexpand\inmemoizefalse\fi
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \begin{luafun}{abortOnError}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@lua@atbeginmemoization,\mmz@lua@atendmemoization}
+% In \hologo{LuaTeX}, we can whether an error occurred during memoization,
+% and abort if it did. (We're going through |memoize.abort|, because
+% |tex.print| does not seem to work during error handling.) We omit all
+% this in \hologo{ConTeXt}, as it appears to stop on any error?
+%<*!context>
+\ifdefined\luatexversion
+ \directlua{%
+ luatexbase.add_to_callback(
+ "show_error_message",
+ function()
+ memoize.abort = true
+ texio.write_nl(status.lasterrorstring)
+ end,
+ "Abort memoization on error"
+ )
+ }%
+ \def\mmz@lua@atbeginmemoization{%
+ \directlua{memoize.abort = false}%
+ }%
+ \def\mmz@lua@atendmemoization{%
+ \directlua{%
+ if memoize.abort then
+ tex.print("\noexpand\\mmzAbort")
+ end
+ }%
+ }%
+\else
+%</!context>
+ \let\mmz@lua@atbeginmemoization\relax
+ \let\mmz@lua@atendmemoization\relax
+%<!context>\fi
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{luafun}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@memoize}
+% This macro performs memoization --- this is signalled to the memoized code
+% and the memoization driver by setting both \cs{ifinmemoize} and
+% \cs{ifinmemoizing} to true.
+\def\mmz@memoize{%
+ \mmz@trace@memoize
+ \memoizingtrue
+ \inmemoizetrue
+ % Initialize the various macros and registers used in memoization (to be
+ % described below, or later). Note that most of these are global, as they
+ % might be adjusted arbitrarily deep within the memoized code.
+ \edef\memoizinggrouplevel{\the\currentgrouplevel}%
+ \global\mmz@abortfalse
+ \global\mmzUnmemoizablefalse
+ \global\mmz@seq 0
+ \global\setbox\mmz@tbe@box\vbox{}%
+ \global\mmz@ccmemo@resources{}%
+ \global\mmzCMemo{}%
+ \global\mmzCCMemo{}%
+ \global\mmzContextExtra{}%
+ \gdef\mmzAtEndMemoizationExtra{}%
+ \gdef\mmzAfterMemoizationExtra{}%
+ \mmz@lua@atbeginmemoization
+ % Execute the pre-memoization hook, the memoized code (wrapped in the
+ % driver), and the post-memoization hook.
+ \mmzAtBeginMemoization
+ \mmzDriver{\the\mmz@exec@source}%
+ \mmzAtEndMemoization
+ \mmzAtEndMemoizationExtra
+ \mmz@lua@atendmemoization
+ \ifmmzUnmemoizable
+ % To permanently prevent memoization, we have to write down the c-memo
+ % (containing |\mmzUnmemoizabletrue|). We don't need the extra context in
+ % this case.
+ \global\mmzContextExtra{}%
+ \gtoksapp\mmzCMemo{\global\mmzUnmemoizabletrue}%
+ \mmz@write@cmemo
+ \mmz@trace@endmemoize@unmemoizable
+ \PackageWarning{memoize}{Marking this code as unmemoizable}%
+ \else
+ \ifmmz@abort
+ % If memoization was aborted, we create an empty c-memo, to make sure that
+ % no leftover c-memo tricks Memoize into thinking that the code was
+ % successfully memoized.
+ \mmz@trace@endmemoize@aborted
+ \PackageWarning{memoize}{Memoization was aborted}%
+ \mmz@write@empty@cmemo
+ \else
+ % If memoization was not aborted, we compute the \meta{context md5sum},
+ % open and write out the memos, and shipout the externs (as pages into the
+ % document).
+ \mmz@compute@context@mdfivesum
+ \mmz@write@cmemo
+ \mmz@write@ccmemo
+ \mmz@shipout@externs
+ \mmz@trace@endmemoize@ok
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ % After closing the group, we execute the final, after-memoization hook (we
+ % pre-expand the regular macro; the extra macro was assigned to globally). In
+ % the after-memoization code, |\mmzIncludeExtern| points to a macro which can
+ % include the extern from |\mmz@tbe@box|, which makes it possible to typeset
+ % the extern by dropping the contents of |\mmzCCMemo| into this hook --- but
+ % note that this will only work if |\ifmmzkeepexterns| was in effect at the
+ % end of memoization.
+ \expandafter\endgroup
+ \expandafter\let
+ \expandafter\mmzIncludeExtern\expandafter\mmz@include@extern@from@tbe@box
+ \mmzAfterMemoization
+ \mmzAfterMemoizationExtra
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\memoizinggrouplevel}
+% This macro stores the group level at the beginning of memoization. It is
+% deployed by |\IfMemoizing|, normally used by integrated drivers.
+\def\memoizinggrouplevel{-1}%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzAbort}
+% Memoized code may execute this macro to abort memoization.
+\def\mmzAbort{\global\mmz@aborttrue}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifmmz@abort}
+% This conditional serves as a signal that something went wrong during
+% memoization (where it is set to true by |\mmzAbort|), or c(c)-memo
+% processing. The assignment to this conditional should always be global
+% (because it may be set during memoization).
+\newif\ifmmz@abort
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzUnmemoizable}
+% Memoized code may execute |\mmzUnmemoizable| to abort memoization and mark
+% (in the c-memo) that memoization should never be attempted again. The
+% c-memo is composed by |\mmz@memoize|.
+\def\mmzUnmemoizable{\global\mmzUnmemoizabletrue}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifmmzUnmemoizable}
+% This conditional serves as a signal that the code should never be
+% memoized. It can be set (a) during memoization (that's why it should be
+% assigned globally), after which it is inspected by |\mmz@memoize|, and
+% (b) from the c-memo, in which case it is inspected by |\Memoize|.
+\newif\ifmmzUnmemoizable
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzAtBeginMemoization,\mmzAtEndMemoization,\mmzAfterMemoization}
+% \begin{key}{at begin memoization, at end memoization, after memoization}
+% The memoization hooks and their keys. The hook macros may be set either
+% before or during memoization. In the former case, one should modify the
+% primary macro (|\mmzAtBeginMemoization|, |\mmzAtEndMemoization|,
+% |\mmzAfterMemoization|), and the assignment should be local. In the
+% latter case, one should modify the extra macro
+% (|\mmzAtEndMemoizationExtra|, |\mmzAfterMemoizationExtra|; there is no
+% |\mmzAtBeginMemoizationExtra|), and the assignment should be global. The
+% keys automatically adapt to the situation, by appending either to the
+% primary or the the extra macro; if |at begin memoization| is used during
+% memoization, the given code is executed immediately. We will use this
+% ``extra'' approach and the auto-adapting keys for other options, like
+% |context|, as well.
+\def\mmzAtBeginMemoization{}
+\def\mmzAtEndMemoization{}
+\def\mmzAfterMemoization{}
+\mmzset{
+ at begin memoization/.code={%
+ \ifmemoizing
+ \expandafter\@firstofone
+ \else
+ \expandafter\appto\expandafter\mmzAtBeginMemoization
+ \fi
+ {#1}%
+ },
+ at end memoization/.code={%
+ \ifmemoizing
+ \expandafter\gappto\expandafter\mmzAtEndMemoizationExtra
+ \else
+ \expandafter\appto\expandafter\mmzAtEndMemoization
+ \fi
+ {#1}%
+ },
+ after memoization/.code={%
+ \ifmemoizing
+ \expandafter\gappto\expandafter\mmzAfterMemoizationExtra
+ \else
+ \expandafter\appto\expandafter\mmzAfterMemoization
+ \fi
+ {#1}%
+ },
+}
+% \end{key}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{key}{driver}
+% This key sets the (formal) memoization driver. The function of the driver
+% is to produce the memos and externs while executing the submitted code.
+\mmzset{
+ driver/.store in=\mmzDriver,
+ driver=\mmzSingleExternDriver,
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ifmmzkeepexterns}
+% This conditional causes Memoize not to empty out |\mmz@tbe@box|, holding
+% the externs collected during memoization, while shipping them out.
+\newif\ifmmzkeepexterns
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzSingleExternDriver}
+% The default memoization driver externalizes the submitted code. It always
+% produces exactly one extern, and including the extern will be the only
+% effect of inputting the cc-memo (unless the memoized code contained some
+% commands, like |\label|, which added extra instructions to the cc-memo.)
+% The macro (i) adds |\quitvmode| to the cc-memo, if we're capturing into a
+% horizontal box, and it puts it to the very front, so that it comes before
+% any |\label| and |\index| replications, guaranteeing (hopefully) that they
+% refer to the correct page; (ii) takes the code and typesets it in a box
+% (|\mmz@box|); (iii) submits the box for externalization; (iv) adds the
+% extern-inclusion code to the cc-memo, and (v) puts the box into the
+% document (again prefixing it with |\quitvmode| if necessary). (The listing
+% region markers help us present this code in the manual.)
+% \begin{listingregion}{single-extern-driver.tex}
+\long\def\mmzSingleExternDriver#1{%
+ \xtoksapp\mmzCCMemo{\mmz@maybe@quitvmode}%
+ \setbox\mmz@box\mmz@capture{#1}%
+ \mmzExternalizeBox\mmz@box\mmz@temptoks
+ \xtoksapp\mmzCCMemo{\the\mmz@temptoks}%
+ \mmz@maybe@quitvmode\box\mmz@box
+}
+% \end{listingregion}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{key}{capture}
+% The default memoization driver uses |\mmz@capture| and
+% |\mmz@maybe@quitvmode|, which are set by this key. |\mmz@maybe@quitvmode|
+% will be expanded, but for \hologo{XeTeX}, we have defined |\quitvmode| as a
+% synonym for |\leavevmode|, which is a macro rather than a primitive, so we
+% have to prevent its expansion in that case. It is easiest to just add
+% |\noexpand|, regardless of the engine used.
+\mmzset{
+ capture/.is choice,
+ capture/hbox/.code={%
+ \let\mmz@capture\hbox
+ \def\mmz@maybe@quitvmode{\noexpand\quitvmode}%
+ },
+ capture/vbox/.code={%
+ \let\mmz@capture\vbox
+ \def\mmz@maybe@quitvmode{}%
+ },
+ capture=hbox,
+}
+% \end{key}
+% The memoized code may be memoization-aware; in such a case, we say that the
+% driver is \emph{integrated} into the code. Code containing an integrated
+% driver must take care to execute it only when memoizing, and not during a
+% regular compilation. The following key and macro can help here, see
+% \MS\ref{sec:memoization-complex-single-driver} for details.
+%
+% \begin{mmzautokey}{integrated driver}
+% This is an advice key, residing in |/mmz/auto|. Given \meta{suffix} as the
+% only argument, it declares conditional \cs{ifmemoizing}\meta{suffix}, and
+% sets the driver for the automemoized command to a macro which sets this
+% conditional to true. The declared conditional is \emph{internal} and
+% should not be used directly, but only via |\IfMemoizing| --- because it
+% will not be declared when package NoMemoize or only Memoizable is loaded.
+\mmzset{
+ auto/integrated driver/.style={
+ after setup={\expandafter\newif\csname ifmmz@memoizing#1\endcsname},
+ driver/.expand once={%
+ \csname mmz@memoizing#1true\endcsname
+ % Without this, we would introduce an extra group around the memoized
+ % code.
+ \@firstofone
+ }%
+ },
+}
+% \end{mmzautokey}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\IfMemoizing}
+% Without the optional argument, the condition is satisfied when the internal
+% conditional \cs{ifmemoizing}\meta{suffix}, declared by |integrated driver|,
+% is true. With the optional argument \meta{offset}, the current group level
+% must additionally match the memoizing group level, modulo \meta{offset} ---
+% this makes sure that the conditional comes out as false in a regular
+% compilation embedded in a memoization.
+\newcommand\IfMemoizing[2][\mmz@Ifmemoizing@nogrouplevel]{%>\fi
+\csname ifmmz@memoizing#2\endcsname%>\if
+ % One |\relax| is for the |\numexpr|, another for |\ifnum|. Complications
+ % arise when |#1| is the optional argument default (defined below). In
+ % that case, the content of |\mmz@Ifmemoizing@nogrouplevel| closes off the
+ % |\ifnum| conditional (with both the true and the false branch empty), and
+ % opens up a new one, |\iftrue|. Effectively, we're not testing for the
+ % group level match.
+ \ifnum\currentgrouplevel=\the\numexpr\memoizinggrouplevel+#1\relax\relax
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\@firstoftwo
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\@secondoftwo
+ \fi
+\else
+ \expandafter\@secondoftwo
+\fi
+}
+\def\mmz@Ifmemoizing@nogrouplevel{0\relax\relax\fi\iftrue}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \paragraph.{Tracing} We populate the hooks which send the tracing info to the
+% terminal.
+\def\mmz@trace#1{\immediate\write16{[tracing memoize] #1}}
+\def\mmz@trace@context{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ Context: "\expandonce{\mmz@context@key}" --> \mmz@context@mdfivesum}}
+\def\mmz@trace@Memoize@on{%
+ \mmz@trace{%
+ Entering \noexpand\Memoize (%
+ \ifmemoize enabled\else disabled\fi,
+ \ifnum\mmz@mode=\mmz@mode@recompile recompile\fi
+ \ifnum\mmz@mode=\mmz@mode@readonly readonly\fi
+ \ifnum\mmz@mode=\mmz@mode@normal normal\fi
+ \space mode) on line \the\inputlineno
+ }%
+ \mmz@trace{\space\space Code: \the\mmz@mdfive@source}%
+}
+\def\mmz@trace@code@mdfive@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ Code md5sum: \mmz@code@mdfivesum}}
+\def\mmz@trace@compile@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space Compiling}}
+\def\mmz@trace@memoize@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space Memoizing}}
+\def\mmz@trace@endmemoize@ok@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ Memoization completed}}%
+\def\mmz@trace@endmemoize@aborted@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ Memoization was aborted}}
+\def\mmz@trace@endmemoize@unmemoizable@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ Marking this code as unmemoizable}}
+% No need for |\mmz@trace@endmemoize@fail|, as abortion results in a package
+% warning anyway.
+\def\mmz@trace@process@cmemo@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ Attempting to utilize c-memo \mmz@cmemo@path}}
+\def\mmz@trace@process@no@cmemo@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ C-memo does not exist}}
+\def\mmz@trace@process@cmemo@ok@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ C-memo was processed successfully}\mmz@trace@context}
+\def\mmz@trace@process@cmemo@fail@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ C-memo input failed}}
+\def\mmz@trace@cmemo@unmemoizable@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ This code was marked as unmemoizable}}
+\def\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@on{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ Attempting to utilize cc-memo \mmz@ccmemo@path\space
+ (\ifmmz@direct@ccmemo@input\else in\fi direct input)}}
+\def\mmz@trace@resource@on#1{\mmz@trace{\space\space
+ Extern file does not exist: #1}}
+\def\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@ok@on{%
+ \mmz@trace{\space\space Utilization successful}}
+\def\mmz@trace@process@no@ccmemo@on{%
+ \mmz@trace{\space\space CC-memo does not exist}}
+\def\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@fail@on{%
+ \mmz@trace{\space\space Cc-memo input failed}}
+%
+% \begin{key}{tracing}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzTracingOn,\mmzTracingOff}
+% The user interface for switching the tracing on and off; initially, it is
+% off. Note that there is no underlying conditional. The off version
+% simply |\let|s all the tracing hooks to |\relax|, so that the overhead of
+% having the tracing functionality available is negligible.
+\mmzset{%
+ trace/.is choice,
+ trace/.default=true,
+ trace/true/.code=\mmzTracingOn,
+ trace/false/.code=\mmzTracingOff,
+}
+\def\mmzTracingOn{%
+ \let\mmz@trace@Memoize\mmz@trace@Memoize@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@code@mdfive\mmz@trace@code@mdfive@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@compile\mmz@trace@compile@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@memoize\mmz@trace@memoize@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@cmemo\mmz@trace@process@cmemo@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@endmemoize@ok\mmz@trace@endmemoize@ok@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@endmemoize@unmemoizable\mmz@trace@endmemoize@unmemoizable@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@endmemoize@aborted\mmz@trace@endmemoize@aborted@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@cmemo\mmz@trace@process@cmemo@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@cmemo@ok\mmz@trace@process@cmemo@ok@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@no@cmemo\mmz@trace@process@no@cmemo@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@cmemo@fail\mmz@trace@process@cmemo@fail@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@cmemo@unmemoizable\mmz@trace@cmemo@unmemoizable@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@resource\mmz@trace@resource@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@ok\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@ok@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@no@ccmemo\mmz@trace@process@no@ccmemo@on
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@fail\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@fail@on
+}
+\def\mmzTracingOff{%
+ \let\mmz@trace@Memoize\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@code@mdfive\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@compile\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@memoize\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@cmemo\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@endmemoize@ok\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@endmemoize@unmemoizable\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@endmemoize@aborted\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@cmemo\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@cmemo@ok\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@no@cmemo\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@cmemo@fail\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@cmemo@unmemoizable\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@resource\@gobble
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@ok\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@no@ccmemo\relax
+ \let\mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@fail\relax
+}
+\mmzTracingOff
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{key}
+%
+%</mmz>
+%<nommz,mmzable>\newcommand\IfMemoizing[2][]{\@secondoftwo}
+%<*mmz>
+%
+% \subsection{Context}
+% \label{sec:code:context}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzContext,\mmzContextExtra}
+% The context expression is stored in two token registers. Outside
+% memoization, we will locally assign to |\mmzContext|; during memoization,
+% we will globally assign to |\mmzContextExtra|.
+\newtoks\mmzContext
+\newtoks\mmzContextExtra
+% \end{macro}
+% \begin{key}{context, clear context}
+% The user interface keys for context manipulation hide the complexity
+% underlying the context storage from the user.
+\mmzset{%
+ context/.code={%
+ \ifmemoizing
+ \expandafter\gtoksapp\expandafter\mmzContextExtra
+ \else
+ \expandafter\toksapp\expandafter\mmzContext
+ \fi
+ % We append a comma to the given context chunk, for disambiguation.
+ {#1,}%
+ },
+ clear context/.code={%
+ \ifmemoizing
+ \expandafter\global\expandafter\mmzContextExtra
+ \else
+ \expandafter\mmzContext
+ \fi
+ {}%
+ },
+ clear context/.value forbidden,
+ % \end{key}
+ % \begin{key}{meaning to context, csname meaning to context, key meaning to
+ % context, key value to context, /handlers/.meaning to context,
+ % /handlers/.value to context}
+ % Utilities to put the meaning of various stuff into |context|.
+ meaning to context/.code={\forcsvlist\mmz@mtoc{#1}},
+ csname meaning to context/.code={\mmz@mtoc@cs{#1}},
+ key meaning to context/.code={\forcsvlist\mmz@mtoc\mmz@mtoc@keycmd{#1}},
+ key value to context/.code={\forcsvlist\mmz@mtoc@key{#1}},
+ /handlers/.meaning to context/.code={%
+ \expanded{\noexpand\mmz@mtoc@cs{pgfk@\pgfkeyscurrentpath/.@cmd}}},
+ /handlers/.value to context/.code={%
+ \expanded{\noexpand\mmz@mtoc@cs{pgfk@\pgfkeyscurrentpath}}},
+}
+\def\mmz@mtoc#1{%
+ \collargs@cs@cases{#1}%
+ {\mmz@mtoc@cmd{#1}}%
+ {\mmz@mtoc@error@notcsorenv{#1}}%
+ {%
+ \mmz@mtoc@cs{%
+ %<context>start%
+ #1}%
+ \mmz@mtoc@cs{%
+ %<latex,plain>end%
+ %<context>stop%
+ #1}%
+ }%
+}
+\def\mmz@mtoc@cmd#1{%
+ \begingroup
+ \escapechar=-1
+ \expandafter\endgroup
+ \expandafter\mmz@mtoc@cs\expandafter{\string#1}%
+}
+\def\mmz@mtoc@cs#1{%
+ \pgfkeysvalueof{/mmz/context/.@cmd}%
+ \expandafter\string\csname#1\endcsname={\expandafter\meaning\csname#1\endcsname}%
+ \pgfeov
+}
+\def\mmz@mtoc@key#1{\mmz@mtoc@cs{pgfk@#1}}
+\def\mmz@mtoc@key#1{\mmz@mtoc@cs{pgfk@#1/.@cmd}}
+\def\mmz@mtoc@error@notcsorenv#1{%
+ \PackageError{memoize}{'\detokenize{#1}' passed to key 'meaning to context' is neither a command nor an environment}{}%
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+%
+% \subsection{C-memos}
+% \label{sec:code:c-memo}
+%
+% \paragraph{The path} to a c-memo consists of the path prefix, the MD5 sum of
+% the memoized code, and suffix |.memo|.
+\def\mmz@cmemo@path{\mmz@prefix@path\mmz@code@mdfivesum.memo}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzCMemo}
+% The additional, free-form content of the c-memo is collected in this token
+% register.
+\newtoks\mmzCMemo
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{key}{include source in cmemo}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifmmz@include@source}
+% Should we include the memoized code in
+% the c-memo? By default, yes. \bigskip
+\mmzset{%
+ include source in cmemo/.is if=mmz@include@source,
+}
+\newif\ifmmz@include@source
+\mmz@include@sourcetrue
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@write@cmemo}
+% This macro creates the c-memo from the contents of |\mmzContextExtra| and
+% |\mmzCMemo|.
+\def\mmz@write@cmemo{%
+ % Open the file for writing.
+ \immediate\openout\mmz@out{\mmz@cmemo@path}%
+ % The memo starts with the |\mmzMemo| marker (a signal that the memo is valid).
+ \immediate\write\mmz@out{\noexpand\mmzMemo}%
+ % We store the content of |\mmzContextExtra| by writing out a command that
+ % will (globally) assign its content back into this register.
+ \immediate\write\mmz@out{%
+ \global\mmzContextExtra{\the\mmzContextExtra}\collargs@percentchar
+ }%
+ % Write out the free-form part of the c-memo.
+ \immediate\write\mmz@out{\the\mmzCMemo\collargs@percentchar}%
+ % When |include source in cmemo| is in effect, add the memoized code, hiding
+ % it behind the |\mmzSource| marker.
+ \ifmmz@include@source
+ \immediate\write\mmz@out{\noexpand\mmzSource}%
+ \immediate\write\mmz@out{\the\mmz@mdfive@source}%
+ \fi
+ % Close the file.
+ \immediate\closeout\mmz@out
+ % Record that we wrote a new c-memo.
+ \pgfkeysalso{/mmz/record/new cmemo={\mmz@cmemo@path}}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@write@empty@cmemo}
+% This macro is used to create an empty c-memo on aborted memoization, to
+% make sure that no leftover c-memo tricks Memoize into thinking that the
+% code was successfully memoized.
+\def\mmz@write@empty@cmemo{%
+ \immediate\openout\mmz@out{\mmz@cmemo@path}%
+ \immediate\closeout\mmz@out
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzSource}
+% The c-memo memoized code marker. This macro is synonymous with |\endinput|,
+% so the source following it is ignored when inputting the c-memo.
+\let\mmzSource\endinput
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@process@cmemo}
+% This macro inputs the c-memo, which will update the context code, which we
+% can then compute the MD5 sum of.
+\def\mmz@process@cmemo{%
+ \mmz@trace@process@cmemo
+ % |\ifmmz@abort| serves as a signal that the c-memo exists and is of correct
+ % form.
+ \global\mmz@aborttrue
+ % If c-memo sets |\ifmmzUnmemoizable|, we will compile regularly.
+ \global\mmzUnmemoizablefalse
+ \def\mmzMemo{\global\mmz@abortfalse}%
+ % Just a safeguard \dots\ c-memo assigns to |\mmzContextExtra| anyway.
+ \global\mmzContextExtra{}%
+ % Input the c-memo, if it exists, and record that we have used it.
+ \IfFileExists{\mmz@cmemo@path}{%
+ \input{\mmz@cmemo@path}%
+ \pgfkeysalso{/mmz/record/used cmemo={\mmz@cmemo@path}}%
+ }{%
+ \mmz@trace@process@no@cmemo
+ }%
+ % Compute the context MD5 sum.
+ \mmz@compute@context@mdfivesum
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@compute@context@mdfivesum}
+% This macro computes the MD5 sum of the concatenation of |\mmzContext| and
+% |\mmzContextExtra|, and writes out the tracing info when |trace context| is
+% in effect. The argument is the tracing note.
+% \end{macro}
+\def\mmz@compute@context@mdfivesum{%
+ \xdef\mmz@context@key{\the\mmzContext\the\mmzContextExtra}%
+ % A special provision for padding, which occurs in the context by default,
+ % and may contain otherwise undefined macros referring to the extern
+ % dimensions. We make sure that when we expand the context key,
+ % |\mmz@paddings| contains the stringified |\width| etc., while these macros
+ % (which may be employed by the end user in the context expression), are
+ % returned to their original definitions.
+ \begingroup
+ \begingroup
+ \def\width{\string\width}%
+ \def\height{\string\height}%
+ \def\depth{\string\depth}%
+ \edef\mmz@paddings{\mmz@paddings}%
+ \expandafter\endgroup
+ \expandafter\def\expandafter\mmz@paddings\expandafter{\mmz@paddings}%
+ % We pre-expand the concatenated context, for tracing\slash inclusion in the
+ % cc-memo. In \hologo{LaTeX}, we protect the expansion, as the context
+ % expression may contain whatever.
+ %<latex>\protected@xdef
+ %<!latex>\xdef
+ \mmz@context@key{\mmz@context@key}%
+ \endgroup
+ % Compute the MD5 sum. We have to assign globally, because this macro is (also)
+ % called after inputting the c-memo, while the resulting MD5 sum is used to
+ % input the cc-memo, which happens outside the |\Memoize| group.
+ % |\mmz@context@mdfivesum|.
+ \xdef\mmz@context@mdfivesum{\pdf@mdfivesum{\expandonce\mmz@context@key}}%
+}
+%
+%
+% \subsection{Cc-memos}
+% \label{sec:code:cc-memo}
+%
+% \paragraph{The path} to a cc-memo consists of the path prefix, the
+% hyphen-separated MD5 sums of the memoized code and the (evaluated) context,
+% and suffix |.memo|.
+\def\mmz@ccmemo@path{%
+ \mmz@prefix@path\mmz@code@mdfivesum-\mmz@context@mdfivesum.memo}
+%
+% \paragraph{The structure} of a cc-memo:
+% \begin{itemize}
+% \item the list of resources consisting of calls to |\mmzResource|;
+% \item the core memo code (which includes the externs when executed),
+% introduced by marker |\mmzMemo|; and,
+% \item optionally, the context expansion, introduced by marker
+% |\mmzThisContext|.
+% \end{itemize}
+%
+% We begin the cc-memo with a list of extern files included by the core memo
+% code so that we can check whether these files exist prior to executing the
+% core memo code. Checking this on the fly, while executing the core memo
+% code, would be too late, as that code is arbitrary (and also executed outside
+% the |\Memoize| group).
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzCCMemo}
+% During memoization, the core content of the cc-memo is collected into this
+% token register.
+\newtoks\mmzCCMemo
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{key}{include context in ccmemo}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifmmz@include@context}
+% Should we include the context expansion in the cc-memo? By default, no.
+% \bigskip
+\newif\ifmmz@include@context
+\mmzset{%
+ include context in ccmemo/.is if=mmz@include@context,
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{key}{direct ccmemo input}
+% \begin{macro}{\ifmmz@direct@ccmemo@input}
+% When this conditional is false, the
+% cc-memo is read indirectly, via a token register, to facilitate
+% inverse search. \bigskip
+\newif\ifmmz@direct@ccmemo@input
+\mmzset{%
+ direct ccmemo input/.is if=mmz@direct@ccmemo@input,
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@write@ccmemo}
+% This macro creates the cc-memo from the list of resources in
+% |\mmz@ccmemo@resources| and the contents of |\mmzCCMemo|.
+\def\mmz@write@ccmemo{%
+ % Open the cc-memo file for writing. Note that the filename contains the
+ % context MD5 sum, which can only be computed after memoization, as the
+ % memoized code can update the context. This is one of the two reasons why
+ % we couldn't write the cc-memo directly into the file, but had to collect
+ % its contents into token register |\mmzCCMemo|.
+ \immediate\openout\mmz@out{\mmz@ccmemo@path}%
+ % Token register |\mmz@ccmemo@resources| consists of calls to
+ % |\mmz@ccmemo@append@resource|, so the following code writes down the list
+ % of created externs into the cc-memo. Wanting to have this list at the top
+ % of the cc-memo is the other reason for the roundabout creation of the
+ % cc-memo --- the resources become known only during memoization, as well.
+ \begingroup
+ \the\mmz@ccmemo@resources
+ \endgroup
+ % Write down the content of |\mmzMemo|, but first introduce it by the
+ % |\mmzMemo| marker.
+ \immediate\write\mmz@out{\noexpand\mmzMemo}%
+ \immediate\write\mmz@out{\the\mmzCCMemo\collargs@percentchar}%
+ % Write down the context tracing info when |include context in ccmemo| is in
+ % effect.
+ \ifmmz@include@context
+ \immediate\write\mmz@out{\noexpand\mmzThisContext}%
+ \immediate\write\mmz@out{\expandonce{\mmz@context@key}}%
+ \fi
+ % Insert the end-of-file marker and close the file.
+ \immediate\write\mmz@out{\noexpand\mmzEndMemo}%
+ \immediate\closeout\mmz@out
+ % Record that we wrote a new cc-memo.
+ \pgfkeysalso{/mmz/record/new ccmemo={\mmz@ccmemo@path}}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@ccmemo@append@resource}
+% Append the resource to the cc-memo (we are nice to external utilities and
+% put each resource on its own line). |#1| is the sequential number of the
+% extern belonging to the memoized code; below, we assign it to |\mmz@seq|,
+% which appears in |\mmz@extern@name|. Note that |\mmz@extern@name| only
+% contains the extern filename --- without the path, so that externs can be
+% used by several projects, or copied around.
+\def\mmz@ccmemo@append@resource#1{%
+ \mmz@seq=#1\relax
+ \immediate\write\mmz@out{%
+ \string\mmzResource{\mmz@extern@name}\collargs@percentchar}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzResource}
+% A list of these macros is located at the top of a cc-memo. The macro
+% checks for the existence of the extern file, given as |#1|. If the extern
+% does not exist, we redefine |\mmzMemo| to |\endinput|, so that the core
+% content of the cc-memo is never executed; see also |\mmz@process@ccmemo|
+% above.
+\def\mmzResource#1{%
+ % We check for existence using |\pdffilesize|, because an empty PDF, which
+ % might be produced by a failed \hologo{TeX}-based extraction, should count
+ % as no file. The |0| behind |\ifnum| is there because |\pdffilesize|
+ % returns an empty string when the file does not exist.
+ \ifnum0\pdf@filesize{\mmz@dir@path/#1}=0
+ \ifmmz@direct@ccmemo@input
+ \let\mmzMemo\endinput
+ \else
+ % With indirect cc-memo input, we simulate end-of-input by grabbing
+ % everything up to the end-of-memo marker. In the indirect cc-memo
+ % input, a |\par| token shows up after |\mmzEndMemo|, I'm not sure why
+ % (|\everyeof={}| does not help).
+ \long\def\mmzMemo##1\mmzEndMemo\par{}%
+ \fi
+ \mmz@trace@resource{#1}%
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@process@ccmemo,\mmzThisContext,\mmzEndMemo}
+% This macro processes the cc-memo.
+\def\mmz@process@ccmemo{%
+ \mmz@trace@process@ccmemo
+ % The following conditional signals whether cc-memo was successfully
+ % utilized. If the cc-memo file does not exist, |\ifmmz@abort| will remain
+ % true. If it exists, it is headed by the list of resources. If a
+ % resource check fails, |\mmzMemo| (which follows the list of resources) is
+ % redefined to |\endinput|, so |\ifmmz@abort| remains true. However, if
+ % all resource checks are successful, |\mmzMemo| marker is reached with
+ % the below definition in effect, so |\ifmmz@abort| becomes false. Note
+ % that this marker also closes the |\Memoize| group, so that the core
+ % cc-memo content is executed in the original group --- and that this
+ % does not happen if anything goes wrong!
+ \global\mmz@aborttrue
+ % Note that |\mmzMemo| may be redefined by |\mmzResource| upon an unavailable
+ % extern file.
+ \def\mmzMemo{%
+ \endgroup
+ \global\mmz@abortfalse
+ % We |\let| the control sequence used for extern inclusion in the cc-memo to
+ % the macro which includes the extern from the extern file.
+ \let\mmzIncludeExtern\mmz@include@extern
+ }%
+ % Define |\mmzEndMemo| wrt |\ifmmz@direct@ccmemo@input|, whose value will be
+ % lost soon because |\mmMemo| will close the group --- that's also why this
+ % definition is global.
+ \xdef\mmzEndMemo{%
+ \ifmmz@direct@ccmemo@input
+ \noexpand\endinput
+ \else
+ % In the indirect cc-memo input, a |\par| token shows up after
+ % |\mmzEndMemo|, I'm not sure why (|\everyeof={}| does not help).
+ \unexpanded{%
+ \def\mmz@temp\par{}%
+ \mmz@temp
+ }%
+ \fi
+ }%
+ % The cc-memo context marker, again wrt |\ifmmz@direct@ccmemo@input| and
+ % globally. With direct cc-memo input, this macro is synonymous with
+ % |\endinput|, so the (expanded) context following it is ignored when
+ % inputting the cc-memo. With indirect input, we simulate end-of-input by
+ % grabbing everything up to the end-of-memo marker (plus gobble the |\par|
+ % mentioned above).
+ \xdef\mmzThisContext{%
+ \ifmmz@direct@ccmemo@input
+ \noexpand\endinput
+ \else
+ \unexpanded{%
+ \long\def\mmz@temp##1\mmzEndMemo\par{}%
+ \mmz@temp
+ }%
+ \fi
+ }%
+ % Input the cc-memo if it exists.
+ \IfFileExists{\mmz@ccmemo@path}{%
+ \ifmmz@direct@ccmemo@input
+ \input{\mmz@ccmemo@path}%
+ \else
+ % Indirect cc-memo input reads the cc-memo into a token register and
+ % executes the contents of this register.
+ \filetotoks\toks@{\mmz@ccmemo@path}%
+ \the\toks@
+ \fi
+ % Record that we have used the cc-memo.
+ \pgfkeysalso{/mmz/record/used ccmemo={\mmz@ccmemo@path}}%
+ }{%
+ \mmz@trace@process@no@ccmemo
+ }%
+ \ifmmz@abort
+ % The cc-memo doesn't exist, or some of the resources don't. We need to
+ % memoize, but we'll do it only if |readonly| is not in effect, otherwise
+ % we'll perform a regular compilation. (Note that we are still in the group
+ % opened prior to executing |\Memoize|.)
+ \mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@fail
+ \ifnum\mmz@mode=\mmz@mode@readonly\relax
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\mmz@compile
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\mmz@memoize
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \mmz@trace@process@ccmemo@ok
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \subsection{The externs}
+% \label{sec:code:extern}
+%
+% \paragraph{The path} to an extern is like the path to a cc-memo, modulo
+% suffix |.pdf|, of course. However, in case memoization of a chunk produces
+% more than one extern, the filename of any non-first extern includes
+% |\mmz@seq|, the sequential number of the extern as well (we start the
+% numbering at $0$). We will have need for several parts of the full path to
+% an extern: the basename, the filename, the path without the suffix, and the
+% full path.
+\newcount\mmz@seq
+\def\mmz@extern@basename{%
+ \mmz@prefix\mmz@code@mdfivesum-\mmz@context@mdfivesum
+ \ifnum\mmz@seq>0 -\the\mmz@seq\fi
+}
+\def\mmz@extern@name{\mmz@extern@basename.pdf}
+\def\mmz@extern@basepath{\mmz@dir@path/\mmz@extern@basename}
+\def\mmz@extern@path{\mmz@extern@basepath.pdf}
+%
+% \begin{key}{padding left, padding right, padding top, padding bottom}
+% These options set the amount of space surrounding the bounding box of the
+% externalized graphics in the resulting PDF, i.e.\ in the extern file. This
+% allows the user to deal with \TikZ; overlays, |\rlap| and |\llap|, etc.
+\mmzset{
+ padding left/.store in=\mmz@padding@left,
+ padding right/.store in=\mmz@padding@right,
+ padding top/.store in=\mmz@padding@top,
+ padding bottom/.store in=\mmz@padding@bottom,
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{key}{padding}
+% A shortcut for setting all four paddings at once.
+ padding/.style={
+ padding left=#1, padding right=#1,
+ padding top=#1, padding bottom=#1
+ },
+ % The default padding is what \hologo{pdfTeX} puts around the page anyway, 1
+ % inch, but we'll use |1 in| rather than |1 true in|, which is the true
+ % default value of |\pdfhorigin| and |\pdfvorigin|, as we want the padding to
+ % adjust with magnification.
+ padding=1in,
+% \end{key}
+%
+ % \begin{key}{padding to context}
+ % This key adds padding to the context. Note that we add the padding
+ % expression (|\mmz@paddings|, defined below, refers to all the individual
+ % padding macros), not the actual value (at the time of expansion). This
+ % is so because |\width|, |\height| and |\depth| are not defined outside
+ % extern shipout routines, and the context is evaluated elsewhere.
+ padding to context/.style={
+ context={padding=(\mmz@paddings)},
+ },
+ % \end{key}
+ %
+ % Padding nearly always belongs into the context --- the exception being
+ % memoized code which produces no externs (\MS\ref{sec:pure-memoization}) ---
+ % so we execute this key immediately.
+ padding to context,
+}
+\def\mmz@paddings{%
+ \mmz@padding@left,\mmz@padding@bottom,\mmz@padding@right,\mmz@padding@top
+}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzExternalizeBox}
+% This macro is the public interface to externalization. In Memoize itself,
+% it is called from the default memoization driver, |\mmzSingleExternDriver|,
+% but it should be called by any driver that wishes to produce an extern, see
+% \MS\ref{sec:memoization-drivers} for details. It takes two arguments:
+% \begin{enumerate}[\tt\#1]
+% \item The box that we want to externalize. It's content will remain intact.
+% The box may be given either as a control sequence, declared via |\newbox|,
+% or as box number (say, 0).
+% \item The token register which will receive the code that includes the extern
+% into the document; it is the responsibility of the memoization driver to
+% (globally) include the contents of the register in the cc-memo, i.e.\ in
+% token register |\mmzCCMemo|. This argument may be either a control
+% sequence, declared via |\newtoks|, or a |\toks|\meta{token register
+% number}.
+% \end{enumerate}
+\def\mmzExternalizeBox#1#2{%
+ \begingroup
+ % A courtesy to the user, so they can define padding in terms of the size of
+ % the externalized graphics.
+ \def\width{\wd#1 }%
+ \def\height{\ht#1 }%
+ \def\depth{\dp#1 }%
+ % Store the extern-inclusion code in a temporary macro, which will be
+ % smuggled out of the group.
+ \xdef\mmz@global@temp{%
+ % Executing |\mmzIncludeExtern| from the cc-memo will include the extern
+ % into the document.
+ \noexpand\mmzIncludeExtern
+ % |\mmzIncludeExtern| identifies the extern by its sequence number,
+ % |\mmz@seq|.
+ {\the\mmz@seq}%
+ % What kind of box? We |\noexpand| the answer just in case someone
+ % redefined them.
+ \ifhbox#1\noexpand\hbox\else\noexpand\vbox\fi
+ % The dimensions of the extern.
+ {\the\wd#1}%
+ {\the\ht#1}%
+ {\the\dp#1}%
+ % The padding values.
+ {\the\dimexpr\mmz@padding@left}%
+ {\the\dimexpr\mmz@padding@bottom}%
+ {\the\dimexpr\mmz@padding@right}%
+ {\the\dimexpr\mmz@padding@top}%
+ }%
+ % Prepend the new extern box into the global extern box where we collect all
+ % the externs of this memo. Note that we |\copy| the extern box, retaining
+ % its content --- we will also want to place the extern box in its regular
+ % place in the document.
+ \global\setbox\mmz@tbe@box\vbox{\copy#1\unvbox\mmz@tbe@box}%
+ % Add the extern to the list of resources, which will be included at the top
+ % of the cc-memo, to check whether the extern files exists at the time the
+ % cc-memo is utilized. In the cc-memo, the list will contain full extern
+ % filenames, which are currently unknown, but no matter; right now, providing
+ % the extern sequence number suffices, the full extern filename will be
+ % produced at the end of memoization, once the context MD5 sum is known.
+ \xtoksapp\mmz@ccmemo@resources{%
+ \noexpand\mmz@ccmemo@append@resource{\the\mmz@seq}%
+ }%
+ % Increment the counter containing the sequence number of the extern within
+ % this memo.
+ \global\advance\mmz@seq1
+ % Assign the extern-including code into the token register given in |#2|.
+ % This register may be given either as a control sequence or as
+ % |\toks|\meta{token register number}, and this is why we have temporarily
+ % stored the code (into |\mmz@global@temp|) globally: a local storage with
+ % |\expandafter\endgroup\expandafter| here would fail with the receiving
+ % token register given as |\toks|\meta{token register number}.
+ \endgroup
+ #2\expandafter{\mmz@global@temp}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@ccmemo@resources}
+% This token register, populated by |\mmz@externalize@box| and used by
+% |\mmz@write@ccmemo|, holds the list of externs produced by memoization of
+% the current chunk.
+\newtoks\mmz@ccmemo@resources
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@tbe@box}
+% |\mmz@externalize@box| does not directly dump the extern into the document
+% (as a special page). Rather, the externs are collected into
+% |\mmz@tbe@box|, whose contents are dumped into the document at the end of
+% memoization of the current chunk. In this way, we guarantee that aborted
+% memoization does not pollute the document.
+\newbox\mmz@tbe@box
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@shipout@externs}
+% This macro is executed at the end of
+% memoization, when the externs are waiting for us in |\mmz@tbe@box| and need
+% to be dumped into the document. It loops through the contents of
+% |\mmz@tbe@box|,\footnote{The looping code is based on TeX.SE
+% answer \url(https://){tex.stackexchange.com/a/25142/16819} by Bruno Le
+% Floch.}, putting each extern into |\mmz@box| and calling
+% |\mmz@shipout@extern|. Note that the latter macro is executed within the
+% group opened by |\vbox| below.
+\def\mmz@shipout@externs{%
+ \global\mmz@seq 0
+ \setbox\mmz@box\vbox{%
+ % Set the macros below to the dimensions of the extern box, so that the
+ % user can refer to them in the padding specification (which is in turn
+ % used in the page setup in |\mmz@shipout@extern|).
+ \def\width{\wd\mmz@box}%
+ \def\height{\ht\mmz@box}%
+ \def\depth{\dp\mmz@box}%
+ \vskip1pt
+ \ifmmzkeepexterns\expandafter\unvcopy\else\expandafter\unvbox\fi\mmz@tbe@box
+ \@whilesw\ifdim0pt=\lastskip\fi{%
+ \setbox\mmz@box\lastbox
+ \mmz@shipout@extern
+ }%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@shipout@extern}
+% This macro ships out a single extern, which
+% resides in |\mmz@box|, and records the creation of the new extern.
+\def\mmz@shipout@extern{%
+ % Calculate the expected width and height. We have to do this now, before we
+ % potentially adjust the box size and paddings for magnification.
+ \edef\expectedwidth{\the\dimexpr
+ (\mmz@padding@left) + \wd\mmz@box + (\mmz@padding@right)}%
+ \edef\expectedheight{\the\dimexpr
+ (\mmz@padding@top) + \ht\mmz@box + \dp\mmz@box + (\mmz@padding@bottom)}%
+ % Apply the inverse magnification, if |\mag| is not at the default
+ % value. We'll do this in a group, which will last until shipout.
+ \begingroup
+ \ifnum\mag=1000
+ \else
+ \mmz@shipout@mag
+ \fi
+ % Setup the geometry of the extern page. In \hologo{plainTeX} and
+ % \hologo{LaTeX}, setting |\pdfpagewidth| and |\pdfpageheight| seems to do
+ % the trick of setting the extern page dimensions. In \hologo{ConTeXt},
+ % however, the resulting extern page ends up with the PDF |/CropBox|
+ % specification of the current regular page, which is then used (ignoring our
+ % |mediabox| requirement) when we're including the extern into the document
+ % by |\mmzIncludeExtern|. Typically, this results in a page-sized extern.
+ % I'm not sure how to deal with this correctly. In the workaround below, we
+ % use Lua function |backends.codeinjections.setupcanvas| to set up page
+ % dimensions: we first remember the current page dimensions
+ % (|\edef\mmz@temp|), then set up the extern page dimensions
+ % (|\expanded{...}|), and finally, after shipping
+ % out the extern page, revert to the current page dimensions by executing
+ % |\mmz@temp| at the very end of this macro.
+ %<*plain,latex>
+ \pdfpagewidth\dimexpr
+ (\mmz@padding@left) + \wd\mmz@box + (\mmz@padding@right)\relax
+ \pdfpageheight\dimexpr
+ (\mmz@padding@top) + \ht\mmz@box + \dp\mmz@box+ (\mmz@padding@bottom)\relax
+ %</plain,latex>
+ %<*context>
+ \edef\mmz@temp{%
+ \noexpand\directlua{
+ backends.codeinjections.setupcanvas({
+ paperwidth=\the\numexpr\pagewidth,
+ paperheight=\the\numexpr\pageheight
+ })
+ }%
+ }%
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\directlua{
+ backends.codeinjections.setupcanvas({
+ paperwidth=\the\numexpr\dimexpr
+ \mmz@padding@left + \wd\mmz@box + \mmz@padding@right\relax,
+ paperheight=\the\numexpr\dimexpr
+ \mmz@padding@top + \ht\mmz@box + \dp\mmz@box+ \mmz@padding@bottom\relax
+ })
+ }%
+ }%
+ %</context>
+ %
+ % We complete the page setup by setting the content offset.
+ \hoffset\dimexpr\mmz@padding@left - \pdfhorigin\relax
+ \voffset\dimexpr\mmz@padding@top - \pdfvorigin\relax
+ % We shipout the extern page using the |\shipout| primitive, so that the
+ % extern page is not modified, or even registered, by the shipout code of the
+ % format or some package. I can't imagine those shipout routines ever
+ % needing to know about the extern page. In fact, most often knowing about
+ % it would be undesirable. For example, \hologo{LaTeX} and \hologo{ConTeXt}
+ % count the ``real'' pages, but usually to know whether they are shipping out
+ % an odd or an even page, or to make the total number of pages available to
+ % subsequent compilations. Taking the extern pages into account would
+ % disrupt these mechanisms.
+ %
+ % Another thing: delayed |\write|s. We have to make sure that any
+ % \hologo{LaTeX}-style protected stuff in those is not expanded. We don't
+ % bother introducing a special group, as we'll close the |\mag| group right
+ % after the shipout anyway.
+ %<latex>\let\protect\noexpand
+ \pdf@primitive\shipout\box\mmz@box
+ %<context>\mmz@temp
+ \endgroup
+ % Advance the counter of shipped-out externs. We do this before preparing
+ % the recording information below, because the extern extraction tools expect
+ % the extern page numbering to start with $1$.
+ \global\advance\mmzExternPages1
+ % Prepare the macros which may be used in |record/<type>/new extern| code.
+ \edef\externbasepath{\mmz@extern@basepath}%
+ % Adding up the counters below should result in the real page number of the
+ % extern. Macro |\mmzRegularPages| holds the number of pages which were
+ % shipped out so far using the regular shipout routine of the format;
+ % |\mmzExternPages| holds the number of shipped-out extern pages; and
+ % |\mmzExtraPages| holds, or at least should hold, the number of pages
+ % shipped out using any other means.
+ \edef\pagenumber{\the\numexpr\mmzRegularPages
+ % In \hologo{LaTeX}, the |\mmzRegularPages| holds to number of pages
+ % already shipped out. In \hologo{ConTeXt}, the counter is already
+ % increased while processing the page, so we need to subtract $1$.
+%<context> -1%
+ +\mmzExternPages+\mmzExtraPages}%
+ % Record the creation of the new extern. We do this after shipping out the
+ % extern page, so that the recording mechanism can serve as an after-shipout
+ % hook, for the unlikely situation that some package really needs to do
+ % something when our shipout happens. Note that we absolutely refuse to
+ % provide a before-shipout hook, because we can't allow anyone messing with
+ % our extern, and that using this after-shipout ``hook'' is unnecessary for
+ % counting extern shipouts, as we already provide this information in the
+ % public counter |\mmzExternPages|.
+ \mmzset{record/new extern/.expanded=\mmz@extern@path}%
+ % Advance the sequential number of the extern, in the context of the current
+ % memoized code chunk. This extern numbering starts at 0, so we only do this
+ % after we wrote the cc-memo and called |record/new extern|.
+ \global\advance\mmz@seq1
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@shipout@mag}
+% This macro applies the inverse magnification, so that the extern ends up
+% with its natural size on the extern page.
+\def\mmz@shipout@mag{%
+ % We scale the extern box using the PDF primitives: |q| and |Q| save and
+ % restore the current graphics state; |cm| applies the given coordinate
+ % transformation matrix. ($a$ $b$ $c$ $d$ $e$ $f$ |cm| transforms $(x,y)$
+ % into $(ax+cy+e,bx+dy+f)$.)
+ \setbox\mmz@box\hbox{%
+ \pdfliteral{q \mmz@inverse@mag\space 0 0 \mmz@inverse@mag\space 0 0 cm}%
+ \copy\mmz@box\relax
+ \pdfliteral{Q}%
+ }%
+ % We first have to scale the paddings, as they might refer to the |\width|
+ % etc.\ of the extern.
+ \dimen0=\dimexpr\mmz@padding@left\relax
+ \edef\mmz@padding@left{\the\dimexpr\mmz@inverse@mag\dimen0}%
+ \dimen0=\dimexpr\mmz@padding@bottom\relax
+ \edef\mmz@padding@bottom{\the\dimexpr\mmz@inverse@mag\dimen0}%
+ \dimen0=\dimexpr\mmz@padding@right\relax
+ \edef\mmz@padding@right{\the\dimexpr\mmz@inverse@mag\dimen0}%
+ \dimen0=\dimexpr\mmz@padding@top\relax
+ \edef\mmz@padding@top{\the\dimexpr\mmz@inverse@mag\dimen0}%
+ % Scale the extern box.
+ \wd\mmz@box=\mmz@inverse@mag\wd\mmz@box\relax
+ \ht\mmz@box=\mmz@inverse@mag\ht\mmz@box\relax
+ \dp\mmz@box=\mmz@inverse@mag\dp\mmz@box\relax
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@inverse@mag}
+% The inverse magnification factor, i.e.\ the number we have to multiply the
+% extern dimensions with so that they will end up in their natural size. We
+% compute it, once and for all, at the beginning of the document. To do
+% that, we borrow the little macro |\Pgf@geT| from |pgfutil-common| (but
+% rename it).
+{\catcode`\p=12\catcode`\t=12\gdef\mmz@Pgf@geT#1pt{#1}}
+\mmzset{begindocument/.append code={%
+ \edef\mmz@inverse@mag{\expandafter\mmz@Pgf@geT\the\dimexpr 1000pt/\mag}%
+ }}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzRegularPages}
+% This counter holds the number of pages shipped out by the format's shipout
+% routine. \hologo{LaTeX} and \hologo{ConTeXt} keep track of this in
+% dedicated counters, so we simply use those. In \hologo{plainTeX}, we have
+% to hack the |\shipout| macro to install our own counter. In fact, we
+% already did this while loading the required packages, in order to avoid it
+% being redefined by |atbegshi| first. All that is left to do here is to
+% declare the counter.
+%<latex>\let\mmzRegularPages\ReadonlyShipoutCounter
+%<context>\let\mmzRegularPages\realpageno
+%<plain>\newcount\mmzRegularPages
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzExternPages}
+% This counter holds the number of extern pages shipped out so far.
+\newcount\mmzExternPages
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% The total number of new externs is announced at the end of the compilation,
+% so that \hologo{TeX} editors, |latexmk| and such can propose recompilation.
+\mmzset{
+ enddocument/afterlastpage/.append code={%
+ \ifnum\mmzExternPages>0
+ \PackageWarning{memoize}{The compilation produced \the\mmzExternPages\space
+ new extern\ifnum\mmzExternPages>1 s\fi.}%
+ \fi
+ },
+}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzExtraPages}
+% This counter will probably remain at zero forever. It should be advanced by
+% any package which (like Memoize) ships out pages bypassing the regular
+% shipout routine of the format.
+\newcount\mmzExtraPages
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@include@extern}
+% This macro, called from cc-memos as |\mmzIncludeExtern|, inserts an extern
+% file into the document. |#1| is the sequential number, |#2| is either
+% |\hbox| or |\vbox|, |#3|, |#4| and |#5| are the (expected) width, height
+% and the depth of the externalized box; |#6|--|#9| are the paddings (left,
+% bottom, right, and top).
+\def\mmz@include@extern#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8#9{%
+ % Set the extern sequential number, so that we open the correct extern file
+ % (|\mmz@extern@basename|).
+ \mmz@seq=#1\relax
+ % Use the primitive PDF graphics inclusion commands to include the extern
+ % file. Set the correct depth or the resulting box, and shift it as
+ % specified by the padding.
+ \setbox\mmz@box=#2{%
+ \setbox0=\hbox{%
+ \lower\dimexpr #5+#7\relax\hbox{%
+ \hskip -#6\relax
+ \setbox0=\hbox{%
+ \mmz@insertpdfpage{\mmz@extern@path}{1}%
+ }%
+ \unhbox0
+ }%
+ }%
+ \wd0 \dimexpr\wd0-#8\relax
+ \ht0 \dimexpr\ht0-#9\relax
+ \dp0 #5\relax
+ \box0
+ }%
+ % Check whether the size of the included extern is as expected. There is no
+ % need to check |\dp|, we have just set it. (|\mmz@if@roughly@equal| is
+ % defined in section~\ref{sec:code:extract:tex}.)
+ \mmz@tempfalse
+ \mmz@if@roughly@equal{\mmz@tolerance}{#3}{\wd\mmz@box}{%
+ \mmz@if@roughly@equal{\mmz@tolerance}{#4}{\ht\mmz@box}{%
+ \mmz@temptrue
+ }{}}{}%
+ \ifmmz@temp
+ \else
+ \mmz@use@memo@warning{\mmz@extern@path}{#3}{#4}{#5}%
+ \fi
+ % Use the extern box, with the precise size as remembered at memoization.
+ \wd\mmz@box=#3\relax
+ \ht\mmz@box=#4\relax
+ \box\mmz@box
+ % Record that we have used this extern.
+ \pgfkeysalso{/mmz/record/used extern={\mmz@extern@path}}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+\def\mmz@use@memo@warning#1#2#3#4{%
+ \PackageWarning{memoize}{Unexpected size of extern "#1";
+ expected #2\space x \the\dimexpr #3+#4\relax,
+ got \the\wd\mmz@box\space x \the\dimexpr\the\ht\mmz@box+\the\dp\mmz@box\relax}%
+}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@insertpdfpage}
+% This macro inserts a page from the PDF into the document. We define it
+% according to which engine is being used. Note that \hologo{ConTeXt} always
+% uses \hologo{LuaTeX}.
+%<latex,plain>\ifdef\luatexversion{%
+ \def\mmz@insertpdfpage#1#2{% #1 = filename, #2 = page number
+ \saveimageresource page #2 mediabox {#1}%
+ \useimageresource\lastsavedimageresourceindex
+ }%
+%<*latex,plain>
+}{%
+ \ifdef\XeTeXversion{%
+ \def\mmz@insertpdfpage#1#2{%
+ \XeTeXpdffile #1 page #2 media
+ }%
+ }{% pdfLaTeX
+ \def\mmz@insertpdfpage#1#2{%
+ \pdfximage page #2 mediabox {#1}%
+ \pdfrefximage\pdflastximage
+ }%
+ }%
+}
+%</latex,plain>
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@include@extern@from@tbe@box}
+% Include the extern number |#1| residing in |\mmz@tbe@box| into the
+% document. This helper macro makes it possible for a complex memoization
+% driver to process the cc-memo right after memoization --- by using the
+% |\mmzkeepexternstrue\xtoksapp\mmzAfterMemoizationExtra{\the\mmzCCMemo}|
+% trick --- to ensure that the result of the memoizing compilation matches
+% the result of inputting the cc-memo. The rest of the arguments are
+% gobbled, as we don't have to do any size adjustment or checking here, and
+% the box is of the correct type.
+\def\mmz@include@extern@from@tbe@box#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8#9{%
+ \setbox0\vbox{%
+ \@tempcnta#1\relax
+ \vskip1pt
+ \unvcopy\mmz@tbe@box
+ \@whilenum\@tempcnta>0\do{%
+ \setbox0\lastbox
+ \advance\@tempcnta-1\relax
+ }%
+ \global\setbox1\lastbox
+ \@whilesw\ifdim0pt=\lastskip\fi{%
+ \setbox0\lastbox
+ }%
+ \box\mmz@box
+ }%
+ \box1
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \section{Extraction}
+% \label{sec:code:extract}
+%
+% \subsection{Extraction mode and method}
+% \label{sec:code:extraction-mode-method}
+%
+% \begin{key}{extract}
+% This key selects the extraction mode and method. It normally occurs in the
+% package options list, less commonly in the preamble, and never in the
+% document body.
+\def\mmzvalueof#1{\pgfkeysvalueof{/mmz/#1}}
+\mmzset{
+ extract/.estore in=\mmz@extraction@method,
+ extract/.value required,
+ begindocument/.append style={extract/.code=\mmz@preamble@only@warning},
+ % \end{key}
+ %
+ % \begin{key}{extract/perl, extract/python}
+ % Any other value will select internal extraction with the given method.
+ % Memoize ships with two extraction scripts, a Perl script and a Python
+ % script, which are selected by |extract=perl| (the default) and
+ % |extract=python|, respectively. We run the scripts in verbose mode
+ % (without |-q|), and keep the |.mmz| file as is, i.e.\ we're not commenting
+ % out the |\mmzNewExtern| lines, because we're about to overwrite it
+ % anyway. We also request the log file, which will contain
+ % |\mmzExtractionSuccessful| if extraction was successful.
+ extract/perl/.code={%
+ \mmz@clear@extraction@log
+ \pdf@system{%
+ \mmzvalueof{perl extraction command}\space
+ \mmzvalueof{perl extraction options}%
+ }%
+ \mmz@check@extraction@log{perl}%
+ \def\mmz@mkdir@command##1{\mmzvalueof{perl extraction command}\space --mkdir "##1"}%
+ },
+ perl extraction command/.initial=memoize-extract.pl,
+ perl extraction options/.initial={%
+% \begin{listingregion}{perl-extraction-options.tex}
+ -e -l "\mmzOutputDirectory\mmzUnquote\jobname.mmz.log" -w
+ %<latex>"\string\PackageWarning{memoize (perl-based extraction)}{\string\warningtext}"
+ %<plain>"\string\warning{memoize (perl-based extraction): \string\warningtext}"
+ %<context>"\string\warning{memoize (perl-based extraction): \string\warningtext}"
+ "\mmzOutputDirectory\mmzUnquote\jobname.mmz"
+% \end{listingregion}
+ },
+ extract=perl,
+ extract/python/.code={%
+ \mmz@clear@extraction@log
+ \pdf@system{%
+ \mmzvalueof{python extraction command}\space
+ \mmzvalueof{python extraction options}%
+ }%
+ \mmz@check@extraction@log{python}%
+ \def\mmz@mkdir@command##1{\mmzvalueof{python extraction command}\space --mkdir "##1"}%
+ },
+ python extraction command/.initial=memoize-extract.py,
+ python extraction options/.initial={%
+ -e -l "\mmzOutputDirectory\mmzUnquote\jobname.mmz.log" -w
+ %<latex>"\string\PackageWarning{memoize (python-based extraction)}{\string\warningtext}"
+ %<plain>"\string\warning{memoize (python-based extraction): \string\warningtext}"
+ %<context>"\string\warning{memoize (python-based extraction): \string\warningtext}"
+ "\mmzOutputDirectory\mmzUnquote\jobname.mmz"
+ },
+}
+\def\mmz@preamble@only@warning{%
+ \PackageWarning{memoize}{%
+ Ignoring the invocation of "\pgfkeyscurrentkey".
+ This key may only be executed in the preamble}%
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \paragraph*{The extraction log}
+% As we cannot access the exit status of a system command in \hologo{TeX}, we
+% communicate with the system command via the ``extraction log file,'' produced
+% by both \hologo{TeX}-based extraction and the Perl and Python extraction
+% script. This file signals whether the embedded extraction was successful ---
+% if it is, the file contains |\mmzExtractionSuccessful| --- and also contains
+% any size-mismatch warnings (these are currently only thrown by the
+% \hologo{TeX}-based extraction). As the log is really a \hologo{TeX} file,
+% the idea is to simply input it after extracting each extern (for
+% \hologo{TeX}-based extraction) or after the extraction of all externs (for
+% the external scripts).
+\def\mmz@clear@extraction@log{%
+ \begingroup
+ \immediate\openout0{\mmzUnquote\jobname.mmz.log"}%
+ \immediate\closeout0
+ \endgroup
+}
+% |#1| is the extraction method.
+\def\mmz@check@extraction@log#1{%
+ \begingroup \def\extractionmethod{#1}%
+ \mmz@tempfalse \let\mmz@orig@endinput\endinput
+ \def\endinput{\mmz@temptrue\mmz@orig@endinput}%
+ \@input{\jobname.mmz.log}%
+ \ifmmz@temp \else \mmz@extraction@error \fi \endgroup }
+\def\mmz@extraction@error{%
+ \PackageWarning{memoize}{Extraction of externs from document "\mmzUnquote\jobname.pdf"
+ using method "\extractionmethod" was unsuccessful. Have you set the
+ shell escape mode as suggested in chapter 1 of the manual?}{}}
+%
+% \subsection{The record files}
+% \label{sec:code:record}
+%
+% \begin{key}{record}
+% This key activates a record \meta{type}: the hooks defined by that record
+% \meta{type} will henceforth be executed at the appropriate places.
+%
+% A \meta{hook} of a particular \meta{type} resides in |pgfkeys| path
+% |/mmz/record/|\meta{type}|/|\meta{hook}, and is invoked via
+% |/mmz/record/|\meta{hook}. Record type activation thus appends a call of
+% the former to the latter. It does so using handler |.try|, so that
+% unneeded hooks may be left undefined.
+%
+\mmzset{
+ record/.style={%
+ record/begin/.append style={
+ /mmz/record/#1/begin/.try,
+ % The |begin| hook also executes the |prefix| hook, so that |\mmzPrefix|
+ % surely occurs at the top of the |.mmz| file. Listing each prefix type
+ % separately in this hook ensures that |prefix| of a certain type is
+ % executed after that type's |begin|.
+ /mmz/record/#1/prefix/.try/.expanded=\mmz@prefix@path,
+ },
+ record/prefix/.append style={/mmz/record/#1/prefix/.try={##1}},
+ record/new extern/.append style={/mmz/record/#1/new extern/.try={##1}},
+ record/used extern/.append style={/mmz/record/#1/used extern/.try={##1}},
+ record/new cmemo/.append style={/mmz/record/#1/new cmemo/.try={##1}},
+ record/new ccmemo/.append style={/mmz/record/#1/new ccmemo/.try={##1}},
+ record/used cmemo/.append style={/mmz/record/#1/used cmemo/.try={##1}},
+ record/used ccmemo/.append style={/mmz/record/#1/used ccmemo/.try={##1}},
+ record/end/.append style={/mmz/record/#1/end/.try},
+ },
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{key}{no record}
+% This key deactivates all record types. Below, we use it to initialize the
+% relevant keys; in the user code, it may be used to deactivate the
+% preactivated |mmz| record type.
+\mmzset{
+ no record/.style={%
+ % The |begin| hook clears itself after invocation, to prevent double
+ % execution. Consequently, |record/begin| may be executed by the user in
+ % the preamble, without any ill effects.
+ record/begin/.style={record/begin/.style={}},
+ % The |prefix| key invokes itself again when the group closes. This way,
+ % we can correctly track the path prefix changes in the |.mmz| even if
+ % |path| is executed in a group.
+ record/prefix/.code={\aftergroup\mmz@record@prefix},
+ record/new extern/.code={},
+ record/used extern/.code={},
+ record/new cmemo/.code={},
+ record/new ccmemo/.code={},
+ record/used cmemo/.code={},
+ record/used ccmemo/.code={},
+ % The |end| hook clears itself after invocation, to prevent double
+ % execution. Consequently, |record/end| may be executed by the user before
+ % the end of the document, without any ill effects.
+ record/end/.style={record/end/.code={}},
+ }
+}
+% \end{key}
+% We define this macro because |\aftergroup|, used in |record/prefix|, only
+% accepts a token.
+\def\mmz@record@prefix{%
+ \mmzset{/mmz/record/prefix/.expanded=\mmz@prefix@path}%
+}
+% \paragraph{Initialize} the hook keys, preactivate |mmz| record type, and
+% execute hooks |begin| and |end| at the edges of the document.
+\mmzset{
+ no record,
+ record=mmz,
+ begindocument/.append style={record/begin},
+ enddocument/afterlastpage/.append style={record/end},
+}
+%
+% \subsubsection{The \texttt{.mmz} file}
+% \label{sec:code:record:mmz}
+%
+% Think of the |.mmz| record file as a \hologo{TeX}-readable log file, which
+% lets the extraction procedure know what happened in the previous compilation.
+% The file is in \hologo{TeX} format, so that we can trigger internal
+% \hologo{TeX}-based extraction by simply inputting it. The commands it
+% contains are intentionally as simple as possible (just a macro plus braced
+% arguments), to facilitate parsing by the external scripts.
+%
+% These hooks simply put the calls of the corresponding macros into the file.
+% All but hooks but |begin| and |end| receive the full path to the relevant
+% file as the only argument (ok, |prefix| receives the full path prefix, as set
+% by key |path|).
+%
+% \begin{key}{record/mmz/...}
+\mmzset{
+ record/mmz/begin/.code={%
+ \newwrite\mmz@mmzout
+ % The record file has a fixed name (the jobname plus the |.mmz| suffix) and
+ % location (the current directory, i.e.\ the directory where \hologo{TeX}
+ % is executed from; usually, this will be the directory containing the
+ % \hologo{TeX} source).
+ \immediate\openout\mmz@mmzout{\jobname.mmz}%
+ },
+ % The |\mmzPrefix| is used by the clean-up script, which will remove all
+ % files with the given path prefix but (unless called with |--all|) those
+ % mentioned in the |.mmz|. Now this script could in principle figure out
+ % what to remove by inspecting the paths to utilized\slash created
+ % memos\slash externs in the |.mmz| file, but this method could lead to
+ % problems in case of an incomplete (perhaps empty) |.mmz| file created by a
+ % failed compilation. Recording the path prefix in the |.mmz| radically
+ % increases the chances of a successful clean-up, which is doubly important,
+ % because a clean-up is sometimes precisely what we need to do to recover
+ % after a failed compilation.
+ record/mmz/prefix/.code={%
+ \immediate\write\mmz@mmzout{\noexpand\mmzPrefix{#1}}%
+ },
+ record/mmz/new extern/.code={%
+ % While this key receives a single formal argument, Memoize also prepares
+ % macros |\externbasepath| (|#1| without the |.pdf| suffix), |\pagenumber|
+ % (of the extern page in the document PDF), and |\expectedwidth| and
+ % |\expectedheight| (of the extern page).
+ \immediate\write\mmz@mmzout{%
+ \noexpand\mmzNewExtern{#1}{\pagenumber}{\expectedwidth}{\expectedheight}%
+ }%
+ },
+ record/mmz/new cmemo/.code={%
+ \immediate\write\mmz@mmzout{\noexpand\mmzNewCMemo{#1}}%
+ },
+ record/mmz/new ccmemo/.code={%
+ \immediate\write\mmz@mmzout{\noexpand\mmzNewCCMemo{#1}}%
+ },
+ record/mmz/used extern/.code={%
+ \immediate\write\mmz@mmzout{\noexpand\mmzUsedExtern{#1}}%
+ },
+ record/mmz/used cmemo/.code={%
+ \immediate\write\mmz@mmzout{\noexpand\mmzUsedCMemo{#1}}%
+ },
+ record/mmz/used ccmemo/.code={%
+ \immediate\write\mmz@mmzout{\noexpand\mmzUsedCCMemo{#1}}%
+ },
+ record/mmz/end/.code={%
+ % Add the |\endinput| marker to signal that the file is complete.
+ \immediate\write\mmz@mmzout{\noexpand\endinput}%
+ \immediate\closeout\mmz@mmzout
+ },
+ %
+ % \end{key}
+ % \subsubsection{The shell scripts}
+%
+% We define two shell script record types: |sh| for Linux, and |bat| for
+% Windows.
+%
+% \begin{key}{sh, bat}
+% These keys set the shell script filenames.
+% \bigskip
+ sh/.store in=\mmz@shname,
+ sh=memoize-extract.\jobname.sh,
+ bat/.store in=\mmz@batname,
+ bat=memoize-extract.\jobname.bat,
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{key}{record/sh/...} Define the Linux shell script record type.
+ record/sh/begin/.code={%
+ \newwrite\mmz@shout
+ \immediate\openout\mmz@shout{\mmz@shname}%
+ },
+ record/sh/new extern/.code={%
+ \begingroup
+ % Macro |\mmz@tex@extraction@systemcall| is customizable through |tex
+ % extraction command|, |tex extraction options| and |tex extraction
+ % script|.
+ \immediate\write\mmz@shout{\mmz@tex@extraction@systemcall}%
+ \endgroup
+ },
+ record/sh/end/.code={%
+ \immediate\closeout\mmz@shout
+ },
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begin{key}{record/bat/...}
+% Rinse and repeat for Windows.
+ record/bat/begin/.code={%
+ \newwrite\mmz@batout
+ \immediate\openout\mmz@batout{\mmz@batname}%
+ },
+ record/bat/new extern/.code={%
+ \begingroup
+ \immediate\write\mmz@batout{\mmz@tex@extraction@systemcall}%
+ \endgroup
+ },
+ record/bat/end/.code={%
+ \immediate\closeout\mmz@batout
+ },
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \subsubsection{The Makefile}
+%
+% The implementation of the Makefile record type is the most complex so far, as
+% we need to keep track of the targets.
+%
+% \begin{key}{makefile}
+% This key sets the makefile filename.
+ makefile/.store in=\mmz@makefilename,
+ makefile=memoize-extract.\jobname.makefile,
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% We need to define a macro which expands to the tab character of catcode
+% ``other'', to use as the recipe prefix.
+\begingroup
+\catcode`\^^I=12
+\gdef\mmz@makefile@recipe@prefix{^^I}%
+\endgroup
+% \begin{key}{record/makefile/...}
+% Define the Makefile record type.
+\mmzset{
+ record/makefile/begin/.code={%
+ % We initialize the record type by opening the file and setting makefile
+ % variables |.DEFAULT_GOAL| and |.PHONY|.
+ \newwrite\mmz@makefileout
+ \newtoks\mmz@makefile@externs
+ \immediate\openout\mmz@makefileout{\mmz@makefilename}%
+ \immediate\write\mmz@makefileout{.DEFAULT_GOAL = externs}%
+ \immediate\write\mmz@makefileout{.PHONY: externs}%
+ },
+ % The crucial part, writing out the extraction rule. The target comes first,
+ % then the recipe, which is whatever the user has set by |tex extraction
+ % command|, |tex extraction options| and |tex extraction script|.
+ record/makefile/new extern/.code={%
+ % The target extern file:
+ \immediate\write\mmz@makefileout{#1:}%
+ \begingroup
+ % The recipe is whatever the user set by |tex extraction
+ % command|, |tex extraction options| and |tex extraction script|.
+ \immediate\write\mmz@makefileout{%
+ \mmz@makefile@recipe@prefix\mmz@tex@extraction@systemcall}%
+ \endgroup
+ % Append the extern file to list of targets.
+ \xtoksapp\mmz@makefile@externs{#1\space}%
+ },
+ record/makefile/end/.code={%
+ % Before closing the file, we list the extern files as the prerequisites of
+ % our phony default target, |externs|.
+ \immediate\write\mmz@makefileout{externs: \the\mmz@makefile@externs}%
+ \immediate\closeout\mmz@makefileout
+ },
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+%
+% \subsection{\hologo{TeX}-based extraction}
+% \label{sec:code:extract:tex}
+%
+% \begin{key}{extract/tex}
+% We trigger the \hologo{TeX}-based extraction by inputting the |.mmz| record
+% file.
+\mmzset{
+ extract/tex/.code={%
+ \begingroup
+ \@input{\jobname.mmz}%
+ \endgroup
+ },
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \begingroup
+% \setlength\MacroIndent{2em}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzUsedCMemo,\mmzUsedCCMemo,\mmzUsedExtern,\mmzNewCMemo,\mmzNewCCMemo,\mmzPrefix}
+% We can ignore everything but |\mmzNewExtern|s. All these macros receive a
+% single argument.
+\def\mmzUsedCMemo#1{}
+\def\mmzUsedCCMemo#1{}
+\def\mmzUsedExtern#1{}
+\def\mmzNewCMemo#1{}
+\def\mmzNewCCMemo#1{}
+\def\mmzPrefix#1{}
+% \end{macro}
+% \endgroup
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzNewExtern}
+% Command |\mmzNewExtern| takes four arguments. It instructs us to extract
+% page |#2| of document |\jobname.pdf| to file |#1|. During the extraction,
+% we will check whether the size of the extern matches the given expected
+% width (|#3|) and total height (|#4|).
+%
+% We perform the extraction by an embedded \hologo{TeX} call. The system
+% command that gets executed is stored in |\mmz@tex@extraction@systemcall|,
+% which is set by |tex extraction command| and friends; by default, we
+% execute |pdftex|.
+%
+\def\mmzNewExtern#1{%
+ % The \hologo{TeX} executable expects the basename as the argument, so we
+ % strip away the |.pdf| suffix.
+ \mmz@new@extern@i#1\mmz@temp
+}
+\def\mmz@new@extern@i#1.pdf\mmz@temp#2#3#4{%
+ \begingroup
+ % Define the macros used in |\mmz@tex@extraction@systemcall|.
+ \def\externbasepath{#1}%
+ \def\pagenumber{#2}%
+ \def\expectedwidth{#3}%
+ \def\expectedheight{#4}%
+ % Empty out the extraction log.
+ \mmz@clear@extraction@log
+ % Extract.
+ \pdf@system{\mmz@tex@extraction@systemcall}%
+ % Was the extraction successful? We temporarily redefine the extraction
+ % error message macro (suited for the external extraction scripts, which
+ % extract all externs in one go) to report the exact problematic extern page.
+ \let\mmz@extraction@error\mmz@pageextraction@error
+ \mmz@check@extraction@log{tex}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+% \end{macro}
+\def\mmz@pageextraction@error{%
+ \PackageError{memoize}{Extraction of extern page \pagenumber\space from
+ document "\mmzUnquote\jobname.pdf" using method "\extractionmethod" was unsuccessful.
+ Have you set the shell escape mode as suggested in chapter 1 of the
+ manual?}{If "\mmzvalueof{tex extraction command}" was executed,
+ shell escape mode is not the problem, and inspecting "\externbasepath.log"
+ might give you a clue what's wrong}}
+%
+% \begin{key}{tex extraction command, tex extraction options, tex extraction script}
+% Using these keys, we set the system call
+% which will be invoked for each extern page. The value of this key is
+% expanded when executing the system command. The user may deploy the
+% following macros in the value of these keys:
+% \begin{itemize}
+% \item |\externbasepath|: the extern PDF that should be produced, minus the
+% |.pdf| suffix;
+% \item |\pagenumber|: the page number to be extracted;
+% \item |\expectedwidth|: the expected width of the extracted page;
+% \item |\expectedheight|: the expected total height of the extracted page;
+% \end{itemize}
+\def\mmz@tex@extraction@systemcall{%
+ \mmzvalueof{tex extraction command}\space
+ \mmzvalueof{tex extraction options}\space
+ "\mmzvalueof{tex extraction script}"%
+}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \paragraph{The default} system call for \hologo{TeX}-based extern extraction.
+% As this method, despite being \hologo{TeX}-based, shares no code with the
+% document, we're free to implement it with any engine and format we want. For
+% reasons of speed, we clearly go for the plain \hologo{pdfTeX}.\footnote{I
+% implemented the first version of \hologo{TeX}-based extraction using
+% \hologo{LaTeX} and package \texttt{graphicx}, and it was (running with
+% \hologo{pdfTeX} engine) almost four times slower than the current plain
+% \hologo{TeX} implementation.} We perform the extraction by a little
+% \hologo{TeX} script, |memoize-extract-one|, inputted at the end of the value
+% given to |tex extraction script|.
+\mmzset{
+ tex extraction command/.initial=pdftex,
+ tex extraction options/.initial={%
+% \begin{listingregion}{tex-extraction-options.tex}
+ -halt-on-error
+ -interaction=batchmode
+ -jobname "\externbasepath"
+ \ifdefempty\mmzOutputDirectory{}{-output-directory "\mmzOutputDirectory"}
+% \end{listingregion}
+ },
+ tex extraction script/.initial={%
+% \begin{listingregion}{tex-extraction-script.tex} ^^A todo: context
+ \def\noexpand\fromdocument{"\mmzOutputDirectory"\jobname.pdf}%
+ \def\noexpand\pagenumber{\pagenumber}%
+ \def\noexpand\expectedwidth{\expectedwidth}%
+ \def\noexpand\expectedheight{\expectedheight}%
+ \def\noexpand\logfile{\jobname.mmz.log}%
+ \unexpanded{%
+ \def\warningtemplate{%
+ %<latex>\noexpand\PackageWarning{memoize}{\warningtext}%
+ %<plain>\warning{memoize: \warningtext}%
+ %<context>\warning{memoize: \warningtext}%
+ }}%
+ \ifdef\XeTeXversion{}{%
+ \def\noexpand\mmzpdfmajorversion{\the\pdfmajorversion}%
+ \def\noexpand\mmzpdfminorversion{\the\pdfminorversion}%
+ }%
+ \noexpand\input memoize-extract-one
+% \end{listingregion}
+ },
+}
+%</mmz>
+%
+% \subsubsection{\texttt{memoize-extract-one.tex}}
+%
+% The rest of the code of this section resides in file
+% |memoize-extract-one.tex|. It is used to extract a single extern page from
+% the document; it also checks whether the extern page dimensions are as
+% expected, and passes a warning to the main job if that is not the case. For
+% the reason of speed, the extraction script is in \hologo{plainTeX} format.
+% For the same reason, it is compiled by \hologo{pdfTeX} engine by default, but
+% we nevertheless take care that it will work with other (supported) engines as
+% well.
+%
+%<*extract-one>
+\catcode`\@11\relax
+\def\@firstoftwo#1#2{#1}
+\def\@secondoftwo#1#2{#2}
+%
+% Set the PDF version (maybe) passed to the script via |\mmzpdfmajorversion|
+% and |\mmzpdfminorversion|.
+\ifdefined\XeTeXversion
+\else
+ \ifdefined\luatexversion
+ \def\pdfmajorversion{\pdfvariable majorversion}%
+ \def\pdfminorversion{\pdfvariable minorversion}%
+ \fi
+ \ifdefined\mmzpdfmajorversion
+ \pdfmajorversion\mmzpdfmajorversion\relax
+ \fi
+ \ifdefined\mmzpdfminorversion
+ \pdfminorversion\mmzpdfminorversion\relax
+ \fi
+\fi
+% Allocate a new output stream, always --- |\newwrite| is |\outer| and thus
+% cannot appear in a conditional.
+\newwrite\extractionlog
+% Are we requested to produce a log file?
+\ifdefined\logfile
+ \immediate\openout\extractionlog{\logfile}%
+ % Define a macro which both outputs the warning message and writes it to the
+ % extraction log.
+ \def\doublewarning#1{%
+ \message{#1}%
+ \def\warningtext{#1}%
+ % This script will be called from different formats, so it is up to the
+ % main job to tell us, by defining macro |\warningtemplate|, how to throw a
+ % warning in the log file.
+ \immediate\write\extractionlog{%
+ \ifdefined\warningtemplate\warningtemplate\else\warningtext\fi
+ }%
+ }%
+\else
+ \let\doublewarning\message
+\fi
+\newif\ifforce
+\ifdefined\force
+ \csname force\force\endcsname
+\fi
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@if@roughly@equal}
+% This macro checks whether the given dimensions (|#2| and |#3|) are equal
+% within the tolerance given by |#1|. We use the macro both in the
+% extraction script and in the main package. (We don't use |\ifpdfabsdim|,
+% because it is unavailable in \hologo{XeTeX}.)
+%</extract-one>
+%<*mmz,extract-one>
+\def\mmz@tolerance{0.01pt}
+\def\mmz@if@roughly@equal#1#2#3{%
+ \dimen0=\dimexpr#2-#3\relax
+ \ifdim\dimen0<0pt
+ \dimen0=-\dimen0\relax
+ \fi
+ \ifdim\dimen0>#1\relax
+ \expandafter\@secondoftwo
+ \else
+ % The exact tolerated difference is, well, tolerated. This is a must to
+ % support |tolerance=0pt|.
+ \expandafter\@firstoftwo
+ \fi
+}%
+%</mmz,extract-one>
+%<*extract-one>
+% Grab the extern page from the document and put it in a box.
+\ifdefined\XeTeXversion
+ \setbox0=\hbox{\XeTeXpdffile \fromdocument\space page \pagenumber media}%
+\else
+ \ifdefined\luatexversion
+ \saveimageresource page \pagenumber mediabox {\fromdocument}%
+ \setbox0=\hbox{\useimageresource\lastsavedimageresourceindex}%
+ \else
+ \pdfximage page \pagenumber mediabox {\fromdocument}%
+ \setbox0=\hbox{\pdfrefximage\pdflastximage}%
+ \fi
+\fi
+% Check whether the extern page is of the expected size.
+\newif\ifbaddimensions
+\ifdefined\expectedwidth
+ \ifdefined\expectedheight
+ \mmz@if@roughly@equal{\mmz@tolerance}{\wd0}{\expectedwidth}{%
+ \mmz@if@roughly@equal{\mmz@tolerance}{\ht0}{\expectedheight}%
+ {}%
+ {\baddimensionstrue}%
+ }{\baddimensionstrue}%
+ \fi
+\fi
+% We'll setup the page geometry of the extern file and shipout the extern ---
+% if all is well, or we're forced to do it.
+\ifdefined\luatexversion
+ \let\pdfpagewidth\pagewidth
+ \let\pdfpageheight\pageheight
+ \def\pdfhorigin{\pdfvariable horigin}%
+ \def\pdfvorigin{\pdfvariable vorigin}%
+\fi
+\def\do@shipout{%
+ \pdfpagewidth=\wd0
+ \pdfpageheight=\ht0
+ \ifdefined\XeTeXversion
+ \hoffset -1 true in
+ \voffset -1 true in
+ \else
+ \pdfhorigin=0pt
+ \pdfvorigin=0pt
+ \fi
+ \shipout\box0
+}
+\ifbaddimensions
+ \doublewarning{I refuse to extract page \pagenumber\space from
+ "\fromdocument", because its size (\the\wd0 \space x \the\ht0) is not
+ what I expected (\expectedwidth\space x \expectedheight)}%
+ \ifforce\do@shipout\fi
+\else
+ \do@shipout
+\fi
+% If logging is in effect and the extern dimensions were not what we expected,
+% write a warning into the log.
+\ifdefined\logfile
+ \immediate\write\extractionlog{\noexpand\endinput}%
+ \immediate\closeout\extractionlog
+\fi
+\bye
+%</extract-one>
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \section{Automemoization}
+% \label{sec:code:automemoization}
+%
+% \paragraph{Install} the advising framework implemented by our auxiliary
+% package Advice, which automemoization depends on. This will define keys
+% |auto|, |activate| etc.\ in our keypath.
+%<*mmz>
+\mmzset{
+ .install advice={setup key=auto, activation=deferred},
+ % We switch to the immediate activation at the end of the preamble.
+ begindocument/before/.append style={activation=immediate},
+}
+%
+% \begin{key}{manual}
+% Unless the user switched on |manual|, we perform the deferred
+% (de)activations at the beginning of the document (and then clear the style,
+% so that any further deferred activations will start with a clean slate).
+% In \hologo{LaTeX}, we will use the latest possible hook,
+% |begindocument/end|, as we want to hack into commands defined by other
+% packages. (The \hologo{TeX} conditional needs to be defined before using
+% it in |.append code| below.
+\newif\ifmmz@manual
+\mmzset{
+ manual/.is if=mmz@manual,
+ begindocument/end/.append code={%
+ \ifmmz@manual
+ \else
+ \pgfkeysalso{activate deferred,activate deferred/.code={}}%
+ \fi
+ },
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \paragraph{Announce} Memoize's run conditions and handlers.
+ auto/.cd,
+ run if memoization is possible/.style={
+ run conditions=\mmz@auto@rc@if@memoization@possible
+ },
+ run if memoizing/.style={run conditions=\mmz@auto@rc@if@memoizing},
+ apply options/.style={
+ bailout handler=\mmz@auto@bailout,
+ outer handler=\mmz@auto@outer,
+ },
+ memoize/.style={
+ run if memoization is possible,
+ apply options,
+ inner handler=\mmz@auto@memoize
+ },
+ %<*latex>
+ noop/.style={run if memoization is possible, noop \AdviceType},
+ noop command/.style={apply options, inner handler=\mmz@auto@noop},
+ noop environment/.style={
+ outer handler=\mmz@auto@noop@env, bailout handler=\mmz@auto@bailout},
+ %</latex>
+ %<plain,context>noop/.style={inner handler=\mmz@auto@noop},
+ nomemoize/.style={noop, options=disable},
+ replicate/.style={run if memoizing, inner handler=\mmz@auto@replicate},
+}
+%
+% \paragraph{Abortion}
+% We cheat and let the |run conditions| do the work --- it is cheaper to just
+% always abort than to invoke the outer handler. (As we don't set
+% |\AdviceRuntrue|, the run conditions will never be satisfied.)
+% \begin{listingregion}{_auto-abort.tex}
+\mmzset{
+ auto/abort/.style={run conditions=\mmzAbort},
+}
+% \end{listingregion}
+% And the same for |unmemoizable|:
+\mmzset{
+ auto/unmemoizable/.style={run conditions=\mmzUnmemoizable},
+}
+% For one, we abort upon |\pdfsavepos| (called |\savepos| in \hologo{LuaTeX}).
+% Second, unless in \hologo{LuaTeX}, we submit |\errmessage|, which allows us
+% to detect at least some errors --- in \hologo{LuaTeX}, we have a more
+% bullet-proof system of detecting errors, see |\mmz@memoize| in
+% \S\ref{sec:code:memoization-process}.
+\ifdef\luatexversion{%
+ \mmzset{auto=\savepos{abort}}
+}{%
+ \mmzset{
+ auto=\pdfsavepos{abort},
+ auto=\errmessage{abort},
+ }
+}
+%
+% \begin{mmzautokey}{run if memoization is possible}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@auto@rc@if@memoization@possible}
+% These run conditions are used by |memoize| and |noop|: Memoize should be
+% enabled, but we should not be already within Memoize, i.e.\ memoizing or
+% normally compiling some code submitted to memoization.
+% \begin{listingregion}{_auto-run-if-memoization-is-possible.tex}
+\def\mmz@auto@rc@if@memoization@possible{%
+ \ifmemoize
+ \ifinmemoize
+ \else
+ \AdviceRuntrue
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+% \end{listingregion}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{mmzautokey}
+%
+% \begin{mmzautokey}{run if memoizing}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@auto@rc@if@memoizing}
+% These run conditions are used by |\label| and |\ref|: they should
+% be handled only during memoization (which implies that Memoize is enabled).
+\def\mmz@auto@rc@if@memoizing{%
+ \ifmemoizing\AdviceRuntrue\fi
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{mmzautokey}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmznext}
+% The next-options, set by this macro, will be applied to the next, and only
+% next instance of automemoization. We set the next-options globally, so
+% that only the linear order of the invocation matters. Note that |\mmznext|,
+% being a user command, must also be defined in package |nomemoize|.
+%</mmz>
+%<nommz>\def\mmznext#1{\ignorespaces}
+%<*mmz>
+\def\mmznext#1{\gdef\mmz@next{#1}\ignorespaces}
+\mmznext{}%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{mmzautokey}{apply options}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@auto@outer,\mmz@auto@bailout}
+% The outer and the bailout handler defined here work as a team. The outer
+% handler's job is to apply the auto- and the next-options; therefore, the
+% bailout handler must consume the next-options as well. To keep the
+% option application local, the outer handler opens a group, which is
+% expected to be closed by the inner handler. This key is used by
+% |memoize| and |noop command|.
+% \begin{listingregion}{_auto-memoize-outer.tex}
+\def\mmz@auto@outer{%
+ \begingroup
+ \mmzAutoInit
+ \AdviceCollector
+}
+% \end{listingregion}
+% \begin{listingregion}{_auto-memoize-bailout.tex}
+\def\mmz@auto@bailout{%
+ \mmznext{}%
+}
+% \end{listingregion}
+% \bigskip
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{mmzautokey}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzAutoInit}
+% Apply first the auto-options, and then the next-options (and clear the
+% latter). Finally, if we have any extra collector options (set by the
+% |verbatim| keys), append them to Advice's (raw) collector options.
+\def\mmzAutoInit{%
+ \ifdefempty\AdviceOptions{}{\expandafter\mmzset\expandafter{\AdviceOptions}}%
+ \ifdefempty\mmz@next{}{\expandafter\mmzset\expandafter{\mmz@next}\mmznext{}}%
+ \eappto\AdviceRawCollectorOptions{\expandonce\mmzRawCollectorOptions}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{mmzautokey}{memoize}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@auto@memoize}
+% This key installs the inner handler for memoization. If you compare this
+% handler to the definition of |\mmz| in
+% section~\ref{sec:code:memoization:manual}, you will see that the only
+% thing left to do here is to start memoization with |\Memoize|, everything
+% else is already done by the advising framework, as customized by Memoize.
+%
+% The first argument to |\Memoize| is the memoization key (which the code
+% md5sum is computed off of); it consists of the handled code (the contents
+% of |\AdviceReplaced|) and its arguments, which were collected into |##1|.
+% The second argument is the code which the memoization driver will
+% execute. |\AdviceOriginal|, if invoked right away, would execute the
+% original command; but as this macro is only guaranteed to refer to this
+% command within the advice handlers, we expand it before calling |\Memoize|.
+% that command.
+%
+% Note that we don't have to define different handlers for commands and
+% environments, and for different \hologo{TeX} formats. When memoizing
+% command |\foo|, |\AdviceReplaced| contains |\foo|. When memoizing
+% environment |foo|, |\AdviceReplaced| contains |\begin{foo}|, |\foo| or
+% |\startfoo|, depending on the format, while the closing tag
+% (|\end{foo}|, |\endfoo| or |\stopfoo|) occurs at the end of the
+% collected arguments, because |apply options| appended
+% |\collargsEndTagtrue| to |raw collector options|.
+%
+% This macro has no formal parameters, because the collected arguments will
+% be grabbed by |\mmz@marshal|, which we have to go through because
+% executing |\Memoize| closes the memoization group and we lose the current
+% value of |\ifmmz@ignorespaces|. (We also can't use |\aftergroup|,
+% because closing the group is not the final thing |\Memoize| does.)
+% \begin{listingregion}{_auto-memoize-inner.tex}
+\long\def\mmz@auto@memoize#1{%
+ \expanded{%
+ \noexpand\Memoize
+ {\expandonce\AdviceReplaced\unexpanded{#1}}%
+ {\expandonce\AdviceOriginal\unexpanded{#1}}%
+ \ifmmz@ignorespaces\ignorespaces\fi
+ }%
+}
+% \end{listingregion}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{mmzautokey}
+%
+% \begin{mmzautokey}{noop}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@auto@noop,\mmz@auto@noop@env}
+% The no-operation handler can be used to apply certain options for the
+% span of the execution of the handled command or environment. This is
+% exploited by |auto/nomemoize|, which sets |disable| as an auto-option.
+%
+% The handler for commands and non-\hologo{LaTeX} environments is
+% implemented as an inner handler. On its own, it does nothing except
+% honor |verbatim| and |ignore spaces| (only takes care of |verbatim| and
+% |ignore spaces| (in the same way as the memoization handler above), but
+% it is intended to be used alongside the default outer handler, which
+% applies the auto- and the next-options. As that handler opens a group
+% (and this handler closes it), we have effectively delimited the effect of
+% those options to this invocation of the handled command or environment.
+\long\def\mmz@auto@noop#1{%
+ \expandafter\mmz@maybe@scantokens\expandafter{\AdviceOriginal#1}%
+ \expandafter\endgroup
+ \ifmmz@ignorespaces\ignorespaces\fi
+}
+% In \hologo{LaTeX}, and only there, commands and environments need separate
+% treatment. As \hologo{LaTeX} environments introduce a group of their own, we
+% can simply hook our initialization into the beginning of the environment (as
+% a one-time hook). Consequently, we don't need to collect the environment
+% body, so this can be an outer handler.
+%<*latex>
+\def\mmz@auto@noop@env{%
+ \AddToHookNext{env/\AdviceName/begin}{%
+ \mmzAutoInit
+ \ifmmz@ignorespaces\ignorespacesafterend\fi
+ }%
+ \AdviceOriginal
+}
+%</latex>
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{mmzautokey}
+%
+% \begin{mmzautokey}{replicate}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@auto@replicate}
+% This inner handler writes a copy of the handled command or environment's
+% invocation into the cc-memo (and then executes it). As it is used
+% alongside |run if memoizing|, the replicated command in the cc-memo will
+% always execute the original command. The system works even if
+% replication is off when the cc-memo is input; in that case, the control
+% sequence in the cc-memo directly executes the original command.
+%
+% This handler takes an option, |expanded| --- if given, the collected
+% arguments will be expanded (under protection) before being written into
+% the cc-memo.
+\def\mmz@auto@replicate#1{%
+ \begingroup
+ \let\mmz@auto@replicate@expansion\unexpanded
+ \expandafter\pgfqkeys\expanded{{/mmz/auto/replicate}{\AdviceOptions}}%
+ %<latex>\let\protect\noexpand
+ \expanded{%
+ \endgroup
+ \noexpand\gtoksapp\noexpand\mmzCCMemo{%
+ \expandonce\AdviceReplaced\mmz@auto@replicate@expansion{#1}}%
+ \expandonce\AdviceOriginal\unexpanded{#1}%
+ }%
+}
+\pgfqkeys{/mmz/auto/replicate}{
+ expanded/.code={\let\mmz@auto@replicate@expansion\@firstofone},
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{mmzautokey}
+%
+% \subsection{\hologo{LaTeX}-specific handlers}
+%
+% We handle cross-referencing (both the |\label| and the |\ref| side) and
+% indexing. Note that the latter is a straightforward instance of replication.
+%
+%<*latex>
+% \begin{listingregion}{_auto-memoize-ref.tex}
+\mmzset{
+ auto/.cd,
+ ref/.style={outer handler=\mmz@auto@ref\mmzNoRef, run if memoizing},
+ force ref/.style={outer handler=\mmz@auto@ref\mmzForceNoRef, run if memoizing},
+}
+% \end{listingregion}
+\mmzset{
+ auto=\ref{ref},
+ auto=\pageref{ref},
+ auto=\label{run if memoizing, outer handler=\mmz@auto@label},
+ auto=\index{replicate, args=m, expanded},
+}
+%
+% \begin{mmzautokey}{ref, force ref}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@auto@ref}
+% These keys install an outer handler which appends a cross-reference to the
+% context. |force ref| does this even if the reference key is undefined,
+% while |ref| aborts memoization in such a case --- the idea is that it makes
+% no sense to memoize when we expect the context to change in the next
+% compilation anyway.
+%
+% Any command taking a mandatory braced reference key argument potentially
+% preceded by optional arguments of (almost) any kind may be submitted to
+% these keys. This follows from the parameter list of |\mmz@auto@ref@i|,
+% where |#2| grabs everything up to the first opening brace. The downside of
+% the flexibility regarding the optional arguments is that unbraced
+% single-token reference keys will cause an error, but as such usages of
+% |\ref| and friends should be virtually inexistent, we let the bug stay.
+%
+% |#1| should be either |\mmzNoRef| or |\mmzForceNoRef|. |#2| will receive
+% any optional arguments of |\ref| (or |\pageref|, or whatever), and |#3| in
+% |\mmz@auto@ref@i| is the cross-reference key.
+% \begin{listingregion}{_auto-memoize-ref.tex}
+\def\mmz@auto@ref#1#2#{\mmz@auto@ref@i#1{#2}}
+\def\mmz@auto@ref@i#1#2#3{%
+ #1{#3}%
+ \AdviceOriginal#2{#3}%
+}
+% \end{listingregion}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{mmzautokey}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzForceNoRef,\mmzNoRef}
+% These macros do the real job in the outer handlers for cross-referencing,
+% but it might be useful to have them publicly available. |\mmzForceNoRef|
+% appends the reference key to the context. |\mmzNoRef| only does that if
+% the reference is defined, otherwise it aborts the memoization.
+\def\mmzForceNoRef#1{%
+ \ifmemoizing
+ \expandafter\gtoksapp\expandafter\mmzContextExtra
+ \else
+ \expandafter\toksapp\expandafter\mmzContext
+ \fi
+ {r@#1={\csname r@#1\endcsname}}%
+ \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\mmzNoRef#1{%
+ \ifcsundef{r@#1}{\mmzAbort}{\mmzForceNoRef{#1}}%
+ \ignorespaces
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{mmzautokey}{refrange, force refrange}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@auto@refrange}
+% Let's rinse and repeat for reference ranges. The code is virtually the
+% same as above, but we grab two reference key arguments (|#3| and |#4|) in
+% the final macro.\indentmacrocode
+\mmzset{
+ auto/.cd,
+ refrange/.style={outer handler=\mmz@auto@refrange\mmzNoRef,
+ bailout handler=\relax, run if memoizing},
+ force refrange/.style={outer handler=\mmz@auto@refrange\mmzForceNoRef,
+ bailout handler=\relax, run if memoizing},
+}
+% \noindentmacrocode
+\def\mmz@auto@refrange#1#2#{\mmz@auto@refrange@i#1{#2}}
+\def\mmz@auto@refrange@i#1#2#3#4{%
+ #1{#3}%
+ #1{#4}%
+ \AdviceOriginal#2{#3}{#4}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{mmzautokey}
+%
+% \begin{mmzautokey}{multiref, force multiref}
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@auto@multiref}
+% And one final time, for ``multi-references'', such as |cleveref|'s
+% |\cref|, which can take a comma-separated list of reference keys in the
+% sole argument. Again, only the final macro is any different, this time
+% distributing |#1| (|\mmzNoRef| or |\mmzForceNoRef|) over |#3| by
+% |\forcsvlist|.
+\mmzset{
+ auto/.cd,
+ multiref/.style={outer handler=\mmz@auto@multiref\mmzNoRef,
+ bailout handler=\relax, run if memoizing},
+ force multiref/.style={outer handler=\mmz@auto@multiref\mmzForceNoRef,
+ bailout handler=\relax, run if memoizing},
+}
+\def\mmz@auto@multiref#1#2#{\mmz@auto@multiref@i#1{#2}}
+\def\mmz@auto@multiref@i#1#2#3{%
+ \forcsvlist{#1}{#3}%
+ \AdviceOriginal#2{#3}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{mmzautokey}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmz@auto@label}
+% The outer handler for \cs{label} must be defined specifically for this
+% command. The generic replicating handler is not enough here, as we need to
+% replicate both the invocation of |\label| and the definition of
+% |\@currentlabel|.
+\def\mmz@auto@label#1{%
+ \xtoksapp\mmzCCMemo{%
+ \noexpand\mmzLabel{#1}{\expandonce\@currentlabel}%
+ }%
+ \AdviceOriginal{#1}%
+}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\mmzLabel}
+% This is the macro that |\label|'s handler writes into the cc-memo. The
+% first argument is the reference key; the second argument is the value of
+% |\@currentlabel| at the time of invocation |\label| during memoization,
+% which this macro temporarily restores.
+\def\mmzLabel#1#2{%
+ \begingroup
+ \def\@currentlabel{#2}%
+ \label{#1}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+%</latex>
+%</mmz>
+%
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \section{Support for various classes and packages}
+%
+% \subsection{\TikZ;}
+% \label{sec:code:mmz:tikz}
+%
+% In this section, we activate \TikZ; support (the collector is defined by
+% Advice). All the action happens at the end of the preamble, so that we can
+% detect whether \TikZ; was loaded (regardless of whether Memoize was loaded
+% before \TikZ;, or vice versa), but still input the definitions.
+%<*mmz>
+\mmzset{
+ begindocument/before/.append code={%
+ %<latex>\@ifpackageloaded{tikz}{%
+ %<plain,context>\ifdefined\tikz
+ \input advice-tikz.code.tex
+ %<latex>}{}%
+ %<plain,context>\fi
+ % We define and activate the automemoization handlers for the \TikZ; command
+ % and environment.
+ \mmzset{%
+ % \begin{listingregion}{_auto-tikz-collector.tex}
+ auto=\tikz{memoize, collector=\AdviceCollectTikZArguments},
+ % \end{listingregion}
+ %/utils/exec={\tracingall},
+ auto={tikzpicture}{memoize},
+ % A hack to prevent memoizing pictures which are accidentally marked as
+ % remembered --- accidentally in the sense that because the document
+ % changed, the |.aux| file contains a |\pgfsyspdfmark| command which
+ % erroneously refers to the picture being memoized. We know that
+ % memoizing a remembered picture can't be right, as we always abort on
+ % |\pdfsavepos|. This is implemented by hacking into PGF's
+ % |\pgfsys@getposition|, and aborting memoization if the mark does not
+ % equal |\relax|. (We have to duplicate |#| because of |.append code|.)
+ auto=\pgfsys@getposition{
+ run if memoizing, outer handler=\mmz@pgfsys@getposition},
+ }%
+ \def\mmz@pgfsys@getposition##1{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname pgf@sys@pdf@mark@pos@##1\endcsname\relax
+ \else
+ \mmzAbort
+ \fi
+ \AdviceOriginal{##1}%
+ }%
+ },
+}
+%</mmz>
+%
+%
+% \subsection{Forest}
+% \label{sec:code:forest}
+%
+% Forest will soon feature extensive memoization support, but for now, let's
+% just enable the basic, single extern externalization.
+%<*mmz>
+%<*latex>
+\mmzset{
+ begindocument/before/.append code={%
+ \@ifpackageloaded{forest}{%
+ \mmzset{
+ auto={forest}{memoize},
+% Yes, |\Forest| is defined using |xparse|.
+ auto=\Forest{memoize},
+ }%
+ }{}%
+ },
+}
+%</latex>
+%
+% \subsection{Beamer}
+% \label{sec:code:beamer}
+%
+% The Beamer code is explained in \MS\ref{sec:per-overlay}.
+%
+%<*latex>
+\AddToHook{begindocument/before}{\@ifclassloaded{beamer}{%
+ % \begin{listingregion}{per-overlay.tex}
+ \mmzset{per overlay/.style={
+ /mmz/context={%
+ overlay=\csname beamer@overlaynumber\endcsname,
+ pauses=\ifmemoizing
+ \mmzBeamerPauses
+ \else
+ \expandafter\the\csname c@beamerpauses\endcsname
+ \fi
+ },
+ /mmz/at begin memoization={%
+ \xdef\mmzBeamerPauses{\the\c@beamerpauses}%
+ \xtoksapp\mmzCMemo{%
+ \noexpand\mmzSetBeamerOverlays{\mmzBeamerPauses}{\beamer@overlaynumber}}%
+ \gtoksapp\mmzCCMemo{%
+ \only<\mmzBeamerOverlays>{}}%
+ },
+ /mmz/at end memoization={%
+ \xtoksapp\mmzCCMemo{%
+ \noexpand\setcounter{beamerpauses}{\the\c@beamerpauses}}%
+ },
+ /mmz/per overlay/.code={},
+ }}
+ \def\mmzSetBeamerOverlays#1#2{%
+ \ifnum\c@beamerpauses=#1\relax
+ \gdef\mmzBeamerOverlays{#2}%
+ \ifnum\beamer@overlaynumber<#2\relax \mmz@temptrue \else \mmz@tempfalse \fi
+ \else
+ \mmz@temptrue
+ \fi
+ \ifmmz@temp
+ \appto\mmzAtBeginMemoization{%
+ \gtoksapp\mmzCMemo{\mmzSetBeamerOverlays{#1}{#2}}}%
+ \fi
+ }%
+ % \end{listingregion}
+}{}}
+%</latex>
+%
+%
+% \section{Initialization}
+% \label{sec:code:initialization}
+%
+% \begin{key}{begindocument/before, begindocument, begindocument/end,
+% enddocument/afterlastpage}
+% These styles contain the initialization
+% and the finalization code. They were populated throughout the source.
+% Hook |begindocument/before| contains the package support code, which must
+% be loaded while still in the preamble. Hook |begindocument| contains the
+% initialization code whose execution doesn't require any particular timing,
+% as long as it happens at the beginning of the document. Hook
+% |begindocument/end| is where the commands are activated; this must
+% crucially happen as late as possible, so that we successfully override
+% foreign commands (like |hyperref|'s definitions). In \hologo{LaTeX}, we
+% can automatically execute these hooks at appropriate places:
+%<*latex>
+\AddToHook{begindocument/before}{\mmzset{begindocument/before}}
+\AddToHook{begindocument}{\mmzset{begindocument}}
+\AddToHook{begindocument/end}{\mmzset{begindocument/end}}
+\AddToHook{enddocument/afterlastpage}{\mmzset{enddocument/afterlastpage}}
+%</latex>
+% In \hologo{plainTeX}, the user must execute these hooks manually; but at
+% least we can group them together and given them nice names. Provisionally,
+% manual execution is required in \hologo{ConTeXt} as well, as I'm not sure
+% where to execute them --- please help!
+%<*plain,context>
+\mmzset{
+ begin document/.style={begindocument/before, begindocument, begindocument/end},
+ end document/.style={enddocument/afterlastpage},
+}
+%</plain,context>
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \paragraph{\texttt{memoize.cfg}} Load the configuration file. Note that
+% |nomemoize| must input this file as well, because any special
+% memoization-related macros defined by the user should be available; for
+% example, my |memoize.cfg| defines |\ifregion| (see
+% \MS\ref{sec:tut:multifile}).
+%</mmz>
+%<mmz,nommz>\InputIfFileExists{memoize.cfg}{}{}
+%<*mmz>
+%
+% Formats other than \hologo{plainTeX} need a way to prevent extraction during
+% package-loading.
+\mmzset{
+ %<!plain>extract/no/.code={},
+% \begin{key}{output directory}
+% \begin{macro}{mmzOutputDirectory}
+% Set the |-output-directory| --- manually, as there is no other way.
+% \indentmacrocode
+ output-directory/.store in=\mmzOutputDirectory,
+}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{key}
+%
+% \paragraph{Process} the package options (except in \hologo{plainTeX}).
+%<latex>\ProcessPgfPackageOptions{/mmz}
+%<context>\expandafter\mmzset\expandafter{\currentmoduleparameters}
+%
+% Define |\mmzOutputDirectory| if |output-directory| was not given.
+\ifdefined\mmzOutputDirectory
+\else
+ \def\mmzOutputDirectory{}%
+\fi
+\mmzset{output directory/.code={\PackageError{memoize}{Key "output-directory"
+ may only be used as a package option}{}}}
+\mmzset{
+ % \paragraph{Extract} the externs using the method given by |memoize.cfg| or
+ % the package options --- unless we're running \hologo{plainTeX}.
+ %<*!plain>
+ extract/\mmz@extraction@method,
+ % In non-\hologo{plainTeX} formats, also disable |extract| in the preamble.
+ extract/.code={\PackageError{memoize}{Key "extract" is only allowed as a
+ package option.}{If you really want to extract in the preamble, execute
+ "extract/<method>".}},
+ %</!plain>
+ %<*plain>
+ % In \hologo{plainTeX}, where extraction must be invoked after
+ % loading the package, we now have to redefine |extract|, so that it will
+ % immediately trigger extraction.
+ extract/.is choice,
+ extract/.default=\mmz@extraction@method,
+ % But only once:
+ extract/.append style={
+ extract/.code={\PackageError{memoize}{Key "extract" is only allowed to
+ be used once.}{If you really want to extract again, execute
+ "extract/<method>".}},
+ },
+ %</plain>
+}
+%
+% Memoize was not really born for the draft mode, as it cannot produce new
+% externs there. But we don't want to disable the package, as utilization is
+% still perfectly valid in this mode, so let's just warn the user.
+\ifnum\pdf@draftmode=1
+ \PackageWarning{memoize}{No memoization will be performed in the draft mode}%
+\fi
+%</mmz>
+%
+% \paragraph{The end} of |memoize|, |nomemoize| and |memoizable|.
+%<*mmz,nommz,mmzable>
+%<plain>\resetatcatcode
+%<context>\stopmodule
+%<context>\protect
+%</mmz,nommz,mmzable>
+% That's all, folks!
+%
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \endinput
+%
+% Local Variables:
+% TeX-engine: luatex
+% TeX-master: "doc/memoize-code.tex"
+% TeX-auto-save: nil
+% End: \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/macros/generic/memoize/memoize.ins b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize.ins
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f288e8e555
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/generic/memoize/memoize.ins
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+%% memoize.ins
+%%
+%% This file is a part of Memoize, a TeX package for externalization of
+%% graphics and memoization of compilation results in general, available at
+%% https://ctan.org/pkg/memoize and https://github.com/sasozivanovic/memoize.
+%%
+%% Copyright (c) 2020- Saso Zivanovic <saso.zivanovic@guest.arnes.si>
+%% (Sa\v{s}o \v{Z}ivanovi\'{c})
+%%
+%% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the
+%% LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c of this license or (at
+%% your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in
+%% https://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3c or later is part of
+%% all distributions of LaTeX version 2008 or later.
+%%
+%% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
+%% The Current Maintainer of this work is Saso Zivanovic.
+%%
+%% The files belonging to this work and covered by LPPL are listed in
+%% (<texmf>/doc/generic/memoize/)FILES.
+%%
+\input docstrip.tex
+\keepsilent
+\preamble
+\endpreamble
+\askforoverwritefalse
+\generate{%
+ \file{memoize.sty}{\from{memoize.dtx}{mmz,latex}}%
+ \file{memoize.tex}{\from{memoize.dtx}{mmz,plain}}%
+ \file{t-memoize.tex}{\from{memoize.dtx}{mmz,context}}%
+ \file{nomemoize.sty}{\from{memoize.dtx}{nommz,latex}}%
+ \file{nomemoize.tex}{\from{memoize.dtx}{nommz,plain}}%
+ \file{t-nomemoize.tex}{\from{memoize.dtx}{nommz,context}}%
+ \file{memoizable.sty}{\from{memoize.dtx}{mmzable,latex}}%
+ \file{memoizable.tex}{\from{memoize.dtx}{mmzable,plain}}%
+ \file{t-memoizable.tex}{\from{memoize.dtx}{mmzable,context}}%
+ \file{memoize-extract-one.tex}{\from{memoize.dtx}{extract-one}}%
+}
+\endbatchfile