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+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<html >
+<head>
+ <title>The TeX Live Guide
+TeX Live 2012</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+<meta name="generator" content="TeX4ht (http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/)">
+<meta name="originator" content="TeX4ht (http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/)">
+<!-- charset=iso-8859-1,html,info,fn-in -->
+<meta name="src" content="texlive-en.tex">
+<meta name="date" content="2012-05-29 00:30:00">
+<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="texlive-en.css">
+<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="texlive-en.css" >
+<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="tex-live.css" >
+</head><body
+>
+ <div class="maketitle">
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2 class="titleHead">The <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Live Guide<br />
+<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live 2012</h2>
+ <div class="author" ><span
+class="ec-lmr-12">Karl Berry, editor</span>
+<br /> <a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-12">http://tug.org/texlive/</span></a> </div><br />
+<div class="date" ><span
+class="ec-lmr-12">June 2012</span></div>
+ </div>
+ <h3 class="likesectionHead"><a
+ id="x1-1000"></a>Contents</h3>
+ <div class="tableofcontents">
+ <span class="sectionToc" >1 <a
+href="#x1-20001" id="QQ2-1-2">Introduction</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >1.1 <a
+href="#x1-30001.1" id="QQ2-1-3">TEX Live and the TEX Collection</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >1.2 <a
+href="#x1-40001.2" id="QQ2-1-4">Operating system support</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >1.3 <a
+href="#x1-50001.3" id="QQ2-1-5">Basic installation of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >1.4 <a
+href="#x1-60001.4" id="QQ2-1-6">Security considerations</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >1.5 <a
+href="#x1-70001.5" id="QQ2-1-7">Getting help</a></span>
+<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >2 <a
+href="#x1-80002" id="QQ2-1-8">Overview of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Live</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >2.1 <a
+href="#x1-90002.1" id="QQ2-1-9">The <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection: TEX Live, proTEXt, MacTEX</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >2.2 <a
+href="#x1-100002.2" id="QQ2-1-10">Top level TEX Live directories</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >2.3 <a
+href="#x1-110002.3" id="QQ2-1-11">Overview of the predefined texmf trees</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >2.4 <a
+href="#x1-120002.4" id="QQ2-1-12">Extensions to <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >2.5 <a
+href="#x1-130002.5" id="QQ2-1-13">Other notable programs in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >2.6 <a
+href="#x1-140002.6" id="QQ2-1-14">Fonts in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live</a></span>
+<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >3 <a
+href="#x1-150003" id="QQ2-1-15">Installation</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >3.1 <a
+href="#x1-160003.1" id="QQ2-1-16">Starting the installer</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.1.1 <a
+href="#x1-170003.1.1" id="QQ2-1-17">Unix</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.1.2 <a
+href="#x1-180003.1.2" id="QQ2-1-18">MacOSX</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.1.3 <a
+href="#x1-190003.1.3" id="QQ2-1-19">Windows</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.1.4 <a
+href="#x1-200003.1.4" id="QQ2-1-23">Cygwin</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.1.5 <a
+href="#x1-210003.1.5" id="QQ2-1-24">The text installer</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.1.6 <a
+href="#x1-220003.1.6" id="QQ2-1-25">The expert graphical installer</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.1.7 <a
+href="#x1-230003.1.7" id="QQ2-1-26">The simple wizard installer</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >3.2 <a
+href="#x1-240003.2" id="QQ2-1-27">Running the installer</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.2.1 <a
+href="#x1-250003.2.1" id="QQ2-1-28">Binary systems menu (Unix only)</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.2.2 <a
+href="#x1-260003.2.2" id="QQ2-1-30">Selecting what is to be installed</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.2.3 <a
+href="#x1-270003.2.3" id="QQ2-1-33">Directories</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.2.4 <a
+href="#x1-280003.2.4" id="QQ2-1-34">Options</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >3.3 <a
+href="#x1-290003.3" id="QQ2-1-36">Command-line install-tl options</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.3.1 <a
+href="#x1-300003.3.1" id="QQ2-1-37">The <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-repository </span>option</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >3.4 <a
+href="#x1-310003.4" id="QQ2-1-38">Post-install actions</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.4.1 <a
+href="#x1-320003.4.1" id="QQ2-1-39">Environment variables for Unix</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.4.2 <a
+href="#x1-330003.4.2" id="QQ2-1-40">Environment variables: Global configuration</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.4.3 <a
+href="#x1-340003.4.3" id="QQ2-1-41">Internet updates after DVD installation</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.4.4 <a
+href="#x1-350003.4.4" id="QQ2-1-42">System font configuration for XeTEX and LuaTEX</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.4.5 <a
+href="#x1-360003.4.5" id="QQ2-1-43">ConTEXt Mark IV</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.4.6 <a
+href="#x1-370003.4.6" id="QQ2-1-44">Integrating local and personal macros</a></span>
+
+
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >3.4.7 <a
+href="#x1-380003.4.7" id="QQ2-1-45">Integrating third-party fonts</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >3.5 <a
+href="#x1-390003.5" id="QQ2-1-46">Testing the installation</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >3.6 <a
+href="#x1-400003.6" id="QQ2-1-47">Links for additional downloadable software</a></span>
+<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >4 <a
+href="#x1-410004" id="QQ2-1-48">Specialized installations</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >4.1 <a
+href="#x1-420004.1" id="QQ2-1-49">Shared-user (or cross-machine) installations</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >4.2 <a
+href="#x1-430004.2" id="QQ2-1-50">Portable (USB) installations</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >4.3 <a
+href="#x1-440004.3" id="QQ2-1-51">ISO (or DVD) installations</a></span>
+<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >5 <a
+href="#x1-450005" id="QQ2-1-52"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr</span>: Managing your installation</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >5.1 <a
+href="#x1-460005.1" id="QQ2-1-56"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>GUI mode</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >5.2 <a
+href="#x1-470005.2" id="QQ2-1-57">Sample <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>command-line invocations</a></span>
+<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >6 <a
+href="#x1-480006" id="QQ2-1-58">Notes on Windows</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >6.1 <a
+href="#x1-490006.1" id="QQ2-1-59">Windows-specific features</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >6.2 <a
+href="#x1-500006.2" id="QQ2-1-60">Additional software included on Windows</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >6.3 <a
+href="#x1-510006.3" id="QQ2-1-62">User Profile is Home</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >6.4 <a
+href="#x1-520006.4" id="QQ2-1-63">The Windows registry</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >6.5 <a
+href="#x1-530006.5" id="QQ2-1-64">Windows permissions</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >6.6 <a
+href="#x1-540006.6" id="QQ2-1-65">Increasing maximum memory on Windows and Cygwin</a></span>
+<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >7 <a
+href="#x1-550007" id="QQ2-1-66">A user&#8217;s guide to Web2C</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >7.1 <a
+href="#x1-560007.1" id="QQ2-1-67">Kpathsea path searching</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >7.1.1 <a
+href="#x1-570007.1.1" id="QQ2-1-68">Path sources</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >7.1.2 <a
+href="#x1-580007.1.2" id="QQ2-1-69">Config files</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >7.1.3 <a
+href="#x1-590007.1.3" id="QQ2-1-70">Path expansion</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >7.1.4 <a
+href="#x1-600007.1.4" id="QQ2-1-71">Default expansion</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >7.1.5 <a
+href="#x1-610007.1.5" id="QQ2-1-72">Brace expansion</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >7.1.6 <a
+href="#x1-620007.1.6" id="QQ2-1-73">Subdirectory expansion</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >7.1.7 <a
+href="#x1-630007.1.7" id="QQ2-1-74">List of special characters and their meaning: a summary</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >7.2 <a
+href="#x1-640007.2" id="QQ2-1-75">Filename databases</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >7.2.1 <a
+href="#x1-650007.2.1" id="QQ2-1-76">The filename database</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >7.2.2 <a
+href="#x1-660007.2.2" id="QQ2-1-77">kpsewhich: Standalone path searching</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >7.2.3 <a
+href="#x1-670007.2.3" id="QQ2-1-78">Examples of use</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >7.2.4 <a
+href="#x1-680007.2.4" id="QQ2-1-79">Debugging actions</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >7.3 <a
+href="#x1-690007.3" id="QQ2-1-83">Runtime options</a></span>
+<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >8 <a
+href="#x1-700008" id="QQ2-1-84">Acknowledgements</a></span>
+<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >9 <a
+href="#x1-710009" id="QQ2-1-85">Release history</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >9.1 <a
+href="#x1-720009.1" id="QQ2-1-86">Past</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >9.1.1 <a
+href="#x1-730009.1.1" id="QQ2-1-87">2003</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >9.1.2 <a
+href="#x1-740009.1.2" id="QQ2-1-88">2004</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >9.1.3 <a
+href="#x1-750009.1.3" id="QQ2-1-89">2005</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >9.1.4 <a
+href="#x1-760009.1.4" id="QQ2-1-90">2006&#8211;2007</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >9.1.5 <a
+href="#x1-770009.1.5" id="QQ2-1-91">2008</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >9.1.6 <a
+href="#x1-780009.1.6" id="QQ2-1-92">2009</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >9.1.7 <a
+href="#x1-790009.1.7" id="QQ2-1-93">2010</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;&#x00A0;<span class="subsubsectionToc" >9.1.8 <a
+href="#x1-800009.1.8" id="QQ2-1-94">2011</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >9.2 <a
+href="#x1-810009.2" id="QQ2-1-95">Present</a></span>
+<br /> &#x00A0;<span class="subsectionToc" >9.3 <a
+href="#x1-820009.3" id="QQ2-1-96">Future</a></span>
+ </div>
+<!--l. 32--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-20001"></a>Introduction</h3>
+
+
+<!--l. 35--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">1.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-30001.1"></a><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Live and the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection</h4>
+<!--l. 37--><p class="noindent" >This document describes the main features of the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live software distribution &#8212; <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> and related programs
+for GNU/Linux and other Unix flavors, Mac OS X, and Windows systems.
+<!--l. 41--><p class="indent" > You may have acquired <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live by downloading, or on the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection DVD, which <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> user
+groups distribute among their members, or in other ways. Section <a
+href="#x1-90002.1">2.1<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:tl-coll-dists --></a> briefly describes the contents of the
+DVD. Both <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live and the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection are cooperative efforts by the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> user groups. This document
+mainly describes <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live itself.
+<!--l. 47--><p class="indent" > <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live includes executables for <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, LaTeX2e, Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t, Metafont, MetaPost, BibTeX and many
+other programs; an extensive collection of macros, fonts and documentation; and support for typesetting in
+many different scripts from around the world.
+<!--l. 52--><p class="indent" > For a brief summary of the major changes in this edition of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, see the end of the document,
+section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-710009">9<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:history --></a> (p. <a
+href="#x1-710009">73<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:history --></a>).
+<!--l. 57--><p class="indent" > <a id="platforms"></a>
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">1.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-40001.2"></a>Operating system support</h4>
+<!--l. 61--><p class="noindent" ><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live contains binaries for many Unix-based platforms, including GNU/Linux, Mac OS X,
+and Cygwin. The included sources can be compiled on platforms for which we do not provide
+binaries.
+<!--l. 65--><p class="indent" > As to Windows: Windows XP and later are supported. Windows&#x00A0;2000 will probably still mostly work.
+There are no special 64-bit executables for Windows, but the 32-bit executables should run on 64-bit
+systems.
+<!--l. 70--><p class="indent" > See section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-90002.1">2.1<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:tl-coll-dists --></a> for alternate solutions for Windows and Mac OS X.
+<!--l. 73--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">1.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-50001.3"></a>Basic installation of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live</h4>
+<!--l. 76--><p class="noindent" >You can install <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live either from DVD or over the Internet (<a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/acquire.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/acquire.html</span></a>).
+The net installer itself is small, and downloads everything requested from the Internet.
+<!--l. 80--><p class="indent" > The DVD installer lets you install to a local disk. You cannot run <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live directly from the
+<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection DVD (or its <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.iso </span>image), but you can prepare a runnable installation on, e.g., a
+USB stick (see section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-430004.2">4.2<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:portable-tl --></a>). Installation is described in later sections (p. <a
+href="#x1-150003">12<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:install --></a>), but here is a quick
+start:
+ <ul class="itemize1">
+ <li class="itemize">The installation script is named <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-tl</span>. It can operate in a &#8220;wizard mode&#8221; given the option
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-gui=wizard </span>(default for Windows), a text mode given <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-gui=text </span>(default for everything else),
+ and an expert GUI mode given <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-gui=perltk</span>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">One of the installed items is the &#8216;<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;Manager&#8217; program, named <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr</span>. Like the installer, it
+ can be used in both GUI mode and in text mode. You can use it to install and uninstall packages
+ and do various configuration tasks.
+ </li></ul>
+<!--l. 101--><p class="indent" > <a id="security"></a>
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">1.4 </span> <a
+ id="x1-60001.4"></a>Security considerations</h4>
+<!--l. 105--><p class="noindent" >To the best of our knowledge, the core <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;programs themselves are (and always have been) extremely
+robust. However, the contributed programs in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Live may not reach the same level, despite everyone&#8217;s best
+efforts. As always, you should be careful when running programs on untrusted input; for maximum safety, use
+a new subdirectory.
+<!--l. 111--><p class="indent" > This need for care is especially urgent on Windows, since in general Windows finds programs in the current
+directory before anything else, regardless of the search path. This opens up a wide variety of possible attacks.
+We have closed many holes, but undoubtedly some remain, especially with third-party programs. Thus, we
+recommend checking for suspicious files in the current directory, especially executables (binaries or scripts).
+Ordinarily they should not be present, and definitely should not normally be created by merely processing a
+document.
+
+
+<!--l. 120--><p class="indent" > Finally, <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;(and its companion programs) are able to write files when processing documents, a feature
+that can also be abused in a wide variety of ways. Again, processing unknown documents in a new subdirectory
+is the safest bet.
+<!--l. 126--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">1.5 </span> <a
+ id="x1-70001.5"></a>Getting help</h4>
+<!--l. 129--><p class="noindent" >The <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> community is active and friendly, and most serious questions end up getting answered. However, the
+support is informal, done by volunteers and casual readers, so it&#8217;s especially important that you do your
+homework before asking. (If you prefer guaranteed commercial support, you can forgo <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live
+completely and purchase a vendor&#8217;s system; <a
+href="http://tug.org/interest.html#vendors" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/interest.html#vendors</span></a> has a
+list.)
+<!--l. 136--><p class="indent" > Here is a list of resources, approximately in the order we recommend using them:
+<!--l. 139--><p class="indent" >
+ <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Getting Started</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">If you are new to <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, the web page <a
+href="http://tug.org/begin.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/begin.html</span></a> gives a brief
+ introduction to the system.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span> <span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">FAQ</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">The <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> FAQ is
+ a huge compendium of answers to all sorts of questions, from the most basic to the most arcane.
+ It is included on <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live in <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/generic/FAQ-en/html/index.html" >texmf-dist/doc/generic/FAQ-en/html/index.html</a>, and is available
+ on the Internet through <a
+href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq</span></a>. Please check here first.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span> <span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Catalogue</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">If you are looking for a specific package, font, program, etc., the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+ Catalogue is the place to look. It is a huge collection of all <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>-related items. See
+ <a
+href="http://mirror.ctan.org/help/Catalogue/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://mirror.ctan.org/help/Catalogue/</span></a>.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span> <span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Web Resources</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">The web page <a
+href="http://tug.org/interest.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/interest.html</span></a> has many <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>-related links,
+ in particular for numerous books, manuals, and articles on all aspects of the system.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">support archives</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">The two principal support forums are the Usenet newsgroup <a
+href="news:comp.text.tex" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">news:comp.text.tex</span></a>
+ and the mailing list <a
+href="mailto:texhax@tug.org" ><span class="path"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texhax@tug.org</span></span></a>. Their archives have years of past questions and answers
+ for your searching pleasure, via <a
+href="http://groups.google.com/group/comp.text.tex/topics" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://groups.google.com/group/comp.text.tex/topics</span></a> and
+ <a
+href="http://tug.org/mail-archives/texhax" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/mail-archives/texhax</span></a>, respectively. And a general web search, for example
+ on <a
+href="http://google.com" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://google.com</span></a>, never hurts.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">asking questions</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">If you cannot find an answer, you can post to <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">comp.text.tex </span>through
+ Google or your newsreader, or to <a
+href="mailto:texhax@tug.org" ><span class="path"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texhax@tug.org</span></span></a> through email. But before you post,
+ <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">please </span>read this FAQ entry, to maximize your chances of getting a useful answer:
+ <a
+href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=askquestion" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=askquestion</span></a>. Also worth mentioning
+ are the <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span> Community site at
+ <a
+href="http://www.latex-community.org/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.latex-community.org/</span></a> and its forum <a
+href="http://www.latex-community.org/forum/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.latex-community.org/forum/</span></a>,
+ and <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;StackExchange at <a
+href="http://tex.stackexchange.com/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tex.stackexchange.com/</span></a>.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span> <span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Live support</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">If you want to report a bug or have suggestions or comments on the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live
+ distribution, installation, or documentation, the mailing list is <a
+href="mailto:tex-live@tug.org" ><span class="path"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex-live@tug.org</span></span></a>. However, if
+ your question is about how to use a particular program included in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, please write to
+ that program&#8217;s maintainer or mailing list. Often running a program with the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--help </span>option will
+ provide a bug reporting address.
+ </dd></dl>
+<!--l. 189--><p class="indent" > The other side of the coin is helping others who have questions. Both <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">comp.text.tex </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texhax </span>are open
+to anyone, so feel free to join, start reading, and help out where you can.
+
+
+<!--l. 196--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-80002"></a>Overview of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Live</h3>
+<!--l. 199--><p class="noindent" >This section describes the contents of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live and the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection of which it is a part.
+<!--l. 202--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">2.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-90002.1"></a>The <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection: <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, pro<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t, Mac<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></h4>
+<!--l. 205--><p class="noindent" >The <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection DVD comprises the following:
+<!--l. 207--><p class="indent" >
+ <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
+<span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span> <span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Live</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">A complete <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> system to be installed to disk. Its home page is
+ <a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/</span></a>.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Mac</span><span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span> </dt><dd
+class="description">for Mac OS X, this adds a native Mac OS X&#x00A0;installer and other Mac applications to <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+ Live. Its home page is <a
+href="http://tug.org/mactex/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/mactex/</span></a>.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">pro</span><span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">t</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">An enhancement of the MiK<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;distribution for Windows, pro<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t&#x00A0;adds a few extra
+ tools to MiK<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, and simplifies installation. It is entirely independent of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, and has its
+ own installation instructions. The pro<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t&#x00A0;home page is <a
+href="http://tug.org/protext" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/protext</span></a>.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">CTAN</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">A snapshot of the CTAN repository (<a
+href="http://www.ctan.org" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.ctan.org</span></a>).
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">texmf-extra</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">A directory with assorted additional packages.
+ </dd></dl>
+<!--l. 228--><p class="indent" > CTAN, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">protext</span>, and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-extra </span>do not necessarily follow the same copying conditions as <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, so be
+careful when redistributing or modifying.
+<!--l. 233--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">2.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-100002.2"></a>Top level <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live directories</h4>
+<!--l. 236--><p class="noindent" >Here is a brief listing and description of the top level directories in a <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live installation.
+<!--l. 239--><p class="noindent" >
+ <dl class="list1"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">bin</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 240--><p class="noindent" >The <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> system programs, arranged by platform.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">readme-*.dir</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 242--><p class="noindent" >Quick overview and useful links for <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, in various languages, in both HTML and plain
+ text.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">source</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 245--><p class="noindent" >The source to all included programs, including the main Web2C-based <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> distributions.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 248--><p class="noindent" >See <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFMAIN </span>below.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-dist</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 250--><p class="noindent" >See <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFDIST </span>below.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlpkg</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 252--><p class="noindent" >Scripts, programs and data for managing the installation, and special support for Windows.</dd></dl>
+
+
+<!--l. 256--><p class="indent" > In addition to the directories above, the installation scripts and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">README </span>files (in various languages) are at
+the top level of the distribution.
+<!--l. 260--><p class="indent" > For documentation, the comprehensive links in the top-level file <a
+href="../../../../doc.html" >doc.html</a> may be helpful. The
+documentation for the programs (manuals, man pages, Info files) is in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf/doc</span>. The documentation for
+<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;packages and formats is in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-dist/doc</span>. You can use the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">texdoc </span>program to find any documentation
+wherever it is located.
+<!--l. 267--><p class="indent" > This <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;documentation itself is in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf/doc/texlive</span>, available in several languages:
+ <ul class="itemize1">
+ <li class="itemize">Czech/Slovak: <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-cz" >texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-cz</a>
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">German: <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-de" >texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-de</a>
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">English: <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-en" >texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-en</a>
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">French: <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-fr" >texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-fr</a>
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Italian: <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-it" >texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-it</a>
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Polish: <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-pl" >texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-pl</a>
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Russian: <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-ru" >texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-ru</a>
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Serbian: <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-sr" >texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-sr</a>
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Simplified Chinese: <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-zh-cn" >texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-zh-cn</a></li></ul>
+<!--l. 282--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">2.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-110002.3"></a>Overview of the predefined texmf trees</h4>
+<!--l. 285--><p class="noindent" >This section lists the predefined variables specifying the texmf trees used by the system, and their intended
+purpose, and the default layout of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live. The command <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;conf </span>shows the values of
+these variables, so that you can easily find out how they map to particular directories in your
+installation.
+<!--l. 291--><p class="indent" > All of the trees, including the personal ones, should follow the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Directory Structure (TDS,
+<a
+href="http://tug.org/tds" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/tds</span></a>), with all its myriad subdirectories, or files may not be found. Section <a
+href="#x1-370003.4.6">3.4.6<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:local-personal-macros --></a> (p. <a
+href="#x1-370003.4.6">39<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:local-personal-macros --></a>)
+describes this in more detail.
+<!--l. 297--><p class="noindent" >
+ <dl class="list1"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFMAIN</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 298--><p class="noindent" >The tree which holds vital parts of the system such as configuration files, helper scripts, and
+ program documentation.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFDIST</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 301--><p class="noindent" >The tree which holds the main set of macro packages, fonts, etc.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFLOCAL</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 303--><p class="noindent" >The tree which administrators can use for system-wide installation of additional or updated
+ macros, fonts, etc.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFHOME</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 305--><p class="noindent" >The tree which users can use for their own individual installations of additional or updated macros,
+ fonts, etc. The expansion of this variable dynamically adjusts for each user to their own individual
+ directory.
+
+
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFCONFIG</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 309--><p class="noindent" >The (personal) tree used by the utilities <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texconfig</span></span></span>, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">updmap</span></span></span>, and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">fmtutil</span></span></span> to store modified
+ configuration data.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSCONFIG</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 312--><p class="noindent" >The (site-wide) tree used by the utilities <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texconfig-sys</span></span></span>, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">updmap-sys</span></span></span>, and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">fmtutil-sys</span></span></span> to store
+ modified configuration data.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFVAR</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 315--><p class="noindent" >The (personal) tree used by <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texconfig</span></span></span>, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">updmap</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">fmtutil</span></span></span> to store (cached) runtime data such
+ as format files and generated map files.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSVAR</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 318--><p class="noindent" >The (site-wide) tree used by <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texconfig-sys</span></span></span>, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">updmap-sys</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">fmtutil-sys</span></span></span>, and also by <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr</span></span></span>,
+ to store (cached) runtime data such as format files and generated map files.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFCACHE</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 321--><p class="noindent" >The tree(s) used by Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t&#x00A0;MkIV to store (cached) runtime data.</dd></dl>
+<!--l. 325--><p class="noindent" >The default layout is:
+ <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">system-wide root</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">can span multiple <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live releases:
+ <dl class="list2"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">2011</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 330--><p class="noindent" >A previous release.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">2012</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 331--><p class="noindent" >The current release.
+ <dl class="list3"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">bin</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 333--><p class="noindent" >&#x00A0;
+ <dl class="list4"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">i386-linux</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 335--><p class="noindent" >GNU/Linux binaries
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">...</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 336--><p class="noindent" >
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">universal-darwin</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 337--><p class="noindent" >Mac OS X&#x00A0;binaries
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">win32</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 338--><p class="noindent" >Windows binaries</dd></dl>
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 340--><p class="noindent" >This is <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFMAIN</span>.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-dist</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 341--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFDIST</span>
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-var </span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 342--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSVAR</span>
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-config</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 343--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSCONFIG</span></dd></dl>
+
+
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-local</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 345--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFLOCAL</span>, intended to be retained from release to release.</dd></dl>
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">user&#8217;s home</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">(<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$HOME </span>or <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">%USERPROFILE%</span>)
+ <dl class="list2"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.texlive2011</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 351--><p class="noindent" >Privately generated and configuration data for a previous release.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.texlive2012</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 353--><p class="noindent" >Privately generated and configuration data for the current release.
+ <dl class="list3"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-var</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 356--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFVAR</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFCACHE</span>
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-config</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 357--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFCONFIG</span></dd></dl>
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 359--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFHOME </span>Personal macros, etc.</dd></dl>
+ </dd></dl>
+<!--l. 364--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">2.4 </span> <a
+ id="x1-120002.4"></a>Extensions to <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></h4>
+<!--l. 367--><p class="noindent" >Knuth&#8217;s original <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> itself is frozen, apart from rare bug fixes. It is still present in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;as the program
+<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tex</span>, and will remain so for the foreseeable future. <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live contains several extended versions of
+<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>:
+<!--l. 372--><p class="indent" >
+ <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">e-</span><span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span> </dt><dd
+class="description">adds a set of new primitives (related to macro expansion, character scanning, classes
+ of marks, additional debugging features, and more) and the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>--XE T extensions for
+ bidirectional typesetting. In default mode, e-<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> is 100% compatible with ordinary <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>. See
+ <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/etex_man.pdf" >texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/etex_man.pdf</a>.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">pdf</span><span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span> </dt><dd
+class="description">builds on the e-<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;extensions, adding support for writing PDF output as well as DVI,
+ and many non-output-related extensions. This is the program invoked for most formats, e.g., <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">etex</span>,
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">latex</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdflatex</span>.
+ Its web site is <a
+href="http://www.pdftex.org/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.pdftex.org/</span></a>. See <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/pdftex/manual/pdftex-a.pdf" >texmf-dist/doc/pdftex/manual/pdftex-a.pdf</a> for the
+ manual, and <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/pdftex/manual/samplepdf/samplepdf.tex" >texmf-dist/doc/pdftex/manual/samplepdf/samplepdf.tex</a> for example usage of some
+ of its features.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Lua</span><span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span> </dt><dd
+class="description">is the designated successor of pdf<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, and is mostly (but not entirely) backward-compatible.
+ It is also intended to be a functional superset of Aleph (see below), though technical compatibility
+ is not intended. The incorporated Lua interpreter (<a
+href="http://www.lua.org/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.lua.org/</span></a>) enables elegant
+ solutions for many thorny <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> problems. When called as <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texlua</span>, it functions as a standalone Lua
+ interpreter, and is already used as such within <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live. Its web site is <a
+href="http://www.luatex.org/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.luatex.org/</span></a>,
+ and the reference manual is <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/luatex/luatexref-t.pdf" >texmf-dist/doc/luatex/luatexref-t.pdf</a>.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Xe</span><span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span> </dt><dd
+class="description">adds support for Unicode input and OpenType- and system fonts, implemented using standard
+ third-party libraries. See <a
+href="http://tug.org/xetex" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/xetex</span></a>.
+
+
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Omega</span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">&#x00A0;(Omega)</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">is based on Unicode (16-bit characters), thus supports working with almost all the
+ world&#8217;s scripts simultaneously. It also supports so-called &#8216;Omega Translation Processes&#8217; (OTPs),
+ for performing complex transformations on arbitrary input. Omega is no longer included in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+ Live as a separate program; only Aleph is provided:
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Aleph</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">combines the Omega&#x00A0;and e-<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;extensions. See <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base" >texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base</a>.
+ </dd></dl>
+<!--l. 416--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">2.5 </span> <a
+ id="x1-130002.5"></a>Other notable programs in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live</h4>
+<!--l. 418--><p class="noindent" >Here are a few other commonly-used programs included in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live:
+<!--l. 420--><p class="indent" >
+ <dl class="list1"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">bibtex, bibtex8</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 422--><p class="noindent" >bibliography support.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">makeindex, xindy</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 424--><p class="noindent" >index support.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 426--><p class="noindent" >convert DVI to PostScript.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xdvi</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 428--><p class="noindent" >DVI previewer for the X Window System.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvilj</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 430--><p class="noindent" >DVI drive for the HP LaserJet family.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dviconcat, dviselect</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 432--><p class="noindent" >cut and paste pages from DVI files.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvipdfmx</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 435--><p class="noindent" >convert DVI to PDF, an alternative approach to pdf<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;(mentioned above).
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">psselect, psnup, </span><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">&#x2026;</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 438--><p class="noindent" >PostScript utilities.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdfjam, pdfjoin, </span><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">&#x2026;</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 440--><p class="noindent" >PDF utilities.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">texexec, texmfstart</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 442--><p class="noindent" >Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t and PDF processor.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tex4ht</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 444--><p class="noindent" ><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> to HTML (and XML and more) converter.
+ </dd></dl>
+
+
+<!--l. 449--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">2.6 </span> <a
+ id="x1-140002.6"></a>Fonts in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live</h4>
+<!--l. 452--><p class="noindent" ><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live comes with many high-quality scalable fonts. See <a
+href="http://tug.org/fonts" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/fonts</span></a> and
+<a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/fonts/free-math-font-survey" >texmf-dist/doc/fonts/free-math-font-survey</a>.
+<!--l. 457--><p class="indent" > <a id="installation"></a>
+ <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-150003"></a>Installation</h3>
+<!--l. 461--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-160003.1"></a>Starting the installer</h4>
+<!--l. 464--><p class="noindent" >To begin, get the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection DVD or download the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live net installer, and locate the installer script:
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-tl </span>for Unix, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-tl.bat </span>for Windows. See <a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/acquire.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/acquire.html</span></a> for more
+information and other methods of getting the software.
+<!--l. 470--><p class="indent" >
+ <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Net installer:</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">Download from CTAN,
+ under <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">systems/texlive/tlnet</span>; the url <a
+href="http://mirror.ctan.org/systems/texlive/tlnet" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://mirror.ctan.org/systems/texlive/tlnet</span></a> will
+ automatically redirect to a nearby, up-to-date, mirror. You can retrieve either <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-tl.zip</span>
+ which can be used under Unix and Windows, or the considerably smaller <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-unx.tar.gz</span>
+ for Unix only. After unpacking, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-tl </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-tl.bat </span>will be in the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-tl</span>
+ subdirectory.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span> <span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Collection DVD:</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">go to the DVD&#8217;s <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texlive </span>subdirectory. Under Windows, the installer
+ normally starts automatically when you insert the DVD. You can get the DVD&#x00A0;by becoming
+ a member of a <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;user group (highly recommended, <a
+href="http://tug.org/usergroups.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/usergroups.html</span></a>), or
+ purchasing it separately (<a
+href="http://tug.org/store" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/store</span></a>), or burning your own from the ISO&#x00A0;image.
+ You can also mount the ISO&#x00A0;directly on most systems. After installing from DVD&#x00A0;or ISO, if you
+ want to get continuing updates from the Internet, please see <a
+href="#x1-340003.4.3">3.4.3<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:dvd-install-net-updates --></a>.
+ </dd></dl>
+<!--l. 493--><p class="indent" > The same installer program is run, whatever the source. The most visible difference between the two is that
+with the net installer, what you end up with is the packages that are currently available. This
+is in contrast to the DVD&#x00A0;and ISO&#x00A0;images, which are not updated between the major public
+releases.
+<!--l. 499--><p class="noindent" >The following sections explain installer start-up in more detail.
+<!--l. 502--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.1.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-170003.1.1"></a>Unix</h5>
+<!--l. 504--><p class="noindent" >Below, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E; </span>denotes the shell prompt; user input is <span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">bold</span>. The script <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-tl </span>is a Perl script. The simplest
+way to start it on a Unix-compatible system is as follows: <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 508--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">cd</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;/path/to/installer</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">perl</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;install-tl</span>
+</div>
+</div> (Or you can invoke <span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">perl /path/to/installer/install-tl</span>, or <span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">./install-tl </span>if it stayed executable, etc.; we
+won&#8217;t repeat all these variations.) You may have to enlarge your terminal window so that it shows the full text
+installer screen (Figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-19061r1">1<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:text-main --></a>).
+<!--l. 517--><p class="indent" > To install in expert GUI&#x00A0;mode (figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-19062r2">2<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:gui-main --></a>), you&#8217;ll need the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">Perl/TK </span>module compiled with XFT support,
+which is generally the case with GNU/Linux, but not necessarily with other systems. Given that, you can run:
+<div class="alltt">
+
+
+<!--l. 521--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">perl</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;install-tl</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-gui</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 525--><p class="indent" > For a complete listing of the various options: <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 526--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">perl</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;install-tl</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-help</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 530--><p class="indent" > <span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Warning about Unix permissions: </span>Your <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">umask </span>at the time of installation will be respected by the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+Live installer. Therefore, if you want your installation to be usable by users other than you, make sure your
+setting is sufficiently permissive, for instance, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">umask 002</span>. For more information about <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">umask</span>, consult your
+system documentation.
+<!--l. 537--><p class="indent" > <span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Special considerations for Cygwin: </span>Unlike other Unix-compatible systems, Cygwin does not by default
+include all of the prerequisite programs needed by the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live installer. See Section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-200003.1.4">3.1.4<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:cygwin --></a> for
+details.
+<!--l. 543--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.1.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-180003.1.2"></a>MacOSX</h5>
+<!--l. 545--><p class="noindent" >As mentioned in section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-90002.1">2.1<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:tl-coll-dists --></a>, a separate distribution is prepared for Mac OS X, named
+Mac<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;(<a
+href="http://tug.org/mactex" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/mactex</span></a>). We recommend using the native Mac<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;installer instead of the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+Live&#x00A0;installer on Mac OS X, because the native installer makes a few Mac-specific adjustments, in particular to
+allow easily switching between the various <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;distributions for Mac OS X&#x00A0;(Mac<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, Fink, MacPorts,
+&#x2026;).
+<!--l. 553--><p class="indent" > Mac<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;is firmly based on <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, and the main <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;trees are precisely the same. It does add a few
+extra folders with Mac-specific documentation and applications.
+<!--l. 558--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.1.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-190003.1.3"></a>Windows</h5>
+<!--l. 560--><p class="noindent" >If you are using the net installer, or the DVD&#x00A0;installer failed to start automatically, double-click
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-tl.bat</span>. For more customization options, e.g., selection of specific package collections, run
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-tl-advanced.bat </span>instead.
+<!--l. 565--><p class="indent" > You can also start the installer from the command-prompt. Below, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E; </span>denotes the prompt; user input is
+<span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">bold</span>. If you are in the installer directory, run just: <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 568--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">install-tl</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 572--><p class="indent" > Or you can invoke it with an absolute location, such as: <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 573--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">D:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">texlive</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">install-tl</span>
+</div>
+</div> for the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection&#x00A0;DVD, supposing that <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">D: </span>is the optical drive. Figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-19063r3">3<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:wizard-w32 --></a> displays the wizard installer,
+which is the default for Windows.
+<!--l. 580--><p class="indent" > To install in text mode, use: <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 581--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">install-tl</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-no-gui</span>
+
+
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 585--><p class="indent" > For a complete listing of the various options: <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 586--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">install-tl</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-help</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 590--><p class="indent" > <hr class="figure"><div class="figure"
+>
+
+
+<a
+ id="x1-19061r1"></a>
+
+
+<div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb1"><a
+ id="x1-19002r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Installing</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;TeX</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Live</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;2012</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;from:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;...</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19004r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Platform:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;i386-linux</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;=&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#8217;Intel</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;x86</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;GNU/Linux&#8217;</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19006r3"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Distribution:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;inst</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;(compressed)</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19008r4"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;...</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19010r5"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Detected</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;platform:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Intel</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;x86</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;GNU/Linux</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19012r6"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19014r7"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;B&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;platforms:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;1</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;out</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;of</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;19</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19016r8"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19018r9"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;S&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;installation</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;(scheme-full)</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19020r10"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;84</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;collections</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;out</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;of</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;85,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;disk</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;space</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;required:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;3091</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;MB</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19022r11"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19024r12"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Customizing</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;installation</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme:</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19026r13"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;C&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;standard</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;collections</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19028r14"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;L&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;language</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;collections</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19030r15"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19032r16"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;D&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;directories:</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19034r17"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;TEXDIR</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;(the</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;main</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;TeX</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;directory):</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19036r18"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texlive/2012</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19038r19"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;...</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19040r20"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19042r21"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;O&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;options:</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19044r22"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;use</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;letter</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;size</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;instead</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;of</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;A4</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;by</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;default</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19046r23"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;...</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19048r24"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19050r25"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;V&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;set</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;up</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;for</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;portable</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;installation</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19052r26"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19054r27"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Actions:</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19056r28"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;I&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;installation</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;to</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;hard</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;disk</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19058r29"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;H&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;help</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-19060r30"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;Q&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;quit</span></div>
+<br /> <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;1: </span><span
+class="content">Main text installer screen (GNU/Linux)</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-19061r1 -->
+
+
+<!--l. 624--><p class="indent" > </div><hr class="endfigure">
+<!--l. 626--><p class="indent" > <hr class="figure"><div class="figure"
+>
+
+
+<a
+ id="x1-19062r2"></a>
+
+
+
+<!--l. 627--><p class="noindent" ><img
+src="../texlive-common/install-lnx-main.png" alt="pict"
+>
+<br /> <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;2: </span><span
+class="content">Expert GUI installer screen (GNU/Linux)</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-19062r2 -->
+
+
+<!--l. 629--><p class="indent" > </div><hr class="endfigure">
+<!--l. 631--><p class="indent" > <hr class="figure"><div class="figure"
+>
+
+
+<a
+ id="x1-19063r3"></a>
+
+
+
+<!--l. 632--><p class="noindent" ><img
+src="../texlive-common/wizard-w32.png" alt="pict"
+>
+<br /> <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;3: </span><span
+class="content">Wizard installer screen (Windows)</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-19063r3 -->
+
+
+<!--l. 634--><p class="indent" > </div><hr class="endfigure">
+<!--l. 637--><p class="indent" > <a id="cygwin"></a>
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.1.4 </span> <a
+ id="x1-200003.1.4"></a>Cygwin</h5>
+<!--l. 641--><p class="noindent" >The <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live installer supports only Cygwin 1.7. Before beginning the installation, use Cygwin&#8217;s <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">setup.exe</span>
+program to install the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">perl </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">wget </span>packages if you have not already done so. The following additional
+packages are recommended:
+ <ul class="itemize1">
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">fontconfig </span>[needed by Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>]
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ghostscript </span>[needed by various utilities]
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">libXaw7 </span>[needed by <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">xdvi</span>]
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ncurses </span>[provides the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">clear </span>command used by the installer]</li></ul>
+<!--l. 654--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.1.5 </span> <a
+ id="x1-210003.1.5"></a>The text installer</h5>
+<!--l. 656--><p class="noindent" >Figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-19061r1">1<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:text-main --></a> displays the main text mode screen under Unix. The text installer is the default on
+Unix.
+<!--l. 659--><p class="indent" > This is only a command-line installer; there is no cursor support at all. For instance, you cannot
+tab around checkboxes or input fields. You just type something (case-sensitive) at the prompt
+and press the Enter key, and then the entire terminal screen will be rewritten, with adjusted
+content.
+<!--l. 665--><p class="indent" > The text installer interface is this primitive for a reason: it is designed to run on as many platforms as
+possible, even with a very barebones Perl.
+<!--l. 669--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.1.6 </span> <a
+ id="x1-220003.1.6"></a>The expert graphical installer</h5>
+<!--l. 671--><p class="noindent" >Figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-19062r2">2<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:gui-main --></a> displays the expert graphical installer under GNU/Linux. Other than using buttons and menus, this
+does not differ much from the text installer.
+<!--l. 675--><p class="indent" > This mode can be invoked explicitly with <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 676--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">install-tl</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-gui=perltk</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 681--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.1.7 </span> <a
+ id="x1-230003.1.7"></a>The simple wizard installer</h5>
+<!--l. 683--><p class="noindent" >Under Windows, the default is to run the simplest installation method we could devise, called the &#8220;wizard&#8221;
+installer (figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-19063r3">3<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:wizard-w32 --></a>). It installs everything and asks almost no questions. If you want to customize your setup,
+you should run one of the other installers.
+<!--l. 689--><p class="indent" > This mode can be invoked explicitly with <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 690--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">install-tl</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-gui=wizard</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<!--l. 695--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-240003.2"></a>Running the installer</h4>
+<!--l. 698--><p class="noindent" >The installer is intended to be mostly self-explanatory, but following are a few notes about the various options
+and submenus.
+<!--l. 701--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.2.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-250003.2.1"></a>Binary systems menu (Unix only)</h5>
+<!--l. 704--><p class="noindent" ><hr class="figure"><div class="figure"
+>
+
+
+<a
+ id="x1-25043r4"></a>
+
+
+<div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb2"><a
+ id="x1-25002r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Available</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;platforms:</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25004r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;===============================================================================</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25006r3"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;a</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;alpha-linux</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
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+ id="x1-25008r4"></a><span
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+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25010r5"></a><span
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+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
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+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;GNU/kFreeBSD</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25012r6"></a><span
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+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
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+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25014r7"></a><span
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+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
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+ id="x1-25016r8"></a><span
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+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;FreeBSD</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25018r9"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
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+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Intel</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;x86</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;GNU/kFreeBSD</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25020r10"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;h</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[X]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;i386-linux</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Intel</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;x86</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;GNU/Linux</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25022r11"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
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+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;i386-solaris</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Intel</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;x86</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Solaris</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25024r12"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;j</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;mips-irix</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;SGI</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;IRIX</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25026r13"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;k</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;mipsel-linux</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;mipsel</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Linux</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25028r14"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;l</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;powerpc-aix</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;PowerPC</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;AIX</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25030r15"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;m</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;powerpc-linux</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;PowerPC</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;GNU/Linux</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25032r16"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;o</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;sparc-solaris</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Sparc</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Solaris</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25034r17"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;p</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;universal-darwin</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;universal</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;binaries</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;for</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;MacOSX/Darwin</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25036r18"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;s</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;win32</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Windows</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25038r19"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;t</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;x86_64-darwin</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;x86_64</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;MacOSX/Darwin</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25040r20"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;u</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;x86_64-linux</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;x86_64</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;GNU/Linux</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-25042r21"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;v</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;x86_64-solaris</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;x86_64</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;with</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Solaris</span></div>
+<br /> <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;4: </span><span
+class="content">Binaries menu</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-25043r4 -->
+
+
+<!--l. 729--><p class="noindent" ></div><hr class="endfigure">
+<!--l. 731--><p class="indent" > Figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-25043r4">4<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:bin-text --></a> displays the text mode binaries menu. By default, only the binaries for your current platform will
+be installed. From this menu, you can select installation of binaries for other platforms as well. This can be
+useful if you are sharing a <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;tree across a network of heterogenous machines, or for a dual-boot
+system.
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.2.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-260003.2.2"></a>Selecting what is to be installed</h5>
+<!--l. 741--><p class="noindent" ><hr class="figure"><div class="figure"
+>
+
+
+<a
+ id="x1-26025r5"></a>
+
+
+<div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb3"><a
+ id="x1-26002r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Select</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme:</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-26004r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;===============================================================================</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-26006r3"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;a</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[X]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;full</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;(everything)</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-26008r4"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;b</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;medium</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;(small</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;+</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;more</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;packages</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;and</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;languages)</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-26010r5"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;c</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;small</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;(basic</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;+</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;xetex,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;metapost,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;a</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;few</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;languages)</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-26012r6"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;d</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;basic</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;(plain</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;and</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;latex)</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-26014r7"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;e</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;minimal</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;(plain</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;only)</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-26016r8"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;f</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;ConTeXt</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-26018r9"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;g</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;GUST</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;TeX</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Live</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-26020r10"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;h</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;teTeX</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;(more</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;than</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;medium,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;but</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;nowhere</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;near</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;full)</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-26022r11"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;i</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;XML</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;scheme</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-26024r12"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;j</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;custom</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;selection</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;of</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;collections</span></div>
+<br /> <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;5: </span><span
+class="content">Scheme menu</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-26025r5 -->
+
+
+<!--l. 757--><p class="noindent" ></div><hr class="endfigure">
+<!--l. 759--><p class="indent" > Figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-26025r5">5<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:scheme-text --></a> displays the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;scheme menu; from here, you choose a &#8220;scheme&#8221;, which is an overall set of
+package collections. The default <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">full </span>scheme installs everything available. This is recommended, but you
+can also choose the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">basic </span>scheme for a small system, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">minimal </span>for testing purposes, and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">medium</span>
+or <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">teTeX </span>to get something in between. There are also various specialized and country-specific
+schemes.
+<!--l. 767--><p class="indent" > <hr class="figure"><div class="figure"
+>
+
+
+<a
+ id="x1-26026r6"></a>
+
+
+
+<!--l. 768--><p class="noindent" ><img
+src="../texlive-common/stdcoll.png" alt="pict"
+>
+<br /> <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;6: </span><span
+class="content">Collections menu</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-26026r6 -->
+
+
+<!--l. 770--><p class="indent" > </div><hr class="endfigure">
+<!--l. 772--><p class="indent" > You can refine your scheme selection with the &#8216;standard collections&#8217; and &#8216;language collections&#8217; menus
+(figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-26026r6">6<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:collections-gui --></a>, shown in GUI&#x00A0;mode for a change).
+<!--l. 776--><p class="indent" > Collections are one level more detailed than schemes &#8212; in essence, a scheme consists of several collections, a
+collection consists of one or more packages, and a package (the lowest level grouping in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live) contains the
+actual <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;macro files, font files, and so on.
+<!--l. 781--><p class="indent" > If you want more control than the collection menus provide, you can use the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Live Manager (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr</span>)
+program after installation (see section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-450005">5<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:tlmgr --></a>); using that, you can control the installation at the package
+level.
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.2.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-270003.2.3"></a>Directories</h5>
+<!--l. 789--><p class="noindent" >The default layout is described in section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-110002.3">2.3<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:texmftrees --></a>, p. <a
+href="#x1-110002.3">8<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:texmftrees --></a>. The default location of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXDIR </span>is <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/usr/local/texlive/2012</span>
+on Unix and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">%SystemDrive%\texlive\2012</span></span></span> on Windows.
+<!--l. 794--><p class="indent" > The main reason to change this default is if you lack write permission for the default location. You don&#8217;t
+have to be root or administrator to install <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, but you do need write access to the target
+directory.
+<!--l. 798--><p class="indent" > A reasonable alternative choice is a directory under your home directory, especially if you will be the sole
+user. Use &#8216;<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">~</span></span></span>&#8217; to indicate this, as in &#8216;<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">~/texlive/2012</span></span></span>&#8217;.
+<!--l. 802--><p class="indent" > We recommend including the year in the name, to enable keeping different releases of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live side by
+side. (You may wish to make a version-independent name such as <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/usr/local/texlive-cur </span>via a symbolic
+link, which you can then update after testing the new release.)
+<!--l. 807--><p class="indent" > Changing <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXDIR </span>in the installer will also change <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFLOCAL</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSVAR </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSCONFIG</span>.
+<!--l. 811--><p class="indent" > <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFHOME </span>is the recommended location for personal macro files or packages. The default value is <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">~/texmf</span></span></span>.
+In contrast to <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXDIR</span>, here a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">~</span></span></span> is preserved in the newly-written configuration files, since it usefully refers to
+the home directory of any individual running <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>. It expands to <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$HOME </span>on Unix and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">%USERPROFILE%</span></span></span> on
+Windows. Special redundant note: <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFHOME</span>, like all trees, must be organized according to the TDS, or files
+may not be found.
+<!--l. 820--><p class="indent" > <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFVAR </span>is the location for storing most cached runtime data specific to each user. <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFCACHE </span>is used for
+that purpose by Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t&#x00A0;MkIV (see section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-360003.4.5">3.4.5<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:context-mkiv --></a>, p. <a
+href="#x1-360003.4.5">39<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:context-mkiv --></a>).
+<!--l. 826--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.2.4 </span> <a
+ id="x1-280003.2.4"></a>Options</h5>
+<!--l. 829--><p class="noindent" ><hr class="figure"><div class="figure"
+>
+
+
+<a
+ id="x1-28025r7"></a>
+
+
+<div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb4"><a
+ id="x1-28002r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Options</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;setup:</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-28004r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;===============================================================================</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-28006r3"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;P&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;use</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;letter</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;size</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;instead</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;of</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;A4</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;by</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;default:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-28008r4"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;E&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;execution</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;of</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;restricted</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;list</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;of</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;programs:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[X]</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-28010r5"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;F&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;create</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;format</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;files:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[X]</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-28012r6"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;D&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;install</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;font/macro</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;doc</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;tree:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[X]</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-28014r7"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;S&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;install</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;font/macro</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;source</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;tree:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[X]</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-28016r8"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;L&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;create</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;symlinks</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;in</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;standard</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;directories:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;]</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-28018r9"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;binaries</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;to:</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-28020r10"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;manpages</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;to:</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-28022r11"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;info</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;to:</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-28024r12"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;&#x003C;Y&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;after</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;installation,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;get</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;package</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;updates</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;from</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;CTAN:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;[X]</span></div>
+<br /> <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;7: </span><span
+class="content">Options menu (Unix)</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-28025r7 -->
+
+
+<!--l. 845--><p class="noindent" ></div><hr class="endfigure">
+<!--l. 847--><p class="indent" > Figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-28025r7">7<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:options-text --></a> shows the text mode options menu. More info on each:
+ <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">use letter size instead of A4 by default:</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">The default paper size selection. Of course, individual
+ documents can and should specify a specific paper size, if desired.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">execution of restricted list of programs:</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">As of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;2010, execution of a few external
+ programs is allowed by default. The (very short) list of allowed programs is given in the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf</span>.
+ See the 2010 news (section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-790009.1.7">9.1.7<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:2010news --></a>) for more details.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">create format files:</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">Although unnecessary format files take time to generate and disk space to store,
+ it is still recommended to leave this option checked: if you don&#8217;t, then format files will be generated
+ in people&#8217;s private <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFVAR </span>tree as they are needed. In that location, they will not be updated
+ automatically if (say) binaries or hyphenation patterns are updated in the installation, and thus
+ you could end up with incompatible format files.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">install font/macro </span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">&#x2026;</span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">&#x00A0;tree:</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">These options allow
+ you to omit downloading/installing the documentation and source files present in most packages.
+ Not recommended.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">create symlinks in standard directories:</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">This option (Unix only) bypasses the need to change
+ environment variables. Without this option, <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live directories usually have to be added to
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">PATH</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">MANPATH </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">INFOPATH</span>. You will need write permissions to the target directories. It is
+ strongly advised <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">not </span>to overwrite a <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;system that came with your system with this option. It
+ is intended primarily for accessing the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;system through directories that are already known
+ to users, such as <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/usr/local/bin</span>, which don&#8217;t already contain any <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;files.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">after installation </span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">&#x2026;</span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">&#x00A0;CTAN:</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">When installing from DVD, this option is enabled by default, since
+ usually one wants to take any subsequent package updates from the CTAN&#x00A0;area that is updated
+ throughout the year. The only likely reason to disable it is if you install only a subset from the
+ DVD&#x00A0;and plan to augment the installation later. In any case, the package repository for the
+ installer, and for updates after installation, can be set independently as needed; see section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-300003.3.1">3.3.1<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:location --></a>
+ and section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-340003.4.3">3.4.3<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:dvd-install-net-updates --></a>.</dd></dl>
+<!--l. 894--><p class="indent" > When all the settings are to your liking, you can type &#8216;I&#8217; to start the installation process. When it is done,
+skip to section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-310003.4">3.4<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:postinstall --></a> to read what else needs to be done, if anything.
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-290003.3"></a>Command-line install-tl options</h4>
+<!--l. 902--><p class="noindent" >Type <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 903--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">install-tl</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-help</span>
+</div>
+</div> for a listing of command-line options. Either <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-</span></span></span> or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--</span></span></span> can be used to introduce option names. These are the
+most common ones:
+<!--l. 909--><p class="noindent" >
+ <dl class="list1"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-gui</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 910--><p class="noindent" >If possible, use the GUI installer. This requires the
+ Perl/Tk module (<a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/distro.html#perltk" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/distro.html#perltk</span></a>) compiled with XFT support;
+ if Perl/Tk is not available, installation continues in text mode.
+
+
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-no-gui</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 915--><p class="noindent" >Force using the text mode installer, even under Windows.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-lang </span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">LL</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 918--><p class="noindent" >Specify the installer interface language as a standard (usually two-letter) code. The installer tries
+ to automatically determine the right language but if it fails, or if the right language is not available,
+ then it uses English as a fallback. Run <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">install-tl &#8211;help </span>to get the list of available languages.
+ <!--l. 925--><p class="noindent" ><a id="opt-in-place"></a>
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-in-place</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 926--><p class="noindent" >If you already have an rsync, svn, or
+ other copy of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live (see <a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/acquire-mirror.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/acquire-mirror.html</span></a>) then this option
+ will use what you&#8217;ve got, as-is, and do only the necessary post-install. Be warned that the file
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlpkg/texlive.tlpdb </span>may be overwritten; saving it is your responsibility. Also, package removal
+ has to be done manually. Do not use this unless you know what you are doing. This option cannot
+ be toggled via the installer interface.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-portable</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 935--><p class="noindent" >Install for portable use on, e.g., a USB stick. Also selectable from within the text installer with
+ the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">V </span>command, and from the GUI installer. See section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-430004.2">4.2<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:portable-tl --></a>.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-profile </span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">file</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 940--><p class="noindent" >Load the installation profile <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">file </span>and do the installation with no user interaction. The installer
+ always writes a file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texlive.profile </span>to the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlpkg </span>subdirectory of your installation. That file can
+ be given as the argument to redo the exact same installation on a different system, for example.
+ Alternatively, you can use a custom profile, most easily created by starting from a generated one
+ and changing values, or an empty file, which will take all the defaults.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-repository </span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">url-or-directory</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 949--><p class="noindent" >Specify package repository from which to install; see following.</dd></dl>
+<!--l. 954--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.3.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-300003.3.1"></a>The <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-repository </span>option</h5>
+<!--l. 957--><p class="noindent" >The default network package repository is a CTAN mirror chosen automatically via <a
+href="http://mirror.ctan.org" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://mirror.ctan.org</span></a>.
+<!--l. 960--><p class="indent" > If you want to override that, the location value can be a url starting with <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ftp:</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http:</span>, or <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">file:/</span>, or a
+plain directory path. (When giving an <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http:</span>&#x00A0;or <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ftp:</span>&#x00A0;location, trailing &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/</span>&#8217; characters and/or a trailing
+&#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/tlpkg</span>&#8217; component are ignored.)
+<!--l. 966--><p class="indent" > For example, you could choose a particular CTAN&#x00A0;mirror with something like:
+<a
+href="http://ctan.example.org/tex-archive/systems/texlive/tlnet/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://ctan.example.org/tex-archive/systems/texlive/tlnet/</span></a>, substituting a real hostname and its
+particular top-level CTAN&#x00A0;path for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ctan.example.org/tex-archive</span></span></span>. The list of CTAN&#x00A0;mirrors is
+maintained at <a
+href="http://ctan.org/mirrors" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://ctan.org/mirrors</span></a>.
+<!--l. 972--><p class="indent" > If the given argument is local (either a path or a <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">file:/ </span>url), compressed files in an <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">archive </span>subdirectory
+of the repository path are used (even if uncompressed files are available as well).
+<!--l. 977--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.4 </span> <a
+ id="x1-310003.4"></a>Post-install actions</h4>
+<!--l. 980--><p class="noindent" >Some post-install may be required.
+
+
+<!--l. 983--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.4.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-320003.4.1"></a>Environment variables for Unix</h5>
+<!--l. 986--><p class="noindent" >If you elected to create symlinks in standard directories (described in section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-280003.2.4">3.2.4<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:options --></a>), then there is no
+need to edit environment variables. Otherwise, on Unix systems, the directory of the binaries
+for your platform must be added to the search path. (On Windows, the installer takes care of
+this.)
+<!--l. 992--><p class="indent" > Each supported platform has its own subdirectory under <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXDIR/bin</span>. See figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-25043r4">4<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:bin-text --></a> for the list of
+subdirectories and corresponding platforms.
+<!--l. 996--><p class="indent" > Optionally, you can also add the documentation man and Info directories to their respective search paths, if
+you want the system tools to find them. The man pages might be found automatically after the addition to
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">PATH</span>.
+<!--l. 1001--><p class="indent" > For Bourne-compatible shells such as <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">bash</span>, and using Intel x86 GNU/Linux and a default directory setup as
+an example, the file to edit might be <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$HOME/.profile </span>(or another file sourced by <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.profile</span>, and the lines to
+add would look like this:
+<!--l. 1006--><p class="indent" >
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb5"><a
+ id="x1-32002r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2012/bin/i386-linux:$PATH;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;export</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;PATH</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-32004r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;MANPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf/doc/man:$MANPATH;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;export</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;MANPATH</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-32006r3"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;INFOPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf/doc/info:$INFOPATH;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;export</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;INFOPATH</span></div>
+<!--l. 1012--><p class="indent" > For csh or tcsh, the file to edit is typically <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$HOME/.cshrc</span>, and the lines to add might look
+like:
+<!--l. 1015--><p class="indent" >
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb6"><a
+ id="x1-32008r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;setenv</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;PATH</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texlive/2012/bin/i386-linux:$PATH</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-32010r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;setenv</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;MANPATH</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf/doc/man:$MANPATH</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-32012r3"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;setenv</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;INFOPATH</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf/doc/info:$INFOPATH</span></div>
+<!--l. 1021--><p class="indent" > If you already have settings somewhere in your &#8220;dot&#8221; files, naturally the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;directories should
+simply be merged in as appropriate.
+<!--l. 1025--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.4.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-330003.4.2"></a>Environment variables: Global configuration</h5>
+<!--l. 1028--><p class="noindent" >If you want to make these changes globally, or for a user newly added to the system, then you are on
+your own; there is just too much variation between systems in how and where these things are
+configured.
+<!--l. 1032--><p class="indent" > Our two hints are: 1)&#x00A0;you may want to check for a file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/etc/manpath.config </span>and, if present, add lines
+such as
+<!--l. 1035--><p class="indent" >
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb7"><a
+ id="x1-33002r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;MANPATH_MAP</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texlive/2012/bin/i386-linux</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;\</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-33004r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf/doc/man</span></div>
+<!--l. 1040--><p class="indent" > And 2)&#x00A0;check for a file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/etc/environment </span>which may define the search path and other default environment
+variables.
+<!--l. 1043--><p class="indent" > In each (Unix) binary directory, we also create a symbolic link named <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">man </span>to the directory <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf/doc/man</span>.
+Some <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">man </span>programs, such as the standard Mac OS X&#x00A0;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">man</span>, will automatically find that, obviating the need for
+any man page setup.
+<!--l. 1049--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.4.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-340003.4.3"></a>Internet updates after DVD&#x00A0;installation</h5>
+<!--l. 1052--><p class="noindent" >If you installed <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;from DVD&#x00A0;and then wish to get updates from the Internet, you need to run this
+command&#8212;<span
+class="ec-lmri-10">after </span>you&#8217;ve updated your search path (as described in the previous section):
+ <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 1056--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">tlmgr</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;option</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;repository</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;http://mirror.ctan.org/systems/texlive/tlnet</span>
+
+
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 1060--><p class="indent" > This tells <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>to use a nearby CTAN&#x00A0;mirror for future updates. This is done by default when installing
+from DVD, via the option described in section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-280003.2.4">3.2.4<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:options --></a>.
+<!--l. 1064--><p class="indent" > If there are problems with the automatic mirror selection, you can specify a particular CTAN&#x00A0;mirror from
+the list at <a
+href="http://ctan.org/mirrors" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://ctan.org/mirrors</span></a>. Use the exact path to the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlnet </span>subdir on that mirror, as shown
+above.
+<!--l. 1070--><p class="indent" > <a id="xetexfontconfig"></a> <a id="sysfontconfig"></a>
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.4.4 </span> <a
+ id="x1-350003.4.4"></a>System font configuration for Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;and Lua<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></h5>
+<!--l. 1075--><p class="noindent" >Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;and Lua<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;can use any font installed on the system, not just those in the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;trees. They do
+these via related but not identical methods.
+<!--l. 1079--><p class="indent" > On Windows, fonts shipped with <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;are made available to Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;automatically. But if you have
+installed the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">xetex </span>package on a Unix-compatible system, you need to configure your system to be
+able to find the fonts shipped with <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;via system name lookup, and not just filename
+lookup.
+<!--l. 1085--><p class="indent" > To facilitate this, when the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xetex </span>package is installed (either at initial installation or later), the necessary
+configuration file is created in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSVAR/fonts/conf/texlive-fontconfig.conf</span>.
+<!--l. 1090--><p class="indent" > To set up the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live fonts for system-wide use (assuming you have suitable privileges), proceed as
+follows:
+ <ol class="enumerate1" >
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-35002x1">Copy the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texlive-fontconfig.conf </span>file to <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/etc/fonts/conf.d/09-texlive.conf</span>.
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-35004x2">Run <span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">fc-cache -fsv</span>.</li></ol>
+<!--l. 1098--><p class="indent" > If you do not have sufficient privileges to carry out the steps above, or if you simply want to make the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+Live fonts available to one user, you can do the following:
+ <ol class="enumerate1" >
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-35006x1">Copy the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texlive-fontconfig.conf </span>file to <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">~/.fonts.conf</span>, where <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">~ </span>is your home directory.
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-35008x2">Run <span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">fc-cache -fv</span>.</li></ol>
+<!--l. 1107--><p class="indent" > You can run <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">fc-list </span>to see the names of the system fonts. The incantation <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">fc-list : family style</span>
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">file spacing </span>(all arguments are literal strings) shows generally interesting information.
+<!--l. 1112--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.4.5 </span> <a
+ id="x1-360003.4.5"></a>Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t Mark IV</h5>
+<!--l. 1115--><p class="noindent" >Both the &#8216;old&#8217; Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t (Mark II) and the &#8216;new&#8217; Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t (Mark IV) should run out of the box after <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+Live installation, and should need no special attention as long as you stick to using <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr</span></span></span> for
+updates.
+<!--l. 1120--><p class="indent" > However, because Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t MkIV does not use the kpathsea library, some setup will be required whenever
+you install new files manually (without using <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr</span></span></span>). After each such installation, each MkIV user must
+run:
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb8"><a
+ id="x1-36002r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;context</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;--generate</span></div>
+<!--l. 1127--><p class="noindent" >to refresh the Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t disk cache data. The resulting files are stored under <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFCACHE</span>. whose default value in
+<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;is <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMSYSVAR;TEXMFVAR</span></span></span>.
+<!--l. 1131--><p class="indent" > Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t&#x00A0;MkIV will read from all paths mentioned in <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFCACHE</span></span></span>, and write to the first path that is
+writable. While reading, the last found match will take precedence in the case of duplicated cache
+data.
+<!--l. 1136--><p class="indent" > For more information, see <a
+href="http://wiki.contextgarden.net/Running_Mark_IV" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://wiki.contextgarden.net/Running_Mark_IV</span></a>.
+<!--l. 1140--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.4.6 </span> <a
+ id="x1-370003.4.6"></a>Integrating local and personal macros</h5>
+
+
+<!--l. 1143--><p class="noindent" >This is already mentioned implicitly in section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-110002.3">2.3<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:texmftrees --></a>: <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFLOCAL </span>(by default, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local</span>
+or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">%SystemDrive%\texlive\texmf-local</span></span></span> on Windows) is intended for system-wide local fonts and macros;
+and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFHOME </span>(by default, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$HOME/texmf </span>or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">%USERPROFILE%\texmf</span></span></span>), is for personal fonts and macros. These
+directories are intended to stick around from release to release, and have their content seen automatically by a
+new <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live release. Therefore, it is best to refrain from changing the definition of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFLOCAL </span>to
+be too far away from the main <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live directory, or you will need to manually change future
+releases.
+<!--l. 1156--><p class="indent" > For both trees, files should be placed in their proper <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Directory Structure (TDS) subdirectories; see
+<a
+href="http://tug.org/tds" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/tds</span></a> or consult <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf/web2c/texmf.cnf</span>. For instance, a <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span> class file or
+package should be placed in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFLOCAL/tex/latex </span>or <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFHOME/tex/latex</span>, or a subdirectory
+thereof.
+<!--l. 1162--><p class="indent" > <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFLOCAL </span>requires an up-to-date filename database, or files will not be found. You can update it with the
+command <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mktexlsr </span>or use the &#8216;Reinit file database&#8217; button on the configuration tab of the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Live Manager
+GUI.
+<!--l. 1167--><p class="indent" > By default, each of these variables is defined to be a single directory, as shown. This is not a hard-and-fast
+requirement. If you need to easily switch back and forth between different versions of large packages, for
+example, you can maintain multiple trees for your own purposes. This is done by setting <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFHOME </span>to the list
+of directories, within braces, separated by commas:
+
+
+ <div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-1">
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb9"><a
+ id="x1-37002r1"></a>&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;TEXMFHOME&#x00A0;=&#x00A0;{/my/dir1,/mydir2,/a/third/dir}</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 1176--><p class="nopar" >
+<!--l. 1178--><p class="indent" > Section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-610007.1.5">7.1.5<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:brace-expansion --></a> describes brace expansion further.
+<!--l. 1181--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.4.7 </span> <a
+ id="x1-380003.4.7"></a>Integrating third-party fonts</h5>
+<!--l. 1183--><p class="noindent" >This is unfortunately a messy topic. Forget about it unless you want to delve into many details of the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+installation. Don&#8217;t forget to check first what you get for free: see section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-140002.6">2.6<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:tl-fonts --></a>.
+<!--l. 1187--><p class="indent" > A possible alternative is to use Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;or Lua<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;(see section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-120002.4">2.4<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:tex-extensions --></a>), which let you use operating system
+fonts without any installation in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>.
+<!--l. 1191--><p class="indent" > If you do need to do this, see <a
+href="http://tug.org/fonts/fontinstall.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/fonts/fontinstall.html</span></a> for our best effort at describing
+the procedure. If you rigorously maintain your local font maps, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr generate updmap </span><span
+class="ec-lmri-10">may </span>be useful,
+notably in moving from release to release; see the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>documentation.
+<!--l. 1198--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.5 </span> <a
+ id="x1-390003.5"></a>Testing the installation</h4>
+<!--l. 1201--><p class="noindent" >After installing <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live as best you can, you naturally want to test it out, so you can start creating beautiful
+documents and/or fonts.
+<!--l. 1204--><p class="indent" > This section gives some basic procedures for testing that the new system is functional. We give Unix
+commands here; under Mac OS X and Windows, you&#8217;re more likely to run the tests through a graphical
+interface, but the principles are the same.
+<!--l. 1209--><p class="indent" >
+ <ol class="enumerate1" >
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-39002x1">Make sure that you can run the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tex </span>program in the first place: <div class="alltt">
+ <!--l. 1213--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">tex</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;--version</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TeX</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;3.1415926</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;(TeX</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;Live</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;...)</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">kpathsea</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;version</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;6.0.1</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">Copyright</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;...</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;D.E.</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;Knuth.</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">...</span>
+</div>
+ </div> If this comes back with &#8216;command not found&#8217; instead of version and copyright information, or with an
+ older version, most likely you don&#8217;t have the correct <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">bin </span>subdirectory in your <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">PATH</span>. See the
+ environment-setting information on p. <a
+href="#x1-320003.4.1">38<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:env --></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-39004x2">Process a basic <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span> file: <div class="alltt">
+ <!--l. 1226--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">latex</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;sample2e.tex</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">pdfTeX</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;3.1415926-...</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;(TeX</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;Live</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;...)</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">...</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">Output</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;written</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;on</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;sample2e.dvi</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;(3</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;pages,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;7484</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;bytes).</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">Transcript</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;written</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;on</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;sample2e.log.</span>
+</div>
+ </div> If this fails to find <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">sample2e.tex </span>or other files, most likely you have interference from old environment
+ variables or configuration files; we recommend unsetting all <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>-related environment variables for a
+ start. (For a deep analysis, you can ask <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> to report on exactly what it is searching for, and finding;
+ see &#8220;Debugging actions&#8221; on page&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-680007.2.4">66<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:debugging --></a>.)
+
+
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-39006x3">Preview the result online: <div class="alltt">
+ <!--l. 1241--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">xdvi</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;sample2e.dvi</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;#</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;Unix</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">dviout</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;sample2e.dvi</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;#</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;Windows</span>
+</div>
+ </div> You should see a new window with a nice document explaining some of the basics of <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span>. (Well
+ worth reading, by the way, if you&#8217;re new to <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>.) You do have to be running under X for <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xdvi </span>to work; if
+ you&#8217;re not, or your <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">DISPLAY </span>environment variable is set incorrectly, you&#8217;ll get an error &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">Can&#8217;t open</span>
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">display</span>&#8217;.
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-39008x4">Create a PostScript file for printing or display: <div class="alltt">
+ <!--l. 1252--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">dvips</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;sample2e.dvi</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-o</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;sample2e.ps</span>
+</div>
+ </div>
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-39010x5">Create a PDF file instead of DVI; this processes the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.tex </span>file and writes PDF directly:
+ <div class="alltt">
+ <!--l. 1258--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">pdflatex</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;sample2e.tex</span>
+</div>
+ </div>
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-39012x6">Preview the PDF file: <div class="alltt">
+ <!--l. 1263--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">gv</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;sample2e.pdf</span>
+ <br />or:
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">xpdf</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;sample2e.pdf</span>
+</div>
+ </div> Neither <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">gv </span>nor <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xpdf </span>are included in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, so you must install them separately. See
+ <a
+href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gv" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.gnu.org/software/gv</span></a> and <a
+href="http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf</span></a>, respectively. There
+ are plenty of other PDF viewers, too. For Windows, we recommend trying Sumatra PDF
+ (<a
+href="http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf</span></a>).
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-39014x7">Standard test files you may find useful in addition to <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">sample2e.tex</span>:
+ <!--l. 1277--><p class="noindent" >
+ <dl class="list2"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">small2e.tex</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1278--><p class="noindent" >A simpler document than <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">sample2e</span>, to reduce the input size if you&#8217;re having troubles.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">testpage.tex</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1280--><p class="noindent" >Test if your printer introduces any offsets.
+
+
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">nfssfont.tex</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1281--><p class="noindent" >For printing font tables and tests.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">testfont.tex</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1282--><p class="noindent" >Also for font tables, but using plain <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">story.tex</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1283--><p class="noindent" >The most canonical (plain) <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> test file of all. You must type &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\bye</span>&#8217; to the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">* </span>prompt after
+ &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex story.tex</span>&#8217;.</dd></dl>
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-39016x8">If you have installed the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">xetex </span>package, you can test its access to system fonts as follows:
+ <div class="alltt">
+ <!--l. 1290--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">xetex</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;opentype-info.tex</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">This</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;is</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;XeTeX,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;Version</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;3.1415926</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x2026;</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">...</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">Output</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;written</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;on</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;opentype-info.pdf</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;(1</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;page).</span>
+ <br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">Transcript</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;written</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;on</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;opentype-info.log.</span>
+</div>
+ </div> (Or the same for <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">luatex</span>.)
+ <!--l. 1299--><p class="noindent" >If you get an error message saying &#8220;Invalid fontname &#8216;Latin Modern Roman/ICU&#8217;&#x2026;&#8221;, then you need
+ to configure your system so that Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> can find the fonts shipped with <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live. See
+ Section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-350003.4.4">3.4.4<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:font-conf-sys --></a>.
+ </li></ol>
+<!--l. 1306--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3.6 </span> <a
+ id="x1-400003.6"></a>Links for additional downloadable software</h4>
+<!--l. 1308--><p class="noindent" >If you are new to <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, or otherwise need help with actually writing <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> or <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span> documents, please visit
+<a
+href="http://tug.org/begin.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/begin.html</span></a> for some introductory resources.
+<!--l. 1312--><p class="indent" > Links for some other tools you may consider installing:
+ <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Ghostscript</span> </dt><dd
+class="description"><a
+href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/</span></a>
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Perl</span> </dt><dd
+class="description"><a
+href="http://www.perl.org/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.perl.org/</span></a> with supplementary packages from CPAN, <a
+href="http://www.cpan.org/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.cpan.org/</span></a>
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">ImageMagick</span> </dt><dd
+class="description"><a
+href="http://www.imagemagick.com" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.imagemagick.com</span></a>, for graphics processing and conversion
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">NetPBM</span> </dt><dd
+class="description"><a
+href="http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/</span></a>, also for graphics.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">-oriented editors</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">There is a wide choice, and it is a matter of the user&#8217;s taste. Here is a selection in
+ alphabetical order (a few here are for Windows only).
+ <ul class="itemize1">
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">GNU Emacs </span>is available natively under Windows, see
+ <a
+href="http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html</span></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">Emacs with Auc</span><span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">X</span></span> for Windows is available from CTAN. The AuC<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;home page is
+ <a
+href="http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex</span></a>.
+
+
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">LEd </span>is available from <a
+href="http://mirror.ctan.org/support/LEd" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://mirror.ctan.org/support/LEd</span></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">SciTE </span>is available from <a
+href="http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html</span></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">Texmaker </span>is free software, available from <a
+href="http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker</span></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">TexMakerX </span>is a fork of <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">Texmaker </span>with additional features;
+ <a
+href="http://texmakerx.sourceforge.net" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://texmakerx.sourceforge.net</span></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">TeXnicCenter </span>is free software, available from <a
+href="http://www.texniccenter.org" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.texniccenter.org</span></a> and in the
+ pro<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t distribution.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">TeXworks </span>is free software, available from <a
+href="http://tug.org/texworks" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texworks</span></a> and installed for
+ Windows and Mac OS X&#x00A0;as part of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">Vim </span>is free software, available from <a
+href="http://www.vim.org" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.vim.org</span></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">WinEdt </span>is shareware available though <a
+href="http://tug.org/winedt" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/winedt</span></a> or <a
+href="http://www.winedt.com" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.winedt.com</span></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">WinShell </span>is available from <a
+href="http://www.winshell.de" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.winshell.de</span></a>.</li></ul>
+ </dd></dl>
+<!--l. 1349--><p class="noindent" >For a much longer list of packages and programs, see <a
+href="http://tug.org/interest.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/interest.html</span></a>.
+<!--l. 1353--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">4 </span> <a
+ id="x1-410004"></a>Specialized installations</h3>
+<!--l. 1355--><p class="noindent" >The previous sections described the basic installation process. Here we turn to some specialized
+cases.
+<!--l. 1358--><p class="indent" > <a id="tlsharedinstall"></a>
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">4.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-420004.1"></a>Shared-user (or cross-machine) installations</h4>
+<!--l. 1362--><p class="noindent" ><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live has been designed to be sharable between different users on one system, and/or between
+different systems on a network. With a standard directory layout, no hard paths are configured: the
+locations for files needed by <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live programs are found relative to the programs. You can see
+this in the principal configuration file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$TEXMFMAIN/web2c/texmf.cnf</span>, which contains lines such
+as
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb10"><a
+ id="x1-42002r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;TEXMFMAIN</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;$SELFAUTOPARENT/texmf</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-42004r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;...</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-42006r3"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;TEXMFLOCAL</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;$SELFAUTOPARENT/../texmf-local</span></div>
+<!--l. 1373--><p class="noindent" >This means that adding the directory for <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live executables for their platform to their search path is sufficient
+to get a working setup.
+<!--l. 1376--><p class="indent" > By the same token, you can also install <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live locally and then move the entire hierarchy afterwards to
+a network location.
+<!--l. 1379--><p class="indent" > For Windows, a sample network installation script named <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">w32client </span>can be downloaded through
+<a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/w32client.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/w32client.html</span></a>. It creates settings and menu shortcuts for using an existing <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+Live installation on a LAN. It also registers an uninstaller <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">w32unclient</span>, available in the same zip file. See the
+web page for more information.
+<!--l. 1387--><p class="indent" > <a id="tlportable"></a>
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">4.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-430004.2"></a>Portable (USB) installations</h4>
+<!--l. 1391--><p class="noindent" >The <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-portable </span>installer option (or <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">V </span>command in the text installer or corresponding GUI option)
+creates a completely self-contained <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live installation under a common root and forgoes system
+integration. You can create such an installation directly on a USB stick, or copy it to a USB stick
+afterwards.
+
+
+<!--l. 1397--><p class="indent" > To run <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;using this portable installation, you need to add the appropriate binary directory
+to the search path during your terminal session, as usual. On Windows, you can double-click
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tl-tray-menu </span>at the root of the installation to choose between a few common tasks, as shown in this
+screenshot:
+
+<!--l. 1404--><p class="indent" > <img
+src="../texlive-common/tray-menu.png" alt="pict"
+>
+<!--l. 1407--><p class="noindent" >The &#8216;More&#x2026;&#8217; entry explains how you can customize this menu.
+<!--l. 1410--><p class="indent" > <a id="tlisoinstall"></a>
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">4.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-440004.3"></a>ISO&#x00A0;(or DVD) installations</h4>
+<!--l. 1414--><p class="noindent" >If you don&#8217;t need to update or otherwise modify your installation often, and/or have several systems on
+which to use <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, it may be convenient to create an ISO&#x00A0;of your <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live installation,
+because:
+ <ul class="itemize1">
+ <li class="itemize">Copying an ISO&#x00A0;between different computers is much faster than copying a normal installation.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">If you are dual-booting between different operating systems and want them to share a <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live
+ installation, an ISO installation is not tied to the idiosyncrasies and limitations of other mutually
+ supported filesystems (FAT32, NTFS, HFS+).
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Virtual machines can simply mount such an ISO.</li></ul>
+<!--l. 1429--><p class="indent" > Of course you can also burn an ISO&#x00A0;to DVD, if that is useful for you.
+<!--l. 1431--><p class="indent" > Desktop GNU/Linux/Unix systems, including Mac OS X, are able to mount an ISO. Apart from that,
+nothing changes compared to a normal hard disk installation, see section <a
+href="#x1-320003.4.1">3.4.1<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:env --></a>.
+<!--l. 1435--><p class="indent" > When preparing such an ISO&#x00A0;installation, it is best to omit the subdirectory for the release year, and have
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-local </span>at the same level as the other trees (<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-dist</span>, etc.). You can do this with the normal
+directory options in the installer.
+<!--l. 1441--><p class="indent" > For a physical (rather than virtual) Windows system, you can burn the ISO&#x00A0;to DVD. However, it may be
+worth your while to investigate free ISO-mounting options. For Windows XP, Microsoft offers
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">winxpvirtualcdcontrolpanel</span>.
+<!--l. 1446--><p class="indent" > For Windows system integration, you can include the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">w32client </span>scripts described in section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-420004.1">4.1<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:sharedinstall --></a> and at
+<a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/w32client.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/w32client.html</span></a>, which work just as well for an ISO&#x00A0;as for a network
+installation.
+<!--l. 1451--><p class="indent" > On Mac OS X, TeXShop and <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>works will be able to use the DVD installation if a symlink <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/usr/texbin</span>
+points to the appropriate binary directory, e.g.,
+
+
+ <div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-2">
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb11"><a
+ id="x1-44002r1"></a>&#x00A0;&#x00A0;sudo&#x00A0;ln&#x00A0;-s&#x00A0;/Volumes/MyTeXLive/bin/universal-darwin&#x00A0;/usr/texbin</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 1456--><p class="nopar" >
+<!--l. 1458--><p class="indent" > Historical note: <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live 2010 was the first <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live edition which was no longer distributed &#8216;live&#8217;.
+However, it always required some acrobatics to run from DVD&#x00A0;or ISO; in particular, there was no way around
+setting at least one extra environment variable. If you create your ISO&#x00A0;from an existing installation then there
+is no need for this.
+<!--l. 1465--><p class="indent" > <a id="tlmgr"></a>
+ <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">5 </span> <a
+ id="x1-450005"></a><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr</span>: Managing your installation</h3>
+<!--l. 1469--><p class="noindent" ><hr class="figure"><div class="figure"
+>
+
+
+<a
+ id="x1-45001r8"></a>
+
+
+
+<!--l. 1470--><p class="noindent" ><img
+src="../texlive-common/tlmgr-gui.png" alt="pict"
+>
+<br /> <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;8: </span><span
+class="content"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>in GUI&#x00A0;mode: main window, after &#8216;Load&#8217;.</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-45001r8 -->
+
+
+<!--l. 1473--><p class="noindent" ></div><hr class="endfigure">
+<!--l. 1475--><p class="indent" > <hr class="figure"><div class="figure"
+>
+
+
+<a
+ id="x1-45002r9"></a><a
+ id="x1-45003r10"></a>
+
+
+
+<!--l. 1479--><p class="noindent" ><img
+src="../texlive-common/tlmgr-general-options.png" alt="pict"
+>
+<br /> <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;9: </span><span
+class="content"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr </span>in GUI&#x00A0;mode: General options</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-45002r9 -->
+<!--l. 1486--><p class="noindent" ><img
+src="../texlive-common/tlmgr-paper-options.png" alt="pict"
+>
+<br /> <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;10: </span><span
+class="content"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr </span>in GUI&#x00A0;mode: Paper
+size options</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-45003r10 -->
+
+
+<!--l. 1491--><p class="indent" > </div><hr class="endfigure">
+<!--l. 1493--><p class="indent" > <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live includes a program named <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>for managing <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live after the initial installation. The
+programs <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">updmap</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">fmtutil </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">texconfig </span>are still included and will be retained in the future, but <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>is now
+the preferred interface. Its capabilities include:
+ <ul class="itemize1">
+ <li class="itemize">installing, updating, backing up, restoring, and uninstalling individual packages, optionally taking
+ dependencies into account;
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">searching for and listing packages, etc.;
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">listing, adding, and removing platforms;
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">changing installation options such as paper size and source location (see section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-300003.3.1">3.3.1<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:location --></a>).</li></ul>
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">5.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-460005.1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>GUI mode</h4>
+<!--l. 1509--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>can be started in GUI mode (figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-45001r8">8<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:tlmgr-gui --></a>) with <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 1510--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">tlmgr</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-gui</span>
+</div>
+</div> or in Windows via the Start menu: <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">Start</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">Programs</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TeX Live 2012</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TeX Live Manager</span>. After clicking
+&#8216;Load&#8217; it displays a list of available and installed packages. This assumes of course that the installation source
+is valid and reachable.
+<!--l. 1518--><p class="indent" > Figures&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-45002r9">9<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:tlmgr-general-options --></a> and&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-45003r10">10<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:tlmgr-paper-options --></a> show the general and paper size option screens.
+<!--l. 1521--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">5.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-470005.2"></a>Sample <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>command-line invocations</h4>
+<!--l. 1523--><p class="noindent" >After the initial installation, you can update your system to the latest versions available with:
+<div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 1525--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">tlmgr</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;update</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-all</span>
+</div>
+</div> If this makes you nervous, first try <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 1529--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">tlmgr</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;update</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-all</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-dry-run</span>
+</div>
+</div> or (less verbose): <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 1533--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">tlmgr</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;update</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-list</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 1537--><p class="indent" > This more complex example adds a collection, for the engine Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, from a local directory:
+ <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 1540--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">tlmgr</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-repository</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;/local/mirror/tlnet</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;install</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;collection-xetex</span>
+
+
+</div>
+</div> It generates the following output (abridged):
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb12"><a
+ id="x1-47002r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;install:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;collection-xetex</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47004r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;install:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;arabxetex</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47006r3"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;...</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47008r4"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;install:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;xetex</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47010r5"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;install:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;xetexconfig</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47012r6"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;install:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;xetex.i386-linux</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47014r7"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;running</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;post</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;install</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;action</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;for</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;xetex</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47016r8"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;install:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;xetex-def</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47018r9"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;...</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47020r10"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;running</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;mktexlsr</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47022r11"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;mktexlsr:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Updating</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf/ls-R...</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47024r12"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;...</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47026r13"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;running</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;fmtutil-sys</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;--missing</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47028r14"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;...</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47030r15"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Transcript</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;written</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;on</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;xelatex.log.</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47032r16"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;fmtutil:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf-var/web2c/xetex/xelatex.fmt</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;installed.</span></div>
+<!--l. 1563--><p class="indent" > As you can see, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>installs dependencies, and takes care of any necessary post-install actions, including
+updating the filename database and (re)generating formats. In the above, we generated new formats for
+Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>.
+<!--l. 1568--><p class="indent" > To describe a package (or collection or scheme): <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 1569--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">tlmgr</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;show</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;collection-latexextra</span>
+</div>
+</div> which produces
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb13"><a
+ id="x1-47034r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;package:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;collection-latexextra</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47036r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;category:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Collection</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47038r3"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;shortdesc:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;LaTeX</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;supplementary</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;packages</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47040r4"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;longdesc:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;A</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;large</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;collection</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;of</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;add-on</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;packages</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;for</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;LaTeX.</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47042r5"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;installed:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;Yes</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-47044r6"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;revision:</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8">&#x00A0;14675</span></div>
+<!--l. 1582--><p class="indent" > Last and most important, for full documentation see <a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/tlmgr.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/tlmgr.html</span></a>, or:
+<div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 1584--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">tlmgr</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-help</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 1589--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">6 </span> <a
+ id="x1-480006"></a>Notes on Windows</h3>
+<!--l. 1592--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">6.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-490006.1"></a>Windows-specific features</h4>
+<!--l. 1595--><p class="noindent" >Under Windows, the installer does some extra things:
+ <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Menus and shortcuts.</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">A new &#8216;<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#8217; submenu of the Start menu is installed, which contains
+ entries for some GUI programs (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">texdoctk</span>, the PS_View (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">psv</span>) PostScript previewer) and
+ some documentation.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">File associations.</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">If enabled, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">TeXworks</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">Dviout </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">PS_view </span>become either the default program for
+ their respective filetypes, or get an entry in the &#8216;Open with&#8217; right-click menus of those filetypes.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Bitmap to eps converter.</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">Various bitmapped formats get an entry <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">bitmap2eps </span>in their &#8216;Open with&#8217;
+ right-click menu. Bitmap2eps is a simple script which lets <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">sam2p </span>or <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">bmeps </span>do the real work.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Automatic path adjustment.</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">No manual configuration steps are required.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Uninstaller.</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">The installer creates an entry under &#8216;Add/Remove Programs&#8217; for <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live. The uninstall
+ tab of the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Live Manager GUI&#x00A0;refers to this.</dd></dl>
+
+
+<!--l. 1615--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">6.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-500006.2"></a>Additional software included on Windows</h4>
+<!--l. 1617--><p class="noindent" >To be complete, a <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live installation needs support packages that are not commonly found on a Windows
+machine. <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live provides the missing pieces:
+ <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Perl and Ghostscript.</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">Because of the importance of Perl and Ghostscript, <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live includes
+ &#8216;hidden&#8217; copies of these programs. <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live programs that need them know where to find them,
+ but they don&#8217;t betray their presence through environment variables or registry settings. They
+ aren&#8217;t full-scale installations, and shouldn&#8217;t interfere with any system installations of Perl or
+ Ghostscript.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">PS_View.</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">Also installed is PS_View, a PostScript and PDF viewer; see figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-50001r11">11<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:psview --></a>.
+ <!--l. 1632--><p class="noindent" ><hr class="figure"><div class="figure"
+><a
+ id="x1-50001r11"></a> <img
+src="../texlive-common/psview.png" alt="pict"
+>
+<br /> <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;11: </span><span
+class="content">PS_View: very high magnifications available!</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-50001r11 -->
+ <!--l. 1635--><p class="noindent" ></div><hr class="endfigure">
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">dviout.</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">Also installed is <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dviout</span>, a DVI viewer. At first, when you preview files with <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dviout</span>, it will create fonts,
+ because screen fonts were not installed. After a while, you will have created most of the fonts you use,
+ and you will rarely see the font-creation window. More information can be found in the (highly
+ recommended) on-line help.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">X</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">works.</span> </dt><dd
+class="description"><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>works is a <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>-oriented editor with an integrated PDF viewer.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">Command-line tools.</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">A number of Windows ports of common Unix command-line programs
+ are installed along with the usual <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live binaries. These include <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">gzip</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">unzip </span>and the
+ utilities from the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xpdf </span>suite (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdfinfo</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdffonts</span>, &#x2026;). The <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xpdf </span>viewer itself is not available for
+ Windows. Instead, you can download the Sumatra PDF viewer, which is based on <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xpdf</span>, from
+ <a
+href="http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf</span></a>, among other options.
+ </dd><dt class="description">
+<span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">fc-list, fc-cache, </span><span
+class="ec-lmbx-10">&#x2026;</span> </dt><dd
+class="description">The tools from the fontconfig library allow Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> to handle system fonts on Windows.
+ You can use <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">fc-list </span>to determine the font names to pass to Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#8217;s extended <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\font </span>command. If
+ necessary, run <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">fc-cache </span>first to update font information.
+ </dd></dl>
+<!--l. 1665--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">6.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-510006.3"></a>User Profile is Home</h4>
+<!--l. 1668--><p class="noindent" >The Windows counterpart of a Unix home directory is the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">%USERPROFILE%</span></span></span> directory. Under Windows XP, this
+is usually <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">C:\Documents</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;and</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;Settings\&#x003C;username&#x003E;</span></span></span>, and under Windows Vista and Windows&#x00A0;7 it is
+<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">C:\Users\&#x003C;username&#x003E;</span></span></span>. In the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf </span>file, and Kpathsea in general, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">~</span></span></span> will expand appropriately on both
+Windows and Unix.
+<!--l. 1676--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">6.4 </span> <a
+ id="x1-520006.4"></a>The Windows registry</h4>
+<!--l. 1679--><p class="noindent" >Windows stores nearly all configuration data in its registry. The registry contains a set of hierarchically
+organized keys, with several root keys. The most important ones for installation programs are
+<span class="path"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">HKEY_CURRENT_USER</span></span> and <span class="path"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE</span></span>, <span class="path"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">HKCU</span></span> and <span class="path"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">HKLM</span></span> in short. The <span class="path"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">HKCU</span></span> part of the registry is in
+the user&#8217;s home directory (see section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-510006.3">6.3<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:winhome --></a>). <span class="path"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">HKLM</span></span> is normally in a subdirectory of the Windows
+directory.
+<!--l. 1687--><p class="indent" > In some cases, system information could be obtained from environment variables but for other information,
+for example the location of shortcuts, it is necessary to consult the registry. Setting environment variables
+permanently also requires registry access.
+
+
+<!--l. 1693--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">6.5 </span> <a
+ id="x1-530006.5"></a>Windows permissions</h4>
+<!--l. 1696--><p class="noindent" >In later versions of Windows, a distinction is made between regular users and administrators, where only the
+latter have free access to the entire operating system. In practice, though, you could better describe these
+classes of users as unprivileged users and normal users: being an administrator is the rule, not the
+exception. Nevertheless, we have made an effort to make <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live installable without administrative
+privileges.
+<!--l. 1703--><p class="indent" > If the user is an administrator, there is an option to install for all users. If this option is chosen, shortcuts
+are created for all users, and the system environment is modified. Otherwise, shortcuts and menu entries are
+created for the current user, and the user environment is modified.
+<!--l. 1709--><p class="indent" > Regardless of administrator status, the default root of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live proposed by the installer is always
+under <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">%SystemDrive%</span></span></span>. The installer always tests whether the root is writable for the current
+user.
+<!--l. 1713--><p class="indent" > A problem may arise if the user is not an administrator and <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> already exists in the search path. Since
+the effective path consists of the system path followed by the user path, the new <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live would
+never get precedence. As a safeguard, the installer creates a shortcut to the command-prompt in
+which the new <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live binary directory is prepended to the local search path. The new <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+Live will be always usable from within such a command-prompt. The shortcut for <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>works, if
+installed, also prepends <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live to the search path, so it should also be immune to this path
+problem.
+<!--l. 1723--><p class="indent" > For Vista and Windows&#x00A0;7 there is another twist: even if you are logged in as administrator, you need to
+explicitly ask for administrator privileges. In fact, there is not much point in logging in as administrator.
+Instead, right-clicking on the program or shortcut that you want to run usually gives you a choice &#8216;Run as
+administrator&#8217;.
+<!--l. 1730--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">6.6 </span> <a
+ id="x1-540006.6"></a>Increasing maximum memory on Windows and Cygwin</h4>
+<!--l. 1733--><p class="noindent" >Windows and Cygwin (see section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-200003.1.4">3.1.4<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:cygwin --></a> for Cygwin installation specifics) users may find that they run out of
+memory when running some of the programs shipped with <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live. For example, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">asy </span>might run out of
+memory if you try to allocate an array of 25,000,000 reals, and Lua<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;might run out of memory if you try to
+process a document with a lot of big fonts.
+<!--l. 1740--><p class="indent" > For Cygwin, you can increase the amount of available memory by following the instructions in the Cygwin
+User&#8217;s Guide (<a
+href="http://www.cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/setup-maxmem.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/setup-maxmem.html</span></a>).
+<!--l. 1744--><p class="indent" > For Windows, you have to create a file, say <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">moremem.reg</span>, with these four lines:
+<!--l. 1747--><p class="indent" >
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb14"><a
+ id="x1-54002r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;Windows</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;Registry</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;Editor</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;Version</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;5.00</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-54004r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-54006r3"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Cygwin]</span><br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-54008r4"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;"heap_chunk_in_mb"=dword:ffffff00</span></div>
+<!--l. 1754--><p class="noindent" >and then execute the command <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">regedit /s moremem.reg </span>as administrator. (If you want to change memory
+only for the current user instead of system-wide, use <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">HKEY_CURRENT_USER</span>.)
+<!--l. 1759--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7 </span> <a
+ id="x1-550007"></a>A user&#8217;s guide to Web2C</h3>
+<!--l. 1761--><p class="noindent" >Web2C is an integrated collection of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>-related programs: <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> itself, Metafont, MetaPost, BibTeX, etc.
+It is the heart of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live. The home page for Web2C, with the current manual and more, is
+<a
+href="http://tug.org/web2c" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/web2c</span></a>.
+<!--l. 1766--><p class="indent" > A bit of history: The original implementation was by Tomas Rokicki who, in 1987, developed a first
+<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>-to-C system based on change files under Unix, which were primarily the original work of Howard
+Trickey and Pavel Curtis. Tim Morgan became the maintainer of the system, and during this period
+the name changed to Web-to-C. In 1990, Karl Berry took over the work, assisted by dozens of
+additional contributors, and in 1997 he handed the baton to Olaf Weber, who returned it to Karl in
+2006.
+<!--l. 1775--><p class="indent" > The Web2C system runs on Unix, 32-bit Windows systems, Mac OS X, and other operating systems. It uses
+Knuth&#8217;s original sources for <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> and other basic programs written in the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">WEB </span>literate programming
+system and translates them into C source code. The core <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> programs handled in this way
+are:
+<!--l. 1781--><p class="indent" >
+
+
+ <dl class="list1"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">bibtex</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1782--><p class="noindent" >Maintaining bibliographies.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvicopy</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1783--><p class="noindent" >Expands virtual font references in DVI files.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvitomp</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1784--><p class="noindent" >DVI to MPX (MetaPost pictures).
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvitype</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1785--><p class="noindent" >DVI to human-readable text.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">gftodvi</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1786--><p class="noindent" >Generic font proofsheets.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">gftopk</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1787--><p class="noindent" >Generic to packed fonts.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">gftype</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1788--><p class="noindent" >GF to human-readable text.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mf</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1789--><p class="noindent" >Creating typeface families.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mft</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1790--><p class="noindent" >Prettyprinting Metafont source.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mpost</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1791--><p class="noindent" >Creating technical diagrams.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">patgen</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1792--><p class="noindent" >Creating hyphenation patterns.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pktogf</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1793--><p class="noindent" >Packed to generic fonts.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pktype</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1794--><p class="noindent" >PK to human-readable text.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pltotf</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1795--><p class="noindent" >Plain text property list to TFM.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pooltype</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1796--><p class="noindent" >Display <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">WEB </span>pool files.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tangle</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1797--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">WEB </span>to Pascal.
+
+
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tex</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1798--><p class="noindent" >Typesetting.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tftopl</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1799--><p class="noindent" >TFM to plain text property list.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">vftovp</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1800--><p class="noindent" >Virtual font to virtual property list.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">vptovf</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1801--><p class="noindent" >Virtual property list to virtual font.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">weave</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1802--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">WEB </span>to <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>.</dd></dl>
+<!--l. 1805--><p class="noindent" >The precise functions and syntax of these programs are described in the documentation of the individual
+packages and of Web2C itself. However, knowing a few principles governing the whole family of programs will
+help you take advantage of your Web2C installation.
+<!--l. 1810--><p class="indent" > All programs honor these standard GNU options:
+ <dl class="list1"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--help</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1812--><p class="noindent" >print basic usage summary.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--verbose</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1813--><p class="noindent" >print detailed progress report.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--version</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 1814--><p class="noindent" >print version information, then exit.</dd></dl>
+<!--l. 1817--><p class="indent" > For locating files the Web2C programs use the path searching library Kpathsea (<a
+href="http://tug.org/kpathsea" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/kpathsea</span></a>).
+This library uses a combination of environment variables and a configuration files to optimize searching the
+(huge) collection of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> files. Web2C can look at many directory trees simultaneously, which is useful in
+maintaining <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#8217;s standard distribution and local and personal extensions in distinct trees. To speed up file
+searches, the root of each tree has a file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R</span>, containing an entry showing the name and relative pathname for
+all files under that root.
+<!--l. 1828--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-560007.1"></a>Kpathsea path searching</h4>
+<!--l. 1831--><p class="noindent" >Let us first describe the generic path searching mechanism of the Kpathsea library.
+<!--l. 1834--><p class="indent" > We call a <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">search path </span>a colon- or semicolon-separated list of <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">path elements</span>, which are basically directory
+names. A search path can come from (a combination of) many sources. To look up a file &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">my-file</span>&#8217; along a
+path &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.:/dir</span>&#8217;, Kpathsea checks each element of the path in turn: first <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">./my-file</span>, then <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/dir/my-file</span>,
+returning the first match (or possibly all matches).
+<!--l. 1842--><p class="indent" > In order to adapt optimally to all operating systems&#8217; conventions, on non-Unix systems Kpathsea can use
+filename separators different from colon (&#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">:</span>&#8217;) and slash (&#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/</span>&#8217;).
+<!--l. 1846--><p class="indent" > To check a particular path element <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">p</span>, Kpathsea first checks if a prebuilt database (see &#8220;Filename database&#8221;
+on page&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-640007.2">63<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:filename-database --></a>) applies to <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">p</span>, i.e., if the database is in a directory that is a prefix of <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">p</span>. If so, the path specification
+is matched against the contents of the database.
+<!--l. 1852--><p class="indent" > If the database does not exist, or does not apply to this path element, or contains no matches, the
+filesystem is searched (if this was not forbidden by a specification starting with &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">!!</span>&#8217;&#x00A0;and if the file being
+searched for must exist). Kpathsea constructs the list of directories that correspond to this path element, and
+then checks in each for the file being sought.
+
+
+<!--l. 1859--><p class="indent" > The &#8220;file must exist&#8221; condition comes into play with &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.vf</span>&#8217; files and input files read by <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#8217;s <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\openin</span>
+command. Such files may not exist (e.g., <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">cmr10.vf</span>), and so it would be wrong to search the disk for them.
+Therefore, if you fail to update <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R </span>when you install a new &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.vf</span>&#8217; file, it will never be found. Each path
+element is checked in turn: first the database, then the disk. If a match is found, the search stops and the result
+is returned.
+<!--l. 1868--><p class="indent" > Although the simplest and most common path element is a directory name, Kpathsea supports additional
+features in search paths: layered default values, environment variable names, config file values, users&#8217; home
+directories, and recursive subdirectory searching. Thus, we say that Kpathsea <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">expands </span>a path element, meaning
+it transforms all the specifications into basic directory name or names. This is described in the following
+sections in the same order as it takes place.
+<!--l. 1877--><p class="indent" > Note that if the filename being searched for is absolute or explicitly relative, i.e., starts with &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/</span>&#8217; or &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">./</span>&#8217; or
+&#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">../</span>&#8217;, Kpathsea simply checks if that file exists.
+<!--l. 1891--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.1.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-570007.1.1"></a>Path sources</h5>
+<!--l. 1894--><p class="noindent" >A search path can come from many sources. In the order in which Kpathsea uses them:
+<!--l. 1897--><p class="indent" >
+ <ol class="enumerate1" >
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-57002x1">A user-set environment variable, for instance, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXINPUTS</span>. Environment variables with a period
+ and a program name appended override; e.g., if &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">latex</span>&#8217; is the name of the program being run,
+ then <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXINPUTS.latex </span>will override <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXINPUTS</span>.
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-57004x2">A program-specific configuration file, for example, a line &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">S /a:/b</span>&#8217; in <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips</span>&#8217;s <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">config.ps</span>.
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-57006x3">A Kpathsea configuration file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf</span>, containing a line like &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXINPUTS=/c:/d</span>&#8217; (see below).
+ </li>
+ <li
+ class="enumerate" id="x1-57008x4">The compile-time default.</li></ol>
+<!--l. 1910--><p class="noindent" >You can see each of these values for a given search path by using the debugging options (see &#8220;Debugging actions&#8221;
+on page&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-680007.2.4">66<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:debugging --></a>).
+<!--l. 1914--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.1.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-580007.1.2"></a>Config files</h5>
+<!--l. 1916--><p class="noindent" >Kpathsea reads <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">runtime configuration files </span>named <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf </span>for search path and other definitions. The search
+path used to look for these files is named <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFCNF</span>, but we do not recommend setting this (or any)
+environment variable.
+<!--l. 1921--><p class="indent" > Instead, normal installation results in a file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.../2012/texmf.cnf</span>. If you must make changes to the
+defaults (not normally necessary), this is the place to put them. The main configuration file is in
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.../2012/texmf/web2c/texmf.cnf</span>. You should not edit this latter file, as your changes will be lost when the
+distributed version is updated.
+<!--l. 1928--><p class="indent" > <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">All </span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf </span>files in the search path will be read and definitions in earlier files override those in later
+files. For example, with a search path of <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.:$TEXMF</span></span></span>, values from <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">./texmf.cnf </span>override those from
+<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$TEXMF/texmf.cnf</span></span></span>.
+ <ul class="itemize1">
+ <li class="itemize">Comments start with <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">% </span>and continue to the end of the line.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Blank lines are ignored.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">A <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\ </span>at the end of a line acts as a continuation character, i.e., the next line is appended. Whitespace
+ at the beginning of continuation lines is not ignored.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Each remaining line has the form: <div class="alltt">
+
+
+ <!--l. 1944--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">variable</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">[.</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">progname</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;[=]</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">value</span>
+</div>
+ </div>where the &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">=</span>&#8217; and surrounding whitespace are optional.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">The <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">variable </span>name may contain any character other than whitespace, &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">=</span>&#8217;, or &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.</span>&#8217;, but sticking to &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">A-Za-z_</span>&#8217;
+ is safest.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">If &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">progname</span>&#8217; is present, the definition only applies if the program that is running is named <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">progname</span>
+ or <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">progname</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.exe</span>. This allows different flavors of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> to have different search paths, for
+ example.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">value </span>may contain any characters except <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">% </span>and &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">@</span>&#8217;. The <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">var</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">prog </span>feature is not available on the
+ right-hand side; instead, you must use an additional variable. A &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">;</span>&#8217;&#x00A0;in <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">value </span>is translated to &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">:</span>&#8217;&#x00A0;if
+ running under Unix; this is useful to be able to have a single <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf </span>for Unix, MS-DOS and Windows
+ systems.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">All definitions are read before anything is expanded, so variables can be referenced before they are
+ defined.</li></ul>
+<!--l. 1969--><p class="noindent" >A configuration file fragment illustrating most of these points is shown below:
+<!--l. 1973--><p class="indent" >
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb15">
+<a
+ id="x1-58002r1"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;TEXMF</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;=</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;{$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFMAIN}</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-58004r2"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;TEXINPUTS.latex</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;=</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;.;$TEXMF/tex/{latex,generic;}//</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-58006r3"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;TEXINPUTS.fontinst</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;=</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;.;$TEXMF/tex//;$TEXMF/fonts/afm//</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-58008r4"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;%</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;e-TeX</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;related</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;files</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-58010r5"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;TEXINPUTS.elatex</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;=</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;.;$TEXMF/{etex,tex}/{latex,generic;}//</span>
+<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-58012r6"></a><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;TEXINPUTS.etex</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;=</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-8x-x-87">&#x00A0;.;$TEXMF/{etex,tex}/{eplain,plain,generic;}//</span>
+ </div>
+<!--l. 1978--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.1.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-590007.1.3"></a>Path expansion</h5>
+<!--l. 1982--><p class="noindent" >Kpathsea recognizes certain special characters and constructions in search paths, similar to those available in
+Unix shells. As a general example, the complex path, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">~$USER/{foo,bar}//baz</span></span></span>, expands to all subdirectories
+under directories <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">foo </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">bar </span>in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$USER</span>&#8217;s home directory that contain a directory or file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">baz</span>. These expansions
+are explained in the sections below.
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.1.4 </span> <a
+ id="x1-600007.1.4"></a>Default expansion</h5>
+<!--l. 1993--><p class="noindent" >If the highest-priority search path (see &#8220;Path sources&#8221; on page&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-570007.1.1">58<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:path-sources --></a>) contains an <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">extra colon </span>(i.e., leading,
+trailing, or doubled), Kpathsea inserts at that point the next-highest-priority search path that is defined. If
+that inserted path has an extra colon, the same happens with the next highest. For example, given an
+environment variable setting
+ <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2000--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">setenv</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;TEXINPUTS</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;/home/karl:</span>
+</div>
+</div> and a <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXINPUTS </span>value from <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf </span>of
+ <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2005--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;.:$TEXMF//tex</span>
+
+
+</div>
+</div> then the final value used for searching will be:
+ <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2010--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/home/karl:.:$TEXMF//tex</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 2014--><p class="indent" > Since it would be useless to insert the default value in more than one place, Kpathsea changes only one
+extra &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">:</span>&#8217;&#x00A0;and leaves any others in place. It checks first for a leading &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">:</span>&#8217;, then a trailing &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">:</span>&#8217;, then a doubled
+&#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">:</span>&#8217;.
+<!--l. 2019--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.1.5 </span> <a
+ id="x1-610007.1.5"></a>Brace expansion</h5>
+<!--l. 2022--><p class="noindent" >A useful feature is brace expansion, which means that, for instance, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">v{a,b}w</span></span></span> expands to <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">vaw:vbw</span></span></span>.
+Nesting is allowed. This is used to implement multiple <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> hierarchies, by assigning a brace
+list to <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$TEXMF</span>. For example, in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf</span>, a definition like this (simplified for this example) is
+made:
+
+
+ <div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-3">
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb16"><a
+ id="x1-61002r1"></a>&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;TEXMF&#x00A0;=&#x00A0;{$TEXMFHOME,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFVAR,!!$TEXMFMAIN}</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 2030--><p class="nopar" >Using this you can then write something like
+
+
+ <div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-4">
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb17"><a
+ id="x1-61004r1"></a>&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;TEXINPUTS&#x00A0;=&#x00A0;.;$TEXMF/tex//</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 2034--><p class="nopar" >which means that, after looking in the current directory, the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$TEXMFHOME/tex</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$TEXMFLOCAL/tex</span>,
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$TEXMFVAR/tex </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$TEXMFMAIN/tex </span>trees <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">only</span>) will be searched (the last two use using <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R </span>data base
+files). It is a convenient way for running two parallel <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> structures, one &#8220;frozen&#8221; (on a CD, for
+instance) and the other being continuously updated with new versions as they become available.
+By using the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$TEXMF </span>variable in all definitions, one is sure to always search the up-to-date tree
+first.
+<!--l. 2046--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.1.6 </span> <a
+ id="x1-620007.1.6"></a>Subdirectory expansion</h5>
+<!--l. 2049--><p class="noindent" >Two or more consecutive slashes in a path element following a directory <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">d </span>is replaced by all subdirectories of <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">d</span>:
+first those subdirectories directly under <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">d</span>, then the subsubdirectories under those, and so on. At each level, the
+order in which the directories are searched is <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">unspecified</span>.
+<!--l. 2055--><p class="indent" > If you specify any filename components after the &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">//</span>&#8217;, only subdirectories with matching components are
+included. For example, &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/a//b</span>&#8217; expands into directories <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/a/1/b</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/a/2/b</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/a/1/1/b</span>, and so on, but not <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/a/b/c</span>
+or <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/a/1</span>.
+<!--l. 2060--><p class="indent" > Multiple &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">//</span>&#8217; constructs in a path are possible, but &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">//</span>&#8217; at the beginning of a path is ignored.
+<!--l. 2063--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.1.7 </span> <a
+ id="x1-630007.1.7"></a>List of special characters and their meaning: a summary</h5>
+<!--l. 2065--><p class="noindent" >The following list summarizes the special characters in Kpathsea configuration files.
+<!--l. 2070--><p class="noindent" >
+ <dl class="list1"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">:</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2071--><p class="noindent" >Separator in path specification; at the beginning or the end of a path it substitutes the default
+ path expansion.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">;</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2073--><p class="noindent" >Separator on non-Unix systems (acts like <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">:</span>).
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2074--><p class="noindent" >Variable expansion.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">~</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2075--><p class="noindent" >Represents the user&#8217;s home directory.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">{...}</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2076--><p class="noindent" >Brace expansion.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">//</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2077--><p class="noindent" >Subdirectory expansion (can occur anywhere in a path, except at its beginning).
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">%</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2079--><p class="noindent" >Start of comment.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2080--><p class="noindent" >Continuation character (allows multi-line entries).
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">!!</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2081--><p class="noindent" >Search <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">only </span>database to locate file, <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">do not </span>search the disk.</dd></dl>
+
+
+<!--l. 2086--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-640007.2"></a>Filename databases</h4>
+<!--l. 2089--><p class="noindent" >Kpathsea goes to some lengths to minimize disk accesses for searches. Nevertheless, at installations with
+enough directories, searching each possible directory for a given file can take an excessively long time (this is
+especially true if many hundreds of font directories have to be traversed.) Therefore, Kpathsea can use an
+externally-built plain text &#8220;database&#8221; file named <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R </span>that maps files to directories, thus avoiding the need to
+exhaustively search the disk.
+<!--l. 2097--><p class="indent" > A second database file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">aliases </span>allows you to give additional names to the files listed in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R</span>. This can be
+helpful to confirm to DOS 8.3 filename conventions in source files.
+<!--l. 2101--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.2.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-650007.2.1"></a>The filename database</h5>
+<!--l. 2104--><p class="noindent" >As explained above, the name of the main filename database must be <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R</span>. You can put one at the root of
+each <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> hierarchy in your installation that you wish to be searched (<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$TEXMF </span>by default). Kpathsea looks for
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R </span>files along the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFDBS </span>path.
+<!--l. 2110--><p class="indent" > The recommended way to create and maintain &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R</span>&#8217; is to run the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">mktexlsr </span>script included with the
+distribution. It is invoked by the various &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">mktex</span>&#8217;&#x2026;&#x00A0;scripts. In principle, this script just runs the command
+<div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2114--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">cd</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">/your/texmf/root</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;&amp;&amp;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span class="path"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;-1LAR</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;./</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;&#x003E;ls-R</span>
+</div>
+</div> presuming your system&#8217;s <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls </span>produces the right output format (GNU <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls </span>is all right). To ensure
+that the database is always up-to-date, it is easiest to rebuild it regularly via <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">cron</span>, so that it is
+automatically updated when the installed files change, such as after installing or updating a <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span>
+package.
+<!--l. 2123--><p class="indent" > If a file is not found in the database, by default Kpathsea goes ahead and searches the disk. If a particular
+path element begins with &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">!!</span>&#8217;, however, <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">only </span>the database will be searched for that element, never the
+disk.
+<!--l. 2129--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.2.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-660007.2.2"></a>kpsewhich: Standalone path searching</h5>
+<!--l. 2132--><p class="noindent" >The <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">kpsewhich </span>program exercises path searching independent of any particular application. This can be useful
+as a sort of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">find </span>program to locate files in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> hierarchies (this is used heavily in the distributed
+&#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">mktex</span>&#8217;&#x2026;&#x00A0;scripts).
+ <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2137--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">option</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x2026;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">filename</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x2026;</span>
+</div>
+</div> The options specified in <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">option </span>start with either &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-</span>&#8217; or &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--</span>&#8217;, and any unambiguous abbreviation is
+accepted.
+<!--l. 2143--><p class="indent" > Kpathsea looks up each non-option argument on the command line as a filename, and returns the first file
+found. There is no option to return all the files with a particular name (you can run the Unix &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">find</span>&#8217; utility for
+that).
+<!--l. 2148--><p class="indent" > The most common options are described next.
+<!--l. 2150--><p class="noindent" >
+ <dl class="list1"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--dpi=</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">num</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2151--><p class="noindent" > Set the resolution to <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">num</span>; this only affects &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">gf</span>&#8217; and &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">pk</span>&#8217; lookups. &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-D</span>&#8217; is a synonym, for
+ compatibility with <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips</span>. Default is 600.
+
+
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--format=</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">name</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2156--><p class="noindent" ><br
+class="newline" />Set the format for lookup to <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">name</span>. By default, the format is guessed from the filename. For
+ formats which do not have an associated unambiguous suffix, such as MetaPost support files and
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>configuration files, you have to specify the name as known to Kpathsea, such as <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex </span>or <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">enc</span>
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">files</span>. Run <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">kpsewhich --help </span>for a list.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--mode=</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">string</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2164--><p class="noindent" ><br
+class="newline" />Set the mode name to <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">string</span>; this only affects &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">gf</span>&#8217; and &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">pk</span>&#8217; lookups. No default: any mode will
+ be found.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--must-exist</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2167--><p class="noindent" ><br
+class="newline" />Do everything possible to find the files, notably including searching the disk. By default, only the
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R </span>database is checked, in the interest of efficiency.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--path=</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">string</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2171--><p class="noindent" ><br
+class="newline" />Search along the path <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">string </span>(colon-separated as usual), instead of guessing the search path from
+ the filename. &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">//</span>&#8217; and all the usual expansions are supported. The options &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--path</span>&#8217; and &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--format</span>&#8217;
+ are mutually exclusive.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--progname=</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">name</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2176--><p class="noindent" ><br
+class="newline" />Set the program name to <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">name</span>. This can affect the search paths via the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">progname </span>feature. The
+ default is <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">kpsewhich</span>.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--show-path=</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">name</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2181--><p class="noindent" ><br
+class="newline" />shows the path used for file lookups of file type <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">name</span>. Either a filename extension (<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.pk</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.vf</span>, etc.)
+ or a name can be used, just as with &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--format</span>&#8217; option.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">--debug=</span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">num</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2185--><p class="noindent" ><br
+class="newline" />sets the debugging options to <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">num</span>.</dd></dl>
+<!--l. 2190--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.2.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-670007.2.3"></a>Examples of use</h5>
+<!--l. 2193--><p class="noindent" >Let us now have a look at Kpathsea in action. Here&#8217;s a straightforward search:
+ <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2195--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;article.cls</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls</span>
+</div>
+</div> We are looking for the file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">article.cls</span>. Since the &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.cls</span>&#8217; suffix is unambiguous we do not need to specify that
+we want to look for a file of type <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex </span>(<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> source file directories). We find it in the subdirectory
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex/latex/base </span>below the &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-dist</span>&#8217; <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;directory. Similarly, all of the following are found without
+problems thanks to their unambiguous suffix. <div class="alltt">
+
+
+<!--l. 2205--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;array.sty</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/array.sty</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;latin1.def</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/latin1.def</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;size10.clo</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;small2e.tex</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/small2e.tex</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;tugboat.bib</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf-dist/bibtex/bib/beebe/tugboat.bib</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 2218--><p class="indent" > By the way, that last is a BibTeX bibliography database for <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">TUGboat </span>articles.
+ <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2221--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;cmr10.pk</span>
+</div>
+</div> Font bitmap glyph files of type <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.pk </span>are used by display programs like <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xdvi</span>. Nothing is returned in
+this case since there are no pre-generated Computer Modern &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.pk</span>&#8217; files in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live &#8212; the Type&#x00A0;1 variants are
+used by default. <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2228--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;wsuipa10.pk</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk</span>
+</div>
+</div> For these fonts (a phonetic alphabet from the University of Washington) we had to generate &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.pk</span>&#8217; files, and
+since the default Metafont mode on our installation is <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ljfour </span>with a base resolution of 600dpi (dots per inch),
+this instantiation is returned. <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2238--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-dpi=300</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;wsuipa10.pk</span>
+</div>
+</div> In this case, when specifying that we are interested in a resolution of 300dpi (<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-dpi=300</span>) we see that no such
+font is available on the system. A program like <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>or <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xdvi </span>would go off and actually build the required <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.pk</span>
+files using the script <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mktexpk</span>.
+<!--l. 2247--><p class="indent" > Next we turn our attention to <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips</span>&#8217;s header and configuration files. We first look at one of the commonly
+used files, the general prologue <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex.pro </span>for <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> support, before turning our attention to the generic
+configuration file (<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">config.ps</span>) and the PostScript font map <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">psfonts.map </span>&#8212; as of 2004, map and encoding files
+have their own search paths and new location in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf </span>trees. As the &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.ps</span>&#8217; suffix is ambiguous we
+have to specify explicitly which type we are considering (<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">dvips config</span>) for the file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">config.ps</span>.
+<div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2256--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;tex.pro</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/tex.pro</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;--format="dvips</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;config"</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;config.ps</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/dvips/config/config.ps</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;psfonts.map</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map</span>
+
+
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 2265--><p class="indent" > We now take a closer look at the URW Times PostScript support files. The prefix for these in the standard
+font naming scheme is &#8216;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">utm</span>&#8217;. The first file we look at is the configuration file, which contains the name of the
+map file: <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2269--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;--format="dvips</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;config"</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;config.utm</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf-dist/dvips/psnfss/config.utm</span>
+</div>
+</div> The contents of that file is <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2274--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;p</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;+utm.map</span>
+</div>
+</div> which points to the file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">utm.map</span>, which we want to locate next. <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2279--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;utm.map</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/times/utm.map</span>
+</div>
+</div> This map file defines the file names of the Type&#x00A0;1 PostScript fonts in the URW collection. Its contents look
+like (we only show part of the lines): <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2286--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">utmb8r</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;NimbusRomNo9L-Medi</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;...</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;&#x003C;utmb8a.pfb</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">utmbi8r</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;NimbusRomNo9L-MediItal...</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;&#x003C;utmbi8a.pfb</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">utmr8r</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;NimbusRomNo9L-Regu</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;...</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;&#x003C;utmr8a.pfb</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">utmri8r</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;NimbusRomNo9L-ReguItal...</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;&#x003C;utmri8a.pfb</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">utmbo8r</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;NimbusRomNo9L-Medi</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;...</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;&#x003C;utmb8a.pfb</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">utmro8r</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;NimbusRomNo9L-Regu</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;...</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;&#x003C;utmr8a.pfb</span>
+</div>
+</div> Let us, for instance, take the Times Roman instance <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">utmr8a.pfb </span>and find its position in the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf </span>directory
+tree with a search for Type&#x00A0;1 font files: <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2297--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;utmr8a.pfb</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/urw/times/utmr8a.pfb</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 2304--><p class="indent" > It should be evident from these examples how you can easily locate the whereabouts of a given file. This is
+especially important if you suspect that the wrong version of a file is picked up somehow, since <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">kpsewhich </span>will
+show you the first file encountered.
+<!--l. 2309--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.2.4 </span> <a
+ id="x1-680007.2.4"></a>Debugging actions</h5>
+<!--l. 2312--><p class="noindent" >Sometimes it is necessary to investigate how a program resolves file references. To make this practical,
+Kpathsea offers various levels of debugging output:
+<!--l. 2316--><p class="noindent" >
+ <dl class="list1"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;1</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2317--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">stat </span>calls (disk lookups). When running with an up-to-date <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R </span>database this should almost
+ give no output.
+
+
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;2</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2320--><p class="noindent" >References to hash tables (such as <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R </span>databases, map files, configuration files).
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;4</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2322--><p class="noindent" >File open and close operations.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;8</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2323--><p class="noindent" >General path information for file types searched by Kpathsea. This is useful to find out where a
+ particular path for the file was defined.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">16</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2326--><p class="noindent" >Directory list for each path element (only relevant for searches on disk).
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">32</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2328--><p class="noindent" >File searches.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">64</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2329--><p class="noindent" >Variable values.</dd></dl>
+<!--l. 2331--><p class="noindent" >A value of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-1 </span>will set all the above options; in practice, this is usually the most convenient.
+<!--l. 2334--><p class="indent" > Similarly, with the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>program, by setting a combination of debug switches, one can follow in detail
+where files are being picked up from. Alternatively, when a file is not found, the debug trace shows in
+which directories the program looks for the given file, so that one can get an indication what the
+problem&#x00A0;is.
+<!--l. 2340--><p class="indent" > Generally speaking, as most programs call the Kpathsea library internally, one can select a debug option by
+using the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">KPATHSEA_DEBUG </span>environment variable, and setting it to (a combination of) values as described in the
+above list.
+<!--l. 2345--><p class="indent" > (Note for Windows users: it is not easy to redirect all messages to a file in this system. For diagnostic
+purposes you can temporarily <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=err.log</span>).
+<!--l. 2349--><p class="indent" > Let us consider, as an example, a small <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span> source file, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">hello-world.tex</span>, which contains the following
+input.
+
+
+ <div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-5">
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb18"><a
+ id="x1-68002r1"></a>&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;\documentclass{article}<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-68004r2"></a>&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;\begin{document}<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-68006r3"></a>&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;Hello&#x00A0;World!<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-68008r4"></a>&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;\end{document}</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 2356--><p class="nopar" >This little file only uses the font <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">cmr10</span>, so let us look at how <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>prepares the PostScript file
+(we want to use the Type&#x00A0;1 version of the Computer Modern fonts, hence the option <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-Pcms</span>).
+<div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2360--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">dvips</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-d4100</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;hello-world</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-Pcms</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;-o</span>
+</div>
+</div> In this case we have combined <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips</span>&#8217;s debug class 4 (font paths) with Kpathsea&#8217;s path element expansion (see
+<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>Reference Manual, <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.pdf" >texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.pdf</a>). The output (slightly rearranged) appears in
+Figure&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-68031r12">12<!--tex4ht:ref: fig:dvipsdbga --></a>.
+<!--l. 2368--><p class="indent" > <a
+ id="x1-68031r12"></a><a
+ id="x1-68036r13"></a><a
+ id="x1-68049r14"></a><hr class="float"><div class="float"
+>
+
+
+<div class="BVerbatimInput"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">debug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=texmf.cnf,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must_exist=1,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find_all=1,</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=.:/usr/local/bin/texlive:/usr/local/bin:</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/bin/texmf/web2c:/usr/local:</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/web2c:/.:/./teTeX/TeX/texmf/web2c:).</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=ls-R,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must_exist=1,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find_all=1,</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=~/tex:/usr/local/texmf).</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:search(ls-R)</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=&#x003E;/usr/local/texmf/ls-R</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=aliases,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must_exist=1,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find_all=1,</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=~/tex:/usr/local/texmf).</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:search(aliases)</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/aliases</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=config.ps,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must_exist=0,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find_all=0,</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=.:~/tex:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//).</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:search(config.ps)</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/dvips/config/config.ps</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=/root/.dvipsrc,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must_exist=0,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find_all=0,</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=.:~/tex:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//).</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">search(file=/home/goossens/.dvipsrc,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must_exist=1,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find_all=0,</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//).</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:search($HOME/.dvipsrc)</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=&#x003E;</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=config.cms,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must_exist=0,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find_all=0,</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//).</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:search(config.cms)</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">=&#x003E;/usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms</span></div>
+ <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;12: </span><span
+class="content">Finding configuration files</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-68031r12 -->
+<div class="BVerbatimInput"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=texc.pro,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must\_exist=0,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find\_all=0,</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//:</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//).</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:search(texc.pro)</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro</span></div>
+ <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;13: </span><span
+class="content">Finding the prolog file</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-68036r13 -->
+<div class="BVerbatimInput"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=cmr10.tfm,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must\_exist=1,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find\_all=0,</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//:</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/var/tex/fonts/tfm//).</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm)</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=texps.pro,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must\_exist=0,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find\_all=0,</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;...</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x003C;texps.pro&#x003E;</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=cmr10.pfb,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must\_exist=0,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find\_all=0,</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//:</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//).</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb)</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb</span><br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x003C;cmr10.pfb&#x003E;[1]</span></div>
+ <div class="caption"
+><span class="id">Figure&#x00A0;14: </span><span
+class="content">Finding the font file</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-68049r14 -->
+
+
+ </div><hr class="endfloat" />
+<!--l. 2384--><p class="indent" > <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>starts by locating its working files. First, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf </span>is found, which gives the definitions of the
+search paths for the other files, then the file database <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R </span>(to optimize file searching) and the file
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">aliases</span>, which makes it possible to declare several names (e.g., a short DOS-like 8.3 and a more
+natural longer version) for the same file. Then <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>goes on to find the generic configuration file
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">config.ps </span>before looking for the customization file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.dvipsrc </span>(which, in this case is <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">not found</span>).
+Finally, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>locates the config file for the Computer Modern PostScript fonts <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">config.cms </span>(this was
+initiated with the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-Pcms </span>option on the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>command). This file contains the list of the map
+files which define the relation between the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, PostScript and file system names of the fonts.
+<div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2398--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">more</span><span
+class="ec-lmtk-10">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;p</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;+ams.map</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;p</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;+cms.map</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;p</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;+cmbkm.map</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;p</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;+amsbkm.map</span>
+</div>
+</div> <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>thus goes on to find all these files, plus the generic map file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">psfonts.map</span>, which is always loaded (it
+contains declarations for commonly used PostScript fonts; see the last part of Section <a
+href="#x1-670007.2.3">7.2.3<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:examples-of-use --></a> for more details
+about PostScript map file handling).
+<!--l. 2411--><p class="indent" > At this point <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>identifies itself to the user: <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2412--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">This</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;is</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;dvips(k)</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;5.92b</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;Copyright</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;2002</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;Radical</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;Eye</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;Software</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;(www.radicaleye.com)</span>
+</div>
+</div> Then it goes on to look for the prolog file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texc.pro</span>: <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2417--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=texc.pro,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must_exist=0,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find_all=0,</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//:</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//).</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:search(texc.pro)</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!--l. 2428--><p class="indent" > After having found the file in question, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips </span>outputs the date and time, and informs us that it will generate
+the file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">hello-world.ps</span>, then that it needs the font file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">cmr10</span>, and that the latter is declared as &#8220;resident&#8221; (no
+bitmaps needed): <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2433--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">TeX</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;output</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;1998.02.26:1204&#8217;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;-&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;hello-world.ps</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">Defining</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;font</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;()</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;cmr10</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;at</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;10.0pt</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">Font</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;cmr10</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;&#x003C;CMR10&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;is</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;resident.</span>
+</div>
+</div> Now the search is on for the file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">cmr10.tfm</span>, which is found, then a few more prolog files (not shown) are
+referenced, and finally the Type&#x00A0;1 instance <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">cmr10.pfb </span>of the font is located and included in the output file
+(see last line). <div class="alltt">
+<!--l. 2442--><p class="noindent" ><div class="obeylines-v">
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=cmr10.tfm,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must_exist=1,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find_all=0,</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//:</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/var/tex/fonts/tfm//).</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm)</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=texps.pro,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must_exist=0,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find_all=0,</span>
+
+
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;...</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x003C;texps.pro&#x003E;</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:start</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;search(file=cmr10.pfb,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;must_exist=0,</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;find_all=0,</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//:</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//).</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb)</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;=&#x003E;</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x00A0;/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb</span>
+<br /><span
+class="ec-lmtt-9">&#x003C;cmr10.pfb&#x003E;[1]</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-690007.3"></a>Runtime options</h4>
+<!--l. 2459--><p class="noindent" >Another useful feature of Web2C is its possibility to control a number of memory parameters (in particular,
+array sizes) via the runtime file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf </span>read by Kpathsea. The memory settings can be found in Part&#x00A0;3 of
+that file in the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live distribution. The more important are:
+<!--l. 2465--><p class="noindent" >
+ <dl class="list1"><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">main_memory</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2466--><p class="noindent" >Total words of memory available, for <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, Metafont and MetaPost. You must make a new format
+ file for each different setting. For instance, you could generate a &#8220;huge&#8221; version of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, and call
+ the format file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">hugetex.fmt</span>. Using the standard way of specifying the program name used by
+ Kpathsea, the particular value of the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">main_memory </span>variable will then be read from <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf</span>.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">extra_mem_bot</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2474--><p class="noindent" >Extra space for &#8220;large&#8221; <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> data structures: boxes, glue, breakpoints, etc. Especially useful if
+ you use PI C<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">font_mem_size</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2478--><p class="noindent" >Number of words for font information available for <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>. This is more or less the total size of all
+ TFM files read.
+ </dd><dt class="list">
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">hash_extra</span> </dt><dd
+class="list">
+ <!--l. 2481--><p class="noindent" >Additional space for the hash table of control sequence names. Only <span
+class="lmsy-10">&#x2248;</span>10,000 control sequences
+ can be stored in the main hash table; if you have a large book with numerous cross-references,
+ this might not be enough. The default value of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">hash_extra </span>is <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">50000</span>.</dd></dl>
+<!--l. 2489--><p class="noindent" >Of course, this facility is no substitute for truly dynamic arrays and memory allocation, but since these are
+extremely difficult to implement in the present <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> source, these runtime parameters provide a practical
+compromise allowing some flexibility.
+<!--l. 2597--><p class="indent" > <a id="ack"></a>
+ <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">8 </span> <a
+ id="x1-700008"></a>Acknowledgements</h3>
+<!--l. 2600--><p class="noindent" ><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live is a joint effort by virtually all of the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> user groups. This edition of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live was overseen by
+Karl Berry. The other principal contributors, past and present, are listed below.
+ <ul class="itemize1">
+ <li class="itemize">The English, German, Dutch, and Polish <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> user groups (TUG, DANTE e.V., NTG, and GUST,
+ respectively), which provide the necessary technical and administrative infrastructure. Please join
+ the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;user group near you! (See <a
+href="http://tug.org/usergroups.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/usergroups.html</span></a>.)
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">The CTAN team, notably Robin Fairbairns, Jim Hefferon, and Rainer Schöpf, which distributes
+ the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live images and provides the common infrastructure for package updates, upon which
+ <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live depends.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Nelson Beebe, for making many platforms available to <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;developers, and his own
+ comprehensive testing.
+
+
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">John Bowman, for making many changes to his advanced graphics program Asymptote to make
+ it work in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Peter Breitenlohner and the e-<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;team for the stable foundation of future <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#8217;s, and Peter
+ specifically for stellar help with GNU&#x00A0;autotools usage throughout <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Jin-Hwan Cho and all of the DVIPDFM<span
+class="lmmi-10">x </span>team, for their excellent driver and responsiveness to
+ configuration issues.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Thomas Esser, without whose marvelous te<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> package <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live would have never existed.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Michel Goossens, who co-authored the original documentation.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Eitan Gurari, whose <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>4ht is used to create the HTML version of this documentation, and who
+ worked tirelessly to improve it at short notice, every year. Eitan prematurely passed away in June
+ 2009, and we dedicate this documentation to his memory.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Hans Hagen, for much testing and making his Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t&#x00A0;format (<a
+href="http://pragma-ade.com" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://pragma-ade.com</span></a>) work
+ within <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#8217;s framework.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Hàn&#x00A0;Th&#x1EBF;&#x00A0;Thành, Martin Schröder, and the pdf<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;team (<a
+href="http://pdftex.org" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://pdftex.org</span></a>) for continuing
+ enhancements of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#8217;s abilities.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Hartmut Henkel, for significant development contributions to pdf<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Lua<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, and more.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Taco Hoekwater,
+ for major renewed development efforts on MetaPost and (Lua)<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;(<a
+href="http://luatex.org" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://luatex.org</span></a>) itself,
+ incorporating Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t&#x00A0;into <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, giving Kpathsea multi-threaded functionality, and much
+ more.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Pawe&#322; Jackowski, for the Windows installer <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlpm</span>, and Tomasz &#321;uczak, for <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlpmgui</span>, used in past
+ releases.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Akira Kakuto, for providing the Windows binaries from his W32TEX distribution for Japanese
+ <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;(<a
+href="http://w32tex.org" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://w32tex.org</span></a>), and many other development contributions.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Jonathan Kew, for developing the remarkable Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> engine and taking the time and trouble to
+ integrate it in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, as well as the initial version of the Mac<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;installer, and also for our
+ recommended front-end <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>works.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Dick Koch, for maintaining Mac<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;(<a
+href="http://tug.org/mactex" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/mactex</span></a>) in very close tandem with <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+ Live, and for his great good cheer in doing so.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Reinhard Kotucha, for major contributions to the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live 2008 infrastructure and installer, as
+ well as Windows research efforts, the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">getnonfreefonts </span>script, and more.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Siep Kroonenberg, also for major contributions to the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live 2008 infrastructure and installer,
+ especially on Windows, and for the bulk of work updating this manual describing those features.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Heiko Oberdiek, for the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">epstopdf </span>package and many others, compressing the huge <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pst-geo </span>data
+ files so we could include them, and most of all, for his remarkable work on <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">hyperref</span>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Petr Ol&#353;ak, who coordinated and checked all the Czech and Slovak material very carefully.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Toshio Oshima, for his <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dviout </span>previewer for Windows.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard, for helping with package updates, documentation improvements, and
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">texdoc </span>development.
+ </li>
+
+
+ <li class="itemize">Fabrice Popineau, for the original Windows support in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live and work on the French
+ documentation.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Norbert Preining, the principal architect of the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live 2008 infrastructure and installer, and
+ also for coordinating the Debian version of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live (together with Frank Küster), making many
+ suggestions along the way.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Sebastian Rahtz, for originally creating <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live and maintaining it for many years.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Phil Taylor, for setting up the BitTorrent downloads.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Tomasz Trzeciak, for wide-ranging help with Windows.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Vladimir Volovich, for substantial help with porting and other maintenance issues, and especially
+ for making it feasible to include <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xindy</span>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Staszek Wawrykiewicz, the principal tester for all of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, and coordinator of the many
+ major Polish contributions: fonts, Windows installation, and more.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Olaf Weber, for his patient maintenance of Web2C.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Gerben Wierda, for creating and maintaining the original Mac OS X&#x00A0;support, and much
+ integration and testing.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Graham Williams, on whose work the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Catalogue of packages depends.
+ </li></ul>
+<!--l. 2723--><p class="indent" > Builders of the binaries: Ettore Aldrovandi (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">i386-solaris</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">x86_64-solaris</span>), Alan Braslau (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">amd64-kfreebsd</span>,
+<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">i386-kfreebsd</span>), Peter Breitenlohner (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">x86_64-linux</span>), Karl Berry (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">i386-linux</span>), Ken Brown (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">i386-cygwin</span>), Akira
+Kakuto (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">win32</span>), Dick Koch (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">universal-darwin</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">x86_64-darwin</span>), Nikola Le&#x010D;i&#263; (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">amd64-freebsd</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">i386-freebsd</span>),
+Mojca Miklavec (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mipsel-linux</span>), Norbert Preining (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">alpha-linux</span>), Thomas Schmitz (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">powerpc-linux</span>), Boris
+Veytsman (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">armel-linux</span>), Vladimir Volovich (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">powerpc-aix</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">sparc-solaris</span>), Olaf Weber (<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mips-irix</span>). For information
+on the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live build process, see <a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/build.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/build.html</span></a>.
+<!--l. 2741--><p class="indent" > Translators of this manual: Boris Veytsman (Russian), Jjgod Jiang, Jinsong Zhao, Yue Wang, &amp; Helin Gai
+(Chinese), Uwe Ziegenhagen (German), Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard (French), Marco Pallante (Italian), Nikola
+Le&#x010D;i&#263; (Serbian), Petr Sojka &amp; Jan Busa (Czech/Slovak), Staszek Wawrykiewicz (Polish). The <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live
+documentation web page is <a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/doc.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/doc.html</span></a>.
+<!--l. 2752--><p class="indent" > Of course the most important acknowledgement must go to Donald Knuth, first for inventing <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, and
+then for giving it to the world.
+<!--l. 2757--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9 </span> <a
+ id="x1-710009"></a>Release history</h3>
+<!--l. 2760--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-720009.1"></a>Past</h4>
+<!--l. 2762--><p class="noindent" >Discussion began in late 1993 when the Dutch <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Users Group was starting work on its 4All<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> CD for
+MS-DOS users, and it was hoped at that time to issue a single, rational, CD for all systems. This was too
+ambitious a target for the time, but it did spawn not only the very successful 4All<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> CD, but also the TUG
+Technical Council working group on a <span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmri-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmri-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmri-10">X</span></span> <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">Directory Structure </span>(<a
+href="http://tug.org/tds" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/tds</span></a>), which specified how
+to create consistent and manageable collections of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> support files. A complete draft of the TDS was
+published in the December 1995 issue of <span
+class="ec-lmro-10">TUGboat</span>, and it was clear from an early stage that one desirable
+product would be a model structure on CD. The distribution you now have is a very direct result of the
+working group&#8217;s deliberations. It was also clear that the success of the 4All<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> CD showed that
+Unix users would benefit from a similarly easy system, and this is the other main strand of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+Live.
+<!--l. 2778--><p class="indent" > We first undertook to make a new Unix-based TDS CD in the autumn of 1995, and quickly identified
+Thomas Esser&#8217;s te<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> as the ideal setup, as it already had multi-platform support and was built with
+
+
+portability across file systems in mind. Thomas agreed to help, and work began seriously at the start of 1996.
+The first edition was released in May 1996. At the start of 1997, Karl Berry completed a major new
+release of Web2c, which included nearly all the features which Thomas Esser had added in te<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>,
+and we decided to base the 2nd edition of the CD on the standard Web2C, with the addition of
+te<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#8217;s <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texconfig </span>script. The 3rd edition of the CD was based on a major revision of Web2C,
+7.2, by Olaf Weber; at the same time, a new revision of te<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> was being made, and <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live
+included almost all of its features. The 4th edition followed the same pattern, using a new version
+of te<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, and a new release of Web2C (7.3). The system now included a complete Windows
+setup.
+<!--l. 2794--><p class="indent" > For the 5th edition (March 2000) many parts of the CD were revised and checked, updating hundreds of
+packages. Package details were stored in XML files. But the major change for <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Live 5 was that all
+non-free software was removed. Everything in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live is now intended to be compatible with the
+Debian Free Software Guidelines (<a
+href="http://www.debian.org/intro/free" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.debian.org/intro/free</span></a>); we have done our best to
+check the license conditions of all packages, but we would very much appreciate hearing of any
+mistakes.
+<!--l. 2803--><p class="indent" > The 6th edition (July 2001) had much more material updated. The major change was a new install concept:
+the user could select a more exact set of needed collections. Language-related collections were completely
+reorganized, so selecting any of them installs not only macros, fonts, etc., but also prepares an appropriate
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">language.dat</span>.
+<!--l. 2809--><p class="indent" > The 7th edition of 2002 had the notable addition of Mac OS X support, and the usual myriad of updates to
+all sorts of packages and programs. An important goal was integration of the source back with te<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, to
+correct the drift apart in versions&#x00A0;5 and&#x00A0;6.
+<!--l. 2814--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.1.1 </span> <a
+ id="x1-730009.1.1"></a>2003</h5>
+<!--l. 2816--><p class="noindent" >In 2003, with the continuing flood of updates and additions, we found that <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live had grown so large it
+could no longer be contained on a single CD, so we split it into three different distributions (see section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-90002.1">2.1<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:tl-coll-dists --></a>,
+p. <a
+href="#x1-90002.1">7<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:tl-coll-dists --></a>). In addition:
+ <ul class="itemize1">
+ <li class="itemize">At the request of the <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span> team, we changed the standard <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">latex </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdflatex </span>commands to
+ now use e-<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> (see p. <a
+href="#x1-120002.4">10<!--tex4ht:ref: text:etex --></a>).
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">The new Latin Modern fonts were included (and are recommended).
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Support for Alpha OSF was removed (HPUX support was removed previously), since no one had
+ (or volunteered) hardware available on which to compile new binaries.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Windows setup was substantially changed; for the first time an integrated environment based on
+ XEmacs was introduced.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Important supplementary programs for Windows (Perl, Ghostscript, ImageMagick, Ispell) are now
+ installed in the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live installation directory.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Font map files used by <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvips</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvipdfm </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdftex </span>are now generated by the new program <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">updmap</span>
+ and installed into <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf/fonts/map</span>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, Metafont, and MetaPost now, by default, output most input characters (32 and above) as
+ themselves in output (e.g., <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\write</span></span></span>) files, log files, and the terminal, i.e., <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">not </span>translated using the
+ <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">^^</span></span></span> notation. In <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live&#x00A0;7, this translation was dependent on the system locale settings; now,
+ locale settings do not influence the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> programs&#8217; behavior. If for some reason you need the
+ <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">^^</span></span></span> output, rename the file <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf/web2c/cp8bit.tcx</span></span></span>. (Future releases will have cleaner ways to
+ control this.)
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">This documentation was substantially revised.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Finally, since the edition numbers had grown unwieldy, the version is now simply identified by the
+ year: <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live 2003.</li></ul>
+
+
+<!--l. 2854--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.1.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-740009.1.2"></a>2004</h5>
+<!--l. 2856--><p class="noindent" >2004 saw many changes:
+ <ul class="itemize1">
+ <li class="itemize">If you have locally-installed fonts which use their own <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.map </span>or (much less likely) <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.enc </span>support
+ files, you may need to move those support files.
+ <!--l. 2864--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.map </span>files are now searched for in subdirectories of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">fonts/map </span>only (in each <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf </span>tree), along
+ the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXFONTMAPS </span>path. Similarly, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.enc </span>files are now searched for in subdirectories of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">fonts/enc</span>
+ only, along the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ENCFONTS </span>path. <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">updmap </span>will attempt to warn about problematic files.
+ <!--l. 2871--><p class="noindent" >For methods of handling this and other information, please see
+ <a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/mapenc.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/mapenc.html</span></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">The <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection&#x00A0;has been expanded with the addition of a MiK<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>-based installable CD,
+ for those who prefer that implementation to Web2C. See section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-80002">2<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:overview-tl --></a> (p. <a
+href="#x1-80002">7<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:overview-tl --></a>).
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Within <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, the single large <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf </span>tree of previous releases has been replaced by three:
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-dist</span>, and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-doc</span>. See section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-100002.2">2.2<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:tld --></a> (p. <a
+href="#x1-100002.2">7<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:tld --></a>), and the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">README </span>files for each.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">All <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>-related input files are now collected in the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex </span>subdirectory of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf* </span>trees,
+ rather than having separate sibling directories <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">etex</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">pdftex</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">pdfetex</span>, etc. See
+ <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/generic/tds/tds.html#Extensions" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-dist/doc/generic/tds/tds.html#Extensions</span></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Helper scripts (not meant to be invoked by users) are now located in a new <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">scripts</span>
+ subdirectory of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf* </span>trees, and can be searched for via <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">kpsewhich</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;-format=texmfscripts</span></span></span>.
+ So if you have programs which call such scripts, they&#8217;ll need to be adjusted. See
+ <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/generic/tds/tds.html#Scripts" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf-dist/doc/generic/tds/tds.html#Scripts</span></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Almost all formats leave most characters printable as themselves via the &#8220;translation file&#8221;
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">cp227.tcx</span>, instead of translating them with the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">^^</span></span></span> notation. Specifically, characters at
+ positions 32&#8211;256, plus tab, vertical tab, and form feed are considered printable and not
+ translated. The exceptions are plain <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;(only 32&#8211;126 printable), Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t&#x00A0;(0&#8211;255 printable),
+ and the Omega-related formats. This default behavior is almost the same as in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live
+ 2003, but it&#8217;s implemented more cleanly, with more possibilities for customization. See
+ <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html#TCX-files" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html#TCX-files</span></a>. (By the way, with Unicode input, <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;may output
+ partial character sequences when showing error contexts, since it is byte-oriented.)
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdfetex </span>is now the default engine for all formats except (plain) <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tex </span>itself. (Of course it generates
+ DVI when run as <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">latex</span>, etc.) This means, among other things, that the microtypographic
+ features of <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdftex </span>are available in <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span>, Con<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>t, etc., as well as the e-<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;features
+ (<a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/" >texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/</a>).
+ <!--l. 2918--><p class="noindent" >It also means it&#8217;s <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">more important than ever </span>to use the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">ifpdf </span>package (works with both plain and
+ <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span>) or equivalent code, because simply testing whether <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\pdfoutput </span>or some other primitive
+ is defined is not a reliable way to determine if PDF output is being generated. We made this
+ backward compatible as best we could this year, but next year, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\pdfoutput </span>may be defined even
+ when DVI is being written.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">pdf<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;(<a
+href="http://pdftex.org" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://pdftex.org</span></a>) has many new features:
+ <ul class="itemize2">
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\pdfmapfile </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\pdfmapline </span>provide font map support from within a document.
+
+
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Microtypographic font expansion can be used more easily.<br
+class="newline" /><a
+href="http://www.ntg.nl/pipermail/ntg-pdftex/2004-May/000504.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.ntg.nl/pipermail/ntg-pdftex/2004-May/000504.html</span></a>
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">All parameters previously set through the special configuration file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">pdftex.cfg </span>must now be
+ set through primitives, typically in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">pdftexconfig.tex</span>; <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">pdftex.cfg </span>is no longer supported.
+ Any extant <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.fmt </span>files must be redumped when <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">pdftexconfig.tex </span>is changed.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">See the pdf<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;manual for more: <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/pdftex/manual/pdftex-a.pdf" >texmf-dist/doc/pdftex/manual/pdftex-a.pdf</a>.
+ </li></ul>
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">The <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\input </span>primitive in <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tex </span>(and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mf </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mpost</span>) now accepts double quotes containing spaces and other
+ special characters. Typical examples:
+
+
+ <div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-6">
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb19"><a
+ id="x1-74002r1"></a>&#x00A0;&#x00A0;\input&#x00A0;"filename&#x00A0;with&#x00A0;spaces"&#x00A0;&#x00A0;&#x00A0;%&#x00A0;plain<br class="fancyvrb" /><a
+ id="x1-74004r2"></a>&#x00A0;&#x00A0;\input{"filename&#x00A0;with&#x00A0;spaces"}&#x00A0;&#x00A0;%&#x00A0;latex</div>
+</div>
+ <!--l. 2952--><p class="nopar" >See the Web2C manual for more: <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/web2c" >texmf/doc/web2c</a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">enc<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;support is now included within Web2C and consequently all <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;programs, via the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-enc</span>
+ option &#8212; <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">only when formats are built</span>. enc<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;supports general re-encoding of input and
+ output, enabling full support of Unicode (in UTF-8). See <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/generic/enctex/" >texmf-dist/doc/generic/enctex/</a> and
+ <a
+href="http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html</span></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Aleph, a new engine combining e-<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;and Omega, is available. A little information is available in
+ <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base" >texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base</a> and <a
+href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=aleph" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=aleph</span></a>. The
+ <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span>-based format for Aleph is named <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">lamed</span>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">The latest <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span>&#x00A0;release has a new version of the LPPL &#8212; now officially a Debian-approved license.
+ Assorted other updates, see the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ltnews </span>files in <a
+href="../../../../texmf-dist/doc/latex/base" >texmf-dist/doc/latex/base</a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvipng</span>, a new program for converting DVI to PNG image files, is included. See <a
+href="../../../../texmf/doc/man/man1/dvipng.1" >texmf/doc/man/man1/dvipng.1</a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">We reduced the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">cbgreek </span>package to a &#8220;medium&#8221; sized set of fonts, with the assent and advice of the
+ author (Claudio Beccari). The excised fonts are the invisible, outline, and transparency ones, which are
+ relatively rarely used, and we needed the space. The full set is of course available from CTAN
+ (<a
+href="http://mirror.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/greek/cb" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://mirror.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/greek/cb</span></a>).
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">oxdvi </span>has been removed; just use <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xdvi</span>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">The <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">ini </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">vir </span>commands (links) for <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tex</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mf</span>, and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mpost </span>are no longer created, such as <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">initex</span>.
+ The <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">ini </span>functionality has been available through the command-line option <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">-ini </span>for years
+ now.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize"><span
+class="ec-lmss-10">i386-openbsd </span>platform support was removed. Since the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tetex </span>package in the BSD Ports system is
+ available, and GNU/Linux and FreeBSD binaries were available, it seemed volunteer time could be better
+ spent elsewhere.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">On <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">sparc-solaris </span>(at least), you may have to set the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">LD_LIBRARY_PATH </span>environment variable to run the
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">t1utils </span>programs. This is because they are compiled with C++, and there is no standard location for the
+ runtime libraries. (This is not new in 2004, but wasn&#8217;t previously documented.) Similarly, on <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mips-irix</span>,
+ the MIPSpro 7.4 runtimes are required.
+ </li></ul>
+<!--l. 3003--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.1.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-750009.1.3"></a>2005</h5>
+<!--l. 3005--><p class="noindent" >2005 saw the usual huge number of updates to packages and programs. The infrastructure stayed relatively
+stable from 2004, but inevitably there were some changes there as well:
+ <ul class="itemize1">
+ <li class="itemize">New scripts <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">texconfig-sys</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">updmap-sys</span>, and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">fmtutil-sys </span>were introduced, which modify the
+ configuration in the system trees. The <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">texconfig</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">updmap</span>, and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">fmtutil </span>scripts now modify
+ user-specific files, under <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$HOME/.texlive2005</span>.
+
+
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Corresponding new variables <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFCONFIG </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSCONFIG </span>to specify the trees where
+ configuration files (user or system, respectively) are found. Thus, you may need to move
+ personal versions of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">fmtutil.cnf </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">updmap.cfg </span>to these places; another option is to redefine
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFCONFIG </span>or <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSCONFIG </span>in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf</span>. In any case the real location of these files and
+ the values of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFCONFIG </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSCONFIG </span>must agree. See section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-110002.3">2.3<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:texmftrees --></a>, p. <a
+href="#x1-110002.3">8<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:texmftrees --></a>.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Last year, we kept <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\pdfoutput</span></span></span> and other primitives undefined for DVI&#x00A0;output, even though the
+ <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdfetex </span>program was being used. This year, as promised, we undid that compatibility measure. So
+ if your document uses <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined</span></span></span> to test if PDF is being output, it will need to
+ be changed. You can use the package <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">ifpdf.sty </span>(which works under both plain <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;and <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span>)
+ to do this, or steal its logic.
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">Last year, we changed most formats to output (8-bit) characters as themselves (see previous section).
+ The new TCX file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">empty.tcx </span>now provides an easier way to get the original <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">^^</span></span></span> notation if you so desire,
+ as in:
+
+
+ <div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-7">
+ <div class="fancyvrb" id="fancyvrb20"><a
+ id="x1-75002r1"></a>&#x00A0;&#x00A0;latex&#x00A0;--translate-file=empty.tcx&#x00A0;yourfile.tex</div>
+</div>
+ <!--l. 3042--><p class="nopar" >
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">The new program <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvipdfmx </span>is included for translation of DVI to PDF; this is an actively maintained
+ update of <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvipdfm </span>(which is also still available for now, though no longer recommended).
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">The new programs <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdfopen </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdfclose </span>are included to allow reloading of pdf files in the Adobe Acrobat
+ Reader without restarting the program. (Other pdf readers, notably <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xpdf</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">gv</span>, and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">gsview</span>, have never
+ suffered from this problem.)
+ </li>
+ <li class="itemize">For consistency, the variables <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">HOMETEXMF </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">VARTEXMF </span>have been renamed to <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFHOME </span>and
+ <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSVAR</span>, respectively. There is also <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFVAR</span>, which is by default user-specific. See the first point
+ above.
+ </li></ul>
+<!--l. 3064--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.1.4 </span> <a
+ id="x1-760009.1.4"></a>2006&#8211;2007</h5>
+<!--l. 3066--><p class="noindent" >In 2006&#8211;2007, the major new addition to <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live was the Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> program, available as the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">xetex </span>and
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">xelatex </span>programs; see <a
+href="http://scripts.sil.org/xetex" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://scripts.sil.org/xetex</span></a>.
+<!--l. 3070--><p class="indent" > MetaPost also received a notable update, with more planned for the future (<a
+href="http://tug.org/metapost/articles" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/metapost/articles</span></a>),
+likewise pdf<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> (<a
+href="http://tug.org/applications/pdftex" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/applications/pdftex</span></a>).
+<!--l. 3074--><p class="indent" > The <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.fmt </span>(high-speed format) and the similar files for MetaPost and Metafont&#x00A0;are now stored in
+subdirectories of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf/web2c</span>, instead of in the directory itself (although the directory is still searched, for the
+sake of existing <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.fmt</span>&#8217;s). The subdirectories are named for the &#8216;engine&#8217; in use, such as <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex </span>or <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">pdftex </span>or <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">xetex</span>.
+This change should be invisible in normal use.
+<!--l. 3082--><p class="indent" > The (plain) <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex </span>program no longer reads <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">%&amp; </span>first lines to determine what format to run; it is the pure
+Knuthian <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>. (<span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span>&#x00A0;and everything else do still read <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">%&amp; </span>lines).
+<!--l. 3086--><p class="indent" > Of course the year also saw (the usual) hundreds of other updates to packages and programs. As usual,
+please check CTAN (<a
+href="http://mirror.ctan.org" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://mirror.ctan.org</span></a>) for updates.
+<!--l. 3090--><p class="indent" > Internally, the source tree is now stored in Subversion, with a standard web interface for viewing the tree,
+as linked from our home page. Although not visible in the final distribution, we expect this will provide a
+stable development foundation for future years.
+<!--l. 3095--><p class="indent" > Finally, in May 2006 Thomas Esser announced that he would no longer be updating te<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+(<a
+href="http://tug.org/tetex" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/tetex</span></a>). As a result, there was been a surge of interest in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, especially among
+GNU/Linux distributors. (There is a new <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tetex </span>installation scheme in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, which provides an
+approximate equivalent.) We hope this will eventually translate to improvements in the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;environment for
+everyone.
+<!--l. 3103--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.1.5 </span> <a
+ id="x1-770009.1.5"></a>2008</h5>
+<!--l. 3105--><p class="noindent" >In 2008, the entire <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live infrastructure was redesigned and reimplemented. Complete information about
+an installation is now stored in a plain text file <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlpkg/texlive.tlpdb</span>.
+<!--l. 3109--><p class="indent" > Among other things, this finally makes possible upgrading a <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live installation over the Internet after
+the initial installation, a feature MiK<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;has provided for many years. We expect to regularly update new
+packages as they are released to CTAN.
+<!--l. 3114--><p class="indent" > The major new engine Lua<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;(<a
+href="http://luatex.org" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://luatex.org</span></a>) is included; besides a new level of flexibility
+in typesetting, this provides an excellent scripting language for use both inside and outside of
+<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;documents.
+<!--l. 3119--><p class="indent" > Support among Windows and the Unix-based platforms is now much more uniform. In particular, most
+Perl and Lua scripts are now available on Windows, using the Perl internally distributed with <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>
+Live.
+
+
+<!--l. 3123--><p class="indent" > The new <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>script (section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-450005">5<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:tlmgr --></a>) is the general interface for managing <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live after the initial
+installation. It handles package updates and consequent regeneration of formats, map files, and language files,
+optionally including local additions.
+<!--l. 3128--><p class="indent" > With the advent of <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr</span>, the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">texconfig </span>actions to edit the format and hyphenation configuration files are
+now disabled.
+<!--l. 3131--><p class="indent" > The <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xindy </span>indexing program (<a
+href="http://xindy.sourceforge.net/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://xindy.sourceforge.net/</span></a>) is now included on most
+platforms.
+<!--l. 3134--><p class="indent" > The <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">kpsewhich </span>tool can now report all matches for a given file (option <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#8211;all</span>) and limit matches to a given
+subdirectory (option <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#8211;subdir</span>).
+<!--l. 3138--><p class="indent" > The <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvipdfmx </span>program now includes functionality to extract bounding box information, via the command
+name <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">extractbb</span>; this was one of the last features provided by <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvipdfm </span>not in <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvipdfmx</span>.
+<!--l. 3143--><p class="indent" > The font aliases <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">Times-Roman</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">Helvetica</span>, and so on have been removed. Different packages expected them
+to behave differently (in particular, to have different encodings), and there was no good way to resolve
+this.
+<!--l. 3148--><p class="indent" > The <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">platex </span>format has been removed, to resolve a name conflict with a completely different Japanese <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">platex</span>;
+the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">polski </span>package is now the main Polish support.
+<!--l. 3152--><p class="indent" > Internally, the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">WEB</span>&#x00A0;string pool files are now compiled into the binaries, to ease upgrades.
+<!--l. 3155--><p class="indent" > Finally, the changes made by Donald Knuth in his &#8216;<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;tuneup of 2008&#8217; are included in this release. See
+<a
+href="http://tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb29-2/tb92knut.pdf" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb29-2/tb92knut.pdf</span></a>.
+<!--l. 3159--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.1.6 </span> <a
+ id="x1-780009.1.6"></a>2009</h5>
+<!--l. 3161--><p class="noindent" >In 2009, the default output format for Lua(L<span
+class="ec-lmr-7">A</span> )<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;is now PDF, to take advantage of Lua<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#8217;s OpenType
+support, et al. New executables named <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">dviluatex </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">dvilualatex </span>run Lua<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;with DVI output. The
+Lua<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;home page is <a
+href="http://luatex.org" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://luatex.org</span></a>.
+<!--l. 3166--><p class="indent" > The original Omega engine and Lambda format have been excised, after discussions with the Omega
+authors. The updated Aleph and Lamed remain, as do the Omega utilities.
+<!--l. 3170--><p class="indent" > A new release of the AMS Type&#x00A0;1&#x00A0;fonts is included, including Computer Modern: a few shape
+changes made over the years by Knuth in the Metafont sources have been integrated, and the
+hinting has been updated. The Euler fonts have been thoroughly reshaped by Hermann Zapf (see
+<a
+href="http://tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb29-2/tb92hagen-euler.pdf" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb29-2/tb92hagen-euler.pdf</span></a>). In all cases, the metrics remain
+unchanged. The AMS fonts home page is <a
+href="http://www.ams.org/tex/amsfonts.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://www.ams.org/tex/amsfonts.html</span></a>.
+<!--l. 3178--><p class="indent" > The new GUI front end <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>works is included for Windows, and also in Mac<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>. For other platforms, and
+more information, see the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>works home page, <a
+href="http://tug.org/texworks" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texworks</span></a>. It is a cross-platform front end
+inspired by the Mac OS X&#x00A0;TeXShop editor, aiming at ease-of-use.
+<!--l. 3183--><p class="indent" > The graphics program Asymptote is included for several platforms. This implements a text-based graphics
+description language vaguely akin to MetaPost, but with advanced 3D support and other features. Its home
+page is <a
+href="http://asymptote.sourceforge.net" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://asymptote.sourceforge.net</span></a>.
+<!--l. 3188--><p class="indent" > The separate <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">dvipdfm </span>program has been replaced by <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">dvipdfmx</span>, which operates in a special compatibility
+mode under that name. <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">dvipdfmx </span>includes CJK support and has accumulated many other fixes over the years
+since the last <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">dvipdfm </span>release. The DVIPDFMx home page is <a
+href="http://project.ktug.or.kr/dvipdfmx" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://project.ktug.or.kr/dvipdfmx</span></a>.
+<!--l. 3195--><p class="indent" > Executables for the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">cygwin </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">i386-netbsd </span>platforms are now included, while we were advised that
+OpenBSD users get <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;through their package systems, plus there were difficulties in making binaries that
+have a chance of working on more than one version.
+<!--l. 3200--><p class="indent" > A miscellany of smaller changes: we now use <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">xz </span>compression, the stable replacement for <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">lzma</span>
+(<a
+href="http://tukaani.org/xz/" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tukaani.org/xz/</span></a>); a literal <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">$</span></span></span> is allowed in filenames when it does not introduce a known variable
+name; the Kpathsea library is now multi-threaded (made use of in MetaPost); the entire <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live build is
+now based on Automake.
+<!--l. 3207--><p class="indent" > Final note on the past: all releases of <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live, along with ancillary material such as CD&#x00A0;labels, are
+available at <a
+href="ftp://tug.org/historic/systems/texlive" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">ftp://tug.org/historic/systems/texlive</span></a>.
+<!--l. 3212--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.1.7 </span> <a
+ id="x1-790009.1.7"></a>2010</h5>
+<!--l. 3215--><p class="noindent" >In 2010, the default version for PDF output is now 1.5, enabling more compression. This applies to all the
+<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;engines when used to produce PDF and to <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">dvipdfmx</span>. Loading the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pdf14 </span><span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span>&#x00A0;package changes back
+to PDF&#x00A0;1.4, or set <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\pdfminorversion=4</span></span></span>.
+
+
+<!--l. 3220--><p class="indent" > pdf(L<span
+class="ec-lmr-7">A</span> )<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;now <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">automatically </span>converts a requested Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) file to PDF, via the
+<span
+class="ec-lmss-10">epstopdf </span>package, when and if the <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span>&#x00A0;<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">graphics.cfg </span>configuration file is loaded, and PDF is
+being output. The default options are intended to eliminate any chance of hand-created PDF
+files being overwritten, but you can also prevent <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">epstopdf </span>from being loaded at all by putting
+<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\newcommand{\DoNotLoadEpstopdf}{}</span></span></span> (or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\def...</span></span></span>) before the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\documentclass </span>declaration. It is also not
+loaded if the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">pst-pdf </span>package is used. For more details, see the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">epstopdf </span>package documentation
+(<a
+href="http://ctan.org/pkg/epstopdf-pkg" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://ctan.org/pkg/epstopdf-pkg</span></a>).
+<!--l. 3232--><p class="indent" > A related change is that execution of a very few external commands from <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, via the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\write18 </span>feature, is
+now enabled by default. These are commands are <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">repstopdf</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">makeindex</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">kpsewhich</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">bibtex</span>, and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">bibtex8</span>;
+the list is defined in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf</span>. Environments which must disallow all such external commands can deselect
+this option in the installer (see section&#x00A0;<a
+href="#x1-280003.2.4">3.2.4<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:options --></a>), or override the value after installation by running
+<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;conf</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;texmf</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;shell_escape</span><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">&#x00A0;0</span></span></span>.
+<!--l. 3241--><p class="indent" > Yet another related change is that BibTeX&#x00A0;and Makeindex now refuse to write their output files to an
+arbitrary directory (like <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;itself), by default. This is so they can now be enabled for use by the restricted
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\write18</span>. To change this, the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFOUTPUT </span>environment variable can be set, or the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">openout_any</span></span></span> setting
+changed.
+<!--l. 3247--><p class="indent" > Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;now supports margin kerning along the same lines as pdf<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>. (Font expansion is not presently
+supported.)
+<!--l. 3250--><p class="indent" > By default, <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr </span>now saves one backup of each package updated (<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr option autobackup 1</span>), so
+broken packages updates can be easily reverted with <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr restore</span>. If you do post-install updates, and don&#8217;t
+have the disk space for the backups, run <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr option autobackup 0</span>.
+<!--l. 3256--><p class="indent" > New programs included: the p<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;engine and related utilities for typesetting Japanese; the BibTeXU
+program for Unicode-enabled BibTeX; the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">chktex </span>utility (<a
+href="http://baruch.ev-en.org/proj/chktex" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://baruch.ev-en.org/proj/chktex</span></a>) for
+checking (L<span
+class="ec-lmr-7">A</span> )<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;documents; the <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">dvisvgm </span>(<a
+href="http://dvisvgm.sourceforge.net" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://dvisvgm.sourceforge.net</span></a>) DVI-to-SVG
+translator.
+<!--l. 3263--><p class="indent" > Executables for these new platforms are now included: <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">amd64-freebsd</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">amd64-kfreebsd</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">i386-freebsd</span>,
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">i386-kfreebsd</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">x86_64-darwin</span>, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">x86_64-solaris</span>.
+<!--l. 3267--><p class="indent" > A change in <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live 2009 that we failed to note: numerous <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>4ht-related executables
+(<a
+href="http://tug.org/tex4ht" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/tex4ht</span></a>) were removed from the binary directories. The generic <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">mk4ht </span>program can be used
+to run any of the various <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex4ht </span>combinations.
+<!--l. 3272--><p class="indent" > Finally, the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span> Live release on the <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;Collection&#x00A0;DVD&#x00A0;can no longer be run live (oddly enough). A
+single DVD&#x00A0;no longer has enough room. One beneficial side effect is that installation from the physical
+DVD&#x00A0;is much faster.
+<!--l. 3277--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.1.8 </span> <a
+ id="x1-800009.1.8"></a>2011</h5>
+<!--l. 3279--><p class="noindent" >The Mac OS X&#x00A0;binaries (<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">universal-darwin </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">x86_64-darwin</span>) now work only on Leopard or later; Panther
+and Tiger are no longer supported.
+<!--l. 3283--><p class="indent" > The <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">biber </span>program for bibliography processing is included on common platforms. Its development is
+closely coupled with the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">biblatex </span>package, which completely reimplements the bibliographical facilities
+provided by LaTeX.
+<!--l. 3288--><p class="indent" > The MetaPost (<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">mpost</span>) program no longer creates or uses <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">.mem </span>files. The needed files, such as <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">plain.mp</span>, are
+simply read on every run. This is related to supporting MetaPost as a library, which is another significant
+though not user-visible change.
+<!--l. 3293--><p class="indent" > The <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">updmap </span>implementation in Perl, previously used only on Windows, has been revamped and is now used
+on all platforms. There shouldn&#8217;t be any user-visible changes as a result, except that it runs much
+faster.
+<!--l. 3299--><p class="indent" > <a id="news"></a>
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.2 </span> <a
+ id="x1-810009.2"></a>Present</h4>
+<!--l. 3303--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr </span>supports updates from multiple network repositories. The section on multiple repositories in the <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr</span>
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">help </span>output has more.
+<!--l. 3307--><p class="indent" > The parameter <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\XeTeXdashbreakstate </span>is set to&#x00A0;1 by default, for both <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">xetex </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">xelatex</span>. This allows line
+breaks after em-dashes and en-dashes, which has always been the behavior of plain <span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>, <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span></span>, Lua<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>,
+etc. Existing Xe<span class="TEX">T<span
+class="E">E</span>X</span>&#x00A0;documents which must retain perfect line-break compatibility will need to set
+<span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\XeTeXdashbreakstate </span>to&#x00A0;0 explicitly.
+<!--l. 3314--><p class="indent" > The output files generated by <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">pdftex </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">dvips</span>, among others, can now exceed 2gb.
+
+
+<!--l. 3317--><p class="indent" > The 35 standard PostScript fonts are included in the output of <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">dvips </span>by default, since so many different
+versions of them are extant.
+<!--l. 3321--><p class="indent" > In the restricted <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">\write18 </span>execution mode, set by default, <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">mpost </span>is now an allowed program.
+<!--l. 3324--><p class="indent" > A <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf </span>file is also found in <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">../texmf-local</span>, e.g., <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local/web2c/texmf.cnf</span>, if
+it exists.
+<!--l. 3328--><p class="indent" > The <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">updmap </span>script reads a per-tree <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">updmap.cfg </span>instead of one global config. This change should be
+invisible, unless you edited your updmap.cfg&#8217;s directly. The <span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">updmap &#8211;help </span>output has more.
+<!--l. 3332--><p class="indent" > Platforms: <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">armel-linux </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">mipsel-linux </span>added; <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">sparc-linux </span>and <span
+class="ec-lmss-10">i386-netbsd </span>are no longer in the main
+distribution, but are available for installation as custom binaries, along with a variety of other platforms:
+<a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/custom-bin.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/custom-bin.html</span></a>.
+<!--l. 3339--><p class="noindent" >
+ <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.3 </span> <a
+ id="x1-820009.3"></a>Future</h4>
+<!--l. 3341--><p class="noindent" ><span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmri-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmri-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmri-10">X</span></span> <span
+class="ec-lmri-10">Live is not perfect! </span>(And never will be.) We intend to continue to release new versions, and would like to
+provide more help material, more utilities, more installation programs, and (of course) an ever-improved and
+better-checked tree of macros and fonts. This work is all done by volunteers in their spare time, and so there is
+always more to do. Please see <a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive/contribute.html" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/contribute.html</span></a>.
+<!--l. 3348--><p class="indent" > Please send corrections, suggestions, and offers of help to:
+ <div class="quote">
+ <!--l. 3350--><p class="noindent" ><a
+href="mailto:tex-live@tug.org" ><span class="path"><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">tex-live@tug.org</span></span></a> <br
+class="newline" /><a
+href="http://tug.org/texlive" class="url" ><span
+class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive</span></a></div>
+<!--l. 3355--><p class="noindent" ><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">Happy </span><span class="TEX"><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">T</span><span
+class="E"><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">E</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">X</span></span><span
+class="ec-lmro-10">ing!</span>
+
+</body></html>
+
+
+
+