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diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/README b/Master/texmf-doc/README new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7230c0a6291 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/README @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +This tree (texmf-doc) is for self-contained "pure" documentation, that +is, doc packages which do not have any files in the other two trees. diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/thai/lshort-thai/lsh132.pdf b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/thai/lshort-thai/lsh132.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 00000000000..43fd117e07f --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/thai/lshort-thai/lsh132.pdf diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/thai/lshort-thai/lsh132.zip b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/thai/lshort-thai/lsh132.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3cd744b14b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/thai/lshort-thai/lsh132.zip diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/thai/lshort-thai/readme b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/thai/lshort-thai/readme new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f3a7de84bd4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/thai/lshort-thai/readme @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +Not so short introduction to LaTeX v1.32 + +This is a Thai translation of LShort by Tobias Oetiker. +In this version the thailatex-0.2.5 scheme distributed +along with Linux.TLE 4.1 upward has been employed. +Thai words indexing has also been demonstrated. + +Aim of the translation is to provide a handy tutorial +for LaTeX newcommers. + +For more information of how to build please have a look +at LaTeX source files. + +Note: +v1.25 use cttex with thai.sty (Vuthichai Ampornaramveth) +v1.32 use swath with thailatex-0.2.5 (Thai Linux Working + Group, Phaisarn Charoenpornsawat, + Theppitak Karoonboonyanan, Chanop Silpa-Anan) + +File: +lsh132.pdf : PDF version of document +lsh132.zip : LaTeX source files +lsh132ps.zip : Zipped postcript of document + +Chakkapas Visavakul +c.visavakul@rajchavit.com +2002-01-21 Mo diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/LocalVariables b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/LocalVariables new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1971bea3986 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/LocalVariables @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + +% Local Variables: +% coding: utf-8 +% End: diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/Makefile b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..70910a04193 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +# Copyright Reinhard Kotucha and Nguyen Tan Khoa +# License: LPPL version 1.3 or newer + + +default: print screen + +screen: + pdflatex lshort-vi.tex + pdflatex lshort-vi.tex + pdflatex lshort-vi.tex + makeindex lshort-vi.idx + pdflatex lshort-vi.tex + thumbpdf lshort-vi.pdf + pdflatex lshort-vi.tex + +print: + pdflatex lshort-print-vi.tex + pdflatex lshort-print-vi.tex + pdflatex lshort-print-vi.tex + makeindex lshort-print-vi.idx + pdflatex lshort-print-vi.tex + +clean: + rm -vf *.{aux,lo?,out,idx,toc,exa,ilg,ind,tpt} + +distclean: clean + rm *.pdf + +ctan: screen print clean + cp -pf README.txt .. + mv *.pdf .. + (cd ../.. && tar -czvf vietnamese.tar.gz vietnamese) + + +#### + +USER=reinhard-k@shells.sourceforge.net +DIR=home/groups/v/vn/vntex/htdocs/doc/lshort-vi + +LSHORTDIR="$(USER):/$(DIR)" + +vntex: + cd .. && scp -pr * $(LSHORTDIR)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/README.txt b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/README.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6b7065cc903 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/README.txt @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +The not so Short Introduction to LaTeX, Vietnamese edition. + +Original Author: T.Oetiker, H.Partl, E.Schlegl, I.Hyna + +Translator: Nguyen Tan Khoa + +License of the translation: LPPL, version 1.3 or newer, +according to http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt + +Files: + src/abbr.tex + src/biblio.tex + src/contrib.tex + src/custom.tex + src/fancyhea.sty + src/graphic.tex + src/lshort-print-vi.tex + src/lshort.sty + src/lshort-vi.tex + src/lssym.tex + src/Makefile + src/math.tex + src/mylayout.sty + src/overview.tex + src/spec.tex + src/things.tex + src/tiengviet.tex + src/title.tex + src/typeset.tex + src/README + lshort-print-vi.pdf + lshort-vi.pdf diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/abbr.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/abbr.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..621b0607984 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/abbr.tex @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ +\ifx\abbrloaded\relax + \let\next=\endinput +\else + \let\next=\relax +\fi + +\next + +\let\abbrloaded=y + +\def\<#1>{% + \expandafter\ifx\csname<#1>\endcsname\relax + \errmessage{abbreviation <#1> undefined!} + \else + \csname<#1>\endcsname + \fi +} +\def\abbr#1#2{% + \expandafter\def\csname<#1>\endcsname{#2}% +} + +\abbr{...}{\dots} +\abbr{3B2}{3B2} +\abbr{ADOBE}{Adobe} +\abbr{AFM}{AFM} +\abbr{AMIGA}{Amiga} +\abbr{ASCII}{ASCII} +\abbr{BS}{\char92} +\abbr{CMACTEX}{CMac\TeX} +\abbr{CMR}{CMR} +\abbr{CMSS}{CMSS} +\abbr{CM}{Computer Modern} +\abbr{CPP}{C++} +\abbr{CS}{CS} +\abbr{C}{C} +\abbr{DANTE}{DANTE} +\abbr{DOS}{DOS} +\abbr{DTP}{DTP} +\abbr{DVIPDFM}{\textsf{dvipdfm}} +\abbr{DVIPS}{\textsf{dvips}} +\abbr{DVI}{DVI} +\abbr{EK}{\textit{{\Large$\varepsilon$\kern-.1em}k}} +\abbr{EMACS}{Emacs} +\abbr{EOF}{EOF} +\abbr{ET5}{ET5} +\abbr{ETEX}{$\varepsilon$-\TeX} +\abbr{FPTEX}{fp\TeX} +\abbr{GS}{\textsf{ghostscript}} +\abbr{GUST}{GUST} +\abbr{GUT}{GUTenberg} +\abbr{HJ}{H\kern.1em\&\kern.1emJ} +\abbr{HREF}{hyperref} +\abbr{HTML}{HTML} +\abbr{HZ}{\textit{hz}} +\abbr{ID}{InDesign} +\abbr{JAVA}{Java} +\abbr{JP}{\textit{jp}} +\abbr{KF}{\textit{kf\kern-.05em}} +\abbr{KR}{\textit{K$\varrho$}} +\abbr{LATEX}{\LaTeX} +\abbr{LF}{\textrm{\it letter\!\_\kern.1emfit}} +\abbr{LIBPNG}{LIBPNG} +\abbr{LIBTIFF}{LIBTIFF} +\abbr{LINUX}{Linux} +\abbr{LISP}{LISP} +\abbr{MAC}{Macintosh} +\abbr{MF}{\MF} +\abbr{MIKTEX}{Mik\TeX} +\abbr{MIRKA}{Miroslava Mis\'akov\'a} +\abbr{MMINSTANCE}{MMInstance} +\abbr{MMTOOLS}{MMTOOLS} +\abbr{MM}{Multiple Master} +\abbr{MVISCII}{Mac VISCII} +\abbr{NL}{\hfil\break} +\abbr{NTG}{NTG} +\abbr{NTS}{NTS} +\abbr{OMEGA}{$\Omega$} +\abbr{PASCAL}{Pascal} +\abbr{PDFETEX}{pdf\<ETEX>} +\abbr{PDFTEX}{pdf\TeX} +\abbr{PDF}{PDF} +\abbr{PERL}{Perl} +\abbr{PFB}{PFB} +\abbr{PLAIN}{plain \TeX} +\abbr{PS}{PS} +\abbr{RA}{$\longrightarrow$} +\abbr{SGML}{SGML} +\abbr{STL}{STL} +\abbr{T1}{Type\nobreak\,1} +\abbr{T5}{T5} +\abbr{TCVN}{TCVN1} +\abbr{TCX}{TCX} +\abbr{TETEX}{\textsf{te\TeX}} +\abbr{TEXINFO}{texinfo} +\abbr{TEXNICCENTER}{TeXnicCenter} +\abbr{TEX}{\TeX} +\abbr{TFM}{TFM} +\abbr{TFTOPL}{TFtoPL} +\abbr{THANH}{H\`an Th\^e\llap{\raise 0.5ex\hbox{\'{}}} Th\`anh} +\abbr{TRUETYPE}{TrueType} +\abbr{TUG}{TUG} +\abbr{UNIX}{UNIX} +\abbr{URW}{URW} +\abbr{UTF8}{UTF8} +\abbr{VB}{Visual Basic} +\abbr{VC6}{Visual~C++~6.0} +\abbr{VIM}{Vim} +\abbr{VISCII}{VISCII} +\abbr{VNCMR}{\textsf{vncmr}} +\abbr{VNI}{VNI} +\abbr{VNR}{VNR} +\abbr{VNTEX}{\textsf{vntex}} +\abbr{VPS}{VPS} +\abbr{WIN32}{Win32} +\abbr{WINEDT}{WinEdt} +\abbr{WWW}{WWW} +\abbr{XML}{XML} +\abbr{XPDF}{XPDF} +\abbr{ZLIB}{ZLIB} +\abbr{percent}{\,\%} +\abbr{M2}{\,m$^2$} +\abbr{SP}{\hskip1cm} +\abbr{.}{.\,} + +\endinput diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/biblio.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/biblio.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4fd7793e1de --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/biblio.tex @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Contents: The Bibliography +% File: biblio.tex (lshort2e.tex) +% $Id: biblio.tex,v 1.1.1.1 2002/02/26 10:04:20 oetiker Exp $ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +\begin{thebibliography}{99} +\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\bibname} +\bibitem{manual} Leslie Lamport. \newblock \emph{{\LaTeX:} A Document + Preparation System}. \newblock Addison-Wesley, Reading, + Massachusetts, second edition, 1994, ISBN~0-201-52983-1. + +\bibitem{texbook} Donald~E. Knuth. \newblock \textit{The \TeX{}book,} + Volume~A of \textit{Computers and Typesetting}, Addison-Wesley, + Reading, Massachusetts, second edition, 1984, ISBN~0-201-13448-9. + +\bibitem{companion} Michel Goossens, Frank Mittelbach and Alexander + Samarin. \newblock \emph{The {\LaTeX} Companion}. \newblock + Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 1994, ISBN~0-201-54199-8. + +\bibitem{local} Each \LaTeX{} installation should provide a so-called + \emph{\LaTeX{} Local Guide}, which explains the things that are + special to the local system. It should be contained in a file called + \texttt{local.tex}. Unfortunately, some lazy sysops do not provide such a + document. In this case, go and ask your local \LaTeX{} guru for help. + +\bibitem{usrguide} \LaTeX3 Project Team. \newblock \emph{\LaTeXe~for + authors}. \newblock Comes with the \LaTeXe{} distribution as + \texttt{usrguide.tex}. + +\bibitem{clsguide} \LaTeX3 Project Team. \newblock \emph{\LaTeXe~for + Class and Package writers}. \newblock Comes with the \LaTeXe{} + distribution as \texttt{clsguide.tex}. + +\bibitem{fntguide} \LaTeX3 Project Team. \newblock \emph{\LaTeXe~Font + selection}. \newblock Comes with the \LaTeXe{} distribution as + \texttt{fntguide.tex}. + +\bibitem{graphics} D.~P.~Carlisle. \newblock \emph{Packages in the + `graphics' bundle}. \newblock Comes with the `graphics' bundle as + \texttt{grfguide.tex}, available from the same source your \LaTeX{} + distribution came from. + +\bibitem{verbatim} Rainer~Sch\"opf, Bernd~Raichle, Chris~Rowley. +\newblock \emph{A New Implementation of \LaTeX's verbatim + Environments}. + \newblock Comes with the `tools' bundle as + \texttt{verbatim.dtx}, available from the same source your \LaTeX{} + distribution came from. + +\bibitem{catalogue} Graham~Williams. \newblock \emph{The TeX + Catalogue} is a very complete listing of many \TeX{} and \LaTeX{} + related packages. + \newblock Available online from \texttt{CTAN:/tex-archive/help/Catalogue/catalogue.html} + +\bibitem{eps} Keith~Reckdahl. \newblock \emph{Using EPS Graphics in + \LaTeXe{} Documents}, which explains everything and much more than + you ever wanted to know about EPS files and their use in \LaTeX{} + documents. \newblock Available online from + \texttt{CTAN:/tex-archive/info/epslatex.ps} + +\bibitem{xy-pic} Kristoffer H. Rose + \newblock \emph{\Xy-pic User's Guide}. \newblock + Downloadable from CTAN with \Xy-pic distribution + +\end{thebibliography} + +\endinput + +% + +% Local Variables: +% TeX-master: "lshort2e" +% mode: latex +% coding: utf-8 +% End:
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/contrib.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/contrib.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b25bf2bd9cb --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/contrib.tex @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Contents: Who contributed to this Document +% $Id: contrib.tex,v 1.1.1.1 2002/02/26 10:04:20 oetiker Exp $ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +\chapter{Cám Æ¡n!} + +\noindent Phần lá»›n ná»™i dung của tà i liệu nà y được lấy từ bản giá»›i +thiệu vá» \LaTeX{} 2.09 bằng tiếng Äức của: + +\begin{verse} +\contrib{Hubert Partl}{partl@mail.boku.ac.at}% +{Zentraler Informatikdienst der Universit\"at f\"ur Bodenkultur Wien} +\contrib{Irene Hyna}{Irene.Hyna@bmwf.ac.at}% + {Bundesministerium f\"ur Wissenschaft und Forschung Wien} +\contrib{Elisabeth Schlegl}{no email}% + {in Graz} +\end{verse} + +Nếu bạn quan tâm đến tà i liệu bằng tiếng Äức, bạn có thể tải vá» +bản cáºp nháºt của J\"org Knappen tại +\texttt{CTAN:/tex-archive/info/lshort/german}. + +\newpage +\noindent %Khi soạn thảo tà i liệu nà y, tôi đã liên hệ vá»›i má»™t số +%thà nh viên của nhóm tin \texttt{comp.text.tex}. +Trong thá»i gian thá»±c hiện tà i liệu nà y, tôi đã tham vấn ý kiến của má»™t số ngÆ°á»i có chuyên môn vá» \LaTeX{} ở nhóm tin \texttt{comp.text.tex} và đã nháºn được +nhiá»u sá»± hưởng ứng và đóng góp ý kiến của má»i ngÆ°á»i. ChÃnh nhá» và o sá»± nhiệt tình giúp +đỡ trong việc chỉnh sá»a lá»—i, Ä‘Æ°a ra các ý kiến Ä‘á» nghị cÅ©ng tà i liệu tham khảo của má»i ngÆ°á»i tôi má»›i có thể hoà n tất tà i liệu nà y. Tôi chân thà nh cám Æ¡n má»i ngÆ°á»i. Tất cả các lá»—i trong tà i liệu nà y là +của tôi !!! (tôi là ngÆ°á»i soạn thảo mà ). Nếu bạn tìm thấy má»™t từ nà o đó viết sai lá»—i chÃnh tả thì có lẽ rằng má»™t trong những ngÆ°á»i bạn sau đã bá» xót nó! + +{ \flushleft\small +Rosemary~Bailey, %r.a.bailey@qmw.ac.uk 0.2 +Marc~Bevand, % <bevand_m@epita.fr> +Friedemann~Brauer, %fbrauer@is.dal.ca 3.4 +Jan~Busa, % <busaj@ccsun.tuke.sk> +Markus~Br\"uhwiler, % <m.br@switzerland.org> +Pietro~Braione, % <braione@elet.polimi.it> +David~Carlisle, %GONE carlisle@cs.man.ac.uk 1.0 +Jos\'e~Carlos~Santos, % <jcsantos@fc.up.pt> +Mike~Chapman, %chapman@eeh.ee.ethz.ch 3.16 +Pierre~Chardaire, % <pc@sys.uea.ac.uk +Christopher~Chin, %chris.chin@rmit.edu.au 3.1 +Carl~Cerecke, %cdc@cosc.canterbury.ac.nz> +Chris~McCormack, %GONE chrismc@eecs.umich.edu 0.1 +Wim~van~Dam, %GONE wimvdam@cs.kun.nl 2.2 +Jan~Dittberner, %jan@jan-dittberner.de 3.15 +Michael~John~Downes, %<mjd@ams.org> 14 Oct 1999 +Matthias~Dreier, %dreier@ostium.ch +David~Dureisseix, %dureisse@lmt.ens-cachan.fr 1.1 +Elliot, %GONE enh-a@minster.york.ac.uk 1.1 +Hans~Ehrbar, %ehrbar@econ.utah.edu +Daniel~Flipo, %Daniel.Flipo@univ-lille1.fr +David~Frey, %david@eos.lugs.ch 2.2 +Hans~Fugal, %hans@fugal.net +Robin~Fairbairns, %Robin.Fairbairns@cl.cam.ac.uk 0.2 1.0 +J\"org~Fischer, %j.fischer@xpoint.at 3.16 +Erik~Frisk, %frisk@isy.liu.se 3.4 +Mic~Milic~Frederickx, % <mic.milic@web.de> +Frank, %frank@freezone.co.uk 11 Feb 2000 +Kasper~B.~Graversen, % <kbg@dkik.dk> +Arlo~Griffiths, % <A.Griffiths@let.leidenuniv.nl> +Alexandre~Guimond, %guimond@IRO.UMontreal.CA 0.9 +Cyril~Goutte, %goutte@ei.dtu.dk 2.1 2.2 +Greg~Gamble, %gregg@maths.uwa.edu.au 2.2 +Neil~Hammond, %nfh@dmu.ac.uk 0.3 +Rasmus~Borup~Hansen, %GONE rbhfamos@math.ku.dk 0.2 0.9 0.91 0.92 1.9.9 +Joseph~Hilferty, % <hilferty@fil.ub.es> +Bj\"orn Hvittfeldt, %bjorn@hvittfeldt.com 3.13 +Martien~Hulsen, %M.A.Hulsen@WbMt.TUDelft.NL 1.0 1.1 +Werner~Icking, %<Werner.Icking@gmd.de> 3.1 +Jakob, %diness@get2net.dk +Eric~Jacoboni, %GONE jacoboni@enseeiht.fr 0.1 0.9 +Alan~Jeffrey, %alanje@cogs.sussex.ac.uk 0.2 +Byron~Jones, %bj@dmu.ac.uk 1.1 +David~Jones, %GONE djones@CA.McMaster.dcss.insight 1.1 +Johannes-Maria~Kaltenbach, %<kaltenbach@zeiss.de> 3.01 +Michael~Koundouros, % <mkoundouros@hotmail.com> +Andrzej~Kawalec, %GONE akawalec@prz.rzeszow.pl 1.9.9 +Alain~Kessi, %ALAIN_KESSI@HOTMAIL.COM 2.2 +Christian Kern, %ck@unixen.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de 2.1 +J\"org~Knappen, %knappen@vkpmzd.kph.uni-mainz.de 0.1 +Kjetil~Kjernsmo, %<kjetil.kjernsmo@astro.uio.no> 3.2 +Maik~Lehradt, %greek@uni-paderborn.de 0.1 +R\'emi~Letot, % <r_letot@yahoo.com> +Johan~Lundberg, %p99jlu@physto.se +Alexander~Mai, %Alexander.Mai@physik.tu-darmstadt.de 3.8 +Martin~Maechler, %<maechler@stat.math.ethz.ch> 2.2 +Aleksandar~S~Milosevic, % <aleksandar.milosevic@yale.edu> +Henrik~Mitsch, % <Henrik.Mitsch@gmx.at> +Claus~Malten, %GONE <ASI138%BITNET.DJUKFA11@BITNET.CEARN> 1.1 +Kevin~Van~Maren, % <vanmaren@fast.cs.utah.edu> 24 Nov 1999 +Lenimar~Nunes~de~Andrade, % <lenimar@mat.ufpb.br> Fri, 12 Nov 1999 +Demerson~Andre~Polli, % polli@linux.ime.usp.br +Maksym~Polyakov % <polyama@myrealbox.com> +Hubert~Partl, %partl@mail.boku.ac.at 0.2 1.1 +John~Refling, %refling@sierra.lbl.gov 0.1 0.9 +Mike~Ressler, %ressler@cougar.jpl.nasa.gov 0.1 0.2 0.9 1.0 1.9.9 +Brian~Ripley, %ripley@stats.ox.ac.uk 2.1 +Young~U.~Ryu, %ryoung@utdallas.edu 2.1 +Bernd~Rosenlecher, %9rosenle@informatik.uni-hamburg.de 10 Feb 2000 +Chris~Rowley, %C.A.Rowley@open.ac.uk 0.91 +Risto~Saarelma, %risto.saarelma@cs.helsinki.fi +Hanspeter~Schmid, %schmid@isi.ee.ethz.ch +Craig~Schlenter, %cschle@lucy.ee.und.ac.za 0.1 0.2 0.9 +Baron~Schwartz, % <bps7j@cs.virginia.edu> +Christopher~Sawtell, %<csawtell@xtra.co.nz> 1 Sep 1999 +Geoffrey~Swindale, % <geofftswin@ntlworld.com> +Boris~Tobotras, % <tobotras@jet.msk.su> +Josef~Tkadlec, %tkadlec@math.feld.cvut.cz 2.0 2.2 +Scott~Veirs, %scottv@ocean.washington.edu +Didier~Verna, %verna@inf.enst.fr 2.2 +Fabian~Wernli, %wernli@iap.fr 3.2 +Carl-Gustav~Werner, % <Carl-Gustav.Werner@math.lu.se> 11 Oct 1999,3.16 +David~Woodhouse, % <dwmw2@infradead.org> 3.16 +Chris~York, % <c.s.york@Cummins.com> 21 Nov 1999 +Fritz~Zaucker, %zaucker@ee.ethz.ch 3.0 +Rick~Zaccone, %zaccone@bucknell.edu 2.2 +and Mikhail~Zotov. %zotov@eas.npi.msu.su 3.1 + +} + +\vspace*{\stretch{1}} +\pagebreak +% +% Local Variables: +% TeX-master: "lshort2e" +% mode: latex +% coding: utf-8 +% End:
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/graphic.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/graphic.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bea786e48ff --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/graphic.tex @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +\setcounter{chapter}{4} +\newcommand{\graphicscompanion}{\emph{The \LaTeX{} Graphics Companion}~\cite{graphicscompanion}} +\newcommand{\hobby}{\emph{A User's Manual for MetaPost}~\cite{metapost}} +\newcommand{\hoenig}{\emph{\TeX{} Unbound}~\cite{unbound}} +\newcommand{\graphicsinlatex}{\emph{Graphics in \LaTeXe{}}~\cite{ursoswald}} + +\chapter{Biên soạn hình ảnh toán há»c} + +\begin{intro} +Hiện nay rất nhiá»u ngÆ°á»i dùng \LaTeX{} để biên soạn tà i liệu. Bên cạnh việc há»— trợ biên soạn các tà i liệu thông thÆ°á»ng, \LaTeX{} còn há»— trợ biên soạn hình ảnh dá»±a trên những mô tả thuần văn bản. Ban đầu, tÃnh năng nà y có phần bị hạn chế nhÆ°ng theo thá»i gian, má»™t số lượng lá»›n các gói mở rá»™ng của \LaTeX{} đã khiến tác vụ nà y trở nên Ä‘Æ¡n giản, góp phần khắc phục những hạn chế trÆ°á»›c đây. Trong chÆ°Æ¡ng nà y, bạn sẽ là m quen vá»›i má»™t và i gói tiêu biểu. +\end{intro} + +\section{Tổng quan} + +Môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{picture} cho phép chúng ta dùng \LaTeX{} để biên soạn trá»±c tiếp các hình ảnh. Bạn có thể tham khảo trong \manual\ để biết thêm chi tiết. Má»™t mặt, môi trÆ°á»ng nà y vẫn còn má»™t số hạn chế lá»›n nhÆ° hệ số góc của các Ä‘oạn thẳng cÅ©ng nhÆ° bán kÃnh của Ä‘Æ°á»ng trá»n bị giá»›i hạn trong má»™t số Ãt các giá trị lá»±a chá»n. Mặt khác, môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{picture} trong \LaTeXe{} có lệnh \ci{qbezier}, ``\texttt{q}'' có nghÄ©a là ``báºc hai' (quadratic)'. Các Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong thÆ°á»ng dùng nhÆ° Ä‘Æ°á»ng tròn, ellipse hay các Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong liên tiếp nhau có thể được thay thế bằng Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong B\'ezier báºc hai, tuy nhiên, Ä‘iá»u nà y đòi há»i chúng ta phải thá»±c hiện các tÃnh toán toán há»c không Ä‘Æ¡n giản. Nếu bạn sá» dụng ngôn ngữ láºp trình nhÆ° Java để tạo ra táºp tin nháºp liệu của \LaTeX{} chứa các lệnh \ci{qbezier} thì sức mạnh của gói \ei{picture} sẽ tăng lên rất nhiá»u. + +Mặc dù việc láºp trình để xuất ra hình ảnh má»™t cách trá»±c tiếp vá»›i \LaTeX\ là má»™t công việc không Ä‘Æ¡n giản, mệt nhá»c và gặp phải những hạn chế nhất định nhÆ°ng chúng ta có lý do để thá»±c hiện việc nà y: tà i liệu của chúng ta sẽ chiếm rất Ãt bá»™ nhá»› cÅ©ng nhÆ° chúng ta không phải lo lắng việc chép thiếu táºp tin hình ảnh minh hoạ khi mang tà i liệu từ nÆ¡i nà y đến nÆ¡i khác. + +Các gói nhÆ° \pai{epic} và \pai{eepic} (được mô tả trong tà i liệu \companion) hay \pai{pstricks} sẽ giúp chúng tra vượt qua những hạn chế của gói \ei{picture} và mở rá»™ng sức mạnh soạn thảo hình ảnh của \LaTeX. + +Trong khi hai gói \pai{epic} và \pai{eepic} chỉ mở rá»™ng môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{picture}, gói \pai{pstricks} có riêng môi trÆ°á»ng vẽ của mình là \ei{pspicture}. Gói \pai{pstricks} có được sức mạnh nà y nhá» và o việc sá» dụng rất nhiá»u ngôn ngữ \PSi{}. Ngoà i ra, má»™t số lượng lá»›n các gói đã được thiết kế nhằm phục vụ cho các mục Ä‘Ãch nhất định. Má»™t trong số đó là \texorpdfstring{\Xy}{Xy}-pic, được mô tả ở cuối chÆ°Æ¡ng nà y. Hầu hết các gói nà y Ä‘á»u được giá»›i thiệu trong \graphicscompanion{} (bạn không nên nhầm lẫn giữa tà i liệu nà y và \companion). + +Có lẽ công cụ đồ hoạ mạnh nhất của \LaTeX\ là \texttt{MetaPost}, ngÆ°á»i anh em song sinh vá»›i \texttt{METAFONT} của Donald E. Knuth. \texttt{MetaPost} có ngôn ngữ láºp trình rất tinh tế, linh hoạt của \texttt{METAFONT}. Tuy nhiên \texttt{METAFONT} tạo ra táºp tin ảnh dạng bitmap còn \texttt{MetaPost} tạo ra ảnh dạng \PSi{} để thêm thêm và o trong tà i liệu. Äể biết thêm thông tin bạn có thể tham khảo ở \hobby hay \cite{ursowald}. + +Các cách sá» dụng hình ảnh (font chữ) trong \LaTeX{} và \TeX{} được thảo luáºn chi tiết trong \hoenig. + +\section{Môi trÆ°á»ng \texttt{picture}} +\secby{Urs Oswald}{osurs@bluewin.ch} + +\subsection{Các lệnh cÆ¡ bản} + +Môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{picture}\footnote{Môi trÆ°á»ng picture hoạt Ä‘á»™ng Ä‘á»™c láºp, không cần thêm bất kỳ má»™t gói nà o khác ngoà i trừ \LaTeXe{} chuẩn} được tạo ra bởi má»™t trong hai lệnh sau +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{begin}\verb|{picture}(|$x,y$\verb|)|\ldots\ci{end}\verb|{picture}| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent hay +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{begin}\verb|{picture}(|$x,y$\verb|)(|$x_0,y_0$\verb|)|\ldots\ci{end}\verb|{picture}| +\end{lscommand} +Các giá trị $x,\,y,\,x_0,\,y_0$ sẽ dá»±a và o \ci{unitlength}, bạn có thể gán lại giá trị nà y và o bất kỳ lúc nà o (bên ngoà i môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{picture}) vá»›i lệnh nhÆ° sau +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{setlength}\verb|{|\ci{unitlength}\verb|}{1.2cm}| +\end{lscommand} +Giá trị mặc định của \ci{unitlength} là \texttt{1pt}. Cặp giá trị đầu tiên, $(x,y)$ là toạ Ä‘á»™ bắt đầu, bên trong tà i liệu, của hình chữ nháºt bao quanh hình. Cặp giá trị tùy chá»n thứ hai, $(x_0, y_0)$, là toạ Ä‘á»™ góc dÆ°á»›i bên trái của hình chữ nháºt nà y. + +Hầu hết các lệnh vẽ có hai dạng +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{put}\verb|(|$x,y$\verb|){|\emph{đối tượng}\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent hay +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{multiput}\verb|(|$x,y$\verb|)(|$\Delta x,\Delta y$\verb|){|$n$\verb|}{|\emph{đối tượng}\verb|}|\end{lscommand} +ÄÆ°á»ng cong B\'ezier là má»™t ngoại lệ. Các Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong nà y được vẽ vá»›i lệnh +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{qbezier}\verb|(|$x_1,y_1$\verb|)(|$x_2,y_2$\verb|)(|$x_3,y_3$\verb|)| +\end{lscommand} + +\subsection{Các Ä‘oạn thẳng} + +\begin{example} +\setlength{\unitlength}{5cm} +\begin{picture}(1,1) + \put(0,0){\line(0,1){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(1,0){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(1,1){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(1,2){.5}} + \put(0,0){\line(1,3){.3333}} + \put(0,0){\line(1,4){.25}} + \put(0,0){\line(1,5){.2}} + \put(0,0){\line(1,6){.1667}} + \put(0,0){\line(2,1){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(2,3){.6667}} + \put(0,0){\line(2,5){.4}} + \put(0,0){\line(3,1){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(3,2){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(3,4){.75}} + \put(0,0){\line(3,5){.6}} + \put(0,0){\line(4,1){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(4,3){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(4,5){.8}} + \put(0,0){\line(5,1){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(5,2){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(5,3){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(5,4){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(5,6){.8333}} + \put(0,0){\line(6,1){1}} + \put(0,0){\line(6,5){1}} +\end{picture} +\end{example} +Các Ä‘oạn thẳng được vẽ thông qua lệnh +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{put}\verb|(|$x,y$\verb|){|\ci{line}\verb|(|$x_1,y_1$\verb|){|$length$\verb|}}| +\end{lscommand} +Lệnh \ci{line} có hai tham số: +\begin{enumerate} + \item vector chỉ phÆ°Æ¡ng, + \item Ä‘á»™ dà i. +\end{enumerate} +Các thà nh phần của vector chỉ phÆ°Æ¡ng phải là các số nguyên +\[ + -6,\,-5,\,\ldots,\,5,\,6, +\] +\noindent nguyên tố cùng nhau (không có Æ°á»›c chung trừ số 1). Hình vừa rồi minh há»a 25 giá trị hệ số góc khác nhau trong gốc phần tÆ° thứ nhất. Chiá»u dà i của Ä‘oạn thẳng phụ thuá»™c và o giá trị của \ci{unitlength}. + + +\subsection{MÅ©i tên} + +\begin{example} +\setlength{\unitlength}{1mm} +\begin{picture}(60,40) + \put(30,20){\vector(1,0){30}} + \put(30,20){\vector(4,1){20}} + \put(30,20){\vector(3,1){25}} + \put(30,20){\vector(2,1){30}} + \put(30,20){\vector(1,2){10}} + \thicklines + \put(30,20){\vector(-4,1){30}} + \put(30,20){\vector(-1,4){5}} + \thinlines + \put(30,20){\vector(-1,-1){5}} + \put(30,20){\vector(-1,-4){5}} +\end{picture} +\end{example} +Các dấu mÅ©i tên được vẽ thông qua lệnh +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{put}\verb|(|$x,y$\verb|){|\ci{vector}\verb|(|$x_1,y_1$\verb|){|$length$\verb|}}| +\end{lscommand} +Äối vá»›i mÅ©i tên, các thà nh phần của vectÆ¡ chỉ phÆ°Æ¡ng bị giá»›i hạn nhiá»u hÆ¡n so vá»›i Ä‘oạn thẳng, chúng phải là các số nguyên +\[ + -4,\,-3,\,\ldots,\,3,\,4. +\] +\noindent nguyên tố cùng nhau (không có Æ°á»›c chung ngoại trừ 1). Bạn cần chú ý đến tác Ä‘á»™ng của lệnh \ci{thicklines} đến hai mÅ©i tên hÆ°á»›ng lên góc trên bên trái. + +\subsection{ÄÆ°á»ng tròn} + +\begin{example} +\setlength{\unitlength}{1mm} +\begin{picture}(60, 40) + \put(20,30){\circle{1}} + \put(20,30){\circle{2}} + \put(20,30){\circle{4}} + \put(20,30){\circle{8}} + \put(20,30){\circle{16}} + \put(20,30){\circle{32}} + + \put(40,30){\circle{1}} + \put(40,30){\circle{2}} + \put(40,30){\circle{3}} + \put(40,30){\circle{4}} + \put(40,30){\circle{5}} + \put(40,30){\circle{6}} + \put(40,30){\circle{7}} + \put(40,30){\circle{8}} + \put(40,30){\circle{9}} + \put(40,30){\circle{10}} + \put(40,30){\circle{11}} + \put(40,30){\circle{12}} + \put(40,30){\circle{13}} + \put(40,30){\circle{14}} + + \put(15,10){\circle*{1}} + \put(20,10){\circle*{2}} + \put(25,10){\circle*{3}} + \put(30,10){\circle*{4}} + \put(35,10){\circle*{5}} +\end{picture} +\end{example} +Lệnh +\begin{lscommand} + \ci{put}\verb|(|$x,y$\verb|){|\ci{circle}\verb|{|\emph{Ä‘Æ°á»ng kÃnh}\verb|}}| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent vẽ Ä‘Æ°á»ng tròn có tâm là $(x,y)$ và đưá»ng kÃnh (không phải bán kÃnh) là \emph{Ä‘Æ°á»ng kÃnh}. +Môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{picture} chỉ chấp nháºn giá trị Ä‘Æ°á»ng kÃnh tối Ä‘a là 14\,mm; tuy nhiên, trong má»™t số trÆ°á»ng hợp dù giá trị Ä‘Æ°á»ng kÃnh nhá» hÆ¡n giá»›i hạn nhÆ°ng vẫn không được chấp nháºn. Lệnh \ci{circle*} được dùng để vẽ hình tròn. + +Khi vẽ các Ä‘oạn thẳng, đôi khi ta cần phải sá» dụng thêm các gói nhÆ° \pai{eepic} hay \pai{pstricks}. Bạn có thể tham khảo thêm \graphicscompanion\ để biết thêm thông tin chi tiết. + +Trong môi trÆ°á»ng \pai{picture}, nếu bạn không ngại tÃnh toán (hay dùng phần má»m há»— trợ để tÃnh), bạn có thể thay thế việc vẽ các Ä‘Æ°á»ng tròn và ellipse bằng các Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong B\'ezier. Xem thêm và dụ trong \graphicsinlatex\ để biết thêm chi tiết. + +\subsection{Văn bản và công thức} + +\begin{example} +\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm} +\begin{picture}(6,5) + \thicklines + \put(1,0.5){\line(2,1){3}} + \put(4,2){\line(-2,1){2}} + \put(2,3){\line(-2,-5){1}} + \put(0.7,0.3){$A$} + \put(4.05,1.9){$B$} + \put(1.7,2.95){$C$} + \put(3.1,2.5){$a$} + \put(1.3,1.7){$b$} + \put(2.5,1.05){$c$} + \put(0.3,4){$F= + \sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}$} + \put(3.5,0.4){$\displaystyle + s:=\frac{a+b+c}{2}$} +\end{picture} +\end{example} +Thông qua và dụ trên, bạn có thể thấy rằng văn bản và các công thức có thể được đặt và o môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{picture} vá»›i lệnh \ci{put} nhÆ° bình thÆ°á»ng. + +\subsection{Lệnh \ci{multiput} và \ci{linethickness}} + +\begin{example} +\setlength{\unitlength}{2mm} +\begin{picture}(30,20) + \linethickness{0.075mm} + \multiput(0,0)(1,0){31}% + {\line(0,1){20}} + \multiput(0,0)(0,1){21}% + {\line(1,0){30}} + \linethickness{0.15mm} + \multiput(0,0)(5,0){7}% + {\line(0,1){20}} + \multiput(0,0)(0,5){5}% + {\line(1,0){30}} + \linethickness{0.3mm} + \multiput(5,0)(10,0){3}% + {\line(0,1){20}} + \multiput(0,5)(0,10){2}% + {\line(1,0){30}} +\end{picture} +\end{example} +Lệnh +\begin{lscommand} + \ci{multiput}\verb|(|$x,y$\verb|)(|$\Delta x,\Delta y$\verb|){|$n$\verb|}{|\emph{đối tượng}\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent có 4 tham số: Ä‘iểm bắt đầu, vectÆ¡ tịnh tiến từ đối tượng nà y đến đối tượng tiếp theo, số đối tượng và đối tượng cần vẽ. Lệnh \ci{linethickness} áp dụng cho các Ä‘oạn thẳng nằm ngang hay thẳng đứng nhÆ°ng không có tác dụng đối vá»›i các Ä‘oạn xiên hay Ä‘Æ°á»ng tròn. Tuy nhiên lệnh nà y có tác dụng vá»›i các Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong B\'ezier! + +\subsection{Hình oval. Lệnh \ci{thinlines} và \ci{thicklines}} + +\begin{example} +\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm} +\begin{picture}(6,4) + \linethickness{0.075mm} + \multiput(0,0)(1,0){7}% + {\line(0,1){4}} + \multiput(0,0)(0,1){5}% + {\line(1,0){6}} + \thicklines + \put(2,3){\oval(3,1.8)} + \thinlines + \put(3,2){\oval(3,1.8)} + \thicklines + \put(2,1){\oval(3,1.8)[tl]} + \put(4,1){\oval(3,1.8)[b]} + \put(4,3){\oval(3,1.8)[r]} + \put(3,1.5){\oval(1.8,0.4)} +\end{picture} +\end{example} +Lệnh +\begin{lscommand} + \ci{put}\verb|(|$x,y$\verb|){|\ci{oval}\verb|(|$w,h$\verb|)}| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent hay +\begin{lscommand} + \ci{put}\verb|(|$x,y$\verb|){|\ci{oval}\verb|(|$w,h$\verb|)[|\emph{vị trÃ}\verb|]}| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent xuất ra má»™t hình oval tại $(x,y)$, có Ä‘á»™ rá»™ng $w$ và chiá»u cao $h$. Tham số vị trà là \texttt{b}, \texttt{t}, \texttt{l}, \texttt{r} tÆ°Æ¡ng ứng vá»›i ``cuối trang'', ``đầu trang'', ``bên trái'', ``bên phải''. Bạn có thể kết hợp các tham số vị trà nà y lại vá»›i nhau. + +Äá»™ dà y của hà ng có thể được Ä‘iá»u khiển bởi hai lệnh:\\ +\ci{linethickness}\verb|{|\emph{length}\verb|}|, \ci{thinlines} và \ci{thicklines}. Lệnh \ci{linethickness}\verb|{|\emph{length}\verb|}| +chỉ có tác dụng vá»›i các Ä‘Æ°á»ng thẳng nằm ngang hay thẳng đứng (và các Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong B\'ezier) còn lệnh \ci{thinlines} và \ci{thicklines} có tác dụng vá»›i các Ä‘Æ°á»ng thẳng nằm xiên cÅ©ng nhÆ° đối vá»›i Ä‘Æ°á»ng tròn và oval. + +\subsection{Các cách sá» dụng các khung hình được định nghÄ©a trÆ°á»›c} + +\begin{example} +\setlength{\unitlength}{0.5mm} +\begin{picture}(120,168) +\newsavebox{\foldera}% declaration +\savebox{\foldera} + (40,32)[bl]{% definition + \multiput(0,0)(0,28){2} + {\line(1,0){40}} + \multiput(0,0)(40,0){2} + {\line(0,1){28}} + \put(1,28){\oval(2,2)[tl]} + \put(1,29){\line(1,0){5}} + \put(9,29){\oval(6,6)[tl]} + \put(9,32){\line(1,0){8}} + \put(17,29){\oval(6,6)[tr]} + \put(20,29){\line(1,0){19}} + \put(39,28){\oval(2,2)[tr]} +} +\newsavebox{\folderb}% declaration +\savebox{\folderb} + (40,32)[l]{% definition + \put(0,14){\line(1,0){8}} + \put(8,0){\usebox{\foldera}} +} +\put(34,26){\line(0,1){102}} +\put(14,128){\usebox{\foldera}} +\multiput(34,86)(0,-37){3} + {\usebox{\folderb}} +\end{picture} +\end{example} +Má»™t khung hình (picture box) có thể được \emph{khai báo} thông qua lệnh +\begin{lscommand} + \ci{newsavebox}\verb|{|\emph{tên}\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent sau đó \emph{định nghÄ©a} bởi lệnh +\begin{lscommand} + \ci{savebox}\verb|{|\emph{tên}\verb|}(|\emph{chiá»u rá»™ng,chiá»u cao}\verb|)[|\emph{vị trÃ}\verb|]{|\emph{ná»™i dung}\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent và cuối cùng được \emph{vẽ} ra vá»›i lệnh +\begin{lscommand} + \ci{put}\verb|(|$x,y$\verb|)|\ci{usebox}\verb|{|\emph{tên}\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} + +Tham số \emph{vị trÃ} có tác dụng xác định `Ä‘iểm mốc' của khung (savebox). Trong và dụ trên, chúng ta đã sá» dụng tham số là \texttt{bl} để đặt Ä‘iểm mốc ở góc dÆ°á»›i bên trái của khung. Các tham số khác là \texttt{t} -- ở trên, \texttt{r} -- bên phải. + +Các khung hình có thể được lồng và o nhau: trong và dụ trên, ta thấy khung \ci{foldera} được dùng bên trong định nghÄ©a của khung \ci{folderb} + +Lệnh \ci{oval} được sá» dụng nhÆ° lệnh \ci{line} sẽ không có tác dụng nếu kÃch thÆ°á»›c của Ä‘oạn thẳng nhá» hÆ¡n 3\,mm. + +\subsection{Các Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong B\'ezier} + +\begin{example} +\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm} +\begin{picture}(6,4) + \linethickness{0.075mm} + \multiput(0,0)(1,0){7} + {\line(0,1){4}} + \multiput(0,0)(0,1){5} + {\line(1,0){6}} + \thicklines + \put(0.5,0.5){\line(1,5){0.5}} + \put(1,3){\line(4,1){2}} + \qbezier(0.5,0.5)(1,3)(3,3.5) + \thinlines + \put(2.5,2){\line(2,-1){3}} + \put(5.5,0.5){\line(-1,5){0.5}} + \linethickness{1mm} + \qbezier(2.5,2)(5.5,0.5)(5,3) + \thinlines + \qbezier(4,2)(4,3)(3,3) + \qbezier(3,3)(2,3)(2,2) + \qbezier(2,2)(2,1)(3,1) + \qbezier(3,1)(4,1)(4,2) +\end{picture} +\end{example} +Trong và dụ trên, việc chia Ä‘Æ°á»ng tròn thà nh 4 Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong B\'ezier là không thoả đáng, chúng ta cần Ãt nhất là 8 Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong. Hình minh hoạ cÅ©ng cho thấy tác dụng của lệnh \ci{linethickness} đối vá»›i các Ä‘Æ°á»ng thẳng nằm ngang và nằm thẳng đứng, lệnh \ci{thicklines} đối vá»›i các Ä‘Æ°á»›ng thẳng nằm xiên. Ngoà i ra chúng ta cÅ©ng thấy được tác dụng của các lệnh nà y đối vá»›i các Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong B\'ezier. Bạn cần lÆ°u ý rằng lệnh nằm sau sẽ có tác dụng. + +Äặt $P_1=(x_1,\,y_1),\,P_2=(x_2,\,y_2)$ là các Ä‘iểm cuối và $m_1,\,m_2$ là các hệ số góc tÆ°Æ¡ng ứng của Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong B\'ezier. Äiểm giữa Ä‘iá»u khiển $S=(x,\,y)$ sẽ được xác định bởi +\begin{equation} \label{zwischenpunkt} + \left\{ + \begin{array}{rcl} + x & = & \displaystyle \frac{m_2 x_2-m_1x_1-(y_2-y_1)}{m_2-m_1}, \\ + y & = & y_i+m_i(x-x_i)\qquad (i=1,\,2). + \end{array} + \right. +\end{equation} +\noindent Xem \graphicsinlatex\ để biết thêm thông tin vá» chÆ°Æ¡ng trình Java há»— trợ việc tạo các Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong B\'ezier từ lệnh. + +\subsection{Catenary} + +\begin{example} +\setlength{\unitlength}{1.3cm} +\begin{picture}(4.3,3.6)(-2.5,-0.25) + \put(-2,0){\vector(1,0){4.4}} + \put(2.45,-.05){$x$} + \put(0,0){\vector(0,1){3.2}} + \put(0,3.35){\makebox(0,0){$y$}} + \qbezier(0.0,0.0)(1.2384,0.0) + (2.0,2.7622) + \qbezier(0.0,0.0)(-1.2384,0.0) + (-2.0,2.7622) + \linethickness{.075mm} + \multiput(-2,0)(1,0){5} + {\line(0,1){3}} + \multiput(-2,0)(0,1){4} + {\line(1,0){4}} + \linethickness{.2mm} + \put( .3,.12763){\line(1,0){.4}} + \put(.5,-.07237){\line(0,1){.4}} + \put(-.7,.12763){\line(1,0){.4}} + \put(-.5,-.07237){\line(0,1){.4}} + \put(.8,.54308){\line(1,0){.4}} + \put(1,.34308){\line(0,1){.4}} + \put(-1.2,.54308){\line(1,0){.4}} + \put(-1,.34308){\line(0,1){.4}} + \put(1.3,1.35241){\line(1,0){.4}} + \put(1.5,1.15241){\line(0,1){.4}} + \put(-1.7,1.35241){\line(1,0){.4}} + \put(-1.5,1.15241){\line(0,1){.4}} + \put(-2.5,-0.25){\circle*{0.2}} +\end{picture} +\end{example} + +Trong hình trên, các nữa đối xứng nhau của đồ thị hà m số $y = \cosh x - 1$ được sắp xỉ bởi Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong B\'ezier. Phần nữa bên phải của Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong kết thúc bởi Ä‘iểm \((2,\,2.7622)\), hệ số góc là \(m=3.6269\). Sá» dụng phÆ°Æ¡ng trình (\ref{zwischenpunkt}), ta có thể tÃnh được Ä‘iểm Ä‘iá»u khiển giữa là $(1.2384,\,0)$ và $(-1.2384,\,0)$. Äá»™ sai lệch là rất thấp và thÆ°á»ng nhá» hÆ¡n má»™t phần trăm. + +Và dụ nà y cÅ©ng cho ta thấy được cách sá» dụng tham số tuỳ chá»n của lệnh \verb|\begin{picture}|. +Hình ảnh sẽ được định nghÄ©a má»™t dá»±a và o các hệ trục ``toán há»c'' dá»±a và o lệnh +\begin{lscommand} + \ci{begin}\verb|{picture}(4.3,3.6)(-2.5,-0.25)| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent góc dÆ°á»›i bên trái (đánh dấu bởi hình tròn mà u Ä‘en) được xác định toạ Ä‘á»™ là $(-2.5,-0.25)$. + +\subsection{Tốc Ä‘á»™ trong thuyết tÆ°Æ¡ng đối đặc biệt} + +\begin{example} +\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm} +\begin{picture}(6,4)(-3,-2) + \put(-2.5,0){\vector(1,0){5}} + \put(2.7,-0.1){$\chi$} + \put(0,-1.5){\vector(0,1){3}} + \multiput(-2.5,1)(0.4,0){13} + {\line(1,0){0.2}} + \multiput(-2.5,-1)(0.4,0){13} + {\line(1,0){0.2}} + \put(0.2,1.4) + {$\beta=v/c=\tanh\chi$} + \qbezier(0,0)(0.8853,0.8853) + (2,0.9640) + \qbezier(0,0)(-0.8853,-0.8853) + (-2,-0.9640) + \put(-3,-2){\circle*{0.2}} +\end{picture} +\end{example} +Äiểm Ä‘iá»u khiển của hai Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong B\'ezier được tÃnh bởi công thức (\ref{zwischenpunkt}). Nhánh dÆ°Æ¡ng được xác định bởi $P_1=(0,\,0),\,m_1 = 1$ và $P_2 = (2,\,\tanh 2),\, m_2 = 1/\cosh^2 2$. Khi nà y toạ Ä‘á»™ của góc dÆ°á»›i bên trái được xác định là $(-3,-2)$ (hình tròn mà u Ä‘en). + +\section{\texorpdfstring{\Xy}{Xy}-pic} +\secby{Alberto Manuel Brand\~ao Sim\~oes}{albie@alfarrabio.di.uminho.pt} +Gói \pai{xy} là má»™t gói đặc biệt để vẽ các biểu đồ. Äể sá» dụng gói nà y, bạn chỉ việc thêm và o các hà ng lệnh sau trong phần tá»±a Ä‘á» của tà i liệu: +\begin{lscommand} +\verb|\usepackage[|\emph{tùy chá»n}\verb|]{xy}| +\end{lscommand} +Vá»›i \emph{tùy chá»n} là má»™t danh sách các hà m của \Xy-pic mà bạn muốn nạp và o. Tôi Ä‘á» nghị bạn Ä‘Æ°a và o mục chá»n \verb!all! để \LaTeX{} nạp tất cả các lệnh của \Xy. + +Các biểu đồ của \Xy-pic được vẽ dá»±a trên mô hình của các ma tráºn trong đó má»—i phần tá» của biểu đồ được đặt trong má»™t ô của ma tráºn: +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\xymatrix{A & B \\ + C & D } +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +Lệnh \ci{xymatrix} phải được sá» dụng trong chế Ä‘á»™ toán há»c. Trong và dụ trên, chúng ta có hai hà ng và hai cá»™t. Äể tạo biểu đồ nà y, chúng ta chỉ cần thêm và o các muá»—i tên tÆ°Æ¡ng ứng vá»›i lệnh +\ci{ar}. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\xymatrix{ A \ar[r] & B \ar[d] \\ + D \ar[u] & C \ar[l] } +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +Lệnh vẽ mÅ©i tên được đặt ở ô gốc. Các tham số ở đây là hÆ°á»›ng trỠđến của các mÅ©i tên. (\texttt{u}: mÅ©i tên hÆ°á»›ng lên, \texttt{d}: mÅ©i tên hÆ°á»›ng xuống, \texttt{r}: mÅ©i tên hÆ°á»›ng sang phải và \texttt{l}: mÅ©i tên hÆ°á»›ng sang trái). +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\xymatrix{ + A \ar[d] \ar[dr] \ar[r] & B \\ + D & C } +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +Äể tạo ra các mÅ©i tên theo Ä‘Æ°á»ng chéo, bạn chỉ cần sá» dụng tham số là tổ hợp của các hÆ°á»›ng. Äể có mÅ©i tên Ä‘áºm hÆ¡n, bạn có thể lặp lại các tham số vá» hÆ°á»›ng. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\xymatrix{ + A \ar[d] \ar[dr] \ar[drr] & & \\ + B & C & D } +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +Bạn có thể vẽ các biểu đồ ``hấp dẫn'' bằng cách thêm và o phÃa trên dấu mÅ©i tên các nhãn. Äể là m Ä‘iá»u nà y, bạn có thể sá» dụng các toán tá» viết lên trên hay viết xuống dÆ°á»›i. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\xymatrix{ + A \ar[r]^f \ar[d]_g & + B \ar[d]^{g'} \\ + D \ar[r]_{f'} & C } +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +NhÆ° đã thấy, bạn sá» dụng các toán tá» nà y trong chế Ä‘á»™ toán há»c. Sá»± khác biệt duy nhất là việc viết văn bản lên trên được hiểu là ``viết lên phÃa trên của mÅ©i tên'' còn viết văn bản ở dÆ°á»›i nghÄ©a là ``ở dÆ°á»›i dấu mÅ©i tên''. Ngoà i ra chúng ta còn có toán tá» thứ ba là : \verb+|+. Lệnh đặt ná»™i dung lên trên mÅ©i tên. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\xymatrix{ + A \ar[r]|f \ar[d]|g & + B \ar[d]|{g'} \\ + D \ar[r]|{f'} & C } +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Äể vẽ các mÅ©i tên có khoảng trống ở giữa, bạn có thể sá» dụng lệnh \verb!\ar[...]|\hole!. + +Trong má»™t số tình huống, việc phân biệt các kiểu mÅ©i tên khác nhau là quan trá»ng, khi nà y, bạn có thể đặt các nhãn lên các dẫu mÅ©i tên hay thay đổi kiểu hiển thị của nó: +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\xymatrix{ + \bullet\ar@{->}[rr] && \bullet\\ + \bullet\ar@{.<}[rr] && \bullet\\ + \bullet\ar@{~)}[rr] && \bullet\\ + \bullet\ar@{=(}[rr] && \bullet\\ + \bullet\ar@{~/}[rr] && \bullet\\ + \bullet\ar@{=+}[rr] && \bullet +} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Bạn hãy chú ý sá»± khác biệt giữa hai biểu đồ dÆ°á»›i đây: +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\xymatrix{ + \bullet \ar[r] + \ar@{.>}[r] & + \bullet +} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\xymatrix{ + \bullet \ar@/^/[r] + \ar@/_/@{.>}[r] & + \bullet +} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Từ bổ sung thêm và o giữa hai dấu gách chéo /~/ xác định cách các Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong được vẽ. Ngoà i ra, \Xy-pic cung cấp nhiá»u cách khác nhau để tác Ä‘á»™ng đến việc vẽ các Ä‘Æ°á»ng cong. Äể biết thêm chi tiết, bạn có thể tham khảo thêm tà i liệu của \Xy-pic. + +% Local Variables: +% TeX-master: "lshort2e" +% mode: latex +% coding: utf-8 +% End: diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/lshort-print-vi.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/lshort-print-vi.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a4c424ef077 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/lshort-print-vi.tex @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +\def\printversion{true} +\input lshort-vi.tex diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/lshort-vi.sty b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/lshort-vi.sty new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0b3be510750 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/lshort-vi.sty @@ -0,0 +1,257 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Contents: Special Commands for the LShort2e Introduction +% $Id: lshort.sty,v 1.2 2003/03/19 20:57:45 oetiker Exp $ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% By Tobias Oetiker +% Some changes by Han The Thanh +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +%\errorcontextlines=10 + +%save pageref an label +\let\lsspageref\pageref +\ProvidesPackage{lshort} +\RequirePackage[utf8]{inputenc} +\RequirePackage[english,frenchb,german,vietnam]{babel} +\RequirePackage{mflogo} +\RequirePackage{verbatim} +\RequirePackage{fancyhea} +\RequirePackage{calc} +\RequirePackage{amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb} +\RequirePackage[all]{xy} +% \RequirePackage[T1]{fontenc} +\RequirePackage{type1cm}% remove size restrictions +%\RequirePackage{aeguill} +% some packages which draw a euro +\RequirePackage{textcomp} +% need some magic here to keep the original definition of rightarrow +\newcommand{\org@Rightarrow}{} +\let\org@Rightarrow\Rightarrow +\usepackage{marvosym} +\let\MVRightarrow\Rightarrow +\let\Rightarrow\org@Rightarrow +%%%% +\RequirePackage[gen]{eurosym} +\RequirePackage{eurosans} +\let\EUROSANS\euro +\RequirePackage{eurofont}% à la place d'europs (conflit de nom) +\RequirePackage{url} +% Lets have some nice headings +% +\pagestyle{fancyplain} +\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{#1}{}} +\renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{\markright{\thesection{} #1}} +\lhead[\fancyplain{}{\bfseries\thepage}] + {\fancyplain{}{\bfseries\rightmark}} +\rhead[\fancyplain{}{\bfseries\leftmark}] + {\fancyplain{}{\bfseries\thepage}} +\cfoot[]{} +\addtolength{\headheight}{1.6pt} +% +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Adapted from TeX FAQ +\renewcommand{\Email}{\begingroup \def\UrlLeft{<}\def\UrlRight{>} \urlstyle{tt}\Url} % email address +\def\mailto|#1|{\href{mailto:#1}{\Email|#1|}} % url to mail somewhere +\newcommand{\CTANref}{\begingroup \urlstyle{tt}\Url} % +\def\CTAN|#1|{\href{ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/#1}{\CTANref|CTAN:/tex-archive/#1|}} +\newcommand\Newsgroup{\begingroup \urlstyle{tt}\Url} % newsgroup +\let\URL\url % just a URL + +\newcommand{\PSi}{\textsc{PostScript}\index{PostScript@\textsc{PostScript}}} +\newcommand{\EPSi}{Encapsulated \textsc{PostScript}% +\index{Encapsulated PostScript@Encapsulated \textsc{PostScript}}% +\index{PostScript@\textsc{PostScript}!Encapsulated}% +} + +% Earlier paragraphs were separated by some space +% +%\setlength{\parindent}{0pt} +%\setlength{\parskip}{1.5ex plus 0.7ex minus 0.6ex} + +\newcommand{\manual}{\emph{\LaTeX{} Manual}~\cite{manual}} +\newcommand{\companion}{\emph{The \LaTeX{} Companion}~\cite{companion}} +\newcommand{\guide}{\emph{Local Guide}~\cite{local}} +\newcommand{\contrib}[3]{#1\quad\mailto|#2|{\small\\\quad\textit{#3}}\\[1ex]} +% +% Some commands for helping with INDEX creation +% +\newcommand{\bs}{\symbol{'134}}%Print backslash +%\newcommand{\bs}{\ensuremath{\mathtt{\backslash}}}%Print backslash +% Index entry for a command (\cih for hidden command index +\newcommand{\eei}[1]{% +\index{extension!\texttt{#1}}\texttt{#1}} +% probably add handling of period like handling of \ in \ci +\newcommand{\fni}[1]{% +\index{font!#1@\texttt{\bs#1}}% +\index{#1@\texttt{\hspace*{-1.2ex}\bs #1}}\texttt{\bs #1}} +\newcommand{\cih}[1]{% +\index{commands!#1@\texttt{\bs#1}}% +\index{#1@\texttt{\hspace*{-1.2ex}\bs #1}}} +\newcommand{\ci}[1]{\cih{#1}\texttt{\bs #1}} +%Package +\newcommand{\paih}[1]{% +\index{packages!#1@\textsf{#1}}% +\index{#1@\textsf{#1}}} +\newcommand{\pai}[1]{% +\paih{#1}\textsf{#1}} +% Index entry for an environment +\newcommand{\ei}[1]{% +\index{environments!\texttt{#1}}% +\index{#1@\texttt{#1}}% +\texttt{#1}} +% Indexentry for a word (Word inserted into the text) +\newcommand{\wi}[1]{\index{#1}#1} +% +% Typesetting Commands +% +\newenvironment{lscommand}% + {\nopagebreak\par\small\addvspace{3.2ex plus 0.8ex minus 0.2ex}% + \vskip -\parskip + \noindent% + \begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline\rule{0pt}{1em}\ignorespaces}% + {\\\hline\end{tabular}\par\nopagebreak\addvspace{3.2ex plus 0.8ex + minus 0.2ex}% + \vskip -\parskip} +% +% Type setting Code Fragments +% +\newenvironment{code}{\begin{quote}}{\end{quote}} +% +% Intro Environment +\newenvironment{intro}{\sffamily}{\vspace*{2ex minus 1.5ex}} +% +\newcommand{\secby}[2]{\nopagebreak\par\addvspace{-1.5ex}% + \vskip -\parskip\noindent{\footnotesize By #1 \mailto|#2|}\par\nopagebreak% + \addvspace{1ex plus 0.8ex minus 0.2ex}% + \vskip -\parskip\noindent\ignorespaces} +% +% propper bookmark entries in pdftex + +\ifx\hypersetup\undefined\else +\pdfstringdefDisableCommands{\edef\ci{\textbackslash}}% +\pdfstringdefDisableCommands{\edef\sim{\textasciitilde}}% +\pdfstringdefDisableCommands{\edef\circ{\textdegree}}% +\pdfstringdefDisableCommands{\edef\ldots{... }}% +\fi + +%\noindent\addvspace{1ex}\small #1 $<$\texttt{#2}$>$\par\addvspace{2ex}\noindnet\ignorespaces} +% +% +% Symbol Entry for Math Symbol Tables +% +\newcommand{\X}[1]{$#1$&\texttt{\string#1}\hspace*{1ex}} +% normal text .... +\newcommand{\SC}[1]{#1&\texttt{\string#1}\hspace*{1ex}} +% for accents in text mode +\newcommand{\A}[1]{#1&\texttt{\string#1}\hspace*{1ex}} +\newcommand{\B}[2]{#1#2&\texttt{\string#1{} #2}\hspace*{1ex}} + +\newcommand{\W}[2]{$#1{#2}$& + \texttt{\string#1}\texttt{\string{\string#2\string}}\hspace*{1ex}} +\newcommand{\Y}[1]{$\big#1$ &\texttt{\string#1}} % +% Mathsymbol Table +\newsavebox{\symbbox} +\newenvironment{symbols}[1]% +{\par\vspace*{2ex} +\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.1} +\begin{lrbox}{\symbbox} +\hspace*{4ex}\begin{tabular}{@{}#1@{}}}% +{\end{tabular}\end{lrbox}\makebox[\textwidth]{\usebox{\symbbox}}\par\medskip} +% +% Special Prep for AMS Symbols Printout +% Should work if AMS is not available +% + +%% we have no PS versions of the rsfs fonts ... so this is a nogo for pdf +%\ifx\HyPsd@pageref\undefined +\RequirePackage{mathrsfs} +%\fi +\RequirePackage{latexsym} +\RequirePackage[mathcal]{euscript} +% +% Print |--| to show a distance +% +\newcommand{\demowidth}[1]{\rule{0.3pt}{1.3ex}\rule{#1}{0.3pt}\rule{0.3pt}{1.3ex}} +% +% +% --- example ---- +% This is an environment to set LaTeX examples. +% On the left side the source text and on the +% right side the typeset text. +% +% \begin{example} +% \Large This is Large +% \end{example} +% This Part is stolen from the verbaim.sty by FMi +% +\newwrite\example@out +\newcounter{exacnt} +\setcounter{exacnt}{1} +\newlength{\savefboxrule} +\newlength{\savefboxsep} +\newlength{\outdent} +\setlength{\outdent}{2cm} +\addtolength{\headwidth}{\outdent} +\newenvironment{example}% +{\begingroup% Lets Keep the Changes Local + \@bsphack + \immediate\openout \example@out \jobname.exa + \let\do\@makeother\dospecials\catcode`\^^M\active + \def\verbatim@processline{% + \immediate\write\example@out{\the\verbatim@line}}% + \verbatim@start}% +{\immediate\closeout\example@out\@esphack\endgroup% + % + % And here comes my part. :- + % + \stepcounter{exacnt}% + \setlength{\parindent}{0pt}% + \par\addvspace{3.0ex plus 0.8ex minus 0.5ex}\vskip -\parskip +% Page \lsspageref{exa:\theexacnt} +\expandafter\ifx\csname r@exa\theexacnt\endcsname\relax\else +%\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined % We're not running pdftex +% \ifodd\lsspageref{exa\theexacnt}\hspace*{0pt}\else\hspace*{-\outdent}\fi% +%\else +%% HyPsd@pageref internal hyperref command v6.69c + \ifodd\HyPsd@pageref{exa\theexacnt}\hspace*{0pt}\else\hspace*{-\outdent}\fi% +%\fi +\fi +\makebox[\textwidth][l]{% +%\raisebox{-\height}[0pt][\totalheight]{% + \begin{minipage}[c]{0.5\outdent+0.46\textwidth-3mm}% + \small\verbatiminput{\jobname.exa} + \end{minipage}% + %}% + \hspace{5mm}% + \setlength{\savefboxrule}{\fboxrule}% + \setlength{\fboxrule}{0.1pt}% + \setlength{\savefboxsep}{\fboxsep}% + \setlength{\fboxsep}{3mm}% + % \raisebox{-\height}[0pt][\totalheight]{% + \fbox{% + \begin{minipage}{0.5\outdent+0.54\textwidth-3.5mm-2\fboxrule-2\fboxsep}% + \setlength{\fboxrule}{\savefboxrule}% + \setlength{\fboxsep}{\savefboxsep}% + \setlength{\fboxrule}{0.5pt}% + \setlength{\parskip}{1ex plus 0.4ex minus 0.2ex}% + \begin{trivlist}\item\small\input{\jobname.exa} + \end{trivlist} + \end{minipage} + }% +% }% +}\label{exa\theexacnt}% +\par\addvspace{3ex plus 0.8ex minus 0.5ex}\vskip -\parskip +} + +\newenvironment{lined}[1]% + {\begin{center}\begin{minipage}{#1}\hrule\medskip} + {\vspace{-1ex}\hrule \end{minipage}\end{center}} +% I want no headers on pages created by clearpage + +\renewcommand{\cleardoublepage} + {\clearpage\if@twoside \ifodd\c@page\else + \hbox{}\thispagestyle{empty}\newpage\if@twocolumn\hbox{}\newpage\fi\fi\fi} + +\let\iei=\relax +\let\fei=\relax +\def\Ams{AMS} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/lssym.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/lssym.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9c52ff4b76e --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/lssym.tex @@ -0,0 +1,332 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Contents: TeX and LaTeX and AMS symbols for Maths +% $Id: lssym.tex,v 1.1.1.1 2002/02/26 10:04:21 oetiker Exp $ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +\section{Danh sách các kà hiệu toán há»c}\label{symbols} + +Các bảng sau đây trình bà y tất cả các kà hiệu thông thÆ°á»ng có thể sá» dụng trong \emph{chế Ä‘á»™ soạn thảo toán há»c}. + +Äể sá» dụng các kà hiệu được liệt kê ở bảng~\ref{AMSD}--\ref{AMSNBR}\footnote{các bảng sau được trÃch từ \texttt{symbols.tex} được soạn bởi David~Carlisle và sau đó được thay đổi nhiá»u theo sá»± gợi ý của Josef~Tkadlec.}, thì bạn cần phải Ä‘Æ°a gói \pai{amssymb} và o tà i liệu ở phần tá»±a Ä‘á» của tà i liệu và các font chữ AMS dà nh cho toán há»c phải được cà i sẵn trên máy. Nếu gói AMS và các font chữ chÆ°a được cà i đặt thì bạn có thể tải vỠở địa chỉ \texttt{CTAN:/tex-archive/macros/latex/required/amslatex}. Bạn cÅ©ng có thể tải vá» má»™t danh sách chi tiết hÆ¡n vá» các kà hiệu tại địa chỉ \texttt{CTAN:info/symbols/comprehensive}. + +\begin{table}[!htb] +\caption{Các dấu trá»ng âm trong chế Ä‘á»™ soạn thảo toán há»c.} +\label{mathacc} +\begin{symbols}{*4{cl}} +\W{\hat}{a} & \W{\check}{a} & \W{\tilde}{a} & \W{\acute}{a} \\ +\W{\grave}{a} & \W{\dot}{a} & \W{\ddot}{a} & \W{\breve}{a} \\ +\W{\bar}{a} &\W{\vec}{a} &\W{\widehat}{A}&\W{\widetilde}{A}\\ +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!htb] +\caption{Các chữ cái Hy Lạp viết thÆ°á»ng.} +\begin{symbols}{*4{cl}} + \X{\alpha} & \X{\theta} & \X{o} & \X{\upsilon} \\ + \X{\beta} & \X{\vartheta} & \X{\pi} & \X{\phi} \\ + \X{\gamma} & \X{\iota} & \X{\varpi} & \X{\varphi} \\ + \X{\delta} & \X{\kappa} & \X{\rho} & \X{\chi} \\ + \X{\epsilon} & \X{\lambda} & \X{\varrho} & \X{\psi} \\ + \X{\varepsilon}& \X{\mu} & \X{\sigma} & \X{\omega} \\ + \X{\zeta} & \X{\nu} & \X{\varsigma} & & \\ + \X{\eta} & \X{\xi} & \X{\tau} +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!tb] +\caption{Các chữ cái Hy Lạp viết hoa.} +\begin{symbols}{*4{cl}} + \X{\Gamma} & \X{\Lambda} & \X{\Sigma} & \X{\Psi} \\ + \X{\Delta} & \X{\Xi} & \X{\Upsilon} & \X{\Omega} \\ + \X{\Theta} & \X{\Pi} & \X{\Phi} +\end{symbols} +\end{table} +\clearpage + +\begin{table}[!htb] +\caption{Quan hệ hai ngôi.} +\bigskip +Bạn có thể có được các kà hiệu ngược lại tÆ°Æ¡ng ứng vá»›i các kà hiệu +ở đây bằng cách thêm và o tiá»n tố \ci{not} trÆ°á»›c lệnh tÆ°Æ¡ng ứng. +\begin{symbols}{*3{cl}} + \X{<} & \X{>} & \X{=} \\ + \X{\leq}or \verb|\le| & \X{\geq}or \verb|\ge| & \X{\equiv} \\ + \X{\ll} & \X{\gg} & \X{\doteq} \\ + \X{\prec} & \X{\succ} & \X{\sim} \\ + \X{\preceq} & \X{\succeq} & \X{\simeq} \\ + \X{\subset} & \X{\supset} & \X{\approx} \\ + \X{\subseteq} & \X{\supseteq} & \X{\cong} \\ + \X{\sqsubset}$^a$ & \X{\sqsupset}$^a$ & \X{\Join}$^a$ \\ + \X{\sqsubseteq} & \X{\sqsupseteq} & \X{\bowtie} \\ + \X{\in} & \X{\ni}, \verb|\owns| & \X{\propto} \\ + \X{\vdash} & \X{\dashv} & \X{\models} \\ + \X{\mid} & \X{\parallel} & \X{\perp} \\ + \X{\smile} & \X{\frown} & \X{\asymp} \\ + \X{:} & \X{\notin} & \X{\neq}or \verb|\ne| +\end{symbols} +\centerline{\footnotesize $^a$Sá» dụng gói \textsf{latexsym} để sá» +dụng các kà hiệu nà y} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!htb] +\caption{Các toán tá» hai ngôi.} +\begin{symbols}{*3{cl}} + \X{+} & \X{-} & & \\ + \X{\pm} & \X{\mp} & \X{\triangleleft} \\ + \X{\cdot} & \X{\div} & \X{\triangleright}\\ + \X{\times} & \X{\setminus} & \X{\star} \\ + \X{\cup} & \X{\cap} & \X{\ast} \\ + \X{\sqcup} & \X{\sqcap} & \X{\circ} \\ + \X{\vee}, \verb|\lor| & \X{\wedge}, \verb|\land| & \X{\bullet} \\ + \X{\oplus} & \X{\ominus} & \X{\diamond} \\ + \X{\odot} & \X{\oslash} & \X{\uplus} \\ + \X{\otimes} & \X{\bigcirc} & \X{\amalg} \\ + \X{\bigtriangleup} &\X{\bigtriangledown}& \X{\dagger} \\ + \X{\lhd}$^a$ & \X{\rhd}$^a$ & \X{\ddagger} \\ + \X{\unlhd}$^a$ & \X{\unrhd}$^a$ & \X{\wr} +\end{symbols} + +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Các toán tá» lá»›n.} +\begin{symbols}{*4{cl}} + \X{\sum} & \X{\bigcup} & \X{\bigvee} & \X{\bigoplus}\\ + \X{\prod} & \X{\bigcap} & \X{\bigwedge} &\X{\bigotimes}\\ + \X{\coprod} & \X{\bigsqcup} & & & \X{\bigodot} \\ + \X{\int} & \X{\oint} & & & \X{\biguplus} +\end{symbols} + +\end{table} + + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Các dấu mÅ©i tên.} +\begin{symbols}{*3{cl}} + \X{\leftarrow}or \verb|\gets|& \X{\longleftarrow} & \X{\uparrow} \\ + \X{\rightarrow}or \verb|\to|& \X{\longrightarrow} & \X{\downarrow} \\ + \X{\leftrightarrow} & \X{\longleftrightarrow}& \X{\updownarrow} \\ + \X{\Leftarrow} & \X{\Longleftarrow} & \X{\Uparrow} \\ + \X{\Rightarrow} & \X{\Longrightarrow} & \X{\Downarrow} \\ + \X{\Leftrightarrow} & \X{\Longleftrightarrow}& \X{\Updownarrow} \\ + \X{\mapsto} & \X{\longmapsto} & \X{\nearrow} \\ + \X{\hookleftarrow} & \X{\hookrightarrow} & \X{\searrow} \\ + \X{\leftharpoonup} & \X{\rightharpoonup} & \X{\swarrow} \\ + \X{\leftharpoondown} & \X{\rightharpoondown} & \X{\nwarrow} \\ + \X{\rightleftharpoons} & \X{\iff}(bigger spaces)& \X{\leadsto}$^a$ + +\end{symbols} +\centerline{\footnotesize $^a$Sá» dụng gói \textsf{latexsym} để sá» +dụng các kà hiệu nà y} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Các dấu ngoặc.}\label{tab:delimiters} +\begin{symbols}{*4{cl}} + \X{(} & \X{)} & \X{\uparrow} & \X{\Uparrow} \\ + \X{[}or \verb|\lbrack| & \X{]}or \verb|\rbrack| & \X{\downarrow} & \X{\Downarrow} \\ + \X{\{}or \verb|\lbrace| & \X{\}}or \verb|\rbrace| & \X{\updownarrow} & \X{\Updownarrow}\\ + \X{\langle} & \X{\rangle} & \X{|}or \verb|\vert| &\X{\|}or \verb|\Vert|\\ + \X{\lfloor} & \X{\rfloor} & \X{\lceil} & \X{\rceil} \\ + \X{/} & \X{\backslash} & &. (cả hai Ä‘á»u trống) +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Các dấu ngoặc lá»›n.} +\begin{symbols}{*4{cl}} + \Y{\lgroup} & \Y{\rgroup} & \Y{\lmoustache} & \Y{\rmoustache} \\ + \Y{\arrowvert} & \Y{\Arrowvert} & \Y{\bracevert} +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Các kà hiệu khác.} +\begin{symbols}{*4{cl}} + \X{\dots} & \X{\cdots} & \X{\vdots} & \X{\ddots} \\ + \X{\hbar} & \X{\imath} & \X{\jmath} & \X{\ell} \\ + \X{\Re} & \X{\Im} & \X{\aleph} & \X{\wp} \\ + \X{\forall} & \X{\exists} & \X{\mho}$^a$ & \X{\partial} \\ + \X{'} & \X{\prime} & \X{\emptyset} & \X{\infty} \\ + \X{\nabla} & \X{\triangle} & \X{\Box}$^a$ & \X{\Diamond}$^a$ \\ + \X{\bot} & \X{\top} & \X{\angle} & \X{\surd} \\ +\X{\diamondsuit} & \X{\heartsuit} & \X{\clubsuit} & \X{\spadesuit} \\ + \X{\neg}or \verb|\lnot| & \X{\flat} & \X{\natural} & \X{\sharp} + +\end{symbols} +\centerline{\footnotesize $^a$Sá» dụng gói \textsf{latexsym} để sá» +dụng các kà hiệu nà y.} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Các kà hiệu thông thÆ°á»ng.} +\bigskip +These symbols can also be used in text mode. +\begin{symbols}{*4{cl}} + \SC{\dag} & \SC{\S} & \SC{\copyright} & \SC{\textregistered} \\ + \SC{\ddag} & \SC{\P} & \SC{\pounds} & \SC{\%} \\ +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + +% +% +% If the AMS Stuff is not available, we drop out right here :-) +% + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Các dấu ngoặc theo AMS.}\label{AMSD} +\bigskip +\begin{symbols}{*4{cl}} +\X{\ulcorner}&\X{\urcorner}&\X{\llcorner}&\X{\lrcorner}\\ +\X{\lvert}&\X{\rvert}&\X{\lVert}&\X{\rVert} +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Chữ cái Hy Lạp và Do Thái theo AMS.} +\begin{symbols}{*5{cl}} +\X{\digamma} &\X{\varkappa} & \X{\beth}& \X{\daleth} &\X{\gimel} +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Quan hệ hai ngôi theo AMS.} +\begin{symbols}{*3{cl}} + \X{\lessdot} & \X{\gtrdot} & \X{\doteqdot}or \verb|\Doteq| \\ + \X{\leqslant} & \X{\geqslant} & \X{\risingdotseq} \\ + \X{\eqslantless} & \X{\eqslantgtr} & \X{\fallingdotseq} \\ + \X{\leqq} & \X{\geqq} & \X{\eqcirc} \\ + \X{\lll}or \verb|\llless| & \X{\ggg}or \verb|\gggtr| & \X{\circeq} \\ + \X{\lesssim} & \X{\gtrsim} & \X{\triangleq} \\ + \X{\lessapprox} & \X{\gtrapprox} & \X{\bumpeq} \\ + \X{\lessgtr} & \X{\gtrless} & \X{\Bumpeq} \\ + \X{\lesseqgtr} & \X{\gtreqless} & \X{\thicksim} \\ + \X{\lesseqqgtr} & \X{\gtreqqless} & \X{\thickapprox} \\ + \X{\preccurlyeq} & \X{\succcurlyeq} & \X{\approxeq} \\ + \X{\curlyeqprec} & \X{\curlyeqsucc} & \X{\backsim} \\ + \X{\precsim} & \X{\succsim} & \X{\backsimeq} \\ + \X{\precapprox} & \X{\succapprox} & \X{\vDash} \\ + \X{\subseteqq} & \X{\supseteqq} & \X{\Vdash} \\ + \X{\Subset} & \X{\Supset} & \X{\Vvdash} \\ + \X{\sqsubset} & \X{\sqsupset} & \X{\backepsilon} \\ + \X{\therefore} & \X{\because} & \X{\varpropto} \\ + \X{\shortmid} & \X{\shortparallel} & \X{\between} \\ + \X{\smallsmile} & \X{\smallfrown} & \X{\pitchfork} \\ + \X{\vartriangleleft} & \X{\vartriangleright} & \X{\blacktriangleleft}\\ + \X{\trianglelefteq} & \X{\trianglerighteq} &\X{\blacktriangleright} +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Các dấu mÅ©i tên theo AMS.} +\begin{symbols}{*3{cl}} + \X{\dashleftarrow} & \X{\dashrightarrow} & \X{\multimap} \\ + \X{\leftleftarrows} & \X{\rightrightarrows} & \X{\upuparrows} \\ + \X{\leftrightarrows} & \X{\rightleftarrows} & \X{\downdownarrows} \\ + \X{\Lleftarrow} & \X{\Rrightarrow} & \X{\upharpoonleft} \\ + \X{\twoheadleftarrow} & \X{\twoheadrightarrow} & \X{\upharpoonright} \\ + \X{\leftarrowtail} & \X{\rightarrowtail} & \X{\downharpoonleft} \\ + \X{\leftrightharpoons} & \X{\rightleftharpoons} & \X{\downharpoonright} \\ + \X{\Lsh} & \X{\Rsh} & \X{\rightsquigarrow} \\ + \X{\looparrowleft} & \X{\looparrowright} &\X{\leftrightsquigarrow}\\ + \X{\curvearrowleft} & \X{\curvearrowright} & & \\ + \X{\circlearrowleft} & \X{\circlearrowright} & & +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Quan hệ phủ định hai ngôi và các dấu mÅ©i tên theo +AMS.}\label{AMSNBR} +\begin{symbols}{*3{cl}} + \X{\nless} & \X{\ngtr} & \X{\varsubsetneqq} \\ + \X{\lneq} & \X{\gneq} & \X{\varsupsetneqq} \\ + \X{\nleq} & \X{\ngeq} & \X{\nsubseteqq} \\ + \X{\nleqslant} & \X{\ngeqslant} & \X{\nsupseteqq} \\ + \X{\lneqq} & \X{\gneqq} & \X{\nmid} \\ + \X{\lvertneqq} & \X{\gvertneqq} & \X{\nparallel} \\ + \X{\nleqq} & \X{\ngeqq} & \X{\nshortmid} \\ + \X{\lnsim} & \X{\gnsim} & \X{\nshortparallel} \\ + \X{\lnapprox} & \X{\gnapprox} & \X{\nsim} \\ + \X{\nprec} & \X{\nsucc} & \X{\ncong} \\ + \X{\npreceq} & \X{\nsucceq} & \X{\nvdash} \\ + \X{\precneqq} & \X{\succneqq} & \X{\nvDash} \\ + \X{\precnsim} & \X{\succnsim} & \X{\nVdash} \\ + \X{\precnapprox} & \X{\succnapprox} & \X{\nVDash} \\ + \X{\subsetneq} & \X{\supsetneq} & \X{\ntriangleleft} \\ + \X{\varsubsetneq} & \X{\varsupsetneq} & \X{\ntriangleright} \\ + \X{\nsubseteq} & \X{\nsupseteq} & \X{\ntrianglelefteq}\\ + \X{\subsetneqq} & \X{\supsetneqq} &\X{\ntrianglerighteq}\\[0.5ex] + \X{\nleftarrow} & \X{\nrightarrow} & \X{\nleftrightarrow}\\ + \X{\nLeftarrow} & \X{\nRightarrow} & \X{\nLeftrightarrow} + +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Các toán tá» nhị pháºn theo AMS.} +\begin{symbols}{*3{cl}} + \X{\dotplus} & \X{\centerdot} & \X{\intercal} \\ + \X{\ltimes} & \X{\rtimes} & \X{\divideontimes} \\ + \X{\Cup}or \verb|\doublecup|& \X{\Cap}or \verb|\doublecap|& \X{\smallsetminus} \\ + \X{\veebar} & \X{\barwedge} & \X{\doublebarwedge}\\ + \X{\boxplus} & \X{\boxminus} & \X{\circleddash} \\ + \X{\boxtimes} & \X{\boxdot} & \X{\circledcirc} \\ + \X{\leftthreetimes} & \X{\rightthreetimes}& \X{\circledast} \\ + \X{\curlyvee} & \X{\curlywedge} & +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Các kà hiệu khác theo AMS.} +\begin{symbols}{*3{cl}} + \X{\hbar} & \X{\hslash} & \X{\Bbbk} \\ + \X{\square} & \X{\blacksquare} & \X{\circledS} \\ + \X{\vartriangle} & \X{\blacktriangle} & \X{\complement} \\ + \X{\triangledown} &\X{\blacktriangledown} & \X{\Game} \\ + \X{\lozenge} & \X{\blacklozenge} & \X{\bigstar} \\ + \X{\angle} & \X{\measuredangle} & \X{\sphericalangle} \\ + \X{\diagup} & \X{\diagdown} & \X{\backprime} \\ + \X{\nexists} & \X{\Finv} & \X{\varnothing} \\ + \X{\eth} & \X{\mho} & +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + + + +\begin{table}[!tbp] +\caption{Các kiểu chữ cái trong toán.} +\begin{symbols}{@{}*3l@{}} +Và dụ& Lệnh &Gói lệnh cần dùng\\ +\hline +\rule{0pt}{1.05em}$\mathrm{ABCdef}$ + & \verb|\mathrm{ABCdef}| + & \\ +$\mathit{ABCdef}$ + & \verb|\mathit{ABCdef}| + & \\ +$\mathnormal{ABCdef}$ + & \verb|\mathnormal{ABCdef}| + & \\ +$\mathcal{ABC}$ + & \verb|\mathcal{ABC}| + & \pai{euscript} vá»›i tuỳ chá»n \texttt{mathcal} \\ +$\mathscr{ABC}$ + &\verb|\mathscr{ABC}| + &\pai{mathrsfs}\\ +$\mathfrak{ABCdef}$ + & \verb|\mathfrak{ABCdef}| + &\pai{eufrak} \\ +$\mathbb{ABC}$ + & \verb|\mathbb{ABC}| + &\pai{amsfonts} hay \textsf{amssymb} \\ +\end{symbols} +\end{table} + +\endinput + +% +% Local Variables: +% TeX-master: "lshort2e" +% mode: latex +% coding: utf-8 +% End:
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/math.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/math.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c6885e1884c --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/math.tex @@ -0,0 +1,552 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Contents: Math typesetting with LaTeX +% $Id: math.tex,v 1.2 2003/03/19 20:57:46 oetiker Exp $ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +\chapter{Soạn thảo các công thức toán há»c} +\begin{intro} +Bây giá» bạn đã sẵn sà ng! Trong chÆ°Æ¡ng nà y bạn sẽ bị ``hút hồn'' vá»›i tÃnh năng ``siêu việt'' của \TeX{}: soạn thảo tà i liệu Toán há»c. Tuy nhiên, chÆ°Æ¡ng nà y chỉ cung cấp cho bạn những kiến thức cÆ¡ bản nhất. Äối vá»›i má»™t số ngÆ°á»i dùng thì những kiến thức ở đây sẽ không đủ để soạn thảo các công thức toán phức tạp nhÆ°ng đừng nản chà bởi vì bạn có thể tham khảo thêm trong \AmS-\LaTeX{}% + \footnote{The \emph{American Mathematical Society} đã Ä‘Æ°a ra những gói mở rá»™ng rất mạnh cho \LaTeX{}. Rất nhiá»u và dụ trong phần nà y sá» dụng đến các phần mở rá»™ng đó. Tất cả các phần mở rá»™ng nà y Ä‘á»u được cung cấp kèm vá»›i các phiên bản \TeX{}. Ngoà i ra bạn có thể tải vỠở địa chỉ \texttt{CTAN:/tex-archive/macros/latex/required/amslatex}.}. +\end{intro} + +\section{Tổng quan} +\LaTeX{} định nghÄ©a má»™t chế Ä‘á»™ đặc biệt để soạn thảo các \wi{công thức toán há»c}. Các công thức toán nà y có thể được Ä‘Æ°a và o ngay trong môi trÆ°á»ng văn bản hay ta có thể tách rá»i chúng khá»i các Ä‘oạn văn. Phần ná»™i dung \emph{toán há»c} \emph{trong} Ä‘oạn văn có thể được soạn thảo ở giữa dấu \ci{(} và \ci{)} hay \texttt{\$} và \texttt{\$}, hay \verb|\begin{|\ei{math}\verb|}| và \verb|\end{math}|.\index{formulae} +\begin{example} +Cá»™ng $a$ bình phÆ°Æ¡ng +vá»›i $b$ bình phÆ°Æ¡ng +được $c$ bình phÆ°Æ¡ng. Ta +có thể viết dÆ°á»›i dạng +công thức là : $c^{2} = a^{2}+b^{2}$ +\end{example} + +\begin{example} +\TeX{} được phát âm là +\(\tau\epsilon\chi\).\\[6pt] +100~m$^{3}$ nÆ°á»›c.\\[6pt] +Tình yêu xuất phát từ +\begin{math} +\heartsuit +\end{math}. +\end{example} + +Nếu muốn biên soạn các công thức, phÆ°Æ¡ng trình lá»›n tách rá»i khá»i Ä‘oạn văn bản, bạn có thể biên soạn chúng trong cặp ngoặc \ci{[} và \ci{]} hay giữa \verb|\begin{|\ei{displaymath}\verb|}| và \verb|\end{displaymath}| mà không phải ngắt Ä‘oạn văn Ä‘ang soạn thảo ra là m nhiá»u phần. + +\begin{example} +Cá»™ng $a$ bình phÆ°Æ¡ng vá»›i +$b$ bình phÆ°Æ¡ng được $c$ +bình phÆ°Æ¡ng. Ta +có thể viết lại dÆ°á»›i dạng +công thức là : +\begin{displaymath} +c^{2}=a^{2}+b^{2} +\end{displaymath} +Hay ta có thể viết: \[c=a+b\] +\end{example} +Môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{equation} sẽ giúp bạn đánh số các phÆ°Æ¡ng trình. Bên cạnh đó bạn có thể đánh dấu phÆ°Æ¡ng trình vá»›i lệnh \ci{label} và tham chiếu đến nó bằng lệnh \ci{ref} hay \ci{eqref} trong gói \pai{amslatex}. + +\begin{example} +\begin{equation} \label{eq:eps} +\epsilon > 0 +\end{equation} +Từ bất phÆ°Æ¡ng trình (\ref{eq:eps}), +chúng ta có thể suy ra rằng +\ldots Äồng thá»i từ +\eqref{eq:eps} +chúng ta suy ra \ldots +\end{example} + +Bạn cần chú ý đến sá»± khác nhau vá» kết quả biên soạn của công thức trong chế Ä‘á»™ soạn thảo toán há»c và trong chế Ä‘á»™ hiển thị toán há»c (\ei{displaymath}) . + +\begin{example} +$\lim_{n \to \infty} +\sum_{k=1}^n \frac{1}{k^2} += \frac{\pi^2}{6}$ +\end{example} +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\lim_{n \to \infty} +\sum_{k=1}^n \frac{1}{k^2} += \frac{\pi^2}{6} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +Bạn sẽ thấy rằng có nhiá»u sá»± khác biệt giữa \emph{chế Ä‘á»™ soạn thảo toán há»c} và \emph{chế Ä‘á»™ soạn thảo văn bản}. DÆ°á»›i đây là má»™t số thuá»™c tÃnh cÆ¡ bản của \emph{môi trÆ°á»ng toán há»c}: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Các khoảng trắng và ký tá»± xuống hà ng không có ý nghÄ©a quan trá»ng: hầu hết các khoảng trắng Ä‘á»u bắt nguồn từ logic của biểu thức toán há»c hay được xác định thông qua các lệnh nhÆ°: \ci{,} , \ci{quad} +hay \ci{qquad}. + +\item Không được phép có các hà ng trắng. Má»—i công thức sẽ nằm trên má»™t Ä‘oạn văn. + +\item Má»—i kà tá»± Ä‘á»u được xem là tên của biến. Nếu bạn muốn soạn thảo văn bản thông thÆ°á»ng bên trong má»™t công thức, bạn phải sá» dụng lệnh \verb|\textrm{...}| (xem thêm phần \ref{sec:fontsz} ở trang \pageref{sec:fontsz}). +\end{enumerate} + +\begin{example} +\begin{equation} +\forall x \in \mathbf{R}: +\qquad x^{2} \geq 0 +\end{equation} +\end{example} +\begin{example} +\begin{equation} +x^{2} \geq 0\qquad +\textrm{vá»›i má»i }x\in\mathbf{R} +\end{equation} +\end{example} + +Các nhà toán há»c thÆ°á»ng đòi há»i nghiêm ngặt vá» việc dùng đúng các kà hiệu. Do đó, việc sá» dụng quy Æ°á»›c vá» việc `\wi{in +Ä‘áºm}',\index{in Ä‘áºm} thông qua việc sá» dụng \ci{mathbb} từ gói \pai{amsfonts} hay \pai{amssymb} là rất hữu Ãch. + +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +x^{2} \geq 0\qquad \textrm{vá»›i má»i } +x\in\mathbb{R} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +% \fi + +\section{Gá»™p nhóm các công thức} +Hầu hết các lệnh trong chế Ä‘á»™ soạn thảo công thức toán há»c chỉ có tác dụng đối vá»›i kà tá»± kế tiếp do đó trong trÆ°á»ng hợp bạn muốn nó có tác dụng đối vá»›i nhiá»u kà tá»±, bạn có thể nhóm chúng trong dấu ngoặc: \verb|{...}|. + +\begin{example} +\begin{equation} +a^x+y \neq a^{x+y} +\end{equation} +\end{example} + +\section{Xây dá»±ng khối các công thức toán há»c} +Mục nà y sẽ giá»›i thiệu các công thức quan trá»ng được sá» dụng để soạn thảo các công thức toán. Hãy tham khảo thêm mục~\ref{symbols} ở trang~\pageref{symbols} để biết thêm chi tiết vá» danh mục các lệnh há»— trợ soạn thảo công thức toán há»c. + +\textbf{\wi{Các chữ cái Hy lạp}} viết thÆ°á»ng được nháºp và o nhÆ° sau: +\verb|\alpha|, \verb|\beta|, \verb|\gamma|, \ldots, còn các chữ cái viết hoa thì được nháºp nhÆ° sau: \verb|\Gamma|, \verb|\Delta|, \ldots \footnote{Không có kà hiệu Alpha viết hoa trong \LaTeXe{} bởi vì nó trông giống nhÆ° chữ A ở dạng font roman. Khi việc định nghÄ©a các kà kiệu má»›i hoà n tất thì má»i việc sẽ thay đổi.} + +\begin{example} +$\lambda,\xi,\pi,\mu,\Phi,\Omega$ +\end{example} +\textbf{Số mÅ©} và \textbf{chỉ số} được nháºp và o bằng cách sá» dụng các kà tá»±: \verb|^|\index{^@\verb"|^"|} và \verb|_|\index{_@\verb"|_"|}. +\begin{example} +$a_{1}$ \qquad $x^{2}$ \qquad +$e^{-\alpha t}$ \qquad +$a^{3}_{ij}$\\ +$e^{x^2} \neq {e^x}^2$ +\end{example} + +Dấu \textbf{\wi{căn báºc hai}} được nháºp và o thông qua lệnh \ci{sqrt}. Äối vá»›i dấu căn báºc $n$ thì ta có thể nháºp +và o nhÆ° sau: \verb|\sqrt[|$n$\verb|]|. KÃch thÆ°á»›c của dấu căn sẽ được xác định bởi \LaTeX{}. Trong trÆ°á»ng hợp bạn chỉ muốn hiển thị kà hiệu khai căn (không có Ä‘Æ°á»ng kẻ trên đầu), bạn có thể sá» dụng lệnh: \verb|\surd|. +\begin{example} +$\sqrt{x}$ \qquad +$\sqrt{ x^{2}+\sqrt{y} }$ +\qquad $\sqrt[3]{2}$\\[3pt] +$\surd[x^2 + y^2]$ +\end{example} +Lệnh \ci{overline} và \ci{underline} sẽ trá»±c tiếp tạo ra các \textbf{hà ng ngang} phÃa trên hay phÃa dÆ°á»›i công thức.\index{nằm ngang!ngoặc} +\begin{example} +$\overline{a+b}$ +\end{example} +Lệnh \ci{overbrace} và \ci{underbrace} sẽ tạo ra những \textbf{dấu ngoặc} dà i nằm dÆ°á»›i hay nằm trên biểu thức toán há»c.\index{nằm ngang!ngoặc} +\begin{example} +$\underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z }_{26}$ +\end{example} + +\index{toán há»c!dấu mÅ©} Äể thêm các dấu mÅ© và o trong công thức toán nhÆ° dấu mÅ©i tên nhá» hay \wi{dấu ngã}, bạn cần sá» dụng các lệnh trong bảng~\ref{mathacc} ở trang \pageref{mathacc}. Äể thá»±c hiện việc Ä‘Æ°a và o các dấu mÅ© trên nhiá»u kà tá»±, bạn có thể sá» dụng lệnh sau: \ci{widetilde} và \ci{widehat}. Dấu \verb|'|\index{'@\verb"|'"|} sẽ xuất ra dấu phẩy phÃa trên. +% a dash is -- +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +y=x^{2}\qquad y'=2x\qquad y''=2 +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Các \textbf{vectors}\index{vectors} có thể được soạn thảo bằng cách đặt thêm má»™t \wi{dấu mÅ©i tên} nhỠở phÃa trên của biến. Lệnh \ci{vec} sẽ đảm nhiệm việc nà y. Ngoà i ra, lệnh \ci{overrightarrow} và \ci{overleftarrow} sẽ há»— trợ bạn soạn thảo các vector từ má»™t Ä‘iểm $A$ đến Ä‘iểm $B$. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\vec a\quad\overrightarrow{AB} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +Thông thÆ°á»ng thì bạn sẽ không soạn thảo má»™t cách trá»±c tiếp dấu chấm thay cho dấu nhân. Tuy nhiên, đôi khi ta cÅ©ng nên viết và o để tránh là m rối mắt ngÆ°á»i Ä‘á»c. Khi nà y, bạn nên sá» dụng lệnh \ci{cdot}. + +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +v = {\sigma}_1 \cdot {\sigma}_2 + {\tau}_1 \cdot {\tau}_2 +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +Tên của các hà m nhÆ° hà m log thÆ°á»ng được soạn thảo ở dạng font thẳng đứng chứ không phải dạng in nghiêng nhÆ° định dạng của các biến. \LaTeX{} cung cấp má»™t số lệnh để soạn thảo các hà m phổ biến nhÆ°:\index{toán há»c!hà m} + +\begin{tabular}{lllllll} +\ci{arccos} & \ci{cos} & \ci{csc} & \ci{exp} & \ci{ker} & \ci{limsup} & \ci{min} \\ +\ci{arcsin} & \ci{cosh} & \ci{deg} & \ci{gcd} & \ci{lg} & \ci{ln} & \ci{Pr} \\ +\ci{arctan} & \ci{cot} & \ci{det} & \ci{hom} & \ci{lim} & \ci{log} & \ci{sec} \\ +\ci{arg} & \ci{coth} & \ci{dim} & \ci{inf} & \ci{liminf} & \ci{max} & \ci{sin} \\ +\ci{sinh} & \ci{sup} & \ci{tan} & \ci{tanh}\\ +\end{tabular} + +\begin{example} +\[\lim_{x \rightarrow 0} +\frac{\sin x}{x}=1\] +\end{example} +Äể soạn thảo \wi{hà m đồng dÆ°}, ta có thể sá» dụng hai lệnh \ci{bmod} để soạn thảo toán tá» nhị phân ``$a \bmod b$'' và +\ci{pmod} đối vá»›i các biểu thức nhÆ° ``$x\equiv a \pmod{b}$''. + +\begin{example} +$a\bmod b$\\ +$x\equiv a \pmod{b}$ +\end{example} +Äể soạn thảo \textbf{\wi{phân số}}, ta sá» dụng lệnh sau: \ci{frac}\verb|{...}{...}|. + +Thông thÆ°á»ng thì ngÆ°á»i ta thÃch nháºp và o dạng $1/2$ bởi vì nó sẽ trông đẹp hÆ¡n đối vá»›i tà i liệu chỉ có má»™t và i phân số. +\begin{example} +$1\frac{1}{2}$~tiếng +\begin{displaymath} +\frac{ x^{2} }{ k+1 }\qquad +x^{ \frac{2}{k+1} }\qquad +x^{ 1/2 } +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Äể soạn thảo các hệ số của nhị thức hay các cấu trúc tÆ°Æ¡ng tá»±, bạn có thể sá» dụng lệnh \ci{binom} trong gói \pai{amsmath}. + +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\binom{n}{k}\qquad\mathrm{C}_n^k +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Äối vá»›i các quan hệ nhị phân thì việc sá» dụng các kà hiệu chồng lên nhau tá» ra rất hiệu quả. Lệnh \ci{stackrel} đặt tham số thứ nhất lên trên tham số thứ hai. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\int f_N(x) \stackrel{!}{=} 1 +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Bạn có thể dùng lệnh \ci{int} soạn thảo \textbf{toán tá» tÃch phân}, lệnh \ci{sum} để soạn thảo \textbf{\wi{toán tá» tÃnh tổng}} và lệnh \ci{prod} để soạn thảo \textbf{\wi{toán tá» tÃnh tÃch}}. Cáºn trên và cáºn dÆ°á»›i sẽ được soạn thông qua lệnh~\verb|^| và ~\verb|_| tÆ°Æ¡ng tá»± nhÆ° việc soạn chỉ số trên/dÆ°á»›i.\index{superscript}\footnote{\Ams-\LaTeX{} mở rá»™ng việc soạn chỉ số trên nhiá»u hà ng.} +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\sum_{i=1}^{n} \qquad +\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \qquad +\prod_\epsilon +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +%\begin{center} +%\begin{tabular}[!htb]{|c|c|} +%\hline +%Kà hiệu & Lệnh \\ +%\hline +%\wi{TÃch phân} & \ci{int} \\ +%\wi{Tổng} & \ci{sum} \\ +%\wi{TÃch} & \ci{prod}\\ +%\hline +%\end{tabular} +%\end{center} + +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\sum_{i=1}^{n} \qquad +\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \qquad +\prod_\epsilon +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Gói \pai{amsmath} cÅ©ng cung cấp hai công cụ để tăng khả năng Ä‘iá»u khiển việc nháºp các biểu thức có hệ thống chỉ số phức tạp là \ci{substack} và môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{subarray}. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\sum_{\substack{0<i<n \\ 1<j<m}} + P(i,j) = +\sum_{\begin{subarray}{l} i\in I\\ + 1<j<m + \end{subarray}} Q(i,j) +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +\medskip + +Ngoà i ra, \TeX{} còn cung cấp các dạng kà hiệu khác cho \textbf{\wi{dấu ngoặc}} và các \wi{kà hiệu giá»›i hạn} khác nhÆ° +là : $[\;\langle\;\|\;\updownarrow$). Dấu ngoặc tròn hay ngoặc vuông có thể được nháºp và o vá»›i các phÃm thÃch hợp. Äối vá»›i dấu ngoặc móc (\{), ta sá» dụng lệnh \verb|\{|. Còn các kà hiệu giá»›i hạn khác Ä‘á»u phải sá» dụng lệnh (nhÆ° là ~\verb|\updownarrow|). Hãy tham khảo thêm bảng~\ref{tab:delimiters} ở trang \pageref{tab:delimiters} để biết thêm vá» danh sách các kà hiệu giá»›i hạn có sẵn. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +{a,b,c}\neq\{a,b,c\} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Lệnh \ci{left} và \ci{right} sẽ tá»± Ä‘á»™ng xác định kÃch thÆ°á»›c của dấu ngoặc sao cho phù hợp vá»›i kÃch thÆ°á»›c của biểu thức. LÆ°u ý rằng các lệnh \ci{left} và \ci{right} phải Ä‘i thà nh từng cặp (có nghÄ©a là sau khi mở ngoặc thì bạn phải đóng ngoặc cho phù hợp). Trong tình huống bạn không muốn dấu đóng ngoặc phÃa bên phải thì bạn có thể dùng lệnh \ci{right.} để đóng ngoặc nhÆ°ng không hiển thị kà hiệu đóng ngoặc. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +1 + \left( \frac{1}{ 1-x^{2} } + \right) ^3 +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Tuy nhiên, trong má»™t số tình huống soạn thảo, bạn sẽ cần phải tá»± xác định kÃch thÆ°á»›c của các dấu ngoặc\index{toán há»c!dấu ngoặc}. Äiá»u nà y được thá»±c hiện bởi các lệnh \ci{big}, \ci{Big}, \ci{bigg} và \ci{Bigg} nhÆ° là má»™t tiá»n tố của các lệnh soạn thảo dấu ngoặc.\footnote{Các lệnh nà y có thể hoạt Ä‘á»™ng không nhÆ° dá»± Ä‘inh khi mà các lệnh thay đổi kÃch thÆ°á»›c khác nhÆ° \texttt{11pt} hay \texttt{12pt} đã được gá»i. Trong tình huống nà y, bạn có thể sá» dụng gói lệnh \pai{exscale} hay \pai{amsmath} để khắc phục.} + +\begin{example} +$\Big( (x+1) (x-1) \Big) ^{2}$\\ +$\big(\Big(\bigg(\Bigg($\quad +$\big\}\Big\}\bigg\}\Bigg\}$\quad +$\big\|\Big\|\bigg\|\Bigg\|$ +\end{example} + +Äể thêm \textbf{\wi{dấu ba chấm}} và o má»™t công thức, bạn có thể sá» dụng nhiá»u lệnh khác nhau. Trong đó, lệnh \ci{ldots} sẽ xuất ra các dấu chấm nằm sát phÃa dÆ°á»›i của hà ng; lệnh \ci{cdots} sẽ xuất chúng ra ở giữa hà ng; lệnh \ci{vdots} sẽ xuất chúng theo chiá»u dá»c và lệnh \ci{ddots} sẽ xuất chúng theo hÆ°á»›ng Ä‘Æ°á»ng chéo.\index{ba chấm chéo}\index{hà ng ngang!ba chấm}. Hãy tham khảo thêm các và dụ trong mục~\ref{sec:vert} để biết thêm chi tiết. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +x_{1},\ldots,x_{n} \qquad +x_{1}+\cdots+x_{n} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +\section{Các khoảng trắng trong công thức toán} + +\index{toán há»c!khoảng trắng} Nếu việc tá»± Ä‘á»™ng sắp xếp các khoảng trắng trong công thức của \TeX{} không đáp ứng đúng yêu cầu định dạng của bạn, bạn có thể thay đổi chúng bằng cách thêm và o các lệnh xá» lý khoảng trắng đặc biệt. Bảng dÆ°á»›i đây liệt kê thông tin vá» các lệnh qui định khoảng trắng trong công thức toán. + +\begin{center} +\begin{tabular}[!htbp]{|p{4.5cm}|p{6cm}|} +\hline +Lệnh & KÃch thÆ°á»›c\\ +\hline +\ci{,} & $\rightarrow\demowidth{0.166em}\leftarrow$\\ +\ci{:} & $\rightarrow\demowidth{0.222em}\leftarrow$\\ +\ci{;} & $\rightarrow\demowidth{0.277em}\leftarrow$\\ +\verb*.\ . & $\rightarrow\demowidth{1em}\leftarrow$\\ +\ci{qquad} & $\rightarrow\demowidth{2em}\leftarrow$\\ +\ci{quad} & KÃch thÆ°á»›c sẽ tÆ°Æ¡ng ứng vá»›i chữ M trong +font chữ hiện tại\\ +\hline +\end{tabular} +\end{center} + +Lệnh \ci{!} sẽ tạo ra khoảng trắng rất phù hợp trÆ°á»›c dấu `-' đối +vá»›i các số âm. + +\begin{example} +\newcommand{\ud}{\mathrm{d}} +\begin{displaymath} +\int\!\!\!\int_{D} g(x,y) + \, \ud x\, \ud y +\end{displaymath} +thay vì +\begin{displaymath} +\int\int_{D} g(x,y)\ud x \ud y +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +LÆ°u ý rằng kà tá»± `d' trong công thức liên quan đến đạo hà m thì được định dạng ở kiểu roman. + +\AmS-\LaTeX{} còn cung cấp thêm má»™t phÆ°Æ¡ng pháp khác để tinh chỉnh các khoảng cách giữa các kà hiệu tÃch phân là \ci{iint}, \ci{iiint} và \ci{idotsint}. Khi bạn sá» dụng gói \pai{amsmath} thì bạn có thể soạn thảo nhÆ° sau: +\begin{example} +\newcommand{\ud}{\mathrm{d}} +\begin{displaymath} +\iint_{D} \, \ud x \, \ud y +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Bạn có thể tham khảo thêm tà i liệu testmath.tex (được cung cấp chúng vá»›i gói \pai{amsmath} do \AmS-\LaTeX{} cung cấp) hay chÆ°Æ¡ng 8 trong~\companion để biết thêm chi tiết. + +\section{Gióng theo cá»™t}\label{sec:vert} +Môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{array} sẽ cung cấp cho bạn khả năng soạn thảo \textbf{các mảng}. Môi trÆ°á»ng nà y là m việc tÆ°Æ¡ng tá»± nhÆ° môi trÆ°á»ng \texttt{bảng}. Lệnh \verb|\\| được dùng để ngắt hà ng. + +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\mathbf{X} = +\left( \begin{array}{ccc} +x_{11} & x_{12} & \ldots \\ +x_{21} & x_{22} & \ldots \\ +\vdots & \vdots & \ddots +\end{array} \right) +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Môi trÆ°á»ng nà y cÅ©ng có thể được dùng để soạn thảo các biểu thức chỉ gồm má»™t dấu ngoặc lá»›n bên trái, không có dấu đóng ngoặc bên phải nhá» và o lệnh \verb|\right.| . + +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +y = \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} + a & \textrm{nếu $d>c$}\\ + b+x & \textrm{nếu Ä‘i chÆ¡i và o + buổi sáng}\\ + l & \textrm{cả ngà y} + \end{array} \right. +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Các lệnh vẽ hà ng ngang, hà ng dá»c trong môi trÆ°á»ng \pai{tabular} cÅ©ng được sá» dụng trong môi trÆ°á»ng nà y. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\left(\begin{array}{c|c} + 1 & 2 \\ +\hline +3 & 4 +\end{array}\right) +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +Äối vá»›i các công thức nhiá»u hà ng (nhÆ° là \wi{hệ phÆ°Æ¡ng trình}), bạn có thể sá» dụng môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{eqarray} và \verb|eqnarray*| thay cho môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{equation}. Trong môi trÆ°á»ng \texttt{eqarray} thì má»—i hà ng (tÆ°Æ¡ng ứng là má»™t phÆ°Æ¡ng trình) Ä‘á»u được đánh số. Tuy nhiên, môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{eqarray*} sẽ không đánh số các phÆ°Æ¡ng trình. + +Môi trÆ°á»ng \ei{eqnarray} và \ei{eqnarray*} hoạt Ä‘á»™ng tÆ°Æ¡ng tá»± nhÆ° má»™t bảng gồm 3 cá»™t vá»›i định dạng là \verb|{rcl}|, trong đó, cá»™t ở giữa có thể được dùng để xuất dấu bằng ``=''. Lệnh \verb|\\| có tác dụng xuống hà ng. +\begin{example} +\begin{eqnarray} +f(x) & = & \cos x \\ +f'(x) & = & -\sin x \\ +\int_{0}^{x} f(y)dy & + = & \sin x +\end{eqnarray} +\end{example} +Nếu chú ý bạn sẽ thấy rằng khoảng cách của hai vế vá»›i dấu ``='' là khá lá»›n. Ta có thể giảm khoảng cách nà y xuống vá»›i lệnh +\verb|\setlength\arraycolsep{2pt}|. + +\index{các phÆ°Æ¡ng trình dà i}\textbf{Các phÆ°Æ¡ng trình dà i} sẽ không được tá»± Ä‘á»™ng chia ra là m các Ä‘oạn nhá». NgÆ°á»i soạn thảo phải xác định vị trà xuống hà ng và chúng phải được thụt và o bao nhiêu. DÆ°á»›i đây là hai phÆ°Æ¡ng pháp để thá»±c hiện Ä‘iá»u nà y: +\begin{example} +{\setlength\arraycolsep{2pt} +\begin{eqnarray} +\sin x & = & x -\frac{x^{3}}{3!} + + \frac{x^{5}}{5!}-{} + \nonumber \\ + & & {}-\frac{x^{7}}{7!}+{}\cdots +\end{eqnarray}} +\end{example} + +\begin{example} +\begin{eqnarray} +\lefteqn{ \cos x = 1 + -\frac{x^{2}}{2!} +{} } + \nonumber\\ + & & {}+\frac{x^{4}}{4!} + -\frac{x^{6}}{6!}+{}\cdots +\end{eqnarray} +\end{example} + +\noindent Lệnh \ci{nonumber} yêu cầu \LaTeX{} không đánh số phÆ°Æ¡ng trình. + +Vá»›i các phÆ°Æ¡ng pháp nà y, ta có thể soạn thảo các phÆ°Æ¡ng trình được gióng theo cá»™t. Ngoà i ra, gói \pai{amsmath} cÅ©ng cung cấp má»™t táºp các lệnh hiệu quả để thá»±c hiện việc nà y\footnote{Hãy xem thêm thông tin chi tiết vá» các môi trÆ°á»ng \textrm{align, flalign, gather, multiline và split}}. + +\section{Các khoảng trống thay cho phần văn bản} +Chúng ta không thể thấy phần ná»™i dung là tham số của lệnh \textbf{phantom} tuy nhiên phần ná»™i dung nà y vẫn được sắp chữ trong tà i liệu. Chúng ta có thể dá»±a và o đây để có được má»™t số thủ thuáºt soạn thảo rất thú vị. + +Khi chúng ta soạn thảo các chỉ số trên và dÆ°á»›i vá»›i các lệnh nhÆ° \verb|^| và \verb|_|, chúng ta có đã được kết quả rất đẹp mắt nhÆ°ng đôi khi chúng ta muốn bổ sung thêm má»™t Ãt để có được kết quả tốt nhất. Lệnh \ci{phantom} là má»™t lệnh rất hiệu quả trong việc cải thiện kết quả trình bà y của các công thức. Lệnh nà y có chức năng là dà nh ra má»™t số khoảng trắng theo yêu cầu. + +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +{}^{12}_{\phantom{1}6}\textrm{C} +\qquad \textrm{so vá»›i} \qquad +{}^{12}_{6}\textrm{C} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\Gamma_{ij}^{\phantom{ij}k} \qquad +\textrm{so vá»›i} \qquad +\Gamma_{ij}^{k} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +\section[KÃch thÆ°á»›c của các font chữ]{KÃch thÆ°á»›c của các font chữ há»— trợ soạn thảo tà i liệu Toán há»c}\label{sec:fontsz} +\index{kÃch thÆ°á»›c font chữ} Trong chế Ä‘á»™ soạn thảo công thức toán há»c, \TeX{} sẽ tá»± Ä‘á»™ng chá»n kÃch thÆ°á»›c của font chữ tuỳ thuá»™c và o ngữ cảnh. Và dụ nhÆ° đối vá»›i các chỉ số trên hay chỉ số dÆ°á»›i thì \LaTeX{} sẽ tá»± Ä‘á»™ng soạn thảo vá»›i kiểu chữ nhá» hÆ¡n. Khi bạn muốn soạn thảo má»™t phÆ°Æ¡ng trình ở kiểu chữ roman thì bạn không nên dùng lệnh \verb|\textrm| bởi vì lệnh nà y sẽ là m cho cÆ¡ chế thay đổi kÃch thÆ°á»›c font chữ má»™t cách tá»± Ä‘á»™ng cho phù hợp vá»›i ngữ cảnh của \LaTeX{} không là m việc bởi vì lênh \verb|textrm| sẽ tạm thá»i chuyển môi trÆ°á»ng toán há»c hiện tại sang môi trÆ°á»ng soạn thảo văn bản. Bạn cần lÆ°u ý rằng lệnh \ci{mathrm} sẽ \emph{chỉ} là m việc tốt vá»›i những phần văn bản ngắn. Lệnh \ci{mathrm} sẽ không có tác dụng đối vá»›i các khoảng trắng và các kà tá»± có dấu.\footnote{Gói \pai{amsmath} của \AmS-\LaTeX{} cho phép lệnh \ci{textrm} là m việc vá»›i văn bản đã được thay đổi kÃch thÆ°á»›c.} + +\begin{example} +\begin{equation} 2^{\textrm{nd}} +\quad 2^{\mathrm{nd}} +\end{equation} +\end{example} +Äôi khi bạn cần yêu cầu \LaTeX{} thay đổi kÃch thÆ°á»›c font chữ cho phù hợp. Trong chế Ä‘á»™ soạn thảo tà i liệu Toán há»c, bạn có thể sá» dụng 4 lệnh sau: +\begin{flushleft} +\ci{displaystyle}~($\displaystyle 123$), + \ci{textstyle}~($\textstyle 123$), +\ci{scriptstyle}~($\scriptstyle 123$) and +\ci{scriptscriptstyle}~($\scriptscriptstyle 123$). +\end{flushleft} + +Việc thay đổi kiểu định dạng cÅ©ng sẽ ảnh hưởng đến cách hiển thị các kà hiệu giá»›i hạn. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\mathop{\mathrm{corr}}(X,Y)= + \frac{\displaystyle + \sum_{i=1}^n(x_i-\overline x) + (y_i-\overline y)} + {\displaystyle\biggl[ + \sum_{i=1}^n(x_i-\overline x)^2 +\sum_{i=1}^n(y_i-\overline y)^2 +\biggr]^{1/2}} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +\noindent đây là má»™t trong các và dụ cần phải sá» dụng các dấu ngoặc lá»›n thay cho các dấu ngoặc bình thÆ°á»ng vá»›i lệnh +\verb|\left[\right]|. + +\section{Äịnh lý, định luáºt, \ldots} +Khi soạn thảo các tà i liệu Toán há»c, bạn sẽ cần phải soạn thảo các ``bổ Ä‘á»'', ``định nghÄ©a'', ``tiên Ä‘á»'' và các cấu trúc tÆ°Æ¡ng tá»±. \LaTeX{} sẽ há»— trợ bạn vá»›i lệnh sau: +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{newtheorem}\verb|{|\emph{name}\verb|}[|\emph{counter}\verb|]{|% + \emph{text}\verb|}[|\emph{section}\verb|]| +\end{lscommand} +Tham số \emph{name} là má»™t từ khoá ngắn để xác định ``định lý''. Tham số \emph{text} sẽ cho phép ta xác định tên gá»i của ``định lý'' (đây là tên của định lý trong bản in). + +Các tham số trong dấu ngoặc vuông là tuỳ chá»n. Chúng được sá» dụng để xác định việc đánh số cho ``định lý''. Tham số \emph{counter} sẽ giúp xác định tham số \emph{name} của ``định lý'' đã được khai báo. Khi nà y ``định lý'' má»›i sẽ được đánh số theo cùng má»™t chuá»—i. Tham số \emph{section} cho phép bạn xác định cách đánh số ``định lý''. + +Sau khi gá»i lệnh \ci{newtheorem} trong phần tá»±a Ä‘á» của tà i liệu, bạn có thể gá»i tiếp các lệnh sau ở trong phần thân của tà i liệu: +\begin{code} +\verb|\begin{|\emph{name}\verb|}[|\emph{text}\verb|]|\\ +Äây là má»™t định lý rất thú vị\\ +\verb|\end{|\emph{name}\verb|}| +\end{code} +Phần nà y chÃnh là phần chi tiết của định lý. DÆ°á»›i đây là má»™t và dụ +cụ thể, nó sẽ giúp bạn hiểu được rõ hÆ¡n vá» môi trÆ°á»ng định lý nà y. +\begin{example} +% definitions for the document +% preamble +\newtheorem{law}{Law} +\newtheorem{jury}[law]{Jury} +%in the document +\begin{law} \label{law:box} +Xin chà o các bạn!!! +\end{law} +\begin{jury}[Thứ 12] +Có lẽ tôi đã gặp bạn. Hãy tham +khảo thêm +phần~\ref{law:box}\end{jury} +\begin{law} +Äúng, đúng, đúng +\end{law} +\end{example} +Äịnh lý ``Jury'' sá» dụng chung bá»™ đếm nhÆ° định lý ``Law''. Do đó, +định lý nà y sẽ được đánh số theo nhÆ° chuá»—i đánh số của định lý +trong hệ thống các định lý nhÆ° ``Law''. +\begin{example} +\flushleft +\newtheorem{mur}{Murphy}[section] +\begin{mur} +Nếu có hai hay nhiá»u +cách hÆ¡n để là m má»™t +Ä‘iá»u gì đó và hÆ¡n nữa má»™t +trong các cách nà y có +thể gây ra các thảm hoạ +thì sẽ có má»™t ngÆ°á»i +nà o đó sẵn lòng là m nó. +\end{mur} +\end{example} +Trong và dụ trên, định lý ``Murphy'' sẽ được đánh số theo mục hiện +tại. Ngoà i cách chá»n tham số là \emph{section} nhÆ° trên, ta có thể +chá»n các tham số khác nhÆ° \emph{chapter} hay \emph{subsection}. + +\section{Các ký hiệu in Ä‘áºm} +\index{kà hiệu in Ä‘áºm} Trong \LaTeX{}, việc soạn thảo các kà hiệu in Ä‘áºm là tÆ°Æ¡ng đối khó khăn; có lẽ đây là chủ ý của \LaTeX{} bởi vì những ngÆ°á»i soạn thảo nghiệp dÆ° rất dá»… lạm dụng chức năng nà y. Lệnh thay đổi font chữ nhÆ° \verb|\mathbf| sẽ xuất ra các kà tá»± Ä‘áºm; tuy nhiên lệnh nà y sẽ đổi kiểu font chữ sang dạng roman trong khi các kà hiệu toán há»c thÆ°á»ng được viết nghiêng. Ngoà i ra, ta còn có lệnh \ci{boldmath} nhÆ°ng lệnh nà y chỉ có tác dụng \emph{bên ngoà i} môi +trÆ°á»ng toán há»c. Nó cÅ©ng có tác dụng vá»›i các kà hiệu. +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\mu, M \qquad \mathbf{M} \qquad +\mbox{\boldmath $\mu, M$} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} + +\noindent Nếu chú ý bạn sẽ thấy rằng dấu phẩy lại trở nên quá Ä‘áºm và điá»u nà y là không cần thiết. + +Gói \pai{amsbsy} (có trong bá»™ \pai{amsmath}) cÅ©ng nhÆ° gói \pai{bm} trong bá»™ công cụ sẽ há»— trợ việc định dạng nà y vá»›i lệnh \ci{boldsymbol}. + +\ifx\boldsymbol\undefined\else +\begin{example} +\begin{displaymath} +\mu, M \qquad +\boldsymbol{\mu}, \boldsymbol{M} +\end{displaymath} +\end{example} +\fi + +% Local Variables: +% TeX-master: "lshort2e" +% mode: latex +% coding: utf-8 +% End: diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/mylayout.sty b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/mylayout.sty new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7f1779e0bbf --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/mylayout.sty @@ -0,0 +1,355 @@ +%% +%% This is file `mylayout.sty', generated +%% on <1995/7/3> with the docstrip utility (2.2i). +%% +%% The original source files were: +%% +%% layout.dtx (with options: `package') +%% +%% IMPORTANT NOTICE: +%% This file is part of the `tools' bundle +%% in the LaTeX2e distribution. +%% +%% You are not allowed to distribute this file. +%% For distribution of the original source see +%% the copyright notice in the source file, and +%% in the file readme.txt distributed with the +%% tools bundle. +%% +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e} +\ProvidesPackage{mylayout} + [1995/06/25 v1.1i + Show layout parameters] +\DeclareOption{dutch}{% + \def\Headertext{Kopregel} + \def\Bodytext{Broodtekst} + \def\Footertext{Voetregel} + \def\MarginNotestext{Marge\\Notities} + \def\oneinchtext{een inch} + \def\notshown{niet getoond} + } +\DeclareOption{english}{% + \def\Headertext{Header} + \def\Bodytext{Body} + \def\Footertext{Footer} + \def\MarginNotestext{Margin\\Notes} + \def\oneinchtext{one inch} + \def\notshown{not shown} + } +\DeclareOption{french}{% + \def\Headertext{Ent\^{e}te} + \def\Bodytext{Corps} + \def\Footertext{Pied de page} + \def\MarginNotestext{Marge\\Notes} + \def\oneinchtext{un pouce} + \def\notshown{non affich\'{e}} + } +\DeclareOption{francais}{\ExecuteOptions{french}} +\DeclareOption{verbose}{\let\type\typeout} +\DeclareOption{silent}{\let\type\@gobble} +\def\lay@value{} +\DeclareOption{integers}{% + \renewcommand*{\lay@value}[2]{% + \expandafter\number\csname #1@#2\endcsname pt}} +\DeclareOption{reals}{% + \renewcommand*{\lay@value}[2]{\the\csname #2\endcsname}} +\ExecuteOptions{english,silent,integers} +\ProcessOptions +\@ifundefined{bs}{\newcommand\bs{\char '134 }}% + {\renewcommand\bs{\char '134 }} +\def\ConvertToCount#1#2{% + #1=#2 + \divide #1 by 65536} +\def\SetToHalf#1#2{#1=#2\relax\divide#1by\tw@} +\def\SetToQuart#1#2{#1=#2\relax\divide#1by4} +\def\Identify#1{% + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\circle{20}} + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\makebox(0,0){\tiny #1}} +} +\def\InsideHArrow#1{{% + \ArrowLength = #1 + \divide\ArrowLength by \tw@ + \advance\ArrowLength by -10 + \advance\PositionX by -10 + \ifnum\ArrowLength<\z@ + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\vector(1,0){-\ArrowLength}} + \advance\PositionX by 20 + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\vector(-1,0){-\ArrowLength}} + \else + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\vector(-1,0){\ArrowLength}} + \advance\PositionX by 20 + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\vector(+1,0){\ArrowLength}} + \fi +}} +\def\InsideVArrow#1{{% + \ArrowLength = #1 + \divide\ArrowLength by \tw@ + \advance\ArrowLength by -10 + \advance\PositionY by -10 + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\vector(0,-1){\ArrowLength}} + \advance\PositionY by 20 + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\vector(0,+1){\ArrowLength}} +}} +\def\OutsideHArrow#1#2#3{{% + \PositionX = #1 + \advance\PositionX by #3 + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\vector(-1,0){#3}} + \PositionX = #1 \advance\PositionX-#2 + \advance\PositionX by -#3 + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\vector(+1,0){#3}} +}} +\def\OutsideVArrow#1#2#3#4{{% + \PositionY = #1 + \advance\PositionY by -#3 + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\vector(0,+1){#3}} + \PositionY = #1 + \advance\PositionY#2 + \advance\PositionY#4 + \put(\PositionX,\PositionY){\vector(0,-1){#4}} +}} +\def\Show#1#2{\bs #2 = \lay@value{#1}{#2}} +\def\Type#1#2{% + \type{#2 = \lay@value{#1}{#2}}} +\newcount\oneinch +\oneinch=72 +\newcount\cnt@paperwidth +\newcount\cnt@paperheight +\ConvertToCount\cnt@paperwidth\paperwidth +\ConvertToCount\cnt@paperheight\paperheight +\newcount\cnt@hoffset +\newcount\cnt@voffset +\ConvertToCount\cnt@hoffset\hoffset +\ConvertToCount\cnt@voffset\voffset +\newcount\cnt@textheight +\newcount\cnt@textwidth +\ConvertToCount\cnt@textheight\textheight +\ConvertToCount\cnt@textwidth\textwidth +\newcount\cnt@topmargin +\newcount\cnt@oddsidemargin +\newcount\cnt@evensidemargin +\ConvertToCount\cnt@topmargin\topmargin +\ConvertToCount\cnt@oddsidemargin\oddsidemargin +\ConvertToCount\cnt@evensidemargin\evensidemargin +\newcount\cnt@headheight +\newcount\cnt@headsep +\ConvertToCount\cnt@headheight\headheight +\ConvertToCount\cnt@headsep\headsep +\newcount\cnt@marginparsep +\newcount\cnt@marginparwidth +\newcount\cnt@marginparpush +\ConvertToCount\cnt@marginparsep\marginparsep +\ConvertToCount\cnt@marginparwidth\marginparwidth +\ConvertToCount\cnt@marginparpush\marginparpush +\newcount\cnt@footskip +\ConvertToCount\cnt@footskip\footskip +\newcount\fheight +\fheight=12 +\newcount\ref@top +\ref@top=\cnt@paperheight \advance\ref@top by -\oneinch +\newcount\ref@hoffset +\newcount\ref@voffset +\ref@hoffset=\cnt@hoffset \advance\cnt@hoffset by \oneinch +\ref@voffset=\cnt@voffset +\cnt@voffset=\ref@top +\advance\cnt@voffset by -\ref@voffset +\newcount\ref@head +\ref@head=\ref@top + \advance\ref@head by -\ref@voffset + \advance\ref@head by -\cnt@topmargin + \advance\ref@head by -\cnt@headheight +\newcount\ref@body +\ref@body=\ref@head + \advance\ref@body by -\cnt@headsep + \advance\ref@body by -\cnt@textheight +\newcount\ref@foot + \ref@foot=\ref@body + \advance\ref@foot by -\cnt@footskip +\newcount\ref@margin +\newcount\ref@marginwidth +\newcount\ref@marginpar +\newcount\Interval +\newcount\ExtraYPos +\newcount\PositionX +\newcount\PositionY +\newcount\ArrowLength +\newcommand\layout{% + \@layout + \if@twoside + \@layout + \fi} +\newcommand\@layout{% + \thispagestyle{empty} + \if@twoside + \ifodd\count\z@ + \typeout{Two-sided document style, odd page.} + \ref@marginwidth=\cnt@oddsidemargin + \ref@marginpar=\oneinch + \advance\ref@marginpar by \ref@hoffset + \advance\ref@marginpar by \cnt@oddsidemargin + \ref@margin\ref@marginpar + \if@reversemargin + \advance\ref@marginpar by -\cnt@marginparsep + \advance\ref@marginpar by -\cnt@marginparwidth + \else + \advance\ref@marginpar by \cnt@textwidth + \advance\ref@marginpar by \cnt@marginparsep + \fi + \else + \typeout{Two-sided document style, even page.} + \ref@marginwidth=\cnt@evensidemargin + \ref@marginpar=\oneinch + \advance\ref@marginpar by \ref@hoffset + \advance\ref@marginpar by \cnt@evensidemargin + \ref@margin\ref@marginpar + \if@reversemargin + \advance\ref@marginpar by \cnt@textwidth + \advance\ref@marginpar by \cnt@marginparsep + \else + \advance\ref@marginpar by -\cnt@marginparsep + \advance\ref@marginpar by -\cnt@marginparwidth + \fi + \fi + \else + \typeout{One-sided document style.} + \ref@marginwidth=\cnt@oddsidemargin + \ref@marginpar=\oneinch + \advance\ref@marginpar by \ref@hoffset + \advance\ref@marginpar by \cnt@oddsidemargin + \ref@margin\ref@marginpar + \if@reversemargin + \advance\ref@marginpar by -\cnt@marginparsep + \advance\ref@marginpar by -\cnt@marginparwidth + \else + \advance\ref@marginpar by \cnt@textwidth + \advance\ref@marginpar by \cnt@marginparsep + \fi + \fi + \setlength{\unitlength}{.5pt} + \begin{picture}(\cnt@paperwidth,\cnt@paperheight) + \centering + \thicklines + \put(0,0){\framebox(\cnt@paperwidth,\cnt@paperheight){\mbox{}}} + \put(0,\cnt@voffset){\dashbox{10}(\cnt@paperwidth,0){\mbox{}}} + \put(\cnt@hoffset,0){\dashbox{10}(0,\cnt@paperheight){\mbox{}}} + \put(\ref@margin,\ref@head){% + \framebox(\cnt@textwidth,\cnt@headheight)% + {\footnotesize\Headertext}} + \put(\ref@margin,\ref@body){% + \framebox(\cnt@textwidth,\cnt@textheight){\Bodytext}} + \put(\ref@margin,\ref@foot){% + \framebox(\cnt@textwidth,\fheight){\footnotesize\Footertext}} + \put(\ref@marginpar,\ref@body){% + \framebox(\cnt@marginparwidth,\cnt@textheight)% + {\footnotesize\shortstack{\MarginNotestext}}} + \thinlines + \SetToHalf\PositionX\cnt@textwidth + \advance\PositionX by \ref@margin + \PositionY = \ref@body + \advance\PositionY by 50 + \Identify{8} + \InsideHArrow\cnt@textwidth + \SetToHalf\PositionY\cnt@textheight + \advance\PositionY by \ref@body + \PositionX = \cnt@textwidth + \divide\PositionX by 5 + \multiply \PositionX by 4 + \advance\PositionX by \ref@margin + \Identify{7} + \InsideVArrow\cnt@textheight + \PositionY = \ref@foot + \SetToHalf\PositionX\cnt@hoffset + \Identify{1} + \InsideHArrow\cnt@hoffset + \SetToQuart\PositionY\cnt@textheight + \advance\PositionY by \ref@body + \OutsideHArrow\ref@margin\ref@marginwidth{20} + \PositionX = \cnt@hoffset + \advance\PositionX by -30 + \Identify{3} + \SetToQuart\PositionY\cnt@textheight + \advance\PositionY by \ref@body + \advance\PositionY by 30 + \SetToHalf\PositionX\cnt@marginparwidth + \advance\PositionX by \ref@marginpar + \Identify{10} + \InsideHArrow\cnt@marginparwidth + \advance\PositionY by 30 + \if@twoside + \ifodd\count\z@ + \OutsideHArrow\ref@marginpar\cnt@marginparsep{20} + \PositionX = \ref@marginpar + \else + \OutsideHArrow\ref@margin\cnt@marginparsep{20} + \PositionX = \ref@margin + \fi + \else + \OutsideHArrow\ref@marginpar\cnt@marginparsep{20} + \PositionX = \ref@marginpar + \fi + \advance\PositionX by 30 + \Identify{9} + \PositionX = \cnt@textwidth + \divide\PositionX by 8 + \advance\PositionX by \ref@margin + \OutsideVArrow\ref@foot\cnt@footskip{20}{20} + \PositionY = \ref@foot + \advance\PositionY by -30 + \Identify{11} + \PositionX = \cnt@paperwidth + \advance\PositionX by -50 + \PositionY = \cnt@paperheight + \ExtraYPos = \PositionY + \advance\ExtraYPos by -\cnt@voffset + \advance\PositionY by \cnt@voffset + \divide\PositionY by \tw@ + \Identify{2} + \InsideVArrow\ExtraYPos + \Interval = \cnt@textwidth + \divide\Interval by 8 + \PositionX = \ref@margin + \advance\PositionX by \Interval + \Identify{4} + \ExtraYPos = \ref@head + \advance\ExtraYPos\cnt@headheight + \ArrowLength = \PositionY + \advance\ArrowLength-\ExtraYPos + \advance\ArrowLength-\cnt@topmargin + \advance\ArrowLength-10% + \OutsideVArrow\ExtraYPos\cnt@topmargin{20}{\ArrowLength} + \advance\PositionX by \Interval + \Identify{5} + \advance\ArrowLength\cnt@topmargin + \OutsideVArrow\ref@head\cnt@headheight{20}{\ArrowLength} + \advance\PositionX by \Interval + \Identify{6} + \advance\ArrowLength\cnt@headheight + \ExtraYPos=\ref@body + \advance\ExtraYPos\cnt@textheight + \OutsideVArrow\ExtraYPos\cnt@headsep{20}{\ArrowLength} + \end{picture} + + \medskip + \vtop to 0pt{% + \@minipagerestore\footnotesize\ttfamily + \begin{tabular}{@{}rl@{\hspace{20pt}}rl} + 1 & \oneinchtext\ + \bs\texttt{hoffset} & 2 & \oneinchtext\ + \bs\texttt{voffset} \\ + 3 & \Show{cnt}{oddsidemargin} & 4 & \Show{cnt}{topmargin} \\ + & or \bs\texttt{evensidemargin} & & \\ + 5 & \Show{cnt}{headheight} & 6 & \Show{cnt}{headsep} \\ + 7 & \Show{cnt}{textheight} & 8 & \Show{cnt}{textwidth} \\ + 9 & \Show{cnt}{marginparsep}&10& \Show{cnt}{marginparwidth} \\ + 11& \Show{cnt}{footskip} & & \Show{cnt}{marginparpush} + \rlap{(\notshown)}\\ + & \Show{ref}{hoffset} & & \Show{ref}{voffset} \\ + & \Show{cnt}{paperwidth} & & \Show{cnt}{paperheight} \\ + + \end{tabular}\vss} + \Type{ref}{hoffset} + \Type{ref}{voffset} + \Type{cnt}{textheight} + \Type{cnt}{textwidth} + \newpage +} +\endinput +%% +%% End of file `layout.sty'. diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/things.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/things.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6e173e44a7e --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/things.tex @@ -0,0 +1,617 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Contents: Things you need to know +% $Id: things.tex,v 1.2 2003/03/19 20:57:47 oetiker Exp $ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +\chapter{Những kiến thức cÆ¡ bản vá» \LaTeX{}} + +\begin{intro} + Phần đầu tiên của chÆ°Æ¡ng sẽ giá»›i thiệu má»™t cách ngắn gá»n sá»± ra Ä‘á»i + và quá trình phát triển của \LaTeXe{}. Phần hai sẽ táºp trung và o các + cấu trúc cÆ¡ bản của má»™t tà i liệu soạn thảo bằng \LaTeX{}. Sau khi + kết thúc chÆ°Æ¡ng nà y, các bạn sẽ có được những kiến thức căn bản vá» + cách thức là m việc của \LaTeX{} và điá»u nà y sẽ là má»™t ná»n tảng quan + trá»ng để bạn có thể hiểu kÄ© những chÆ°Æ¡ng sau. +\end{intro} + +\section{Tên gá»i của trò chÆ¡i} +\subsection{\TeX} \TeX{} là má»™t chÆ°Æ¡ng trình được thiết kế bởi +\index{Knuth, Donald E.} Donald E. Knuth \cite{texbook}. \TeX{} được +thiết kế nhằm phục vụ cho việc soạn thảo các văn bản thông thÆ°á»ng và +các công thức toán há»c. Knuth bắt đầu thiết kế công cụ sắp chữ \TeX{} +và o năm 1977 để khám phá tìm lá»±c của các thiết bị in ấn Ä‘iện tá» khi mà +nó bắt đầu xâm nháºp và o công nghệ in ấn lúc bấy giá». Ông hy vá»ng rằng +sẽ tránh được xu hÆ°á»›ng là m giảm chất lượng bản in, Ä‘iá»u mà các tà i +liệu của ông đã bị ảnh hưởng. \TeX{} nhÆ° chúng ta thấy ngà y nay được +phát hà nh và o năm 1982 cùng vá»›i má»™t số nâng cấp được bổ sung và o năm +1989 để há»— trợ tốt hÆ¡n cho các kà tá»± 8-bit và đa ngôn ngữ. \TeX{} đã +được cải tiến và trở nên cá»±c kỳ ổn định, có thể chạy trên các hệ thống +máy tÃnh khác nhau và gần nhÆ° là không có lá»—i. Các phiên bản của +\TeX{} Ä‘ang dần tiến đến số $\pi$ và phiên bản hiện nay là $3.141592$. + +\TeX{} được phát âm là ``Tech'', vá»›i ``ch'' nhÆ° trong từ +``Ach''\footnote{Trong tiếng Äức có hai cách phát âm đối vá»›i chữ + ``ch''. Má»™t trong hai cách nà y là âm ``ch'' trong chữ ``Pech'' và + cách Ä‘á»c nà y có vẻ phù hợp. Khi được há»i vè Ä‘iá»u nà y, Knuth đã trả + lá»i trong Wikipedia tiếng Äức nhÆ° sau: \emph{Tôi không bá»±c mình khi + má»i ngÆ°á»i phát âm \TeX{} theo cách riêng của há» \ldots{} và ở Äức + nhiá»u ngÆ°á»i phát âm chữ X bởi âm ch nhẹ vì nó theo sao nguyên âm e + chứ không phải ch mạnh khi nó theo sau nguyên âm a. Ở Nga, `tex' + là má»™t từ rất thông dụng và được phát âm là `tyekh'. Tuy nhiên + cách phát âm chÃnh xác nhất là ở Hy Lạp vì há» dùng âm ch mạnh + trong từ ach hay Loch.}} trong tiếng Äức hay từ ``Loch'' trong +tiếgn Scotland. ``ch'' bắt nguồn từ bảng chữ cái của tiếng Hy Lạp, +trong đó X là chữ ``ch'' hay ``chi''. Ngoà i ra \TeX{} còn là âm đầu +tiên của từ texnologia (technology) trong tiếng Hy Lạp. Trong môi +trÆ°á»ng văn bản thông thÆ°á»ng, \TeX{} được viết là \texttt{TeX}. + +\subsection{\LaTeX} \LaTeX{} là má»™t gói các táºp lệnh cho phép tác giả +có thể soạn thảo và in ấn tà i liệu của mình vá»›i chất lượng bản in cao +nhất thông qua việc sá» dụng các kiểu trình bà y chuyên nghiệp đã được +định nghÄ©a trÆ°á»›c. Ban đầu, \LaTeX{} được thiết kế bởi \index{Lamport, + Leslie} Leslie Lamport~\cite{manual}. \LaTeX{} sá» dụng bá»™ máy định +dạng \TeX{} để là m hạt nhân cÆ¡ bản phục vụ cho việc định dạng tà i +liệu. Ngà y nay, \LaTeX{} được duy trì và phát triển bởi má»™t nhóm những +ngÆ°á»i yêu thÃch và nghiên cứu vá» \TeX{}, đứng đầu là +\index{Mittlebach, Frank} Frank Mittlebach. + +%In 1994 the \LaTeX{} package was updated by the \index{LaTeX3@\LaTeX +% 3Ä\LaTeX 3 team, led by \index{Mittelbach, FrankÄFrank Mittelbach, +%to include some long-requested improvements, and to re\-unify all the +%patched versions which had cropped up since the release of +%\index{LaTeX 2.09@\LaTeX{} 2.09Ä\LaTeX{} 2.09 some years earlier. To +%distinguish the new version from the old, it is called \index{LaTeX +%2e@\LaTeXeÄ\LaTeXe. This documentation deals with \LaTeXe. These days you +%might be hard pressed to find the venerable \LaTeX{} 2.09 installed +%anywhere. + +\LaTeX{} được phát âm là ``Lay-tech'' hay là ``Lah-tech''. +\LaTeX{} trong môi trÆ°á»ng văn bản thông thÆ°á»ng được viết là +\texttt{LaTeX}. \LaTeXe{} được phát âm là ``Lay-tech two e'' và +viết là \texttt{LaTeX2e}. + +%Figureấ\ref{componentsÄ above % on page \pageref{componentsÄ +%shows how \TeX{} and \LaTeXe{Ä work together. This figure is taken from +%\texttt{wots.texÄ by Kees van der Laan. + +%\begin{figureÄ[btp] +%\begin{linedÄ{0.8\textwidthÄ +%\begin{centerÄ +%\input{kees.figÄ +%\end{centerÄ +%\end{linedÄ +%\caption{Components of a \TeX{} System.Ä \label{componentsÄ +%\end{figureÄ + +\section{Những Ä‘iá»u cÆ¡ bản} +\subsection{Tác giả, ngÆ°á»i trình bà y sách và ngÆ°á»i sắp chữ} TrÆ°á»›c +khi má»™t tác phẩm được in ấn, tác giả sẽ gá»i bản viết tay của mình +đến nhà xuất bản. Sau đó, ngÆ°á»i trình bà y sách sẽ quyết định việc +trình bà y tà i liệu (Ä‘á»™ rá»™ng của cá»™t, font chữ, khoảng cách giữa +các tiêu Ä‘á», ~\ldots). NgÆ°á»i trình bà y sách sẽ ghi lại những chỉ +dẫn định dạng của mình lên bản viết tay và đưa cho ngÆ°á»i thợ sắp +chữ, và ngÆ°á»i thợ nà y sẽ sắp chữ cho quyển sách theo những định +dạng được chỉ dẫn trên bản viết tay. + +NgÆ°á»i trình bà y sách phải cố gắng để tìm hiểu xem tác giả đã nghÄ© +gì khi viết bản viết thảo để có thể quyết định được những hình +thức định dạng phù hợp cho: tiêu Ä‘á», trÃch dẫn, và dụ, công thức, +\ldots~. Äây là công việc phải dá»±a nhiá»u và o kinh nghiệm và ná»™i dung của +bản thảo. + +Trong môi trÆ°á»ng \LaTeX{}, \LaTeX{} đóng vai trò là ngÆ°á»i trình bà y sách và sá» dụng \TeX{} nhÆ° là má»™t ngÆ°á»i thợ sắp chữ. Tuy nhiên, \LaTeX{} ``chỉ'' là má»™t chÆ°Æ¡ng trình máy tÃnh do đó nó phải được hÆ°á»›ng dẫn bởi ngÆ°á»i soạn thảo. NgÆ°á»i soạn thảo sẽ cung cấp thêm thông tin để mô tả cấu trúc logic của tác phẩm và thông tin nà y sẽ được viết và o văn bản dÆ°á»›i hình thức là các ``lệnh của \LaTeX{}.'' + +Äây chÃnh là má»™t trong những Ä‘iểm khác biệt lá»›n đối vá»›i các chÆ°Æ¡ng trình soạn thảo \wi{WYSIWYG}\footnote{What you see is what you get.} nhÆ° là : \emph{MS Word}, hay \emph{Corel WordPerfect}. Vá»›i các chÆ°Æ¡ng trình trên thì ngÆ°á»i soạn văn bản sẽ tÆ°Æ¡ng tác trá»±c tiếp vá»›i chÆ°Æ¡ng trình và há» sẽ thấy ngay kết quả của việc Ä‘inh dạng. Khi nà y, văn bản trên mà n hình sẽ phản ánh đúng vá»›i bản in. + +Khi sá» dụng \LaTeX{}, bạn không nhìn thấy bản in ngay khi soạn thảo. Tuy nhiên, sau khi biên dịch bạn có thể xem và sá»a đổi ná»™i dung trÆ°á»›c khi thá»±c hiện thao tác in ấn. + +\subsection{Trình bà y bản in} +Việc thiết kế bản in là má»™t công việc thủ công. Những ngÆ°á»i soạn văn bản không có khiếu trình bà y thÆ°á»ng mắc phải má»™t số lá»—i định dạng nghiêm trá»ng vì quan Ä‘iểm: ``Nếu má»™t tà i liệu trông sắc sảo thì nó đã được thiết kế tốt.'' Tuy nhiên các tà i liệu được in ấn là để Ä‘á»c chứ không phải để trÆ°ng bà y trong má»™t phòng triển lãm nghệ thuáºt. Do đó, tÃnh rõ rà ng, dá»… Ä‘á»c, dá»… hiểu phải được đặt lên hà ng đầu. Và dụ: + +\begin{itemize} +\item KÃch thÆ°á»›c của font chữ và việc đánh số tiêu Ä‘á» phải được chá»n má»™t cách hợp lý nhằm là m cho cấu trúc của các chÆ°Æ¡ng, mục trở nên rõ rà ng đối vá»›i ngÆ°á»i Ä‘á»c. +\item Chiá»u dà i của dòng văn bản phải đủ ngắn để không là m má»i mắt ngÆ°á»i Ä‘á»c; đồng thá»i, nó phải đủ dà i để có thể nằm vừa vặn trong trang giấy. Äiá»u nà y má»›i nghe qua ta thấy có vẻ mâu thuẫn nhÆ°ng đây chÃnh là má»™t yếu tố rất quan trá»ng quyết định đến tÃnh rõ rà ng và đẹp mắt của tà i liệu. +\end{itemize} + +Vá»›i các hệ soạn thảo \emph{WYSIWYG}, tác giả thÆ°á»ng tạo ra các tà i liệu sắc sảo, trông đẹp mắt nhÆ°ng lại không đảm bảo được tÃnh thống nhất trong định dạng các thà nh phần của tà i liệu. \LaTeX{} ngăn chặn những lá»—i nhÆ° thế bằng cách yêu cầu ngÆ°á»i soạn thảo phải định nghÄ©a \emph{cấu trúc logic} của tà i liệu. Sau đó, chÃnh \LaTeX{} sẽ lá»±a chá»n cách trình bà y tốt nhất. + +\subsection{Những Ä‘iểm mạnh và điểm yếu của \LaTeX{}} +Khi những ngÆ°á»i sá» dụng các phầm má»m \emph{WYSIWYG} và những ngÆ°á»i sá» dụng LaTeX{} gặp nhau, há» thÆ°á»ng tranh luáºn vá» ``những \emph{Ä‘iểm mạnh / Ä‘iểm yếu} của \LaTeX{} đối vá»›i các chÆ°Æ¡ng trình soạn thảo thông thÆ°á»ng'' và ngược lại. Cách tốt nhất mà bạn nên là m là đứng giữa và lắng nghe. Tuy nhiên, đôi lúc bạn sẽ không thể nà o đứng ngoà i được! + +\medskip\noindent DÆ°á»›i đây là má»™t số \emph{Ä‘iểm mạnh} của \LaTeX{}: + +\begin{itemize} +\item Các mô hình trình bà y bản in chuyên nghiệp đã có sẵn và điá»u nà y sẽ giúp cho tà i liệu do bạn soạn thảo trông tháºt chuyên nghiệp. +\item Việc soạn thảo các công thức toán há»c, kỹ thuáºt được há»— trợ đến tối Ä‘a. +\item NgÆ°á»i sá» dụng chỉ cần há»c má»™t số lệnh dá»… nhá»› để xác định cấu trúc logic của tà i liệu. NgÆ°á»i dùng gần nhÆ° không bao giá» cần phải suy nghÄ© nhiá»u đến việc trình bà y bản in vì công cụ sắp chữ \TeX{} đã là m việc nà y má»™t cách tá»± Ä‘á»™ng. +\item Ngay cả những cấu trúc phức tạp nhÆ° chú thÃch, tham chiếu, biểu bảng, mục lục, \ldots cÅ©ng được tạo má»™t cách dá»… dà ng. +\item Bạn có thể sá» dụng rất nhiá»u gói thêm và o (add-on package) miá»…n phà nhằm bổ sung những tÃnh năng mà \LaTeX{} không há»— trợ má»™t cách trá»±c tiếp. Và dụ: các gói thêm và o có thể há»— trợ việc Ä‘Æ°a hình ảnh \textsc{PostScript} hay há»— trợ việc láºp nên các danh mục sách tham khảo theo đúng chuẩn. Bạn có thể tham khảo thêm thông tin vá» các gói cá»™ng thêm trong tà i liệu \companion. +\item \LaTeX{} khuyến khÃch ngÆ°á»i soạn thảo viết những tà i liệu có cấu trúc rõ rà ng bởi vì đây là cÆ¡ chế là m việc của \LaTeX{}. +\item \TeX{}, công cụ định dạng của \LaTeXe{}, có tÃnh khả chuyển rất cao và hoà n toà n miá»…n phÃ. Do đó, chÆ°Æ¡ng trình nà y sẽ chạy được trên hầu hết các hệ thống phần cứng, hệ Ä‘iá»u hà nh khác nhau. +\end{itemize} + +% +% Thêm và o các và dụ +% + +\medskip + +\noindent \LaTeX{} cÅ©ng có nhiá»u Ä‘iểm chÆ°a thuáºn lợi cho ngÆ°á»i sá» dụng. Bạn có thể liệt kê ra những Ä‘iểm bất lợi nà y khi bắt đầu sá» dụng \LaTeX{}. Ở đây, tôi xin liệt kê ra má»™t và i Ä‘iểm nhÆ° sau: +\begin{itemize} + \item \LaTeX{} không phục vụ tốt cho những kẻ đánh mất lÆ°Æ¡ng tri. + \item Mặc dù, đối vá»›i má»™t kiểu trình bà y văn bản định sẵn, các tham số đình dạng Ä‘á»u có thể thay đổi nhÆ°ng việc thiết kế má»™t kiểu trình bà y má»›i hoà n toà n là rất khó khăn và tốn nhiá»u thá»i gian.\footnote{Má»™t số tin đồn cho rằng đây sẽ là má»™t trong những Ä‘iểm yếu được khắc phục tronog phiên bản \LaTeX{}3} + \item Biên soạn những tà i liệu không có cấu trúc, hoặc lá»™n xá»™n ... là rất khó khăn + \item Trong những bÆ°á»›c là m việc đầu tiên bạn có thể dùng chuá»™t nhÆ°ng khi sá» dụng quen thì con chuá»™t sẽ không phục vụ gì nhiá»u cho khái nhiệm đánh dấu logic (Logical Markup). +\end{itemize} + +\section{Các táºp tin nháºp liệu của \LaTeX{}} +Dữ liệu Ä‘Æ°a và o cho \LaTeX{} là văn bản thông thÆ°á»ng được lÆ°u dÆ°á»›i dạng kà tá»± \texttt{ASCII}. Bạn có thể soạn thảo táºp tin nà y bằng má»™t chÆ°Æ¡ng trình soạn thảo văn bản thông thÆ°á»ng nhÆ° \emph{Notepad}, \emph{vim}, \emph{gvim}, \ldots Táºp tin nà y sẽ chứa phần văn bản cÅ©ng nhÆ° các lệnh định dạng của \LaTeX{}. + +\subsection{Khoảng trắng} +Các kà tá»±: khoảng trắng hay tab được xem nhÆ° nhau và được gá»i là kà tá»± ``\wi{khoảng trắng}''. Nhiá»u kà tá»± khoảng trắng liên tiếp cÅ©ng chỉ được xem là \wi{má»™t} khoảng trắng. Các khoảng trắng ở vị trà bắt đầu má»™t hà ng thì được bá» qua. Ngoà i ra kà tá»± xuống hà ng Ä‘Æ¡n được xem là má»™t khoảng trắng. \index{khoảng trắng! ở đầu hà ng} + +Má»™t hà ng trắng giữa hai hà ng văn bản sẽ xác định việc kết thúc má»™t Ä‘oạn văn. \emph{Nhiá»u hà ng trắng} được xem là \emph{má»™t} hà ng trắng. + +Từ đây trở Ä‘i, các và dụ sẽ được trình bà y nhÆ° sau: bên trái sẽ là phần dữ liệu được nháºp và o và bên phải sẽ là kết quả được xuất ra tÆ°Æ¡ng ứng (phần kết quả được xuất ra được đóng khung). + +\begin{example} +Äây là má»™t và dụ cho thấy +rằng nhiá»u khoảng +trắng cÅ©ng +chỉ được xem là +má»™t khoảng trắng. + + +Äồng thá»i má»™t hà ng trắng +sẽ bắt đầu má»™t Ä‘oạn má»›i. +\end{example} + +\subsection{Má»™t số kà tá»± đặc biệt} +Những kà tá»± sau là các kà tá»± được \wi{dà nh riêng} hay có má»™t ý nghÄ©a đặc biệt trong \LaTeX{} hoặc là nó không có mặt trong bất kỳ bá»™ font chữ nà o. Khi bạn nháºp chúng và o má»™t cách trá»±c tiếp thì thông thÆ°á»ng chúng sẽ không được in ra và đôi khi nó cÅ©ng khiến cho \LaTeX{} là m má»™t số việc mà bạn đã không dá»± Ä‘oán trÆ°á»›c hoặc chúng cÅ©ng có thể khiến cho \LaTeX{} báo lá»—i. %Các kà tá»± đặt biệt đó là : + +\begin{code} +\verb. # $ % ^ & _ { } ~ | . % $ +\end{code} +Bạn sẽ thấy rằng các kà tá»± nà y sẽ được sá» dụng rất nhiá»u trong tà i +liệu. Äể sá» dụng các kà hiệu trên trong tà i liệu, bạn cần phải thêm và o má»™t tiá»n tố phÃa trÆ°á»›c là dấu gạch chéo (\bs{}). +\begin{example} +\# \$ \% \^{} \& \_ \{ \} \~{} +\end{example} + +Các kà hiệu khác có thể được in ra trong các công thức toán hay các dấu trá»ng âm vá»›i các chỉ thị lệnh. Dấu gạch chéo (\bs{}) +\emph{không thể} được nháºp và o bằng cách thêm và o trÆ°á»›c nó má»™t dấu gạch chéo (\verb|\\|) nhÆ° các trÆ°á»ng hợp trên. Khi bạn nháºp và o \verb|\\| thì \LaTeX{} sẽ hiểu rằng bạn muốn xuống +hà ng\footnote{Bạn nên nháºp và o % +\texttt{\$}\ci{backslash}\texttt{\$}. Chỉ thị lệnh nà y sẽ in ra % +dấu '\bs{}'.}. + +\subsection{Má»™t số lệnh của \LaTeX{}} + +Các lệnh của \LaTeX{} cần phải được nháºp và o theo đúng chữ hoa và +chữ thÆ°á»ng. Nó có thể có hai dạng thức nhÆ° sau: +\begin{itemize} + \item Chúng có thể bắt đầu bằng dấu \verb|\| và tiếp theo là tên lệnh (chỉ gồm các kà tá»±). Các tên lệnh thÆ°á»ng được kết thúc bằng má»™t khoảng trắng, má»™t số hay má»™t 'kà hiệu'. + \item Chúng gồm có má»™t dấu vạch chéo ngược (\bs{}) và chỉ đúng má»™t `kà hiệu'. +\end{itemize} +% +% \\* doesn't comply ! +% +% +% Can \3 be a valid command ? (jacoboni) +% +\label{whitespace} + +\LaTeX{} bá» qua khoảng trắng sau các lệnh. Nếu bạn muốn có khoảng trắng sau các lệnh thì bạn nên nháºp thêm và o \verb|{}| và má»™t khoảng trắng hay má»™t lệnh khoảng trắng đặc biệt sau tên lệnh. Việc nháºp và o \verb|{}| sẽ ngăn cản \LaTeX{} xoá mất các kà tá»± khoảng trắng sau tên lệnh. + +\begin{example} +Knuth phân loại ngÆ°á»i +sá» dụng \TeX{} thà nh +\TeX{}nicians +và \TeX + eperts. +\end{example} +Rõ rà ng trong và dụ trên, khi sá» dụng lệnh \verb|\TeX| mà không thêm và o \verb|{ }| thì chữ các khoảng trắng giữa từ `experts' và \verb|\TeX| bị bá» qua và do đó chúng được viết liá»n nhau thà nh \TeX{}experts. + +Má»™t số lệnh cần có \wi{tham số}. Các tham số nà y sẽ được ghi ở +giữa dấu ngoặc \verb|{ }| ở phÃa sau tên lệnh. Má»™t số lệnh có yêu +cầu tham số; tuy nhiên, các tham số nà y là \wi{tuỳ chá»n}, khi nà y nó được +nháºp và o trong dấu ngoặc vuông \verb|[ ]|. + +\begin{example} +Bạn có thể \textsl{dá»±a} và o tôi! +\end{example} + +\begin{example} +Vui lòng bắt đầu má»™t +hà ng má»›i!\newline +Cám Æ¡n! +\end{example} + +\subsection{Các lá»i chú thÃch} \index{comments} +Khi mà \LaTeX{} gặp má»™t kà tá»± \verb|%| thì nó sẽ bá» qua phần còn lại của hà ng Ä‘ang được xá» lý. Ngoà i ra, các kà tá»± xuống hà ng và các khoảng trắng ở đầu hà ng tiếp theo sẽ được bá» qua. + +Bạn có thể sá» dụng kà tá»± nà y để thá»±c hiện việc ghi chú và o táºp tin soạn thảo mà không lo lắng việc in chúng ra cùng vá»›i bản in hoà n chỉnh. + +\begin{example} +Nó quả là % Ä‘Æ¡n giản +% tốt hÆ¡n <---- +má»™t và dụ khùng Ä‘iên, + vô nghÄ©a +\end{example} + +Ngoà i ra, kà tá»± \texttt{\%} còn có thể được sá» dụng để chia các hà ng dữ liệu +nháºp và o quá dà i khi mà các kà tá»± khoảng trắng hay là xuống hà ng +không được phép xuất hiện. + +Vá»›i các lá»i bình dà i, bạn có thể sá» dụng môi trÆ°á»ng được cung cấp +bởi gói \pai{verbatim} là \ei{comment}. Gói nà y được Ä‘Æ°a và o sá» dụng thông qua lệnh sau: \verb|\usepackage{verbatim}| + +\begin{example} Äây là má»™t và dụ khác +\begin{comment} +cÅ©ng Ä‘Æ¡n giản nhÆ°ng hữu dụng +\end{comment} +minh hoạ cách Ä‘Æ°a lá»i bình +và o tà i liệu. +\end{example} + +Bạn cần chú ý rằng môi trÆ°á»ng ghi chú nà y không là m việc trong những môi trÆ°á»ng phức tạp nhÆ° là các môi trÆ°á»ng chứa các công thức toán há»c. + +\section{Cấu trúc của táºp tin nháºp liệu} +Khi mà \LaTeXe{} xá» lý má»™t táºp tin dữ liệu và o, nó sẽ đòi há»i dữ +liệu và o phải có má»™t \wi{cấu trúc} nhất định. Má»—i táºp tin +dữ liệu và o phải được bắt đầu bởi lệnh: +\begin{code} +\verb|\documentclass{...}| +\end{code} + +Lệnh nà y sẽ xác định kiểu của tà i liệu mà bạn muốn soạn thảo. Tiếp +đến, bạn có thể thêm và o các lệnh khác để định dạng cấu trúc của +toà n bá»™ tà i liệu. Ngoà i ra, bạn có thể sá» dụng các \wi{gói} khác +để thêm và o các tÃnh năng mở rá»™ng không có sẵn trong \LaTeX{}. Các +gói lệnh đó có thể được Ä‘Æ°a và o bằng cách sá» dụng lệnh +\begin{code} +\verb|\usepackage{...}| +\end{code} + +Khi việc khai báo định dạng của tà i liệu đã hoà n tất\footnote{Vùng dữ +liệu nằm giữa \texttt{\bs + documentclass} và \texttt{\bs + begin$\mathtt{\{}$document$\mathtt{\}}$} được gá»i là vùng + \emph{\wi{lá»i tá»±a}} (tiếng Anh là preamble).}, bạn có thể bắt đầu soạn phần thân của tà i liệu vá»›i lệnh +\begin{code} +\verb|\begin{document}| +\end{code} + +Bây giá» thì bạn bắt đầu soạn thảo phần văn bản kết hợp vá»›i các +lệnh định dạng hữu Ãch của \LaTeX{}. Khi hoà n tất việc soạn thảo, bạn sẽ +thêm và o lệnh +\begin{code} +\verb|\end{document}| +\end{code} + +Lệnh nà y sẽ yêu cầu \LaTeX{} kết thúc phiên là m việc. Ná»™i dung còn lại trong tà i liệu sẽ bị bá» qua. + +Hình~\ref{mini} minh hoạ cấu trúc cÆ¡ bản của má»™t táºp tin nháºp liệu được soạn +thảo theo \LaTeX{}. Má»™t và dụ vá» \wi{táºp tin nháºp liệu} phức tạp +hÆ¡n sẽ được cung cấp ở hình~\ref{document} + +\begin{figure}[!bp] +\begin{lined}{6cm} +\begin{verbatim} +\documentclass{article} +\begin{document} +Nhá» gá»n nhÆ°ng có nhiá»u ý nghÄ©a +\end{document} +\end{verbatim} +\end{lined} +\caption{Táºp tin nháºp liệu cÆ¡ bản của \LaTeX{}} \label{mini} +\end{figure} + +\begin{figure}[!bp] +\begin{lined}{10cm} +\begin{verbatim} +\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article} +% Tá»±a Ä‘á» của tà i liệu +\author{H.~Partl} +\title{Minimalism} +\begin{document} +% Tạo tá»±a Ä‘á» +\maketitle +% Tạo bảng mục lục +\tableofcontents +\section{Và i Ä‘iá»u thú vị} +Má»™t tà i liệu thú vị??!! +\section{Tạm biệt các bạn} +\ldots{} đây là phần kết thúc. +\end{document} +\end{verbatim} +\end{lined} +\caption{Và dụ vá» má»™t cấu trúc của má»™t tà i liệu được soạn thảo +bằng \LaTeX{}.} \label{document} +\end{figure} + +\section{Má»™t số lệnh thông dụng} +Tôi dám cược rằng bạn Ä‘ang cố gắng thá» là m việc dá»±a trên Ä‘oạn dữ liệu +và o ngắn gá»n ở trang \pageref{mini}. DÆ°á»›i đây là má»™t số hÆ°á»›ng dẫn: +bản thân của \LaTeX{} không phải là má»™t chÆ°Æ¡ng trình có giao diện +thân thiện vá»›i ngÆ°á»i dùng (\texttt{GUI - Graphic User Interfaces}) vá»›i các nút nhấn dùng để định dạng văn bản. \LaTeX{} là má»™t phần má»m xá» lý táºp tin dữ liệu +và o của bạn. Má»™t và i phiên bản cà i đặt của \LaTeX{} có giao diện +đồ há»a thân thiện và bạn có thể nhấn chuá»™t để biên dịch. Tuy +nhiên, đối vá»›i \texttt{dân chuyên nghiệp} thì nghệ thuáºt nằm ở +cách mà bạn dùng hà ng lệnh để dịch má»™t táºp tin dữ liệu và o thông +qua các hà ng lệnh. Chú ý: chúng tôi giả sá» rằng má»™t phiên bản chạy +được của \LaTeX{} đã có trên máy của bạn. + +\begin{enumerate} +\item + Soạn thảo táºp tin dữ liệu và o của bạn bằng má»™t chÆ°Æ¡ng trình soạn + thảo Ä‘Æ¡n giản thông thÆ°á»ng. Trên hệ thống máy UNIX thì các phần + má»m soạn thảo thông thÆ°á»ng Ä‘á»u có khả năng thá»±c hiện thao tác + nà y. Trên hệ thống Windows thì bạn có thể sá» dụng \emph{Notepad} + hay các chÆ°Æ¡ng trình khác và xác định dạng lÆ°u trữ là + \emph{Plain text}. Ngoà i ra, bạn cần lÆ°u ý rằng phần mở rá»™ng của táºp + tin là \emph{.tex}. + +\item + Chạy \LaTeX{} vá»›i táºp tin dữ liệu và o của bạn. Nếu chÆ°Æ¡ng trình thá»±c hiện thà nh công thì nó sẽ xuất ra má»™t táºp tin có phần mở rá»™ng là \emph{.dvi}. Trong má»™t số tình huống, bạn cần phải chạy \LaTeX{} nhiá»u lần để có thể có được bảng mục lục và má»™t số tham chiếu bên trong văn bản. Khi mà táºp tin dữ liệu và o của bạn có lá»—i thì \LaTeX{} sẽ báo cho bạn biết và ngừng thao tác xá» lý táºp tin nà y. Khi nà y, hãy nhấn \texttt{Ctrl-D} để trở vá» dòng lệnh bình thÆ°á»ng. + +\begin{lscommand} +\verb+latex thu01.tex+ +\end{lscommand} + +\item Bây giá» bạn có thể xem táºp tin DVI. Có nhiá»u cách để thá»±c hiện tác vụ nà y. Bạn có thể xem trên mà n hình vá»›i lệnh +\begin{lscommand} +\verb+xdvi thu01.dvi &+ +\end{lscommand} + +LÆ°u ý: lệnh trên được thá»±c thi trên ná»n hệ Ä‘iá»u hà nh Unix, trong chế Ä‘á»™ đồ hoạ X11. Nếu bạn là m việc trên ná»n hệ Ä‘iá»u hà nh Windows bạn có thể sá» dụng chÆ°Æ¡ng trình tÆ°Æ¡ng tá»± là \texttt{yap} (yet another previewer). + +Ngoà i ra, bạn có thể chuyển táºp tin dạng DVI sang dạng PostScript để in ấn hay xem vá»›i chÆ°Æ¡ng trình Ghostscript. + +\begin{lscommand} +\verb+dvips -Pcmz thu01.dvi -o thu01.ps+ +\end{lscommand} + +Nếu hệ thống \LaTeX{} trên máy bạn đã được cà i đặt chÆ°Æ¡ng trình \texttt{dvipdf} thì bạn có thể chuyển táºp tin từ dạng DVI trá»±c tiếp sang dạng PDF. + +\begin{lscommand} +\verb+dvipdf thu01.dvi+ +\end{lscommand} + +\end{enumerate} + + +\section{Cách trình bà y má»™t tà i liệu} +\subsection{Các lá»›p tà i liệu}\label{sec:documentclass} +Thông tin đầu tiên mà \LaTeX{} cần biết khi xá» lý má»™t táºp tin dữ liệu và o là kiểu tà i liệu mà ngÆ°á»i soạn thảo muốn tạo ra. Kiểu tà i liệu sẽ được xác định vá»›i lệnh +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{documentclass}\verb|[|\emph{tuỳ +chá»n}\verb|]{|\emph{lá»›p}\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} + +\noindent Ở đây, \emph{lá»›p} cho biết kiểu tà i liệu cần biên soạn. Bảng~\ref{documentclasses} liệt kê các kiểu tà i liệu được định nghÄ©a sẵn. Bên cạnh các kiểu tà i liệu chuẩn, \LaTeX còn cho phép thêm và o các gói mở rá»™ng nhằm há»— trợ cho việc tạo ra các kiểu tà i liệu khác nhÆ°: thÆ° từ, các trang trình diá»…n, \ldots. Tham số \emph{\wi{tuỳ chá»n}} sẽ tuỳ biến định dạng của các kiểu tà i liệu. Các tham số trong mục \emph{tuỳ chá»n} phải được cách nhau bởi dấu phẩy. Bạn có thể xem thêm bảng~\ref{options} để biết thêm các tham số thông dụng. + +\begin{table}[!bp] +\caption{ Các lá»›p tà i liệu.} \label{documentclasses} +\begin{lined}{13cm} +\begin{description} + +\item [\normalfont\texttt{article}] phù hợp khi soạn các bà i báo trong các tạp chà khoa há»c, các văn bản trình diá»…n, các báo cáo ngắn, chÆ°Æ¡ng trình hoạt Ä‘á»™ng, thÆ° má»i, \ldots \index{article class} + +\item [\normalfont\texttt{report}] phù hợp khi soạn các báo cáo gồm nhiá»u chÆ°Æ¡ng, các quyển sách nhá», luáºn văn,\ldots \index{report class} + +\item [\normalfont\texttt{book}] phù hợp khi soạn sách.\index{book class} + +\item [\normalfont\texttt{slides}] dùng để thiết kế các trang trình diá»…n. Kiểu tà i liệu nà y nà y sá» dụng các kà tá»± sans serif cỡ lá»›n. Bạn có thể sá» dụng má»™t kiểu tà i liệu khác là Foil\TeX{}\footnote{% + \texttt{CTAN:/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/supported/foiltex}}. + \index{slides class}\index{foiltex} +\end{description} +\end{lined} +\end{table} + +\begin{table}[!bp] +\caption{Các tuỳ chá»n cho lá»›p tà i liệu.} \label{options} +\begin{lined}{13cm} +\begin{flushleft} +\begin{description} +\item[\normalfont\texttt{10pt}, \texttt{11pt}, \texttt{12pt}] +\quad Chỉnh kÃch thÆ°á»›c font chữ trong cả tà i liệu. Nếu không có tuỳ chá»n nà o được thiết láºp thì cỡ chữ mặc Ä‘inh được chá»n là +\texttt{10pt}.\index{kÃch thÆ°á»›c font chữ của tà i liệu}\index{kÃch thÆ°á»›c font cÆ¡ bản} + +\item[\normalfont\texttt{a4paper}, \texttt{letterpaper}, \ldots] +\quad Xác định cỡ giấy. Cỡ giấy mặc Ä‘inh là \texttt{letterpaper}. Ngoà i ra, còn có các kiểu giấy khác nhÆ°: \texttt{a5paper}, +\texttt{b5paper}, \texttt{executivepaper} + và \texttt{legalpaper}. \index{legal paper} + \index{paper size}\index{A4 paper}\index{letter paper} \index{A5 + paper}\index{B5 paper}\index{executive paper} + +\item[\normalfont\texttt{fleqn}] \quad các công thức được hiển thị ở bên trái thay vì ở chÃnh giữa. + +\item[\normalfont\texttt{leqno}] \quad đánh số các công thức ở bên trái thay vì ở bên phải. + +\item[\normalfont\texttt{titlepage}, \texttt{notitlepage}] \quad xác định việc tạo má»™t trang trắng ngay sau \wi{ tá»±a Ä‘á» của tà i liệu} hay không. Theo mặc định, lá»›p \texttt{article} không bắt đầu má»™t trang trắng ngay sau phần tá»±a Ä‘á». Ngược lại, đối vá»›i lá»›p \texttt{report} và \texttt{book} thì ngược lại.\index{title} + +\item[\normalfont\texttt{onecolumn}, \texttt{twocolumn}] \quad Tà i liệu được chia là m 1 hay 2 cá»™t. + +\item[\normalfont\texttt{twoside, oneside}] \quad Xác định xem tà i liệu sẽ được xuất ra dạng hai hay má»™t mặt. Lá»›p +\texttt{article} và \texttt{report} được thiết láºp là các tà i liệu \wi{ má»™t mặt}. Ngược lại, lá»›p \texttt{book} là dạng tà i liệu \wi{hai mặt}. Những tuỳ chá»n nà y chỉ nhằm xác định dạng thức của tà i liệu mà thôi. Tuỳ chá»n \texttt{twoside} sẽ \emph{ không} thá»±c hiện việc in tà i liệu ra dạng hai mặt. + +\item[\normalfont\texttt{landscape}] \quad Thay đổi cách trình bà y từ kiểu trang dá»c sang trang ngang. + +\item[\normalfont\texttt{openright, openany}] \quad Các chÆ°Æ¡ng sẽ bắt đầu ở các trang bên tay phải hay ở trang trống kế tiếp. Tuỳ chá»n nà y không là m việc đối vá»›i lá»›p \texttt{article} bởi vì đối vá»›i lá»›p nà y thì không có khái niệm vá» chÆ°Æ¡ng. Theo mặc định, lá»›p \texttt{report} sẽ bắt đầu các chÆ°Æ¡ng ở trong kế tiếp và lá»›p +\texttt{book} bắt đầu các chÆ°Æ¡ng ở trang phÃa tay phải. +\end{description} +\end{flushleft} +\end{lined} +\end{table} + +Và dụ: má»™t táºp tin nguồn của \LaTeX{} có thể được bắt đầu vá»›i +\begin{code} +\ci{documentclass}\verb|[11pt,twoside,a4paper]{article}| +\end{code} + +Lệnh nà y sẽ báo cho \LaTeX{} biết rằng bạn cần tạo má»™t tà i liệu kiểu \emph{article} +vá»›i cỡ chữ là \emph{11 Ä‘iểm}, được in \emph{hai mặt} trên khổ giấy \emph{A4}. + +\subsection{Các gói} \index{package} +Trong quá trình soạn thảo tà i liệu, bạn sẽ nháºn thấy rằng có má»™t số công việc mà \LaTeX{} không thể giải quyết được. Và dụ, chỉ vá»›i \LaTeX{} thì bạn không thể kết hợp các hình ảnh và o tà i liệu được, hay Ä‘Æ¡n giản hÆ¡n là bạn không thể Ä‘Æ°a mà u sắc và o tà i liệu. Khi nà y, để có thể mở rá»™ng khả năng của \LaTeX{}, bạn sẽ cần thêm và o má»™t số công cụ bổ sung (chúng được gá»i là các \emph{gói}). Äể sá» dụng các gói bổ sung nà y, ta cần phải sá» dụng lệnh: +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{usepackage}\verb|[|\emph{tuỳ % +chá»n}\verb|]{|\emph{tên gói}\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent \emph{ tuỳ chá»n} là má»™t danh sách các từ khoá nhằm kÃch hoạt các tÃnh năng của gói. Vá»›i các phiên bản \LaTeX{} chuẩn, bạn có thể tìm thấy rất nhiá»u các gói cÆ¡ bản. Ngoà i ra, bạn có thể tìm thấy các gói khác được phân phối +riêng lẻ. Bạn có thể và o các trang web có liên quan để biết thêm thông tin vá» cách cà i đặt và sá» dụng các gói. Bạn có thể tìm hiểu thêm thông tin chi tiết vá» mã nguồn, cách thiết kế trong quyển \companion. + +\begin{table}[!hbtp] +\caption{ Má»™t số gói được phân phối chúng vá»›i \LaTeX{}.} +\label{packages} +\begin{lined}{11cm} +\begin{description} +\item[\normalfont\pai{doc}] Cung cấp tà i liệu vá» các chÆ°Æ¡ng trình của \LaTeX{}. Chúng được mô tả trong táºp tin \texttt{doc.dtx}\footnote{ táºp tin nà y có trên máy của bạn và bạn có thể dịch nó sang dạng DVI và o má»™t thÆ° mục bất kỳ bằng cách đánh lệnh \texttt{latex doc.dtx} Vá»›i các táºp tin được Ä‘á» cáºp khác bạn cÅ©ng có thể thao tác tÆ°Æ¡ng tá»±.} + +\item[\normalfont\pai{exscale}] Cung cấp các phiên bản có thể thay đổi kÃch thÆ°á»›c của các font chữ vá» toán.\\ + Thông tin được mô tả trong táºp tin \texttt{ltexscale.dtx}. + +\item[\normalfont\pai{fontenc}] Xác định cách \wi{mã hoá font chữ} mà \LaTeX{} nên dùng.\\ + Thông tin được mô tả trong táºp tin \texttt{ltoutenc.dtx}. + +\item[\normalfont\pai{ifthen}] Cung cấp các lệnh thao tác trên các biểu mẫu\\ + `if \ldots then do\ldots hay là do\ldots.'\\ Thông tin được mô + tả trong táºp tin \texttt{ifthen.dtx} và \companion. + +\item[\normalfont\pai{latexsym}] để truy cáºp đến các kà hiệu trong các font chữ của \LaTeX{}. Bạn nên sá» dụng gói \texttt{latexsym}. Thông tin được mô tả trong táºp tin \texttt{latexsym.dtx} và trong +\companion. + +\item[\normalfont\pai{makeidx}] Cung cấp các lệnh để tạo chỉ mục. Thông tin được mô tả trong mục~\ref{sec:indexing} và trong \companion. + +\item[\normalfont\pai{syntonly}] Biên dịch tà i liệu mà không tiến hà nh sắp chữ. Gói nà y cho phép kiểm tra lá»—i cú pháp khi soạn thảo mà không biên dịch cho nên việc kiểm tra diá»…n ra rất nhanh. + +\item[\normalfont\pai{inputenc}] Há»— trợ việc nháºp liệu theo các bảng mã nhÆ° ASCII, ISO Latin-1, ISO Latin-2, 437/850 IBM, Apple Macintosh, Next, ANSI-Windows hay do ngÆ°á»i dùng định nghÄ©a.\\ +Thông tin được mô tả trong \texttt{inputenc.dtx}. +\end{description} +\end{lined} +\end{table} + +\subsection{Các định dạng trang của trang văn bản} +\LaTeX{} há»— trợ ba kiểu định dạng sẵn cho phần \wi{tiêu Ä‘á»} / \wi{phần +chân} (header/footer) của các trang văn bản. Câu lệnh Ä‘iá»u khiển: +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{pagestyle}\verb|{|\emph{kiểu}\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent Tham số \emph{kiểu} xác định kiểu định dạng được sá» dụng. Bảng~\ref{pagestyle} liệt kê tất cả các kiểu định dạng được định nghÄ©a sẵn của trang văn bản. + +\begin{table}[!thbp] +\caption{Các kiểu định dạng sẵn của trang văn bản trong \LaTeX.} +\label{pagestyle} +\begin{lined}{12cm} +\begin{description} + +\item[\normalfont\texttt{plain}] đánh và xuất số trang ở giữa phần chân ở cuối trang văn bản. Äây là kiểu định dạng mặc định. + +\item[\normalfont\texttt{headings}] xuất tiêu Ä‘á» của chÆ°Æ¡ng hiện tại và số thứ tá»± của trang văn bản ở vùng tiêu Ä‘á» của trang; đồng thá»i, phần chân của trang được để trống. + +\item[\normalfont\texttt{empty}] đặt cả phần tiêu Ä‘á» và phân chân của trang là rá»—ng. + +\end{description} +\end{lined} +\end{table} + +Bạn cÅ©ng có thể đặt định dạng cho riêng từng trang vá»›i lệnh sau: +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{thispagestyle}\verb|{|\emph{style}\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} + +Bạn có thể tham khảo thêm chi tiết vá» việc trình bà y tiêu Ä‘á» và phần chân của trang văn bản theo ý riêng trong tà i liệu +\companion{} hay trong mục~\ref{sec:fancy} ở trang~\pageref{sec:fancy}. + +\section{Má»™t số dạng táºp tin thÆ°á»ng gặp} +Khi là m việc vá»›i \LaTeX{}, có đôi lúc bạn sẽ cảm thấy mình bị lạc giữa má»™t mê cung các táºp tin vá»›i các phần Ä‘uôi mở rá»™ng khác nhau. DÆ°á»›i đây là danh sách liệt kê các \wi{kiểu táºp tin} mà bạn có thể gặp phải khi là m việc vá»›i \TeX{}. LÆ°u ý rằng đây chỉ là má»™t bảng tóm tắt các dạng táºp tin thông dụng mà bạn có thể gặp trong khi là m việc vá»›i \LaTeX{}. + +\begin{description} + +\item[\eei{.tex}] Táºp tin nháºp liệu của \LaTeX{} hay \TeX{}. Nó +có thể được biên dịch vá»›i lệnh:\ + \texttt{latex}. +\item[\eei{.sty}] Gói lệnh thêm và o cho \LaTeX{}. Nó là má»™t táºp +tin riêng lẽ và bạn có thể kết hợp nó và o táºp tin tà i liệu của bạn +bằng cách sá» dụng lệnh: \ + \ci{usepackage}. +\item[\eei{.dtx}] Tà i liệu vá» \TeX{}. Táºp tin nà y là dạng được cung cấp vá»›i các táºp tin định dạng. Nếu bạn dịch má»™t táºp tin .DTX thì bạn sẽ có được tà i liệu vá» các táºp lệnh trong gói chứa trong táºp tin .DTX. + +\item[\eei{.ins}] Các táºp tin cà i đặt Ä‘i kèm vá»›i các táºp tin có phần mở rá»™ng là .DTX. Nếu bạn tải vá» má»™t gói cá»™ng thêm của \LaTeX{} từ trên mạng, thông thÆ°á»ng thì bạn sẽ có được má»™t táºp tin .dtx và má»™t táºp tin .ins. Chạy \LaTeX{} đối vá»›i táºp tin .ins sẽ được kết quả là táºp tin .dtx. + +\item[\eei{.cls}] Táºp tin lÆ°u các lá»›p định nghÄ©a việc định dạng +tà i liệu của bản. Chúng được sá» dụng bởi lệnh:\\ +\ci{documentclass}. + +\item[\eei{.fd}] Táºp tin mô tả font chữ giúp \LaTeX{} có thông tin vá» các font chữ má»›i. +\end{description} + + +DÆ°á»›i đây là má»™t số táºp tin được tạo ra khi bạn sá» dụng \LaTeX{} để biên dịch táºp tin dữ liệu và o: + +\begin{description} +\item[\eei{.dvi}] Táºp tin nà y mô tả dữ liệu Ä‘á»™c láºp vá»›i thiết bị. Nó chứa Ä‘á»±ng kết quả chÃnh của quá trình biên dịch của \LaTeX{}. Bạn có thể xem ná»™i dung của nó bằng các chÆ°Æ¡ng trình xem táºp tin DVI nhÆ° \emph{YAP, dvips}, \ldots. + +\item[\eei{.log}] LÆ°u các thông tin chi tiết vá» quá trình biên dịch cuối cùng. + +\item[\eei{.toc}] LÆ°u tiêu Ä‘á» của tất cả các mục. Nó sẽ được Ä‘á»c trong lần biên dịch tiếp theo và được sá» dụng để tạo bảng mục lục. + +\item[\eei{.lof}] TÆ°Æ¡ng tá»± nhÆ° táºp tin .toc nhÆ°ng nó lÆ°u thông tin vá» danh sách các hình ảnh. + +\item[\eei{.lot}] TÆ°Æ¡ng tá»± nhÆ° hai táºp tin trên nhÆ°ng nó lÆ°u thông tin vá» các bảng trong tà i liệu. + +\item[\eei{.aux}] Táºp tin nà y chuyển các thông tin biên dịch từ táºp tin nà y đến táºp tin khác. Các táºp tin .aux nà y sẽ được dùng để lÆ°u thông tin vá» các tham chiếu chéo. + +\item[\eei{.idx}] Nếu tà i liệu của bạn có trang vá» chỉ mục thì táºp tin nà y sẽ lÆ°u tất cả các từ khoá. Bạn có thể biện dịch táºp tin nà y vá»›i lệnh:\\ + \texttt{makeindex}. Tham khảo thêm chÆ°Æ¡ng \ref{sec:indexing} ở trang \pageref{sec:indexing} để biết thêm chi tiết. + +\item[\eei{.ind}] Chứa thông tin đã được dịch từ táºp tin .idx. Bạn có thể Ä‘Ãnh kèm táºp tin nà y và o tà i liệu của bạn cho lần biên dịch tiếp theo. + +\item[\eei{.ilg}] Táºp tin nà y lÆ°u trữ thông tin vá» những gì mà lệnh \texttt{makeindex} đã tiến hà nh.. +\end{description} + + +\section{Các tà i liệu lá»›n} +Thông thÆ°á»ng, khi là m việc vá»›i các tà i liệu lá»›n, ta thÆ°á»ng chia tà i liệu ra là m nhiá»u phần nhá» hÆ¡n để việc quản lý tà i liệu được thuáºn tiện, dá»… dà ng hÆ¡n. \LaTeX{} cung cấp cho bạn hai lệnh há»— trợ cho việc nà y. +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{include}\verb|{|\emph{filename}\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} +\noindent Bạn có thể sá» dụng lệnh nà y ở trong phần thân của tà i liệu để chèn và o ná»™i dung của má»™t táºp tin khác có tên là +\emph{filename.tex}. LÆ°u ý rằng \LaTeX{} sẽ không bắt đầu má»™t trang má»›i trÆ°á»›c khi xá» lý các dữ liệu trong táºp tin dữ liệu và o nháºp từ táºp tin \emph{filename.tex} + +Lệnh thứ hai có thể sá» dụng trong phần tá»±a Ä‘á». Nó cho phép bạn hÆ°á»›ng dẫn \LaTeX{} chỉ Ä‘Æ°a và o má»™t số táºp tin. +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{includeonly}\verb|{|\emph{filename}\verb|,|\emph{filename}% +\verb|,|\ldots\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} + +Sau khi lệnh nà y được thá»±c thi ở phần tá»±a Ä‘á» của tà i liệu, thì chỉ có các lệnh \ci{include} ứng vá»›i các táºp tin trong danh sách tham số của lệnh \ci{includeonly} má»›i có tác dụng. LÆ°u ý rằng không có khoảng trắng giữa tên các táºp tin trong phần danh sách tham số và các táºp tin phải được cách ra bởi dấu phẩy. + +Lệnh \ci{include} tiến hà nh sắp chữ dữ liệu từ nháºp tin ở má»™t trang má»›i. Việc sá» dụng lệnh \ci{includeonly} là rất hữu Ãch bởi vì các chỉ thị kết thúc trang sẽ không bị di chuyển ngay cả khi má»™t số táºp tin Ä‘Æ°a và o bị bá» qua. Nếu không thÃch việc sắp chữ nà y thì bạn có thể chèn táºp tin và o trá»±c tiếp thông qua lệnh: +\begin{lscommand} +\ci{input}\verb|{|\emph{filename}\verb|}| +\end{lscommand} + +\noindent Lệnh nà y chỉ Ä‘Æ¡n thuần là kèm táºp tin được chỉ Ä‘inh và o +tà i liệu hiện thá»i của bạn mà không kèm theo Ä‘iá»u kiện gì cả. + +Nhằm giúp cho \LaTeX{} có thể kiểm tra tà i liệu của bạn má»™t cách +nhanh chóng hÆ¡n, bạn có thể sá» dụng gói \pai{syntonly}. Gói nà y +cho phép \LaTeX{} lÆ°á»›t qua tà i liệu của bạn và chỉ kiểm tra má»™t số +cú pháp và các lệnh nhÆ°ng không xuất ra kết quả (táºp tin DVI). Khi +sá» dụng gói nà y, \LaTeX{} sẽ chạy rất nhanh và bạn sẽ tiết kiệm +được rất nhiá»u thá»i gian. Cách sá» dụng gói nà y rất Ä‘Æ¡n giản: +\begin{verbatim} +\usepackage{syntonly} +\syntaxonly +\end{verbatim} + +Khi mà bạn muốn tạo ra các trang kết quả tháºt sá»±, bạn chỉ việc loại bá» +gói \emph{syntonly} ra khá»i tà i liệu. + +% +% Local Variables: +% TeX-master: "lshort2e" +% mode: latex +% coding: utf-8 +% End: diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/tiengviet.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/tiengviet.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..eaecd707d60 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/tiengviet.tex @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +\chapter{Soạn thảo tà i liệu tiếng Việt}
+
+Äể soạn thảo được tiếng Việt trong \LaTeX{} bạn cần sá» dụng gói +\pai{vn\TeX{}}. Tiến sÄ© Hà n Thế Thà nh, tác giả của pdf\TeX{} và +pdf\LaTeX{}, đã tạo ra gói nà y. Bạn hãy và o trang +\href{http://vntex.org}{http://vntex.org} +để có được thông tin má»›i nhất vá» gói vn\TeX{} cÅ©ng nhÆ° những há»— trợ +soạn thảo tiếng Việt khác. + +% Local Variables: +% coding: utf-8 +% End: diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/title.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/title.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a49dc7f070e --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/vietnamese/lshort-vietnamese/src/title.tex @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Contents: The title page +% $Id: title.tex,v 1.1.1.1 2002/02/26 10:04:20 oetiker Exp $ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined % We're not running pdftex +\else \pdfbookmark{Tua de}{title} \fi +\newlength{\centeroffset} +\setlength{\centeroffset}{-0.5\oddsidemargin} +\addtolength{\centeroffset}{0.5\evensidemargin} +%\addtolength{\textwidth}{-\centeroffset} +\thispagestyle{empty} +\vspace*{\stretch{1}} +\noindent\hspace*{\centeroffset}\makebox[0pt][l]{\begin{minipage}{\textwidth} +\flushright +{\Huge\bfseries Má»™t tà i liệu ngắn gá»n\\ +giá»›i thiệu vá» \LaTeXe{} + +} +\noindent\rule[-1ex]{\textwidth}{5pt}\\[2.5ex] +\hfill\emph{\Large hay \LaTeXe{} trong \pageref{verylast} phút} +\end{minipage}} + +\vspace{\stretch{1}} +\noindent\hspace*{\centeroffset}\makebox[0pt][l]{ +\begin{minipage}{\textwidth} +\flushright {\bfseries +Biên soạn: Tobias Oetiker\\[1.5ex] +Hubert Partl, Irene Hyna và Elisabeth Schlegl\\[3ex]} +\bfseries{Dịch bởi: Nguyá»…n Tân Khoa\\} Phiên bản~4.00, Ngà y 07 +tháng 06 năm 2005 +\end{minipage}} +%\addtolength{\textwidth}{\centeroffset} +\vspace{\stretch{2}} + + +\pagebreak +\begin{small} + Bản quyá»n \copyright 2000-2005 thuá»™c vá» Oetiker và những ngÆ°á»i + đóng góp cho tà i liệu LShort. ``All rights reserved''. + + %Äây là má»™t tà i liệu miá»…n phÃ. Bạn có thể phân phối lại tà i liệu + %nà y cho các ngÆ°á»i khác hay sá»a đổi tà i liệu (tuân theo những mục + %yêu cầu trong giấy phép bản quyá»n GNU General Public License của + %Free Software Foundation; phiên bản 2 hay các phiên bản sau). +Äây là má»™t tà i liệu miá»…n phÃ. Bạn hoà n toà n có thể phân phối lại cho những ngÆ°á»i sá» dụng khác hoặc có thể chỉnh sá»a cho phù hợp. Tuy nhiên bạn phải tuân theo những yêu cầu trong giấy phép bản quyá»n GNU (General Public License của Free Software Foundation; phiên bản 2 hay các phiên bản khác -- theo ý kiến riêng của bạn). + + %Tà i liệu nà y đến tay các bạn vá»›i hy vá»ng là nó sẽ trở nên hữu Ãch + Tà i liệu nà y được phát hà nh vá»›i hy vá»ng rằng nó sẽ trở nên hữu Ãch, + nhÆ°ng nó \textbf{KHÔNG KÈM THEO BẤT KỲ Sá»° BẢO ÄẢM NÀO}, ngay cả những + đảm bảo ngầm hiểu vá» việc thÆ°Æ¡ng mại hoá hay phải phù hợp vá»›i má»™t + Ä‘Ãch cụ thể nà o đó (vấn Ä‘á» nà y bạn có thể tham khảo giấy phép GNU General Public License để biết thêm chi tiết)\@. + + Thông thÆ°á»ng, bạn sẽ nháºn được má»™t bản sao của giấy phép GNU + General Public License kèm theo tà i liệu nà y; nếu chÆ°a có, bạn + có thể gá»i thÆ° đến Free Software Foundation, Inc., + 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. để có má»™t bản sao. +\end{small} + + +% Local Variables: +% TeX-master: "lshort2e" +% mode: latex +% coding: utf-8 +% End: diff --git 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+russian + +./source/czechslovak: +texlive-cz + +./source/czechslovak/texlive-cz: +csquote.sty +cs-tex-live.sty +live4ht.cfg +live.tex +Makefile + +./source/english: +texlive-en +tex-refs + +./source/english/texlive-en: +archive +live4ht.cfg +live.tex +Makefile +README +tex-live.sty + +./source/english/texlive-en/archive: +bv-live.tex +bvoutln.sty +changemail +live-2003.tex +live-tl7.tex +l.pl +mod.pl +nocites.tex +picture.tex +split.pl +status.pl +tex-live.bib +tex-live.bst +texlive.pl +tex-live.sty-2003 + +./source/english/tex-refs: +AUTHORS +corr_path.awk +db2hhchm.xsl +fop-common.xsl +GFDL +latex2e.texi +Makefile +Makefile.cfg.in +NEWS +README +tex-refs.book +tex-refs-chunk.xsl +tex-refs-common.xsl +tex-refs.css +tex-refs.dsl +tex-refs-fo.xsl +tex-refs-htmlhelp.xsl +tex-refs-plucker-exclude.txt +tex-refs-plucker.xsl +tex-refs.xml +tex-refs.xsl +THANKS +TODO + +./source/french: +texlive-fr + +./source/french/texlive-fr: +live4ht.cfg +live.tex +Makefile +tex-live.sty + +./source/general: +texlive-common + +./source/general/texlive-common: +examples + +./source/general/texlive-common/examples: +ex5.tex +ex6a.tex +ex6b.tex +ex6c.tex +ex6.tex + +./source/german: +texlive-ge + +./source/german/texlive-ge: +live4ht.cfg +live.tex +Makefile +tex-live.sty + +./source/polish: +texlive-pl + +./source/polish/texlive-pl: +live4ht.cfg +live.tex +Makefile +tex4ht.env +tex-livep.sty + +./source/russian: +texlive-ru + +./source/russian/texlive-ru: +live4ht.cfg +live.tex +Makefile +tex-live-rus.sty + +./tpm: +amslatex-primer.tpm +amsldoc-it.tpm +amsmath-it.tpm +amsthdoc-it.tpm +catalogue.tpm +components-of-TeX.tpm +cstug.tpm +dtxtut.tpm +epslatex-en.tpm +epslatex-fr.tpm +fancyhdr-it.tpm +FAQ-en.tpm +FAQ-fr.tpm +FAQ-ge.tpm +firststeps.tpm +gentle-gr.tpm +gentle.tpm +gtf.tpm +guides-pl.tpm +guide-to-latex.tpm +help.tpm +impatient-fr.tpm +impatient.tpm +knuth.tpm +kopka.tpm +l2tabu-english.tpm +l2tabu-french.tpm +l2tabu-it.tpm +l2tabu.tpm +latex2e-html.tpm +latex-graphics-companion.tpm +latex-tipps-und-tricks.tpm +latex-web-companion.tpm +lkort.tpm +lshort-dutch.tpm +lshort-english.tpm +lshort-finnish.tpm +lshort-french.tpm +lshort-german.tpm +lshort-italian.tpm +lshort-japanese.tpm +lshort-korean.tpm +lshort-mongolian.tpm +lshort-polish.tpm +lshort-portuguese.tpm +lshort-russian.tpm +lshort-slovak.tpm +lshort-spanish.tpm +lshort-thai.tpm +lshort-ukrainian.tpm +make-tex-work.tpm +math-into-latex.tpm +metafont-for-beginners.tpm +metafp.tpm +metapost-examples.tpm +ntg.tpm +pstricks-tutorial.tpm +symbols.tpm +tds.tpm +texlive-common.tpm +texlive-cz.tpm +texlive-en.tpm +texlive-fr.tpm +texlive-ge.tpm +texlive-pl.tpm +texlive-ru.tpm +tex-refs.tpm +tex-virtual-academy-pl.tpm +tlc2.tpm +truetype.tpm +Type1fonts.tpm +voss.tpm +webguide.tpm +wp-conv.tpm diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/Makefile b/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b86298fa30d --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include ../../english/texlive-en/Makefile diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/cs-tex-live.sty b/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/cs-tex-live.sty new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aba9dd6b514 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/cs-tex-live.sty @@ -0,0 +1,447 @@ +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01] +\ProvidesPackage{cs-tex-live}[2004/11/15 v1.22 TeX Live documentation style] +\RequirePackage{alltt} +\RequirePackage{array} +\RequirePackage{colortbl} +\RequirePackage{graphicx} +%\RequirePackage{here} +\RequirePackage{longtable} +%\iftrue +%\def\Hv@scale{.91} % to match x-height of Palatino +%\RequirePackage{palatino} +%\else +\usepackage{lmodern} +%\fi +\RequirePackage{tabularx} +\RequirePackage{shortvrb} +\RequirePackage[normalem]{ulem} +\RequirePackage[obeyspaces]{url} +\RequirePackage{xspace} +\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} +\usepackage[latin2]{inputenc} +\usepackage[czech]{babel}% +\usepackage{csquote} % do define \uv +\newcommand{\singleuv}[1]{,#1`} +\newcommand{\ctt}{\url{news:comp.text.tex}} +\newcommand{\kB}{KiB} +\newcommand{\MB}{MiB} +\newcommand\TKCS{\textsf{\TeX-kolekce}} +\newcommand\ProTeXt{Pro\TeX t} +\clubpenalty 10000 +\widowpenalty 10000 +\RequirePackage{europs} +\let\euro\EUR +\usepackage{comment} +%\newcommand\ncs{\protect\NN} +%\newcommand\NN[1]{\bgroup\color{red}#1\egroup} +%\def\p.{s.\,} +\def\p.{na stran\v{e}~} +% General squeezed itemize. +\newenvironment{itemize*}% + {\begin{itemize}% + \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}% + \setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}% + {\end{itemize}} +% +% for a proper \acro command (even in the context of the definition in +% ltugboat -- \DRC overrides without checking) +% +\RequirePackage{relsize} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\acro}[1]{\textsmaller{#1}\@} +% +\RequirePackage{fancyvrb} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{fverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\footnotesize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{sverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\small} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{boxedverbatim} + {Verbatim}{fontsize=\scriptsize,frame=single} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{Verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\def\verbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\boxedverbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[frame=single,fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\listinginput#1#2{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize,firstnumber=#1,numbers=left]{#2}} +\MakeShortVerb\| +% +% +% Done with packages. +% +% Page layout. +\advance\textwidth by 1.1in +\advance\oddsidemargin by -.55in +\advance\evensidemargin by -.55in +% +\advance\textheight by 1in +\advance\topmargin by -.5in +\advance\footskip by -.5in +\pagestyle{headings} +% +% LaTeX parameters. +\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.85} +\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.86} +\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.1} +\renewcommand{\belowcaptionskip}{4pt} +\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} +\setcounter{topnumber}{5} +\setcounter{totalnumber}{5} +% +% linebreaking, etc. +\pretolerance=1000 +\tolerance=1500 +\hbadness=3000 +\vbadness=3000 +\hyphenpenalty=400 +\emergencystretch=.1\hsize +\relpenalty=500 +% +% fonts +\let\sl\it +\let\slfamily\itfamily +\let\textsl\textit +\def\ttdefault{cmtt} +% +% various sorts of names +\newcommand*{\pkgname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% package name +\newcommand*{\optname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% (package,class) option name +\newcommand*{\cmdname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% command name +\newcommand*{\colname}[1]{\emph{#1}}% collection name +\newcommand*{\dirname}[1]{\path{#1}}% directory name +\newcommand*{\filename}[1]{\path{#1}}% file name +\newcommand*{\envname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% environment variable name +\newcommand{\code}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\file}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\prog}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\samp}[1]{\singleuv{\texttt{#1}}} +\newcommand{\var}[1]{\emph{#1}} +\newcommand{\ttvar}[1]{\texttt{\var{#1}}} +% Include an image. +% #1 - name of image (pictures/#1.jpg, always .jpg please) +% #2 - bb for html +% #3 - width for TeX +% +\def\tlimage#1#2#3{% + \ifnum \Status=2 % html + \includegraphics[#2]{pictures/#1.jpg} \\[5mm] + \else % not html + \includegraphics[width=#3]{pictures/#1} \\[5mm] + \fi +} +% +% underlined command input. +\def\Ucom#1{% + \uline{\rule[-.2\baselineskip]{0pt}{.9\baselineskip}\ttfamily #1}} +\def\CDref#1#2{\href{../../../../#1}{#2}} +\def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{\path{#1}}} +%\def\OnCD#1{\hyper@linkurl{\path{#1}}{../../../../#1}} +% GUI menu/button/tab sequence: +\def\guiseq#1{\textsf{#1}} +\def\arw{\unskip\discretionary{\hbox{$\rightarrow$}}{\hbox{$\rightarrow$}}{\hbox{$\rightarrow$}}\ignorespaces} +% +% Special names. +\def\dpi{$\,$dpi\xspace} +\def\bs{{\protect\normalfont\ttfamily\char'134}} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\cs}[1]{{\normalfont\ttfamily\char`\\#1}} +\def\Q#1{\par\vskip6pt\leftline{#1}\par} +\def\hyph{-} +% +% many abbreviations. +\newcommand{\CS}{$\mathcal{C}\kern-.1667em\lower.5ex% + \hbox{$\mathcal{S}$}\kern-.075em $} +\def\AFMtoTFM{\cmdname{AFM2TFM}\null} +\def\bv{\emph{Baskerville}} +\let\BV=\bv +\def\Dash{\unskip\nobreak\thinspace--\thinspace\ignorespaces} +\def\dvicopy{\cmdname{dvicopy}} +\def\dvidvi{\cmdname{dvidvi}} +\def\dvips{\cmdname{dvips}} +\def\eTeX{$\varepsilon$-\TeX} +\def\fpTeX{\textrm{fp}\TeX\xspace} +\def\GFtoDVI{\cmdname{GFtoDVI}\null} +\def\GFtoPK{\cmdname{GFtoPK}\null} +\def\GFtype{\cmdname{GFtype}} +\def\KPS{Kpathsea} +\def\La{La} +\def\OMEGA{$\Omega$} +\def\OzMF{OzMF} +\def\OzMP{OzMP} +\def\OzTeX{O\kern-.03em z\kern-.15em\TeX} +\def\PKtype{\cmdname{PKtype}} +\def\PLtoTF{\cmdname{PLtoTF}\null} +\def\teTeX{\textrm{te}\TeX\xspace} +\def\TeXLive{\TeX{} Live\xspace} +\let\TL=\TeXLive +\def\TFtoPL{\cmdname{TFtoPL}\null} +\def\TK{\textsf{\TeX-Collection}} +\def\TypeI{Type~1} +\def\VFtoVP{\cmdname{VFtoVP}\null} +\def\VPtoVF{\cmdname{VPtoVF}\null} +\def\Thanh{H\`an~Th\^e\llap{\raise 0.5ex\hbox{\'{}}}~Th\`anh} +\def\XEmTeX{\textrm{XEm}\TeX\xspace} +\def\XEmacs{\textrm{XEmacs}\xspace} +\def\Webc{Web2C} +\providecommand*{\CD}{\acro{CD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\CTAN}{\acro{CTAN}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\DVD}{\acro{DVD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\HTML}{\acro{HTML}\xspace} +%\providecommand*{\MacOSX}{Mac\-\acro{OSX}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\MacOSX}{Mac\,\acro{OS\,X}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\PS}{Post\-Script\xspace} +\providecommand*{\GS}{Ghost\-Script\xspace} +\providecommand*{\TDS}{\acro{TDS}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\dvi}{\acro{DVI}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\web}{\texttt{web}\xspace} +% +% description-like environment that uses tt instead of bf, and doesn't +% go to the left margin. Without the \hfil, get an underfull box. +% Don't why \descriptionlabel doesn't. +\newenvironment{ttdescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt % these lists tend to have short descriptions + \let\makelabel=\ttdescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\ttdescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\ttfamily #1\hfil} +% +% Likewise, for commands using sans serif. +\newenvironment{cmddescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt + \let\makelabel=\cmddescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\cmddescriptionlabel[1]{%%\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\sffamily #1\hfil} +% +\newlength\tmplen +\newsavebox{\wbox} +\newenvironment{warningbox}% + {\fboxsep .017\textwidth + \begin{lrbox}{\wbox} + \setlength{\tmplen}{\textwidth}% + \addtolength{\tmplen}{-2\fboxsep}% + \addtolength{\tmplen}{-.8pt}% twolines + \begin{minipage}{\tmplen}} + {\end{minipage}\end{lrbox}% + \bgroup\centering\fbox{\usebox{\wbox}}\egroup} +% +% lrbox is used as a representation marking. I changed it to +% lrBox in tne source file, to get closer to logical marking +\newsavebox{\mylrbox} +\newenvironment{lrBox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\mylrbox}} + {\end{lrbox}} +% +% +% output setup +% +\newif\ifSingleColumn +\providecommand{\Status}{0} +\typeout{Status is \Status, e.g.: } +% +% By default, we won't be creating hyperlinks. +\def\href#1#2{#2} +\def\hypertarget#1#2{} +\def\email#1{\href{mailto:#1}{\path{#1}}} % \path comes from url +\RequirePackage{texnames} +\ifx\PiC\undefined \def\PiC{P\kern-.12em\lower.5ex\hbox{I}\kern-.075emC} \fi +\ifx\PiCTeX\undefined \def\PiCTeX{\PiC\kern-.11em\TeX} \fi +% +% +\ifcase\Status + % \Status = 0 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation for printing} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 1 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in PDF format} + \RequirePackage[colorlinks,bookmarksopen, + pdfstartview={FitBH -320000},hyperindex]{hyperref} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 2 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in HTML format} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + % read our config file, live4ht.cfg; q.v., for more definitions. + % hyperref load must come after the tex4ht load. + \RequirePackage[live4ht]{tex4ht} + \RequirePackage[tex4ht]{hyperref} \hyperlinkfileprefix{} + \def\CDref#1#2{\href{../../../../#1}{#2}} + \def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{#1}} + \or + % \Status = 3 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a Zpravodaj issue!} + \RequirePackage{zpravodaj}% outline of Zpravodaj + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 4 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a TUB article} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \SingleColumnfalse + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} +\fi +% +\ifnum \Status=4 +\else + %\RequirePackage{texnames} + \newcommand\ConTeXt{C\kern-.0333emon\-\kern-.0667em\TeX\kern-.0333emt} + \newcommand\MIKTEX{MiK\kern-.025em \TeX}% per www.miktex.org + \providecommand\TeXXeT{\TeX-{}-% + \kern-.1emX\kern-.125em\lower.5ex\hbox{E}\kern-.1667emT\@} +\fi +% +% hacking at sections etc., to pay attention to baskerville status +\newcommand{\@condend@multicols}{% + \ifSingleColumn + \else + \def\@tempa{multicols}% + \ifx\@tempa\@currenvir + \end{multicols}% + \fi + \fi +} +\let\Section\section +\renewcommand{\section}{% + \@ifstar + {\Section*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@section + }% +} +\def\@full@section[#1]#2{% + \Section[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} +\let\SubSection\subsection +\renewcommand{\subsection}{% + \@ifstar{\SubSection*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@subsection + } +} +\def\@full@subsection[#1]#2{% + \SubSection[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} + +% calm things down a bit if we're in a multiple-column version +\ifSingleColumn +\else + \def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini + \parsep \z@ + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \let\@listi\@listI + \@listi + \def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii + \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii + \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 1\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \partopsep \z@ + \itemsep \topsep + } + \def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv + \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv + \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi + \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } +\fi +% +% array package stuff +\def\arraybackslash{\let\\=\@arraycr} +\newcolumntype{P}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}} +% +% shaded rows (using facilities of colortbl) +% +\definecolor{pale}{gray}{.9} +\newcount\colrow +\gdef\RowColor{pale} +\def\SetRowColor{% + \rowcolor{\RowColor}% + \global\advance\colrow by1\relax + \ifodd\colrow + \gdef\RowColor{pale}% + \else + \gdef\RowColor{white}% + \fi +} +% redefine to hack up a reference even though we don't need it... +\renewcommand\@bibitem[1]{\if@filesw \immediate\write\@auxout + {\string\bibcite{#1}{?}}\fi\ignorespaces} +% +% \unknownTeXlive is a dummy texlive entry for the biblio +\newcommand\unknownTeXlive[2][\relax]{\textbf{\textsc{unknown}}% + \global\@all@unknown\expandafter{\the\@all@unknown{#2}}% +} +\newtoks\@all@unknown +\global\@all@unknown{} +\AtEndDocument{\@message@unknowns} +\def\@message@unknowns{\edef\@tempa{\the\@all@unknown}% + \ifx\@tempa\@empty + \else + \def\@tempa{*** TeX live package location of }% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns\the\@all@unknown\@empty + \fi +} +\def\@output@unknowns#1{\edef\@tempb{#1}% + \ifx\@tempb\@empty + \typeout{ unknown}% + \else + \message{\@tempa#1,}% + \def\@tempa{}% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns + \fi +} +% +% a hack for the bibliography +\bibliographystyle{tex-live} +\newif\iffirstbibentry +\global\firstbibentrytrue +\let\@@bibitem\bibitem +\renewcommand\bibitem{\iffirstbibentry + \global\firstbibentryfalse + \else + \\\SetRowColor + \fi + \@@bibitem +} + + +% for \Dings +\RequirePackage{pifont} +% available for inter-article dinglines +\def\Dings{\nopagebreak{\footnotesize\dingline{167}}} + +\ifnum \Status=3 +\newfont\fontmanual{logo10} % font used for the METAFONT logo, etc. +\renewcommand\MF{{\fontmanual META}\-{\fontmanual FONT}\spacefactor1000 } +\renewcommand\MP{{\fontmanual META}\-{\fontmanual POST}\spacefactor1000 } +\else +\RequirePackage{mflogo} +%\newfont\fontmanual{logo10} % font used for the METAFONT logo, etc. +%\newcommand\MF{{\fontmanual META}\-{\fontmanual FONT}\spacefactor1000 } +%\newcommand\MP{{\fontmanual META}\-{\fontmanual POST}\spacefactor1000 } +\fi + +% Silence font warnings about no bold typewriter in LM. +\def\@font@warning#1{}% + +% Silence hyperref warnings about \kern. +\def\HyPsd@Warning#1{}% + +\endinput diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/csquote.sty b/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/csquote.sty new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3644143647b --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/csquote.sty @@ -0,0 +1,181 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% cut here %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +% File: CSQUOTE.TEX/STY +% Version: 1.1 +% +% Authors: Hunter Goatley <goathunter@wkuvx1.bitnet> +% (parts from QUOTE.TEX/STY) +% Petr Sojka <sojka@ics.muni.cs> +% +% Warranty: +% +% Copyright (c) 1992 by Hunter Goatley, Petr Sojka +% Permission to copy all or part of this work is granted, provided +% that the copies are not made or distributed for resale, and that +% the copyright notice and this notice are retained. +% +% THIS WORK IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS. THE AUTHOR PROVIDES NO +% WARRANTY WHATSOEVER, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING THE WORK, +% INCLUDING WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO ITS MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS +% FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. +% +% If you make any improvements, I'd like to hear about them. +% +% History: +% +% Oct 26, 92 - V1.0 first release +% Dec 14, 92 - V1.1 \uv added +% +% Abstract: +% +% This file defines the macros \csdoublequoteson and \csdoublequotesoff. +% These macros allows switching between standard and following behaviour: +% TeX replace the double-quote character (") with Czech +% left and right double-quotes. For example: +% +% "This is a test." ---> ,,This is a test.'' +% +% The double-quote character is still available via \dq. +% \" is still treated as the umlaut accent. +% +% This macro makes a couple of assumptions about the double-quotes: +% +% 1. Double-quotes are assumed to come in pairs. When replacing +% double-quotes, the macro alternates between ,, and ''. The only +% exception to this is noted in (2) below. +% 2. A double-quote at the beginning of a paragraph is always treated +% as ,,. This correctly handles the case where a quotation is +% continued into a second paragraph: +% +% "This is the first paragraph.\par +% "This is the second paragraph of the same quote." +% +% Normal TeX spacing after ,, and '' is maintained by saving and +% restoring the \spacefactor. +% +% Macros work both with plainTex and LaTeX. +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +% HOW IT WORKS: +% +% The double-quote character (") is made active by \csdoublequoteson. +% The " macro keeps track of left-quote/right-quote pairs and inserts +% the appropriate ,, and '' in its place. +% +% Each character has a \spacefactor associated with it, which specifies +% the amount of stretch or shrink that a space following the character +% can have. Most characters have a factor of 1000, but some punctuation +% marks have higher spacefactors, most notably the period, which has a +% \spacefactor of 3000. This means the space following a period can +% stretch up to 3 times more than the space after a regular character, +% accounting for the increased space at the end of sentences. +% +% The ,, and '' ligatures are assigned \spacefactor's of 0, so that the +% \spacefactor that is applied to the next character is the same as that +% of the character preceding the quotes. Because " has been redefined as +% a macro, any spaces following " are swallowed by TeX. It was necessary +% to have this macro re-insert any needed space so that the following +% cases worked correctly: +% +% "This is a test," she said. --> ,,This is a test,'' she said. +% "This is in a list"; etc. --> ,,This is in a list''; etc. +% +% Without the added space, the first example becomes: +% +% ,,This is a test,''she said. +% +% The solution was to save the current \spacefactor before inserting a +% right double-quote, then resetting the \spacefactor after the +% insertion. The net effect was that the " macro has a \spacefactor +% of 0, which matches the way TeX treats ,, and ''. +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +{% % Begin a group for which " is active +\catcode`\"=\active % Make " an active character +\catcode`\@=11 % Make @ an active character +% +% \csdoublequoteson +% +% This macro makes " an active character, resets the control sequence +% \dblqu@te to L (left), and defines \dq as a replacement for ". +% +\gdef\csdoublequoteson{% % \csdoublequoteson enables " + \gdef"{\czechquotes}% % Define " as \czechquotes + \global\catcode`\"=\active% % Make " an active character + \global\chardef\dq=`\"% % Double-quote char. via \dq + \global\let\dblqu@te=L% % Always start with a left double-quote + } % End of macro +% +% \bq, \eq +% +% These macros define default characters for czech left and right +% double quotes. Czech opening quote is created from two commas with +% kerning depending on fontdimen four parameter of current font. +% Better solution should be specially designed character with +% proper kernings; if you have such characters in fonts +% (e.g. in DC-fonts), use it instead. (e.g. define +% macros \bq and \eq e.g. \def\bq{\char"130 } +% in your document/style file-- not in csquote.sty!) +% Similar solution is used for czech right quote. +% +% \cs existence test, stolen from TeXbook exercise 7.7 +\def\ifundefined#1{\expandafter\ifx\csname#1\endcsname\relax }% +% +% another macro to be more efficient in time and space +\global\chardef\f@@r=4 +% +\ifundefined{bq}% +\gdef\bq{\kern-.25\fontdimen\f@@r\font,\kern-.8\fontdimen\f@@r\font,% + \kern-.35\fontdimen\f@@r\font}% +\fi +\ifundefined{eq}% +\gdef\eq{\kern-.35\fontdimen\f@@r\font`\kern-.8\fontdimen\f@@r\font`% + \kern-.25\fontdimen\f@@r\font} +\fi +% +% Macro \uv for other usage of \bq and \eq. +% +\ifundefined{uv}% + \gdef\uv#1{\bq #1\eq} +\fi +% +% Define the macro that will be executed whenever " is encountered. +% +\gdef\czechquotes{% + % If the double-quote is the first character in a new paragraph, + % make sure it becomes a left double-quote. This case can be + % detected by checking to see if TeX is currently in vertical mode. + % If so, the double-quote is at the beginning of the paragraph + % (since " hasn't actually generated any horizontal mode tokens + % yet, TeX is still in vertical mode). If the mode is vertical, + % set \dblqu@te equal to L. + % + \ifinner\else\ifvmode\let\dblqu@te=L\fi\fi% + % + % Now insert the appropriate left or right double-quote. + % + % If \dblqu@te is L, insert an opening quote and set \dblqu@te to R. + % + \if L\dblqu@te\bq\global\let\dblqu@te=R% + % + % Otherwise, save the current \spacefactor, insert '', set \dblqu@te + % to L, and reset the original \spacefactor. + % + \else% + \let\xxx=\spacefactor% % Save the \spacefactor + \eq% % Insert ending quote + \global\let\dblqu@te=L% % and reset \dblqu@te + \spacefactor\xxx% % Reset the \spacefactor + \fi% % End of \if L\dblqu@te... + } % End of " macro +} % End of group + +\gdef\csdoublequotesoff{% + \catcode`\"=12% % Set " back to other + } +% +% Czech quotes are default +% +\csdoublequoteson + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/live.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/live.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..080ac3ec59d --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/live.tex @@ -0,0 +1,3523 @@ +% +% czechslovak/live.tex - TeXlive documentation -- Czech/Slovak translation +% +% TeX Live documentation. Originally written by Sebastian Rahtz and +% Michel Goossens, now maintained by Karl Berry and others. +% Public domain. +% +% 2005/11/01: v1.28 last minute Staszek additions +% 2005/10/31: v1.27 texlive2005 version (JB&PS) +% 2004/11/18: v1.26 final release cleanup, latest changes by Staszek +% 2004/11/17: v1.24,25 typos corrected +% 2004/11/15: v1.21,22,23 corrections by KB, JB and others entered +% 2004/11/14: v1.20 first texlive2004 version (JB&PS) +% 2004/01/30: v1.19 postbulletin version release for CSTUG web +% 2004/01/22: v1.18 minor changes before final-2003 source release +% 2004/01/19: v1.16, v1.17 last-minute corrections before sending +% Bulletin to print +% 2004/01/18: modifications for CS bulletin by Z. Wagner +% 2004/01/07: version 1.15 +% 2003/12/08-10: Slovak and other Czech typos corrected +% 2003/12/06: Czech language typos/errors entered +% 2003/09/23: prepositions checked, v1.03 +% 2003/09/23: some typos, jch's email, v1.02 +% 2003/09/22: further error corrections, v1.01 +% 2003/09/18: final checking and error corrections, v1.0 release +% 2003/09/17: another changes in English version incorporated +% 2003/09/08: changes in English version from 09/04 to 09/06 incorporated +% 2003/09/06: fixes from Staszek +% 2003/09/05: touched by Karl +% 2003/09/04: fixes from Staszek and Fabrice +% 2003/09/05: translation started from english version as of Sep 1st by +% Petra & Petr S. +% 2003/09/01: fixes from Volker. +% 2003/08/12: fixes from Christer Gustafsson <gustaf@powertech.no>. +% 2003/07/07: substantial revisions by karl. +% ... deleted +% +% TODO +% +% -- Priklady ve slovenske casti aktualizovat z~anglicke verze +% (zustaly dosud z verze TeXlive 6). +% +% Translations: +% Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005 Petr Sojka +% Copyright (c) 2004, 2005 Jan Busa +% Copyright (c) 2003 Petra Sojková +% Copyright (c) 2001 Janka Chlebíková +% Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +% under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 +% or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; +% with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no +% Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in +% the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". + +\newif\ifforbulletin +\forbulletinfalse +%\forbulletintrue +\newcommand\cstlversion{1.28} +\newcommand\cstldate{1.\ listopadu 2005} +\ifforbulletin + \providecommand\Status{3} % version for CSTUG bulletin Zpravodaj + \else + \providecommand\Status{2} +\fi +% +\ifnum\Status=2 % e.g. html generation via tex4ht + \def\classname{article} % need different doc class for html + \def\classoptions{11pt} +\else + \ifnum\Status=3 % Zpravodaj + \def\classname{article} + \def\classoptions{twoside,a5paper} +% \pdfpaperwidth=147.5mm +% \pdfpaperheight=210mm + \else \def\classname{artikel1} + \def\classoptions{11pt} + \fi +\fi + +\listfiles +\documentclass[\classoptions,slovak,english,czech]{\classname} +\usepackage{cs-tex-live} + +\begin{document} +\ifnum\Status=2 + % this ugliness is because the normal definition of ' for tex4ht + % tries to go into math mode. I don't under + \def'{\char`\'} +\fi + +\selectlanguage{czech} +\title{{\huge\textsf{\TK{} 2005}}\\[3mm] + Pøíruèka \protect\TeXLive{}, CS verze \cstlversion} +\date{\cstldate} + +\author{Sebastian Rahtz \& Karl Berry, editoøi \\[3mm] + \url{http://tug.org/texlive/}\\[3mm] +%B% \ifnum \Status=2 +%B% \includegraphics[bb=0 0 824 741]{../pictures/front} \\[5mm] +%B%\else +%B%\ifnum \Status=3 +%B% \includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{../pictures/bw-front2} \\[5mm] +%B%\else +%B% \includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{../pictures/front} \\[5mm] +%B%\fi \fi +%B% \small \textit{Kontaktní osoby pro tuto dokumentaci:}\\[3mm] +%B% \small \begin{tabular}{lcr} +%B% Czech/Slovak & Petr Sojka & \email{sojka (at) fi.muni.cz} \\ +%B% & Janka Chlebíková & \email{chlebikj (at) dcs.fmph.uniba.sk} \\ +%B% & Ján Bu¹a & \email{jan.busa (at) tuke.sk} \\ +%B% English & Karl Berry & \email{karl (at) freefriends.org} \\ +%B% French & Fabrice Popineau & \email{fabrice.popineau (at) supelec.fr} \\ +%B% German & Volker R.\,W.\ Schaa & \email{volker (at) dante.de} \\ +%B% Polish & Staszek Wawrykiewicz & \email{staw (at) gust.org.pl} \\ +%B% Russian & Boris Veytsman & \email{borisv (at) lk.net} +%B% \end{tabular} +% \tlimage{front}{bb=0 0 824 741}{.7\linewidth} + } + + +% comes out too close to the toc, and we know it's page one anyway. +\thispagestyle{empty} +\maketitle + +\ifnum\Status=3 + \thispagestyle{csbul} + \ifforbulletin \setcounter{page}{113} % valid for 3-4/2003 + \else \raggedbottom + \fi +\fi + + Pøeklad 2003 Petra Sojkov\'a, 2003, 2004, 2005 Petr Sojka, + 2001 Janka Chleb\'\i kov\'a, + a 2004, 2005 J\'an Bu\v{s}a je ¹íøen pod GNU FDL licencí. + + Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document + under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 + or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; + with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no + Back-Cover Texts. + +\begin{multicols}{2} +\tableofcontents +\listoftables +\end{multicols} + +\section{Úvodem} +\label{sec:intro} + +Tento dokument popisuje základní vlastnosti distribuce \TeXLive{} 2005, +co¾ je instalace \TeX{}u a pøátel pro \acro{GNU}/Linux a dal¹í +unixové systémy, \MacOSX{} a (32-bitové) systémy Windows. +Instalace \emph{není} urèena pro star¹í Mac a \acro{MS-DOS} +systémy. + +\TL{} obsahuje \file{.exe} soubory pro \TeX{}, \LaTeXe{}, \ConTeXt, +\MF, \MP, \BibTeX{} a mnoho dal¹ích programù vèetnì obsáhlého +seznamu maker, fontù a dokumentace spolu s~podporou +sazby v~mnoha rùzných svìtových jazycích. +Je èástí mnohem vìt¹í \TKCS{} +(krátce popsané dále v~oddíle~\ref{sec:struct-tl}, +\p.\pageref{sec:struct-tl}), spolu jsou výsledkem spoleèného úsilí +skupin u¾ivatelù \TeX u. + +Aktuální verze pou¾itého software je v~archívu +\acro{CTAN} na \url{http://www.ctan.org}. + +Pro krátký seznam hlavních zmìn v~této verzi \TL{} +nahlédnìte na konec tohoto dokumentu, do oddílu~\ref{sec:history} na stranì~\pageref{sec:history}. + +\subsection{Základy pou¾ití \protect\TL{}} +\label{sec:basic} + +\TL{} lze pou¾ít tøemi základními zpùsoby: + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item Mù¾ete spustit \TL{} pøímo z~\pkgname{live} \DVD +%B% distribuèního média (s~výjimkou distribuce \pkgname{inst}; + (viz~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} na stranì~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). + Pro toto u¾ití nepotøebujete témìø ¾ádný + diskový prostor. Dává vám to okam¾itý + pøístup ke v¹emu na \TL{}. Výkon bude samozøejmì + hor¹í ne¾ pøi spou¹tìní z~pevného disku, ale + mù¾e se vám to nìkdy dobøe hodit. + +\item Mù¾ete instalovat èásti \TL{} na lokální + disk z~\DVD\ nebo z~\pkgname{inst} \acro{CD}. To je nejèastìj¹í + vyu¾ití \TeXLive. Budete + potøebovat (pøibli¾nì) 100 megabytù pro nejmen¹í systém, i + a o nìco víc ne¾ 1.3~gigabytù pro plný systém. + +\item Mù¾ete integrovat pøíslu¹ný balík nebo kolekci + do svého souèasného systému, nebo + døíve instalovaného systému \TL{}, nebo jiného systému. +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent Ka¾dá z~tìchto mo¾ností je popsána detailnì +v~následujících sekcích èlenìných dle \acro{OS}, zde jen souhrn: + +\begin{itemize*} +\item Základní instalaèní dávka pro Unix a \MacOSX{} je +\texttt{install-tl.sh}; +\item Dávka pro instalaci samostatného balíku je \texttt{install-pkg.sh}. +\item \texttt{tlpmgui.exe} je instalaèní program +pro Windows. Mù¾e být pou¾it také ke pøidání nebo odstranìní balíèkù. +Pro dal¹í informace viz dále oddíl~\ref{sec:win-install} +na stranì~\pageref{sec:win-install}. +\end{itemize*} + + +\subsection{Nápovìda} +\label{sec:help} + +\TeX{}ovská komunita je aktivní a vstøícná a témìø v¹echny +seriozní otázky jsou obvykle zodpovìzeny. Podpora je +neformální, je provádìna pøíle¾itostnými ètenáøi a dobrovolníky, +a proto je dùle¾ité, abyste svou domácí úlohu udìlali pøedtím, +ne¾ vznesete dotaz. (Pokud tou¾íte po garantované komerèní podpoøe, mù¾ete +na \TL{} zapomenout a zakoupit komerèní distribuci; viz +\url{http://tug.org/interest.html#vendors} pro seznam prodejcù.) + +Ní¾e je uveden seznam informaèních zdrojù, pøibli¾nì v~poøadí, ve kterém +ho doporuèujeme k~pou¾ití: + +\begin{description} +\item [první kroky] Pokud jste \TeX ovský nováèek, na stránce +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html} najdete krátký úvod do systému. +\item [\TeX{} \acro{FAQ}] \TeX{} \acro{FAQ} je obrovská studnice + znalostí na v¹echny druhy otázek, od tìch + základních a¾ po ty nejobskurnìj¹í. + Dokument najdete na \TL{} v~adresáøi \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en} + nebo na Internetu na \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq}. Prosíme, zaènìte + své hledání odpovìdi zde. + +\item [\TeX{} Catalogue] Pokud hledáte konkrétní balík, + font, program ap., \TeX{} Catalogue je místo, kde zaèít. + Je to obsáhlá sbírka \TeX{}ových polo¾ek. Viz + \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/catalogue} nebo + \url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue}. + +\item [\TeX{}ov\'e odkazy na Webu] Na \url{http://tug.org/interest.html} + najdete mnoho relevantních odkazù na rùzné pøíruèky, + knihy, manuály a èlánky o v¹ech aspektech systému \TeX{}. + +\item [archívy diskusních skupin] + \sloppypar Dvì základní fóra pro hledání øe¹ení problémù jsou + newsová skupina \ctt{} a emailová diskusní + skupina \email{texhax@tug.org}. V~archívech tìchto zdrojù + najdete tisíce pøedchozích dotazù a odpovìdí èekajících na va¹e + hledání. Nahlédnìte na + \url{http://groups.google.com/groups?group=comp.text.tex}, + res\-pek\-ti\-ve na + \url{http://tug.org/mail-archives/texhax}. Dotazem do obecného + vyhledávacího stroje jako \url{http://google.com} také nic nepokazíte + a pro specifika èe¹tiny a sloven¹tiny najdete dal¹í zdroje + odkazované na \url{http://www.cstug.cz}. + +\item [kladení dotazù] Pokud nemù¾ete najít odpovìï na svou otázku, + mù¾ete ji polo¾it na \ctt{} pøes Google nebo va¹eho + newsového klienta nebo emailem na \email{texhax@tug.org}. + Ale døíve, ne¾ tak uèiníte, \emph{prosím,} pøeètìte si toto doporuèení, jak + klást otázku tak, ¾e pravdìpodobnì i dostanete odpovìï: + \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=askquestion}. + +\item [podpora \TL{}] Pokud chcete poslat + chybové hlá¹ení, pøipomínku nebo poznámku k~distribuci + \TL{}, její instalaci nebo dokumentaci, + diskusní skupina k~tomu urèená je \email{tex-live@tug.org}. + Pokud v¹ak je va¹e otázka specifická pro program na + \TL{} umístìný, pi¹te radìji pøímo autorovi nebo do diskusní + skupiny urèené pro tento program. +\end{description} + +\noindent +Druhou stranou mince je odpovídání dotazù tìch, kdo kladou otázky. +\ctt{} i list \code{texhax} jsou otevøeny pro kohokoliv. +Pøihlaste se, naslouchejte a zaènìte odpovídat tam, +kde mù¾ete. Vítejte ve svìtì \TeX{}u! + +% don't use \TL so the \uppercase in the headline works. Also so +% tex4ht ends up with the right TeX. Likewise the \protect's. +\section{Struktura \protect\TeX\protect\ Live} +\label{sec:struct-tl} + +Tento oddíl popisuje strukturu a obsah \TL{} a +\TKCS{}, které je èástí. + +%Dvì hlavní instalaèní dávky pro Unix a \MacOSX{} jsou +%\texttt{install-tl.sh} a \texttt{install-pkg.sh}. Jsou +%popsány v~oddíle~\ref{sec:unix-install} na +%stranì~\pageref{sec:unix-install}. +%V~dal¹ím oddíle popí¹eme strukturu a obsah \TL{}. + +\subsection{Nìkolik distribucí: \protect\pkgname{live}, + \protect\pkgname{inst}, %\protect\pkgname{demo} + \protect\pkgname{protext}} +\label{sec:multiple-dist} + +Poèínaje rokem 2003 nás +prostorová omezení formátu \acro{CD-ROM} donutila +rozdìlit \TL{} na více distribucí: + +\begin{description} + +\item [live] Úplný systém na~\acro{DVD-ROM} (pro +\acro{CD-ROM} je pøíli¹ obsáhlý). +Mù¾e být spou¹tený pøímo nebo nainstalován na disk. +\DVD{} také obsahuje kopii archívu +\CTAN{}, distribuci \pkgname{protext} pro Windows a Mac\TeX\ distribuci \MacOSX, které jsou na \TL{} zcela nezávislé, +a také sadu dal¹ích balíkù v~adresáøi \texttt{texmf-extra}. + +\CTAN{}, \pkgname{protext}, Mac\TeX{} a \texttt{texmf-extra} se øídí odli¹nými podmínkami +kopírování ne¾ \TL{}, proto pøi redistribuci nebo modifikaci +buïte pozorni. + +\item [inst(alovatelný)] Úplný systém na \CD. Abychom na nìj +v¹echno smìstnali, museli jsme zkomprimovat, co jen ¹lo. +Proto nejde \TeX\ spou¹tìt pøímo z~\CD, ale musí se instalovat +na disk (odtud jméno distribuce). +Postup instalace naleznete v~dal¹ích oddílech. + +\item [protext] Roz¹íøení systému \MIKTEX\ pro Windows. +\ProTeXt\ pøidává k~\MIKTEX u nové doplòkové nástroje +a zjednodu¹uje instalaci. Je plnì nezávislý na \TL{} +a má své vlastní pøíkazy. Mù¾e být spou¹tìný ¾ivì, anebo +instalován na disku. +Domovská stránka \ProTeXt\ je \url{http://tug.org/protext}. + +\ProTeXt\ je poskytován v~koøenovém adresáøi \pkgname{live} \DVD\ +nebo na svém vlastním \CD\ (pro ty, kteøí nemohou pou¾ít \DVD). + +%\item [demo] systém spustitelný pøímo z~\CD. Aby to bylo mo¾né, +%byli jsme nuceni vypustit velké kolekce pro sazbu +%èín¹tiny, japon¹tiny a korej¹tiny \acro{CJK}, +%podporu sazby not, nìkterá ménì èasto pou¾ívaná písma. +%Distribuce funguje jen pod Linuxem, \MacOSX{} a systémy Windows. + +\end{description} + +\noindent Jakou pou¾íváte distribuci, zjistíte +náhledem souboru \texttt{00\var{type}.TL} na za\v{c}\'atku +adresáøe \TL{}. Tento soubor obsahuje také informaci o~datu vydání \TL{}. + +Pøirozenì, ka¾dá skupina u¾ivatelù se rozhodne, co distribuovat, podle +vlastních potøeb. (\acro{TUG} i \acro{CSTUG} zasílá v¹echny tøi +zmínìné disky v¹em svým èlenùm.) + +\subsection{Popis koøenových adresáøù} +\label{sec:tld} + +V~koøenovém adresáøi distribuce \TL{} najdete následující +podadresáøe. Na \pkgname{live} \DVD, je celá \TL{} hierarchie v~podaresáøi +\dirname{texlive2005} a ne v~koøenovém adresáøi disku. + +\smallskip +\begingroup + \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} % open up interrow spacing +\noindent +\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{>{\ttfamily}lX} +bin & Binárky, s~podadresáøi dle platforem.\\ +source & Zdrojové kódy v¹ech programù, vèetnì distribuce + \Webc{} \TeX{}u a \MF{}u. Jsou v~\cmdname{bzip2}-zkom\-pri\-mo\-va\-ných + archívech tar. \\ +support & Pomocné balíky a programy. Automaticky %Implicitnì + \emph{nejsou} instalovány: + % \cmdname{GhostScript}, \cmdname{netpbm} a dal¹í + nìkteré editory a \TeX{}ová vývojová prostøedí. \\ +texmf & %B% Instalované balíky, fonty, konfiguraèní soubory, apod. \\ +Strom programù spoleènì s jejich podp\r{u}rnými soubory a +dokumentací. Nezahrnuje formáty \TeX u a balíky. + (\texttt{TEXMFMAIN} v~následujícím oddíle.) \\ +texmf-dist & Hlavní strom formátù a balíkù. + (\texttt{TEXMFDIST} v~následujícím oddíle.) \\ +texmf-doc & Strom samostatné èisté dokumentace, uspoøádán podle jazykù. \\ +texmf-var & Strom pro soubory automaticky generované a ulo¾ené. +(\texttt{TEXMFSYSVAR} v~následujícím oddíle.) \\ +xemtex & Strom pro pomocné programy pou¾ívané jenom pod + Windows. Tyto programy jsou + obvykle na unixových systémech nainstalovány nebo jsou + alespoò snadno zkompilovatelné. +\end{tabularx} +\endgroup + +\smallskip + +V~koøenovém adresáøi distribuce jsou navíc instalaèní dávky a soubory +\filename{README} (v~rùzných jazycích). + +Adresáø \dirname{texmf-doc} obsahuje pouze dokumentaci, +ale ne úplnou. Dokumentace programù (manuály, +man-stránky, info-soubory) jsou v~\dirname{texmf/doc}, +proto¾e programy jsou v~adresáøi \dirname{texmf}. +Podobnì, dokumentace \TeX ových balíkù a formátù je +v~\dirname{texmf-dist/doc}. +K~vyhledání ve¹keré dokumentace na libovolném místì mù¾ete +pou¾ít programy \cmdname{texdoc} nebo \cmdname{texdoctk}. +Souhrnn\'e odkazy v~koøenovém souboru \OnCD{doc.html} mohou +být také u¾iteèné. + +\subsection{Pøehled pøeddefinovaných stromù texmf} +\label{sec:texmftrees} + +Tento oddíl uvádí seznam v¹ech pøeddefinovaných promìnných +urèujících stromy texmf, pou¾ívaných systémem a jejich zamý¹lený úèel. +Povel \texttt{texconfig +conf} vám uká¾e hodnoty tìchto promìnných, tedy mù¾ete jednodu¹e zjistit +jak tyto odpovídají názvùm adresáøù ve va¹í instalaci. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXMFMAIN] Strom obsahující ¾ivotnì dùle¾ité èásti systému, jako skripty +pomocníka (napø. \verb+web2c/mktexdir+), pool-soubory a jiné podporné +soubory. +\item [TEXMFDIST] Strom obsahující hlavní sadu balíkù maker, + fonty, atd., z~pùvodní distribuce. +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] Strom, který mù¾ou pou¾ít administrátoøi na instalaci +doplòkových nebo obnovených maker, fontù, atd., pro celý systém. +\item [TEXMFHOME] Strom, který mù¾ou pou¾ít u¾ivatelé na svoje osobní instalace +doplòkových nebo obnovených maker, fontù, atd. + Roz¹íøení této promìnné závisí implicitnì na promìnné \verb+$HOME+, % $ + která dynamicky nastaví zvlá¹tní adresáø pro ka¾dého u¾ivatele. +\item [TEXMFCONFIG] Strom pou¾íván nástroji te\TeX u + \verb+texconfig+, \verb+updmap+ a \verb+fmtutil+ na ulo¾ení + modifikovaných konfiguraèních údajù. Implicitnì pod \verb+$HOME+. %$ +\item [TEXMFSYSCONFIG] Strom pou¾íván nástroji te\TeX u + \verb+texconfig-sys+, \verb+updmap-sys+ a \verb+fmtutil-sys+ na ulo¾ení + modifikovaných konfiguraèních údajù. +\item [TEXMFVAR] Strom pou¾íván programy \verb+texconfig+, \verb+updmap+ a + \verb+fmtutil+ na (cache) ulo¾ení runtime + údajù jako jsou soubory formátù a generované map-soubory. + Implicitnì pod \verb+$HOME+. %$ +\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] Strom pou¾íván programy \verb+texconfig-sys+, + \verb+updmap-sys+ a \verb+fmtutil-sys+ na (cache) ulo¾ení runtime + údajù jako jsou soubory formátù a generované map-soubory. +\end{ttdescription} + +Dal¹í rozhovor o~pøíkazu \texttt{texconfig} a pøíbuzných pomùckách, viz +oddíl~\ref{sec:texconfig}, na stranì~\pageref{sec:texconfig}. + + + +\subsection{Roz¹íøení \protect\TeX{}u} +\label{sec:tex-extensions} + +\TL{} obsahuje nìkolik roz¹íøených verzí \TeX{}u: + +\begin{description} + +\item [\eTeX] pøidává malou, ale mocnou mno¾inu nových +pøíkazù (nazývaných \TeX{}ové primitivy). +\label{text:etex} +Nové pøíkazy se napøíklad týkají makroexpanze, naèítání znakù, +tøíd znaèek (marks), a roz¹íøených ladicích mo¾ností, +a roz¹íøení \TeXXeT{} pro obousmìrnou sazbu. Implicitnì +je \eTeX{} 100\% kompatibilní se standardním \TeX{}em. +Viz~\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/etex_man.pdf}. +%B% \eTeX{} je nyní sázecím programem pro \LaTeX{} i pdf\LaTeX{}. + +\item [pdf\TeX] je schopen kromì \dvi{} zapisovat výsledek +i ve formátu PDF firmy Adobe. \LaTeX{}ový balík +\pkgname{hyperref} má volbu \singleuv{\optname{pdftex}}, +která aktivuje funkcionalitu programu. Viz +návod v adresáøi \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/} a +\OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/samplepdf/samplepdf.tex}. + +\item [pdfe\TeX] kombinuje roz¹íøení pdf\TeX\ a \eTeX. +Je to implicitní program pro v¹echny formáty kromì +plain \TeX u. Dokumentaci viz vý¹e. + +\item [\OMEGA\ (Omega)] je zalo¾ena na Unicode. +Umo¾òuje sázet v~témìø v¹ech +svìtových jazycích zároveò. Dociluje toho tzv. +pøekladovými procesy (\OMEGA{} Translation Processes, +\acro{OTP}) pro realizaci slo¾itých transformací +na jakémkoliv vstupu. Viz +\OnCD{texmf/doc-dist/omega/base/doc-1.8.tex} +(dokumentace v¹ak není zcela aktuální). + +\item [Aleph] kombinuje roz¹íøení \OMEGA\ a \eTeX. +Pro minimální dokumentaci viz \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base}. + +\end{description} + + +\subsection{Dal¹í za zmínku stojící programy na \protect\TeXLive} + +Na \TL{} najdete nìkolik èasto pou¾ívaných programù: + +\begin{cmddescription} + +\item [bibtex] podpora práce se seznamem literatury. + +\item [makeindex] vytváøení rejstøíku, pro èe¹tinu a sloven¹tinu +ve verzi \texttt{csindex}. + +\item [dvips] pro konverzi \dvi{} do \PS{}. + +\item [xdvi] prohlí¾eè \dvi{} pro systém X~Window. + +\item [dvilj] \dvi{} ovladaè tiskáren HP Laser\-Jet. + +\item [dv2dt, dt2dv] pro konverzi \dvi{} do/z~ascii textu. + +\item [dviconcat, dviselect] pro kopii a vkládání stránek +do/z \dvi{} souborù. + +\item [dvipdfmx] konvertor \dvi{} do \acro{PDF}, alternativní +pøístup vedle pdf\TeX{}u zmínìného vý¹e. Srovnej balíky +\pkgname{ps4pdf} a \pkgname{pdftricks} pro dal¹í +alternativy. + +\item [psselect, psnup, \ldots] programy pro práci s~\PS{}em. + +\item [lacheck] pro kontrolu syntaxe \LaTeX{}u. + +\item [texexec] wrapper pro Con\TeX{}t a práci s~\acro{PDF}. + +\item [tex4ht] konvertor \TeX{}u do \acro{HTML}. + +\end{cmddescription} + + +\section{Instalace na Unixu} +\label{sec:unix-install} + +Jak ji¾ bylo zmínìno v~oddíle~\ref{sec:basic} na stranì~\pageref{sec:basic}, +\TL{} má tøi základní u¾ití: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item pou¾ití pøímo z~média, +\item instalace na disk nebo +\item integrace konkrétního balíku èi kolekce do va¹í existující +\TeX{}ové instalace. +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent V~následujících sekcích popí¹eme +pro Unix specifické postupy pro ka¾dé vý¹e zmínìné u¾ití. + +\ifSingleColumn \begin{figure}[htb]\leavevmode\noindent \fi +\begin{warningbox} +\noindent\textbf{Varování:} Kolekce na \CD{} i \DVD{} jsou ve formátu +ISO 9660 (High Sierra), \emph{vèetnì}~roz¹íøení +Rock Ridge (a Joliet pro Windows). Proto vá¹ +unixový systém musí být schopen vyu¾ívat roz¹íøení +Rock Ridge. Ovìøte tedy v~dokumentaci pøíkazu \cmdname{mount}, +jak toho docílit. Pokud máte na své lokální síti +nìkolik rùzných strojù, namontujte média na takovém stroji, +který Rock Ridge podporuje, a pou¾ijte je na ostatních. + +Moderní systémy +%Linux, Free\acro{BSD}, Sun, a \acro{SGI} +%B% systémy Alpha +by mìly pou¾ívat disky bez problémù. V~pøípadì problémù nám dejte vìdìt. +V~dal¹ím pøedpokládáme, ¾e jste schopni namontovat +Rock Ridge kompatibilní \CD{}. +\end{warningbox} + +\ifSingleColumn\end{figure}\fi + +\subsection{Spou¹tìní \protect\TL{} pøímo z~média (Unix)} + +\def\runlive{% text repeated in windows section +\TeX{}ový systém mù¾ete spou¹tìt pøímo +%B% z~\pkgname{demo} \CD{} nebo +z~\pkgname{live} \DVD{}, bez instalace distribuce +na disk. (Odtud název \singleuv{\TeXLive}.) \TeX{} \emph{nejde} +spou¹tìt pøímo z~jiných %B% \pkgname{inst} +\CD{} (viz +oddíl~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} na stranì~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). +} + +%B% Na demo \CD{} najdete binárky pouze pro Linux, \MacOSX{} a Windows. +%B% Pro spou¹tìní na dal¹ích unixových systémech budete potøebovat \DVD. + +\def\startinst{% repeated in other subsections +Na zaèátku musíte namontovat \CD{} resp. \DVD{} a povolit +roz¹íøení Rock Ridge. Konkrétní pøíkaz se \emph{li¹í} systém od systému. +Ní¾e uvedené funguje pod Linuxem (název zaøízení +\filename{/dev/cdrom} se mù¾e li¹it, stejnì tak název +souborového systému: Solaris napøíklad pro ISO 9660 pou¾ívá název +\texttt{hsfs}\Dash souborový systém High Sierra). V¹echny pøíklady pou¾ívají +\texttt{>} jako prompt shellu, vstup u¾ivatele je \Ucom{\texttt{podtr¾ený}}.) +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Zmìòte aktuální adresáø do právì namontovaného adresáøe: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Pod \MacOSX{} je adresáø typicky pod +\dirname{/Volumes} a zaøízení bude namontováno automaticky. +} + +\def\installtlsh{ +Spus»te instalaèní dávku \filename{install-tl.sh}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh}\\ +Welcome to TeX Live... +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Po nìkolika uvítacích zprávách a zobrazení základního menu vás +systém ¾ádá o zadání volby. To uèiníte stiskem vybraného znaku +a zmáèknutím klávesy Enter (bez lomené závorky). Nezále¾í, zda pou¾íváte malá èi velká písmena; +v~ukázkách jsou pou¾ita malá. +} + +\runlive +\startinst +\installtlsh + + +Pro spou¹tìní z~média bude prvním pøíkazem \Ucom{d} a následnì +pøíkaz \Ucom{1} pro nastavení adresáøù. I~v~tomto pøípadì musíme +nastavit adresáø na lokálním disku, kam bude \TeX{} zapisovat soubory, +které generuje, jako fonty, formátové soubory, a také upravené +konfiguraèní soubory. V~tomto pøíkladì pou¾ijeme +\dirname{/opt/texlive2005}. +Je vhodné pøidat k~názvu také rok, proto¾e tyto generované soubory nejsou kompatibilní pro rùzné verze. +(Pokud jste spokojeni s~implicitní +hodnotou \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005} mù¾ete pokraèovat dal¹ím krokem.) +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{d} +Current directories setup: +<1> TEXDIR: /usr/local/texlive/2005 +... +Enter command: \Ucom{1} +New value for TEXDIR [/usr/TeX]: \Ucom{/opt/texlive2005} +... +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Zpátky v~hlavním menu, na¹ím dal¹ím a posledním pøíkazem bude +\Ucom{r} pro nastavení bìhu z~média bez instalace na disk: +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +Preparing destination directories... +... +Welcome to the TeX Live! +> +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Jak vidíte, jsme zpìt v~hlavním menu. + +Dal¹ím krokem je nastavení dvou promìnných prostøedí: +\envname{PATH} pro adresáø programù závislých na architektuøe OS +(abychom mohli spou¹tìt programy) a \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} na hodnoty +specifikované vý¹e. V~tabulce~\ref{tab:archlist} vidíte seznam jmen +architektur pro rùzné systémy. +%B% a také, zda jsou k~dispozici +%B% na \pkgname{demo} \CD. Na distribucích \pkgname{inst} a \pkgname{live} +%B% je k~dispozici v¹e. Kromì názvù obsahujících verzi jsou +%B% k~dispozici i názvy bez verzí: napøíklad +%B% \dirname{sparc-solaris} je odkaz na adresáø \dirname{sparc-solaris2.7}. +%B% Generická jména mohou pomoci pøi upgradech v~budoucnu. + +\def\textruntexconfig{% +Jakmile byla dokonèena základní instalace a byly nastaveny promìnné +prostøedí, posledním krokem je spu¹tìní programu +\cmdname{texconfig} nebo \cmdname{texconfig-sys} pro pøizpùsobení instalace specifickým potøebám. +To je popsáno v~oddíle~\ref{sec:texconfig} na stranì~\pageref{sec:texconfig}. +} +\textruntexconfig + +\begin{table*}[ht] +\caption[Podporované systémové architektury.]{Podporované +systémové architektury.} + +\label{tab:archlist} +\centering +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll} +alpha-linux & HP Alpha GNU/Linux \\ +%alphaev5-osf4.0d & HP Alphaev5 OSF \\ +%hppa2.0-hpux10.20 & HP9000 HPUX 10.20 \\ +i386-darwin & Intel x86 \MacOSX \\ +i386-freebsd & Intel x86 FreeBSD \\ +i386-linux & Intel x86 GNU/Linux \\ +%i386-openbsd3.3 & Intel x86 OpenBSD \\ +%i386-solaris2.8 & Intel x86 Solaris \\ +mips-irix & SGI IRIX \\ +powerpc-aix & IBM RS/6000 AIX \\ +powerpc-darwin & PowerPC \MacOSX \\ +sparc-linux & Sun Sparc GNU/Linux \\ +sparc-solaris & Sun Sparc Solaris \\ +win32 & Windows (32-bit) \\ +x86\_64-linux & Intel x86 64-bit GNU/Linux \\ +\hline +\end{tabular} +\end{table*} + +\label{text:path} +Syntax pro nastavení promìnných prostøedí a nastavení inicializaèního +souboru, který je obsahuje, závisí na pou¾ívaném shellu. Pokud pou¾íváte +Bourne-kompatibilní shell (\cmdname{sh}, \cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, +apod.), dejte si do svého souboru \filename{$HOME/.profile}: +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH; export PATH +TEXMFSYSVAR=/opt/texlive2005/texmf-var; export TEXMFVAR +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Pro C shell-kompatibilní shelly (\cmdname{csh}, +\cmdname{tcsh}) si dejte do +\filename{$HOME/.cshrc} toto: +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH +setenv TEXMFSYSVAR /opt/texlive2005/texmf-var +\end{alltt} + +%B% \def\donewithinst{ +\noindent +Pak se odhlaste, pøihlaste s~novým nastavením a otestujte svou instalaci +(viz oddíl~\ref{sec:test-install} na stranì~\pageref{sec:test-install}). +%B% }\donewithinst + +%B% \def\ifindoubt{% +\def\textifindoubt{% +Pokud narazíte na problémy, pokuste se je øe¹it se svým místním +systémovým administrátorem: jak namontovat média \TL{}, +jaké adresáøe pou¾ívat. Také detaily zmìn osobních +konfiguraèních souborù se mohou systém od systému li¹it.} +\textifindoubt +%B% \ifindoubt + +% +\subsection{Instalace \protect\TeX\protect\ Live na disk} +\label{sec:unix-install-disk} + +Dnes je mo¾ná, ba i typická, instalace distribuce \TL{} +na disk. To je mo¾né provést z~distribucí \pkgname{live} nebo +\pkgname{inst}. +%B% Provést ji lze buï z~\pkgname{live} +%B% \DVD, nebo z~\pkgname{inst} \CD. Také lze pou¾ít +%B% \pkgname{demo} \CD, pokud nepotøebujete na \CD{} vynechané balíky a +%B% systémy. +Popis rozdílù rùzných distribucí +najdete v~oddíle~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} na stranì~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}. + +%% CS specific extension paragraph +V pøípadì, ¾e ji¾ máte na disku star¹í instalaci \TL{}, +zaarchivujte si ji. Novou instalaci nelze instalovat pøes starou. +Pokud jste si ale dùslednì svoje roz¹íøení +instalovali do podstromù v~\path|$TEXMFLOCAL|, +po provedení nové instalace si v~ní tyto podstromy +rozbalte a docílíte tím vysoké míry zpìtnì kompatibility +instalací \TeXLive. + +\startinst +\installtlsh + +Tabulka~\ref{tab:main-menu-options} krátce uvádí volby hlavního menu. Poøadí, v~kterém vybíráte volby jen lehce ovlivòuje výsledek, jenom volba \Ucom{i} musí být poslední. Je rozumné procházet je v~poøadí uvedeném zde. + + +%B% Spus»te instalaèní dávku \filename{install-tl.sh}: +%B% \begin{alltt} +%B% > \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +%B% Welcome to TeX Live... +%B% \end{alltt} + +%B% \firstinstcommand + +%B% Objeví se úvodní seznam mo¾ností hlavního menu. +%B% Poøadí, ve kterém zvolíte jednotlivé mo¾nosti, nehraje roli, +%B% jen volba \Ucom{i} musí být poslední. Je smysluplné projít mo¾nosti ve +%B% zde prezentovaném poøadí. + +% apparently here.sty [H] doesn't support table*. +\begin{table}[H] +\caption{Volby hlavního menu pro instalaci} +\label{tab:main-menu-options} +\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{}>{\ttfamily}lX@{}} +p & %B% Operaèní systém +Platforma, kterou pou¾íváme.\\ +b & Instalované architektury.\\ +s & Základní instalaèní schéma, které bude pou¾ité (minimal, recommended, + full, apod.).\\ +c & Prioritní volba jednotlivých kolekcí (nezávislá na schématu).\\ +l & Prioritní volba jazykových kolekcí.\\ +d & Adresáøe, do nich¾ se bude instalovat.\\ +o & Dal¹í volby.\\ +i & Vlastní instalace. +\end{tabularx} +\end{table} + +Zde je detailní popis jednotlivých voleb. + +\textbf{\optname{p} -- Pou¾ívaná platforma.} Jeliko¾ instalaèní skript +automaticky hádá, na jaké platformì bì¾í, tato volba se vìt¹inou nemusí +pøenastavovat a je potøeba pouze tehdy, kdy¾ chcete potlaèit +automatickou detekci. + +\textbf{\optname{b} -- Instalované architektury.} Implicitnì se +instalují binárky pouze pro právì pou¾ívanou platformu. Je zde ale +mo¾nost si vybrat i dal¹í podporované platformy (anebo +zru¹it výbìr právì pou¾ívané platformy). +To mù¾e být vhodné pøi sdílení \TeX{}ového stromu v~heterogenní síti. +Pøehled podporovaných architektur je v~tabulce~\ref{tab:archlist} +na stranì~\pageref{tab:archlist}. + +\textbf{\optname{s} -- Základní instalaèní schéma.} +Z~tohoto menu mù¾ete vybrat nìkterou z~pøedpøipravených +mno¾in sbírek balíkù (instalaèních schémat). +Implicitní je \optname{full} schéma pro instalaci v¹ech balíkù dostupných na médiu, +ale mù¾ete zvolit také \optname{basic} schéma pro minimální systém anebo \optname{medium} +schéma pro nìco uprostøed. +Najdete zde také schémata pro u¾ivatele Ome\-gy a \acro{XML}. +%B% Schéma \pkgname{Live} je pou¾íváno pro vytváøení dal¹ích +%B% \TL{} distribucí a obvykle není vhodné pro výbìr na +%B% bì¾nou instalaci. + +\textbf{\optname{c} -- Prioritní volba jednotlivých kolekcí.} +Z~tohoto menu vyberete jednotlivé instalaèní kolekce, +které jsou výjimkami ze zvoleného instalaèního schématu. +%B% Ka¾dá kolekce\Dash makra \TeX u, fonty \MF{} atd. +%B% \Dash sestává z~nìkolika balíèkù. +Kolekce jsou o úroveò ní¾ ne¾ schémata \Dash kolekce tvoøí +jeden nebo více balíkù, balíèky (nejni¾¹í úroveò +seskupování v~\TeXLive) obsahují aktuální soubory +maker \TeX u, rodiny fontù atd. V~tomto menu hraje pøi výbìru +roli volba malých a velkých písmen. + +\textbf{\optname{l} -- Prioritní volba jazykových kolekcí.} +to override the collection set in the chosen +scheme. +Toto menu má stejné urèení jako +\Ucom{c}, a to urèit výjimky vybraného instalaèního schématu, +pøièem¾ kolekce jsou utøídìny dle podpory sazby rùzných jazykù. +Malá a velká písmena jsou opìt pøi volbách odli¹ována. +Seznam jazykových kolekcí na \TeXLive: + +% xx really should generate list from texmf/tpm/collection/tex-lang* +% a la install-tl.sh. +%\ifnum\Status=3 +\iftrue\begingroup \small \fi +\begin{tabbing} +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.23\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.18\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.32\linewidth} \kill +(some) African scripts \> +Arabic \> +Armenian \> +Chinese\,Japanese\,Korean \\ +Croatian \> +Cyrillic \> +Czech/Slovak \> +Danish \\ +Dutch \> +Finnish \> +French \> +German \\ +Greek \> +Hebrew \> +Hungarian \> +Indic \\ +Italian \> +Latin \> +Manju \> +Mongolian \\ +Norwegian \> +Polish \> +Portuguese \> +Spanish \\ +Swedish \> +Tibetan \> +\acro{UK} English \> +Vietnamese \\ +\end{tabbing} + +\iftrue +%\ifnum\Status=3 +\endgroup \fi + +\noindent Jazykové kolekce typicky obsahují fonty, makra, vzory +dìlení a dal¹í pomocné soubory. +(Napøíklad \pkgname{frenchle.sty} je instalován pokud zvolíte +volbu \optname{French}.) Navíc instalací jazykové kolekce +bude zmìnìn obsah konfiguraèního souboru \filename{language.dat}, +který urèuje, jaké vzory dìlení budou vlo¾eny do formátù. + +\textbf{\optname{d} -- Instalaèní adresáøe.} Tyto adresáøe mohou být +zmìnìny takto: +\label{text:instdir} + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXDIR] Koøenový adresáø, do kterého bude v¹e +instalováno. Implicitní hodnota je \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005}, a +je obvykle mìnìna. Doporuèujeme do názvu pøidat rok, co vám umo¾ní +mít nìkolik rùzných +verzí \TL{} vedle sebe. + +(Pak si mù¾ete udìlat symbolický +odkaz kupøíkladu na název \dirname{/usr/local/texlive} nezávislý na verzi, který mù¾e být aktualizován po otestování +nové verze.) + +Pod \MacOSX{} obvykle \TeX{}ové nadstavby hledají +\TeX{} v~\dirname{/usr/local/teTeX}, co¾ je proto na tomto OS +doporuèený adresáø pro instalaci. + +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] Do tohoto adresáøe bude systém \TeX{} +%B% instalaèní dávky instalovat + (ne jako èást pùvodní instalace, ale spí¹e jako doplnìk) ukládat + soubory nezávislé na verzi distribuce, napøíklad fonty. + Implicitní hodnota je \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local}, + nezávislá na aktuální verzi \TL{}, proto¾e to je také doporuèené + umístìní na ukládaní v¹ech lokálních balíkù a konfiguraèních souborù. + +\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] Do tohoto podstromu budou instalovány a ukládány + soubory, které \emph{jsou} specifické pro danou verzi distribuce, + napøíklad formátové soubory, konfiguraèní soubory modifikované +konfiguraèním programem \cmdname{texconfig-sys}. Implicitní +hodnota je \dirname{TEXDIR/texmf-var} a obvykle není dùvod ji mìnit. +\cmdname{texconfig} hledá modifikované konfiguraèní údaje také v~adresáøi promìnné + \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}. Pro dal¹í informace viz +oddíl~\ref{sec:texconfig}, strana~\pageref{sec:texconfig}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +\textbf{\optname{o} -- Dal¹í volby.} +Zde mù¾ete zvolit následující obecné volby: +%B% ze tøí mo¾ností ovliv\v{n}ujících instalaci: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [a] Volba alternativního adresáøe pro generované fonty. + Standardnì je pou¾it podstrom \envname{TEXMFVAR}, zmínìný vý¹e. + Nastavení je u¾iteèné, pokud plánujete montovat hlavní strom pouze + pro ètení, a proto jiný adresáø (napøíklad specifický pro daný + stroj) potøebujete pro dynamicky generované fonty. + +\item [l] Volba vytváøení symbolických odkazù pro binárky, + manové stránky a\slash nebo + soubory \acro{GNU} Info v~dal¹ích adresáøích. Napøíklad mù¾ete chtít + mít manové stránky v~\dirname{/usr/local/man} a + Info soubory v~\dirname{/usr/local/info}. (Samozøejmì musíte mít + oprávnìní zápisu do tìchto adresáøù.) + +Neradíme pøepsat vá¹ systém \TeX\ s~touto volbou. +Je zamý¹lena v první øadì na vytvoøení odkazù v~standardních adresáøích, +které znají u¾ivatelé, napøíklad \dirname{/usr/local/bin}, +které ji¾ neobsahují ¾ádné \TeX ovské soubory. + +\item [d] Volba pro vynechání instalace stromu dokumentace + fontù a maker. To je u¾iteèné, pokud jste dokumentaci ji¾ instalovali + nebo chcete u¹etøit místo. + +\item [s] Volba pro vynechání instalace hlavního podstromu s~makry a + fonty. To je u¾iteèné, pokud instalujete na rùzných architekturách se + sdíleným hlavním stromem pøes \acro{NFS}. %B% nebo \cmdname{automount}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +\textbf{i -- Vlastní instalace.} Pokud jste si ovìøili v¹echna nastavení +a mo¾nosti konfigurace, zvolte \Ucom{i}, èím¾ se spustí instalace do +vybraných adresáøù. + +Po ukonèení instalace je dal¹ím +krokem umístìní (na architektuøe závislého) podadresáøe +adresáøe \dirname{TEXDIR/bin} do promìnné prostøedí +\envname{PATH}, aby se novì instalované programy na¹ly. +%% veta pridana PS +To nemusí být nezbytné v~pøípadì vytvoøení symbolických odkazù. +Seznam názvù architektur najdete v~tabulce~\ref{tab:archlist} na +stranì~\pageref{tab:archlist} nebo si vypi¹te obsah adresáøe +\dirname{TEXDIR/bin}. + +Pøesná syntax pro provedení vý¹e popsané zmìny a pou¾itá +startovací dávka u¾ivatele zále¾í na shellu, který pou¾íváte. +Pokud je to Bourne-kompatibilní shell (\cmdname{sh}, +\cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, apod.), pøidejte si do svého +souboru \filename{$HOME/.profile} toto: + +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2005/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH; export PATH +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Pro C shell-kompatibilní shelly (\cmdname{csh}, +\cmdname{tcsh}) si dejte do svého \filename{$HOME/.cshrc} tohle: +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /usr/local/texlive/2005/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH +\end{alltt} + +%B% \runtexconfig +\textruntexconfig + +Ní¾e uvádíme minimální okomentovaný pøíklad, který pøijímá implicitní adresáøe a instaluje binárky +pouze pro aktuální OS. Tudí¾ pro instalaci je potøebný jediný pøíkaz \Ucom{i}. Znak \texttt{>} je +pobídka operaèního systému jako obvykle. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +\Ucom{i} # proveï instalaci +> \Ucom{texconfig} ... # viz oddíl \ref{sec:texconfig} +# nastavení promìnné PATH, napøíklad pro Linux: +> \Ucom{PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2005/bin/i386-linux:$PATH; export PATH} +\end{alltt} + +%B% \ifindoubt +\textifindoubt + + +% +\subsection{Instalace jednotlivých balíkù na disk} + +%B% Pokud chcete +Mù¾ete pøidat jednotlivé balíky èi kolekce z~nové distribuce +do existující pøedchozí instalace \TL{} nebo i jiné +instalace \TeX{}u, mající jinou adresáøovou strukturu. +%B% , mù¾ete tak uèinit z~\pkgname{demo} \CD{} +%B% nebo z~\pkgname{live} \DVD{}, ale \emph{ne} z~\pkgname{inst} +%B% \CD. (Viz oddíl~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} na +%B% stranì~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}.) + +\startinst + +Spus»te instalaèní dávku \filename{install-pkg.sh} (ne +\filename{install-tl.sh}, která je urèena pouze pro úplnou instalaci): +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh \var{options}} +\end{alltt} + +První sada voleb urèuje, co se naète: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-package=\var{pkgname}] Jednotlivý balík k~instalaci. + +\item [-{}-collection=\var{colname}] Kolekce k~instalaci. + +\item [-{}-nodoc] Neinstalovat dokumentaci. + +\item [-{}-nosrc] Neinstalovat zdrojové soubory. + +\item [-{}-cddir=\var{dir}] Zdrojový adresáø pro ètení; implicitnì je + to aktuální adresáø. Pokud jste postupovali podle vý¹e uvedených + instrukcí, bude to distribuèní adresáø a není potøeba ho mìnit. + +\item [-{}-listdir=\var{dir}] Takzvaný \singleuv{lists} adresáø pod +\var{cddir}, odkud se ètou informace o~balících. +%B% Implicitní hodnota je +%B% \texttt{\emph{cddir}/texmf/tpm/lists}. +Jediný dùvod mìnit implicitní hodnotu je +v~pøípadì provádìní zmìn pøímo do \TL{}. +\end{ttdescription} + +Co se provede, je urèeno následujícími pøepínaèi. +Pokud není ¾ádný specifikován, implicitní akcí je instalace vybraných +souborù. Hlavní výstupní adresáø je urèen expanzí promìnné +\envname{\$TEXMFMAIN} pomocí programu \cmdname{kpsewhich}. Mù¾ete to +zmìnit nastavením promìnných prostøedí \envname{TEXMFMAIN} nebo +\envname{TEXMF}. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-listonly] Pouze vypí¹e soubory, které by se instalovaly, +ale nic neinstaluje. + +\item [-{}-archive=\var{tarfile}] Místo instalace souborù do +\TeX{}ového systému vytváøí \cmdname{tar} archív. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Dal¹í volby: + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [-{}-config] Po instalaci spus» \code{texconfig init}. + +\item [-{}-nohash] Po instalaci nespou¹tìj \cmdname{mktexlsr} pro + aktualizaci databáze souborù. + +\item [-{}-verbose] Detailní výpisy pøi bìhu dávek. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Zde je pár pøíkladù: + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item Prohlédnutí souborù v~balíku \pkgname{fancyhdr} bez jeho instalace: + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr --listonly} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr \bs} +> \Ucom{--listonly} +\fi{} +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/README +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf +... +\end{alltt} + +\item Instalace \LaTeX{}ovského balíku \pkgname{natbib}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=natbib} +\end{alltt} + +\item Instalace \LaTeX{}ovského balíku \pkgname{alg} bez zdrojových souborù + a dokumentace: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=alg --nosrc --nodoc} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=alg \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-nosrc -{}-nodoc} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\item Instalace v¹ech balíkù z~kolekce dodateèných maker pro +plain \TeX{}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --collection=tex-plainextra} +\end{alltt} + +\item Zapsání v¹ech souborù balíku \pkgname{pstricks} do souboru +\cmdname{tar} v~\path|/tmp|: +\ifnum\Status=3 \begingroup\small \fi +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=pstricks --archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\else +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=pstricks \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\fi\end{alltt} +\ifnum\Status=3 \endgroup \fi + +\end{enumerate} + +%B% \ifindoubt +\textifindoubt + + +% +\section{Po instalaci} +\label{sec:postinstall} + +Jakmile je hlavní instalace hotova, pro ka¾dý OS je tøeba dokonfigurovat +systém pro své potøeby a provést základní testy a ovìøení funkènosti. + +Dal¹ím druhem následné èinnosti je instalace balíkù, fontù a programù, +které nebyly obsa¾eny na \TL{}. Základní my¹lenkou je tato +roz¹íøení instalovat do podstromu \envname{TEXMFLOCAL}, pokud jste +instalovali na disk, a \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR}, pokud spou¹títe systém z~\CD{} +èi \DVD{}. Více viz volbu \uv{Instalaèní adresáøe} na stranì~\pageref{text:instdir}. + +Bohu¾el detaily se li¹í balík od balíku, tak¾e zde instalaèní instrukce +neuvádíme. %B% Nahlédnìte prosím do +Zde jsou nìkteré externí odkazy pro dobrý popis: +\begin{itemize*} +\item +\url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=instpackages} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/installationadvice} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/beginlatex/html/chapter5.html#pkginst} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/Type1fonts} konkrétnì pro instalaèní informace pro +fonty. +\end{itemize*} + +\subsection{Program \protect\cmdname{texconfig}} +\label{sec:texconfig} + +Kdykoliv po instalaci lze pou¾ít program +\cmdname{texconfig} pro konfiguraci systému. +Program je instalován v~podadresáøi závislém na architektuøe, +le¾ícím v~\texttt{TEXDIR/bin/\var{arch}} spolu se v¹ím ostatním. + +Pokud program spustíte bez argumentù, pøejde do celostránkového re¾imu a +budete moci mìnit nastavení interaktivnì. + +Mù¾ete ho také spustit s øadou voleb z~pøíkazové øádky. Zde jsou +nejèastìji u¾ívané~\mbox{volby} (\TL{} je nakonfigurován +implicitnì na papír velikosti A4): + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [texconfig paper letter] nastavení implicitní velikosti + papíru \acro{US} letter pro rùzné programy a ovladaèe + (\cmdname{pdftex}, \cmdname{dvips}, \cmdname{dvipdfm}, + \cmdname{xdvi}). Jiná povolená velikost je \optname{a4}, + která je implicitní. + +%B% \item [texconfig xdvi us] Toté¾, pro \cmdname{xdvi}. + +%\item [texconfig localsetup] Verifikace správnosti nastavení cest. + +\item [texconfig rehash] Po pøidání nebo odebrání souborù aktualizuj v¹echny \TeX{}ové +\uv{databáze souborù}. + + +\item [texconfig faq] Uka¾ \acro{FAQ} \teTeX{}u. +(Viz také hlavní \TeX{} \acro{FAQ} +v~podadresáøi \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en} +na \TeXLive.) + +\item [texconfig help] Výpis základních informací pro \cmdname{texconfig}. +\end{ttdescription} + +Samozøejmì \cmdname{texconfig} %B% podporuje +mù¾e podpoøit zmìnu pouze nìkterých z~mnoha +parametrù \TeX{}ové instalace. Hlavní konfiguraèní soubor pro programy +\Webc{} se jmenuje \filename{texmf.cnf}. Jeho umístìní najdete pøíkazem +\samp{kpsewhich texmf.cnf}. Soubor obsahuje mnohé poznámky vysvìtlující +základní nastavení a mo¾né alternativy. + +V roku 2005 \cmdname{texconfig} mìní soubory v~adresáøích u¾ivatele, +a sice v~\dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}. Kdy¾ instalujete \TeX\ +jen pro sebe, je nepravdìpodobné, ¾e nastene rozdíl. Av¹ak pøi instalaci +\TeX u na více-u¾ivatelském systému, budete chtít pozmìnit konfiguraci celého systému. +V~tom pøípadì spus»te \cmdname{texconfig-sys} namísto \cmdname{texconfig}. + +Podobnì byli zmìneny skripty \cmdname{updmap} a \cmdname{fmtutil}, na práci +v~\dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}. Na zmìnu systémových adresáøù pou¾ijte +pøíkazy \cmdname{updmap-sys} a \cmdname{fmtutil-sys}. + + +Pøedev¹ím, pøi víceu¾ivatelských systémech, budete pravdìpodobnì chtít +pøíkazem \texttt{fmtutil-sys --missing} pøedgenerovat standartní formáty. +Jinak ka¾dý u¾ivatel skonèí pøi svých vlastních formátech. + +Rovnì¾, kdy¾ máte vlastní pozmìnìnou kopii souboru \filename{fmtutil.cnf} +nebo \filename{updmap.cfg}, namísto pou¾ití souborù vytvoøených pøi +instalaci, tyto musí být nainstalovány ve stromì, na který odkazuje promìnná + \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}. + +Seznam promìnných urèujících adresáøe pozmìnené tìmito pøíkazy je uveden +v~oddíle section~\ref{sec:texmftrees}, strana~\pageref{sec:texmftrees}. +Nynìj¹í adresáøe mù¾ete vidìt spu¹tìním povelu \texttt{texconfig conf} +a mìnit je mù¾ete editací souboru \filename{texmf.cnf}. + + + +\subsection{Testování instalace} +\label{sec:test-install} + +Po nainstalování \TL{} pøirozenì chcete +systém otestovat a zaèít vytváøet nádherné dokumenty a\slash nebo fonty. + +Tento oddíl popisuje základní postupy testování funkènosti nového +systému pod Unixem. Pod \MacOSX{} a +Windows budete patrnì spou¹tìt testy pøes u¾ivatelské grafické rozhraní +(\acro{GUI}), ale principy jsou stejné. + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Nejprve ovìøte, zda se spustí program \cmdname{tex}: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{tex -{}-version} +TeX 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.5) +kpathsea version 3.5.5 +... +\end{alltt} +Pokud obdr¾íte hlá¹ku s~`command not found' místo vý¹e uvedeného, patrnì +nemáte nastavený správný podadresáø +\dirname{bin} v~promìnné prostøedí \envname{PATH}. Vra»te se na +informace o jejich nastavování na stranì~\pageref{text:path}. + +\item Pøelo¾te ukázkový soubor \LaTeX{}u: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{latex sample2e.tex} +> This is pdfeTeXk, Version 3.141592... +Output written on sample2e.dvi (3 pages, 7496 bytes). +Transcript written on sample2e.log. +\end{alltt} +Pokud sel¾e nalezení souboru \filename{sample2e.tex} nebo jiných +souborù, patrnì máte aktivní stará nastavení promìnných prostøedí nebo +konfiguraèních souborù. +Pro hlub¹í analýzu a dohledání problému mù¾ete kdykoliv po¾ádat +\TeX{} o detaily toho, co a kde hledá: viz \uv{Ladicí mo¾nosti} +na stranì~\pageref{Debugging}. + +\item Prohlédnìte si výsledek na obrazovce: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{xdvi sample2e.dvi} +\end{alltt} +(Pod Windows je analogický pøíkaz \cmdname{windvi}.) Mìlo by se +otevøít nové okno s~pìkným dokumentem popisujícím základy +\LaTeX{}u. (Mimochodem, stojí za pøeètení, pokud zaèínáte.) +Musíte mít spu¹tìny +X~Window, aby \cmdname{xdvi} pracovalo. Pokud tomu tak není nebo máte +¹patnì nastavenou promìnnou prostøedí +\envname{DISPLAY}, dostanete chybovou hlá¹ku \samp{Can't open display}. + +\item Vytvoøte \PS{}ový soubor pro tisk nebo prohlí¾ení: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips sample2e.dvi -o sample2e.ps} +\end{alltt} + +\item Vytvoøte \acro{PDF} soubor místo \dvi{}; tento pøíkaz +ze~souboru \filename{.tex} vytvoøí \acro{PDF} pøímo: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{pdflatex sample2e.tex} +\end{alltt} + +\item Prohlédnìte si \acro{PDF} soubor: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{gv sample2e.pdf} +\textrm{nebo:} +> \Ucom{xpdf sample2e.pdf} +\end{alltt} +Bohu¾el ani \cmdname{gv} ani \cmdname{xpdf} nejsou v~souèasné dobì na +\TL{} a musíte je instalovat separátnì. Viz +\url{http://www.gnu.org/software/gv} a +\url{http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf}. + +\item Dal¹í standardní testovací soubory, které mohou být u¾iteèné: + +\begin{ttdescription} +%B% \item [docstrip.tex] Vytvoøení \TeX{}ového zdroje èi dokumentace ze +%B% souboru~\samp{.dtx}. +\item [small2e.tex] Ukázkový dokument, je¹tì krat¹í ne¾ +\filename{sample2e}. +\item [testpage.tex] Test, jestli va¹e tiskárna neposunuje tiskové zrcadlo. +\item [nfssfont.tex] Pro tisk tabulek fontù a testù fontù. +\item [testfont.tex] Pro toté¾, ale pro plain \TeX{}. +\item [story.tex] Základní (plain) \TeX{}ový testovací soubor. +Musíte napsat \samp{\bs bye} na výzvu \code{*} po \samp{tex +story.tex}. +\end{ttdescription} +Mù¾ete si vyzkou¹et pøelo¾it tyto soubory podobnì, jak bylo popsáno +testování s~\filename{sample2e.tex}. + +\end{enumerate} + +Pokud jste \TeX{}ový zaèáteèník nebo potøebujete pomoc s~vytváøením +\TeX{}ových, respektive \LaTeX{}ových dokumentù, nav¹tivte +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html} kvùli úvodním informaèním pramenùm. + + +\section{Instalace pod \MacOSX{}} +\label{sec:mac-install} + +Doporuèený zpùsob instalace \TeX{}u pod \MacOSX\ je pou¾ití distribuce Mac\TeX\, +novinky roku 2005. Ta je poskytnuta na \pkgname{live} +\DVD{} v~koøenovém adresáøi \dirname{mactex/}. Obsahuje vlastní (obvyklý) instalátor +pro plnou \TeX{}ovou distribuci, zalo¾enou na kombinaci te\TeX{}u a \TL{}, spoleènì +s~mnoha doplòkovými aplikacemi a dokumentací. Domovská stránka projektu je \url{http://tug.org/mactex}. + +Kdy¾ chcete, instalce \TeX{}u pod \MacOSX{} mù¾e být provedena pøímo z~\TL{} pou¾itím skriptù +\filename{install*} následujícím zpusobem. + + +Abyste spustili instalaèní dávky pod \MacOSX, musíte mít nainstalovaný +shell \cmdname{bash}. Pokud máte \MacOSX~10.2 +a vy¹¹í, \cmdname{bash} ji¾ máte a mù¾ete pokraèovat. Pokud máte star¹í +verzi, implicitní shell je \cmdname{zsh}, a ten nebude fungovat; +budete muset získat \cmdname{bash} z~Internetu, anebo +spí¹ aktualizovat sv\r{u}j systém. +%B% prosíme nahlédnìte do pododdílu~\ref{sec:mac-bash} na +%B% stranì~\pageref{sec:mac-bash} pro instrukce, jak instalovat \cmdname{bash}. + +Jakmile máte \cmdname{bash}, lze pokraèovat dle dokumentace k~unixové +instalaci popsané v~pøedchozích sekcích: +viz oddíl~\ref{sec:unix-install} na +stranì~\pageref{sec:unix-install}; \MacOSX-specifické poznámky jsou +pøilo¾eny v~místech, kde je to tøeba. + +\section{Instalace pod Windows} +\label{sec:win-install} + + +V~tomto vydání \TL{}, Bohu dík, má distribuce znovu obvyklý windowsový +instalátor, jmenovitì \cmdname{tlpmgui.exe}. (Na vysvìtlení jiných distribucí viz +stránku \pageref{sec:multiple-dist} sekce~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}.) + +\cmdname{tlpmgui} má v~podstatì stejné volby jako unixový +instalátor, jen jsou udìlány pomocí GUI interface: schémata voleb, +individuální sbírky, instalaèní adresáøe, atd. +Sekce~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} na stránce~\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk} +popisuje základní prvky. +Jsou umo¾nìny té¾ nìkteré poinstalaèní aktivity, jako +napøíklad pøidání/odebrání balíkù nebo aktualizace databázy názvù souborù +a generování formátù. +Navíc, \cmdname{tlpmgui} mù¾e nastavit systém pro spou¹tìní programù pøímo z~\DVD. + +Pro ty, kteøí se rádi dívají pod poklièku, \cmdname{tlpmgui} pou¾ívá +jako svùj \uv{stroj} +windowsovký interpret pøíkazových øádkù nazvaný \cmdname{tlpm}. + +Windowsovský systém \TeX{} obsa¾ený v~\TL{} je zalo¾en na nových binárkách +vypùjèených z~projektu \XEmTeX{}, známém døíve jako \fpTeX{} (viz +\url{http://www.metz.supelec.fr/~popineau/xemtex-1.html}). +Obsahuje také nìkteré star¹í (ale stále funkèní) nástroje, pøedev¹ím \texttt{dvi} prohlí¾eè, +\textsf{Windvi}, který je pøi pou¾ívání podobný na zavedený unixovský \textsf{xdvi}. +Dokumentace je k~nalezení +na \OnCD{texmf/doc/html/windvi/windvi.html}. + +\TL{} mù¾e být instalován na systémech Windows 98, \acro{ME}, +\acro{NT}, \acro{2K} nebo \acro{XP}. Star¹í verze Windows (3.1x) +a \acro{MS-DOS} \emph{nejsou} podporovány. + + +\textbf{Varování: u¾ivatelé Win9x si musí pøed instalací + ovìøit, zda mají dost místa pro ulo¾ení hodnot promìnných prostøedí. + Program \cmdname{tlpmgui.exe} jim velikost tohoto prostoru nezvý¹í. + V~prùbìhu instalace bude nastaveno nìkolik promìnných prostøedí + a je mo¾né, ¾e implicitní velikost pøekroèíte. + Pøidejte si øádek \texttt{SHELL=<path>COMMAND.COM /E:4096 /P} + pro zvý¹ení prostoru pro promìnné do svého souboru + \file{config.sys}.} + + +\subsection{Instalace \protect\TeX\protect\ Live na disk} + +Po vlo¾ení CD \TL{} do \acro{CD} mechaniky, by mìl autorun aktivovat program +\cmdname{tlpmgui}. Pokud tomu tak není, kliknìte na \guiseq{Start\arw Spustit}, +a napi¹te \verb|<drive letter>:\setup-win32\tplmgui.exe|, +(nebo\hfill\\ +\verb|<drive letter>:\texlive\setup-win32\tplmgui.exe| kdy¾ instalujete +z~TeX Collection DVD), kde +\verb|<cdrom drive letter>| je písmeno \acro{CD} mechaniky s~CD TeX Live +(nebo TeX Collection DVD), pak kliknìte na OK. + +Otevøe se instalaèní okno s~názvem \guiseq{TeX Live installation and maintenance +utility}. Obsahuje následující oddíly: \guiseq{Main +customization}, \guiseq{Install}, \guiseq{Select a scheme}, \guiseq{Select +systems}, \guiseq{Directories} a \guiseq{Options}. + +V~oddíle \guiseq{Directories} by mìla být vyznaèena instalaèní +mechanika (adresáø) za tlaèítkem +\guiseq{CD/DVD} (napø., \texttt{F:/} nebo \texttt{F:/texlive/} pro DVD), ale pokud +tomu tak není, +tak kliknìte na tlaèítko \guiseq{CD/DVD} a zvolte mechaniku \acro{CD/DVD} +s~CD \TL{} (nebo TeX Collection DVD). + +Adresáø, do kterého chcete instalovat softvér, mù¾e být nastaven kliknutím na tlaèítko \guiseq{TLroot}. +Tento adresáø bude nastaven pro pozdìj¹í pou¾ití jako promìnná prostøedí \path|TLroot|. Promìnné prostøedí \path|TEXMFTEMP| a +\path|TEXMFCNF| zobrazené za tlaèítky \guiseq{TEXMFTEMP} a +\guiseq{TEXMFCNF} budou opraveny automaticky a nastaveny po dobu +instalace, av¹ak mohou být nastaveny také ruènì kdy¾ je nutné pøizpùsobit +je zvlá¹tním potøebám. + +V~oddíle \guiseq{Select a scheme} je potøebné zvolit po¾adované instalaèní schéma \TL{} +kliknutím na výbìrové okénko obsahující instalaèní schéma (napø., \guiseq{scheme-gust}). +Ka¾dé schéma má pøipojené tlaèítko \guiseq{Info}, které po kliknutí zobrazí struèný popis +odpovídajíciho schématu. + +Schéma je rozsáhlá sada souborù odpovídající urèitému zpùsobu pou¾ití. +Jsou tam základní (generic) schémata +pro instalace minimální, støední a ùplnou (basic, medium a full). +Dal¹í jsou urèena typickým potøebám jednotlivých +skupin u¾ivatelù (co polské sdru¾ení GUST nebo francouzský +GUTenberg doporuèuje svým èlenùm) nebo aplikaènímu zamìøení +(XML a \TeX{}). + +Pøeddefinované schéma mù¾e být modifikováno. +To se vykoná v~oddíle \guiseq{Main customization} +volbou doplòkových sbírek z~kolekcí \uv{Standard} nebo \uv{Language}. +Napøíklad kliknutím na tlaèítko \guiseq{Select} oznaèené +\guiseq{Standard collections}, mù¾ou být zvoleny pro instalaci +doplòkové sbírky, jako napø. METAPOST, Omega nebo dokumentace v~rùzných jazycích. + +\textbf{Poznámka:} Sady \guiseq{Ghostscript}, \guiseq{Perl} a \guiseq{Wintools} +jsou pøedvoleny a mìly by být nainstalovány, leda¾e byste je mìli +u¾ nainstalované a +opravdu víte, co dìláte. Je to proto, ¾e tyto jsou po¾adovány +mnoha dùle¾itými nástroji. +Promìnné prostøedí \verb|PERL5LIB| a \verb|GS_LIB| budou nastaveny také. + +Dále, kliknutím na tlaèítko \guiseq{Select} oznaèené \guiseq{Language +Collections} v~oddíle\guiseq{Main customization} se otevøe okno +\guiseq{Language collections} v~kterém mù¾e být zvolen instalaèní jazyk +za¹krtnutím políèka vedle jazyka. + +Dále, pro spu¹tìní odpovídajícího instalaèního procesu kliknìte +na tlaèítko \guiseq{Install} v~oddíle \guiseq{Install}. + +Systém \TL{} vy¾aduje nìkteré poinstalaèní kroky (generování formátù, +ls-R databází, nastavení promìnných prostøedí, atd.). +V¹echny tyto operace se vykonají, nìkteré mù¾ou trvat déle. +Poèkejte, prosím, dokud neuvidíte oznámení o úspì¹ném ukonèení instalace. + +Odkaz na \cmdname{tlpmgui} bude pøidán k~menu +\guiseq{Start\arw Programy\arw TeXLive2005}. + +V~pøípadì potøeby (Win9x/WinME) budete po¾ádáni restartovat vá¹ poèítaè. + + +\subsection{Podpùrné balíky pro Windows} +\label{sec:win-xemtex} + +Pro úplnost, instalace \TL{} potøebuje dal¹í balíky a programy, +které na stroji s~Windows obvykle nenajdete. +Mnoho skriptù je napsáno v~jazyce Perl. Nìkteré dùle¾ité nástroje +pou¾ívají interpret \PS{}u \GS{} pro rastrování èi konverzi souborù. +Mnohdy jsou tøeba programy pro práci s~grafikou. V~neposlední øadì, +speciální editor usnadòuje psaní va¹ich \TeX{}ových souborù. + +V¹echny tyto nástroje se dají lehce pro OS Windows najít, ale abychom +vám usnadnili ¾ivot, dali jsme sadu tìchto programù pøímo na +\TeXLive: +\begin{itemize*} +\item GNU \GS{} 7.07, +\item minimální verzi \cmdname{Perl}u 5.8, dostateènou pro spu¹tìní +perlových dávek na \TL{}, +\item win-tools je sada malých programù (bzip2, gzip, jpeg2ps + a tiff2png) +%\item podmno¾inu programu \cmdname{ImageMagick} 5.5.6, +%\item korektor pravopisu \cmdname{ISpell} a +%\item editor \cmdname{XEmacs} 21.5.14 s~výbìrem balíkù podporujících +% vývoj \TeX{}ových dokumentù. +\end{itemize*} + +Tyto balíky jsou vypùjèeny z~distribuce \XEmTeX{} +(nástupce fp\TeX u). + +\cmdname{Perl} a \GS{} jsou instalovány implicitnì; mù¾ete je odznaèit bìhem +instalace kdy¾ u¾ je máte nainstalovány. + +Pokud tuto kolekci instalovat nechcete, +nainstalujte si dodateèné nástroje k~zúplnìní +systému \TL{} sami. Zde je seznam míst, odkud +si tyto nástroje mù¾ete stáhnout: + +\begin{description} +\item[\GS{}] \url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/} +\item[Perl] \url{http://www.activestate.com/} (ale je mo¾né, ¾e budete potøebovat + stáhnout pomocné balíky z~CPANu: \url{http://www.cpan.org/}) +\item[ImageMagick] \url{http://www.imagemagick.com/} +\item[NetPBM] (místo Image\-Magicku pro konverzi grafiky). + Domovská stránka NetPBM je \url{http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/} +\item[\TeX{}ové editory] Máte ¹iroký výbìr a je to + individuální volba. Mo¾nosti jsou napøíklad tyto: + \begin{itemize*} + \item \cmdname{GNU Emacs} má pro Windows nativní podporu na + \url{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html} + \item \cmdname{XEmacs} je také pod Windows podporován nativnì, ke + sta¾ení z~\url{http://www.xemacs.org/} + \item \cmdname{WinShell} je dostupný na \TeXLive v~adresáøi + \path|support|, viz \url{http://www.winshell.de/} + \item \cmdname{WinEdt} je shareware dostupný na \url{http://www.winedt.com/} + \item \cmdname{Vim} je do\-stup\-ný na \TL{} v~adresáøi + \path|support\vim| a referenèní web je \url{http://www.vim.org/} + \item TeXnicCenter je volný softvér, který získáte + na\\ \url{http://www.toolscenter.org} a v~distribuci proTeXt. + \item \cmdname{SciTE} je dostupný z~\url{http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html} + \end{itemize*} +\end{description} + +\noindent Mù¾ete potøebovat také instalovat dal¹í nástroje, +které nejsou volné\footnote{Ve smyslu +volnosti modifikace a ¹íøení, dle pøístupu +%B% Debianu +volného softvéru. To v¹ak neztoto¾òujte s~mo¾ností je +získat za peníze.}, a tedy nejsou vlo¾eny na \TL{}, jako napøíklad +\cmdname{GSView}, nadstavba \GS{} pro komfortní prohlí¾ení +souborù v~\PS{} a v~PDF. \cmdname{GSView} je dostupný +z~\url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/} nebo jakéhokoliv +zrcadla \acro{CTAN}. + + +\section{Údr¾ba instalace vo Windows} + +Kdy¾ máte TeX Live nainstalován, mù¾ete pou¾ít program \cmdname{tlpmgui} znova +na zmìnu a udr¾ování va¹í instalace. + +\subsection{Pøidání/odebrání balíkù} + +Proto¾e odkaz na \cmdname{tlpmgui} je v~menu \guiseq{Start\arw Programy\arw +TeXLive2005}, spustìte jej zde. Uká¾e se okno údr¾by s~názvem +\guiseq{TeX Live installation and maintenance utility}. Obsahuje nìkolik polo¾ek: +\guiseq{Add Packages}, \guiseq{Remove packages}, +\guiseq{Manage installation}, \guiseq{Remove installation}. + +Kliknìte na tlaèítko \guiseq{Add packages} nebo \guiseq{Remove packages} +na otevøení odpovídající funkce a pak: + +\begin{itemize} +\item V~první odrá¾ce vyberte pøíslu¹nou \CD{} mechaniku (nebo \DVD s~adresáøem + \texttt{texlive}) zmáèknutím tlaèítka \guiseq{CD/DVD}. +\item Kliknìte na tlaèítko \guiseq{Search} v~oddíle \guiseq{Buttons} na zobrazení nebo obnovení seznamu +balíkù v~oddíle \guiseq{Select packages to\dots}, které chcete instalovat nebo odebrat. + +Pøi pøidávání balíkù, se seznam instalovaných balíkù porovná s~balíky poskytovanými va¹ím \CD/\DVD. +Zobrazeny jsou jenom ty balíky, které je¹tì nejsou nainstalovány. +Je na vás, abyste si zvolili, které balíky chcete instalovat. + +Pøi odebírání jednotlivých balíkù se zobrazí jen seznam u¾ nainstalovaných balíkù. + +V¹imnìte si, prosím, ¾e pro obì mo¾nosti \guiseq{Add packages} +a \guiseq{Remove packages} jsou nejdøíve zobrazeny seznamy kolekcí. + +\item Zvolte balík kliknutím na jeho název balíku. Klinutím na tlaèítko +\guiseq{Info} v~oddíle \guiseq{Buttons} zobrazíte struèný popis zvoleného balíku v~oknì oddílu + \guiseq{Info about the selected item}. Pro volbu nìkolika balíkù najednou +zmáèknìte jeden z~klíèù +\uv{Ctrl} nebo \uv{Shift} na va¹í klávesnici souèasnì s~podr¾ením levého tlaèítka my¹i nebo pøesuòte +ukazovátko my¹i pøi stlaèeném levém tlaèítku my¹i. + +\item Na vykonání odpovídající èinnosti kliknìte na tlaèítko \guiseq{Install} nebo \guiseq{Remove} +v~oddíle \guiseq{Buttons}. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Konfigurace a dal¹í správcovské úkoly} + +Funkce dostupné v~polo¾ce oznaèené \guiseq{Manage the installation} +jsou u¾iteèné na vykonání èinností potøebných pro pøidání podpory jazyka, který nebyl vybraný bìhem instalace +nebo pro pøidání/znovu vygenerování formátu, který nebyl zvolen bìhem instalace, nebo byl modifikován +po instalaci. + +Je mo¾né vykonat následující kroky: + +\begin{itemize} +\item Obnovit databázi \filename{ls-R}. +\item Vytvoøit formáty (v¹echny nebo chybìjící). +\item Editovat soubor \filename{language.dat}. +\item Edittovat soubor \filename{fmtutil.cnf}. +\item Edittovat soubor \filename{updmap.cfg}. +\end{itemize} + +Poznámka: mù¾ete zavøít okno Edit\dots{} kliknutím na tlaèítko \guiseq{Cancel} nebo +\guiseq{Done}; druhá volba odstartuje obnovu formátù +(nebo souborù \uv{fontmap} kdy¾ jste editovali soubor \filename{updmap.cfg}) s~následným obnovením databázy souborù \filename{ls-R}. + +Pro dal¹í informace o~konfiguraci viz oddíl~\ref{sec:persconf}, strana~\pageref{sec:persconf}. + + +\subsection{Odinstalování \protect\TL{}} + +Polo¾ka oznaèena \guiseq{Remove the TeX Live installation} otvírá okno obsahující +funkci, kterou nemá smysl popisovat a my ani nevíme, kdo by ji mohl potøebovat a èemu slou¾í \dots :-) + +V ka¾dém pøípadì, jestli¾e pro své lokální dodatky pou¾íváte adresáø \path|texmf-local|, +odstraòovací procedura jej neodstraní ani nesma¾e vìci uvnitø nìho. Adresáø \path|setup-win32| +obsahuje \cmdname{tlpmgui} a odpovídající soubory nebudou vymazány. Na jejich úplné odstranìní budete muset nìco vyèistit +ruènì. + +\subsection{Pøidání va¹ich vlastních balíkù k~instalaci} + +Pøedev¹ím, nezávisle na zmìnách, které dìláte, \textbf{nezapomeòte pøebudovat databázové soubory ls-R}. +Jinak va¹e nové soubory nebudou nalezeny. Mù¾ete to vykonat buï spu¹tìním programu \cmdname{tlpmgui} +a zvolením odpovídající èinnosti v~polo¾ce \guiseq{Manage the installation}, nebo ruènì zadáním pøíkazu +\file{mktexlsr}. + +Jestli¾e chcete pøidat soubory, které nejsou poskytnuty distribucí \TL{}, +doporuèujeme je umístit do adresáøe \path|$TEXMFLOCAL|. Touto cestou se ochráníte pøed +novými verzemi softvéru \TL{}. + +Adresáø definovaný promìnnou \path|$TEXMFLOCAL| je na zpoèátku prázdný. Jestli¾e, +napøíklad, chcete pøidat podporný soubor pro program symbolických výpoètù Maple, +mìli byste stylový soubor umístit do:\\ +\path|c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-local\tex\latex\maple\|\\ +a soubory s~dokumentací do:\\ +\path|c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-local\doc\latex\maple\| + +\subsection{Spu¹tìní programu \texttt{tlmp.exe} z~pøíkazové øádky} +Program \cmdname{tlpm.exe}, který je pou¾íván jako nástroj programem \cmdname{tlpmgui} +má mno¾ství dal¹ích u¾iteèných voleb. Jejich seznam dostanete pøíkazem: +\begin{verbatim} +tlpm --help +\end{verbatim} + +Dal¹í informace a pøíklady najdete v~\path|tlpm.readme|. + +\subsection{Sí»ová instalace} + +\KPS{} ví o jménech UNC, a proto je mù¾ete pou¾ívat na dosa¾ení va¹eho stromu TEXMF +ze sítì. Ale jsou lep¹í mo¾nosti. +V¹echny podpùrné a konfiguraèní soubory, v¹echno kromì souborù v~adresáøi +\path|bin/win32| je mo¾né sdílet s~\TL{} instalacemi \teTeX{}u nebo unixovskou. +To znamená, ¾e mù¾ete pou¾ívat Sambu buï na namontování (mount) NT serveru k~unixovské +pracovní stanici, nebo na konverzi. Mo¾ných je nìkolik strategií: +\begin{itemize} +\item Dejte v¹echno na server. Jenom pøidejte ka¾dou sadu souborù pro vá¹ OS a +architekturu, kterou hodláte pou¾ít do adresáøe \path|bin|. Myslíme tím, napøíklad, +\path|bin/win32| a \path|bin/i386-linux|. Dále nakonfigurujte va¹e hlavní promìnné. +Mù¾ete pou¾ít jména UNC na nasmìrování do správného adresáøe pod Win32. +\item Nainstalujte lokální kopie binárek a formátù. V~tom pøípadì oznaète + \path|$TEXMFMAIN| jako hlavní strom \path|texmf|, který bude vzdálenì dosa¾itelný. + Nastavte \path|$TEXMFVAR| jako lokální adresáø, který bude obsahovat konfiguraèní + soubory a soubory generované na ¾ádost. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Co je pod Windows jiného?} + +Verze \Webc{} pod Windows má nìkterá specifika, která stojí +za zmínku. + +\begin{description} +\item[\KPS{}] Ha¹ovací tabulky, které si \KPS{} vytváøí, jsou + pro \TL{} obrovské. Aby se urychlilo spu¹tìní jakéhokoliv + programu pou¾ívajícího \KPS{}, tyto tabulky jsou ukládány do sdílené + pamìti. Tímto zpùsobem, pokud spou¹títe po sobì + nìkolik programù jako napøíklad + \path|tex| volající \path|mpost| volající \path|tex|, + re¾ie pøi startu dal¹ího programu je minimalizována. + Tato zmìna je pøed u¾ivatelem skryta s~výjimkou nastavení + ladicího módu Kpathsea na hodnotu \path|-1|: pak trasujete + pøístup do sdílené pamìti, co¾ je to, co patrnì nechcete + (je tam pøistupováno velmi èasto!). Co je u¾iteèné v~logu + pøístupù do sdílené pamìti, bude je¹tì definováno, tak¾e situace se + v~budoucnu mù¾e zmìnit. +\item[\cmdname{kpsecheck}] Tento pøíkaz umo¾òuje nìkteré volby, které + nena¹ly své místo v~programu \cmdname{kpse\-which}. Umo¾òuje vypsat + v¹echny soubory, které se vyskytují ve va¹ich texmf stromech + vícekrát. To mù¾e být u¾iteèné, ale vìt¹inou získáme ne¾ádaný výstup + (jako tucty souborù \path|README|). Je dobré zmínit, ¾e tyto + v¹echny soubory zpùsobují kolize v~ha¹ovacím mechanismu + \KPS{}; na¹tìstí \KPS{} nikdy tyto soubory nehledá (s~výjimkou + ne¹»astných \file{czech.sty} a \file{slovak.sty}, kde je + to o¹etøeno jinými vyhledávacími cestami pro \cmdname{cslatex} + a \cmdname{latex}). + Z~tohoto dùvodu mù¾ete kombinovat pøepínaè \path|-multiple-occurences| + se dvìma dal¹ími pøepínaèi pro vkládání èi vynechávání souborù dle daného + vzoru (vzorù mù¾e být nìkolik). + Program \cmdname{kpsecheck} také hlásí stav sdílené pamìti: + zda je, èi není pou¾ívána. To je vhodné vìdìt, proto¾e pokud je stav + \samp{in use}, znamená to, ¾e jeden èi nìkolik procesù pracuje a efekt + pøíkazu \cmdname{mktexlsr} bude pozdr¾en a¾ do chvíle, kdy nebude + bì¾et ¾ádný z~programù pou¾ívajících \KPS{}. + + Tentý¾ pøíkaz vypí¹e umístìní programu + \GS{}. Pod Win32 je pro mnoho programù snaz¹í pou¾ít + \GS{} jako dll a nalézt ho pøes + klíè \GS{} v~registrech, ne¾ mìnit \path|PATH|, která má stejnì + limitovanou délku. +\item[\Webc{}] Programy mají o nìkolik voleb více ne¾ v~unixovém + \Webc{} a jednu volbu s~odli¹ným chováním: + \begin{itemize} + \item \path|-halt-on-error| zastaví kompilaci na první chybì. + \item \path|-job-time| nastaví èasovou známku úlohy na èasovou známku + souboru pou¾itého jako argument. + \item \path|-oem| pou¾ívá \acro{DOS}ovou kódovou stránku + pro výstup na konzolu. + \item \path|-output-directory| umo¾òuje psát v¹echny výstupní soubory + do specifikovaného adresáøe. + \item \path|-time-statistics| vypí¹e èasové statistiky bìhu úlohy. + Je nutno zmínit, ¾e \acro{Win9x} není opravdový víceúlohový operaèní + systém a nemá ¾ádný spolehlivý zpùsob mìøení krátkých období, a tak + spoèítaná hodnota je jen aproximací. Pod \acro{NT/2K/XP} je výsledek + zcela pøesný s~rozdìlením na u¾ivatelský a systémový èas. Pro + unixové u¾ivatele: pøíkaz \path|time| obvykle není pro u¾ivatele + Windows dostupný. + \end{itemize} +\end{description} + + +\subsection{Osobní konfigurace} +\label{sec:persconf} + +\subsubsection{Dvips} + +Konfiguraèní soubor pro dvips lze najít v\\ +\verb+C:\TeXLive2005\texmf-var\dvips\config\config.ps+\\ +Mù¾ete ho otevøít jakýmkoli editorem + %(\cmdname{WinShell} will do fine) + a zmìnit nìkteré parametry. + +\begin{description} +\item [fonts] Mù¾ete zmìnit implicitní mód \MF{} pro tiskárnu a jeho + rozli¹ení, které je pou¾ito, kdy¾ \cmdname{dvips} potøebuje generovat + fonty PK. Implicitní konfigurace je pro u¾ití + Type~1 verzí CM fontù, a dávka \cmdname{mktexpk} by tedy nemìla být + volána pøíli¹ èasto. +\item[printer] Mù¾ete øíct dvipsu, kam implicitnì tisknout. + Pokud za volbou \optname{o} není název tiskárny, pak je výstupní + soubor \file{.ps} zapsán + do souboru. Mù¾ete dvipsu a tiskárnì dát název, napøíklad: +\begin{verbatim} +o lpt1: +% o | lpr -S server -P myprinter +% o \\server\myprinter +\end{verbatim} +\item[paper] Dále mù¾ete chtít zmìnit velikost papíru + z~evropské A4 na `US letter' tím, ¾e `US letter' bude první volba v~souboru. + Najdìte skupinu øádek zaèínajících zavináèem~\code{@}. Pøesuòte + odpovídající øádky tak, ¾e oddíl zaèíná øádky:\\ +\hspace*{1em} @ letterSize 8.5in 11in\\ +\hspace*{1em} @ letter 8.5in 11in\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ \%\%BeginPaperSize: Letter\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ letter\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ \%\%EndPaperSize +\end{description} + +\noindent +Souèasná distribuce \TL{} implementuje proceduru pro generování +v¾dy aktualizovaných mapovacích souborù pro \cmdname{dvips} a \cmdname{pdftex}. To provádí +program \cmdname{updmap} bìhem instalace a také po pøidání jakéhokoliv +balíku s~fonty. Pokud pøidáte balíky ruènì, editujte soubor +\verb+updmap.cfg+ v~\path|$TEXMFVAR/web2c|. + +\subsubsection{Pdftex} + +Pokud pou¾íváte program \cmdname{pdf{}latex} pro vytvoøení \acro{PDF} souborù +pøímo a pou¾íváte papír velikosti \acro{US} letter, editujte soubor\hfill\\ +\verb+C:\TeXLive2005\texmf-var\tex\generic\config\pdftexconfig.tex+ a \hfill\\ +zmìòte \samp{\bs pdfpagewidth} a \samp{\bs pageheight}. Tyto polo¾ky by mìly +vypadat takto: +\begin{alltt} +\bs{}pdfpagewidth=8.5 true in +\bs{}pdfpageheight=11 true in +\end{alltt} +Ulo¾te soubor a ukonèete editaci. + +\subsubsection{GSView} +GSView je nyní distribuován pod Aladdin licencí, a proto ji¾ není +vkládán na \TL{}. + +Pokud chcete zmìnit velikost stránky na +velikost `US letter', otevøete GSView z~menu \guiseq{Start} +a vyberte \guiseq{Media\arw Letter}. + +Také jsou zde nastavení, která vám umo¾ní mít co nejèitelnìj¹í +renderované obrázky. V~menu \guiseq{Media \arw Display Settings}, +nastavte jak \optname{Text Alpha}, tak \optname{Graphics Alpha} na 4~bity. + +Instalaèní proces asociuje jak \code{.ps}, tak +\code{.eps} soubory pro otevírání pomocí \cmdname{GSView}. + +Pro návod, jak tisknout, pøejdìte na oddíl~\ref{printing}. + +\subsubsection{WinDvi} +\label{sub:windvi} + +Program \file{tlpmgui.exe} nastaví program \file{Windvi} jako program, +který bude asociován s~\file{.dvi} soubory, ale nepøidá jeho +ikonku na pracovní plochu -- to si ji¾ udìlejte sami, prosím. + +Otevøete program \cmdname{windvi} kliknutím na ikonku nebo z~pøíkazové øádky. + +Mù¾ete program zkonfigurovat pro velikost papíru `US letter' po\-mo\-cí +\guiseq{View\arw Options\arw Papertype} a výbìrem +US ($8.5^{\prime\prime} \times 11^{\prime\prime})$ a pak +\optname{OK}. Pak \cmdname{windvi} ukonèete. + +Mù¾ete zmìnit dal¹í parametry systému, jako napøíklad schopnost spou¹tìt +dal¹í programy specifikované v~dokumentu +(standardnì z~bezpeènostních dùvodù zakázáno). +Dále, kdy¾ si poprvé prohlédnete .dvi +soubor, mù¾e se vám zdát zvìt¹ení pøíli¹ veliké. +Velikost zmen¹ete, dokud nezískáte vyhovující. + +V¹echna nastavení programu \cmdname{Windvi} jsou ulo¾ena v~souboru +\path|windvi.cnf|. Mù¾ete ho najít pokud na pøíkazovém øádku zadáte: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\>kpsewhich --expand-var $HOME/windvi.cnf +\end{verbatim} + +Pokud s~\cmdname{Windvi} narazíte na problémy, sma¾te konfiguraèní +soubor a testujte problém na standardní konfiguraci. + + +\subsection{Testování} + +Pro obecné kontroly viz oddíl~\ref{sec:test-install} +na stranì~\pageref{sec:test-install}. Tento oddíl popisuje +testy specifické pro Windows. + +Otevøete soubor \verb+sample2e.tex+ ve svém editoru (Xemacs, WinShell); +najdete ho v~\verb+C:\TeXLive2005\texmf-dist\tex\latex\base+. +Objevit by se mìl zdrojový soubor \LaTeX{}u. Pokraèujte kliknutím na +menu \guiseq{Command\arw LaTeX} (XEmacs) nebo na ikonu \LaTeX\ +v~li¹tì nástrojù (WinShell), a pak si výsledek prohlédnìte poklepáním na menu +\guiseq{Command\arw View DVI} (XEmacs) nebo +Preview (Windvi) ikonu (WinShell). + +Pokud prohlí¾íte soubory s~Windvi, budou se nejprve generovat fonty, +nebo» obrazovkové fonty nebyly instalovány. Po nìjaké dobì, kdy jste ji¾ +vytvoøili vìt¹inu fontù, které pou¾íváte, ji¾ okno s~generováním fontù +budete vidìt jen zøídka. + +\textbf{Doporuèení:} Pokud \LaTeX\ zastaví, proto¾e nemù¾e najít soubor, +mù¾ete stisknout Ctrl-z pro ukonèení. + +\subsection{Tisk} +\label{printing} + +Tisknout mù¾ete pøímo z~Windvi. V tom pøípadì bude tisk proveden pøes +unifikovaný tiskový ovladaè Windows. Z definice je kompatibilní +se v¹emi tiskárnami. Ale je tu háèek: mù¾e generovat obrovské tiskové +soubory a v~nìkterých (star¹ích) verzích Windows +jsou problémy. Výhodou je vyu¾ití mo¾ností jako vkládání +obrázkù BMP nebo WMF. Také se ujistìte, ¾e parametry tiskárny jsou dobøe +nastaveny (oddíl~\ref{sub:windvi}), jinak dostanete jinou velikost tisku +(tisk nastavený na 600\dpi{} poslaný na tiskárnu 300\dpi{} zpùsobí, ¾e +dostanete pouze jeden kvadrant stránky). + + +Tisk je rychlej¹í a spolehlivìj¹í, pokud pou¾íváte +\cmdname{dvips} na vytvoøení \filename{.ps} souboru a pak tisknete +z~\cmdname{GSView} volbou \guiseq{File\arw Print\,\ldots} (objeví se +okno \guiseq{Print}). + +Pokud pou¾íváte \PS{}ovou tiskárnu, \textit{ujistìte se, ¾e jste vybrali +\guiseq{\PS{} Printer}}. To udìláte výbìrem tlaèítka +\guiseq{Print Method} na spodním levém okraji okna +\guiseq{Print}. Mù¾ete vybrat jakoukoliv tiskárnu, kterou jste døíve +instalovali. Pokud se vám volbu \optname{\PS{} Printer} nepodaøí +za¹krtnout, tisk se nezdaøí. + +Pokud pou¾íváte svou ne-\PS{}ovou tiskárnu, vyberte +\guiseq{Ghostscript device} v~polo¾ce \guiseq{Print Method} a +kliknìte na tlaèítko vpravo oznaèené \guiseq{djet500} a vyberte +svou tiskárnu ze seznamu, který se objeví. Ve star¹ích verzích +\cmdname{GSView} ovìøte, ¾e volba \optname{\PS{} Printer} \emph{není} +vybrána, a pak vyberte svou tiskárnu ze seznamu \guiseq{Device}. + + +\subsection{Tipy a triky pro Win32} + +\subsubsection{Rùzné verze Win32} + +Co nazýváme Win32, není operaèní systém sám o sobì. Je to velká mno¾ina +funkcí (kolem 12\,000 dle hlavièkových souborù Microsoft +\acro{SDK}), pomocí kterých mù¾ete psát aplikace pro rùzné operaèní +systémy rodiny Windows. + +Windows má tyto verze: +\begin{itemize} +\item Win95, Win98 a Win\acro{ME}, co¾ \emph{nejsou opravdová + víceúlohová a vícevláknová} prostøedí. Jsou pouze poslední\Dash + doufejme\Dash promìnou \acro{DOS}u. To mù¾e být víceménì + vidìt pøi bootování, kdy PC spustí interpret \path|command.com|, + a pokud v~tomto místì bootování zastavíte, mù¾ete se zeptat na + souèasnou verzi (\acro{DOS}u) a odpovìï bude nìco ve smyslu + \samp{MS-DOS 7.0} (pro star¹í verze Win9x urèitì). +\item Windows \acro{NT}, co¾ je nový operaèní systém napsaný celý znova, + je ji¾ schopen opravdového multitaskingu, vèetnì pokroèilých rysù. +\item Windows 2000 je ji¾ zalo¾en na \acro{NT}, se v¹emi udìlátky + Win98. +\item Windows \acro{XP}, je¾ má verze Home a Pro. Je to zatím poslední + krok ve spojování obou produktových øad (zalo¾ených na Win9x a + \acro{NT}). \acro{XP} je zalo¾eno na \acro{NT}. +\end{itemize} + +Win9x jsou schopny spou¹tìt 32-bitové programy a 16-bitové programy +naráz. Ale operaèní systém jako takový není celý napsán +v~32-bitovém módu a nepodporuje ochranu pamìti: 16-bitové aplikace +mohou pøepsat èást pamìti operaèního systému! Nìkteré èásti jako +\acro{GDI} (Graphical Device Interface) spravují omezené zdroje jako +bitmapy, fonty, pera atd. pro mno¾inu programù, je¾ bì¾í souèasnì. +V¹echny bitmapové hlavièky dostupné v~jeden okam¾ik nemohou zabírat více +ne¾ 64\,\kB. To vysvìtluje výkon a skuteènost, ¾e systém èasto zkolabuje, +kdy¾ napøíklad zaènete intenzivnì pou¾ívat grafické objekty. + +NT, 2K a XP tyto nedostatky nemají, stejnì tak jako +dal¹í omezení Win9x. Jsou to opravdová multitasková prostøedí, +s~ochranou pamìti. Jsou mnohem operativnìj¹í ne¾ Win9x kvùli lep¹í +správì pamìti, lep¹ímu systému souborù atp. + +\subsubsection{Pøíkazový øádek} + +Mù¾ete si klást otázku \uv{proè potøebuji pøíkazovou øádku, kdy¾ mám +Windows?} + +Dobrá otázka. Problém je velmi obecný. Ne v¹echny operace se dají lehce +udìlat v~grafickém prostøedí (\acro{GUI}). Pøíkazový øádek dává +mo¾nosti programování. + +Problém je zásadní: \TeX{} je \emph{dávkový} +nástroj, není interaktivní. \TeX{} potøebuje spoèítat nejlep¹í +rozvr¾ení stránky, vyøe¹it køí¾ové reference a tak dále. +To mù¾e být provedeno jen globální optimalizací dokumentu. +To (zatím) není úloha, která by se dala dìlat interaktivnì. + +To znamená, ¾e \TeX{} by se mìl pou¾ívat z~pøíkazové øádky. Situace není +tak ¹patná -- lze zde s~výhodou psát nástroje pro slo¾ité zpracování: +dají se lépe ladit, proto¾e jsou nezávislé na \acro{GUI}, a \acro{GUI} +nástroje mohou být navr¾eny s~rozhraními pro dávkové neinteraktivní +programy. To je pøípad \TeX{}u, se kterým vìt¹inou pracujete pøes +grafický textový editor. + +Pøíkazovou øádku budete potøebovat v~nìkolika situacích. +Jednou z~nich je ladìní v~pøípadì problémù. + +\begin{description} + \item[Win9x] Pøíkazovou øádku získáte buï vyhledáním ikony + \acro{MS-DOS}u v~menu \guiseq{Start\arw Programs}, + nebo výbìrem menu \guiseq{Start\arw Run} a napsáním jména programu + \path|command.com|. + \item[NT, 2K, XP] Najdìte polo¾ku + \guiseq{Command Prompt} v~menu \guiseq{Start\arw Accessories} + nebo vyberte \guiseq{Start\arw Run} a zadejte + \path|cmd.exe|, co¾ je název nového pøíkazového interpretu pro + \acro{NT} (tedy není správné ho nazývat \emph{DOS}ové okno!). +\end{description} + +\noindent +Tato umístìní se na rùzných systémech mohou li¹it. + +\subsubsection{Oddìlovaèe cest} + +Win32 API rozumí v~cestách obìma znakùm \path|/| i \path|\|, +ale pøíkazové interprety \emph{ne}! Tedy kdykoliv je cesta pou¾itá +programovì, mù¾ete pou¾ívat oba oddìlovaèe, nebo je dokonce míchat +v~jedné cestì. Na pøíkazové øádce v¹ak musíte pou¾ívat pouze +\path|\|. Dùvodem je kompatibilita: interpret døíve pou¾íval +lomítko jako oddìlovaè pøepínaèù programù. + +Nebuïte pøekvapeni, kdy¾ uvidíte cesty psané unixovými konvencemi: +\fpTeX{} je portace \Webc{} a prioritou je kompatibilita mezi +platformami. Z~tìchto dùvodù v¹echny konfiguraèní soubory pou¾ívají +unixové konvence. + +\subsubsection{Souborové systémy} +\label{sec:clusters} + +Nejhor¹ím rysem Win9x vzhledem k~\TeX{}u je pravdìpodobnì takzvaný +souborový systém FAT. \TeX{} pou¾ívá velmi mnoho malých souborù s~velikostí +okolo 1--3\,\kB. \acro{FAT} systém je starý, vznikl pøed desítkami let +a nepoèítá s~pevnými disky majícími desítky gigabajtù. +Dùsledkem je, ¾e ulo¾ení desítek tisíc +\TeX{}ových souborù na \TL{} není efektivní. +\acro{FAT} systém alokuje minimálnì 32\,\kB{} pro +\emph{jakýkoliv} soubor na velkém diskovém oddíle. To znamená, ¾e \TeX{} +bude potøebovat mnohem více diskového prostoru ne¾ ve skuteènosti +zabírá. + +Na novìj¹ích souborových systémech \acro{FAT32} a +\acro{NTFS} tento nedostatek ji¾ není. Nejmen¹í adresovatelné +èásti souborù mohou být +veliké pouze 4\,\kB{} a na \acro{NTFS} mù¾ete tuto velikost sní¾it na +512~bajtù. + +\subsubsection{Jak pøidat nìkterý adresáø do PATH} + +Hodnoty promìnných prostøedí se ve va¹ich programech +chovají jako globální promìnné. Mno¾ina tìchto nastavení se nazývá +prostøedí (environment). Ka¾dý program je spu¹tìn s~kopií tohoto +prostøedí. Mù¾e èíst a mìnit hodnoty promìnných prostøedí. +Zmìny se dìjí v~kopii prostøedí a nejsou rozkopírovávány +do v¹ech souèasnì bì¾ících programù. + +Promìnná PATH je speciální promìnná prostøedí, která +se pou¾ívá pro seznam adresáøù, ve kterých jsou spustitelné programy. +Zpùsob, jak ji zmìnit, se li¹í pro Win9x, WinME a NT/2K/XP: + +\begin{description} +\item[Windows 95/98] Editujte svùj \path|autoexec.bat|. V~tomto souboru + byste mìli najít øádek zaèínající s~\texttt{PATH=} a následovaný + seznamem adresáøù oddìlených~\path|;|. Sem pøidejte adresáø + s~binárkami. + Potom by tento øádek mìl vypadat takto: +\ifnum\Status=3 \begingroup \small \fi +\begin{verbatim} +PATH=c:\windows;c:\windows\system;c:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32 +\end{verbatim} +\ifnum\Status=3 \endgroup \fi +\item[Windows ME] Potøebujete speciální program + \path|c:\windows\system\msconfig.exe| pro zmìnu promìnné + prostøedí. Z~programu vyberte polo¾ku `Environment', a pak zmìòte a + modifikujte promìnné, které chcete. Po jakékoliv zmìnì budete + po¾ádání o~restart. +\item[Windows NT/2K/XP] + Kliknìte na \guiseq{Start \arw Settings \arw Control Panel}. Otevøe se + okno s~ikonami konfiguraèních programù systému. + Po dvojkliku na ikonu `System' se objeví okno `System Properties'. + Kliknìte na polo¾ku \textsf{Environment} + nebo mezi dialogovými boxy hledejte tlaèítko s~názvem + \guiseq{Environment Variables}. Tím provedete zmìnu prostøedí pro svùj + úèet. Poznámka: Jsou zde také zobrazena prostøedí celého systému. + Pokud nejste administrátor systému, tak nemáte oprávnìní je mìnit. + Pokud chcete zmìnit \texttt{PATH} pro v¹echny u¾ivatele, budete muset + zkontaktovat svého systémového administrátora nebo se jím + stát\Dash v~tom pøípadì byste ale mìli vìdìt, co dìláte. + + Pokud je promìnná \texttt{PATH} ji¾ pro vá¹ úèet nastavená, kliknìte na + ni levým tlaèítkem. V~políèku \textsf{Variable} se objeví + \texttt{PATH}, zatímco pole \textsf{Value} ukazuje souèasné nastavení + \texttt{PATH} jako seznam adresáøù oddìlených støedníkem. Pøidejte + adresáø s~binárkami (napøíklad \path|c:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32|). + Pokud zde pro vá¹ úèet promìnná \texttt{PATH} je¹tì není nastavena, + kliknìte na políèko `Variable' a napi¹te + \texttt{PATH}, kliknìte na políèko \textsf{Value} + a napi¹te adresáø s~binárkami. Dùle¾ité: kliknìte na tlaèítko + \textsf{Apply} pøed stiskutím \textsf{Ok}, jinak se zmìny + \texttt{PATH} neprovedou! Pøi nastavování promìnných prostøedí buïte + opatrní. +\end{description} + +\noindent +Nejlep¹í zpùsob, jak ovìøit nastavení promìnných prostøedí, je na +pøíkazové øádce napsat: +\begin{verbatim} +set VARIABLE +\end{verbatim} +co¾ by mìlo vrátit odpovídající hodnoty. + +\subsubsection{Verze sázecích programù} + +Pokud se podíváte na dokumentaci \Webc{}, doètete se, ¾e rùzné +programy odvozené od \TeX{}u pou¾ívají toté¾ základní jádro. +Napøíklad \path|tex.exe| a \path|latex.exe| jsou pøesné kopie tého¾ +programu, ale ka¾dá z~nich pou¾ívá jiný formátový soubor v~závislosti na +jménu spu¹tìného programu. + +Pod Unixem je tato vlastnost implementována pøes \emph{symbolické +odkazy}. U¹etøí to diskový prostor, proto¾e tentý¾ program je pou¾it pro +mnoho rùzných formátových souborù. + +Win32 API nemá koncept symbolických odkazù, a tak abychom u¹etøili +místo, v¹echny \TeX{}ové sázecí programy byly zkompilovány jako +DLLs (\emph{Dynamic Linked Library}). To znamená, ¾e to dopadne +následovnì: +\begin{alltt} +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 latex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 pdfetex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 524 288 tl90pdfetex.dll +\end{alltt} +a soubor \path|latex.exe| není nic jiného ne¾ pøesná kopie +\path|pdfetex.exe| pou¾ívající tuté¾ základní knihovnu \path|tl90pdfetex.dll|. +Stejný trik byl pou¾it pro rodinu programù \path|mktex*.exe|, které +spou¹tí knihovnu \path|mktex.dll|. + +Obecný nástroj s~názvem \path|irun.exe| je k~dispozici jako ekvivalent +unixových pevných odkazù pro soubory pod Win32. + +\subsection{V pøípadì obtí¾í} +\label{sec:troubleshooting} + +\subsubsection{Co dìlat kdy¾ \texttt{latex} nenalezne va¹e soubory?} + +\begin{itemize} + +\item \cmdname{kpsewhich} je ten správný nástroj pro dohledání problému. +Bohu¾el program \cmdname{kpsewhich} dává výstup na +stderr a star¹í konzoly Windows neví, jak chybový výstup stderr +pøesmìrovat do souboru. (Konzoly NT a Windows 2000 vìdí, jak to udìlat. +Ale trik bude fungovat pro v¹echny konzoly.) + Pro diagnostické úèely nastavte doèasnì +promìnnou prostøedí (v~\acro{DOS}ovém oknì): + + +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=err.log +\end{verbatim} +Nastavte také úroveò ladìní: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG=-1 +\end{verbatim} + +Pokud chcete pøesmìrovat stderr na stdout, co¾ pod Windows +není mo¾né, pak nastavte: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=con: +\end{verbatim} +Tímto zpùsobem ulo¾íte jak chybový, tak standardní výstup do tého¾ +souboru. + +\item Pøedpokládaje, ¾e instalace byla provádìna do +\path|c:/TeX|, zkontrolujte následující hodnoty: \\ + {\ifnum\Status=3 \footnotesize \tabcolsep.2em \else \small \fi + \begin{tabular}{@{}ll@{}} + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $SELFAUTOPARENT| & \path|c:/TeX| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMF| & \path|c:/TeX/texmf....| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMFCNF| & + \path|.;c:/TeX/texmf-var/web2c;| \\ +% \path|kpsewhich -expand-var $TEXINPUTS| & \path|.;c:/TeX/texmf/tex//| +% \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $SELFAUTOPARENT| & \path|c:/TeX| \\ +% \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMF| & \path|c:/TeX/texmf| \\ +% \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMFCNF| & +% \path|.;c:/TeX/texmf/web2c;| \\ +% & \path|c:/TeX/bin/win32;| \\ +% & \path|c:/TeX/bin;| \\ +% & \path|c:/TeX| \\ +% \path|kpsewhich -expand-var $TEXINPUTS| & \path|.;c:/TeX/texmf/tex//| + \end{tabular} +} +\item Pokud ji¾ nìkde máte nastaveny \TeX{} ovlivòující promìnné + prostøedí, odstraòte je prosím. Mají prioritu pøed tìmi + v~\file{texmf.cnf}. +\item Zkontrolujte: + \texttt{kpsewhich cmr10.tfm} by mìlo vrátit\hfill\\ + \path|c:/TeX/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm|\hfill\\ + a \texttt{kpsewhich latex.fmt} by mìlo sdìlit\hfill\\ + \path|c:/TeX/texmf/web2c/latex.fmt| +\item V~tomto místì, pokud je v¹e v~poøádku, by + \TeX{} a dal¹í programy mìly fungovat. + Pokud ne, budete si muset pohrát s~volbou \path|-debug=n| + programu \path|kpsewhich| a znovu zkontrolovat v¹echna + nastavení. Zkuste identifikovat problém a nahlaste ho. +\end{itemize} + +\subsubsection{Co kdy¾ poøád v¹e nefunguje, jak si pøedstavujete?} + +Polo¾te si následující otázky: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Je \file{tex.exe} v~mé cestì (promìnné \path|PATH|)? + +\item Je promìnná prostøedí \path|TEXMFCNF| korektnì nastavená + na\hfill\\ \path|c:/TeXLive2005/texmf-var/web2c| (implicitní + hodnota)? + +\item Jsou k~nalezení nìkterá chybová hlá¹ení v~log souboru + generovaném programem \file{tlmpgui.exe}? +\file{tlmpgui.log} najdete ve va¹em adresáøi \file{TEMP}. +Mù¾ete je najít + hledáním øetìzce \samp{Error}. + Nápovìda: log soubor mù¾e ukázat nìkteré chyby po vygenerování v¹ech formátù. + Prosím, nepropadejte panice: mo¾ná nìkteré formáty je¹tì nebyly instalovány. + +\item Jsou na \url{http://tug.org/texlive/} k~dispozici nìjaké záplaty? + (Je to nepravdìpodobné, ale nic tím nepokazíte.) +\end{enumerate} + +\TL{} sestává ze stovek programù a desetitisícù souborù +z~rùzných zdrojù. Je proto obzvlá¹tì obtí¾né predikovat +v¹echny potenciální zdroje problémù. Nicménì, udìláme, co +je v~na¹ich silách, abychom vám pomohli (viz oddíl~\ref{sec:help} +na stranì~\pageref{sec:help}.) + + +\begin{otherlanguage}{slovak} +\frenchspacing +% don't use \Webc so the \uppercase in the headline works. +\section{Pou¾ívateµská príruèka ku systému Web2C} +\Webc{} obsahuje mno¾inu \TeX-príbuzných programov, t.j.\ samotný \TeX{}, +\MF{}, \MP, \BibTeX{}, atï. Originálna implementácia pochádza +od Thomasa Rokického, ktorý v~roku 1987 vyvinul prvý +\TeX{}-to-C systém zalo¾ený na zmenových súboroch systému pre Unix, ktoré +boli v~prvom rade pôvodnou prácou Howarda Trickeya a Pavla Curtisa. +Tim Morgan +sa stal spravovateµom systému a poèas jeho obdobia sa meno zmenilo +na Web-to-C\@. V roku 1990 Karl Berry prebral túto prácu, +asistoval pri tuctoch dodatoèných príspevkov a v~roku 1997 podal +taktovku Olafovi Weberovi. + +\Webc{} systém be¾í pod Unixom, 32-bitovými Windows, +\acro{MacOSX} a inými operaènými systémami. Pou¾íva originálne +\TeX{} zdrojové súbory od Knutha a ostatné základné programy napísané +v~jazyku \web{}, ktoré sú prelo¾ené do C zdrojového kódu. Navy¹e, systém +ponúka veµkú mno¾inu makier a funkcií vyvinutých na roz¹írenie +originálneho \TeX{} software. Základné komponenty rodiny +\TeX u{} sú: +\begin{description} +\renewcommand{\makelabel}[1]{\descriptionlabel{\mdseries\cmdname{#1}}} +\item[bibtex] Spravovanie bibliografií. +\item[dmp] Konverzia \cmdname{troff} do MPX (\MP{} obrázky). +\item[dvicopy] Vytváranie modifikovanej kópie \dvi{} súboru. +\item[dvitomp] Konverzia \dvi{} do MPX (\MP{} obrázky). +\item[dvitype] Konverzia \dvi{} do µudsky-èitateµného textu. +\item[gftodvi] Generovanie fontov pre náhµad. +\item[gftopk] Konverzia gf formátu fontov do pakovaných fontov. +\item[gftype] Konverzia gf formátu fontov do µudsky èitateµného textu. +\item[makempx] \MP{} znaèkové sádzanie. +\item[mf] \MF{} -- vytváranie rodín fontov. +\item[mft] Preddefinované \MF ové zdrojové súbory. +\item[mpost] \MP{} -- tvorba technických diagramov. +\item[mpto] \MP{} -- znaèkový výber. +\item[newer] Porovnanie modifikaèných èasov. +\item[patgen] Vytvaránie vzorov rozdeµovania slov. +\item[pktogf] Konverzia pakovaných formátov fontov do +gf formátov. +\item[pktype] Konverzia pakovaných písiem do µudsky-èitateµného textu. +\item[pltotf] Konverzia `Property list' do TFM. +\item[pooltype] Zobrazovanie \singleuv{\web{} pool} súborov. +\item[tangle] Konverzia \web{} súborov do Pascalu. +\item[tex] \TeX{} -- sadzba. +\item[tftopl] Konverzia TFM do `property list'. +\item[vftovp] Konverzia virtuálneho fontu do virtuálneho \singleuv{property list}. +\item[vptovf] Konverzia virtuálneho `property list' do virtuálneho fontu. +\item[weave] Konverzia \web{} súborov do \TeX u. +\end{description} +\noindent Presné funkcie a syntax týchto programov sú popísané +v~dokumentáciách jednotlivých balíkov alebo v~dokumentácii +\Webc{}. Napriek tomu, poznanie niekoµkých princípov, ktoré +platia pre celý balík programov, vám pomô¾e vy»a¾i» èo najviac +z~va¹ej \Webc{} in¹talácie. + +V¹etky programy dodr¾iavajú ¹tandardné \acro{GNU} voµby: + +\begin{description} +\item[\texttt{--help}] Vypisuje prehµad základného pou¾ívania. +\item[\texttt{--verbose}] Vypisuje detailnú správu spracovania. +\item[\texttt{--version}] Vypisuje informáciu o~verzii, potom skonèí. +\end{description} + +Na vyhµadávanie súborov pou¾ívajú \Webc{} programy prehµadávaciu +kni¾nicu \KPS{}. +Táto kni¾nica pou¾íva kombináciu premenných +prostredia a niekoµkých konfiguraèných súborov na optimalizáciu +prehµadávania adresárového stromu \TeX u{}. \Webc{} zvládne +prácu s~viacerými adresárovými stromami súèasne, èo je +u¾itoèné, ak niekto chce udr¾iava» ¹tandardnú distribúciu \TeX u a jeho +lokálne roz¹írenia v~dvoch rozlièných stromoch. Na urýchlenie +vyhµadávania súborov, koreò ka¾dého stromu obsahuje súbor +\file{ls-R} so záznamom obsahujúcim meno a relatívnu cestu ku +v¹etkým súborom umiestneným pod týmto koreòom. + +\subsection{Vyhµadávanie ciest kni¾nicou Kpathsea} + +Najprv popí¹eme v¹eobecný mechanizmus vyhµadávania ciest +kni¾nicou \KPS{}. + +\emph{Vyhµadávacou cestou} nazveme zoznam \emph{elementov cesty}, +ktorými sú v~prvom rade mená adresárov +oddelené dvojbodkou alebo bodkoèiarkou. +Vyhµadávacia cesta mô¾e pochádza» z~viacerých zdrojov. +Pri vyhµadávaní súboru \samp{my-file} podµa cesty \samp{.:/dir}, +\KPS{} skontroluje ka¾dý element cesty: najprv \file{./my-file}, +potom \file{/dir/my-file}, vracajúc prvý zodpovedajúci nájdený +prvok (alebo prípadne v¹etky zodpovedajúce prvky). + +Aby bolo dosiahnuté prispôsobenie sa konvenciám èo mo¾no najviac +operaèných systémov, na neunixových systémoch \KPS{} mô¾e pou¾íva» +oddeµovaèe názvov súborov rôzne od dvojbodky (\samp{:}) a +lomítka (\samp{/}). + +Pri kontrolovaní urèitého elementu cesty \var{p} \KPS{} najprv +overí, èi sa na naò nevz»ahuje vopred vybudovaná databáza (pozri +\singleuv{Data\-báza názvov súborov} na +strane~\pageref{Filename-database}), t.\,j., èi sa databáza nachádza +v~adresári, ktorý je prefixom \var{p}. Ak to tak je, ¹pecifikácia +cesty sa porovnáva s obsahom databázy. + +Ak databáza neexistuje, alebo sa nevz»ahuje na tento element cesty, alebo +sa v~nej hµadaný súbor nevyskytuje, celý systém súborov je prehµadaný +(pokiaµ to nebolo zakázané ¹pecifikáciou zaèínajúcou \samp{!!} a +hµadaný súbor musí existova»). \KPS{} zostrojí zoznam adresárov +zodpovedajúcich tomuto elementu cesty a potom skontroluje ka¾dý +z~nich, èi sa v~òom nenachádza hµadaný súbor. + +Podmienka \singleuv{súbor musí existova»\kern1pt} sa týka napr.\ súborov typu +\samp{.vf} a vstupných súborov èítaných príkazom \TeX u \cs{openin}. +Takéto súbory nemusia existova» (napr.\ \file{cmr10.vf}) a nebolo +by dobré prehµadáva» kvôli nim celý disk. Preto, ak zabudnete +aktualizova» \file{ls-R} pri in¹talácii nového \samp{.vf} súboru, +súbor nebude nikdy nájdený. Ka¾dý element cesty sa prekontroluje: najprv +databáza, potom disk. Keï je súbor nájdený, vyhµadávanie sa zastaví +a výsledok je vrátený. + +Hoci najjednoduch¹í a najbe¾nej¹í element cesty je meno adresáru, +\KPS{} podporuje aj iné zdroje vo vyhµadávacích cestách: dedièné +(layered) ¹tandardné hodnoty, mená premenných prostredia, hodnoty +súboru \file{config}, domáce adresáre pou¾ívateµov a rekurzívne +prehµadávanie podadresárov. Preto, ak hovoríme, ¾e \KPS{} +\emph{rozbalí} element cesty, znamená to, ¾e pretransformuje v¹etky +¹pecifikácie do základného mena alebo mien adresárov. Toto je +popísané v~nasledujúcich odsekoch. + +V¹imnite si, ¾e keï je meno hµadaného súboru vyjadrené absolútne +alebo explicitne relatívne, t.\,j.\ zaèína \samp{/} alebo \samp{./} +alebo \samp{../}, \KPS{} jednoducho skontroluje, èi taký súbor +existuje. + +\ifSingleColumn +\else +\begin{figure*} +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{0pt} + \caption{Ilustraèný príklad konfiguraèného súboru} + \label{fig:config-sample} +\end{figure*} +\fi + +\subsubsection{Zdroje cesty} +\label{Path-sources} + +Vyhµadávacia cesta mô¾e by» vytvorená z~rôznych zdrojov. +\KPS{} ich pou¾íva v~tomto poradí: +\begin{enumerate} +\item + Pou¾ívateµom nastavená premenná prostredia, napríklad \envname{TEXINPUTS}\@. + Premenné prostredia s~pridanou bodkou a menom programu majú prednos» pred + premennými rovnakého mena, ale bez prípony. + Napríklad, keï \samp{latex} je meno práve be¾iaceho programu, potom + premenná \envname{TEXINPUTS.latex} prepí¹e \envname{TEXINPUTS}. +\item + Programovo-¹pecifický konfiguraèný súbor, napríklad riadok + \singleuv{\texttt{S /a:/b}} v~súbore \file{config.ps} \cmdname{dvips}. +\item Konfiguraèný súbor \KPS{} \Dash{} \file{texmf.cnf}, obsahujúci riadok + ako \samp{TEXINPUTS=/c:/d} (pozri ïalej). +\item Predvolené hodnoty poèas kompilácie. +\end{enumerate} +\noindent V¹etky tieto hodnoty vyhµadávacej cesty mô¾ete prezera» +pou¾itím ladiacích mo¾ností (pozri \singleuv{Ladenie} na +strane~\pageref{Debugging}). + +\subsubsection{Konfiguraèné súbory} +\tolerance=3500 +\KPS{} èíta poèas behu z~\emph {konfiguraèných súborov} +s~menom \file{texmf.cnf} vyhµadávaciu cestu a ïal¹ie definície. +Vyhµadávacia cesta pou¾ívaná na hµadanie týchto súborov sa +volá \envname{TEXMFCNF} (v~predvolenom nastavení sa tento súbor +nachádza v~podadresári \file{texmf/web2c}). \emph{V¹etky} súbory +\file{texmf.cnf} vo vyhµadávacej ceste budú preèítané a definície +v~posledných naèítaných súborov majú prednos» pred definíciami +èítanými predtým. Preto pri vyhµadávacej ceste \verb|.:$TEXMF|, hodnoty +z~\file{./texmf.cnf} prepí¹u hodnoty z~\verb|$TEXMF/texmf.cnf|. +\tolerance=1500 + +\begin{itemize} +\item + Komentáre zaèínajú znakom \singleuv{\texttt{\%}} a pokraèujú do konca + riadku. +\item + Prázdne riadky sú ignorované. +\item + Znak \bs{} na konci riadku slú¾i ako pokraèovací znak, t.j.\ + nasledujúci riadok je k~nemu pripojený. Prázdne znaky na zaèiatku + pripájaných riadkov nie sú ignorované. +\item + V¹etky ostatné riadky majú tvar: +\begin{alltt} + \var{variable}[.\var{progname}] [=] \var{value} +\end{alltt}% + kde \samp{=} a prázdne znaky naokolo sú nepovinné. +\item + Meno premennej \singleuv{\texttt{\var{variable}}} mô¾e obsahova» + akékoµvek znaky okrem prázdnych znakov, \samp{=}, alebo \samp{.}, + ale obmedzi» sa na znaky \samp{A-Za-z\_} je najbezpeènej¹ie. +\item + Ak je \singleuv{\texttt{.\var{progname}}} neprázdne, definícia sa + pou¾ije iba vtedy, keï práve be¾iaci program má meno + \texttt{\var{progname}} alebo \texttt{\var{progname}.exe}. + Toto umo¾òuje napríklad ma» pre rôzne nadstavby \TeX u rôzne + vyhµadávacie cesty. +\item Hodnota \singleuv{\texttt{\var{value}}} mô¾e obsahova» akékoµvek + znaky okrem \singleuv{\texttt{\%}} a \samp{@}. Na pravej strane nie je + mo¾né pou¾i» \singleuv{\texttt{\$\var{var}.\var{prog}}}; namiesto toho + musíte pou¾i» ïal¹iu premennú. Znak \samp{;} vo + \singleuv{\texttt{\var{value}}} je prelo¾ený do \samp{:} ak sme pod + operaèným systémom Unix. Toto je u¾itoèné, keï chceme ma» jediný + \file{texmf.cnf} súbor pre systémy Unix, MSDOS a Windows. +\item + V¹etky definície sú preèítané skôr, ako sa expandujú. Preto mô¾u + existova» referencie na premenné skôr, ako sú tieto definované. +\end{itemize} +Uká¾kový úsek konfiguraèného súboru, ilustrujúci väè¹inu +týchto bodov\ifSingleColumn +\ignorespaces: +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\else +\space je na obrázku~\ref{fig:config-sample}. +\fi + +\subsubsection{Expanzia cesty} +\label{Path-expansion} + +\KPS{} rozpoznáva urèité zvlá¹tne znaky a kon¹trukcie vo +vyhµadávacích cestách podobné tým, èo existujú v~prostrediach +unixovských interprétov príkazového riadku (shells). Ako v¹eobecný príklad uvedieme +komplexnú cestu \verb+~$USER/{foo,bar}//baz+, ktorá sa expanduje do +v¹etkých podadresárov pod adresármi \file{foo} a \file{bar} +v~domovskom adresári pou¾ívateµa \texttt{\$USER}, ktorý obsahuje +adresár alebo súbor \file{baz}. Tieto kon¹trukcie sú popísané +v~ïal¹ích odsekoch. + +\subsubsection{Predvolená expanzia} +\label{Default-expansion} +\tolerance=2500 +Ak vyhµadávacia cesta s najväè¹ou prioritou (pozri \singleuv{Zdroje cesty} +na strane~\pageref{Path-sources}) obsahuje \emph{dvojbodku +navy¹e} (t.j.\ zaèiatoènú, koncovú, alebo zdvojenú), \KPS{} vlo¾í na +toto miesto vyhµadávaciu cestu s~druhou najvy¹¹ou prioritou, ktorá +je definovaná. Ak táto vlo¾ená cesta obsahuje dvojbodku navy¹e, to +isté sa stane s~ïal¹ou najvýznamnej¹ou cestou. Keby sme mali +napríklad dané takéto nastavenie premennej prostredia +\tolerance=1500 +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{setenv TEXINPUTS /home/karl:} +\end{alltt} +a hodnotu \code{TEXINPUTS} v~súbore \file{texmf.cnf} +\begin{alltt} + .:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} +potom koneèná hodnota pou¾itá na vyhµadávanie by bola: +\begin{alltt} + /home/karl:.:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} +Keï¾e by bolo zbytoèné vklada» predvolenú hodnotu na viac ako jedno +miesto, \KPS{} mení iba nadbytoènú \samp{:}\ a v¹etko ostatné +ponecháva na mieste. Najprv kontroluje zaèiatoènú \samp{:}, potom +koncovú \samp{:} a potom zdvojenú \samp{:}. + +\subsubsection{Expanzia zátvoriek} +U¾itoèná èrta je expanzia zátvoriek, ktorá funguje tak, ¾e +napríklad \verb+v{a,b}w+ sa expanduje na \verb+vaw:vbw+. Vnáranie je +povolené. Toto sa pou¾íva na implementáciu viacnásobných +\TeX{}ovských hierarchií, priradením hodnoty \code{\$TEXMF} s +pou¾itím zátvoriek. Napríklad v~súbore \file{texmf.cnf} nájdete +nasledujúcu definíciu (pribli¾ne, +v~skutoènosti je tam e¹te viac stromov): +\begin{verbatim} + TEXMF = {$HOMETEXMF,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFVAR,!!$TEXMFMAIN} +\end{verbatim} +Keï potom napí¹ete nieèo podobné ako +\begin{verbatim} + TEXINPUTS = .;$TEXMF/tex// +\end{verbatim} +%$ +bude to znamena», ¾e po hµadaní v~aktuálnom adresári sa najprv +prehµadá celý +strom \code{\$HOMETEXMF/tex}, \code{\$TEXMFLOCAL/tex}, +\code{\$TEXMFVAR/tex} a \code{\$TEXMFMAIN/tex} (posledné dva +s~pou¾itím databázových súborov \file{ls-R}). Je to vhodný spôsob ako +spú¹»a» dve paralelné \TeX{} ¹truktúry, jednu nemennú +(napríklad na \CD) a druhú neustále aktualizovanú novými +verziami, akonáhle sú dostupné. Pou¾itím premennej +\code{\$TEXMF} vo v¹etkých definíciách máme istotu, ¾e sa v¾dy ako +prvý prehµadá aktuálny strom. + +\subsubsection{Expanzia podadresárov} +\label{Subdirectory-expansion} +Dva alebo viac za sebou nasledujúcich znakov \singleuv{/} v~elemente cesty +nasledujúcom za adresárom \var{d} je nahradených v¹etkými +podadresármi \var{d}: najprv podadresármi priamo pod \var{d}, potom +podadresármi pod nimi, atï. Poradie, v~akom sú prehµadávané +podadresáre na ka¾dej úrovni, \emph{nie je ¹pecifikované}. + +Ak po \samp{//} ¹pecifikujete akékoµvek komponenty mena súboru, +pridajú sa iba pod\-adre\-sáre so zodpovedajúcimi komponentami. +Napríklad, \samp{/a//b} sa expanduje do +adresárov \file{/a/1/b}, \file{/a/2/b}, +\file{/a/1/1/b}, atï, ale nie do \file{/a/b/c} alebo \file{/a/1}. + +Viacnásobné kon¹trukcie \samp{//} v~ceste sú mo¾né, ale +pou¾itie \samp{//} na zaèiatku cesty je ignorované. + +\subsubsection{Typy ¹peciálnych znakov a ich význam: zhrnutie} +Nasledujúci zoznam zahàòa %B% význam +zvlá¹tne znaky v~konfiguraèných +súboroch \KPS{}. + +% need a wider space for the item labels here. 3em instead of 2em +\newcommand{\CODE}[1]{\makebox[3em][l]{\code{#1}}} +\begin{description} +\item[\CODE{:}]Oddeµovaè v~¹pecifikácii cesty; na zaèiatku alebo + na konci cesty nahrádza predvolenú expanziu cesty.\par +\item[\CODE{;}]Oddeµovaè v~neunixových systémoch (správa sa ako + \samp{:}). +\item[\CODE{\$}]Expanzia premennej. +\item[\CODE{\string~}] Reprezentuje domovský adresár pou¾ívateµa. +\item[\CODE{\char`\{...\char`\}}] Expanzia zátvoriek, napr.\ + z~\verb+a{1,2}b+ sa stane \verb+a1b:a2b+. +\item[\CODE{//}] Expanzia podadresárov. (Mô¾e sa + vyskytnú» kdekoµvek v~ceste, okrem jej zaèiatku). +\item[\CODE{\%}] Zaèiatok komentáru. +\item[\CODE{\bs}] Znak pokraèovania riadku (umo¾òuje viacriadkové vstupy). +\item[\CODE{!!}] Povel na hµadanie súboru \emph{iba} v~databáze, + neprehµadáva disk. +\end{description} + +\subsection{Súborové databázy} +\label{Filename-database} + +\KPS{} minimalizuje prístupy na disk pri vyhµadávaní. Predsa v¹ak +pri in¹taláciách s~dostatoèným mno¾stvom adresárov hµadanie súboru +v~ka¾dom mo¾nom adresári mô¾e zabra» prehnane veµa èasu (toto platí +zvlá¹» vtedy, keï musia by» prejdené stovky adresárov s~fontami). +\KPS{} preto pou¾íva externe vytvorený \singleuv{databázový} súbor +nazývaný \file{ls-R}, ktorý mapuje súbory v~adresároch a pomáha tak +vyhnú» sa vyèerpávajúcemu prehµadávaniu disku. + +Skratky mien (\file{aliases}) v~druhom databázovom súbore vám +umo¾òujú da» dodatoèné mená súborom nachádzajúcim sa +v~zozname \file{ls-R}. Toto mô¾e by» u¾itoèné pri prispôsobovaní sa +8.3-\nobreak súborovým konvenciám DOSu v~zdrojových súboroch. + +\subsubsection{Súborová databáza} +\label{ls-R} +Ako bolo vysvetlené hore, meno hlavnej databázy súborov musí +by» \file{ls-R}. Mô¾ete umiestni» jednu do koreòa ka¾dej hierarchie +\TeX u{} vo svojej in¹talácii, ktorú chcete, aby bola prehµadávaná +(predvolená je \code{\$TEXMF}); väè¹inou sa jedná iba o~jednu +hierarchiu. \KPS{} hµadá \file{ls-R} súbory podµa cesty +v~\code{TEXMFDBS}. + +Odporúèaný spôsob ako vytvori» a udr¾iava» \samp{ls-R} je spusti» +skript \code{mktexlsr} zahrnutý v~distribúcii. Je vyvolávaný +rôznymi \samp{mktex}\dots\ skriptami. Tento skript v~princípe iba +spú¹»a príkaz +\begin{alltt} +cd \var{/your/texmf/root} && \path|\|ls -1LAR ./ >ls-R +\end{alltt} +predpokladajúc, ¾e \code{ls} vá¹ho systému vytvára správny výstup +(výstup \acro{GNU} \code{ls} je v~poriadku). Aby ste sa ubezpeèili, +¾e databáza bude v¾dy aktuálna, najjednoduch¹ie je pravidelne ju +prebudováva» cez \code{cron}, +tak¾e po zmenách v~in¹talovaných +súboroch \Dash\ napríklad pri in¹talácii alebo aktualizácii balíka +\LaTeX u{} \Dash\ bude súbor \file{ls-R} automaticky aktualizovaný. + +Ak súbor nie je v~databáze nájdený, podµa predvoleného nastavenia +\KPS{} zaène vyhµadáva» na disku. Ak v¹ak urèitý element cesty +zaèína \samp{!!}, bude prehµadávaná \emph{iba} databáza, nikdy nie +disk. + +\subsubsection{kpsewhich: Samostatné prehµadávanie cesty} +\label{Invoking-kpsewhich} +Program \texttt{kpsewhich} vykonáva prehµadávanie cesty nezávislé +od ka¾dej aplikácie. Mô¾e by» u¾itoèný ako vyhµadávací \code{find} +program na nájdenie súborov v~hierarchiách \TeX u{} (veµmi sa +vyu¾íva v~distribuovaných \samp{mktex}\dots\ skriptoch). + +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich \var{option}\dots{} \var{filename}\dots{}} +\end{alltt} +Voµby ¹pecifikované v~\singleuv{\texttt{\var{option}}} mô¾u zaèína» buï +\samp{-} alebo \samp{-{}-} a ka¾dá skratka, ktorá nie je viacznaèná, je +akceptovaná. + +\KPS{} pova¾uje ka¾dý element vstupného riadku, ktorý nie je +argumentom nejakej voµby, za meno súboru, ktorý hµadá a +vracia prvý súbor, ktorý nájde. Neexistuje voµba umo¾òujúca +vráti» v¹etky súbory s~urèitým menom (na to mô¾ete pou¾i» +nástroj Unixu \samp{find}). + +Ïal¹ie dôle¾itej¹ie voµby sú popísané ni¾¹ie. +\begin{description} +\item[\CODE{--dpi=num}]\hfill\break + Nastav rozlí¹enie na \singleuv{\texttt{\var{num}}}; toto má vplyv iba na + \samp{gf} a \samp{pk} vyhµadávanie. \samp{-D} je synonymom, kvôli + kompatibilite s~\cmdname{dvips}. Predvolená hodnota je~600. +\item[\CODE{--format=name}]\hfill\break + Nastav formát na vyhµadávanie na \singleuv{\texttt{\var{name}}}. Podµa + predvoleného nastavenia je formát uhádnutý z~mena súboru. Pre formáty, + ktoré nemajú asociovanú jednoznaènú príponu, ako napríklad podporné + súbory \MP u a konfiguraèné súbory \cmdname{dvips}, musíte + ¹pecifikova» meno ako známe pre \KPS{}, také ako + \texttt{tex} alebo \texttt{enc files}. Zoznam získate spustením + \texttt{kpsewhich -{}-help}. + +\item[\texttt{--mode=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Nastav meno módu na \singleuv{\texttt{\var{string}}}; toto má vplyv iba na + \samp{gf} a \samp{pk} vyhµadávanie. ®iadna predvolená hodnota: + ka¾dý mód bude nájdený. +\item[\texttt{--must-exist}]\mbox{}\\ + Urob v¹etko preto, aby si na¹iel súbory. Ak je to potrebné, + vrátane hµadania na disku. Normálne je v~záujme efektívnosti + prehµadávaná iba databáza \file{ls-R}. +\item[\texttt{--path=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Vyhµadávaj podµa cesty \singleuv{\texttt{\var{string}}} (oddeµovaná dvojbodkou + ako zvyèajne) namiesto hádania vyhµadávacej cesty z~mena súboru. + Podporované sú \samp{//} a v¹etky be¾né expanzie. Voµby \samp{--path} + a \samp{--format} sa vzájomne vyluèujú. +\item[\texttt{--progname=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Nastav meno programu na \singleuv{\texttt{\var{name}}}. Toto nastavenie ovplyvòuje + pou¾itie vyhµadávacej cesty cez nastavenie \singleuv{\texttt{.\var{progname}}} + v~konfiguraèných súboroch. Predvolená hodnota je \samp{kpsewhich}. +\item[\texttt{--show-path=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Zobrazí cestu pou¾itú na vyhµadávanie súboru s typom +\singleuv{\texttt{\var{name}}}. + Mô¾e by» pou¾itá buï súborová prípona (\samp{.pk}, \samp{.vf} a pod.) + alebo meno, podobne ako vo voµbe \samp{--format}. +\item[\texttt{--debug=\var{num}}]\mbox{}\\ + Nastaví masku výberu ladiacích mo¾ností na \singleuv{\texttt{\var{num}}}. +\end{description} + +\subsubsection{Príklady pou¾itia} +\label{SExamplesofuse} +Pozrime sa na \KPS{} v~akcii. Za podèiarknutým príkazom nasleduje +výsledok vyhµadávania v~nasledujúcich riadkoch. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich article.cls} +/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls +\end{alltt} +Hµadáme súbor \file{article.cls}. Keï¾e prípona \samp{.cls} je +jednoznaèná, nemusíme ¹pecifikova», ¾e hµadáme súbor typu \singleuv{tex} +(zdrojový súbor \TeX{}). Nájdeme ho v~podadresári +\file{tex/latex/base} pod koreòovým adresárom +\samp{TEXMF-dist}. Podobne, v¹etky nasledujúce súbory budú nájdené bez +problémov vïaka ich jednoznaènej prípone. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich array.sty} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/array.sty +> \Ucom{kpsewhich latin1.def} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/latin1.def +> \Ucom{kpsewhich size10.clo} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo +> \Ucom{kpsewhich small2e.tex} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/small2e.tex +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tugboat.bib} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/bibtex/bib/beebe/tugboat.bib +\end{alltt} + +Posledným súborom je bibliografická databáza \BibTeX u pre +èlánky \textsl{TUGBoatu}. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich cmr10.pk} +\end{alltt} +Bitmapové súbory fontov typu \file{.pk} sa pou¾ívajú zobrazovacími +programami ako \cmdname{dvips} a \cmdname{xdvi}. V~tomto prípade +je vrátený prázdny výsledok, keï¾e neexistujú ¾iadne vopred +generované Computer Modern \samp{.pk} súbory v~na¹om systéme +(vzhµadom na to, ¾e v~\TL{} implicitne pou¾ívame verzie Type1 ). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich wsuipa10.pk} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\else /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/ +... wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\fi\end{alltt} + +Pre tieto fonty (fonetickú abecedu z~University of Washington) sme museli vygenerova»\ +\samp{.pk} súbory. Keï¾e predvolený mód \MF u v~na¹ej in¹talácii +je \texttt{ljfour} so základným rozlí¹ením 600~dpi (dots per inch), +je vrátená táto in¹tancia. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich -dpi=300 wsuipa10.pk} +\end{alltt} +V~tomto prípade po ¹pecifikovaní, ¾e nás zaujíma rozlí¹enie 300dpi +(\texttt{-dpi=300}), vidíme, ¾e taký font nie je v~systéme +k~dispozícii. Programy ako \cmdname{dvips} alebo \cmdname{xdvi} +by v~tomto prípade vytvorili po¾adované \texttt{.pk} súbory, pou¾ijúc skript \cmdname{mktexpk}. + +Teraz obrá»me na¹u pozornos» na hlavièkové a konfiguraèné súbory +\cmdname{dvips}. Najprv sa pozrieme na jeden z~be¾ne pou¾ívaných +súborov, v¹eobecný prológový \file{tex.pro} na pod\-poru \TeX u{}, +potom pohµadáme konfiguraèný súbor (\file{config.ps}) a +PostScriptovú mapu fontov \file{psfonts.map} \Dash %B% as of 2004, +mapové a kódové súbory majú svoje vlastné cesty na vyhµadávanie a nové umiestnenie v~stromoch \dirname{texmf}. + +Keï¾e prípona +\samp{.ps} je ne\-jed\-no\-znaèná, musíme pre súbor \texttt{config.ps} +¹pecifikova» explicitne, o ktorý typ sa zaujímame (\optname{dvips +config}). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tex.pro} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/tex.pro +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format=`dvips config' config.ps} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/config/config.ps +> \Ucom{kpsewhich psfonts.map} + /usr/local/texmf/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map +\end{alltt} + +Teraz sa pozrieme na podporné súbory URW Times PostScript. + V~Berryho schéme meno pre +tieto pomenovania fontov je \uv{\texttt{utm}}. Prvý +súbor, ktorý hµadáme, je konfiguraèný súbor, ktorý obsahuje meno +mapového súboru: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.utm} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/dvips/psnfss/config.utm +\end{alltt} +Obsah tohoto súboru je +\begin{alltt} + p +utm.map +\end{alltt} +èo odkazuje na súbor \file{utm.map}, ktorý ideme ïalej hµada». +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utm.map} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/times/utm.map +\end{alltt} +Tento mapový súbor definuje mená súborov fontov typu Type1 +PostScript v~kolekcii URW. Jeho obsah vyzerá takto (zobrazili sme +iba jeho èas»): +\begin{alltt} + utmb8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb + utmbi8r NimbusRomNo9L-MediItal... <utmbi8a.pfb + utmr8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb + utmri8r NimbusRomNo9L-ReguItal... <utmri8a.pfb + utmbo8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb + utmro8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +\end{alltt} +Zoberme napríklad in¹tanciu Times Regular \file{utmr8a.pfb} a +nájdime jej pozíciu v~adresárovom strome \file{texmf} pou¾itím +vyhµadávania fontových súborov Type1: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utmr8a.pfb} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/urw/times/utmr8a.pfb +\else /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/ +... urw/utm/utmr8a.pfb +\fi\end{alltt} + +Z týchto príkladov by malo by» zrejmé, ako µahko mô¾ete nájs» +umiestnenie daného súboru. Toto je zvlá¹» dôle¾ité, keï máte +podozrenie, ¾e ste narazili na zlú verziu súboru, +preto¾e \cmdname{kpsewhich} emuluje vyhµadávanie +úplne rovnakým spôsobom ako skutoèný program (\TeX{}, dvips a pod). + + +\subsubsection{Ladenie vyhµadávania} +\label{Debugging} +Niekedy je potrebné vy¹etri», ako program rozpoznáva referencie na +súbory. Aby toto bolo mo¾né vhodne uskutoèni», \KPS{} ponúka rôzne +stupne ladenia: +\begin{itemize} +\item[\texttt{\ 1}] Volania \texttt{stat} (testy súborov). Pri behu + s~aktuálnou \file{ls-R} databázou by nemal da» takmer ¾iaden výstup. +\item[\texttt{\ 2}] Referencie do ha¹ovacích tabuliek (ako \file{ls-R} + databázy, mapové súbory, konfiguraèné súbory). +\item[\texttt{\ 4}] Operácie otvárania a zatvárania súboru. +\item[\texttt{\ 8}] V¹eobecná informácia o ceste pre typy súborov + hµadaných \KPS. Toto je u¾itoèné pri zis»ovaní, kde bola definovaná + urèitá cesta pre daný súbor. +\item[\texttt{16}] Adresárový zoznam pre ka¾dý element cesty (vz»ahuje + sa iba na vyhµadávanie na disku). +\item[\texttt{32}] Vyhµadávanie súborov. +\end{itemize} +Hodnota \texttt{-1} nastaví v¹etky horeuvedené voµby, v~praxi +pravdepodobne v¾dy pou¾ijete tieto úrovne, ak budete potrebova» +akékoµvek ladenie. + +Podobne s~programom \cmdname{dvips} nastavením kombinácie +ladiacích prepínaèov mô¾ete detailne sledova», odkiaµ sa berú +pou¾ívané súbory. Aktuálny popis parametrov je mo¾né nájs» +v~\path{../texmf/doc/html/dvips/dvips_2.html}. Alternatívne, +keï súbor nie je nájdený, +ladiaca cesta ukazuje, v~ktorých adresároch program daný súbor +hµadal, èo mô¾e naznaèova», v~èom sa asi vyskytol problém. + +V¹eobecne povedané, keï¾e väè¹ina programov volá kni¾nicu \KPS{} +vnútorne, ladiace voµby je mo¾né nastavi» pomocou premennej +prostredia \envname{KPATHSEA\_DEBUG} na potrebnú kombináciu, ako je +to popísané v~horeuvedenom zozname. + +(Poznámka pre pou¾ívateµov Windows: nie je jednoduché +presmerova» v¹etky hlá¹ky v~tomto systéme do súboru. +Na diagnostikovacie úèely mô¾ete doèasne priradi»\\ + \texttt{SET KPATHSEA\_DEBUG\_OUTPUT=err.log}). + + +Uva¾ujme ako príklad malý zdrojový súbor +\LaTeX u{}, \file{hello-world.tex}, ktorý obsahuje nasledujúci vstup. +\begin{verbatim} + \documentclass{article} + \begin{document} + Hello World! + \end{document} +\end{verbatim} +Tento malý súbor pou¾íva iba font \file{cmr10}, tak¾e pozrime sa, +ako \cmdname{dvips} pripravuje PostScriptový súbor (chceme pou¾i» +Type1 verziu písiem Computer Modern, preto je nastavená +voµba \texttt{-Pcms}\footnote{Od verzie \TL{}~7 nie +je nutné túto voµbu nastavova», preto¾e Type~1 fonty sú +naèítané implicitne.}. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips -d4100 hello-world -Pcms -o} +\end{alltt} +V~tomto prípade sme skombinovali \cmdname{dvips} ladiacu +triedu~4 (cesty k~fontom) s~expanziou elementu cesty \KPS\ +(pozri Referenèný Manuál +\cmdname{dvips},\OnCD {texmf/doc/html/dvips/dvips_toc.html}). +%\ifSingleColumn +%We get something +%like the following (we have rearranged the output for easier display): +%\begin{alltt}\small +%\input{examples/ex6.tex} +%\end{alltt} +%\else +Výstup, trochu preusporiadaný, je zobrazený na +obrázku~\ref{fig:dvipsdbga}. + +\begin{figure*}[tp] +\centering +\input{examples/ex6a.tex} +\caption{Hµadanie konfiguraèných súborov}\label{fig:dvipsdbga} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6b.tex} +\caption{Hµadanie \singleuv{prolog} súboru}\label{fig:dvipsdbgb} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6c.tex} +\caption{Hµadanie súboru fontu}\label{fig:dvipsdbgc} +\end{figure*} + + +%\input{examples/ex6skfromtl6.tex} % TODO: Janka -- treba aktualizovat +% z ../examples/ex6*.tex + +\cmdname{dvips} zaène lokáciou svojich pracovných súborov. Najprv je +nájdený \file{texmf.cnf}, ktorý obsahuje definície vyhµadávacích +ciest ostatných súborov, potom databáza súborov \file{ls-R} (na +optimalizáciu vyhµadávania súborov) a skratky mien súborov +(\file{aliases}), èo robí mo¾ným deklarova» viacero mien (napr.\ +krátke meno typu \singleuv{8.3} ako v~\acro{DOS}e a dlh¹iu prirodzenej¹iu +verziu) pre ten istý súbor. Potom \cmdname{dvips} pokraèuje +v~hµadaní v¹eobecného konfiguraèného súboru \file{config.ps} skôr, +ako zaène hµada» súbor nastavení \file{.dvipsrc} (ktorý, v~tomto +prípade, \emph{nie je nájdený}). Nakoniec, \cmdname{dvips} nájde +konfiguraèný súbor pre font Computer Modern PostScript, +\file{config.cms} (toto bolo iniciované voµbou\texttt{-Pcms} +v~príkaze \cmdname{dvips}). Tento súbor obsahuje zoznam \uv{mapových} +súborov, ktoré definujú vz»ah medzi menami fontov v~\TeX u, +PostScripte a systéme súborov. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{more /usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms} + p +ams.map + p +cms.map + p +cmbkm.map + p +amsbkm.map +\end{alltt} +\cmdname{dvips} preto pokraèuje v~hµadaní v¹etkých týchto súborov plus +v¹eobecného mapového súboru \file{psfonts.map}, ktorý sa naèítava +v¾dy (obsahuje deklarácie be¾ne pou¾ívaných PostScriptových fontov; +pozri poslednú èas» sekcie~\ref{SExamplesofuse}, kde sa nachádza +viac detailov o narábaní s~mapovými súbormi PostScriptu). + +V~tomto bode sa \cmdname{dvips} identifikuje +pou¾ívateµovi\,\ldots +\begin{alltt}\ifSingleColumn +This is dvips 5.78 Copyright 1998 Radical Eye Software + (www.radicaleye.com) +\else\small{}This is dvips 5.78 Copyright 1998 Radical Eye ... +\fi\end{alltt}% decided to accept slight overrun in tub case + +\ifSingleColumn +\noindent\ldots potom pokraèuje v~hµadaní prológového súboru +\file{texc.pro}: + +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(texc.pro) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro +\end{alltt} +\else +potom pokraèuje v~hµadaní prológového súboru +\file{texc.pro} (pozri obrázok~\ref{fig:dvipsdbgb}). +\fi +Po nájdení tohoto súboru, \cmdname{dvips} napí¹e na výstup dátum a +èas a informuje nás, ¾e vygeneruje súbor \file{hello-world.ps}, ¾e +potrebuje súbor s fontom \file{cmr10}, ktorý bude deklarovaný ako +\uv{rezidentný}: +\begin{alltt}\small +TeX output 1998.02.26:1204' -> hello-world.ps +Defining font () cmr10 at 10.0pt +Font cmr10 <CMR10> is resident. +\end{alltt} +Teraz sa rozbehne hµadanie súboru \file{cmr10.tfm}, ktorý je +nájdený, potom je referencovaných e¹te niekoµko prológových súborov +(nezobrazené) a nakoniec je nájdená in¹tancia fontu +Type1, \file{cmr10.pfb}, ktorá je pridaná do výstupného súboru +(pozri posledný riadok). +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm, must\_exist=1, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//: + /var/tex/fonts/tfm//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm +kdebug:start search(file=texps.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + ... +<texps.pro> +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.pfb, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb +<cmr10.pfb>[1] +\end{alltt} + +\subsection{Mo¾nosti nastavenia za behu programu} +Ïal¹ou z~pekných èàt distribúcie \Webc{} je mo¾nos» kontroly +mno¾stva pamä»ových parametrov (najmä veµkosti polí) za behu +prostredníctvom súboru \file{texmf.cnf}, +ktorý èíta kni¾nica \KPS{}. Nastavenia v¹etkých parametrov mô¾ete +nájs» v~èasti~3 tohto súboru. Najdôle¾itej¹ie riadiace +premenné (èísla riadkov sa vz»ahujú na súbor \file{texmf.cnf}): + +\begin{description} +\item[\texttt{main\_memory}] + Celkový poèet dostupných slov v~pamäti pre \TeX{}, \MF{} a \MP. + Musíte vytvori» nový formátový súbor pre ka¾dé odli¹né nastavenie. + Napríklad mô¾ete vygenerova» \uv{obrovskú} verziu \TeX u{} + a zavola» súbor s~formátom \texttt{hugetex.fmt}. S~pou¾ítím + ¹tandardnej ¹pecifikácie mena programu pou¾ívaného kni¾nicou + \KPS{}, konkrétna hodnota premennej main\_memory sa naèíta zo + súboru \file{texmf.cnf}. + %B% (porovnaj v¹eobecnú hodnotu a \uv{obrovskú} hodnotu, ktorá sa in¹tancuje cez \texttt{hugetex}, atï.). +\item[\texttt{extra\_mem\_bot}] + Dodatoèný priestor pre \uv{veµké} dátové ¹truktúry \TeX u{}: + \uv{boxy}, \uv{glue}, \uv{break\-point(y)} a podobne. + Je to u¾itoèné hlavne ak pou¾ívate \PiCTeX{}. +%%PS (riadok 300). +\item[\texttt{font\_mem\_size}] + Poèet dostupných slov pre informáciu o fontoch v~\TeX u. Toto je + viac-menej celková veµkos» v¹etkých preèítaných TFM súborov. +\item[\texttt{hash\_extra}] + Dodatoèný priestor pre ha¹ovaciu tabuµku mien riadiacej sekvencie. + Pribli¾ne 10\,000 riadiacich sekvencií mô¾e by» ulo¾ených v~hlavnej + ha¹ovacej tabuµke; ak máte veµkú knihu s~mnohými krí¾ovými odkazmi, + toto nemusí staèi». Implicitná hodnota \texttt{hash\_extra} je \texttt{50000}. + %B% Vidíte, ¾e obidve volania programov \cmdname{hugetex} a \cmdname{pdftex} po¾adujú + %B% dodatoèných 15\,000 riadiacich sekvencií (preddefinovaná hodnota + %B% hash\_extra je nula). +\end{description} + +Samozrejme, tento prvok nemô¾e nahradi» naozajstné dynamické polia +a alokácie pamäte, ale keï¾e tieto sa veµmi »a¾ko implementujú +v~súèasnej verzii \TeX u, tieto parametre poèas behu programu +poskytujú praktický kompromis, ktorý dovoµuje aspoò nejakú +flexi\-bilitu. +\end{otherlanguage} + +\begin{comment} +\section{Pøeklad pro novou unixovou platformu} + +Pokud pou¾íváte platformu, pro kterou neposkytujeme binárky, nezbude vám +nic jiného, ne¾ si je vytvoøit ze zdrojákù sami. +Není to tak tì¾ké, jak se traduje èi zdá. V¹e, co je tøeba, najdete +v~adresáøi \texttt{source} distribuce. + +\subsection{Pøedpoklady úspìchu} + +Budete potøebovat alespoò 100~Mebibytù diskového prostoru na kompilaci +celého \TeX{}u a podpùrných programù. Budete také potøebovat kompilátor +\acro{ANSI}~C, program \cmdname{make}, lexikální analyzátor a generátor +pøekladaèe. Doporuèujeme \acro{GNU} verze tìchto programù +(\cmdname{gcc}, \acro{GNU} \cmdname{make}, \cmdname{m4}, \cmdname{flex}, +\cmdname{bison}). Mo¾ná uspìjete i s~jinými verzemi kompilátoru~C, +programu \cmdname{make} a dal¹ích programù, ale budete potøebovat +dobrou znalost kompilace unixových programù pro øe¹ení kolizí. + +Také pøíkaz \texttt{uname} musí vracet rozumné hodnoty. + + +\subsection{Konfigurace} + +Pro zaèátek proveïte normální instalaci \TL{} na vá¹ disk (viz +oddíl~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} na +stranì~\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk}). Mù¾ete pøeskoèit instalaci +v¹ech pøedkompilovaných binárek. + +Potom rozbalte zdroje z~komprimovaného \texttt{tar} archívu z~adresáøe +\dirname{source} na svùj disk a pøejdìte do adresáøe, kam jste zdroje +rozbalili. + +Potom spus»te program \cmdname{configure} napøíklad takto: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh configure -prefix=/usr/local/TeX} +\end{alltt} + +Adresáø udaný pøepínaèem \optname{-prefix} je ten, kam jste instalovali +pomocný texmf strom; struktura adresáøù bude jak je popsáno ní¾e (pøièem¾ +\$TEXDIR je adresáø, který jste zvolili): + +\noindent +\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{}>{\ttfamily}lX@{}} + \dirname{$TEXDIR/share/texmf} & hlavní strom s~fonty, makry, atp.\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/man} & unixové manuálové stránky\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/info} & \acro{GNU} Info manuály\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin/$PLATFORM} & binárky +\end{tabularx} +%$ + +Pokud chcete zru¹it extra úroveò adresáøù \dirname{$PLATFORM} pro ka¾dou +platformu, t.j.\ ulo¾it binárky do adresáøe \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin}, +specifikujte volbu \verb|--disable-multiplatform| pro \cmdname{configure}. + +Podívejte se na výstup pøíkazu \verb|./configure --help| pro popis +dal¹ích pøepínaèù, které mù¾ete chtít pou¾ít. Napøíklad mù¾ete chtít +vynechat pøeklad \OMEGA{}y èi \eTeX{}u. + + +\subsection{Spu¹tìní \cmdname{make}} + +Ovìøte, zda promìnná prostøedí nebo volba \texttt{noclobber} není nastavena. +Potom spus»te hlavní \cmdname{make} takto: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make world} +\end{alltt} +a dejte si chvíli oddechu\ldots + +Pøípadnì si mù¾ete zaznamenat v¹echen výstup takto: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh -c \string"make world >world.log 2>\&1\string" \&} +\end{alltt} + +Pøedtím ne¾ uvìøíte, ¾e v¹echno je v~poøádku, zkontrolujte +logovací soubor na chyby: \acro{GNU} \cmdname{make} v¾dy pou¾ívá øetìzec +\samp{***}, kdykoliv pøíkaz sel¾e. Také zkontrolujte, zda v¹echny programy +byly opravdu pøelo¾eny: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd \var{TEXDIR}/bin/\var{archname}} +> \Ucom{ls | wc} +\end{alltt} +Výsledkem by mìlo být pøes 200 programù (mù¾ete zkontrolovat pøesný +poèet s~adresáøi \dirname{bin} na~distribuèním médiu). + +Pro závìreèný \texttt{make install} budete potøebovat rootovské +oprávnìní, tak¾e mù¾ete rozdìlit \samp{make world} na dvì èásti: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make all} +> \Ucom{su} +> \Ucom{make install strip} +\end{alltt} + +Poté, co instalujete v¹echny binárky, mìli byste provést +normální postinstalaèní proceduru, jak je popsána +v~oddíle~\ref{sec:postinstall} +na stranì~\pageref{sec:postinstall}. + +Kdy¾ budete chtít zpøístupnit svoje binárky ostatním, +prosíme kontaktujte nás. +R\'adi je umístíme na webov\'e stránky \TL. +\end{comment} + +\section{Podìkování} + +\TL{} je výsledkem spoleèného úsilí témìø v¹ech skupin u¾ivatelù \TeX u. +Tato vydání editovali \TL{} Sebastian Rahtz a Karl Berry. +Seznam ostatních hlavních pøisp\v{e}vatelù následuje. Dìkujeme: + +%B% Toto vydání \TL{} je editováno Sebastianem Rahtzem, pøièem¾ hlavní +%B% pøispìvatel byl Fabrice Popineau, který tvrdì pracoval na podpoøe +%B% Windows (zvlá¹tì na setupu!) a pøispìl mnoha rùznými zpùsoby a nápady, +%B% radami a kódem. Staszek Wawrykiewicz byl hlavní testér distribuce +%B% a koordinoval pøíspìvky z~Polska. + +%B% Kaja Christiansen provádìla neúnavnì opakované +%B% rekompilace na rùzných unixových platformách. Vladimir Volovich odvedl +%B% vynikající práci na vyèi¹tìní zdrojových textù a provedl mnohá +%B% vylep¹ení, zatímco Gerben Wierda dìlal ve¹kerou práci pro \MacOSX. + +\begin{itemize*} +\item Sdru¾ení nìmecky mluvících u¾ivatelù \TeX{}u (\acro{DANTE} e.V.), +které poskytlo hardware pro ulo¾ení zdrojù \TL{}; Rainer Sch\"opf a Reinhard Zierke, kteøí se o nì starají. +Pøedstavitelé \acro{DANTE} Volker Schaa a Klaus H\"oppner +koordinovali výrobu u Lehmann's Bookstore, \url{http://www.lob.de}. + +\item Spoleènosti Perforce (\url{http://www.perforce.com}), která poskytla volné kopie svého excelentního zmìnového systému, +který pou¾íváme pro vývoj \TeXLive. + +\item Peteru Breitenlohnerovi a \eTeX\ týmu, kteøí poskytují stabilní základ budoucnosti \TeX u. + +%B% \item Karlu Berrymu, který poskytl pùvodní distribuci \Webc{}, a +%B% pokraèoval v~poskytování cenných rad, povzbuzení a pomocí. + +%B% \item Mimi Burbankové, která zajistila na Florida State University +%B% School of Computational Science and Information Technology pøístup +%B% k~øadì rùzných poèítaèù rùzných platforem pro pøeklad +%B% \TeX{}ových binárek a distribuce testovala, kdykoliv to bylo potøeba. + +\item Thomasi Esserovi, za pøekrásný balík \teTeX{} bez nìho¾ by \TL{} +zajisté neexistovala. Jeho soustavná pomoc pomáhá vytvoøit lep¹í +produkt. + +\item Michelu Goossensovi, který je spoluautorem pùvodní dokumentace. + +\item Eitanu Gurarimu, jeho¾ \TeX{}4ht bylo pou¾ito pro +\HTML{} verzi této dokumentace a který obratem +pracoval neúnavnì na jeho roz¹íøeních. + +\item Hansi Hagenovi, za mnohá testování a pøípravu formátu \ConTeXt\ +pøizpùsobeného potøeb\'am \TL. + +\item Paw{\l}u Jackowski, za windovsový instalátor \cmdname{tlpm}, +a Tomaszovi {\L}uczak, za \cmdname{tlpmgui}. + +\item \Thanh, Martinu Schr\"oderovi a pdf\TeX\ týmu +za pokraèující roz¹iøování mo¾ností \TeX u. + +\item Petru Ol¹ákovi, který kontroloval velmi peèlivì +èeskou a slovenskou podporu na \TeXLive. + +\item Fabrice Popineau, za windowsové binárky na \TL{}. + +\item Staszkovi Wawrykiewiczi, hlavnímu testérovi v¹eho na \TL{} a +koordinátorovi mnoha dùle¾itých polských pøíspìvkù: fontù, windowsové instalace a dal¹ích. + +\item Olafu Weberovi, pro jeho peèlivé sestavení a údr¾bu \Webc, +na které závisí v¹e ostatní. + +\item Gerbenu Wierdovi, za vytvoøení a údr¾bu podpory \MacOSX\ a +za mnohou integraci a testování. + +\item Grahamu Williamsovi, na jeho¾ práci na katalogu balíkù závisíme. + +\end{itemize*} + +Tvùrci binárek: +Tigran Aivazian (\pkgname{x86\_64-linux}), +Manfred Lotz (\pkgname{i386-freebsd}), +%Maksym Polyakov (\pkgname{sparc-solaris}), +Fabrice Popineau (\pkgname{win32}), +Norbert Preining (\pkgname{alpha-linux}), +Vladimir Volovich (\pkgname{powerpc-aix}, \pkgname{sparc64-linux}, \pkgname{sparc-solaris}), +Staszek Wawrykiewicz (\pkgname{i386-linux}), +Olaf Weber (\pkgname{mips-irix}), +Gerben Wierda (\pkgname{i386-darwin}, \pkgname{powerpc-darwin}). + +Obnova dokumentace a pøekladù: +Karl Berry (English), +Daniel Flipo \& Fabrice Popineau (French), +G\"unter Partosch \& Hartmut Henkel (German), +Petr Sojka \& Jan Bu\v{s}a (Czech\slash Slovak), +Boris Veytsman (Russian), +Staszek Wawrykiewicz (Polish). +%B% Dále Gerhard Wilhelms, Volker Schaa, Fabrice Popineau, Janka +%B% Chlebíková, Petra Sojková, Staszek Wawrykiewicz, +%B% Erik Frambach a Ulrik Vieth laskavì pøelo¾ili v~rùzných +%B% obdobích dokumentaci do svých mateøských jazykù a poskytli +%B% vítanou zpìtnou reakci. +\footnote{Ke korektuøe èeského a slovenského pøekladu pøispìli +v~letech 2003--2004 krom\v{e} autor\r{u} Jaromír Kuben, Milan +Matlák, Tomá¹ Ob¹ívaè, Tomá¹ Pole¹ovský, Libor ©karvada, +Zdenìk Wagner a dal¹í.} + +Samozøejmì, nejdùle¾itej¹í podìkování patøí Donaldu Knuthovi, +pøedev¹ím za vymy¹lení \TeX u a také za to, ¾e ho vìnoval svìtu. + +\section{Trocha historie} +\label{sec:history} + +\subsection{Minulost} + +Diskuse zaèala koncem roku 1993, kdy holandská skupina +u¾ivatelù \TeX{}u NTG zaèala práci na +\CD{} 4All\TeX{} pro u¾ivatele \acro{MS-DOS}u, doufajíc, +¾e doba nazrála pro vydání jednoho \CD{} pro v¹echny +systémy. Byl to na svou dobu pøíli¹ ambiciózní cíl, ale +nenastartoval jen velmi úspì¹né 4All\TeX{} \CD{}, ale také +pracovní skupinu \acro{TUG}u o \emph{\TeX{} Directory Structure} +(\url{http://tug.org/tds}), která specifikovala, +jak vytvoøit konzistentní a spravovatelnou +kolekci \TeX{}ových souborù. Kompletní draft +\TDS{} byl publikován v~prosincovém èísle èasopisu +\textsl{TUGboat} v~roce 1995 a +hned ze zaèátku bylo jasné, ¾e jedním z~¾ádaných produktù bude +vzorová struktura \CD{}. Distribuce, kterou nyní máte, je pøímým +výstupem práce této pracovní skupiny. Evidentní úspìch +4All\TeX{} \CD{} ukázal, ¾e i unixoví u¾ivatelé by +tou¾ili po podobnì jednoduchém systému, a to je také +jedno z~hlavních aktiv~\TeXLive. + +Nejprve jsme vytvoøili unixové \TDS{} \CD{} na podzim +1995 a rychle identifikovali \teTeX{} Thomase Essera +jako ideální systém, jeliko¾ ji¾ mìl multi-platformní +podporu a byl koncipován s~perspektivou +portability. Thomas souhlasil s~pomocí, a seriózní práce zapoèala +zaèátkem roku 1996. První vydání se uskuteènilo +v~kvìtnu 1996. Zaèátkem 1997 Karl Berry dokonèil nové hlavní +vydání \Webc, které obsahovalo témìø v¹echny vlastnosti, +které Thomas Esser pøidal do \teTeX{}u, a tak jsme se rozhodli +druhé vydání \CD{} postavit na standardním +\Webc, s~pøidáním skriptu \texttt{texconfig} z~\teTeX{}u. +Tøetí vydání \CD{} bylo zalo¾eno na dal¹í revizi +\Webc, 7.2, provedené Olafem Weberem; a jeliko¾ zároveò +byla hotova nová verze \teTeX{}u, \TL{} obsahoval +témìø v¹echna její vylep¹ení. +Podobnì ètvrté vydání pou¾ívalo novou verzi +\teTeX{}u a nové vydání \Webc{} (7.3). +Systém nyní obsahuje i kompletní systém pro Windows. + +Pro páté vydání (bøezen 2000) bylo mnoho èástí \CD{} revidováno +a zkontrolováno a byly aktualizovány stovky +balíkù. Detaily o balících byly ulo¾eny v~souborech XML. +Ale hlavní zmìnou pro \TeX\ Live~5 bylo vynìtí +softwaru, na kterém byla jakákoliv omezení na ¹íøení +(non-free software). V¹e ulo¾ené na \TL{} je nyní +sluèitelné s~tzv.\ `Debian Free Software Guide\-lines' +(\url{http://www.debian.org/intro/free}); udìlali jsme v¹e mo¾né, +abychom zkontrolovali licenèní podmínky v¹ech balíkù, +ale budeme vdìèni za upozornìní na jakékoli chyby. + +©esté vydání (èervenec 2001) mìlo aktualizovaného materiálu +je¹tì více. Hlavní zmìnou byl nový instalaèní pøístup: +u¾ivatel mù¾e volit instalaèní kolekce. +Byly kompletnì reorganizovány jazykové kolekce, +tak¾e jejich výbìrem se instalují +nejen makra, fonty, ale je také pøipraven odpovídající +soubor \texttt{language.dat}. + +Sedmé vydání v~roce 2002 mìlo podstatné roz¹íøení v~pøidání +podpory \MacOSX{}, kromì mno¾ství aktualizací balíkù a programù. +Dùle¾itým cílem byla opìtná integrace s~\teTeX{}em +a korekce odchylek z~pátého a ¹estého vydání. + +\subsubsection{2003} + +V~roce 2003 se neustálou smr¹tí oprav a roz¹íøení stalo to, ¾e +velikost \TL{} ji¾ neumo¾nila jeho smìstnání +na jedno \CD{}, a tak do¹lo k~rozdìlení na tøi rùzné distribuce +(viz oddíl~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} na +stranì~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). Navíc: + +\begin{itemize*} +\item Na ¾ádost \LaTeX{} týmu jsme zmìnili standardní pøíkazy + \cmdname{latex} a \cmdname{pdflatex} tak, ¾e nyní pou¾ívají + \eTeX{} (viz strana~\pageref{text:etex}). +\item Byly pøidány a jsou nyní doporuèovány k~pou¾ívání + nové fonty Latin Modern. +\item Byla zru¹ena podpora OS Alpha \acro{OSF} + (podpora \acro{HPUX} byla zru¹ena ji¾ døíve), jeliko¾ se nikdo + nena¹el, kdo by na tìchto platformách zkompiloval nové binárky. +\item Instalaèní program Windows byl zmìnìn podstatným zpùsobem; poprvé + bylo integrováno u¾ivatelské prostøedí zalo¾ené na XEmacsu. +\item Dùle¾ité pomocné programy pro Windows + (Perl, \GS{}, Image\-Magick, Ispell) jsou nyní instalovány + do instalaèního adresáøe \TL{}. +\item Mapovací soubory jmen fontù pro \cmdname{dvips}, \cmdname{dvipdfm} + a \cmdname{pdftex} jsou nyní generovány novým programem + \cmdname{updmap} a instalovány do \dirname{texmf/fonts/map}. +%+\item \TeX{}, \MF{}, and \MP{} now output 8-bit input +%+ characters as themselves in output (e.g., \verb|\write|) files, +%+ log files, and the terminal, i.e., \emph{not} translated using the +%+ \verb|^^| notation. In \TL{}~7, this translation was +%+ dependent on the system locale settings; now, locale settings do +%+ not influence the \TeX{} programs' behavior. If for some reason +%+ you need the \verb|^^| output, rename the file +%+ \verb|texmf/web2c/cp8bit.tcx|. (Future releases will have cleaner +%+ ways to control this.) +\item \TeX{}, \MF{} a \MP{} nyní dávají na výstup %B% 8-bitové + vìè¹inu vstupních + znakù (32 a vý¹) bez konverze (napøíklad do souborù + zapisovaných pomocí \verb|\write|, + souborù log, na terminál), a tedy \emph{nejsou pøekládány} do + sedmibitové \verb|^^| notace. V~\TL{}~7 bylo toto mapování + závislé na nastavení systémových locale; nyní ji¾ nastavení locale + \emph{neovlivní} chování \TeX{}u. Pokud z~nìjakých dùvodù + potøebujete výstup s~\verb|^^|, pøejmenujte soubor + \verb|texmf/web2c/cp8bit.tcx|. Pøí¹tí verze bude mít èist¹í + øe¹ení. +\item Tato dokumentace byla podstatným zpùsobem pøepracována. +\item Koneènì, jeliko¾ èísla verzí \TL{} ji¾ pøíli¹ narostla, + verze je nyní identifikována rokem vydání: \TL{} 2004. +\end{itemize*} + +\subsubsection{2004} + +Rok 2004 pøinesl mnoho zmìn: + +\begin{itemize} + +\item Pokud máte lokálnì instalovány fonty, které +vyu¾ívají své vlastní podporní soubory +\filename{.map} nebo (mnohem ménì pravdìpodobnì) \filename{.enc}, +mo¾ná budete nuceni tyto soubory pøesunout. + +Soubory \filename{.map} jsou nyní vyhledávány jen v~podaresáøích +\dirname{fonts/map} (v~ka¾dém stromì \filename{texmf}), podél cesty +\envname{TEXFONTMAPS}. Podobnì, soubory \filename{.enc} jsou hledány jen v~podadresáøích \dirname{fonts/enc}, podél cesty \envname{ENCFONTS}. \cmdname{updmap} se pokusí vypsat varování o~problematických souborech. + +O~metodách zpracování té které informace, prosíme viz +\url{http://tug.org/texlive/mapenc.html}. + +\item \TKCS\ byla roz¹íøena pøidáním instalovatelného \CD, +zalo¾eného na \MIKTEX u, pro ty, kteøí dávají pøednost +této implementaci pøed Web2C. +%Také lo\v{n}sk\'e demo \CD{} bylo nahrazeno instalovatelným \CD{} pro Windows. +Viz oddíl~\ref{sec:struct-tl} (stránka~\pageref{sec:struct-tl}). + +\item Uvnitø \TL byl samostatný velký strom \dirname{texmf} pøede¹lých vydání nahrazen tøemi: \dirname{texmf}, +\dirname{texmf-dist} a \dirname{texmf-doc}. Viz oddíl~\ref{sec:tld} (stránka~\pageref{sec:tld}) a soubory \filename{README} pro ka¾dý z~nich. + +\item V¹echny vstupní soubory týkajíci se \TeX u jsou teï soustøedìny v~podadresáøi \dirname{tex} stromù \dirname{texmf*} a nemají oddìlené sourozenecké adresáøe \dirname{tex}, \dirname{etex}, +\dirname{pdftex}, \dirname{pdfetex} atd. Viz +\CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions} +{\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions}}. + +\item Pomocní dávky (nemìly by být volány u¾ivateli) jsou teï +umístìny v~novém adresáøi \dirname{scripts} stromù \dirname{texmf*} a jsou vyhledávány prostøednictvím \verb|kpsewhich -format=texmfscripts|. Kdy¾ tedy máte programy volající tyto dávky, budou muset být nastaveny. Viz +\CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts} +{\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts}}. + +\item Témìø v¹echny formáty umo¾òují vìt¹inu znakù tisknout +bez konverze pomocí p\v{r}ekladov\'eho souboru +\filename{cp227.tcx}, místo jejich konverze pomocí +\verb|^^| notace. Konkrétnì, znaky na pozicích 32--256, +plus \uv{tab}, \uv{vertikální tab} a \uv{form feed} jsou pova¾ovány +za tisknutelné a nejsou konvertovány. Výjimky tvoøí plain \TeX\ +(jen 32--127 jsou tisknutelné), \ConTeXt\ (0--255 tisknutelné) a formáty +systému \OMEGA. Toto implicitní chování je témìø stejn\'e, jak na +\TL\,2003, ale je implementováno èistìji, s~více mo¾nostmi pøizpùsobení. +Viz \CDref{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files} +{\texttt{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files}}. +(Mimochodem, se vstupem Unicode, mù¾e \TeX\ na výstupu vypsat posloupnosti +èásteèných znakù pøi výpisu chybových kontextù, proto¾e je bytovì +orientován.) + +\item \textsf{pdfetex} je teï implicitní stroj pro v¹echny formáty +kromì samotného (plain) \textsf{tex}u. (Ten jistì¾e generuje \acro{DVI}, + kdy¾ je spu¹tìn jako \textsf{latex} atd.) To znamená, kromì jiných + vìcí, ¾e mikrotypografické roz\v{s}\'\i\v{r}en\'\i\ +\textsf{pdftex}u jsou dostupné + v~\LaTeX u, \ConTeXt ì atd., stejn\v{e} jako roz\v{s}\'\i\v{r}en\'\i\ +\eTeX u (\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/}). + +To také znamená, ¾e u¾ití balíku \pkgname{ifpdf} (pracuje s~plainem +i \LaTeX em) nebo ekvivalentního kódu je \emph{dùle¾itej¹í +ne¾ kdykoliv pøedtím}, proto¾e jednoduché testování, zda +je \cs{pdfoutput} nebo nìjaký jiný primitiv je definován, +není spolehlivý zpùsob urèení, zda je generován \acro{PDF} +výstup. Tento spìtný krok jsme udìlali co nejvíc kompatibilní +letos, ale v~p\v{r}\'\i\v{s}t\'\i m roce \cs{pdfoutput} mù¾e +být definován dokonce i kdy¾ se zapisuje do \acro{DVI}. + +\item pdf\TeX\ (\url{http://pdftex.org}) má mno¾ství nových vlastností: + + \begin{itemize*} + + \item \cs{pdfmapfile} a \cs{pdfmapline} poskytují podporu mapování fontù uvnitø dokumentu. + + \item Mikrotypografické roz¹íøení fontu mù¾e být pou¾ito jednodu¹eji.\\ + \url{http://www.ntg.nl/pipermail/ntg-pdftex/2004-May/000504.html} + + \item V¹echny parametry, které byly pøedtím nastavovány ve + zvlá¹tním konfiguraèním souboru \filename{pdftex.cfg}, musí + teï být nastaveny pomocí primitivù, obyèejnì + v~\filename{pdftexconfig.tex}; \filename{pdftex.cfg} není + dále podporován. V¹echny existující \filename{.fmt} souboru + musí být znovu vytvoøeny pøi zmìnì souboru \filename{pdftexconfig.tex}. + + \item Pro dal¹í informace viz manuál pdf\TeX u: \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual}. + + \end{itemize*} + +\item Primitiv \cs{input} v~\cmdname{tex}u (a \cmdname{mf} a \cmdname{mpost}) teï akceptuje dvojité uvozovky obsahující mezery a jiné zvlá¹tní znaky. Typické pøíklady: +\begin{verbatim} +\input "filename with spaces" % plain +\input{"filename with spaces"} % latex +\end{verbatim} +Pro dal¹í informace viz manuál Web2C: \OnCD{texmf/doc/web2c}. + +\item Podpora enc\TeX u je nyní zahrnuta uvnitø Web2C, +v~dùsledku toho ve v¹ech \TeX ových programech, pou¾itím +volby \optname{-enc} \Dash \emph{jen v~pøípadì, ¾e formáty +jsou vytvoøeny}. enc\TeX\ podporuje obecné pøekódování +vstupu a výstupu, èím\v{z} umo¾òuje plnou podporu kódování +Unicode (v~\acro{UTF}-8). Viz +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/generic/enctex/} a +\url{http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html}. + +\item Aleph, nový stroj kombinující \eTeX\ a \OMEGA, je nyní k~dispozici. +Trochu informace najdete na \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base} +a \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=aleph}. Formát pro +Aleph, zalo¾ený na \LaTeX u se jmenuje \textsf{lamed}. + +\item Nejnovìj¹í vydání \LaTeX u má novou verzi \acro{LPPL} \Dash teï +oficiálnì schválená Debian licence. Rozmanité dal¹í aktualizace najdete +v~souborech \filename{ltnews} v~\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/latex/base}. + +\item Je dodán \cmdname{dvipng}, nový program pro konvertování \acro{DVI} na +\acro{PNG} obrazové soubory. Viz \OnCD{texmf/doc/man/man1/dvipng.1}. + +\item Zredukovali jsme balík \pkgname{cbgreek} na \uv{støednì} velkou sadu fontù, se souhlasem a na radu autora (Claudio Beccari). +Odstranìné fonty jsou neviditelné, obrysové, a prùhledné, +relativnì zøídka se pou¾ívají a my jsme potøebovali místo. +Úplná sada je dostupná z~\acro{CTAN} +(\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/greek/cb}). + +\item \cmdname{oxdvi} byl odebrán; pou¾ijte jednodu¹e \cmdname{xdvi}. + +\item Pøíkazy \cmdname{ini} a \cmdname{vir} (linky) pro +\cmdname{tex}, \cmdname{mf} a \cmdname{mpost} se ji¾ nevytváøejí, +napøíklad \cmdname{initex}. Funkènost instrukce \cmdname{ini} byla po +celá léta pøístupna prostøednictvím volby \optname{-ini} na~pøíkazovém +øádku. + +\item Podpora platformy \textsf{i386-openbsd} byla zru\v{s}ena. +Jeliko¾ balíèek \pkgname{tetex} v~\acro{BSD} Ports systému +je dostupný a \acro{GNU/}Linux a Free\acro{BSD} binárky byly +dostupné, zdálo se nám, ¾e èas dobrovolníkù mù¾e být vyu¾it +lépe nìkde jinde. + +\item Na \textsf{sparc-solaris} (pøinejmen¹ím), jste mo¾ná +museli nastavovat promìnné prostøedí +\envname{LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH}, aby bì¾ely programy \pkgname{t1utils}. +Je to tím, ¾e jsou kompilovány v~C++, +a neexistuje standardní umístìní \singleuv{runtime} knihoven. +(To není novinka roku 2004, ale nebylo to døív zdokumentováno.) +Podobnì, na \textsf{mips-irix}, `runtime' knihovny pro \acro{MIPS} +7.4 jsou nezbytné. + +\end{itemize} + + +\subsection{Sou\v{c}asnost} +\label{tlcurrent} + +Rok 2005 pøinesl jako obvykle mno¾ství modernizací balíèkù a programù. +Infrastruktura zùstala relativnì stabilní z~roku 2004, ale nutnì také +nastaly nìjaké zmìny: + +\begin{itemize} + +\item Byly zavedeny nové skripty \cmdname{texconfig-sys}, \cmdname{updmap-sys} a + \cmdname{fmtutil-sys}, které mìní konfiguraci v~systémových stromech. + Skripty \cmdname{texconfig}, + \cmdname{updmap} a \cmdname{fmtutil} teï mìní u¾ivatelské (user-specific) soubory + v~\dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}. + Viz sekci~\ref{sec:texconfig} na stránce \pageref{sec:texconfig}. + +\item Na specifikaci stromù obsahujících konfiguraèní soubory (u¾ivatelské resp. systémové) + byly zavedeny odpovídající nové promìnné \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} resp. + \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}. Tedy, mo¾ná budete potøebovat pøesunout osobní verze + souborù \filename{fmtutil.cnf} a \filename{updmap.cfg} na tyto místa; jiná volba je + pøedefinování \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} nebo \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} v~souboru + \filename{texmf.cnf}. V~ka¾dém pøípadì skuteèná pozice tìchto souborù a + hodnoty \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} a \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} + se musejí shodovat. Viz oddíl~\ref{sec:texmftrees}, + strana~\pageref{sec:texmftrees}. + +\item Loni jsme ponechali \verb|\pdfoutput| a jiné primitivy nedefinovány + pro výstup DVI, pøesto¾e byl pou¾íván program \cmdname{pdfetex}. + Letos, jak jsme slíbili, jsme odstranili toto kompatibilitní + opatøení. Tedy kdy¾ vá¹ dokument pou¾ívá \verb|\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined| + na testováni, zda-li je výstup ve formátu PDF, je nutné ho zmìnit. Mù¾ete + k~tomu pou¾ít balík \pkgname{ifpdf.sty} (který funguje + v~plain \TeX u i \LaTeX u), nebo pou¾ít jeho logiku. + +\item Loni jsme zmìnili vìt¹inu formátù tak, aby vypisovaly (8-bitové) znaky + tak jak jsou (viz pøedcházející sekci). Nový TCX soubor + \filename{empty.tcx} teï poskytuje jednodu¹¹í cestu k~dosa¾ení + pùvodního zápisu \verb|^^| kdy¾ si tak budete pøát, jako v~pøípadì: +\begin{verbatim} +latex --translate-file=empty.tcx yourfile.tex +\end{verbatim} + +\item Nový program \cmdname{dvipdfmx} je zaøazen pro pøevedení z~DVI do PDF; +ten je platnou aktualizací programu + \cmdname{dvipdfm} (který je té¾ je¹tì k~dispozici, i kdy¾ ho nedoporuèujeme). + +\item Nové programy \cmdname{pdfopen} a \cmdname{pdfclose} byly pøidány, aby +poskytly mo¾nost znovu otevøít pdf +soubory v~programe Adobe Acrobat Reader bez jeho restartu. + (Jiné prohlí¾eèe pdf, pøedev¹ím \cmdname{xpdf}, + \cmdname{gv} a \cmdname{gsview}, nikdy netrpìly tímto problémem.) + +\item Kvùli dùslednosti promìnné \envname{HOMETEXMF} a + \envname{VARTEXMF} byly pøejmenovány na \envname{TEXMFHOME} resp. na + \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR}. Je tu také \envname{TEXMFVAR}, která je + implicitnì u¾ivatelsky závislá (user-specific). Viz první bod vý¹e. +\end{itemize} + + +\subsection{Budoucnost} + +\emph{\TL{} není dokonalý!} A~nikdy nebude. Máme v~úmyslu +pokraèovat v~pravidelných roèních vydáních a rádi bychom poskytovali +více podpùrných materiálù, programù, vèetnì instalaèních a jistì¾e +aktualizovaný a zkontrolovaný strom maker a fontù. Tato práce je +provádìna dobrovolníky v~jejich limitovaném volném èase a mnoho +potøebného je¹tì zbývá udìlat. Pokud mù¾ete pøilo¾it ruku k~dílu, +neváhejte zvednout ruku! + +Prosíme, po¹lete opravy, návrhy, námìty a nabídky pomoci na:\hfill\null +\begin{quote} +Sebastian Rahtz \ / \ 7 Stratfield Road \ / \ Oxford OX2 7BG \ / \ UK \\ +\email{tex-live@tug.org} \\ +\url{http://tug.org/texlive} +\end{quote} + +\medskip +\noindent \textsl{©»\kern-.4ptastné \TeX ování!} + +\end{document} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/live4ht.cfg b/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/live4ht.cfg new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3fa6506696b --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/czechslovak/texlive-cz/live4ht.cfg @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +% tex4ht configuration file for the TeX Live documentation. +% Accumulated over many years. Public domain. +% +% html specifies the main output format. +% info for extra debugging info in the log files. + +% better approach is to have html in one piece (including footnotes). +% also the newest TeX4ht could produce UTF-8 output (-utf8 option) +\Preamble{charset=iso-8859-2,html,info,fn-in} + +% add extra stylesheet +\Configure{@HEAD}{\HCode{% +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="\jobname.css" />\Hnewline +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="tex-live.css" />\Hnewline +}} + +% or LaTeX complains it is missing. +\begin{document} + +\EndPreamble + +% simplify output for HTML. We leave TeX and LaTeX alone, since tex4ht +% actually does the lowered E (and raised A) in CSS. +\def\OMEGA{Omega} +\def\LaTeXe{LaTeX2e} +\def\eTeX{e-\TeX} +\def\acro#1{#1} +\def\MF{Metafont} +\def\BibTeX{BibTeX} +\def\warningbox{} +\def\endwarningbox{} + +\newif\ifhackliterals +\ifx\tldocenglish\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocrussian\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocgerman\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +% +\ifhackliterals + % these definitions cause "missing } inserted" at \end{tabularx} in + % French and Czech. don't know why. + % + % don't make these into links, as happens with \path. We only have a couple + % special characters that actually occur. + \def\dirname{\texttt\bgroup\catcode`\$=12 \catcode`\_=12 \finishliteral} + \def\finishliteral#1{#1\egroup} + \let\filename=\dirname +\fi diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/AUTHORS b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/AUTHORS new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..626accbf6c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/AUTHORS @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +AUTHORS file for tex-refs +========================= + +Michael Wiedmann <mw@miwie.in-berlin.de> + +-- +$Id: AUTHORS 123 2004-03-26 20:25:26Z mw $ diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/Makefile b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..61a4dcf2b41 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,190 @@ +# Makefile for tex-refs +# +# $Id: Makefile 146 2005-05-14 15:34:22Z mw $ + +PROJECT=tex-refs +VERSION = 0.3.9 +TITLE="Ref. for TeX and Friends" + +DISTDIR = $(PROJECT)-$(VERSION) + +SRC_FILES=$(PROJECT)-xinclude.xml $(PROJECT)-chapter*.xml \ + $(PROJECT).ent $(PROJECT)-local.mapping.xml + +MOD_XSL_FILES = db2latex-mw-table.xsl \ + db2latex-mw-variablelist.xsl \ + db2latex-mw-itemizedlist.xsl + +DIST_FILES=$(SRC_FILES) GFDL README AUTHORS TODO RELEASE-NEWS THANKS \ + $(PROJECT).css $(PROJECT)*.xsl $(MOD_XSL_FILES) \ + catalog.xml $(PROJECT).ist Makefile + +OUT_FILES = $(PROJECT).html html $(PROJECT).css $(PROJECT).txt \ + $(PROJECT)-plucker.pdb $(PROJECT).pdf + +CLEAN_FILES = $(PROJECT).html $(PROJECT).txt $(PROJECT).pdf \ + $(PROJECT).chm $(PROJECT)-plucker.pdb html/* \ + $(PROJECT)-plucker-input.html \ + $(PROJECT).tex $(PROJECT).ind $(PROJECT).ilg \ + $(PROJECT).glo $(PROJECT).toc $(PROJECT).out \ + $(PROJECT).idx $(PROJECT).aux $(PROJECT).log + +TAR = tar +GZIP = --best + +# name and options to 'xsltproc' +XSLTPROC=xsltproc +XSLTPROC_OPTS=--nonet #--verbose + +CHUNKDIR = html + +TIDY=tidy +TIDY_OPTS=-mq --show-warnings false + +# XSL file to generate non-chunked HTML +XSLFILE=$(PROJECT).xsl + +# XSL file to generate HTML for plucker +XSLPLUCKERFILE=$(PROJECT)-plucker.xsl + +# XSL file to generate chunked HTML +XSLCHUNKFILE=$(PROJECT)-chunk.xsl + +# XSL file with commoin customizations +XSLCOMMONFILE=$(PROJECT)-common.xsl + +PDFLATEX=pdflatex +PDFLATEX_OPTS=-interaction=nonstopmode + +PDFOPT=pdfopt-afpl + +MAKEINDEX=makeindex + +# XSL file for DB2LateX +XSLPDFFILE=$(PROJECT)-pdf.xsl + +##### + +%.txt : %.html + @# w3m wraps words like '\something' at the '\' + @# w3m -dump -cols 72 $< > $@ + lynx -nolist -dump -width=72 $< > $@ + @# discard 'Index', it makes no sense in TXT output + sed -e '/^Index/,$$d' \ + $@ > x.tmp && mv x.tmp $@ + +##### + +# default target +all: $(PROJECT).html chunk-html $(PROJECT).pdf $(PROJECT).txt \ + $(PROJECT)-plucker.pdb + +# make master document +$(PROJECT).xml: $(SRC_FILES) Makefile $(PROJECT)-local.mapping.xml + xmllint --nonet --output $@ --xinclude $(PROJECT)-xinclude.xml + +# HTML related targets +$(PROJECT).html: $(PROJECT).xml $(XSLFILE) $(XSLCOMMONFILE) + $(XSLTPROC) $(XSLTPROC_OPTS) --output $@ $(XSLFILE) $< + -$(TIDY) $(TIDY_OPTS) $@ + +chunk-html: $(CHUNKDIR)/index.html + +$(CHUNKDIR)/index.html : $(PROJECT).xml $(XSLCHUNKFILE) $(XSLCOMMONFILE) + test -d $(CHUNKDIR) || mkdir $(CHUNKDIR) || exit 1 + $(RM) $(CHUNKDIR)/* + $(XSLTPROC) -o $(CHUNKDIR)/ $(XSLCHUNKFILE) $< + -(cd $(CHUNKDIR) && $(TIDY) $(TIDY_OPTS) *.html ) + +# ASCII +$(PROJECT).txt: $(PROJECT).html + +# PDF related targets +$(PROJECT).tex: $(PROJECT).xml $(XSLPDFFILE) $(MOD_XSL_FILES) + $(XSLTPROC) $(XSLTPROC_OPTS) --output $@ $(XSLPDFFILE) $< + +$(PROJECT).pdf: $(PROJECT).tex $(PROJECT).ist + $(RM) $(PROJECT).aux $(PROJECT).toc $(PROJECT).ind + $(PDFLATEX) $(PDFLATEX_OPTS) $< && \ + $(PDFLATEX) $(PDFLATEX_OPTS) $< && \ + ( test -s $(PROJECT).idx && \ + $(MAKEINDEX) -s $(PROJECT).ist $(PROJECT) || true ) && \ + $(PDFLATEX) $(PDFLATEX_OPTS) $< && \ + $(PDFOPT) $(PROJECT).pdf out.pdf && $(RM) $(PROJECT).pdf && \ + mv out.pdf $(PROJECT).pdf && \ + ls -l $(PROJECT).pdf + +# PDB related targets +# generate PDB file for Palm reader 'plucker' +# we generate a separate HTML file for plucker first, because +# we cannot use the xhtml stylesheets and so have to provide a +# separate XSL stylesheet file +$(PROJECT)-plucker-input.html: $(PROJECT).xml $(XSLPLUCKERFILE) $(XSLCOMMONFILE) + $(XSLTPROC) -o $@ $(XSLPLUCKERFILE) $< + +$(PROJECT)-plucker.pdb: $(PROJECT)-plucker-input.html + plucker-build \ + --stayonhost \ + --zlib-compression \ + --doc-file=$(PWD)/$(PROJECT)-plucker \ + --doc-name=$(TITLE) \ + --exclusion-list=$(PROJECT)-plucker-exclude.txt \ + --noimages $(PROJECT)-plucker-input.html + + +# local "enhancements" +ifeq "$(wildcard Makefile.miwie)" "Makefile.miwie" +include Makefile.miwie +endif + +targets: + @echo "Most important targets:" + @echo + @echo "all generate all available output formats" + @echo + @echo "$(PROJECT).html generate $(PROJECT).html" + @echo "chunk-html generate chunked HTML output" + @echo "$(PROJECT).pdf generate $(PROJECT).pdf" + @echo "$(PROJECT).txt generate $(PROJECT).txt" + @echo + @echo "clean remove generated files" + @echo "dist create tarball with source files" + + +outfiles: + -rm -fr $(PROJECT)-out-$(VERSION).tar.gz + -rm -fr $(PROJECT)-out-$(VERSION).tar.bz2 + GZIP=$(GZIP) $(TAR) chozf $(PROJECT)-out-$(VERSION).tar.gz $(OUT_FILES) + $(TAR) chojf $(PROJECT)-out-$(VERSION).tar.bz2 $(OUT_FILES) + ls -l $(PROJECT)-out-$(VERSION).tar.gz + ls -l $(PROJECT)-out-$(VERSION).tar.bz2 + +install: + @echo "Nothing to install..." + +uninstall: + @echo "Nothing to uninstall..." + +clean: + $(RM) $(CLEAN_FILES) + +distclean: clean + +dist: distdir + @-chmod -R a+r $(DISTDIR) + @GZIP=$(GZIP) $(TAR) chozf $(DISTDIR).tar.gz $(DISTDIR) + @$(TAR) chojf $(DISTDIR).tar.bz2 $(DISTDIR) + ls -l $(DISTDIR).tar.gz + ls -l $(DISTDIR).tar.bz2 + ls -l $(PROJECT)-src.zip + @-rm -rf $(DISTDIR) + +distdir: $(DIST_FILES) + @-rm -rf $(DISTDIR) + @mkdir $(DISTDIR) + @-chmod 777 $(DISTDIR) + @for file in $(DIST_FILES); do \ + test -f $(DISTDIR)/$$file \ + || ln ./$$file $(DISTDIR)/$$file 2> /dev/null \ + || cp -p ./$$file $(DISTDIR)/$$file; \ + done diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/README b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/README new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..90313b718a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/README @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ +README file for tex-refs +======================== + +$Id: README 146 2005-05-14 15:34:22Z mw $ + +This file contains very brief instructions on how to build the +various output formats (in case you want to do this yourself for +some reason or just want to see how we handle all the 'magic'). + + +Where to find +------------- + +You'll find the latest version of 'tex-refs' at +http://www.miwie.org/tex-refs/ + + +Requirements +------------ + +- DocBook XML V4.3 + Your Linux distribution should provide an up-to-date package for this. + +- DocBook XSL Stylesheets (V1.68.1 as of this writing) + Your Linux distribution should provide a package for this. + If you only find an older version, try it or get the tarball + from »http://sourceforge.net/projects/docbook/«, install it + at some place and adjust some pathnames in Makefile.cfg.in + +- XSLT processor + At least »xsltproc« from libxslt/libxml2, and »Saxon« should work. + +- make + Should already be installed on your system + +- db2latex (http://db2latex.sourceforge.net) + If you want to generate PDF output you'll need this + + +Usage +----- +- Use the "catalog.xml" file as a hint how to setup your own + XML catalog or edit the XSL files to use absolute pathnames. + +- Run 'make targets' + This lists the most important targets of the Makefile + +- Run 'make' + This will generate all currently supported output files + +- Read over 'Makefile' if you want to know more details + + +Contact +------- + +Contact the authors if you have any suggestions, enhancements, +corrections, etc. Your contribution is very welcome. + +-- +Michael Wiedmann <mw@miwie.in-berlin.de> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/RELEASE-NEWS b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/RELEASE-NEWS new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..53ad3a27536 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/RELEASE-NEWS @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ +$Id: RELEASE-NEWS 146 2005-05-14 15:34:22Z mw $ + +V0.3.9 050514: +- Consistent naming scheme of IDs to ease the use of + this reference for other projects +- Added new section "float" in chapter "LaTeX" + +V0.3.8 041029: +- Minor changes in "\maketitle" + +V0.3.7 040826: +- Corrected typos and markup errors in chapter "BibTeX" +- Switched to DocBook XML V4.3 +- Added new section "Options" in chapter "LaTeX" + +V0.3.6 040621: +- Added a note in chapter "LaTeX" with the copyright + and permission notice of the original file "latex2.texi" +- Corrected typos and added missing hyperlinks + in chapter xindy +- PDF file optimized/linearized and some finetuning + +V0.3.5 040501: +- Added content to chapters Metapost and pdfTeX +- Enhanced index for chapter MakeIndex + +V0.3.4 040424: +- Added missing entries to chapter MakeIndex +- Version control system changed from CVS to SVN + +V0.3.3 040126: +- Corrected again section "Output Style Specifiers" and + "Input Style Specifiers" of chapter "MakeIndex" +- Corrected some symbols in the index + +V0.3.2 040116: +- corrected sections "Output Style Specifiers" and + "Input Style Specifiers" of chapter "MakeIndex" +- enhanced index in PDF + +V0.3.1 040105: +- more work on PDF +- modularized XSL stylesheet files + +V0.3.0 031225: +- document root changed to book +- more work on PDF + +V0.2.6 031027: +- rearranged appendix +- work on PDF version + +V0.2.5 031017: +- added GNU FDL in appendix +- using new XSL stylesheets V1.62.4 +- switched to xsltproc as XSLT-processor +- reedited some deeply nested sections + +V0.2.4 030906: +- added subsection dcolumn +- subsection fontenc translated into english +- corrected typo in \sbox + +V0.2.3 030412: +- provide PDF output file +- reedited (beautified) sections LaTeX / Commands / + Counters | Cross References | Definitions | Layout | + Environments | Footnotes + +V0.2.2 030126: +- add bzip2 compressed version of source and outfiles tarball +- new XSL stylesheets V1.60.1 +- eliminated morespurious &Circ; characters + +V0.2.1 030118: +- new XSL stylesheets V1.59.2 +- eliminated spurious &Circ; characters + +V0.2.0 030111: +- license changed to GNU FDL +- reworked subsection 'inputenc' +- added subscetion 'Commands and Parameters' to section 'PSTricks' + +V0.1.3 021017: +- start rework on 'KOMA-Script' section +- added subsection 'List of Additional PSTricks packages' +- using new XSL stylesheets V1.56.1 + +V0.1.2 021001: +- reworked 'hyperref' section + +V0.1.1 020919: +- added template sections for 'PiCTeX' and 'Texinfo' +- using new XSL stylesheets V1.55.0 +- added missing CSS file to outfiles tarball +- corrected wrong FPI + +V0.1.0 020820: +- eliminated trailing '.' in numbered sections +- minor markup errors corrected +- reworked CSS file + +V0.0.5 020810: +- Switched to DocBook XML 4.2 +- Sections 'Bibindex' and 'xindy' finished + +V0.0.4 020725: +- Section 'Makeindex' finished + +V0.0.3 020713: +- New XSL stylesheets solve bug in creating index (no other changes) + +V0.0.2 020705: +- New (template) sections 'fontinst', 'Bibtex', 'Makeindex', and 'xindy' +- New section 'Special Symbols' +- Added information for 'german' package +- Registered as a new project (tex-refs) on freshmeat.net + +V0.0.1 020621: +- first official announcement diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/THANKS b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/THANKS new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..639a870c295 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/THANKS @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +THANKS file for tex-refs +======================== + +$Id: THANKS 142 2004-10-24 15:13:24Z mw $ + +The following people have contributed substantial parts to +this documentation project or helped in some other way: + +Karl Berry +Wolfgang Borgert +Ramon Casellas +James Devenish +Peter Karp +Werner Lemberg +Rolf Niepraschk +Simon Pepping +Bob Stayton +Herbert Voss + +-- +Michael Wiedmann <mw@miwie.in-berlin.de> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/TODO b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/TODO new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e4b15490e1f --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/TODO @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +TODO file for tex-refs +====================== + +$Id: TODO 142 2004-10-24 15:13:24Z mw $ + +- Add more content + There are still a lot of sections without content. + Any input will be appreciated. + +- Provide conversion to vim-help + Information about the - very simple format - is available. + Contact Michael Wiedmann <mw@miwie.in-berlin.de> for more + information on this topic. + It will be necessary to generate multiple output files, + maybe on the first section level. At least »Saxon« and + »xsltproc« can do this. Look at 'html/chunk.xsl' of the + DocBook XSL Stylesheets to find a starting point. + +- Provide conversion to Texinfo + There is a Perl script package (docbook2X-0.8.2) at sourceforge + which should do the job. Unfortunately the available package for + Debian/GNU Linux is rather old (0.5.1) and fails with our document. + My first tests using the actual version from source were _not_ + successful. I contacted the author Steve Cheng and he promised + to have a look at my reported problems. Unfortunately I didn't + hear anything from him again since then. + +- Proofread content + +- Enhance CSS file +-- +Michael Wiedmann <mw@miwie.in-berlin.de> + + + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/catalog.xml b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/catalog.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c3daf329206 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/catalog.xml @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +<!-- + Use this as an example how to setup an XML catalog for DocBook XML, + DocBook XSL, and DB2LaTeX XSL. Don't forget to tell your XSLT + processor to use XML catalogs. + + $Id: catalog.xml 120 2004-03-26 20:19:43Z mw $ +--> + +<catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog"> + + <public publicId="-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" + uri="file:///var/share/xml/docbook/schema/dtd/4.2/docbookx.dtd"/> + + <system systemId="db2latex.xsl" + uri="file:///usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/xsl/db2latex/latex/docbook.xsl"/> + + <system systemId="docbook-xhtml.xsl" + uri="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook/stylesheet/nwalsh/xhtml/docbook.xsl"/> + + <system systemId="docbook-html.xsl" + uri="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook/stylesheet/nwalsh/html/docbook.xsl"/> + + <system systemId="docbook-html-chunk.xsl" + uri="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook/stylesheet/nwalsh/html/chunk.xsl"/> + +</catalog> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/db2latex-mw-itemizedlist.xsl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/db2latex-mw-itemizedlist.xsl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8e12fd8946a --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/db2latex-mw-itemizedlist.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> +<!--#################################################################### + | $Id: db2latex-mw-itemizedlist.xsl 125 2004-04-06 19:55:32Z mw $ + | $Author: mw $ + + ################################################################# --> + +<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" + xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" + exclude-result-prefixes="doc" version="1.0"> + + <!-- DOCUMENTATION --> + <doc:reference id="itemizedlists" xmlns=""> + <referenceinfo> + <releaseinfo role="meta"> + $Id: db2latex-mw-itemizedlist.xsl 125 2004-04-06 19:55:32Z mw $ + </releaseinfo> + <authorgroup> + <author><firstname>Michael</firstname> <surname>Wiedmann</surname></author> + </authorgroup> + <copyright> + <year>2004</year> + <holder>Michael Wiedmann</holder> + </copyright> + </referenceinfo> + + <title>Lists <filename>db2latex-mw-itemizedlist.xsl</filename></title> + <partintro> + <section> + <title>Introduction</title> + <para>Especially for itemizedlist which contain only short lines + of text LaTeX's default vertical space between items is IMHO + too excessive. <filename>mdwlist.sty</filename> provides + "compacted itemize environments" with less vertical space + between items. + </para> + <para> + If the "spacing" attribute of the "itemizedlist" element + contains "compact" we use these modified itemize + environments instead of the standard LaTeX ones. + </para> + <para>Ensure that "\usepackage{mdwlist}" is output + somewhere in your stylesheets. + </para> + </section> + </partintro> + </doc:reference> + + <xsl:output method="text" encoding="ISO-8859-1" indent="yes"/> + + <xsl:template match="itemizedlist"> + <xsl:if test="title"><xsl:apply-templates select="title"/></xsl:if> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="@spacing='compact'"> + <xsl:text> \begin{itemize*}</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text> \begin{itemize}</xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:apply-templates select="listitem"/> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="@spacing='compact'"> + <xsl:text> \end{itemize*}</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text> \end{itemize}</xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:template> + +</xsl:stylesheet> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/db2latex-mw-table.xsl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/db2latex-mw-table.xsl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a76f7886e6c --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/db2latex-mw-table.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,288 @@ +<?xml version='1.0'?> +<!--#################################################################### + | $Id: db2latex-mw-table.xsl 120 2004-03-26 20:19:43Z mw $ + | $Author: mw $ + + ################################################################# --> + + +<xsl:stylesheet + xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" + xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" + exclude-result-prefixes="doc" version='1.0'> + + <xsl:template name="table.format.tabularx"> + <xsl:param name="cols" select="1"/> + <xsl:param name="i" select="1"/> + <xsl:param name="colsep" select="1"/> + <!-- sum of numeric portions in 1*-like colwidths --> + <xsl:param name="starfactor" select="0"/> + <xsl:choose> + <!-- Out of the recursive iteration --> + <xsl:when test="$i > $cols"></xsl:when> + <!-- There are still columns to count --> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:variable name="userwidth"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="./colspec[@colnum=$i]"> + <xsl:value-of select="./colspec[@colnum=$i]/@colwidth"/> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:value-of select="./colspec[position()=$i]/@colwidth"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:variable> + <xsl:variable name="useralign"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="./colspec[@colnum=$i]"> + <xsl:value-of select="./colspec[@colnum=$i]/@align"/> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:value-of select="./colspec[position()=$i]/@align"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:variable> + <xsl:variable name="width"> + <xsl:variable name="cells" select="thead/row/entry[$i]|tbody/row/entry[$i]"/> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="string-length($userwidth)=0 and count($cells//itemizedlist|$cells//orderedlist|$cells//variablelist)>0"> + <!-- In these specific circumstances, we MUST use a line-wrapped column + and yet the user hasn't specified one. --> + <xsl:value-of select="'1*'"/> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <!-- In the general case, we just do what the user wants (may even + have no pre-specified width). --> + <xsl:value-of select="$userwidth"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> +</xsl:variable> +<!-- Try to take heed of colspecs --> +<xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$width!=''"> + <xsl:text>>{</xsl:text> + <xsl:if test="contains($width,'*')"> + <!-- see tabularx documentation --> + <xsl:text>\hsize=</xsl:text> + <xsl:value-of select="substring-before($width,'*') * $starfactor" /> + <xsl:text>\hsize</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$useralign='left'"><xsl:text>\RaggedRight</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$useralign='right'"><xsl:text>\RaggedLeft</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$useralign='center'"><xsl:text>\Centering</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$useralign='char' and $latex.use.dcolumn='1'"> + <xsl:variable name="char" select="(./colspec[@colnum=$i]/@char|./colspec[position()=$i]/@char)[1]"/> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$char=''"><xsl:text>d</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise>D{<xsl:value-of select="$char"/>}{<xsl:value-of select="$char"/>}{-1}</xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$useralign!=''"><xsl:message>Table column '<xsl:value-of select="$useralign"/>' alignment is not supported.</xsl:message></xsl:when> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:text>}</xsl:text> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="contains($width,'*')"> + <xsl:text>X</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text>p{</xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="$width" /><xsl:text>}</xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:if test="$i<$cols and $colsep='1'"> + <xsl:text>|</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$useralign='left'"><xsl:text>l</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$useralign='right'"><xsl:text>r</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$useralign='center'"><xsl:text>c</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$useralign='justify'"><xsl:text>X</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$useralign='char' and $latex.use.dcolumn='1'"> + <xsl:variable name="char" select="(./colspec[@colnum=$i]/@char|./colspec[position()=$i]/@char)[1]"/> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$char=''"><xsl:text>d</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise>D{<xsl:value-of select="$char"/>}{<xsl:value-of select="$char"/>}{-1}</xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text>c</xsl:text> + <xsl:if test="$useralign!=''"> + <xsl:message>Table column '<xsl:value-of select="$useralign"/>' alignment is not supported.</xsl:message> + </xsl:if> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:if test="$i<$cols and $colsep='1'"> + <xsl:text>|</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + </xsl:otherwise> +</xsl:choose> +<!-- Recursive for next column --> +<xsl:call-template name="table.format.tabularx"> + <xsl:with-param name="i" select="$i+1"/> + <!-- Added by MW, 2003-10-19 --> + <xsl:with-param name="colsep" select="$colsep"/> + <xsl:with-param name="cols" select="$cols"/> + <xsl:with-param name="starfactor" select="$starfactor"/> +</xsl:call-template> +</xsl:otherwise> +</xsl:choose> +</xsl:template> + + + +<xsl:template match="tgroup"> + <xsl:variable name="align" select="@align"/> + +<!-- Changed by MW, 2003-10-19 --> +<xsl:variable name="colsep"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="string-length(@colsep)<1">0</xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:value-of select="@colsep"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> +</xsl:variable> + +<xsl:variable name="frame"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="string-length(../@frame)<1">all</xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:value-of select="../@frame"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> +</xsl:variable> +<xsl:variable name="colspecs" select="./colspec"/> +<xsl:variable name="usex"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$latex.use.ltxtable='1'"> + <xsl:text>0</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <!-- if there are lists within cells, we need tabularx --> + <xsl:when test="$latex.use.tabularx=1 and (descendant::itemizedlist|descendant::orderedlist|descendant::variablelist)"> + <xsl:text>1</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> +<!-- if there are instances of 1*-style colwidths, we need tabularx --> +<xsl:when test="$latex.use.tabularx=1 and contains(colspec/@colwidth,'*')"> + <xsl:text>1</xsl:text> +</xsl:when> +<!-- if there are colspecs with 'justify' alignment and no explicit width, we need tabularx --> +<xsl:when test="$latex.use.tabularx=1 and count(colspec[@align='justify'])>0"> + <xsl:text>1</xsl:text> +</xsl:when> +<xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text>0</xsl:text> +</xsl:otherwise> +</xsl:choose> +</xsl:variable> +<xsl:variable name="useminipage"> +<!-- Hack to get around LaTeX issue with tabular (not necessary with tabularx). + This is NOT a good solution, and has problems of its own, but at least the footnotes + do not actually disappear (which is what would otherwise happen). --> +<xsl:if test="count(.//footnote)!=0">1</xsl:if> +</xsl:variable> +<xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$usex='1'"> + <xsl:text>\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$latex.use.ltxtable='1'"> + <xsl:text>\begin{longtable}{</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:if test="$useminipage='1'"><xsl:text>\begin{minipage}{\linewidth} </xsl:text></xsl:if> + <xsl:text>\begin{tabular}{</xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> +</xsl:choose> +<xsl:if test="$frame='all' or $frame='sides'"> + <xsl:text>|</xsl:text> +</xsl:if> +<xsl:variable name="cols"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="@cols"> + <xsl:value-of select="@cols"/> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:value-of select="count(tbody/row[1]/entry)"/> + <xsl:message>Warning: table lacks cols attribute. Assuming <xsl:value-of select="count(tbody/row[1]/entry)"/>.</xsl:message> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> +</xsl:variable> +<xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$usex=1"> + <xsl:call-template name="table.format.tabularx"> + <xsl:with-param name="cols" select="$cols"/> + <!-- Changed by MW, 2003-10-19 --> + <xsl:with-param name="colsep" select="$colsep"/> + <xsl:with-param name="starfactor"> + <xsl:call-template name="generate.starfactor"> + <xsl:with-param name="cols" select="$cols"/> + </xsl:call-template> + </xsl:with-param> + </xsl:call-template> +</xsl:when> +<xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:call-template name="table.format.tabular"> + <xsl:with-param name="cols" select="$cols"/> + </xsl:call-template> +</xsl:otherwise> +</xsl:choose> +<xsl:if test="$frame='all' or $frame='sides'"> + <xsl:text>|</xsl:text> +</xsl:if> +<xsl:text>} </xsl:text> +<xsl:if test="$frame!='sides' and $frame!='none' and $frame!='bottom'"> + <xsl:text>\hline </xsl:text> +</xsl:if> +<!-- APPLY TEMPLATES --> +<xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$latex.use.ltxtable='1'"> + <xsl:apply-templates select="thead"/> + <xsl:apply-templates select="tfoot"/> + <xsl:apply-templates select="tbody"/> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:apply-templates select="thead"/> + <xsl:apply-templates select="tbody"/> + <xsl:apply-templates select="tfoot"/> + </xsl:otherwise> +</xsl:choose> +<!-- --> +<xsl:if test="$frame!='sides' and $frame!='none' and $frame!='top'"> + <xsl:text>\hline </xsl:text> +</xsl:if> +<xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$usex=1"> + <xsl:text>\end{tabularx} </xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$latex.use.ltxtable='1'"> + <xsl:text>\end{longtable} </xsl:text> + <!-- catcode touchup ARGH --> + <xsl:call-template name="generate.latex.cell.separator"> + <xsl:with-param name="which" select="'post'"/> + </xsl:call-template> +</xsl:when> +<xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text>\end{tabular} </xsl:text> + <xsl:if test="$useminipage='1'"><xsl:text>\end{minipage} </xsl:text></xsl:if> +</xsl:otherwise> +</xsl:choose> +</xsl:template> + +<!-- this lets us specify vertical space between rows --> +<xsl:template match="tbody/row"> + <xsl:apply-templates/> + <xsl:text> \tabularnewline</xsl:text> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'db2latex:rowvspace')"> + <!-- FIXME: let user specify amount of vert. spcace --> + <xsl:text>[1ex]</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + <xsl:call-template name="generate.table.row.separator"/> +</xsl:template> + +<xsl:template name="table.row.separator"> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> +</xsl:template> + + +</xsl:stylesheet> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/db2latex-mw-variablelist.xsl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/db2latex-mw-variablelist.xsl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f81e32eef78 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/db2latex-mw-variablelist.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> +<!--#################################################################### + | $Id: db2latex-mw-variablelist.xsl 146 2005-05-14 15:34:22Z mw $ + | $Author: mw $ + + ################################################################# --> + +<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" + xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" + exclude-result-prefixes="doc" version="1.0"> + + <!-- DOCUMENTATION --> + <doc:reference id="variablelists" xmlns=""> + <referenceinfo> + <releaseinfo role="meta"> + $Id: db2latex-mw-variablelist.xsl 146 2005-05-14 15:34:22Z mw $ + </releaseinfo> + <authorgroup> + <author><firstname>Michael</firstname> <surname>Wiedmann</surname></author> + </authorgroup> + <copyright> + <year>2004</year> + <holder>Michael Wiedmann</holder> + </copyright> + </referenceinfo> + + <title>Lists <filename>db2latex-mw-variablelist.xsl</filename></title> + <partintro> + <section> + <title>Introduction</title> + <para>This customization of "variablelist" depends on the usage + of one of KOMA document classes (scrbook, scrartcl, etc.). + You have to ensure that your stylesheets outputs a + corresponding line, like "\documentclass{scrXXXX}". + </para> + <itemizedlist> + <listitem> + <simpara>If the attribute 'role' contains + 'db2latex:multiterm' we use a 'parbox' for every + 'item'. Otherwise the item's could be too long to + fit on one line. + Use this if your list contains many 'term's. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>If the attribute 'role' contains + 'db2latex:nonoindent' we don't output '\noindent' + before the environment. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>If the 'role' attribute contains + 'db2latex:labeling' as value we use KOMA's + 'labeling' environment. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>If the attribute 'termlength' is + non-empty we use this numeric value as a hint + for 'labeling' for the width of the 'item's + (defaults to 5). + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </section> + </partintro> + </doc:reference> + + <xsl:output method="text" encoding="ISO-8859-1" indent="yes"/> + + <xsl:template match="variablelist"> + + <xsl:text>% MW: variablelist </xsl:text> + + <xsl:variable name="helpstring">123456789012345</xsl:variable> + <xsl:if test="title"> + <xsl:apply-templates select="title"/> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="contains(@role,'db2latex:nonoindent')"> + <!-- noop --> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text>\noindent </xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="contains(@role,'db2latex:labeling')"> + <xsl:text>\begin{labeling}{</xsl:text> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="@termlength!=''"> + <xsl:value-of select="substring($helpstring,1,number(@termlength))"/> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text>12345</xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:text>} </xsl:text> + <xsl:apply-templates select="varlistentry"/> + <xsl:text>\end{labeling} </xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="contains(@role,'db2latex:compact')"> + <xsl:text>\begin{description*}</xsl:text> + <xsl:apply-templates select="varlistentry"/> + <xsl:text>\end{description*} </xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="contains(@role,'db2latex:multiterm')"> + <xsl:text>\begin{description}</xsl:text> + <xsl:apply-templates select="varlistentry"> + <xsl:with-param name="multiterm" select="1"/> + </xsl:apply-templates> + <xsl:text>\end{description} </xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text>\begin{description} </xsl:text> + <xsl:apply-templates select="varlistentry"/> + <xsl:text>\end{description} </xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:template> + + <xsl:template match="varlistentry"> + <xsl:text> % MW: varlistentry </xsl:text> + <!-- <xsl:variable name="id"> --> + <xsl:call-template name="label.id" /> + <!-- </xsl:variable> --> + <xsl:param name="multiterm" select="0" /> + <xsl:text> % MW: varlistentry after label.id </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% \null is a trick </xsl:text> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$multiterm > 0"> + <xsl:text>\item[{\parbox[b]{0.5\linewidth}{</xsl:text> + <xsl:for-each select="term"> + <xsl:apply-templates/> + <xsl:if test="position()!=last()"> + <xsl:text>, </xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + </xsl:for-each> + <xsl:text>}}]\null{}</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text>\item[{</xsl:text> + <xsl:for-each select="term"> + <xsl:apply-templates/> + <xsl:if test="position()!=last()"> + <xsl:text>, </xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + </xsl:for-each> + <xsl:text>}]\null{}</xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:apply-templates select="listitem"/> + </xsl:template> + +</xsl:stylesheet> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-appendices.xml b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-appendices.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c4312567875 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-appendices.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1011 @@ +<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?> + +<!DOCTYPE appendix PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" +[ + <!ENTITY % tex-refs-ent SYSTEM "tex-refs.ent" > +%tex-refs-ent; +]> + +<!-- $Id: tex-refs-chapter-appendices.xml 146 2005-05-14 15:34:22Z mw $ --> + +<appendix id="appendices" lang="en"> + <title id="appendices-title">Appendices</title> + + <section id="issues"> + <title id="known-issues-title">Bugs / Known Issues / Missing Features</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Known Issues</primary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term>PDF</term> + <listitem> + <para> + The PDF file is an experimental version generated using + <ulink url="http://dblatex.sf.net">DB2&latex;</ulink>. + There is much room for improvements and we will work on + this. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>Texinfo</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Currently we don't know any working solution to convert + DocBook XML to Texinfo (at least not for a complex + document). Anyone who wants to work on this issue is + highly welcome. A starting point could be the + <emphasis>docbook2X</emphasis> project at + <ulink url="http://docbook2x.sourceforge.net">http://docbook2x.sourceforge.net</ulink>. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>vim-help</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Quite a few poeple are asking for a version in vim-help format. + <ulink url="mailto:srinath@eecs.berkeley.edu">Srinath Avadhanula</ulink> + has already done some work on this. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="about"> + <title id="about-title">About this Document</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>About this Document</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>The source format of this document is + <ulink + url="http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/docbook/">&docbookxml;</ulink>. + </para> + <para>The various output formats were generated using: + <itemizedlist> + <listitem> + <simpara> + <ulink url="http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/">&xsltp;</ulink> + as XSLT processor + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara> + <ulink + url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/docbook">&docbookxsl;</ulink> + for HTML + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara> + <ulink url="http://db2latex.sf.net/">&db2latex;</ulink> + for &latex;/PDF + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara> + <literal>&komabook;</literal> of + <ulink url="ftp://dante.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/koma-script/">&komascript;</ulink> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><ulink url="ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/fonts/ps-type1/lm/tex/latex/lm/">&lmodern;</ulink></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>&pdflatex; (3.14159-1.10b) for generating PDF output</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + <para>You'll always find the newest version of this document at + <ulink url="http://www.miwie.org/tex-refs/"> + http://www.miwie.org/tex-refs/</ulink>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="release-news"> + <title>Release News</title> + + <variablelist role="db2latex:nonoindent;db2latex:labeling" + termlength="15"> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V&rev; &abbrdate;</term> + <listitem>tbd.</listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.3.9 05-05-14</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem>Consistent naming scheme of IDs to ease the use + of this reference for other projects + </listitem> + <listitem>Added new section <link linkend="float">float</link> + in chapter <link linkend="latex">&latex;</link> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.3.8 04-10-28</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem>Minor changes in + <link linkend="page-styles">\maketitle</link></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.3.7 04-08-26</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Corrected typos and markup errors in chapter + <link linkend="bibtex">&bibtex;</link></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Switched to DocBook XML V4.3</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added new section + <link linkend="opt-latex">Options</link> in + chapter <link linkend="latex">&latex;</link></simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.3.6 04-06-21</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added a note in chapter + <link linkend="latex">&latex;</link> with the + copyright and permission notice of the original file + <filename>latex2.texi</filename> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Corrected typos and added missing hyperlinks + in chapter <link linkend="xindy">&xindy;</link></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>PDF file optimized/linearized and some + finetuning</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.3.5 04-05-01</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added content to chapters + <link linkend="metapost">&metapost;</link> and + <link linkend="pdftex">&pdftex;</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Enhanced index for chapter + <link linkend="metapost">&makeindex;</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.3.4 04-04-24</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara> + Version control system changed from CVS to SVN + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara> + Added missing entries to chapter + <link linkend="makeindex">&makeindex;</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.3.3 04-01-26</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Corrected again section + <link linkend="makeindex-output-style-specs">Output Style + Specifiers</link> and + <link linkend="makeindex-style">Input Style Specifiers</link> + of chapter + <link linkend="makeindex">&makeindex;</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Corrected some symbols in the index + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.3.2 04-01-16</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Corrected sections + <link linkend="makeindex-output-style-specs">Output Style + Specifiers</link> and + <link linkend="makeindex-style">Input Style Specifiers</link> + of chapter + <link linkend="makeindex">&makeindex;</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Enhanced index in PDF + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.3.1 04-01-06</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>More work on PDF</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Modularized XSL stylesheet files</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Corrected some typos</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.3.0 03-12-25</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Changed document root to + <emphasis>book</emphasis></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>More work on PDF version</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Using new XSL stylesheets V1.64.1</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Minor fixes</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.2.6 03-10-27</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Rearranged appendix</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Work on PDF version</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.2.5 03-10-17</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added contents of + <link linkend="gfdl">GNU FDL</link> in appendix + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Using new XSL stylesheets V1.62.4</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Switched to + <ulink url="http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/"><literal>xsltproc</literal></ulink> + as XSLT-processor + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Reedited some deeply nested sections</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Changed colors in CSS</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.2.4 03-09-06</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added subsection + <link linkend="dcolumn"><literal>dcolumn</literal></link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Subsection + <link linkend="fontenc"><literal>fontenc</literal></link> + translated into english + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Corrected typo in + <link linkend="cmd-sbox"><filename role="nohyphenation">\sbox</filename></link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.2.3 03-04-12</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Provide PDF output using <ulink url="http://www.pragma-ade.com/">&context;</ulink> and <ulink url="http://www.hobby.nl/~scaprea/context/index.html">&dic;</ulink> (still experimental) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Reedited (beautified) sections LaTeX / Commands / <link linkend="counters">Counters</link> | <link linkend="cross-references">Cross References</link> | <link linkend="definitions">Definitions</link> | <link linkend="layout">Layout</link> | <link linkend="env-latex">Environments</link> | <link linkend="footnotes">Footnotes</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.2.2 03-01-26</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added bzip2 compressed version of source and + outfiles tarball + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Using new XSL stylesheets V1.60.1 + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Eliminated more spurious &Acirc; + characters in HTML output + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.2.1 03-01-18</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Using new XSL stylesheets V1.59.2</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Eliminated spurious &Acirc; characters</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.2.0 03-01-11</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Using new XSL stylesheets V1.58.1</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Minor changes to CSS file + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>License changed to + <ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added subsection + <link linkend="pstricks-commands">Commands and Parameters</link> + to section + <link linkend="pstricks">&pstricks;</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Reworked <link + linkend="inputenc">inputenc</link> section + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.1.3 02-10-17</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara> + Started rework of + <link linkend="komascript">&komascript;</link> + section + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added subsection + <link linkend="pstricks-add-packages"> + Additional &pstricks; Packages</link></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Using new XSL stylesheets V1.56.1</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.1.2 02-10-01</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Reworked + <link linkend="hyperref">hyperref</link> + section + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.1.1 02-09-19</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added template sections for + <link linkend="pictex">&pictex;</link> + and <link linkend="texinfo">&texinfo;</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added subsection + <link linkend="release-news">Release News</link> + in appendix + <link linkend="about">About this Document</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Using new XSL stylesheets V1.55.0</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added missing CSS file to outfiles tarball</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Corrected wrong FPI</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.1.0 02-08-20</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Eliminated trailing '.' in numbered sections</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Minor markup errors corrected</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Reworked CSS file</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.0.5 02-08-10</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Switched to DocBook XML 4.2</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Sections 'Bibindex' and 'xindy' completed</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.0.4 02-07-25</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Section 'Makeindex' completed</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.0.3 02-07-13</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>New XSL stylesheets solve bug in creating + index (no other changes) + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.0.2 02-07-05</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>New (template) sections 'fontinst', 'Bibtex', + 'Makeindex', and 'xindy' + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>New section 'Special Symbols'</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Added information for 'german' package</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Registered as a new project (tex-refs) + on freshmeat.net + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>V0.0.1 02-06-21</term> + <listitem> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>First official announcement</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + + </section> + + <section id="gfdl"> + <title>GNU Free Documentation License</title> + <bridgehead>Version 1.2, November 2002</bridgehead> + +<programlisting role="normal"> + Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies + of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. + + +0. PREAMBLE + +The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other +functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to +assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, +with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. +Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way +to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible +for modifications made by others. + +This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative +works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It +complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft +license designed for free software. + +We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free +software, because free software needs free documentation: a free +program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the +software does. 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TRANSLATION + +Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may +distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. +Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special +permission from their copyright holders, but you may include +translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the +original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a +translation of this License, and all the license notices in the +Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include +the original English version of this License and the original versions +of those notices and disclaimers. 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Such new +versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may +differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See +http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/. + +Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. +If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this +License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of +following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or +of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the +Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version +number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not +as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. + + +ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents + +To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of +the License in the document and put the following copyright and +license notices just after the title page: + + Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME. + Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document + under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 + or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; + with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. + A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU + Free Documentation License". + +If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, +replace the "with...Texts." line with this: + + with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the + Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. + +If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other +combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the +situation. + +If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we +recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of +free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, +to permit their use in free software. +</programlisting> + + </section> + + <index id="tex-refs-idx"> + </index> + +</appendix> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-bibtex.xml b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-bibtex.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cb397dd336e --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-bibtex.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1345 @@ +<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?> + +<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" +[ + <!ENTITY % tex-refs-ent SYSTEM "tex-refs.ent" > +%tex-refs-ent; +]> + +<!-- $Id: tex-refs-chapter-bibtex.xml 139 2004-08-26 16:58:10Z mw $ --> + +<chapter id="bibtex" lang="en"> + <title id="bibtex-title">&bibtex;</title> + <indexterm><primary>BibTeX</primary></indexterm> + + <note><para>The contents of this section was taken from the HTML + helppages for &bibtex; of Norman Walsh (Version 1.0, 12 Apr 94). + </para></note> + + <para>Invokes the &bibtex; utility to compile a bibliography file + for &latex;. Full details can be found in + "&latex;: A Document Preparation System" by Leslie Lamport. + </para> + + <section id="bibtex-parameters"> + <title>Parameters</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Parameters</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para><literal>bibliography-file-spec</literal></para> + <para>Specifies the name of the bibliography database file + to be compiled by &bibtex;. If the file specification does + not include a file type, &bibtex; assumes a default type of BIB. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-command-qualifiers"> + <title>Command Qualifiers</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Command Qualifiers</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para><literal>/BIBINPUTS /BIBINPUTS=(name,...)</literal></para> + <para>Specify directories containing input files, and the order + in which they will be searched to locate each input file. + A null value in the list indicates the current directory. + The search procedure &tex; uses to locate input files is to + first search your default directory and then search each of + the directories specified by the <literal>/BIBINPUTS</literal> + option. + </para> + <para>Default is <literal>/BIBINPUTS=(TEX_BIB:)</literal>; + &tex; looks in the directory associated with the logical name + <literal>TEX_BIB.</literal> + </para> + <para><literal>/STATS /STATS /NOSTATS [D]</literal></para> + <para>This qualifier is used while debugging + <literal>.BST</literal> files to determine BIBTEX memory usage. + </para> + <para><literal>/TEXINPUTS /TEXINPUTS=(name,...)</literal></para> + <para>Specify directories containing input files, and the order + in which they will be searched to locate each input file. + A null value in the list indicates the current directory. + The search procedure &tex; uses to locate input files is to + first search your default directory and then search each of + the directories specified by the + <literal>/TEXINPUTS</literal> option. + </para> + <para>Default is <literal>/TEXINPUTS=(TEX_INPUTS)</literal>; + &tex; looks in the directory associated with the logical name + <literal>TEX_INPUTS</literal>. + </para> + <para><literal>/TRACE /TRACE /NOTRACE [D]</literal></para> + <para>This qualifier is used while debugging + <literal>.BST</literal> files to follow program flow. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-bib-files"> + <title>bib files</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bib files</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <para>This help entry contains the same information as + Appendix B of the &latex; manual. It describes the format + of a bibliography database (<literal>.BIB</literal>) file. + </para> + <para>A bibliography database file may contains two types + of entry - an abbreviation definition or a reference entry + for citation. + </para> + + <section id="bibtex-string-command"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">@STRING</filename> command</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bib files</secondary> + <tertiary>@STRING command</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>@STRING</literal> command is used to define + abbreviations for use by &bibtex; within the bibliography + database file. The command + <programlisting> @string{jgg1 = "Journal of Gnats and Gnus, Series~1"}</programlisting> + defines 'jgg1' to be the abbreviation for the string + "Journal of Gnats and Gnus, Series~1". Parentheses can be used + in place of the outermost braces in the @string command, + and braces can be used instead of the quotation marks. + The text must have matching braces. + </para> + <para>The case of letters is ignored in an abbreviation as well + as in the command name @string, so the command above could + have been written: + <programlisting> @STRING{JgG1 = "Journal of Gnats and Gnus, Series~1"} </programlisting> + </para> + <para>A <literal>@string</literal> command can appear anywhere + before or between entries in a bibliography database file. + However, it must come before any use of the abbreviation, + so a sensible place for <literal>@string</literal> commands + is at the beginning of the file. A <literal>@string</literal> + command in the bibliography database file takes precedence + over a definition made by the bibliography style, so it can + be used to change the definition of an abbreviation such as + 'Feb'. + </para> + + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-format"> + <title>Entry Format</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bib files</secondary> + <tertiary>Entry Format</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para>A bibliography database file contains a series of + reference entries like the following: + <programlisting> @BOOK{kn:gnus, + AUTHOR = "Donald E. Knudson", + TITLE = "1966 World Gnus Almanac", + PUBLISHER = {Permafrost Press}, + ADDRESS = {Novisibirsk} }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>The <literal>@BOOK</literal> states that this is an + entry of type book. various entry types are described below. + The 'kn:gnus' is the citation key, as it appears in the + argument of a <literal>\cite</literal> command referring + to the entry. + </para> + <para>This entry has four fields, named + <literal>AUTHOR</literal>, <literal>TITLE</literal>, + <literal>PUBLISHER</literal> and <literal>ADDRESS</literal>. + The meanings of these and other fields are described below. + A field consists of the name, an '=' character with optional + space around it, followed by its text. The text of a field + is a string of characters, with no unmatched braces, + surrounded by either a pair of braces or a pair of '"' + characters. Entry fields are separated from one another, + and from the citation key, by commas. A comma may have + optional space around it. + </para> + <para>The outermost braces that surround the entire entry + may be replaced by parentheses. As in &tex; input files, + an end-of-line character counts as a space and one space + is equivalent to many spaces. Unlike &tex;, &bibtex; ignores + the case of letters in the entry type, citation key and + field names. The above entry could have been typed as follows: + <programlisting>@BOOK(kn:gnus, author = {Donald E. Knudson}, + TITLE = "1966 World Gnus Almanac", + PUBLISHER = {Permafrost Press}, + ADDRESS = {Novisibirsk} )</programlisting> + </para> + <para>However, the case of letters does matter to &latex;, + so the citation key ("kn:gnus" in the example above) + should appear exactly the same in all <literal>\cite</literal> + commands in the &latex; input file. + </para> + <para>The quotes or braces can be omitted around text consisting + entirely of numerals. The following two fields are equivalent: + <programlisting>Volume = "27" Volume = 27</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types"> + <title>Entry Types</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bib files</secondary> + <tertiary>Entry Types</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>When entering a reference in the bibliography database, + the first thing to decide is what type of entry it is. No + fixed classification scheme can be complete, but &bibtex; + provides enough entry types to handle almost any reference + reasonably well. + </para> + <para>References to different types of publications contain + different information; a reference to a journal might + include the volume and number of the journal, which is + usually not meaningful for a book. Therefore, database + entries of different types have different fields for each + entry type, the fields are divided into three classes: + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term>Required</term> + <listitem> + <para>omitting the field will produce an error + message and may result in a badly formatted + bibliography entry. If the required information + is not meaningful, you are using the wrong entry type. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>Optional</term> + <listitem> + <para>the field's information will be used if present, + but can be omitted without causing any formatting + problems. A reference should contain any available + information that might help the reader, so you should + include the optional field if it is applicable. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>Ignored</term> + <listitem> + <para>the field is ignored. &bibtex; ignores any field + that is not required or optional, so you can include + any fields you want in a bibliography entry. It's + often a good idea to put all relevant information + about a reference in its bibliography entry - even + information that may never appear in the bibliography. + For example, if you want to keep an abstract of a + paper in a computer file, put it in an 'abstract' + field in the paper's bibliography entry. The + bibliography database file is likely to be as good + a place as any for the abstract, and it is possible + to design a bibliography style for printing + selected abstracts. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + <para>&bibtex; ignores the case of letters in the entry + type.</para> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-article"> + <title>article entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>article entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>An article from a journal or magazine.</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@ARTICLE{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-journal">journal</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-volume">volume</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-number">number</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-pages">pages</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-book"> + <title>book entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>book entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>A book with an explicit publisher.</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@BOOK{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link> or + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-editor">editor</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-publisher">publisher</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-volume">volume</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-series">series</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-address">address</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-edition">edition</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-booklet"> + <title>booklet entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>booklet entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>A work that is printed and bound, but without a + named publisher or sponsoring institution. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@BOOKLET{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-howpublished">howpublished</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-address">address</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-conference"> + <title>conference entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>conference entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>An article in the proceedings of a conference. + This entry is identical to the 'inproceedings' entry + and is included for compatibility with another text + formatting system. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@CONFERENCE{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-booktitle">booktitle</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-editor">editor</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-pages">pages</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-organization">organization</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-publisher">publisher</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-address">address</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-inbook"> + <title>inbook entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>inbook entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>A part of a book, which may be a chapter and/or + a range of pages. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@INBOOK{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link> + or + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-editor">editor</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-chapter">chapter</link> + and/or + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-pages">pages</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-publisher">publisher</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-volume">volume</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-series">series</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-address">address</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-edition">edition</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-incollection"> + <title>incollection entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>incollection entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>A part of a book with its own title.</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@INCOLLECTION{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-booktitle">booktitle</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-editor">editor</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-pages">pages</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-organization">organization</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-publisher">publisher</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-address">address</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-inproceedings"> + <title>inproceedings entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>inproceedings entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>An article in the proceedings of a conference.</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@INPROCEEDINGS{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-booktitle">booktitle</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-editor">editor</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-pages">pages</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-organization">organization</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-publisher">publisher</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-address">address</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-manual"> + <title>manual entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>manual entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Technical documentation.</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@MANUAL{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-organization">organization</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-address">address</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-edition">edition</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-mastersthesis"> + <title>mastersthesis entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>mastersthesis entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>A Master's thesis.</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@MASTERSTHESIS{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-school">school</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-address">address</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-misc"> + <title>misc entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>misc entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Use this type when nothing else seems + appropriate.</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@MISC{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: none + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-howpublished">howpublished</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-phdthesis"> + <title>phdthesis entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>phdthesis entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>A PhD thesis. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@PHDTHESIS{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-school">school</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-address">address</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-proceedings"> + <title>proceedings entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>proceedings entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The proceedings of a conference. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@PROCEEDINGS{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-editor">editor</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-publisher">publisher</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-organization">organization</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-address">address</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-techreport"> + <title>techreport entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>techreport entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>A report published by a school or other institution, + usually numbered within a series. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@TECHREPORT{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-institution">institution</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-type">type</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-number">number</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-address">address</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-entry-types-unpublished"> + <title>unpublished entry</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Entry Types</secondary> + <tertiary>unpublished entry</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> A document with an author and title, but not + formally published. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>@UNPUBLISHED{citation_key, + required_fields [, optional_fields] }</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Required fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-author">author</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-title">title</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-note">note</link> + </para> + <para>Optional fields: + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-month">month</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-year">year</link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-field-types-key">key</link> + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-text"> + <title>Field Text</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bib files</secondary> + <tertiary>Field Text</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The text of the field is enclosed in braces or double + quote characters. A part of the text is said to be enclosed + in braces if it lies inside a matching pair of braces other + than the ones enclosing the entire entry or the entire field text. + </para> + <para>&bibtex; manipulates the case of letters in the field text + as described in the subtopics below. + </para> + + <section id="bibtex-field-text-names"> + <title>Names</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Text</secondary> + <tertiary>Names</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The text of an author or editor field represents a + list of names. The bibliography style determines the format + in which the name is printed: whether the first name or + last name appears first, if the full first name or just + the first initial is used, etc. The bibliography file entry + simply tells &bibtex; what the name is. + </para> + <para>You should type an author's complete name and let the + bibliography style decide what to abbreviate. (But an + author's complete name may be "Donald~E. Knuth" or + even "J.~P.~Morgan"; you should type it the way the + author would like it to appear, if that's known.) + </para> + <para>Most names can be entered in the obvious way, either + with or without a comma, as in the following examples: + </para> + <para>"John Paul Jones" "Jones, John Paul" + "Ludwig von Beethoven" "von Beethoven, Ludwig" + </para> + <para>Some people have multiple last names - for example, + Per Brinch Hansen's last name is Brinch~Hansen. + His name should be typed with a comma: + </para> + <para> "Brinch Hansen, Per" + </para> + <para>To understand why, you must understand how &bibtex; + handles names (for what follows, a "name" corresponds + to a person). + </para> + <para>Each name consists of four parts: First, von, Last, + and~Jr; each part consists of a (possibly empty) list + of name-tokens. For example the First part of + Per Brinch~Hansen's name has the single token "Per"; + the Last part has two, "Brinch" and "Hansen"; and the + von and Jr parts are empty. If you had typed + </para> + <para>"Per Brinch Hansen"</para> + <para>instead, &bibtex; would erroneously think "Brinch" + were a First-part token, just as "Paul" is a First-part + token in "John~Paul Jones". + </para> + <para>Here's another example:</para> + <para>"Charles Louis Xavier Joseph de la Vallee + Poussin" + </para> + <para>This name has four tokens in the First part, two + in the von, and two in the Last. Here &bibtex; knows + where one part ends and the other begins because the + tokens in the von part begin with lower-case letters. + </para> + <para>If you want &bibtex; to consider something a single + token, enclose it in braces. You should do this, + for example, if a comma is part of a name: + </para> + <para>"{Barnes and Noble, Inc.}" "{Barnes and} {Noble, Inc.}" + "{Barnes} {and} {Noble,} {Inc.}" + </para> + <para>The braces surrounding the comma keep "Inc." from + being interpreted as a First token; this name has only + a Last part, with either one, two, or four tokens + (there must be a space separating the tokens in the + second and third forms). Probably the second form is + slightly more meaningful, but don't lose sleep over this + since only rarely will an institution be an author or + editor. + </para> + <para>So the two names</para> + <para>"von Beethoven, Ludwig" "{von Beethoven}, Ludwig" + </para> + <para>are considered by &bibtex; to be different names. + In the first, "Beethoven" is the Last part and "von" + is the von part; in the second, which in this case + happens to be incorrect, the Last part has a single + token and there's no von part. The bibliography style + will probably print both the same, but it may alphabetize + and label them differently. + </para> + <para>"Juniors" pose a special problem. Most people having + "Jr." in their name precede it with a comma. Such a name + should be entered as follows: + </para> + <para>"Ford, Jr., Henry"</para> + <para>However, a few people do not use a comma. They are + handled by considering the "Jr." to be part of the last + Last token: + </para> + <para>"{Steele Jr.}, Guy L." "Guy L. {Steele Jr.}"</para> + <para>This name has no Jr part.</para> + <para>To summarize, you may type a name in one of + three forms: + </para> + <para>"First von Last" "von Last, First" + "von Last, Jr, First" + </para> + <para>You may almost always use the first form; you shouldn't + if either there's a Jr part or the Last part has multiple + tokens but there's no von part. + </para> + <para>If there are multiple authors or editors, their + names must be separated by the word "and", surrounded + by spaces, not enclosed in braces: + </para> + <para>AUTHOR = "Ralph Alpher and Bethe, Hans and George Gamow" + </para> + <para>Since &bibtex; interprets commas as separating parts + of a name and "and" as separating names themselves, + this example has three coauthors: Ralph Alpher, + Hans Bethe, and George Gamow. If the word "and" appears + as part of a name, it must be enclosed in braces, as in + the example of "Barnes and Noble,~Inc." given above. + If you have too many names to list in a field, you can + end the list with "and others"; the standard styles + appropriately append an "et al." + </para> + <para>&bibtex;'s rules are actually a bit more complicated + than indicated here, but this description will + suffice for most names. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-text-titles"> + <title>Titles</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Text</secondary> + <tertiary>Titles</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The bibliography style determines whether or not a + title is capitalized; the titles of books usually are, + the title of articles usually are not. You type a title + the way it should appear if it is capitalized (you + should capitalize everything but articles and unstressed + conjunctions and prepositions, and even these should + be capitalized as the first word or + the first after a colon): + </para> + <para>TITLE = "The Agony and the Ecstasy"</para> + <para>&bibtex; will change uppercase letters to lowercase + if appropriate. Uppercase letters that should not be + changed are enclosed in braces. The following two + titles are equivalent; the "A" of "Africa" will not + be made lowercase. + </para> + <para>"The Gnats and Gnus of {Africa}" + "The Gnats and Gnus of {A}frica" + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-text-abbr"> + <title>Abbreviations</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Text</secondary> + <tertiary>Abbreviations</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Instead of an ordinary text string, the text of a + field can be replaced by an abbreviation for it. An + abbreviation is a string of characters that starts + with a letter and does not contain a space or any + of the following ten characters: + </para> + <para><literal>" # % ' ( ) , = { }</literal></para> + <para>The abbreviation is typed in place of the text + field, with no braces or quotation marks. If 'jgg1' + is an abbreviation for + </para> + <para>Journal of Gnats and Gnus, Series~1</para> + <para>then the following are equivalent:</para> + <para>JOURNAL = jgg1 JOURNAL = "Journal of Gnats and + Gnus, Series~1"</para> + <para>Some abbreviations are predefined by the bibliography + style. These always include the usual 3 letter + abbreviations for the month: jan, feb, mar etc. + </para> + <para>Bibliography styles usually contain abbreviations + for the names of commonly referenced journals. Consult + the Local Guide for a list of the predefined abbreviations + for the bibliography styles available. + </para> + <para>You can define your own abbreviations by using + &bibtex;'s <literal>@STRING</literal> command. + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types"> + <title>Field Types</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bib files</secondary> + <tertiary>Field Types</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Below is a list of all fields recognized by the + standard bibliography styles. An entry can also contain + other fields, which are ignored by those styles. + </para> + <para>&bibtex; ignores the case of letters in the + field names. + </para> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-address"> + <title>address field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>address field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Publisher's address. For major publishing houses, + just the city is given. For small publishers, you can + help the reader by giving the complete address. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>ADDRESS = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-annote"> + <title>annote field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>annote field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>An annotation, used only for annotated bibliography + styles (which are not among the standard ones). + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>ANNOTE = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-author"> + <title>author field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>author field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The name(s) of the author(s). + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>AUTHOR = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-booktitle"> + <title>booktitle field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>booktitle field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Title of a book, part of which is being cited.</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>BOOKTITLE = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-chapter"> + <title>chapter field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>chapter field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>A chapter number.</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>CHAPTER = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-edition"> + <title>edition field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>edition field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The edition of a book - for example, "second".</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>EDITION = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-editor"> + <title>editor field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>editor field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Name(s) of editor(s). If there is also an "author" + field, then the "editor" field gives the editor of + the book or collection in which the reference appears. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>EDITOR = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-howpublished"> + <title>howpublished field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>howpublished field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>How something strange has been published.</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>HOWPUBLISHED = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-institution"> + <title>institution field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>institution field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The institution that published the work.</para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>INSTITUTION = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-journal"> + <title>journal field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>journal field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>A journal name. Abbreviations are provided for many + journals; see the Local Guide. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>JOURNAL = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-key"> + <title>key field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>key field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> Used for alphabetizing and creating a label + when the "author" and "editor" fields are missing. + This field should not be confused with the citation + key that appears in the <literal>\cite</literal> + command and at the beginning of the entry. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>KEY = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-month"> + <title>month field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>month field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The month in which the work was published or, + for an unpublished work, in which it was written. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>MONTH = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-note"> + <title>note field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>note field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Any additional information that can help the reader. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>NOTE = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-number"> + <title>number field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>number field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The number of a journal, magazine, or technical + report. An issue of a journal or magazine is usually + identified by its volume and number; the organization + that issues a technical report usually gives it a number. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>NUMBER = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-organization"> + <title>organization field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>organization field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The organization sponsoring a conference. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>ORGANIZATION = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-pages"> + <title>pages field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>pages field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>A page number or range of numbers such as "42--111"; + you may also have several of these, separating them with + commas: "7,41,73--97". The standard styles convert a + single dash to a double. > + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>PAGES = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-publisher"> + <title>publisher field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>publisher field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The publisher's name. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>PUBLISHER = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-school"> + <title>school field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>school field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The name of the school where a thesis was written. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>SCHOOL = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-series"> + <title>series field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>series field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The name of a series or set of books. When citing + an entire book, the the "title" field gives its title + and an optional "series" field gives the name of a series + in which the book is published. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>SERIES = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-title"> + <title>title field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>title field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The work's title. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>TITLE = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-type"> + <title>type field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>type field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The type of a technical report - for example, + "Research Note". + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>TYPE = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-volume"> + <title>volume field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>volume field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The volume of a journal or multivolume book work. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>VOLUME = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-field-types-year"> + <title>year field</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>Field Types</secondary> + <tertiary>year field</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The year of publication or, for an unpublished + work, the year it was written. This field's text + should contain only numerals. + </para> + <para>Format: + <programlisting>YEAR = field_text</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-bst-files"> + <title>bst files</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bst files</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Bibliography style files define the style of a + bibliography source list.</para> + <para>The standard bibliography style files are + <link linkend="bibtex-bst-plain"><filename role="nohyphenation">PLAIN</filename></link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-bst-unsrt"><filename role="nohyphenation">UNSRT</filename></link>, + <link linkend="bibtex-bst-alpha"><filename role="nohyphenation">ALPHA</filename></link> + and + <link linkend="bibtex-bst-abbr"><filename role="nohyphenation">ABBRV</filename></link>. + </para> + <para>If you want to make a bibliography style of your own, + look at <link linkend="bibtex-bst-sample"><filename role="nohyphenation">SAMPLE.BST</filename></link>. + </para> + + <section id="bibtex-bst-abbr"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">ABBRV.BST</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bst files</secondary> + <tertiary>ABBRV.BST</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>This style is the same as the style defined in + <filename>PLAIN.BST</filename>, except that entries are + more compact because first names, month names and journal + names are abbreviated. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-bst-alpha"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">ALPHA.BST</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bst files</secondary> + <tertiary>ALPHA.BST</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>This style is the same as the style defined in + <filename>PLAIN.BST</filename> except that entry labels + like "Knu66", formed from the author's name and the year + of publication, are used. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-bst-plain"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">PLAIN.BST</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bst files</secondary> + <tertiary>PLAIN.BST</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>This style is formatted more or less as suggested + by Mary-Claire van Leunen in "A Handbook for Scholars" + (Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979). Entries are sorted + alphabetically and are labelled with numbers. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-bst-sample"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">SAMPLE.BST</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bst files</secondary> + <tertiary>SAMPLE.BST</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>This is a sample bibliography style file meant to + help you construct a new style. It creates a bibliography + in which entries appear as follows: + </para> + <para>[Jones79] Jones, R. L. and Richards, P. Q. The Birds + and the Bees. {\it Journal of Irreproducible Results 4}, + 2 (Jan. 1979), 27-33. + </para> + <para>[Jones82a] Jones, P. G. The Bees and the + Trees ... (1982). + </para> + <para>[Jones82b] Jones, R. L. The Trees and the + Peas ... (1982). + </para> + <para>[Krist74] Kristofferson, R. P. Peopl and + Places ... (1974) + </para> + <para>It should illustrate how you write a style file. + The functions are described in an informal Pascal-like + style in comments. Because of the way while loops and + if-then-else statements must use functions, the following + convention is used. If a while loop is labeled 'foo' + in the informal description, then its test and body + are the functions named 'foo.test' and 'foo.body'. + If an if statement is labeled 'foo', then its two clauses + are the functions named 'foo.then' and 'foo.else'. + (Null clauses just use the 'skip$' function.) Note that + because functions have to be defined in terms of + already-defined functions, the actual function definitions + are given in a 'bottom-up' order. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="bibtex-bst-unsrt"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">UNSRT.BST</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>bst files</secondary> + <tertiary>UNSRT.BST</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>This style is that same as <filename>PLAIN.BST</filename> + except that entries appear in the order of their + first citation. + </para> + </section> + + </section> + +</chapter> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-makeindex.xml b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-makeindex.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..170738f622f --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-makeindex.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1158 @@ +<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?> + +<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" +[ + <!ENTITY % tex-refs-ent SYSTEM "tex-refs.ent" > +%tex-refs-ent; +]> + +<!-- $Id: tex-refs-chapter-makeindex.xml 139 2004-08-26 16:58:10Z mw $ --> + +<chapter id="makeindex" lang="en"> + <title id="makeindex-title">&makeindex;</title> + <indexterm><primary>Make-Index</primary></indexterm> + + <note> + <para>The contents of this section was taken from + the HTML helppages for &makeindex; + of Norman Walsh (Version 1.0, 12 Apr 94). + </para> + <para>Some obvious errors in this documentation have been corrected + according to <filename>makeindex(1L)</filename>. + </para> + <para>Additional information was taken from + <filename>makeindex(1L)</filename> and the program source + files as found in te&tex; 2.0.2.</para> + </note> + + <para>&makeindex; is a general purpose index processor. + It takes one or more raw index files (normally generated + by a formatter), sorts the entries, and produces the actual + index file. It is not dependent on any particular format of + raw index file, although the <literal>.idx</literal> file + generated by &latex; is + the default. Up to three levels (0, 1, and 2) of subitem nesting + within the same entry is supported. The input format may be + redefined in a style file so that raw index or glossary output + from other formatters may be processed. The style file also + defines the style of output index file. Unless specified + otherwise, the file name base of the first input file + (<literal>idx0</literal>) + is used to determine other related input/output files. + The default input file type is <literal>.idx</literal>. + </para> + + <section id="makeindex-options"> + <title id="makeindex-options-title">Options</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>&makeindex; is a Unix program, and therefore has a + Unix-style command line. Instead of qualifiers delimited with + a slash (<literal>/</literal>), &makeindex; options are delimited + with a hyphen (<literal>-</literal>). + </para> + + <section id="makeindex-option-c"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-c</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-c</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Enable blank compression. By default every blank counts + in the index key. The <literal>-c</literal> option ignores + leading and trailing blanks and tabs and compresses + intermediate ones to a single space. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-option-g"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-g</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-g</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Employ German word ordering in the index, + in accord with rules set forth in DIN 5007. The + quote character must be redefined in a style file + (for example, redefine quote as <literal>'+'</literal>). + If the quote character is not redefined, &makeindex; + will produce an error message and abort. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-option-i"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-i</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-i</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> Use <literal>stdin</literal> as the input file. + When this option is specified and the <literal>-o</literal> + is not, output is written to <literal>stdout</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-option-l"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-l</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-l</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Use letter ordering. Default is word ordering + (explained in the + <link linkend="makeindex-ordering">Ordering</link> + section). + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-option-q"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-q</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-q</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Quiet mode, send no messages to <literal>stderr</literal>. + By default progress and error messages are sent to + <literal>stderr</literal> as well as the transcript file. + The <literal>-q</literal> option disables the + <literal>stderr</literal> messages. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-option-r"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-r</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-r</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Disable implicit page range formation. By default + three or more successive pages will be automatically + abbreviated as a range (e.g. 1--5). The <literal>-r</literal> + option disables it, making the explicit range operators + the only way to create page ranges (see the + <link linkend="makeindex-special-effects">Special Effects</link> + section below). + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-option-s-sty"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-s sty</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-s sty</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> Take <literal>sty</literal> as the style file. + There is no default for the style file name. The + environment variable INDEXSTYLE defines the path where + the style file should be found. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-option-o-ind"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-o ind</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-o ind</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Take <literal>ind</literal> as the output index file. + By default the file name base of the first input file + <literal>idx0</literal> concatenated with the extension + <literal>.ind</literal> is used as the output file name. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-option-t-log"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-t log</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-t log</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Take <literal>log</literal> as the transcript file. + By default the file name base of the first input file + <literal>idx0</literal> concatenated with the extension + <literal>.ilg</literal> is used as the transcript file name. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-option-p-no"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-p no</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-p no</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Set the starting page number of the output index file + to be <literal>no</literal>. This is useful when the index + file is to be formatted separately. Other than pure numbers, + three special cases are allowed for no: + <literal>any</literal>, + <literal>odd</literal>, and <literal>even</literal>. + In these special cases, the starting page number is determined + by retrieving the last page number from the source log file. + The source log file name is determined by concatenating the + file name base of the first raw index file + (<literal>idx0</literal>) with the extension + <literal>.log</literal>. The last source page is obtained + by searching backward in the log file for the first instance + of a number included in <literal>[...]</literal>. If a page + number is missing or the log file is not found, no attempt + will be made to set the starting page number. The meaning of + each of these cases follows: + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term>any</term> + <listitem> + <para>The starting page is the last source page + number plus 1. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>odd</term> + <listitem> + <para>The starting page is the first odd page + following the last source page number. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>even</term> + <listitem> + <para>The starting page is the first even page following + the last source page number. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-option-L"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-L</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-L</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Sort based on locale settings. String comparisons for + sorting are done using <command>strcoll(3)</command>, + which compares strings according to the current locale + category <literal>LC_COLLATE</literal>.</para> + <para>Not available on all systems (depends on compile + time settings).</para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-option-T"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-T</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-T</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Special support for Thai documents.</para> + <para> Not available on all systems (depends on compile + time settings).</para> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-style-file"> + <title>Style File</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Style File</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>The style file format is very simple. It is a list of + <literal><specifier, attribute></literal> pairs. + There are two types of + specifiers (input and output). The pairs don't have to obey + any particular order in the file. A line lead by + `<literal>%</literal>' is a + comment. The following is a list of all the specifiers and + their respective arguments where + <literal><string></literal> is an arbitrary + string delimited by double quotes (<literal>"..."</literal>), + <literal><char></literal> is a single letter embraced by + single quotes + (<literal>'...'</literal>), and + <literal><number></literal> + is a nonnegative + integer. The maximum length of a + <literal><string></literal> is 144. + Notice that a backslash must be escaped (by an extra backslash) + in the string quotation. Anything not specified in the style + file will be assigned a default value, which is shown on a + separate line. This file can reside anywhere in the path + defined by the environment variable <envar>INDEXSTYLE</envar>. + </para> + + <section id="makeindex-style"> + <title>Input Style Specifiers</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Input Style Specifiers</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <section id="makeindex-actual-char"> + <title>actual <char></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Input Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>actual</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>@</literal></para> + <para>The symbol which indicates that the next entry is + to appear in the actual index file. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-arg-close"> + <title>arg_close <char></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Input Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>arg_close</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>}</literal></para> + <para> This is the closing delimiter for the index + entry argument. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-style-arg-open"> + <title>arg_open <char></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Input Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>arg_open</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>{</literal></para> + <para> This is the opening delimiter for the index entry + argument. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-encap-char"> + <title>encap <char></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Input Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>encap</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>|</literal></para> + <para>The symbol which indicates that the rest of the + argument list is to be used as the encapsulating command + for the page number. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-escape-char"> + <title>escape <char></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Input Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>escape</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>\\</literal></para> + <para>The symbol which escapes the next letter, unless + its preceding letter is escape. In other words, quote + is used to escape the letter which immediately follows it. + But if it is preceded by escape, it does not escape anything. + </para> + <para> Notice that the two symbols must be distinct.</para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-style-string"> + <title>keyword <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Input Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>keyword</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\\indexentry"</literal></para> + <para> This is the command which tells &makeindex; that its + argument is an index entry. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-level-char"> + <title>level <char></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Input Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>level</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>!</literal></para> + <para>The delimiter which denotes a new level of subitem.</para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-quote-char"> + <title>quote <char></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Input Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>quote</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"</literal></para> + <para><literal>quote</literal> is used to escape + the letter which immediately follows it, but + if it is preceded by escape, it is treated as a + ordinary character. These two symbols must be + distinct. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-range-close"> + <title>range_close <char></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Input Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>range_close</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>)</literal></para> + <para>The closing delimiter indicating the end of an + explicit page range. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-range-open"> + <title>range_open <char></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Input Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>range_open</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>(</literal></para> + <para>The opening delimiter indicating the beginning of + an explicit page range. + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-style-specs"> + <title>Output Style Specifiers</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <section id="makeindex-page-compositor"> + <title>page_compositor <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>page_compositor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"-"</literal></para> + <para>This specifier is used to separate a range + of page numbers.</para> + <para>Officially undocumented!</para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-preamble-string"> + <title>preamble <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>preamble</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\\begin{theindex}\n"</literal></para> + <para>The preamble of actual index file.</para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-postamble-string"> + <title>postamble <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>postamble</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\n\n\\end{theindex}\n"</literal></para> + <para>The postamble of actual index file.</para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-setpage-prefix"> + <title>setpage_prefix <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>setpage_prefix</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\n \\setcounter{page}{"</literal></para> + <para>The prefix of the command which sets the + starting page number. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-setpage-suffix"> + <title>setpage_suffix <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>setpage_suffix</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"}\n"</literal></para> + <para>The suffix of the command which sets the + starting page number. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-group-skip"> + <title>group_skip <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>group_skip</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\n\n \\indexspace\n"</literal></para> + <para>The vertical space to be inserted before a + new group begins. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-heading-prefix-string"> + <title>heading_prefix <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>heading_prefix</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>""</literal></para> + <para>The header prefix to be inserted before a new + letter begins. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-heading-suffix-string"> + <title>heading_suffix <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>heading_suffix</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>""</literal></para> + <para>The header suffix to be inserted before + a new letter begins. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-headings-flag"> + <title>headings_flag <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>headings_flag</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>0</literal></para> + <para>The flag indicating the condition of inserting new + letter header. Default is 0, which means no header. + Positive means insert an uppercase letter between prefix + and suffix. Negative means insert a lowercase letter. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-symhead-positive"> + <title>symhead_positive <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>symhead_positive</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"Symbols"</literal></para> + <para>Heading for symbols to be inserted + if <literal>headings_flag</literal> is positive. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-symhead-negative"> + <title>symhead_negative <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>symhead_negative</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"symbols"</literal></para> + <para>Heading for symbols to be inserted + if <literal>headings_flag</literal> is negative. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-numhead-positive"> + <title>numhead_positive <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>numhead_positive</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"Numbers"</literal></para> + <para>Heading for numbers to be inserted + if <literal>headings_flag</literal> is positive. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-numhead-negative"> + <title>numhead_negative <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>numhead_negative</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"numbers"</literal></para> + <para>Heading for numbers to be inserted + if <literal>headings_flag</literal> is negative. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-item-0"> + <title>item_0 <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>item_0</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\n \\item "</literal></para> + <para>The command to be inserted between two primary + (level 0) items. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-item-1"> + <title>item_1 <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>item_1</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\n \\subitem "</literal></para> + <para>The command to be inserted between two secondary + (level 1) items. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-item-2"> + <title>item_2 <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>item_2</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\n \\subsubitem "</literal></para> + <para>The command to be inserted between two level 2 items.</para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-item-01"> + <title>item_01 <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>item_01</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\n \\subitem "</literal></para> + <para>The command to be inserted between a level 0 item + and a level 1 item. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-item-x1"> + <title>item_x1 <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>item_x1</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\n \\subitem "</literal></para> + <para>The command to be inserted between a level 0 item + and a level 1 item. The difference between this and + previous is that in this case the level 0 item doesn't + have any page numbers. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-item-12"> + <title>item_12 <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>item_12</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\n \\subsubitem "</literal></para> + <para>The command to be inserted between a level 1 item + and a level 2 item. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-item-x2"> + <title>item_x2 <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>item_x2</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\n \\subsubitem "</literal></para> + <para>The command to be inserted between a level 1 item + and a level 2 item. The difference between this and + previous is that in this case the level 1 item doesn't + have any page numbers. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-delim-0"> + <title>delim_0 <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>delim_0</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>", "</literal></para> + <para>The delimiter to be inserted between a level 0 key + and its first page number. Default is a comma followed + by a blank. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-delim-1"> + <title>delim_1 <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>delim_1</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>", "</literal></para> + <para>The delimiter to be inserted between a level 1 key + and its first page number. Default is a comma followed + by a blank. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-delim-2"> + <title>delim_2 <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>delim_2</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>", "</literal></para> + <para>The delimiter to be inserted between a level 2 key + and its first page number. Default is a comma followed + by a blank. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-delim-n"> + <title>delim_n <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>delim_n</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>", "</literal></para> + <para>The delimiter to be inserted between two page numbers + for the same key in any level. Default is a comma followed + by a blank. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-delim-r"> + <title>delim_r <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>delim_r</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"--"</literal></para> + <para>The delimiter to be inserted between the starting and + ending page numbers of a range. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-delim-t"> + <title>delim_t <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>delim_t</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>""</literal></para> + <para>The delimiter to be inserted at the end of a page list. + This delimiter has no effect on entries which have no + associated page list. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-encap-prefix"> + <title>encap_prefix <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>encap_prefix</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\\"</literal></para> + <para>The prefix for the command which encapsulates + the page number. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-encap-infox"> + <title>encap_infix <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>encap_infix</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"{"</literal></para> + <para>The prefix for the command which encapsulates + the page number. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-encap-suffix"> + <title>encap_suffix <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>encap_suffix</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"}"</literal></para> + <para>The suffix for the command which encapsulates + the page number. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-line-max"> + <title>line_max <number></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>line_max</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>72</literal></para> + <para>The maximum length of a line in the output + beyond which a line wraps around. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-indent-space"> + <title>indent_space <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>indent_space</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>"\t\t"</literal></para> + <para>The space to be inserted in front of a wrapped + line. Default is two tabs. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-indent-length"> + <title>indent_length <number></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>indent_length</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>16</literal></para> + <para>The length of indent_space. In the default case + this is 16 (for 2 tabs). + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-suffix-2p"> + <title>suffix_2p <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>suffix_2p</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>""</literal></para> + <para>Delimiter to replace the range delimiter and + the second page number of a two page list. + When present, it overrides <literal>delim_r</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-suffix-3p"> + <title>suffix_3p <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>suffix_3p</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>""</literal></para> + <para>Delimiter to replace the range delimiter and + the second page number of a three page list. + When present, it overrides <literal>delim_r</literal> + and <literal>suffix_mp</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-output-suffix-mp"> + <title>suffix_mp <string></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Output Style Specifiers</secondary> + <tertiary>suffix_mp</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>&Default; <literal>""</literal></para> + <para>Delimiter to replace the range delimiter and + the second page number of a multiple page list + (three or more pages). When present, it overrides + <literal>delim_r</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-example"> + <title>Example</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Example</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>The following example shows a style file called + <literal>book.isty</literal> which defines a stand-alone + index for a book. By stand-alone, we mean it can be formatted + independent of the main source. + </para> + <para><programlisting>preamble +"\\documentstyle[12pt]{book} +\\begin{document} +\\begin{theindex} +{\\small\n" + +postamble +"\n\n} +\\end{theindex} +\\end{document}\n"</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Suppose a particular book style requires the index + (as well as any chapters) to start from an odd page number. + Given <literal>foo.idx</literal> as the raw index file, the + following command line produces an index in file + <literal>foo-.ind</literal>. + </para> + <para><programlisting>makeindex -s book.isty -o foo-.ind -p odd foo +</programlisting> + </para> + <para>The reason to use a non-default output file name is + to avoid clobbering the source output (presumably + <literal>foo.dvi</literal>) because if the index is in file + <literal>foo.ind</literal>, its output will also be in + <literal>foo.dvi</literal> as a result of separate formatting + using . In the example the index is in + <literal>foo-.ind</literal>, its output will be in + <literal>foo-.dvi</literal> and thus introduces no confusion. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-ordering"> + <title>Ordering</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Ordering</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>By default <literal>makeindex</literal> assumes word + ordering. The <literal>-l</literal> option turns it into letter + ordering. The only difference is whether a blank is treated as + an effective letter or not. In word ordering, a blank precedes + any letter in the alphabet, whereas in letter ordering, it + doesn't count at all. This is best illustrated by the following + example: + </para> + + <para> + <informaltable frame="none"> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <thead> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry><emphasis>word order</emphasis></entry> + <entry><emphasis>letter order</emphasis></entry> + </row> + </thead> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>sea lion</entry> + <entry>seal</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>seal</entry> + <entry>seal lion</entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </informaltable> + </para> + + <para>Numbers are sorted in numeric order. For instance,</para> + <para> + <informaltable frame="none"> + <tgroup cols="1"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>9 (nine), 123</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>123 10 (ten), see Derek, Bo</entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </informaltable> + </para> + + <para>Letters are first sorted with uppercase and lowercase + considered identical; then, within identical words the uppercase + letter precedes its lowercase counterpart. + </para> + <para>Patterns lead by a special symbol precede numbers, which + precede patterns lead by a letter. The symbol here refers to + anything not in the union of digits and English alphabet. This + includes those which follow 'z' in the ASCII chart. As a special + case, anything started with a digit but mixed with non-digits + is considered a symbol-leading pattern instead of a number. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="makeindex-special-effects"> + <title>Special Effects</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Make-Index</primary> + <secondary>Special Effects</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para> In the normal case entries such as + <programlisting>\indexentry{alpha}{1} +\indexentry{alpha!beta}{3} +\indexentry{alpha!beta!gamma}{10}</programlisting> + in the raw index file will be converted to + <programlisting>\item alpha, 1 + \subitem beta, 3 + \subsubitem gamma, 10</programlisting> + in the output index file by &makeindex;. Notice that the level + symbol (<literal>!</literal>) is used to delimit levels of nesting. + </para> + <para>It is possible to make an item appear in a designated form + by using the actual (<literal>@</literal>) operator. + For instance, + <programlisting>\indexentry{alpha@{\it alpha\/}}{1} </programlisting> + will become + <programlisting>\item {\it alpha\/} 1</programlisting> + after the conversion. The idea is that the pattern preceding + <literal>@</literal> is used as sort key, whereas the one + following it is put in the actual result. However, the same key + with and without the actual part are regarded as distinct entries. + </para> + <para>It is also possible to encapsulate a page number with a + designated command using the encap (<literal>|</literal>) + operator. For example, in the default case, + <programlisting>\indexentry{alpha|bold}{1}</programlisting> + will be converted to + <programlisting>\item alpha \bold{1}</programlisting> + where <literal>\bold{n}</literal> will expand to + <literal>{\bf n}</literal>. This allows the encap operator to + be used to set pages in different fonts, thereby conveying more + information about whatever being indexed. For instance, given + the same key the page where its definition appears can be in + one font while where its primary example is given can be in + another, with other ordinary appearances in a third. Notice that + in this example, the three output attributes associated with + page encapsulation <literal>encap_prefix</literal>, + <literal>encap_infix</literal>, and + <literal>encap_suffix</literal> + correspond respectively to backslash, left brace, and right brace. + If this is to be formatted by languages other than , they would + be defined differently. + </para> + <para>By the same token, the <literal>encap</literal> operator + can be used to make cross references in the index. For instance, + <programlisting>\indexentry{alpha|see{beta}}{1}</programlisting> + will become + <programlisting>\item alpha \see{beta}{1}</programlisting> + in the output index file after the conversion, where + <programlisting>\see{beta}{1}</programlisting> + will expand to + <programlisting>{\it see\/} beta</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Notice that in a cross reference like this the page + number disappears. Therefore, where to insert such a command + in the source is immaterial. + </para> + <para>A pair of encap concatenated with + <literal>range_open</literal> (<literal>|(</literal>) and + with <literal>range_close</literal> (<literal>|)</literal>) + creates an explicit page range. That is, + <programlisting>\indexentry{alpha|(}{1} +\indexentry{alpha|)}{5}</programlisting> + will become + <programlisting>\item alpha, 1--5</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Intermediate pages indexed by the same key will be merged + into the range implicitly. This is especially useful when an + entire section about a particular subject is to be indexed, + in which case only the range opening and closing operators need + to be inserted at the beginning and end of the section, respectively. + </para> + <para>This explicit page range formation can also include an + extra command to set the page range in a designated font. Thus + <programlisting>\indexentry{alpha|(bold}{1} +\indexentry{alpha|)}{5}</programlisting> + will become + <programlisting>\item alpha, \bold{1--5}</programlisting> + </para> + <para>A couple of special cases are worth mentioning here. + First, entries like + <programlisting>\indexentry{alpha|(}{1} +\indexentry{alpha|bold}{3} +\indexentry{alpha|)}{5} </programlisting> + will be interpreted as + <programlisting>\item alpha, \bold{3}, 1--5</programlisting> + but with a warning message in the transcript about the + encounter of an inconsistent page encapsulator. Secondly, an + explicit range beginning in a Roman page number and ending in + Arabic is considered an error. In a case like this the range + is broken into two subranges, if possible, one in Roman, + the other in Arabic. For instance, + <programlisting>\indexentry{alpha|(}{i} +\indexentry{alpha}{iv} +\indexentry{alpha}{3} +\indexentry{alpha|)}{7}</programlisting> + will be turned into + <programlisting>\item alpha, 1--iv, 3--7</programlisting> + with a warning message in the transcript complaining about + the illegal range formation. + </para> + <para>Finally, every special symbol mentioned in this section + may be escaped by the quote operator (<literal>"</literal>). + Thus + <programlisting>\indexentry{alpha"@beta}{1} </programlisting> + will actually become + <programlisting>\item alpha@beta, 1</programlisting> + as a result of executing &makeindex;. However, if quote is + preceded by escape (<literal>\</literal>), its following + letter is not escaped. That is, + <programlisting>\indexentry{f\"ur}{1} </programlisting> + means + <programlisting>\item f\"ur, 1</programlisting> + which represents umlaut accented <literal>u</literal> to + the family of processors. + </para> + </section> + +</chapter> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-metafont.xml b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-metafont.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..be33a35809b --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-metafont.xml @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?> + +<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" +[ + <!ENTITY % tex-refs-ent SYSTEM "tex-refs.ent" > +%tex-refs-ent; +]> + +<!-- $Id: tex-refs-chapter-metafont.xml 139 2004-08-26 16:58:10Z mw $ --> + +<chapter id="metafont" lang="en"> + <title id="metafont-title">&metafont; (&tbd;)</title> + <indexterm><primary>Metafont</primary></indexterm> + <para>&tbd;</para> +</chapter> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-metapost.xml b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-metapost.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0da3cea20b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-metapost.xml @@ -0,0 +1,340 @@ +<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?> + +<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" +[ + <!ENTITY % tex-refs-ent SYSTEM "tex-refs.ent" > +%tex-refs-ent; +]> + +<!-- $Id: tex-refs-chapter-metapost.xml 139 2004-08-26 16:58:10Z mw $ --> + +<chapter id="metapost" lang="en"> + <title id="metapost-title">&metapost;</title> + <indexterm><primary>&metapost;</primary></indexterm> + + <note> + <para>The contents of this section was taken from + <filename>mpost(1)</filename>. + </para> + </note> + + <para>&metapost; is a programming language much like Knuth's &metafont; + except that it outputs PostScript programs instead of bitmaps. + Borrowed from &metafont; are the basic tools for creating and + manipulating pictures. These include numbers, coordinate pairs, + cubic splines, affine transformations, text strings, and boolean + quantities. Additional features facilitate integrating text and + graphics and accessing special features of PostScript such as clipping, + shading, and dashed lines. Another feature borrowed from &metafont; + is the ability to solve linear equations that are given implicitly, + thus allowing many programs to be written in a largely declarative + style. By building complex operations from simpler ones, &metapost; + achieves both power and exibility. + </para> + + <section id="metapost-options"> + <title id="metapost-options-title">Options</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <para>&metapost; understands the following command line options.</para> + + <section id="metapost-option-file-line-error-style"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--file-line-error-style</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--file-line-error-style</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Print error messages in the form + <literal>file:line:error</literal> + which is similar to the way many compilers format them. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-help"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--help</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--help</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Print help message and exit.</para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-ini"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--ini</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--ini</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Be <command>inimpost</command>, for dumping bases; this + is implicitly true if the program is called as + <command>inimpost</command>.</para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-intercation"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--interaction mode</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--interaction mode</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Sets the interaction mode. The mode can be one of + <literal>batchmode</literal>, <literal>nonstopmode</literal>, + <literal>scrollmode</literal>, and + <literal>errorstopmode</literal>. + The meaning of these modes is the same as that of the + corresponding commands.</para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-jobname"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--jobname name</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--jobname name</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Use <literal>name</literal> for the job name, instead + of deriving it from the name of the input file.</para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-kpathsea-debug"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--kpathsea-debug bitmask</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--kpathsea-debug bitmask</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Sets path searching debugging flags according to the + <literal>bitmask</literal>. See the Kpathsea manual for details.</para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-mem"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--mem mem</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--mem mem</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Use <literal>mem</literal> as the name of the mem to be + used, instead of the name by which &metapost; was called or a + <literal>%&</literal> line.</para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-parse-first-line"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--parse-first-line</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--parse-first-line</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>If the first line of the main input file begins with + <literal>%&</literal> parse it to look for a dump name or a + <literal>--translate-file</literal> option.</para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-progname"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--progname name</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--progname name</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Pretend to be program <literal>name</literal>. + This affects both the format used and the search paths.</para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-recorder"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--recorder</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--recorder</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Enable the filename recorder. This leaves a trace of the files + opened for input and output in a file with extension + <literal>.fls.</literal></para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-T"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-T</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-T</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Produce TROFF output.</para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-translate-file"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--translate-file tcxname</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--translate-file tcxname</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Use the <literal>tcxname</literal> translation table.</para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-troff"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--troff</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--troff</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>As -T.</para> + </section> + + <section id="metapost-option-version"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--version</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--version</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Print version information and exit.</para> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="metapost-environment"> + <title>Environment</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>MetaPost</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <para>See the Kpathsearch library documentation (the `Path specifications' + node) for the details of how the environment variables are use when + searching. The <command>kpsewhich</command> utility can be used to + query the values of the variables. + </para> + <para>If the environment variable <literal>TEXMFOUTPUT</literal> + is set, &metapost; attempts to put its output files in it, if + they cannot be put in the current directory. + </para> + <para>Here is a list of the environment variables which affect the + behavior of &metapost;: + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>MPINPUTS</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&metapost;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>MPINPUTS</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Search path for input files.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>MFINPUTS</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&metapost;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>MFINPUTS</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Auxiliary search path for input files with + <literal>.mf</literal> extensions.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>MPSUPPORT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&metapost;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>MPSUPPORT</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Directory for various tables for handling + included &tex; and troff.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>MPXCOMMAND</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&metapost;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>MPXCOMMAND</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>The name of a shell script that converts + embedded typesetting commands to a form that + &metapost; understands. Defaults: + <literal>makempx</literal> for &tex; and + <literal>troffmpx</literal> for troff.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>TEX</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&metapost;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>TEX</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>The version of &tex; - or &latex; - to use when + processing <command>btex</command> and + <command>verbatimtex</command> commands. + Default &tex;. This version of &metapost; allows you + to use a <literal>`%&format'</literal> line + instead.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>TROFF</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&metapost;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>TROFF</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>The troff pipeline for <command>btex</command> + and <command>verbatimtex</command> commands. + Default <literal>eqn -d\$\$ | troff</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>MPEDIT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&metapost;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>MPEDIT</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>A command template for invoking an editor.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para>A <literal>.mem</literal> file is a binary file that permits + fast loading of macro packages. &metapost; reads the default + <literal>plain.mem</literal> unless another <literal>.mem</literal> + file is specified at the start of the first line with an + <literal>&</literal> just before it. There is also an + <literal>mfplain.mem</literal> that simulates plain + &metafont; so that &metapost; can read <literal>.mf</literal> + fonts. (Plain Metafont is described in + <emphasis>The Metafontbook</emphasis>). + </para> + <para>Experts can create <literal>.mem</literal> files by + invoking <command>inimpost</command> and giving + macro definitions followed by a dump command. + </para> + <para>The &metapost; language is similar to &metafont;, + but the manual <emphasis>A User's Manual for MetaPost</emphasis> + assumes no knowledge of &metafont;. + &metapost; does not have bitmap output commands or + &metafont;'s online display mechanism.</para> + </section> + +</chapter> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-pdftex.xml b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-pdftex.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..75ea40cfcbd --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-pdftex.xml @@ -0,0 +1,373 @@ +<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?> + +<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" +[ + <!ENTITY % tex-refs-ent SYSTEM "tex-refs.ent" > +%tex-refs-ent; +]> + +<!-- $Id: tex-refs-chapter-pdftex.xml 139 2004-08-26 16:58:10Z mw $ --> + +<chapter id="pdftex" lang="en"> + <title id="pdftex-title">&pdftex;</title> + <indexterm><primary>pdfTeX</primary></indexterm> + + <note> + <para>The contents of this section was taken from + <filename>pdftex(1)</filename>. + </para> + </note> + + <section id="pdftex-options"> + <title id="pdftex-options-title">Options</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <para>&pdftex; understands the following command line options.</para> + + <section id="pdftex-option-file-line-error-style"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--file-line-error-style</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--file-line-error-style</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Print error messages in the form + <literal>file:line:error</literal> + which is similar to the way many compilers format them. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-fmt"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--fmt format</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--fmt format</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Use <literal>format</literal> as the name of the format + to be used, instead of the name by which &pdftex; was called + or a <literal>%&</literal> line. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-help"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--help</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--help</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Print help message and exit.</para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-ini"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--ini</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--ini</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Be <command>pdfinitex</command>, for dumping formats; this + is implicitly true if the program is called as + <command>pdfinitex</command>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-interaction mode"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--interaction mode</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--interaction mode</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Sets the interaction mode. The mode can be one of + <literal>batchmode</literal>, <literal>nonstopmode</literal>, + <literal>scrollmode</literal>, and + <literal>errorstopmode</literal>. + The meaning of these modes is the same as that of the + corresponding <literal>\commands</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-ipc"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--ipc</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--ipc</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Send DVI or PDF output to a socket as well as the usual output + file. Whether this option is available is the choice of the + installer. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-ipc-start"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--ipc-start</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--ipc-start</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>As <literal>--ipc</literal>, and starts the server at the + other end as well. Whether this option is available is the + choice of the installer. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-jobname-name"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--jobname name</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--jobname name</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Use <literal>name</literal> for the job name, instead of + deriving it from the name of the input file. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-kpathsea-debug"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--kpathsea-debug bitmask</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--kpathsea-debug bitmask</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Sets path searching debugging flags according to the + <literal>bitmask</literal>. See the Kpathsea manual for details. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-maketex"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--maketex fmt</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--maketex fmt</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Enable <command>mktexfmt</command>, where + <literal>fmt</literal> + must be one of <literal>tex</literal> or <literal>tfm</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-no-maketex"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--no-maketex fmt</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--no-maketex fmt</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Disable <command>mktexfmt</command>, where + <literal>fmt</literal> must be one of <literal>tex</literal> + or <literal>tfm</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-output-comment"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--output-comment string</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--output-comment string</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Use <literal>string</literal> for the DVI file comment + instead of the date. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-parse-first-line"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--parse-first-line</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--parse-first-line</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>If the first line of the main input file begins with + <literal>%&</literal> parse it + to look for a dump name or a <literal>--translate-file</literal> option. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-progname"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--progname name</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--progname name</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Pretend to be program <literal>name</literal>. This + affects both the format used and the search paths. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-recorder"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--recorder</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--recorder</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Enable the filename recorder. This leaves a trace of the files + opened for input and output in a file with extension + <literal>.fls</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-shell-escape"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--shell-escape</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--shell-escape</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Enable the <literal>\write18{command}</literal> construct. + The command can be any Bourne shell command. This construct + is normally disallowed for security reasons. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-translate-file"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--translate-file tcxname</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--translate-file tcxname</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Use the <literal>tcxname</literal> translation table. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-option-version"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">--version</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>--version</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Print version information and exit.</para> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="pdftex-environment"> + <title>Environment</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>See the Kpathsearch library documentation (the `Path specifications' + node) for the details of how the environment variables are used when + searching. The <command>kpsewhich</command> utility can be used to + query the values of the variables. + </para> + <para>One caveat: In most &pdftex; formats, you cannot use ~ in a filename you + give directly to &pdftex;, because ~ is an active character, and hence is + expanded, not taken as part of the filename. Other programs, such as + &metafont;, do not have this problem. + </para> + + <para> + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>TEXMFOUTPUT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pdftex;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>TEXMFOUTPUT</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Normally, &pdftex; puts its output files in + the current directory. + If any output file cannot be opened there, it tries to open it + in the directory specified in the environment variable + <literal>TEXMFOUTPUT</literal>. There is no default value + for that variable. For example, + if you say <command>pdftex paper</command> and the + current directory is not writable, if + <literal>TEXMFOUTPUT</literal> has the value + <literal>/tmp</literal>, &pdftex; attempts to + create <literal>/tmp/paper.log</literal> (and + <literal>/tmp/paper.pdf</literal>, if any output is + produced.)</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>TEXINPUTS</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pdftex;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>TEXINPUTS</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Search path for <literal>\input</literal> and + <literal>\openin</literal> files. This should probably + start with ``.'', so that user files are found before system + files. An empty path component will be replaced with the paths + defined in the <filename>texmf.cnf</filename> file. + For example, set <literal>TEXINPUTS</literal> to + <literal>".:/home/usr/tex:"</literal> to prepend the + current direcory and <literal>``/home/user/tex''</literal> + to the standard search path.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>TEXFONTS</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pdftex;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>TEXFONTS</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>earch path for font metric + (<literal>.tfm</literal>) + files.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>TEXFORMATS</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pdftex;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>TEXFORMATS</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Search path for format files.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>TEXPOOL</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pdftex;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>TEXPOOL</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Search path for <command>pdfinitex</command> + internal strings.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>TEXEDIT</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pdftex;</primary> + <secondary>Environment</secondary> + <tertiary>TEXEDIT</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Command template for switching to editor. + The default, usually <command>vi</command>, is set when + &pdftex; is compiled.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + </section> + +</chapter> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-tex.xml b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-tex.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..71d4c8cf3b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-tex.xml @@ -0,0 +1,13614 @@ +<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?> + +<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" +[ + <!ENTITY % tex-refs-ent SYSTEM "tex-refs.ent" > +%tex-refs-ent; +]> + +<!-- $Id: tex-refs-chapter-tex.xml 146 2005-05-14 15:34:22Z mw $ --> + +<chapter id="tex" lang="en"> + <title id="tex-title">&tex;</title> + + <section id="plaintex"> + <title id="plaintex-title">&plaintex;</title> + <indexterm><primary>PlainTeX</primary></indexterm> + + <section id="plaintex-ovw"> + + <title id="plaintex-ovw-title">&overview;</title> + <para>For a really excellent reference of all &tex; primitive + control sequences see David Bausum's<indexterm><primary>People</primary><secondary>Bausum, David</secondary></indexterm> + <ulink url="http://www.tug.org/utilities/plain/cseq.html"> + <emphasis>&tex; Primitive Control Sequences</emphasis></ulink>. + </para> + </section> + </section> + + + <section id="latex"><title>&latex;</title> + + <note> + <para>The original file <filename>latex2e.texi</filename> contains + the following copyright and permission notice: + </para> + <para> + <quote>Permission is granted to make and distribute + verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright + notice and this permission notice are preserved on all + copies.</quote> + </para> + <para> + <quote>Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified + versions of this manual under the conditions for verbatim + copying, provided that the entire resulting derived work is + distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical + to this one.</quote> + </para> + </note> + + <section id="opt-latex"> + <title id="opt-latex-title">Options</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <para>&latex; understands the following command line options.</para> + + <section id="opt-latex-file-line-error-style"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-file-line-error-style</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-file-line-error-style</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Print error messages in the form + <literal>file:line:error</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-fmt"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-fmt=FMTNAME</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-fmt=FMTNAME</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Use <literal>FMTMAME</literal> instead of program name + or a %& line. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-ini"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-ini</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-ini</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Be <command>initex</command>, for dumping formats; this + is implicitly true if the program is called as + <command>initex</command>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-interaction mode"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-interaction=STRING</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-interaction=STRING</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Set interaction mode + (<literal>STRING=batchmode/nonstopmode/scrollmode/errorstopmode</literal>). + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-ipc"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-ipc</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-ipc</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Send DVI output to a socket as well as the usual output file. + </para> + <para>Note: not available on all systems.</para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-ipc-start"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-ipc-start</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-ipc-start</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>As <literal>-ipc</literal>, and also start the server at the + other end. + </para> + <para>Note: not available on all systems.</para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-jobname-name"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-jobname=STRING</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-jobname=STRING</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Set the job name to <literal>STRING</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-kpathsea-debug"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-kpathsea-debug=NUMBER</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-kpathsea-debug=NUMBER</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Sets path searching debugging flags according to the + bits of <literal>NUMBER</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-no-maketex"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">[-no]-maketex=FMT</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>pdfTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>[-no]-maketex=FMT</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Disable/enable <command>mktexFMT</command> generation + (FMT=tex/tfm). + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-mltex"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-mltex</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-mltex</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Enable MLTeX extensions such as <literal>\charsubdef</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-output-comment"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-output-comment=STRING</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-output-comment=STRING</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> use <literal>STRING</literal> for DVI file comment instead of date. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-parse-first-line"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-parse-first-line</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-parse-first-line</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Parse of the first line of the input file. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-progname"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-progname=STRING</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-progname=STRING</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Set program (and fmt) name to <literal>STRING</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-recorder"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-recorder</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-recorder</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Enable filename recorder. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-shell-escape"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-shell-escape</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-shell-escape</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Enable <literal>\write18{SHELL COMMAND}</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-src-specials"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-src-specials</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-src-specials</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Insert source specials into the DVI file. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-src-specials-where"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-src-specials=WHERE</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-src-specials=WHERE</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Insert source specials in certain places of + the DVI file. <literal>WHERE</literal> is a comma-separated + value list: <literal>cr display hbox math par parend vbox</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-translate-file-tcxname"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-translate-file=TCXNAME</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-translate-file=TCXNAME</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Use the <literal>TCX</literal> file <literal>TCXNAME</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-help"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-help</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-help</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Display this help and exit. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="opt-latex-version"> + <title><filename role="nohyphenation">-version</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>LaTeX</primary> + <secondary>Options</secondary> + <tertiary>-version</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Output version information and exit. + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + + <section id="overview"> + <title id="overview-title">&overview; of &latex; and + Local Guide + </title> + <indexterm><primary>&overview; of LaTeX</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>LaTeX overview</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The &latex; command typesets a file of text using the &tex; + program and the &latex; Macro package for &tex;. To be more + specific, it processes an input file containing the text + of a document with interspersed commands that + describe how the text should be formatted. It produces at + least three files as output: + </para> + <orderedlist> + <listitem> + <para>A <emphasis>Device Independent</emphasis>, or + <filename>.dvi</filename> file. This contains + commands that can be translated into + commands for a variety of output devices. You + can view the output of &latex; by using a program such as + <literal>xdvi</literal>, + which actually uses the <filename>.dvi</filename> file. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para>A <emphasis>transcript</emphasis> or + <filename>.log</filename> file + that contains summary information and + diagnostic messages for any errors discovered in the input file. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para>An <emphasis>auxiliary</emphasis> or + <filename>.aux</filename> file. This is used by &latex; itself, for things such as sectioning. + </para> + </listitem> + </orderedlist> + + <para>For a description of what goes on inside &tex;, you should consult + <citetitle>The TeXbook</citetitle> by Donald E. Knuth, + ISBN 0-201-13448-9, published jointly by the American + Mathematical Society and Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. + </para> + <para>For a description of &latex;, you should consult: + </para> + <para><citetitle>&latex;: A Document Preparation System</citetitle>, + by Leslie Lamport,<indexterm><primary>People</primary><secondary>Lamport, Leslie</secondary></indexterm> Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 2nd edition, 1994. + </para> + <para><citetitle>The &latex; Companion</citetitle>, + by Michel + Goossens,<indexterm><primary>People</primary><secondary>Goossens, Michel</secondary></indexterm> Frank Mittelbach, <indexterm><primary>People</primary><secondary>Mittelbach, Frank</secondary></indexterm> and Alexander Samarin,<indexterm><primary>People</primary><secondary>Samarin, Alexander</secondary></indexterm> Addison-Wesley, 1994. + </para> + + </section> + + + <section id="commands"> + <title id="commands-title">Commands</title> + + <para>A &latex; command begins with the command name, + which consists of a <literal>\</literal> followed by + either (a) a string of letters or (b) a single non-letter. + Arguments contained in square brackets, + <literal>[]</literal>, + are optional while arguments + contained in braces, <literal>{}</literal>, are required. + </para> + <para>NOTE: &latex; is case sensitive. Enter all commands + in lower case unless explicitly directed to do otherwise. + </para> + + + <section id="counters"> + <title id="counters-title">Counters</title> + <indexterm><primary>Counters, a list of</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Variables, a list of</primary></indexterm> + + <para>Everything &latex; numbers for you has a counter associated + with it. The name of the counter is the same as the name of + the environment or command that produces the number, except + with no <literal>\</literal> (<literal>enumi</literal> - + <literal>enumiv</literal> are used for + the nested enumerate environment). Below is a list + of the counters used in &latex;'s standard document + classes to control numbering. + </para> + <programlisting> +part paragraph figure enumi +chapter subparagraph table enumii +section page footnote enumiii +subsection equation mpfootnote enumiv +subsubsection</programlisting> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-addtocounter"><literal>\addtocounter</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\addtocounter{counter}{value}</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\addtocounter</literal> command increments + the <literal>counter</literal> by the + amount specified by the <literal>value</literal> argument. + The <literal>value</literal> argument can be negative. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-alph-title"><literal>\alph{counter}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\alph</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\Alph</primary></indexterm> + + <para>This command causes the value of the + <literal>counter</literal> to be printed in + alphabetic characters. The <literal>\alph</literal> command + uses lower case alphabetic alphabetic characters, i.e., + <literal>a, b, c...</literal> while the + <literal>\Alph</literal> command uses upper case alphabetic + characters, i.e., + <literal>A, B, C...</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-arabic-title"><literal>\arabic{counter}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\arabic</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\arabic</literal> command causes the + value of the <literal>counter</literal> to be + printed in Arabic numbers, i.e., <literal>3</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-fnsymbol-title"><literal>\fnsymbol{counter}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\fnsymbol</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\fnsymbol</literal> command causes the + value of the <literal>counter</literal> to + be printed in a specific sequence of nine symbols that + can be used for numbering footnotes. + </para> + + <para>NB. <literal>counter</literal> must have a value + between 1 and 9 inclusive. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-newcounter-title"><literal>\newcounter{foo}[counter]</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\newcounter</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Counters, creating</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\newcounter</literal> command defines a new + counter named <literal>foo</literal>. + The counter is initialized to zero. + </para> + <para>The optional argument <literal>[counter]</literal> + causes the counter <literal>foo</literal> to be reset + whenever the counter named in the optional argument is + incremented. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-refstepcounter-title"><literal>\refstepcounter{counter}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\refstepcounter</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\refstepcounter</literal> command works + like <literal>\stepcounter</literal>. + See <link linkend="cmd-stepcounter-title">\stepcounter</link>, + except it also defines the current <literal>\ref</literal> + value to be the result of <literal>\thecounter</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-roman-title"><literal>\roman{counter}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\roman</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\Roman</primary></indexterm> + + <para>This command causes the value of the + <literal>counter</literal> to be printed in + Roman numerals. The <literal>\roman</literal> command + uses lower case Roman + numerals, i.e., <literal>i, ii, iii...</literal>, while + the <literal>\Roman</literal> command + uses upper case Roman numerals, i.e., + <literal>I, II, III...</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-stepcounter-title"><literal>\stepcounter{counter}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\stepcounter</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\stepcounter</literal> command adds + one to the <literal>counter</literal> and + resets all subsidiary counters. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-setcounter-title"><literal>\setcounter{counter}{value}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\setcounter</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Counters, setting</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\setcounter</literal> command sets the + value of the <literal>counter</literal> to + that specified by the <literal>value</literal> argument. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-usecounter-title"><literal>\usecounter{counter}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\usecounter</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\usecounter</literal> command is used in + the second argument of the + <literal>list</literal> environment to allow the counter + specified to be used to number the list items. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-value-title"><literal>\value{counter}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\value</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Counters, getting the value of</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\value</literal> command produces the + value of the <literal>counter</literal> named + in the mandatory argument. It can be used where &latex; + expects an integer or number, such as the second + argument of a <literal>\setcounter</literal> + or <literal>\addtocounter</literal> command, or in: + </para> +<programlisting> +\hspace{\value{foo}\parindent}</programlisting> + + <para>It is useful for doing arithmetic with counters.</para> + + </section> + + <section id="cross-references"> + <title id="cross-references-title">Cross References</title> + <indexterm><primary>Cross referencing</primary></indexterm> + + <para>One reason for numbering things like figures and + equations is to refer the reader to them, as in + <emphasis>See Figure 3 for more details.</emphasis> + A smarter version of the cross reference commands + is available in the package + <link linkend="varioref"><literal>varioref</literal></link>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-label-title"><literal>\label{key}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\label</primary></indexterm> + + <para>A <literal>\label</literal> command appearing in + ordinary text assigns to the + <literal>key</literal> the number of the current sectional + unit; one appearing + inside a numbered environment assigns that number to the + <literal>key</literal>. + </para> + <para>A <literal>key</literal> can consist of any sequence + of letters, digits, or punctuation characters. + Upper and lowercase letters are different. + </para> + <para>To avoid accidentally creating two labels with the same + name, it is common to use labels consisting of a prefix and + a suffix separated by a colon. The prefixes + conventionally used are + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>cha</literal> for chapters</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>sec</literal> + for lower-level sectioning commands + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>fig</literal> for figures + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>tab</literal> for tables + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>eq</literal> for equations + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>Thus, a label for a figure would look like + <literal>fig:bandersnatch</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-pageref"><literal>\pageref{key}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\pageref</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Cross referencing using page number</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\pageref</literal> command produces the + page number of the place in the + text where the corresponding <literal>\label</literal> + command appears. ie. where + <literal>\label{key}</literal> appears. + For a smart version see + <link linkend="cmd-vpageref"><literal>\vpageref</literal></link>. + </para> + + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-ref-title"><literal>\ref{key}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\ref</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Cross referencing using section number</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\ref</literal> command produces the + number of the sectional unit, + equation number, ... of the corresponding + <literal>\label</literal> command. For a smart + version see <link linkend="cmd-vref">\vref</link>. + </para> + + </section> + + <section id="definitions"> + <title id="definitions-title">Definitions</title> + + <!-- FIXME: workaround for following bridgehead--> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-newcommand-title"><literal>\newcommand</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\newcommand</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Commands, defining new ones</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Defining a new command</primary></indexterm> + +<programlisting> +\newcommand{cmd}[args]{definition} +\newcommand{cmd}[args][default]{definition} +\renewcommand{cmd}[args]{definition} +\renewcommand{cmd}[args][default]{definition}</programlisting> + + <para>These commands define (or redefine) a command.</para> + <table frame="none"> + <title>Options for <literal>\newcommand</literal></title> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row role="db2latex:rowvspace" rowsep="0"> + <entry>cmd</entry> + <entry>A command name beginning with a + <literal>\</literal>. For + <literal>\newcommand</literal> it + must not be already defined and must not begin + with <literal>\end</literal>; for + <literal>\renewcommand</literal> it must already + be defined. + </entry> + </row> + <row role="db2latex:rowvspace" rowsep="0"> + <entry>args</entry> + <entry>An integer from 1 to 9 denoting the number of + arguments of the command being defined. + The default is for the command to have no arguments. + </entry> + </row> + <row role="db2latex:rowvspace" rowsep="0"> + <entry>def</entry> + <entry>If this optional parameter is present, it + means that the command's first argument is + optional. The default value of the optional + argument is <literal>def</literal>. + </entry> + </row> + <row role="db2latex:rowvspace" rowsep="0"> + <entry>definition</entry> + <entry>The text to be substituted for every + occurrence of <literal>cmd</literal>; a + parameter of the form <literal>#n</literal> in + <literal>cmd</literal> is replaced by the text of + the nth argument when this substitution takes place. + </entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-newenvironment-title"><literal>\newenvironment</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\newenvironment</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Environments, defining</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Defining new environments</primary></indexterm> + +<programlisting> +\newenvironment{nam}[args]{begdef}{enddef} +\newenvironment{nam}[args][default]{begdef}{enddef} +\renewenvironment{nam}[args]{begdef}{enddef}</programlisting> + + <para>These commands define or redefine an environment.</para> + <table frame="none"> + <title>Options for <literal>\newenvironment</literal></title> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>nam</entry> + <entry>The name of the environment. For + <literal>\newenvironment</literal> there must be + no currently defined environment by that name, + and the command + <literal>\nam</literal> must be undefined. + For <literal>\renewenvironment</literal> the + environment must already be defined. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>args</entry> + <entry>An integer from 1 to 9 denoting the number + of arguments of the newly-defined environment. + The default is no arguments. Arguments can only + be used in te <literal>{begdef}</literal> part. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>default</entry> + <entry>If this is specified, the first argument is + optional, and <literal>default</literal> + gives the default value for that argument. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>begdef</entry> + <entry>The text substituted for every occurrence of + <literal>\begin{nam}</literal>; a + parameter of the form <literal>#n</literal> in + <literal>cmd</literal> is replaced by the text of + the nth argument when this substitution takes place. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>enddef</entry> + <entry>The text substituted for every occurrence + of <literal>\end{nam}</literal>. It may + not contain any argument parameters. + </entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-newtheorem-title"><literal>\newtheorem</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\newtheorem</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Theorems, defining</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Defining new theorems</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting>\newtheorem{env_name}{caption}[within] +\newtheorem{env_name}[numbered_like]{caption}</programlisting> + + <para>This command defines a theorem-like environment.</para> + <table frame="none"> + <title>Options for <literal>\newtheorem</literal></title> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>env_name</entry> + <entry>The name of the environment to be defined. + A string of letters. It must + not be the name of an existing environment or counter. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>caption</entry> + <entry>The text printed at the beginning of the + environment, right before the + number. This may simply say + <emphasis>Theorem</emphasis>, for example. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>within</entry> + <entry>The name of an already defined counter, usually + of a sectional unit. Provides a means of + resetting the new theorem counter + <emphasis role="bold">within</emphasis> + the sectional unit. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>numbered_like</entry> + <entry>The name of an already defined theorem-like environment. + </entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + <para>The <literal>\newtheorem</literal> command may have at + most one optional argument. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-newfont-title"><literal>\newfont</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\newfont</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Fonts, new commands for</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Defining new fonts</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\newfont{cmd}{font_name}</literal> + </para> + <para>Defines the command name <literal>cmd</literal>, which + must not be currently + defined, to be a declaration that selects the font named + <literal>font_name</literal> to be the current font. + </para> + + </section> + + <section id="document-classes"> + <title id="document-classes-title">Document Classes</title> + <indexterm><primary>Document Classes</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Classes of document</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>article class</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>report class</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>book class</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>letter class</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\documentclass</primary></indexterm> + + <para>Valid &latex; document classes include: + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem><simpara>article</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara>report</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara>letter</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara>book</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara>slides</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>Other document classes are often available. + See <link linkend="overview">&overview;</link>, for details. + They are selected with the following command: + </para> + <para><literal>\documentclass [options] {class}</literal> + </para> + <para>All the standard classes (except slides) accept the + following options + for selecting the typeface size + (<literal>10pt</literal> is default): + </para> + <para><literal>10pt, 11pt, 12pt</literal></para> + <para>All classes accept these options for selecting the + paper size (default is letter): + </para> + <para>a4paper, a5paper, b5paper, letterpaper, legalpaper, + executivepaper + </para> + <para>Miscellaneous options: + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>landscape --- selects landscape format. + Default is portrait. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>titlepage, notitlepage --- selects if there should + be a separate title page. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>leqno --- equation number on left side of equations. + Default is right side. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>fleqn --- displayed formulas flush left. + Default is centered. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>openbib --- use <emphasis>open</emphasis> + bibliography format. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>draft, final --- mark/do not mark overfull + boxes with a rule. Default is final. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>These options are not available with the slides class: + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>oneside, twoside --- selects one- or twosided + layout. Default is + oneside, except for the book class. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>openright, openany --- determines if a chapter + should start on a + right-hand page. Default is openright for book. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>onecolumn, twocolumn --- one or two columns. + Defaults to one column. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>The slides class offers the option + <literal>clock</literal> for printing the time at + the bottom of each note. + </para> + <para>If you specify more than one option, they must be + separated by a comma. + </para> + <para>Additional packages are loaded by a + </para> + <para id="usepackage-linkend"> + <literal>\usepackage[options]{pkg}</literal> + <indexterm><primary>\usepackage</primary></indexterm> + </para> + <para>command. If you specify more than one package, they + must be separated by a comma. + <indexterm><primary>Packages, loading</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Loading additional packages</primary></indexterm> + </para> + <para>Any options given in the <literal>\documentclass</literal> + command that are unknown + by the selected document class are passed on to the packages + loaded with <literal>\usepackage</literal>. + <indexterm><primary>Global options</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Options, global</primary></indexterm> + </para> + + <indexterm><primary>Layout commands</primary></indexterm> + + </section> + + <section id="layout"> + <title id="layout-title">Layout</title> + + <para>Miscellaneous commands for controlling the general + layout of the page. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-flushbottom-title"><literal>\flushbottom</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\flushbottom</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\flushbottom</literal> declaration makes + all text pages the same + height, adding extra vertical space when necessary to fill + out the page. + </para> + <para>This is the standard if twocolumn mode is selected. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-onecolumn-title"><literal>\onecolumn</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\onecolumn</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\onecolumn</literal> declaration starts + a new page and produces single-column output. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-raggedbottom-title"><literal>\raggedbottom</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\raggedbottom</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\raggedbottom</literal> declaration + makes all pages the height of the + text on that page. No extra vertical space is added. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-twocolumn-title"><literal>\twocolumn</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\twocolumn</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Multicolumn text</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\twocolumn[text]</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\twocolumn</literal> declaration starts + a new page and produces + two-column output. If the optional <literal>text</literal> + argument is present, it + is typeset in one-column mode. + </para> + + </section> + + <!-- FIXME --> + + <section id="env-latex"> + <title id="env-latex-title">Environments</title> + <indexterm><primary>Environments</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\begin</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\end</primary></indexterm> + + <para>&latex; provides a number of different paragraph-making + environments. + Each environment begins and ends in the same manner. + </para> + <programlisting> +\begin{environment-name} + . + . + . +\end{environment-name}</programlisting> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-array">array</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>Arrays, math</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>array</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{array}{col1col2...coln} +column 1 entry & column 2 entry ... & column n entry \\ + . + . + . +\end{array}</programlisting> + + <para>Math arrays are produced with the array environment. + It has a single + mandatory argument describing the number of columns and + the alignment within them. Each column, + <literal>coln</literal>, is specified by a single letter + that tells how items in that row should be formatted. + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>c</literal> --- for centered + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>l</literal> --- for flush left + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>r</literal> --- for flush right + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>Column entries must be separated by an + <literal>&</literal>. Column entries may + include other &latex; commands. Each row of the array + must be terminated + with the string <literal>\\</literal>. + </para> + <para>Note that the <literal>array</literal> environment + can only be used in math mode, so + normally it is used inside an <literal>equation</literal> + environment. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-center"><literal>center</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>center</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Centering text, environment for</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{center} +Text on line 1 \\ +Text on line 2 \\ + . + . + . +\end{center}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>center</literal> environment allows you to + create a paragraph consisting of lines that are + centered within the left and right margins on + the current page. Each line must be terminated with the string + <literal>\\</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-centering"><literal>\centering</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\centering</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Centering text</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Formatting Text</primary></indexterm> + + <para>This declaration corresponds to the + <literal>center</literal> environment. This + declaration can be used inside an environment such as + <literal>quote</literal> or in + a <literal>parbox</literal>. The text of a figure or + table can be centered on the + page by putting a <literal>\centering</literal> command + at the beginning of the + figure or table environment. + </para> + <para>Unlike the <literal>center</literal> environment, + the <literal>\centering</literal> command does + not start a new paragraph; it simply changes how &latex; + formats paragraph + units. To affect a paragraph unit's format, the scope of the + declaration must contain the blank line or + <literal>\end</literal> command (of an + environment like quote) that ends the paragraph unit. + </para> + + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-description"><literal>description</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>description</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Labelled lists, creating</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{description} +\item [label] First item +\item [label] Second item + . + . + . +\end{description}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>description</literal> environment is + used to make labelled lists. The + <literal>label</literal> is bold face and flushed right. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-enumerate"><literal>enumerate</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>enumerate</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Lists of items, numbered</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{enumerate} +\item First item +\item Second item + . + . + . +\end{enumerate}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>enumerate</literal> environment produces + a numbered list. Enumerations can be nested within + one another, up to four levels deep. They can also be + nested within other paragraph-making environments. + </para> + <para>Each item of an enumerated list begins with an + <literal>\item</literal> command. + There must be at least one <literal>\item</literal> + command within the environment. + </para> + <para>The <literal>enumerate</literal> environment uses the + <literal>enumi</literal> through + <literal>enumiv</literal> counters + (see <link linkend="counters">Counters</link>). + The type of numbering can be + changed by redefining <literal>\theenumi</literal> etc. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-eqnarray"><literal>eqnarray</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>eqnarray</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Equations, aligning</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Aligning Equations</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{eqnarray} +math formula 1 \\ +math formula 2 \\ + . + . + . +\end{eqnarray}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>eqnarray</literal> environment is used + to display a sequence of + equations or inequalities. It is very much like a three-column + <literal>array</literal> environment, with consecutive + rows separated by <literal>\\</literal> + and consecutive items within a row separated by an + <literal>&</literal>. + </para> + <para>An equation number is placed on every line unless that + line has a <literal>\nonumber</literal> command. + </para> + <indexterm><primary>\lefteqn</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The command <literal>\lefteqn</literal> is used for + splitting long formulas across + lines. It typesets its argument in display style flush + left in a box of zero width. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-equation"><literal>equation</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>equation</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Equations, environment for</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Formulae, environment for</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{equation} + math formula +\end{equation}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>equation</literal> environment centers + your equation on the page and places + the equation number in the right margin. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-figure"><literal>figure</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>figure</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Inserting figures</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{figure}[placement] + + body of the figure + +\caption{figure title} +\end{figure}</programlisting> + + <indexterm><primary>\caption</primary></indexterm> + <para>Figures are objects that are not part of the + normal text, and are + usually <emphasis>floated</emphasis> to a convenient + place, like the top of a page. + Figures will not be split between two pages. + </para> + <para>The optional argument <literal>[placement]</literal> + determines where &latex; will try + to place your figure. There are four places where + &latex; can possibly put a float: + </para> + <orderedlist> + <listitem> + <para><literal>h</literal> (Here) - at the position + in the text where the figure + environment appears. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para><literal>t</literal> (Top) - at the top of a text page. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para><literal>b</literal> (Bottom) - at the bottom + of a text page. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para><literal>p</literal> (Page of floats) - on a + separate float page, which is a page + containing no text, only floats. + </para> + </listitem> + </orderedlist> + + <para>The standard report and article classes use the + default placement <literal>tbp</literal>. + </para> + <para>The body of the figure is made up of whatever text, + &latex; commands, etc. + you wish. The <literal>\caption</literal> command + allows you to title your figure. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-flushleft"><literal>flushleft</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>flushleft</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Left-justifying text, environment for</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Ragged right text, environment for</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{flushleft} +Text on line 1 \\ +Text on line 2 \\ + . + . + . +\end{flushleft}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>flushleft</literal> environment allows + you to create a paragraph + consisting of lines that are flushed left, to the + left-hand margin. + Each line must be terminated with the string + <literal>\\</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-raggedright"><literal>\raggedright</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\raggedright</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Ragged right text</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Left-justifying text</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Justification, ragged right</primary></indexterm> + + <para>This declaration corresponds to the + <literal>flushleft</literal> environment. This + declaration can be used inside an environment such + as <literal>quote</literal> or in + a <literal>parbox</literal>. + </para> + <para>Unlike the <literal>flushleft</literal> + environment, the <literal>\raggedright</literal> command + does not start a new paragraph; it simply changes + how &latex; formats + paragraph units. To affect a paragraph unit's format, + the scope of the + declaration must contain the blank line or + <literal>\end</literal> command (of an + environment like quote) that ends the paragraph unit. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-flushright"><literal>flushright</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>flushright</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Ragged left text, environment for</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Right-justifying text, environment for</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{flushright} +Text on line 1 \\ +Text on line 2 \\ + . + . + . +\end{flushright}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>flushright</literal> environment allows + you to create a paragraph + consisting of lines that are flushed right, to the + right-hand margin. Each line must be terminated with + the string <literal>\\</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-raggedleft"><literal>\raggedleft</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\raggedleft</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Ragged left text</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Justification, ragged left</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Right-justifying text</primary></indexterm> + + <para>This declaration corresponds to the + <literal>flushright</literal> environment. This + declaration can be used inside an environment such as + <literal>quote</literal> or in + a <literal>parbox</literal>. + </para> + <para>Unlike the <literal>flushright</literal> + environment, the <literal>\raggedleft</literal> command + does not start a new paragraph; it simply changes + how &latex; formats + paragraph units. To affect a paragraph unit's format, + the scope of the + declaration must contain the blank line or + <literal>\end</literal> command (of an + environment like quote) that ends the paragraph unit. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-itemize"><literal>itemize</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>itemize</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\item</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Lists of items</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{itemize} +\item First item +\item Second item + . + . + . +\end{itemize}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>itemize</literal> environment produces + a <emphasis>bulleted</emphasis> list. Itemizations + can be nested within one another, up to four levels deep. + They can also + be nested within other paragraph-making environments. + </para> + <para>Each item of an <literal>itemized</literal> list + begins with an <literal>\item</literal> command. + There must be at least one <literal>\item</literal> + command within the environment. + </para> + <para>The <literal>itemize</literal> environment uses the + <literal>itemi</literal> through + <literal>itemiv</literal> counters (see + <link linkend="counters">Counters</link>). The type of + numbering can be + changed by redefining <literal>\theitemi</literal> etc. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-letter"><literal>letter</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>letter</primary></indexterm> + + <para>This environment is used for creating letters. + See <link linkend="letters">Letters</link>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-list"><literal>list</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>list</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Lists of items, generic</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>list</literal> environment is a generic + environment which is used for + defining many of the more specific environments. It is + seldom used in documents, but often in macros. + </para> + <programlisting> +\begin{list}{label}{spacing} +\item First item +\item Second item + . + . + . +\end{list}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>{label}</literal> argument specifies how + items should be labelled. + This argument is a piece of text that is inserted in a box + to form the label. This argument can and usually does + contain other &latex; commands. + </para> + <para>The <literal>{spacing}</literal> argument contains + commands to change the spacing + parameters for the list. This argument will most often + be null, i.e., + <literal>{}</literal>. This will select all default + spacing which should suffice + for most cases. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-minipage"><literal>minipage</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>minipage</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Footnotes in figures</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Figures, footnotes in</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Minipage, creating a</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{minipage}[position][height][inner-pos]{width} + text +\end{minipage}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>minipage</literal> environment is similar + to a <literal>\parbox</literal> command. + It takes the same optional <literal>position</literal> + argument and mandatory + <literal>width</literal> argument. You may use other + paragraph-making environments + inside a minipage. + </para> + <para>Footnotes in a <literal>minipage</literal> environment + are handled in a way that is + particularly useful for putting footnotes in figures or + tables. + A <literal>\footnote</literal> or + <literal>\footnotetext</literal> command puts the footnote at + the bottom of the minipage instead of at the bottom of the + page, and it + uses the <literal>mpfootnote</literal> counter instead of + the ordinary + <literal>footnote</literal> counter See + <link linkend="counters">Counters</link>. + </para> + <para>NOTE: Don't put one minipage inside another if you are + using footnotes; + they may wind up at the bottom of the wrong minipage. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-picture"><literal>picture</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>picture</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Creating pictures</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Pictures, creating</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{picture}(width,height)(x offset,y offset) + . + . + picture commands + . + . +\end{picture}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>picture</literal> environment allows you + to create just about any kind + of picture you want containing text, lines, arrows and + circles. You tell &latex; where to put things in the picture + by specifying their coordinates. A coordinate is a number + that may have a decimal point and a minus sign --- a number + like <literal>5</literal>, <literal>2.3</literal> or + <literal>-3.1416</literal>. A coordinate specifies a length + in multiples of the unit length + <literal>\unitlength</literal>, so if + <literal>\unitlength</literal> has been set to + <literal>1cm</literal>, + then the coordinate 2.54 specifies a length of + 2.54 centimetres. You can change the value of + <literal>\unitlength</literal> anywhere you want, using the + <literal>\setlength</literal> command, but strange things + will happen if you try + changing it inside the picture environment. + </para> + <para>A position is a pair of coordinates, such as + <literal>(2.4,-5)</literal>, specifying + the point with x-coordinate <literal>2.4</literal> + and y-coordinate <literal>-5</literal>. + Coordinates are specified in the usual way with + respect to an origin, which is normally at the + lower-left corner of the picture. Note that + when a position appears as an argument, it is + not enclosed in braces; + the parentheses serve to delimit the argument. + </para> + <para>The <literal>picture</literal> environment has one + mandatory argument, which is a + <literal>position</literal>. It specifies the size of + the picture. The environment + produces a rectangular box with width and height determined + by this argument's x- and y-coordinates. + </para> + <para>The <literal>picture</literal> environment also has + an optional <literal>position</literal> + argument, following the <literal>size</literal> argument, + that can change the + origin. (Unlike ordinary optional arguments, this argument + is not contained in square brackets.) The optional + argument gives the coordinates of the point at the + lower-left corner of the picture (thereby determining + the origin). For example, if <literal>\unitlength</literal> + has been set to <literal>1mm</literal>, the command + <programlisting> +\begin{picture}(100,200)(10,20)</programlisting> + produces a picture of width 100 millimetres and height 200 + millimetres, whose lower-left corner is the point (10,20) + and whose upper-right corner is therefore the point + (110,220). When you first draw a picture, you will + omit the optional argument, leaving the origin + at the lower-left corner. If you then want to modify + your picture by shifting everything, you just add the + appropriate optional argument. + </para> + <para>The environment's mandatory argument determines the + nominal size of the picture. This need bear no relation + to how large the picture really is; + &latex; will happily allow you to put things outside the + picture, or even off the page. The picture's nominal + size is used by &latex; in determining + how much room to leave for it. + </para> + <para>Everything that appears in a picture is drawn by + the <literal>\put</literal> + command. The command + <programlisting> +\put (11.3,-.3){...}</programlisting> + puts the object specified by <literal>...</literal> + in the picture, with its + reference point at coordinates (11.3,-.3). + The reference points for + various objects will be described below. + </para> + <para>The <literal>\put</literal> command creates an + <emphasis role="bold">LR box</emphasis>. You can put anything + in the text argument of the <literal>\put</literal> + command that you'd put into the + argument of an <literal>\mbox</literal> and related + commands. When you do this, the + reference point will be the lower left corner of the box. + </para> + <para>Picture commands: + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-circle"><literal>\circle{diameter}, \circle*{diameter}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\circle</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\circle</literal> command produces a + circle with a diameter as close to + the specified one as possible. If the + <literal>*</literal>-form of the command is + used, &latex; draws a solid circle. + </para> + <para>Note that only circles up to 40 pt can be drawn. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-dashbox"><literal>\dashbox</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\dashbox</primary></indexterm> + + <para>Draws a box with a dashed line. + </para> + <para><literal>\dashbox{dash_length}(width,height){...}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\dashbox</literal> has an extra + argument which specifies the width of + each dash. A dashed box looks best when the + <literal>width</literal> and + <literal>height</literal> are multiples of the + <literal>dash_length</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-frame"><literal>\frame{...}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\frame</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\frame</literal> command puts a + rectangular frame around the object + specified in the argument. The reference point + is the bottom left corner of the frame. No extra + space is put between the frame and the object. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-framebox-op-picture-cp"><literal>\framebox(width,height)[position]{...}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\framebox</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\framebox</literal> command is exactly + the same as the <literal>\makebox</literal> + command, except that it puts a frame around the + outside of the box that it creates. + </para> + <para>The <literal>framebox</literal> command produces + a rule of thickness + <literal>\fboxrule</literal>, and leaves a space + <literal>\fboxsep</literal> between the rule + and the contents of the box. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-line"><literal>\line(x slope,y slope){length}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\line</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\line</literal> command draws a + line of the specified <literal>length</literal> and + <literal>slope</literal>. + </para> + <para>Note that &latex; can only draw lines with + slope = x/y, where x and y + have integer values from -6 through 6. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-linethickness"><literal>\linethickness{dimension}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\linethickness</primary></indexterm> + + <para>Declares the thickness of horizontal and vertical + lines in a picture + environment to be <literal>dimension</literal>, + which must be a positive length. It + does not affect the thickness of slanted lines + and circles, or the quarter circles drawn by + <literal>\oval</literal> to form the corners of an oval. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-makebox-op-picture-cp"><literal>\makebox(width,height)[position]{...}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\makebox (picture)</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\makebox</literal> command for the + picture environment is similar to + the normal <literal>\makebox</literal> command except + that you must specify a + <literal>width</literal> and <literal>height</literal> + in multiples of <literal>\unitlength</literal>. + </para> + <para>The optional argument, <literal>[position]</literal>, + specifies the quadrant that your text appears in. + You may select up to two of the following: + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>t</literal> - Moves the item to the + top of the rectangle + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>b</literal> - Moves the item to the bottom + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>l</literal> - Moves the item to the left + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>r</literal> - Moves the item to the right + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>See <link linkend="cmd-makebox">\makebox</link>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-multiput"><literal>\multiput(x coord,y coord)(delta x,delta y){number of copies}{object}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\multiput</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\multiput</literal> command can be + used when you are putting the same + object in a regular pattern across a picture. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-oval"><literal>\oval(width,height)[portion]</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\oval</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\oval</literal> command produces + a rectangle with rounded corners. The + optional argument, <literal>[portion]</literal>, + allows you to select part of the + oval. + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>t</literal> - Selects the top portion + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>b</literal> - Selects the bottom portion + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>r</literal> - Selects the right portion + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>l</literal> - Selects the left portion + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>Note that the <emphasis>corners</emphasis> of + the oval are made + with quarter circles with + a maximum radius of 20 pt, so large + <emphasis>ovals</emphasis> will + look more like boxes with rounded corners. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-put"><literal>\put(x coord,y coord){ ... }</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\put</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\put</literal> command places the + item specified by the mandatory + argument at the given coordinates. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-shortstack"><literal>\shortstack[position]{... \\ ... \\ ...}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\shortstack</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\shortstack</literal> command produces + a stack of objects. The valid + positions are: + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>r</literal> - Moves the objects to the + right of the stack + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>l</literal> - Moves the objects to + the left of the stack + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>c</literal> - Moves the objects to + the centre of the stack (default) + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-vector"><literal>\vector(x slope,y slope){length}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\vector</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\vector</literal> command draws a + line with an arrow of the specified + length and slope. The <literal>x</literal> and + <literal>y</literal> values must lie between -4 + and +4, inclusive. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-quotation"><literal>quotation</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>quotation</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Quoted text with paragraph indentation, displaying</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Displaying quoted text with paragraph indentation</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{quotation} + text +\end{quotation}</programlisting> + + <para>The margins of the <literal>quotation</literal> + environment are indented on the left + and the right. The text is justified at both margins + and there is paragraph indentation. Leaving a blank + line between text produces a new paragraph. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-quote"><literal>quote</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>quote</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Quoted text, displaying</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Displaying quoted text</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{quote} + text +\end{quote}</programlisting> + + <para>The margins of the <literal>quote</literal> + environment are indented on the left and + the right. The text is justified at both margins. + Leaving a blank line between text produces a new paragraph. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-tabbing"><literal>tabbing</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>tabbing</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Tab stops, using</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Lining text up in columns using tab stops</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting>\begin{tabbing} +text \= more text \= still more text \= last text \\ +second row \> \> more \\ + . + . + . +\end{tabbing}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>tabbing</literal> environment provides + a way to align text in columns. + It works by setting tab stops and tabbing to them much + the way you do + with an ordinary typewriter. + </para> + <para>It is best suited for cases where the width of each + column is constant and known in advance. + </para> + <para>This environment can be broken across pages, + unlike the <literal>tabular</literal> + environment. + </para> + <para>The following commands can be used inside a + <literal>tabbing</literal> environment: + </para> + <table frame="none"> + <title>Commands in a <literal>tabbing</literal> environment</title> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\= + <indexterm><primary>\=</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + Sets a tab stop at the current position. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\> + <indexterm><primary>\></primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + Advances to the next tab stop. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\< + <indexterm><primary>\< </primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + This command allows you to put something to the + left of the + local margin without changing the margin. + Can only be used at the start of the line. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\+ + <indexterm><primary>\+</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + Moves the left margin of the next and all the + following commands one tab stop to the right. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\- + <indexterm><primary>\- (tabbing) </primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + Moves the left margin of the next and all the + following commands one tab stop to the left. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\' + <indexterm><primary>\' (tabbing)</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + Moves everything that you have typed so far in the + current column, i.e. everything from the most recent + <literal>\></literal>, + <literal>\<</literal>, <literal>\'</literal>, + <literal>\\</literal>, or <literal>\kill</literal> + command, to the right + of the previous column, flush against the current + column's tab stop. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\` + <indexterm><primary>\` (tabbing)</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + Allows you to put text flush right against any + tab stop, including tab + stop 0. However, it can't move text to the right + of the last column + because there's no tab stop there. + The <literal>\`</literal> command moves all the + text that follows it, up to the + <literal>\\</literal> or <literal>\end{tabbing}</literal> + command that ends the line, to the right + margin of the tabbing environment. + There must be no <literal>\></literal> or + <literal>\'</literal> command between + the <literal>\`</literal> and the command that + ends the line. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\kill + <indexterm><primary>\kill</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + Sets tab stops without producing + text. Works just like <literal>\\</literal> + except that it throws away the + current line instead of producing output for it. + The effect of any + <literal>\=</literal>, <literal>\+</literal> or + <literal>\-</literal> commands in that line remain in + effect. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\pushtabs + <indexterm><primary>\pushtabs</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + Saves all current tab stop positions. Useful for + temporarily changing tab stop positions in the + middle of a + <literal>tabbing</literal> environment. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\poptabs + <indexterm><primary>\poptabs</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + Restores the tab stop positions saved by the + last <literal>\pushtabs</literal>. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\a + <indexterm><primary>\a</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + In a <literal>tabbing</literal> environment, + the commands <literal>\=</literal>, + <literal>\'</literal> and + <literal>\`</literal> do not produce accents as + normal. Instead, the commands + <literal>\a=</literal>, <literal>\a'</literal> + and <literal>\a`</literal> are used. + </entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + <para>This example typesets a Pascal function in a + traditional format: + </para> + <programlisting>\begin{tabbing} +function \= fact(n : integer) : integer;\\ + \> begin \= \+ \\ + \> if \= n $>$ 1 then \+ \\ + fact := n * fact(n-1) \- \\ + else \+ \\ + fact := 1; \-\- \\ + end;\\ +\end{tabbing}</programlisting> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-table"><literal>table</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>table</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Tables, creating</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Creating tables</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{table}[placement] + + body of the table + +\caption{table title} +\end{table}</programlisting> + + <para>Tables are objects that are not part of the + normal text, and are + usually <emphasis>floated</emphasis> to a + convenient place, + like the top of a page. + Tables will not be split between two pages. + </para> + <para>The optional argument <literal>[placement]</literal> + determines where &latex; will try + to place your table. There are four places where + &latex; can possibly put a float: + </para> + + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>h</literal> : Here - at the position + in the text where the table environment appears. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>t</literal> : Top - at the top of a text page. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>b</literal> : Bottom - at the bottom of + a text page. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>p</literal> : Page of floats - on + a separate float page, which is a page + containing no text, only floats. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>The standard <literal>report</literal> and + <literal>article</literal> classes use the default + placement <literal>[tbp]</literal>. + </para> + <para>The body of the table is made up of whatever + text, &latex; commands, etc., + you wish. The <literal>\caption</literal> command + allows you to title your table. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-tabular"><literal>tabular</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>tabular</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Lines in tables</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Lining text up in tables</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{tabular}[pos]{cols} +column 1 entry & column 2 entry ... & column n entry \\ + . + . + . +\end{tabular}</programlisting> + + <para> or + </para> + <programlisting> +\begin{tabular*}{width}[pos]{cols} +column 1 entry & column 2 entry ... & column n entry \\ + . + . + . +\end{tabular*}</programlisting> + + <para>These environments produce a box consisting of a + sequence of rows of + items, aligned vertically in columns. The mandatory and optional + arguments consist of: + </para> + <table frame="none"> + <title>Commands used inside a <literal>tabular</literal> environment</title> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>width + </entry> + <entry>Specifies the width of the + <literal>tabular*</literal> environment. There must be + rubber space between columns that can stretch + to fill out the specified width. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>pos + </entry> + <entry>Specifies the vertical position; default + is alignment on the centre of the environment. + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>t</literal> - align on top row + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>b</literal> - align on bottom row + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>cols + </entry> + <entry>Specifies the column formatting. + It consists of a sequence of the + following specifiers, corresponding to the + sequence of columns and intercolumn material. + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>l</literal> - A column of + left-aligned items. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>r</literal> - A column of + right-aligned items. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>c</literal> - A column of + centred items. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>|</literal> - A vertical line + the full height and depth of the environment. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>@{text}</literal> - This inserts + <literal>text</literal> in every row. + An @-expression suppresses the intercolumn + space normally inserted between columns; any + desired space between the inserted text and + the adjacent items must be included in text. + An <literal>\extracolsep{wd}</literal> + command in an + @-expression causes an extra space of width + <literal>wd</literal> to appear to the + left of all subsequent columns, until + countermanded by another + <literal>\extracolsep</literal> command. + Unlike ordinary intercolumn space, this + extra space is not suppressed by an + @-expression. An + <literal>\extracolsep</literal> + command can be used only in an @-expression in the + <literal>cols</literal> argument. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>p{wd}</literal> - Produces a + column with each item typeset in a parbox of + width <literal>wd</literal>, as if it were + the argument of a <literal>\parbox[t]{wd}</literal> + command. However, a <literal>\\</literal> + may not appear in the item, except in the + following situations: + </simpara> + <orderedlist> + <listitem> + <simpara>inside an environment like + <literal>minipage</literal>, + <literal>array</literal>, or + <literal>tabular</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>inside an explicit + <literal>\parbox</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>in the scope of a + <literal>\centering</literal>, + <literal>\raggedright</literal>, or + <literal>\raggedleft</literal> + declaration. The latter declarations + must appear inside braces or an + environment when used in a + <literal>p</literal>-column element. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </orderedlist> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>*{num}{cols}</literal> + - Equivalent to <literal>num</literal> copies of + <literal>cols</literal>, where + <literal>num</literal> is any positive + integer and <literal>cols</literal> is + any list of column-specifiers, which may + contain another + <literal>*-expression</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + <para>These commands can be used inside a + <literal>tabular</literal> environment: + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-cline"><literal>\cline{i-j}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\cline</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\cline</literal> command draws horizontal + lines across the columns + specified, beginning in column <literal>i</literal> + and ending in column <literal>j</literal>, + which are identified in the mandatory argument. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-hline"><literal>\hline</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\hline</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\hline</literal> command will draw + a horizontal line the width of the + table. It's most commonly used to draw a line at + the top, bottom, and + between the rows of the table. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-multicolumn"><literal>\multicolumn</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\multicolumn</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\multicolumn{cols}{pos}{text}</literal> + </para> + + <para>The <literal>\multicolumn</literal> is used to + make an entry that spans several + columns. The first mandatory argument, + <literal>cols</literal>, specifies the + number of columns to span. The second mandatory + argument, <literal>pos</literal>, + specifies the formatting of the entry; + <literal>c</literal> for centred, <literal>l</literal> + for flushleft, <literal>r</literal> for flushright. + The third mandatory argument, + <literal>text</literal>, specifies what text is to make + up the entry. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-vline"><literal>\vline</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\vline</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\vline</literal> command will draw + a vertical line extending the full + height and depth of its row. An <literal>\hfill</literal> + command can be used to + move the line to the edge of the column. + It can also be used in an @-expression. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-thebibliography"><literal>thebibliography</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>thebibliography</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Bibliography, creating (manually)</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{thebibliography}{widest-label} +\bibitem[label]{cite_key} + . + . + . +\end{thebibliography}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>thebibliography</literal> environment + produces a bibliography or reference list. + In the <literal>article</literal> class, this reference + list is labelled <emphasis>References</emphasis>; + in the + <literal>report</literal> class, it is labelled + <emphasis>Bibliography</emphasis>. + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>widest-label</literal>: Text that, + when printed, is approximately as wide + as the widest item label produces by the + <literal>\bibitem</literal> commands. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-bibitem"><literal>\bibitem[label]{cite_key}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\bibitem</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\bibitem</literal> command generates + an entry labelled by <literal>label</literal>. + If the <literal>label</literal> argument is + missing, a number is generated as the + <literal>label</literal>, using the + <literal>enumi</literal> counter. + The <literal>cite_key</literal> is + any sequence of letters, numbers, and punctuation + symbols not containing a comma. + This command writes an entry on the + <filename>.aux</filename> file containing + <literal>cite_key</literal> and the item's + <literal>label</literal>. When this + <filename>.aux</filename> file is read by the + <literal>\begin{document}</literal> command, the + item's <literal>label</literal> is associated + with <literal>cite_key</literal>, causing the + reference to <literal>cite_key</literal> by a + <literal>\cite</literal> command to produce the + associated <literal>label</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-cite"><literal>\cite[text]{key_list}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\cite</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>key_list</literal> argument + is a list of citation keys. This command + generates an in-text citation to the references + associated with the keys + in <literal>key_list</literal> by entries on + the <filename>.aux</filename> file read by the + <literal>\begin{document}</literal> command. + </para> + <para>The optional <literal>text</literal> argument + will appear after the citation, + i.e. <literal>\cite[p.~2f.]{knuth}</literal> might + produce `[Knuth, p. 2]'. + </para> + <para> + <indexterm> + <primary>cite.sty</primary> + </indexterm> + The package <literal>cite.sty</literal> + allows a line break in the <literal>\cite</literal> + reference and can sort numerical entries. + </para> + <para> + <indexterm> + <primary>overcite.sty</primary> + </indexterm> + <literal>overcite.sty</literal> makes + citations like footnotes. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-nocite"><literal>\nocite{key_list}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\nocite</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\nocite</literal> command produces + no text, but writes <literal>key_list</literal>, + which is a list of one or more citation keys, on + the <filename>.aux</filename> file. + <literal>\nocite{*}</literal> uses all entries from + the &bibtex; database. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="using-bibtex">Using BibTeX</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>Using BibTeX</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>BibTeX</primary> + <secondary>using</secondary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Bibliography, creating (automatically)</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\bibliographystyle</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\bibliography</primary></indexterm> + + <para>If you use the BibTeX program by Oren Patashnik + (highly recommended if you need a bibliography of + more than a couple of titles) to maintain + your bibliography, you don't use the + <literal>thebibliography</literal> + environment. Instead, you include the lines + </para> + <programlisting> +\bibliographystyle{style} +\bibliography{bibfile}</programlisting> + + <para>where <literal>style</literal> refers to a + file <literal>style.bst</literal>, which defines how + your citations will look. + </para> + <table frame="none"> + <title>Standard styles distributed with BibTeX</title> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>alpha + </entry> + <entry>Sorted alphabetically. Labels are + formed from name of author and year of publication. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>plain + </entry> + <entry>Sorted alphabetically. Labels are numeric. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>unsrt + </entry> + <entry>Like <literal>plain</literal>, but entries + are in order of citation. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>abbrv + </entry> + <entry>Like <literal>plain</literal>, but more + compact labels. + </entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + <para>In addition, numerous other BibTeX style + files exist tailored to the + demands of various publications. + </para> + <para>The argument to <literal>\bibliography</literal> + refers to the file + <literal>bibfile.bib</literal>, which should contain + your database in BibTeX + format. Only the entries referred to via + <literal>\cite</literal> and <literal>\nocite</literal> + will be listed in the bibliography. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-theorem"><literal>theorem</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>theorem</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Theorems, typesetting</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{theorem} + theorem text +\end{theorem}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>theorem</literal> environment + produces <emphasis>Theorem x</emphasis> in + boldface followed by your theorem text. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-titlepage"><literal>titlepage</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>titlepage</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Making a title page</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Title pages, creating</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{titlepage} + text +\end{titlepage}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>titlepage</literal> environment creates + a title page, i.e. a page with no + printed page number or heading. It also causes the following + page to be numbered page one. Formatting the title page + is left to you. The + <literal>\today</literal> command comes in handy for title pages. + <indexterm><primary>\today</primary></indexterm> + </para> + <para>Note that you can use the + <literal>\maketitle</literal> (see + <link linkend="cmd-maketitle">\maketitle</link>) command to + produce a standard title page. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-verbatim"><literal>verbatim</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>verbatim</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Simulating typed text</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Typed text, simulating</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Programs, typesetting</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Computer programs, typesetting</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{verbatim} + text +\end{verbatim}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>verbatim</literal> environment is a + paragraph-making environment that + gets &latex; to print exactly what you type in. + It turns &latex; into a + typewriter with carriage returns and blanks having the + same effect that + they would on a typewriter. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-verb"><literal>\verb char literal_text char</literal> <literal>\verb*char literal_text char</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\verb</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Verbatim text</primary></indexterm> + + <para>Typesets <literal>literal_text</literal> + exactly as typed, including special + characters and spaces, using a typewriter + (<literal>\tt</literal>) type style. + There may be no space between + <literal>\verb</literal> or <literal>\verb*</literal> and + <literal>char</literal> (space is shown here only + for clarity). The <literal>*-form</literal> + differs only in that spaces are printed + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-verse"><literal>verse</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>verse</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Poetry, an environment for</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\begin{verse} + text +\end{verse}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>verse</literal> environment is designed + for poetry, though you may find + other uses for it. + </para> + <para>The margins are indented on the left and the right. + Separate the lines + of each stanza with <literal>\\</literal>, and use one or + more blank lines to + separate the stanzas. + </para> + + </section> + + <!-- FIXME --> + + <section id="footnotes"> + <title id="footnotes-title">Footnotes</title> + <indexterm><primary>Footnotes, creating</primary></indexterm> + + <para>Footnotes can be produced in one of two ways. They can be + produced with one command, the <literal>\footnote</literal> + command. They can also + be produced with two commands, the + <literal>\footnotemark</literal> and the + <literal>\footnotetext</literal> commands. + See the specific command for information + on why you would use one over the other. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-cmd-footnote"><literal>\footnote[number]{text}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\footnote</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\footnote</literal> command places + the numbered footnote <literal>text</literal> at + the bottom of the current page. The optional argument, + <literal>number</literal>, + is used to change the default footnote number. + This command can only be + used in outer paragraph mode; i.e., you cannot use + it in sectioning + commands like <literal>\chapter</literal>, in figures, + tables or in a <literal>tabular</literal> environment. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-footnotemark"><literal>\footnotemark</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\footnotemark</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\footnotemark</literal> command puts + the footnote <literal>number</literal> in the + text. This command can be used in inner paragraph mode. + The text of the footnote is supplied by the + <literal>\footnotetext</literal> command. + </para> + <para>This command can be used to produce several + consecutive footnote markers + referring to the same footnote by using + </para> + <para><literal>\footnotemark[\value{footnote}]</literal> + </para> + <para>after the first <literal>\footnote</literal> command. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-footnotetext"><literal>\footnotetext[number]{text}</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\footnotetext</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\footnotetext</literal> command + produces the <literal>text</literal> to be placed + at the bottom of the page. This command can come + anywhere after the + <literal>\footnotemark</literal> command. + The <literal>\footnotetext</literal> command must + appear in outer paragraph mode. + </para> + <para>The optional argument, <literal>number</literal>, + is used to change the default + footnote number. + </para> + + </section> + + + <section id="lengths"> + <title id="lengths-title">Lengths</title> + <indexterm><primary>Lengths, defining and using</primary></indexterm> + + <para>A <literal>length</literal> is a measure of distance. Many + &latex; commands take a length as an argument. + </para> + + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-newlength"><literal>\newlength</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\newlength</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Lengths, defining a new</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\newlength{\gnat}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\newlength</literal> command defines the + mandatory argument, <literal>\gnat</literal>, as a + <literal>length</literal> command with a value of + <literal>0in</literal>. An error occurs if a + <literal>\gnat</literal> command already exists. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-setlength"><literal>\setlength</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\setlength</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Lengths, setting value of</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\setlength{\gnat}{length}</literal></para> + <para>The <literal>\setlength</literal> command is used to set + the value of a <literal>length</literal> command. The + <literal>length</literal> argument can be expressed in any + terms of length &latex; understands, i.e., inches + (<literal>in</literal>), millimetres + (<literal>mm</literal>), points (<literal>pt</literal>), + etc. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-addtolength"><literal>\addtolength</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\addtolength</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Lengths, adding to</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\addtolength{\gnat}{length}</literal></para> + <para>The <literal>\addtolength</literal> command increments + <emphasis>length command</emphasis> by the amount + specified in the + <literal>length</literal> argument. + It can be a negative amount. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-settodepth"><literal>\settodepth</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\settodepth</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\settodepth{\gnat}{text}</literal></para> + <para>The <literal>\settodepth</literal> command sets the + value of a <literal>length</literal> command equal to the + depth of the <literal>text</literal> argument. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-settoheight"><literal>\settoheight</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\settoheight</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\settoheight{\gnat}{text}</literal></para> + <para>The <literal>\settoheight</literal> command sets the + value of a <literal>length</literal> command equal to the + height of the <literal>text</literal> argument. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-settowidth"><literal>\settowidth</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\settowidth</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\settowidth{\gnat}{text}</literal></para> + <para>The <literal>\settowidth</literal> command sets the + value of a <literal>length</literal> command equal to the + width of the <literal>text</literal> argument. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="predefined-lengths-title"><literal>Predefined lengths</literal></bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>Lengths, predefined</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Predefined lengths</primary></indexterm> + + <para id="cmd-length-pre-width"><literal>\width</literal> + <indexterm><primary>\width</primary></indexterm> + </para> + <para id="cmd-length-pre-height"><literal>\height</literal> + <indexterm><primary>\height</primary></indexterm> + </para> + <para id="cmd-length-pre-depth"><literal>\depth</literal> + <indexterm><primary>\depth</primary></indexterm> + </para> + <para id="cmd-length-pre-totalheight"><literal>\totalheight</literal> + <indexterm><primary>\totalheight</primary></indexterm> + </para> + <para>These length parameters can be used in the arguments of + the box-making commands See + <link linkend="spaces-and-boxes">Spaces & + Boxes</link>. + They + specify the natural width etc. of the text in the box. + <literal>\totalheight</literal> equals + <literal>\height</literal> + <literal>\depth</literal>. To + make a box with the text stretched to double the natural + size, e.g., say + </para> + <para><literal>\makebox[2\width]{Get a stretcher}</literal> + </para> + + </section> + + <section id="letters"> + <title id="letters-title">Letters</title> + <indexterm><primary>Letters</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Creating letters</primary></indexterm> + + <para>You can use &latex; to typeset letters, both personal and + business. The <literal>letter</literal> document class is + designed to make a number of letters at once, although you can + make just one if you so desire. + </para> + <para>Your <filename>.tex</filename> source file has the same + minimum commands as the other document classes, i.e., you must + have the following commands as a minimum: + </para> + <programlisting> +\documentclass{letter} +\begin{document} + ... letters ... +\end{document}</programlisting> + + <para>Each letter is a <literal>letter</literal> environment, + whose argument is the name and address of the recipient. For + example, you might have: + </para> + <programlisting> +\begin{letter}{Mr. Joe Smith\\ 2345 Princess St.\\ Edinburgh, EH1 1AA} + ... +\end{letter}</programlisting> + + <para>The letter itself begins with the + <literal>\opening</literal> command. The text of the letter + follows. It is typed as ordinary &latex; input. Commands that + make no sense in a letter, like <literal>\chapter</literal>, + do not work. The letter closes with a + <literal>\closing</literal> command. + </para> + <para>After the <literal>closing</literal>, you can have + additional material. The <literal>\cc</literal> command + produces the usual <emphasis>cc: ...</emphasis>. + There's also a similar + <literal>\encl</literal> command for a list of enclosures. + With both these commands, use <literal>\\</literal> to + separate the items. + </para> + <para>These commands are used with the + <literal>letter</literal> class: + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-address">\address</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\address</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\address{Return address}</literal> + </para> + <para>The return address, as it should appear on the letter + and the envelope. Separate lines of the address should be + separated by <literal>\\</literal> commands. If you do not + make an <literal>\address</literal> declaration, then the + letter will be formatted for copying onto your + organisation's standard letterhead. (See + <link linkend="overview">&overview;</link>, for details on your + local implementation). If you give an + <literal>\address</literal> declaration, then the letter + will be formatted as a personal letter. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-cc">\cc</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\cc</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Cc list</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\cc{Kate Schechter\\Rob McKenna}</literal> + </para> + <para>Generate a list of other persons the letter was sent to. + Each name is printed on a separate line. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-closing">\closing</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\closing</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Letters, ending</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\closing{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>The letter closes with a <literal>\closing</literal> + command, i.e., + <programlisting>\closing{Best Regards,}</programlisting> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-encl">\encl</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\encl</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Enclosed material</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\encl{CV\\Certificates}</literal> + </para> + <para>Generate a list of enclosed material. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-location">\location</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\location</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\location{address}</literal> + </para> + <para>This modifies your organisation's standard address. + This only appears if the <literal>firstpage</literal> + pagestyle is selected. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-makelabels">\makelabels</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\makelabels</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\makelabels{number}</literal> + </para> + <para>If you issue this command in the preamble, &latex; will + create a sheet of address labels. This sheet will be output + before the letters. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-name">\name</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\name</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\name{June Davenport}</literal> + </para> + <para>Your name, used for printing on the envelope together + with the return address. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-opening">\opening</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\opening</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Letters, starting</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\opening{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>The letter begins with the <literal>\opening</literal> + command. The mandatory argument, <literal>text</literal>, + is whatever text you wish to start your letter, i.e., + <programlisting>\opening{Dear Joe,} </programlisting> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-ps">\ps</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\ps</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\ps</literal> + </para> + <para>Use this command before a postscript. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-signature">\signature</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\signature</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\signature{Harvey Swick}</literal> + </para> + <para>Your name, as it should appear at the end of the letter + underneath the space for your signature. Items that should + go on separate lines should be separated by + <literal>\\</literal> commands. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-startbreaks">\startbreaks</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\startbreaks</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\startbreaks</literal> + </para> + <para>Used after a <literal>\stopbreaks</literal> command to + allow page breaks again. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-stopbreaks">\stopbreaks</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\stopbreaks</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\stopbreaks</literal> + </para> + <para>Inhibit page breaks until a + <literal>\startbreaks</literal> command occurs. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-telephone">\telephone</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\telephone</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\telephone{number}</literal> + </para> + <para>This is your telephone number. This only appears if the + <literal>firstpage</literal> pagestyle is selected. + </para> + + </section> + + <section id="line-and-page-breaking"> + <title id="line-and-page-breaking-title">Line & Page Breaking</title> + <indexterm><primary>Page Breaking</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Line Breaking</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Page Formatting</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The first thing &latex; does when processing ordinary text + is to translate your input file into a string of glyphs and + spaces. To produce a printed document, this string must be + broken into lines, and these lines must be broken into pages. + In some environments, you do the line breaking yourself with + the <literal>\\</literal> command, but &latex; usually does it + for you. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-bslash">\\</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\\</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>New line, starting</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\\[extra-space], \\*[extra-space]</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\\</literal> command tells &latex; to start a + new line. It has an optional argument, + <literal>extra-space</literal>, that specifies how much + extra vertical space is to be inserted before the next line. + This can be a negative amount. + </para> + <para>The <literal>\\*</literal> command is the same as the + ordinary <literal>\\</literal> command except that it tells + &latex; not to start a new page after the line. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-dash-op-hyphenation-cp">\-</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\- (hyphenation)</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Hyphenation, forcing</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\-</literal> command tells &latex; that it + may hyphenate the word at that point. &latex; is very good at + hyphenating, and it will usually find all correct + hyphenation points. The <literal>\-</literal> command is + used for the exceptional cases. + </para> + <para>Note that when you insert <literal>\-</literal> commands + in a word, the word will only be hyphenated at those points + and not at any of the hyphenation points that &latex; might + otherwise have chosen. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-cleardoublepage">\cleardoublepage</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\cleardoublepage</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Starting on a right-hand page</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\cleardoublepage</literal> command ends the + current page and causes all figures and tables that have so + far appeared in the input to be printed. In a two-sided + printing style, it also makes the next page a right-hand + (odd-numbered) page, producing a blank page if necessary. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-clearpage">\clearpage</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\clearpage</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Flushing a page</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\clearpage</literal> command ends the + current page and causes all figures and tables that have so + far appeared in the input to be printed. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-enlargethispage">\enlargethispage</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\enlargethispage</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Enlarge current page</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\enlargethispage{size}</literal> + </para> + <para><literal>\enlargethispage*{size}</literal> + </para> + <para>Enlarge the <literal>\textheight</literal> for the + current page by the specified amount; e.g. + <literal>\enlargethispage{\baselineskip}</literal> will + allow one additional line. + </para> + <para>The starred form tries to squeeze the material together + on the page as much as possible. This is normally used + together with an explicit <literal>\pagebreak</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-samepage">\samepage</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\samepage</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\samepage</literal> + </para> + <para>The object in the argument <literal>{}</literal> + should be on the current page. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-fussy">\fussy</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\fussy</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\fussy</literal> + </para> + <para>This declaration (which is the default) makes &tex; more + fussy about line breaking. This can avoids too much space + between words, but may produce overfull boxes. + </para> + <para>This command cancels the effect of a previous + <literal>\sloppy</literal> command. + <link linkend="cmd-sloppy">\sloppy</link> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-hyphenation">\hyphenation</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\hyphenation</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Hyphenation, defining</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\hyphenation{words}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\hyphenation</literal> command declares + allowed hyphenation points, where <literal>words</literal> + is a list of words, separated by spaces, in which each + hyphenation point is indicated by a <literal>-</literal> + character. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-linebreak">\linebreak</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\linebreak</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Line breaks</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\linebreak[number]</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\linebreak</literal> command tells &latex; to + break the current line at the point of the command. With + the optional argument, <literal>number</literal>, you can + convert the <literal>\linebreak</literal> command from a + demand to a request. The number must be a number from 0 to + 4. The higher the number, the more insistent the request is. + </para> + <para>The <literal>\linebreak</literal> command causes &latex; + to stretch the line so it extends to the right margin. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-newline">\newline</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\newline</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>New line, starting (paragraph mode)</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\newline</literal> command breaks the line + right where it is. It can only be used in paragraph mode. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-newpage">\newpage</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\newpage</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>New Page</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\newpage</literal> command ends the + current page. In contrast to + <link linkend="cmd-pagebreak">\pagebreak</link> + it can produce a partly empty page, even when + <link linkend="cmd-flushbottom-title">\flushbottom</link> + is active. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-nolinebreak">\nolinebreak</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\nolinebreak</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\nolinebreak[number]</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\nolinebreak</literal> command prevents + &latex; from breaking the current line at the point of the + command. With the optional argument, + <literal>number</literal>, you can convert the + <literal>\nolinebreak</literal> command from a demand to a + request. The number must be a number from 0 to 4. The + higher the number, the more insistent the request is. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-nopagebreak">\nopagebreak</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\nopagebreak</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\nopagebreak[number]</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\nopagebreak</literal> command prevents + &latex; from breaking the current page at the point of the + command. With the optional argument, + <literal>number</literal>, you can convert the + <literal>\nopagebreak</literal> command from a demand to a + request. The number must be a number from 0 to 4. The + higher the number, the more insistent the request is. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-pagebreak">\pagebreak</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\pagebreak</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Page break, forcing</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\pagebreak[number]</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\pagebreak</literal> command tells &latex; to + break the current page at the point of the command. With + the optional argument, <literal>number</literal>, you can + convert the <literal>\pagebreak</literal> command from a + demand to a request. The number must be a number from 0 to + 4. The higher the number, the more insistent the request + is. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-sloppy">\sloppy</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\sloppy</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\sloppy</literal> + </para> + <para>This declaration makes &tex; less fussy about line + breaking. This can prevent overfull boxes, but may leave too + much space between words. + </para> + <para>Lasts until a <literal>\fussy</literal> command is + issued. <link linkend="cmd-fussy">\fussy</link>. + </para> + + </section> + + + <section id="making-paragraphs"> + <title id="making-paragraphs-title">Making Paragraphs</title> + <indexterm><primary>Making paragraphs</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Paragraphs</primary></indexterm> + + <para>A paragraph is ended by one or more completely blank lines + --- lines not containing even a <literal>%</literal>. A blank + line should not appear where a new paragraph cannot be + started, such as in math mode or in the argument of a + sectioning command. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-indent">\indent</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\indent</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Indent, forcing</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\indent</literal> + </para> + <para>This produces a horizontal space whose width equals the + width of the paragraph indentation. It is used to add + paragraph indentation where it would otherwise be + suppressed. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-noindent">\noindent</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\noindent</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Indent, suppressing</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\noindent</literal> + </para> + <para>When used at the beginning of the paragraph, it + suppresses the paragraph indentation. It has no effect when + used in the middle of a paragraph. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-par">\par</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\par</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Paragraph, starting a new</primary></indexterm> + + <para>Equivalent to a blank line; often used to make command + or environment definitions easier to read. + </para> + + </section> + + + <section id="margin-notes"> + <title id="margin-notes-title">Margin Notes</title> + <indexterm><primary>Margin Notes</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Notes in the margin</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Remarks in the margin</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The command <literal>\marginpar[left]{right}</literal> + creates a note in the margin. The first line will be at the + same height as the line in the text where the + <literal>\marginpar</literal> occurs. + </para> + <para>When you only specify the mandatory argument + <literal>right</literal>, the text will be placed + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>in the right margin for one-sided layout + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>in the outside margin for two-sided layout + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>in the nearest margin for two-column layout. + </simpara></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>By issuing the command + <literal>\reversemarginpar</literal>, you can force the + marginal notes to go into the opposite (inside) margin. + </para> + <para>When you specify both arguments, <literal>left</literal> + is used for the left margin, and <literal>right</literal> is + used for the right margin. + </para> + <para>The first word will normally not be hyphenated; you can + enable hyphenation by prefixing the first word with a + <literal>\hspace{0pt}</literal> command. + </para> + + </section> + + + <section id="math-formulae"> + <title id="math-formulae-title">Math Formulae</title> + <indexterm><primary>Math Formulae</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Formulae, maths</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Math mode, entering</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\(</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\)</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\[</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\]</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>$</primary></indexterm> + + <table frame="none"> + <title>Three environments that put &latex; in math mode</title> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>math + </entry> + <entry>For Formulae that appear right in the text. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>displaymath + </entry> + <entry>For Formulae that appear on their own line. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>equation + </entry> + <entry>The same as the displaymath environment except + that it adds an equation number in the right margin. + </entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + <para>The <literal>math</literal> environment can be used in + both paragraph and LR mode, but the + <literal>displaymath</literal> and <literal>equation</literal> + environments can be used only in paragraph mode. The + <literal>math</literal> and <literal>displaymath</literal> + environments are used so often that they have the following + short forms: + </para> + <programlisting> +\(...\) instead of \begin{math}...\end{math} + +\[...\] instead of \begin{displaymath}...\end{displaymath}</programlisting> + + <para>In fact, the <literal>math</literal> environment is so + common that it has an even shorter form: + </para> + <programlisting> +$ ... $ instead of \(...\)</programlisting> + + <indexterm><primary>exponent</primary></indexterm> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="subscripts-and-superscripts-title">Subscripts & Superscripts</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>Superscript</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Subscript</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>_</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>^</primary></indexterm> + + <para>To get an expression <emphasis>exp</emphasis> to appear + as a subscript, you just type + <literal>_{</literal><emphasis>exp</emphasis><literal>} + </literal>. + To get <emphasis>exp</emphasis> to appear as a superscript, + you type + <literal>^{</literal><emphasis>exp</emphasis> + <literal>}</literal>. + &latex; handles superscripted superscripts and all of that + stuff in the natural way. It even does the right thing when + something has both a subscript and a superscript. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="math-symbols-title">Math Symbols</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>Maths symbols</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Symbols</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Greek letters</primary></indexterm> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="spacing-in-math-mode-title">Spacing in Math Mode</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>Spacing, within Math mode</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Math mode, spacing</primary></indexterm> + + <para>In a <literal>math</literal> environment, &latex; ignores + the spaces you type and puts in the spacing that it thinks + is best. &latex; formats mathematics the way it's done in + mathematics texts. If you want different spacing, &latex; + provides the following four commands for use in math mode: + </para> + <indexterm><primary>\;</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\COLON</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\,</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\!</primary></indexterm> + + <orderedlist><listitem> + <para><literal>\;</literal> - a thick space + </para></listitem> + <listitem> + <para><literal>\:</literal> - a medium space + </para></listitem> + <listitem> + <para><literal>\,</literal> - a thin space + </para></listitem> + <listitem> + <para><literal>\!</literal> - a negative thin space + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="math-miscellany-title">Math Miscellany</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>Math Miscellany</primary></indexterm> + + <table frame="none"> + <title>Math Miscellany</title> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry id="cmd-math-misc-cdots">\cdots<indexterm> + <primary>\cdots</primary> + </indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Produces a horizontal ellipsis where the dots + are raised to the centre of the line. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry id="cmd-math-misc-ddots">\ddots + <indexterm><primary>\ddots</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Produces a diagonal ellipsis. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry id="cmd-math-misc-frac">\frac{num}{den} + <indexterm><primary>\frac</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Produces the fraction <literal>num</literal> + divided by <literal>den</literal>. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry id="cmd-math-misc-ldots">\ldots + <indexterm><primary>\ldots</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Produces an ellipsis. This command works in + any mode, not just math mode. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry id="cmd-math-misc-overbrace">\overbrace{text} + <indexterm><primary>\overbrace</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Generates a brace over text. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry id="cmd-math-misc-overline">\overline{text} + <indexterm><primary>\overline</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Causes the argument text to be overlined. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry id="cmd-math-misc-sqrt">\sqrt[root]{arg} + <indexterm><primary>\sqrt</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Produces the square root of its argument. The + optional argument, <literal>root</literal>, + determines what root to produce, i.e., the cube root + of <literal>x+y</literal> would be typed as + <literal>$\sqrt[3]{x+y}$</literal>. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry id="cmd-math-misc-underbrace">\underbrace{text} + <indexterm><primary>\underbrace</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Generates text with a brace underneath. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry id="cmd-math-misc-underline">\underline{text} + <indexterm><primary>\underline</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Causes the argument text to be underlined. This + command can also be used in paragraph and LR modes. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry id="cmd-math-misc-vdots">\vdots + <indexterm><primary>\vdots</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Produces a vertical ellipsis. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry id="cmd-math-misc-ensuremath">\ensuremath{} + <indexterm><primary>\ensuremath{}</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>It's argument is set in math mode. This + is needed for own definitions. + </entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + </section> + + <section id="modes"> + <title id="modes-title">Modes</title> + <indexterm><primary>Modes</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Paragraph mode</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Math mode</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Left-to-right mode</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>LR mode</primary></indexterm> + + <para>When &latex; is processing your input text, it is always in + one of three modes: + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>paragraph mode + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Math mode + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Left-to-right mode, called LR mode for short + </simpara></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>&latex; changes mode only when it goes up or down a + staircase to a different level, though not all level changes + produce mode changes. Mode changes occur only when entering or + leaving an environment, or when &latex; is processing the + argument of certain text-producing commands. + </para> + <para><emphasis>Paragraph mode</emphasis> is the most + common; it's the one &latex; + is in when processing ordinary text. In that mode, &latex; + breaks your text into lines and breaks the lines into pages. + &latex; is in <emphasis>math mode</emphasis> when it's + generating a mathematical + formula. In <emphasis>LR mode</emphasis>, as in + paragraph mode, &latex; + considers the output that it produces to be a string of words + with spaces between them. However, unlike paragraph mode, + &latex; keeps going from left to right; it never starts a new + line in LR mode. Even if you put a hundred words into an + <literal>\mbox</literal>, &latex; would keep typesetting them + from left to right inside a single box, and then complain + because the resulting box was too wide to fit on the line. + </para> + <para>&latex; is in LR mode when it starts making a box with an + <literal>\mbox</literal> command. You can get it to enter a + different mode inside the box - for example, you can make it + enter math mode to put a formula in the box. There are also + several text-producing commands and environments for making a + box that put &latex; in paragraph mode. The box make by one of + these commands or environments will be called a + <literal>parbox</literal>. When &latex; is in paragraph mode + while making a box, it is said to be in <emphasis>inner paragraph + mode</emphasis>. Its normal paragraph mode, which it + starts out in, is + called <emphasis>outer paragraph mode</emphasis>. + </para> + + </section> + + + <section id="page-styles"> + <title id="page-styles-title">Page Styles</title> + <indexterm><primary>Styles, page</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Page styles</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\documentclass</literal> command determines + the size and position of the page's head and foot. The page + style determines what goes in them. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-maketitle">\maketitle</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>Title making</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\maketitle</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\maketitle</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\maketitle</literal> command generates a + title on a separate title page. In the + <literal>article</literal> class, + <literal>\maketitle</literal> + will also switch to pagestyle <literal>plain</literal>. + See <link linkend="page-styles">Page Styles</link> for + commands to change page numbering. + </para> + <para> + Information used to produce the title is obtained from + the following declarations: + </para> + <para>See <link linkend="page-styles">Page Styles</link> for + the commands to give the information. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-author">\author</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\author</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Author, for titlepage</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\author{names}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\author</literal> command declares the + author(s), where <literal>names</literal> is a list of + authors separated by <literal>\and</literal> commands. Use + <literal>\\</literal> to separate lines within a single + author's entry -- for example, to give the author's + institution or address. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-date">\date</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\date</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Date, for titlepage</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\date{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\date</literal> command declares + <emphasis>text</emphasis> to be the document's date. With + no <literal>\date</literal> command, the current date is + used. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-thanks">\thanks</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\thanks</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Thanks, for titlepage</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\thanks{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\thanks</literal> command produces a + <literal>\footnote</literal> to the title. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-title">\title</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\title</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Title, for titlepage</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\title{text}</literal> + </para> + + <para>The <literal>\title</literal> command declares + <literal>text</literal> to be the title. Use + <literal>\\</literal> to tell &latex; where to start a new + line in a long title. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-pagenumbering">\pagenumbering</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\pagenumbering</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Page numbering</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\pagenumbering{num_style}</literal> + </para> + <para>Specifies the style of page numbers. Possible values of + <literal>num_style</literal> are: + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>arabic</literal> - Arabic numerals + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>roman</literal> - Lowercase Roman numerals + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>Roman</literal> - Uppercase Roman numerals + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>alph</literal> - Lowercase letters + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>Alph</literal> - Uppercase letters + </simpara></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-pagestyle">\pagestyle</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\pagestyle</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\pagestyle{option}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\pagestyle</literal> command changes the + style from the current page on throughout the remainder of + your document. + </para> + <para>The valid options are: + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>plain</literal> - Just a plain page number. + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>empty</literal> - Produces empty heads and + feet - no page numbers. + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>headings</literal> - Puts running headings + on each page. The document style specifies what goes in + the headings. + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>myheadings</literal> - You specify what is + to go in the heading with the + <literal>\markboth</literal> or the + <literal>\markright</literal> commands. + </simpara></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-markboth">\markboth</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\markboth</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\markboth{left head}{right head}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>\markboth</literal> command is used in + conjunction with the page style + <literal>myheadings</literal> for setting both the left and + the right heading. You should note that a <emphasis>left-hand + heading</emphasis> is generated by the last + <literal>\markboth</literal> command before the end of the + page, while a <emphasis>right-hand heading</emphasis> + is generated by the + first <literal>\markboth</literal> or + <literal>\markright</literal> that comes on the page if + there is one, otherwise by the last one before the page. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-markright">\markright</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\markright</primary></indexterm> + + <programlisting> +\markright{right head}</programlisting> + + <para>The <literal>\markright</literal> command is used in + conjunction with the page style + <literal>myheadings</literal> for setting the right heading, + leaving the left heading unchanged. You should note that a + <emphasis>left-hand heading</emphasis> + is generated by the last + <literal>\markboth</literal> command before the end of the + page, while a <emphasis>right-hand heading</emphasis> + is generated by the + first <literal>\markboth</literal> or + <literal>\markright</literal> that comes on the page if + there is one, otherwise by the last one before the page. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-thispagestyle">\thispagestyle</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\thispagestyle</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\thispagestyle{option}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\thispagestyle</literal> command works in + the same manner as the <literal>\pagestyle</literal> command + except that it changes the style for the current page only. + </para> + + </section> + + <section id="sectioning"> + <title id="sectioning-title">Sectioning</title> + <indexterm><primary>Sectioning</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\chapter</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\subsubsection</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\subsection</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\paragraph</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\subparagraph</primary></indexterm> + + <para>Sectioning commands provide the means to structure your + text into units. + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-sectioning-part"><literal>\part</literal> + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-sectioning-chapter"><literal>\chapter</literal> (report and book class + only) + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-sectioning-section"><literal>\section</literal> + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-sectioning-subsection"><literal>\subsection</literal> + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-sectioning-subsubsection"><literal>\subsubsection</literal> + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-sectioning-paragraph"><literal>\paragraph</literal> + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-sectioning-subparagraph"><literal>\subparagraph</literal> + </simpara></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>All sectioning commands take the same general form, i.e., + </para> + <para><literal>\chapter[optional]{title}</literal> + </para> + <para>In addition to providing the heading in the text, the + mandatory argument of the sectioning command can appear in two + other places: + </para> + <orderedlist><listitem> + <para>The table of contents + </para></listitem> + <listitem> + <para>The running head at the top of the page + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + + <para>You may not want the same thing to appear in these other + two places as appears in the text heading. To handle this + situation, the sectioning commands have an + <literal>optional</literal> argument that provides the text + for these other two purposes. + </para> + <para>All sectioning commands have <literal>*</literal>-forms + that print a <emphasis>title</emphasis>, but do not include a + number and do not make an entry in the table of contents. + </para> + <indexterm><primary>\appendix</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Appendix, creating</primary></indexterm> + + <para id="cmd-sectioning-appendix"><literal>\appendix</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\appendix</literal> command changes the way + sectional units are numbered. The + <literal>\appendix</literal> command generates no text and + does not affect the numbering of parts. The normal use of this + command is something like + </para> + <programlisting> +\chapter{The First Chapter} + ... +\appendix +\chapter{The First Appendix}</programlisting> + + </section> + + + <section id="spaces-and-boxes"> + <title id="spaces-and-boxes-title">Spaces & Boxes</title> + <indexterm><primary>Spaces</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Boxes</primary></indexterm> + + <para>All the predefined length parameters See + <link linkend="predefined-lengths-title">Predefined lengths</link> can + be used in the arguments of the box-making commands. + </para> + + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-dotfill">\dotfill</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\dotfill</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\dotfill</literal> command produces a + <emphasis>rubber length</emphasis> that produces dots + instead of just spaces. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-hfill">\hfill</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\hfill</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\hfill</literal> fill command produces a + <emphasis>rubber length</emphasis> which can stretch + or shrink horizontally. It will be filled with spaces. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-hrulefill">\hrulefill</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\hrulefill</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\hrulefill</literal> fill command produces + a <emphasis>rubber length</emphasis> which can stretch + or shrink horizontally. It will be filled with a horizontal rule. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-hspace">\hspace</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\hspace</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\hspace{length}, \hspace*{length}</literal> + </para> + + <para>The <literal>\hspace</literal> command adds horizontal + space. The length of the space can be expressed in any + terms that &latex; understands, i.e., points, inches, etc. + You can add negative as well as positive space with an + <literal>\hspace</literal> command. Adding negative space + is like backspacing. + </para> + <para>&latex; removes horizontal space that comes at the end of + a line. If you don't want &latex; to remove this space, + include the optional <literal>*</literal> argument. Then + the space is never removed. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-addvspace">\addvspace</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\addvspace</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Vertical space, inserting</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Space, inserting vertical</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\addvspace{length}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\addvspace</literal> command normally adds + a vertical space of height length. However, if vertical + space has already been added to the same point in the + output by a previous <literal>\addvspace</literal> + command, then this command will not add more space than + needed to make the natural length of the total vertical + space equal to <literal>length</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-bigskip">\bigskip</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\bigskip</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\bigskip</literal> command is equivalent to + <literal>\vspace{bigskipamount}</literal> where + <literal>bigskipamount</literal> is determined by the + document class. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-medskip">\medskip</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\medskip</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\medskip</literal> command is + equivalent to <literal>\vspace{medskipamount}</literal> + where <literal>medskipamount</literal> is determined by + the document class. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-smallskip">\smallskip</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\smallskip</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\smallskip</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\smallskip</literal> command is equivalent + to <literal>\vspace{smallskipamount}</literal> where + <literal>smallskipamount</literal> is determined by the + document class. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-vfill">\vfill</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\vfill</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>\vfill</literal> fill command produces a + rubber length which can stretch or shrink vertically. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-vspace">\vspace</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\vspace</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\vspace{length}, \vspace*{length}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\vspace</literal> command adds vertical + space. The length of the space can be expressed in any + terms that &latex; understands, i.e., points, inches, + etc. You can add negative as well as positive space with + an <literal>\vspace</literal> command. + </para> + <para>&latex; removes vertical space that comes at the end + of a page. If you don't want &latex; to remove this + space, include the optional <literal>*</literal> + argument. Then the space is never removed. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-fbox">\fbox</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\fbox</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\fbox{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\fbox</literal> command is exactly the + same as the <literal>\mbox</literal> command, except + that it puts a frame around the outside of the box that + it creates. + </para> + + <bridgehead id="cmd-framebox">\framebox</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\framebox</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\framebox[width][position]{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\framebox</literal> command is exactly the + same as the <literal>\makebox</literal> command, except + that it puts a frame around the outside of the box that + it creates. + </para> + <para>The framebox command produces a rule of thickness + <literal>\fboxrule</literal>, and leaves a space + <literal>\fboxsep</literal> between the rule and the + contents of the box. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="env-lrbox">lrbox</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>lrbox</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\begin{lrbox}{cmd} text \end{lrbox}</literal> + </para> + <para>This is the environment form of <literal>\sbox</literal>. + </para> + <para>The text inside the environment is saved in the box + <literal>cmd</literal>, which must have been declared with + <literal>\newsavebox</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-makebox">\makebox</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\makebox</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\makebox[width][position]{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\makebox</literal> command creates a + box just wide enough to contain the + <literal>text</literal> specified. The width of the box + is specified by the optional <literal>width</literal> + argument. The position of the text within the box is + determined by the optional <literal>position</literal> + argument. + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>c</literal> --- centred (default) + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>l</literal> --- flushleft + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>r</literal> --- flushright + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>s</literal> --- stretch from left to right + margin. The text must contain stretchable space for this + to work. + </simpara></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>See <link linkend="cmd-makebox-op-picture-cp">\makebox + (picture)</link>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-mbox">\mbox</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\mbox</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\mbox{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\mbox</literal> command creates a box just + wide enough to hold the text created by its argument. + </para> + <para>Use this command to prevent text from being split + across lines. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-newsavebox">\newsavebox</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\newsavebox</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\newsavebox{cmd}</literal> + </para> + <para>Declares <literal>cmd</literal>, which must be a command + name that is not already defined, to be a bin for saving + boxes. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-parbox">\parbox</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\parbox</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\parbox[position][height][inner-pos]{width}{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>A <literal>parbox</literal> is a box whose contents are + created in <literal>paragraph</literal> mode. The + <literal>\parbox</literal> has two mandatory arguments: + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact" + ><listitem> + <simpara><literal>width</literal> - specifies the width of + the parbox, and + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>text</literal> - the text that goes inside + the parbox. + </simpara></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>&latex; will position a <literal>parbox</literal> so + its centre lines up with the centre of the text line. + The optional <emphasis>position</emphasis> argument + allows you to line up either the top or bottom line in + the parbox (default is top). + </para> + <para>If the <emphasis>height</emphasis> argument is not + given, the box will have the natural height of the text. + </para> + <para>The <emphasis>inner-pos</emphasis> argument controls the + placement of the text inside the box. If it is not + specified, <emphasis>position</emphasis> is used. + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>t</literal> --- text is placed at the top + of the box. + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>c</literal> --- text is centred in the box. + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>b</literal> --- text is placed at the + bottom of the box. + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>s</literal> --- stretch vertically. The + text must contain vertically stretchable space for this + to work. + </simpara></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>A <literal>\parbox</literal> command is used for a + parbox containing a small piece of text, with nothing + fancy inside. In particular, you shouldn't use any of + the paragraph-making environments inside a + <literal>\parbox</literal> argument. For larger pieces + of text, including ones containing a paragraph-making + environment, you should use a + <literal>minipage</literal> environment See + <link linkend="env-minipage">minipage</link>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-raisebox">\raisebox</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\raisebox</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\raisebox{distance}[extend-above][extend-below]{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\raisebox</literal> command is used to + raise or lower text. The first mandatory argument + specifies how high the text is to be raised (or lowered + if it is a negative amount). The text itself is + processed in <literal>LR mode</literal>. + </para> + + <para>Sometimes it's useful to make &latex; think + something has a different size than it really does - or + a different size than &latex; would normally think it + has. The <literal>\raisebox</literal> command lets you + tell &latex; how tall it is. + </para> + <para>The first optional argument, + <literal>extend-above</literal>, makes &latex; think + that the text extends above the line by the amount + specified. The second optional argument, + <literal>extend-below</literal>, makes &latex; think + that the text extends below the line by the amount + specified. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-rule">\rule</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\rule</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\rule[raise-height]{width}{thickness}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\rule</literal> command is used to produce + horizontal lines. The arguments are defined as follows: + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>raise-height</literal> - specifies how high + to raise the rule (optional) + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>width</literal> - specifies the length of + the rule (mandatory) + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>thickness</literal> - specifies the + thickness of the rule (mandatory) + </simpara></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-savebox">\savebox</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\savebox</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\savebox{cmd}[width][pos]{text}</literal></para> + + <para>This command typeset <literal>text</literal> in a box just as + for <literal>\makebox</literal>. However, instead of + printing the resulting box, it saves it in bin + <literal>cmd</literal>, which must have been declared with + <literal>\newsavebox</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-sbox">\sbox</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\sbox</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\sbox{cmd}\{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>This commands typesets <literal>text</literal> in a box + just as for <literal>\mbox</literal>. However, instead of + printing the resulting box, it saves it in + <literal>cmd</literal>, which must have been declared with + <literal>\newsavebox</literal>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-usebox">\usebox</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\usebox</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\usebox{cmd}</literal> + </para> + <para>Prints the box most recently saved in bin + <literal>cmd</literal> by a <literal>\savebox</literal> + command. + </para> + + </section> + + + <section id="special-characters"> + <title id="special-characters-title">Special Characters</title> + <indexterm><primary>Special Characters</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Characters, special</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Reserved Characters</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Characters, reserved</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The following characters play a special role in &latex; and + are called + <emphasis>special printing characters</emphasis>, or simply + <emphasis>special characters</emphasis>. + </para> + <programlisting> +# $ % & ~ _ ^ \ { }</programlisting> + + <para>Whenever you put one of these special characters into + your file, you are doing something special. If you simply + want the character to be printed just as any other letter, + include a <literal>\</literal> in front of the character. + For example, <literal>\$</literal> will produce + <literal>$</literal> in your output. + </para> + <para>One exception to this rule is the <literal>\</literal> + itself because <literal>\\</literal> has its own special + meaning. A <literal>\</literal> is produced by typing + <literal>$\backslash$</literal> in your file. + </para> + <para>Also, <literal>\~</literal> means `place a tilde + accent over the following letter', so you will probably + want to use <literal>\verb</literal> instead. + </para> + <indexterm><primary>\backslash</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\symbol</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Accessing any character of a font</primary></indexterm> + + <para>In addition, you can access any character of a font + once you know its number by using the + <literal>\symbol</literal> command. For example, the + character used for displaying spaces in the + <literal>\verb*</literal> command has the code decimal 32, + so it can be typed as <literal>\symbol{32}</literal>. + </para> + <para>You can also specify octal numbers with + <literal>'</literal> or hexadecimal numbers with + <literal>"</literal>, so the previous example could also + be written as <literal>\symbol{'40}</literal> or + <literal>\symbol{"20}</literal>. + </para> + + </section> + + <section id="special-symbols"> + <title id="special-symbols-title">Special Symbols</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Symbols</primary> + <secondary>Special</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para></para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="accents-on-chars-title">Accents on Characters</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>Accents</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>The rules differ somewhat depending whether you are + in <link linkend="modes">text mode</link>, + <link linkend="modes">math modes</link>, or the + <link linkend="env-tabbing">tabbing environment</link>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Text Mode</bridgehead> + <para>The following accents may be placed on letters. + Although <emphasis>o</emphasis> is used in + most of the example, the accents may be placed on + any letter. Accents may even be placed above a + <emphasis>missing</emphasis> letter; for example, + <literal>\~{}</literal> produces a tilde over a + blank space. + </para> + <para>The following commands may be used only in + paragraph or LR mode: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\`{o}</literal> + produces a grave accent, + <emphasis>ò</emphasis></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\'{o}</literal> + produces an acute accent, + <emphasis>ó</emphasis></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\^{o}</literal> + produces a circumflex, + <emphasis>ô</emphasis></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\"{o}</literal> + produces an umlaut or dieresis, + <emphasis>ö</emphasis></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\H{o}</literal> + produces a long Hungarian umlaut + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\~{o}</literal> + produces a tilde, + <emphasis>õ</emphasis></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\c{c}</literal> + produces a cedilla, + <emphasis> ç</emphasis></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\={o}</literal> + produces a macron accent (a bar over the letter) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\b{o}</literal> + produces a bar under the letter + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\.{o}</literal> + produces a dot over the letter + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\d{o}</literal> + produces a dot under the letter + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\u{o}</literal> + produces a breve over the letter + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\v{o}</literal> + produces a <emphasis>v</emphasis> over + the letter</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\t{oo}</literal> + produces a <emphasis>tie</emphasis> + (inverted u) over the two letters + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + <para>Note that the letters <emphasis>i</emphasis> + and <emphasis>j</emphasis> require special + treatment when they are given accents because + it is often desirable to replace the + dot with the accent. For this purpose, the commands + <literal>\i</literal> and <literal>\j</literal> + can be used to produce dotless letters. + </para> + <para>For example, + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\^{\i}</literal> + should be used for i, circumflex, î + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\"{\i}</literal> + should be used for i, umlaut, ï</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="accents-chars-math">Math Mode</bridgehead> + <para>Several of the above and some similar accents + can also be produced in math mode. The following + commands may be used <emphasis>only</emphasis> + in math mode: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\hat{o}</literal> + is similar to the circumflex + (cf. <literal>\^</literal>)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\widehat{oo}</literal> + is a wide version of + <emphasis>\hat</emphasis> + over several letters + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\check{o}</literal> + is a vee or check (cf. <literal>\v</literal>) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\tilde{o}</literal> + is a tilde (cf. <literal>\~</literal>) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\widetilde{oo}</literal> + is a wide version of + <literal>\tilde</literal> + over several letters + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\acute{o}</literal> + is an acute accent (cf. <literal>\`</literal>) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\grave{o}</literal> + is a grave accent (cf. <literal>>\'</literal>) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\dot{o}</literal> + is a dot over the letter + (cf. <literal>\.</literal>) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\ddot{o}</literal> + is a double dot over the letter + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\breve{o}</literal> + is a breve (cf. <literal>\u</literal>) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\bar{o}</literal> + is a macron (cf. <literal>\=</literal>) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\vec{o}</literal> + is a vector (arrow) over the letter + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="accents-chars-tabbing">Tabbing Environment</bridgehead> + <para>Some of the accent marks used in running + text have other uses in the + <link linkend="env-tabbing">Tabbing Environment</link>. + In that case they can be created with the + following command: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>>\a'</literal> + for an acute accent</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\a`</literal> + for a grave accent</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\a=</literal> + for a macron accent</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="arrows-title">Arrows</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>Arrows</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>&latex; provides commands for all sorts of arrows. + The following commands are used only in math mode. + </para> + <para>In general the command names are created from + <literal>left</literal>, <literal>right</literal>, + <literal>up</literal>, or <literal>down</literal>. + <literal>leftright</literal> gives a double headed + arrow. Prefacing with <literal>long</literal> gives + a longer arrow. Capitalizing the + first letter gives a double-shanked arrow. + </para> + <para>Examples are: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\leftarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Leftarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\longleftarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Longleftarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\rightarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Rightarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\longrightarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Longrightarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\leftrightarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Leftrightarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\longleftrightarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\uparrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\downarrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Uparrow</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>>\nearrow</literal> points from + southwest to northeast</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\searrow</literal> points from + northwest to southeast</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\swarrow</literal> points from + northeast to southwest</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\nwarrow</literal> points from + southeast to northwest</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\stackrel</literal> command is + useful for putting things over or under your arrow. + </para> + <para>See also: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><link linkend="math-symbols-title">Math Symbols</link></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara> + <link linkend="binary-and-relational-ops-title"> + Binary and Relational Operators</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara> + <link linkend="greek-letters-title">Greek Letters</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><link linkend="misc-symbols-title"> + Miscellaneous Symbols</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara> + <link linkend="variable-math-size-symbols-title"> + Variable Size Math Symbols</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="binary-and-relational-ops-title">Binary and Relational Operators</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>Binary Operators</primary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Relational Operators</primary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Operators</primary> + <secondary>Binary</secondary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Operators</primary> + <secondary>Relational</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Some <emphasis>math</emphasis> symbols are + obtained by typing the corresponding keyboard + character. Examples include + <programlisting>+ - = < > </programlisting> + <note> + <para>plus, minus, and equal sign may be used in + either text or math mode, but < and > are + math mode only (they produce inverted exclamation + and question marks, respectively, + in text mode). + </para> + </note> + </para> + <para>The following commands may be used only in math mode: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\pm</literal> + plus or minus sign</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\mp</literal> + minus or plus sign</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\times</literal> + times (an "x")</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\div</literal> + divided by sign</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\ast</literal> + an asterisk (centered)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\star</literal> + a five-point star (centered)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\bullet</literal> + a bullet</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\circ</literal> + an open bullet</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\cdot</literal> + a centered dot</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\leq</literal> + less than or equal to</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\ll</literal> + much less than</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\subset</literal> + is a subset of</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\geq</literal> + greater than or equal to</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\gg</literal> + much greater than</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\equiv</literal> + equivalence symbol</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\sim</literal> + similar to</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\simeq</literal> + similar or equal to</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\approx</literal> + approximately equal to</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\neq</literal> + not equal to</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\per</literal> + "perpendicular to" symbols</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\propto</literal> + proportional to</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + <para>Note that <emphasis>greater than</emphasis> + and <emphasis>less than</emphasis> are obtained + simply by entering <literal>></literal> and + <literal><</literal>. + </para> + <para>A slash, indicating <emphasis>not</emphasis> + can be placed through a symbol (or a letter) with the + <literal>\not</literal> command. For example, + not less than is <literal>\not<</literal> + and not less than or equal to is + <literal>\not\leq</literal>. + If the slash isn't properly positioned it can be + moved by putting a math mode spacing command + between the <literal>\not</literal>and the symbol. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="delimiters-title">Delimiters</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>Delimiters</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>Delimiters are objects which act logically like + parentheses. These can be used only in math mode. + </para> + <para>The delimiters recognized by &latex; include: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>(</literal> + (left parenthesis) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>)</literal> + (right parenthesis) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>[</literal> + (left bracket) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>]</literal> + (right bracket)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\{</literal> + (left brace) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\}</literal> + (right brace) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>|</literal> + (vertical line) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\vert</literal> + (vertical line) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\|</literal> + (double vertical lines) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Vert</literal> + (double vertical lines) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>/</literal> + (slash) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\backslash</literal> + (backslash) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\langle</literal> + (left angle bracket) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\rangle</literal> + (right angle bracket) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\uparrow</literal> + (uparrow) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\downarrow</literal> + (down arrow) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\updownarrow</literal> + (up/down arrow) + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Making Delimiters the Right Size</bridgehead> + <para>Delimiters in formulas should be big enough + to <emphasis>fit</emphasis> around the formulas + they delimit (for example arround arrays). + To obtain <emphasis>stretchable</emphasis> + delimiters (&latex; makes them the appropriate size) + type a <literal>\left</literal> or + <literal>\right</literal> command before + the delimiter. <literal>\left</literal> and + <literal>\right</literal> commands must come in + matching pairs, although the delimiters themselves + need not be the same. Thus, + <literal> \left \{ ... \right \[ </literal> + produces a legal pair. + In cases where only one delimiter is desired, it + is possible to make the matching delimiter + <emphasis>invisible</emphasis> by typing a + period (<literal>.</literal>) after the command, + i.e., <literal>\left.</literal> or + <literal>\right.</literal> + </para> + <para>In an <link linkend="env-eqnarray">eqnarray</link> + environment the matching + <literal>\left</literal> and <literal>\right</literal> + cannot be split between lines and it may be necessary + to use an <emphasis>invisible</emphasis> + <literal>\right.</literal> and <literal>\left.</literal> + to terminate and begin parts on different lines. + In this case a second problem may arise, since the + size of the delimiters will be chosen only for the + <emphasis>local part</emphasis>, so that the size of + the <emphasis>visible</emphasis> + <emphasis>left</emphasis> + and <emphasis>right</emphasis> delimiters might + not match. The solution is to trick &latex; into thinking + that both parts have the same vertical height. This + can be done by placing a strut, that is a zero-width + <literal>\rule</literal>. It can also be accomplished + with the <literal>\vphantom</literal> command, which + I have not found documented, but which appears to work. + </para> + <para><literal>\vphantom{construct}</literal> + creates a zero-width object with the height of + <literal>construct</literal>. + The argument can contain things such as + <literal>\frac</literal> or the + <emphasis>variable size math symbols</emphasis> + and should be chosen according to what is in the + section with the delimiter you want to match. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Some Examples</bridgehead> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">A six-j symbol</bridgehead> + <para> + <programlisting> +\[ \left\{ +\begin{array}{ccc} +a & b & c \\ +d & e & f \end{array} +\right>\} \]</programlisting> + This should be displayed something like + (insofar as it can be rendered in + "ascii art"): + <programlisting> +( a b c ) +- - +( d e f ) +</programlisting> + Note that the <literal>\[ ... \]</literal> + set this off as <emphasis>Display Math</emphasis>, + and that the <emphasis>Array Environment</emphasis> + is used to generate the three centered columns + inside the braces. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">A "multiple choice" equation</bridgehead> + <para> + <programlisting> +\[ f(x) = + \left\{ \begin{array}{l} + 0, x < 0 \\ 1, x = 0 \\ + 2, x > 0 \end{array} \right. \]</programlisting> + will be displayed as + <programlisting> + ( 0, x < 0 +f(x) = - 1, x = 0 + ( 2, x > 0</programlisting> + Note that the <emphasis>invisible</emphasis> + <literal>\right</literal> delimiter is specified + using a <emphasis>period</emphasis>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="ellipsis-title">Ellipsis</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>Ellipsis</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>Ellipses (three dots) can be produced by the + following commands + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\ldots</literal> + horizontally at bottom of line + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\cdots</literal> + horizontally center of line + (math mode only) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\ddots</literal> + diagonal (math mode only) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\vdots</literal> + vertical (math mode only) + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="greek-letters-title">Greek Letters</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>Greek Letters</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>These commands may be used only in math mode: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\alpha</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\beta</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\gamma</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\delta</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\epsilon</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\varepsilon</literal> (variation, + script-like)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\zeta</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\eta</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\theta</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\vartheta</literal> (variation, + script-like)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\iota</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\kappa</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\lambda</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\mu</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\nu</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\xi</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\pi</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\varpi</literal> (variation)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\rho</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\varrho</literal> (variation, + with the tail)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\sigma</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\varsigma</literal> (variation, + script-like)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\tau</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\upsilon</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\phi</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\varphi</literal> (variation, + script-like)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\chi</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\psi</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\omega</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + <para> + Capital letters: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Gamma</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Delta</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Theta</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Lambda</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Xi</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Pi</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Sigma</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Upsilon</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Phi</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Psi</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>\Omega</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + <para> + See also: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><link linkend="math-symbols-title">Math Symbols</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><link linkend="accents-on-chars-title">Accents</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><link linkend="misc-symbols-title">Miscellaneous Symbols</link> + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="misc-symbols-title">Miscellaneous Symbols</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>Symbols</primary> + <secondary>Miscellaneous</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Some symbols for math</bridgehead> + <para>The following symbols are also used only in math mode + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-aleph"><literal>\aleph</literal> + Hebrew aleph</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-hbar"><literal>\hbar</literal> + h-bar, Planck's constant</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-imath"><literal>\imath</literal> + variation on <emphasis>i</emphasis>; no dot + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-jmath"><literal>\jmath</literal> + variation on <emphasis>j</emphasis>; no dot + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-ell"><literal>\ell</literal> + script (loop) <emphasis>l</emphasis> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-wp"><literal>\wp</literal> + fancy script lowercase <emphasis>P</emphasis> + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-re"><literal>\Re</literal> + script capital <emphasis>R</emphasis> + (<emphasis>Real</emphasis>) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-im"><literal>\Im</literal> + script capital <emphasis>I</emphasis> + (<emphasis>Imaginary</emphasis>) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-prime"><literal>\prime</literal> + prime (also obtained by typing + <literal>'</literal>) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-nabla"><literal>\nabla</literal> + inverted capital Delta + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-surd"><literal>\surd</literal> + radical (square root) symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-angle"><literal>\angle</literal> + angle symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-forall"><literal>\forall</literal> + <emphasis>for all</emphasis> (inverted A) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-exists"><literal>\exists</literal> + <emphasis>exists</emphasis> (left-facing E) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-partial"><literal>\partial</literal> + partial derivative symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-infty"><literal>\infty</literal> + infinity symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-triangle"><literal>\triangle</literal> + open triangle symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-box"><literal>\Box</literal> + open square + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-diamond"><literal>\Diamond</literal> + open diamond + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-flat"><literal>\flat</literal> + music: flat symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-natural"><literal>\natural</literal> + music: natural symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-clubsuit"><literal>\clubsuit</literal> + playing cards: club suit symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-diamondsuit"><literal>\diamondsuit</literal> + playing cards: diamond suit symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-heartsuit"><literal>\heartsuit</literal> + playing cards: heart suit symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-misc-symbol-spadsuit"><literal>\spadesuit</literal> + playing cards: space suit symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Some Other Symbols</bridgehead> + <para>The following symbols can be used in any mode: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-other-symbol-dag"><literal>\dag</literal> + dagger + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-other-symbol-ddag">><literal>\ddag</literal> + double dagger + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-other-symbol-s">><literal>\S</literal> + section symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-other-symbol-p">><literal>\P</literal> + paragraph symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-other-symbol-copyright">><literal>\copyright</literal> + copyright symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-other-symbol-pounds">><literal>\pounds</literal> + British pound sterling symbol + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Calligraphic Style Letters</bridgehead> + <para>Twenty-six calligraphic letters are + provided (the upper case alphabet). These + can only be used in math mode. + </para> + <para>In &latex; 2.09 they are produced with the + <literal>\cal</literal> declaration: + <programlisting>${\cal A}$</programlisting> + In &latex2e; they are obtained with the + <literal>\mathcal</literal> command: + <programlisting>$\mathcal{CAL}$</programlisting> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="math-functions-title">Math Functions</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>Math Functions</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>Functions like <emphasis>log</emphasis> or + <emphasis>cos</emphasis> are normally used in + math mode. However, inmath mode strings of letters + are treated as a product of variables, which + would normally be displayed in math italics rather + than a text font which would be appropriate for + these functions. To get proper display of such functions + they are generated with &latex; commands. + </para> + <para>Some of these commands are: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-arccos"><literal>\arccos</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-arcsin"><literal>\arcsin</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-arctan"><literal>\arctan</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-cos"><literal>\cos</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-cosh"><literal>\cosh</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-cot"><literal>\cot</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-coth"><literal>\coth</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-csc"><literal>\csc</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-deg"><literal>\deg</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-det"><literal>\det</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-dim"><literal>\dim</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-exp"><literal>\exp</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-gcd"><literal>\gcd</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-hom"><literal>\hom</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-inf"><literal>\inf</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-ker"><literal>\ker</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-lg"><literal>\lg</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-lim"><literal>\lim</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-liminf"><literal>\liminf</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-limsup"><literal>\limsup</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-ln"><literal>\ln</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-log"><literal>\log</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-max"><literal>\max</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-min"><literal>\min</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-sec"><literal>\sec</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-sin"><literal>\sin</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-sinh"><literal>\sinh</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-sup"><literal>\sup</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-tan"><literal>\tan</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-tanh"><literal>\tanh</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + <para>Two commands are provided for the "modulus" function + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-bmod"><literal>\bmod</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-func-pmod"><literal>\pmod{}</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + The former would be used to write "a mod b" as + <literal>a \bmod b</literal> + and the latter, which requires an argument that is + displayed in parentheses, would be used to write + "n = i (mod j)" as <literal>n = i \pmod{j}</literal> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="variable-math-size-symbols-title">Variable Size Math Symbols</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>Math Symbols, Variable Size</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>The size of some mathematical symbols, notably + summation signs, product signs, and + integral signs, depends on the environment in which they + appear (i.e., <literal>displaymath</literal> + as opposed to <literal>math</literal> environments. + </para> + <para>These include: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-sum"><literal>\sum</literal> + a summation sign (capital sigma)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-prod"><literal>\prod</literal> + a product (capital pi)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-coprod"><literal>\coprod</literal> + a coproduct (inverted capital pi)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-int"><literal>\int</literal> + an integral sign</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-oint"><literal>\oint</literal> + a surface (circular) integral sign</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-bigcup"><literal>\bigcup</literal> + big "U"</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-bigcap"><literal>\bigcap</literal> + big inverted "U"</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-bigvee"><literal>\bigvee</literal> + big "V"</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-bigwedge"><literal>\bigwedge</literal> + big inverted "V"</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-bigodot"><literal>\bigodot</literal> + big "O" with dot at center</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-bigotimes"><literal>\bigotimes</literal> + big "O" with cross inside</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-bigoplus"><literal>\bigoplus</literal> + big "O" with a + inside</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara id="cmd-math-symbol-biguplus"><literal>\biguplus</literal> + big "U" with a + inside</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\sqrt</literal> command also + produces a variable size symbol appropriate for + the size of hte radicand argument. + </para> + <para>The "limits" associated with these symbols are entered + as <emphasis>subscripts</emphasis> for entries appearing + below the symbol and as <emphasis>superscripts</emphasis> + for entries appearing above the symbol. + For example the sum from n=0 to infinity of + x<superscript>n</superscript> would be entered as + <programlisting>\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} x_{n}</programlisting> + The actual placement of the limits depends on whether + this is in <literal>displaymath</literal> mode in which + case they are placed below/above + or in <emphasis>math</emphasis> mode in running text + in which case they are placed as regular + subscripts and superscripts. + </para> + <para>Note that it is possible to treat several of + these symbols (a common example would be a double sum) + as a single symbol for placing limits above and/or + below by using the <literal>\mathop</literal> command. + </para> + <para><emphasis>Hats</emphasis> and + <emphasis>tildes</emphasis> over symbols which stretch + (as best they can) to the correct size for their + arguments are produced by <literal>\widehat</literal> + and <literal>\widetilde</literal> + </para> + + </section> + + + <section id="splitting-the-input"> + <title id="splitting-the-input-title">Splitting the Input</title> + <indexterm><primary>Splitting the input file</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Input file, splitting</primary></indexterm> + + <para>A large document requires a lot of input. Rather than + putting the whole input in a single large file, it's more + efficient to split it into several smaller ones. + Regardless of how many separate files you use, there is + one that is the root file; it is the one whose name you + type when you run &latex;. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-include-title">\include</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\include</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\include{file}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\include</literal> command is used in + conjunction with the <literal>\includeonly</literal> + command for selective inclusion of files. The + <literal>file</literal> argument is the first name of a + file, denoting <filename>file.tex</filename>. If + <literal>file</literal> is one the file names in the + file list of the <literal>\includeonly</literal> command + or if there is no <literal>\includeonly</literal> + command, the <literal>\include</literal> command is + equivalent to + </para> + <programlisting> +\clearpage \input{file} \clearpage</programlisting> + + <para>except that if the file + <filename>file.tex</filename> does not exist, then a + warning message rather than an error is produced. If + the file is not in the file list, the + <literal>\include</literal> command is equivalent to + <literal>\clearpage</literal>. + </para> + <para>The <literal>\include</literal> command may not appear + in the preamble or in a file read by another + <literal>\include</literal> command. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-includeonly-title">\includeonly</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\includeonly</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\includeonly{</literal><emphasis>file_list</emphasis><literal>}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\includeonly</literal> command controls + which files will be read in by an + <literal>\include</literal> command. + <emphasis>file_list</emphasis> should be a + comma-separated list of filenames. Each filename must + match exactly a filename specified in a + <literal>\include</literal> command. This command can + only appear in the preamble. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-input-title">\input</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\input</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\input{file}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\input</literal> command causes the + indicated <literal>file</literal> to be read and processed, + exactly as if its contents had been inserted in the current + file at that point. The file name may be a complete file + name with extension or just a first name, in which case the + file <filename>file.tex</filename> is used. + </para> + + </section> + + + <section id="starting-and-ending"> + <title id="starting-and-ending-title">Starting & Ending</title> + <indexterm><primary>Starting & Ending</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Ending & Starting</primary></indexterm> + + <para>Your input file must contain the following commands as a minimum: + </para> + <programlisting> +\documentclass{class} +\begin{document} + ... your text goes here ... +\end{document}</programlisting> + + <para>where the <literal>class</literal> selected is one of the + valid classes for &latex;. See <link linkend="document-classes">Document Classes</link> (and see + <link linkend="overview">&overview;</link>), for details of the + various document classes available locally. + </para> + <para>You may include other &latex; commands between the + <literal>\documentclass</literal> and the + <literal>\begin{document}</literal> commands (i.e., in the + `preamble'). + </para> + + </section> + + + <section id="table-of-contents"> + <title id="table-of-contents-title">Table of Contents</title> + <indexterm><primary>Table of Contents, creating</primary></indexterm> + + <para>A table of contents is produced with the + <literal>\tableofcontents</literal> + <indexterm><primary>\tableofcontents</primary></indexterm> + command. You put the command right where you want the table of + contents to go; &latex; does the rest for you. It produces a + heading, but it does not automatically start a new page. If + you want a new page after the table of contents, include a + <literal>\newpage</literal> command after the + <literal>\tableofcontents</literal> command. + </para> + <para>There are similar commands + <literal>\listoffigures</literal> + <indexterm><primary>\listoffigures</primary></indexterm> and + <literal>\listoftables</literal> + <indexterm><primary>\listoftables</primary></indexterm> for + producing a list of figures and a list of tables, + respectively. Everything works exactly the same as for the + table of contents. </para> + <para>NOTE: If you want any of + these items to be generated, you cannot have the + <literal>\nofiles</literal> + <indexterm><primary>\nofiles</primary></indexterm> command in + your document. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-addcontentsline-title">\addcontentsline</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\addcontentsline</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\addcontentsline{file}{sec_unit}{entry}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\addcontentsline</literal> command adds an + entry to the specified list or table where: + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>file</literal> is the extension of the file + on which information is to be written: + <literal>toc</literal> (table of contents), + <literal>lof</literal> (list of figures), or + <literal>lot</literal> (list of tables). + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>sec_unit</literal> controls the formatting + of the entry. It should be one of the following, + depending upon the value of the file argument: + </simpara><orderedlist><listitem> + <simpara><literal>toc</literal> --- the name of the + sectional unit, such as part or subsection. + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>lof</literal> --- figure + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>lot</literal> --- table + </simpara></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>entry</literal> is the text of the entry. + </simpara></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-addtocontents-title">\addtocontents</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\addtocontents</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\addtocontents{file}{text}</literal> + </para> + <para>The <literal>\addtocontents</literal> command adds text + (or formatting commands) directly to the file that generates + the table of contents or list of figures or tables. + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>file</literal> is the extension of the file + on which information is to be written: + <literal>toc</literal> (table of contents), + <literal>lof</literal> (list of figures), or + <literal>lot</literal> (list of tables). + </simpara></listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>text</literal> is the information to be + written. + </simpara></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + </section> + + <section id="terminal-input-slash-output"> + <title id="terminal-input-slash-output-title">Terminal Input/Output</title> + <indexterm><primary>Input/Output</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Terminal Input/Output</primary></indexterm> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-typein-title">\typein</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\typein</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\typein[cmd]{msg}</literal> + </para> + + <para>Prints <literal>msg</literal> on the terminal and + causes &latex; to stop and wait for you to type a line + of input, ending with return. If the + <literal>cmd</literal> argument is missing, the typed + input is processed as if it had been included in the + input file in place of the <literal>\typein</literal> + command. If the <literal>cmd</literal> argument is + present, it must be a command name. This command name + is then defined or redefined to be the typed input. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="cmd-typeout-title">\typeout</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>\typeout</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\typeout{msg}</literal> + </para> + <para>Prints <literal>msg</literal> on the terminal and in the + <literal>log</literal> file. Commands in + <literal>msg</literal> that are defined with + <literal>\newcommand</literal> or + <literal>\renewcommand</literal> are replaced by their + definitions before being printed. + </para> + + <para>&latex;'s usual rules for treating multiple spaces + as a single space and ignoring spaces after a command + name apply to <literal>msg</literal>. A + <literal>\space</literal> command in + <literal>msg</literal> causes a single space to be + printed. A <literal>^^J</literal> in + <literal>msg</literal> prints a newline. + </para> + + </section> + + <section id="typefaces"> + <title id="typefaces-title">Typefaces</title> + <indexterm><primary>Typefaces</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Fonts</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The <literal>typeface</literal> is specified by giving the + <emphasis>size</emphasis> and <emphasis>style</emphasis>. + A typeface is also called a <emphasis>font</emphasis>. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="styles-title">\Styles</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>Font Styles</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Typeface Styles</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Styles of text</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The following type style commands are supported by + &latex;. + </para> + <para>These commands are used like <literal>\textit{italics + text}</literal>. The corresponding command in parenthesis + is the <emphasis>declaration form</emphasis>, which + takes no arguments. The + scope of the declaration form lasts until the next type + style command or the end of the current group. + </para> + <para>The declaration forms are cumulative; i.e., you can say + <literal>\sffamily\bfseries</literal> to get sans serif + boldface. + </para> + <para>You can also use the environment form of the declaration + forms; e.g. + <literal>\begin{ttfamily}...\end{ttfamily}</literal>. + </para> + <table frame="none"> + <title>Typefaces</title> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\textrm (\rmfamily) + <indexterm><primary>\textrm</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\rmfamily</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Roman. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\textit (\itshape) + <indexterm><primary>\textit</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\itshape</primary></indexterm>, + \emph + <indexterm><primary>\emph</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Emphasis (toggles between \textit and \textrm). + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\textmd (\mdseries) + <indexterm><primary>\textmd</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\mdseries</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Medium weight (default). The opposite of + boldface. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\textbf (\bfseries) + <indexterm><primary>\textbf</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\bfseries</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Boldface. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\textup (\upshape) + <indexterm><primary>\textup</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\upshape</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Upright (default). The opposite of slanted. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\textsl (\slshape) + <indexterm><primary>\textsl</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\slshape</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Slanted. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\textsf (\sffamily) + <indexterm><primary>\textsf</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\sffamily</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Sans serif. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\textsc (\scshape) + <indexterm><primary>\textsc</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\scshape</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Small caps. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\texttt (\ttfamily) + <indexterm><primary>\texttt</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\ttfamily</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Typewriter. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\textnormal (\normalfont) + <indexterm><primary>\textnormal</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\normalfont</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Main document font. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\mathrm + <indexterm><primary>\mathrm</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Roman, for use in math mode. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\mathbf + <indexterm><primary>\mathbf</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Boldface, for use in math mode. + For bold symbols or complete equations take a look at + <link linkend="boldsymbol-linkend"><literal>\boldsymbol</literal></link> + and <link linkend="cmd-bm"><literal>\bm</literal></link>. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\mathsf + <indexterm><primary>\mathsf</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Sans serif, for use in math mode. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\mathtt + <indexterm><primary>\mathtt</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Typewriter, for use in math mode. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\mathit + <indexterm><primary>\mathit</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Italics, for use in math mode, e.g. variable + names with several letters. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\mathnormal + <indexterm><primary>\mathnormal</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>For use in math mode, e.g. inside another type + style declaration. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\mathcal + <indexterm><primary>\mathcal</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>`Calligraphic' letters, for use in math mode. + </entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + <para>In addition, the command + <literal>\mathversion{bold}</literal> + <indexterm><primary>\mathversion</primary></indexterm> can + be used for switching to bold letters and symbols in + formulas. <literal>\mathversion{normal}</literal> restores + the default. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="sizes-title">Sizes</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>Font Sizes</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Typeface Sizes</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Sizes of text</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The following standard type size commands are supported + by &latex;. + </para> + <para>The commands as listed here are "declaration forms". The + scope of the declaration form lasts until the next type + style command or the end of the current group. + </para> + <para>You can also use the environment form of these commands; + e.g. <literal>\begin{tiny}...\end{tiny}</literal>. + </para> + <table frame="none"> + <title>Standard type size commands</title> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>\tiny<indexterm> + <primary>\tiny</primary> + </indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>\scriptsize + <indexterm><primary>\scriptsize</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>\footnotesize + <indexterm><primary>\footnotesize</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>\small + <indexterm><primary>\small</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>\normalsize + <indexterm><primary>\normalsize</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>(default)</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>\large + <indexterm><primary>\large</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>\Large + <indexterm><primary>\Large</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>\LARGE + <indexterm><primary>\LARGE</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>\huge + <indexterm><primary>\huge</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry> + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>\Huge + <indexterm><primary>\Huge</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry></entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5" id="low-dash-level-font-commands-title">Low-level font commands</bridgehead> + <indexterm><primary>Low-level font commands</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Font commands, low-level</primary></indexterm> + + <para>These commands are primarily intended for writers of + macros and packages. The commands listed here are only a + subset of the available ones. For full details, you + should consult Chapter 7 of <citetitle>The &latex; + Companion</citetitle>. + </para> + + <table frame="none"> + <title>Low-level font commands</title> + <tgroup cols="2"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\fontencoding{enc} + <indexterm><primary>\fontencoding</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Select font encoding. Valid encodings include + <literal>OT1</literal> and <literal>T1</literal>. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\fontfamily{family} + <indexterm><primary>\fontfamily</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Select font family. Valid families include: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem><simpara><literal>cmr</literal> for + Computer Modern Roman + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara><literal>cmss</literal> for + Computer Modern Sans Serif + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara><literal>cmtt</literal> for + Computer Modern Typewriter + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> and numerous others. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\fontseries{series} + <indexterm><primary>\fontseries</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Select font series. Valid series include: + + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem><simpara><literal>m</literal> Medium + (normal) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara><literal>b</literal> Bold + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara><literal>c</literal> Condensed + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara><literal>bc</literal> Bold + condensed + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara><literal>bx</literal> Bold + extended + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> and various other combinations. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\fontshape{shape} + <indexterm><primary>\fontshape</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Select font shape. Valid shapes are: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem><simpara><literal>n</literal> Upright + (normal) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara><literal>it</literal> Italic + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara><literal>sl</literal> Slanted + (oblique) + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara><literal>sc</literal> Small caps + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara><literal>ui</literal> Upright + italics + </simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem><simpara><literal>ol</literal> Outline + </simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> The two last shapes are not + available for most font families. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\fontsize{size}{skip} + <indexterm><primary>\fontsize</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Set font size. The first parameter is the font + size to switch to; the second is the + <literal>\baselineskip</literal> to use. The unit of + both parameters defaults to pt. A rule of thumb is + that the baselineskip should be 1.2 times the font + size. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\selectfont + <indexterm><primary>\selectfont</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>The changes made by calling the four font + commands described above do not come into effect + until <literal>\selectfont</literal> is called. + </entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"><entry>\usefont{enc}{family}{series}{shape} + <indexterm><primary>\usefont</primary></indexterm> + </entry> + <entry>Equivalent to calling + <literal>\fontencoding</literal>, + <literal>\fontfamily</literal>, + <literal>\fontseries</literal> and + <literal>\fontshape</literal> with the given + parameters, followed by + <literal>\selectfont</literal>. + </entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="parameters"> + <title id="parameters-title">Parameters</title> + <indexterm><primary>Parameters</primary></indexterm> + + <para>The input file specification indicates the file to be + formatted; &tex; uses <filename>.tex</filename> as a default file + extension. If you omit the input file entirely, &tex; accepts + input from the terminal. You specify command options by + supplying a string as a parameter to the command; e.g. + </para> + <para><literal>latex \scrollmode\input foo.tex</literal> + </para> + <para>will process <filename>foo.tex</filename> without pausing + after every error. + </para> + <para>Output files are always created in the current directory. + When you fail to specify an input file name, &tex; bases the + output names on the file specification associated with the + logical name TEX_OUTPUT, typically + <literal>texput.log</literal>. + </para> + + </section> + + </section> + + + <section id="latex-packages"> + <title id="latex-packages-title">&latex; Packages</title> + <indexterm><primary>LaTeX Packages</primary></indexterm> + + <section id="amsmath"> + <title id="amsmath-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">amsmath</filename></title> + <indexterm><primary>amsmath</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>amsmath</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para><literal>amsmath</literal> consists of several packages + to aid in typesetting math. + </para> + <para> + <variablelist id="boldsymbol-linkend" role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\boldsymbol</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>\boldsymbol</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>Produces a bold math symbol. When not only + a single symbol, but a complete equation has to + be bold you might consider using the superior + <link linkend="cmd-bm"><literal>\bm</literal></link> + command which takes + better care of spacing.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="pmb-linkend"> + <term><literal>\pmb</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>\pmb</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>Can be used for mathematic symbols, when no + bold version is available. It prints the standard + symbol several times slightly shifted and is + inferior to a real bold font! + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="dcolumn"> + <title id="dcolumn-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">dcolumn</filename></title> + <indexterm><primary>dcolumn</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>dcolumn</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para><literal>\usepackage{dcolumn}</literal></para> + <para>Defines a system for defining columns of entries in an + <literal>array</literal> or <literal>tabular</literal> + which are to be aligned on a + <emphasis>decimal point</emphasis>. + </para> + <para> + This package defines <literal>D</literal> to be a column + specifier with three arguments: + <programlisting>D{sep.tex}{sep.dvi}{decimal places}</programlisting> + </para> + <para><literal>sep.tex</literal> should be a single character, + this is used as the separator in the <literal>.tex</literal> + file. It will usually be '<literal>.</literal>' or + '<literal>,</literal>'. + </para> + <para><literal>sep.dvi</literal> is used as the separator in the + output. + </para> + <para><literal>decimal places</literal> should be the maximum + number of decimal places in the column. + </para> + <para><literal>\newcolumntype</literal> can be used to define + own column types. + </para> + </section> + + + + <section id="float"> + <title id="float-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">float</filename></title> + <indexterm><primary>float</primary></indexterm> + <note> + <para>The contents of this section was taken from + the documentation of <filename>float</filename> v1.3d of 2001/11/08. + </para> + </note> + + <para><quote>This style option improves the interface for defining + objects such as figures and tabels in &latex;. It adds the + notion of a <emphasis>float style</emphasis> that governs the + appearance of floats.</quote> + </para> + + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\newfloat{<placement>}{<ext>}[<within>]</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm><primary>\newfloat</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>float</primary> + <secondary>\newfloat</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Add a new class of floats.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\floatstyle{<style>}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm><primary>\floatstyle</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>float</primary> + <secondary>\floatstyle</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Sets a default float style.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\floatname{<style>}{<name>}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm><primary>\floatname</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>float</primary> + <secondary>\floatname</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Define the <emphasis>float name</emphasis> used + in the caption of a float.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\floatplacement{<>}{<placement>}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm><primary>\floatplacement</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>float</primary> + <secondary>\floatplacement</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Resets the default placement specifier of a class of floats.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\restylefloat<style></literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm><primary>\restylefloat</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>float</primary> + <secondary>\restylefloat</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Change styles for the standard float types + <literal>figure</literal> and <literal>table</literal>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\listof{<type>}{<title>}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm><primary>\listof</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>float</primary> + <secondary>\listof</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Produces a list of all floats of a given class.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + + </section> + + + <section id="fontenc"> + <title id="fontenc-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">fontenc</filename></title> + <indexterm><primary>fontenc</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}</literal> + </para> + <para> + chooses T1-fonts and allows correct automatic hyphenation. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="german"> + <title id="german-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">german</filename></title> + <indexterm><primary>german</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>german</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Das <literal>german</literal> Paket muß geladen sein:</para> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>"a</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>"a</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>erzeugt ein <emphasis>ä</emphasis></para> + <para>entsprechend <literal>"o</literal>, + <literal>"u</literal>, <literal>"A</literal>, + <literal>"O</literal>, <literal>"U</literal>, + <literal>"s (ß)</literal></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>"ck</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>"ck</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>wird bei Trennung zu <literal>k-k</literal></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>"ff</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>"ff</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>wird bei Trennung zu <literal>ff-f</literal> + </para> + <para>entsprechend <literal>"ll</literal>, + <literal>"mm</literal>, <literal>"pp</literal>, + <literal>"rr</literal>, <literal>"tt</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\glqq</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>\glqq</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>oder <literal>"`</literal> + erzeugt untere doppelte Anführungszeichen + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="cmd-grqq"> + <term><literal>\grqq</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>\grqq</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>oder <literal>"'</literal> + erzeugt obere doppelte Anführungszeichen + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\glq</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>\glq</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>erzeugt untere einfache Anführungszeichen + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\flqq</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>\flqq</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>oder <literal>"<</literal> + doppelte linke französische Anführungszeichen + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\frqq</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>\frqq</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>oder <literal>"></literal> + doppelte rechte französische Anführungszeichen + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\flq</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>\flq</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>einfache linke französische Anführungszeichen + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\frq</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>\frq</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>einfache rechte französische Anführungszeichen + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>"|</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>"|</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>verhindert eine Ligatur an der Stelle</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\-</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>\-</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>markiert mögliche Trennstelle, im restlichen + Wort ist keine Trennung mehr möglich + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>"-</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>!-</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Trennvorschlag, der Rest des Wortes kann + noch automatisch getrennt werden + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>""</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>""</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Trennvorschlag, bei dem bei einer Trennung + kein Bindestrich eingefügt wird + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>"~</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>"~</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Bindestrich, an dem nicht getrennt werden darf</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>"=</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>"=</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Bindestrich, an dem getrennt werden darf</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\dq</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary>\dq</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>erzeugt ein nicht-typographisches gerades + Anführungszeichen + </para> + <programlisting>\texttt{\dq}</programlisting> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal><</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>german</primary> + <secondary><</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>oder <literal>\dq</literal> ergibt das + Zoll-Zeichen + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + + </para> + </section> + + <section id="graphics"> + <title id="graphics-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">graphics</filename></title> + <indexterm><primary>graphics</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>graphics</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Look up details in <filename>grfguide</filename>.</para> + + <section id="includegraphics"> + <title id="includegraphics-title">\includegraphics</title> + <indexterm><primary>\includegraphics</primary></indexterm> + <para><literal>\includegraphics[]{picture-name}</literal> + </para> + <para> + File extensions of the graphics should be omitted, so it's + easier to change the format (for example for pdf or ps + output). + </para> + </section> + + <section id="graphicspath"> + <title id="graphicspath-title">\graphicspath</title> + <indexterm><primary>\graphicspath</primary></indexterm> + <para><literal>\graphicspath{dir-list}</literal> + </para> + <para><literal>dir-list</literal> is a list of absolute or + relative paths, where the command + <link linkend="includegraphics"><literal>\includegraphics{}</literal></link> + searches for the graphic files: + </para> + <para><literal>\graphicspath{{eps/}{tiff/}}</literal> would + cause the system to look in the subdirectories + <literal>eps</literal> and <literal>tiff</literal> of the + current directory. This is unix syntax, on a Mac it would + be: + </para> + <para><literal>\graphicspath{{:eps:}{:tiff:}}</literal> + </para> + <para>Under Windows/DOS use also the slash + <literal>/</literal> to separate directories. Not all tex + installations can handle filenames with spaces. So it's + better to avoid them. + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="hyperref"> + <title id="hyperref-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">hyperref</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>hyperref</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>For more infos read in the book + <emphasis>&latex; Web Companion</emphasis> + or <emphasis>Mit &latex; ins Web</emphasis>. + </para> + + <section id="hyperref-options"> + <title id="hyperref-options-title">Options</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term>4</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>4</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + use Acrobat 4 features (default: <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>a4paper, a5paper, b5paper, legalpaper, letterpaper, + executivepaper + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>a4paper</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>a5paper</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>b5paper</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>legalpaper</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>letterpaper</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>executivepaper</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + use the specified paper size. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>anchorcolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>anchorcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + set color of anchors (default: <literal>black</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>backref</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>backref</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + do bibliographical back references (default: + <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>baseurl</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>baseurl</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + set base URL for document + (default: <literal>empty</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>bookmarks</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>bookmarks</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + make bookmarks (default: <literal>true</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>bookmarksnumbered</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>bookmarksnumbered</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + put section numbers in bookmarks (default: + <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>bookmarksopen</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>bookmarksopen</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + open up bookmark tree (default: <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>bookmarksopenlevel</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>bookmarksopenlevel</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + level to which bookmarks are open + (default: <literal>\maxdimen</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>bookmarkstype</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>bookmarkstype</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + to specify which `toc' file to mimic toc. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>breaklinks</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>breaklinks</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + allow links to break over lines (default: + <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>citebordercolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>citebordercolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of border around cites (default: + <literal>0 1 0</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>citecolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>citecolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of citation links (default: <literal>green</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>colorlinks</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>colorlinks</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color links (default: <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>debug</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>debug</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + provide details of anchors defined + (same as verbose, default: <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>draft</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>draft</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + do not do any hyper linking (default: + <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>dvipdf, dvipdfm, dvips, dvipsone, dviwindo, hypertex</term> + <term>latex2html, pdftex, tex4ht, textures, ps2pdf, vtex</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>dvipdf</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>dvipdfm</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>dvips</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>dvipsone</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>dviwindo</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>hypertex</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>latex2html</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdftex</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>tex4ht</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>vtex</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>textures</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + use the specified backend. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>extension</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>extension</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + suffix of linked files (default: <literal>dvi</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>filebordercolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>filebordercolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of border around file links (default: + <literal>0 .5 .5</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>filecolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>filecolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of file links (default: <literal>cyan</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>frenchlinks</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>frenchlinks</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + use small caps instead of color for links (default: + <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>hyperfigures</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>hyperfigures</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + make figures hyper links (default: <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>hyperindex</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>hyperindex</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + set up hyperlinked indices (default: + <literal>true</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>hypertexnames</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>hypertexnames</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + use guessable names for links (default: + <literal>true</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>implicit</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>implicit</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + redefine &latex; internals (default: + <literal>true</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>linkbordercolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>linkbordercolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of border around links (default: + <literal>1 0 0</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>linkcolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>linkcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of links (default: <literal>red</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>linktocpage</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>linktocpage</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + make page number, not text, be link on TOC, LOF and LOT + (default: <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>menubordercolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>menubordercolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of border around menu links (default: + <literal>1 0 0</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>menucolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>menucolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color for menu links (default: <literal>red</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>naturalnames</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>naturalnames</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + use &latex;-computed names for links (default: + <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>nesting</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>nesting</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + allow nesting of links (default: <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pageanchor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pageanchor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + put an anchor on every page (default: + <literal>true</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pagebackref</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pagebackref</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + backreference by page number (default: + <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pagebordercolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pagebordercolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of border around page links (default: + <literal>1 1 0</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pagecolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pagecolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of page links (default: <literal>red</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfauthor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfauthor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + text for PDF Author field (default: empty). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfborder</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfborder</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + width of PDF link border + (default: <literal>0 0 1</literal>; + <literal>0 0 0</literal> for <literal>colorlinks</literal>) + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfcenterwindow</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfcenterwindow</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + position the document window center of the screen + (default: <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfcreator</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfcreator</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + text for PDF Creator field + (default: &latex; with hyperref package). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdffitwindow</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdffitwindow</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + resize document window to fit document size (default: + <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfhighlight</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfhighlight</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + set highlighting of PDF links (default: + <literal>/I</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfkeywords</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfkeywords</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + text for PDF Keywords field (default: empty). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfmenubar</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfmenubar</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + make PDF viewer's menu bar visible (default: + <literal>true</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfnewwindow</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfnewwindow</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + make links that open another PDF file start a new window + (default: <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfpagelayout</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfpagelayout</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + set layout of PDF pages (default: empty). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfpagemode</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfpagemode</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + set default mode of PDF display (default: empty). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfpagescrop</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfpagescrop</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + set crop size of PDF document (default: empty). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfpagetransition</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfpagetransition</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + set PDF page transition style (default: empty). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfproducer</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfproducer</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + text for PDF Producer field (default: empty). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfstartpage</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfstartpage</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + page at which PDF document opens (default: + <literal>1</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfstartview</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfstartview</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + starting view of PDF document (default: + <literal>/Fit</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfsubject</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfsubject</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + text for PDF Subject field (default: empty). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdftitle</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdftitle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + text for PDF Title field(default: empty). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdftoolbar</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdftoolbar</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + make PDF toolbar visible (default: <literal>true</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfview</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfview</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + PDF `view' when on link traversal (default: empty). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>pdfwindowui</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>pdfwindowui</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + make PDF user interface elements visible (default: + <literal>true</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>plainpages</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>plainpages</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + do page number anchors as plain arabic (default: + <literal>true</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>raiselinks</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>raiselinks</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + raise up links (for HyperTeX backend; default: + <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>runbordercolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>runbordercolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of border around run links (default: + <literal>0 .7 .7</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>unicode</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>unicode</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Unicode encoded pdf strings (default: + <literal>true</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>urlbordercolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>urlbordercolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of border around URL links (default: + <literal>0 1 1</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>urlcolor</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>urlcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + color of URL links (default: <literal>magenta</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>verbose</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>options</secondary> + <tertiary>verbose</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + be chatty (default: <literal>false</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="hyperref-commands"> + <title id="hyperref-commands-title">Commands</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\texorpdfstring{TeX-string}{pdf-string}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\texorpdfstring</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>allows different texts for PDF or &tex; creation. + <programlisting>\section{The role of \texorpdfstring{H$_2$O}{water}}</programlisting> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry id="href"> + <term><literal>\href{URL}{Text}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\href</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>the text will be resolved into a URL. + The URL must be complete, according to a + base-url which might be defined in a + <link linkend="cmd-hyperbaseurl"><literal>\hyperbaseurl</literal></link>. + <programlisting> +\href{http://www.karpfenteich.net/pit/}{Peter's input tips}</programlisting> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term id="cmd-hyperbaseurl"><literal>\hyperbaseurl{URL}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\hyperbaseurl</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>defines a base URL, which is preset to a given URL. + This helps to make portable documents. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\hyperimage{image-URL}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\hyperimage</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>includes the picture of the URL reference. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\hyperref{URL}{category}{name}{text}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\hyperref[mark]{text}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\hyperref</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para><literal>text</literal> is activated as a + hyperlink to the point which is defined with a + <link linkend="cmd-label-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">\label</filename></link> + command with the symbolic name <literal>mark</literal>. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\hyperlink{name}{text}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\hyertarget{name}{text}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\hyperlink</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\hypertarget</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para><literal>\hyperlink</literal> creates an internal + link to an object which is somewhere defined with + a <literal>\hypertarget</literal> command. + </para> + <para>For HTML the command <literal>\hyperlink</literal> + inserts a <literal>#</literal> character in + front of each link. Thus it'll refer to the + topical document, + while <literal>\href</literal> will expect a complete URL. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\autoref{marker}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\autoref</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para><literal>\autoref</literal> is a substitution + for the standard <literal>\ref</literal> command. + It inserts a context sensitive phrase. + <programlisting>see \autoref{foo}</programlisting> + </para> + <para>for a <literal>\label</literal> in a section + will output <emphasis>see section 3</emphasis> for an example. + </para> + <para>There are macros to change the default output + with the help of the <literal>\renewcommand</literal>: + <programlisting> +\figurename *\figurename* +\tablename *\tablename* +\partname *\partname* +\appendixname *\appendixname* +\equationname *\equationname* +\Itemname *\Itemname* +\chaptername *\chaptername* +\sectionname *\sectionname* +\subsectionname *\subsesctionname* +\subsubsectionname *\subsubsectionname* +\paragraphname *\paragraphname* +\Hfootnotename *\Hfootnotename* +\AMSname *\AMSname* +\theoremname *\theoremname*</programlisting> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term id="cmd-nolinkurl"><literal>\nolinkurl</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>hyperref</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\nolinkurl</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>Allows line breaks in a verbatim like + environment like <literal>\url</literal>, but + without the hyperlink function. This is + useful to define own commands like this example: + <programlisting> +\newcommand*{\urlw}[1]{\href{http://www.#1}% + {\nolinkurl{www.#1}}}</programlisting> + </para> + <para>This new defined command <literal>\urlw</literal> + allows the user to typeset a linkable (this + function is offered by + <literal>\href</literal>) + <literal>www.example.org</literal> address in the + latex source like this: + <programlisting> +\urlw{example.org}</programlisting> + </para> + <para>This will produce the string + <literal>www.example.org</literal> which + is hyperlinked and breakable (when the driver like + &pdftex; allows line breaks in links). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + + </section> + </section> + + <section id="inputenc"> + <title id="inputenc-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">inputenc</filename></title> + <indexterm><primary>inputenc</primary></indexterm> + + <para><literal>\usepackage[encoding name]{inputenc}</literal> + </para> + <para>Allows to specify an input encoding for direct input of + character codes > 127, e.g. accented characters. + </para> + <para>Important encodings are: + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>latin9, latin1</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Linux, Unix, VMS</simpara> + <indexterm><primary>latin1</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>latin9</primary></indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ansinew</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Windows (codepage 1252)</simpara> + <indexterm><primary>ansinew</primary></indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>cp850</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>OS/2, MSDOS (codpage 850)</simpara> + <indexterm><primary>cp850</primary></indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>applemac</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Apple Macintosh</simpara> + <indexterm><primary>applemac</primary></indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="komascript"> + <title id="komascript-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">&komascript;</filename></title> + <indexterm><primary>&komascript;</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>&komascript;</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>The <literal>&komascript;</literal> package has a + very detailed and well written documentation. + Read the <literal>scrguide</literal> for further information! :-) + </para> + + <!-- --> + <section id="komascript-page-layout"> + <title id="komascript-page-layout-title">Page-Layout</title> + <para><literal>\typearea[BCOR]{DIV}</literal></para> + <indexterm> + <primary>\typearea</primary> + </indexterm> + <para><literal>\areaset[BCOR]{Breite}{Höhe}</literal></para> + <indexterm> + <primary>\areaset</primary> + </indexterm> + </section> + + <section id="komascript-options"> + <title id="komascript-options-title">Options</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term>headinclude, headexclude</term> + <term>footinclude, footexclude</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>headinclude</primary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>headexclude</primary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>footinclude</primary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>footexclude</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>will determine if headers and footers are used in the + calculation of the page size. Default is exclude. + Include will make the text area smaller. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>DIV</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>DIV</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>is a factor which determins how large the used page + size is. This method takes care of good + typography. + </para> + <para>Try values between 10 and 15. Higher values + will cause smaller margins. An example would be: + <literal>DIV12</literal>. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>BCOR</term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>BCOR</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>Binding correction. Takes care of the loss of the + visible paper size when the paper is cut and a book is + bound. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="komascript-scrlttr2"> + <title id="komascript-scrlttr2-title">Letter Class <literal>scrlttr2</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <para>This reference is based on the excellent + <literal>scrguien.pdf</literal> from 2002-09-06. + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Options</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>options</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Defining Options Later</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>\KOMAoptions{}</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\KOMAoptions{options list}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Use this to change options after loading the + class. List single or multiple options, + separated by commas. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Page Layout Options</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>page layout</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>paper=format</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Defines the paper format.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>BCOR=length</literal></term> + <term><literal>DIV=value</literal></term> + <term><literal>headlines=count</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Divisor, binding correction, and number + of headlines.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>enlargefirstpage</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>If <emphasis>true</emphasis> some more + text would fit on the first page + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Other Layout Options</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>other layout</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>other layout</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>twoside</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Activate possibilities of a double-sided + document, but stay with with the one-sided + layout as far as possible.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>cleardoublepage=style</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Inserted pages by + <literal>\cleardoublepage</literal> get one of + these page styles: + </simpara> + <para> + <itemizedlist> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>empty</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>plain</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara><literal>standard</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>headsepline</literal></term> + <term><literal>footsepline</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Insert a separator line below the head or + above the foot.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>mpinclude</literal></term> + <term><literal>mpexclude</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>These two options of the + <literal>typearea</literal> package should not + be used with <literal>scrlttr2</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>pagenumber=position</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>This option defines if and where a page + number will be placed. Possible values are: + </simpara> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>bot</literal></term> + <term><literal>foot</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number in foot, horizontal + position not changed</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>botcenter</literal></term> + <term><literal>botcentered</literal></term> + <term><literal>botmiddle</literal></term> + <term><literal>footcenter</literal></term> + <term><literal>footcentered</literal></term> + <term><literal>footmiddle</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number infoot,centered</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>botleft</literal></term> + <term><literal>footleft</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number in foot, left + justified + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>botrigth</literal></term> + <term><literal>footright</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number in foot, right + justified + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>center</literal></term> + <term><literal>centered</literal></term> + <term><literal>middle</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number centered + horizontally, vertical position not + changed + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>false</literal></term> + <term><literal>no</literal></term> + <term><literal>off</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>No page number</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>head</literal></term> + <term><literal>top</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number in head, horizontal + position not changed + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>headcenter</literal></term> + <term><literal>headcentered</literal></term> + <term><literal>headmiddle</literal></term> + <term><literal>topcenter</literal></term> + <term><literal>topcentered</literal></term> + <term><literal>topmiddle</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number in head, centered</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>headleft</literal></term> + <term><literal>topleft</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number in head, left + justified + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>headright</literal></term> + <term><literal>topright</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number in head, right + justified + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>left</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number left, vertical + position not changed</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>right</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number right, vertical + position not changed + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + <simpara>Default is <literal>botcenter</literal> + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>parskip=value</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Mark paragraphs alternatively by vertical + skip. Possible values are: + </simpara> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>false</literal></term> + <term><literal>off</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Paragraph indentation instead of + verticalk space</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>full</literal></term> + <term><literal>on</literal></term> + <term><literal>true</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>One line vertical space between + paragraphs; at least 1 em free space in + the last line.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>full*</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>One line vertical space betwen + paragraphs; at least a quarter of a line + free space at the end of a paragraph. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>full+</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>One line vertical space betwen + paragraphs; at least a third of aline free + space at the end of a paragraph.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>full-</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>One line vertical space betwen + paragraphs; last line of a paragraph may + be arbitrarily filled.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>half</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Half a line vertical space + between paragraphs; at least 1 em free + space in the last line.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>half*</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Half a line vertical space + between paragraphs; at least a quarter of + a line free space at the end of a + paragraph. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>half+</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Half a line vertical space + between paragraphs; at least a third of + a line free space at the end of a + paragraph. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>half-</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>One line vertical space between + paragraphs; last line may be arbitrarily + filled.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + <simpara>Default is <literal>false</literal>.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Font Options</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>font options</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fontsize=size</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Font size of the document. Defaults + to <literal>12pt</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Options for Letterhead and Address</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>options for letterhead and address</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromalign</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Defines the placement of the from address + in the letterhead. Possible values are: + </simpara> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>center</literal></term> + <term><literal>centered</literal></term> + <term><literal>middle</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Return address centered.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>false</literal></term> + <term><literal>no</literal></term> + <term><literal>off</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Standard design for return + address. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>left</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Left justified return address.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>rigth</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Right justified return address. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + <simpara>Default is <literal>left</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromrule</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Allows to place a horizontal rule within + return address. Possible values are: + </simpara> + <para><variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>afteraddress</literal></term> + <term><literal>below</literal></term> + <term><literal>true</literal></term> + <term><literal>yes</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Line below return address</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>aftername</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Line right below sender's name</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>false</literal></term> + <term><literal>no</literal></term> + <term><literal>off</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>No line.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + <simpara>Default is <literal>false</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromphone</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Defines whether the phone number will be + part of the return address. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromfax</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Defines whether the facsimile number will + be part of the return address. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromemail</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Defines whether the email address will + be part of the return address.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromurl</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Defines whether the URL will + be part of the return address.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromlogo</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Defines whether the logo will + be part of the return address.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>addrfield</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Defines whether a return address field + will be set. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>backaddress</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Defines whether a return address for + window envelopes will be set. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>subject</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Choose of your subject should have a + title and if the subject should be set before or + after the opening. Possible values are: + </simpara> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>afteropening</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Set subject after opening.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>beforeopening</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Set subject before opening.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>titled</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Add title to subject.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>untitled</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Do not add title to subject.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + <simpara>Defaults are + <literal>beforeopening</literal> and + <literal>untitled</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>locfield</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Toggle between presets for the field + width of additionbal sender attributes. + </simpara> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>narrow</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Small sender supplement field. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>wide</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Wide sender supplement field. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + <simpara>Default is <literal>narrow</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>foldmarks</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Activates fold marks.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>numericaldate</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Toggles between standard, + language-dependent date presentation and a + short, numerical one.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>refline</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Defines that the reference line may + extend beyond the normal type area. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Format Options</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>format options</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>draft</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Toggles between the final and the draft + version. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Letter Class Option Files</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>letter class option files</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\LoadLetterOption{name}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Load a <literal>lco</literal> + file. <literal>name</literal> is the filename + without suffix. + </simpara> + <para> + Predefined <literal>lco</literal> files: + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>DIN</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>For A4 size paper, complying with + DIN 676. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>DINmtext</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>For A4 size paper, complying with + DIN 676, but using an alternate layout + with more text on the first page. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>KOMAold</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Fo AQ4 paper size using a layout + close to the obsolete + <literal>scrlettr</literal> class. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>SN</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>For Swiss letters with address + field on the right side, according to + SN 010 130 + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>SNleft</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>For Swiss letters with address + field on the left side. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\LetterOptionNeedsPaperSize{option + name}{paper size}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Useful to be abel to emit warnings if the + user selects a different paper size from the one + the <literal>lco</literal> file is based on. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <!-- FIXME: bridgehead --> + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">General Document Properties</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>general document properties</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Font Selection</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>font selection</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>See also the section for + <emphasis>Changing Fonts</emphasis> in &komascript; + (still to be written). + </para> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>backaddress</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Back address for a window envelope</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>descriptionlabel</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Label in a + <literal>description</literal> environment + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromaddress</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Sender's address in letterhead</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromname</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Sender's address in letterhead + if different from <literal>fromaddress</literal> + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>pagefoot</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Footer, sometimes header of a page</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>pagehead</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Header, sometimes footer of a page</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>pagenumber</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Page number in footer or header</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>subject</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Subject in the opening</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>title</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Headline in the opening</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Page Style</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>page style</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>See also the section for + <emphasis>Page Style</emphasis> in &komascript; + (still to be written). + </para> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>empty</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Entirely empty headers and footers</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>plain</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Empty head and and only page number + in header or footer + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>headings</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Automatic page headings</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>myheadings</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Manual page headings + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Variables</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>variables</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The main difference between a + <emphasis>command</emphasis> and a + <emphasis>variable</emphasis> is that a + command usually triggers an action whereas a variable + only consists of plain text. Furthermore a variable + can have an additional description. + </para> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\newkomavar[description]{name}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\newkomavar*[description]{name}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\addtoreffields{name}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>\newkomavar</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>\addtoreffields</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara><literal>\newkomavar</literal> defines + a new variable, addressed with + <literal>name</literal>. + </simpara> + <simpara>The command + <literal>\addtoreffields</literal> adds the + variable <literal>name</literal> to the + reference fields. See section + <link linkend="scrlttr-business-line">Business Line</link>. + </simpara> + <simpara>The command <literal>\newkomavar*</literal> + works like <literal>\newkomavar</literal> with an + additional call of the command + <literal>\addtoreffields</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + Overview of all variables: + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>backaddress</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>backaddress</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Back address for window envelopes</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>backaddressseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>backaddressseparator</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Separator within the back address</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>ccseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>ccseparator</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Separator between title of additional + recipients and additional recipients + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>customer</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>customer</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Customer number</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>date</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>date</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Date</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>emailseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>emailseparator</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Separator between e-mail name and e-mail + address + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>enclseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>enclseparator</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Separator between title of enclosure and + and enclosures</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>faxseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>faxseparator</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Separator between title of fax and fax + number + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromaddress</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>fromaddress</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Sender's address without its name</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>frombank</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>frombank</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Sender's bank account</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromemail</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>fromemail</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Sender's e-mail</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromfax</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>fromfax</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Sender's fax number</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromlogo</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>fromlogo</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Commands for inserting the sender's logo + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromname</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>fromname</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Complete name of the sender</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromphone</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>fromphone</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Sender's telephone number</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromurl</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>fromurl</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>URL of the sender</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>invoice</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>invoice</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Invoice number</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>location</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>location</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>More details of the sender</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>myref</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>myref</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Sender's reference</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>place</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>place</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Place</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>placeseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>placeseparator</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Separator between place and date</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>phoneseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>phoneseparator</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Separator between title of telephone and + telephone number + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>signature</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>signature</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Signature beneath the ending of the + letter + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>specialmail</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>specialmail</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Special mail</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>subject</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>subject</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Subject</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>subjectseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>subjectseparator</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Separator between title of subject and + subject + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>title</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>title</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Letter title</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>toname</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>toname</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Complete name of recipient</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>toaddress</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>toaddress</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Address of recipient without its name</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>yourmail</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>yourmail</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Date of recipient's mail</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>yourref</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>yourref</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Recipient's reference</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\setkomavar{name}[description]{content}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\setkomavar*{name}{description}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>\setkomavar</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <simpara><literal>\setkomavar</literal> sets the + content of the variable <literal>name</literal>. + The optional argument sets the + <literal>description</literal> of the variable. + </simpara> + <simpara><literal>\setkomavar*</literal> + only sets the <literal>description</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\usekomavar[command]{name}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\usekomavar*[command]{name}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>\usekomavar</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara><literal>\usekomavar</literal> gives you + access to the content of the variable + <literal>name</literal>. + </simpara> + <simpara><literal>\usekomavar*</literal> gives you + access to the <literal>description</literal> + of the variable <literal>name</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\ifkomavarempty{name}{true}{false}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\ifkomavarempty*{name}{true}{false}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>\ifkomavarempty</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>The <literal>true</literal> argument will + be executed if the content or description is + empty. Otherwise the <literal>false</literal> + argument will be executed. + </simpara> + <simpara>The starred version handles the + description of a variable, the variant without + star the content. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Pseudo Lengths</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>pseudo lengths</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\@newplength{name}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Defines a new pseudo length</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\useplength{name}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Access value of pseudo length + <literal>name</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\setlengthtoplength[factor]{length}{pseudo + length}</literal> + </term> + <term><literal>\addtolengthplength[factor]{length}{pseudo + length}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Assign a multiple of + <literal>pseudo length</literal> to a real + <literal>length</literal>. Adds a multiple of + <literal>pseudo length</literal> to + <literal>length</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\@setplength[factor]{pseudo + length}{value}</literal> + </term> + <term> + <literal>\@addtoplength[factor]{pseudo + length}{value} + </literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Assign a multiple of a + <literal>value</literal> to a + <literal>pseudo length</literal>. + Adds <literal>value</literal> to + <literal>pseudo length</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <!-- + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">General Structure of a Letter Document</bridgehead> + <para>&tbd;</para> + --> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Letter Declaration</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>letter declaration</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Letterhead</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>letterhead</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>firstheadvpos</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Distance between the top of the sheet and + the letterhead. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>firstheadwidth</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Width of the letterhead.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>fromname</literal></term> + <term><literal>fromaddress</literal></term> + <term><literal>fromphone</literal></term> + <term><literal>fromfax</literal></term> + <term><literal>fromemail</literal></term> + <term><literal>fromurl</literal></term> + <term><literal>fromlogo</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>This variables give all statements + concerning the sender necessary to create the + letterhead. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>phoneseparator</literal></term> + <term><literal>faxseparator</literal></term> + <term><literal>emailseparator</literal></term> + <term><literal>urlseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Separators for variables in letterhead. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\firsthead{construction}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Create letterhead freely.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Footer</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>footer</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>firstfootvpos</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Distance between footer and upper border + of the sheet.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>firstfootwidth</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Width of letter's firstpage footer.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\firstfoot{Construction}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Set definition for first page's footer</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Address</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>address</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>toaddrvpos</literal></term> + <term><literal>toaddrhpos</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Distance between address window of a + window envelope and the upper and left border of + the sheet. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>toaddrwidth</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Width of the address window.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>toaddrindent</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Value of indentation for the address from + the left border. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>backaddress</literal></term> + <term><literal>backaddressseparator</literal></term> + <term><literal>backaddrheight</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Double backslashes within return address + will be exchanged with + <literal>backaddressseparator</literal>. + Height of the return address field. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>specialmail</literal></term> + <term><literal>specialmailindent</literal></term> + <term><literal>specialmailrightindent</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Optionally set between return address and + addressee. <literal>specialmailindent</literal> + and <literal>specialmailrightindent</literal> + determine left and right indentation. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>toname</literal></term> + <term><literal>toaddress</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Usually not set directly by the user. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\begin{letter}[options]{address}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Major point of the letter class. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\AtBeginLetter{command}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Hook for commands run at begin of a + letter. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Sender's Extension</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>sender's extension</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>locwidth</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Declares width of sender's extensions.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>location</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Content of sender's extension.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead id ="scrlttr-business-line" renderas="sect5">Business Line</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>business line</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>refvpos</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Distance between upper border of sheet + and business line.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>refwidth</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Available width for the business line.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>refaftervskip</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Vertical space to be inserted beneath + business line.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>place</literal></term> + <term><literal>placeseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>If all variables for business line + are empty, the content of + <literal>place</literal> and + <literal>placeseparator</literal> will be set, + followed by content of <literal>date</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>yourref</literal></term> + <term><literal>yourmail</literal></term> + <term><literal>myref</literal></term> + <term><literal>customer</literal></term> + <term><literal>invoice</literal></term> + <term><literal>date</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Typical fields for business lines. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Title and Subject Line</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>title line</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>subject line</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>title</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Additional tile. Set centered beneath the + business line.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>subject</literal></term> + <term><literal>subjectseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Set the subject of the letter, optional + prefixed by a label.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Further Issues</bridgehead> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>tfoldmarkvpos</literal></term> + <term><literal>bfoldmarkvpos</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Position of upper and lower fold mark.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>foldmarkhpos</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Distance between fold marks and the + sheet's left border.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>frombank</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Internally not used yet.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\nexthead{construction}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\nextfoot{construction}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Create letter head or foot for the + following pages freely.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">The Text</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>text</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Opening</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>Opening</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\opening{opening}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Set the opening of the letter.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Footnotes</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>footnotes</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para>See section <emphasis>Footnotes</emphasis> in + &komascript; (still to be written).</para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Lists</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>lists</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>See section <emphasis>Lists</emphasis> in + &komascript; (still to be written).</para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Margin Notes</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>margin notes</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>See section <emphasis>Margin Notes</emphasis> in + &komascript; (still to be written).</para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Text Emphasis</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>text emphasis</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>See section <emphasis>Logical Markup of Text</emphasis> + in &komascript; (still to be written). + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Closing Part</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>Closing Part</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Closing</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>Closing</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>signature</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Inlcudes an explanation for the + inscription. Defaults to + <literal>\usekomavar{fromname}</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\closing{closing phrase}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Typesets the colsing phrase follwoed by a + vertical space and the contents fo variable + <literal>signature</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>sigindent</literal></term> + <term><literal>sigbeforevskip</literal></term> + <term><literal>\raggedsignature</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Indentation of the box for closing + phrase, inscription and signature (defaults to 0mm). + Vertical space between closing phrase + and signature (defaults to two lines). + Alignment inside the box.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Postscript, Carbon Copy, and Enclosures</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>postscript</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>carbon copy</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>enclosure</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\ps</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Set a postscript.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\cc{distribution list}</literal></term> + <term><literal>ccseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Set a ddistribution list. If the contents + of <literal>ccseparator</literal> isn't empty then + the name and the content of the variable is + inserted prior to distribution list.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\encl{enclosures}</literal></term> + <term><literal>enclseparator</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Same structur as the distribution list. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Language Support</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>language support</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Language Selection</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>language selection</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\captionenglish</literal></term> + <term><literal>\captionUSenglish</literal></term> + <term><literal>\captionamerican</literal></term> + <term><literal>\captionbritish</literal></term> + <term><literal>\captionUKenglish</literal></term> + <?db2latex \newline?> + <term><literal>\captiongerman</literal></term> + <term><literal>\captionngerman</literal></term> + <term><literal>\captionaustrian</literal></term> + <term><literal>\captionfrench</literal></term> + <term><literal>\captionitalian</literal></term> + <?db2latex \newline?> + <term><literal>\captionspanish</literal></term> + <term><literal>\captiondutch</literal></term> + <term><literal>\captioncroatian</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>If the used language selection scheme + does not support switching the language the above + commands can be used directly.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\dateenglish</literal></term> + <term><literal>\dateUSenglish</literal></term> + <term><literal>\dateamerican</literal></term> + <term><literal>\datebritish</literal></term> + <term><literal>\dateUKenglish</literal></term> + <term><literal>\dategerman</literal></term> + <term><literal>\datengerman</literal></term> + <term><literal>\dateaustrian</literal></term> + <term><literal>\datefrench</literal></term> + <term><literal>\dateitalian</literal></term> + <term><literal>\datespanish</literal></term> + <term><literal>\datedutch</literal></term> + <term><literal>\datecrotian</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Numerical date representation.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Language-Dependent Terms</bridgehead> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\yourrefname</literal></term> + <term><literal>\youremailname</literal></term> + <term><literal>\myrefname</literal></term> + <term><literal>\customername</literal></term> + <term><literal>\invoicename</literal></term> + <term><literal>\subjectname</literal></term> + <term><literal>\ccname</literal></term> + <term><literal>\enclname</literal></term> + <term><literal>\headtoname</literal></term> + <term><literal>\headfromname</literal></term> + <term><literal>\datename</literal></term> + <term><literal>\pagename</literal></term> + <term><literal>\phonename</literal></term> + <term><literal>\faxname</literal></term> + <term><literal>\emailname</literal></term> + <term><literal>\wwwname</literal></term> + <term><literal>\bankname</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>These defintions can be modified to + support a new language of for private + customization. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Defining Language Terms</bridgehead> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\providecaptioname{language}{term}{definition}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\newcaptioname{language}{term}{defintion}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\renewcaptionname{language}{term}{definition}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Assign a <emphasis>definition</emphasis> + for a <emphasis>language</emphasis> to a + <emphasis>term</emphasis>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + <bridgehead renderas="sect5">Address Files and Circular Letters</bridgehead> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>address files</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&komascript;</primary> + <secondary>scrlttr2</secondary> + <tertiary>circular letters</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:nonoindent;db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\adrentry{Lastname}{Firstname}{Address}{Telephone}{F1}{F2}{Comment}{Key}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Address entry for address files. The file + extension has to be <literal>.adr</literal>!</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\addrentry{Lastname}{Firstname}{Address}{Telephone}{F1}{F2}{F3}{F4}{Key}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>This command supports four freely definable + parameters for an address entry.</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\adrchar{initial letter}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\addrchar{initial letter}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Separator for address entries. Ignored by + <literal>scrlttr2</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + + </section> + + <section id="komascript-scraddr"> + <title id="komascript-scraddr-title">Address Files with <literal>scraddr</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:multiterm"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\InputAddressFile{file name}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + <tertiary>\InputAddressFile</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Read the contents of the given address file. + Filename extension has to be <literal>.adr</literal> + and has to be omitted in the argument. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\Name{Key}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\FirstName{Key}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\LastName{Key}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\Address{Key}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\Telephone{Key}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\FreeI{Key}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\FreeII{Key}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\Comment{Key}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\FreeIII{Key}</literal></term> + <term><literal>\FreeIV{Key}</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + <tertiary>\Name{}</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + <tertiary>\FirstName{}</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + <tertiary>\LastName{}</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + <tertiary>\Address{}</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + <tertiary>\Telephone{}</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + <tertiary>\FreeI{}</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + <tertiary>\FreeII{}</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + <tertiary>\Comment{}</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + <tertiary>\FreeIII{}</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>KOMA-Script</primary> + <secondary>scraddr</secondary> + <tertiary>\FreeIV{}</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Access to the data in address file. + <literal>\Name</literal> is a concatenation of + <literal>\FirstName</literal> and <literal>\LastName</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>AdrFreeIVempty</literal></term> + <term><literal>AdrFreeIVshow</literal></term> + <term><literal>AdrFreeIVwarn</literal></term> + <term><literal>AdrFreeIVstop</literal></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Package warning options. Defaults to + <literal>AdrFreeIVshow</literal>. + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="mathpazo"> + <title id="mathpazo-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">mathpazo</filename></title> + <indexterm><primary>mathpazo</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>mathpazo</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Math fonts for the use with the Palatino font.</para> + + <section id="upDelta-upOmega"> + <title id="upDelta-upOmega-title">\upDelta / \upOmega</title> + <indexterm><primary>\upDelta</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>\upOmega</primary></indexterm> + + <para>Math fonts for the use with the Palatino font.</para> + + <para>Package options are: + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>[slantedGreek]</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>Uppercase Greek will be typeset slanted.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>[noBBpl]</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>Do not use PazoMathBlackboardBold as + (partial) blackboard bold + font (e.g with <literal>\mathbb{R}</literal>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>[osf]</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>Make the font family <literal>pplj</literal> + (Palatino with old style numerals) the default + roman font, and use an + alternative version of the virtual math italic fonts + (<literal>zplmrj7m</literal> and + <literal>zplmbj7m</literal>) with upright Palatino old + style numerals for use with the + <literal>\oldstylenums</literal> command. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>[osfeqnnum]</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>Use old style numerals for equation numbering.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="varioref"> + <title id="varioref-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">varioref</filename></title> + <indexterm><primary>varioref</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>varioref</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Smarter version of the original latex2e + <link linkend="cross-references">cross reference commands</link>. + Generated strings are customizable, Babel options are recognized + (further info in the package documentation). + </para> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term id="cmd-vref"><literal>\vref</literal></term> + <term id="cmd-vpageref"><literal>\vpageref</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>\vref</primary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>\vpageref</primary> + </indexterm> + <para><literal>\vref</literal> is similar to + <literal>\ref</literal> but adds an additional page + reference, like <emphasis>on the facing page</emphasis> + or + <emphasis>on page 27</emphasis> whenever the corresponding + <link linkend="cmd-label-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">\label</filename></link> + is not on the same page. + </para> + <para><literal>\vpageref</literal> is a variation + of <literal>\pageref</literal> with similar + functionality. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\vrefrange</literal></term> + <term><literal>\vpagerefrange</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>\vrefrange</primary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>\vpagerefrange</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>The <literal>\v...range</literal> commands + take two labels as arguments and + produce strings which depend on wether or not these labels + fall onto a single page or on different pages. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\vref*</literal></term> + <term><literal>\vpageref*</literal></term> + <term><literal>\vpagerefrange*</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>Star * variants do not add any space before + the generated text for situations like: + <programlisting> +(\vref{foo} ...)</programlisting> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="small-packages"> + <title id="small-packages-title">Several Small Packages</title> + <indexterm><primary>Several Small Packages</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Small Packages</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>Several Small Packages</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Must be loaded with the usual + <link linkend="usepackage-linkend"><literal>\usepackage</literal></link> + command. Further info for a package to be found in the + documentation (dvi, pdf, ps) or in the + <literal>sty</literal>-file itself. + </para> + + <section id="bm-package"> + <title id="bm-package-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">bm</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>bm</primary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>bm</secondary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>bm.sty</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Bold math symbols or equations with better spacing + then the <literal>\boldsymbold</literal> command. + <indexterm> + <primary>\boldsymbold</primary> + </indexterm> + If possible load after other packages + which redefine the fonts. When no bold font + is available for a certain char <literal>bm</literal> + will use <emphasis>poor man's bold</emphasis> + <link linkend="pmb-linkend"><literal>\pmb</literal></link>. + </para> + + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term id="cmd-bm"><literal>\bm</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>\bm</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>Produces bold math symbol or equation.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\unboldmath</literal></term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>\unboldmath</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>Can be used to set parts of an equation unbold.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="url-package"> + <title id="url-package-title"><filename role="nohyphenation">url</filename></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>url</primary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>Packages</primary> + <secondary>url</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Defines line breakable hyperlinked + (uses <link linkend="hyperref">hyperref</link> package) + verbatim input for urls and e-mail addresses. + </para> + <para>Example: <literal>\url{http://example.org}</literal> + outputs <literal>http://example.org</literal>. + </para> + <para>Related commands are + <link linkend="href"><literal>\href</literal></link> + and <link linkend="cmd-nolinkurl"><literal>\nolinkurl</literal></link>. + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + </section> + + + <section id="generic-packages"> + <title id="generic-packages-title">Generic Packages</title> + + <section id="pictex"> + <title id="pictex-title">&pictex; (&tbd;)</title> + <indexterm><primary>PiCTeX</primary></indexterm> + <para>&tbd;</para> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks"> + <title id="pstricks-title">&pstricks;</title> + <indexterm><primary>&pstricks;</primary></indexterm> + + <section id="pstricks-ovw"> + <title id="pstricks-ovw-title">&overview;</title> + <para>The idea behind the &pstricks; package of + Timothy van Zandt + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>van Zandt, Timothy</secondary> + </indexterm> + is to provide most of the PostScript language in + &latex; and &tex; syntax. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-commands"> + <title id="pstricks-commands-title">Commands and Parameters</title> + + <section id="pstricks-color"> + <title id="pstricks-color-title">Color</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\newgray</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\newrgbcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\newhsbcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\newcmykcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\newgray{color}{num}</literal> + </term> + <term> + <literal>\newrgbcolor{color}{num1 num2 num3}</literal> + </term> + <term> + <literal>\newhsbcolor{color}{num1 num2 num3}</literal> + </term> + <term> + <literal>\newcmykcolor{color}{num1 num2 num3 num4}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <simpara></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + <para> + Note that these commands are obsolete for &latex;. Load + &pstricks; with <literal>\usepackage{pstcol}</literal> + and use the standard &latex; color commands instead. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-setting"> + <title id="pstricks-setting-title"> + Setting graphics parameters</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psset{par1=value1,par2=value2,...}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psset</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-dimensions"> + <title id="pstricks-dimensions-title"> + Dimensions, coordinates and angles</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pssetlength{cmd}{dim}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pssetlength</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>unit=dim, xunit=dim, yunit=dim, yunit=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>unit</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>xunit</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>yunit</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>runit</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>1cm</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\degrees[num]</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\degrees</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\radians</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\radians</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-basic"> + <title id="pstricks-basic-title"> + Basic graphics parameters</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>linewidth=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>linewidth</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>.8pt</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>linecolor=color</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>linecolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>black</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>showpoints=true/false</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>showpoints</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>false</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-lines"> + <title id="pstricks-lines-title">Lines and polygons</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>linearc=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>linearc</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>0pt</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>framearc=num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>framearc</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>0</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>cornersize=relative/absolute</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>cornersize</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>relative</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psline*[par]{arrows}(x0,y0)(x1,y1)...(xn,yn)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psline</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\qline(coor0)(coor1)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\qline</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pspolygon*[par](x0,y0)(x1,y1)(x2,y2)...(xn,yn)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pspolygon</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psframe*[par](x0,y0)(x1,y1)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psframe</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-arcs"> + <title id="pstricks-arcs-title"> + Arcs, circles and ellipses</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pscircle*[par](x0,y0){radius}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pscircle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\qdisk(coor){radius}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pscircle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pswedge*[par](x0,y0){radius}{angle1}{angle2}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pswedge</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psellipse*[par](x0,y0)(x1,y1)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psellipse</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psarc*[par]{arrows}(x,y){radius}{angleA}{angleB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psarc</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psarcn*[par]{arrows}(x,y){radius}{angleA}{angleB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psarcn</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>arcsep=dim, arcsepA=dim, arcsepB=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>arcsep</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>arcsepA</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>arcsepB</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>0pt</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-curves"> + <title id="pstricks-curves-title">Curves</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psbezier*[par]{arrows}(x0,y0)(x1,y1)(x2,y2)(x3,y3)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psbezier</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\parabola*[par]{arrows}(x0,y0)(x1,y1)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\parabola</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pscurve*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)...(xn,yn)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pscurve</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psecurve*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)...(xn,yn)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psecurve</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psccurve*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)...(xn,yn)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psccurve</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>curvature=num1 num2 num3</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>curvature</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>1 .1 0</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-dots"> + <title id="pstricks-dots-title">Dots</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psdots*[par](x1,y1)(x2,y2)...(xn,yn)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psdots</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>dotstyle=style</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>dotstyle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>*</literal></simpara> + <simpara> Dots: + <literal> + *, o, +, triangle, triangle*, square, square*, + pentagon, pentagon*, | + </literal> + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>dotscale=num1 num2</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>dotscale</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>1</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>dotangle=angle</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>dotangle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>0</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-grids"> + <title id="pstricks-grids-title">Grids</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psgrid(x0,y0)(x1,y1)(x2,y2)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psgrid</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>gridwidth=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>gridwidth</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>.8pt</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>gridcolor=color</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>gridcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>black</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>griddots=num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>griddots</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>0</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>gridlabels=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>gridlabels</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>10pt</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>gridlabelcolor=color</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>gridlabelcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>black</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>subgriddiv=int</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>gridlabelcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>5</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>subgridwidth=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>subgridwidth</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>.4pt</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>subgridcolor=color</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>gridlabelcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>gray</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>subgriddots=num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>subgriddots</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>0</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-plots"> + <title id="pstricks-plots-title">Plots</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\fileplot*[par]{file}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\fileplot</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\dataplot*[par]{commands}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\dataplot</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\savedata{command}[data]</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\savedata</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\readdata{command}{file}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\readdata</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\listplot*[par]{list}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\listplot</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psplot*[par]{xmin}{xmax}{function}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psplot</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\parametricplot*[par]{tmin}{tmax}{function}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\parametricplot</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>plotstyle=style</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>plotstyle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>line</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>plotpoints=int</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>plotpoints</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>50</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-coordinate"> + <title id="pstricks-coordinate-title">Coordinate systems</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>origin={coor}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>origin</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>0pt,0pt</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>swapaxes=true</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>swapaxes</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>false</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-line-styles"> + <title id="pstricks-line-styles-title">Line styles</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>linestyle=style</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>linestyle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>solid</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>dash=dim1 dim2</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>dash</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>5pt 3pt</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>dotsep=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>dotsep</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>3pt</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>border=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>border</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>0pt</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>bordercolor=color</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>bordercolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>white</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>doubleline=true/false</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>doubleline</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>false</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>doublesep=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>doublesep</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>1.25\pslinewidth</literal></simpara> </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>doublecolor=color</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>doublecolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>white</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>shadow=true/false</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>shadow</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>false</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>shadowsize=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>shadowsize</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>3pt</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>shadowangle=angle</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>shadowangle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>-45</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>shadowcolor=color</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>shadowcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>darkgray</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>dimen=outer/inner/middle</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>dimen</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>outer</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-fill-styles"> + <title id="pstricks-fill-styles-title">Fill styles</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>fillstyle=style</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>fillstyle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>none</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>fillcolor=color</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>fillcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>white</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>hatchwidth=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>hatchwidth</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>.8pt</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>hatchsep=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>hatchsep</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>4pt</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>hatchcolor=color</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>hatchcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>black</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>hatchangle=rot</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>hatchangle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>45</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-arrowheads"> + <title id="pstricks-arrowheads-title">Arrowheads and such</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>arrows=style</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>arrows</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>-</literal></simpara> + <simpara> Arrows: + <literal> + -, <->, >-<, <<->>, + >>-<<, |-|, |*-|*, [-], + (-), o-o, *-*, oo-oo, **-**, c-c, cc-cc, C-C + </literal> + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>arrowsize=dim num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>arrowsize</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>2pt 3</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>arrowlength=num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>arrowlength</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>1.4</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>arrowinset=num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>arrowinset</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara>Default: <literal>.4</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>tbarsize=dim num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>tbarsize</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>2pt 5</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>bracketlength=num, rbracketlength=num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>bracketlength</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>rbracketlength</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>.15</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>dotsize=dim num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>dotsize</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>.5pt 2.5</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>arrowscale=num1 num2</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>arrowscale</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>1</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-custom"> + <title id="pstricks-custom-title">Custom styles</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\newpsobject{name}{object}{par1=value1,...}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\newpsobject</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\newpsstyle{name}{par1=value1,...}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\newpsstyle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-basics"> + <title id="pstricks-basics-title">The basics</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pscustom*[par]{commands}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pscustom</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-parameters"> + <title id="pstricks-parameters-title">Parameters</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>linetype=int</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>linetype</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>0</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-graphics-objects"> + <title id="pstricks-graphics-objects-title">Graphics objects</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>liftpen=0/1/2</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>liftpen</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <simpara> Default: <literal>0</literal></simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="safe-tricks"> + <title id="pstricks-safe-tricks-title">Safe tricks</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\newpath</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\newpath</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\moveto(coor)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\moveto</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\closepath</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\closepath</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\stroke[par]</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\stroke</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\fill[par]</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\fill</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\gsave</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\gsave</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\grestore</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\grestore</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\translate(coor)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\translate</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\scale{num1 num2}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\scale</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\rotate{angle}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\rotate</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\swapaxes</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\swapaxes</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\msave</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\msave</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\mrestore</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\mrestore</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\openshadow[par]</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\openshadow</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\closedshadow[par]</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\closedshadow</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\movepath(coor)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\movepath</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pretty-safe-tricks"> + <title id="pstricks-pretty-safe-tricks-title"> + Pretty safe tricks</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\lineto(coor)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\lineto</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\rlineto(coor)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\rlineto</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\curveto(x1,y1)(x2,y2)(x3,y3)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\curveto</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\rcurveto(x1,y1)(x2,y2)(x3,y3)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\rcurveto</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="hackers"> + <title id="pstricks-hackers-title">For hackers only</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\code{code}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\code</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\dim{dim}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\dim</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\coor(x1,y1)(x2,y2)...(xn,yn)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\coor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\rcoor(x1,y1)(x2,y2)...(xn,yn)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\rcoor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\file{file}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\file</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\arrows{arrows}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\arrows</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\setcolor{color}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\setcolor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pictures"> + <title id="pstricks-pictures-title">Pictures</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pspicture*[baseline](x0,y0)(x1,y1)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pspicture</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\endpspicture</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\endpspicture</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="placing"> + <title id="pstricks-placing-title">Placing and rotating whatever</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\rput*[refpoint]{rotation}(x,y){stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\rput</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\uput*{labelsep}[refangle]{rotation}(x,y){stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\uput</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pslabelsep</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pslabelsep</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>labelsep=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>labelsep</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>5pt</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-repetition"> + <title id="pstricks-repetition-title">Repetition</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal> + \multirput*[refpoint]{angle}(x0,y0)(x1,y1){int}{stuff} + </literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\multirput</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\multips{angle}(x0,y0)(x1,y1){int}{graphics}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\multips</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-axes"> + <title id="pstricks-axes-title">Axes</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psaxes</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>\psaxes*[par]{arrows}(x0,y0)(x1,y1)(x2,y2)</literal></term> + <listitem> + <informaltable frame="none"> + <!-- <title>Axes label parameters</title> --> + <tgroup cols="4"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry><emphasis>Horizontal</emphasis></entry> + <entry><emphasis>Vertical</emphasis></entry> + <entry><emphasis>Dflt</emphasis></entry> + <entry><emphasis>Description</emphasis></entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>Ox=num</entry> + <entry>Oy=num</entry> + <entry>0</entry> + <entry>Label at origin.</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>Dx=num</entry> + <entry>Dy=num</entry> + <entry>1</entry> + <entry>Label increment.</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>dx=dim</entry> + <entry>oy=dim</entry> + <entry>0pt</entry> + <entry>Dist btwn labels.</entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </informaltable> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>labels=all/x/y/none</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>labels</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>all</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>showorigin=true/false</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>showorigin</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>true</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>ticks=all/x/y/none</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>ticks</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>all</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>tickstyle=full/top/bottom</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>tickstyle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>full</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>ticksize=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>ticksize</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>3pt</literal> + </para> + + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psxlabel, \psylabel</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psxlabel</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psylabel</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>axesstyle=axes/frame/none</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>axesstyle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>axes</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-framed"> + <title id="pstricks-framed-title">Framed boxes</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>framesep=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>framesep</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>3pt</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>boxsep=true/false</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>boxsep</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>true</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psframebox*[par]{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psframebox</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psdblframebox*[par]{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psdblframebox</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psshadowbox*[par]{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psshadowbox</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pscirclebox*[par]{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pscirclebox</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\cput*[par]{angle}(x,y){stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\cput</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psovalbox*[par]{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psovalbox</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-clipping"> + <title id="pstricks-clipping-title">Clipping</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\clipbox[dim]{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\clipbox</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psclip{graphics} ... \endpsclip</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psclip</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-rotation"> + <title id="pstricks-rotation-title">Rotation and scaling boxes</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\rotateleft{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\rotateleft</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\rotateright{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\rotateright</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\rotatedown{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\rotatedown</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\scalebox{num1 num2}{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\scalebox</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\scaleboxto(x,y){stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\scaleboxto</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-nodes"> + <title id="pstricks-nodes-title">Nodes</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\rnode[refpoint]{name}{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\rnode</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\Rnode(x,y){name}{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\Rnode</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\RnodeRef</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\RnodeRef</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pnode(x,y){name}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pnode</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\cnode*[par](x,y){radius}{name}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\cnode</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\circlenode*[par]{name}{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\circlenode</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\cnodeput*[par]{angle}(x,y){name}{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\cnodeput</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\ovalnode*[par]{name}{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\ovalnode</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-connections"> + <title id="pstricks-connections-title">Node connections</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>nodesep=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>nodesep</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>0</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>offset=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>offset</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>0</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>arm=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>arm</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>10pt</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>angle=angle</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>angle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>0</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>arcangle=angle</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>arcangle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>8</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>ncurv=num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>ncurv</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>.67</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>loopsize=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>loopsize</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>1cm</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\ncline*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\ncline</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\ncLine*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\ncLine</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\nccurve*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\nccurve</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\ncarc*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\ncarc</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\ncbar*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\ncbar</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\ncdiag*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\ncdiag</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\ncdiagg*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\ncdiagg</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\ncangle*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\ncangle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\ncangles*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\ncangles</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\ncloop*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\ncloop</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\nccircle*[par]{arrows}{node}{radius}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\nccircle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pcline*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)(x2,y2)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pcline</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pccurve*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)(x2,y2)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pccurve</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pcarc*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)(x2,y2)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pcarc</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pcbar*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)(x2,y2)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pcbar</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pcdiag*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)(x2,y2)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pcdiag</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pcangle*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)(x2,y2)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pcangle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pcloop*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)(x2,y2)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pcloop</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-attaching"> + <title id="pstricks-attaching-title">Attaching labels to node connections</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\lput*[refpoint]{rotation}(pos){stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\lput</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\aput*[labelsep]{angle}(pos){stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\aput</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\bput*[labelsep]{angle}(pos){stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\bput</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\mput*[refpoint]{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\mput</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\Aput*[labelsep]{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\Aput</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\Bput*[labelsep]{stuff}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\Bput</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-coils"> + <title id="pstricks-coils-title">Coils and zigzags</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pscoil*[par]{arrows}(x0,y0)(x1,y1)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pscoil</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psCoil*[par]{angle1}{angle2}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psCoil</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pszigzag*[par]{arrows}(x0,y0)(x1,y1)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pszigzag</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>coilwidth=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>coilwidth</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>1cm</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>coilheight=num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>coilheight</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>1</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>coilarm=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>coilwidth</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>.5cm</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>coilaspect=angle</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>coilwidth</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>45</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>coilinc=angle</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>coilinc</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>10</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\nccoil*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\nccoil</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\nczigzag*[par]{arrows}{nodeA}{nodeB}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\nczigzag</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pccoil*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)(x2,y2)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pccoil</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pczigzag*[par]{arrows}(x1,y1)(x2,y2)</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pczigzag</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-coordinates"> + <title id="pstricks-coordinates-title">Special coordinates</title> + + <para><literal>\SpecialCoor</literal></para> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\SpecialCoor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <table frame="none"> + <title>Special coordinates and angles</title> + <tgroup cols="3"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <tbody> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry><emphasis>Coordinate</emphasis></entry> + <entry><emphasis>Example</emphasis></entry> + <entry><emphasis>Description</emphasis></entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>(x,y)</entry> + <entry>(3,4)</entry> + <entry>Cartesian coordinate.</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>(r;a)</entry> + <entry>(3;110)</entry> + <entry>Polar coordinate.</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>(node)</entry> + <entry>(A)</entry> + <entry>Center of node.</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>([par]node)</entry> + <entry>([angle=45]A)</entry> + <entry>Relative to node.</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>(!ps)</entry> + <entry>(!5 3.3 2 exp)</entry> + <entry>Raw PostScript.</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>(coor1|coor2)</entry> + <entry>(A|1in;30)</entry> + <entry>Combination.</entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + + <tgroup cols="3"> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="left"/> + <colspec colsep="0" align="justify"/> + <spanspec namest="1" nameend="3" spanname="3"/> + <tbody> + + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry spanname="3"/> + </row> + + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry><emphasis>Angle</emphasis></entry> + <entry><emphasis>Example</emphasis></entry> + <entry><emphasis>Description</emphasis></entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>num</entry> + <entry>45</entry> + <entry>Angle.</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>(coor)</entry> + <entry>(-1,1)</entry> + <entry>Coordinate (vector).</entry> + </row> + <row rowsep="0"> + <entry>!ps</entry> + <entry>!33 sqrt</entry> + <entry>Raw PostScript.</entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + + <para><literal>\NormalCoor</literal></para> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\NormalCoor</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-overlays"> + <title id="pstricks-overlays-title">Overlays</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\overlaybox stuff\endoverlaybox</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\overlaybox</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psoverlay{string}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psoverlay</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\putoverlaybox{string}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\putoverlaybox</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>gradbegin=color</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>gradbegin</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>gradbegin</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>gradend=color</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>gradend</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>gradend</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>gradlines=int</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>gradlines</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>500</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>gradmidpoint=num</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>gradmidpoint</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>.9</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>gradangle=angle</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>gradangle</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>0</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-path"> + <title id="pstricks-path-title">Typesetting text along a path</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pstextpath[pos](x,y){graphics object}{text}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pstextpath</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-stroking"> + <title id="pstricks-stroking-title">Stroking and filling character paths</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pscharpath*[par]{text}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pscharpath</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pscharclip*[par]{text} ... \endpscharclip</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pscharclip</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-exporting"> + <title id="pstricks-exporting-title">Exporting EPS files</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\TeXtoEPS ... \endTeXtoEPS</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\TeXtoEPS</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\PSTtoEPS[par]{file}{graphics objects}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\PSTtoEPS</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>bbllx=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>bbllx</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>-1pt</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>bblly=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>bblly</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>-1pt</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>bburx=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>bburx</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>1pt</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>bbury=dim</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>bbury</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>1pt</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>headerfile=file</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>headerfile</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>s</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>headers=none/all/user</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>parameter</secondary> + <tertiary>headers</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para> + Default: <literal>none</literal> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-boxes"> + <title id="pstricks-boxes-title">Boxes</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psmathboxtrue, \psmathboxfalse</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psmathboxtrue</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psmathboxfalse</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\everypsbox{commands}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\everypsbox</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pslongbox{name}{cmd}</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pslongbox</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\psverbboxtrue, \psverbboxfalse</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psverbboxtrue</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psverbboxfalse</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-tricks"> + <title id="pstricks-tricks-title">Tips and More Tricks</title> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + + <varlistentry> + <term> + <literal>\pslbrace, \psrbrace</literal> + </term> + <listitem> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\pslbrace</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>&pstricks;</primary> + <secondary>commands</secondary> + <tertiary>\psrbrace</tertiary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="pstricks-add-packages"> + <title id="pstricks-add-packages-title"> + List of Additional &pstricks; Packages</title> + <para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="ftp://ftp.dante.de/pub/tex/graphics/pstricks/contrib/psgo/"><literal>psgo</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Draw Go diagrams</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="ftp://ftp.dante.de/pub/tex/graphics/pstricks/contrib/pst-blur/"><literal>pst-blur</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>&pstricks; package for "blurred" shadows</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="http://dominique.rodriguez.9online.fr/pst-eucl/"><literal>pst-euc</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Géométrie en &latex; et &pstricks;</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="http://www.tug.org/applications/PSTricks/More/pst-fr3d.tar.gz"><literal>pst-fr3d</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Three dimensional framed Boxes</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="ftp://ftp.dante.de/pub/tex/graphics/pstricks/contrib/pst-ghsb/"><literal>pst-ghsb</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>&pstricks; package for HSB Gradients</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="ftp://ftp.dante.de/pub/tex/graphics/pstricks/contrib/pst-gr3d/"><literal>pst-gr3d</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>&pstricks; package for 3D grids</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="http://members.aol.com/ManuelLuque2/optique.htm"><literal>pst-lens</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Optique géométrique</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/graphics/pstricks/generic/"><literal>pst-node</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>&pstricks; package for nodes</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="http://members.aol.com/Mluque5130/pst-ob3d.tar.gz"><literal>pst-ob3d</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>A &pstricks; package for three dimensional + basic objects + </simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="http://www.tug.org/applications/PSTricks/Physics/Oscilloscopes/"><literal>pst-osci</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Oscilloscopes with &pstricks;</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="ftp://ftp.dante.de/pub/tex/graphics/pstricks/contrib/pst-poly/"><literal>pst-poly</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Polygons with &pstricks;</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/graphics/pstricks/generic/"><literal>pst-tree</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>&pstricks; package for trees</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="http://www.ensta.fr/~diam/latex/pst-uml/"><literal>pst-uml</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Draw easily diagrams with UML notation</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><ulink url="http://perso.enst.fr/~lombardy/Vauc/"><literal>vaucansom.sty</literal></ulink></term> + <listitem> + <simpara>Drawing automata</simpara> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + </section> + </section> + </section> + + <section id="fontinst"> + <title id="fontinst-title"> + <filename role="nohyphenation">fontinst</filename> (&tbd;)</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>fontinst</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>&tbd;</para> + </section> + + <section id="context"> + <title id="context-title">&context; (&tbd;)</title> + <indexterm><primary>&context;</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Hagen, Hans</secondary> + </indexterm> + <section id="context-ovw"> + <title id="context-ovw-title">&overview;</title> + <para>&context; is based on &plaintex; and &metapost; and gets + controlled with some Perl scripts. It's mainly targeted towards + layout oriented users and especially useful for presentations. + It's extensible by the use of modules and has in it's base + distribution already a large amount of functionality. + The preferred output format is PDF, but DVI is possible too. + </para> + <para>Some of the unique features of &context; are: + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Inline XML (including MathML, ChemML, and PhysML)</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>really good XML support in general</simpara> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>inline &metapost;</simpara> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + </section> + </section> + + <section id="texinfo"> + <title id="texinfo-title">&texinfo; (&tbd;)</title> + <indexterm><primary>&texinfo;</primary></indexterm> + <para>&tbd;</para> + </section> + +</chapter> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-xindy.xml b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-xindy.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ce1a4c2c1aa --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chapter-xindy.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1434 @@ +<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?> + +<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" +[ + <!ENTITY % tex-refs-ent SYSTEM "tex-refs.ent" > +%tex-refs-ent; +]> + +<!-- $Id: tex-refs-chapter-xindy.xml 139 2004-08-26 16:58:10Z mw $ --> + + <chapter id="xindy" lang="en"> + <title id="xindy-title">&xindy;</title> + <indexterm><primary>&xindy;</primary></indexterm> + + <note><para>The content of this section was taken from the original + documentation of &xindy; V2.1 + (<filename>Doc/manual*.html</filename>). + </para></note> + + <para><emphasis>xindy</emphasis> means + fle<emphasis>x</emphasis>ible <emphasis>ind</emphasis>exing + s<emphasis>y</emphasis>stem. + It is an indexing system that can be used to generate + book-like indexes for arbitrary document + preparation systems. This term includes systems such as + &tex; and &latex;, the Nroff-family or SGML-based systems + (e.g. HTML) that process some kind of text and generate + indexing information. It is not fixed to any specific system, + but can be configured for a wide variety of purposes. + </para> + + <section id="xindy-command-list"> + <title>Command List</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Command List</secondary> + </indexterm> + <para>Here is the complete list of xindy's commands that may + be used in the index style. The symbol <literal>name</literal> + always refers to a string. We separate the commands into + the processing and markup commands. The commands are listed + in alphabetical order. + </para> + <para>The parenthesis <literal>[</literal> and + <literal>]</literal> denote optional parts of the syntax + and <literal>{</literal> and <literal>}</literal> denote + the grouping of elements. A vertical bar indicates + alternatives. However, the enclosing round braces + <emphasis>are</emphasis> part of the syntax and + must be supplied. + </para> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing"> + <title>Processing Commands</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-define-alphabet"> + <title><literal>define-alphabet</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>define-alphabet</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para><programlisting>(define-alphabet name string-list)</programlisting></para> + <para>Defines <literal>name</literal> to be the alphabet + consisting of all elements of the + <literal>string-list</literal>. + Examples: + <programlisting>(define-alphabet "example-alphabet" ("An" "Example" "Alphabet"))</programlisting> + defines an alphabet consisting of exactly three symbols. + For the successor relationship holds: + <literal>succ("An")="Example"</literal> and + <literal>succ("Example")="Alphabet"</literal>. The built-in + alphabet <literal>digits</literal> is defined as follows: + <programlisting>(define-alphabet "digits" + ("0" "1" "2" "3" "4" "5" "6" "7" "8" "9"))</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-define-attributes"> + <title><literal>define-attributes</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>define-attributes</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para><programlisting>(define-attributes attribute-list)</programlisting></para> + <para>Defines all attributes the raw index may contain. + Parameter <literal>attribute-list</literal> is a list of + list of strings. The nesting level must not be more than 2. + So <literal>(..(..)..)</literal> is allowed, whereas + <literal>(..(..(..)..)..)</literal> is not. + </para> + <para>The list has two kinds of elements: strings and list + of strings. A single string is treated as if it were a + single element list. So the lists + <literal>("definition")</literal> and + <literal>( ("definition") )</literal> are equivalent. + All elements forming a list are a so-called + <emphasis>attribute group</emphasis>. The members of a group + are written to the output file before any member of the + following groups are written. + </para> + <para>Examples of valid attributes lists are:</para> + <para><literal>("definition" "usage")</literal> defines two + attribute groups. The first one contains all references + with the attribute <literal>definition</literal> and the + second one all with the attribute <literal>usage</literal>. + </para> + <para><literal>(("definition" "important") "usage")</literal> + defines two attribute groups. The first one contains all + references with the attributes <literal>definition</literal> + or <literal>important</literal> and the second one all with + the attribute <literal>usage</literal>. In the attribute + group <literal>("definition" "important")</literal> the + attribute <literal>definition</literal> overrides + <literal>important</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-define-crossref-class"> + <title><literal>define-crossref-class</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>define-crossref-class</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para><programlisting>(define-crossref-class name [:unverified])</programlisting></para> + <para>Defines <literal>name</literal> to be a class of + cross references. We distinguish two types of cross + reference classes. <emphasis>Verified</emphasis> cross + reference classes can be checked for dangling references. + If for instance a cross reference points to the + non-existent keyword `foo' a warning is issued and the user + is advised to correct the invalid cross reference. This is + the default. If for some reasons this mechanism must be + deactivated the switch <literal>:unverified</literal> can + be used to suppress this behaviour. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-define-letter-group"> + <title><literal>define-letter-group</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>define-letter-group</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para><programlisting>(define-letter-group name [:before lgname] [:after lgname] + [:prefixes list-of-prefixes])</programlisting></para> + <para><programlisting>(define-letter-groups list-of-letter-groups)</programlisting></para> + <para>This command defines a letter group with name + <literal>name</literal>, which must be a string value, + grouping all index entries that have a + <emphasis>sort key</emphasis> beginning with the prefix + <literal>name</literal>. The command + <programlisting>(define-letter-group "a")</programlisting> + is equivalent to the command + <programlisting>(define-letter-group "a" :prefixes ("a"))</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Using the latter form one can associate more than one + prefix with a given letter group. Also further prefixes + can be added to an already existing letter group by simply + defining the same letter group again. This results not in + a redefinition but in adding more prefixes to the currently + defined prefixes. + </para> + <para>Example: + <programlisting>(define-letter-group "a")</programlisting> + defines a letter group containing all index entries + beginning with the string <literal>"a"</literal>. + </para> + <para><programlisting>(define-letter-group "c" :after "a")</programlisting> + defines a letter group containing all index entries beginning + with the string <literal>"c"</literal>. The letter group + appears behind the letter group <literal>"a"</literal> + </para> + <para><programlisting>(define-letter-group "b" :after "a" :before "c")</programlisting> + inserts letter group <literal>"b"</literal> between letter + group <literal>"a"</literal> and <literal>"c"</literal>. + This allows incremental definition of letter groups by + extending already defined ones. + </para> + <para>The arguments <literal>:after</literal> and + <literal>:before</literal> define a partial order on the + letter groups. &xindy; tries to convert this partial order + into a total one. If this is impossible due to circular + definitions, an error is reported. If more than one + possible total ordering can result, it is left open + which one is used, so one should always define a complete + total order. + </para> + <para>The command <literal>define-letter-groups</literal> + (with an `s' at the end) is simply an abbreviation for + a sequence of <literal>define-letter-group</literal> + definitions where the elements are ordered in the + ordering given by the list. Example: + <programlisting>(define-letter-groups ("a" "b" "c")</programlisting> + equals the definitions + <programlisting>(define-letter-group "a") +(define-letter-group "b" :after "a") +(define-letter-group "c" :after "b")</programlisting> + </para> + <para>See also commands + <literal>markup-letter-group-list</literal> + and <literal>markup-letter-group</literal> for further + information. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-define-location-class"> + <title><literal>define-location-class</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>define-location-class</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <programlisting>(define-location-class name layer-list + [:min-range-length num] + [:hierdepth depth] + [:var])</programlisting> + + <para>Defines <literal>name</literal> to be a location + class consisting of the given list of layers. A list of + layers consists of names of basetypes and/or strings + representing separators. Separators must follow the + keyword argument <literal>:sep</literal>. If the keyword + <literal>:min-range-length</literal> is specified we + define the <emphasis>minimum range length</emphasis> + to be used when building ranges. The argument + <literal>num</literal> must be a positive integer number + or the keyword <literal>none</literal> in which case + the building of ranges is disallowed. If the switch + <literal>:var</literal> is specified the declared class + is of type <emphasis>variable</emphasis>, i.e. it is a + <emphasis>var-location-class</emphasis>. Since building + of ranges is currently only allowed for standard classes + <literal>:var</literal> and + <literal>:min-range-length</literal> + must not be used together. The keyword argument + <literal>:hierdepth</literal> can be used to declare that + the location references have to be tagged in a + hierarchical form. Its argument <literal>depth</literal> + must be an integer number indicating the number of layers + the hierarchy does contain. See command + <literal>markup-locref-list</literal> for more information. + Examples: + <programlisting>(define-location-class "page-numbers" ("arabic-numbers") + :minimum-range-length 3)</programlisting> + Defines the location class <literal>page-numbers</literal> + consisting of one layer which is the alphabet + <literal>arabic-numbers</literal>. Since the minimum range + length is set to 3 the location references 2, 3 and 4 don't + form a range because the range length is only 2. But the + references 6, 7, 8, and 9 are enough to form a range. Some + example instances of this class are + <literal>0, 1, ... 2313</literal>, etc. + <programlisting>(define-location-class "sections" :var + ("arabic-numbers" :sep "." + "arabic-numbers" :sep "." + "arabic-numbers"))</programlisting> + defines a variable location class. Valid instances are + <literal>1, 1.1, 1.2, 2, 2.4.5</literal>, but none of + <literal>2-3</literal> (wrong separator), + <literal>1.2.3.4</literal> (more than 3 layers), + <literal>2.3.iv</literal> (roman number instead of arabic one). + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-define-location-class-order"> + <title><literal>define-location-class-order</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>define-location-class-order</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para><programlisting>(define-location-class-order list)</programlisting></para> + <para>Defines the order in which the location classes are + written to the output file. The parameter + <literal>list</literal> is a list of names of location + classes. Examples: + <programlisting>(define-location-class-order + ("page-numbers" "sections" "xrefs"))</programlisting> + tells the system that the page numbers should appear before + the section numbers and that the cross references should + appear at the end. If this command is omitted, the + declaration order of the location classes in the index + style is implicitly used as the output order. In the case + that a location class does not appear in the list, the + output may behave unexpectedly, so one should always + enumerate all used location classes when using this command. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-define-rule-set"> + <title><literal>define-rule-set</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>define-rule-set</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para><programlisting>(define-rule-set name + [ :inherit-from ("rule-set" "rule-set-2") ] + :rules (<rule>...) )</programlisting></para> + <para>A complete specification of a multi-phase sorting process + for a language requires that some rules have to appear + in several subsequent sorting phases. Rule sets can be + used to define a set of rules that can be instantiated in + an arbitrary sorting phase. Basically, they offer means to + separate the definition of sorting rules from their + instantiation, hence, acting as a wrapper for calls + to <literal>sort-rule</literal>. They do not add new + functionality that is not already present with + <literal>sort-rule</literal>. + </para> + <para>A rule can be of the form: + <programlisting><rule> ::= ("pattern" "replacement" + [:string|:bregexp|:egegexp] [:again])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>The following incomplete example defines a new rule + set of name <literal>isolatin1-tolower</literal> that + inherits definitions from rule set + <literal>latin-tolower</literal>, overriding or adding + the sort rules in the list of <literal>:rules</literal>. + <programlisting>(define-rule-set "isolatin1-tolower" + + :inherit-from ("latin-tolower") + + :rules (("?" "?" :string :again) + ("?" "?" :string :again) + ("?" "?" :string :again) + ("?" "?" :string :again) + ("?" "?" :string :again) + ("?" "?" :string :again) + ("?" "?" :string :again) + ... + ) +...)</programlisting> + Rule sets can be instantiated with the command + <literal>use-rule-set</literal>. For further descriptions + on the sorting model refer to the command + <literal>sort-rule</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-define-sort-rule-orientations"> + <title><literal>define-sort-rule-orientations</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>define-sort-rule-orientations</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para><programlisting>(define-sort-rule-orientations (orientations...))</programlisting></para> + <para>Defines the order for the different sorting phases. + The currently implemented <emphasis>orientations</emphasis> + are <literal>forward</literal> and + <literal>backward</literal>. + This command must precede all <literal>sort-rule</literal> + commands in an index style. It defines the orientations + and implicitly sets the maximum number of sorting + phases performed. + </para> + <para>For further descriptions on the sorting model refer + to the command <literal>sort-rule</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-merge-rule"> + <title><literal>merge-rule</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>merge-rule</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para><programlisting>(merge-rule pattern replacement [:again] + [:bregexp | :eregexp | :string])</programlisting></para> + <para>Defines a keyword mapping rule that can be used to + generate the <emphasis>merge key</emphasis> from the + <emphasis>main key</emphasis> of an index entry. This + mapping is necessary to map all keywords that are + differently written but belong to the same keyword + to the same canonical keyword. + </para> + <para>The parameter <literal>pattern</literal> can be a + POSIX-compliant regular expression or an ordinary string. + The implementation uses the GNU Rx regular expression + library which implements the POSIX regular expressions. + Regular expressions (REs) can be specified as + <emphasis>basic regular expressions</emphasis> (BREs) or + <emphasis>extended regular expressions</emphasis> (EREs). + You can use the switch <literal>:bregexp</literal> to + force the interpretation of the pattern as a BRE, or + <literal>:eregexp</literal> to interpret it as an ERE. + If you want xindy to interpret the pattern literally, use + the switch <literal>:string</literal>. If none of these + switches is selected, xindy uses an auto-detection + mechanism to decide, if the pattern is a regular + expression or not. If it recognizes the pattern as + a RE, it interprets it as an ERE by default. + </para> + <para>The parameter <literal>replacement</literal> must be + a string possibly containing the special characters + <literal>&</literal> (substitutes for the complete + match) and <literal>\1 ,..., \9</literal> (substituting + for the <emphasis>n</emphasis>-th submatch. Examples: + <programlisting>(merge-rule "A" "a")</programlisting> + replaces each occurrence of the uppercase letter + <literal>`A'</literal> with its lowercase counterpart. + <programlisting>(merge-rule "\~"([AEOUaeou])" "\1")</programlisting> + transforms the &tex; umlaut-letters into their stripped + counterparts, such that <literal>`\"A '</literal> is + treated as an <literal>`A'</literal> afterwards. + </para> + <para>The following sequences have a special meaning: + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>` ~n '</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>End of line symbol + (<emphasis>linefeed</emphasis>). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>` ~b '</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>The ISO-Latin character with the lowest + ordinal number. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>` ~e ' </literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>The ISO-Latin character with the highest ordinal + number. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>` ~~ ' </literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>The tilde character.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>` ~" '</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>The double quote character.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </para> + <para>Tilde characters and double quotes have to be quoted + themselves with a tilde character. The special characters + <literal>` ~b '</literal> and <literal>` ~e '</literal> + allow the definition of arbitrary sorting orders by rules. + In connection with an additional character every position + in the alphabet can be described. E.g. + <literal>` m~e '</literal> is lexicographically placed + between <literal>`m'</literal> and <literal>`n'</literal>. + </para> + <para>Due to efficiency, rules that just exchange characters + or substitute constant character sequences are not treated + as regular expressions. Therefore, instead of using the rule + <programlisting>(merge-rule "[A-Z]" "&")</programlisting> + it is more efficient (though less comfortable) to use + <programlisting>(merge-rule "A" "Ax") +(merge-rule "B" "Bx") +... +(merge-rule "Z" "Zx")</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Usually rules are applied in order of their definition. + Rules with a special prefix precede those that begin with + a class of characters, so that the search pattern + <literal>`alpha'</literal> is checked before + <literal>`.*'</literal>, but <literal>`auto'</literal> and + <literal>`a.*'</literal> are checked in order of their + definition. + </para> + <para>The first rule from a style file that matches the + input is applied and the process restarts behind the + substituted text. If no rule could be applied, the + actual character is copied from the input and the + process continues with the next character. + </para> + <para>Sometimes it is necessary to apply rules anew to the + result of a transformation. By specifying the keyword + argument <literal>:again</literal> in the merge rule the + rule is marked as mutable, which means that after using + this rule the transformation process shall restart + at the same place. E.g. the rule + <programlisting>(merge-rule "\$(.*)\$" "\1" :again)</programlisting> + deletes <emphasis>all</emphasis> surrounding + <literal>`$ '</literal> symbols from the input. + </para> + <para>See also command <literal>sort-rule</literal>.</para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-merge-to"> + <title><literal>merge-to</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>merge-to</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para><programlisting>(merge-to attr-from attr-to [:drop])</programlisting></para> + <para>A merge rule says that the attribute + <literal>attr-from</literal> can be used to build ranges in + <literal>attr-to</literal>. Both attributes must name valid + attribute names. The switch <literal>:drop</literal> + indicates, that the original location reference with + attribute <literal>attr-from</literal> has to be dropped + (removed), if a successful range was built with location + references in attribute <literal>attr-to</literal>. + A detailed description is given in the section about + processing phases. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-require"> + <title><literal>require</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>require</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para><programlisting>(require filename)</programlisting></para> + <para>This command allows to load more index style modules. + The module is searched in the directories defined in the + search path. The file is read in and processing of the + current file continues. The argument + <literal>filename</literal> must be a string. This allows + to decompose the index style into several modules that + can be included into the topmost index style file. + Example: + <programlisting>(require "french/alphabet.xdy") +(require "french/sort-rules.xdy") +(require "tex/locations.xdy") +(require "tex/markup.xdy")</programlisting> + Submodules can load other submodules as well. If a file is + required that was already loaded, the + <literal>require</literal> command is simply ignored and + processing continues without including this file twice. + See also command searchpath. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-searchpath"> + <title><literal>searchpath</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>searchpath</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para><programlisting>(searchpath {path-string | path-list})</programlisting></para> + <para>This command adds the given paths to the list of paths, + xindy searches for index style files. The argument + <literal>path-string</literal> must be a colon-separated + string of directory names. If this path ends with a colon + the default search path is added to the end of the path + list. Example: + <programlisting>(searchpath ".:/usr/local/lib/xindy:/usr/local/lib/xindy/english:")</programlisting> + adds the specified directories to the search path. Since the + last path ends with a colon, the built-in search path is + added at the end. Specifying + <programlisting>(searchpath ("." + "/usr/local/lib/xindy" + "/usr/local/lib/xindy/english" + :default))</programlisting> + yields exactly the same result as the example above. Here + <literal>path-list</literal> must be a list of strings and/or + the keyword(s) <literal>:default</literal> and + <literal>:last</literal>. The keyword + <literal>:default</literal> signifies that the default pathnames + are to be inserted at the specified position in the list. + The keyword <literal>:last</literal> allows to insert the + currently active paths at the indicated position. Since + this allows to insert the built-in paths at any position + and incrementally adding new paths to the search path, + this version of the command ist more flexible than + the first version. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-sort-rule"> + <title><literal>sort-rule</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>sort-rule</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para><programlisting>(sort-rule pattern replacement [:run level] [:again])</programlisting></para> + <para>Defines a keyword mapping rule that can be used to + generate the <emphasis>sort key</emphasis> of an index entry + from the <emphasis>merge key</emphasis>. This key is used + to sort the index entries lexicographically after they + have been merged using the merge key. + </para> + <para>The argument <literal>:run</literal> indicates that this + rule is only in effect a the specified + <emphasis>level</emphasis> (default is level 0). For a + detailed discussion on the definition of sort rules for + different layers refer to the documentation about the new + sorting scheme (<literal>new-sort-rules</literal>) that + comes with this distribution. + </para> + <para>See command <literal>merge-rule</literal> for more + information about keyword rules. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-processing-use-rule-set"> + <title><literal>use-rule-set</literal></title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Processing Commands</secondary> + <tertiary>use-rule-set</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para><programlisting>(use-rule-set [:run phase] + [:rule-set ( <rule-set>... ))</programlisting> + </para> + <para>This command instantiates the gives rule sets to be + in effect at sorting phase <literal>phase</literal>. + The order of the rule sets given with argument + <literal>:rule-set</literal> is significant. Rule set + entries of rule set appearing at the beginning of the + list override entries in rule sets at the end + of the list. + </para> + <para>The following example declares that in phase 0 the + rule sets <literal>din5007</literal> and + <literal>isolatin1-tolower</literal> should be active, + whereas in phase 2 the other rule sets have to be applied. + <programlisting>(use-rule-set :run 0 + :rule-set ("din5007" "isolatin1-tolower")) + +(use-rule-set :run 1 + :rule-set ("resolve-umlauts" + "resolve-sharp-s" + "isolatin1-tolower" + ))</programlisting> + </para> + <para>For a discussion on rule sets refer to command + <literal>define-rule-set</literal>. + </para> + </section> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-markup"> + <title>Markup Commands</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Command List</secondary> + <tertiary>Markup Commands</tertiary> + </indexterm> + + <para>The following commands can be used to define the + markup of the index. They don't have any influence + on the indexing process. Since the markup scheme is + characterized by the concept of + <emphasis>environments</emphasis>, the syntax and naming + scheme of all commands follows a simple structure. + </para> + <para>The commands can be separated into + <emphasis>environment</emphasis> and + <emphasis>list-environment</emphasis> commands. All + commands of the first group support the keyword arguments + <literal>:open</literal> and <literal>:close</literal>, + whereas the second group additionally supports the keyword + argument <literal>:sep</literal>. If one of these keyword + arguments is missing, the default markup tag is always + the empty tag. The <literal>:open</literal> tag is always + printed before the object itself and the + <literal>:close</literal> tag is always printed after the + object has been printed. If a list is printed the + <literal>:sep</literal> tag is printed between two elements + of the list but not before the first element, or after the + last one. All commands dealing with a list have the suffix + <literal>`-list'</literal> as part of their command name. + </para> + <para>Since the number of commands and the heavy usage of + <emphasis>default</emphasis> and + <emphasis>specialized</emphasis> tags makes the markup + somehow complex (but very powerful) we have added a + mechanism to trace the markup tags xindy omits during + its markup phase with the command + <literal>markup-trace</literal>. + </para> + <para>Here follows the list of markup commands in alphabetical + order with some of the commands grouped together. + </para> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-attribute-group-list</literal></title> + <para><programlisting>(markup-attribute-group-list [:open string] [:close string] + [:sep string]) + +(markup-attribute-group [:open string] [:close string] + [:group group-num])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Location class groups consist of lists of attribute + groups. The markup of this list can be defined with the + command <literal>markup-attribute-group-list</literal>. + </para> + <para>To allow different markup for different attribute + groups the command <literal>markup-attribute-group</literal> + can be specialized on the group number with the keyword + argument <literal>:group</literal> which must be an integer + number. E.g., given are the groups + <literal>("definition" "theorem")</literal> and + <literal>("default")</literal> with group numbers 0 and 1, + then + <programlisting>(markup-attribute-group :open "<group0>" :close </group0>" + :group 0) + +(markup-attribute-group :open "<group1>" :close "</group1>" + :group 1)</programlisting> + can be used to assign different markup for both groups + in a SGML-based language. + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-crossref-list</literal></title> + <para><programlisting>(markup-crossref-list [:open string] [:close string] + [:sep string] + [:class crossref-class]) + +(markup-crossref-layer-list [:open string] [:close string] + [:sep string] + [:class crossref-class]) + +(markup-crossref-layer [:open string] [:close string] + [:class crossref-class])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>A crossref class group contains cross references of the + same class. The separator between the classes is defined with + the <literal>(markup-locclass-list :sep)</literal>-parameter. + A list of cross references can be tagged with the + <literal>command markup-crossref-list</literal> that + specializes on the <literal>:class</literal> argument. + </para> + <para>Each cross reference is determined by a list of layers + indicating the target of the cross reference. To define a + suitable markup for such a list the + <literal>command markup-crossref-layer-list</literal> + can be used. + </para> + <para>Each layer of a cross reference can be assigned two tags + that specialize on the class of the reference, like all + other commands. + </para> + <para>A suitable markup for a cross reference class + <literal>see</literal> within &latex2e; could look like that: + <programlisting>(markup-crossref-list :class "see" :open "\emph{see} " + :sep "; ") +(markup-crossref-layer-list :class "see" :sep ",") +(markup-crossref-layer :class "see" + :open "\textbf{" :close "}")</programlisting> + An example output could look like + <literal>... see house; garden,winter; greenhouse</literal> + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-index</literal></title> + <para><programlisting>(markup-index [:open string] [:close string] + [ :flat | :tree | :hierdepth depth ])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Defines the markup tags that enclose the whole index + via the <literal>:open</literal> and + <literal>:close</literal> parameters. Examples: + <programlisting>(markup-index :open "Here comes the index~n" + :close "That's all folks!~n")</programlisting> + defines that the <literal>:open</literal> string is printed + before the rest of the index and the <literal>:close</literal> + string appears after the index is printed. + </para> + <para>Additionally one can specify the form of the generated + index. It is possible to produce flat indexes by specifying + the switch <literal>:flat</literal>, to generate a tree with + the <literal>:tree</literal> switch or any kind of mixture + between both by specifying the depth up to which trees shall + be built with the parameter <literal>:hierdepth</literal>. + Its argument depth is the number of layers that can be formed + into a tree. Therefore <literal>:flat</literal> is an + abbrevation of <literal>:hierdepth 0</literal> and + <literal>:tree</literal> is an abbrevation of + <literal>:hierdepth max-depth</literal>, with + <literal>max-depth</literal> being the maximum number of + layers a keyword has. An example: the keywords + <programlisting>("tree" "binary" "AVL") +("tree" "binary" "natural")</programlisting> + can be transformed in the following ways: + </para> + <para>A flat index (<literal>:flat</literal> or + <literal>:hierdepth 0</literal>) + <programlisting>tree binary AVL +tree binary natural</programlisting> + with <literal>:hierdepth 1</literal> + <programlisting>tree + binary AVL + binary natural</programlisting> + and a tree (<literal>:tree</literal> or + <literal>:hierdepth > 1</literal>) + <programlisting>tree + binary + AVL + natural</programlisting> + Most often one will create tree-like indexes or + ones that are flat. + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-indexentry-list</literal></title> + <para><programlisting>(markup-indexentry-list [:open string] [:close string] + [:sep string] [:depth integer]) + +(markup-indexentry [:open string] [:close string] + [:depth integer])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Letter groups consists of a list of index entries. The + command <literal>markup-indexentry-list</literal> defines + the markup of these lists. The markup can be specialized + on the depth if the index is hierarchically organized. + The command + <programlisting>(markup-indexentry-list :open "\begin{IdxentList}" + :close "\end{IdxentList}" + :sep "~n")</programlisting> + defines that the index entries of all layers are wrapped + into the given markup tags. If additionally + <programlisting>(markup-indexentry-list :open "\begin{IdxentListII}" + :close "\end{IdxentListII}" + :sep "~n" + :depth 2)</programlisting> + is defined, all index entry lists of all layers (except + layer 2) are tagged according to the first specification, + and the index entry list within depth 2 are tagged + according to the second rule. + </para> + <para>The command <literal>markup-indexentry</literal> defines + the markup of an index entry at a given depth. Since + index entries may also contain subentries and the markup + for subentries may be different in different layers, + the optional keyword argument <literal>:depth</literal> + can be used to assign different markup for different layers. + If depth is ommited the default markup for all possible + depths is defined. The top-most index entries have depth 0. + </para> + <para><programlisting>(markup-indexentry :open "\begin{Indexentry}" + :close "\end{Indexentry}")</programlisting> + defines that the index entries of all layers are wrapped into + the given markup tags. If additionally + <programlisting>(markup-indexentry :open "\begin{IndexentryII}" + :close "\end{IndexentryII}" + :depth 2)</programlisting> + is defined, all index entries of all layers (except layer 2) + are tagged according to the first specification, and the + index entries with depth 2 are tagged according to the + second rule. + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-keyword-list</literal></title> + <para><programlisting>(markup-keyword-list [:open string] [:close string] + [:sep string] [:depth integer]) + +(markup-keyword [:open string] [:close string] + [:depth integer])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>The print key of an index entry consists of a list of + strings. The markup of this list can be defined with the + command <literal>markup-keyword-list</literal>. The keyword + argument <literal>:depth</literal> may be specified to + define the markup of the list at a particular depth. + </para> + <para>The keyword of an index entry consists of a list of + strings. Each of these components is tagged with the + strings defined with the command + <literal>markup-keyword</literal>. Since we maybe need + different markup for different layers, the optional + keyword argument can be used to specialize this + markup for some depth. + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-letter-group-list</literal></title> + <para><programlisting>(markup-letter-group-list [:open string] [:close string] + [:sep string]) + +(markup-letter-group [:open string] [:close string] [:group group-name] + [:open-head string] [:close-head string] + [:upcase | :downcase | :capitalize])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>The first command defines the markup of the letter + group with name <literal>group-name</literal>. Since the + markup of letter groups often contains the name of the + letter group as a part of it, the other keyword arguments + allow an additional markup for this group name. If one of + the parameters <literal>:open-head</literal> and + <literal>:close-head</literal> is specified additional markup + is added as can be described as follows: + <programlisting><OPEN> + IF (:open-head OR :close-head) + <OPEN-HEAD> + transformer-of(<GROUP-NAME>) + <CLOSE-HEAD> + FI + <INDEXENTRIES...> +<CLOSE></programlisting> + Here, <literal>transformer-of</literal> is a function that + possibly transforms the string representing the group + name into another string. The transformers we currently + support can be specified with the switches + <literal>:upcase</literal>, <literal>:downcase</literal> + and <literal>:capitalize</literal> which result in the + corresponding string conversions. If none of them is + specified no transformation is done at all. + </para> + <para>The command <literal>markup-letter-group</literal> + defines the markup of the list of letter groups. + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-locclass-list</literal></title> + <para><programlisting>(markup-locclass-list [:open string] [:close string] + [:sep string])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Each index entry contains a list of location class groups. + This markup command can be used to define the markup of + this list. + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-locref</literal></title> + <para><programlisting>(markup-locref [:open string] [:close string] + [:class locref-class] + [:attr attribute] + [:depth integer])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>The markup tags of a location reference can be + specialized on the three arguments <literal>:class</literal>, + <literal>:attr</literal> and additionally, if + sub-references are used, <literal>:depth</literal>. + Most often one will only use a tag depending on the + attribute. For example, all location references with the + attribute <literal>definition</literal> should appear in + a font series like bold, emphasizing the importance of + this location reference; those with the attribute + <literal>default</literal> in font shape italic. The + markup in this case would not specialize on the depth + or any particular class. A valid definition, suitable + for a usage within HTML, could look like this. + <programlisting>(markup-locref :open "<B>" :close "</B>" :attr "definition") +(markup-locref :open "<I>" :close "</I>" :attr "default")</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-locref-class</literal></title> + <para><programlisting>(markup-locref-class [:open string] [:close string] + [:class locref-class])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>All location references of a particular location + reference class can be wrapped into the tags defined + by this command. It specializes on the keyword + argument <literal>:class</literal>. + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-locref-layer</literal></title> + <para><programlisting>(markup-locref-layer [:open string] [:close string] + [:depth integer] [:layer integer] + [:class locref-class]) + +(markup-locref-layer-list [:open string] [:close string] + [:sep string] + [:depth integer] + [:class locref-class])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>A location reference contains a list of location reference + layers. The second markup command can be used to markup this + list. It specializes on the class of the location references + and the depth (if sub-references are used). + </para> + <para>The first command allows to tag the elements of a layer + list differently. The first element of this list can is + specialisable with <literal>:layer 0</literal>, the next + element with <literal>:layer 1</literal>, etc. See the next + example for an example. + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-locref-list</literal></title> + <para><programlisting>(markup-locref-list [:open string] [:close string] [:sep string] + [:depth integer] [:class locref-class])</programlisting> + </para> + <para>An attribute group contains a list of location + references and/or ranges. Additionally a layered + location reference itself may contain sub-references + that are stored as a list of location references. We + specialize the markup for these lists on the location + class they belong to with the keyword argument + <literal>:class</literal>, and on <literal>:depth</literal> + that specializes on the different subentry levels when using + location references with sub-references. + </para> + <para>Given is a list of location references that have the + class description + <programlisting>(define-location-class "Appendix" + ("ALPHA" :sep "-" "arabic-numbers") + :hierdepth 2)</programlisting> + </para> + <para>This location class has instances like + <literal>A-1</literal>, <literal>B-5</literal>, etc. The + keyword argument <literal>:hierdepth 2</literal> informs + &xindy; to markup these location references in a + hierarchical form. With the commands + <programlisting>(markup-locref-list :sep "; " + :depth 0 :class "Appendix") +(markup-locref-list :open " " :sep "," + :depth 1 :class "Appendix") +(markup-locref-layer :open "{\bf " :close "}" :layer 0 + :depth 0 :class "Appendix")</programlisting> + we obtain a markup sequence for some example data that + could look like + <programlisting> \bf A} 1,2,5; {\bf B} 5,6,9; {\bf D} 1,5,8; ...</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>markup-range</literal></title> + <programlisting>(markup-range [:open string] [:close string] [:sep string] + [:class locref-class] + [:length num] [:ignore-end])</programlisting> + + <para>A range consists of two location references. Markup + can be specified with the <literal>:open</literal> and + <literal>:close</literal> arguments and one separator given + by the argument <literal>:sep</literal>.</para> + <para>Since both location references are tagged with markup + defined by the command <literal>markup-locref</literal> a + specialization on attributes or depth is not necessary. + Specialization is allowed on the class they belong to, + because the separator between two location refences may be + different for each location class. Argument + <literal>:length</literal> can be used to define different + markup for different lengths. In conjunction with + <literal>:length</literal> is may be useful not to print + the second location reference at all. For example, one + wishes to markup ranges of length 1 in the form Xf. instead + of X--Y. This can be accomplished with the switch + <literal>:ignore-end</literal>.</para> + <para>The markup tags for a range (X,Y) can be described + as follows: + <programlisting><OPEN> + Markup of location reference X +<SEP> + IF (not :ignore-end) + Markup of location reference Y + FI +<CLOSE></programlisting> + </para> + <para>The following tags can be used to define a range of + page numbers (given in a location class + <literal>page-numbers</literal>) without considering the + open and close parameters: + <programlisting>(markup-range :sep "-" :class "page-numbers")</programlisting> + </para> + <para>Location ranges then appear separated by a hyphen in a + form like this: + <programlisting> ..., 5-8, 19-23, ...</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + <section> + <title><literal>(markup-trace [:on] [:open string] [:close string])</literal></title> + <para>This command can be used to activate the tracing of + all markup commands xindy executes. The switch + <literal>:on</literal> activates the trace. If + <literal>:on</literal> is omitted, the command line + flag <literal>-t</literal> can be used as well. All tags + which are emitted but not yet defined explicitly by the + user are tagged with a symbolic notation indicating the + commands that must be used to define this tag. The defaults + for the keyword argument <literal>:open</literal> is + <literal>`<'</literal> and for <literal>:close</literal> + is <literal>`>'</literal>. The beginning of an example + output could look like: + <programlisting><INDEX:OPEN> + <LETTER-GROUP-LIST:OPEN> + <LETTER-GROUP:OPEN ["a"]> + <INDEXENTRY-LIST:OPEN [0]> + <INDEXENTRY:OPEN [0]> + <KEYWORD-LIST:OPEN [0]> + <KEYWORD:OPEN [0]> + ...</programlisting> + </para> + <para>We use a simple indentation scheme to make the structure + of the tags visible. The symbolic tag + <literal><LETTER-GROUP:OPEN ["a"]></literal> for + example indicates that the tag that can be specified with + the command + <programlisting>(markup-letter-group :open "XXX" :group "a" ... )</programlisting> + is emitted at this point in the markup process. By + incrementally adding markup commands to the index, more + and more tags can be defined until the whole markup is + defined. This general mechanism should allow everyone + understand the markup process. The best is to start with + a small index, define the complete markup and afterwards + process the whole index. Additionally one can enclose + the symbolic tags into an environment that is neutral + to the document preparation system, such as a comment. + For TeX this could be + <programlisting>(markup-trace :open "%%" :close "~n")</programlisting> + or a definition in the TeX document like + <programlisting>\def\ignore#1{}</programlisting> + combined with the command + <programlisting>(markup-trace :open "\ignore{" :close "}")</programlisting> + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="xindy-command-list-raw-index"> + <title>Raw Index Interface</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Command List</secondary> + <tertiary>Raw Index Interface</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>This section can be skipped if the reader is not + interested in adapting xindy to a new document + preparation system. + </para> + <para>The raw index is the file that represents the index + that is to be processed. Since many different document + preparation systems may use different forms of index + representations, their output must be transformed in a + form readable by xindy. We also could have written an + configurable parser performing this task, but usually + a tool written with some text processing tools such as + <command>perl</command>, <command>sed</command> or + <command>awk</command> can achieve the same task as well. + Therefore, adapting xindy to a completely different system + can mostly be done by writing an appropriate raw index filter. + </para> + <para>The format of the raw index interface of xindy is + defined as follows: + </para> + <programlisting>(indexentry { :key string-list [:print string-list] + | :tkey list-of-layers } + [:attr string] + { :locref string [:open-range | :close-range] + | :xref string-list } )</programlisting> + <para>The pseudo variable <emphasis>string</emphasis> is a + sequence of characters surrounded by double quotes, e.g. + <programlisting>"Hi, it's me" "one" "a string with two \"double quotes\""</programlisting> + are three examples of valid strings. If you need to include + a double quote as a literal character, you must quote it + itself with a backslash as shown in the third example. + A <emphasis>string list</emphasis> is simply a list of strings + separated by whitespaces and surrounded by round braces. + An example of a string list is + <programlisting>("This" "is" "a" "list" "of" "strings")</programlisting> + </para> + <para>So far about the syntax. The semantics of the + different elements are described here. + </para> + <variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>:key</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>The argument <emphasis>string list</emphasis> + defines the keyword of the index entry. It must be + a list of strings, since the keyword may consist of + different layers such as + <literal>("heap" "fibonacci")</literal>. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>:print</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>The optional <emphasis>print key</emphasis> defines + the way the keyword has to be printed in the markup phase. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>:tkey</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>Another possibility to define the keys of an index + entry is with the <literal>:tkey</literal> keyword + argument. It can be used instead of the + <literal>:key</literal> and <literal>:print</literal> + arguments. Instead of specifying separately the key + and the corresponding print key, we define the keyword + by its layers. Each layer consist of a list of one or + two strings. The first string will be interpreted as the + main key, whereas the second one will become the print + key. If the print key is ommited, the main key is taken + instead. So the definition + <programlisting>:tkey (("This") ("is") ("a") ("bang" "BANG !!!"))</programlisting> + is equivalent to + <programlisting>:key ("This" "is" "a" "bang") +:print ("This" "is" "a" "BANG !!!")</programlisting> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>:locref</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>The reference an index entry describes can be a + <emphasis>location reference</emphasis> or a + <emphasis>cross reference</emphasis>. The switch + <literal>:locref</literal> describes a location + reference. Its optional arguments are + <literal>:open-range</literal> and + <literal>:close-range</literal>. The + <emphasis>string</emphasis> that must be supplied must + somehow encode the location reference. It might look + like the string <literal>"25"</literal> representing + the page number 25, or <literal>"Appendix-I"</literal> + representing the first appendix numbered in + uppercase roman numerals. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>:open-range,:close-range</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>These are switches that do not take any arguments. + They describe the beginning and ending of a + <emphasis>range</emphasis>, starting or ending from + the location reference that is given by the argument + <literal>:locref</literal>. If they are supplied, + the location reference may have influence on the + way ranges are build. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>:xref</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>These arguments choose the second alternative. + The argument <emphasis>string list</emphasis> of + parameter <literal>:xref</literal> describes where + the index entry should point to. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><literal>:attr</literal></term> + <listitem> + <para>This parameter may be used to tag a location + reference with a certain attribute or it names the + class of a cross reference. It may also used to + associate different markup for different attributes + in the markup phase. If this parameter is omitted + or is the empty string, the indexentry is declared + to have the attribute <literal>default</literal>. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + <para>Some examples: + <programlisting>(indexentry :key ("airplane") :locref "25" :attr "default")</programlisting> + defines an index entry with the key + <emphasis>airplane'</emphasis> indexed on page + <emphasis>25'</emphasis>. This index entry has the + attribute <literal>default</literal>. + </para> + <para><programlisting>(indexentry :key ("house") :xref("building") :attr "see")</programlisting> + defines a cross reference with the key + <literal>house</literal> pointing to the term + <literal>building</literal>. This cross reference belongs to + the cross reference class <literal>see</literal>. + </para> + <para><programlisting>(indexentry :key ("house") :xref("building") :open-range)</programlisting> + is an invalid specification, since + <literal>:open-range</literal> + mustn't be used together with cross references. + </para> + </section> + + </section> + + <section id="xindy-invoking"> + <title>Invoking xindy</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Invoking</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <section id="xindy-invoking-cmdline"> + <title>Command Line Options</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Invoking</secondary> + <tertiary>Command Line Options</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The following command line options are accepted:</para> + <programlisting>xindy [-h] [-t] [-v] [-l logfile] [-o outfile] + [-L n] [-f filterprog] + indexstyle raw-index</programlisting> + <para>The argument <literal>indexstyle</literal> names a file, + containing the index style description. The argument + <literal>raw-index</literal> names a file, containing + the raw index. Both arguments are mandatory. + </para> + + <para><variablelist role="db2latex:compact"> + <varlistentry> + <term>-h</term> + <listitem> + <para>Gives a short summary of all command line options. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>-l</term> + <listitem> + <para>Writes helpful information into the + specified <literal>logfile</literal>. For example, + the keyword mappings are written into this file, + so one can check if the intended mappings were + actually performed this way. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>-o</term> + <listitem> + <para>Explicitly defines the name of the + <literal>output</literal> file. + If not given, the name of the + <literal>raw-index</literal> is used with + its extension changed to <literal>.ind</literal> + (or added, if it had no extension at all). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>-t</term> + <listitem> + <para>Enters tracing mode of the symbolic markup tags. + The format of the emitted tags can be defined with + the command <literal>markup-trace</literal>. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>-L</term> + <listitem> + <para>Set the xindy logging-level to <literal>n</literal>. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>-f</term> + <listitem> + <para>Run <literal>filterprog</literal> on + <literal>raw-index</literal> before reading. + The program must act as a filter reading from + <literal>stdin</literal> and writing to + <literal>stdout</literal>. The most obvious use + of this option in conjunction with TeX is to run + <literal>-f tex2xindy</literal> on the index file + prior to reading the entries into xindy. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term>-v</term> + <listitem> + <para>Shows the version number of xindy. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + Errors and warnings are reported to <literal>stdout</literal> + and additionally to the logfile if <literal>-l</literal> + was specified. + </para> + </section> + + <section id="xindy-search-path"> + <title>Search Path</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>&xindy;</primary> + <secondary>Invoking</secondary> + <tertiary>Search Path</tertiary> + </indexterm> + <para>The system uses the concept of a search path for + finding the index style files and modules. The searchpath + can be set with the environment variable + <envar>XINDY_SEARCHPATH</envar> which must contain a + list of colon-separated directories. If it ends with a + colon, the built-in searchpath is added to the entire + searchpath. See the command + <link linkend="xindy-command-list-processing-searchpath">searchpath</link> + for further details. + </para> + </section> + + </section> + +</chapter> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chunk.xsl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chunk.xsl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d55d0c48c13 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-chunk.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ +<?xml version="1.0"?> +<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" + version="1.0" + xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" + exclude-result-prefixes="#default"> + + <!-- $Id: tex-refs-chunk.xsl 142 2004-10-24 15:13:24Z mw $ --> + + <!-- FIXME: XHTML --> + <!-- <xsl:import href="file:///home/mw/docbook-xsl/html/chunk.xsl"/> --> + <!-- we use an XML catalog to resolve this file --> + <xsl:import href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/html/chunk.xsl"/> + + <!-- import common customizations --> + <xsl:import href="tex-refs-common.xsl"/> + + <!-- insert customization here --> + + <xsl:param name="default.encoding" select="'ISO-8859-1'"/> + + <xsl:param name="use.id.as.filename" select="'1'"/> + <xsl:param name="section.autolabel" select="1"/> + <xsl:param name="html.stylesheet" select="'../tex-refs.css'"/> + + <!-- chunking options --> + <xsl:param name="chunk.fast" select="1"/> + + <!-- Chunk the first top-level section? --> + <xsl:param name="chunk.first.sections" select="0"/> + + <!-- Depth to which sections should be chunked --> + <xsl:param name="chunk.section.depth" select="1"/> + + <xsl:param name="process.source.toc">1</xsl:param> + + <!-- How deep should recursive sections appear in the TOC? --> + <xsl:param name="toc.section.depth">2</xsl:param> + + <!-- Control depth of TOC generation in sections --> + <xsl:param name="generate.section.toc.level" select="2"/> + + <xsl:param name="section.label.includes.component.label" select="1"/> + + <xsl:param name="chunker.output.method" select="'html'"/> + + <!-- no titles in headers and footers --> + <!--<xsl:param name="navig.showtitles" select="0"/> --> + + <!-- exchange header --> + <xsl:template name="header.navigation"> + <xsl:param name="prev" select="/foo"/> + <xsl:param name="next" select="/foo"/> + <xsl:param name="nav.context"/> + + <xsl:variable name="home" select="/*[1]"/> + <xsl:variable name="up" select="parent::*"/> + + <xsl:variable name="row1" select="$navig.showtitles != 0"/> + <xsl:variable name="row2" select="count($prev) > 0 + or (count($up) > 0 + and generate-id($up) != generate-id($home) + and $navig.showtitles != 0) + or count($next) > 0"/> + + <xsl:if test="$suppress.navigation = '0' and $suppress.header.navigation = '0'"> + <div class="navheader"> + <xsl:if test="$row1 or $row2"> + <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> + <xsl:if test="$row1"> + <tr> + <th colspan="3" align="center"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="count($up) > 0 + and generate-id($up) != generate-id($home) and $navig.showtitles != 0"> + <xsl:apply-templates select="$up" mode="object.title.markup"/> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </th> + </tr> + </xsl:if> + + <xsl:if test="$row2"> + <tr> + <td width="20%" align="left"> + <xsl:if test="count($prev)>0"> + <a accesskey="p"> + <xsl:attribute name="href"> + <xsl:call-template name="href.target"> + <xsl:with-param name="object" select="$prev"/> + </xsl:call-template> + </xsl:attribute> + <xsl:call-template name="navig.content"> + <xsl:with-param name="direction" select="'prev'"/> + </xsl:call-template> + </a> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + </td> + <th width="60%" align="center"> + <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="object.title.markup"/> + </th> + <td width="20%" align="right"> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + <xsl:if test="count($next)>0"> + <a accesskey="n"> + <xsl:attribute name="href"> + <xsl:call-template name="href.target"> + <xsl:with-param name="object" select="$next"/> + </xsl:call-template> + </xsl:attribute> + <xsl:call-template name="navig.content"> + <xsl:with-param name="direction" select="'next'"/> + </xsl:call-template> + </a> + </xsl:if> + </td> + </tr> + </xsl:if> + </table> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="$header.rule != 0"> + <hr/> + </xsl:if> + </div> + </xsl:if> + </xsl:template> + + <!-- FIXME: XHTML + <xsl:param name="chunker.output.doctype-public" + select="'-//W3C//DTD XHTML 4.01 Transitional//EN'"/> + <xsl:param name="chunker.output.doctype-system" + select="'http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd'"/> + --> + + <!-- this enables generation of TOC in appendix + <xsl:param name="generate.toc"> +appendix toc +article/appendix toc +article toc +book toc,title,figure,table,example,equation +sect1 toc +sect2 toc +sect3 toc +sect4 toc +sect5 toc +section toc + </xsl:param> + --> + +</xsl:stylesheet> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-common.xsl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-common.xsl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..edb8623bb5f --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-common.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ +<?xml version="1.0"?> +<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" + version="1.0" + xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" + exclude-result-prefixes="#default"> + + <!-- $Id: tex-refs-common.xsl 137 2004-06-21 09:45:54Z mw $ --> + + <!-- Common customizations for all stylesheets --> + + <xsl:template match="toc"/> + + <!-- this omits the trailing '.' in numbered sections --> + <xsl:param name="autotoc.label.separator" select="' '"/> + <xsl:param name="local.l10n.xml" select="document('')"/> + + <l:i18n xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0"> + <l:l10n language="en"> + <l:context name="title-numbered"> + <l:template name="section" text="%n %t"/> + </l:context> + </l:l10n> + </l:i18n> + + <!-- override template for revhistory table --> + <xsl:template match="revhistory" mode="titlepage.mode"> + <xsl:variable name="numcols"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="//authorinitials">3</xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise>2</xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:variable> + + <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="{name(.)}"> + <table border="2" cellspacing="4" width="100%" summary="Revision history"> + <tr> + <th align="left" valign="top" colspan="{$numcols}"> + <b> + <xsl:call-template name="gentext"> + <xsl:with-param name="key" select="'RevHistory'"/> + </xsl:call-template> + </b> + </th> + </tr> + <xsl:apply-templates mode="titlepage.mode"> + <xsl:with-param name="numcols" select="$numcols"/> + </xsl:apply-templates> + </table> + </div> + </xsl:template> + + <xsl:template match="symbol"> + <xsl:param name="entity"><xsl:value-of select="." /></xsl:param> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$entity='--'"><xsl:text>-</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='BibTeX'"><xsl:text>BibTeX</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='LaTeX'"><xsl:text>LaTeX</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='LaTeX2e'"><xsl:text>LaTeX2e</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='Makeindex'"><xsl:text>Make-Index</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='PiCTeX'"><xsl:text>PiCTeX</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='TeX'"><xsl:text>TeX</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:call-template name="inline.charseq"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:template> + +</xsl:stylesheet> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-htmlhelp.xsl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-htmlhelp.xsl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cda38a96cb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-htmlhelp.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +<?xml version="1.0"?> +<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" + version="1.0" + xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" + exclude-result-prefixes="#default"> + + <!-- $Id: tex-refs-htmlhelp.xsl 120 2004-03-26 20:19:43Z mw $ --> + + <xsl:import href="file:///home/mw/docbook-xsl-1.62.4/htmlhelp/htmlhelp.xsl"/> + + <!-- insert customization here --> + <xsl:param name="use.id.as.filename" select="'1'"/> + <xsl:param name="htmlhelp.chm" select="'tex-refs.chm'"/> + +</xsl:stylesheet> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-local.mapping.xml b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-local.mapping.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7a00d019d20 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-local.mapping.xml @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> + +<!-- $Id: tex-refs-local.mapping.xml 137 2004-06-21 09:45:54Z mw $ --> + +<latexbindings> + + <!-- LaTeX mapping, role, BEGIN --> + <latexmapping role="begin"> + <mapping key="revhistory" text=""> + <line> </line> + <line>\pagebreak </line> + <line>\chapter*{%title%} </line> + <line>\label{%id%}\hypertarget{%id%}{}% </line> + <line>\begin{tabular}{@{}lll@{}} </line> + </mapping> + </latexmapping> + + <!-- LaTeX mapping, role, END --> + <latexmapping role="end"> + <mapping key="revhistory" text=""> + <line>\end{tabular} </line> + </mapping> + </latexmapping> + + +</latexbindings> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-pdf.xsl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-pdf.xsl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e3508e53d5d --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-pdf.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,584 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> +<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> + + <!-- $Id: tex-refs-pdf.xsl 146 2005-05-14 15:34:22Z mw $ --> + + <!-- we use an XML catalog to resolve this file --> + <xsl:import href="http://db2latex.sourceforge.net/xsl/docbook.xsl"/> + + <xsl:output method="text" encoding="ISO-8859-1" indent="yes"/> + + <xsl:param name="latex.documentclass">scrbook</xsl:param> + <xsl:param name="latex.documentclass.book">twoside,openright,tocleft,listsleft,smallheadings,10pt,halfparskip</xsl:param> + + <xsl:param name="latex.hyperref.param.common">bookmarksnumbered,backref,breaklinks,linktocpage</xsl:param> + + <xsl:variable name="latex.math.support">1</xsl:variable> + + <!-- we use the Latin Modern fonts --> + <xsl:variable name="latex.document.font">lmodern</xsl:variable> + + <xsl:variable name="latex.documentclass.common"></xsl:variable> + <xsl:variable name="latex.babel.language">english</xsl:variable> + + <xsl:variable name="latex.hyphenation.tttricks">1</xsl:variable> + + <xsl:param name="latex.inline.monoseq.style">\texttt</xsl:param> + + <xsl:variable name="latex.admonition.environment"> + <xsl:text>% ---------------------------------------------- </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% Define a new LaTeX environment (adminipage) </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% Modified for DAHB, M. Wiedmann, 2003.07.25 </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% ---------------------------------------------- </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\newenvironment{admminipage}% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>{ % this code corresponds to the \begin{adminipage} command </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \begin{Sbox}% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \begin{minipage}% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>} %done </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>{ % this code corresponds to the \end{adminipage} command </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \end{minipage} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \end{Sbox} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \fbox{\TheSbox} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>} %done </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% ---------------------------------------------- </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% Define a new LaTeX length (admlength) </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% ---------------------------------------------- </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\newlength{\admlength} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% ---------------------------------------------- </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% Define a new LaTeX environment (admonition) </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% With 2 parameters: </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% #1 The file (e.g. note.pdf) </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% #2 The caption </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% ---------------------------------------------- </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\newenvironment{admonition}[2] </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>{ % this code corresponds to the \begin{admonition} command </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \begin{center}% Added MW </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> %\hspace{0mm}\newline\hspace*\fill\newline </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \noindent </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \setlength{\fboxsep}{5pt} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \setlength{\admlength}{\linewidth} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \addtolength{\admlength}{-10\fboxsep} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \addtolength{\admlength}{-10\fboxrule} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \admminipage{\admlength} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> {\bfseries \sc\normalsize{#2}}</xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \newline </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \\[0.3ex] </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \sffamily </xsl:text> + <!-- + If we cannot find the latex.admonition.path; + Comment out the next line (\includegraphics). + This tactic is to avoid deleting the \includegraphics + altogether, as that could confuse a person trying to + find the use of parameter #1 in the environment. + --> + <xsl:if test="$latex.admonition.path=''"> + <xsl:text>%</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:text> \includegraphics[</xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="$latex.admonition.imagesize" /> <xsl:text>]{#1} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \addtolength{\admlength}{-1cm} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \addtolength{\admlength}{10pt} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \begin{minipage}[lt]{\admlength} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \parskip=0.5\baselineskip \advance\parskip by 0pt plus 2pt </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \small% Added MW </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>} %done </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>{ % this code corresponds to the \end{admonition} command </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \vspace{1mm}% Changed MW: from 5 to 1mm </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \end{minipage} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \endadmminipage </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \vspace{.5em} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \par </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \end{center}% Added MW </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>} </xsl:text> +</xsl:variable> + + <!-- path to admonition figure graphic files --> + <!-- <xsl:param name="latex.admonition.path">/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/xsl/db2latex/latex/figures</xsl:param> --> + <xsl:param name="latex.admonition.path"></xsl:param> + + <!-- we use scrbook which provides headers + but they do not work yet! + --> + <xsl:param name="latex.use.fancyhdr">1</xsl:param> + + <xsl:param name="latex.use.tabularx">1</xsl:param> + + <xsl:variable name="latex.hyperref.param.pdftex"> + pdfauthor={Michael Wiedmann}, + pdfpagemode=UseNone, + pdfstartview=FitH, + pdftitle={References for TeX and Friends}, + pdfcreator={DocBook/XML db2latex-xsl}, + pdfsubject={}, + pdfkeywords={TeX, LaTeX}, + pdfpagelabels + </xsl:variable> + + <xsl:param name="latex.use.parskip">1</xsl:param> + <xsl:param name="latex.use.makeidx">1</xsl:param> + <xsl:param name="toc.section.depth">2</xsl:param> + + <xsl:param name="latex.entities"></xsl:param> + + <xsl:param name="latex.use.subfigure">0</xsl:param> + <xsl:param name="latex.caption.swapskip">0</xsl:param> + + <!-- for customizing LaTeX mapping --> + <!-- we need this e.g. for 'revhistory' --> + <xsl:variable name="latex.mapping.xml" select="document('tex-refs-local.mapping.xml')"/> + + <xsl:variable name="latex.book.varsets"> + <xsl:text>%% headings </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%\usepackage[automark]{scrpage2} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%\pagestyle{scrheadings} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%% T1 encoding </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%% character protruding for pdftex </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%% load geometry package for setting margins </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\usepackage{geometry} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\geometry{lmargin=2.5cm,rmargin=2.0cm,tmargin=2.0cm,bmargin=2.0cm,headsep=1.0cm,footskip=1.5cm} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%% title </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%FIXME </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\pagestyle{plain} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\titlehead{} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\uppertitleback{} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\lowertitleback{} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\dedication{} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\subject{} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\publishers{} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\date{</xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="/book/bookinfo/date"/><xsl:text>} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%% support for landscape pages </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\usepackage{lscape} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%% used by multicolumn! </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\usepackage{calc} </xsl:text> + <!-- + <xsl:text>%% end up with even pages </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\AtEndDocument{% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \newcommand\QuadPages{% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \setcounter{subparagraph}{\value{page}}% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \divide\value{subparagraph} by 2\relax% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \multiply\value{subparagraph} by 2\relax% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \ifnum\value{subparagraph}=\value{page}\let\QuadPages=\relax </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \null\thispagestyle{empty}\clearpage </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \else\null\newpage\fi </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \QuadPages} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \clearpage </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \markboth{Notes}{Notes}\QuadPages </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>} </xsl:text> + --> + </xsl:variable> + + <!-- outputs per default \makeglossary which we don't use --> + <xsl:param name="latex.book.afterauthor"/> + + <xsl:variable name="latex.book.preamble.post"> + <xsl:text>%% get rid of fancyhdr's rulers </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\fancyhead[LE,RO]{\nouppercase{\rightmark}} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\fancyhead[LO,RE]{\nouppercase{\leftmark}} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\cfoot{} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\fancyfoot[LE,RO]{\thepage} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%% hyphenation settings </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\setlength\emergencystretch{3em} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\hyphenpenalty=1000 </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\AtBeginDocument{\lefthyphenmin=3\righthyphenmin=3} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%% more space for floats </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.05}% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.95}% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.95}% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.35}% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%% some special lists </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\usepackage{mdwlist} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>%some special symbols </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\providecommand\BibTeX{\textsc{Bib}\kern-0.08em\TeX} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\providecommand\Makeindex{\textit{Make\-Index}} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\providecommand\PiCTeX{P\kern-.12em\lower.5ex\hbox{I}\kern-.075emC\kern-.11em\TeX} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% Taken from "dtklogos.sty" </xsl:text> + <xsl:text><![CDATA[% tbd. for MP/MF]]> </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\usepackage{shorttoc} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% Code to handle the revhistory, copyright, </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% and legalnotice tags like we want </xsl:text> + <xsl:text><![CDATA[\newcommand*\mystartvskip{} +\newcommand*\myendvskip{} +\makeatletter +\begingroup +\def\vspace*#1{#1} +\@tempskipa=\chapterheadstartvskip\relax +\@tempskipa=-\@tempskipa +\xdef\mystartvskip{\the\@tempskipa} +\def\vspace#1{#1} +\@tempskipa=\chapterheadendvskip\relax +%\@tempskipa=-\@tempskipa +\xdef\myendvskip{\the\@tempskipa} +\endgroup + +\newcommand\originalsection{} +\let\originalsection=\section +\newcommand*\fakechapter{\@startsection{chapter}{0}{\z@}% + {\mystartvskip}% + {\myendvskip}% + {\raggedsection\normalfont\sectfont\nobreak\size@chapter\nobreak}} +\makeatother +]]> </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% end of special code </xsl:text> + </xsl:variable> + + <!-- template overrides --> + + <xsl:template match="toc"> + <xsl:text> \def\dbtolatex@@contentsname{</xsl:text> + <xsl:variable name="title"> + <xsl:call-template name="extract.object.title"> + <xsl:with-param name="object" select="."/> + </xsl:call-template> + </xsl:variable> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$title=''"> + <xsl:text>\dbtolatex@@contentsname</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:value-of select="$title"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:text>} </xsl:text> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="starts-with(@condition,'db2latex:')"> + <xsl:text>\shorttoc{\dbtolatex@@contentsname}{</xsl:text> + <xsl:value-of select="substring-after(@condition,'db2latex:')"/> + <xsl:text>}</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:apply-imports/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:template> + + <!-- override 'revision' --> + <!-- use a more pleasant (IMHO) table layout for the 'revhistory' --> + <xsl:template match="revhistory/revision"> + <xsl:variable name="revnumber" select=".//revnumber"/> + <xsl:variable name="revdate" select=".//date"/> + <xsl:variable name="revauthor" select=".//authorinitials"/> + <xsl:variable name="revremark" select=".//revremark|.//revdescription"/> + + <xsl:if test="$revnumber"> + <xsl:call-template name="gentext.element.name"/> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + <xsl:apply-templates select="$revnumber"/> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:text> & </xsl:text> + <xsl:apply-templates select="$revdate"/> + <xsl:text> & </xsl:text> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="count($revauthor)=0"> + <xsl:call-template name="dingbat"> + <xsl:with-param name="dingbat">nbsp</xsl:with-param> + </xsl:call-template> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:apply-templates select="$revauthor"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:text> \\ </xsl:text> + <xsl:if test="$revremark"> + <xsl:text>\multicolumn{3}{@{}l@{}}{\parbox{\linewidth-4\tabcolsep}{</xsl:text> + <xsl:apply-templates select="$revremark"/> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="position()!=last()"> + <xsl:text>\\[.2em]~}}\\</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text>\\~}}\\</xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + </xsl:template> + + + <!-- override maketile of db2latex --> + <xsl:variable name="latex.maketitle"> + <xsl:text>\maketitle </xsl:text> + </xsl:variable> + + <!-- override "verbatim.apply.templates": + we support attribute 'role' with different values + for 'fontsize', 'samepage', and 'lines' + (see 'fancyvrb' for details) + additionally we support 'landscape': places content on + separate pages in landscape mode + --> + <xsl:template name="verbatim.apply.templates"> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'landscape')"> + <xsl:text>\begin{landscape} </xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$latex.use.fancyvrb='1'"> + <xsl:variable name="not_monospaced" select="local-name(.)='literallayout' and @format!='monospaced'"/> + <xsl:text> \begin{Verbatim}[</xsl:text> + <xsl:if test="@linenumbering='numbered'"> + <xsl:text>,numbers=left</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="$not_monospaced"> + <xsl:text>,fontfamily=default</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <!-- extensions by MW --> + <xsl:if test="@role"> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'small')"> + <xsl:text>,fontsize=\small</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'footnotesize')"> + <xsl:text>,fontsize=\footnotesize</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'scriptsize')"> + <xsl:text>,fontsize=\scriptsize</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'large')"> + <xsl:text>,fontsize=\large</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'Large')"> + <xsl:text>,fontsize=\Large</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role, 'samepage')"> + <xsl:text>,samepage=true</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role, 'lines')"> + <xsl:text>,frame=lines</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:text>] </xsl:text> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$not_monospaced"> + <!-- Needs to be changed to cope with regular characterset! --> + <xsl:apply-templates mode="latex.verbatim"/> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:apply-templates mode="latex.verbatim"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:text> \end{Verbatim} </xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text> \begin{verbatim} </xsl:text> + <xsl:apply-templates mode="latex.verbatim"/> + <xsl:text> \end{verbatim} </xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'landscape')"> + <xsl:text>\end{landscape} </xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + </xsl:template> + + <!-- override: use 'role="nohyphenation"' to avoid hyphenation in title's --> + <xsl:template match="filename"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="contains(@role,'nohyphenation')"> + <xsl:call-template name="inline.monoseq"><xsl:with-param name="hyphenation"></xsl:with-param></xsl:call-template> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:call-template name="inline.monoseq"><xsl:with-param name="hyphenation">\docbookhyphenatefilename</xsl:with-param></xsl:call-template> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:template> + + <!-- override floatstyles for figures and tables --> + <!-- we use 'floatstyle=plain' for figures and tables --> + <xsl:template name="latex.float.preamble"> + <xsl:text>% -------------------------------------------- </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% Commands to manage/style/create floats </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% figures, tables, algorithms, examples, eqn </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% Customized for DAHB by mw, 20030506 </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% -------------------------------------------- </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \floatstyle{plain} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \restylefloat{figure} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \floatstyle{plain} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \restylefloat{table} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \floatstyle{ruled} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \newfloat{program}{ht}{lop}[section] </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \floatstyle{ruled} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \newfloat{example}{ht}{loe}[section] </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \floatname{example}{</xsl:text> + <xsl:call-template name="gentext.element.name"> + <xsl:with-param name="element.name">example</xsl:with-param> + </xsl:call-template> + <xsl:text>} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \floatstyle{ruled} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \newfloat{dbequation}{ht}{loe}[section] </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \floatname{dbequation}{</xsl:text> + <xsl:call-template name="gentext.element.name"> + <xsl:with-param name="element.name">equation</xsl:with-param> + </xsl:call-template> + <xsl:text>} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \floatstyle{boxed} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \newfloat{algorithm}{ht}{loa}[section] </xsl:text> + <xsl:text> \floatname{algorithm}{Algorithm} </xsl:text> + </xsl:template> + + <!-- override informaltable: we want a smaller font --> + <xsl:template match="informaltable"> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'Large')"> + <xsl:text>\Large </xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'large')"> + <xsl:text>\large </xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'small')"> + <xsl:text>\small </xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="contains(@role,'footnotesize')"> + <xsl:text>\footnotesize </xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + + <xsl:call-template name="map.begin"/> + <xsl:apply-templates/> + <xsl:call-template name="map.end"/> + + <xsl:text>\normalsize </xsl:text> + </xsl:template> + + <!-- we want "\noindent" in some cases --> + <xsl:template match="para|simpara"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="contains(@role,'db2latex:noindent')"> + <xsl:text>\noindent </xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:apply-templates/> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="contains(@role,'db2latex:noindent')"> + <xsl:text>\vspace{1ex}\par</xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + </xsl:template> + + <!-- include modified table templates. + Snapshot up to 2003-10-01 is buggy. + --> + <xsl:include href="db2latex-mw-table.xsl"/> + + <!-- include modified (enhanced) variablelist template --> + <xsl:include href="db2latex-mw-variablelist.xsl"/> + + <!-- include modified (enhanced) itemizedlist template --> + <xsl:include href="db2latex-mw-itemizedlist.xsl"/> + + <xsl:template match="bridgehead" name="bridgehead"> + <xsl:param name="renderas" select="@renderas"/> + <xsl:param name="content"><xsl:apply-templates/></xsl:param> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$renderas='sect1' or $renderas='sect2' or $renderas='sect3'"> + <xsl:text> \</xsl:text> + <xsl:if test="$renderas='sect2'"><xsl:text>sub</xsl:text></xsl:if> + <xsl:if test="$renderas='sect3'"><xsl:text>subsub</xsl:text></xsl:if> + <xsl:text>section*{</xsl:text> + <xsl:copy-of select="$content"/> + <xsl:text>}</xsl:text> + <xsl:call-template name="label.id"/> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + <!-- <xsl:text>\vspace{1em}\noindent{\bfseries </xsl:text><xsl:copy-of select="$content"/><xsl:text>}</xsl:text> --> + <xsl:text>\noindent\subparagraph*{</xsl:text><xsl:copy-of select="$content"/><xsl:text>}</xsl:text> + <xsl:call-template name="label.id"/> + <!-- changed, original was: \par\noindent --> + <xsl:text>\par </xsl:text> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:template> + + <xsl:template name="generate.bookinfo.copyright"> + <xsl:apply-templates select="copyright" /> + </xsl:template> + + <xsl:template match="copyright"> + <xsl:if test="count(preceding-sibling::copyright)=0"> + <xsl:text>% switch to fake section </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\let\section=\fakechapter </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\section*{</xsl:text> + <xsl:call-template name="gentext.element.name"/> + <xsl:text>} </xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:call-template name="gentext.element.name"/> + <xsl:call-template name='gentext.space'/> + <xsl:call-template name="dingbat"> + <xsl:with-param name="dingbat">copyright</xsl:with-param> + </xsl:call-template> + <xsl:call-template name='gentext.space'/> + <xsl:apply-templates select="year"/> + <xsl:call-template name='gentext.space'/> + <xsl:apply-templates select="holder"/> + <xsl:if test="count(following-sibling::copyright)>0"> + <xsl:text>\newline</xsl:text> + </xsl:if> + <xsl:text> </xsl:text> + </xsl:template> + + <xsl:template match="legalnotice"> + <xsl:text>\section*{</xsl:text> + <xsl:call-template name="legalnotice.title"/> + <xsl:text>} </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\small </xsl:text> + <xsl:apply-templates select="node()[not(self::title)]"/> + <xsl:text>%\vspace{0.6em}\par </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\normalsize\rmfamily </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>% switch back to normal section </xsl:text> + <xsl:text>\let\section=\originalsection </xsl:text> + </xsl:template> + + <xsl:template match="symbol"> + <xsl:param name="entity"><xsl:value-of select="." /></xsl:param> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$entity='--'"><xsl:text>--</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='BibTeX'"><xsl:text>{\BibTeX{}}</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='LaTeX'"><xsl:text>{\LaTeX{}}</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='LaTeX2e'"><xsl:text>{\LaTeXe{}}</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='Makeindex'"><xsl:text>{\Makeindex{}}</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='PiCTeX'"><xsl:text>{\PiCTeX{}}</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="$entity='TeX'"><xsl:text>{\TeX{}}</xsl:text></xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:call-template name="inline.charseq"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:template> + + + <!-- testing --> + + <xsl:template name="label.id"> + <xsl:text> % MW: label.id </xsl:text> + <xsl:param name="object" select="."/> + <xsl:text>\label{</xsl:text> + <xsl:call-template name="generate.label.id"> + <xsl:with-param name="object" select="$object"/> + </xsl:call-template> + <xsl:text>}</xsl:text> + </xsl:template> + + <xsl:template name="generate.label.id"> + <xsl:param name="object" select="."/> + <xsl:variable name="id"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="$object/@id"> + <xsl:value-of select="$object/@id"/> + </xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:value-of select="generate-id($object)"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:variable> + <xsl:value-of select="normalize-space($id)"/> + </xsl:template> + +</xsl:stylesheet> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-plucker.xsl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-plucker.xsl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..76c85da75ae --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-plucker.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +<?xml version="1.0"?> +<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" + version="1.0" + xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" + exclude-result-prefixes="#default"> + + <!-- $Id: tex-refs-plucker.xsl 125 2004-04-06 19:55:32Z mw $ --> + + <!-- we use an XML catalog to resolve this file --> + <xsl:import href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/1.64.1/html/docbook.xsl"/> + + <!-- import common customizations --> + <xsl:import href="tex-refs-common.xsl"/> + + <!-- insert customization here --> + <!-- up to now we don't need any special customizations for plucker --> + +</xsl:stylesheet> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-xinclude.xml b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-xinclude.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0a3ac121209 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs-xinclude.xml @@ -0,0 +1,274 @@ +<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?> +<!-- <?xml-stylesheet href="docbook-css/driver.css" type="text/css"?> --> + +<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" +[ + <!ENTITY % tex-refs-ent SYSTEM "tex-refs.ent" > +%tex-refs-ent; +]> + +<!-- $Id: tex-refs-xinclude.xml 148 2005-05-14 15:43:12Z mw $ --> + +<book lang="en"> + + <bookinfo id="bookinfo"> + + <title id="bookinfo-title">References for &tex; and Friends</title> + + <author> + <firstname>Michael</firstname> + <surname>Wiedmann</surname> + <affiliation> + <address><email>mw at miwie dot in-berlin dot de</email></address> + </affiliation> + </author> + + <date>V&rev; &date;</date> + + <revhistory> + + <revision> + <revnumber>&rev;</revnumber> + <date>&date;</date> + <revremark>tbd. + </revremark> + </revision> + + <revision> + <revnumber>0.2.0</revnumber> + <date>2003-01-11</date> + <revremark>License changed to + <ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>. + </revremark> + </revision> + + <revision> + <revnumber>0.0.1</revnumber> + <date>2002-06-21</date> + <revremark>This version was adapted from the edition 1.6 + of the &latex2e; documentation, converted to &docbook; XML + using + <ulink url="http://www.tldp.org/downloads/">texi2db</ulink>, + and further edited manually. + </revremark> + </revision> + </revhistory> + + <copyright> + <year>?</year> + <holder>Stephen Gilmore</holder> + </copyright> + <copyright> + <year>?</year> + <holder>Torsten Martinsen</holder> + </copyright> + <copyright> + <year>1988, 1994</year> + <holder>Free Software Foundation, Inc.</holder> + </copyright> + <copyright> + <year>1994 ‐ 1996</year> + <holder>Torsten Martinsen</holder> + </copyright> + <copyright> + <year>2002, 2003</year> + <holder>Peter Karp, Michael Wiedmann</holder> + </copyright> + <copyright> + <year>2004, 2005</year> + <holder>Michael Wiedmann</holder> + </copyright> + + <legalnotice> + <title>License</title> + <para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify + this document under the terms of the + GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 + or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; + with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no + Back-Cover Texts. + </para> + </legalnotice> + + </bookinfo> + + + <preface id="preface"> + <title>Preface</title> + <para role="db2latex:noindent">&latex2e; is a document preparation + system implemented as a macro package for Donald E. Knuth's + &tex; typesetting program. + </para> + <para role="db2latex:noindent">&latex; was originally conceived by + Leslie Lamport. + </para> + <para role="db2latex:noindent">This updated &latex; reference + is by no means complete, + but it's a first step towards a more complete &latex; reference! + We welcome if we'll get pointed to missing commands or even + better when you make additions and further improvements and + send them to the authors. + </para> + <para role="db2latex:noindent"> + <ulink url="http://www.tug.org">TUG (&tex; User Group)</ulink> + and + <ulink url="http://www.dante.de">DANTE (German &tex; User Group)</ulink> + both have excellent FAQ's which answer many questions or + give great pointers to additional resources both on the + internet or in books. Most if not all missing packages + can also be found on the CTAN servers. + </para> + <para role="db2latex:noindent">This reference is not meant to + replace the package documentation or the standard literature + like the &latex; handbook and the &latex; companion. + Look there for detailed + descriptions of the commands and even mostly more options and + examples. + </para> + <para role="db2latex:noindent">The authors intend to extend + this documentation to other + &tex; related packages (e.g. ConTeXt, &metapost;, &metafont;, + etc.). Contributions are very welcome! + </para> + </preface> + + <preface id ="credits"> + <title>Credits</title> + <indexterm> + <primary>Credits</primary> + </indexterm> + <para>The following people have contributed substantial parts + to this documentation project or helped in some other way + (listed alphabetically): + </para> + <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> + <listitem> + <simpara>Karl Berry</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Berry, Karl</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Wolfgang Borgert</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Borgert, Wolfgang</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Ramon Casellas</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Casellas, Ramon</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Holger Danielsson</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Danielsson, Holger</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>James Devenish</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Devenish, James</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Hubert Gaesslein</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Gaesslein, Hubert</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Peter Karp</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Karp, Peter</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Rolf Niepraschk</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Niepraschk, Rolf</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Hans Fredrik Nordhaug</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Nordhaug, Hans Fredrik</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Simon Pepping</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Pepping, Simon</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Bob Stayton</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Stayton, Bob</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <simpara>Herbert Voss</simpara> + <indexterm> + <primary>People</primary> + <secondary>Voss, Herbert</secondary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </preface> + + <!-- was proof of concept + <toc condition="db2latex:0"> + <title>Short Contents</title> + </toc> + --> + + <toc> + <title>Table of Contents</title> + </toc> + + <!-- FIXME + <lot label="tables"> + </lot> + --> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="tex-refs-chapter-tex.xml" /> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="tex-refs-chapter-pdftex.xml" /> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="tex-refs-chapter-metafont.xml" /> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="tex-refs-chapter-metapost.xml" /> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="tex-refs-chapter-bibtex.xml" /> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="tex-refs-chapter-makeindex.xml" /> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="tex-refs-chapter-xindy.xml" /> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="tex-refs-chapter-appendices.xml" /> + + +</book> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.css b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.css new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c4d1e1bdc53 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.css @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ +/* $Id: tex-refs.css 120 2004-03-26 20:19:43Z mw $ */ + +body { background-color: whitesmoke; + } + +h1.title { background-color: gainsboro; + text-align: center; + font-family: sans-serif; + color: black; + } + +h2.title { background-color: gainsboro; + font-family: sans-serif; + color: black; + } + +h3.title { background-color: gainsboro; + font-family: sans-serif; + color: black; + } + +h4.title { background-color: gainsboro; + font-family: sans-serif; + color: black; + } +h5.title { background-color: gainsboro; + font-family: sans-serif; +/* font-size: small; */ + color: black; + } +h6.title { background-color: gainsboro; + font-family: sans-serif; +/* font-size: x-small; */ + font-size: small; + color: black; + } +span.title { background-color: gainsboro; + font-family: sans-serif; +/* font-size: x-small; */ + font-size: small; + color: black; + } + +.title { background-color: gainsboro; + font-family: sans-serif; + } + +.authorgroup { + background-color: #EEEEEE + } + +.copyright { + } + +.legalnotice { + } + +.revhistory { + } + +.abstract { + margin-top: 1em + } + +.toc { + } + +.itemizedlist { + } + +.orderedlist { + } + +.variablelist { + } + +.term { background-color: #EFEFEF + } + +pre.programlisting +{ + background-color: #E0E0E0; + border: thin solid gray; + margin-top: 1.33ex; + margin-bottom: 1.33ex; +} + + +.footer-date { font-size: xx-small; + font-family: monospace; + } + + +#customheader, #customfooter +{ + /* list of fonts provides fallbacks if a font is not present */ + font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; + /* font size, relative to body font size */ + font-size: 80%; + + /* line height, relative to body font size */ + line-height: 200%; + + text-align: center; + vertical-align: middle; + color: #fff; + background-color: #009; +} + +/* leave more space between last paragraph and footer */ +/* some browser do not add up the bottom margin of the prior element */ +/* and the top margin of the footer */ +#customfooter { + margin-top: 15px; +} + +/* define special font for logo */ +/* list of fonts provides fallbacks in case selected fonts are not present +*/ +.logo +{ + font-family: Lucida Console, Verdana, Arial, Sans-Serif; +} + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.ent b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.ent new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e0a001751a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.ent @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1" ?> + +<!-- $Id: tex-refs.ent 146 2005-05-14 15:34:22Z mw $ --> + +<!ENTITY date "2005-0X-YY"> +<!ENTITY abbrdate "05-0X-YY"> +<!ENTITY rev "0.3.10"> + +<!ENTITY bibtex "<symbol>BibTeX</symbol>"> +<!ENTITY context "ConTeXt"> +<!ENTITY dash "<symbol>--</symbol>"> +<!ENTITY dic "DocBook In ConTeXt"> +<!ENTITY komascript "KOMA-Script"> +<!ENTITY latex2e "<symbol>LaTeX2e</symbol>"> +<!ENTITY latex "<symbol>LaTeX</symbol>"> +<!ENTITY makeindex "<symbol>Makeindex</symbol>"> +<!ENTITY metafont "Metafont"> +<!ENTITY metapost "MetaPost"> +<!ENTITY pdftex "pdf<symbol>TeX</symbol>"> +<!ENTITY pdflatex "pdf<symbol>LaTeX</symbol>"> +<!ENTITY pictex "<symbol>PiCTeX</symbol>"> +<!ENTITY plaintex "Plain<symbol>TeX</symbol>"> +<!ENTITY pstricks "PSTricks"> +<!ENTITY tex "<symbol>TeX</symbol>"> +<!ENTITY texinfo "Texinfo"> +<!ENTITY xindy "xindy"> + +<!ENTITY Default "Default:"> +<!ENTITY tbd "tbd."> +<!ENTITY overview "Overview"> + +<!ENTITY db2latex "DB2<symbol>LaTeX</symbol> XSL Stylesheets (V0.8pre1+20050330"> +<!ENTITY docbook "DocBook"> +<!ENTITY docbookxml "DocBook XML (V4.3)"> +<!ENTITY docbookxsl "DocBook XSL Stylesheets (V1.68.1)"> +<!ENTITY komascript "KOMA-Script"> +<!ENTITY lmodern "Latin Modern Type 1 Fonts (V0.92)"> +<!ENTITY komabook "scrbook [2004/09/16 v2.9t LaTeX2e KOMA document class]"> +<!ENTITY xsltp "xsltproc (libxml2-2.6.16/libxslt-1.1.12)"> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.ist b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.ist new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..798909a0ce0 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.ist @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +% Index-Style for tex-refs, taken from: +% Index-Style fuer DE-TeX-FAQ; aehnlich `scrguide.ist'; 2000/01/22; RN + +% $Id: tex-refs.ist 120 2004-03-26 20:19:43Z mw $ + +preamble "\\begin{theindex}\\small\\raggedright\n" +postamble "\n\\indexspace\\end{theindex}\n" + +delim_0 "~\\dotfill~" +delim_1 "~\\dotfill~" +delim_2 "~\\dotfill~" + +heading_prefix "\\textbf{\\sectfont " +heading_suffix "}\\nopagebreak\n" +headings_flag 1 + +%% End of file `tex-refs.ist'. + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.xsl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.xsl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7a77ee198e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/tex-refs/tex-refs.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +<?xml version="1.0"?> +<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" + version="1.0" + xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" + exclude-result-prefixes="#default"> + + <!-- $Id: tex-refs.xsl 142 2004-10-24 15:13:24Z mw $ --> + + <!-- <xsl:import href="file:///home/mw/docbook-xsl/xhtml/docbook.xsl"/> --> + <!-- we use an XML catalog to resolve this file --> + <xsl:import href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/xhtml/docbook.xsl"/> + + <!-- import common customizations --> + <xsl:import href="tex-refs-common.xsl"/> + + <xsl:output method="html" + encoding="ISO-8859-1" + indent="no"/> + + <!-- insert customization here --> + + <xsl:param name="section.autolabel" select="1"/> + <xsl:param name="html.stylesheet" select="'tex-refs.css'"/> + + <!-- override bridgehead to pass down a class "attribute" --> + <xsl:template match="bridgehead"> + <xsl:variable name="hlevel"> + <xsl:choose> + <xsl:when test="@renderas = 'sect1'">1</xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="@renderas = 'sect2'">2</xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="@renderas = 'sect3'">3</xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="@renderas = 'sect4'">4</xsl:when> + <xsl:when test="@renderas = 'sect5'">5</xsl:when> + <xsl:otherwise> + <xsl:value-of select="5"/> + </xsl:otherwise> + </xsl:choose> + </xsl:variable> + <xsl:element name="h{$hlevel}" namespace="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <xsl:attribute name="class"><xsl:text>title</xsl:text></xsl:attribute> + <xsl:call-template name="anchor"> + <xsl:with-param name="conditional" select="0"/> + </xsl:call-template> + <xsl:apply-templates/> + </xsl:element> + </xsl:template> + +</xsl:stylesheet> diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/Makefile b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d2feb0b5f19 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ +# $Id: //depot/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/Makefile#12 $ $Date: 2005/09/27 $ $Author: karl $ +# Makefile for TeX Live documentation. Public domain. +doc = live + +all: pdf html + +env = TEXINPUTS=../../general/texlive-common:; export TEXINPUTS; + +pdf: + rm -f *.aux *.toc *.lof *.lot *.xref* *.tmp *.out + $(env) pdflatex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{1}\input $(doc)' + $(env) pdflatex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{1}\input $(doc)' + $(env) pdflatex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{1}\input $(doc)' + +html: + rm -f *.aux *.toc *.lof *.lot *.xref* *.tmp *.out *.4tc +# this sequence is equivalent to running "ht latex $(doc)". We do it +# this way so we can \def\Status for the \ifcase in tex-live.sty. + $(env) latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{2}\input $(doc)' + $(env) latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{2}\input $(doc)' + $(env) latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{2}\input $(doc)' + $(env) latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{2}\input $(doc)' + $(env) tex4ht $(doc) + $(env) t4ht $(doc) + +clean: + rm -f *.aux *.log *.blg *.toc *.out *.lot tex4ht.ps *.4* + rm -f *.xref* *.lg *.idv *.out *.otc *.tmp tmp.* + rm -f live.dvi live.ps + +realclean: clean + rm -f live.pdf + rm -f *.html *.htm live.css *.gif *.jpg + + +insttop = ../../../doc +instfiles = live*html *.css live.pdf +install: + lang=`dirname \`pwd\` | sed 's,.*/,,'`; \ + tldir=`pwd | sed 's,.*/,,'`; \ + instdir=$(insttop)/$$lang/$$tldir; \ + echo tldoc install to $$instdir; \ + for f in $(instfiles); do \ + cmp -s $$f $$instdir/$$f && continue; \ + p4 edit $$instdir/$$f; \ + cp -p $$f $$instdir/$$f; \ + done + @echo "Don't forget to p4 submit." + + +# don't use these, they don't work. +dvi: + rm -f *.aux *.toc + latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{0}\input $(doc)' + latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{0}\input $(doc)' + latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{0}\input $(doc)' + +baskerville: + rm -f *.aux *.toc + latex '\def\Status{3}\input $(doc)' + latex '\def\Status{3}\input $(doc)' + latex '\def\Status{3}\input $(doc)' + +tugboat: + rm -f *.aux *.toc + latex '\def\Status{4}\input $(doc)' + latex '\def\Status{4}\input $(doc)' + latex '\def\Status{4}\input $(doc)' diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/README b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/README new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6dc503eeb6b --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/README @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +$Id: //depot/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/README#1 $ $Date: 2004/10/11 $ $Author: karl $ +TeX Live documentation. This file is public domain. + +We only generate the documentation in PDF and HTML formats -- see the +Makefile. This saves us having to have the images in EPS format too. diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/bv-live.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/bv-live.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ad044e568cb --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/bv-live.tex @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ +% this is the baskerville version of the live documentation +\providecommand{\Status}{3} + +\setcounter{errorcontextlines}{999} +\documentclass{article} +\advance\textwidth by 1in +\advance\oddsidemargin by -1in +\advance\evensidemargin by -1in +\newsavebox{\warnbox} +\def\Q#1{\par\vskip6pt\leftline{#1}\par} +\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} +\pretolerance=1000 +\tolerance=1500 +\hbadness=3000 +\vbadness=3000 +\hyphenpenalty=400 +\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.85} +\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.86} +\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.1} +\setcounter{topnumber}{5} +\setcounter{totalnumber}{5} +\def\eTeX{$\varepsilon$-\TeX} +%\def\CTAN{\textsc{ctan}} +%\def\TUB{\textsc{tub}} +\def\Dash{---} +\def\hyph{-} +%\def\TeXXeT{\TeX-XeT} +\def\OMEGA{$\Omega$} +\def\bs{{\protect\normalfont\ttfamily\char'134}} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\cs}[1]{{\normalfont\ttfamily\char`\\#1}} +%\def\cs#1{\mbox{\normalfont\ttfamily\bs#1}} +\def\La{La} +\let\textsl\textit +\let\sl\it +\let\slfamily\itfamily +\def\ttdefault{cmtt} +\usepackage{tex-live} +\begin{document} +%\author{Sebastian Rahtz\\ +%\texttt{s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}\\ +%Michel Goossens\\ +%\texttt{m.goossens@cern.ch}} +%\title{The \protect\TeX\ Live Guide, 3rd edition} +%\date{March 1998} + +\BASKyear{1998} +\BASKmonth{April} +\BASKvol{8} +\BASKno{2} +\BASKed*{Robin Fairbairns} +\BASKfonts{Y\&Y European Modern} +\makeBSKtitle + +\input editorial +\ifbaskerville +\end{multicols} +%\vfill\Dings\vfill +\fi +\clearpage + +\begin{center} + \LARGE The \TeX\ Live Guide, 3rd edition +\end{center} +\title{\TeX\ Live Guide, 3rd edition} + +\ifbaskerville\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +\tableofcontents +\listoftables +\ifbaskerville +\end{multicols} +\Dings +\fi + +\input tex-live +\appendix + +\Dings + +\input live-app + +\vfill\Dings\vfill +\clearpage +\input sec +\end{document} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/bvoutln.sty b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/bvoutln.sty new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..92f19fd027b --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/bvoutln.sty @@ -0,0 +1,193 @@ +% extracts of baskerville.cls for use with the tex-live documentation +% when we're producing a bv issue with it. + +% **************************************** +% * PAGE LAYOUT * +% **************************************** +% +% SIDE MARGINS: +\oddsidemargin -2.5pc \evensidemargin -2.5pc +\marginparwidth 4pc % don't use marginal notes... +\marginparsep 0.5pc % ...in the UK TUG newsletter + +% VERTICAL SPACING: +\topmargin -3pc +\headheight 12\p@ +\headsep 15\p@ +\topskip 10\p@ +\footskip 15\p@ + +% DIMENSION OF TEXT: + +\textheight 250mm % height of text on a page (A4 paper) +\textwidth 180mm % total width of a page +\columnseprule 0.5\p@ % width of line in the inter-column gutter +\columnsep 10mm % space between columns +\tolerance 9999 % make those columns justify + +% FOOTNOTES: +\footnotesep 6\p@ +\skip\footins 19.5\p@ plus 12\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + +% FLOATS: +\floatsep 12\p@ plus 5.5\p@ \@minus 1\p@ +\textfloatsep 15\p@ plus 4.5\p@ \@minus 3\p@ +\intextsep 12\p@ plus 5.5\p@ \@minus 2\p@ +\dblfloatsep 12\p@ plus 5.5\p@ \@minus 2\p@ +\dbltextfloatsep 15\p@ plus 4.5\p@ \@minus 3\p@ +\@fptop 0\p@ plus 0fil +\@fpsep 12\p@ plus 0fil +\@fpbot 0\p@ plus 3fil +\@dblfptop 0\p@ plus 0fil +\@dblfpsep 12\p@ plus 0fil +\@dblfpbot 0\p@ plus 3fil +\marginparpush 5\p@ + +% **************************************** +% * TITLES AND ABSTRACT * +% **************************************** +% + +%% Volume Number (ie Year - 1990) +\def\BASKvol#1{\gdef\BASK@vol{#1}} +\BASKvol{?} + +%% Issue Number (ie Month/2, roughly) +\def\BASKno#1{\gdef\BASK@no{#1}} +\BASKno{?} + +% Editor, Star form for Guest editor +\def\BASKed{\@ifstar{\BASK@ed{Guest }}{\BASK@ed{}}} +\def\BASK@ed#1#2{\gdef\BASK@editor{#1Editor: #2}} +\BASKed{????????} + +%% Year (4 digits) +\def\BASKyear#1{\gdef\thisyear{#1}} +\BASKyear{????} + +% Month (as a Word) +\def\BASKmonth#1{\gdef\thismonth{#1}} +\BASKmonth{?????} + +\def\makeBSKtitle{\par + \begingroup + \vspace*{-\headheight}% + \@maketitle + \bigskip\hrule\bigskip + \thispagestyle{plain} + \endgroup + \let\maketitle\relax + \let\@maketitle\relax +} +\newbox\BSKbox +\def\@maketitle{% + \centerline{\BASK@titleline}% + \medskip + \hbox to \textwidth{\bfseries The Annals of the UK \TeX\ Users + Group\hfill \BASK@editor\hfill Vol.~\BASK@vol\ No.~\BASK@no}% + \smallskip\hbox to \textwidth{\bfseries ISSN 1354--5930 + \hfill \thismonth\ \thisyear}% + \medskip + \noindent\ignorespaces + \BASK@headparone} + +% The Journal title command. +% You probably only want to change this if you want to use a design-size +% font rather than let \scaletowidth scale for some special issue. +\def\BASKtitle#1{\gdef\BASK@titleline{#1}} +\let\scaletowidth=\resizebox% added by Sean K. Harbour for Textures +\BASKtitle{% + \fontfamily{mbvx}\bfseries + \scaletowidth{\textwidth}{!}{% modified by Sean K. Harbour + B\,a\,s\,k\,e\,r\,v\,i\,l\,l\,e}} + + +% The first paragraph. Needs to be reset if a special issue used a +% different font set. +\def\BASKheadparone#1{\gdef\BASK@headparone{#1}} +\BASKheadparone{% +This issue of \BV\ is set in \@BASKfonts, and printed on a Xerox Docutech. Production and distribution is +undertaken in Cambridge by Robin Fairbairns. } + + +\def\BASKfonts#1{\gdef\@BASKfonts{#1}} +\BASKfonts{Monotype Baskerville, with Computer Modern Typewriter for + literal text} + +% +% for \Dings +\RequirePackage{pifont} +% +% available for inter-article dinglines +% +\def\Dings{\nopagebreak{\footnotesize\dingline{167}}} + +% +% hack representation of appendices +\let\BV@@appendix\appendix +\renewcommand{\appendix}{\BV@@appendix + \renewcommand\@seccntformat[1]{\@ifundefined{@seccnt@##1}% + {\csname the##1\endcsname\quad}% + {\csname @seccnt@##1\endcsname}} + \newcommand\@seccnt@section{Appendix~\thesection~} +} + +% +% page styles +% +% \ps@empty defined in LATEX.TEX +% +\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\markboth + \def\@oddhead{} + \def\@evenhead{} + \def\@oddfoot{\rm \hfil --\thepage--\hfil} + \def\@evenfoot{\rm \hfil --\thepage--\hfil} +} +\def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\markboth + \def\@oddhead{\hfill\emph{\@title}\hfill} + \def\@oddfoot{\rm \hfil --\thepage--\hfil} + \def\@evenhead{\it Baskerville \hfill + Volume \BASK@vol, Number \BASK@no} + \def\@evenfoot{\rm \hfil --\thepage--\hfil} +} + +% +% allow setting of pagehead title +\def\title{\@ifnextchar [{\@titletwo}{\@titleone}} +\def\@titletwo[#1]#2{\gdef\@title{#1}\gdef\@longtitle{#2}} +\def\@titleone#1{\gdef\@title{#1}\gdef\@longtitle{#1}} + +% +% more exciting page parameters +\@twosidetrue +\pagestyle{headings} + +\providecommand{\ukt}{UK \acro{TUG}} + +\newcommand{\standardtitles}{% + \def\section{%\typeout{** section!}% + \@startsection {section}{1}{\z@} + {-12\p@ \@plus -6\p@ \@minus -.1\p@} + {6\p@} + {\raggedright\large\bfseries}} + \def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@} + {-4\p@ \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.1\p@} + {0.1\p@ \@plus 2\p@} + {\raggedright\normalsize\itshape}} + \def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@} + {-6\p@ \@plus -3\p@ \@minus -1\p@} + {0.1\p@ \@plus 2\p@} + {\raggedright\normalsize\it}} + \def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@} + {12\p@ \@plus 2.25\p@ \@minus -1\p@} + {-0.5em} + {\normalsize\bfseries}} + \def\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@} + {12\p@ \@plus 2.25\p@ \@minus 1\p@} + {-0.5em} + {\normalsize\it}} + \setcounter{secnumdepth}{-1} +} + +\endinput + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/changemail b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/changemail new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dd792a25f78 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/changemail @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +s/J.Smart@ed.ac.uk/??/ +s/gerd@uni-koblenz.de/??/ +s/Meijer@rulfsw.fsw.LeidenUniv.nl/??/ +s/wl@gnu.org/xlwy01@uxp1.hrz.uni-dortmund.de/ +s/weissert@SJUPHIL.SJU.EDU/Tom@Weissert.net/ +s/mehlich@informatik.uni-muenchen.de/mmehlich@semdesigns.com/ +s/eijkhout@math.ucla.edu/victor@eijkhout.net/ +s/ca_rowley@vax.acs.open.ac.uk/c.a.rowley@open.ac.uk/ +s/B.Jackowski@gust.s.org.pl/B.Jackowski@gust.org.pl/ +s/P.Pianowski@gusts.org.pl/P.Pianowski@gust.org.pl/ +s/mittelbach@mzdmza.zdv.uni-mainz.de/Frank.Mittelbach@Uni-Mainz.de/ +s/mcjones@pa.dec.com/paul.mcjones@acm.org/ +s/h.harders@tu-bs.de/Harald.Harders@dlr.de/ +s/pwilson@cme.nist.gov/peter.r.wilson@boeing.com/ +s/wikner@ariel.nac.ac.za/wikner@nac.ac.za/ +s/vitus@agropc.msk.su/vitus@ice.ru/ +s/greg@bic.mni.mcgill.ca/gward@python.net/ +s/mittelbach@mzdmza.zdv.uni-mainz.de/frank.mittelbach@latex-project.org/ +s/fbraun@rz.uni-potsdam.de/fbraun@atdot.org/ +s/david@dcarlisle.demon.co.uk/david.carlisle@latex-project.org/ +s/davidc@nag.co.uk/david.carlisle@latex-project.org/ +s/rf@cl.cam.ac.uk/rf10@cam.ac.uk/ +s/robin.fairbairns@cl.cam.ac.uk/rf10@cam.ac.uk/ +s/robin@lsl.co.uk/rf10@cam.ac.uk/
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/l.pl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/l.pl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d74f313a5cc --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/l.pl @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +require "status.pl"; +require "texlive.pl"; +while (<>) { + chop; + s/,$//; + if (/^\@TeXIndex/) + { + ($nam) = /^\@TeXIndex.(.*)/; + print "\@TeXIndex\{$nam"; + $Status=1; + $Texlive=1; + $Modified=0; + } + elsif (/^ *modified/) { s/, *$//; $mod=$_; } + elsif (/^ *status/) { $Status=0; + if ($L{$nam}) + { print ",\n status\t= \{$L{$nam}\}"; + $Modified=1;} + else { print ",\n$_"; } + } + elsif (/^ *texlive/) { $Texlive=0; + if ($texlive{$nam} ne "") + { print ",\n texlive\t= \{$texlive{$nam}\}"; + $Modified=1;} + } + elsif (/^}/) { + if ($Status) { + print ",\n status\t= \{unknown\}"; + } + if ($Texlive && $texlive{$nam} ne "") + { print ",\n texlive\t= \{$texlive{$nam}\},\n"; } + if ($Modified) + { print ",\n modified\t= {1999/03/26 10:00:00 <s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk>}\n"; } + elsif ($M{$nam} ne "") + { print ",\n modified\t= \{$M{$nam}\}\n"; } + else + {print ",\n$mod\n"; } + print "}\n"; + } + + elsif (/= {/) { print ",\n$_"; } + else { print "\n$_"; } + } + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live-2003.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live-2003.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..49591b965e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live-2003.tex @@ -0,0 +1,3937 @@ +% $Id: //depot/Build/cdbuild/tldocsource/english/live.tex#88 $ $Author: karl $ $Date: 2003/09/25 $ +% change history (started May 13th 2002) +% 2003/09/06: fixes from Staszek +% 2003/09/05: touched by Karl +% 2003/09/04: fixes from Staszek and Fabrice +% 2003/09/01: fixes from Volker +% 2003/08/24: win32 updates, by Fabrice +% 2003/08/12: fixes from Christer Gustafsson <gustaf@powertech.no>. +% 2003/07/07: substantial revisions by karl. +% 2002/05/25: remove mention of sizes, and bsr-interpolated; add Gutenberg +% 2002/05/18: win32 updates, by Fabrice +% 2002/05/14: corrected example files, other small errors noted by Volker +% 2002/05/13: added tex-langafrican to list of collections +% +\documentclass{article} +\usepackage{tex-live} +% +% +\begin{document} + +\title{{\huge\textsf{\TK{} 2003}}\\[3mm] + The \protect\TeXLive{} Guide} +\date{September 2003} + +\author{Sebastian Rahtz, editor \\[3mm] + \email{tex-live@tug.org}\\ + \url{http://tug.org/texlive/}\\[10mm] +\ifnum \Status=2 + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 824 741]{../pictures/front.jpg} \\[5mm] +\else + \includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{../pictures/front} \\[5mm] +\fi + \small \textit{Documentation contacts:}\\[3mm] + \small \begin{tabular}{lcr} + Czech/Slovak & Petr Sojka & \email{sojka@fi.muni.cz} \\ + & Janka Chleb\'\i kov\'a & \email{chlebikj (at) dcs.fmph.uniba.sk} \\ + English & Karl Berry & \email{karl@freefriends.org} \\ + French & Fabrice Popineau & \email{fabrice.popineau@supelec.fr} \\ + German & Volker RW Schaa & \email{volker@dante.de} \\ + Polish & Staszek Wawrykiewicz & \email{staw@gust.org.pl} \\ + Russian & Boris Veytsman & \email{borisv@lk.net} \\ + \end{tabular} + } + +% comes out too close to the toc, and we know it's page one anyway. +\thispagestyle{empty} + +\maketitle +\newpage + +\begin{multicols}{2} +\tableofcontents +\listoftables +\end{multicols} + +\section{Introduction} +\label{sec:intro} + +This document describes the main features of the \TeXLive{} software +distribution\Dash a \TeX{} and \LaTeX{} distribution for Linux and other +Unix flavors, \MacOSX, and (32-bit) Windows systems. (Warning: it is +not especially useful for older Mac or \acro{MS-DOS} systems.) It +includes precompiled binaries for \TeX{}, \LaTeXe{}, \MF, \MP, +\BibTeX{} and many other programs; an extensive collection of +macros, fonts and documentation; and support for typesetting in many +different scripts from around the~world. + +For the 2003 release, the last update of packages and programs was made +on September 3, 2003. For newer versions, please consult \acro{CTAN}, +\url{http://www.ctan.org}. + +For a brief summary of the major changes in this edition of \TeXLive{}, +see section~\ref{sec:history} on p.~\pageref{sec:history}. + + +\subsection{Basic usage of \protect\TeXLive{}} +\label{sec:basic} + +You can use \TeXLive{} in three principal ways: + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item You can run \TeXLive{} directly from the distribution media +(except for the \pkgname{inst} distribution; see +section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} on p.~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). +This takes almost no disk space, as you might expect, and gives you +immediate access to everything in \TeXLive{}. Of course performance +will be worse than running on local disk, but you may well find it +acceptable. + +\item You can install all or part of \TeXLive{} to a local disk. This +is the most common use of \TeXLive. You will need a minimum of 120 +megabytes, 360 megabytes for a recommended system, and 800 megabytes for +a full system. + +\item You can integrate a particular package or collection into your +existing \TeX{} system, either a \TeXLive{} system you installed earlier +or a different system. + +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent All of these are described in detail in the \acro{OS}-specific +installation sections. + + +\subsection{Getting help} +\label{sec:help} + +The \TeX{} community is both active and friendly, and virtually all +serious questions end up getting answered. However, the support is +informal, done by volunteers and casual readers, so it's especially +important that you do your homework before asking. (If you prefer +commercial-style support, you can forego \TeXLive{} completely and +purchase a vendor's system; see +\url{http://tug.org/interest.html#vendors} for a list.) + +Here is a list of resources, approximately in the order we recommend +using them: + +\begin{description} +\item [\TeX{} \acro{FAQ}] The \TeX{} \acro{FAQ} is a huge compendium of +answers to all sorts of questions, from the most basic to the most +arcane. It is included on \TeXLive{} in \OnCD{FAQ/english}, and is +available on the Internet through \url{http://faq.tug.org}. Please +check here first. + +\item [\TeX{} Catalogue] If you are specifically looking for a package, +font, program, etc., the \TeX{} Catalogue is the place to look. It is a +huge list of all \TeX{}-related items. See +\OnCD{texmf/doc/html/catalogue}, or +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue/catalogue.html}. + +\item [\TeX{} Web Resources] This web page has many \TeX{}-related +links, in particular for numerous books, manuals, and articles on all +aspects of the system: \url{http://tug.org/interest.html}. + +\item [support archives] The two principal forums for support are the +Usenet newsgroup \url{news:comp.text.tex} and the mailing list +\email{texhax@tug.org}. So, their archives have thousands of past +questions and answers for your searching pleasure. See +\url{http://groups.google.com/groups?group=comp.text.tex} and +\url{http://tug.org/mail-archives/texhax}, respectively. A query on a +general web search engine, such as \url{http://google.com}, never hurts. + +\item [posting questions] If you cannot find an answer, you can post to +\dirname{comp.text.tex} through Google or your newsreader, or through +email to \email{texhax@tug.org}. But before you post, \emph{please} +read this \acro{FAQ} entry for advice on asking questions in such a way +that you're most likely to get an answer: +\url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=askquestion}. + +\item [\TeXLive{} support] If you want to report a bug or have +suggestions or comments on the \TeXLive{} distribution, installation, or +documentation, the mailing list is \email{tex-live@tug.org}. However, +if your question is about how to use a particular program included in +\TeXLive{}, you are better off writing to that program's maintainer or +mailing list. + +\end{description} + +The other side of the coin is helping others who have questions. Both +\dirname{comp.text.tex} and \code{texhax} are open to anyone, so feel +free to join, start reading, and help out where you can. Welcome to +\TeX{}! + + +\section{Structure of \protect\TeXLive} +\label{sec:struct-tl} + +The main two installation scripts for Unix and \MacOSX{} are +\texttt{install-tl.sh} and \texttt{install-pkg.sh}. We discuss them +in section \ref{sec:unix-install} on p.~\pageref{sec:unix-install}. +Here, we describe the structure and contents of \TeXLive{}. + + +\subsection{Multiple distributions: \protect\pkgname{live}, + \protect\pkgname{inst}, \protect\pkgname{demo}} +\label{sec:multiple-dist} + +As of 2003, space limitations of \acro{CD-ROM} format have forced us to +divide \TeXLive{} into three distributions, as follows. + +\begin{description} + +\item [live] a complete, runnable system on \acro{DVD}; it is too large +for \acro{CD-ROM}. (The \DVD{} also includes a snapshot of the \CTAN{} +repository, completely independent of \TeXLive{}.) + +\item [inst(allable)] a complete system on \CD; in order to make it fit, +we had to compress everything we could. Therefore, it is not possible +to run \TeX\ directly from the installable \CD, you have to install it to +disk (hence its name). Installation is described in subsequent sections. + +\item [demo] a live system runnable directly from \CD; in order to make +this fit, we omitted the very large collection of \acro{CJK} (Chinese, +Japanese, Korean) language support, support for typesetting music, some +less-commonly used fonts, and included executables only for Linux, +\MacOSX, and Windows systems. + +\end{description} + +\noindent You can tell which type of distribution you're in by looking +for a \texttt{00\var{type}.TL} file in this top-level directory. + + +\subsection{Top level directories} + +Here is a brief listing and description of the top level directories in +the \TeXLive{} distribution. + +\smallskip +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}lp{.8\hsize}} +bin & The \TeX{} system programs, arranged by platform. \\ +Books & Examples from some of the books about \TeX\ (see + \filename{Books/README}). \\ +FAQ & Current versions of major FAQ collections. \\ +info & A few manuals in \acro{GNU} Info format, where available. \\ +\MacOSX & Supporting software for \MacOSX (see + section~\ref{sec:mac-install} on p.~\pageref{sec:mac-install}). \\ +man & Unix man pages. \\ +source & The source of all programs, including the main \Webc{} + \TeX{} and \MF{} distributions. These are stored in a + \cmdname{bzip2}-compressed tar archive. \\ +support & assorted auxiliary packages and programs. These are + \emph{not} installed by default. This includes + \cmdname{Ghostscript}, \cmdname{netpbm}, and assorted editors and + \TeX\ shells. \\ +texmf & root of installed packages, fonts, config files, etc. \\ +usergrps & Material about a few of the \TeX\ user groups. (Visit + \url{http://tug.org/usergroups.html} for a current list.) \\ +xemtex & The \cmdname{XEmacs} editor and other support programs for + Windows (see section~\ref{sec:win-xemtex} on p.~\pageref{sec:win-xemtex}). + These programs generally come pre-installed on Unix systems, or are + at least easy to compile. \\ +\end{tabular} + + +\subsection{Extensions to \TeX} +\label{sec:tex-extensions} + +\TeXLive{} contains three extended versions of \TeX: + +\begin{description} + +\item [\eTeX] adds a small but powerful set of new primitives +\label{text:etex} +(related to macro expansion, character scanning, classes of marks, +additional debugging features, and more) and the \TeXXeT{} extensions +for bidirectional typesetting. In default mode, \eTeX{} is 100\% +compatible with ordinary \TeX. See +\OnCD{texmf/doc/etex/base/etex_man.pdf}. \eTeX{} is now the default for +\LaTeX{} and pdf\LaTeX{}. + +\item [pdf\TeX] writes Acrobat PDF format as well as \dvi{}. The +\LaTeX{} \pkgname{hyperref} package has an option `\optname{pdftex}' +which turns on all the program features. See +\OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/pdftex-l.pdf} and +\OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/base/example.tex}. + +\item [\OMEGA\ (Omega)] based on Unicode (16-bit characters), thus +supports working with almost all the world's scripts simultaneously. It +also supports so-called `\OMEGA{} Translation Processes' (\acro{OTP}s), +for performing complex transformations on arbitrary input. See +\OnCD{texmf/doc/omega/base/doc-1.8.tex} (not completely up-to-date). + +\end{description} + + +\subsection{Other notable programs in \protect\TeXLive} + +Here are a few other commonly-used programs included in \TeXLive{}: + +\begin{cmddescription} + +\item [bibtex] bibliography support. + +\item [makeindex] index support. + +\item [dvips] convert \dvi{} to \PS{}. + +\item [xdvi] \dvi{} previewer for the X Window System. + +\item [dvilj] HP LaserJet driver. + +\item [dv2dt, dt2dv] convert \dvi{} to/from plain text. + +\item [dviconcat, dviselect] cut and paste pages +from \dvi{} files. + +\item [dvipdfm] convert \dvi{} to PDF, an alternative approach +to pdf\TeX\ (mentioned above). See the \pkgname{ps4pdf} and +\pkgname{pdftricks} packages for still more alternatives. + +\item [psselect, psnup, \ldots] \PS{} +utilities. + +\item [lacheck] \LaTeX{} syntax checker. + +\item [texexec] Con\TeX{}t and PDF processor. + +\item [tex4ht] \TeX{} to HTML converter. + +\end{cmddescription} + + +\section{Unix installation} +\label{sec:unix-install} + +As introduced in section~\ref{sec:basic} on p.~\pageref{sec:basic}, +\TeXLive{} has three principal uses: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Run directly from media. +\item Install to disk. +\item Integrate a particular package or collection into your existing +\TeX{} installation. +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent The following sections describes the Unix-specific procedures +for each of these. + +\ifSingleColumn \begin{figure}[ht]\noindent \fi +\begin{warningbox} +\textbf{Warning: } The \TK{} \CD{}s and \DVD{} are in ISO 9660 (High Sierra) +format, \emph{with} Rock Ridge (and Joliet, for Windows) +extensions. Therefore, in order to take full advantage of the \TK{} +under Unix, your system needs to be able to use the Rock Ridge +extensions. Please consult the documentation for your \cmdname{mount} +command to see how to do this. If you have several different machines +on a local network, you may be able to mount the \CD{}s on one which +does support Rock Ridge, and use this with the others. + +\leavevmode\quad Linux, Free\acro{BSD}, Sun, \acro{SGI} and +Alpha systems should be able to use the \CD{}s without problems. We +would appreciate receiving detailed advice from users on other systems +who succeed, for future versions of this documentation. + +\leavevmode\quad +The discussion below assumes you have been able to mount +the \CD{}s with full Rock Ridge compatibility. +\end{warningbox} +\ifSingleColumn\end{figure}\fi + + +% +\subsection{Running \protect\TeXLive{} directly from media (Unix)} + +\def\runlive{% text repeated in windows section +It is possible to use the \TeX{} system directly from the \pkgname{demo} +\CD{} or the \pkgname{live} \DVD{}, without installing the distribution +to disk. (Thus the name `\TeXLive', in fact.) It is \emph{not} +possible to run \TeX{} directly from the \pkgname{inst} \CD (see +section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} on p.~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). +} + +Only Linux, \MacOSX, and Windows binaries are included on the demo \CD; +if you want to run live on other Unix systems, you'll need to use the +\DVD. + +\def\startinst{% repeated in other subsections +To start, we must mount the \CD{} or \DVD{}, with Rock Ridge extensions +enabled. The exact command to do this varies from system to system; the +following works under Linux, except the name of the device +(\filename{/dev/cdrom}, here) may vary. (All our examples will use +\texttt{>} as the shell prompt; user input is \underline{underlined}.) +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Change the current directory to the mount point: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Under \MacOSX, the directory is typically under +\dirname{/Volumes}, and the media will be mounted automatically. +} + +\startinst + +Run the installation script \filename{install-tl.sh}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +Welcome to TeX Live... +\end{alltt} + +\def\firstinstcommand{% +\noindent After various greeting messages and a list of the main menu +options, the installation will ask you to enter a command. Do this by +typing the desired character and hitting return; don't type the angle +brackets. Either uppercase or lowercase is ok; we'll use lowercase in +our examples. +} +\firstinstcommand + +For running live, our first command will be \Ucom{d} and then the +subcommand \Ucom{1} to set directories. Even in this case, we must +choose a directory on the local disk to place files that the \TeX{} +system itself generates, such as fonts and formats, and also to provide +a place for updated configuration files, if need be. We'll use +\dirname{/usr/local/texmf-local} in this example. (If the default value +of \dirname{/usr/TeX} works for you, then you can skip this step.) +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{d} +Current directories setup: +<1> TEXDIR: /usr/TeX +... +Enter command: \Ucom{1} +New value for TEXDIR [/usr/TeX]: \Ucom{/usr/local/texmf-local} +... +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Back at the main menu, our second and last command is +\Ucom{r}, to set up for running live off the media without installing +to disk: +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +Preparing destination directories... +... +Welcome to the TeX Live system! +> +\end{alltt} + +\noindent And we are back at the system prompt, as shown. + +Next, it is necessary to alter two environment variables: +\envname{PATH}, to an architecture-dependent value (so that we can run +the programs), and \envname{VARTEXMF}, to the value specified above. See +table~\ref{tab:archlist} for a list of the architecture names for the +different systems, and whether they are available on the \pkgname{demo} +\CD. All systems are available in the \pkgname{inst} and \pkgname{live} +distributions. (In addition to the version-specific names listed here, +there are generic names without the version numbers. For instance, +\dirname{sparc-solaris} links to \dirname{sparc-solaris2.7}. The +generic names can be used to protect against the version numbers +changing in the future, if you wish.) + +\def\runtexconfig{% +After the main installation has completed, and environment variables +have been set, the next step is to run \cmdname{texconfig} to customize +your installation for your needs. This is explained in +section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, p.~\pageref{sec:texconfig}. +} +\runtexconfig + +\begin{table*}[ht] +\caption{Supported system architectures.} +\label{tab:archlist} +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}lll} +alpha-linux & HP Alpha Linux & \\ +alphaev5-osf4.0d & HP Alphaev5 OSF & \\ +%hppa2.0-hpux10.20 & HP9000 HPUX 10.20 & \\ +i386-freebsd4.8 & Intel x86 FreeBSD & \\ +i386-linux & Intel x86 GNU/Linux & demo \CD\\ +i386-openbsd3.3 & Intel x86 OpenBSD & \\ +i386-solaris2.8 & Intel x86 Solaris & \\ +mips-irix6.5 & SGI IRIX & \\ +powerpc-aix4.3.3.0 & IBM RS/6000 AIX & \\ +powerpc-darwin6.3 & \MacOSX & demo \CD\\ +sparc-solaris2.7 & Sun Sparc Solaris & \\ +sparc64-linux & Sun Sparc Linux & \\ +win32 & Windows (32-bit) & demo \CD\\ +\hline +\end{tabular} +\end{table*} + +\label{text:path} +The syntax for setting the environment variables, and the initialization +file to put them in, depends on the shell you use. If you use a +Bourne-compatible shell (\cmdname{sh}, \cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, et +al.), put the following into your \filename{$HOME/.profile} file: +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/mnt/cdrom/bin/\Ucom{\emph{archname}}:$PATH; export PATH +VARTEXMF=/usr/local/texmf-local/texmf-var; export VARTEXMF +\end{alltt} + +\noindent For C shell-compatible shells (csh, tcsh), put the following +into your \filename{$HOME/.cshrc} file: +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /mnt/cdrom/bin/\Ucom{\emph{archname}}:$PATH +setenv VARTEXMF /usr/local/texmf-local/texmf-var +\end{alltt} + +\def\donewithinst{% +\noindent Then log out, log back in, and test your installation +(see section~\ref{sec:test-install} on p.~\pageref{sec:test-install}). +} +\donewithinst + +\def\ifindoubt{% +If in doubt, please ask any local system gurus to help you with +problems; for example, the way to mount the \TeXLive{} media, which +directory or directories to use, and precise details of the changes to +your personal initialization files can and do vary from site to site. +} +\ifindoubt + + +% +\subsection{Installing \protect\TeXLive{} to disk} +\label{sec:unix-install-disk} + +It is possible, indeed typical, to install the \TeX{} system from the +\TeXLive{} to disk. This can be done either from the \pkgname{live} +\DVD, or the \pkgname{inst} \CD. It can also be done from the +\pkgname{demo} \CD, if you don't need the omitted packages or systems. +(See section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} on p.~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist} +for an explanation of the different distributions.) + +\startinst + +Run the installation script \filename{install-tl.sh}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +Welcome to TeX Live... +\end{alltt} + +\firstinstcommand + +Here is an introductory list of the options in the main menu. The order +in which you select the options makes little difference, except that +\Ucom{i} must be last. It's reasonable to go through them in the +order presented~here. + +% apparently here.sty [H] doesn't support table*. +\begin{table}[H] +\caption{Main menu options for the installation.} +\label{tab:main-menu-options} +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll} +p & The system you are running on.\\ +b & The architectures to install binaries for.\\ +s & The base installation scheme to use (minimal, recommended, + full, etc.)\\ +c & Override the installation scheme for individual collections.\\ +l & Override for language collections.\\ +d & Directories in which to install.\\ +o & General options.\\ +i & Perform the installation.\\ +\end{tabular} +\end{table} + +Here are further details on each option. + +\textbf{\optname{p} -- Current platform.} Since the installation script +automatically guesses which platform you're running on, this is +generally unnecessary to override. It's there in case the automatic +detection fails. + +\textbf{\optname{b} -- Binary architectures.} By default, only the +binaries for your current platform will be installed. From this menu, +you can select installation of binaries for other architectures as well +(or not install the current platforms). This is often useful if you +are sharing a \TeX\ tree across a network of heterogenous machines. For +a list of the supported architectures, see table~\ref{tab:archlist}, +p.~\pageref{tab:archlist}. + +\textbf{\optname{s} -- Base installation scheme.} From this menu, you +can choose an overall common set of packages. The default is a +recommended set for typical needs, but you can also choose a basic set +to conserve disk space, or a full set to get absolutely everything. The +\pkgname{Live} scheme is used for creating the \TeXLive{} +\pkgname{demo} distribution itself, and isn't generally useful to select +for a particular site. There are also specific sets for Omega and +\acro{XML} users. + +\textbf{\optname{c} -- Individual collections.} From this menu, you can +override the basic scheme's choice of which collections to install. +Each collection\Dash TeX macro files, Metafont font families, and so +on\Dash consists of several packages. In this menu, selection letters +are case-sensitive. + +\textbf{\optname{l} -- Language collections}. This menu has the same +basic functionality as \Ucom{c}, to override collection choices. In +this case, the collections are specifically for different languages. +Selection letters are case-sensitive here. Here is a list of the +language collections in \TeXLive: + +% xx really should generate list from texmf/tpm/collection/tex-lang* +% a la install-tl.sh. +\begin{tabbing} +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \kill + (some) African scripts \> + Armenian \> + Chinese,Japanese,Korean \> +Croatian \\ + Cyrillic \> + Czech/Slovak \> + Danish \> +Dutch \\ + Finnish \> + French \> + German \> +Greek \\ + Hungarian \> + Indic \> + Italian \> +Latin \\ + Manju \> + Mongolian \> + Norwegian \> +Polish \\ + Portuguese \> + Spanish \> + Swedish \> +Tibetan \\ + \acro{UK} English \> +Vietnamese \\ +\end{tabbing} + +\noindent Language collections typically includes fonts, macros, +hyphenation patterns, and other support files. (For instance, +\pkgname{frenchle.sty} is installed if you select the \optname{French} +collection.) In addition, installing a language collection will alter +the \filename{language.dat} configuration file controlling which +hyphenations are loaded. + +\textbf{\optname{d} -- Installation directories}. Three directories can +be changed here: +\label{text:instdir} + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXDIR] By default, the top-level directory under which +everything else will be installed. The default value is +\dirname{/usr/TeX}, and is often changed. For example, changing to a +value such as \dirname{/usr/local/texlive2003} would make it possible to +keep different releases of \TeXLive{} separate. You may then wish to +make \dirname{/usr/local/texlive} a symbolic link, after testing the new +release. + +Under \MacOSX, the usual frontends look for \TeX{} in +\dirname{/usr/local/teTeX}, so you may wish to install \TeXLive{} there. + +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] This tree is where the \TeX{} system scripts install +non-version-specific files, primarily fonts. The default value is +\dirname{TEXDIR/texmf-local}. It's also the recommended location to put +any local packages or configuration settings. Therefore, it's desirable +to change it to a location independent of the current \TeXLive{} +release; for example, \dirname{/usr/local/texmf-local}. + +\item [VARTEXMF] This tree is where the scripts install files that +\emph{are} version-specific, primarily format files and the +configuration files which are modified by \cmdname{texconfig} (see +section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, p.~\pageref{sec:texconfig}). The default +value is \dirname{TEXDIR/texmf-var}, and there's generally no reason to +change it. + +\end{ttdescription} + +\textbf{\optname{o} - General options.} From this menu, you can select +three general options affecting the installation: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [a] Specify an alternate directory for generated fonts. +The default is to use the \envname{VARTEXMF} tree, as explained above. +Setting this is useful if you plan to mount the main tree read-only, and +therefore another location (perhaps machine-specific) must be used for +dynamically created fonts. + +\item [l] Create symbolic links for the binaries, man pages, +and/or \acro{GNU} Info files in other locations. For example, you may +wish to make the man pages available under \dirname{/usr/local/man} and +the Info files available under \dirname{/usr/local/info}. (Of course +you need appropriate privileges to write in the specified directories.) + +\item [d] Skip installation of the font/macro documentation tree. +This is useful to save space, or if you've previously installed the +documentation elsewhere. + +\item [s] Skip installation of the main font/macro source +tree. This is useful if you are arranging to share that tree between +machines and/or architectures in some other way, such as \acro{NFS} or +\cmdname{automount}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +\textbf{i - Perform installation.} When you're satisfied with your +configuration options, enter \Ucom{i} to actually do the installation +from the media to your chosen locations. + +The last step is to include the architecture-specific subdirectory of +\dirname{TEXDIR/bin} in your +\envname{PATH}, so the newly-installed programs can be found. The +architecture names are listed in table~\ref{tab:archlist}, +p.~\pageref{tab:archlist}, or you can simply list the directory +\dirname{TEXDIR/bin}. + +The syntax for doing this, and the initialization file to put it in, +depends on the shell you use. If you use a Bourne-compatible shell +(\cmdname{sh}, \cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, et al.), put the following +into your \filename{$HOME/.profile} file: +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/\Ucom{\emph{TEXDIR}}/bin/\Ucom{\emph{archname}}:$PATH; export PATH +\end{alltt} + +\noindent For C shell-compatible shells (\cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}), +put the following into your \filename{$HOME/.cshrc} file: +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /\Ucom{\emph{TEXDIR}}/bin/\Ucom{\emph{archname}}:$PATH +\end{alltt} + +\runtexconfig + +Here is a brief annotated example which selects a full installation, +with binaries for the current system only, with directory changes as +recommended above. The prompts and \acro{RETURN} keys are omitted for +brevity. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +\Ucom{s} \Ucom{b} \Ucom{r} # scheme, full, return to main +\Ucom{d} # change directories +\Ucom{1} \Ucom{/usr/local/texlive2003} # top-level dir +\Ucom{2} \Ucom{/usr/local/texmf-local} # TEXMFLOCAL outside TEXDIR +\Ucom{r} # return to main +\Ucom{i} # perform installation +> \Ucom{texconfig} ... +# New PATH, assuming Linux: +> \Ucom{PATH=/usr/local/texlive2003/bin/i386-linux:$PATH; export PATH} +\end{alltt} + +\ifindoubt + + +% +\subsection{Installing individual packages to disk} + +You can add individual packages or collections from the current +distribution to an existing non-\TeXLive{} setup, or an earlier +\TeXLive{} installation. You can do this from the \pkgname{demo} \CD{} +or the \pkgname{live} \DVD{}, but \emph{not} from the \pkgname{inst} +\CD. (See section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} on +p.~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}.) + +\startinst + +Run the installation script \filename{install-pkg.sh} (not +\filename{install-tl.sh}, which is intended for complete installations +only): +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh \emph{options}} +\end{alltt} + +This first set of options controls what gets read: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-package=\emph{pkgname}] The individual package to work on. + +\item [-{}-collection=\emph{colname}] The individual collection to work on. + +\item [-{}-nodoc] Exclude documentation files from the operation. + +\item [-{}-nosrc] Exclude source files from the operation. + +\item [-{}-cddir=\emph{dir}] Source directory to read from; defaults +to the current directory. If you followed the instructions above, that +will be the distribution directory, and won't need to be changed. + +\item [-{}-listdir=\emph{dir}] The so-called `lists' directory within +\emph{cddir} from which to read the package information. The default is +\texttt{\emph{cddir}/texmf/tpm/lists}; the only reason to change it is +if you're making changes to \TeXLive{} yourself. + +\end{ttdescription} + +What actually happens is controlled by the following options. If +neither of these are specified, the default action is to install the +selected files. The main destination tree is found by expanding +\envname{\$TEXMFMAIN} with \cmdname{kpsewhich}. You can override it by +setting either the environment variable \envname{TEXMFMAIN} or +\envname{TEXMF}. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-listonly] List the files that would be installed, but don't +actually install anything. + +\item [-{}-archive=\emph{tarfile}] Instead of installing the files into +the \TeX{} system, make a \cmdname{tar} archive. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Additional options: + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [-{}-config] After installation, run \code{texconfig init}. + +\item [-{}-nohash] After installation, don't run \cmdname{mktexlsr} to +rebuild the filename database. + +\item [-{}-verbose] Give more information as the script runs. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Here are some usage examples: + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item To see the files in the package \pkgname{fancyhdr} without +installing it: + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr --listonly} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr \bs} +> \Ucom{--listonly} +\fi{} +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/README +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.dvi +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf +... +\end{alltt} + +\item Install the \LaTeX{} package \pkgname{natbib}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=natbib} +\end{alltt} + +\item Install the \LaTeX{} package \pkgname{alg} without source files or +documentation: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=alg --nosrc --nodoc} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=alg \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-nosrc -{}-nodoc} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\item Install all the packages in the collection of additional +plain \TeX\ macros: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --collection=tex-plainextra} +\end{alltt} + +\item Write all files in the \pkgname{pstricks} package to a +\cmdname{tar} file in \path|/tmp|: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=pstricks --archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\else +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=pstricks \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\end{enumerate} + +\ifindoubt + + +% +\section{Post-installation} +\label{sec:postinstall} + +After the main installation is done, for any operating system, the +remaining steps are to configure the system for your local needs, and +perform some basic tests. + +Another sort of post-installation is to acquire packages, fonts, or +programs that were not included in \TeXLive{}. The basic idea is to +install such additions in the \envname{TEXMFLOCAL} tree (if you +installed to disk), or \envname{VARTEXMF} (if you are running live). +See ``Installation directories'' on p.~\pageref{text:instdir}. + +Unfortunately, the details can vary widely, and so we do not attempt to +address them here. Please see +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/beginlatex/html/chapter5.html#pkginst} +for a good description, and +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/Type1fonts} for font creation +and installation information in particular. + + +\subsection{The \protect\cmdname{texconfig} program} +\label{sec:texconfig} + +At any time after installation, you can and should use the program +\cmdname{texconfig} to configure the system to fit your local needs. It +is installed in the architecture-specific subdirectory +\texttt{TEXDIR/bin/\emph{arch}} along with everything else. + +If you run it without arguments, it will enter full-screen mode and +allow you to view and change options interactively. + +You can also run it with various command-line options. Here are some of +the most commonly used: + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [texconfig dvips paper letter] Set default paper size for +\cmdname{dvips} to be letter-size. + +\item [texconfig xdvi us] Likewise, for \cmdname{xdvi}. + +\item [texconfig rehash] Update all the \TeX{} system filename databases. + +\item [texconfig faq] Show the \teTeX{} \acro{FAQ}. +(See also the main \TeX{} \acro{FAQ} in the \dirname{FAQ} subdirectory +of \TeXLive.) + +\item [texconfig help] Output help information. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Of course, \cmdname{texconfig} only supports changing a few of the many +options and configuration parameters in a \TeX{} system. The main +configuration file for the base \Webc{} programs is named +\filename{texmf.cnf}. You can find its location by running +\samp{kpsewhich texmf.cnf}; it contains many comments explaining the +default settings and useful alternatives. + + +\subsection{Testing the installation} +\label{sec:test-install} + +After installing \TeXLive{} as best you can, you naturally want to test +it out, so you can start creating beautiful documents and/or fonts. + +This section gives some basic procedures for testing that the new system +is functional. We described the Unix commands; under \MacOSX{} and +Windows, you're more likely to run the tests through a graphical +interface, but the principles are the same. + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item Make sure that you can run the \cmdname{tex} program in the first +place: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{tex -{}-version} +TeX (Web2c 7.5.2) 3.141592 +kpathsea version 3.5.2 +Copyright (C) 1997-2003 D.E. Knuth. +... +\end{alltt} +If this comes back with `command not found' instead of version and +copyright information, most likely you don't have the correct +\dirname{bin} subdirectory in your \envname{PATH}. See +the environment-setting information on p.~\pageref{text:path}. + +\item Process a basic \LaTeX{} file: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{latex sample2e.tex} +>TeX (Web2c 7.5.2) 3.141592 +... +Output written on sample2e.dvi (3 pages, 7256 bytes). +Transcript written on sample2e.log. +\end{alltt} +If this fails to find \filename{sample2e.tex} or other files, perhaps +you have interference from old environment variables or configuration +files. For a deep analysis, you can always ask \TeX{} to report on +exactly what it is searching for, and finding; see ``Debugging actions'' +on page~\pageref{Debugging}. + +\item Preview the result online: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{xdvi sample2e.dvi} +\end{alltt} +Under Windows, the analogous command is \cmdname{windvi}. You should +see a new window with a nice document explaining some of the basics of +\LaTeX{}. (Well worth reading, if you're new to the system.) You do +have to be running under X for \cmdname{xdvi} to work; if you're not, or +your \envname{DISPLAY} environment variable is set incorrectly, you'll +get an error \samp{Can't open display}. + +\item Create a \PS{} file for printing or display: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips sample2e.dvi -o sample2e.ps} +\end{alltt} + +\item Create a \acro{PDF} file instead of \dvi{}; this processes the +\filename{.tex} file and writes \acro{PDF} directly: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{pdflatex sample2e.tex} +\end{alltt} + +\item Preview the \acro{PDF} file: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{gv sample2e.pdf} +\textrm{or:} +> \Ucom{xpdf sample2e.pdf} +\end{alltt} +Unfortunately neither \cmdname{gv} nor \cmdname{xpdf} are currently +included in \TeXLive{}, so you must install them separately. See +\url{http://wwwthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/~plass/gv} and +\url{http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf}, respectively. + +\item Other standard test files you may find useful: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [docstrip.tex] Produce \TeX{} source or documentation from a +\samp{.dtx} file. +\item [small2e.tex] A simpler document than \filename{sample2e}, to +reduce the input size if you're having troubles. +\item [testpage.tex] Test if your printer introduces any offsets. +\item [nfssfont.tex] For printing font tables and tests. +\item [testfont.tex] Also for font tables, but using plain \TeX{}. +\item [story.tex] The most canonical (plain) \TeX{} test file of all. +You must type \samp{\bs bye} to the \code{*} prompt after \samp{tex +story.tex}. +\end{ttdescription} +You can process these in the same way as we did with +\filename{sample2e.tex}. + +\end{enumerate} + +If you are new to \TeX{}, or otherwise need help with actually +constructing \TeX{} or \LaTeX{} documents, please visit +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html}. We especially recommend the +\textsl{Formatting Information} manual by Peter Flynn, available at +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/documentation/beginlatex}. + + +\section{\MacOSX{} installation} +\label{sec:mac-install} + +\TeXLive{} supports \MacOSX, but no prior Macintosh versions. (If you +are running an older Mac version, you can view the files by installing +the Joliet system extension available from +\url{http://www.tempel.org/joliet}; however, the \TeXLive{} binaries +will not run.) + +Installation of \TeX{} under \MacOSX{} can be done in two ways: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item With the \filename{install*} scripts, as with Unix. +\item With the \cmdname{i-Installer} included in +\filename{MacOSX/II2.dmg}. +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent Each of these is described in a following section. + +In addition, typical use of \TeX{} under \MacOSX\ goes through a +\emph{frontend}. This is also described below. + + +\subsection{\protect\cmdname{i-Installer}: Internet installation} +\label{sec:i-Installer} + +The \cmdname{i-Installer} is included in the \TeXLive{} distribution as +an alternative to normal installation. It does not use the contents of +the \TeXLive{} distribution at all; instead, the system (approximately +70 megabytes) is downloaded over the Internet. + +One advantage of \cmdname{i-Installer} is that it makes updates +relatively painless. If you are interested, please see the +\cmdname{i-Installer} \TeX{} home page at \url{http://www.rna.nl/tex.html}. + +To use it, mount \filename{./MacOSX/II2.dmg}. Read the documentation, +launch it, and install at least \emph{TeX Foundation} and \emph{TeX +Programs}. The first will finish without configuration, as soon as the +second is installed you will be presented with a graphical interface to +setting up your \TeX{} system. + +The \cmdname{i-Installer} distribution uses the \teTeX{} \dirname{texmf} +tree with some additions. Due to differences between \TeXLive{} and +\teTeX{} you cannot update a \TeXLive{} installation with an +\cmdname{i-Installer} \emph{TeX Programs} i-Package. + + +\subsection{\protect\cmdname{install*.sh}: \protect\TeXLive{} installation} + +In order to run the installation scripts under \MacOSX, you need to have +the \cmdname{bash} shell installed. If you are running \MacOSX~10.2 +or later, you have \cmdname{bash}, and can proceed. If you're running +an earlier \MacOSX{} version, however, the default shell is +\cmdname{zsh}, which won't work; please see the +subsection~\ref{sec:mac-bash} (p.~\pageref{sec:mac-bash}) below for +instructions on installing bash \cmdname{bash}. + +Once you have \cmdname{bash}, the Unix installation documentation in the +previous section can be followed. See section~\ref{sec:unix-install} on +p.~\pageref{sec:unix-install}; \MacOSX-specific notes are included where +needed. + + +\subsection{\MacOSX{} frontends} + +Using \TeX{} on a Macintosh typically goes through a front end program, +comprising an execution shell, editor, previewer, and other facilities. +Here are the principal frontends: + +\begin{cmddescription} +\item [TeXShop] Included in \TeXLive{} as +\filename{./MacOSX/texshop.dmg}. See +\url{http://www.uoregon.edu/~koch/texshop/texshop.html}. + +\item [ITeXMac] Included in \TeXLive{} as +\filename{./MacOSX/iTeXMac-*.dmg}. See +\url{http://itexmac.sourceforge.net}. + +\item [Mac-emacs] A port of Emacs to \MacOSX{}, integrating +\pkgname{AucTeX}. See \url{http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~franconi/mac-emacs}. + +\end{cmddescription} + +The frontends use \dirname{/usr/local/teTeX} as the default location; +therefore, you must either install \TeXLive{} there, or change the +configuration of the frontend. + + +\subsection{\cmdname{bash} installation for older \MacOSX{} versions} +\label{sec:mac-bash} + +\MacOSX{} versions 10.1 and earlier do not include \cmdname{bash} by +default, and the default shell does not run the \TeXLive{} installation +scripts properly. This section explains how to install \cmdname{bash}. + +First, check if bash is already installed. `Launch Terminal' +(\filename{/Applications/utilities/Terminal}) and type \code{rehash; +which bash}. If the answer is a filename (for example, +\code{/bin/bash}), then \cmdname{bash} is already installed, and you're done +here; go back to the main installation instructions. +If the answer is \code{bash: command not found}, proceed here. + +There are two ways to install \cmdname{bash} if you need it\Dash via the +\acro{GUI} or via command line. + +To install via \acro{GUI}, double-click the \filename{MacOSX/bash.dmg} +file in \TeXLive{}. The disk image (volume) will be mounted. Then +start the \cmdname{i-Installer} application on that volume. You will be +asked to authenticate; if you have never seen that before, you might not +have enough privileges to install. Just enter your own user name and +password. Hit install. Bash will be installed on your system. + +To install via command line: +\begin{enumerate} +\item ensure you have admin privileges: log in as the +\code{admin} user, the System Administrator, a user with Admin +privileges, using \cmdname{sudo}, etc. + +\item copy \filename{MacOSX/bash.tar.gz} from the \TeXLive{} +distribution to your home directory. + +\item Launch Terminal, and run: +\begin{alltt} +(cd /usr/local/; sudo tar xvzf ~/bash.tar.gz) +\end{alltt} +You'll be asked for your password, and then \cmdname{bash} will be +installed. + +\item Quit Terminal. + +\end{enumerate} + +After using either installation method, be sure to recheck that +\cmdname{bash} is installed with \code{rehash; which bash} in a new +Terminal window. + + +\section{Windows installation} +\label{sec:win-install} + +\TeXLive{} can be installed on systems running Windows 9x, \acro{ME}, +\acro{NT}, \acro{2K} or \acro{XP}. Older versions of Windows (3.1x) +and \acro{MS-DOS} are not supported. + +It is necessary to have your Windows set up so that it uses the +Microsoft Joliet extensions for reading \CD{}s; simply look at the \CD{} +in Explorer and see whether it shows long, mixed-case, file names. If it +does not, you must install the Joliet extensions. + +The Windows \TeX{} system included in \TeXLive{} is no more and no less +than the \fpTeX{} distribution. It includes a \texttt{dvi} previewer, +\textsf{Windvi}, which is similar in usage to the established Unix +\textsf{xdvi}. The documentation can be found in +\OnCD{texmf/doc/html/windvi/windvi.html}. + +\subsection{The \texttt{TeXLive.exe} program} + +\begin{figure*} + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{../pictures/Welcome-to-TeXLive} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 551 534]{../pictures/Welcome-to-TeXLive.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{../pictures/Welcome-to-TeXLive} + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{``Welcome to \TeXLive'' window}\label{graph:welcome} +\end{figure*} + +If your computer is configured to let the \CD{} autostart, then a dialog +box with a menu bar will popup on the screen, and you will have several +choices from there: + +\begin{itemize} +\item Install \TeX{} on your hard disk +\item Do maintenance on your \TeX{} system. +\item Remove the \TeX{} system. +\item Use \TeX{} off the \TeXLive{} \CD{} or \DVD{}. +\item Browse documentation: \TeXLive{} documentation, TUG web + pages, \fpTeX web pages. +\item Run the \cmdname{TeXdocTK} application to find specific documentation. +\end{itemize} + +If your \CD{} does not autostart, you can explicitly run the program +by double clicking on \path|bin/win32/TeXLive.exe| on the \CD{} from +the explorer window. + +\subsection{Running \protect\TeXLive{} directly from media (Windows)} + +\runlive + +To run live under Windows, from the menu, chose \verb|Explore CD-Rom|, then +\verb|Run TeX off CD-Rom|. This will launch the \cmdname{XEmacs} editor. + +%% To run live under Windows, do the following: + +%% \begin{enumerate} +%% \item from the menu, chose \verb|Explore CD-Rom|, then +%% \verb|Run TeX off CD-Rom|, that will launch the \cmdname{XEmacs} editor. + +%% This program needs to be a \TeX{} oriented editor. It must be able +%% to run the \TeX{} compiler, previewer and any other needed tool. If +%% you don't have one already installed on your system, you can install +%% one from the \CD{}, details section~{\ref{sec:texlive-install}}. + +%% \emph{There is no way we can guess if the program you will +%% select is actually a text editor, so be careful}. +%% Here is a list of frequently used \TeX{} editors: +%% \begin{center} +%% \begin{tabular}[H]{ll} +%% GNU Emacs & \path|c:\Program Files\NTEmacs\bin\runemacs.exe| \\ +%% XEmacs & \path|c:\Program Files\XEmacs\XEmacs-21.2\i586-pc-win32\xemacs.exe| \\ +%% WinShell & \path|c:\Program Files\WinShell\WinShell.exe| \\ +%% WinEdt & \path|c:\Program Files\WinEdt Team\WinEdt\WinEdt.exe|\\ +%% TeXnicCenter & \path|c:\Program Files\TeXnicCenter\TEXCNTR.exe| +%% \end{tabular} +%% \end{center} +%% The program +%% selected will be memorized as the editor to use for future runs. + +%% \item from the menu, chose \verb|Explore CD-Rom|, then +%% \verb|Run TeX off CD-Rom|. The environment will be modified, a small +%% temporary directory created and some configuration files copied +%% there. Then, the selected editor selected will be launched, and you +%% will be able to type in some text, let \TeX{} typeset it and the +%% view it or print it. + +%% If Ghostscript is not detected on your machine, you will be warned +%% that rendering your DVI files might fail. You can install it from +%% the \path|Install|, \path|Support| menu item. See +%% section~\ref{sec:texlive-install} for details. + +%% \item you can select a different text editor any time you want. + +%% \item if you chose \verb|Cleanup CD-Rom setup|, everything \TeX{} +%% needed will be removed, comprised the selection of your text +%% editor, but not the extra packages you may have downloaded and +%% installed. If you installed \cmdname{WinShell} or \cmdname{NTEmacs}, +%% they won't be removed. +%% \end{enumerate} + +XEmacs startup file will set the environment variables needed. XEmacs will also +setup a temporary \acro{TDS} compliant texmf tree in the temporary area of your +computer. It is needed to store files that may be built on the fly, such as +\path|pk| bitmap fonts, or format files. Configuration files are copied from +the \CD{} to this texmf tree, so that you can edit them if needed. The +\path|ls-R| database is computed for this texmf tree. The AUC-\TeX{} mode will +be entered Whenever you will visit or create a \TeX{} file, providing all the +bells and whistles for \TeX{} support XEmacs is capable of. + +If you run 'M-x shell' within XEmacs, then you will have access to all the TeXLive +tools from the command line provided by XEmacs. + +\smallskip {\small\noindent \textbf{[For advanced users:]} You can also + use the small batch file \path|mkloctex.bat| to be called in a + directory \path|bin\win32| of the \CD. From the Start menu select + `Run', then browse the \acro{CD} drive and select + \path|mkloctex.bat|. Before starting it, you should add two parameters + separated by a space: the letter of your \acro{CD} drive and the + letter of the drive where you want to install the \TeX\ directory. + The whole line should read, e.g., \verb+d:\bin\win32\mkloctex.bat d c+. + When installation is complete, please read carefully the information + on screen. If you are running Windows 9x/\acro{ME}, then you will have to + restart Windows.} + +\subsection{Support packages for Windows} +\label{sec:win-xemtex} + +To be complete, a \TeXLive installation needs support packages that are not +commonly found on a Windows machine. +Many scripts are written using the Perl language. Some important tools require +the Ghostscript \PS{} interpreter to render or to convert files. A graphic +file toolbox is also needed in some cases. Last but not least, a \TeX-oriented +editor makes it easy to type in your \TeX{} files. + +All these tools are quite easy to find for Windows, but in order to try to make +your life even easier, we have put such a set of tools on \TeXLive: +\begin{itemize} +\item \cmdname{Ghostscript} 7.07 +\item a minimal \cmdname{Perl} 5.8, sufficient to run all the \TeXLive{} +Perl scripts +\item a subset of \cmdname{ImageMagick} 5.5.6 +\item the \cmdname{ISpell} checker +\item \cmdname{XEmacs} 21.5.14 with a selection of packages to support +\TeX{} typesetting. +\end{itemize} + +These packages should be installed only all at once. The bundle is +known as the \XEmTeX{} bundle. + +If you didn't install \XEmTeX{}, \cmdname{Perl} and \cmdname{Ghostscript} are +installed anyway if they are not detected on your machine. This is because they are +required by many important tools. The \envname{PERL5LIB} and \verb|GS_LIB| +environment variables will be set too. + +When you are under +\cmdname{XEmacs}, the tools provided shadow any other version you might +have installed previously. The point here is that \path|TeXSetup.exe| +will not install anything outside of the \TeXLive location, neither will +it run foreign installers, nor will it try to autodetect installed +products using unreliable rules of thumb. The \XEmTeX{} bundle is +standalone and is meant to evolve in the future. The reference site is +\url{http://www.fptex.org/xemtex/}. + +If you don't want to install this bundle, then you are on your own to +install the required tools to complete your \TeXLive{} system. Here is a +list of places to get those tools: + +\begin{description} +\item[Ghostscript] \url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/} +\item[Perl] \url{http://www.activestate.com/} (but you might need some + supplementary packages from CPAN: \url{http://www.cpan.org/}) +\item[ImageMagick] \url{http://www.imagemagick.com} +\item[NetPBM] alternatively, you could use NetPBM instead of ImageMagick to + process or convert your graphic files. NetPBM home page is + \url{http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/} +\item[\TeX-oriented editors] There is a wide choice, and it is a matter of the + user's taste. Here is a selection: + \begin{itemize} + \item \cmdname{GNU Emacs} is available natively under Windows, the + reference url is + \url{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html} + \item \cmdname{XEmacs} is available natively under Windows, the + reference url is \url{http://www.xemacs.org/} + \item \cmdname{WinShell} is available on \TeXLive in the \path|support| + directory, the reference url is \url{http://www.winshell.de} + \item \cmdname{WinEdt} is shareware available from \url{http://www.winedt.com} + \item TeXnicCenter is available from + \url{http://www.toolscenter.org/products/texniccenter/} + \item \cmdname{Vim} is available on \TeXLive{} in the + \path|support\vim| directory and the + reference site is \url{http://www.vim.org} + \item \cmdname{SciTE} is available from \url{http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html} + \end{itemize} +\end{description} + +You might want to install other tools that are not free\footnote{Not +free, that is, in the sense of freedom to modify and redistribute, +following Debian's guidelines. This does not mean you can't acquire +them for no money.} and therefore not included on \TeXLive{}, such as +\cmdname{GSView}, the \cmdname{Ghostscript} companion to more +conveniently view PS/PDF files. \cmdname{GSView} is available from +\url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/} or any \acro{CTAN} site. + +%% \subsection{Installing editors or support packages} +%% \label{sec:texlive-install} + +%% You can use the \path|TeXSetup.exe| program to install a +%% single (not \TeX{}-dependent) package. This might be an editor +%% such as \cmdname{WinShell} or \cmdname{NTEmacs}, +%% or a support package like \cmdname{NetPBM} +%% (graphics formats conversion) or \cmdname{Ghostscript}. + +%% Some of the packages are not free, or not with the same meaning as for +%% the rest of the \CD{}. These packages have been made available through +%% the Internet. You need to enable an Internet connection in order to +%% install them. Chosing the \path|Enable Internet access| subitem will +%% search your system for an active Internet connection, or start one if +%% possible. \emph{If your computer is not connected to the Internet, +%% then the timeout might be long, 30s or more}. So try to enable it +%% only if you know you have a connection. + +%% Only a few packages are available from the \CD{}, but the most +%% important of them: \cmdname{NTEmacs} and \cmdname{WinShell} for the +%% editors, \cmdname{Ghostscript} and \cmdname{NetPBM} for the other +%% support packages. \cmdname{NetPBM} is needed for running \TeX{}4ht. + +%% The downloadable packages are sometimes huge: \cmdname{Perl} is 10Mb, +%% \cmdname{XEmacs} is 50Mb, so be warned that it can take a lot of time +%% to install such things. \path|TeXSetup.exe| does not yet provide an +%% estimation of the time needed to complete the download. + +%% When installing these packages, \path|TeXSetup| is working in +%% unattended mode. However, the programs that have their own installer +%% like WinEdt or Ghostscript for example will require human interaction. + +%% Those packages who have no specific installer will be unpacked and configured +%% for your system. You will be required to select some directory where +%% they will be installed. The directory to select should be the root +%% directory of the whole installation. Assuming you want to install +%% NTEmacs and NetPBM, the archive files already contain the +%% \path|NTEmacs\| and \path|NetPBM\| part, so the directory you have to +%% select is something like \path|c:\Local| or \path|c:\Program Files|. + +\subsection{Installing \TeXLive{} to disk} + +\textbf{Warning: Win9x users must ensure they have enough environment + space before undertaking installation. The \cmdname{TeXSetup.exe} + program won't change the environment size for them. A few environment + variables will be created and it is possible you run out of + environment space. Add "SHELL=<path>COMMAND.COM /E:4096 /P" in the + config.sys file in order to increase your environment size.} + +Installation is started by letting the media autostart. The program run +is \path|TeXSetup.exe| if you are using the inst disk. If you are using +the live or the demo disk, you will have to select the item +\path|TeXLive Software| from the menu, then the subitem \path|Install on +Hard Disk|. This will invoke \path|TeXSetup.exe|. You can also find it +in the \path|bin/win32| directory and run it, if the autostart fails for +any reason. \path|TeXSetup.exe| is a Windows wizard and it will display +several pages while running. + +\begin{description} +\item[Welcome Page] + You can choose a \emph{quick} installation from + here. In this case, the installation will run without any human + assistance from beginning to end, with all the default settings + (Figure~\ref{graph:setup-src}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). If you have enough privileges (administrator or power user + rights) under a Windows version where this is applicable, then you can + decide to install the \TeXLive{} for all users or for yourself only by + checking the appropriate box. + For installing the whole \XEmTeX{} bundle (XEmacs, Ghost\-script, + Perl, ImageMagick and Ispell) you can check \emph{Install XEmTeX + Support} box. + \begin{figure*}[!htb] + The \cmdname{TeXSetup} Wizard\hfill + Source directories for the \TeXLive{} files + + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/setup-wizard.jpg}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/source-for-texlive.jpg} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/setup-wizard.jpg} +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/source-for-texlive.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/setup-wizard}% + \hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/source-for-texlive} + \fi + \fi + \caption{The \TeXLive{} setup wizard}\label{graph:setup-src} + \end{center} +\end{figure*} +\item[Source Page] + This page is a bit complex. It will allow you to select two source + directories for your \TeXLive{} system + (Figure~\ref{graph:setup-src}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). You will need a \emph{local + source directory} and possibly a \emph{remote source directory}. + +Why do we need both these directories? The files consisting of the +\TeXLive{} system are on the \CD{}, of course, but some other useful +packages are not, either because of space lacking or because their +license was not compatible with \TeXLive{}. You need to enable Internet +downloading if you want to install these packages that are marked with a +specific ``remote'' icon. + + However, don't panic: the default parameters of the setup will allow + you to install a full system using the \CD{} only. Simply, you won't + have \file{WinEdt} (for example), but you will be able to install it + later. + + So you can take your files from: + \begin{itemize} + \item the \CD{} or any similar flat tree of files, available through + some standard directory (this means the \CD{} can be mounted on + some remote machine and be made available through network + sharing), + \item a set of \file{.zip} files (this is the case when you are + installing from the demo \CD{} or the \fpTeX{} distribution), + \item the Internet; in this case, the program takes care of + downloading the \file{.zip} files it needs for you. + \end{itemize} + This option is available only if you enable Internet file + downloading in the right part of the page. You also need to + configure this Internet access by selecting to connect either using + Internet Explorer~5 \file{wininet.dll}, or using a direct connection (\texttt{ftp}, + \texttt{http}). +% or using a proxy server. +% Last, you can be assisted in defining the \emph{local source +% directory} and \emph{remote source directory} which will be used +% to copy the files onto your hard disk. The \texttt{browse} buttons +% allow to select a directory for the former, and an url among a list +% of mirrors for the latter. +\item[Root Page] + On this page, you will tell where you want the files to be + installed (Figure~\ref{graph:root-schm}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). Only the root directory really matters, the other ones + are set according to the root one. You may want to make + \path|$TEXMFEXTRA| point to some TDS compliant directory with other + \TeX{} files or assign a different value to + \path|$HOMETEXMF|, which is set by default to whatever Windows think + is your `HOME' location. +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + Root and directories\hfill% + Scheme selection + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{../pictures/root-of-installation.jpg}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{../pictures/scheme-selection.jpg} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/root-of-installation.jpg} +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/scheme-selection.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{../pictures/root-of-installation}% + \hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{../pictures/scheme-selection} + \fi + \fi + \caption{\TeXLive-Setup: Root and directories / Schemes}\label{graph:root-schm} + \end{center} +\end{figure*} +\item[Get TPM Page] + This page does not require any manual intervention. The \file{.tpm} + files which describe collections and packages are retrieved + (possibly from the Internet), unzipped if needed and parsed. +\item[Schemes Page] + On this page, you will select the global scheme of your + installation (Figure~\ref{graph:root-schm}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). A scheme is a large set of files targeted at some kind + of usage. There are 3 generic schemes for basic, recommended and + full installation. The other ones are devoted to LUGs (what GUST or + GUTenberg propose for their members) or applications (XML and + \TeX{}). + When a scheme is selected, it is still possible to refine the + selection by checking the appropriate box. If doing so, you will be + presented the packages page to change your selection, else you will + jump to the review page. +\item[Packages Page] + Collections and packages are presented in a tree form + (Figure~\ref{graph:win32-support}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). The links + in the tree are dependency links. Collections \emph{depend on} + packages and maybe other collections, and it is the same for each + package. You can select any package or collection individually, but + your request will be granted only if the object is not requested by + another one which is selected. For example, you can't deselect + \texttt{tex-basic} without deselecting all the collections that + request it. + + The \texttt{tex-xemtex} collection displayed on the picture is Win32 specific. It + holds a number of bonus packages (Figure~\ref{graph:win32-support}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ) which can be installed + automatically and individually: Ghostscript (the \PS{} + interpreter), XEmacs editor preconfigured for \TeX{}, tools like Perl, + ImageMagick, Ispell. \emph{None of these packages are selected by + default}. + + On this page, you also have the information about disk space + needed, for each object, and for the set of those who are selected, + and also the disk space available on the partition selected for the + installation. Last, you can choose to install or not the + documentation files and source files associated with each package. +\item[Review Page] + You will find there a summary of your choices + (Figure~\ref{graph:review}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). It is still possible to + go back to change them. +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + Packages Page\hfill% + Win32 Support + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/package-selection}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/win32-support} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/package-selection.jpg}\hfill% +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/win32-support.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/package-selection}% + \hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/win32-support} + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{Packages Page / Win32 goodies} + \label{graph:win32-support} +\end{figure*} +\item[Files Copy Page] + The selected files are copied on your hard disk (Figure~\ref{graph:file-copy}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). All the files not + yet available on your local disk are first downloaded from the + remote source directory on the Internet. Then every package is + unpacked (if \path|.zip| files), or copied from the \CD{}. +\item[Configuration Page] Several packages need some configuration + step to make them usable (Figure~\ref{graph:configuration}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). Also the \TeXLive{} system needs some post-processing step + (format files generation, ls-R databases generation, environment + variables, etc.). All these operations are done there, some of them + can be lengthy. +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + \textbf{Review Page}\hfill% + \textbf{File Copy Page} + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/review-settings}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/file-copy} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/review-settings.jpg}\hfill% + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/file-copy.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/review-settings}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/file-copy}% + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{Review Page / File Copy Page} + \label{graph:review}\label{graph:file-copy} +\end{figure*} +\item[Final Page] The installation being over, you may want to display + the Windows specific documentation (HTML format) and / or the log + file of the setup process (Figure~\ref{graph:final} + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). If it is needed (Win9x/WinME), you will + be asked to reboot your computer. +\end{description} + +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + \textbf{Configuration Page}\hfill% + \textbf{Final Page} + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/configuration}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/congratulations} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/configuration.jpg}\hfill% + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/congratulations.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/configuration}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/congratulations}% + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{Configuration Page / Final page} +\label{graph:configuration}\label{graph:final} +\end{figure*} + +Please be aware that the choice of cluster size on DOS disk +partitions can radically affect the size of your \TeX\ +installation. The support tree has hundreds of small files, and it is +not unusual for a complete installation to take up to four times the +amount of space used on the \CD. + + +\section{Windows maintenance and post-installation} + +\subsection{What's different in Windows?} + +The Windows version of \Webc{} has some specific features that should be +pointed out. + +\begin{description} +\item[\KPS{}] The hash-tables that \KPS{} builds are quite large for + the \TeXLive{}. In order to cut down the starting time of any + \KPS{}-enabled program, these hash-tables have been put in shared + memory. This way, when you chain the execution of several such + programs, like \path|tex| calling \path|mpost| calling \path|tex|, + the overhead when starting each of the subprograms is + reduced. This change is hidden to the user, except if you set the + debug flag of kpathsea to the \path|-1| value: you will then trace + access to the shared memory, which is not what you want (it is + accessed very often!). What is useful in a log trace of the shared + memory access is still to be defined, so the situation might evolve + in the future. +\item[\cmdname{kpsecheck}] This command provides some options that did + not fit well into \cmdname{kpsewhich}. It will allow you to list all + the files that occur multiple times across your texmf trees. This + could be handy, but most of the time you will also get unwanted + output (like dozens of \path|README| files)\footnote{It is noticeable + that all these files result in clashes inside the \KPS{}-hashing + mechanism; fortunately, \KPS{} never looks for these files.}. For + this reason, you can combine the \path|-multiple-occurences| with 2 + other options for including or excluding any filename that match + some pattern (you can request for several patterns). + + The \cmdname{kpsecheck} command will also report the status of shared + memory: in use or not used. That might be useful to know because if + the status reported is \samp{in use}, that means one or several + processes are working, and the effect of any \cmdname{mktexlsr} + command will be delayed until the next time where no \KPS{} linked + process will be running. + + Last, this same command will report about the location it thinks + Ghostscript can be found. Under Win32, for many programs, it is + easier to use the Ghostscript dll, and find it by using the + Ghostscript registry key than to change the \path|PATH|, which has a + limited length anyway. +\item[\Webc{}] The engines have a few more options than in Unix + \Webc{}, and one option with a different behaviour: + \begin{itemize} +%% \item the \path|-fmt| option behaves differently. Previously and +%% with the regular \Webc{} distribution, this option has 2 different +%% meanings when you are in ``ini'' or ``vir'' mode. Under Win32, it +%% has the same meaning: preload the format file specified with the +%% argument. The meaning of building a format of such name in ini +%% mode is obtained by the new \path|-job-name| option. +%% \item \path|-job-name| option: allows to set the name of the file +%% resulting from the compilation process. In normal mode, it will +%% change the base name of all files produced (\path|.dvi|, +%% \path|.aux|, etc.), while in ini mode, it will set the name of +%% the format file written. + \item \path|-halt-on-error| stop the compilation at the first error. + \item \path|-job-time| set the job time to the same timestamp as the + file given in argument. +\item \path|-oem| use the DOS codepage for console output. + \item \path|-output-directory| allow to write all the output files in the + specified directory. + \item \path|-time-statistics| print statistics about the job run + time. It is to be noted that Win9x not being a true multitasking + operating system, it has no reliable timer for short periods, so + the value printed is an approximation. Under NT/2K/XP, the result + is quite accurate with user time and system time values allocated + for this run. For Unix + users: the \path|time| command is not usually available to Windows + users. + \end{itemize} +\end{description} + +\subsection{Adding packages to your installation} + +You will find an option in the \guiseq{TeXLive} menu (or go to +\guiseq{Start\arw Programs \arw TeXLive \arw Add TeX package} menu) to +run \file{TeXSetup.exe} in maintenance mode. The steps are almost the +same as in the initial installation. + +We'll discuss differences below, but first, whatever changes you make, +\textbf{do not forget to rebuild the ls-R database files}. Otherwise, +your new files will not be found. You can do this either via the +\acro{GUI} (\guiseq{Start \arw Programs \arw TeXLive \arw Maintenance +\arw Rebuild ls-R}), or manually running the \file{mktexlsr} command. + +The main difference is in the packages selection page. In maintenance +mode, the list of installed packages is compared to the list of packages +available from your source directories. Packages that are not installed +will be displayed in green, out of date packages will be displayed in +red and up-to-date, installed packages are displayed in black. + +This way, you can choose to add or upgrade components, either from +\TeXLive{} or from the Internet, where you are likely to find some more +recent version of your packages. + +It is up to you to select which packages you want to install. The rest +of the process is similar to the first installation. + +If you want to add files that are not provided by the \TeXLive{} (or +\fpTeX{}) distribution, it is recommended to put them in the +\path|$TEXMFLOCAL| directory. This way, you will be safe against +upgrades of the \TeXLive{} software. + +The directory pointed to by \path|$TEXMFLOCAL| is initially empty. If, +for example, you want to add the support file for the Maple symbolic +computation program, you will have to put the style files in:\\ +\path|c:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf-local\tex\latex\maple\|\\ and the +documentation files in:\\ \path|c:\Program +Files\TeXLive\texmf-local\doc\latex\maple\| + +\subsection{Uninstalling \protect\TeXLive{}} + +The uninstall procedure is available either from the \file{TeXLive.exe} +program, from the \path|TeXLive| menu or from the control panel +(\guiseq{Start \arw Control Panel, Add/Remove Programs}). This procedure +will cleanup your hard disk of most of the \TeXLive{} files. However, +\TeX{} is a system that is creating files and there is no mechanism to +keep track of all of them. Moreover, Win32 support packages have their +own uninstall procedure, which you will have to run separately (provided +you want to get rid of them). Last, the files you may have stored in +\path|$TEXMFLOCAL| won't be removed. So, even if the vast majority of +files are automatically removed by the uninstall procedure, you will +have to do some manual cleanup to actually remove all of them. + +\subsection{Running \texttt{TeXSetup.exe} from the command line} + +The \path|TeXSetup.exe| program has a number of other useful +options. You can get the list by running: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\>TeXSetup --help +\end{verbatim} + +Here is the description: +\begin{description} +\item[\path|--automatic-reboot|] reboot without waiting user + confirmation once installation is over; +\item[\path|--dry-run|] do nothing, just log everything that will be + done without this option; +\item[\path|--quick|] use the recommended installation and default + directories, ask nothing up to rebooting; +\item[\path|--with-xemtex|] selects the \XEmTeX{} bundle; +\item[\path|--net-method (=ie5/direct)|] enable to download components with + restricted licenses from the Internet (either using direct + connection of Internet Explorer 5 DLLs): you need to have an available + network connection and some of the packages are huge; +\item[\path|--remote-source-directory <url>|] this is the base url for the remote packages; +\item[\path|--local-source-directory <dir>|] by default, \path|TeXSetup.exe| + will guess the root directory of the set of files you want it to act on, if you ever + upgrade \path|TeXSetup.exe|, you won't be able to copy the new version + onto your \CD{}, so you will need to use this option to specify the + root of the \CD{}; +\item[\path|--installation-directory <dir>|] this is the root of your + installation, all files will be copied under this location. The + default value is \verb+c:\Program Files\TeXLive+; +\item[\path|--texmfmain-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--texmflocal-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--texmfextra-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--texmfhome-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--vartexmf-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--vartexfonts-directory <dir>|] these are the directories + used to configure the location of your files. They map directly to + the \path|texmf.cnf| variables. +\item[\path|--with-source-files(=yes/no)|] copy the source files + for \TeX{} packages, default value is no; +\item[\path|--with-documentation-files(=yes/no)|] copy documentation files for \TeX{} + packages. Default value is yes. Beware: this is only documentation about specific + packages, general documentation will be installed anyway; +\item[\path|--program-folder <folder>|] the name of the folder under + which you will find the menus; +\item[\path|--add-package <pkg>|] this is used to add or update a specific + package after a first regular installation; +\item[\path|--scheme <pkg>|] install the named scheme instead of the + default \path|texlive-recommended| scheme; +\item[\path|--maintenance|] mostly the same as \path|--add-package| + without specifying a package to add; +\item[\path|--uninstall|] this option will remove anything \TeX{} related coming from + the \CD{}, which means there can be files left if you added style + files or format files, and also that supplementary tools will not be + removed. This option is still a bit crude in this release; +\item[\path|--help|] this option opens up a box with the list of options. +\end{description} + +\subsection{Network installation} + +\KPS{} knows about UNC names, so you can use them to get your TEXMF +tree from the network. But there is better than this. +All the support files and configuration files, everything except the files in the +\path|bin/win32| are shareable with a \teTeX{} or Unix \TeXLive{} installation. That means +you can use Samba either to mount from an NT server to a Unix +workstation or the converse. Several strategies are possible: +\begin{itemize} +\item Put everything on the server. Just add each set of files for the os and +architecture you want to use in the \path|bin| directory. That means +for example \path|bin/win32| and \path|bin/i386-linux|. Next configure +your main variables. You can use UNC names to +point to the right directories under Win32. +\item Install a local copy for the binaries and format files. In this + case, assign \path|$TEXMFMAIN| to the main \path|texmf| tree that + will be accessed remotely. Set \path|$VARTEXMF| to be a local + directory which will hold local configuration files and on-the-fly + generated files. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Personal configurations} + +\subsubsection{Dvips} + +The configuration file for dvips can be found in\\ +\verb+C:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf-var\dvips\config\config.ps+\\ +You may open it with any editor + %(\cmdname{WinShell} will do fine) + and change some parameters: + +\begin{description} +\item [fonts] you can change the default printer \MF{} mode or printer + resolution in case \cmdname{dvips} needs to generate PK fonts. By default it + is configured to use Type~1 versions of the CM fonts, so it should + not call \cmdname{mktexpk} too often; +\item[printer] you can tell dvips where you want to print by default. If + the \optname{o} option is not followed by a printer name, then a + \file{.ps} \PS{} file is written. You can give dvips a printer + name such as: +\begin{verbatim} +o lpt1: +% o | lpr -S server -P myprinter +% o \\server\myprinter +\end{verbatim} +\item[paper] Next, you might want + to change the paper size from European (A4) to US letter + by making the US letter the first paper size mentioned in the file. + Scroll to the group of lines beginning with \code{@}. Move + the appropriate lines so that this section begins with the lines:\\ +\hspace*{1em} @ letterSize 8.5in 11in\\ +\hspace*{1em} @ letter 8.5in 11in\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ \%\%BeginPaperSize: Letter\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ letter\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ \%\%EndPaperSize +\end{description} + +The current \TeXLive{} distribution implements the procedure of making +always up-to-date fontmaps files for Dvips and Pdftex. This is done by +the \cmdname{updmap} program during installation, as well as during any +font package addition. If you add new packages by hand, edit the file +\verb+updmap.cfg+ in \path|$VARTEXMF/web2c|. + +\subsubsection{Pdftex} + +If you use the program pdf{}latex to write \acro{PDF} format directly, +and you are using \acro{US} letter-size paper, edit the file +\verb+C:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf-var\pdftex\config\pdftex.cfg+ and +change \samp{page\_width} and \samp{page\_height}. These entries should read: +\begin{alltt} +page_width 8.5 true in +page_height 11 true in +\end{alltt} +Save the file and exit the editor. + +\subsubsection{GSView} +GSView is now distributed under the Aladdin License, and therefore is no longer included in +\TeXLive{}. + +If you may want to change the page size to US letter size. If so, open +GSView from the \guiseq{Start} menu, and select \guiseq{Media\arw Letter}. + +Also, there are menu settings that are supposed to give you the most +readable screen image. On \guiseq{Media \arw Display Settings}, set both +\optname{Text Alpha} and \optname{Graphics Alpha} to 4~bits. + +Note that the installation process has set all \code{.ps} and +\code{.eps} files to automatically open with \cmdname{GSView}. + +For printing instructions, see section~\ref{printing} below. + +\subsubsection{WinDvi} +\label{sub:windvi} + +The \file{TeXSetup.exe} program takes care of associating the files +with the \file{.dvi} extension with \file{Windvi}. + +Open it with \guiseq{Start\arw Programs\arw TeXLive\arw DVI Viewer}. + +You can set it for US letter-size paper by going to \guiseq{View\arw +Options\arw Papertype} and selecting US (8.5\verb+"+ x 11\verb+"+) (and +then \optname{OK}. Exit \cmdname{windvi}. + +You can change other parameters from there as well, such as the ability +to execute system commands specified by the document (disabled by +default for security reasons). Also, the first time you view any .dvi +file, you may find the magnification too large. Zoom out until you get +an appropriate size. + +%There are two important parameters related to printing that can't yet +%be set from the dialog boxes, namely the resolution and the \MF{} mode +%for the printer. You can set them once for all by specifying them on +%the command line: +%\begin{verbatim} +%c:\>windvi -p 360 -mfmode canonbjc foo.dvi +%\end{verbatim} +%When you will exit Windvi, these parameters will be stored in the +%configuration file. The available modes are found in this file:\\ +%\path|c:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf\metafont\misc\modes.mf| + +All configuration settings for \cmdname{Windvi} are stored in a file +named \path|windvi.cnf| file. You can find it by running this command at +the prompt: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\>kpsewhich --expand-var $HOME/windvi.cnf +\end{verbatim} + +Should you have problems with \cmdname{Windvi}, please remove the configuration +file and test your problem against a vanilla configuration. + +\subsection{Testing} + +For generic verification procedures, see section~\ref{sec:test-install} +on p.~\pageref{sec:test-install}. This section describes +Windows-specific tests. + +Open the file \verb+sample2e.tex+ in your editor (Xemacs, WinShell), +found in \path|C:\Local\TeX\texmf\tex\latex\base|. The \LaTeX\ source +should appear on the screen. Process it by clicking on the +\guiseq{Command\arw LaTeX} menu (XEmacs) or \LaTeX\ icon on the toolbar +(WinShell), then view it by clicking on the \guiseq{Command\arw View DVI} +menu (XEmacs) or Preview (Windvi) icon (WinShell). + +At first, when you preview files with Windvi, it will create fonts because +screen fonts were not installed. After a while, you will have created most +of the fonts you use, and you will rarely see the font-creation window. + +\textbf{Hint for the future:} If a \LaTeX\ run stops because \LaTeX\ +cannot find a file, you can press Ctrl-z to quit. + + +\subsection{Printing} +\label{printing} + +It is possible to print from Windvi. In this case, printing will be done +using the Windows unified printer driver. By definition, it is +compatible with all printers. However, there is some drawback: it can +generate some huge spool files, and some (older) versions of Windows +just don't like them. The advantage is that you can use features like +embedding BMP or WMF images. You also need to make sure that the printer +parameters are correctly set (subsection~\ref{sub:windvi}), else you +will get scaled printing (printing at 600\dpi{} on a 300\dpi{} printer +will give you only one quadrant of your page). + + +Printing is faster and more reliable if you run \cmdname{dvips} to make +a \filename{.ps} file and then print from \cmdname{GSView}. In +\cmdname{GSview}, select \guiseq{File\arw Print\ldots}. A \guiseq{Print} +window will appear. + +If you are using a \PS{} printer, \textit{be sure to select +\guiseq{\PS{} Printer}}. This is done in the \guiseq{Print Method} box +at the bottom left of the \guiseq{Print} window. You can then select any +of the printers that you have previously installed. If you fail to +check the box for \optname{\PS{} Printer}, printing will not work. + +If you will be using your own non-\PS{} printer, select +\guiseq{Ghostscript device} in the \guiseq{Print Method} box, then click +on the button to the right labelled \guiseq{djet500} and select your +printer type from the list that pops up. (In the older version of +\cmdname{GSView}, make sure \optname{\PS{} Printer} is \textit{not} +selected, then select your printer type from the \guiseq{Device} list.) + +%If you use \cmdname{WinShell} and a \PS{} printer, probably the +%most convenient way to print is to add an icon to the \cmdname{WinShell} +%toolbar that invokes dvips in a way that sends the output directly to a +%default printer. For detailed instructions on how to do this, see +%the next section. + +%% \subsection{\cmdname{WinShell}} +%% \label{winshell:more} + +%% \subsubsection{Configuring \cmdname{WinShell}} +%% \label{sec:winshell} + +%% Start this program from the Start menu or from the Desktop shortcut. +%% Go to \guiseq{Options \arw Program Calls}. + +%% \begin{itemize}\itemsep 0pt +%% \item In the DVIWin tab, if the filename is \filename{yap}, replace it +%% with \filename{windvi.exe}. +%% \item In the Ghostview tab, make sure it gives the correct path for +%% gsview32.exe:\\ +%% \hspace*{1em} \verb+C:\ghostgum\gsview\gsview32.exe+ (for 3.6, the +%% current version)\\ +%% or \\ +%% \hspace*{1em} \verb+C:\gstools\gsview\gsview32.exe+ (for the older +%% version) + +%% \end{itemize} + +%% Click \guiseq{OK}. + +%% Note that the install process sets all files with the \texttt{.tex} +%% extension to open with \cmdname{WinShell}. Unless you plan to use another editor +%% (such as WinEdt or Emacs), this is appropriate. + +%% Unfortunately, \cmdname{WinShell} does not have a spell-checking +%% feature. However, if you have installed the \path|tex-extrabin| +%% collection, your installation includes \cmdname{Ispell} (a spell +%% checking program found on most Unix systems). The executable is in your +%% PATH so \verb+ispell.exe+ will be found if you invoke it from a DOS +%% window. If you installed documentation, look at \path|C:\Program +%% Files\TeXLive\texmf\doc\html\manpages\ispell.html|for information on +%% Ispell. (Otherwise, you can find \verb+ispell.html+ on the CD.) If you +%% rely on spell checking, you may want to add an Ispell icon to +%% \cmdname{WinShell}. See subsection~\ref{winshell:ispell} of this +%% document for how to do that. + +%% For an excellent commercial (but inexpensive) spelling checker, +%% see \url{http://www.microspell.com}. + +%% \cmdname{WinShell} also has on-line help, which you can access via the +%% $\textbf{\underbar{?}}$ on the menu bar. + +%% Other information about using \cmdname{WinShell} can be found in +%% section \ref{winshell:more} on p.~\pageref{winshell:more}. + + +%% \subsubsection{Installing Bug Fixes} + +%% \cmdname{WinShell}'s author (\href{mailto:idb@winshell.de}{Ingo de Boer}, +%% thanks to him) sometimes releases beta versions of the next \cmdname{WinShell} +%% version which are also bug fixes. You can grab them from +%% \url{http://www.winshell.de}. Usually they are \file{.zip} files that +%% only require to be unpacked in \cmdname{WinShell} directory (\path|c:\Program +%% Files\WinShell| by default), either using WinZip or a similar tool, or +%% by using \file{unzip} on the command line. If you got some +%% \file{winshellbugfix.zip} file and that you saved it in the \cmdname{WinShell} +%% directory, then you need to run: +%% \begin{verbatim} +%% c:\>cd c:\"Program Files"\WinShell +%% c:\>c:\local\bin\unzip winshellbugfix.zip +%% \end{verbatim} +%% Say \optname{yes} if you are asked if some files should be overwritten. The +%% \path|unzip.exe| programme can be found in the +%% \path|support/gnu-utils| package. If you +%% do not have it on your machine, you can use any archiver tool like +%% WinZip to achieve the same effect. + +%% \subsubsection{The \cmdname{Project} feature: organizing many files} + +%% If your document is split into several files (for example a thesis), +%% look into \cmdname{WinShell}'s \cmdname{Project} feature. From the +%% \guiseq{Project} menu, you give the project a name (e.g., \code{Thesis}), +%% supply the name of the main (or root) file, and then \code{add} other +%% files. These filenames display on the left of the screen where you can +%% double click the names to view and switch between them. Clicking the +%% \guiseq{\LaTeX} icon always processes the main file. + +%% Note the icons on the toolbar for toggling the project space (on the left) +%% and the log space (at the bottom). If you are not using the Project +%% feature, you may want to toggle off the space on the left, using the full +%% screen width to display your file. + +%% \subsubsection{Printing from \cmdname{WinShell} to a \PS{} Printer} +%% \label{winshell:print} + +%% The Dvips icon on the \cmdname{WinShell} toolbar puts the \PS{} output +%% in a file, which you can then view with GSView and print from there if +%% you choose. However, it's convenient to add a \cmdname{WinShell} +%% ``program call'' to dvips which sends the output directly to a +%% designated \PS{} printer. The steps below show how to do this for the +%% printer \optname{vclw}; you should substitute the name of your most +%% frequently-used printer. +%% \begin{enumerate} +%% \item Make the program aware of the printer: +%% \begin{itemize} + +%% \item Open \cmdname{WinShell}, go to \guiseq{Options\arw Program +%% Calls\arw User defined}. + +%% \item Click on \guiseq{Tool 1} in the list on the right and fill in the +%% fields to the left as follows:\vspace{-6pt} +%% \begin{quote} +%% Name: \verb+Print+\\ +%% exe file: \verb+dvips+\\ +%% cmd-line: \verb+ -D600 %m -o vclw+\\ +%% Uncheck the box for \guiseq{DVIPS first} +%% \end{quote}%\vspace{-12pt} +%% \item Click \guiseq{OK} +%% \end{itemize} +%% \item Add \guiseq{Print} to the toolbar: +%% \begin{itemize} +%% \item Go to \guiseq{Options\arw View\arw Customize}. +%% \item In the \guiseq{Category} box, select \guiseq{User-Programs}. +%% \item Select \guiseq{Print} and drag it to the toolbar, placing it just to +%% the right of the \cmdname{GSView} icon. +%% \item You then have a choice of \guiseq{Image only}, \guiseq{Text only}, +%% or \guiseq{Image and Text}. The easiest is to select \guiseq{Text only} +%% and click \guiseq{OK}. You should then see \guiseq{Print} on the +%% toolbar. (If you prefer, you can select \guiseq{Image only\arw Edit}, +%% and edit the displayed picture to your satisfaction.) +%% \end{itemize} +%% \end{enumerate} +%% Now, to print a \LaTeX\ document, just click on the \guiseq{Print} icon +%% to send to your selected printer. To use a different printer, you will +%% need to click on the \guiseq{Dvips} icon to print to a file. Then click +%% on the \cmdname{GSView} icon and use \cmdname{GSView} to send to any +%% printer you have installed on your \acro{PC}. + +%% \subsubsection{Adding Ispell to \cmdname{WinShell}} +%% \label{winshell:ispell} +%% \begin{enumerate} +%% \item Add Ispell to User Tools: +%% \begin{itemize} +%% \item Open \cmdname{WinShell}, go to \guiseq{Options\arw Program +%% Calls\arw User defined}. +%% \item In the list on the right, click on \guiseq{Tool~1} (or +%% \guiseq{Tool~2} if you have already used \guiseq{Tool~1}) and fill in +%% the fields to the left as follows:\vspace{-6pt} +%% \begin{quote} +%% Name: \verb+Ispell+\\ +%% exe file: \verb+ispell+\\ +%% cmd-line: \verb+ -t -d american %c.tex+\\ +%% Uncheck the boxes for \guiseq{LaTeX first} and \guiseq{DVIPS first} +%% \end{quote} +%% \item Click \guiseq{OK}. +%% \end{itemize} + +%% \item Add Ispell to the toolbar: +%% \begin{itemize}\itemsep 0pt +%% \item Go to \guiseq{Options\arw View\arw Customize}. +%% \item In the \guiseq{Category} box, select \guiseq{User-Programs}. +%% \item Select \guiseq{Ispell} and drag it to the toolbar, placing it just to +%% the right of the \cmdname{GSView} icon (or the last icon you added). +%% \item You then have a choice of `\guiseq{mage only}, \guiseq{Text only}, +%% or \guiseq{Image and Text}. The easiest is to select \guiseq{Text only} +%% and click \guiseq{OK}. You should then see \guiseq{Ispell} on the +%% toolbar. (If you prefer, you can select \guiseq{Image only\arw Edit}, +%% and edit the displayed picture to your satisfaction.) +%% \end{itemize} +%% \end{enumerate} +%% Now, when you have a \LaTeX\ document open, you can click on +%% \guiseq{Ispell} to perform spell checking. Ispell will open another +%% window and display the first misspelled word on the left with the +%% filename on the right. Below that you will see the context in which the +%% misspelling appears; often several suggestions for replacements are also +%% displayed. To replace the word, enter the number corresponding to the +%% desired replacement. Other possible responses are listed below; for +%% example, you can press the space bar to ignore the misspelled word. For +%% more information on Ispell, read the manual page: +%% \verb+C:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf\doc\html\manpages\ispell.html+. + +%% Note that when you replace a word, you will not see the correction in +%% your \cmdname{WinShell} window until you close the file (click the +%% \guiseq{X} in the upper right corner) and then open it again (use the +%% \guiseq{File} menu). + +\subsection{Tips and tricks for Win32} + +\subsubsection{Different flavors of Win32} + +What we call Win32 is not an operating system by itself. It is a large +set of functions (around 12,000 in the header files of the Microsoft +\acro{SDK}) that you can use to write programs for different operating +systems of the Windows family. + +Windows comes in different flavors: +\begin{itemize} +\item Win95, Win98 and Win\acro{ME}, which \emph{are not true multitasking, + multithreading} environments. They are the latest\Dash and hopefully + last\Dash metamorphosis of \acro{DOS}. This can be more or less proven + by the fact that when booting, the PC will load the \path|command.com| + interpreter, and if you stop the boot process at this point, you can + ask for the current (\acro{DOS}) version and it will answer something + like \samp{MS-DOS 7.0} (at least for the old versions of Win9x). +\item Windows \acro{NT}, which is a new operating system written from + scratch, capable of true multitasking behaviour, and including many + high level features. +\item Windows 2000, based on \acro{NT}, with all the bells and + whistles of Win98. +\item Windows \acro{XP}, which comes with Personal and Pro flavors. This is + the last step in merging both lines of products (Win9x based and + \acro{NT} based). \acro{XP} is based on \acro{NT}. +\end{itemize} + +Win9x are able to run 32~bits programs and 16~bits programs +concurrently. But the operating system by itself is not entirely +written in 32~bits mode, and does not support memory protection: 16bits +applications can overwrite parts of the operating system memory! Some +parts of the system like the \acro{GDI} (Graphical Device Interface) +manage limited resources like bitmaps, fonts, pens and so on for the set +of all programs that run concurrently. All the bitmaps headers available +at the same time can't amount for more than 64kB. This explains the +performance tool and the fact that you can put your system on his knees +by making intensive use of graphic objects for example. + +NT, 2K and XP do not suffer from these limitations, and neither from +other Win9x limitations. They are true multitasking environments, with +protected memory. They are much more responsive than Win9x because +of better memory management, better file system and so on. + +\subsubsection{Command line prompt} + +You may wonder, ``Why would I need to use a command line prompt when +I have Windows?'' + +Good question. The problem is of very general nature. Not all operations +can be done easily using only a \acro{GUI}. Command line gives you +programming power\Dash assuming a clever command interpreter. + +But the problem here is more fundamental: \TeX{} is \emph{a batch} +tool. Not an interactive one. \TeX{} needs to compute the best +layout for each page, resolve cross-references and so on. This can be +done only by a global processing of the document. It is not (yet) a +task that can be done interactively. + +This means that you should use \TeX{} from a command line. In fact the +situation is not so bad. There is an advantage to write command line +tools for complex processing: they are better debugged, because they are +independent of any \acro{GUI} problems, and \acro{GUI} tools can be +designed to interface to the command line tools. This is the case for +\TeX{}, where you will mostly interact with it through a \acro{GUI} text +editor. + +However, you may need to use the command line prompt in a number of +situations. One is when you are having difficulties and want to debug +your setup. + +\begin{description} + \item[Win9x] You can open a command line prompt by looking either for + the \acro{MS-DOS} icon in the \guiseq{Start\arw Programs} menu, + or by choosing \guiseq{Start\arw Run} menu typing in + \path|command.com| as the progrm name. + \item[NT, 2K, XP] You can open a command line prompt by looking for + \guiseq{Command Prompt} in the \guiseq{Start\arw Accessories} menu. + You can also choose \guiseq{Start\arw Run} and type in + \path|cmd.exe|, which is the name of the brand new command + interpreter for \acro{NT} (thus, it is untrue to call this a + \emph{DOS} box!). +\end{description} + +These locations may change across different Windows versions. + + +\subsubsection{Path separators} + +The Win32 API understands both \path|/| and \path|\| characters as PATH +separators. But the command interpreters do not! So whenever a path name +is used programmatically, you can use both separators, and even mix them +up in the same path name. But on the command line, you must type +\path|\| as path separator. The reason is compatibility: the command +processor used \samp{/} to introduce arguments to commands. + +All this to say: do not be surprised to read path names written using +the Unix convention; \fpTeX{} is a port of \Webc, and aims to be compatible +across platforms. For this reason, all the configuration files that +need to specify path names use the Unix convention. + +\subsubsection{File systems} +\label{sec:clusters} + +The worst feature of Win9x with regard to \TeX{} is probably the +so-called FAT file system. \TeX{} uses many many small files, with size +around 1--3kB. The \acro{FAT} file system is old, and predates by +decades the multi-gigabytes hard disks we have today. As a result, it +cannot manage efficiently the tens of thousands of \TeX{} files found in +\TeXLive{}. The \acro{FAT} file system allocates a minimum of 32kB for +\emph{any} file on a huge partition. It means that \TeX{} will use much +more disk space than it actually needs. + +The other, more modern, file systems available, \acro{FAT32} and +\acro{NTFS}, do not have this drawback. They manage clusters of 4kB +only. (You can lower the limit to 512 bytes on \acro{NTFS}.) + +\subsubsection{How to add some directory to your PATH} + +There are pairs of variables and values which behave much like global +variables inside your programs. The set of those variables is called the +environment. Each program is initialized with a copy of the +environment when it is run. It can request and change the +value of any variable. The changes happen in the copy of the +environment, and is not at all propagated to the other running +programs. + +Your PATH is a special environment variable used to search for +programs you want to run. +There is a different procedure to change it for Win9x, WinME and NT/2K/XP: + +\begin{description} +\item[Windows 95/98] Edit your \path|autoexec.bat|. In this file should be a line + starting with \texttt{PATH=} and followed by a list of directories separated + by \path|;|. Please add the directory with the executables in this line. + After this, this line could look as follows: +\begin{verbatim} +PATH=c:\windows;c:\windows\system;c:\"Program Files"\TeXLive\bin\win32 +\end{verbatim} +\item[Windows ME] You need to run the special program + \path|c:\windows\system\msconfig.exe| to be able to change any + environment variable. From this program, select the `Environment' + tab, and then add or modify the variable you want. You will be asked to reboot the + machine upon any change. +\item[Windows NT/2K/XP] + Click left on \guiseq{Start \arw Settings \arw Control Panel}. Now the + window with the control panel icons opens. Double click on System. The + System Properties window opens. Click on the tab \textsf{Environment} + or look for a button named \guiseq{Environment Variables} among the + dialog boxes. Now you can change the environment variables for your + user account. Note: There are also displayed the environment settings + for the system. Normally, you can't change the system variables + unless you have administrator rights on your machine. If you want to + change the \texttt{PATH} for all users, you will have to contact your + system administrator or be the system administrator yourself\Dash in + the latter case you should know what you are doing. + + If there is already a \texttt{PATH} setting for your user account, + left click on \texttt{PATH}. In the field \textsf{Variable} appears + \texttt{PATH} while the field Value shows the current setting of + \texttt{PATH} as a list of directories separated by \path|;|. Add + the directory where the executables are located (e.g. + \path|c:\Program Files\TeXLive\bin\win32|). If there isn't a \texttt{PATH} variable + for your user account, simply click in the field Variable and type + in \texttt{PATH}, click in the field \textsf{Value} + and type in the directory with the executables. Important: Click on + the \textsf{Apply} button before clicking \textsf{Ok}, otherwise the + changes to \texttt{PATH} won't apply to your system. Be careful when + changing the environment settings. +\end{description} + +The best way to be sure that a variable has been properly set is to +open a console and type: +\begin{verbatim} +set VARIABLE +\end{verbatim} +which should return the corresponding value. + +\subsubsection{\TeX{} engines} + +If you have a look at the \Webc{} documentation, you will read that all +the various \TeX{} derived programs use the same base engine. For +example, \path|tex.exe| and \path|latex.exe| are exact copies of the +same program, but each one will use a different format file, based on +its calling name. + +Under Unix, this feature is implemented through \emph{symbolic +links}. It saves up a bit of disk space, because some engines are +used with many different format files. + +The Win32 API does not know about file links. So to save up almost +the same amount of memory, all the \TeX{} base engines have been put +in DLLs (\emph{Dynamic Linked Library}). This means that you will have +the following layout: +\begin{alltt} +13/05/2002 17:06 3 584 latex.exe +13/05/2002 17:06 266 240 tex.dll +13/05/2002 17:06 3 584 tex.exe +\end{alltt} +and the \path|latex.exe| file is nothing but a rough copy of +\path|tex.exe| using the same core \path|tex.dll|. +The same trick has been used for the \path|mktex*.exe| family of programs which are +linked to the \path|mktex.dll| library. + +In fact, a generic tool called \path|lnexe.exe| is provided to build the +equivalent of Unix hard links for executable files only under Win32. + +\subsection{In case of problems} +\label{sec:troubleshooting} + +\subsubsection{What to do if \texttt{latex} does not find your files?} + +\begin{itemize} + +\item \cmdname{kpsewhich} is the tool of choice to debug any +problem. Unfortunately, \cmdname{kpsewhich} outputs debug information +to stderr, and the Windows console does not know how to redirect stderr +to a file\footnote{Well, NT and Win2k consoles know how to do that. But +the trick will work for any console.}. For diagnostic purposes you can +temporarily set an environment variable (in a \acro{DOS} box): + +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=err.log +\end{verbatim} +You can also set the debug level: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG=-1 +\end{verbatim} + +If you want to redirect stderr to stdout, which is not possible +Windows, then do: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=con: +\end{verbatim} +This way you can capture both stdout and stderr in the same file. + +\item Assuming the installation has been done in \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive|, check + the following values: \\ + {\small + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $SELFAUTOPARENT| & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMF| & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMFCNF| & + \path|.;c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/web2c;| \\ + & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/bin/win32;| \\ + & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/bin;| \\ + & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-var $TEXINPUTS| & \path|.;c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/tex//| + \end{tabular} +} +\item If you have other \TeX{}-related values already set in your + environment, please, remove them. They are overriding the ones in + texmf.cnf. +\item Check the values from:\\ +{\small + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \texttt{kpsewhich cmr10.tfm} & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm|\\ + \texttt{kpsewhich latex.fmt}& \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/web2c/latex.fmt| + \end{tabular} +} +\item At this point, if everything is correct, \TeX{} and friends + should work. If it is not the case, you will need to play with + the \path|-debug=n| option from \path|kpsewhich|, and check back all + the values. Try to identify and report the problem. +\end{itemize} + +\subsubsection{What to do if your setup still does not work as expected?} + +Here are several questions to investigate: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Is \file{tex.exe} in my \path|PATH|? + +\item Is the \path|TEXMFCNF| variable correctly set to +\path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf-var/web2c| (default value)? + +\item Are there any errors in the log file generated by the +\file{TeXSetup.exe} program? You can find this by searching for the +string \samp{Error}. + +\item Are there any relevant bug fixes at \url{http://tug.org/texlive/}? +(Unlikely, but it doesn't hurt to check.) + +\item Check the web pages at +\url{http://www.fptex.org/}, or consider subscribing to the \fpTeX{} +mailing list, via \url{http://tug.org/mailman/listinfo/fptex}. + +\end{enumerate} + + +The \TeXLive{} software consists of hundreds and programs and tens of +thousands of files, all from varying sources. So it is quite difficult to +predict all possible causes for problems. Nevertheless, we will do our +best to help you. (see section~\ref{sec:help} on p.~\pageref{sec:help}.) + + +\subsection{Compiling the source files} + +You have the whole set of source files, in the +\path|source/source.tar.bz2| archive available in the distribution together with +a patch file for Win32. To +be able to compile the whole distribution for Windows, you will need: + +\begin{itemize} +\item Windows 2K/XP +\item Microsoft Visual Studio .Net 2003 +\item a set of Unix tools (\texttt{sed}, + \texttt{grep}, \texttt{gawk}, etc.) and also Perl, Flex and Bison, +\item to adjust the paths in the + \path|win32/make/common.mak| file according to your installation +\item to adjust the paths in the Perl script file + \path|win32/perl/build.pl|, +\item run the compilation from the \path|mswin32/| directory using this + command: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\texlive\source\mswin32>perl ./perl/build.pl --install --log=install.log +\end{verbatim} +\end{itemize} + +There is a lot of work to do to make this process easier and cleaner. + +\subsection{Where to get more information} + +The Windows \TeX{} system included on \TeXLive{} is also known as +\fpTeX. The packaging differs, but \fpTeX{} is no more no less than the +current \TeXLive\ release for Windows. + +The \fpTeX{} home page is \url{http://www.fptex.org}. + +The current \fpTeX release is available from any \CTAN site in +\url{htp://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/systems/win32/fptex}. + +The main ftp site for \fpTeX\ is \url{ftp://ftp.dante.de/pub/fptex/} +from where beta versions of \fpTeX\ and additionnal tools are available. +This main site is (partially) mirrored daily by all \CTAN{} sites at +\path|systems/win32/fptex|. + +The \TeX{} Users Group is kindly hosting a mailing list dedicated to +\fpTeX. It is used for announcements, bug reports, enhancement requests, +and general discussion about \fpTeX. To subscribe, visit +\url{http://tug.org/mailman/listinfo/fptex}. The mailing list +address is \email{fptex@tug.org}. + + +\section{A user's guide to \protect\Webc{}} + +\Webc{} is an integrated collection of \TeX-related programs: \TeX{} +itself, \MF{}, \MP, \BibTeX{}, etc. It is the heart of \TeXLive{}. + +A bit of history: The original implementation was by Tomas Rokicki who, +in 1987, developed a first \TeX{}-to-C system adapting change files +under Unix, which were primarily the work of Howard Trickey and Pavel +Curtis. Tim Morgan became the maintainer of the system, and during this +period the name changed to Web-to-C\@. In 1990, Karl Berry took over +the work, assisted by dozens of additional contributors, and in 1997 he +handed the baton to Olaf Weber. + +The \Webc{} system runs on Unix, 32-bit Windows systems, \MacOSX{}, and +other operating systems. It uses Knuth's original sources for \TeX{} and +other basic programs written in \web{} and translates them into C source +code. The core \TeX{} programs are: + +\begin{cmddescription} +\item[bibtex] Maintaining bibliographies. +\item[dmp] \cmdname{troff} to MPX (\MP{} pictures). +\item[dvicopy] Expands virtual font references in \dvi{} files. +\item[dvitomp] \dvi{} to MPX (MetaPost pictures). +\item[dvitype] \dvi{} to human-readable text. +\item[gftodvi] Generic font proofsheets. +\item[gftopk] Generic to packed fonts. +\item[gftype] GF to human-readable text. +\item[makempx] \MP{} label typesetting. +\item[mf] Creating typeface families. +\item[mft] Prettyprinting \MF{} source. +\item[mpost] Creating technical diagrams. +\item[mpto] MetaPost label extraction. +\item[newer] Compare modification times. +\item[patgen] Creating hyphenation patterns. +\item[pktogf] Packed to generic fonts. +\item[pktype] PK to human-readable text. +\item[pltotf] Plain text property list to TFM. +\item[pooltype] Display \web{} pool files. +\item[tangle] \web{} to Pascal. +\item[tex] Typesetting. +\item[tftopl] TFM to plain text property list. +\item[vftovp] Virtual font to virtual property list. +\item[vptovf] Virtual property list to virtual font. +\item[weave] \web{} to \TeX. +\end{cmddescription} + +\noindent The precise functions and syntax of these programs are +described in the documentation of the individual packages and of \Webc{} +itself. However, knowing a few principles governing the whole family of +programs will help you take advantage of your \Webc{} installation. + +All programs honor these standard \acro{GNU} options: +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[-{}-help] print basic usage summary. +\item[-{}-verbose] print detailed progress report. +\item[-{}-version] print version information, then exit. +\end{ttdescription} + +For locating files the \Webc{} programs use the path searching library +\KPS{}. This library uses a combination of environment variables and a +configuration files to optimize searching the (huge) collection of +\TeX{} files. \Webc{} can look at more than one directory tree +simultaneously, which is useful in maintaining \TeX's standard +distribution and local extensions in two distinct trees. To speed up +file searches the root of each tree has a file \file{ls-R}, containing +an entry showing the name and relative pathname for all files under that +root. + +\subsection{\protect\KPS\ path searching} + +Let us first describe the generic path searching mechanism of the \KPS{} +library. + +We call a \emph{search path} a colon- or semicolon\hyph sepa\-rated list +of \emph{path elements}, which are basically directory names. A +search path can come from (a combination of) many sources. To look up +a file \samp{my-file} along a path \samp{.:/dir}, \KPS{} checks each +element of the path in turn: first \file{./my-file}, then +\file{/dir/my-file}, returning the first match (or possibly all +matches). + +In order to adapt optimally to all operating systems' conventions, on +non-Unix systems \KPS{} can use filename separators different from +colon (\samp{:}) and slash (\samp{/}). + +To check a particular path element \var{p}, \KPS{} first checks if a +prebuilt database (see ``Filename data\-base'' on +page~\pageref{Filename-database}) applies to \var{p}, i.e., if the database +is in a directory that is a prefix of \var{p}. If so, the path +specification is matched against the contents of the database. + +If the database does not exist, or does not apply to this path +element, or contains no matches, the filesystem is searched (if this +was not forbidden by a specification starting with \samp{!!}\ and if +the file being searched for must exist). \KPS{} constructs the list +of directories that correspond to this path element, and then checks +in each for the file being sought. + +The ``file must exist'' condition comes into play with \samp{.vf} files and +input files read by \TeX's \cs{openin} command. Such files may not +exist (e.g., \file{cmr10.vf}), and so it would be wrong to search the +disk for them. Therefore, if you fail to update \file{ls-R} when you +install a new \samp{.vf} file, it will never be found. +Each path element is checked in turn: first the database, then the +disk. If a match is found, the search stops and the result is +returned. + +Although the simplest and most common path element is a directory +name, \KPS{} supports additional features in search paths: layered +default values, environment variable names, config file values, users' +home directories, and recursive subdirectory searching. Thus, we say +that \KPS{} \emph{expands} a path element, meaning it transforms all +the specifications into basic directory name or names. This is +described in the following sections in the same order as it takes +place. + +Note that if the filename being searched for is absolute or explicitly +relative, i.e., starts with \samp{/} or \samp{./} or \samp{../}, +\KPS{} simply checks if that file exists. + +\ifSingleColumn +\else +\begin{figure*} +\verbatiminput{../examples/ex5.tex} +\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{0pt} + \caption{An illustrative configuration file sample} + \label{fig:config-sample} +\end{figure*} +\fi + +\subsubsection{Path sources} +\label{Path-sources} + +A search path can come from many sources. In the order in which +\KPS{} uses them: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item + A user-set environment variable, for instance, \envname{TEXINPUTS}\@. + Environment variables with a period and a program name appended + override; e.g., if \samp{latex} is the name of the program being run, + then \envname{TEXINPUTS.latex} will override \envname{TEXINPUTS}. +\item + A program-specific configuration file, for exam\-ple, a line + \samp{S /a:/b} in \cmdname{dvips}'s \file{config.ps}. +\item A \KPS{} configuration file \file{texmf.cnf}, containing a line like + \samp{TEXINPUTS=/c:/d} (see below). +\item The compile-time default. +\end{enumerate} +\noindent You can see each of these values for a given +search path by using the debugging options (see ``Debugging actions'' +on page~\pageref{Debugging}). + +\subsubsection{Config files} + +\begingroup\tolerance=3500 +\KPS{} reads \emph{runtime configuration files} named \file{texmf.cnf} +for search path and other definitions. The search path used to look +for these files is named \envname{TEXMFCNF} (by default such a file lives +in the \file{texmf/web2c} subdirectory). \emph{All} +\file{texmf.cnf} files in the search path will be read and definitions +in earlier files override those in later files. Thus, with a search +path of \verb|.:$TEXMF|, values from \file{./texmf.cnf} override those +from \verb|$TEXMF/texmf.cnf|. +\endgroup + +\begin{itemize} +\item + Comments start with \code{\%} and continue to the end of the line. +\item + Blank lines are ignored. +\item + A \bs{} at the end of a line acts as a continuation character, + i.e., the next line is appended. Whitespace at the beginning of + continuation lines is not ignored. +\item + Each remaining line has the form: +\begin{alltt} + \emph{variable}[.\emph{progname}] [=] \emph{value} +\end{alltt}% + where the \samp{=} and surrounding whitespace are optional. +\item + The \ttvar{variable} name may contain any character other + than whitespace, \samp{=}, or \samp{.}, but sticking to + \samp{A-Za-z\_} is safest. +\item + If \samp{.\var{progname}} is present, the definition only + applies if the program that is running is named + \texttt{\var{progname}} or \texttt{\var{progname}.exe}. This allows + different flavors of \TeX{} to have different search paths, for + example. +\item \var{value} may contain any characters except + \code{\%} and \samp{@}. The + \code{\$\var{var}.\var{prog}} feature is not available on the + right-hand side; instead, you must use an additional variable. A + \samp{;}\ in \var{value} is translated to \samp{:}\ if + running under Unix; this is useful to be able to have a single + \file{texmf.cnf} for Unix, \acro{MS-DOS} and Windows systems. +\item + All definitions are read before anything is expanded, so + variables can be referenced before they are defined. +\end{itemize} +A configuration file fragment illustrating most of these points is +\ifSingleColumn +shown below: + +\verbatiminput{../examples/ex5.tex} +\else +shown in Figure~\ref{fig:config-sample}. +\fi + +\subsubsection{Path expansion} +\label{Path-expansion} + + +\KPS{} recognizes certain special characters and constructions in +search paths, similar to those available in Unix shells. As a +general example, the complex path, +\verb+~$USER/{foo,bar}//baz+, expands to all subdirectories under +directories \file{foo} and \file{bar} in \texttt{\$USER}'s home +directory that contain a directory or file \file{baz}. These +expansions are explained in the sections below. +%$ +\subsubsection{Default expansion} +\label{Default-expansion} + +\tolerance=2500 +If the highest-priority search path (see ``Path sources'' on +page~\pageref{Path-sources}) contains an \emph{extra colon} (i.e., +leading, trailing, or doubled), \KPS{} inserts at that point the +next-highest-prio\-rity search path that is defined. If that inserted +path has an extra colon, the same happens with the next highest. For +example, given an environment variable setting + +\tolerance=1500 + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{setenv TEXINPUTS /home/karl:} +\end{alltt} +and a \code{TEXINPUTS} value from \file{texmf.cnf} of + +\begin{alltt} + .:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} +then the final value used for searching will be: + +\begin{alltt} + /home/karl:.:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} + +Since it would be useless to insert the default value in more than one +place, \KPS{} changes only one extra \samp{:}\ and leaves any others in +place: it checks first for a leading \samp{:}, then a trailing +\samp{:}, then a doubled \samp{:}. + +\subsubsection{Brace expansion} + +A useful feature is brace expansion, which means that, for instance, +\verb+v{a,b}w+ expands to \verb+vaw:vbw+. Nesting is allowed. +This can be used to implement multiple \TeX{} hierarchies, by +assigning a brace list to \code{\$TEXMF}. +For example, in \file{texmf.cnf}, you find +the following definition: +\begin{verbatim} + TEXMF = {$HOMETEXMF,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$VARTEXMF,!!$TEXMFMAIN} +\end{verbatim} +Using this you can then write something like +\begin{verbatim} + TEXINPUTS = .;$TEXMF/tex// +\end{verbatim} +%$ +which means that, after looking in the current directory, the +\code{\$HOMETEXMF/tex}, \code{\$TEXMFLOCAL/tex}, \code{\$VARTEXMF/tex} +and \code{\$TEXMFMAIN/tex} trees \emph{only}) will be searched (the +last two use using \file{ls-R} data base files). It is a convenient +way for running two parallel \TeX{} structures, one ``frozen'' (on a +\CD, for instance) and the other being continuously updated with new +versions as they become available. By using the \code{\$TEXMF} +variable in all definitions, one is sure to always search the +up-to-date tree first. + +\subsubsection{Subdirectory expansion} +\label{Subdirectory-expansion} + +Two or more consecutive slashes in a path element following a directory +\var{d} is replaced by all subdirectories of \var{d}: first those +subdirectories directly under \var{d}, then the subsubdirectories under +those, and so on. At each level, the order in which the directories are +searched is \emph{unspecified}. + +If you specify any filename components after the \samp{//}, only +subdirectories with matching components are included. For example, +\samp{/a//b} expands into directories \file{/a/1/b}, \file{/a/2/b}, +\file{/a/1/1/b}, and so on, but not \file{/a/b/c} or \file{/a/1}. + +Multiple \samp{//} constructs in a path are possible, but +\samp{//} at the beginning of a path is ignored. + +\subsubsection{List of special characters and their meaning: a summary} + +The following list summarises the meaning of special characters +in \KPS{} configuration files. + +\newcommand{\CODE}[1]{\makebox[2.5em][l]{\code{#1}}} +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\CODE{:}] Separator in path specification; at the beginning or + the end of a path it substitutes the default path expansion. +\item[\CODE{;}] Separator on non-Unix systems (acts like \code{:}). +\item[\CODE{\$}] Variable expansion. +\item[\CODE{\string~}] Represents the user's home directory. +\item[\CODE{\char`\{\dots\char`\}}] Brace expansion. +\item[\CODE{//}] Subdirectory expansion (can occur anywhere in + a path, except at its beginning). +\item[\CODE{\%}] Start of comment. +\item[\CODE{\bs}] Continuation character (allows multi-line entries). +\item[\CODE{!!}] Search \emph{only} database to locate file, \emph{do + not} search the disk. +\end{ttdescription} + + +\subsection{Filename databases} +\label{Filename-database} + +\KPS{} goes to some lengths to minimize disk accesses for searches. +Nevertheless, at installations with enough directories, searching each +possible directory for a given file can take an excessively long time +(this is especially true if many hundreds of font directories have to +be traversed.) Therefore, \KPS{} can use an externally-built plain text +``database'' file named \file{ls-R} that maps files to directories, +thus avoiding the need to exhaustively search the disk. + +A second database file \file{aliases} allows you to give additional +names to the files listed in \file{ls-R}. This can be helpful to +confirm to \acro{DOS} 8.3 filename conventions in source files. + +\subsubsection{The filename database} +\label{ls-R} + +As explained above, the name of the main filename database must be +\file{ls-R}. You can put one at the root of each \TeX{} hierarchy in +your installation that you wish to be searched (\code{\$TEXMF} by +default); most sites have only one hierarchy. \KPS{} looks for +\file{ls-R} files along the \code{TEXMFDBS} path. + +The recommended way to create and maintain \samp{ls-R} is to run the +\code{mktexlsr} script included with the distribution. It is invoked +by the various \samp{mktex}\dots\ scripts. In principle, this script +just runs the command +\begin{alltt} +cd \var{/your/texmf/root} && ls -LAR ./ >ls-R +\end{alltt} +presuming your system's \code{ls} produces the right output format +(\acro{GNU}'s \code{ls} is all right). To ensure that the database is always +up-to-date, it is easiest to rebuild it regularly via \code{cron}, so +that for changes in the installed files\Dash perhaps after installing or +updating a \LaTeX{} package\Dash the file \file{ls-R} is automatically +updated. + +If a file is not found in the database, by default \KPS{} goes ahead +and searches the disk. If a particular path element begins with +\samp{!!}, however, \emph{only} the database will be searched for that +element, never the disk. + + +\subsubsection{kpsewhich: Standalone path searching} +\label{Invoking-kpsewhich} + +The \texttt{kpsewhich} program exercises path searching independent of any +particular application. This can be useful as a sort of \code{find} +program to locate files in \TeX{} hierarchies (this is used heavily in +the distributed \samp{mktex}\dots\ scripts). + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich \var{option}\dots{} \var{filename}\dots{}} +\end{alltt} +The options specified in \ttvar{option} start with either \samp{-} +or \samp{-{}-}, and any unambiguous abbreviation is accepted. + +\KPS{} looks up each non-option argument on the command line as a +filename, and returns the first file found. There is no option to +return all the files with a particular name (you can run the Unix +\samp{find} utility for that). + +The more important options are described next. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{-{}-dpi=\var{num}}]\mbox{} + Set the resolution to \ttvar{num}; this only affects \samp{gf} + and \samp{pk} lookups. \samp{-D} is a synonym, for compatibility + with \cmdname{dvips}. Default is 600. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-format=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the format for lookup to \ttvar{name}. By default, the + format is guessed from the filename. For formats which do not have + an associated unambiguous suffix, such as \MP{} support files and + \cmdname{dvips} configuration files, you have to specify the name as + found in the first column of Table~\ref{tab:kpathsea}, which lists + currently recognized names, a description, possible file extensions, + and associated environment variables. +\end{ttdescription} + + +\def\KpathKey#1#2#3#4#5{% name, number, description, variables, + % suffixes +\SetRowColor#1 & #3 & #4 & #5\\} +\def\HEAD#1{\multicolumn{1}{l}{\emph{#1}}} +% +\begin{small} +% a footnoterule immediately under a bottom-of-page rule looks dead +% silly, so we suppress it +\renewcommand\footnoterule{\relax} +% +\begin{longtable}{@{}% + >{\ttfamily}P{.16\textwidth}% Col.1 + P{.3\textwidth}% Col 2 + >{\ttfamily\footnotesize}P{.29\textwidth}% Col 3 + >{\ttfamily}P{.14\textwidth}% Col 4 +@{}} +\caption{Kpathsea file types.}\label{tab:kpathsea}\\ +\emph{Name} & \HEAD{Description} & \HEAD{Variables} +& \HEAD{Suffixes}\\ +\hline +\endfirsthead +\multicolumn{3}{l}{Kpathsea file types \emph{continued}}\\ +\emph{Name} & \HEAD{Description} & \HEAD{Variables} +& \HEAD{Suffixes}\\ +\hline +\noalign{\vspace{2pt}} +\endhead +\mbox{}\\ +\hline +\endfoot +\KpathKey + {afm} + {4} + {Adobe font metrics} + {AFMFONTS} + {.afm} +\KpathKey + {base} + {5} + {Metafont memory dump} + {MFBASES, TEXMFINI} + {.base} +\KpathKey + {bib} + {6} + {\BibTeX{} bibliography source} + {BIBINPUTS, TEXBIB} + {.bib} +\KpathKey + {} + {2} + {bitmap fonts} + {GLYPHFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {bst} + {7} + {\BibTeX{} style files} + {BSTINPUTS} + {.bst} +\KpathKey + {cnf} + {8} + {Runtime configuration files} + {TEXMFCNF} + {.cnf} +\KpathKey + {dvips config} + {34} + {\textsf{dvips} configuration files, e.g., \file{config.ps} + and \file{psfonts.map}} + {TEXCONFIG} + {.map} +\KpathKey + {fmt} + {10} + {\TeX{} memory dump} + {TEXFORMATS, TEXMFINI} + {.fmt, .efmt, .efm} +\KpathKey + {gf} + {0} + {generic font bitmap} + {GFFONTS} + {.gf} +\KpathKey + {graphic/figure} + {25} + {Encapsulated \PS{} figures} + {TEXPICTS, TEXINPUTS} + {.eps, .epsi} +\KpathKey + {ist} + {35} + {\textsf{makeindex} style files} + {TEXINDEXSTYLE, INDEXSTYLE} + {.ist} +\KpathKey + {ls-R} + {9} + {Filename databases} + {TEXMFDBS} + {} +\KpathKey + {map} + {11} + {Fontmaps} + {TEXFONTMAPS} + {.map} +\KpathKey + {mem} + {12} + {MetaPost memory dump} + {MPMEMS, TEXMFINI} + {.mem} +\KpathKey + {mf} + {13} + {Metafont source} + {MFINPUTS} + {.mf} +\KpathKey + {mfpool} + {14} + {Metafont program strings} + {MFPOOL, TEXMFINI} + {.pool} +\KpathKey + {mft} + {15} + {MFT style file} + {MFTINPUTS} + {.mft} +\KpathKey + {} + {41} + {miscellaneous fonts} + {MISCFONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {mp} + {16} + {MetaPost source} + {MPINPUTS} + {.mp} +\KpathKey + {mppool} + {17} + {MetaPost program strings} + {MPPOOL, TEXMFINI} + {.pool} +\KpathKey + {MetaPost support} + {18} + {MetaPost support files, used by DMP} + {MPSUPPORT} + {} +\KpathKey + {ocp} + {19} + {\OMEGA{} compiled process files} + {OCPINPUTS} + {.ocp} +\KpathKey + {ofm} + {20} + {\OMEGA{} font metrics} + {OFMFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.ofm, .tfm} +\KpathKey + {opl} + {21} + {\OMEGA{} property lists} + {OPLFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.opl} +\KpathKey + {otp} + {22} + {\OMEGA{} translation process files} + {OTPINPUTS} + {.otp} +\KpathKey + {ovf} + {23} + {\OMEGA{} virtual fonts} + {OVFFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.ovf} +\KpathKey + {ovp} + {24} + {\OMEGA{} virtual property lists} + {OVPFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.ovp} +\KpathKey + {pk} + {1} + {packed bitmap fonts} + {\emph{program}FONTS \textrm{(\texttt{\emph{program}} being + \textsmaller{\cmdname{XDVI}}, + etc.)}, PKFONTS, TEXPKS, GLYPHFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.pk} +\KpathKey + {\PS{} header} + {30} + {downloadable \PS{}} + {TEXPSHEADERS, PSHEADERS} + {.pro, .enc} +\KpathKey + {tex} + {26} + {\TeX{} source} + {TEXINPUTS} + {.tex, .cls, .sty, .clo, .def} +\KpathKey + {TeX system documentation} + {27} + {Documentation files for the \TeX{} system} + {TEXDOCS} + {} +\KpathKey + {TeX system sources} + {29} + {Source files for the \TeX{} system} + {TEXSOURCES} + {} +\KpathKey + {texpool} + {28} + {\TeX{} program strings} + {TEXPOOL, TEXMFINI} + {.pool} +\KpathKey + {tfm} + {3} + {\TeX{} font metrics} + {TFMFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.tfm} +\KpathKey + {Troff fonts} + {31} + {Troff fonts, used by DMP} + {TRFONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {truetype fonts} + {36} + {TrueType outline fonts} + {TTFONTS} + {.ttf, .ttc} +\KpathKey + {Type~1 fonts} + {32} + {Type 1 \PS{} outline fonts} + {T1FONTS, T1INPUTS, TEXPSHEADERS, DVIPSHEADERS} + {.pfa, .pfb} +\KpathKey + {type42 fonts} + {37} + {Type 42 \PS{} outline fonts} + {T42FONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {vf} + {33} + {virtual fonts} + {VFFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.vf} +\KpathKey + {web2c files} + {38} + {\Webc{} support files} + {WEB2C} + {} +\KpathKey + {other text files} + {39} + {text files used by `\textsf{foo}'} + {FOOINPUTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {other binary files} + {40} + {binary files used by `\textsf{foo}'} + {FOOINPUTS} + {} +\end{longtable} +\end{small} + + +\begin{multicols}{2} + + The last two entries in Table~\ref{tab:kpathsea} are special + cases, where the paths and environment variables depend on the name + of the program: the variable name is constructed by converting the + program name to upper case, and then appending \texttt{INPUTS}. + + The environment variables are set by default in the configuration + file \file{texmf.cnf}. It is only when you want to override one or + more of the values specified in that file that you might want to set + them explicitly in your execution environment. + + The \samp{-{}-format} and \samp{-{}-path} options are mutually + exclusive. + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item[\texttt{-{}-mode=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the mode name to \ttvar{string}; this only affects \samp{gf} + and \samp{pk} lookups. No default: any mode will be found. +\item[\texttt{-{}-must-exist}]\mbox{}\\ + Do everything possible to find the files, notably including + searching the disk. By default, only the \file{ls-R} database is + checked, in the interest of efficiency. +\item[\texttt{-{}-path=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Search along the path \ttvar{string} (colon-separated as usual), + instead of guessing the search path from the filename. \samp{//} and + all the usual expansions are supported. The options \samp{-{}-path} + and \samp{-{}-format} are mutually exclusive. +\item[\texttt{-{}-progname=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the program name to \texttt{\var{name}}. + This can affect the search paths via the \texttt{.\var{progname}} + feature. + The default is \cmdname{kpsewhich}. +\item[\texttt{-{}-show-path=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + shows the path used for file lookups of file type \texttt{\var{name}}. + Either a filename extension (\code{.pk}, \code{.vf}, etc.) or a + name can be used, just as with \samp{-{}-format} option. +\item[\texttt{-{}-debug=\var{num}}]\mbox{}\\ + sets the debugging options to \texttt{\var{num}}. +\end{ttdescription} + + +\subsubsection{Examples of use} +\label{SExamplesofuse} + +Let us now have a look at \KPS{} in action. Here's a straightforward search: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich article.cls} +/usr/local/texmf/tex/latex/base/article.cls +\end{alltt} +We are looking for the file \file{article.cls}. Since the \samp{.cls} +suffix is unambiguous we do not need to specify that we want to look for a +file of type \optname{tex} (\TeX{} source file directories). We find it in +the subdirectory \file{tex/latex/base} below the \samp{TEXMF} root +directory. Similarly, all of the following are found without problems +thanks to their unambiguous suffix. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich array.sty} + /usr/local/texmf/tex/latex/tools/array.sty +> \Ucom{kpsewhich latin1.def} + /usr/local/texmf/tex/latex/base/latin1.def +> \Ucom{kpsewhich size10.clo} + /usr/local/texmf/tex/latex/base/size10.clo +> \Ucom{kpsewhich small2e.tex} + /usr/local/texmf/tex/latex/base/small2e.tex +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tugboat.bib} + /usr/local/texmf/bibtex/bib/beebe/tugboat.bib +\end{alltt} + +The latter is a \BibTeX{} bibliography database for \textsl{TUGBoat} articles. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich cmr10.pk} +\end{alltt} +Font bitmap glyph files of type \file{.pk} are used by display +programs like \cmdname{dvips} and \cmdname{xdvi}. Nothing is returned in +this case since there are no pre-generated Computer Modern \samp{.pk} +files on our system (since we use the Type~1 versions included in \TeXLive{}). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich ecrm1000.pk} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf/fonts/pk/ljfour/jknappen/ec/ecrm1000.600pk +\else +/usr/local/texmf/fonts/pk/ljfour/jknappen/ +... ec/ecrm1000.600pk +\fi\end{alltt} +For the extended Computer Modern files we had to generate \samp{.pk} +files, and since the default \MF{} mode on our installation is +\texttt{ljfour} with a base resolution of 600\dpi{} (dots per inch), +this instantiation is returned. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich -dpi=300 ecrm1000.pk} +\end{alltt} +In this case, when specifying that we are interested in a resolution +of 300\dpi{} (\texttt{-dpi=300}) we see that no such font is available on +the system. In fact, a program like \cmdname{dvips} or \cmdname{xdvi} would +go off and actually build the \texttt{.pk} files at the required +resolution using the script \cmdname{mktexpk}. + +Next we turn our attention to \cmdname{dvips}'s header and configuration +files. We first look at one of the commonly used files, the general +prolog \file{tex.pro} for \TeX{} support, before turning our attention +to the generic configuration file (\file{config.ps}) and the +\PS{} font map \file{psfonts.map}. As the \samp{.ps} suffix is +ambiguous we have to specify explicitly which type we are considering +(\optname{dvips config}) for the file \texttt{config.ps}. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tex.pro} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/tex.pro +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.ps} + /usr/local/texmf/config/config.ps +> \Ucom{kpsewhich psfonts.map} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/psfonts.map +\end{alltt} + +We now take a closer look at the \acro{URW} Times \PS{} support +files. The prefix for these in the standard font naming scheme is +\samp{utm}. The first file we look at is the configuration file, +which contains the name of the map file: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.utm} +/usr/local/texmf/dvips/psnfss/config.utm +\end{alltt} +The contents of that file is +\begin{alltt} + p +utm.map +\end{alltt} +which points to the file \file{utm.map}, which we want to +locate next. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" utm.map} +/usr/local/texmf/dvips/psnfss/utm.map +\end{alltt} +This map file defines the file names of the Type~1 \PS{} fonts in +the URW collection. Its contents look like (we only show part of the +lines): +\begin{alltt} +utmb8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb +utmbi8r NimbusRomNo9L-MediItal... <utmbi8a.pfb +utmr8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +utmri8r NimbusRomNo9L-ReguItal... <utmri8a.pfb +utmbo8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb +utmro8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +\end{alltt} +Let us, for instance, take the Times Roman instance +\file{utmr8a.pfb} and find its position in the \file{texmf} directory +tree with a search for Type~1 font files: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utmr8a.pfb} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/urw/utm/utmr8a.pfb +\else /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/ +...urw/utm/utmr8a.pfb +\fi\end{alltt} + +It should be evident from these few examples how you can easily locate +the whereabouts of a given file. This is especially important if you +suspect that the wrong version of a file is picked up somehow, since +\cmdname{kpsewhich} will show you the first file encountered. + +\subsubsection{Debugging actions} +\label{Debugging} + +Sometimes it is necessary to investigate how a program resolves file +references. To make this practical, \KPS{} offers various levels of +debugging output: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{\ 1}] \texttt{stat} calls (disk lookups). When running + with an up-to-date \file{ls-R} database this should almost give no + output. +\item[\texttt{\ 2}] References to hash tables (such as the \file{ls-R} + database, map files, configuration files). +\item[\texttt{\ 4}] File open and close operations. +\item[\texttt{\ 8}] General path information for file types + searched by \KPS. This is useful to find out where a particular + path for the file was defined. +\item[\texttt{16}] Directory list for each path element (only relevant + for searches on disk). +\item[\texttt{32}] File searches. +\end{ttdescription} +A value of \texttt{-1} will set all the above options; in practice, +this is usually the most convenient value touse. + +Similarly, with the \cmdname{dvips} program, by setting a combination of +debug switches, one can follow in detail where files are being picked up +from. Alternatively, when a file is not found, the debug trace shows in +which directories the program looks for the given file, so that one can +get an indication what the problem~is. + +Generally speaking, as most programs call the \KPS{} library +internally, one can select a debug option by using the +\envname{KPATHSEA\_DEBUG} environment variable, and setting it to (a +combination of) values as described in the above list. + +(Note for Windows users: it is not easy to redirect +all messages to a file in this system. For diagnostic purposes +you can temporarily \texttt{SET KPATHSEA\_DEBUG\_OUTPUT=err.log}). + +Let us consider, as an example, a small \LaTeX{} source file, +\file{hello-world.tex}, which contains the following input. +\begin{verbatim} + \documentclass{article} + \begin{document} + Hello World! + \end{document} +\end{verbatim} +This little file only uses the font \file{cmr10}, so let us look +how \cmdname{dvips} prepares the \PS{} file (we want to use the Type~1 +version of the Computer Modern fonts, hence the option \texttt{-Pcms}). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips -d4100 hello-world -Pcms -o} +\end{alltt} +In this case we have combined \cmdname{dvips}'s debug class 4 (font +paths) with \KPS's path element expansion (see \cmdname{dvips} Reference +Manual, \OnCD{texmf/doc/html/dvips/dvips_toc.html}). +The output (slightly rearranged) appears in +Figure~\ref{fig:dvipsdbga}. +\begin{figure*}[tp] +\centering +\input{../examples/ex6a.tex} +\caption{Finding configuration files}\label{fig:dvipsdbga} + +\bigskip + +\input{../examples/ex6b.tex} +\caption{Finding the prolog file}\label{fig:dvipsdbgb} + +\bigskip + +\input{../examples/ex6c.tex} +\caption{Finding the font file}\label{fig:dvipsdbgc} +\end{figure*} + +\cmdname{dvips} starts by locating its working files. First, +\file{texmf.cnf} is found, which gives the definitions of the search +paths for the other files, then the file database \file{ls-R} (to +optimize file searching) and the file \file{aliases}, which makes it +possible to declare several names (e.g., a short \acro{DOS}-like 8.3 and +a more natural longer version) for the same file. Then \cmdname{dvips} +goes on to find the generic configuration file \file{config.ps} +before looking for the customization file \file{.dvipsrc} (which, in +this case is \emph{not found}). Finally, \cmdname{dvips} locates the +config file for the Computer Modern \PS{} fonts \file{config.cms} +(this was initiated with the \texttt{-Pcms} option on the \cmdname{dvips} +command). This file contains the list of the map files which +define the relation between the \TeX{}, \PS{} and file system +names of the fonts. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{more /usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms} + p +ams.map + p +cms.map + p +cmbkm.map + p +amsbkm.map +\end{alltt} +\cmdname{dvips} thus goes on to find all these files, plus the generic +map file \file{psfonts.map}, which is always loaded (it contains +declarations for commonly used \PS{} fonts; see the last part of +Section \ref{SExamplesofuse} for more details about \PS{} map +file handling). + +At this point \cmdname{dvips} identifies itself to the user: +\begin{alltt} +This is dvips(k) 5.92b Copyright 2002 Radical Eye Software (www.radicaleye.com) +\end{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn +Then it goes on to look for the prolog file \file{texc.pro}: +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(texc.pro) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro +\end{alltt} +\else +Then it goes on to look for the prolog file \file{texc.pro} (see +Figure~\ref{fig:dvipsdbgb}). +\fi + +After having found the file in question, \cmdname{dvips} outputs +date and time, and informs us that it will generate the +file \file{hello-world.ps}, then that it needs the font file +\file{cmr10}, and that the latter is declared as ``resident'' (no +bitmaps needed): +\begin{alltt}\small +TeX output 1998.02.26:1204' -> hello-world.ps +Defining font () cmr10 at 10.0pt +Font cmr10 <CMR10> is resident. +\end{alltt} +Now the search is on for the file \file{cmr10.tfm}, which is found, +then a few more prolog files (not shown) are referenced, and finally +the Type~1 instance \file{cmr10.pfb} of the font is located and +included in the output file (see last line). +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm, must\_exist=1, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//: + /var/tex/fonts/tfm//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm +kdebug:start search(file=texps.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + ... +<texps.pro> +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.pfb, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb +<cmr10.pfb>[1] +\end{alltt} + +\subsection{Runtime options} + +Another useful feature of \Webc{} is its possibility to control a number +of memory parameters (in particular, array sizes) via the runtime file +\file{texmf.cnf} read by \KPS{}. The memory settings can be found in +Part 3 of that file in the \TeXLive{} distribution. The more important +are: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{main\_memory}] + Total words of memory available, for + \TeX{}, \MF{} and \MP. You must make a new format file for each + different setting. For instance, you could generate a ``huge'' + version of \TeX{}, and call the format file \texttt{hugetex.fmt}. + Using the standard way of specifying the program name used by \KPS{}, + the particular value of the \texttt{main\_memory} variable will then + be read from \file{texmf.cnf} (compare the generic value + and the huge one instantiated by \texttt{hugetex}, + etc.). +\item[\texttt{extra\_mem\_bot}] + Extra space for ``large'' \TeX{} data structures: + boxes, glue, breakpoints, etc. Especially useful if you use + \PiCTeX{}. +\item[\texttt{font\_mem\_size}] + Number of words for font information available for \TeX. This + is more or less the total size of all TFM files read. +\item[\texttt{hash\_extra}] + Additional space for the hash table of control sequence names. + Approximately 10,000 control sequences can be stored in the main + hash table; if you have a large book with numerous cross-references, + this might not be enough. You can see that both the + \cmdname{hugetex} and \cmdname{pdflatex} program invocations ask for + an extra 15,000 control sequences (the default value of + \texttt{hash\_extra} is zero). +\end{ttdescription} + +\noindent Of course, this facility is no substitute for truly dynamic +arrays and memory allocation, but since this is extremely difficult to +implement in the present \TeX{} source, these runtime parameters provide +a practical compromise allowing some flexibility. + + +\section{Building on a new Unix platform} + +If you have a platform for which we have not created executables, you +will need to compile \TeX{} and friends from scratch. This is not as +hard as it sounds. What you need is all in the directory \texttt{source} +in the distribution. + +\subsection{Prerequisites} + +You will need at least 100 megabytes of disk space to compile all of +\TeX{} and its support programs. You'll also need an \acro{ANSI} C +compiler, a \cmdname{make} utility, a lexical scanner, and a parser +generator. We recommend the \acro{GNU} version of these programs +(\cmdname{gcc}, \acro{GNU} \cmdname{make}, \cmdname{m4}, \cmdname{flex}, +\cmdname{bison}). You may be able to work with other C compilers and +\cmdname{make} programs, but you will need a good understanding of +building Unix programs to sort out problems. + +Also, the command \texttt{uname} must return a sensible value. + + +\subsection{Configuration} + +To begin, perform a normal installation of \TeXLive{} to your disk (see +section~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} on +p.~\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk}). You may wish to skip installing +any of the prebuilt binaries. + +Then, unpack the source from the compressed \texttt{tar} file in the +directory \dirname{source} to your disk and change directory to where +you placed it. + +Next, run \cmdname{configure} with a command line like this: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh configure -prefix=/usr/local/TeX} +\end{alltt} + +The \optname{-prefix} directory is the one where you installed the +support tree; the directory layout will be as follows (where \$TEXDIR +stands for the directory you chose): + +\noindent +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll@{}} + \dirname{$TEXDIR/share/texmf} & main tree with fonts,\\ + & \qquad macros, etc\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/man} & Unix manual pages\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/info} & \acro{GNU} style Info manuals\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin/$PLATFORM} & binaries\\ +\end{tabular} +%$ + +If you want to leave out the \dirname{$PLATFORM} directory level, +i.e., put the binaries directly into \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin}, specify +the \verb|--disable-multiplatform| option to \cmdname{configure}. + +Have a look at the output of \verb|./configure --help| for more +options you can use. For example, you can skip building of \OMEGA{} and +\eTeX{}. + + +\subsection{Running \cmdname{make}} + +Make sure the shell variable or option \texttt{noclobber} is not set. +Then, run the main \cmdname{make} like this: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make world} +\end{alltt} +and relax\ldots + +Alternatively, you want to log all the output, as in: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh -c "make world >world.log 2>\&1" \&} +\end{alltt} + +Before you believe that everything went ok, please check the log file +for errors: \acro{GNU} \cmdname{make} always uses the string \samp{***} +whenever a command fails. Also, check if all the programs were built: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd \emph{TEXDIR}/bin/\emph{archname}} +> \Ucom{ls | wc} +\end{alltt} +The result should be over 200 (you can check the exact number with the +\dirname{bin} directory contents in the distribution). + +If you need special privileges for \texttt{make install}, you can +separate the \samp{make world} into two different runs, like this: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make all} +> \Ucom{su} +> \Ucom{make install strip} +\end{alltt} + +After you've installed your new binaries, you should follow the normal +post-installation procedures, given in section~\ref{sec:postinstall} +on p.~\pageref{sec:postinstall}. + + +\section{Last words} + +This edition of \TeXLive{} is edited by Sebastian Rahtz, with the major +contributors being Fabrice Popineau, who has worked away unceasingly at +the Windows part of the package (especially the setup!)\ and contributed +in many different ways with ideas, advice and code, and Staszek +Wawrykiewicz, who provided great testing feedback, and co-ordinated the +Polish contributions. + +Kaja Christiansen performed a vital role in endless recompilations on +assorted Unix platforms. Vladimir Volovich did great work on cleaning +the source and making other improvements, while Gerben Wierda did all +the work for \MacOSX. + +\subsection{Acknowledgements} + +\TeXLive{} is a joint effort by virtually all \TeX{} Users Groups. In +particular, we are very grateful for past and present help from: + +\begin{itemize} + +\item The German-speaking \TeX{} Users (\acro{DANTE} e.V.), who provide +the hardware the \TeXLive{} source repository; and Rainer Sch\"opf and +Reinhard Zierke who look after it. \acro{DANTE} president Volker Schaa +coordinated production with the Lehmann's Bookstore +(\url{http://www.lob.de}). + +\item The Perforce corporation (\url{http://www.perforce.com}), for providing +a free copy of their excellent change management system, which we use to +manage. + +\item Karl Berry, who provided the original \Webc{} distribution, and +has continued to give invaluable advice, encouragement, and help. + +\item Mimi Burbank, who arranged access at the Florida State University +School of Computational Science and Information Technology to a slew of +different computers to compile \TeX{} on, and acted as an essential +guinea-pig whenever asked. + +\item Thomas Esser, without whose marvellous \teTeX{} package \TeXLive{} +would certainly not exist, and whose continual help makes it a better +product. + +\item Michel Goossens, who co-authored the documentation. + +\item Eitan Gurari, whose \TeX4ht was used to create the \HTML{} +version of this documentation, and who worked tirelessly to improve +it at short notice. + +\item Petr Olsak, who coordinated and checked all the Czech and Slovak +material very carefully. + +\item Olaf Weber, for his patient assembly and maintenance of Web2c. + +\item Graham Williams, on whose work the catalogue of packages depends. + +\end{itemize} + +In addition, Gerhard Wilhelms, Volker Schaa, Fabrice Popineau, Janka +Chleb\'\i{}kov\'a, Staszek Wawrykiewicz, Erik Frambach, and Ulrik Vieth +kindly translated documentation at various times into their respective +languages, checked other documentation, and provided very welcome +feedback. + + +\subsection{Release history} +\label{sec:history} + +Discussion began in late 1993 when the Dutch \TeX{} Users Group was +starting work on its 4All\TeX{} \CD{} for \acro{MS-DOS} users, and it +was hoped at that time to issue a single, rational, \CD{} for all +systems. This was too ambitious a target for the time, but it did spawn +not only the very successful 4All\TeX{} \CD{}, but also the \acro{TUG} +Technical Council working group on a \emph{\TeX{} Directory Structure} +(\url{http://tug.org/tds}), which specified how to create consistent and +manageable collections of \TeX{} support files. A complete draft of the +\TDS{} was published in the December 1995 issue of \textsl{TUGboat}, and +it was clear from an early stage that one desirable product would be a +model structure on \CD{}. The distribution you now have is a very direct +result of the working group's deliberations. It was also clear that the +success of the 4All\TeX{} \CD{} showed that Unix users would benefit +from a similarly easy system, and this is the other main strand of +\TeXLive. + +We first undertook to make a new Unix-based \TDS{} \CD{} in the autumn +of 1995, and quickly identified Thomas Esser's \teTeX{} as the ideal +setup, as it already had multi-platform support and was built with +portability across file systems in mind. Thomas agreed to help, and work +began seriously at the start of 1996. The first edition was released in +May 1996. At the start of 1997, Karl Berry completed a major new release +of Web2c, which included nearly all the features which Thomas Esser had +added in \teTeX, and we decided to base the 2nd edition of the \CD{} on +the standard \Webc, with the addition of \teTeX's \texttt{texconfig} +script. The 3rd edition of the \CD{} was based on a major revision of +\Webc, 7.2, by Olaf Weber; at the same time, a new revision of \teTeX +was being made, and \TeXLive{} included almost all of its features. The +4th edition followed the same pattern, using a new version of \teTeX, +and a new release of \Webc{} (7.3). The system now included a complete +Windows setup. + +For the 5th edition (March 2000) many parts of the \CD{} were revised +and checked, updating hundreds of packages. Package details were stored +in XML files. But the major change for \TeX\ Live 5 was that all +non-free software was removed. Everything in \TeXLive{} is now intended +to be compatible with the Debian Free Software Guidelines +(\url{http://www.debian.org/intro/free}); we have done our best to check +the license conditions of all packages, but we would very much +appreciate hearing of any mistakes. + +The 6th edition (July 2001) had much more material updated. The major +change was a new install concept: the user could select a more exact set +of needed collections. Language-related collections were completely +reorganized, so selecting any of them installs not only macros, fonts, +etc., but also prepares an appropriate \texttt{language.dat}. + +The 7th edition of 2002 had the notable addition of \MacOSX{} support, +and the usual myriad of updates to all sorts of packages and +programs. An important goal was integration of the source back with +\teTeX, to correct the drift apart in versions~5 and~6. + +In 2003, with the continuing flood of updates and additions, we found +that \TeXLive{} had grown so large it could no longer be contained on a +single \CD, so we split it into three different distributions (see +section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} on p.~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). In +addition: + +\begin{itemize} +\item At the request of the \LaTeX{} team, we changed the standard + \cmdname{latex} and \cmdname{pdflatex} commands to now use \eTeX{} (see + p.~\pageref{text:etex}). +\item The new Latin Modern fonts were included (and are recommended). +\item Support for Alpha \acro{OSF} was removed + (\acro{HPUX} support was removed previously), since no one had (or + volunteered) hardware available on which to compile new binaries. +\item Windows setup was substantially changed; for the first time + an integrated environment based on XEmacs was introduced. +\item Important supplementary programs for Windows + (Perl, Ghost\-script, Image\-Magick, Ispell) are now installed + in the \TeXLive{} installation directory. +\item Font map files used by \cmdname{dvips}, \cmdname{dvipdfm} + and \cmdname{pdftex} are now generated by the new program + \cmdname{updmap} and installed into \dirname{texmf/fonts/map}. +\item \TeX{}, \MF{}, and \MP{} now, by default, output 8-bit input + characters as themselves in output (e.g., \verb|\write|) files, + log files, and the terminal, i.e., \emph{not} translated using the + \verb|^^| notation. In \TeXLive{}~7, this translation was + dependent on the system locale settings; now, locale settings do + not influence the \TeX{} programs' behavior. If for some reason + you need the \verb|^^| output, rename the file + \verb|texmf/web2c/cp8bit.tcx|. (Future releases will have cleaner + ways to control this.) +\item This documentation was substantially revised. +\item Finally, since the edition numbers had grown unwieldy, + the version is now simply identified by the year: \TeXLive{} 2003. +\end{itemize} + + +\subsection{Future releases} + +\emph{\TeXLive{} is not perfect!} (And never will be.) We intend to +continue to release new versions yearly, and would like to provide more +help material, more utilities, more installation programs, and (of +course) an ever-improved and checked tree of macros and fonts. This work +is all done by hard-pressed volunteers in their limited spare time, and +a great deal remains to be done. If you can help, don't hesitate to put +your name forward! + +Please send corrections, suggestions, and offers of help to:\hfill\null +\begin{quote} +Sebastian Rahtz \ / \ 7 Stratfield Road \ / \ Oxford OX2 7BG \ / \ UK \\ +\email{tex-live@tug.org} \\ +\url{http://tug.org/texlive} +\end{quote} + +\medskip +\noindent \textsl{Happy \TeX'ing!} + +\end{multicols} +\end{document} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live-2004.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live-2004.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..81fa5d22c20 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live-2004.tex @@ -0,0 +1,3854 @@ +% $Id: //depot/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/live.tex#19 $ $Author: karl $ $Date: 2005/05/14 $ +% TeX Live documentation. Originally written by Sebastian Rahtz and +% Michel Goossens, now maintained by Karl Berry and others. +% Public domain. +% +\documentclass{article} +\let\tldocenglish=1 % for live4ht.cfg +\usepackage{tex-live} +\begin{document} + +\title{% + {\huge \textit{The \protect\TL{} Guide}\\\strut} + {\LARGE \textsf{\TK{} 2004}} +} + +\author{Sebastian Rahtz \& Karl Berry, editors \\[3mm] + \url{http://tug.org/texlive/} + } + +\date{November 2004} + +\maketitle + +\begin{multicols}{2} +\tableofcontents +\listoftables +\end{multicols} + +\section{Introduction} +\label{sec:intro} + +This document describes the main features of the \TL{} software +distribution\Dash a \TeX{} and \LaTeX{} distribution for Linux and other +Unix flavors, \MacOSX, and (32-bit) Windows systems. (Warning: it is +not especially useful for older Mac or \acro{MS-DOS} systems.) + +\TL{} includes precompiled binaries for \TeX{}, \LaTeXe{}, \MF, \MP, +\BibTeX{} and many other programs; an extensive collection of macros, +fonts and documentation; and support for typesetting in many different +scripts from around the world. It is part of the even larger \TK{} +(briefly described below in section~\ref{sec:struct-tl}, +\p.\pageref{sec:struct-tl}), a cooperative effort by the \TeX\ user +groups. + +For newer versions of the packages included here, please check +\acro{CTAN}: \url{http://www.ctan.org} + +For a brief summary of the major changes in this edition of \TL{}, +see section~\ref{sec:history} (\p.\pageref{sec:history}). + + +\subsection{Basic usage of \protect\TL{}} +\label{sec:basic} + +You can use \TL{} in three principal ways: + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item You can run \TL{} directly from the \DVD +(see section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, \p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). +This takes almost no disk space, as you might expect, and gives you +immediate access to everything in \TL{}. Of course performance +will be worse than running on local disk, but you may well find it +acceptable. + +\item You can install all or part of \TL{} to a local disk. This +is the most common use of \TL. You will need (approximately) a +minimum of 100 megabytes, 310 megabytes for a recommended system, and +730 megabytes for a full system. + +\item You can integrate a particular package or collection into your +existing \TeX{} system, either a \TL{} system you installed +earlier, or a different system. + +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent All of these are described in detail in the \acro{OS}-specific +installation sections following, but here is a quick start: + +\begin{itemize*} + +\item The main installation script for Unix and \MacOSX{} is +\texttt{install-tl.sh}; + +\item The single package installation script is \texttt{install-pkg.sh}. + +\item Unfortunately, this version of \TL{} has no Windows installer, due +to technical difficulties. See section~\ref{sec:win-install} below +for more information. + +\end{itemize*} + + +\subsection{Getting help} +\label{sec:help} + +The \TeX{} community is both active and friendly, and virtually all +serious questions end up getting answered. However, the support is +informal, done by volunteers and casual readers, so it's especially +important that you do your homework before asking. (If you prefer +guaranteed commercial support, you can forego \TL{} completely and +purchase a vendor's system; \url{http://tug.org/interest.html#vendors} +has a list.) + +Here is a list of resources, approximately in the order we recommend +using them: + +\begin{description} +\item [Getting Started] If you are new to \TeX, the web page +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html} gives a brief introduction to the system. + +\item [\TeX{} \acro{FAQ}] The \TeX{} \acro{FAQ} is a huge compendium of +answers to all sorts of questions, from the most basic to the most +arcane. It is included on \TL{} in \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en}, and is +available on the Internet through \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq}. +Please check here first. + +\item [\TeX{} Catalogue] If you are looking for a specific package, +font, program, etc., the \TeX{} Catalogue is the place to look. It is a +huge list of all \TeX{}-related items. See +\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/catalogue}, or +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue}. + +\item [\TeX{} Web Resources] The web page +\url{http://tug.org/interest.html} has many \TeX{}-related links, in +particular for numerous books, manuals, and articles on all aspects of +the system. + +\item [support archives] The two principal support forums are the +Usenet newsgroup \url{news:comp.text.tex} and the mailing list +\email{texhax@tug.org}. Their archives have years of past +questions and answers for your searching pleasure, via +\url{http://groups.google.com/groups?group=comp.text.tex} and +\url{http://tug.org/mail-archives/texhax}, respectively. And a general web +search, for example on \url{http://google.com}, never hurts. + +\item [asking questions] If you cannot find an answer, you can post to +\dirname{comp.text.tex} through Google or your newsreader, or to +\email{texhax@tug.org} through email. But before you post, +\emph{please} read this \acro{FAQ} entry for advice on asking questions +in such a way that you're most likely to get an answer: +\url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=askquestion}. + +\item [\TL{} support] If you want to report a bug or have +suggestions or comments on the \TL{} distribution, installation, or +documentation, the mailing list is \email{tex-live@tug.org}. However, +if your question is about how to use a particular program included in +\TL{}, you are better off writing to that program's maintainer or +mailing list. + +\end{description} + +The other side of the coin is helping others who have questions. Both +\dirname{comp.text.tex} and \code{texhax} are open to anyone, so feel +free to join, start reading, and help out where you can. Welcome to +\TeX{}! + + +% don't use \TL so the \uppercase in the headline works. Also so +% tex4ht ends up with the right TeX. Likewise the \protect's. +\section{Structure of \protect\TeX\protect\ Live} +\label{sec:struct-tl} + +This section describes the structure and contents of \TL{} and the +\TK{} of which it is a part. + +\subsection{Multiple distributions: \protect\pkgname{live}, + \protect\pkgname{inst}, + \protect\pkgname{protext}} +\label{sec:multiple-dist} + +Space limitations of \acro{CD-ROM} format have forced us to divide +\TK{} into several distributions, as follows. + +\begin{description} + +\item [live] A complete system on \acro{DVD}; it is too large +for \acro{CD}. It can be run live or installed to disk. It also +includes a snapshot of the \CTAN{} repository, entirely independent of +\TL{}, as well as assorted other packages in a +\texttt{texmf-extra} directory. + +Unfortunately, this release of \TL{} does not include a Windows +installer, due to technical difficulties. (We hope there will be an +installer again in a few months.) Therefore, when the \DVD{} is mounted +on Windows, the setup program offers to start the \pkgname{protext} +installation (see below), and also mentions \CTAN{} and \TL{}, which are +in subdirectories of the top level of the \DVD{}. + +\CTAN{} and \texttt{texmf-extra} do not follow the same copying +conditions as \TL{}, so be careful when redistributing or +modifying. + +\item [inst(allable)] A complete system on \CD; in order to make this fit, +the packages and programs are compressed. Therefore, it is not possible +to run \TeX\ directly from the installable \CD, you have to install it +to disk (hence its name). Furthermore, it can only be installed on Unix +(including Linux, \MacOSX, etc.)\ systems, not Windows, although a set +of experimental Windows binaries is included (for sharing across +platforms). Installation is described in subsequent sections. + +\item [protext] An enhancement of the \MIKTEX\ system, for Windows. +\ProTeXt\ adds a few extra tools to \MIKTEX, and simplifies +installation. It is entirely independent of \TL{}, and has its own +installation instructions. It can be run live, or installed to disk. +The \ProTeXt\ home page is \url{http://tug.org/protext}. + +\ProTeXt\ is provided as both the top level of the \pkgname{live} \DVD\ +and on its own \CD\ (for those who cannot use the \DVD). + +\end{description} + +\noindent You can tell which type of distribution you're in by looking +for a \texttt{00\var{type}.TL} file at the top of the \TL{} directory. +This file also contains the \TL{} release date. + +Naturally, each user group chooses what to distribute, at its own +discretion. (\acro{TUG} is sending all three discs above to all of its +members.) + + +\subsection{Top level directories} +\label{sec:tld} + +Here is a brief listing and description of the top level directories in +the \TL{} distribution. This has changed considerably in 2004: the +single \texttt{texmf} tree has been split into several smaller trees. + +Also, on the \pkgname{live} \DVD, the entire \TL{} hierarchy is in a +subdirectory \dirname{texlive2004}, not at the top level of the disc. + +\smallskip +\begingroup + \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} % open up interrow spacing +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}lp{.78\hsize}} +bin & The \TeX{} system programs, arranged by platform. \\ +MacOSX & Supporting software for \MacOSX (see + section~\ref{sec:mac-install}, \p.\pageref{sec:mac-install}). \\ +source & The source of all programs, including the main \Webc{} + \TeX{} and \MF{} distributions. These are stored in a + \cmdname{bzip2}-compressed tar archive. \\ +support & Assorted auxiliary packages and programs. These are + \emph{not} installed automatically. This includes + assorted editors and \TeX\ shells. \\ +texmf & Tree for the programs, along with their support files and + documentation. Does not include \TeX\ formats and packages. \\ +texmf-dist & The main tree of formats and packages. \\ +texmf-doc & Tree for self-contained pure documentation, with no other + installed files.\hfil\break Arranged by language. \\ +texmf-var & Tree for files automatically generated and stored. \\ +xemtex & The \cmdname{XEmacs} editor and other support programs for + Windows. + These programs generally come pre-installed on Unix systems, or are + at least easy to compile. \\ +\end{tabular} +\endgroup + +\smallskip + +In addition to the directories above, the installation scripts and +\filename{README} files (in various languages) are at the top level of +the distribution. + +The (new) \dirname{texmf-doc} directory contains only documentation, but +it does not contain all the documentation. The documentation for the +programs (manuals, man pages, Info files) is in \dirname{texmf/doc}, +since the programs are in \dirname{texmf}. Similarly, the documentation +for \TeX\ packages and formats is in \dirname{texmf-dist/doc}. You can +use the \cmdname{texdoc} or \cmdname{texdoctk} programs to find any +documentation wherever it's located. The comprehensive links in the +top-level file \OnCD{doc.html} may also be helpful. + + +\subsection{Extensions to \protect\TeX} +\label{sec:tex-extensions} + +\TL{} contains several extended versions of \TeX: + +\begin{description} + +\item [\eTeX] adds a small but powerful set of new primitives +\label{text:etex} (related to macro expansion, character scanning, +classes of marks, additional debugging features, and more) and the +\TeXXeT{} extensions for bidirectional typesetting. In default mode, +\eTeX{} is 100\% compatible with ordinary \TeX. See +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/etex_man.pdf}. + +\item [pdf\TeX] writes Acrobat \acro{PDF} format as well as \dvi{}. The +\LaTeX{} \pkgname{hyperref} package has an option `\optname{pdftex}' +which turns on all the program features. See +\OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/pdftex-a.pdf} (A4 paper) or +\OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/pdftex-l.pdf} (letter paper), and +\OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/examples/example.tex}. + +\item [pdfe\TeX] combines the pdf\TeX\ and \eTeX\ extensions. This is +the default program for all formats except plain \TeX. +See above for documentation. + +\item [\OMEGA\ (Omega)] is based on Unicode (16-bit characters), thus +supports working with almost all the world's scripts simultaneously. It +also supports so-called `\OMEGA{} Translation Processes' (\acro{OTP}s), +for performing complex transformations on arbitrary input. See +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/omega/base/doc-1.8.tex} (not completely up-to-date). + +\item [Aleph] combines the \OMEGA\ and \eTeX\ extensions. +See \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base} for some minimal documentation. + +\end{description} + + +\subsection{Other notable programs in \protect\TL} + +Here are a few other commonly-used programs included in \TL{}: + +\begin{cmddescription} + +\item [bibtex] bibliography support. + +\item [makeindex] index support. + +\item [dvips] convert \dvi{} to \PS{}. + +\item [xdvi] \dvi{} previewer for the X Window System. + +\item [dvilj] \dvi{} drive for the HP LaserJet family. + +\item [dv2dt, dt2dv] convert \dvi{} to/from plain text. + +\item [dviconcat, dviselect] cut and paste pages +from \dvi{} files. + +\item [dvipdfm] convert \dvi{} to \acro{PDF}, an alternative approach +to pdf\TeX\ (mentioned above). See the \pkgname{ps4pdf} and +\pkgname{pdftricks} packages for still more alternatives. + +\item [psselect, psnup, \ldots] \PS{} +utilities. + +\item [lacheck] \LaTeX{} syntax checker. + +\item [texexec] Con\TeX{}t and \acro{PDF} processor. + +\item [tex4ht] \TeX{} to \acro{HTML} converter. + +\end{cmddescription} + + +\section{Unix installation} +\label{sec:unix-install} + +As introduced in section~\ref{sec:basic} (\p.\pageref{sec:basic}), +\TL{} has three principal uses: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Run directly from media. +\item Install to disk. +\item Integrate a particular package or collection into your existing +\TeX{} installation. +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent The following sections describes the Unix-specific procedures +for each of these. + +\ifSingleColumn \begin{figure}[ht]\noindent \fi +\begin{warningbox} +\textbf{Warning: } The \TK{} \CD{}s and \DVD{} are in ISO 9660 (High Sierra) +format, \emph{with} Rock Ridge (and Joliet, for Windows) +extensions. Therefore, in order to take full advantage of the \TK{} +under Unix, your system needs to be able to use the Rock Ridge +extensions. Please consult the documentation for your \cmdname{mount} +command to see how to do this. If you have several different machines +on a local network, you may be able to mount the \CD{}s on one which +does support Rock Ridge, and use this with the others. + +\leavevmode\quad Linux, \acro{BSD}, Sun, and \acro{SGI} +systems should be able to use the \CD{}s without problems. We +would appreciate receiving detailed advice from users on other systems +who succeed, for future versions of this documentation. + +\leavevmode\quad +The discussion below assumes you have been able to mount +the \CD{}s with full Rock Ridge compatibility. +\end{warningbox} +\ifSingleColumn\end{figure}\fi + + +% +\subsection{Running \protect\TL{} directly from media (Unix)} + +\def\runlive{% text repeated in windows section +It is possible to use the \TeX{} system directly from the \pkgname{live} +\DVD{}, without installing the distribution to disk. (Thus the name +\TeX\ `Live', in fact.) It is \emph{not} possible to run \TeX{} +directly from the other \CD s (see section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, +\p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). +} + +\def\startinst{% repeated in other subsections +To start, you mount the \CD{} or \DVD{}, with Rock Ridge extensions +enabled. The exact command to do this varies from system to system; the +following works under Linux, except the name of the device +(\filename{/dev/cdrom}, here) may vary. (All our examples will use +\texttt{>} as the shell prompt; user input is +\Ucom{\texttt{underlined}}.) +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Change the current directory to the mount point: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Under \MacOSX, the directory is typically under +\dirname{/Volumes}, and the media will be mounted automatically. + +Run the installation script \filename{install-tl.sh}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh}\\ +Welcome to TeX Live... +\end{alltt} + +\noindent After various greeting messages and a list of the main menu +options, the installation will ask you to enter a command. Do this by +typing the desired character and hitting return; don't type the angle +brackets. Either uppercase or lowercase is ok; we'll use lowercase in +our examples. +} + +\runlive +\startinst + +For running live, our first command will be \Ucom{d} and then the +subcommand \Ucom{1} to set directories. Even in this case, we must +choose a directory on the local disk to place files that the \TeX{} +system itself generates, such as fonts and formats, and also to provide +a place for updated configuration files, if need be. We'll use +\dirname{/usr/local/texmf-local} in this example. (If the default value +of \dirname{/usr/TeX} works for you, then you can skip this step.) +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{d} +Current directories setup: +<1> TEXDIR: /usr/TeX +... +Enter command: \Ucom{1} +New value for TEXDIR [/usr/TeX]: \Ucom{/usr/local/texmf-local} +... +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Back at the main menu, our second and last command is +\Ucom{r}, to set up for running live off the media without installing +to disk: +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +Preparing destination directories... +... +Welcome to TeX Live! +> +\end{alltt} + +\noindent And we are back at the system prompt, as shown. + +Next, it is necessary to alter two environment variables: +\envname{PATH}, to an architecture-dependent value (so that we can run +the programs), and \envname{VARTEXMF}, to the value specified above. See +table~\ref{tab:archlist} for a list of the architecture names for the +different systems. + + +\def\textruntexconfig{% +After the main installation has completed, and environment variables +have been set, the last step is to run \cmdname{texconfig} to customize +your installation for your needs. This is explained in +section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}. +} +\textruntexconfig + +\begin{table*}[ht] +\caption[Supported system architectures.]{Supported system +architectures. In addition to the version-specific names listed here, +there are generic names without the version numbers. For instance, +\texttt{sparc-solaris} links to \texttt{sparc-solaris2.7}. The generic +names can be used to protect against the version numbers changing in the +future, if you wish.} +\label{tab:archlist} +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll} +alpha-linux & HP Alpha GNU/Linux \\ +%alphaev5-osf4.0d & HP Alphaev5 OSF \\ +%hppa2.0-hpux10.20 & HP9000 HPUX 10.20 \\ +i386-freebsd4.10 & Intel x86 FreeBSD \\ +i386-linux & Intel x86 GNU/Linux \\ +%i386-openbsd3.3 & Intel x86 OpenBSD \\ +%i386-solaris2.8 & Intel x86 Solaris \\ +mips-irix6.5 & SGI IRIX \\ +powerpc-aix4.3.3.0 & IBM RS/6000 AIX \\ +powerpc-darwin6.8 & \MacOSX \\ +sparc-solaris2.7 & Sun Sparc Solaris \\ +sparc64-linux & Sun Sparc GNU/Linux \\ +win32 & Windows (32-bit) \\ +x86\_64-linux & Intel/AMD 64-bit GNU/Linux \\ +\hline +\end{tabular} +\end{table*} + +\label{text:path} +The syntax for setting the environment variables, and the initialization +file to put them in, depends on the shell you use. If you use a +Bourne-compatible shell (\cmdname{sh}, \cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, et +al.), put the following into your \filename{$HOME/.profile} file: +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH; export PATH +VARTEXMF=/usr/local/texmf-local/texmf-var; export VARTEXMF +\end{alltt} + +\noindent For C shell-compatible shells (\cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}), +put the following into your \filename{$HOME/.cshrc} file: +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH +setenv VARTEXMF /usr/local/texmf-local/texmf-var +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Then log out, log back in, and test your installation +(see section~\ref{sec:test-install}, \p.\pageref{sec:test-install}). + +\def\textifindoubt{% +If in doubt, please ask any local system gurus to help you with +problems; for example, the way to mount the \TL{} media, which +directory or directories to use, and precise details of the changes to +your personal initialization files can and do vary from site to site. +} +\textifindoubt + + +% +\subsection{Installing \protect\TeX\protect\ Live to disk} +\label{sec:unix-install-disk} + +It is possible, indeed typical, to install the \TeX{} system from the +\TL{} to disk. This can be done either from any of the \TK{} discs. +(See section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, \p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}, +for an explanation of the different distributions.) + +\startinst + +Table~\ref{tab:main-menu-options} briefly lists the options in the main +menu. The order in which you select the options makes little +difference, except that \Ucom{i} must be last. It's reasonable to go +through them in the order presented here. + +% apparently here.sty [H] doesn't support table*. +\begin{table}[H] +\caption{Main menu options for the installation.} +\label{tab:main-menu-options} +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll} +p & The platform you are running on.\\ +b & The architectures for which to install binaries.\\ +s & The base installation scheme to use (minimal, recommended, + full, etc.)\\ +c & Override the base scheme for individual collections.\\ +l & Override for language collections.\\ +d & Directories in which to install.\\ +o & Other options.\\ +i & Perform the installation.\\ +\end{tabular} +\end{table} + +Here are further details on each option. + +\textbf{\optname{p} -- Current platform.} Since the installation script +automatically guesses which platform you're running on, it is generally +unnecessary to use this option. It's there in case you need to override +the automatic detection. + +\textbf{\optname{b} -- Binary architectures.} By default, only the +binaries for your current platform will be installed. From this menu, +you can select installation of binaries for other architectures as well +(or not install the current platforms). This can be useful if you are +sharing a \TeX\ tree across a network of heterogenous machines. For a +list of the supported architectures, see table~\ref{tab:archlist}, +\p.\pageref{tab:archlist}. + +\textbf{\optname{s} -- Base installation scheme.} From this menu, you +can choose an overall common set of packages, called a ``scheme''. The +default \optname{recommended} scheme suffices for typical needs, but you +can also choose the \optname{basic} scheme if you are low on disk space, +or \optname{full} to get absolutely everything. There are also specific +sets for Omega and \acro{XML}. + +\textbf{\optname{c} -- Individual collections.} From this menu, you can +override the base scheme's set of collections to install. Collections +are one level lower than schemes\Dash collections consist of +one or more packages, where packages (the lowest level grouping in \TL) +contain the actual \TeX\ macro files, font families, and so on. +In this menu, selection letters are case-sensitive. + +\textbf{\optname{l} -- Language collections}. This menu has the same +basic purpose as \Ucom{c}, to override the base scheme. In this case, +the collections are specifically for different languages. Selection +letters are case-sensitive here. Here is a list of the language +collections in \TL: + +% xx really should generate list from texmf/tpm/collection/tex-lang* +% a la install-tl.sh. +\begin{tabbing} +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \kill +(some) African scripts \> +Arabic \> +Armenian \> +Chinese\,Japanese\,Korean \\ +Croatian \> +Cyrillic \> +Czech/Slovak \> +Danish \\ +Dutch \> +Finnish \> +French \> +German \\ +Greek \> +Hungarian \> +Indic \> +Italian \\ +Latin \> +Manju \> +Mongolian \> +Norwegian \\ +Polish \> +Portuguese \> +Spanish \> +Swedish \\ +Tibetan \> +\acro{UK} English \> +Vietnamese \\ +\end{tabbing} + +\noindent Language collections typically include fonts, macros, +hyphenation patterns, and other support files. (For instance, +\pkgname{frenchle.sty} is installed if you select the \optname{French} +collection.) In addition, installing a language collection will alter +the \filename{language.dat} configuration file controlling which +hyphenation patterns are loaded. + +\textbf{\optname{d} -- Installation directories}. Three directories can +be changed here: +\label{text:instdir} + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXDIR] The top-level directory under which +everything else will be installed. The default value is +\dirname{/usr/TeX}, and is often changed. For example, changing to a +value such as \dirname{/usr/local/texlive2003} would make it possible to +keep different releases of \TL{} separate. (You may then wish to make +\dirname{/usr/local/texlive} a symbolic link, after testing the new +release.) + +Under \MacOSX, the usual frontends look for \TeX{} in +\dirname{/usr/local/teTeX}, so you may wish to install \TL{} there. + +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] This tree is where the \TeX{} system (not as part of +installation, but rather over time) puts non-version-specific files, +primarily fonts. The default value is \dirname{TEXDIR/texmf-local}. +However, it's also the recommended location to put any local packages or +configuration settings. Therefore, it's desirable to change it to a +location independent of the current \TL{} release; for example, +\dirname{/usr/local/texmf-local}. + +\item [VARTEXMF] This tree is where the system puts files that +\emph{are} version-specific, primarily format files and the +configuration files which are modified by \cmdname{texconfig} (see +section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}). The default +value is \dirname{TEXDIR/texmf-var}, and there's generally no reason to +change it. + +\end{ttdescription} + +\textbf{\optname{o} -- Other options.} From this menu, you can select +the following general options: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [a] Specify an alternate directory for generated fonts. +The default is to use the \envname{VARTEXMF} tree, as explained above. +Setting this is useful if you plan to mount the main tree read-only, and +therefore you need another location (perhaps host-specific) for +dynamically created fonts. + +\item [l] Create symbolic links for the binaries, man pages, +and\slash or \acro{GNU} Info files in other locations. For example, you may +wish to make the man pages available under \dirname{/usr/local/man} and +the Info files available under \dirname{/usr/local/info}. (Of course +you need appropriate privileges to write in the specified directories.) + +It is not advisable to overwrite a \TeX\ system that came with your +system with this option. It's intended more for having the links in +standard directories known to users, such as \dirname{/usr/local/bin}, +which don't already contain any \TeX\ files. + +\item [d] Skip installation of the font/macro documentation tree. +This is useful if you need to save space, or if you've previously +installed the documentation elsewhere. + +\item [s] Skip installation of the main font/macro source +tree. This is useful if you are arranging to share that tree between +machines and\slash or architectures in some other way, such as \acro{NFS}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +\textbf{i -- Perform installation.} When you're satisfied with your +configuration options, enter \Ucom{i} to actually do the installation +from the media to your chosen locations. + +% text is similar to above, but no VARTEXMF, so we have to write out. +After the installation completes, your next step is to include the +architecture-specific subdirectory of \dirname{TEXDIR/bin} in your +\envname{PATH}, so the newly-installed programs can be found. The +architecture names are listed in table~\ref{tab:archlist}, +\p.\pageref{tab:archlist}, or you can simply list the directory +\dirname{TEXDIR/bin}. + +The syntax for doing this, and the initialization file to use, depends +on your shell. If you use a Bourne-compatible shell (\cmdname{sh}, +\cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, et al.), put the following into your +\filename{$HOME/.profile} file: + +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH; export PATH +\end{alltt} + +\noindent For C shell-compatible shells (\cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}), +put the following into your \filename{$HOME/.cshrc} file: +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH +\end{alltt} + +\textruntexconfig + +Here is a brief annotated example which selects a full installation, +with binaries for the current system only, with directory changes as +recommended above. The prompts and \acro{RETURN}s are omitted for +brevity. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +\Ucom{s} \Ucom{b} \Ucom{r} # scheme, full, return to main +\Ucom{d} # change directories +\Ucom{1} \Ucom{/usr/local/texlive2003} # top-level dir +\Ucom{2} \Ucom{/usr/local/texmf-local} # TEXMFLOCAL outside TEXDIR +\Ucom{r} # return to main +\Ucom{i} # perform installation +> \Ucom{texconfig} ... +# New PATH, with Linux as the example: +> \Ucom{PATH=/usr/local/texlive2003/bin/i386-linux:$PATH; export PATH} +\end{alltt} + +\textifindoubt + + +% +\subsection{Installing individual packages to disk} + +You can add individual packages or collections from the current +distribution to an existing non-\TL{} setup, or an earlier +\TL{} installation. + +\startinst + +Run the installation script \filename{install-pkg.sh} (not +\filename{install-tl.sh}, which is intended for complete installations +only): +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh \var{options}} +\end{alltt} + +The first set of options controls what gets read: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-package=\var{pkgname}] The individual package to work on. + +\item [-{}-collection=\var{colname}] The individual collection to work on. + +\item [-{}-nodoc] Exclude documentation files from the operation. + +\item [-{}-nosrc] Exclude source files from the operation. + +\item [-{}-cddir=\var{dir}] Source directory to read from; defaults +to the current directory. If you followed the instructions above, that +will be the distribution directory, and won't need to be changed. + +\item [-{}-listdir=\var{dir}] The so-called `lists' directory within +\var{cddir} from which to read the package information. The only +reason to change the default is if you're making changes to \TL{} +yourself. + +\end{ttdescription} + +What actually happens is controlled by the following options. If +neither of these are specified, the default action is to install the +selected files. The main destination tree is found by expanding +\envname{\$TEXMFMAIN} with \cmdname{kpsewhich}. You can override it by +setting either the environment variable \envname{TEXMFMAIN} or +\envname{TEXMF}. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-listonly] List the files that would be installed, but don't +actually install anything. + +\item [-{}-archive=\var{tarfile}] Instead of installing the files into +the \TeX{} system, make a \cmdname{tar} archive. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Additional options: + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [-{}-config] After installation, run \code{texconfig init}. + +\item [-{}-nohash] After installation, don't run \cmdname{mktexlsr} to +rebuild the filename database. + +\item [-{}-verbose] Give more information as the script runs. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Here are some usage examples: + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item To see the files in the package \pkgname{fancyhdr} without +installing it: + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr --listonly} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr \bs} +> \Ucom{--listonly} +\fi{} +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/README +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.dvi +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf +... +\end{alltt} + +\item Install the \LaTeX{} package \pkgname{natbib}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=natbib} +\end{alltt} + +\item Install the \LaTeX{} package \pkgname{alg} without source files or +documentation: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=alg --nosrc --nodoc} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=alg \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-nosrc -{}-nodoc} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\item Install all the packages in the collection of additional +plain \TeX\ macros: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --collection=tex-plainextra} +\end{alltt} + +\item Write all files in the \pkgname{pstricks} package to a +\cmdname{tar} file in \path|/tmp|: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=pstricks --archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\else +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=pstricks \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\end{enumerate} + +\textifindoubt + + +% +\section{Post-installation} +\label{sec:postinstall} + +After the main installation is done, for any operating system, the +remaining steps are to configure the system for your local needs, and +perform some basic tests. + +Another sort of post-installation is to acquire packages, fonts, or +programs that were not included in \TL{}. The basic idea is to +install such additions in the \envname{TEXMFLOCAL} tree (if you +installed to disk), or \envname{VARTEXMF} (if you are running live). +See the ``Installation directories'' option on \p.\pageref{text:instdir}. + +Unfortunately, the details can and do vary widely, and so we do not attempt to +address them here. Here are some external links to descriptions: +\begin{itemize*} +\item +\url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=instpackages} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/installationadvice} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/beginlatex/html/chapter5.html#pkginst} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/Type1fonts} for font creation +and installation information in particular. +\end{itemize*} + + +\subsection{The \protect\cmdname{texconfig} program} +\label{sec:texconfig} + +At any time after installation, you can and should use the program +\cmdname{texconfig} to configure the system to fit your local needs. It +is installed in the architecture-specific subdirectory +\texttt{TEXDIR/bin/\var{arch}} along with everything else. + +If you run it without arguments, it will enter full-screen mode and +allow you to view and change options interactively. + +You can also run it with various command-line options. Here are some of +the most common (a \TL{} installation is configured for the A4 paper +size by default): + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [texconfig paper letter] Set default paper size for +various programs and drivers (\cmdname{pdftex}, \cmdname{dvips}, +\cmdname{dvipdfm}, \cmdname{xdvi}) to be \acro{US} letter. The other +allowable size is \optname{a4}, which is the default. + +\item [texconfig localsetup] Verify that paths are set ok. + +\item [texconfig rehash] Update all the \TeX{} system filename databases. + +\item [texconfig faq] Show the \teTeX{} \acro{FAQ}. +(See also the main \TeX{} \acro{FAQ} in \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en}.) + +\item [texconfig help] Output help information for \cmdname{texconfig}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Of course, \cmdname{texconfig} can only support changing a few of the +many options and configuration parameters in a \TeX{} system. The main +configuration file for the base \Webc{} programs is named +\filename{texmf.cnf}. You can find its location by running +\samp{kpsewhich texmf.cnf}; it contains many comments explaining the +default settings and useful alternatives. + + +\subsection{Testing the installation} +\label{sec:test-install} + +After installing \TL{} as best you can, you naturally want to test +it out, so you can start creating beautiful documents and\slash or fonts. + +This section gives some basic procedures for testing that the new system +is functional. We give Unix commands; under \MacOSX{} and Windows, +you're more likely to run the tests through a graphical interface, but +the principles are the same. + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item Make sure that you can run the \cmdname{tex} program in the first +place: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{tex -{}-version} +TeX 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.3) +kpathsea version 3.5.3 +Copyright (C) 1997-2004 D.E. Knuth. +... +\end{alltt} +If this comes back with `command not found' instead of version and +copyright information, most likely you don't have the correct +\dirname{bin} subdirectory in your \envname{PATH}. See +the environment-setting information on \p.\pageref{text:path}. + +\item Process a basic \LaTeX{} file: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{latex sample2e.tex} +This is pdfeTeXk, Version 3.141592... +... +Output written on sample2e.dvi (3 pages, 7496 bytes). +Transcript written on sample2e.log. +\end{alltt} +If this fails to find \filename{sample2e.tex} or other files, perhaps +you have interference from old environment variables or configuration +files. For a deep analysis, you can always ask \TeX{} to report on +exactly what it is searching for, and finding; see ``Debugging actions'' +on page~\pageref{Debugging}. + +\item Preview the result online: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{xdvi sample2e.dvi} +\end{alltt} +(Under Windows, the analogous command is \cmdname{windvi}.) You should +see a new window with a nice document explaining some of the basics of +\LaTeX{}. (Well worth reading, by the way if you're new to the system.) +You do have to be running under X for \cmdname{xdvi} to work; if you're +not, or your \envname{DISPLAY} environment variable is set incorrectly, +you'll get an error \samp{Can't open display}. + +\item Create a \PS{} file for printing or display: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips sample2e.dvi -o sample2e.ps} +\end{alltt} + +\item Create a \acro{PDF} file instead of \dvi{}; this processes the +\filename{.tex} file and writes \acro{PDF} directly: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{pdflatex sample2e.tex} +\end{alltt} + +\item Preview the \acro{PDF} file: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{gv sample2e.pdf} +\textrm{or:} +> \Ucom{xpdf sample2e.pdf} +\end{alltt} +Unfortunately neither \cmdname{gv} nor \cmdname{xpdf} are currently +included in \TL{}, so you must install them separately. See +\url{http://wwwthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/~plass/gv} and +\url{http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf}, respectively. + +\item Other standard test files you may find useful: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [small2e.tex] A simpler document than \filename{sample2e}, to +reduce the input size if you're having troubles. +\item [testpage.tex] Test if your printer introduces any offsets. +\item [nfssfont.tex] For printing font tables and tests. +\item [testfont.tex] Also for font tables, but using plain \TeX{}. +\item [story.tex] The most canonical (plain) \TeX{} test file of all. +You must type \samp{\bs bye} to the \code{*} prompt after \samp{tex +story.tex}. +\end{ttdescription} +You can process these in the same way as we did with +\filename{sample2e.tex}. + +\end{enumerate} + +If you are new to \TeX{}, or otherwise need help with actually +constructing \TeX{} or \LaTeX{} documents, please visit +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html}. We especially recommend the +\textsl{Formatting Information} manual by Peter Flynn, available at +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/documentation/beginlatex}. + + +\section{\MacOSX{} installation} +\label{sec:mac-install} + +\TL{} supports \MacOSX, but no prior Macintosh versions. (If you +are running an older Mac version, you can view the files by installing +the Joliet system extension available from +\url{http://www.tempel.org/joliet}; however, the \TL{} binaries +will not run.) + +Installation of \TeX{} under \MacOSX{} can be done in two ways: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item With the \filename{install*} scripts, as with Unix. +\item With the \cmdname{i-Installer} included in +\filename{MacOSX/II2.dmg}. +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent Each of these is described in a following section. + +In addition, \TeX{} under \MacOSX\ typically uses a ``frontend''. This +is also described below. + + +\subsection{\protect\cmdname{i-Installer}: Internet installation} +\label{sec:i-Installer} + +The \cmdname{i-Installer} is included in the \TL{} distribution as +an alternative to normal installation. It does not use the contents of +the \TL{} distribution at all; instead, the system (approximately +70 megabytes) is downloaded over the Internet. + +One advantage of \cmdname{i-Installer} is that it makes updates +relatively painless. If you are interested, please see the +\cmdname{i-Installer} \TeX{} home page at \url{http://www.rna.nl/tex.html}. + +To use it, mount \filename{./MacOSX/II2.dmg}. Read the documentation, +launch it, and install at least \texttt{TeX Foundation} and \texttt{TeX +Programs}. The first will finish without configuration, as soon as the +second is installed you will be presented with a graphical interface to +setting up your \TeX{} system. + +The \cmdname{i-Installer} distribution uses the \teTeX{} \dirname{texmf} +tree with some additions. Due to differences between \TL{} and +\teTeX{} you cannot update a \TL{} installation with an +\cmdname{i-Installer} \texttt{TeX Programs} i-Package. + + +\subsection{\protect\cmdname{install*.sh}: \protect\TL{} installation} + +In order to run the installation scripts under \MacOSX, you need to have +the \cmdname{bash} shell installed. If you are running \MacOSX~10.2 +or later, you have \cmdname{bash}, and can proceed. If you're running +an earlier \MacOSX{} version, however, the default shell is +\cmdname{zsh}, which won't work; you'll need to get \cmdname{bash} from +the Internet, or more likely upgrade your system. + +Once you have \cmdname{bash}, the Unix installation documentation in the +previous section can be followed. See section~\ref{sec:unix-install} on +\p.\pageref{sec:unix-install}; \MacOSX-specific notes are included there +where needed. + + +\subsection{\MacOSX{} frontends} + +Using \TeX{} on a Macintosh typically goes through a front end program, +comprising an execution shell, editor, previewer, and other facilities, +with a graphical interface. Here are the principal frontends: + +\begin{cmddescription} +\item [TeXShop] Included in \TL{} as \filename{./MacOSX/texshop.dmg}. + \\See \url{http://www.uoregon.edu/~koch/texshop/texshop.html}. + +\item [ITeXMac] Included in \TL{} as \filename{./MacOSX/iTM-*.dmg}. + \\See \url{http://itexmac.sourceforge.net}. + +\item [Mac-emacs] A port of Emacs to \MacOSX{}, integrating \pkgname{AucTeX}. + \\See \url{http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~franconi/mac-emacs}. + +\end{cmddescription} + +The frontends use \dirname{/usr/local/teTeX} as the default location; +therefore, you must either install \TL{} there, or change the +configuration of the frontend. + + +\section{Windows installation} +\label{sec:win-install} + +Unfortunately, this release of \TL{} does not include a Windows +installer, due to technical difficulties. We hope that an installer +will be available again in a few months. (It is being completely +rewritten to use standard Microsoft libraries, instead of the homegrown +\filename{TeXSetup.exe}.) + +A set of experimental Windows binaries is included, nevertheless. You +can install them with the Unix \filename{install-tl.sh} script: select +the \optname{win32} system from the \optname{S} option of the top-level +menu. The \pkgname{XEmacs} package is not included, however, due to +space. + +(Meanwhile, if you are an experienced Windows programmer and would like +to help with the project, email us!) + + +\begin{comment} +\TL{} can be installed on systems running Windows 9x, \acro{ME}, +\acro{NT}, \acro{2K} or \acro{XP}. Older versions of Windows (3.1x) +and \acro{MS-DOS} are not supported. + +It is necessary to have your Windows set up so that it uses the +Microsoft Joliet extensions for reading \CD{}s; simply look at the \CD{} +in Explorer and see whether it shows long, mixed-case, file names. If it +does not, you must install the Joliet extensions. + +The Windows \TeX{} system included in \TL{} is no more and no less +than the \fpTeX{} distribution. It includes a \texttt{dvi} previewer, +\textsf{Windvi}, which is similar in usage to the established Unix +\textsf{xdvi}. The documentation can be found in +\OnCD{texmf/doc/html/windvi/windvi.html}. + +\subsection{The \texttt{TeXLive.exe} program} + +\begin{figure*} + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{pictures/Welcome-to-TeXLive} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 551 534]{pictures/Welcome-to-TeXLive.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{pictures/Welcome-to-TeXLive} + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{``Welcome to \TL'' window}\label{graph:welcome} +\end{figure*} + +If your computer is configured to let the \CD{} autostart, then a dialog +box with a menu bar will popup on the screen, and you will have several +choices from there: + +\begin{itemize*} +\item Install \TeX{} on your hard disk +\item Do maintenance on your \TeX{} system. +\item Remove the \TeX{} system. +\item Use \TeX{} off the \TL{} \CD{} or \DVD{}. +\item Browse documentation: \TL{} documentation, TUG web + pages, \fpTeX web pages. +\item Run the \cmdname{TeXdocTK} application to find specific documentation. +\end{itemize*} + +If your \CD{} does not autostart, you can explicitly run the program +by double clicking on \path|bin/win32/TeXLive.exe| on the \CD{} from +the explorer window. + +\subsection{Running \protect\TL{} directly from media (Windows)} + +\runlive + +To run live under Windows, from the menu, chose \verb|Explore CD-Rom|, then +\verb|Run TeX off CD-Rom|. This will launch the \cmdname{XEmacs} editor. + +XEmacs startup file will set the environment variables needed. XEmacs will also +setup a temporary \acro{TDS} compliant texmf tree in the temporary area of your +computer. It is needed to store files that may be built on the fly, such as +\path|pk| bitmap fonts, or format files. Configuration files are copied from +the \CD{} to this texmf tree, so that you can edit them if needed. The +\path|ls-R| database is computed for this texmf tree. The AUC-\TeX{} mode will +be entered Whenever you will visit or create a \TeX{} file, providing all the +bells and whistles for \TeX{} support XEmacs is capable of. + +If you run 'M-x shell' within XEmacs, then you will have access to all the TeXLive +tools from the command line provided by XEmacs. + +\smallskip {\small\noindent \textbf{[For advanced users:]} You can also + use the small batch file \path|mkloctex.bat| to be called in a + directory \path|bin\win32| of the \CD. From the Start menu select + `Run', then browse the \acro{CD} drive and select + \path|mkloctex.bat|. Before starting it, you should add two parameters + separated by a space: the letter of your \acro{CD} drive and the + letter of the drive where you want to install the \TeX\ directory. + The whole line should read, e.g., \verb+d:\bin\win32\mkloctex.bat d c+. + When installation is complete, please read carefully the information + on screen. If you are running Windows 9x/\acro{ME}, then you will have to + restart Windows.} + +\subsection{Support packages for Windows} +\label{sec:win-xemtex} + +To be complete, a \TL installation needs support packages that are not +commonly found on a Windows machine. +Many scripts are written using the Perl language. Some important tools require +the Ghostscript \PS{} interpreter to render or to convert files. A graphic +file toolbox is also needed in some cases. Last but not least, a \TeX-oriented +editor makes it easy to type in your \TeX{} files. + +All these tools are quite easy to find for Windows, but in order to try to make +your life even easier, we have put such a set of tools on \TL: +\begin{itemize*} +\item \cmdname{Ghostscript} 7.07 +\item a minimal \cmdname{Perl} 5.8, sufficient to run all the \TL{} +Perl scripts +\item a subset of \cmdname{ImageMagick} 5.5.6 +\item the \cmdname{ISpell} checker +\item \cmdname{XEmacs} 21.5.14 with a selection of packages to support +\TeX{} typesetting. +\end{itemize*} + +These packages should be installed only all at once. The bundle is +known as the \XEmTeX{} bundle. + +If you didn't install \XEmTeX{}, \cmdname{Perl} and \cmdname{Ghostscript} are +installed anyway if they are not detected on your machine. This is because they are +required by many important tools. The \envname{PERL5LIB} and \verb|GS_LIB| +environment variables will be set too. + +When you are under +\cmdname{XEmacs}, the tools provided shadow any other version you might +have installed previously. The point here is that \path|TeXSetup.exe| +will not install anything outside of the \TL location, neither will +it run foreign installers, nor will it try to autodetect installed +products using unreliable rules of thumb. The \XEmTeX{} bundle is +standalone and is meant to evolve in the future. The reference site is +\url{http://www.fptex.org/xemtex/}. + +If you don't want to install this bundle, then you are on your own to +install the required tools to complete your \TL{} system. Here is a +list of places to get those tools: + +\begin{description} +\item[Ghostscript] \url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/} +\item[Perl] \url{http://www.activestate.com/} (but you might need some + supplementary packages from CPAN: \url{http://www.cpan.org/}) +\item[ImageMagick] \url{http://www.imagemagick.com} +\item[NetPBM] alternatively, you could use NetPBM instead of ImageMagick to + process or convert your graphic files. NetPBM home page is + \url{http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/} +\item[\TeX-oriented editors] There is a wide choice, and it is a matter of the + user's taste. Here is a selection: + \begin{itemize*} + \item \cmdname{GNU Emacs} is available natively under Windows, the + reference url is + \url{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html} + \item \cmdname{XEmacs} is available natively under Windows, the + reference url is \url{http://www.xemacs.org/} + \item \cmdname{WinShell} is available on \TL in the \path|support| + directory, the reference url is \url{http://www.winshell.de} + \item \cmdname{WinEdt} is shareware available from \url{http://www.winedt.com} + \item TeXnicCenter is available from\\ + \url{http://www.toolscenter.org} + \item \cmdname{Vim} is available on \TL{} in the + \path|support\vim| directory and the + reference site is \url{http://www.vim.org} + \item \cmdname{SciTE} is available from \url{http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html} + \end{itemize*} +\end{description} + +You might want to install other tools that are not free\footnote{Not +free, that is, in the sense of freedom to modify and redistribute, +following free software guidelines. This does not mean you can't acquire +them for no money.} and therefore not included on \TL{}, such as +\cmdname{GSView}, the \cmdname{Ghostscript} companion to more +conveniently view PS/PDF files. \cmdname{GSView} is available from +\url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/} or any \acro{CTAN} site. + +\subsection{Installing \protect\TeX\protect\ Live to disk} + +\textbf{Warning: Win9x users must ensure they have enough environment + space before undertaking installation. The \cmdname{TeXSetup.exe} + program won't change the environment size for them. A few environment + variables will be created and it is possible you run out of + environment space. Add \texttt{SHELL=<path>COMMAND.COM /E:4096 /P} in the + config.sys file in order to increase your environment size.} + +Installation is started by letting the media autostart. The program run +is \path|TeXSetup.exe| if you are using the inst disk. If you are using +the live or the demo disk, you will have to select the item +\path|TeXLive Software| from the menu, then the subitem \path|Install on +Hard Disk|. This will invoke \path|TeXSetup.exe|. You can also find it +in the \path|bin/win32| directory and run it, if the autostart fails for +any reason. \path|TeXSetup.exe| is a Windows wizard and it will display +several pages while running. + +\begin{description} +\item[Welcome Page] + You can choose a \emph{quick} installation from + here. In this case, the installation will run without any human + assistance from beginning to end, with all the default settings + (Figure~\ref{graph:setup-src}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). If you have enough privileges (administrator or power user + rights) under a Windows version where this is applicable, then you can + decide to install the \TL{} for all users or for yourself only by + checking the appropriate box. + For installing the whole \XEmTeX{} bundle (XEmacs, Ghost\-script, + Perl, ImageMagick and Ispell) you can check \emph{Install XEmTeX + Support} box. + \begin{figure*}[!htb] + The \cmdname{TeXSetup} Wizard\hfill + Source directories for the \TL{} files + + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/setup-wizard.jpg}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/source-for-texlive.jpg} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{pictures/setup-wizard.jpg} +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{pictures/source-for-texlive.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/setup-wizard}% + \hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/source-for-texlive} + \fi + \fi + \caption{The \TL{} setup wizard}\label{graph:setup-src} + \end{center} +\end{figure*} +\item[Source Page] + This page is a bit complex. It will allow you to select two source + directories for your \TL{} system + (Figure~\ref{graph:setup-src}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). You will need a \emph{local + source directory} and possibly a \emph{remote source directory}. + +Why do we need both these directories? The files consisting of the +\TL{} system are on the \CD{}, of course, but some other useful +packages are not, either because of space lacking or because their +license was not compatible with \TL{}. You need to enable Internet +downloading if you want to install these packages that are marked with a +specific ``remote'' icon. + + However, don't panic: the default parameters of the setup will allow + you to install a full system using the \CD{} only. Simply, you won't + have \file{WinEdt} (for example), but you will be able to install it + later. + + So you can take your files from: + \begin{itemize} + \item the \CD{} or any similar flat tree of files, available through + some standard directory (this means the \CD{} can be mounted on + some remote machine and be made available through network + sharing), + \item a set of \file{.zip} files (this is the case when you are + installing from the demo \CD{} or the \fpTeX{} distribution), + \item the Internet; in this case, the program takes care of + downloading the \file{.zip} files it needs for you. + \end{itemize} + This option is available only if you enable Internet file + downloading in the right part of the page. You also need to + configure this Internet access by selecting to connect either using + Internet Explorer~5 \file{wininet.dll}, or using a direct connection (\texttt{ftp}, + \texttt{http}). +% or using a proxy server. +% Last, you can be assisted in defining the \emph{local source +% directory} and \emph{remote source directory} which will be used +% to copy the files onto your hard disk. The \texttt{browse} buttons +% allow to select a directory for the former, and an url among a list +% of mirrors for the latter. +\item[Root Page] + On this page, you will tell where you want the files to be + installed (Figure~\ref{graph:root-schm}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). Only the root directory really matters, the other ones + are set according to the root one. You may want to make + \path|$TEXMFEXTRA| point to some TDS compliant directory with other + \TeX{} files or assign a different value to + \path|$HOMETEXMF|, which is set by default to whatever Windows think + is your `HOME' location. +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + Root and directories\hfill% + Scheme selection + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{pictures/root-of-installation.jpg}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{pictures/scheme-selection.jpg} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{pictures/root-of-installation.jpg} +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{pictures/scheme-selection.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{pictures/root-of-installation}% + \hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{pictures/scheme-selection} + \fi + \fi + \caption{\TL-Setup: Root and directories / Schemes}\label{graph:root-schm} + \end{center} +\end{figure*} +\item[Get TPM Page] + This page does not require any manual intervention. The \file{.tpm} + files which describe collections and packages are retrieved + (possibly from the Internet), unzipped if needed and parsed. +\item[Schemes Page] + On this page, you will select the global scheme of your + installation (Figure~\ref{graph:root-schm}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). A scheme is a large set of files targeted at some kind + of usage. There are 3 generic schemes for basic, recommended and + full installation. The other ones are devoted to LUGs (what GUST or + GUTenberg propose for their members) or applications (XML and + \TeX{}). + When a scheme is selected, it is still possible to refine the + selection by checking the appropriate box. If doing so, you will be + presented the packages page to change your selection, else you will + jump to the review page. +\item[Packages Page] + Collections and packages are presented in a tree form + (Figure~\ref{graph:win32-support}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). The links + in the tree are dependency links. Collections \emph{depend on} + packages and maybe other collections, and it is the same for each + package. You can select any package or collection individually, but + your request will be granted only if the object is not requested by + another one which is selected. For example, you can't deselect + \texttt{tex-basic} without deselecting all the collections that + request it. + + The \texttt{tex-xemtex} collection displayed on the picture is Win32 specific. It + holds a number of bonus packages (Figure~\ref{graph:win32-support}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ) which can be installed + automatically and individually: Ghostscript (the \PS{} + interpreter), XEmacs editor preconfigured for \TeX{}, tools like Perl, + ImageMagick, Ispell. \emph{None of these packages are selected by + default}. + + On this page, you also have the information about disk space + needed, for each object, and for the set of those who are selected, + and also the disk space available on the partition selected for the + installation. Last, you can choose to install or not the + documentation files and source files associated with each package. +\item[Review Page] + You will find there a summary of your choices + (Figure~\ref{graph:review}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). It is still possible to + go back to change them. +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + Packages Page\hfill% + Win32 Support + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/package-selection}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/win32-support} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{pictures/package-selection.jpg}\hfill% +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{pictures/win32-support.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/package-selection}% + \hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/win32-support} + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{Packages Page / Win32 goodies} + \label{graph:win32-support} +\end{figure*} +\item[Files Copy Page] + The selected files are copied on your hard disk (Figure~\ref{graph:file-copy}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). All the files not + yet available on your local disk are first downloaded from the + remote source directory on the Internet. Then every package is + unpacked (if \path|.zip| files), or copied from the \CD{}. +\item[Configuration Page] Several packages need some configuration + step to make them usable (Figure~\ref{graph:configuration}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). Also the \TL{} system needs some post-processing step + (format files generation, ls-R databases generation, environment + variables, etc.). All these operations are done there, some of them + can be lengthy. +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + \textbf{Review Page}\hfill% + \textbf{File Copy Page} + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/review-settings}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/file-copy} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{pictures/review-settings.jpg}\hfill% + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{pictures/file-copy.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/review-settings}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/file-copy}% + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{Review Page / File Copy Page} + \label{graph:review}\label{graph:file-copy} +\end{figure*} +\item[Final Page] The installation being over, you may want to display + the Windows specific documentation (HTML format) and / or the log + file of the setup process (Figure~\ref{graph:final} + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). If it is needed (Win9x/WinME), you will + be asked to reboot your computer. +\end{description} + +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + \textbf{Configuration Page}\hfill% + \textbf{Final Page} + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/configuration}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/congratulations} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{pictures/configuration.jpg}\hfill% + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{pictures/congratulations.jpg} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/configuration}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{pictures/congratulations}% + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{Configuration Page / Final page} +\label{graph:configuration}\label{graph:final} +\end{figure*} + +Please be aware that the choice of cluster size on DOS disk +partitions can radically affect the size of your \TeX\ +installation. The support tree has hundreds of small files, and it is +not unusual for a complete installation to take up to four times the +amount of space used on the \CD. + +\end{comment} + + +\section{Windows maintenance and post-installation} + +Although this version of \TL{} cannot be installed on Windows, enough of +this section is relevant to existing installations or cross-mounted +installations that it seemed worth leaving in. + +It will be thoroughly updated when a complete \TL{} Windows distribution +is released. For now, please ignore references to +\filename{TeXSetup.exe}, etc. + + +\subsection{What's different in Windows?} + +The Windows version of \Webc{} has some specific features that should be +pointed out. + +\begin{description} +\item[\KPS{}] The hash-tables that \KPS{} builds are quite large for + the \TL{}. In order to cut down the starting time of any + \KPS{}-enabled program, these hash-tables have been put in shared + memory. This way, when you chain the execution of several such + programs, like \path|tex| calling \path|mpost| calling \path|tex|, + the overhead when starting each of the subprograms is + reduced. This change is hidden to the user, except if you set the + debug flag of kpathsea to the \path|-1| value: you will then trace + access to the shared memory, which is not what you want (it is + accessed very often!). What is useful in a log trace of the shared + memory access is still to be defined, so the situation might evolve + in the future. +\item[\cmdname{kpsecheck}] This command provides some options that did + not fit well into \cmdname{kpsewhich}. It will allow you to list all + the files that occur multiple times across your texmf trees. This + could be handy, but most of the time you will also get unwanted + output (like dozens of \path|README| files)\footnote{It is noticeable + that all these files result in clashes inside the \KPS{}-hashing + mechanism; fortunately, \KPS{} never looks for these files.}. For + this reason, you can combine the \path|-multiple-occurrences| with 2 + other options for including or excluding any filename that match + some pattern (you can request for several patterns). + + The \cmdname{kpsecheck} command will also report the status of shared + memory: in use or not used. That might be useful to know because if + the status reported is \samp{in use}, that means one or several + processes are working, and the effect of any \cmdname{mktexlsr} + command will be delayed until the next time where no \KPS{} linked + process will be running. + + Last, this same command will report about the location it thinks + Ghostscript can be found. Under Win32, for many programs, it is + easier to use the Ghostscript dll, and find it by using the + Ghostscript registry key than to change the \path|PATH|, which has a + limited length anyway. +\item[\Webc{}] The engines have a few more options than in Unix + \Webc{}, and one option with a different behavior: + \begin{itemize} + \item \path|-halt-on-error| stop the compilation at the first error. + \item \path|-job-time| set the job time to the same timestamp as the + file given in argument. +\item \path|-oem| use the DOS codepage for console output. + \item \path|-output-directory| allow to write all the output files in the + specified directory. + \item \path|-time-statistics| print statistics about the job run + time. It is to be noted that Win9x not being a true multitasking + operating system, it has no reliable timer for short periods, so + the value printed is an approximation. Under NT/2K/XP, the result + is quite accurate with user time and system time values allocated + for this run. For Unix + users: the \path|time| command is not usually available to Windows + users. + \end{itemize} +\end{description} + +\subsection{Adding packages to your installation} + +You will find an option in the \guiseq{TeXLive} menu (or go to +\guiseq{Start\arw Programs \arw TeXLive \arw Add TeX package} menu) to +run \file{TeXSetup.exe} in maintenance mode. The steps are almost the +same as in the initial installation. + +We'll discuss differences below, but first, whatever changes you make, +\textbf{do not forget to rebuild the ls-R database files}. Otherwise, +your new files will not be found. You can do this either via the +\acro{GUI} (\guiseq{Start \arw Programs \arw TeXLive \arw Maintenance +\arw Rebuild ls-R}), or manually running the \file{mktexlsr} command. + +The main difference is in the packages selection page. In maintenance +mode, the list of installed packages is compared to the list of packages +available from your source directories. Packages that are not installed +will be displayed in green, out of date packages will be displayed in +red and up-to-date, installed packages are displayed in black. + +This way, you can choose to add or upgrade components, either from +\TL{} or from the Internet, where you are likely to find some more +recent version of your packages. + +It is up to you to select which packages you want to install. The rest +of the process is similar to the first installation. + +If you want to add files that are not provided by the \TL{} (or +\fpTeX{}) distribution, it is recommended to put them in the +\path|$TEXMFLOCAL| directory. This way, you will be safe against +upgrades of the \TL{} software. + +The directory pointed to by \path|$TEXMFLOCAL| is initially empty. If, +for example, you want to add the support file for the Maple symbolic +computation program, you will have to put the style files in:\\ +\path|c:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf-local\tex\latex\maple\|\\ and the +documentation files in:\\ \path|c:\Program +Files\TeXLive\texmf-local\doc\latex\maple\| + +\subsection{Uninstalling \protect\TL{}} + +The uninstall procedure is available either from the \file{TeXLive.exe} +program, from the \path|TeXLive| menu or from the control panel +(\guiseq{Start \arw Control Panel, Add/Remove Programs}). This procedure +will cleanup your hard disk of most of the \TL{} files. However, +\TeX{} is a system that is creating files and there is no mechanism to +keep track of all of them. Moreover, Win32 support packages have their +own uninstall procedure, which you will have to run separately (provided +you want to get rid of them). Last, the files you may have stored in +\path|$TEXMFLOCAL| won't be removed. So, even if the vast majority of +files are automatically removed by the uninstall procedure, you will +have to do some manual cleanup to actually remove all of them. + +\subsection{Running \texttt{TeXSetup.exe} from the command line} + +The \path|TeXSetup.exe| program has a number of other useful +options. You can get the list by running: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\>TeXSetup --help +\end{verbatim} + +Here is the description: +\begin{description} +\item[\path|--automatic-reboot|] reboot without waiting user + confirmation once installation is over; +\item[\path|--dry-run|] do nothing, just log everything that will be + done without this option; +\item[\path|--quick|] use the recommended installation and default + directories, ask nothing up to rebooting; +\item[\path|--with-xemtex|] selects the \XEmTeX{} bundle; +\item[\path|--net-method (=ie5/direct)|] enable to download components with + restricted licenses from the Internet (either using direct + connection of Internet Explorer 5 DLLs): you need to have an available + network connection and some of the packages are huge; +\item[\path|--remote-source-directory <url>|] this is the base url for the remote packages; +\item[\path|--local-source-directory <dir>|] by default, \path|TeXSetup.exe| + will guess the root directory of the set of files you want it to act on, if you ever + upgrade \path|TeXSetup.exe|, you won't be able to copy the new version + onto your \CD{}, so you will need to use this option to specify the + root of the \CD{}; +\item[\path|--installation-directory <dir>|] this is the root of your + installation, all files will be copied under this location. The + default value is \verb+c:\Program Files\TL+; +\item[\path|--texmfmain-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--texmflocal-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--texmfextra-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--texmfhome-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--vartexmf-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--vartexfonts-directory <dir>|] these are the directories + used to configure the location of your files. They map directly to + the \path|texmf.cnf| variables. +\item[\path|--with-source-files(=yes/no)|] copy the source files + for \TeX{} packages, default value is no; +\item[\path|--with-documentation-files(=yes/no)|] copy documentation files for \TeX{} + packages. Default value is yes. Beware: this is only documentation about specific + packages, general documentation will be installed anyway; +\item[\path|--program-folder <folder>|] the name of the folder under + which you will find the menus; +\item[\path|--add-package <pkg>|] this is used to add or update a specific + package after a first regular installation; +\item[\path|--scheme <pkg>|] install the named scheme instead of the + default \path|texlive-recommended| scheme; +\item[\path|--maintenance|] mostly the same as \path|--add-package| + without specifying a package to add; +\item[\path|--uninstall|] this option will remove anything \TeX{} related coming from + the \CD{}, which means there can be files left if you added style + files or format files, and also that supplementary tools will not be + removed. This option is still a bit crude in this release; +\item[\path|--help|] this option opens up a box with the list of options. +\end{description} + +\subsection{Network installation} + +\KPS{} knows about UNC names, so you can use them to get your TEXMF +tree from the network. But there is better than this. +All the support files and configuration files, everything except the files in the +\path|bin/win32| are shareable with a \teTeX{} or Unix \TL{} installation. That means +you can use Samba either to mount from an NT server to a Unix +workstation or the converse. Several strategies are possible: +\begin{itemize} +\item Put everything on the server. Just add each set of files for the os and +architecture you want to use in the \path|bin| directory. That means +for example \path|bin/win32| and \path|bin/i386-linux|. Next configure +your main variables. You can use UNC names to +point to the right directories under Win32. +\item Install a local copy for the binaries and format files. In this + case, assign \path|$TEXMFMAIN| to the main \path|texmf| tree that + will be accessed remotely. Set \path|$VARTEXMF| to be a local + directory which will hold local configuration files and on-the-fly + generated files. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Personal configurations} + +\subsubsection{Dvips} + +The configuration file for dvips can be found in\\ +\verb+C:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf-var\dvips\config\config.ps+\\ +You may open it with any editor + %(\cmdname{WinShell} will do fine) + and change some parameters: + +\begin{description} +\item [fonts] you can change the default printer \MF{} mode or printer + resolution in case \cmdname{dvips} needs to generate PK fonts. By default it + is configured to use Type~1 versions of the CM fonts, so it should + not call \cmdname{mktexpk} too often; +\item[printer] you can tell dvips where you want to print by default. If + the \optname{o} option is not followed by a printer name, then a + \file{.ps} \PS{} file is written. You can give dvips a printer + name such as: +\begin{verbatim} +o lpt1: +% o | lpr -S server -P myprinter +% o \\server\myprinter +\end{verbatim} +\item[paper] Next, you might want + to change the paper size from European (A4) to US letter + by making the US letter the first paper size mentioned in the file. + Scroll to the group of lines beginning with \code{@}. Move + the appropriate lines so that this section begins with the lines:\\ +\hspace*{1em} @ letterSize 8.5in 11in\\ +\hspace*{1em} @ letter 8.5in 11in\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ \%\%BeginPaperSize: Letter\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ letter\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ \%\%EndPaperSize +\end{description} + +The current \TL{} distribution implements the procedure of making +always up-to-date fontmaps files for Dvips and Pdftex. This is done by +the \cmdname{updmap} program during installation, as well as during any +font package addition. If you add new packages by hand, edit the file +\verb+updmap.cfg+ in \path|$VARTEXMF/web2c|. + +\subsubsection{Pdftex} + +If you use the program pdf{}latex to write \acro{PDF} format directly, +and you are using \acro{US} letter-size paper, edit the file +\verb+C:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf-var\tex\generic\config\pdftexconfig.tex+ and +change \samp{\bs pdfpagewidth} and \samp{\bs pdfpageheight}. These entries should read: +\begin{alltt} +\bs{}pdfpagewidth=8.5 true in +\bs{}pdfpageheight=11 true in +\end{alltt} +Save the file and exit the editor. + +\subsubsection{GSView} +GSView is now distributed under the Aladdin License, and therefore is no longer included in +\TL{}. + +If you may want to change the page size to US letter size. If so, open +GSView from the \guiseq{Start} menu, and select \guiseq{Media\arw Letter}. + +Also, there are menu settings that are supposed to give you the most +readable screen image. On \guiseq{Media \arw Display Settings}, set both +\optname{Text Alpha} and \optname{Graphics Alpha} to 4~bits. + +Note that the installation process has set all \code{.ps} and +\code{.eps} files to automatically open with \cmdname{GSView}. + +For printing instructions, see section~\ref{printing} below. + +\subsubsection{WinDvi} +\label{sub:windvi} + +The \file{TeXSetup.exe} program takes care of associating the files +with the \file{.dvi} extension with \file{Windvi}. + +Open it with \guiseq{Start\arw Programs\arw TeXLive\arw DVI Viewer}. + +You can set it for US letter-size paper by going to \guiseq{View\arw +Options\arw Papertype} and selecting US (8.5\verb+"+ x 11\verb+"+) (and +then \optname{OK}. Exit \cmdname{windvi}. + +You can change other parameters from there as well, such as the ability +to execute system commands specified by the document (disabled by +default for security reasons). Also, the first time you view any .dvi +file, you may find the magnification too large. Zoom out until you get +an appropriate size. + +%There are two important parameters related to printing that can't yet +%be set from the dialog boxes, namely the resolution and the \MF{} mode +%for the printer. You can set them once for all by specifying them on +%the command line: +%\begin{verbatim} +%c:\>windvi -p 360 -mfmode canonbjc foo.dvi +%\end{verbatim} +%When you will exit Windvi, these parameters will be stored in the +%configuration file. The available modes are found in this file:\\ +%\path|c:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf\metafont\misc\modes.mf| + +All configuration settings for \cmdname{Windvi} are stored in a file +named \path|windvi.cnf| file. You can find it by running this command at +the prompt: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\>kpsewhich --expand-var $HOME/windvi.cnf +\end{verbatim} + +Should you have problems with \cmdname{Windvi}, please remove the configuration +file and test your problem against a vanilla configuration. + +\subsection{Testing} + +For generic verification procedures, see section~\ref{sec:test-install} +(\p.\pageref{sec:test-install}). This section describes +Windows-specific tests. + +Open the file \verb+sample2e.tex+ in your editor (Xemacs, WinShell), +found in \path|C:\Local\TeX\texmf\tex\latex\base|. The \LaTeX\ source +should appear on the screen. Process it by clicking on the +\guiseq{Command\arw LaTeX} menu (XEmacs) or \LaTeX\ icon on the toolbar +(WinShell), then view it by clicking on the \guiseq{Command\arw View DVI} +menu (XEmacs) or Preview (Windvi) icon (WinShell). + +At first, when you preview files with Windvi, it will create fonts because +screen fonts were not installed. After a while, you will have created most +of the fonts you use, and you will rarely see the font-creation window. + +\textbf{Hint for the future:} If a \LaTeX\ run stops because \LaTeX\ +cannot find a file, you can press Ctrl-z to quit. + + +\subsection{Printing} +\label{printing} + +It is possible to print from Windvi. In this case, printing will be done +using the Windows unified printer driver. By definition, it is +compatible with all printers. However, there is some drawback: it can +generate some huge spool files, and some (older) versions of Windows +just don't like them. The advantage is that you can use features like +embedding BMP or WMF images. You also need to make sure that the printer +parameters are correctly set (subsection~\ref{sub:windvi}), else you +will get scaled printing (printing at 600\dpi{} on a 300\dpi{} printer +will give you only one quadrant of your page). + + +Printing is faster and more reliable if you run \cmdname{dvips} to make +a \filename{.ps} file and then print from \cmdname{GSView}. In +\cmdname{GSview}, select \guiseq{File\arw Print\ldots}. A \guiseq{Print} +window will appear. + +If you are using a \PS{} printer, \textit{be sure to select +\guiseq{\PS{} Printer}}. This is done in the \guiseq{Print Method} box +at the bottom left of the \guiseq{Print} window. You can then select any +of the printers that you have previously installed. If you fail to +check the box for \optname{\PS{} Printer}, printing will not work. + +If you will be using your own non-\PS{} printer, select +\guiseq{Ghostscript device} in the \guiseq{Print Method} box, then click +on the button to the right labelled \guiseq{djet500} and select your +printer type from the list that pops up. (In the older version of +\cmdname{GSView}, make sure \optname{\PS{} Printer} is \textit{not} +selected, then select your printer type from the \guiseq{Device} list.) + +\subsection{Tips and tricks for Win32} + +\subsubsection{Different flavors of Win32} + +What we call Win32 is not an operating system by itself. It is a large +set of functions (around 12,000 in the header files of the Microsoft +\acro{SDK}) that you can use to write programs for different operating +systems of the Windows family. + +Windows comes in different flavors: +\begin{itemize} +\item Win95, Win98 and Win\acro{ME}, which \emph{are not true multitasking, + multithreading} environments. They are the latest\Dash and hopefully + last\Dash metamorphosis of \acro{DOS}. This can be more or less proven + by the fact that when booting, the PC will load the \path|command.com| + interpreter, and if you stop the boot process at this point, you can + ask for the current (\acro{DOS}) version and it will answer something + like \samp{MS-DOS 7.0} (at least for the old versions of Win9x). +\item Windows \acro{NT}, which is a new operating system written from + scratch, capable of true multitasking behavior, and including many + high level features. +\item Windows 2000, based on \acro{NT}, with all the bells and + whistles of Win98. +\item Windows \acro{XP}, which comes with Personal and Pro flavors. This is + the last step in merging both lines of products (Win9x based and + \acro{NT} based). \acro{XP} is based on \acro{NT}. +\end{itemize} + +Win9x are able to run 32~bits programs and 16~bits programs +concurrently. But the operating system by itself is not entirely +written in 32~bits mode, and does not support memory protection: 16bits +applications can overwrite parts of the operating system memory! Some +parts of the system like the \acro{GDI} (Graphical Device Interface) +manage limited resources like bitmaps, fonts, pens and so on for the set +of all programs that run concurrently. All the bitmaps headers available +at the same time can't amount for more than 64kB. This explains the +performance tool and the fact that you can put your system on his knees +by making intensive use of graphic objects for example. + +NT, 2K and XP do not suffer from these limitations, and neither from +other Win9x limitations. They are true multitasking environments, with +protected memory. They are much more responsive than Win9x because +of better memory management, better file system and so on. + +\subsubsection{Command line prompt} + +You may wonder, ``Why would I need to use a command line prompt when +I have Windows?'' + +Good question. The problem is of very general nature. Not all operations +can be done easily using only a \acro{GUI}. Command line gives you +programming power\Dash assuming a clever command interpreter. + +But the problem here is more fundamental: \TeX{} is \emph{a batch} +tool. Not an interactive one. \TeX{} needs to compute the best +layout for each page, resolve cross-references and so on. This can be +done only by a global processing of the document. It is not (yet) a +task that can be done interactively. + +This means that you should use \TeX{} from a command line. In fact the +situation is not so bad. There is an advantage to write command line +tools for complex processing: they are better debugged, because they are +independent of any \acro{GUI} problems, and \acro{GUI} tools can be +designed to interface to the command line tools. This is the case for +\TeX{}, where you will mostly interact with it through a \acro{GUI} text +editor. + +However, you may need to use the command line prompt in a number of +situations. One is when you are having difficulties and want to debug +your setup. + +\begin{description} + \item[Win9x] You can open a command line prompt by looking either for + the \acro{MS-DOS} icon in the \guiseq{Start\arw Programs} menu, + or by choosing \guiseq{Start\arw Run} menu typing in + \path|command.com| as the progrm name. + \item[NT, 2K, XP] You can open a command line prompt by looking for + \guiseq{Command Prompt} in the \guiseq{Start\arw Accessories} menu. + You can also choose \guiseq{Start\arw Run} and type in + \path|cmd.exe|, which is the name of the brand new command + interpreter for \acro{NT} (thus, it is untrue to call this a + \emph{DOS} box!). +\end{description} + +These locations may change across different Windows versions. + + +\subsubsection{Path separators} + +The Win32 API understands both \path|/| and \path|\| characters as PATH +separators. But the command interpreters do not! So whenever a path name +is used programmatically, you can use both separators, and even mix them +up in the same path name. But on the command line, you must type +\path|\| as path separator. The reason is compatibility: the command +processor used \samp{/} to introduce arguments to commands. + +All this to say: do not be surprised to read path names written using +the Unix convention; \fpTeX{} is a port of \Webc, and aims to be compatible +across platforms. For this reason, all the configuration files that +need to specify path names use the Unix convention. + +\subsubsection{File systems} +\label{sec:clusters} + +The worst feature of Win9x with regard to \TeX{} is probably the +so-called FAT file system. \TeX{} uses very many small files, with size +around 1--3kB. The \acro{FAT} file system is old, and predates by +decades the multi-gigabytes hard disks we have today. As a result, it +cannot manage efficiently the tens of thousands of \TeX{} files found in +\TL{}. The \acro{FAT} file system allocates a minimum of 32kB for +\emph{any} file on a huge partition. It means that \TeX{} will use much +more disk space than it actually needs. + +The other, more modern, file systems available, \acro{FAT32} and +\acro{NTFS}, do not have this drawback. They manage clusters of 4kB +only. (You can lower the limit to 512 bytes on \acro{NTFS}.) + +\subsubsection{How to add some directory to your PATH} + +There are pairs of variables and values which behave much like global +variables inside your programs. The set of those variables is called the +environment. Each program is initialized with a copy of the +environment when it is run. It can request and change the +value of any variable. The changes happen in the copy of the +environment, and is not at all propagated to the other running +programs. + +Your PATH is a special environment variable used to search for +programs you want to run. +There is a different procedure to change it for Win9x, WinME and NT/2K/XP: + +\begin{description} +\item[Windows 95/98] Edit your \path|autoexec.bat|. In this file should be a line + starting with \texttt{PATH=} and followed by a list of directories separated + by \path|;|. Please add the directory with the executables in this line. + After this, this line could look as follows: +\begin{verbatim} +PATH=c:\windows;c:\windows\system;c:\"Program Files"\TL\bin\win32 +\end{verbatim} +\item[Windows ME] You need to run the special program + \path|c:\windows\system\msconfig.exe| to be able to change any + environment variable. From this program, select the `Environment' + tab, and then add or modify the variable you want. You will be asked to reboot the + machine upon any change. +\item[Windows NT/2K/XP] + Click left on \guiseq{Start \arw Settings \arw Control Panel}. Now the + window with the control panel icons opens. Double click on System. The + System Properties window opens. Click on the tab \textsf{Environment} + or look for a button named \guiseq{Environment Variables} among the + dialog boxes. Now you can change the environment variables for your + user account. Note: There are also displayed the environment settings + for the system. Normally, you can't change the system variables + unless you have administrator rights on your machine. If you want to + change the \texttt{PATH} for all users, you will have to contact your + system administrator or be the system administrator yourself\Dash in + the latter case you should know what you are doing. + + If there is already a \texttt{PATH} setting for your user account, + left click on \texttt{PATH}. In the field \textsf{Variable} appears + \texttt{PATH} while the field Value shows the current setting of + \texttt{PATH} as a list of directories separated by \path|;|. Add + the directory where the executables are located (e.g. + \path|c:\Program Files\TeXLive\bin\win32|). If there isn't a \texttt{PATH} variable + for your user account, simply click in the field Variable and type + in \texttt{PATH}, click in the field \textsf{Value} + and type in the directory with the executables. Important: Click on + the \textsf{Apply} button before clicking \textsf{Ok}, otherwise the + changes to \texttt{PATH} won't apply to your system. Be careful when + changing the environment settings. +\end{description} + +The best way to be sure that a variable has been properly set is to +open a console and type: +\begin{verbatim} +set VARIABLE +\end{verbatim} +which should return the corresponding value. + +\subsubsection{\TeX{} engines} + +If you have a look at the \Webc{} documentation, you will read that all +the various \TeX{} derived programs use the same base engine. For +example, \path|tex.exe| and \path|latex.exe| are exact copies of the +same program, but each one will use a different format file, based on +its calling name. + +Under Unix, this feature is implemented through \emph{symbolic +links}. It saves up a bit of disk space, because some engines are +used with many different format files. + +The Win32 API does not know about file links. So to save up almost +the same amount of memory, all the \TeX{} base engines have been put +in DLLs (\emph{Dynamic Linked Library}). This means that you will have +the following layout: +\begin{alltt} +13/05/2002 17:06 3 584 latex.exe +13/05/2002 17:06 266 240 tex.dll +13/05/2002 17:06 3 584 tex.exe +\end{alltt} +and the \path|latex.exe| file is nothing but a rough copy of +\path|tex.exe| using the same core \path|tex.dll|. +The same trick has been used for the \path|mktex*.exe| family of programs which are +linked to the \path|mktex.dll| library. + +In fact, a generic tool called \path|lnexe.exe| is provided to build the +equivalent of Unix hard links for executable files only under Win32. + +\subsection{In case of problems} +\label{sec:troubleshooting} + +\subsubsection{What to do if \texttt{latex} does not find your files?} + +\begin{itemize} + +\item \cmdname{kpsewhich} is the tool of choice to debug any +problem. Unfortunately, \cmdname{kpsewhich} outputs debug information +to stderr, and the Windows console does not know how to redirect stderr +to a file\footnote{Well, NT and Win2k consoles know how to do that. But +the trick will work for any console.}. For diagnostic purposes you can +temporarily set an environment variable (in a \acro{DOS} box): + +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=err.log +\end{verbatim} +You can also set the debug level: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG=-1 +\end{verbatim} + +If you want to redirect stderr to stdout, which is not possible +Windows, then do: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=con: +\end{verbatim} +This way you can capture both stdout and stderr in the same file. + +\item Assuming the installation has been done in \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive|, check + the following values: \\ + {\small + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $SELFAUTOPARENT| & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMF| & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMFCNF| & + \path|.;c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/web2c;| \\ + & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/bin/win32;| \\ + & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/bin;| \\ + & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-var $TEXINPUTS| & \path|.;c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/tex//| + \end{tabular} +} +\item If you have other \TeX{}-related values already set in your + environment, please, remove them. They are overriding the ones in + texmf.cnf. +\item Check the values from:\\ +{\small + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \texttt{kpsewhich cmr10.tfm} & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm|\\ + \texttt{kpsewhich latex.fmt}& \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/web2c/latex.fmt| + \end{tabular} +} +\item At this point, if everything is correct, \TeX{} and friends + should work. If it is not the case, you will need to play with + the \path|-debug=n| option from \path|kpsewhich|, and check back all + the values. Try to identify and report the problem. +\end{itemize} + +\subsubsection{What to do if your setup still does not work as expected?} + +Here are several questions to investigate: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Is \file{tex.exe} in my \path|PATH|? + +\item Is the \path|TEXMFCNF| variable correctly set to +\path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf-var/web2c| (default value)? + +\item Are there any errors in the log file generated by the +\file{TeXSetup.exe} program? You can find this by searching for the +string \samp{Error}. + +\item Are there any relevant bug fixes at \url{http://tug.org/texlive/}? +(Unlikely, but it doesn't hurt to check.) + +\item Check the web pages at +\url{http://www.fptex.org/}, or consider subscribing to the \fpTeX{} +mailing list, via \url{http://tug.org/mailman/listinfo/fptex}. + +\end{enumerate} + + +The \TL{} software consists of hundreds of programs and tens of +thousands of files, all from varying sources. So it is quite difficult to +predict all possible causes for problems. Nevertheless, we will do our +best to help you. (See section~\ref{sec:help}, \p.\pageref{sec:help}.) + + +\subsection{Compiling the source files} + +The whole set of source files is available in the distribution as the +\path|source/source.tar.bz2| archive, together with a separate source +archive for Windows. To be able to compile the whole distribution for +Windows, you will need: + +\begin{itemize*} +\item Windows 2K/XP +\item Microsoft Visual Studio .Net 2003 +\item a set of Unix tools (\texttt{sed}, + \texttt{grep}, \texttt{gawk}, etc.) and also Perl, Flex and Bison, +\item to adjust the paths in the + \path|win32/make/common.mak| file according to your installation +\item to adjust the paths in the Perl script file + \path|win32/perl/build.pl|, +\item run the compilation from the \path|mswin32/| directory using this + command: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\texlive\source\mswin32>perl ./perl/build.pl --install --log=install.log +\end{verbatim} +\end{itemize*} + +There is a lot of work to do to make this process easier and cleaner. + +\subsection{Where to get more information} + +The Windows \TeX{} system included on \TL{} is also known as +\fpTeX. The packaging differs, but \fpTeX{} is no more no less than the +current \TL\ release for Windows. + +The \fpTeX{} home page is \url{http://www.fptex.org}. + +The current \fpTeX release is available from any \CTAN site in +\url{htp://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/systems/win32/fptex}. + +The main ftp site for \fpTeX\ is \url{ftp://ftp.dante.de/pub/fptex/} +from where beta versions of \fpTeX\ and additionnal tools are available. +This main site is (partially) mirrored daily by all \CTAN{} sites at +\path|systems/win32/fptex|. + +The \TeX{} Users Group is kindly hosting a mailing list dedicated to +\fpTeX. It is used for announcements, bug reports, enhancement requests, +and general discussion about \fpTeX. To subscribe, visit +\url{http://tug.org/mailman/listinfo/fptex}. The mailing list +address is \email{fptex@tug.org}. + + +% don't use \Webc so the \uppercase in the headline works. +\section{A user's guide to Web2C} + +\Webc{} is an integrated collection of \TeX-related programs: \TeX{} +itself, \MF{}, \MP, \BibTeX{}, etc. It is the heart of \TL{}. + +A bit of history: The original implementation was by Tomas Rokicki who, +in 1987, developed a first \TeX{}-to-C system based on change files +under Unix, which were primarily the original work of Howard Trickey and +Pavel Curtis. Tim Morgan became the maintainer of the system, and +during this period the name changed to Web-to-C\@. In 1990, Karl Berry +took over the work, assisted by dozens of additional contributors, and +in 1997 he handed the baton to Olaf Weber. + +The \Webc{} system runs on Unix, 32-bit Windows systems, \MacOSX{}, and +other operating systems. It uses Knuth's original sources for \TeX{} and +other basic programs written in \web{} and translates them into C source +code. The core \TeX{} programs are: + +\begin{cmddescription} +\item[bibtex] Maintaining bibliographies. +\item[dmp] \cmdname{troff} to MPX (\MP{} pictures). +\item[dvicopy] Expands virtual font references in \dvi{} files. +\item[dvitomp] \dvi{} to MPX (MetaPost pictures). +\item[dvitype] \dvi{} to human-readable text. +\item[gftodvi] Generic font proofsheets. +\item[gftopk] Generic to packed fonts. +\item[gftype] GF to human-readable text. +\item[makempx] \MP{} label typesetting. +\item[mf] Creating typeface families. +\item[mft] Prettyprinting \MF{} source. +\item[mpost] Creating technical diagrams. +\item[mpto] MetaPost label extraction. +\item[newer] Compare modification times. +\item[patgen] Creating hyphenation patterns. +\item[pktogf] Packed to generic fonts. +\item[pktype] PK to human-readable text. +\item[pltotf] Plain text property list to TFM. +\item[pooltype] Display \web{} pool files. +\item[tangle] \web{} to Pascal. +\item[tex] Typesetting. +\item[tftopl] TFM to plain text property list. +\item[vftovp] Virtual font to virtual property list. +\item[vptovf] Virtual property list to virtual font. +\item[weave] \web{} to \TeX. +\end{cmddescription} + +\noindent The precise functions and syntax of these programs are +described in the documentation of the individual packages and of \Webc{} +itself. However, knowing a few principles governing the whole family of +programs will help you take advantage of your \Webc{} installation. + +All programs honor these standard \acro{GNU} options: +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[-{}-help] print basic usage summary. +\item[-{}-verbose] print detailed progress report. +\item[-{}-version] print version information, then exit. +\end{ttdescription} + +For locating files the \Webc{} programs use the path searching library +\KPS{}. This library uses a combination of environment variables and a +configuration files to optimize searching the (huge) collection of +\TeX{} files. \Webc{} can look at more than one directory tree +simultaneously, which is useful in maintaining \TeX's standard +distribution and local extensions in two distinct trees. To speed up +file searches the root of each tree has a file \file{ls-R}, containing +an entry showing the name and relative pathname for all files under that +root. + +\subsection{Kpathsea path searching} + +Let us first describe the generic path searching mechanism of the \KPS{} +library. + +We call a \emph{search path} a colon- or semicolon\hyph sepa\-rated list +of \emph{path elements}, which are basically directory names. A +search path can come from (a combination of) many sources. To look up +a file \samp{my-file} along a path \samp{.:/dir}, \KPS{} checks each +element of the path in turn: first \file{./my-file}, then +\file{/dir/my-file}, returning the first match (or possibly all +matches). + +In order to adapt optimally to all operating systems' conventions, on +non-Unix systems \KPS{} can use filename separators different from +colon (\samp{:}) and slash (\samp{/}). + +To check a particular path element \var{p}, \KPS{} first checks if a +prebuilt database (see ``Filename data\-base'' on +page~\pageref{Filename-database}) applies to \var{p}, i.e., if the database +is in a directory that is a prefix of \var{p}. If so, the path +specification is matched against the contents of the database. + +If the database does not exist, or does not apply to this path +element, or contains no matches, the filesystem is searched (if this +was not forbidden by a specification starting with \samp{!!}\ and if +the file being searched for must exist). \KPS{} constructs the list +of directories that correspond to this path element, and then checks +in each for the file being sought. + +The ``file must exist'' condition comes into play with \samp{.vf} files and +input files read by \TeX's \cs{openin} command. Such files may not +exist (e.g., \file{cmr10.vf}), and so it would be wrong to search the +disk for them. Therefore, if you fail to update \file{ls-R} when you +install a new \samp{.vf} file, it will never be found. +Each path element is checked in turn: first the database, then the +disk. If a match is found, the search stops and the result is +returned. + +Although the simplest and most common path element is a directory +name, \KPS{} supports additional features in search paths: layered +default values, environment variable names, config file values, users' +home directories, and recursive subdirectory searching. Thus, we say +that \KPS{} \emph{expands} a path element, meaning it transforms all +the specifications into basic directory name or names. This is +described in the following sections in the same order as it takes +place. + +Note that if the filename being searched for is absolute or explicitly +relative, i.e., starts with \samp{/} or \samp{./} or \samp{../}, +\KPS{} simply checks if that file exists. + +\ifSingleColumn +\else +\begin{figure*} +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{0pt} + \caption{An illustrative configuration file sample} + \label{fig:config-sample} +\end{figure*} +\fi + +\subsubsection{Path sources} +\label{Path-sources} + +A search path can come from many sources. In the order in which +\KPS{} uses them: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item + A user-set environment variable, for instance, \envname{TEXINPUTS}\@. + Environment variables with a period and a program name appended + override; e.g., if \samp{latex} is the name of the program being run, + then \envname{TEXINPUTS.latex} will override \envname{TEXINPUTS}. +\item + A program-specific configuration file, for exam\-ple, a line + \samp{S /a:/b} in \cmdname{dvips}'s \file{config.ps}. +\item A \KPS{} configuration file \file{texmf.cnf}, containing a line like + \samp{TEXINPUTS=/c:/d} (see below). +\item The compile-time default. +\end{enumerate} +\noindent You can see each of these values for a given +search path by using the debugging options (see ``Debugging actions'' +on page~\pageref{Debugging}). + +\subsubsection{Config files} + +\begingroup\tolerance=3500 +\KPS{} reads \emph{runtime configuration files} named \file{texmf.cnf} +for search path and other definitions. The search path used to look +for these files is named \envname{TEXMFCNF} (by default such a file lives +in the \file{texmf/web2c} subdirectory). \emph{All} +\file{texmf.cnf} files in the search path will be read and definitions +in earlier files override those in later files. Thus, with a search +path of \verb|.:$TEXMF|, values from \file{./texmf.cnf} override those +from \verb|$TEXMF/texmf.cnf|. +\endgroup + +\begin{itemize} +\item + Comments start with \code{\%} and continue to the end of the line. +\item + Blank lines are ignored. +\item + A \bs{} at the end of a line acts as a continuation character, + i.e., the next line is appended. Whitespace at the beginning of + continuation lines is not ignored. +\item + Each remaining line has the form: +\begin{alltt} + \var{variable}[.\var{progname}] [=] \var{value} +\end{alltt}% + where the \samp{=} and surrounding whitespace are optional. +\item + The \ttvar{variable} name may contain any character other + than whitespace, \samp{=}, or \samp{.}, but sticking to + \samp{A-Za-z\_} is safest. +\item + If \samp{.\var{progname}} is present, the definition only + applies if the program that is running is named + \texttt{\var{progname}} or \texttt{\var{progname}.exe}. This allows + different flavors of \TeX{} to have different search paths, for + example. +\item \var{value} may contain any characters except + \code{\%} and \samp{@}. The + \code{\$\var{var}.\var{prog}} feature is not available on the + right-hand side; instead, you must use an additional variable. A + \samp{;}\ in \var{value} is translated to \samp{:}\ if + running under Unix; this is useful to be able to have a single + \file{texmf.cnf} for Unix, \acro{MS-DOS} and Windows systems. +\item + All definitions are read before anything is expanded, so + variables can be referenced before they are defined. +\end{itemize} +A configuration file fragment illustrating most of these points is +\ifSingleColumn +shown below: + +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\else +shown in Figure~\ref{fig:config-sample}. +\fi + +\subsubsection{Path expansion} +\label{Path-expansion} + + +\KPS{} recognizes certain special characters and constructions in +search paths, similar to those available in Unix shells. As a +general example, the complex path, +\verb+~$USER/{foo,bar}//baz+, expands to all subdirectories under +directories \file{foo} and \file{bar} in \texttt{\$USER}'s home +directory that contain a directory or file \file{baz}. These +expansions are explained in the sections below. +%$ +\subsubsection{Default expansion} +\label{Default-expansion} + +\tolerance=2500 +If the highest-priority search path (see ``Path sources'' on +page~\pageref{Path-sources}) contains an \emph{extra colon} (i.e., +leading, trailing, or doubled), \KPS{} inserts at that point the +next-highest-prio\-rity search path that is defined. If that inserted +path has an extra colon, the same happens with the next highest. For +example, given an environment variable setting + +\tolerance=1500 + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{setenv TEXINPUTS /home/karl:} +\end{alltt} +and a \code{TEXINPUTS} value from \file{texmf.cnf} of + +\begin{alltt} + .:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} +then the final value used for searching will be: + +\begin{alltt} + /home/karl:.:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} + +Since it would be useless to insert the default value in more than one +place, \KPS{} changes only one extra \samp{:}\ and leaves any others in +place. It checks first for a leading \samp{:}, then a trailing +\samp{:}, then a doubled \samp{:}. + +\subsubsection{Brace expansion} + +A useful feature is brace expansion, which means that, for instance, +\verb+v{a,b}w+ expands to \verb+vaw:vbw+. Nesting is allowed. +This can be used to implement multiple \TeX{} hierarchies, by +assigning a brace list to \code{\$TEXMF}. +For example, in \file{texmf.cnf}, you find +the following definition: +\begin{verbatim} + TEXMF = {$HOMETEXMF,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$VARTEXMF,!!$TEXMFMAIN} +\end{verbatim} +Using this you can then write something like +\begin{verbatim} + TEXINPUTS = .;$TEXMF/tex// +\end{verbatim} +%$ +which means that, after looking in the current directory, the +\code{\$HOMETEXMF/tex}, \code{\$TEXMFLOCAL/tex}, \code{\$VARTEXMF/tex} +and \code{\$TEXMFMAIN/tex} trees \emph{only}) will be searched (the +last two use using \file{ls-R} data base files). It is a convenient +way for running two parallel \TeX{} structures, one ``frozen'' (on a +\CD, for instance) and the other being continuously updated with new +versions as they become available. By using the \code{\$TEXMF} +variable in all definitions, one is sure to always search the +up-to-date tree first. + +\subsubsection{Subdirectory expansion} +\label{Subdirectory-expansion} + +Two or more consecutive slashes in a path element following a directory +\var{d} is replaced by all subdirectories of \var{d}: first those +subdirectories directly under \var{d}, then the subsubdirectories under +those, and so on. At each level, the order in which the directories are +searched is \emph{unspecified}. + +If you specify any filename components after the \samp{//}, only +subdirectories with matching components are included. For example, +\samp{/a//b} expands into directories \file{/a/1/b}, \file{/a/2/b}, +\file{/a/1/1/b}, and so on, but not \file{/a/b/c} or \file{/a/1}. + +Multiple \samp{//} constructs in a path are possible, but +\samp{//} at the beginning of a path is ignored. + +\subsubsection{List of special characters and their meaning: a summary} + +The following list summarizes the special characters in \KPS{} +configuration files. + +% need a wider space for the item labels here. +\newcommand{\CODE}[1]{\makebox[3em][l]{\code{#1}}} +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\CODE{:}] Separator in path specification; at the beginning or + the end of a path it substitutes the default path expansion.\par +\item[\CODE{;}] Separator on non-Unix systems (acts like \code{:}). +\item[\CODE{\$}] Variable expansion. +\item[\CODE{\string~}] Represents the user's home directory. +\item[\CODE{\char`\{...\char`\}}] Brace expansion. +\item[\CODE{//}] Subdirectory expansion (can occur anywhere in + a path, except at its beginning). +\item[\CODE{\%}] Start of comment. +\item[\CODE{\bs}] Continuation character (allows multi-line entries). +\item[\CODE{!!}] Search \emph{only} database to locate file, \emph{do + not} search the disk. +\end{ttdescription} + + +\subsection{Filename databases} +\label{Filename-database} + +\KPS{} goes to some lengths to minimize disk accesses for searches. +Nevertheless, at installations with enough directories, searching each +possible directory for a given file can take an excessively long time +(this is especially true if many hundreds of font directories have to +be traversed.) Therefore, \KPS{} can use an externally-built plain text +``database'' file named \file{ls-R} that maps files to directories, +thus avoiding the need to exhaustively search the disk. + +A second database file \file{aliases} allows you to give additional +names to the files listed in \file{ls-R}. This can be helpful to +confirm to \acro{DOS} 8.3 filename conventions in source files. + +\subsubsection{The filename database} +\label{ls-R} + +As explained above, the name of the main filename database must be +\file{ls-R}. You can put one at the root of each \TeX{} hierarchy in +your installation that you wish to be searched (\code{\$TEXMF} by +default); most sites have only one hierarchy. \KPS{} looks for +\file{ls-R} files along the \code{TEXMFDBS} path. + +The recommended way to create and maintain \samp{ls-R} is to run the +\code{mktexlsr} script included with the distribution. It is invoked +by the various \samp{mktex}\dots\ scripts. In principle, this script +just runs the command +\begin{alltt} +cd \var{/your/texmf/root} && \path|\|ls -1LAR ./ >ls-R +\end{alltt} +presuming your system's \code{ls} produces the right output format +(\acro{GNU} \code{ls} is all right). To ensure that the database is +always up-to-date, it is easiest to rebuild it regularly via +\code{cron}, so that it is automatically updated when the installed +files change, such as after installing or updating a \LaTeX{} package. + +If a file is not found in the database, by default \KPS{} goes ahead +and searches the disk. If a particular path element begins with +\samp{!!}, however, \emph{only} the database will be searched for that +element, never the disk. + + +\subsubsection{kpsewhich: Standalone path searching} +\label{Invoking-kpsewhich} + +The \texttt{kpsewhich} program exercises path searching independent of any +particular application. This can be useful as a sort of \code{find} +program to locate files in \TeX{} hierarchies (this is used heavily in +the distributed \samp{mktex}\dots\ scripts). + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich \var{option}\dots{} \var{filename}\dots{}} +\end{alltt} +The options specified in \ttvar{option} start with either \samp{-} +or \samp{-{}-}, and any unambiguous abbreviation is accepted. + +\KPS{} looks up each non-option argument on the command line as a +filename, and returns the first file found. There is no option to +return all the files with a particular name (you can run the Unix +\samp{find} utility for that). + +The more important options are described next. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{-{}-dpi=\var{num}}]\mbox{} + Set the resolution to \ttvar{num}; this only affects \samp{gf} + and \samp{pk} lookups. \samp{-D} is a synonym, for compatibility + with \cmdname{dvips}. Default is 600. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-format=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the format for lookup to \ttvar{name}. By default, the + format is guessed from the filename. For formats which do not have + an associated unambiguous suffix, such as \MP{} support files and + \cmdname{dvips} configuration files, you have to specify the name as + found in the first column of table~\ref{tab:kpathsea}, which lists + currently recognized names, a description, possible file extensions, + and associated environment variables. +\end{ttdescription} + + +\def\KpathKey#1#2#3#4#5{% name, number, description, variables, + % suffixes +\SetRowColor#1 & #3 & #4 & #5\\} +\def\HEAD#1{\multicolumn{1}{l}{\emph{#1}}} +% +\begin{small} +% a footnoterule immediately under a bottom-of-page rule looks dead +% silly, so we suppress it +\renewcommand\footnoterule{\relax} +% +\begin{longtable}{@{}% + >{\ttfamily}P{.16\textwidth}% Col.1 + P{.3\textwidth}% Col 2 + >{\ttfamily\footnotesize}P{.29\textwidth}% Col 3 + >{\ttfamily}P{.14\textwidth}% Col 4 +@{}} +\caption{Kpathsea file types.}\label{tab:kpathsea}\\ +\emph{Name} & \HEAD{Description} & \HEAD{Variables} +& \HEAD{Suffixes}\\ +\hline +\endfirsthead +\multicolumn{3}{l}{Kpathsea file types \emph{continued}}\\ +\emph{Name} & \HEAD{Description} & \HEAD{Variables} +& \HEAD{Suffixes}\\ +\hline +\noalign{\vspace{2pt}} +\endhead +\mbox{}\\ +\hline +\endfoot +\KpathKey + {afm} + {4} + {Adobe font metrics} + {AFMFONTS} + {.afm} +\KpathKey + {base} + {5} + {Metafont memory dump} + {MFBASES, TEXMFINI} + {.base} +\KpathKey + {bib} + {6} + {\BibTeX{} bibliography source} + {BIBINPUTS, TEXBIB} + {.bib} +\KpathKey + {} + {2} + {bitmap fonts} + {GLYPHFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {bst} + {7} + {\BibTeX{} style files} + {BSTINPUTS} + {.bst} +\KpathKey + {cnf} + {8} + {Runtime configuration files} + {TEXMFCNF} + {.cnf} +\KpathKey + {dvips config} + {34} + {\textsf{dvips} configuration files, e.g., \file{config.ps}} + {TEXCONFIG} + {} +\KpathKey + {enc} + {34} + {Font encoding files} + {ENCFONTS} + {.enc} +\KpathKey + {fmt} + {10} + {\TeX{} memory dump} + {TEXFORMATS, TEXMFINI} + {.fmt, .efmt, .efm} +\KpathKey + {gf} + {0} + {generic font bitmap} + {GFFONTS} + {.gf} +\KpathKey + {graphic/figure} + {25} + {Encapsulated \PS{} figures} + {TEXPICTS, TEXINPUTS} + {.eps, .epsi} +\KpathKey + {ist} + {35} + {\textsf{makeindex} style files} + {TEXINDEXSTYLE, INDEXSTYLE} + {.ist} +\KpathKey + {ls-R} + {9} + {Filename databases} + {TEXMFDBS} + {} +\KpathKey + {map} + {11} + {Fontmaps} + {TEXFONTMAPS} + {.map} +\KpathKey + {mem} + {12} + {MetaPost memory dump} + {MPMEMS, TEXMFINI} + {.mem} +\KpathKey + {mf} + {13} + {Metafont source} + {MFINPUTS} + {.mf} +\KpathKey + {mfpool} + {14} + {Metafont program strings} + {MFPOOL, TEXMFINI} + {.pool} +\KpathKey + {mft} + {15} + {MFT style file} + {MFTINPUTS} + {.mft} +\KpathKey + {} + {41} + {miscellaneous fonts} + {MISCFONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {mp} + {16} + {MetaPost source} + {MPINPUTS} + {.mp} +\KpathKey + {mppool} + {17} + {MetaPost program strings} + {MPPOOL, TEXMFINI} + {.pool} +\KpathKey + {MetaPost support} + {18} + {MetaPost support files, used by DMP} + {MPSUPPORT} + {} +\KpathKey + {ocp} + {19} + {\OMEGA{} compiled process files} + {OCPINPUTS} + {.ocp} +\KpathKey + {ofm} + {20} + {\OMEGA{} font metrics} + {OFMFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.ofm, .tfm} +\KpathKey + {opl} + {21} + {\OMEGA{} property lists} + {OPLFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.opl} +\KpathKey + {otp} + {22} + {\OMEGA{} translation process files} + {OTPINPUTS} + {.otp} +\KpathKey + {ovf} + {23} + {\OMEGA{} virtual fonts} + {OVFFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.ovf} +\KpathKey + {ovp} + {24} + {\OMEGA{} virtual property lists} + {OVPFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.ovp} +\KpathKey + {pdftex config} + {18} + {\textsf{pdftex} configuration files} + {PDFTEXCONFIG} + {} +\KpathKey + {pk} + {1} + {packed bitmap fonts} + {\var{program}FONTS \textrm{(\texttt{\var{program}} being + \textsmaller{\cmdname{XDVI}}, + etc.)}, PKFONTS, TEXPKS, GLYPHFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.pk} +\KpathKey + {\PS{} header} + {30} + {downloadable \PS{}} + {TEXPSHEADERS, PSHEADERS} + {.pro, .enc} +\KpathKey + {tex} + {26} + {\TeX{} source} + {TEXINPUTS} + {.tex, .cls, .sty, .clo, .def} +\KpathKey + {texmfscripts} + {20} + {Scripts distributed in the \file{texmf} tree} + {TEXMFSCRIPTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {TeX system documentation} + {27} + {Documentation files for the \TeX{} system} + {TEXDOCS} + {} +\KpathKey + {TeX system sources} + {29} + {Source files for the \TeX{} system} + {TEXSOURCES} + {} +\KpathKey + {texpool} + {28} + {\TeX{} program strings} + {TEXPOOL, TEXMFINI} + {.pool} +\KpathKey + {tfm} + {3} + {\TeX{} font metrics} + {TFMFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.tfm} +\KpathKey + {Troff fonts} + {31} + {Troff fonts, used by DMP} + {TRFONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {truetype fonts} + {36} + {TrueType outline fonts} + {TTFONTS} + {.ttf, .ttc} +\KpathKey + {Type~1 fonts} + {32} + {Type 1 \PS{} outline fonts} + {T1FONTS, T1INPUTS, TEXPSHEADERS, DVIPSHEADERS} + {.pfa, .pfb} +\KpathKey + {type42 fonts} + {37} + {Type 42 \PS{} outline fonts} + {T42FONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {vf} + {33} + {virtual fonts} + {VFFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.vf} +\KpathKey + {web2c files} + {38} + {\Webc{} support files} + {WEB2C} + {} +\KpathKey + {other text files} + {39} + {text files used by `\textsf{foo}'} + {FOOINPUTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {other binary files} + {40} + {binary files used by `\textsf{foo}'} + {FOOINPUTS} + {} +\end{longtable} +\end{small} + + +\begin{multicols}{2} + + The last two entries in table~\ref{tab:kpathsea} are special + cases, where the paths and environment variables depend on the name + of the program: the variable name is constructed by converting the + program name to upper case, and then appending \texttt{INPUTS}. + + The environment variables are set by default in the configuration + file \file{texmf.cnf}. It is only when you want to override one or + more of the values specified in that file that you might want to set + them explicitly in your execution environment. + + The \samp{-{}-format} and \samp{-{}-path} options are mutually + exclusive. + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item[\texttt{-{}-mode=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the mode name to \ttvar{string}; this only affects \samp{gf} + and \samp{pk} lookups. No default: any mode will be found. +\item[\texttt{-{}-must-exist}]\mbox{}\\ + Do everything possible to find the files, notably including + searching the disk. By default, only the \file{ls-R} database is + checked, in the interest of efficiency. +\item[\texttt{-{}-path=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Search along the path \ttvar{string} (colon-separated as usual), + instead of guessing the search path from the filename. \samp{//} and + all the usual expansions are supported. The options \samp{-{}-path} + and \samp{-{}-format} are mutually exclusive. +\item[\texttt{-{}-progname=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the program name to \texttt{\var{name}}. + This can affect the search paths via the \texttt{.\var{progname}} + feature. + The default is \cmdname{kpsewhich}. +\item[\texttt{-{}-show-path=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + shows the path used for file lookups of file type \texttt{\var{name}}. + Either a filename extension (\code{.pk}, \code{.vf}, etc.) or a + name can be used, just as with \samp{-{}-format} option. +\item[\texttt{-{}-debug=\var{num}}]\mbox{}\\ + sets the debugging options to \texttt{\var{num}}. +\end{ttdescription} + + +\subsubsection{Examples of use} +\label{SExamplesofuse} + +Let us now have a look at \KPS{} in action. Here's a straightforward search: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich article.cls} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls +\end{alltt} +We are looking for the file \file{article.cls}. Since the \samp{.cls} +suffix is unambiguous we do not need to specify that we want to look for a +file of type \optname{tex} (\TeX{} source file directories). We find it in +the subdirectory \file{tex/latex/base} below the \samp{texmf-dist} \TL\ +directory. Similarly, all of the following are found without problems +thanks to their unambiguous suffix. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich array.sty} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/array.sty +> \Ucom{kpsewhich latin1.def} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/latin1.def +> \Ucom{kpsewhich size10.clo} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo +> \Ucom{kpsewhich small2e.tex} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/small2e.tex +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tugboat.bib} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/bibtex/bib/beebe/tugboat.bib +\end{alltt} + +That last is a \BibTeX{} bibliography database for \textsl{TUGBoat} articles. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich cmr10.pk} +\end{alltt} +Font bitmap glyph files of type \file{.pk} are used by display +programs like \cmdname{dvips} and \cmdname{xdvi}. Nothing is returned in +this case since there are no pre-generated Computer Modern \samp{.pk} +files in \TL{}\Dash the Type~1 variants are used by default. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich wsuipa10.pk} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\else /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/ +... wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\fi\end{alltt} + +For these fonts (a phonetic alphabet from the University of Washington) +we had to generate \samp{.pk} files, and since the default \MF{} mode on +our installation is \texttt{ljfour} with a base resolution of 600\dpi{} +(dots per inch), this instantiation is returned. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich -dpi=300 wsuipa10.pk} +\end{alltt} +In this case, when specifying that we are interested in a resolution +of 300\dpi{} (\texttt{-dpi=300}) we see that no such font is available on +the system. A program like \cmdname{dvips} or \cmdname{xdvi} would +go off and actually build the required \texttt{.pk} files +using the script \cmdname{mktexpk}. + +Next we turn our attention to \cmdname{dvips}'s header and configuration +files. We first look at one of the commonly used files, the general +prolog \file{tex.pro} for \TeX{} support, before turning our attention +to the generic configuration file (\file{config.ps}) and the \PS{} font +map \file{psfonts.map}\Dash as of 2004, map and encoding files have +their own search paths and new location in \dirname{texmf} trees. As +the \samp{.ps} suffix is ambiguous we have to specify explicitly which +type we are considering (\optname{dvips config}) for the file +\texttt{config.ps}. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tex.pro} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/tex.pro +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.ps} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/config/config.ps +> \Ucom{kpsewhich psfonts.map} + /usr/local/texmf/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map +\end{alltt} + +We now take a closer look at the \acro{URW} Times \PS{} support +files. The prefix for these in the standard font naming scheme is +\samp{utm}. The first file we look at is the configuration file, +which contains the name of the map file: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.utm} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/dvips/psnfss/config.utm +\end{alltt} +The contents of that file is +\begin{alltt} + p +utm.map +\end{alltt} +which points to the file \file{utm.map}, which we want to +locate next. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utm.map} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/times/utm.map +\end{alltt} +This map file defines the file names of the Type~1 \PS{} fonts in +the URW collection. Its contents look like (we only show part of the +lines): +\begin{alltt} +utmb8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb +utmbi8r NimbusRomNo9L-MediItal... <utmbi8a.pfb +utmr8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +utmri8r NimbusRomNo9L-ReguItal... <utmri8a.pfb +utmbo8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb +utmro8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +\end{alltt} +Let us, for instance, take the Times Roman instance +\file{utmr8a.pfb} and find its position in the \file{texmf} directory +tree with a search for Type~1 font files: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utmr8a.pfb} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/urw/times/utmr8a.pfb +\else /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/ +... urw/utm/utmr8a.pfb +\fi\end{alltt} + +It should be evident from these examples how you can easily locate the +whereabouts of a given file. This is especially important if you suspect +that the wrong version of a file is picked up somehow, since +\cmdname{kpsewhich} will show you the first file encountered. + +\subsubsection{Debugging actions} +\label{Debugging} + +Sometimes it is necessary to investigate how a program resolves file +references. To make this practical, \KPS{} offers various levels of +debugging output: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{\ 1}] \texttt{stat} calls (disk lookups). When running + with an up-to-date \file{ls-R} database this should almost give no + output. +\item[\texttt{\ 2}] References to hash tables (such as \file{ls-R} + databases, map files, configuration files). +\item[\texttt{\ 4}] File open and close operations. +\item[\texttt{\ 8}] General path information for file types + searched by \KPS. This is useful to find out where a particular + path for the file was defined. +\item[\texttt{16}] Directory list for each path element (only relevant + for searches on disk). +\item[\texttt{32}] File searches. +\end{ttdescription} +A value of \texttt{-1} will set all the above options; in practice, +this is usually the most convenient. + +Similarly, with the \cmdname{dvips} program, by setting a combination of +debug switches, one can follow in detail where files are being picked up +from. Alternatively, when a file is not found, the debug trace shows in +which directories the program looks for the given file, so that one can +get an indication what the problem~is. + +Generally speaking, as most programs call the \KPS{} library +internally, one can select a debug option by using the +\envname{KPATHSEA\_DEBUG} environment variable, and setting it to (a +combination of) values as described in the above list. + +(Note for Windows users: it is not easy to redirect +all messages to a file in this system. For diagnostic purposes +you can temporarily \texttt{SET KPATHSEA\_DEBUG\_OUTPUT=err.log}). + +Let us consider, as an example, a small \LaTeX{} source file, +\file{hello-world.tex}, which contains the following input. +\begin{verbatim} + \documentclass{article} + \begin{document} + Hello World! + \end{document} +\end{verbatim} +This little file only uses the font \file{cmr10}, so let us look +how \cmdname{dvips} prepares the \PS{} file (we want to use the Type~1 +version of the Computer Modern fonts, hence the option \texttt{-Pcms}). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips -d4100 hello-world -Pcms -o} +\end{alltt} +In this case we have combined \cmdname{dvips}'s debug class 4 (font +paths) with \KPS's path element expansion (see \cmdname{dvips} Reference +Manual, \OnCD{texmf/doc/html/dvips/dvips_toc.html}). +The output (slightly rearranged) appears in +Figure~\ref{fig:dvipsdbga}. +\begin{figure*}[tp] +\centering +\input{examples/ex6a.tex} +\caption{Finding configuration files}\label{fig:dvipsdbga} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6b.tex} +\caption{Finding the prolog file}\label{fig:dvipsdbgb} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6c.tex} +\caption{Finding the font file}\label{fig:dvipsdbgc} +\end{figure*} + +\cmdname{dvips} starts by locating its working files. First, +\file{texmf.cnf} is found, which gives the definitions of the search +paths for the other files, then the file database \file{ls-R} (to +optimize file searching) and the file \file{aliases}, which makes it +possible to declare several names (e.g., a short \acro{DOS}-like 8.3 and +a more natural longer version) for the same file. Then \cmdname{dvips} +goes on to find the generic configuration file \file{config.ps} +before looking for the customization file \file{.dvipsrc} (which, in +this case is \emph{not found}). Finally, \cmdname{dvips} locates the +config file for the Computer Modern \PS{} fonts \file{config.cms} +(this was initiated with the \texttt{-Pcms} option on the \cmdname{dvips} +command). This file contains the list of the map files which +define the relation between the \TeX{}, \PS{} and file system +names of the fonts. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{more /usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms} + p +ams.map + p +cms.map + p +cmbkm.map + p +amsbkm.map +\end{alltt} +\cmdname{dvips} thus goes on to find all these files, plus the generic +map file \file{psfonts.map}, which is always loaded (it contains +declarations for commonly used \PS{} fonts; see the last part of +Section \ref{SExamplesofuse} for more details about \PS{} map +file handling). + +At this point \cmdname{dvips} identifies itself to the user: +\begin{alltt} +This is dvips(k) 5.92b Copyright 2002 Radical Eye Software (www.radicaleye.com) +\end{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn +Then it goes on to look for the prolog file \file{texc.pro}: +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(texc.pro) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro +\end{alltt} +\else +Then it goes on to look for the prolog file \file{texc.pro} (see +Figure~\ref{fig:dvipsdbgb}). +\fi + +After having found the file in question, \cmdname{dvips} outputs +date and time, and informs us that it will generate the +file \file{hello-world.ps}, then that it needs the font file +\file{cmr10}, and that the latter is declared as ``resident'' (no +bitmaps needed): +\begin{alltt}\small +TeX output 1998.02.26:1204' -> hello-world.ps +Defining font () cmr10 at 10.0pt +Font cmr10 <CMR10> is resident. +\end{alltt} +Now the search is on for the file \file{cmr10.tfm}, which is found, +then a few more prolog files (not shown) are referenced, and finally +the Type~1 instance \file{cmr10.pfb} of the font is located and +included in the output file (see last line). +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm, must\_exist=1, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//: + /var/tex/fonts/tfm//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm +kdebug:start search(file=texps.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + ... +<texps.pro> +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.pfb, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb +<cmr10.pfb>[1] +\end{alltt} + +\subsection{Runtime options} + +Another useful feature of \Webc{} is its possibility to control a number +of memory parameters (in particular, array sizes) via the runtime file +\file{texmf.cnf} read by \KPS{}. The memory settings can be found in +Part 3 of that file in the \TL{} distribution. The more important +are: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{main\_memory}] + Total words of memory available, for + \TeX{}, \MF{} and \MP. You must make a new format file for each + different setting. For instance, you could generate a ``huge'' + version of \TeX{}, and call the format file \texttt{hugetex.fmt}. + Using the standard way of specifying the program name used by \KPS{}, + the particular value of the \texttt{main\_memory} variable will then + be read from \file{texmf.cnf}. + etc.). +\item[\texttt{extra\_mem\_bot}] + Extra space for ``large'' \TeX{} data structures: + boxes, glue, breakpoints, etc. Especially useful if you use + \PiCTeX{}. +\item[\texttt{font\_mem\_size}] + Number of words for font information available for \TeX. This + is more or less the total size of all TFM files read. +\item[\texttt{hash\_extra}] + Additional space for the hash table of control sequence names. + Approximately 10,000 control sequences can be stored in the main + hash table; if you have a large book with numerous cross-references, + this might not be enough. The default value of + \texttt{hash\_extra} is \texttt{50000}. +\end{ttdescription} + +\noindent Of course, this facility is no substitute for truly dynamic +arrays and memory allocation, but since these are extremely difficult to +implement in the present \TeX{} source, these runtime parameters provide +a practical compromise allowing some flexibility. + + +\section{Building on a new Unix platform} + +If you have a platform for which executables are not included, you will +need to compile \TeX{} and friends. This is not as hard as it +sounds. What you need is all in the directory \texttt{source} in the +distribution. + +\subsection{Prerequisites} + +You will need at least 100 megabytes of disk space to compile all of +\TeX{} and its support programs. You'll also need an \acro{ANSI} C +compiler, a \cmdname{make} utility, a lexical scanner, and a parser +generator. We recommend the \acro{GNU} version of these programs +(\cmdname{gcc}, \acro{GNU} \cmdname{make}, \cmdname{m4}, \cmdname{flex}, +\cmdname{bison}). You may be able to work with other C compilers and +\cmdname{make} programs, but you will need a good understanding of +building Unix programs to sort out problems. + +Also, the command \texttt{uname} must return a sensible value. + + +\subsection{Configuration} + +To begin, perform a normal installation of \TL{} to your disk (see +section~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} on +\p.\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk}). You may wish to skip installing +all of the prebuilt binaries. + +Then, unpack the source from the compressed \texttt{tar} file in the +directory \dirname{source} to your disk and change directory to where +you placed it. + +Next, run \cmdname{configure} with a command line like this: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh configure -prefix=/usr/local/TeX} +\end{alltt} + +The \optname{-prefix} directory is the one where you installed the +support tree; the directory layout will be as follows (where \$TEXDIR +stands for the directory you chose): + +\noindent +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll@{}} + \dirname{$TEXDIR/share/texmf} & main tree with fonts,\\ + & \qquad macros, etc\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/man} & Unix manual pages\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/info} & \acro{GNU} style Info manuals\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin/$PLATFORM} & binaries\\ +\end{tabular} +%$ + +If you want to leave out the \dirname{$PLATFORM} directory level, +i.e., put the binaries directly into \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin}, specify +the \verb|--disable-multiplatform| option to \cmdname{configure}. + +Have a look at the output of \verb|./configure --help| for more +options you can use. For example, you can skip building of \OMEGA{} and +\eTeX{}. + + +\subsection{Running \cmdname{make}} + +Make sure the shell variable or option \texttt{noclobber} is not set. +Then, run the main \cmdname{make} like this: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make world} +\end{alltt} +and relax\ldots + +Alternatively, you want to log all the output, as in: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh -c "make world >world.log 2>\&1" \&} +\end{alltt} + +Before you believe that everything went ok, please check the log file +for errors: \acro{GNU} \cmdname{make} always uses the string \samp{***} +whenever a command fails. Also, check if all the programs were built: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd \var{TEXDIR}/bin/\var{archname}} +> \Ucom{ls | wc} +\end{alltt} +The result should be over 200 (you can check the exact number with the +\dirname{bin} directory contents in the distribution). + +If you need special privileges for \texttt{make install}, you can +separate the \samp{make world} into two different runs, like this: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make all} +> \Ucom{su} +> \Ucom{make install strip} +\end{alltt} + +After you've installed your new binaries, you should follow the normal +post-installation procedures, given in section~\ref{sec:postinstall} +(\p.\pageref{sec:postinstall}). + +Also, if you'd like to make your binaries available to others, please +contact us. We'll be happy to put them on the \TL\ web pages. + + +\section{Acknowledgements} + +\TL{} is a joint effort by virtually all of the \TeX{} user groups. +This edition of \TL{} was overseen by Sebastian Rahtz and Karl Berry. +The other principal contributors are listed below. + +\begin{itemize*} + +\item The German-speaking \TeX{} Users (\acro{DANTE} e.V.), who provide +the hardware for the \TL{} source repository; and Rainer Sch\"opf and +Reinhard Zierke who look after it. \acro{DANTE} officers Volker Schaa +and Klaus Hoeppner coordinated production with the Lehmann's Bookstore +(\url{http://www.lob.de}). + +\item The Perforce corporation (\url{http://www.perforce.com}), for providing +a free copy of their excellent change management system, which we used +to manage the \TL{} sources. + +\item Peter Breitenlohner and the \eTeX\ team for the stable foundation +of future \TeX's. + +\item Thomas Esser, without whose marvelous \teTeX{} package \TL{} +would certainly not exist, and whose continual help makes it a better +product. + +\item Michel Goossens, who co-authored the original documentation. + +\item Eitan Gurari, whose \TeX4ht was used to create the \HTML{} +version of this documentation, and who worked tirelessly to improve +it at short notice. + +\item Hans Hagen, for major testing and making the \ConTeXt\ format +conform to \TL's needs. + +\item \Thanh, Martin Schr\"oder, and the pdf\TeX\ team for continuing +enhancements of \TeX's abilities. + +\item Petr Olsak, who coordinated and checked all the Czech and Slovak +material very carefully. + +\item Fabrice Popineau, for the Windows side of \TL{} and devising the +new directory layout. + +\item Staszek Wawrykiewicz, the principal tester for all of \TL{}, and +coordinator of the Polish contributions. + +\item Olaf Weber, for his patient assembly and maintenance of Web2C, +upon which all else depends. + +\item Gerben Wierda, for creating and maintaining the \MacOSX\ support, +and much integration and testing. + +\item Graham Williams, on whose work the catalogue of packages depends. + +\end{itemize*} + +Builders of the binaries: +Tigran Aivazian (\pkgname{x86\_64-linux}), +Manfred Lotz (\pkgname{i386-freebsd}), +Maksym Polyakov (\pkgname{sparc-solaris}), +Fabrice Popineau (\pkgname{win32}), +Norbert Preining (\pkgname{alpha-linux}), +Vladimir Volovich (\pkgname{powerpc-aix} and \pkgname{sparc64-linux}), +Staszek Wawrykiewicz (\pkgname{i386-linux}), +Olaf Weber (\pkgname{mips-irix}), +Gerben Wierda (\pkgname{powerpc-darwin}). + +Documentation and translation updates: +Karl Berry (English), +Daniel Flipo \& Fabrice Popineau (French), +G\"unter Partosch \& Hartmut Henkel (German), +Petr Sojka \& Jan Busa (Czech\slash Slovak), +Boris Veytsman (Russian), +Staszek Wawrykiewicz (Polish). + +Of course the most important acknowledgement must go to Donald Knuth, first +for inventing \TeX, and then for giving it to the world. + + +\section{Release history} +\label{sec:history} + +\subsection{Past} + +Discussion began in late 1993 when the Dutch \TeX{} Users Group was +starting work on its 4All\TeX{} \CD{} for \acro{MS-DOS} users, and it +was hoped at that time to issue a single, rational, \CD{} for all +systems. This was too ambitious a target for the time, but it did spawn +not only the very successful 4All\TeX{} \CD{}, but also the \acro{TUG} +Technical Council working group on a \emph{\TeX{} Directory Structure} +(\url{http://tug.org/tds}), which specified how to create consistent and +manageable collections of \TeX{} support files. A complete draft of the +\TDS{} was published in the December 1995 issue of \textsl{TUGboat}, and +it was clear from an early stage that one desirable product would be a +model structure on \CD{}. The distribution you now have is a very direct +result of the working group's deliberations. It was also clear that the +success of the 4All\TeX{} \CD{} showed that Unix users would benefit +from a similarly easy system, and this is the other main strand of +\TL. + +We first undertook to make a new Unix-based \TDS{} \CD{} in the autumn +of 1995, and quickly identified Thomas Esser's \teTeX{} as the ideal +setup, as it already had multi-platform support and was built with +portability across file systems in mind. Thomas agreed to help, and work +began seriously at the start of 1996. The first edition was released in +May 1996. At the start of 1997, Karl Berry completed a major new release +of Web2c, which included nearly all the features which Thomas Esser had +added in \teTeX, and we decided to base the 2nd edition of the \CD{} on +the standard \Webc, with the addition of \teTeX's \texttt{texconfig} +script. The 3rd edition of the \CD{} was based on a major revision of +\Webc, 7.2, by Olaf Weber; at the same time, a new revision of \teTeX +was being made, and \TL{} included almost all of its features. The +4th edition followed the same pattern, using a new version of \teTeX, +and a new release of \Webc{} (7.3). The system now included a complete +Windows setup. + +For the 5th edition (March 2000) many parts of the \CD{} were revised +and checked, updating hundreds of packages. Package details were stored +in XML files. But the major change for \TeX\ Live 5 was that all +non-free software was removed. Everything in \TL{} is now intended +to be compatible with the Debian Free Software Guidelines +(\url{http://www.debian.org/intro/free}); we have done our best to check +the license conditions of all packages, but we would very much +appreciate hearing of any mistakes. + +The 6th edition (July 2001) had much more material updated. The major +change was a new install concept: the user could select a more exact set +of needed collections. Language-related collections were completely +reorganized, so selecting any of them installs not only macros, fonts, +etc., but also prepares an appropriate \texttt{language.dat}. + +The 7th edition of 2002 had the notable addition of \MacOSX{} support, +and the usual myriad of updates to all sorts of packages and +programs. An important goal was integration of the source back with +\teTeX, to correct the drift apart in versions~5 and~6. + +In 2003, with the continuing flood of updates and additions, we found +that \TL{} had grown so large it could no longer be contained on a +single \CD, so we split it into three different distributions (see +section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, \p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). In +addition: + +\begin{itemize*} +\item At the request of the \LaTeX{} team, we changed the standard + \cmdname{latex} and \cmdname{pdflatex} commands to now use \eTeX{} (see + \p.\pageref{text:etex}). +\item The new Latin Modern fonts were included (and are recommended). +\item Support for Alpha \acro{OSF} was removed + (\acro{HPUX} support was removed previously), since no one had (or + volunteered) hardware available on which to compile new binaries. +\item Windows setup was substantially changed; for the first time + an integrated environment based on XEmacs was introduced. +\item Important supplementary programs for Windows + (Perl, Ghost\-script, Image\-Magick, Ispell) are now installed + in the \TL{} installation directory. +\item Font map files used by \cmdname{dvips}, \cmdname{dvipdfm} + and \cmdname{pdftex} are now generated by the new program + \cmdname{updmap} and installed into \dirname{texmf/fonts/map}. +\item \TeX{}, \MF{}, and \MP{} now, by default, output most input + characters (32 and above) as themselves in output (e.g., + \verb|\write|) files, + log files, and the terminal, i.e., \emph{not} translated using the + \verb|^^| notation. In \TL{}~7, this translation was + dependent on the system locale settings; now, locale settings do + not influence the \TeX{} programs' behavior. If for some reason + you need the \verb|^^| output, rename the file + \verb|texmf/web2c/cp8bit.tcx|. (Future releases will have cleaner + ways to control this.) +\item This documentation was substantially revised. +\item Finally, since the edition numbers had grown unwieldy, + the version is now simply identified by the year: \TL{} 2003. +\end{itemize*} + +\subsection{Present} +\label{tlcurrent} + +2004 saw the usual huge number of updates to packages and programs. +Here are the most notable changes, including one important backward +incompatibility: + +\begin{itemize} + +\item If you have locally-installed fonts which use their own +\filename{.map} or (much less likely) \filename{.enc} support files, you +may need to move those support files. + +\filename{.map} files are now searched for in subdirectories of +\dirname{fonts/map} only (in each \filename{texmf} tree), along the +\envname{TEXFONTMAPS} path. Similarly, \filename{.enc} files are now +searched for in subdirectories of \dirname{fonts/enc} only, along the +\envname{ENCFONTS} path. \cmdname{updmap} will attempt to warn about +problematic files. + +For methods of handling this and other information, please see +\url{http://tug.org/texlive/mapenc.html}. + +\item The \TK\ has been expanded with the addition of a \MIKTEX-based +installable \CD, for those who prefer that implementation to Web2C. +See section~\ref{sec:struct-tl} (\p.\pageref{sec:struct-tl}). + +\item Within \TL, the single large \dirname{texmf} tree of previous +releases has been replaced by three: \dirname{texmf}, +\dirname{texmf-dist}, and \dirname{texmf-doc}. See +section~\ref{sec:tld} (\p.\pageref{sec:tld}), and the \filename{README} +files for each. + +\item All \TeX-related input files are now collected in +the \dirname{tex} subdirectory of \dirname{texmf*} trees, rather than +having separate sibling directories \dirname{tex}, \dirname{etex}, +\dirname{pdftex}, \dirname{pdfetex}, etc. See +\CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions} +{\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions}}. + +\item Helper scripts (not meant to be invoked by users) are now located +in a new \dirname{scripts} directory of \dirname{texmf*} trees, and +searched for via \verb|kpsewhich -format=texmfscripts|. So if you have +programs which call such scripts, they'll need to be adjusted. See +\CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts} +{\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts}}. + +\item Almost all formats leave most characters printable as +themselves via the ``translation file'' \filename{cp227.tcx}, instead of +translating them with the \verb|^^| notation. Specifically, characters +at positions 32--256, plus tab, vertical tab, and form feed are +considered printable and not translated. The exceptions are plain \TeX\ +(only 32--126 printable), \ConTeXt\ (0--255 printable), and the +\OMEGA-related formats. This default behavior is almost the same as in +\TL\,2003, but it's implemented more cleanly, with more possibilities +for customization. See \CDref{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files} +{\texttt{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files}}. +(By the way, with Unicode input, \TeX\ may output partial character +sequences when showing error contexts, since it is byte-oriented.) + +\item \textsf{pdfetex} is now the default engine for all formats +except (plain) \textsf{tex} itself. (Of course it generates \acro{DVI} +when run as \textsf{latex}, etc.) This means, among other things, that +the microtypographic features of \textsf{pdftex} are available in +\LaTeX, \ConTeXt, etc., as well as the \eTeX\ features +(\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/}). + +It also means it's \emph{more important than ever} to use the +\pkgname{ifpdf} package (works with both plain and \LaTeX) or equivalent +code, because simply testing whether \cs{pdfoutput} or some other +primitive is defined is not a reliable way to determine if \acro{PDF} +output is being generated. We made this backward compatible as best we +could this year, but next year, \cs{pdfoutput} may be defined even when +\acro{DVI} is being written. + +\item pdf\TeX\ (\url{http://pdftex.org}) has many new features: + + \begin{itemize*} + + \item \cs{pdfmapfile} and \cs{pdfmapline} provide font map support + from within a document. + + \item Microtypographic font expansion can be used more easily.\\ + \url{http://www.ntg.nl/pipermail/ntg-pdftex/2004-May/000504.html} + + \item All parameters previously set through the special configuration + file \filename{pdftex.cfg} must now be set through primitives, + typically in \filename{pdftexconfig.tex}; \filename{pdftex.cfg} is no + longer supported. Any extant \filename{.fmt} files must be redumped + when \filename{pdftexconfig.tex} is changed. + + \item See the pdf\TeX\ manual for more: \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual}. + + \end{itemize*} + +\item The \cs{input} primitive in \cmdname{tex} (and \cmdname{mf} and +\cmdname{mpost}) now accepts double quotes containing spaces and other +special characters. Typical examples: +\begin{verbatim} +\input "filename with spaces" % plain +\input{"filename with spaces"} % latex +\end{verbatim} +See the Web2C manual for more: \OnCD{texmf/doc/web2c}. + +\item enc\TeX\ support is now included within Web2C and consequently all +\TeX\ programs, via the \optname{-enc} option\Dash \emph{only when +formats are built}. enc\TeX\ supports general re-encoding of input and +output, enabling full support of Unicode (in \acro{UTF}-8). See +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/generic/enctex/} and +\url{http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html}. + +\item Aleph, a new engine combining \eTeX\ and \OMEGA, is available. +A little information is available in \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base} +and \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=aleph}. The +\LaTeX-based format for Aleph is named \textsf{lamed}. + +\item The latest \LaTeX\ release has a new version of the +\acro{LPPL}\Dash now officially a Debian-approved license. Assorted +other updates, see the \filename{ltnews} files in +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/latex/base}. + +\item \cmdname{dvipng}, a new program for converting \acro{DVI} to +\acro{PNG} image files, is included. See \OnCD{texmf/doc/man/man1/dvipng.1}. + +\item We reduced the \pkgname{cbgreek} package to a ``medium'' sized set +of fonts, with the assent and advice of the author (Claudio Beccari). +The excised fonts are the invisible, outline, and transparency ones, +which are relatively rarely used, and we needed the space. The full set +is of course available from \acro{CTAN} +(\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/greek/cb}). + +\item \cmdname{oxdvi} has been removed; just use \cmdname{xdvi}. + +\item The \cmdname{ini} and \cmdname{vir} commands (links) for +\cmdname{tex}, \cmdname{mf}, and \cmdname{mpost} are no longer created, +such as \cmdname{initex}. The \cmdname{ini} functionality has been +available through the command-line option \optname{-ini} for years now. + +\item \textsf{i386-openbsd} platform support was removed. Since the +\pkgname{tetex} package in the \acro{BSD} Ports system is available, and +\acro{GNU/}Linux and Free\acro{BSD} binaries were available, it seemed +volunteer time could be better spent elsewhere. + +\item On \textsf{sparc-solaris} (at least), you may have to set the +\envname{LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH} environment variable to run the +\pkgname{t1utils} programs. This is because they are compiled with C++, +and there is no standard location for the runtime libraries. (This is +not new in 2004, but wasn't previously documented.) Similarly, on +\textsf{mips-irix}, the \acro{MIPS}pro 7.4 runtimes are required. + +\end{itemize} + + +\subsection{Future} + +\emph{\TL{} is not perfect!} (And never will be.) We intend to +continue to release new versions yearly, and would like to provide more +help material, more utilities, more installation programs, and (of +course) an ever-improved and checked tree of macros and fonts. This work +is all done by hard-pressed volunteers in their limited spare time, and +a great deal remains to be done. If you can help, don't hesitate to put +your name forward! + +Please send corrections, suggestions, and offers of help to:\hfill\null +\begin{quote} +Sebastian Rahtz \ / \ 7 Stratfield Road \ / \ Oxford OX2 7BG \ / \ UK \\ +\email{tex-live@tug.org} \\ +\url{http://tug.org/texlive} +\end{quote} + +\medskip +\noindent \textsl{Happy \TeX ing!} + +\end{multicols} +\end{document} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live-tl7.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live-tl7.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1e8ee77312b --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live-tl7.tex @@ -0,0 +1,3554 @@ +% +% change history (started May 13th 2002) +% 2002/05/13: added tex-langafrican to list of collections +% 2002/05/14: corrected example files, other small errors noted by Volker +% 2002/05/18: win32 updates, by Fabrice +% 2002/05/25: remove mention of sizes, and bsr-interpolated; add Gutenberg +\documentclass{article} +\advance\textwidth by 1in +\advance\oddsidemargin by -1in +\advance\evensidemargin by -1in +\newsavebox{\warnbox} +\def\Q#1{\par\vskip6pt\leftline{#1}\par} +\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} +\pretolerance=1000 +\tolerance=1500 +\hbadness=3000 +\vbadness=3000 +\hyphenpenalty=400 +\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.85} +\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.86} +\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.1} +\setcounter{topnumber}{5} +\setcounter{totalnumber}{5} +\def\eTeX{$\varepsilon$-\TeX} +\def\Dash{---} +\def\hyph{-} +\def\OMEGA{$\Omega$} +\def\bs{{\protect\normalfont\ttfamily\char'134}} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\cs}[1]{{\normalfont\ttfamily\char`\\#1}} +\def\La{La} +\let\textsl\textit +\let\sl\it +\let\slfamily\itfamily +\def\ttdefault{cmtt} +\usepackage{tex-live} +\begin{document} +%\makeatletter\@ifundefined{HRestore}{}{\HRestore\noalign}\makeatother +\author{Sebastian Rahtz\\ +\texttt{sebastian.rahtz@oucs.ox.ac.uk} +%Michel Goossens\\ +%\texttt{m.goossens@cern.ch} +} +\title{The \protect\TeX\ Live Guide, 7th edition} +\date{May 2002} +\maketitle +\begin{multicols}{2} +\tableofcontents +\listoftables +\end{multicols} +\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} +This documentation describes the + main features of the \TeXLive{} 7 \CD{}\Dash a \TeX{}/\LaTeX{} + distribution for Unix, Linux, MacOSX, and Windows32 systems that includes + \TeX{}, \LaTeXe{}, \MF, \MP, \cmdname{Makeindex}, and \BibTeX{}; and + a wide-ranging set of macros, fonts and documentation conforming to + the \emph{\TeX{} Directory Standard} (\TDS{})\Dash which can be used + with nearly every \TeX{} setup. + + This \TeX{} package uses the \Webc{} version 7.3.7 + implementation of the programs, which tries to make \TeX{}ing as + easy as possible, and takes full advantage of the efficient and + highly customizable \KPS{} library from Karl Berry and Olaf Weber. + It can be run either directly from the \CD{} or installed on a hard + disk. + +Most of the runnable systems on the \CD{} include a large set of +drivers and support programs for \TeX, including \cmdname{dvips} +(PostScript driver), \cmdname{dvipdfm} (dvi to PDF), +\cmdname{xdvi} (X Windows previewer), +\cmdname{dvilj} (HP LaserJet driver), \cmdname{lacheck} (\LaTeX{} +syntax checker), \cmdname{tex4ht} (\TeX{} to HTML converter), +\cmdname{dviconcat} and \cmdname{dviselect}, \cmdname{dv2dt} and + \cmdname{dt2dv} (\texttt{dvi} to ASCII and vice versa), and Angus + Duggan's PostScript utilities. + +\subsection{Extensions to \TeX} + +The \TeXLive{} runnable systems contain three extended versions of +standard \TeX: +\begin{enumerate} +\item \eTeX, which adds a small but powerful set of new primitives, + and the \TeXXeT{} extensions for left to right typesetting; in + default mode, \eTeX{} is 100\% compatible with ordinary \TeX. See + \OnCD{texmf/doc/etex/base/etex_man.pdf} on the \CD{} for details. +\item pdf\TeX, which can optionally write Acrobat PDF format instead + of \dvi{}. You will find the user manual in + \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/pdftex-l.pdf}. The + file \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/samplepdf/samplepdf.tex} shows how it is + used. The \LaTeX{} \pkgname{hyperref} package has an option + `\optname{pdftex}', which turns on all the program features. +\item \OMEGA{} (Omega), which works internally with 16-bit characters, + using Unicode; this allows it to directly work with almost all the + world's scripts simultaneously. It also supports dynamically loaded + `\OMEGA{} Translation Processes' (\acro{OTP}s), which allow the user + to define complex transformations to be performed on arbitrary + streams of input. See \OnCD{texmf/doc/omega/base/doc-1.8.tex} for some + (not necessarily up to date) documentation. +\end{enumerate} +\eTeX{} (version 2.1) is stable, although subsequent releases will add +new functionality. pdf\TeX{} (version 1.00b) is also stable, +but is still being improved. +\OMEGA{} (version 1.23) is under development; the version +on this \CD{} is that current as of May 2002. + + +\section[Structure and contents of the CD-ROM]{Structure + and contents of the \protect\CD{}} +The important \CD{} top-level directories are listed below. +\begin{description} +\item[bin] The \TeX{} family programs, arranged in separate platform + directories. +\item[Books] Examples related to some books about \TeX. +\item[FAQ] Frequently Asked Questions, in English, French, and German. +\item[MacOSX] Support programs for MacOSX users +\item[info] Documentation in \acro{GNU} `info' format for the \TeX{} + system. +\item[man] Documentation in the form of Unix man pages for the \TeX{} + system. +\item[setupw32] directory contains material for installation and use + under Windows (see section \ref{sec:wintex} on p.~\pageref{sec:wintex}). +\item[source] The source of all programs, including the main \Webc{} + \TeX{} and \MF{} distributions. These are stored in a bzip2-compressed + tar archive. +\item[support] Various bits of \TeX-related software which are + \emph{not} installed by default, support programs, and a complete + distribution of \cmdname{Ghostscript} version 7.05. + You can find here some other programs (editors, \TeX\ shells), which + are usually absent from Windows installations, dedicated for beginners. + They can be installed with the \texttt{TeXSetup.exe} Windows installation + program. +\item[texmf] The main support tree of macros, fonts and documentation; +\item[usergrps] Material about \TeX\ User Groups. +\end{description} + +There are also two installation scripts for Unix systems, +\texttt{install-cd.sh} and \texttt{install-pkg.sh}; we discuss +them on in section \ref{sec:install} on p.~\pageref{sec:install}. + +\subsection[Packages and collections]{Packages and collections} +\label{packages} +The \TeXLive{} \texttt{texmf} tree consists of various `collections', +each of which refers to a set of `packages', of which there are over 700 +on the \CD{}. Normal installation allows the +user to copy all of a collection to a local hard disk from the \CD{}, but +it is also possible to install just one package of a collection. + +The collections add functionality to a \TeX\ system. One of them, named +`tex-basic', is necessary for almost all \TeX\ tasks, +and two others, called `tex-latex' and `tex-pdftex' are highly +recommended for most users. All others are optional. +The collections (defined by XML files in \texttt{texmf/tpm/collections}) +and their short descriptions are listed below. + +\begin{description} + \item[tex-basic] + These files are regarded as basic for any \TeX\ system, covering +plain \TeX\ macros, Computer Modern fonts, and configuration for common +drivers. + \item[tex-bibtexextra] + Additional, extensive libraries of BibTeX styles and bibliographies. + \item[tex-chemistry] + Essential chemistry + \item[tex-context] + Hans Hagen's powerful macro package, ConText + \item[tex-documentation] + Assorted useful documentation and guides + \item[tex-etex] + Support files for an extended \TeX\ + \item[tex-extrabin] + Various useful, but non-essential, support programs. Includes + programs and macros for texinfo system; programs for dvi file + manipulation, etc. + \item[tex-fontbin] + Programs for conversion between font formats, testing fonts + (virtual fonts stuff, .gf and .pk manipulation, + mft, fontinst, etc.) + \item[tex-fontsextra] + All sorts of extra fonts + \item[tex-formatsextra] + A collection of \TeX\ `formats', ie large-scale +macro packages designed to be dumped into .fmt file + \item[tex-games] + Setups for typesetting various board games, including chess + \item[tex-genericextra] + This is a mixed bag of macro packages and fonts which do not seem +to belong elsewhere + \item[tex-htmlxml] + Packages to convert \LaTeX\ to XML/HTML, and typeset XML/SGML + \item[tex-langafrican] + Support for some African scripts + \item[tex-langarmenian] + Essential armenian + \item[tex-langcjk] +Essential CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) macros and fonts + \item[tex-langcroatian] + Essential croatian + \item[tex-langcyrillic] + Fonts and macro packages to typeset Cyrillic texts. + \item[tex-langczechslovak] + Pick this if you want Czech/Slovak fonts and other packages + \item[tex-langdanish] + Essential Danish + \item[tex-langdutch] + Essential Dutch + \item[tex-langfinnish] + Essential Finnish + \item[tex-langfrench] + Essential French + \item[tex-langgerman] + Essential German + \item[tex-langgreek] + Essential Greek + \item[tex-langhungarian] + Essential Hungarian + \item[tex-langindic] + Essential Indic + \item[tex-langitalian] + Essential Italian + \item[tex-langlatin] + Essential Latin + \item[tex-langmanju] + Essential Manju + \item[tex-langmongolian] + Essential mongolian + \item[tex-langnorwegian] + Essential Norwegian + \item[tex-langother] + Other languages + \item[tex-langpolish] + Pick this if you want Polish fonts and other packages + \item[tex-langportuguese] + Essential Portuguese + \item[tex-langspanish] + Essential Spanish + \item[tex-langswedish] + Essential Swedish + \item[tex-langtibetan] + Fonts and support for typesetting Tibetan + \item[tex-langukenglish] + Essential UK English + \item[tex-langvietnamese] + Essential Vietnamese + \item[tex-latex] + These packages are either mandated by the core \LaTeX\ team, +or very commonly recommended + \item[tex-latexextra] + A large collection of add-on packages for \LaTeX\ + \item[tex-mathextra] + Extra math + \item[tex-metapost] + MetaPost (and MetaFont) drawing packages + \item[tex-music] + Music typesetting packages + \item[tex-omega] + Omega, a 16-bit extended \TeX\ by John Plaice and Yannis Haralambous + \item[tex-pdftex] + Support files for Han The Thanh's variant of \TeX\ which can +generate PDF output + \item[tex-pictures] + Essential graphics + \item[tex-plainextra] + Plain \TeX\ extra macros + \item[tex-psfonts] + Essential psfonts + \item[tex-psutils] + Utilities to manipulate PostScript files + \item[tex-publishers] + Essential publishers + \item[tex-t1utils] + Utilities to manipulate Type1 fonts + \item[tex-texbooks] + Examples and other material from various books about TeX/LaTeX. + \item[tex-theses] + Macro packages from various Universities for their thesis styles + \item[tex-ttfutils] + Utilities to manipulate TrueType fonts + \item[win32-support] + You can choose individual tools from this collection. + There are many \TeX\ oriented editors, graphics files + toolsets, etc. +\end{description} + +The directory \texttt{texmf/tpm/packages} contains lists +of all files in each package (used by the installation programs). + +\section{Installation and use under Unix} +\label{sec:install} +You can use the \TeXLive{} \CD{} in three ways: +\begin{enumerate} +\item You can mount the \CD{} on your file system, run +the \texttt{install-cd.sh} script, and select the option \verb|<R>| + (`do not install files, set up to run off CD-ROM'), + and run everything off the \CD; this takes very + little disk space, and gives you immediate access to everything on + the \CD; although the performance will not be optimal, it is + perfectly acceptable on, for instance, PCs running Linux. You could + also copy the entire CD contents to your hard disk and work in this way. +\item You can install all or part of the system to your local hard + disk; this is the best method for many people, if they have enough + disk space to spare (a minimum of about 100 megabytes, or 300 + megabytes for a recommended good-sized system). +\item You can install selected packages to work either with your + existing \TeX{} system or a \TeXLive{} system you installed earlier. +\end{enumerate} +Each of these methods is described in more detail in the following +sections. + +\ifSingleColumn +\begin{figure*} + \begin{center} + \leavevmode +\fi +\begin{warningbox} +\textbf{Warning: } This \CD{} is in ISO 9660 (High Sierra) format, +with Rock Ridge and Joliet extensions. In order to take full advantage +of the \CD{} on a Unix system, your system needs to be able to use +the Rock Ridge extensions. Please consult the documentation for your +\cmdname{mount} command to see if it is possible. If you have several +different machines on a local network, see if you can mount the +\CD{} on one which \emph{does} support Rock Ridge, and use this with +the others. + +\leavevmode\quad +Linux, FreeBSD, Sun, SGI and DEC Alpha systems should be able to use +the \CD{} with no problems. We would appreciate receiving detailed advice +from other system users who also succeed, for future versions of this +documentation. + +\leavevmode\quad +The discussion below about installation assumes you have been able to mount +the \CD{} with full Rock Ridge compatibility. +\end{warningbox} +\ifSingleColumn + \end{center} +\end{figure*} +\fi + +%\begin{addbymb} +\subsection[Pre-installation procedure for MacOSX users] +{Pre-installation procedure for MacOSX users} +If you do not run MacOSX, you should skip this section. + +The \texttt{install-cd.sh} script is a \emph{sh} script (begins with +``\verb=#!/bin/sh=''), but +on MacOSX \cmdname{sh} is unable to run it because +\cmdname{sh} is +emulated. However, \cmdname{bash} will run it. Unfortunately (again) +\cmdname{bash} is not +installed by default on MacOSX\footnote{there are some suggestions this will +change in the future and even +that \cmdname{bash} will be used to emulate \cmdname{sh}, +in which case it might be true +that in future versions of MacOSX, the script will just work.}. +\begin{enumerate} +\item\label{test-bash} (optional) See if \path|bash| is already installed. +Launch \path|Terminal| +(\path|/Applications/utilities/Terminal|) and type in a window +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{rehash; which bash} +\end{alltt} +the answer will be: +\begin{itemize} +\item the bash location (e.g. \path|/bin/bash| or \path|/usr/local/bin/bash|) if installed; +\item \texttt{bash: command not found} if not installed. +\end{itemize} + +If bash is already installed, skip to \ref{std-install} + +\item bash installation: +\begin{description} +\item[Mac friendly procedure] +Look in the \path|MacOSX| directory of the \CD{} +for an image disk named \path|bash.dmg|. mount that +file by double-clicking it. The disk image (volume) will be mounted. +Then start the \path|i-Installer| application on that volume. You will be asked +to authenticate, if you have never seen that before, you might not have +enough privileges to install. Just enter your own user name and +password. Hit install. \path|bash| will be installed on your system. +\item[Terminal procedure] +\begin{enumerate} +\item Log in as an admin user, at least a user with Admin privileges or +sudo user or as the System Administrator. +\item Open the \path|MacOSX| directory on the \CD{} and copy +\path|bash.tar.gz| +to your home directory (\texttt{\~{}/}) +\item Then launch \path|Terminal| and type or copy/paste the +line below in a Terminal window): +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{(cd /usr/local/; sudo tar xvzf ~/bash.tar.gz)} +\end{alltt} +type a carriage-return: you will be asked for your password, and +\path|bash| will be +installed. +\item Quit \path|Terminal|. +\end{enumerate} +\end{description} +\item Now after using either install method, goto \ref{test-bash}: +you must obtain \path|/usr/local/bin/bash|\ldots{} (if not, try to log out and in). +\item\label{std-install} The installation procedure is the +same on MacOSX than on other UNIX platforms (as MacOSX is UNIX, +that's quite normal!). Nevertheless, you should read what follows: +\begin{itemize} + \item Note that in all commands of the following sections, +\cmdname{sh} must be replaced by \texttt{sudo bash}: +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{sh install-cd.sh} +\end{alltt} +becomes +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{sudo bash install-cd.sh} +\end{alltt} +etc. +\item On MacOSX, cd are auto-mounted: you \emph{don't} need to use +\texttt{mount}. The \CD{} will be mounted in the \path|/Volumes/| +directory: in order to make it the current directory, you just have to +type in \path|Terminal|: +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{cd /Volumes/TeXLive-7...} +\end{alltt} +(complete this line with the real name of the \CD{}: using +``auto completion'' by pressing the \texttt{<tab>} +key will do it). +\end{itemize} +\end{enumerate} +%\end{addbymb} + +\subsection[Running \protect\TeXLive{} from the CD-ROM]{Running \protect\TeXLive{} from the \protect\CD} +The organisation of \Webc{} means that you can run programs simply by +adding the appropriate directory under \path|bin| on the \CD{} to +your \texttt{PATH}, and the support files will all be found with no further +ado. The following shows the list of available systems and the +corresponding directories. \textbf{Only x86 Linux, Mac OSX, and + Windows are available on the default CD. You need to ask +for the Unix CD if you need the other systems.} + +\begin{flushleft} +\begin{tabular}{@{}l>{\ttfamily}ll} +Compaq Alpha Linux & alpha-linux & CD2\\ +Compaq Alphaev5 OSF 4.0d & alphaev5-osf4.0d & CD2\\ +HP9000 HPUX 10.20 & hppa2.0-hpux10.20 & CD2\\ +IBM RS 6000 AIX 4.2.* & rs6000-aix4.2.1.0 & CD2\\ +Intel x86 Solaris 2.8 & i386-solaris2.8 & CD2\\ +Intel x86 with GNU/Linux & i386-linux & CD1\\ +Mac OSX & powerpc-darwin5.3 & CD1\\ +Sun Sparc Solaris 2.7 & sparc-solaris2.7 & CD2\\ +Windows 9X/ME/NT/2K/XP & win32 & CD1\\ +\end{tabular} +\end{flushleft} + +You may worry that when you subsequently make fonts or change +configuration, things will go wrong because you cannot change files on +the \CD{}. However, you can maintain a parallel, writeable, \TeX{} +tree on your hard disk; this is searched before the main tree on the +\CD{}. The default location is \path|texmf-var| on the CD +(which does not exist!), so you \emph{must} override this by setting +the \texttt{VARTEXMF} environment variable. + + +Thus \emph{sh} or \emph{bash} users on an Intel PC +running Linux can mount the \TeXLive{} \CD{} on +\file{/mnt/cdrom} by issuing the command: + +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} +Then they should change the current directory to \path|/mnt/cdrom|, run +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{sh install-cd.sh} +\end{alltt} +and select the option \verb|<R>| (\emph{do not install files, set up to run +off CD-ROM}). After that, they should include the directory containing +the binaries for the given architecture into the search path +by updating the \texttt{PATH} variable. +\begin{verbatim} +PATH=/mnt/cdrom/bin/i386-linux:$PATH +export PATH +VARTEXMF=/usr/TeX/texmf-var +export VARTEXMF +\end{verbatim} +%\begin{addbymb} +\begin{description} + \item[MacOSX users] On MacOSX, the default shell is \texttt{tcsh}: +\begin{verbatim} +setenv PATH /Volumes/<cd-name>/bin/powerpc-darwin5.3:${PATH} +setenv VARTEXMF /usr/TeX/texmf-var +\end{verbatim} +\end{description} +%\end{addbymb} +For convenience, these statements can also be entered into the +\texttt{.profile} script. +%\begin{addbymb} +(for \texttt{tcsh} on MacOSX, +\verb=~/Library/init/tcsh/rc.mine=). +%\end{addbymb} + +If in doubt, ask your local system support guru to help you work out +how to mount your \CD{} or which directory to use for your system. + +Appropriate support files will be installed on your hard disk the +first time you need them. You can edit and change local configuration +files which are stored to the directory designated +by \texttt{\$VARTEXMF}. Any format file that is needed +will be generated and stored here. + +%------------------------------------------------ +\subsection{Installing \protect\TeXLive{} to a hard disk} +All of the necessary steps to install all or part of the distribution +on your hard disk are achieved by mounting the \CD{}, changing to the +top-level directory, and typing: +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{sh install-cd.sh} +\end{alltt} +(On some Unix systems, you may need to use \cmdname{sh5} or +\cmdname{bash}.) This script works by accessing lists of collections +and packages from the \CD{}, and trying to guess what sort of computer +system you are on. It should start by displaying the following: +\verbatiminput{../examples/ex1.tex} +It will then show the main control screen +(Figure~\ref{ins1}), which lets you change five +things: +\begin{enumerate} +\item the type of system you are on, or want to install for; +\item the \emph{installation scheme} you want to use (eg full, + recommended, basic etc) +\item the collections you want to change from +the installation scheme (they are organised into two sets: +\emph{standard collections} and \emph{language collections}); +\item the location on your hard disk to put the files; +\item some runtime behaviour features. +\end{enumerate} + +\begin{figure*} +\begin{center} +\ifnum\Status=2 +\boxedverbatiminput{../examples/ex2.tex} +\else +\begin{minipage}{0.8\textwidth} +\boxedverbatiminput{../examples/ex2.tex} +\end{minipage} +\fi +\caption{Main control screen}\label{ins1} +\end{center} +\end{figure*} + +You choose options by typing a letter or number and pressing `return'. +In the example, a Linux GNU/Linux system has been detected, the +default set of collections will be installed, and +the default installation directory is \path|/usr/TeX|; note +that the disk space required for the current installation +configuration is also displayed. If you make a suggested setup, you +need about 60 megabytes of disk free; however, the basic setup will +only take about 30 megabytes, and you can enhance it with selected +packages as you need them. + +%\begin{addbymb} +\begin{description} + \item[MacOSX users] Most frontends (\emph{TeXShop}, + \emph{ITeXMac}\ldots) use the \teTeX{} default location + which is \path|/usr/local/teTeX|, so, Mac users could find interest + in installing \TeXLive{} in \path|/usr/local/teTeX| +rather than in \path|/usr/TeX|. +\end{description} +%\end{addbymb} + +Under the directory you choose for installation, the installation +script will put the binaries in a subdirectory of \path|bin|, and the +support tree in \path|texmf|. An additional tree \path|texmf-var| +will contain copies of configuration files (except the main +\path|texmf.cnf|), which are to be modified by \path|texconfig| program. +This tree will also store generated format files for \TeX, \MF, etc. + +\begin{figure*} +\begin{center} +\ifnum\Status=2 +\boxedverbatiminput{../examples/ex3.tex} +\else +\begin{minipage}{.80\linewidth} +\footnotesize +\boxedverbatiminput{../examples/ex3.tex} +\end{minipage} +\fi +\caption{Selecting standard collections}\label{ins2} +\end{center} +\end{figure*} + +\begin{figure*} +\begin{center} +\ifnum\Status=2 +\boxedverbatiminput{../examples/ex4.tex} +\else +\begin{minipage}{.80\linewidth} +\footnotesize +\boxedverbatiminput{../examples/ex4.tex} +\end{minipage} +\fi +\caption{Selecting language collections}\label{ins3} +\end{center} +\end{figure*} + +When you choose |<C>| for \emph{standard collections}, you will see +the display of available collections (Figure \ref{ins2}). Each +collection --- TeX macro files, Metafont font families, and so on --- +consists of several packages. You can toggle their inclusion on or +off by pressing the key. Note that the selection letter keys are case +sensitive. + +When you choose |<L>| for \emph{language collections}, you will see +the display of available language support collections (Figure +\ref{ins3}). Each collection consists of several packages, which +provide features like hyphenation files and fonts. + +The |<O>| for \emph{options} item lets you decide whether to make new fonts +be created in another location (if you want the main package mounted +read-only for most users), and whether to make symbolic links for the +binaries, \cmdname{man} and \acro{GNU} \cmdname{info} pages in the `standard' +locations; you'll need `root' permissions for tasks to do this, of course. + +When you are finished, return to the main screen, and ask the +installation to start. It will take each of the collections and +systems that you requested, consult the list of files on the \CD{}, +and build a master list of files to transfer. These will then be +copied to your hard disk. If you installed a system, +an initialization sequence is now run +(creating format files, etc.). When this has finished, all you need do +is add the correct subdirectory of \texttt{bin} in the \TeX{} +installation to your path, and start using \TeX. If you want, you can +move the binaries up one level, e.g.\ from +\path|/usr/local/bin/alpha-osf3.2| +to \path|/usr/local/bin|; if you do this, however, you must +edit \path|texmf/web2c/texmf.cnf| (see Appendix~\ref{app:texmf.cnf}) +and change the line near the start which reads +\begin{verbatim} + TEXMFMAIN = $SELFAUTOPARENT +\end{verbatim} +to +\begin{verbatim} + TEXMFMAIN = $SELFAUTODIR +\end{verbatim} + +If you move the whole installation to another directory tree entirely, you +need to edit \envname{TEXMFMAIN} to specify the support tree explicitly, and +set \envname{TEXMFCNF} in your environment to \path|$TEXMFMAIN/texmf/web2c|. + +%------------------------------------------------ + +\subsection{Installing individual packages from \protect\TeXLive{} to a hard + disk} You may want to use the \TeXLive{} \CD{} to either update an +existing setup, or add features to an earlier installation from the +\CD{}. The main installation program is intended for the first time +only, and subsequently you should use the \texttt{install-pkg.sh} +script on the \CD{}. Run this by mounting the \CD{}, changing to +the mounted directory, and typing + +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh \emph{options}} +\end{alltt} + + +The script supports nine options; the first four let you set the +individual package you want to install, the whole collection (i.e., +\texttt{tex-mathextra}), the name of the mounted \CD{} directory, and +the name of the directory containing the list files (normally these +latter two will be set automatically): + +\begin{tabular}{ll} +\texttt{-{}-package=}\emph{name} & \\ +\texttt{-{}-collection=}\emph{name} & \\ +\texttt{-{}-cddir=}\emph{name} & \\ +\texttt{-{}-listdir=}\emph{name} & \\ +\end{tabular} + +What actually happens is controlled by four more switches; the first +two allow you to exclude documentation or source files from the +installation, the third stops the default action of running +\texttt{mktexlsr} on completion to rebuild the file database, and +the last does nothing but list the files that would be installed: + +\begin{tabular}{ll} +\texttt{-{}-nodoc} & \\ +\texttt{-{}-nosrc} & \\ +\texttt{-{}-nohash} & \\ +\texttt{-{}-listonly} & \\ +\end{tabular} + +Finally, you can specify that, instead of installing the files, the script +should make a \cmdname{tar} archive in a specified location: + +\begin{tabular}{ll} +\texttt{-{}-archive=}\emph{name} & \\ +\end{tabular} + +Thus, if we simply wanted to see the files that make up the package +\pkgname{fancyhdr} before we installed it, our command and output would be +as follows: + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn>> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr --listonly} +\else>> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=fancyhdr \bs} +>> \Ucom{-{}-listonly} +\fi{} +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.dvi +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.tex +texmf/lists/fancyhdr +texmf/source/latex/fancyhdr/README +texmf/source/latex/fancyhdr/fancyheadings.new +texmf/tex/latex/fancyhdr/extramarks.sty +texmf/tex/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.sty +texmf/tex/latex/fancyhdr/fixmarks.sty +\end{alltt} +Other examples of usage are: +\begin{itemize} +\item Install the \LaTeX{} package \texttt{natbib}: +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=natbib} +\end{alltt} +\item Install the \LaTeX{} package \texttt{alg} with no source files and no +documentation: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn>> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=alg --nosrc --nodoc} +\else>> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=alg \bs} +>> \Ucom{-{}-nosrc -{}-nodoc} +\fi\end{alltt} +\item Install all the packages available in the collection containing additional +Plain \TeX\ macros: +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --collection=tex-plainextra} +\end{alltt} +\item Place all files which are needed for PSTricks +in a \cmdname{tar} file in \path|/tmp|: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn>> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=pstricks --archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\else +>> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=pstricks \bs} +>> \Ucom{-{}-archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\fi\end{alltt} +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{The texconfig program} +\label{ssec:tex} + +After the installation program has copied all files to their final +locations, you can use a program called \cmdname{texconfig} that +allows you to configure the system to fit your local needs. This can +be called at any other time to change your setup, with a full-screen +(which requires the \cmdname{dialog} program, included as part of the +binary packages) or command-line interface. +It should be used for all maintenance, such as changes of installed +printers, or rebuilding the file database. Both modes have help text +to guide you through the facilities. + +\section{Installation and use under Windows} +\label{sec:wintex} +This section only applies to systems running Windows 9x, \acro{ME}, +\acro{NT}, \acro{2K} or \acro{XP}. + +It is also necessary to have your Windows set up so that it uses the +Microsoft Joliet extensions for reading \CD s; simply look at the +\CD{} in Explorer and see whether it shows long, mixed-case, file +names. If it does not, you cannot use the ready-to-run system on the +\CD. + +This Win32 \TeX{} systems includes a \texttt{dvi} previewer, +\textsf{Windvi}, which is similar in usage to the established Unix +\textsf{xdvi}. The documentation can be found in +\OnCD{texmf/doc/html/windvi/windvi.html}. + +\subsection[The TeXLive.exe program]{The \texttt{TeXLive.exe} program} + +\begin{figure*} + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{../pictures/Welcome-to-TeXLive} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 +\includegraphics[bb=20 20 575 432]{../pictures/Welcome-to-TeXLive.gif} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{../pictures/Welcome-to-TeXLive} + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{``Welcome to \TeXLive'' window}\label{graph:welcome} +\end{figure*} + +If your computer is configured to let the \CD{} autostart, then a +dialog box with a menu bar will popup on the screen, and you will have several choices +from there: +\begin{itemize} +\item Install \TeX{} on your hard disk, +\item Install TeX-oriented editors on your hard disk, +\item Install support packages on your hard disk (Ghostscript, NetPBM, + \ldots) +\item Do some maintenance on you \TeX{} system, +\item Remove the \TeX{} system, +\item Use \TeX{} off the \CD{}, +\item Cleanup the temporary files created on your hard disk when using + \TeX{} off the \CD{}, +\item Update some of the DLLs on your system, +\item Browse some documentation: \TeXLive{} documentation, TUG web + pages, \fpTeX web pages, +\item Run the \cmdname{TeXdocTK} application to find specific documentation. +\end{itemize} + +If your \CD{} does not autostart, you can explicitly run the program +by double clicking on \path|bin/win32/TeXLive.exe| on the \CD{} from +the explorer window. + +\subsection[Running \protect\TeXLive{} from the CD-ROM]{Running from +the \protect\CD{}} +You can run all the \TeX{} programs directly off the \CD, and have +access to all the macros and fonts immediately, at the price of a +slower performance than if you install on the hard disk. +To work effectively, one needs to modify +environment variables and to create some small auxiliary directories on a +hard disk. These directories will contain necessary configuration files +allowing the user to modify programs settings and to generate a necessary +format file. Moreover, automatically generated font files will be stored +there too. + +Should you want to run \TeX{} this way, you will have to follow these +steps: +\begin{enumerate} +\item from the menu, chose \verb|Explore CD-Rom|, then + \verb|Select a text editor|, a dialog box will open to select some \path|.exe| + program. + + This program needs to be a \TeX{} oriented editor. It must be able + to run the \TeX{} compiler, previewer and any other needed tool. If + you don't have one already installed on your system, you can install + one from the \CD{}, details section~{\ref{sec:texlive-install}}. + + \emph{There is no way we can guess if the program you will + select is actually a text editor, so be careful}. + Here is a list of frequently used \TeX{} editors: +\begin{center} + \begin{tabular}[ht]{ll} + GNU Emacs & \path|c:\Program Files\NTEmacs\bin\runemacs.exe| \\ + XEmacs & \path|c:\Program Files\XEmacs\XEmacs-21.2\i586-pc-win32\xemacs.exe| \\ + WinShell & \path|c:\Program Files\WinShell\WinShell.exe| \\ + WinEdt & \path|c:\Program Files\WinEdt Team\WinEdt\WinEdt.exe|\\ + TeXnicCenter & \path|c:\Program Files\TeXnicCenter\TEXCNTR.exe| + \end{tabular} +\end{center} + The program + selected will be memorized as the editor to use for future runs. + +\item from the menu, chose \verb|Explore CD-Rom|, then + \verb|Run TeX off CD-Rom|. The environment will be modified, a small + temporary directory created and some configuration files copied + there. Then, the selected editor selected will be launched, and you + will be able to type in some text, let \TeX{} typeset it and the + view it or print it. + + If Ghostscript is not detected on your machine, you will be warned + that rendering your DVI files might fail. You can install it from + the \path|Install|, \path|Support| menu item. See + section~\ref{sec:texlive-install} for details. + +\item you can select a different text editor any time you want. + +\item if you chose \verb|Cleanup CD-Rom setup|, everything \TeX{} + needed will be removed, comprised the selection of your text + editor, but not the extra packages you may have downloaded and + installed. If you installed \cmdname{WinShell} or \cmdname{NTEmacs}, +they won't be removed. +\end{enumerate} + +The editor is run inside a modified environment. A temporary TDS +compliant texmf tree is build in the temporary area of your computer. +It is needed to store files that may be build on the fly like pk font +files or format files. Configuration files are copied from the \CD{} +to this texmf tree, so that you can edit them if needed. The \path|ls-R| +database is computed for this texmf tree. +Then the \texttt{PATH} and \texttt{TEXMFCNF} environment +variables are set locally, and the editor is run in +this local environment. From within your editor\footnote{Actually, you can + state any other program than a text editor, and select your command + processor for example. You will then get a console with the right + settings to use \TeX{} from the \CD{}.}, you have access to a full +\TeXLive{} environment, all files referenced on the \CD{}. + + +\smallskip {\small\noindent \textbf{[For advanced users:]} You can + also use the small batch file \path|mkloctex.bat| to be called in a + directory \path|setupw32| of the \CD. From the Start menu select + `Run', then browse CD drive and select \path|mkloctex.bat|. Before + starting it, you should add two parameters separated by a space: the + letter of your CD drive and the letter of the hard disk where you + want to install the \TeX\ directory. The whole line should read, + e.g., \verb+d:\setupw32\mkloctex.bat d c+. When installation is + complete, please read carefully the information on screen. If you + are running Windows 9x/ME, then you will have to restart Windows. } + +\subsection{Installing editors or support packages} +\label{sec:texlive-install} + +You can already use the \path|TeXSetup.exe| program to install a +single, not \TeX{} dependent package. This might be either an editor +like \cmdname{WinShell} or \cmdname{NTEmacs}, +or also a support package like \cmdname{NetPBM} +(graphics formats conversion) or \cmdname{Ghostscript}. + +Some of the packages are not free, or not with the same meaning as for +the rest of the \CD{}. These packages have been made available through +the Internet. You need to enable an Internet connection in order to +install them. Chosing the \path|Enable Internet access| subitem will +search your system for an active Internet connection, or start one if +possible. \emph{If your computer is not connected to the Internet, + then the timeout might be long, 30s or more}. So try to enable it +only if you know you have a connection. + +Only a few packages are available from the \CD{}, but the most +important of them: \cmdname{NTEmacs} and \cmdname{WinShell} for the +editors, \cmdname{Ghostscript} and \cmdname{NetPBM} for the other +support packages. \cmdname{NetPBM} is needed for running \TeX{}4ht. + +The downloadable packages are sometimes huge: \cmdname{Perl} is 10Mb, +\cmdname{XEmacs} is 50Mb, so be warned that it can take a lot of time +to install such things. \path|TeXSetup.exe| does not yet provide an +estimation of the time needed to complete the download. + +When installing these packages, \path|TeXSetup| is working in +unattended mode. However, the programs that have their own installer +like WinEdt or Ghostscript for example will require human interaction. + +Those packages who have no specific installer will be unpacked and configured +for your system. You will be required to select some directory where +they will be installed. The directory to select should be the root +directory of the whole installation. Assuming you want to install +NTEmacs and NetPBM, the archive files already contain the +\path|NTEmacs\| and \path|NetPBM\| part, so the directory you have to +select is something like \path|c:\Local| or \path|c:\Program Files|. + +\subsection{Installing to your hard disk} + +Installation is started by letting the CD autostart, and +selecting the item \verb|Install| from the menu, then the subitem +\verb|TeXLive|. This will invoke the \path|TeXSetup.exe|. You can also find +it in the \path|bin/win32| directory and run it. \path|TeXSetup.exe| +is a Windows wizard and it will display several pages while running. + +\begin{description} +\item[Welcome Page] + You can choose a \emph{quick} installation from + there, in this case, the installation will run without any human + assistance from beginning to end, with all the default settings + (Figure~\ref{graph:setup-src}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). However, if you chose to install any support program that has its + own installer like WinEdt or Ghostscript, your intervention might be required. + If you have enough privileges (administrator or power user rights) + under a Windows version where it is applicable, then you can decide + to install the \TeXLive{} for all users or for yourself only by + checking the appropriate box. + + \begin{figure*}[!htb] + The \cmdname{TeXSetup} Wizard\hfill + Source directories for the \TeXLive{} files + + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/setup-wizard.jpg}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/source-for-texlive.jpg} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/setup-wizard.gif} +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/source-for-texlive.gif} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/setup-wizard}% + \hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/source-for-texlive} + \fi + \fi + \caption{The \TeXLive{} setup wizard}\label{graph:setup-src} + \end{center} +\end{figure*} +\item[Source Page] + This page is a bit complex. It will allow you to select two source + directories for your \TeXLive{} system + (Figure~\ref{graph:setup-src}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). You will need a \emph{local + source directory} and possibly a \emph{remote source directory}. + + Why do we need both these directories? The very files of the + \TeXLive{} system are on the \CD{}, but some other packages useful + under a Win32 system are not, either because of space lacking or + because their license was not compatible with the \TeXLive{}'s one. + You need to enable Internet downloading if you want to install these + support packages. + + However, don't panic: the default parameters of the setup will allow + you to install a full system using the \CD{} only. Simply, you won't + have \file{WinEdt} for example, but you will be able to install it + later. + + So you can take your files from: + \begin{itemize} + \item the \CD{} or any similar flat tree of files, available through + some standard directory (this means the \CD{} can be mounted on + some remote machine and be made available through network + sharing), + \item a set of \file{.zip} files (this is the case when you are + installing the + \fpTeX{} distribution), + \item the Internet, in this case, the program takes care of + downloading the \file{.zip} files it needs for you. + \end{itemize} + This option is available only if you enable Internet file + downloading in the right part of the page. You also need to + configure this Internet access by selecting to connect either using + Internet Explorer~5 \file{wininet.dll}, or using a direct connection (\texttt{ftp}, + \texttt{http}). +% or using a proxy server. +% Last, you can be assisted in defining the \emph{local source +% directory} and \emph{remote source directory} which will be used +% to copy the files onto your hard disk. The \texttt{browse} buttons +% allow to select a directory for the former, and an url among a list +% of mirrors for the latter. +\item[Root Page] + On this page, you will tell where you want the files to be + installed (Figure~\ref{graph:root-schm}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). Only the root directory really matters, the other ones + are set according to the root one. You may want to make + \path|$TEXMFEXTRA| point to some TDS compliant directory with other + \TeX{} files or assign a different value to + \path|$HOMETEXMF|, which is set by default to whatever Windows think + is your `HOME' location. +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + Root and directories\hfill% + Scheme selection + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{../pictures/root-of-installation.jpg}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{../pictures/scheme-selection.jpg} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/root-of-installation.gif} +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/scheme-selection.gif} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{../pictures/root-of-installation}% + \hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{../pictures/scheme-selection} + \fi + \fi + \caption{\TeXLive-Setup: Root and directories / Schemes}\label{graph:root-schm} + \end{center} +\end{figure*} +\item[Get TPM Page] + This page does not require any manual intervention. The \file{.tpm} + files which describe collections and packages are retrieved + (possibly from the Internet), unzipped if needed and parsed. +\item[Schemes Page] + On this page, you will select the global scheme of your + installation (Figure~\ref{graph:root-schm}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). A scheme is a large set of files targeted at some kind + of usage. There are 3 generic schemes for basic, recommended and + full installation. The other ones are devoted to LUGs (what GUST or + GUTenberg propose for their members) or applications (XML and + \TeX{}). + When a scheme is selected, it is still possible to refine the + selection by checking the appropriate box. If doing so, you will be + presented the packages page to change your selection, else you will + jump to the review page. +\item[Packages Page] + Collections and packages are presented in a tree form + (Figure~\ref{graph:win32-support}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). The links + in the tree are dependency links. Collections \emph{depend on} + packages and maybe other collections, and it is the same for each + package. You can select any package or collection individually, but + your request will be granted only if the object is not requested by + another one which is selected. For example, you can't deselect + \texttt{tex-basic} without deselecting all the collections that + request it. + + The \texttt{win32-support} collection displayed on the picture is Win32 specific. It + holds a number of bonus packages (Figure~\ref{graph:win32-support}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ) which can be installed + automatically and individually: Ghostscript, the PostScript + interpreter, \TeX{} oriented editors, tools like Perl, + \LaTeX{}2HTML, etc. \emph{None of these packages are selected by + default}. Some of them have an Internet Explorer icon on their + right, this means that they are not on the \CD{} and they will be + available only if you previously enabled Internet + downloading. \emph{This collection cannot be selected entirely at + once: you need to select the packages individually}. This is to + avoid unwanted downloads of huge files. + + On this page, you also have the information about disk space + needed, for each object, and for the set of those who are selected, + and also the disk space available on the partition selected for the + installation. Last, you can choose to install or not the + documentation files and source files associated with each package. +\item[Review Page] + You will find there a summary of your choices + (Figure~\ref{graph:review}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). It is still time to + go back to change them. +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + Packages Page\hfill% + Win32 Support + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/package-selection}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/win32-support} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/package-selection.gif}\hfill% +\includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/win32-support.gif} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/package-selection}% + \hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/win32-support} + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{Packages Page / Win32 goodies} + \label{graph:win32-support} +\end{figure*} +\item[Files Copy Page] + The selected files are copied on your hard disk (Figure~\ref{graph:file-copy}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). All the files not + yet available on your local disk are first downloaded from the + remote source directory on the Internet. Then every package is + unpacked (if \path|.zip| files), or copied from the \CD{}. +\item[Configuration Page] Several packages need some configuration + step to make them usable (Figure~\ref{graph:configuration}, + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the left% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the top% + \else + on the left% + \fi\fi + ). Also the \TeXLive{} system needs some post-processing step + (format files generation, ls-R databases generation, environment + variables, etc.). All these operations are done there, some of them + can be lengthy. +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + \textbf{Review Page}\hfill% + \textbf{File Copy Page} + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/review-settings}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/file-copy} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/review-settings.gif}\hfill% + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/file-copy.gif} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/review-settings}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/file-copy}% + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{Review Page / File Copy Page} + \label{graph:review}\label{graph:file-copy} +\end{figure*} +\item[Final Page] The installation being over, you may want to display + the Windows specific documentation (HTML format) and / or the log + file of the setup process (Figure~\ref{graph:final} + \ifnum \Status = 1 + on the right% + \else\ifnum \Status=2 + at the bottom% + \else + on the right% + \fi\fi + ). If it is needed (Win9x/WinME), you will + be asked to reboot your computer. +\end{description} + +\begin{figure*}[!htb] + \textbf{Configuration Page}\hfill% + \textbf{Final Page} + \begin{center} + \ifnum \Status=1 + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/configuration}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/congratulations} + \else + \ifnum \Status=2 + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/configuration.gif}\hfill% + \includegraphics[bb=0 0 506 403]{../pictures/congratulations.gif} + \else + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/configuration}\hfill% + \includegraphics[width=.48\textwidth]{../pictures/congratulations}% + \fi + \fi + \end{center} + \caption{Configuration Page / Final page} +\label{graph:configuration}\label{graph:final} +\end{figure*} + +Please be aware that the choice of cluster size on DOS disk +partitions can radically affect the size of your \TeX\ +installation. The support tree has hundreds of small files, and it is +not unusual for a complete installation to take up to 4 times the +amount of space used on the \CD. + + +\section[Maintenance and other aspects of the \protect\TeXLive{} +installation under Windows]{Maintenance and other aspects of the \protect\TeXLive{} +installation under Windows} + +\subsection{What's different under Win32 from the standard \Webc ?} +The Win32 version of \Webc{} has some specific features that need to +be noticed. + +\begin{description} +\item[\KPS{}] the hash-tables that \KPS{} builds are quite large for + the \TeXLive{}. In order to cut down the starting time of any + \KPS{}-enabled program, these hash-tables have been put in shared + memory. This way, when you chain the execution of several such + programs, like \path|tex| calling \path|mpost| calling \path|tex|, + the overhead when starting each of the programs but the first will + be reduced. This change is hidden to the user, except if you set the + debug flag of kpathsea to the \path|-1| value: you will then trace + access to the shared memory, which is not what you want (it is + accessed very often!). What is useful in a log trace of the shared + memory access is still to be defined, so the situation might evolve + in the future. +\item[\cmdname{kpsecheck}] this command provides some option that did + not fit well into \cmdname{kpsewhich}. It will allow you to list all + the files that occur multiple times across your texmf trees. This + could be handy, but most of the time you will also get unwanted + output (like dozens of \path|README| files)\footnote{It is noticeable + that all these files result in clashes inside the \KPS{}-hashing + mechanism, fortunately, \KPS{} never look for these files.}. For + this reason, you can combine the \path|-multiple-occurences| with 2 + other options for including or excluding any filename that match + some pattern (you can request for several patterns). + + The \cmdname{kpsecheck} command will also report the status of + shared memory: in use or not used. That might be useful to know + because if the status reported is ``in use'', that means one or + several processes are working, and the effect of any + \cmdname{mktexlsr} command will be delayed until the next time where + no \KPS{} linked process will be running. + + Last, this same command will report about the location it thinks + Ghostscript can be found. Under Win32, for many programs, it is + easier to use the Ghostscript dll, and find it by using the + Ghostscript registry key than to change the \path|PATH|, which has a + limited length anyway. +\item[\Webc{}] the engines have a few more options than the ones from regular + \Webc{}, and one option with a different behaviour: + \begin{itemize} + \item the \path|-fmt| option behaves differently. Previously and + with the regular \Webc{} distribution, this option has 2 different + meanings when you are in ``ini'' or ``vir'' mode. Under Win32, it + has the same meaning: preload the format file specified with the + argument. The meaning of building a format of such name in ``ini'' + mode is obtained by the new \path|-job-name| option. + \item \path|-job-name| option: allows to set the name of the file + resulting from the compilation process. In normal mode, it will + change the base name of all files produced (\path|.dvi|, + \path|.aux|, etc.), while in ``ini'' mode, it will set the name of + the format file written. + \item \path|-halt-on-error| stop the compilation at the first error. + \item \path|-job-time| set the job time to the same timestamp as the + file given in argument. + \item \path|-output-directory| allow to write all the output files in the + specified directory. + \item \path|-time-statistics| print statistics about the job run + time. It is to be noted that Win9x not being a true multitasking + operating system, it has no reliable timer for short periods, so + the value printed is an approximation. Under NT/2K/XP, the result + is quite accurate with user time and system time values allocated + for this run. For Unix + users: the \path|time| command is not usually available to Windows + users. + \end{itemize} +\end{description} + +\subsection{Adding packages to your installation} + +You will find an option in the \texttt{TeXLive} menu (or go to +\texttt{Start -> Programs -> TeXLive -> Add TeX package} menu) to run again +\file{TeXSetup.exe}, but in maintenance mode this time. The steps you +will go through are almost identical to the ones the first time you +run it. + +The only different step is about the packages selection page. In +maintenance mode, the list of installed packages is compared to the +list of packages available from your source directories. Packages that +are not installed will be displayed in green, out of date packages +will be displayed in red and up to date, installed packages are +displayed in black. + +This way, you can choose to add or upgrade components, either from +your \CD{} or from the +Internet, where you are likely to find some more recent version of +your packages. + +It is up to you to select which ones of the packages you want to +install. The rest of the process is similar to the first installation. + +If you want to add files that are not provided by the \TeXLive{} (or +\fpTeX{}) distribution, it is recommended to put them in the +\path|$TEXMFLOCAL| directory. This way, you will be safe against +upgrades of the \TeXLive{} software. + +The directory pointed to by \path|$TEXMFLOCAL| is initially empty. If +you want to add there the support file for Maple (symbolic computation +program) for example, you will have to put the style files in:\\ +\path|c:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf-local\tex\latex\maple\|\\ +and the documentation files in:\\ +\path|c:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf-local\doc\latex\maple\| + +Next, \textbf{do not forget to rebuild the ls-R databases files}, +either by using the right menu (Start -> Programs -> TeXLive + -> Maintenance), either by manually running the \file{mktexlsr} + command. + +\subsection[Removing \protect\TeXLive{} from your hard disk]{Removing + \protect\TeXLive{} from your hard disk} + +The uninstall procedure is available either from the +\file{TeXLive.exe} program, from the \path|TeXLive| menu or from the +control panel (Start menu -> Control Panel, Add/Remove Programs +option). This procedure will cleanup your hard disk of most of the +\TeXLive{} files. However, \TeX{} is a system that is creating files +and there is no mechanism to keep track of all of them. Moreover, +Win32 support packages have their own uninstall procedure, which you +will have to run separately (provided you want to get rid of them). Last, +the files you may have stored in \path|$TEXMFLOCAL| won't be +removed. So, even if the vast majority of files are automatically +removed by the uninstall procedure, you will have to do some manual +cleanup to actually remove all of them. + +\subsection{Running \texttt{TeXSetup.exe} from the command line} + +The \path|TeXSetup.exe| program has a number of other interesting +options. You can get the list by running: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\>TeXSetup --help +\end{verbatim} + +Here is the description: +\begin{description} +\item[\path|--automatic-reboot|] reboot without waiting user + confirmation once installation is over; +\item[\path|--dry-run|] do nothing, just log everything that will be + done without this option; +\item[\path|--quick|] use the recommended installation and default + directories, ask nothing up to rebooting; +\item[\path|--net-method (=ie5/direct)|] enable to download components with + restricted licenses from the Internet (either using direct + connection of Internet Explorer 5 DLLs): you need to have an available + network connection and some of the packages are huge; +\item[\path|--remote-source-directory <url>|] this is the base url for the remote packages; +\item[\path|--local-source-directory <dir>|] by default, \path|TeXSetup.exe| + will guess the root directory of the set of files you want it to act on, if you ever + upgrade \path|TeXSetup.exe|, you won't be able to copy the new version + onto your \CD{}, so you will need to use this option to specify the + root of the \CD{}; +\item[\path|--installation-directory <dir>|] this is the root of your + installation, all files will be copied under this location. The + default value is \verb+c:\Program Files\TeXLive+; +\item[\path|--texmfmain-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--texmflocal-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--texmfextra-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--texmfhome-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--vartexmf-directory <dir>|] +\item[\path|--vartexfonts-directory <dir>|] these are the directories + used to configure the location of your files. They map directly to + the \path|texmf.cnf| variables. +\item[\path|--with-source-files(=yes/no)|] copy the source files + for \TeX{} packages, default value is no; +\item[\path|--with-documentation-files(=yes/no)|] copy documentation files for \TeX{} + packages. Default value is yes. Beware: this is only documentation about specific + packages, general documentation will be installed anyway; +\item[\path|--program-folder <folder>|] the name of the folder under + which you will find the menus; +\item[\path|--add-package <pkg>|] this is used to add or update a specific + package after a first regular installation; +\item[\path|--scheme <pkg>|] install the named scheme instead of the + default \path|texlive-recommended| scheme; +\item[\path|--maintenance|] mostly the same as \path|--add-package| + without specifying a package to add; +\item[\path|--uninstall|] this option will remove anything \TeX{} related coming from + the \CD{}, which means there can be files left if you added style + files or format files, and also that supplementary tools will not be + removed\footnote{This option is still a bit crude as of \today}; +\item[\path|--help|] this option opens up a box with the list of options. +\end{description} + +\subsection{Network installation} + +\KPS{} knows about UNC names, so you can use them to get your TEXMF +tree from the network. But there is better than this. +All the support files and configuration files, everything except the files in the +\path|bin/win32| are shareable with a \teTeX{} or Unix \TeXLive{} installation. That means +you can use Samba either to mount from an NT server to a Unix +workstation or the converse. Several strategies are possible: +\begin{itemize} +\item Put everything on the server. Just add each set of files for the os and +architecture you want to use in the \path|bin| directory. That means +for example \path|bin/win32| and \path|bin/i386-linux|. Next configure +your main variables. You can use UNC names to +point to the right directories under Win32. +\item Install a local copy for the binaries and format files. In this + case, assign \path|$TEXMFMAIN| to the main \path|texmf| tree that + will be accessed remotely. Set \path|$VARTEXMF| to be a local + directory which will hold local configuration files and on-the-fly + generated files. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Personal Configurations} + +\subsubsection{\cmdname{WinShell}} +\label{sec:winshell} + +Start this program from the Start menu or from the Desktop shortcut. +Go to \textbf{Options} \verb+->+ \textbf{Program Calls}. + +\begin{itemize}\itemsep 0pt +\item In the DVIWin tab, if the filename is \textbf{yap}, replace it +with \textbf{windvi.exe}. +\item In Ghostview tab, make sure it gives the correct path for +gsview32.exe:\\ +\hspace*{1em} \verb+C:\ghostgum\gsview\gsview32.exe+ (for 3.6, the +current version)\\ +or \\ +\hspace*{1em} \verb+C:\gstools\gsview\gsview32.exe+ (for the older +version) + +\end{itemize} + +Click \textbf{OK}. + +Note that the install process sets all files with the \texttt{.tex} +extension to open with \cmdname{WinShell}. Unless you plan to use another editor +(such as WinEdt or Emacs), this is appropriate. + +Unfortunately, \cmdname{WinShell} does not have a spell-checking feature. +However, if you have installed the \path|tex-extrabin| collection, +your installation includes \textbf{Ispell} (a spell checking program +found on most Unix systems). The executable is in your PATH so +\verb+ispell.exe+ will be found if you invoke it from a DOS window. +If you installed documentation, look +at\\ +\verb+C:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf\doc\html\manpages\ispell.html+\\ +for information on Ispell. (Otherwise, you can find +\verb+ispell.html+ on the CD.) If you rely on spell checking, you may +want to add an Ispell icon to \cmdname{WinShell}. See +subsection~\ref{winshell:ispell} of this document for how to do that. + +For an excellent commercial (but inexpensive) spelling checker, +see \url{http://www.microspell.com}. + +%Appendix B also contains other information about using \cmdname{WinShell}, such as: +% +%\begin{itemize} +%\item How to apply a bug fix you probably need +%\item How to print directly from \cmdname{WinShell} +%\item How to use the Project feature for multiple-file documents +%\end{itemize} + +\cmdname{WinShell} also has on-line help, which you can access via the +$\textbf{\underbar{?}}$ on the menu bar. + +Other information about using \cmdname{WinShell} can be found in +section \ref{winshell:more} on p.~\pageref{winshell:more}. + +\subsubsection{Dvips} + +The configuration file for dvips can be found in\\ +\verb+C:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf-var\dvips\config\config.ps+\\ +You may open it with any editor (\cmdname{WinShell} will do fine) and change +some parameters: + +\begin{description} +\item [fonts] you can change the default printer \MF{} mode or printer + resolution in case dvips needs to generate PK fonts. By default it + is configured to use type1 versions of the CM fonts, so it should + not call \cmdname{mktexpk} too often; +\item[printer] you can tell dvips where you want to print by + default. If the `o' option is not followed by a printer name, then a + \file{.ps} PostScript file is written. You can give dvips a printer + name such as: +\begin{verbatim} +o lpt1: +% o | lpr -S server -P myprinter +% o \\server\myprinter +\end{verbatim} +\item[paper] Next, you might want + to change the paper size from European (A4) to US letter + by making the US letter the first paper size mentioned in the file. + Scroll to the group of lines beginning with ``@''. Move + the appropriate lines so that this section begins with the lines:\\ +\hspace*{1em} @ letterSize 8.5in 11in\\ +\hspace*{1em} @ letter 8.5in 11in\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ \%\%BeginPaperSize: Letter\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ letter\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ \%\%EndPaperSize +\end{description} + +\textbf{Note:} The current \TeXLive{} distribution has implemented (for +the first time!) the procedure of making always up-to-date fontmaps files +for Dvips and Pdftex. This is done by \cmdname{updmap} program +during installation, as well as during any font package addition. +If you add new packages by hand, edit the file \verb+updmap.cfg+ +in \path|$VARTEXMF/web2c|. + +\subsubsection{Pdftex} +If you want to use the program pdf{}latex to convert directly to +pdf format, and you are using US letter file, edit the file\\ +\verb+C:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf-var\pdftex\config\pdftex.cfg+\\ +and change ``page\_width'' and ``page\_height'' to specify letter-size paper. +These entries should read:\\ +\hspace*{1em} page\_width 8.5 true in\\ +\hspace*{1em} page\_height 11 true in\\[6pt] +Save the file and exit the editor. + +\subsubsection{GSView} +Starting from versions compatible with Ghostscript 6.50, GSView is not +free anymore, but shareware. So it is not on the \CD{} anymore. + +You may want to change the papersize to US letter size. If so, +open GSView from the Start menu. \\ +From the \textbf{Media} menu, select \textbf{Letter}. + +Also, there are menu settings that are supposed to give you the +most readable screen image:\\[4pt] + From \textbf{Media} \verb+->+ \textbf{Display Settings}, +set \textbf{Text Alpha} +and \textbf{Graphics Alpha} both to 4 bits. + +Note that the installation process has set all .ps and .eps files +to automatically open with GSView. + +For printing instructions, see section~\ref{printing} below. + +\subsubsection{WinDvi} +\label{sub:windvi} + +The \file{TeXSetup.exe} program takes care of associating the files +with the \file{.dvi} extension with \file{Windvi}. + +Open it from the Start menu (Programs \verb+->+ TeXLive \verb+->+ DVI Viewer). +You can set it for US letter paper by going to \textbf{View} \verb+->+ \textbf{Options} +and next to \textbf{Papertype}, +selecting US (8.5\verb+"+ x 11\verb+"+). +Click \textbf{OK}. +Exit Windvi. +You can change other parameters from there, like the ability to +execute commands included in path|\special{}|. +Also, the first time you +view any .dvi file, you may find the magnification too large. Zoom out +until you get an appropriate size. + +%There are two important parameters related to printing that can't yet +%be set from the dialog boxes, namely the resolution and the \MF{} mode +%for the printer. You can set them once for all by specifying them on +%the command line: +%\begin{verbatim} +%c:\>windvi -p 360 -mfmode canonbjc foo.dvi +%\end{verbatim} +%When you will exit Windvi, these parameters will be stored in the +%configuration file. The available modes are found in this file:\\ +%\path|c:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf\metafont\misc\modes.mf| + +All the configuration for Windvi is stored in the +\path|$HOME/windvi.cnf| file. You can find it by running this command +at the prompt: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\>kpsewhich --expand-var $HOME/windvi.cnf +\end{verbatim} + +Should you have problems with Windvi, please remove the configuration +file and test your problem against a vanilla configuration. + +\subsection{Testing} + +You can test \cmdname{WinShell} by opening the file \verb+sample2e.tex+, found in +\path|C:\Local\TeX\texmf\tex\latex\base|. The \LaTeX\ source should appear +on the screen. Process it by clicking on the \LaTeX\ icon on the toolbar, +then view it by clicking on the Preview (Windvi) icon. + +At first, when you preview files with Windvi, it will create fonts because +screen fonts were not installed. After a while, you will have created most +of the fonts you use, and you will rarely see the font-creation window. +Return to \cmdname{WinShell} and try dvips, then GSView. + +\textbf{Hint for the future:} If a \LaTeX\ run stops because \LaTeX\ +cannot find a file, you can press \textbf{Ctrl-z} to quit. + +\subsection{Printing}\label{printing} + +It is possible to print from Windvi. In this case, printing will +be done using the Windows unified printer driver. By definition, it +is compatible with all printers. However, there is some drawback: it +can generate some huge spool files, and some (older) versions of Windows just +don't like them. The advantage is that you can use features like +embedding BMP or WMF images. You also need to make sure that the +printer parameters are correctly set (subsection~\ref{sub:windvi}), +else you will get scaled printing (printing at 600dpi on a 300dpi +printer will give you only one quadrant of your page). + + +Printing is faster and more reliable if you run dvips to make a +.ps file and then print from GSView. To print from GSView, first select +\textbf{Print...} from the \textbf{File} menu. A Print window will appear. + +If you will be using a PostScript printer, \textit{be sure to select +\textbf{PostScript Printer}}. In the newer version this is done in +the ``Print Method'' box at the bottom left of the Print window. You +can then select any of the printers that you have previously installed +on your PC. If you fail to check the box for PostScript Printer, +printing will not work. + +If you will be using your own non-PostScript printer, select +\textbf{Ghostscript device} in the ``Print Method'' box, then click on +the button to the right labelled \textbf{djet500} and select your +printer type from the list that pops up. (In the older version of +GSView, make sure PostScript Printer is \textit{not} selected, then +select your printer type from the ``Device'' list.) + +If you use \cmdname{WinShell} and a PostScript printer, probably the most +convenient way to print is to add an icon to the \cmdname{WinShell} toolbar that +invokes dvips in a way that sends the output directly to a default +printer. For detailed instructions on how to do this, see +\ref{winshell:print} on p.~\pageref{winshell:print} +(\textit{More About \cmdname{WinShell}}). + +\subsection{More About \cmdname{WinShell}}\label{winshell:more} +\subsubsection{Installing Bug Fixes} + +\cmdname{WinShell}'s author (\href{mailto:idb@winshell.de}{Ingo de Boer}, +thanks to him) sometimes releases beta versions of the next \cmdname{WinShell} +version which are also bug fixes. You can grab them from +\url{http://www.winshell.de}. Usually they are \file{.zip} files that +only require to be unpacked in \cmdname{WinShell} directory (\path|c:\Program +Files\WinShell| by default), either using WinZip or a similar tool, or +by using \file{unzip} on the command line. If you got some +\file{winshellbugfix.zip} file and that you saved it in the \cmdname{WinShell} +directory, then you need to run: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\>cd c:\"Program Files"\WinShell +c:\>c:\local\bin\unzip winshellbugfix.zip +\end{verbatim} +Say `yes' if you are asked if some files should be overwritten. The +\path|unzip.exe| programme can be found in the +\path|support/gnu-utils| package. If you +do not have it on your machine, you can use any archiver tool like +WinZip to achieve the same effect. + +\subsubsection{Using the Project Feature} +If your document is split into several files +(for example a thesis), look into \cmdname{WinShell}'s ``Project'' feature. From the +\textbf{Project} menu, you give the project a name (e.g., Thesis), +supply the name of the main (or root) file, and then ``add'' other +files. These filenames display on the left of the screen where you can +double click the names to view and switch between them. Clicking +the \textbf{\LaTeX} icon always processes the main file. + +Note the icons on the toolbar for toggling the project space (on the left) +and the log space (at the bottom). If you are not using the Project +feature, you may want to toggle off the space on the left, using the full +screen width to display your file. + +\subsubsection{Printing from \cmdname{WinShell} to a PostScript Printer} +\label{winshell:print} + +The Dvips icon on the \cmdname{WinShell} toolbar puts the PostScript output in a file, +which you can then view with GSView and print from there if you choose. +However, it's convenient to add a \cmdname{WinShell} ``program call'' to dvips which +sends the output directly to a designated PostScript printer. The steps +below show how to do this for the printer \textbf{vclw}; you should +substitute the name of your most frequently-used printer for \textbf{vclw}. +\begin{enumerate} +\item Make the program aware of the printer: +\begin{itemize} + +\item Open \cmdname{WinShell}, go to \textbf{Options} \verb+->+ +\textbf{Program Calls} \verb+->+ \textbf{User defined}. + +\item Click on \textbf{Tool 1} in the list on the right and fill in the +fields to the left as follows:\vspace{-6pt} +\begin{quote} +Name: \verb+Print+\\ +exe file: \verb+dvips+\\ +cmd-line: \verb+ -D600 %m -o vclw+\\ +Uncheck the box for ``DVIPS first'' +\end{quote}%\vspace{-12pt} +\item Click \textbf{OK} +\end{itemize} +\item Add Print to the toolbar: +\begin{itemize} +\item Go to \textbf{Options} \verb+->+ \textbf{View} \verb+->+ \textbf{Customize}. +\item In the Category box, select \textbf{User-Programs}. +\item Select \textbf{Print} and drag it to the toolbar, placing it just to + the right of the GSView icon. +\item You then have a choice of ``Image only'', ``Text only'', or ``Image and +Text''. The easiest is to select ``Text only'' and click \textbf{OK}. +You should then see \textbf{Print} on the toolbar. (If you prefer, you can +select ``Image only'', then ``Edit'', and edit the displayed picture to your +satisfaction.) +\end{itemize} +\end{enumerate} +Now, to print a \LaTeX\ document, just click on the \textbf{Print} icon to +send to your selected printer. To use a different printer, you will need to +click on the \textbf{Dvips} icon to print to a file. Then click on the +GSView icon and use GSView to send to any printer you have installed on +your PC. + +\subsubsection{Adding Ispell to \cmdname{WinShell}} +\label{winshell:ispell} +\begin{enumerate} +\item Add Ispell to User Tools: +\begin{itemize} +\item Open \cmdname{WinShell}, go to \textbf{Options} \verb+->+ +\textbf{Program Calls} \verb+->+ \textbf{User defined}. +\item In the list on the right, click on \textbf{Tool 1} (or \textbf{Tool + 2} if you have already used \textbf{Tool 1}) and fill in the +fields to the left as follows:\vspace{-6pt} +\begin{quote} +Name: \verb+Ispell+\\ +exe file: \verb+ispell+\\ +cmd-line: \verb+ -t -d american %c.tex+\\ +Uncheck the boxes for ``LaTeX first'' and ``DVIPS first'' +\end{quote}%\vspace{-12pt} +\item Click \textbf{OK} +\end{itemize} + +\item Add Ispell to the toolbar: %\vspace{-14pt} +\begin{itemize}\itemsep 0pt +\item Go to \textbf{Options} \verb+->+ \textbf{View} \verb+->+ \textbf{Customize}. +\item In the Category box, select \textbf{User-Programs}. +\item Select \textbf{Ispell} and drag it to the toolbar, placing it just to + the right of the GSView icon (or the last icon you added). +\item You then have a choice of ``Image only'', ``Text only'', or ``Image and +Text''. The easiest is to select ``Text only'' and click \textbf{OK}. +You should then see \textbf{Ispell} on the toolbar. (If you prefer, you can +select ``Image only'', then ``Edit'', and edit the displayed picture to your +satisfaction.) +\end{itemize} +\end{enumerate} +Now, when you have a \LaTeX\ document open, you can click on +\textbf{Ispell} to perform spell checking. Ispell will open another window +and display the first misspelled word on the left with the filename on the +right. Below that you will see the context in which the misspelling appears; +often several suggestions for replacements are also displayed. To replace +the word, enter the number corresponding to the desired replacement. Other +possible responses are listed below; for example, you can press the space +bar to ignore the misspelled word. For more information on Ispell, read the +manual page: \verb+C:\Program Files\TeXLive\texmf\doc\html\manpages\ispell.html+. + +Note that when you replace a word, you will not see the correction in your +\cmdname{WinShell} window until you close the file (click the X in the upper right +corner) and then open it again (use the File menu). + +\subsection{Tips and tricks about the Win32 platform} + +\subsubsection{Different flavors of Win32} + +What we call Win32 is not an operating system by itself. It is a set +of functions -- and a large one\footnote{Around 12000 functions in the + header files of the Microsoft SDK} -- that you can use to write +programs for different operating systems of the Windows family. + +Windows comes in different flavors: +\begin{itemize} +\item Win95, Win98 and WinME, which \emph{are not true multitasking, + multithreading} environments. They are the latest -- and hopefully + last -- metamorphosis of DOS. This can be more or less proven by the + fact that when booting, the PC will load the \path|command.com| + interpreter, and if you stop the boot process at this point, you can + ask for the current (DOS) version and it will answer something like + 'MS-DOS 7.0' (at least for the old versions of Win9x); +\item Windows NT, which is a new operating system written from scratch, + capable of + true multitasking behaviour, and loaded with high level features; +\item Windows 2K, written on an NT basis, with all the bells and + whistles of Win98. +\item Windows XP, which comes with Personal and Pro flavors. This is + the last step in merging both lines of products (Win9x based and NT + based). XP is written on an NT basis. +\end{itemize} + +Win9x are able to run 32~bits programs and 16~bits programs +concurrently. But the operating system by itself is not entirely +written in 32~bits mode, and does not support memory protection: 16bits +applications can overwrite parts of the operating system memory! Some +parts of the system like the GDI (Graphical Device Interface) manage +limited resources like bitmaps, fonts, pens and so on for the set of +all programs that run concurrently. All the bitmaps headers available +at the same time can't amount for more than 64kb. This explains the +performance tool and the fact that you can put your system on his +knees by making intensive use of graphic objects for example. + +NT, 2K and XP do not suffer from these limitations, and neither from +other Win9x limitations. They are true multitasking environments, with +protected memory. They are much more responsive than Win9x because +of better memory management, better file system and so on. + +\subsubsection{Command line prompt} + +You will wonder: ``why would I need to use a command line prompt when +I have Windows?''. + +Good question. The problem is of very general nature. Not all +operations can be done easily using only a GUI. Command line gives you +programming power -- assuming a clever command interpreter. + +But the problem here is more fundamental: \TeX{} is \emph{a batch} +tool. Not an interactive one. \TeX{} needs to compute the best +layout for each page, resolve cross-references and so on. This can be +done only by a global processing of the document. It is not (yet) a +task that can be done interactively. + +This means that you should use \TeX{} from a command line. In fact the +situation is not so bad. There is an advantage to write command line +tools for complex processing: they are better debugged, because not +tied to GUI problems, and GUI tools can be designed to interface the +command line tools. This is the case for \TeX{} where you will +interact with it most of the time through a GUI text editor -- see +section~\ref{sec:winshell} for example. + +However, you may need to use the command line prompt in a number of +situations, by example in case of problems and you want to debug your +setup -- see + section~\ref{sec:troubleshooting}. + + \begin{description} + \item[Win9x] You will open a command line prompt by looking either + for the MS-DOS icon in the ``Start->Programs'' menu, either by + choosing ``Start->Run'' menu and typing in \path|command.com| + \item[NT, 2K, XP] You will open a command line prompt by looking + for the ``Command Prompt'' in the ``Start->Accessories'' + menu\footnote{These locations may change across different OS + versions.}. You can also choose the ``Start->Run'' menu and type + in \path|cmd.exe|, which is the name of the brand new command + interpreter for NT\footnote{Which explains why it is untrue to + call this a \emph{DOS} box under NT!}. +\end{description} + +\subsubsection{Path separators} + +The Win32 API understands both \path|/| and \path|\| characters as +PATH separators. But the command interpreters do not! So whenever a +path name is used programmatically, you can use both separators, and +even mix them up in the same path name. But on the command line, you +must type \path|\| as path separator. The reason is compatibility: +the command processor used the \path|/| to introduce arguments to +commands. + +All this to say: do not be surprised to read path names written using +the Unix convention; \fpTeX{} is a port of \Webc, and aims to be compatible +across platforms. For this reason, all the configuration files that +need to specify path names use the Unix convention. + +\subsubsection{File systems} +\label{sec:clusters} + +The worse feature of Win9x with regard to \TeX{} is probably the +so-called FAT file system. \TeX{} uses many many small files, with +size around 1kb -- 3kb. The FAT file system is old, and predates by +far the multi-gigabytes hard disks we have today. It means it can't +manage efficiently the 30000 \TeX{} files found on the \CD{}. The FAT +file system will allocate a minimum of 32kb for \emph{any} file on a +huge partition. It means that \TeX{} will use much more disk space +than it actually needs. + +The other, more modern, file systems available -- namely FAT32 and +NTFS -- do not have this drawback. They manage clusters of 4kb +only\footnote{You can lower the limit to 512 bytes on NTFS}. + +\subsubsection{How to add some directory to your PATH} + +There are pairs of variables and values which behave much like global +variables inside your programs. The set of those variables is called the +environment. Each program is initialized with a copy of the +environment when it is run. It can request and change the +value of any variable. The changes happen in the copy of the +environment, and is not at all propagated to the other running +programs. + +Your PATH is a special environment variable used to search for +programs you want to run. +There is a different procedure to change it for Win9x, WinME and NT/2K/XP: + +\begin{description} +\item[Windows 95/98] Edit your \path|autoexec.bat|. In this file should be a line + starting with \texttt{PATH=} and followed by a list of directories separated + by \path|;|. Please add the directory with the executables in this line. + After this, this line could look as follows: +\begin{verbatim} +PATH=c:\windows;c:\windows\system;c:\"Program Files"\TeXLive\bin\win32 +\end{verbatim} +\item[Windows ME] You need to run the special program + \path|c:\windows\system\msconfig.exe| to be able to change any + environment variable. From this program, select the `Environment' + tab, and then add or modify the variable you want. You will be asked to reboot the + machine upon any change. +\item[Windows NT/2K/XP] + Click left on \texttt{Start --> Settings --> Control Panel}. Now the window + with the control panel icons opens. Double click on System. The + System Properties window opens. Click on the tab + \textsf{Environment} or look for a button named `Environment + Variables' among the dialog boxes. Now + you can change the environment variables for your user account. Note: + There are also displayed the environment settings for the system. + Normally, you can't change the system variables unless you have + administrator rights on your machine. If you want to change the \texttt{PATH} + for all users, you will have to contact your system administrator or + be the system administrator yourself--in the later case you should + know what you are doing. + + If there is already a \texttt{PATH} setting for your user account, + left click on \texttt{PATH}. In the field \textsf{Variable} appears + \texttt{PATH} while the field Value shows the current setting of + \texttt{PATH} as a list of directories separated by \path|;|. Add + the directory where the executables are located (e.g. + \path|c:\Program Files\TeXLive\bin\win32|). If there isn't a \texttt{PATH} variable + for your user account, simply click in the field Variable and type + in \texttt{PATH}, click in the field \textsf{Value} + and type in the directory with the executables. Important: Click on + the \textsf{Apply} button before clicking \textsf{Ok}, otherwise the + changes to \texttt{PATH} won't apply to your system. Be careful when + changing the environment settings. +\end{description} + +The best way to be sure that a variable has been properly set is to +open a console and type: +\begin{verbatim} +set VARIABLE +\end{verbatim} +which should return the corresponding value. + +\subsubsection{\TeX{} engines} + +If you have a look at the \Webc{} documentation, you will read that all +the various \TeX{} derived programs use the same base engine. For +example, \path|tex.exe| and \path|latex.exe| are exact copies of the +same program, but each one will use a different format file, based on +its calling name. + +Under Unix, this feature is implemented through \emph{symbolic + links}. It saves up a bit of disk space, because some engines are +used with many different format files. + +The Win32 API does not know about file links. So to save up almost +the same amount of memory, all the \TeX{} base engines have been put +in DLLs (\emph{Dynamic Linked Library}). This means that you will have +the following layout: +\begin{alltt} +13/05/2002 17:06 3 584 latex.exe +13/05/2002 17:06 266 240 tex.dll +13/05/2002 17:06 3 584 tex.exe +\end{alltt} +and the \path|latex.exe| file is nothing but a rough copy of +\path|tex.exe| using the same core \path|tex.dll|. +The same trick has been used for the \path|mktex*.exe| family of programs which are +linked to the \path|mktex.dll| library. + +In fact, a generic tool called \path|lnexe.exe| is provided to build the +equivalent of Unix hard links for executable files only under Win32. + +\subsection{In case of problems} +\label{sec:troubleshooting} + +\subsubsection{What to do if \texttt{latex} does not + find your files?} + +\begin{itemize} +\item \cmdname{kpsewhich} is the tool of choice to debug any +problem. Unfortunately, kpsewhich outputs debug information to +stderr, and the Windows console does not know how to redirect stderr +to a file\footnote{Well, NT and Win2k consoles know how to do + that. But the trick will work for any console.}. +For diagnostic purposes you can temporarily set an +environment variable (in DOS box): +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=err.log +\end{verbatim} +You can also set the debug level: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG=-1 +\end{verbatim} + +If you want to redirect stderr to stdout, which is not possible under +either W9x or NT/2K/XP, then just do: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=con: +\end{verbatim} +This way you can capture both stdout and stderr in the same file. + +\item Assuming the installation has been done in \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive|, check + the following values: \\ + {\small + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $SELFAUTOPARENT| & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMF| & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMFCNF| & + \path|.;c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/web2c;| \\ + & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/bin/win32;| \\ + & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/bin;| \\ + & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-var $TEXINPUTS| & \path|.;c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/tex//| + \end{tabular} +} +\item If you have other \TeX{}-related values already set in your + environment, please, remove them. They are overriding the ones in + texmf.cnf. +\item Check the values from:\\ +{\small + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \texttt{kpsewhich cmr10.tfm} & \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm|\\ + \texttt{kpsewhich latex.fmt}& \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf/web2c/latex.fmt| + \end{tabular} +} +\item At this point, if everything is correct, \path|tex.exe| and + co. should work. If it is not the case, you will need to play with + the \path|-debug=n| option from \path|kpsewhich|, and check back all + the values. Try to identify and report the problem. +\end{itemize} + +\subsubsection{What to do if your setup still does not work as expected?} + +There are several questions to ask about: +\begin{enumerate} +\item Is \file{tex.exe} on my \path|PATH|? +\item Is the \path|TEXMFCNF| variable correctly set to + \path|c:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf-var/web2c| (default value)? +\item Are there any errors in the log file generated by the + \file{TeXSetup.exe} program? Errors are flagged with the sequence + \path|Error|. +% \item If everything seems correct up there, then you need to read the +% documentation in \path|texmf/doc/fptex/fptex.pdf| or +% \path|texmf/doc/html/fptex/fptex.html| for a more detailed procedure +% (available on your hard disk or on the \CD{}). +\item One can also go to \url{http://www.tug.org/tex-live.html} and + check for any bug fix. +\item The Windows distribution on the \CD{} is no more no less than + the \fpTeX{} distribution, so you can also go to the Web pages at + \url{http://www.fptex.org}, or consider subscribing to the \fpTeX{} + mailing-list by consulting + \url{http://www.tug.org/mailman/listinfo/fptex} . +\end{enumerate} + + +The \TeXLive{} software is complex and made of more than 250 programs +and around 40000 files from various sources. It is quite difficult to +predict all possible causes for problems. Nevertheless, we will do our +best to help you in every case. + + +\subsection{Compiling the source files} + +You have the whole set of source files, comprised for +Windows in the \path|source/source.tar.bz2| archive available on the +\CD{}. To be able to compile the whole distribution for Windows, you +will need: +\begin{itemize} +\item Windows 2K/XP +\item Microsoft Visual Studio .Net +\item a set of Unix tools (\texttt{sed}, + \texttt{grep}, \texttt{gawk}, etc.) and also Perl, Flex and Bison, +\item to adjust the paths in the + \path|win32/make/common.mak| file according to your installation +\item adjust the paths in the Perl script file + \path|win32/perl/build.pl|, +\item run the compilation from the \path|win32/| directory using this + command: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\texlive\source\win32>perl ./perl/build.pl --install --log=install.log +\end{verbatim} +\end{itemize} + +There is a lot of work to do to make this process easier and cleaner. + +\subsection{Where to get more information?} + +The Win32 \TeX{} distribution on the \CD{} is also known as +\fpTeX. Only the packaging differs, but \fpTeX{} is no more no less +than the current \TeXLive\ release for Windows. + +The \fpTeX home on the Web is at:\\ +\url{http://www.fptex.org/} + +The current \fpTeX release is available from any +\href{http://www.ctan.org}{CTAN} %(see also the section +%\ref{sec:ctan}) +site in the directory~:\\ +\noindent\url{ftp://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/systems/win32/fptex/}. + +The main ftp site for \fpTeX\ is \url{ftp://ftp.dante.de/pub/fptex/} from +where beta versions of \fpTeX\ and additionnal tools are available. +This main site is (partially) mirrored daily by the CTAN backbones in their +\path|systems/win32/fptex| directory. + +% You can reach me at my email address: +% \url{mailto:Fabrice.Popineau@supelec.fr}. + +The \TeX{} Users Group is kindly hosting a mailing-list dedicated to +\fpTeX. This is a very low volume one. It is used for announcements, +bugs reports or as well to discuss about improvements or various users +problems. To subscribe, read the page at +\url{http://www.tug.org/mailman/listinfo/fptex}. The mailing list +address is \EmailURL{fptex@tug.org}. + +\section{Building on a new Unix platform} +If you have a platform for which we have not provided binary sources, +you will need to compile \TeX{} and friends from scratch. This is not +as hard as it sounds. What you need is all in the directory +\texttt{source} on the \CD{}. + +You should first install the support tree from the \TeXLive{} \CD{} (do +a basic install, with no system binaries chosen). + +\subsection{Prerequisites} +You will need about 100 megabytes of disk space to compile all of +\TeX{} and its support programs. You'll also need an \acro{ANSI} C +compiler, a \cmdname{make} utility, a lexical scanner, and a parser +generator. The \acro{GNU} utilities (\cmdname{gcc}, \acro{GNU} +\cmdname{make}, \cmdname{m4}, \cmdname{flex}, \cmdname{bison}) are the +most widely tested on different platforms. \cmdname{gcc}-2.7.* +\cmdname{flex}-2.4.7 and \acro{GNU}\,\cmdname{make}-3.72.1 or newer +should work well. You may be able to work with other C compilers and +\cmdname{make} programs, but you will need a good understanding of +building Unix programs to sort out problems. The command +\texttt{uname} must return a sensible value. + + + +\subsection{Configuration} +First, unpack the source from the compressed +\texttt{tar} file in the directory \dirname{source} to your disk and change +directory to where you placed it. Decide where the `root' of the +installation will be, e.g.\ \path|/usr/local| or +\path|/usr/local/TeX|. Obviously you should use the same location +that you specified when you installed the support tree. + +Now, start the build process by running \textsf{configure} with +a command-line like +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{./configure -prefix=/usr/local/TeX} +\end{alltt} + +The `prefix' directory is the one where you installed the support +tree; the directory layout that will be used is as follows (where +\$TEXDIR stands for the directory you chose): + +\noindent +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll@{}} + \dirname{$TEXDIR/man} & Unix manual pages\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/share/texmf} & main tree with fonts,\\ + & \qquad macros, etc\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/info} & \acro{GNU} style info manuals\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin/$PLATFORM} & binaries\\ +\end{tabular} +%$ + +You can omit the use of `\dirname{share/}' part for the +\dirname{texmf} directory if you want, as +\dirname{$TEXDIR/share/texmf} and \dirname{$TEXDIR/texmf} are +auto-detected by configure. If you choose something different, you +have to specify that directory with the \verb|--datadir| option of +\textsf{configure}. + + +If you want to leave out the \dirname{$PLATFORM} directory level +(i.e.\ put the binaries directly into \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin}), specify +the \verb|--disable-multiplatform| option for \textsf{configure}. + + +Have a look at the output of \texttt{./configure --help} for more +options you can use (such as omitting optional packages such as \OMEGA\ +or \eTeX). + +\subsection{Running \textsf{make}} +Make sure the shell variable \texttt{noclobber} is not set, and +then type +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{make world} +\end{alltt} +and relax\ldots. + +It could also be useful to log all the output, e.g.\ by +typing +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{sh -c "make world >world.log 2>\&1" \&} +\end{alltt} +Before you think that everything is ok, please check the log file for +errors (\acro{GNU} \cmdname{make} always uses the string +``\texttt{Error:}'' whenever a command returns an error code) and +check if all binaries are built: +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{cd /usr/local/TeX/bin/i686-pc-linux-gnu} +>> \Ucom{ls | wc} +\end{alltt} +The result should be 209. + +If you need special privileges for \texttt{make install}, you can +run two \cmdname{make} jobs in separate runs: +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{make all} +>> \Ucom{su} +>> \Ucom{make install strip} +\end{alltt} + +\subsection{Final configuration steps} +Set up your \envname{PATH} to include the directory containing the +just-installed binaries (e.g.\ +\dirname{/usr/local/TeX/bin/mips-sgi-irix6.5}); similarly, +\envname{MANPATH} and \envname{INFOPATH} to include the relevant newly +installed subdirectories, i.e.\ \dirname{$TEXDIR/man} and +\dirname{$TEXDIR/info}. + +The program \textsf{texconfig} allows you to set the defaults for +hyphenation, paper size, print command, \MF{} mode, etc. You can +run this command interactively and see what options it offers, or type +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{texconfig help} +\end{alltt} + +For example, if you are not using A4 format paper, you can make +`lettersize' the default using: +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{texconfig dvips paper letter} +>> \Ucom{texconfig xdvi paper us} +\end{alltt} + +\section{A user's guide to the \protect\Webc{} system} + +%-------------------------------------------------------- + +\Webc{} contains a set of \TeX-related programs, i.e., \TeX{} itself, +\MF{}, \MP, \BibTeX{}, etc. The original implementation was by Tomas +Rokicki who, in 1987, developed a first \TeX{}-to-C system adapting +change files under Unix, which were primarily the work of Howard +Trickey and Pavel Curtis. Tim Morgan became the maintainer of the +system, and during this period the name changed to Web-to-C\@. In +1990, Karl Berry took over the work, assisted by dozens of additional +contributors, and in 1997 he handed the baton to Olaf Weber. The +latest result is \Webc{} Version 7.3, which was released in March +1999. Our version has some updates for the forthcoming new release, +and identifies itself as 7.3.7 + +The \Webc{} 7.3 system runs on Unix, Windows 3.1, 9x/ME/\acro{NT}/\acro{2K}/\acro{XP}, +\acro{DOS}, and other operating systems. It uses Knuth's +original sources for \TeX{} and other basic programs written in \web{} +and translates them into C source code. Moreover, the system offers a +large set of macros and functions developed to augment the original +\TeX{} software. The core \TeX{} family components are: + +\begin{description} +\renewcommand{\makelabel}[1]{\descriptionlabel{\mdseries\cmdname{#1}}} +\item[bibtex] Maintaining bibliographies. +\item[dmp] \cmdname{troff} to MPX (\MP{} pictures). +\item[dvicopy] Produces modified copy of \dvi{} file. +\item[dvitomp] \dvi{} to MPX (MetaPost pictures). +\item[dvitype] \dvi{} to human-readable text. +\item[gftodvi] Generic font proofsheets. +\item[gftopk] Generic to packed fonts. +\item[gftype] GF to human-readable text. +\item[makempx] \MP{} label typesetting. +\item[mf] Creating typeface families. +\item[mft] Prettyprinting \MF{} source. +\item[mpost] Creating technical diagrams. +\item[mpto] MetaPost label extraction. +\item[newer] Compare modification times. +\item[patgen] Creating hyphenation patterns. +\item[pktogf] Packed to generic fonts. +\item[pktype] PK to human-readable text. +\item[pltotf] Property list to TFM. +\item[pooltype] Display \web{} pool files. +\item[tangle] \web{} to Pascal. +\item[tex] Typesetting. +\item[tftopl] TFM to property list. +\item[vftovp] Virtual font to virtual property list +\item[vptovf] Virtual property list to virtual font. +\item[weave] \web{} to \TeX. +\end{description} +\noindent The precise functions and syntax of these programs are described in +the documentation of the individual packages or of \Webc{} itself. +However, knowing a few principles governing the whole family of +programs will help you to benefit optimally from your \Webc{} +installation. + +All programs honor the standard \acro{GNU} options: +\begin{description} +\item[\texttt{-{}-help\ \ \ }] print basic usage summary. +\item[\texttt{-{}-verbose}] print detailed progress report. +\item[\texttt{-{}-version}] print version information, then exit. +\end{description} + +For locating files the \Webc{} programs use the path searching library +\KPS{}. This library uses a combination of environment variables and a +few configuration files to optimize searching the \TeX{} directory +tree. \Webc{} can handle more than one directory tree +simultaneously, which is useful if one wants to maintain \TeX's +standard distribution and local extensions in two distinct trees. To +speed up file searches the root of each tree has a file \file{ls-R}, +containing an entry showing the name and relative pathname for all +files ``hanging'' under that root. + +\subsection{\protect\KPS\ path searching} + +Let us first describe the generic path searching mechanism of the \KPS{} +library. + +We call a \emph{search path} a colon- or semicolon\hyph sepa\-rated list +of \emph{path elements}, which are basically directory names. A +search path can come from (a combination of) many sources. To look up +a file \samp{my-file} along a path \samp{.:/dir}, \KPS{} checks each +element of the path in turn: first \file{./my-file}, then +\file{/dir/my-file}, returning the first match (or possibly all +matches). + +In order to adapt optimally to all operating systems' conventions, on +non-Unix systems \KPS{} can use filename separators different from +``colon'' (\samp{:}) and ``slash'' (\samp{/}). + +To check a particular path element \var{p}, \KPS{} first checks if a +prebuilt database (see ``Filename data\-base'' on +page~\pageref{Filename-database}) applies to \var{p}, i.e., if the database +is in a directory that is a prefix of \var{p}. If so, the path +specification is matched against the contents of the database. + +If the database does not exist, or does not apply to this path +element, or contains no matches, the filesystem is searched (if this +was not forbidden by a specification starting with \samp{!!}\ and if +the file being searched for must exist). \KPS{} constructs the list +of directories that correspond to this path element, and then checks +in each for the file being sought. + +The ``file must exist'' condition comes into play with \samp{.vf} files and +input files read by \TeX's \cs{openin} command. Such files may not +exist (e.g., \file{cmr10.vf}), and so it would be wrong to search the +disk for them. Therefore, if you fail to update \file{ls-R} when you +install a new \samp{.vf} file, it will never be found. +Each path element is checked in turn: first the database, then the +disk. If a match is found, the search stops and the result is +returned. + +Although the simplest and most common path element is a directory +name, \KPS{} supports additional features in search paths: layered +default values, environment variable names, config file values, users' +home directories, and recursive subdirectory searching. Thus, we say +that \KPS{} \emph{expands} a path element, meaning it transforms all +the specifications into basic directory name or names. This is +described in the following sections in the same order as it takes +place. + +Note that if the filename being searched for is absolute or explicitly +relative, i.e., starts with \samp{/} or \samp{./} or \samp{../}, +\KPS{} simply checks if that file exists. + +\ifSingleColumn +\else +\begin{figure*} +\verbatiminput{../examples/ex5.tex} +\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{0pt} + \caption{An illustrative configuration file sample} + \label{fig:config-sample} +\end{figure*} +\fi + +\subsubsection{Path sources} +\label{Path-sources} + +A search path can come from many sources. In the order in which +\KPS{} uses them: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item + A user-set environment variable, for instance, \envname{TEXINPUTS}\@. + Environment variables with a period and a program name appended + override; e.g., if \samp{latex} is the name of the program being run, + then \envname{TEXINPUTS.latex} will override \envname{TEXINPUTS}. +\item + A program-specific configuration file, for exam\-ple, a line + ``\texttt{S /a:/b}'' in \cmdname{dvips}'s \file{config.ps}. +\item A \KPS{} configuration file \file{texmf.cnf}, containing a line like + \samp{TEXINPUTS=/c:/d} (see below). +\item The compile-time default. +\end{enumerate} +\noindent You can see each of these values for a given +search path by using the debugging options (see ``Debugging actions'' +on page~\pageref{Debugging}). + +\subsubsection{Config files} + +\tolerance=3500 +\KPS{} reads \emph{runtime configuration files} named \file{texmf.cnf} +for search path and other definitions. The search path used to look +for these files is named \envname{TEXMFCNF} (by default such a file lives +in the \file{texmf/web2c} subdirectory). \emph{All} +\file{texmf.cnf} files in the search path will be read and definitions +in earlier files override those in later files. Thus, with a search +path of \verb|.:$TEXMF|, values from \file{./texmf.cnf} override those +from \verb|$TEXMF/texmf.cnf|. + +\tolerance=1500 + +While reading the description of the format of the file +\file{texmf.cnf} below, please also refer to +appendix~\ref{app:texmf.cnf}, starting on +page~\pageref{app:texmf.cnf}, which lists the \file{texmf.cnf} file on +the \CD. + +\begin{itemize} +\item + Comments start with ``\texttt{\%}'' and continue to the end of the line. +\item + Blank lines are ignored. +\item + A \bs{} at the end of a line acts as a continuation character, + i.e., the next line is appended. Whitespace at the beginning of + continuation lines is not ignored. +\item + Each remaining line has the form: +\begin{alltt} + \emph{variable}[.\emph{progname}] [=] \emph{value} +\end{alltt}% + where the \samp{=} and surrounding whitespace are optional. +\item + The ``\texttt{\var{variable}}'' name may contain any character other + than whitespace, \samp{=}, or \samp{.}, but sticking to + \samp{A-Za-z\_} is safest. +\item + If ``\texttt{.\var{progname}}'' is present, the definition only + applies if the program that is running is named + \texttt{\var{progname}} or \texttt{\var{progname}.exe}. This allows + different flavors of \TeX{} to have different search paths, for + example. +\item ``\texttt{\var{value}}'' may contain any characters except + ``\texttt{\%}'' and \samp{@}. The + ``\texttt{\$\var{var}.\var{prog}}'' feature is not available on the + right-hand side; instead, you must use an additional variable. A + \samp{;}\ in ``\texttt{\var{value}}'' is translated to \samp{:}\ if + running under Unix; this is useful to be able to have a single + \file{texmf.cnf} for Unix, MSDOS and Windows systems. +\item + All definitions are read before anything is expanded, so + variables can be referenced before they are defined. +\end{itemize} +A configuration file fragment illustrating most of these points is +\ifSingleColumn +shown below: + +\verbatiminput{../examples/ex5.tex} +\else +shown in Figure~\ref{fig:config-sample}. +\fi + +\subsubsection{Path expansion} +\label{Path-expansion} + + +\KPS{} recognizes certain special characters and constructions in +search paths, similar to those available in Unix shells. As a +general example, the complex path, +\verb+~$USER/{foo,bar}//baz+, expands to all subdirectories under +directories \file{foo} and \file{bar} in \texttt{\$USER}'s home +directory that contain a directory or file \file{baz}. These +expansions are explained in the sections below. +%$ +\subsubsection{Default expansion} +\label{Default-expansion} + +\tolerance=2500 +If the highest-priority search path (see ``Path sources'' on +page~\pageref{Path-sources}) contains an \emph{extra colon} (i.e., +leading, trailing, or doubled), \KPS{} inserts at that point the +next-highest-prio\-rity search path that is defined. If that inserted +path has an extra colon, the same happens with the next highest. For +example, given an environment variable setting + +\tolerance=1500 + +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{setenv TEXINPUTS /home/karl:} +\end{alltt} +and a \code{TEXINPUTS} value from \file{texmf.cnf} of + +\begin{alltt} + .:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} +then the final value used for searching will be: + +\begin{alltt} + /home/karl:.:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} + +Since it would be useless to insert the default value in more than one +place, \KPS{} changes only one extra \samp{:}\ and leaves any others in +place: it checks first for a leading \samp{:}, then a trailing +\samp{:}, then a doubled \samp{:}. + +\subsubsection{Brace expansion} + +A useful feature is brace expansion, which means that, for instance, +\verb+v{a,b}w+ expands to \verb+vaw:vbw+. Nesting is allowed. +This can be used to implement multiple \TeX{} hierarchies, by +assigning a brace list to \code{\$TEXMF}. +For example, in \file{texmf.cnf}, you find +the following definition: +\begin{verbatim} + TEXMF = {$HOMETEXMF,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$VARTEXMF,!!$TEXMFMAIN} +\end{verbatim} +Using this you can then write something like +\begin{verbatim} + TEXINPUTS = .;$TEXMF/tex// +\end{verbatim} +%$ +which means that, after looking in the current directory, the +\code{\$HOMETEXMF/tex}, \code{\$TEXMFLOCAL/tex}, \code{\$VARTEXMF/tex} +and \code{\$TEXMFMAIN/tex} trees \emph{only}) will be searched (the +last two use using \file{ls-R} data base files). It is a convenient +way for running two parallel \TeX{} structures, one ``frozen'' (on a +\CD, for instance) and the other being continuously updated with new +versions as they become available. By using the \code{\$TEXMF} +variable in all definitions, one is sure to always search the +up-to-date tree first. + +\subsubsection{Subdirectory expansion} +\label{Subdirectory-expansion} + +Two or more consecutive slashes in a path element following a directory +\var{d} is replaced by all subdirectories of \var{d}: first those +subdirectories directly under \var{d}, then the subsubdirectories under +those, and so on. At each level, the order in which the directories are +searched is \emph{unspecified}. + +If you specify any filename components after the \samp{//}, only +subdirectories with matching components are included. For example, +\samp{/a//b} expands into directories \file{/a/1/b}, \file{/a/2/b}, +\file{/a/1/1/b}, and so on, but not \file{/a/b/c} or \file{/a/1}. + +Multiple \samp{//} constructs in a path are possible, but +\samp{//} at the beginning of a path is ignored. + +\subsubsection{List of special characters and their meaning: a summary} + +The following list summarises the meaning of special characters +in \KPS{} configuration files. + +\newcommand{\CODE}[1]{\makebox[2.2em][l]{\code{#1}}} +\begin{description} +\item[\CODE{:}] Separator in path specification; at the beginning or + the end of a path it substitutes the default path expansion. +\item[\CODE{;}] Separator on non-Unix systems (acts like \code{:}). +\item[\CODE{\$}] Variable expansion. +\item[\CODE{\string~}] Represents the user's home directory. +\item[\CODE{\char`\{\dots\char`\}}] Brace expansion, e.g., + \verb+a{1,2}b+ will become \verb+a1b:a2b+. +\item[\CODE{//}] Subdirectory expansion (can occur anywhere in + a path, except at its beginning). +\item[\CODE{\%}] Start of comment. +\item[\CODE{\bs}] Continuation character (allows multi-line entries). +\item[\CODE{!!}] Search \emph{only} database to locate file, \emph{do + not} search the disk. +\end{description} + + +\subsection{Filename databases} +\label{Filename-database} + + +\KPS{} goes to some lengths to minimize disk accesses for searches. +Nevertheless, at installations with enough directories, searching each +possible directory for a given file can take an excessively long time +(this is especially true if many hundreds of font directories have to +be traversed.) Therefore, \KPS{} can use an externally-built +``database'' file named \file{ls-R} that maps files to directories, +thus avoiding the need to exhaustively search the disk. + +A second database file \file{aliases} allows you to give additional +names to the files listed in \file{ls-R}. This can be helpful to +adapt to DOS-like ``8.3'' filename conventions in source files. + +\subsubsection{The filename database} +\label{ls-R} + +As explained above, the name of the main filename database must be +\file{ls-R}. You can put one at the root of each \TeX{} hierarchy in +your installation that you wish to be searched (\code{\$TEXMF} by +default); most sites have only one hierarchy. \KPS{} looks for +\file{ls-R} files along the \code{TEXMFDBS} path. + +The recommended way to create and maintain \samp{ls-R} is to run the +\code{mktexlsr} script included with the distribution. It is invoked +by the various \samp{mktex}\dots\ scripts. In principle, this script +just runs the command +\begin{alltt} +cd \var{/your/texmf/root} && ls -LAR ./ >ls-R +\end{alltt} +presuming your system's \code{ls} produces the right output format +(\acro{GNU}'s \code{ls} is all right). To ensure that the database is always +up to date, it is easiest to rebuild it regularly via \code{cron}, so +that for changes in the installed files\Dash perhaps after installing or +updating a \LaTeX{} package\Dash the file \file{ls-R} is automatically +updated. + +If a file is not found in the database, by default \KPS{} goes ahead +and searches the disk. If a particular path element begins with +\samp{!!}, however, \emph{only} the database will be searched for that +element, never the disk. + + +\subsubsection{kpsewhich: Standalone path searching} +\label{Invoking-kpsewhich} + +The \texttt{kpsewhich} program exercises path searching independent of any +particular application. This can be useful as a sort of \code{find} +program to locate files in \TeX{} hierarchies (this is used heavily in +the distributed \samp{mktex}\dots\ scripts). + +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich \var{option}\dots{} \var{filename}\dots{}} +\end{alltt} +The options specified in ``\texttt{\var{option}}'' can start with either \samp{-} +or \samp{-{}-}, and any unambiguous abbreviation is accepted. + +\KPS{} looks up each non-option argument on the command line as a +filename, and returns the first file found. There is no option to +return all the files with a particular name (you can run the Unix +\samp{find} utility for that). + +The more important options are described next. + +\begin{description} +\item[\texttt{-{}-dpi=\var{num}}]\mbox{} + Set the resolution to ``\texttt{\var{num}}''; this only affects \samp{gf} + and \samp{pk} lookups. \samp{-D} is a synonym, for compatibility + with \cmdname{dvips}. Default is 600. +\item[\texttt{-{}-format=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the format for lookup to ``\texttt{\var{name}}''. By default, the + format is guessed from the filename. For formats which do not have + an associated unambiguous suffix, such as \MP{} support files and + \cmdname{dvips} configuration files, you have to specify the name as + found in the first column of Table~\ref{TABKpathsea}, which lists + currently recognized names, a description, + associated environment variables%, + \footnote{You can find definitions for these environment variables + in the file \file{texmf.cnf} (page~\pageref{app:texmf.cnf})}, and + possible file extensions. +\end{description} + + +\def\KpathKey#1#2#3#4#5{% name, number, description, variables, + % suffixes +\SetRowColor#1 & #3 & #4 & #5\\} +\def\HEAD#1{\multicolumn{1}{l}{\emph{#1}}} +% +\begin{small} +% a footnoterule immediately under a bottom-of-page rule looks dead +% silly, so we suppress it +\renewcommand\footnoterule{\relax} +% +\begin{longtable}{@{}% + >{\ttfamily}P{.16\textwidth}% Col.1 + P{.3\textwidth}% Col 2 + >{\ttfamily\footnotesize}P{.29\textwidth}% Col 3 + >{\ttfamily}P{.14\textwidth}% Col 4 +@{}} +\caption{Kpathsea file types}\label{TABKpathsea}\\ +\emph{Name} & \HEAD{Description} & \HEAD{Variables} +& \HEAD{Suffixes}\\ +\hline +\endfirsthead +\multicolumn{3}{l}{Kpathsea file types \emph{continued}}\\ +\emph{Name} & \HEAD{Description} & \HEAD{Variables} +& \HEAD{Suffixes}\\ +\hline +\noalign{\vspace{2pt}} +\endhead +\mbox{}\\ +\hline +\endfoot +\KpathKey + {afm} + {4} + {Adobe font metrics} + {AFMFONTS} + {.afm} +\KpathKey + {base} + {5} + {Metafont memory dump} + {MFBASES, TEXMFINI} + {.base} +\KpathKey + {bib} + {6} + {\BibTeX{} bibliography source} + {BIBINPUTS, TEXBIB} + {.bib} +\KpathKey + {} + {2} + {bitmap fonts} + {GLYPHFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {bst} + {7} + {\BibTeX{} style files} + {BSTINPUTS} + {.bst} +\KpathKey + {cnf} + {8} + {Runtime configuration files} + {TEXMFCNF} + {.cnf} +\KpathKey + {dvips config} + {34} + {\textsf{dvips} configuration files, e.g., \file{config.ps} + and \file{psfonts.map}} + {TEXCONFIG} + {.map} +\KpathKey + {fmt} + {10} + {\TeX{} memory dump} + {TEXFORMATS, TEXMFINI} + {.fmt, .efmt, .efm} +\KpathKey + {gf} + {0} + {generic font bitmap} + {GFFONTS} + {.gf} +\KpathKey + {graphic/figure} + {25} + {Encapsulated PostScript figures} + {TEXPICTS, TEXINPUTS} + {.eps, .epsi} +\KpathKey + {ist} + {35} + {\textsf{makeindex} style files} + {TEXINDEXSTYLE, INDEXSTYLE} + {.ist} +\KpathKey + {ls-R} + {9} + {Filename databases} + {TEXMFDBS} + {} +\KpathKey + {map} + {11} + {Fontmaps} + {TEXFONTMAPS} + {.map} +\KpathKey + {mem} + {12} + {MetaPost memory dump} + {MPMEMS, TEXMFINI} + {.mem} +\KpathKey + {mf} + {13} + {Metafont source} + {MFINPUTS} + {.mf} +\KpathKey + {mfpool} + {14} + {Metafont program strings} + {MFPOOL, TEXMFINI} + {.pool} +\KpathKey + {mft} + {15} + {MFT style file} + {MFTINPUTS} + {.mft} +\KpathKey + {} + {41} + {miscellaneous fonts} + {MISCFONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {mp} + {16} + {MetaPost source} + {MPINPUTS} + {.mp} +\KpathKey + {mppool} + {17} + {MetaPost program strings} + {MPPOOL, TEXMFINI} + {.pool} +\KpathKey + {MetaPost support} + {18} + {MetaPost support files, used by DMP} + {MPSUPPORT} + {} +\KpathKey + {ocp} + {19} + {\OMEGA{} compiled process files} + {OCPINPUTS} + {.ocp} +\KpathKey + {ofm} + {20} + {\OMEGA{} font metrics} + {OFMFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.ofm, .tfm} +\KpathKey + {opl} + {21} + {\OMEGA{} property lists} + {OPLFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.opl} +\KpathKey + {otp} + {22} + {\OMEGA{} translation process files} + {OTPINPUTS} + {.otp} +\KpathKey + {ovf} + {23} + {\OMEGA{} virtual fonts} + {OVFFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.ovf} +\KpathKey + {ovp} + {24} + {\OMEGA{} virtual property lists} + {OVPFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.ovp} +\KpathKey + {pk} + {1} + {packed bitmap fonts} + {\emph{program}FONTS \textrm{(\texttt{\emph{program}} being + \textsmaller{\cmdname{XDVI}}, + etc.)}, PKFONTS, TEXPKS, GLYPHFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.pk} +\KpathKey + {PostScript header} + {30} + {downloadable PostScript} + {TEXPSHEADERS, PSHEADERS} + {.pro, .enc} +\KpathKey + {tex} + {26} + {\TeX{} source} + {TEXINPUTS} + {.tex, .cls, .sty, .clo, .def} +\KpathKey + {TeX system documentation} + {27} + {Documentation files for the \TeX{} system} + {TEXDOCS} + {} +\KpathKey + {TeX system sources} + {29} + {Source files for the \TeX{} system} + {TEXSOURCES} + {} +\KpathKey + {texpool} + {28} + {\TeX{} program strings} + {TEXPOOL, TEXMFINI} + {.pool} +\KpathKey + {tfm} + {3} + {\TeX{} font metrics} + {TFMFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.tfm} +\KpathKey + {Troff fonts} + {31} + {Troff fonts, used by DMP} + {TRFONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {truetype fonts} + {36} + {TrueType outline fonts} + {TTFONTS} + {.ttf, .ttc} +\KpathKey + {type1 fonts} + {32} + {Type 1 PostScript outline fonts} + {T1FONTS, T1INPUTS, TEXPSHEADERS, DVIPSHEADERS} + {.pfa, .pfb} +\KpathKey + {type42 fonts} + {37} + {Type 42 PostScript outline fonts} + {T42FONTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {vf} + {33} + {virtual fonts} + {VFFONTS, TEXFONTS} + {.vf} +\KpathKey + {web2c files} + {38} + {\Webc{} support files} + {WEB2C} + {} +\KpathKey + {other text files} + {39} + {text files used by `\textsf{foo}'} + {FOOINPUTS} + {} +\KpathKey + {other binary files} + {40} + {binary files used by `\textsf{foo}'} + {FOOINPUTS} + {} +\end{longtable} +\end{small} + + +\begin{multicols}{2} + +\begin{description} +\item[] The last two entries in Table~\ref{TABKpathsea} are special + cases, where the paths and environment variables depend on the name + of the program: the variable name is constructed by converting the + program name to upper case, and then appending \texttt{INPUTS}. + + The environment variables are set by default in the configuration + file \file{texmf.cnf}. It is only when you want to override one or + more of the values specified in that file that you might want to set + them explicitly in your execution environment. + + Note that the \samp{-{}-format} and \samp{-{}-path} options are mutually + exclusive. +\item[\texttt{-{}-mode=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the mode name to ``\texttt{\var{string}}''; this only affects \samp{gf} + and \samp{pk} lookups. No default: any mode will be found. +\item[\texttt{-{}-must-exist}]\mbox{}\\ + Do everything possible to find the files, notably including + searching the disk. By default, only the \file{ls-R} database is + checked, in the interest of efficiency. +\item[\texttt{-{}-path=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Search along the path ``\texttt{\var{string}}'' (colon-% + separated as usual), + instead of guessing the search path from the filename. \samp{//} + and all the usual expansions are supported. + The options \samp{-{}-path} and \samp{-{}-format} are mutually + exclusive. +\item[\texttt{-{}-progname=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the program name to ``\texttt{\var{name}}''. + This can affect the search paths via the ``\texttt{.\var{prognam}}'' + feature in configuration files. + The default is \samp{kpsewhich}. +\item[\texttt{-{}-show-path=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + shows the path used for file lookups of file type ``\texttt{\var{name}}''. + Either a filename extension (\samp{.pk}, \samp{.vf}, etc.) or a + name can be used, just as with \samp{-{}-format} option. +\item[\texttt{-{}-debug=\var{num}}]\mbox{}\\ + sets the debugging options to ``\texttt{\var{num}}''. +\end{description} + + +\subsubsection{Examples of use} +\label{SExamplesofuse} + +Let us now have a look at \KPS{} in action. + +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich article.cls} +/usr/local/texmf/tex/latex/base/article.cls +\end{alltt} +We are looking for the file \file{article.cls}. Since the \samp{.cls} +suffix is unambiguous we do not need to specify that we want to look for a +file of type ``tex'' (\TeX{} source file directories). We find it in +the subdirectory \file{tex/latex/base} below the \samp{TEXMF} root +directory. Similarly, all of the following are found without problems +thanks to their unambiguous suffix. +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich array.sty} + /usr/local/texmf/tex/latex/tools/array.sty +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich latin1.def} + /usr/local/texmf/tex/latex/base/latin1.def +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich size10.clo} + /usr/local/texmf/tex/latex/base/size10.clo +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich small2e.tex} + /usr/local/texmf/tex/latex/base/small2e.tex +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich tugboat.bib} + /usr/local/texmf/bibtex/bib/beebe/tugboat.bib +\end{alltt} + +The latter is a \BibTeX{} bibliography database for \textsl{TUGBoat} articles. + +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich cmr10.pk} +\end{alltt} +Font bitmap glyph files of type \file{.pk} are used by display +programs like \cmdname{dvips} and \cmdname{xdvi}. Nothing is returned in +this case since there are no pre-generated Computer Modern \samp{.pk} +files on our system (since we use the Type1 versions on the \CD{}). +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich ecrm1000.pk} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf/fonts/pk/ljfour/jknappen/ec/ecrm1000.600pk +\else +/usr/local/texmf/fonts/pk/ljfour/jknappen/ +... ec/ecrm1000.600pk +\fi\end{alltt} +For the extended Computer Modern files we had to generate \samp{.pk} +files, and since the default \MF{} mode on our installation is +\texttt{ljfour} with a base resolution of 600 dpi (dots per inch), +this instantiation is returned. +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich -dpi=300 ecrm1000.pk} +\end{alltt} +In this case, when specifying that we are interested in a resolution +of 300dpi (\texttt{-dpi=300}) we see that no such font is available on +the system. In fact, a program like \cmdname{dvips} or \cmdname{xdvi} would +go off and actually build the \texttt{.pk} files at the required +resolution using the script \cmdname{mktexpk}. + +Next we turn our attention to \cmdname{dvips}'s header and configuration +files. We first look at one of the commonly used files, the general +prolog \file{tex.pro} for \TeX{} support, before turning our attention +to the generic configuration file (\file{config.ps}) and the +PostScript font map \file{psfonts.map}. As the \samp{.ps} suffix is +ambiguous we have to specify explicitly which type we are considering +(``\texttt{dvips config}'') for the file \texttt{config.ps}. +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich tex.pro} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/tex.pro +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.ps} + /usr/local/texmf/config/config.ps +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich psfonts.map} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/psfonts.map +\end{alltt} + +We now take a closer look at the URW Times PostScript support files. +The name for these in Berry's font naming scheme is ``\texttt{utm}''. +The first file we look at is the configuration file, which contains +the name of the map file: +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.utm} +/usr/local/texmf/dvips/psnfss/config.utm +\end{alltt} +The contents of that file is +\begin{alltt} + p +utm.map +\end{alltt} +which points to the file \file{utm.map}, which we want to +locate next. +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" utm.map} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/psnfss/utm.map +\end{alltt} +This map file defines the file names of the Type1 PostScript fonts in +the URW collection. Its contents look like (we only show part of the +lines): +\begin{alltt} + utmb8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb + utmbi8r NimbusRomNo9L-MediItal... <utmbi8a.pfb + utmr8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb + utmri8r NimbusRomNo9L-ReguItal... <utmri8a.pfb + utmbo8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb + utmro8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +\end{alltt} +Let us, for instance, take the Times Regular instance +\file{utmr8a.pfb} and find its position in the \file{texmf} directory +tree by using a search for Type1 font files: +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{kpsewhich utmr8a.pfb} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/urw/utm/utmr8a.pfb +\else /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/ +... urw/utm/utmr8a.pfb +\fi\end{alltt} + +It should be evident from these few examples how you can easily locate +the whereabouts of a given file. This is especially important if you +suspect that the wrong version of a file is picked up somehow, since +\cmdname{kpsewhich} will show you the first file encountered. + +\subsubsection{Debugging actions} +\label{Debugging} + +Sometimes it is necessary to investigate how a program resolves +file references. To make this feasible in a convenient way \KPS{} +offers various debug levels: +\begin{itemize} +\item[\texttt{\ 1}] \texttt{stat} calls (file tests). When running + with an up-to-date \file{ls-R} database this should almost give no + output. +\item[\texttt{\ 2}] References to hash tables (like \file{ls-R} + database, map files, configuration files). +\item[\texttt{\ 4}] File open and close operations. +\item[\texttt{\ 8}] General path information for file types + searched by \KPS. This is useful to find out where a particular + path for the file was defined. +\item[\texttt{16}] Directory list for each path element (only relevant + for searches on disk). +\item[\texttt{32}] File searches. +\end{itemize} +A value of \texttt{-1} will set all the above options; in practice you +will probably always use these levels if you need any debugging. + +Similarly, with the \cmdname{dvips} program, by setting a +combination of debug switches, one can follow in detail where files are being picked +up from. Alternatively, when a file is not found, the debug trace +shows in which directories the program looks for the given file, so +that one can get an indication what the problem~is. + +Generally speaking, as most programs call the \KPS{} library +internally, one can select a debug option by using the +\envname{KPATHSEA\_DEBUG} environment variable, and setting it to (a +combination of) values as described in the above list. + +(Note for Windows users: it is not easy to redirect +all messages to a file in this system. For diagnostic purposes +you can temporarily \texttt{SET KPATHSEA\_DEBUG\_OUTPUT=err.log}). + +Let us consider, as an example, a small \LaTeX{} source file, +\file{hello-world.tex}, which contains the following input. +\begin{verbatim} + \documentclass{article} + \begin{document} + Hello World! + \end{document} +\end{verbatim} +This little file only uses the font \file{cmr10}, so let us look +how \cmdname{dvips} prepares the PostScript file (we want to use the Type1 +version of the Computer Modern fonts, hence the option \texttt{-Pcms}). +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{dvips -d4100 hello-world -Pcms -o} +\end{alltt} +In this case we have combined \cmdname{dvips}'s debug class 4 (font +paths) with \KPS's path element expansion (see \cmdname{dvips} Reference +Manual, \OnCD{texmf/doc/html/dvips/dvips_toc.html}). +%\ifSingleColumn +%We get something +%like the following (we have rearranged the output for easier display): +%\begin{alltt}\small +%\input{../examples/ex6.tex} +%\end{alltt} +%\else +The output (slightly rearranged) appears in +Figure~\ref{fig:dvipsdbga}. +\begin{figure*}[tp] +\centering +\input{../examples/ex6a.tex} +\caption{Finding configuration files}\label{fig:dvipsdbga} + +\bigskip + +\input{../examples/ex6b.tex} +\caption{Finding the prolog file}\label{fig:dvipsdbgb} + +\bigskip + +\input{../examples/ex6c.tex} +\caption{Finding the font file}\label{fig:dvipsdbgc} +\end{figure*} +\cmdname{dvips} starts by locating its working files. First, +\file{texmf.cnf} is found, which gives the definitions of the search +paths for the other files, then the file database \file{ls-R} (to +optimize file searching) and the file \file{aliases}, which makes it +possible to declare several names (e.g., a short \acro{DOS}-like ``8.3'' and +a more natural longer version) for the same file. Then \cmdname{dvips} +goes on to find the generic configuration file \file{config.ps} +before looking for the customization file \file{.dvipsrc} (which, in +this case is \emph{not found}). Finally, \cmdname{dvips} locates the +config file for the Computer Modern PostScript fonts \file{config.cms} +(this was initiated with the \texttt{-Pcms} option on the \cmdname{dvips} +command). This file contains the list of the ``map'' files which +define the relation between the \TeX{}, PostScript and file system +names of the fonts. +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{more /usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms} + p +ams.map + p +cms.map + p +cmbkm.map + p +amsbkm.map +\end{alltt} +\cmdname{dvips} thus goes on to find all these files, plus the generic +map file \file{psfonts.map}, which is always loaded (it contains +declarations for commonly used PostScript fonts; see the last part of +Section \ref{SExamplesofuse} for more details about PostScript map +file handling). + +At this point \cmdname{dvips} identifies itself to the user\ldots +\begin{alltt}\ifSingleColumn +This is dvips 5.78 Copyright 1998 Radical Eye Software (www.radicaleye.com) +\else\small{}This is dvips 5.78 Copyright 1998 Radical Eye... +\fi\end{alltt}% decided to accept slight overrun in tub case +\ifSingleColumn +\ldots and then goes on to look for the prolog file \file{texc.pro}, +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(texc.pro) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro +\end{alltt} +\else +then goes on to look for the prolog file \file{texc.pro} (see +Figure~\ref{fig:dvipsdbgb}). + +\fi +After having found the file in question, \cmdname{dvips} outputs +date and time, and informs us that it will generate the +file \file{hello-world.ps}, then that it needs the font file +\file{cmr10}, and that the latter is declared as ``resident'': +\begin{alltt}\small +TeX output 1998.02.26:1204' -> hello-world.ps +Defining font () cmr10 at 10.0pt +Font cmr10 <CMR10> is resident. +\end{alltt} +Now the search is on for the file \file{cmr10.tfm}, which is found, +then a few more prolog files (not shown) are referenced, and finally +the Type1 instance \file{cmr10.pfb} of the font is located and +included in the output file (see last line). +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm, must\_exist=1, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//: + /var/tex/fonts/tfm//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm +kdebug:start search(file=texps.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + ... +<texps.pro> +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.pfb, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb +<cmr10.pfb>[1] +\end{alltt} + +\subsection{Runtime options} + +Another of the nice features of \Webc{} is its possibility to +control a number of memory parameters (in particular, array sizes) via +the runtime file \file{texmf.cnf} read by \KPS{}. The listing of +\file{texmf.cnf} is shown in Appendix~\ref{app:texmf.cnf}, starting on +page~\pageref{app:texmf.cnf}; the settings of all parameters can be +found in Part 3 of that file. The more important control variables are: +\begin{description} +\item[\texttt{main\_memory}] + Total words of memory available, for + \TeX{}, \MF{} and \MP. You must make a new format file for each + different setting. For instance, you could generate a ``huge'' + version of \TeX{}, and call the format file \texttt{hugetex.fmt}. + Using the standard way of specifying the program name used by \KPS{}, + the particular value of the \texttt{main\_memory} variable will then + be read from \file{texmf.cnf} (compare the generic value + and the ``huge'' one instantiated by \texttt{hugetex}, + etc.). +\item[\texttt{extra\_mem\_bot}] + Extra space for ``large'' \TeX{} data structures: + boxes, glue, breakpoints, etc. Especially useful if you use + \PiCTeX{}. +\item[\texttt{font\_mem\_size}] + Number of words for font information available for \TeX. This + is more or less the total size of all TFM files read. +\item[\texttt{hash\_extra}] + Additional space for the hash table of control sequence names. + Approximately 10,000 control sequences can be stored in the main + hash table; if you have a large book with numerous cross-references, + this might not be enough. You can see that both the + \cmdname{hugetex} and \cmdname{pdflatex} program invocations ask for + an extra 15,000 control sequences (the default value of + \texttt{hash\_extra} is zero). +\end{description} +Of course, this facility is no substitute for truly dynamic arrays and +memory allocation, but since this is extremely difficult to implement +in present \TeX, these runtime parameters provide a practical compromise +allowing some flexibility. + +%-------------------------------------------------------- + + +\section{Acknowledgements}\label{sec:acknowl} +This edition of TeXLive is edited by Sebastian Rahtz, with the +major contributors being Fabrice Popineau, who has worked away +unceasingly at the Win32 part of the package (especially the setup!) +and contributed in many different ways with ideas, advice and code; +and Staszek Wawrykiewicz, who provided great checking feedback, and +co-ordinated the Polish contributions. Kaja Christiansen performed a +vital role in endless recompilations on assorted Unix platforms, and +Robin Laakso coordinated production for TUG. Vladimir Volovich +did great work on cleaning the source and making other improvements, +while Gerben Wierda did all the work for MacOSX. + +We are very grateful for past and present help from +\begin{itemize} +\item The German-speaking \TeX{} Users (DANTE e.V.), who provided a machine + on which the master of the CD-ROM is developed and maintained; and Rainer +Sch\"opf and Reinhard Zierke who look after it; +\item The Perforce company, for providing a free copy of their +excellent change management system, which we have used to + manage the CD-ROM +contents; +\item Karl Berry, who provided the original \Webc{} distribution, and + has continued to give invaluable advice, encouragement, and help; +\item Mimi Burbank, who arranged access + at the Florida State University School of Computational Science + and Information Technology + to a slew of different + computers to compile \TeX{} on, and acted as an essential guinea-pig + whenever asked; +\item Kaja Christiansen, who provided essential feedback, compilation, and + documentation preparation; +\item Thomas Esser, without whose marvellous \teTeX{} package this + \CD{} would certainly not exist, and whose continual help makes it a + better product; +\item Michel Goossens, who co-authored the documentation; +\item Eitan Gurari, whose \TeX4ht was used to create the \HTML{} + version of this documentation, and who worked tirelessly to improve + it at short notice; +\item Art Ogawa and Pat Monohon, who coordinated releases for TUG; +\item Petr Olsak, who coordinated and checked all the Czech/Slovak + material very carefully; +\item Olaf Weber, for his patient assembly and maintenance of Web2c; +\item Graham Williams, on whose work the catalogue of packages depends. +\end{itemize} + +Gerhard Wilhelms, Volker Schaa, Fabrice Popineau, Janka +Chleb\'\i{}kov\'a, Staszek Wawrykiewicz, Erik Frambach, and Ulrik +Vieth kindly translated documentation at various times into their +respective languages, checked other documentation, and provided very +welcome feedback. + + +\section{History} + +This \CD{} distribution is a joint effort by many \TeX{} Users +Groups, including those from Germany, the Netherlands, the UK, France, +the Czech Republic/Slovakia, India, Poland and Russia, as well as +the international TUG. +Discussion began in late 1993 when the Dutch \TeX{} Users Group was +starting work on its 4All\TeX{} \CD{} for \acro{MS-DOS} users, and it was +hoped at that time to issue a single, rational, \CD{} for all +systems. This was far too ambitious a target, but it did spawn not +only the very successful 4All\TeX{} \CD{}, but also the \acro{TUG} +Technical Council working group on a \emph{\TeX{} Directory + Structure}, which specified how to create consistent and manageable +collections of \TeX{} support files. The final draft of the \TDS{} was +published in the December 1995 issue of \textsl{TUGboat}, and it was clear from +an early stage that one desirable product would be a model structure +on \CD{}. The \CD{} you now have is a very direct result of the +working group's deliberations. It was also clear that the success of +the 4All\TeX{} \CD{} showed that Unix users would benefit from a +similarly easy system, and this is the other main strand of \TeXLive. + +We undertook to make a new Unix-based \TDS{} \CD{} in the autumn of +1995, and quickly identified Thomas Esser's \teTeX{} as the ideal +setup, as it already had multi-platform support and was built with +portability across file systems in mind. Thomas agreed to help, and +work began seriously at the start of 1996. The first edition was +released in May 1996. At the start of 1997, Karl Berry completed a +major new release of his \Webc{} package, which included nearly all +the features which Thomas Esser had added in \teTeX, and we decided to +base the 2nd edition of the \CD{} on the standard \Webc, with the +addition of \teTeX's \texttt{texconfig} script. The 3rd edition of the +\CD{} was based on a major revision of \Webc, 7.2, by Olaf Weber; at the +same time, a new revision of \teTeX was being made, +and \TeXLive{} shares almost all of its features. The 4th edition +followed the same pattern, using a new version of te\TeX, and a new +release of \Webc{} (7.3). The system now included a complete Windows setup. + +For the 5th edition (March 2000) many parts of the \CD{} were revised +and checked, updating hundreds of packages. Package details were +stored in XML files. But the major change for \TeX\ Live 5 was that +all non-free software was removed. Everything on this \CD{} should be +compatible with the Debian Free Software Guidelines +(\url{http://www.debian.org/intro/free}); we have done our best to +check the license conditions of all packages, but we would very much +appreciate hearing of any mistakes. + +The 6th edition (July 2001) had a lot material updated. The major +change was a new install concept: the user could select a more exact set +of needed collections. Language-related collections were completely +reorganized, so selecting any of them installs not only macros, fonts, +etc., but also prepares an appropriate \texttt{language.dat}. + +The 7th edition of 2002 had as a major addition a setup +for MacOSX, and the usual myriad of updates to all sorts +of packages and programs. An important goal was integration +of the source back with teTeX, to correct the drift apart +in versions 5 and 6. + +\section{Future versions} + +\emph{This \CD{} is not a perfect product!} We plan to re-issue it +once a year, and would like to provide more help material, more +utilities, more installation programs, and (of course) an +ever-improved and checked tree of macros and fonts. This work is all +done by hard-pressed volunteers in their limited spare time, and a +great deal remains to be done. If you can help, don't hesitate to put +your name forward! + +Corrections, suggestions and additions for future revisions +should be sent to:\hfill\null +\begin{quote} +Sebastian Rahtz\\ +{}7 Stratfield Road\\ +Oxford OX2 7BG\\ +United Kingdom\\ +\EmailURL{rahtz@tug.org} +\end{quote} + + +Updates, notes, and suggestions will be made available on \CTAN{} +in \path|info/texlive|. A \acro{WWW} page for +information and ordering details is at +\url{http://www.tug.org/tex-live.html}. + +\end{multicols} + +\Section{The texmf.cnf file} +\label{app:texmf.cnf} +\begin{small} +\listinginput{1}{../examples/texmf.cnf} +\end{small} + +\end{document} + + + +Notes on Nicolle Zellner's problems: +------------------------------------ +- autoexec.bat gave error, ``too many parameters''. +fix: in setvars.bat file, put "" around %PATH% to take care of spaces. + +- ``out of environment space'' when rebooting meant that autoexec.bat was +not executing properly-- path and texmfhome variable were not being set. +fix: put in config.sys file the line: shell=c:\command.com /e:1024 /p +(and reboot probably) + +[Note: alternative advice written by Pat: + The environment space is an area of memory in which the OS stores + variables such as path. To increase the memory size do the following: + + Open a MS-DOS window. Click on the Properties icon (looks like a hand + holding a sheet of paper). Click on the Memory tab in the Properties + window. Change the value under Initial Environment: to 4096. Apply the + properties. Click OK on the warning about needing to restart your computer. + The new environment memory will be in effect after the reboot.] + +- windvi did not retain settings. +fix: in setvars.bat file, add command: set Home=c:\Home and also create +the directory c:\Home. +copy windvi.cnf to c:\Home\ +reboot + +-ispell doesn't work (can't write to c:\tmp, can't create dictionary) +In addition to the the c:\Home addition above, create the folder: +d:\tmp\ (d: is where the files are that she is using.) +Now ispell should work from the command line. +Still can't get it to work from within \cmdname{WinShell}. (change cmd line to %c.tex, +it was reading the project main file) + + + +Notes on installing WinEdt: +--------------------------- +If you choose to install WinEdt, you will be asked for a folder name: any +folder name will do, as this is for temporary storage. An acceptable +choice is \verb+C:\Winedt+. Click \textbf{unzip}, then \textbf{OK}, +and finally \textbf{Close}. +--- + +later, to complete WinEdt installation: + +Run "winedt5.exe" and complete the setup procedure. + +Get from ftp://ftp.dante.de/pub/fptex/supplementary/ +30/08/2000 20:17 70 844 winedt5-cnf.zip +10/09/2000 10:43 839 086 winedt5-patch4.zip + +then unpack (use unzip or winzip with subdir creation enabled, NOT pkunzkip) + "winedt5-patch4.zip" inside the "c:\program files\winedt" directory +then at last unpack "winedt5-cnf.zip". + +When this is done, go inside the 'Options->Configurations' menu, +choose the "fpTeX Direct" option. + +If windvi previewer doesn't work, go to options->menu setup-> accessories +and change the Menu Setup so the call for DVI Preview is analogous to +the call for Dvips-- i.e., don't use "DVIVIEW" in the command line, +but rather fptex-bin and dviwin.exe. + + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live4ht.cfg-2004 b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live4ht.cfg-2004 new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..555db7a13d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/live4ht.cfg-2004 @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +% $Id: //depot/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/live4ht.cfg#6 $ $Date: 2004/11/24 $ $Author: karl $ +% tex4ht configuration file for the TeX Live documentation. +% +% The 2 means to separate output files for only the top sectioning levels. +% xhtml specifies the main output format. +% info for extra debugging info in the log files. +% Without the \begin{document}, LaTeX complains that it is missing. +% +\Preamble{2,xhtml,info} \begin{document} \EndPreamble + +% simplify output for HTML. We leave TeX and LaTeX alone, since tex4ht +% actually does the lowered E (and raised A) in CSS. +\def\OMEGA{Omega} +\def\LaTeXe{LaTeX2e} +\def\eTeX{e-\TeX} +\def\acro#1{#1} +\def\MF{Metafont} +\def\BibTeX{BibTeX} +\def\warningbox{} +\def\endwarningbox{} + +\newif\ifhackliterals +\ifx\tldocenglish\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocrussian\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocgerman\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +% +\ifhackliterals + % these definitions cause "missing } inserted" at \end{tabularx} in + % French and Czech. don't know why. + % + % don't make these into links, as happens with \path. 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s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"jknappen"}="10 Mar 1998 09:10:20 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"jsmisc"}="12 Apr 1997 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"jspell"}="= {5 Nov 1998 15:43:30 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"jura"}="11 Jul 1998 17:22:01 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"kalendar"}="27 Mar 1998 05:44:58 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"kalender"}="22 Feb 1999 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"karnaugh"}="24 Sep 1998 05:26:10 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"kdgreek"}="25 Feb 1998 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"kix"}="19 Sep 1998 08:58:56 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"kluwer"}="31 May 1997 20:08:21 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"knst"}="21 Oct 1996 13:44:44 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"knuth"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"koi8"}="21 Oct 1996 13:48:21 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"koma-script"}="30 Nov 1998 09:41:00 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"kpathsea"}="3 Feb 1999 10:29:24 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"kuvio"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"lamstex"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"lated"}="11 Feb 1998 07:41:10 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"latex"}="2 Jul 1998 12:56:15 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"latex209"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"latex209"}="4 Jul 1996 10:07:05 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"latex2e"}="4 Jul 1996 09:53:38 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"latex2html"}="8 Jul 1996 23:00:59 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"latex2man"}="9 Sep 1998 05:33:13 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"latex2rtf"}="17 Nov 1998 08:56:23 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"latexcad"}="20 Mar 1998 09:32:43 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"latexfonts"}="22 Feb 1999 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"latexmk"}="12 Jan 1997 11:30:28 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"latexn"}="27 Nov 1997 17:04:03 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"latin2jk"}="7 Oct 1997 08:56:04 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"layout"}="13 Aug 1998 05:42:38 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"layouts"}="31 Jan 1999 06:43:57 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"leaflet"}="30 Sep 1998 08:20:21 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"leftidx"}="4 Feb 1998 13:16:00 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"letter"}="6 Nov 1998 13:26:58 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lettrine"}="25 Mar 1998 09:11:24 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"levy"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"lexikon"}="1 Apr 1998 06:05:45 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lgreek"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"lgrind-win32"}="24 Mar 1998 11:41:55 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lgrind"}="5 Aug 1998 06:33:28 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lh"}="2 Oct 1998 07:20:00 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lhcyr"}="21 Jan 1999 19:44:44 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lilypond"}="21 Oct 1998 09:41:28 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lineno"}="20 Jan 1999 14:57:13 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"linguex"}="1 Jun 1998 11:57:34 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lintex"}="16 Jun 1998 10:19:01 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lips"}="21 Oct 1996 10:30:25 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"listings"}="11 Nov 1998 05:44:14 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lkort"}="22 Feb 1999 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"llncs"}="4 Oct 1996 08:48:06 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"localloc"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"logic"}="3 May 1997 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"logo-ps"}="25 Jul 1998 06:24:28 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lollipop"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"longtable"}="21 Jun 1996 08:12:11 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lscape"}="7 Nov 1996 19:36:31 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lshort-english"}="21 Jan 1999 19:27:28 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lshort-finnish"}="21 Jan 1999 19:12:55 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lshort-french"}="5 Feb 1998 09:10:02 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lshort-german"}="30 Jan 1999 07:28:37 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lshort-mongolian"}="30 Jan 1999 07:28:04 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lshort-polish"}="25 Feb 1999 14:09:31 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lshort-russian"}="13 Oct 1998 09:11:31 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lshort-spanish"}="21 Jan 1999 19:12:55 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"ltoh"}="8 Apr 1998 09:41:19 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"ltx2rtf"}="28 Dec 1998 09:11:53 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"ltx2x"}="26 Jan 1997 10:24:09 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"ltxbase"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"ltxinput"}="26 Nov 1996 16:30:38 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"ltxmisc"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"ltxsrc"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"lucida"}="22 Feb 1999 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"lucold"}="4 Feb 1998 13:23:16 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"lw35nfsx"}="28 Jul 1998 05:36:21 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"ly1"}="12 Apr 1997 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"m-pictex"}="24 Feb 1998 13:55:54 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"macbibtex"}="7 Nov 1996 13:35:35 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"magaz"}="17 Feb 1999 17:33:54 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mailing"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"makeindex"}="23 May 1997 13:18:35 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"malayalam"}="23 Jun 1998 15:49:27 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"malvern"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"manyfoot"}="28 Dec 1998 09:24:33 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mapcodes"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"maple"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"margbib"}="24 Feb 1998 13:20:27 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"marvosym-mac"}="5 Nov 1998 15:47:46 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"marvosym"}="21 Jul 1998 05:27:14 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.auy"; +$M{"mathcmd"}="abstract Provides a slightly version of the commands for"; +$M{"mathcmd"}="1 May 1998 16:54:49 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mathcomp"}="10 Sep 1998 18:44:41 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mathematica"}="20 Jan 1998 22:00:24 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mathenv"}="1 May 1998 16:55:25 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mathinst"}="10 Sep 1998 18:54:03 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mathkit"}="4 Feb 1998 13:20:21 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mathpple"}="21 Jan 1999 19:34:23 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mathrsfs"}="27 Mar 1998 05:58:42 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mathtime"}="29 May 1996 10:39:52 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mcite"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"mdwtools"}="16 Jun 1998 10:36:35 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"meta-mode"}="1 May 1997 10:10:22 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"metapost"}="25 Jun 1996 10:58:40 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"method"}="21 Jan 1999 07:58:21 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mex"}="08 Feb 1998 staw\@gust.org.pl"; +$M{"mf-ps"}="4 Feb 1998 13:18:00 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mf-ps"}="08 Feb 1998 staw\@gust.org.pl"; +$M{"mf2pt3"}="2 Jan 1999 21:45:21 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mf2tex"}="3 May 1997 21:09:52 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mff"}="24 Oct 1996 10:27:31 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mff"}="13 May 1997 10:24:58 Robin Fairbairns rf\@cl.cam.ac.uk"; +$M{"mflogo"}="25 Dec 1996 UV"; +$M{"mfnfss"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"mfpic"}="12 Apr 1997 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"mftoeps"}="25 Feb 1998 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"mhs"}="22 Feb 1999 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"midnight"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"mif2xfig"}="20 Nov 1996 11:23:52 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"miktex-axp"}="25 Sep 1997 14:01:19 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"miktex"}="23 Feb 1999 16:12:25 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"miniltx"}="20 May 1996 10:13:07 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"minitoc"}="12 Jan 1997 11:20:36 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mirr"}="12 May 1997 10:27:47 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mirr"}="08 Feb 1998 staw\@gust.org.pl"; +$M{"miscpk"}="22 Feb 1999 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"mitpress"}="19 Sep 1998 10:11:07 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mkpic"}="2 Jan 1999 21:52:06 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mla"}="28 Apr 1997 09:48:03 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mlbib"}="5 Nov 1996 09:15:29 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mltex"}="28 Dec 1998 09:15:09 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mmtools"}="23 Jul 1997 09:16:45 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mnras"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"modes"}="11 Aug 1998 05:29:08 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"monotype"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"monster"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"montex"}="29 Jan 1999 09:53:15 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"morehelp"}="19 Feb 1998 09:36:53 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"moresize"}="17 Jul 1997 14:08:56 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"moreverb"}="29 May 1996 11:58:07 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"moreverb"}="13 May 1997 10:24:58 Robin Fairbairns rf\@cl.cam.ac.uk"; +$M{"morse"}="25 Feb 1998 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"morse"}="26 Feb 1998 09:08:33 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mpattern"}="30 Sep 1998 11:00:52 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mpfnmark"}="13 Dec 1996 08:30:22 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mpfnmark"}="13 May 1997 10:24:58 Robin Fairbairns rf\@cl.cam.ac.uk"; +$M{"ms"}="22 Feb 1999 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"mslapa"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"mslapa"}="12 Jul 1996 10:06:59 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mt11p"}="14 Feb 1997 09:21:04 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mtbe"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"multenum"}="25 Feb 1998 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"multicol"}="21 Dec 1998 13:35:30 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"multido"}="19 Mar 1998 10:41:51 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"multirow"}="25 Nov 1998 06:06:17 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"multitoc"}="8 Sep 1998 05:46:30 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"musictex"}="27 Nov 1996 13:59:30 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"musixtex"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"mxedruli"}="25 Jul 1998 06:28:00 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"mylatex"}="1 May 1998 17:00:39 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"myletter"}="12 Apr 1997 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"nassflow"}="12 Apr 1997 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"natbib"}="17 Jul 1998 16:12:29 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"nb4latex"}="21 Nov 1996 16:56:44 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"nccfoots"}="28 Dec 1998 09:25:59 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"ncctools"}="22 Feb 1999 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"netpbm-win"}="10 Sep 1998 18:37:04 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"newsletr"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"newthm"}="abstract A version of the theorem-style which provides"; +$M{"newthm"}="14 Feb 1997 09:30:36 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"newthm"}="13 May 1997 10:24:58 Robin Fairbairns "; +$M{"niceframe"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"nomencl"}="27 May 1997 09:24:37 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"norbib"}="2 Jul 1998 12:55:09 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"nrc"}="22 Feb 1999 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"ntemacs"}="19 Oct 1998 06:03:28 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"ntgclass"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"ntheorem"}="11 Dec 1998 05:44:07 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"numline"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"numline"}="28 May 1996 16:02:33 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"objectz"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"oca"}="3 May 1997 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"ocr-a"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"ocr-a"}="18 May 1996 14:10:28 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"ocr-b"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"ocr-b"}="18 May 1996 14:10:28 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"ogham"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"ogonek"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"oldstyle"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"omega"}="11 Feb 1998 08:05:12 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"omegabase"}="22 Feb 1999 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"omegafonts"}="22 Feb 1999 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"onepagem"}="18 Jul 1997 14:23:48 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"oryia"}="1 Jul 1998 10:29:59 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"os2tex"}="3 Jan 1999 10:42:23 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"osmanian"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"ot2cyr"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"overcite"}="15 Dec 1996 19:11:52 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"overpic"}="27 Nov 1997 17:00:55 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"overword"}="13 Dec 1996 08:37:08 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"overword"}="13 May 1997 10:24:58 Robin Fairbairns rf\@cl.cam.ac.uk"; +$M{"oxford"}="11 Jan 1998 20:39:42 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"oztex-german"}="25 Mar 1998 09:10:39 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"oztex"}="27 Dec 1998 20:16:46 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"pageno"}="23 Sep 1998 09:40:33 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"pandey"}="30 Sep 1998 07:56:09 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"pandora"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"paper"}="20 May 1996 06:33:20 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"paradissa"}="14 Jun 1996 16:18:31 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"paralist"}="21 Jan 1999 19:49:45 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"patch"}="3 May 1997 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"path"}="25 Jun 1996 09:13:30 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"pawpict"}="10 Feb 1998 09:32:45 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"pb-diagram"}="30 Nov 1998 13:48:18 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"pcfonts"}="21 Oct 1996 13:32:14 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"pdcmac"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"pdftex-djgpp"}="23 Feb 1998 15:51:42 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"pdftex"}="13 Aug 1998 05:51:13 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"permute"}="28 Dec 1998 09:09:59 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"pf2afm"}="18 Jun 1998 10:13:25 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"phonetic"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"phppcf"}="14 Jun 1996 12:35:55 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"physe"}="12 Apr 1997 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"phyzzx"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"pictex"}="24 Feb 1998 13:53:44 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"piff"}="16 May 1996 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"piq"}="ctan fonts/okuda//"; +$M{"piq"}="17 Nov 1996 11:28:28 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"pkfind"}=" utility to understand those specials, and to act"; +$M{"pkfind"}="3 Mar 1998 15:39:16 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; 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+$M{"youngtab"}="29 Jun 1998 10:06:42 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"yplan99"}="11 Dec 1998 05:45:33 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +$M{"ytex"}="12 Apr 1997 s.rahtz\@elsevier.co.uk"; +$M{"zefonts"}="30 Sep 1998 07:50:57 Graham.Williams\@cmis.csiro.au"; +1; diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/nocites.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/nocites.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..759b379f30e --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/nocites.tex @@ -0,0 +1,557 @@ +\nocite{a0poster} +\nocite{aaai} +\nocite{abstyles} +\nocite{accfonts} +\nocite{achemso} +\nocite{acronym} +\nocite{adfathesis} +\nocite{adobeother} +\nocite{adobestd} +\nocite{adrlist} +\nocite{ae} +\nocite{aguplus} +\nocite{aiaa} +\nocite{akletter} +\nocite{alatex} +\nocite{algorithms} +\nocite{alg} +\nocite{alphaev5-osf4.0d} +\nocite{altfont} +\nocite{amsfonts} +\nocite{amslatex} +\nocite{amstex} +\nocite{answers} +\nocite{antyktor} +\nocite{apa} +\nocite{apl} +\nocite{appendix} +\nocite{arabtex} +\nocite{arydshln} +\nocite{ar} +\nocite{asaetr} +\nocite{ascii} +\nocite{astro} +\nocite{aurora} +\nocite{authorindex} +\nocite{autotab} +\nocite{babel} +\nocite{backgammon} +\nocite{bakoma} +\nocite{barcode2} +\nocite{barcodes} +\nocite{barr} +\nocite{bbding} +\nocite{bbm} +\nocite{bbold} +\nocite{bbtbase} +\nocite{bbtdoc} +\nocite{beebe} +\nocite{belleek} +\nocite{beton} +\nocite{bez123} +\nocite{bezos} +\nocite{bibarts} +\nocite{biblist} +\nocite{bluesky} +\nocite{blue} +\nocite{booktabs} +\nocite{borceux} +\nocite{bosisio} +\nocite{bridge} +\nocite{brushscr} +\nocite{c-pascal} +\nocite{calendar} +\nocite{calligra} +\nocite{calrsfs} +\nocite{camel} +\nocite{caption} +\nocite{carlisle} +\nocite{casyl} +\nocite{catalog} +\nocite{cbgreek} +\nocite{cc-pl} +\nocite{ccaption} +\nocite{ccfonts} +\nocite{cchess} +\nocite{cdcover} +\nocite{cellular} +\nocite{changebar} +\nocite{chemcono} +\nocite{chemsym} +\nocite{cheq} +\nocite{cherokee} +\nocite{chess} +\nocite{china2e} +\nocite{circ} +\nocite{cirth} +\nocite{cite} +\nocite{cjk} +\nocite{cmbright} +\nocite{cmcyralt} +\nocite{cmcyr} +\nocite{cmdtrack} +\nocite{cmextra} +\nocite{cmpica} +\nocite{cmpk} +\nocite{cmsd} +\nocite{cm} +\nocite{codepage} +\nocite{colorsep} +\nocite{colortab} +\nocite{comment} +\nocite{concmath} +\nocite{concrete} +\nocite{context} +\nocite{covington} +\nocite{croatian} +\nocite{crop} +\nocite{crossword} +\nocite{crosswrd} +\nocite{csfonts} +\nocite{cslatex} +\nocite{csplain} +\nocite{cspsfonts} +\nocite{cstug} +\nocite{cursor} +\nocite{curves} +\nocite{custom-bib} +\nocite{cyrillic} +\nocite{dancers} +\nocite{deleq} +\nocite{devanagari} +\nocite{dialogl} +\nocite{dinbrief} +\nocite{directory} +\nocite{dotseqn} +\nocite{draftcopy} +\nocite{dratex} +\nocite{dropping} +\nocite{dstroke} +\nocite{dtk} +\nocite{duerer} +\nocite{dvipdfm} +\nocite{dvipsbase} +\nocite{dvipsdoc} +\nocite{ean} +\nocite{easy} +\nocite{ecc} 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+\nocite{footnpag} +\nocite{formats} +\nocite{formula} +\nocite{fp} +\nocite{frankenstein} +\nocite{french} +\nocite{fribrief} +\nocite{fullblck} +\nocite{fullpict} +\nocite{fundus} +\nocite{futhark} +\nocite{g-brief} +\nocite{gb4e} +\nocite{genealogy} +\nocite{general} +\nocite{genmisc} +\nocite{geometry} +\nocite{geomsty} +\nocite{german} +\nocite{germbib} +\nocite{germdoc} +\nocite{gloss} +\nocite{gn-logic} +\nocite{gothic} +\nocite{go} +\nocite{graphics} +\nocite{greek6cbc} +\nocite{grnumalt} +\nocite{grtimes} +\nocite{guides} +\nocite{gustlib} +\nocite{hands} +\nocite{hanging} +\nocite{harpoon} +\nocite{harvard} +\nocite{harvmac} +\nocite{hh} +\nocite{hilowres} +\nocite{histogr} +\nocite{hoekwater} +\nocite{hppa1.1-hpux10.10} +\nocite{html} +\nocite{hvmaths} +\nocite{hyperref} +\nocite{hyper} +\nocite{hyphenat} +\nocite{hyphen} +\nocite{i386-linux-libc5} +\nocite{i386-linux} +\nocite{ibm} +\nocite{ieeepes} +\nocite{ifacmtg} +\nocite{imac} +\nocite{indxcite} +\nocite{info} +\nocite{ini} +\nocite{insbox} +\nocite{ipa} +\nocite{isostds} +\nocite{jadetex} +\nocite{jhep} +\nocite{jknappen} +\nocite{jsmisc} +\nocite{jura} +\nocite{kalender} +\nocite{karnaugh} +\nocite{kdgreek} +\nocite{kluwer} +\nocite{knuth} +\nocite{koma-script} +\nocite{kuvio} +\nocite{labels} +\nocite{lamstex} +\nocite{lastpage} +\nocite{latexfonts} +\nocite{layouts} +\nocite{leaflet} +\nocite{leftidx} +\nocite{lettrine} +\nocite{levy} +\nocite{lgc} +\nocite{lgreek} +\nocite{lhcyr} +\nocite{lh} +\nocite{lineno} +\nocite{linguex} +\nocite{listings} +\nocite{lkort} +\nocite{localloc} +\nocite{logic} +\nocite{lollipop} +\nocite{ltablex} +\nocite{ltx2rtf} +\nocite{ltxbase} +\nocite{ltxdoc} +\nocite{ltxmisc} +\nocite{lucida} +\nocite{ly1} +\nocite{mailing} +\nocite{makeindex} +\nocite{malayalam} +\nocite{malvern} +\nocite{mapcodes} +\nocite{maple} +\nocite{margbib} +\nocite{marvosym} +\nocite{mathcomp} +\nocite{mathematica} +\nocite{mathpple} +\nocite{mcite} +\nocite{mdwtools} +\nocite{metasupp} +\nocite{method} +\nocite{mex} +\nocite{mff} +\nocite{mflogo} +\nocite{mfmisc} +\nocite{mfnfss} +\nocite{mfpic} +\nocite{mftoeps} +\nocite{mft} +\nocite{mhs} +\nocite{midnight} +\nocite{minitoc} +\nocite{mips-irix6.2} +\nocite{misc209} +\nocite{mltex} +\nocite{mnras} +\nocite{monotype} +\nocite{montex} +\nocite{morehelp} +\nocite{moresize} +\nocite{moreverb} +\nocite{morse} +\nocite{mpattern} +\nocite{mpbase} +\nocite{mpfnmark} +\nocite{mslapa} +\nocite{ms} +\nocite{mtbe} +\nocite{multenum} +\nocite{multirow} +\nocite{multi} +\nocite{musictex} +\nocite{musixtex} +\nocite{nassflow} +\nocite{natbib} +\nocite{ncctools} +\nocite{newalg} +\nocite{newlfm} +\nocite{newsletr} +\nocite{newthm} +\nocite{niceframe} +\nocite{nomencl} +\nocite{nrc} +\nocite{ntgclass} +\nocite{ntg} +\nocite{ntheorem} +\nocite{numline} +\nocite{objectz} +\nocite{oca} +\nocite{ocr-a} +\nocite{ogham} +\nocite{ogonek} +\nocite{oldstyle} +\nocite{omegabase} +\nocite{omegafonts} +\nocite{osmanian} +\nocite{ot2cyr} +\nocite{overpic} +\nocite{pacioli} +\nocite{pageno} +\nocite{pandora} +\nocite{paper} +\nocite{paralist} +\nocite{parallel} +\nocite{patch} +\nocite{pawpict} +\nocite{pb-diagram} +\nocite{pdcmac} +\nocite{pdfscreen} +\nocite{pdftex} +\nocite{permute} +\nocite{phoenician} +\nocite{phonetic} +\nocite{physe} +\nocite{phyzzx} +\nocite{picinpar} +\nocite{picins} +\nocite{pictex} +\nocite{piff} +\nocite{pl-qx} +\nocite{plainmisc} +\nocite{plaintex} +\nocite{plari} +\nocite{platex} +\nocite{play} +\nocite{plcalendar} +\nocite{plfonts} +\nocite{plgraph} +\nocite{plpatch} +\nocite{pl} +\nocite{pmgraph} +\nocite{poligraf} +\nocite{polish} +\nocite{polyglot} +\nocite{prettyref} +\nocite{progkeys} +\nocite{program} +\nocite{proofs} +\nocite{protex} +\nocite{psafm} +\nocite{psfig} +\nocite{psfrag} +\nocite{psizzl} +\nocite{pslatex} +\nocite{psnfssx} +\nocite{psnfss} +\nocite{pspicture} +\nocite{pstricks} +\nocite{punk} +\nocite{qfonts} +\nocite{qobitree} +\nocite{qsymbols} +\nocite{quotchap} +\nocite{r-und-s} +\nocite{rcsinfo} +\nocite{rcs} +\nocite{realcalc} +\nocite{refcheck} +\nocite{refman} +\nocite{relenc} +\nocite{revtex} +\nocite{rlepsf} +\nocite{rmpage} +\nocite{rotating} +\nocite{rotfloat} +\nocite{rplain} +\nocite{rs6000-aix4.1.4.0} +\nocite{rsfs} +\nocite{ruhyphen} +\nocite{runic} +\nocite{sanskrit} +\nocite{sauterfonts} +\nocite{scale} +\nocite{schedule} +\nocite{script} +\nocite{sectsty} +\nocite{semantic} +\nocite{seminar} +\nocite{setspace} +\nocite{shadbox} +\nocite{shadethm} +\nocite{shortlst} +\nocite{shorttoc} +\nocite{showdim} +\nocite{showlabels} +\nocite{siam} +\nocite{sidecap} +\nocite{siggraph} +\nocite{simpsons} +\nocite{siunits} +\nocite{slashbox} +\nocite{slidenotes} +\nocite{smallcap} +\nocite{songbook} +\nocite{soul} +\nocite{sparc-solaris2.5.1} +\nocite{sprite} +\nocite{ssqquote} +\nocite{startex} +\nocite{stdclsdv} +\nocite{stmaryrd} +\nocite{subeqnarray} +\nocite{subeqn} +\nocite{subfigure} +\nocite{supertabular} +\nocite{synttree} +\nocite{t2} +\nocite{tabbing} +\nocite{tap} +\nocite{taylor} +\nocite{tbe} +\nocite{tcx} +\nocite{tds} +\nocite{tengwar} +\nocite{tetex} +\nocite{tex-ps} +\nocite{tex4ht} +\nocite{texdraw} +\nocite{texinfo} +\nocite{texip} +\nocite{texlive} +\nocite{texsis} +\nocite{text1} +\nocite{textfit} +\nocite{textmerg} +\nocite{textpos} +\nocite{thesis} +\nocite{threed} +\nocite{thumbpdf} +\nocite{thumb} +\nocite{timesht} +\nocite{timing} +\nocite{tipa} +\nocite{titlefoot} +\nocite{titlesec} +\nocite{tmmaths} +\nocite{tocbibind} +\nocite{tocloft} +\nocite{tocvsec2} +\nocite{tools} +\nocite{tracking} +\nocite{treesvr} +\nocite{treetex} +\nocite{ttf2pk} +\nocite{tugboat} +\nocite{tug} +\nocite{type1cm} +\nocite{type1} +\nocite{typespec} +\nocite{uaclasses} +\nocite{ucthesis} +\nocite{ulsy} +\nocite{umlaute} +\nocite{umrand} +\nocite{underlin} +\nocite{units} +\nocite{universa} +\nocite{uni} +\nocite{unsupported} +\nocite{urwstd} +\nocite{useful} +\nocite{ut-thesis} +\nocite{utthesis} +\nocite{uwthesis} +\nocite{vdm} +\nocite{vector} +\nocite{vertex} +\nocite{vita} +\nocite{vrb} +\nocite{vrsion} +\nocite{warpcol} +\nocite{wasysym} +\nocite{wasy} +\nocite{williams} +\nocite{win32} +\nocite{windvi} +\nocite{wnri} +\nocite{wntamil} +\nocite{wsuipa} +\nocite{xtab} +\nocite{xtcapts} +\nocite{xymtex} +\nocite{xypic} +\nocite{yannisgr} +\nocite{yfonts} +\nocite{yhmath} +\nocite{yi4latex} +\nocite{youngtab} +\nocite{ytex} +\nocite{zed-csp} +\nocite{zefonts} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/picture.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/picture.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..098cfe18f10 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/picture.tex @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +\documentclass{artikel3} +\pagestyle{empty} +\usepackage{pstcol,pst-text,lucidbrb} +\font\manual=manfnt %logo10 doesn't have what we need +\hyphenchar\manual=-1 +\def\MF{{\manual META}\-{\manual FONT}} +\begin{document} +\sffamily +\psset{unit=1mm} +\def\Size#1#2{\fontsize{#1}{#2}\selectfont} +\begin{pspicture}(-58,-58)(58,58) +\pscircle[linewidth=.3pt,linecolor=lightgray]{58} +%\pscircle{23} +\psset{linestyle=none} +% top of circle +\pstextpath[c]{\psarcn(0,0){48}{180}{0}} +{\Size{1.2cm}{1cm}\bfseries \TeX\ Live 4} +\rput(0,34){\begin{minipage}{8cm}\centering \textbf{March 1999}\\[3mm] +\Size{9}{10.5}Ready-to-run \TeX\ system for Linux, Unix (DEC,\\ HP, IBM, +SGI, Sun), and Win32 systems, \\ +based on Web2c 7.3\\ +\end{minipage}} +% bottom of circle +\rput(30,10){\begin{minipage}{2.7cm}\raggedleft\footnotesize +ISO 9660 with Joliet \\and Rock Ridge \\ +extensions\end{minipage}} +\rput(0,-30){\begin{minipage}{7cm}\centering +Macros, fonts, documentation to the\\ +\emph{{\TeX} Directory Structure} standard.\\[2mm] +Editor: Sebastian Rahtz +\end{minipage}} +\pstextpath[c]{\psarc(0,0){45}{180}{0}} +{ +{\Size{14}{14}\ttfamily http://www.tug.org/texlive/} } +\pstextpath[c]{\psarc(0,0){53}{180}{0}} +{\Size{13.2}{14}\bfseries +CSTUG $\bullet$ +Dante e.V. $\bullet$ +GUST $\bullet$ +GUTenberg $\bullet$ +NTG $\bullet$ +TUG $\bullet$ +TUG India $\bullet$ +UK TUG} +\end{pspicture} +\end{document} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/split.pl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/split.pl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bca00584335 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/split.pl @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +#@TeXIndex{a0poster, +open TMP, ">/dev/null"; +while (<>) { + chop; + if (/\@TeXIndex/) { + print TMP "\n"; + close TMP; + $keep=$_; + s/\@TeXIndex{(.*),.*/$1/; + print "[$_]\n"; + open TMP, ">$_.bib"; + print TMP "$keep\n"; + } + else { print TMP "$_\n" ; } + +} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/status.pl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/status.pl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..28c3d0d6d4c --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/status.pl @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +#package: pIq +#license: pd +#(but erasing the headers is not allowed) +#Note that I made the most recent change, but +#Mark Shoulson (shoulson@ctr.columbia.edu) +#wrote the initial version. He should be named +#in the catalogue, too. + +#csuov@csv.warwick.ac.uk +#Subject: cmtt +#To: krab@iesd.auc.dk +#Subject: ftn +#To: inas@MIB.HARZ.DE +#Subject: newthm +#To: reckdahl@leland.stanford.edu +#Subject: epslatex +#To: miktex-bug@ronin.in-berlin.de +#Subject: miktex +#To: de8827@blackjack.usma.edu +#Subject: lated +#To: jdyoung@AFIT.AF.MIL +#Subject: afthesis +#xlwy01@uxp1.hrz.uni-dortmund.de (c2cweb) + +$L{"newlfm"}="free-latex"; +$L{"pacioli"}="gpl"; +$L{"etruscan"}="gpl"; +$L{"phoenician"}="gpl"; +$L{"greek6bc"}="gpl"; +$L{"runic"}="gpl"; +1; diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.bib b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.bib new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..17c75e197b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.bib @@ -0,0 +1,235 @@ +@TeXIndex{mips-irix6.2, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {System binaries for SGI running Irix 6.2}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {systems1} +} + +@TeXIndex{alpha-osf3.2, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {System binaries for Alpha running OSF 3.2.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {systems1} +} + +@TeXIndex{alphaev5-osf4.0d, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {System binaries for Alphaev5 running OSF 4.0d.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {systems1} +} + +@TeXIndex{alphaev5-osf4.0b, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {System binaries for Alphaev5 running OSF 4.0b.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {systems1} +} + +@TeXIndex{bbtbase, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Basic \BibTeX{} support files.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {bibtex1} +} + +@TeXIndex{bbtdoc, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Basic \BibTeX{} documentation.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {bibtex2} +} + +@TeXIndex{catalog, + modified = {February 1999, s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Graham Williams' Catalogue of \TeX{} packages.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {doc2} +} + +@TeXIndex{cmpk, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Computer Modern fonts in PK format.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {fonts3} +} + +@TeXIndex{dtk, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Macros for the DANTE publication.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {latex3} +} + +@TeXIndex{dvipsbase, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Basic support files for dvips.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {dvips1} +} + +@TeXIndex{general, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Useful general documentation.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {doc1} +} + +@TeXIndex{guides, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Guides to using \LaTeX, in English, German, French, + Greek and Polish.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {doc2} +} + +@TeXIndex{hppa1.1-hpux10.10, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {System binaries for HP running hpux10.10.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {systems1} +} + +@TeXIndex{hyphen, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Collection of hyphenation patterns.}, + email = {s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + author = {LaTeX3 Project}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {lang1} +} + +@TeXIndex{i386-linux, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {System binaries for Intel machines running Linux.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {systems1} +} + +@TeXIndex{i386-linux-libc5, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {System binaries for Intel machines + running Linux, with libc5}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {systems1} +} + +@TeXIndex{ini, + modified = {February 1999, s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Startup files for building formats.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {texlive1} +} + +@TeXIndex{lgc, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Examples from the \emph{\LaTeX{} Graphics Companion}.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {doc3} +} + +@TeXIndex{metasupp, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {MetaPost support files.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {texlive1} +} + +@TeXIndex{mfmisc, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Small support files for \MF.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {fonts1} +} + +@TeXIndex{mft, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Support files for MFT.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {texlive1} +} + +@TeXIndex{misc209, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Miscellaneous small macro files for \LaTeX 2.09.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {latex2} +} + +@TeXIndex{mpbase, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Basic MetaPost support files.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {metapost1} +} + +@TeXIndex{multi, + modified = {February 1999, s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {dvips header for making n-up pages.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {dvips3} +} + +@TeXIndex{psafm, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {AFM files for PostScript fonts.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {fonts3} +} + +@TeXIndex{pspk, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {PK files for common PostScript fonts.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {fonts3} +} + +@TeXIndex{rs6000-aix4.1, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {System binaries for RS6000 running AIX 4.1.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {systems1} +} + +@TeXIndex{rs6000-aix4.1.4.0, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {System binaries for RS6000 running AIX 4.1.4.0}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {systems1} +} + +@TeXIndex{sparc-solaris2.5.1, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {System binaries for Sun Sparc running Solaris 2.5.1.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {systems1} +} + +@TeXIndex{texlive, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Basic material for \TeXLive{}.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {texlive1} +} + +@TeXIndex{tug, + modified = {February 1999, s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {\TeX\ Users Group information.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {doc3} +} + +@TeXIndex{useful, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {Useful documentation; various \LaTeX{} guides, FAQ, + fontname docs, etc.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {doc2} +} + +@TeXIndex{win32, + modified = {February 1999 s.rahtz@elsevier.co.uk}, + abstract = {System binaries for Windows 32.}, + status = {free}, + texlive = {systems1} +} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.bst b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.bst new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a4954030c95 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.bst @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +ENTRY + { + name + status + abstract + texlive + author + ctan + keywords + version + also + modified + } + {} % no integer entry variables + { label extra.label sort.label } % label entry variables + + +STRINGS { s t a.name } + + +FUNCTION {not} +{ { #0 } + { #1 } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {and} +{ 'skip$ + { pop$ #0 } + if$ +} + +FUNCTION {or} +{ { pop$ #1 } + 'skip$ + if$ +} + +INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames } + + +FUNCTION {TexIndex} { + texlive empty$ + { } + { "\bibitem{" cite$ * "}" * write$ + cite$ "&" * write$ + status "&" * write$ + texlive "&" * write$ + newline$ + abstract write$ + newline$ + } + if$ + } + + +READ + +ITERATE {call.type$} + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.sty-2003 b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.sty-2003 new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b75b7b5bfd --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.sty-2003 @@ -0,0 +1,378 @@ +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01] +\ProvidesPackage{tex-live}[2003/09/01 v1.0 TeX Live documentation style] +% +\RequirePackage{alltt} +\RequirePackage{array} +\RequirePackage{colortbl} +\RequirePackage{graphicx} +\RequirePackage{here} +\RequirePackage{longtable} +\RequirePackage{pslatex} +\RequirePackage{shortvrb} +\RequirePackage[normalem]{ulem} +\RequirePackage[obeyspaces]{url} +\RequirePackage{xspace} +\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} +\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} +%\usepackage[textcomp]{lmodern} +% +\RequirePackage{europs} +\let\euro\EUR +% +\RequirePackage{mflogo} +\def\MP{MetaPost} +\let\mf\MF +% +% for a proper \acro command (even in the context of the definition in +% ltugboat -- \DRC overrides without checking) +\RequirePackage{relsize} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\acro}[1]{\textsmaller{#1}\@} +% +\RequirePackage{fancyvrb} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{fverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\footnotesize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{sverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\small} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{boxedverbatim} + {Verbatim}{fontsize=\scriptsize,frame=single} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{Verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\def\verbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\boxedverbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[frame=single,fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\listinginput#1#2{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize,firstnumber=#1,numbers=left]{#2}} +\MakeShortVerb\| +% +% +% Done with packages. +% +% Page layout. +\advance\textwidth by 1.1in +\advance\oddsidemargin by -.55in +\advance\evensidemargin by -.55in +% +\advance\textheight by 1in +\advance\topmargin by -.5in +\advance\footskip by -.5in +\pagestyle{headings} +% +% LaTeX parameters. +\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.85} +\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.86} +\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.1} +\renewcommand{\belowcaptionskip}{4pt} +\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} +\setcounter{topnumber}{5} +\setcounter{totalnumber}{5} +% +% linebreaking, etc. +\pretolerance=1000 +\tolerance=1500 +\hbadness=3000 +\vbadness=3000 +\hyphenpenalty=400 +\emergencystretch=.1\hsize +\relpenalty=500 +% +% fonts +\let\sl\it +\let\slfamily\itfamily +\let\textsl\textit +%\def\ttdefault{cmtt} +\def\ttdefault{lmtt} +% +% various sorts of names +\newcommand*{\pkgname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% package name +\newcommand*{\optname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% (package,class) option name +\newcommand*{\cmdname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% command name +\newcommand*{\colname}[1]{\emph{#1}}% collection name +\newcommand*{\dirname}[1]{\path{#1}}% directory name +\newcommand*{\filename}[1]{\path{#1}}% file name +\newcommand*{\envname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% environment variable name +\newcommand{\code}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\file}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\prog}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\samp}[1]{`\texttt{#1}'} +\newcommand{\var}[1]{\emph{#1}} +\newcommand{\ttvar}[1]{\texttt{\var{#1}}} +% +% underlined command input. +\def\Ucom#1{% + \uline{\rule[-.2\baselineskip]{0pt}{.9\baselineskip}\ttfamily #1}} +\def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{\path{#1}}} +% +% GUI menu/button/tab sequence: +\def\guiseq#1{\textsf{#1}} +\def\arw{\unskip$\rightarrow$\ignorespaces} +% +% Special names. +\def\dpi{$\,$dpi\xspace} +\def\bs{{\protect\normalfont\ttfamily\char'134}} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\cs}[1]{{\normalfont\ttfamily\char`\\#1}} +\def\Q#1{\par\vskip6pt\leftline{#1}\par} +\def\hyph{-} +% +% many abbreviations. +\newcommand{\CS}{$\mathcal{C}\kern-.1667em\lower.5ex% + \hbox{$\mathcal{S}$}\kern-.075em $} +\def\AFMtoTFM{\cmdname{AFM2TFM}\null} +\def\bv{\emph{Baskerville}} +\let\BV=\bv +\def\Dash{\unskip\nobreak\thinspace---\thinspace\ignorespaces} +\def\dvicopy{\cmdname{dvicopy}} +\def\dvidvi{\cmdname{dvidvi}} +\def\dvips{\cmdname{dvips}} +\def\eTeX{$\varepsilon$-\TeX} +\def\fpTeX{\textrm{fp}\TeX\xspace} +\def\GFtoDVI{\cmdname{GFtoDVI}\null} +\def\GFtoPK{\cmdname{GFtoPK}\null} +\def\GFtype{\cmdname{GFtype}} +\def\KPS{Kpathsea} +\def\La{La} +\def\OMEGA{$\Omega$} +\def\OzMF{OzMF} +\def\OzMP{OzMP} +\def\OzTeX{O\kern-.03em z\kern-.15em\TeX} +\def\PKtype{\cmdname{PKtype}} +\def\PLtoTF{\cmdname{PLtoTF}\null} +\def\teTeX{\textrm{te}\TeX\xspace} +\def\TeXLive{\TeX{} Live\xspace} +\def\TFtoPL{\cmdname{TFtoPL}\null} +\def\TK{\textsf{\TeX-Collection}} +\def\TypeI{Type~1} +\def\VFtoVP{\cmdname{VFtoVP}\null} +\def\VPtoVF{\cmdname{VPtoVF}\null} +\def\XEmTeX{\textrm{XEm}\TeX\xspace} +\def\XEmacs{\textrm{XEmacs}\xspace} +\def\Webc{Web2C} +\providecommand*{\CD}{\acro{CD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\CTAN}{\acro{CTAN}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\DVD}{\acro{DVD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\HTML}{\acro{HTML}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\MacOSX}{Mac\,\acro{OS\,X}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\PS}{Post\-Script\xspace} +\providecommand*{\TDS}{\acro{TDS}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\dvi}{\acro{DVI}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\web}{\texttt{web}\xspace} +% +% description-like environment that uses tt instead of bf, and doesn't +% go to the left margin. Without the \hfil, get an underfull box. +% Don't why \descriptionlabel doesn't. +\newenvironment{ttdescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt % these lists tend to have short descriptions + \let\makelabel=\ttdescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\ttdescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\ttfamily #1\hfil} +% +% Likewise, for commands using sans serif. +\newenvironment{cmddescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt + \let\makelabel=\cmddescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\cmddescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\sffamily #1\hfil} +% +\newsavebox{\wbox} +\newenvironment{warningbox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\wbox} + \begin{minipage}{.95\textwidth}} + {\end{minipage}\end{lrbox}\fbox{\usebox{\wbox}}} +% +% lrbox is used as a representation marking. I changed it to +% lrBox in tne source file, to get closer to logical marking +\newsavebox{\mylrbox} +\newenvironment{lrBox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\mylrbox}} + {\end{lrbox}} +% +% +% output setup +% +\newif\ifSingleColumn +\providecommand{\Status}{0} +%\typeout{Status is \Status} +% +% By default, we won't be creating hyperlinks. +\def\href#1#2{#2} +\def\hypertarget#1#2{} +\def\email#1{\href{mailto:#1}{\path{#1}}} % \path comes from url +% +% +\ifcase\Status + % \Status = 0 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation for printing} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 1 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in PDF format} + \RequirePackage[colorlinks,bookmarksopen, + pdfstartview={FitBH -320000},hyperindex]{hyperref} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 2 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in HTML format} + \RequirePackage[latex4ht]{tex4ht} + \or + % \Status = 3 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a Baskerville issue} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \RequirePackage{bvoutln}% outline of baskerville + \RequirePackage{multicol} + \SingleColumnfalse + \or + % \Status = 4 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a TUB article} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \SingleColumnfalse + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} +\fi +% +\ifnum \Status=4 +\else + \RequirePackage{texnames} + \providecommand\TeXXeT{\TeX-{}-% + \kern-.1emX\kern-.125em\lower.5ex\hbox{E}\kern-.1667emT\@} +\fi +% +% hacking at sections etc., to pay attention to baskerville status +\newcommand{\@condend@multicols}{% + \ifSingleColumn + \else + \def\@tempa{multicols}% + \ifx\@tempa\@currenvir + \end{multicols}% + \fi + \fi +} +\let\Section\section +\renewcommand{\section}{% + \@ifstar + {\Section*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@section + }% +} +\def\@full@section[#1]#2{% + \Section[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} +\let\SubSection\subsection +\renewcommand{\subsection}{% + \@ifstar{\SubSection*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@subsection + } +} +\def\@full@subsection[#1]#2{% + \SubSection[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} + +% calm things down a bit if we're in a multiple-column version +\ifSingleColumn +\else + \def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini + \parsep \z@ + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \let\@listi\@listI + \@listi + \def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii + \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii + \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 1\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \partopsep \z@ + \itemsep \topsep + } + \def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv + \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv + \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi + \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } +\fi +% +% array package stuff +\def\arraybackslash{\let\\=\@arraycr} +\newcolumntype{P}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}} +% +% shaded rows (using facilities of colortbl) +% +\definecolor{pale}{gray}{.9} +\newcount\colrow +\gdef\RowColor{pale} +\def\SetRowColor{% + \rowcolor{\RowColor}% + \global\advance\colrow by1\relax + \ifodd\colrow + \gdef\RowColor{pale}% + \else + \gdef\RowColor{white}% + \fi +} +% redefine to hack up a reference even though we don't need it... +\renewcommand\@bibitem[1]{\if@filesw \immediate\write\@auxout + {\string\bibcite{#1}{?}}\fi\ignorespaces} +% +% \unknownTeXlive is a dummy texlive entry for the biblio +\newcommand\unknownTeXlive[2][\relax]{\textbf{\textsc{unknown}}% + \global\@all@unknown\expandafter{\the\@all@unknown{#2}}% +} +\newtoks\@all@unknown +\global\@all@unknown{} +\AtEndDocument{\@message@unknowns} +\def\@message@unknowns{\edef\@tempa{\the\@all@unknown}% + \ifx\@tempa\@empty + \else + \def\@tempa{*** TeX live package location of }% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns\the\@all@unknown\@empty + \fi +} +\def\@output@unknowns#1{\edef\@tempb{#1}% + \ifx\@tempb\@empty + \typeout{ unknown}% + \else + \message{\@tempa#1,}% + \def\@tempa{}% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns + \fi +} +% +% a hack for the bibliography +\bibliographystyle{tex-live} +\newif\iffirstbibentry +\global\firstbibentrytrue +\let\@@bibitem\bibitem +\renewcommand\bibitem{\iffirstbibentry + \global\firstbibentryfalse + \else + \\\SetRowColor + \fi + \@@bibitem +} + + +% for \Dings +\RequirePackage{pifont} +% available for inter-article dinglines +\def\Dings{\nopagebreak{\footnotesize\dingline{167}}} + +\endinput diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.sty-2004 b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.sty-2004 new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a7efdd3a87d --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/tex-live.sty-2004 @@ -0,0 +1,422 @@ +% $Id: //depot/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/tex-live.sty#10 $ $Author: karl $ $Date: 2004/11/27 $ +% TeX Live documentation style. Written by many people over many years. +% Public domain. +% +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01] +\ProvidesPackage{tex-live}[2004/11/07 v1.0 TeX Live documentation style] +% +\RequirePackage{alltt} +\RequirePackage{array} +\RequirePackage{colortbl} +\RequirePackage{comment} +\RequirePackage{graphicx} +\RequirePackage{here} +\RequirePackage{longtable} +\RequirePackage{shortvrb} +\RequirePackage[normalem]{ulem} +\RequirePackage[obeyspaces]{url} +\RequirePackage{xspace} +% +\RequirePackage{lmodern} +\usepackage{textcomp}% including \textbullet +\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} +\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} +% +% for a proper \acro command (even in the context of the definition in +% ltugboat -- \DRC overrides without checking) +\RequirePackage{relsize} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\acro}[1]{\textsmaller{#1}\@} +% +\RequirePackage{fancyvrb} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{fverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\footnotesize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{sverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\small} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{boxedverbatim} + {Verbatim}{fontsize=\scriptsize,frame=single} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{Verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\def\verbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\boxedverbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[frame=single,fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\listinginput#1#2{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize,firstnumber=#1,numbers=left]{#2}} +\MakeShortVerb\| +% +% +% Done with packages. +% +% Page layout. +\advance\textwidth by 1.1in +\advance\oddsidemargin by -.55in +\advance\evensidemargin by -.55in +% +\advance\textheight by 1in +\advance\topmargin by -.5in +\advance\footskip by -.5in +\pagestyle{headings} +% +% LaTeX parameters. +\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.85} +\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.86} +\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.1} +\renewcommand{\belowcaptionskip}{4pt} +\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} +\setcounter{topnumber}{5} +\setcounter{totalnumber}{5} +% +% linebreaking, etc. +\hbadness=4000 +\vbadness=4000 +\emergencystretch=.1\hsize +\relpenalty=500 +% +\def\slash{/\penalty\z@\hskip\z@skip } +% +% various sorts of names +\newcommand*{\pkgname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% package name +\newcommand*{\optname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% (package,class) option name +\newcommand*{\cmdname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% command name +\newcommand*{\colname}[1]{\emph{#1}}% collection name +\newcommand*{\dirname}[1]{\path{#1}}% directory name +\newcommand*{\filename}[1]{\path{#1}}% file name +\newcommand*{\envname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% environment variable name +\newcommand{\code}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\file}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\prog}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\samp}[1]{`\texttt{#1}'} +\newcommand{\var}[1]{{\sl #1}}% not \textsl, for roman not typewriter slanted. +\newcommand{\ttvar}[1]{\texttt{\var{#1}}} +% +% underlined command input. +\def\Ucom#1{% + \uline{\rule[-.2\baselineskip]{0pt}{.9\baselineskip}\ttfamily #1}} +% +% \CDref is for url's with a #, where we need to write the target url and +% displayed url separately in the input, due to catcode madness. +% (We could simplify/remove this next time, I think.) +\def\CDref#1#2{\texttt{#1}} +% +% \OnCD is currently for any other reference to a file or directory in +% the distribution. PDF readers only open .pdf files, though, so we +% should change this to only use \href for those. Or more likely use +% different macros in the source. +\def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{\path{#1}}} +% +% \href incorrectly appends .pdf to anything without an extension; these +% definitions using \hyper@linkurl do not, but they fail for .pdf +% references -- which are the only ones that work anyway. So this is +% useless, in practice. +%\def\CDref#1#2{\hyper@linkurl{#2}{../../../../#1}} +%\def\OnCD#1{\hyper@linkurl{\path{#1}}{../../../../#1}} + +% GUI menu/button/tab sequence: +\def\guiseq#1{\textsf{#1}} +\def\arw{\unskip$\rightarrow$\ignorespaces} +% +% Special names. +\def\dpi{$\,$dpi\xspace} +\def\bs{{\protect\normalfont\ttfamily\char'134}} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\cs}[1]{{\normalfont\ttfamily\char`\\#1}} +\def\Q#1{\par\vskip6pt\leftline{#1}\par} +\def\hyph{-} +% +% many abbreviations. +\newcommand{\CS}{$\mathcal{C}\kern-.1667em\lower.5ex% + \hbox{$\mathcal{S}$}\kern-.075em $} +\def\AFMtoTFM{\cmdname{AFM2TFM}\null} +\def\bv{\emph{Baskerville}} +\let\BV=\bv +\def\Dash{\unskip\nobreak\thinspace---\thinspace\ignorespaces} +\def\dvicopy{\cmdname{dvicopy}} +\def\dvidvi{\cmdname{dvidvi}} +\def\dvips{\cmdname{dvips}} +\def\eTeX{$\varepsilon$-\TeX} +\def\fpTeX{\textrm{fp}\TeX\xspace} +\def\GFtoDVI{\cmdname{GFtoDVI}\null} +\def\GFtoPK{\cmdname{GFtoPK}\null} +\def\GFtype{\cmdname{GFtype}} +\def\KPS{Kpathsea} +\def\La{La} +\def\OMEGA{$\Omega$} +\def\OzMF{OzMF} +\def\OzMP{OzMP} +\def\OzTeX{O\kern-.03em z\kern-.15em\TeX} +\def\p.{p.\,} +\def\PKtype{\cmdname{PKtype}} +\def\PLtoTF{\cmdname{PLtoTF}\null} +\def\ProTeXt{Pro\TeX t} +\def\teTeX{\textrm{te}\TeX\xspace} +\def\TeXLive{\TeX{} Live\xspace} +\def\TFtoPL{\cmdname{TFtoPL}\null} +\def\TK{\textsf{\TeX-Collection}} +\let\TL=\TeXLive +\def\TypeI{Type~1} +\def\VFtoVP{\cmdname{VFtoVP}\null} +\def\VPtoVF{\cmdname{VPtoVF}\null} +\def\Thanh{H\`an~Th\^e\llap{\raise 0.5ex\hbox{\'{}}}~Th\`anh} +\def\XEmTeX{\textrm{XEm}\TeX\xspace} +\def\XEmacs{\textrm{XEmacs}\xspace} +\def\Webc{Web2C} +\providecommand*{\CD}{\acro{CD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\CTAN}{\acro{CTAN}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\DVD}{\acro{DVD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\HTML}{\acro{HTML}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\MacOSX}{Mac\,\acro{OS\,X}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\PS}{Post\-Script\xspace} +\providecommand*{\TDS}{\acro{TDS}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\dvi}{\acro{DVI}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\web}{\texttt{web}\xspace} + +% Include an image. +% #1 - name of image (pictures/#1.jpg, always .jpg please) +% #2 - bb for html +% #3 - width for TeX +% +\def\tlimage#1#2#3{% + \ifnum \Status=2 % html, want relative path in output + \includegraphics[#2]{../../general/texlive-common/pictures/#1.jpg} + \else % not html, handled by TEXINPUTS in Makefile + \includegraphics[width=#3]{pictures/#1.jpg} + \fi + \\[5mm] +} +% +% description-like environment that uses tt instead of bf, and doesn't +% go to the left margin. Without the \hfil, get an underfull box. +% Don't know why \descriptionlabel doesn't. +% +\newenvironment{ttdescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt % these lists tend to have short descriptions + \parindent=0pt + \let\makelabel=\ttdescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\ttdescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\ttfamily #1\hfil} +% +% Likewise, for commands using sans serif. +\newenvironment{cmddescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt + \let\makelabel=\cmddescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\cmddescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\sffamily #1\hfil} + +% General squeezed itemize. +\newenvironment{itemize*}% + {\begin{itemize}% + \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}% + \setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}% + {\end{itemize}} + +\newsavebox{\wbox} +\newenvironment{warningbox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\wbox} + \begin{minipage}{.95\textwidth}} + {\end{minipage}\end{lrbox}\fbox{\usebox{\wbox}}} +% +% lrbox is used as a representation marking. I changed it to +% lrBox in tne source file, to get closer to logical marking +\newsavebox{\mylrbox} +\newenvironment{lrBox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\mylrbox}} + {\end{lrbox}} + + +% emacs-page output setup +% +\newif\ifSingleColumn +\providecommand{\Status}{0} +%\typeout{Status is \Status} +% +% By default, we won't be creating hyperlinks. +\def\href#1#2{#2} +\def\hypertarget#1#2{} +\def\email#1{\href{mailto:#1}{\path{#1}}} % \path comes from url +% +\definecolor{hypercolor}{rgb}{0.5,0.0,0.5} % purplish external links. +% +% +\ifcase\Status + % \Status = 0 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in DVI format} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 1 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in PDF format} + \RequirePackage[breaklinks, + colorlinks,linkcolor=hypercolor,citecolor=hypercolor, + pagecolor=hypercolor,urlcolor=hypercolor, + filecolor=hypercolor, + bookmarksopen,pdfstartview={FitBH -320000},hyperindex] + {hyperref} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 2 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in HTML format} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + % read our config file, live4ht.cfg; q.v., for more definitions. + % hyperref load must come after the tex4ht load. + \RequirePackage[live4ht]{tex4ht} + \RequirePackage[tex4ht]{hyperref} \hyperlinkfileprefix{} + % definitions need simplifying for TeX4ht to make relative paths work. + \def\CDref#1#2{\href{../../../../#1}{#2}} + \def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{#1}} + \or + % \Status = 3 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a Baskerville issue} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \RequirePackage{bvoutln}% outline of baskerville + \SingleColumnfalse + \RequirePackage{multicol} + \or + % \Status = 4 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a TUB article} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \SingleColumnfalse + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} +\fi +% +\ifnum \Status=4 +\else + \RequirePackage{texnames} + \providecommand\TeXXeT{\TeX-{}-% + \kern-.1emX\kern-.125em\lower.5ex\hbox{E}\kern-.1667emT\@} + \def\MP{MetaPost} + \let\mf\MF + \newcommand\ConTeXt{C\kern-.0333emon\-\kern-.0667em\TeX\kern-.0333emt} + \newcommand\MIKTEX{MiK\kern-.025em \TeX}% per www.miktex.org + % from pictex.tex: + \ifx\PiC\undefined \def\PiC{P\kern-.12em\lower.5ex\hbox{I}\kern-.075emC} \fi + \ifx\PiCTeX\undefined \def\PiCTeX{\PiC\kern-.11em\TeX} \fi +\fi +% +% hacking at sections etc., to pay attention to baskerville status +\newcommand{\@condend@multicols}{% + \ifSingleColumn + \else + \def\@tempa{multicols}% + \ifx\@tempa\@currenvir + \end{multicols}% + \fi + \fi +} +\let\Section\section +\renewcommand{\section}{% + \@ifstar + {\Section*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@section + }% +} +\def\@full@section[#1]#2{% + \Section[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} +\let\SubSection\subsection +\renewcommand{\subsection}{% + \@ifstar{\SubSection*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@subsection + } +} +\def\@full@subsection[#1]#2{% + \SubSection[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} + +% calm things down a bit if we're in a multiple-column version +\ifSingleColumn +\else + \def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini + \parsep \z@ + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \let\@listi\@listI + \@listi + \def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii + \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii + \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 1\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \partopsep \z@ + \itemsep \topsep + } + \def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv + \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv + \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi + \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } +\fi +% +% array package stuff +\def\arraybackslash{\let\\=\@arraycr} +\newcolumntype{P}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}} +% +% shaded rows (using facilities of colortbl) +% +\definecolor{pale}{gray}{.9} +\newcount\colrow +\gdef\RowColor{pale} +\def\SetRowColor{% + \rowcolor{\RowColor}% + \global\advance\colrow by1\relax + \ifodd\colrow + \gdef\RowColor{pale}% + \else + \gdef\RowColor{white}% + \fi +} +% redefine to hack up a reference even though we don't need it... +\renewcommand\@bibitem[1]{\if@filesw \immediate\write\@auxout + {\string\bibcite{#1}{?}}\fi\ignorespaces} +% +% \unknownTeXlive is a dummy texlive entry for the biblio +\newcommand\unknownTeXlive[2][\relax]{\textbf{\textsc{unknown}}% + \global\@all@unknown\expandafter{\the\@all@unknown{#2}}% +} +\newtoks\@all@unknown +\global\@all@unknown{} +\AtEndDocument{\@message@unknowns} +\def\@message@unknowns{\edef\@tempa{\the\@all@unknown}% + \ifx\@tempa\@empty + \else + \def\@tempa{*** TeX live package location of }% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns\the\@all@unknown\@empty + \fi +} +\def\@output@unknowns#1{\edef\@tempb{#1}% + \ifx\@tempb\@empty + \typeout{ unknown}% + \else + \message{\@tempa#1,}% + \def\@tempa{}% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns + \fi +} + + +% Silence font warnings about no bold typewriter in LM. +\def\@font@warning#1{}% + +% Silence hyperref warnings about \kern. +\def\HyPsd@Warning#1{}% + +\endinput diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/texlive.pl b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/texlive.pl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..33a19a801d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/archive/texlive.pl @@ -0,0 +1,574 @@ +$texlive{"a0poster"}="latex3"; 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Originally written by Sebastian Rahtz and +% Michel Goossens, now maintained by Karl Berry and others. +% Public domain. +% +\documentclass{article} +\let\tldocenglish=1 % for live4ht.cfg +\usepackage{tex-live} +\begin{document} + +\title{% + {\huge \textit{The \protect\TL{} Guide}\\\strut} + {\LARGE \textsf{\TK{} 2005}} +} + +\author{Sebastian Rahtz \& Karl Berry, editors \\[3mm] + \url{http://tug.org/texlive/} + } + +\date{October 2005} + +\maketitle + +\begin{multicols}{2} +\tableofcontents +\listoftables +\end{multicols} + +\section{Introduction} +\label{sec:intro} + +This document describes the main features of the \TL{} software +distribution\Dash \TeX{} and friends for \acro{GNU}/Linux and other Unix +flavors, \MacOSX, and (32-bit) Windows systems. (Warning: it is not +especially useful for older Mac or \acro{MS-DOS} systems.) + +\TL{} includes executables for \TeX{}, \LaTeXe{}, \ConTeXt, \MF, \MP, +\BibTeX{} and many other programs; an extensive collection of macros, +fonts and documentation; and support for typesetting in many different +scripts from around the world. It is part of the even larger \TK{} +(briefly described below in section~\ref{sec:struct-tl}, +\p.\pageref{sec:struct-tl}). Both are cooperative efforts by the \TeX\ +user groups. + +For newer versions of the packages included here, please check +\acro{CTAN}: \url{http://www.ctan.org}. + +For a brief summary of the major changes in this edition of \TL{}, +see the end of the document, section~\ref{sec:history} +(\p.\pageref{sec:history}). + + +\subsection{Basic usage of \protect\TL{}} +\label{sec:basic} + +You can use \TL{} in three principal ways: + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item You can run \TL{} directly from the \pkgname{live} \DVD +(see section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, \p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). +This takes almost no disk space, and gives you immediate access to +everything in \TL{}. Of course performance will be worse than running +on local disk, but you may well find it useful. + +\item You can install all or part of \TL{} to a local disk, from either +the \DVD\ or the \pkgname{inst} \acro{CD}. This is the most common use +of \TL. You will need (approximately) 100 megabytes for the most +minimal system, and upwards of 1.3 gigabytes for a full system. + +\item You can integrate a particular package or collection into your +existing \TeX{} system, either a \TL{} system you installed +earlier, or a different system. + +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent All of these are described in detail in the \acro{OS}-specific +installation sections following, but here is a quick start: + +\begin{itemize*} + +\item The main installation script for Unix and \MacOSX{} is +\texttt{install-tl.sh}. + +\item The single package installation script is \texttt{install-pkg.sh}. + +\item The installation program for Windows is \texttt{tlpmgui.exe}. +It can be used also for adding or removing the packages. +See section~\ref{sec:win-install} below for more information. + +\end{itemize*} + + +\subsection{Getting help} +\label{sec:help} + +The \TeX{} community is both active and friendly, and virtually all +serious questions end up getting answered. However, the support is +informal, done by volunteers and casual readers, so it's especially +important that you do your homework before asking. (If you prefer +guaranteed commercial support, you can forego \TL{} completely and +purchase a vendor's system; \url{http://tug.org/interest.html#vendors} +has a list.) + +Here is a list of resources, approximately in the order we recommend +using them: + +\begin{description} +\item [Getting Started] If you are new to \TeX, the web page +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html} gives a brief introduction to the system. + +\item [\TeX{} \acro{FAQ}] The \TeX{} \acro{FAQ} is a huge compendium of +answers to all sorts of questions, from the most basic to the most +arcane. It is included on \TL{} in \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en}, and is +available on the Internet through \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq}. +Please check here first. + +\item [\TeX{} Catalogue] If you are looking for a specific package, +font, program, etc., the \TeX{} Catalogue is the place to look. It is a +huge collection of all \TeX{}-related items. See +\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/catalogue}, or +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue}. + +\item [\TeX{} Web Resources] The web page +\url{http://tug.org/interest.html} has many \TeX{}-related links, in +particular for numerous books, manuals, and articles on all aspects of +the system. + +\item [support archives] The two principal support forums are the +Usenet newsgroup \url{news:comp.text.tex} and the mailing list +\email{texhax@tug.org}. Their archives have years of past +questions and answers for your searching pleasure, via +\url{http://groups.google.com/groups?group=comp.text.tex} and +\url{http://tug.org/mail-archives/texhax}, respectively. And a general web +search, for example on \url{http://google.com}, never hurts. + +\item [asking questions] If you cannot find an answer, you can post to +\dirname{comp.text.tex} through Google or your newsreader, or to +\email{texhax@tug.org} through email. But before you post, +\emph{please} read this \acro{FAQ} entry on asking questions in such a +way that you're most likely to get an answer: +\url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=askquestion}. + +\item [\TL{} support] If you want to report a bug or have +suggestions or comments on the \TL{} distribution, installation, or +documentation, the mailing list is \email{tex-live@tug.org}. However, +if your question is about how to use a particular program included in +\TL{}, you are better off writing to that program's maintainer or +mailing list. + +\end{description} + +The other side of the coin is helping others who have questions. Both +\dirname{comp.text.tex} and \code{texhax} are open to anyone, so feel +free to join, start reading, and help out where you can. Welcome to +\TeX{}! + + +% don't use \TL so the \uppercase in the headline works. Also so +% tex4ht ends up with the right TeX. Likewise the \protect's. +\section{Structure of \protect\TeX\protect\ Live} +\label{sec:struct-tl} + +This section describes the structure and contents of \TL{} and the +\TK{} of which it is a part. + +\subsection{Multiple distributions: \protect\pkgname{live}, + \protect\pkgname{inst}, + \protect\pkgname{protext}} +\label{sec:multiple-dist} + +Space limitations of \acro{CD-ROM} format have forced us to divide +\TK{} into several distributions, as follows. + +\begin{description} + +\item [live] A complete system on \acro{DVD}; it is too large +for \acro{CD}. It can be run live or installed to disk. It also +includes a snapshot of the \CTAN{} repository, the \pkgname{protext} +distribution for Windows and the Mac\TeX\ distribution for \MacOSX, entirely +independent of \TL{}, as well as assorted other packages in a +\texttt{texmf-extra} directory. + +\CTAN{}, \pkgname{protext}, Mac\TeX, and \texttt{texmf-extra} do not follow +the same copying conditions as \TL{}, so be careful when redistributing or +modifying. + +\item [inst(allable)] A complete system on \CD; in order to make this fit, +the packages and programs are compressed. Therefore, it is not possible +to run \TeX\ directly from the installable \CD, you have to install it +to disk (hence its name). Installation is described in subsequent sections. + +\item [protext] An enhancement of the \MIKTEX\ distribution for Windows, +\ProTeXt\ adds a few extra tools to \MIKTEX, and simplifies +installation. It is entirely independent of \TL{}, and has its own +installation instructions. It can be run live, or installed to disk. +The \ProTeXt\ home page is \url{http://tug.org/protext}. + +\ProTeXt\ is provided as both the top level of the \pkgname{live} \DVD\ +and on its own \CD\ (for those who cannot use the \DVD). + +\end{description} + +\noindent You can tell which type of distribution you're in by looking +for a \texttt{00\var{type}.TL} file at the top of the \TL{} directory. +This file also contains the \TL{} release date. + +Naturally, each user group chooses what to distribute, at its own +discretion. (\acro{TUG} is sending all three discs above to all of its +members.) + + +\subsection{Top level directories} +\label{sec:tld} + +Here is a brief listing and description of the top level directories in +the \TL{} distribution. On the \pkgname{live} \DVD, the entire \TL{} +hierarchy is in a subdirectory \dirname{texlive2005}, not at the top +level of the disc. + +\smallskip +\begingroup + \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} % open up interrow spacing +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}lp{.78\hsize}} +bin & The \TeX{} system programs, arranged by platform. \\ +source & The source of all programs, including the main \Webc{} + \TeX{} and \MF{} distributions. These are stored in a + \cmdname{bzip2}-compressed tar archive. \\ +support & Assorted auxiliary packages and programs. These are + \emph{not} installed automatically. This includes + assorted editors and \TeX\ shells. \\ +texmf & Tree for the programs, along with their support files and + documentation. Does not include \TeX\ formats and packages. + (\texttt{TEXMFMAIN} in the next section.) \\ +texmf-dist & The main tree of formats and packages. + (\texttt{TEXMFDIST} in the next section.) \\ +texmf-doc & Tree for self-contained pure documentation, arranged by + language. \\ +texmf-var & Tree for files automatically generated and stored. + (\texttt{TEXMFSYSVAR} in the next section.) \\ +xemtex & Tree for supporting programs used only in Windows. + These programs generally come pre-installed on Unix systems, or are + at least easy to compile. \\ +\end{tabular} +\endgroup + +\smallskip + +In addition to the directories above, the installation scripts and +\filename{README} files (in various languages) are at the top level of +the distribution. + +The \dirname{texmf-doc} directory contains only documentation, but +it does not contain all the documentation. The documentation for the +programs (manuals, man pages, Info files) is in \dirname{texmf/doc}, +since the programs are in \dirname{texmf}. Similarly, the documentation +for \TeX\ packages and formats is in \dirname{texmf-dist/doc}. You can +use the \cmdname{texdoc} or \cmdname{texdoctk} programs to find any +documentation wherever it's located. The comprehensive links in the +top-level file \OnCD{doc.html} may also be helpful. + + +\subsection{Overview of the predefined texmf trees} +\label{sec:texmftrees} + +This section lists all predefined variables specifying texmf trees used +by the system, and their intended purpose. The command \texttt{texconfig +conf} shows you the values of these variables, so that you can easily +find out how they map to directory names in your installation. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXMFMAIN] The tree which holds vital parts of the system + such as helper scripts (e.g., \verb+web2c/mktexdir+), pool files and + other support files. +\item [TEXMFDIST] The tree which holds the main set of macro packages, + fonts, etc., as originally distributed. +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] The tree which administrators can use for system-wide + installation of additional or updated macros, fonts, etc. +\item [TEXMFHOME] The tree which users can use for their own individual + installations of additional or updated macros, fonts, etc. + The expansion of this variable depends on \verb+$HOME+ by default, % $ + which dynamically adjusts for each user to an individual + directory. +\item [TEXMFCONFIG] The tree used by te\TeX's utilities + \verb+texconfig+, \verb+updmap+, and \verb+fmtutil+ to store modified + configuration data. Under \verb+$HOME+ by default. %$ +\item [TEXMFSYSCONFIG] The tree used by te\TeX's utilities + \verb+texconfig-sys+, \verb+updmap-sys+, and \verb+fmtutil-sys+ to + store modified configuration data. +\item [TEXMFVAR] The tree used by \verb+texconfig+, \verb+updmap+ and + \verb+fmtutil+ to store (cached) runtime data such as format files and + generated map files. Under \verb+$HOME+ by default. %$ +\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] The tree used by \verb+texconfig-sys+, + \verb+updmap-sys+ and \verb+fmtutil-sys+ to store (cached) runtime + data such as format files and generated map files. +\end{ttdescription} + +For more discussion of \texttt{texconfig} and related utilities, please +see section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}. + + +\subsection{Extensions to \protect\TeX} +\label{sec:tex-extensions} + +\TL{} contains several extended versions of \TeX: + +\begin{description} + +\item [\eTeX] adds a small but powerful set of new primitives +\label{text:etex} (related to macro expansion, character scanning, +classes of marks, additional debugging features, and more) and the +\TeXXeT{} extensions for bidirectional typesetting. In default mode, +\eTeX{} is 100\% compatible with ordinary \TeX. See +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/etex_man.pdf}. + +\item [pdf\TeX] writes Acrobat \acro{PDF} format as well as \dvi{}. The +\LaTeX{} \pkgname{hyperref} package has an option `\optname{pdftex}' +which turns on all the program features. See +\OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/} for the manual, and +\OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/samplepdf/samplepdf.tex}. + +\item [pdfe\TeX] combines the pdf\TeX\ and \eTeX\ extensions. This is +the default program for all formats except plain \TeX. +See above for documentation. + +\item [\OMEGA\ (Omega)] is based on Unicode (16-bit characters), thus +supports working with almost all the world's scripts simultaneously. It +also supports so-called `\OMEGA{} Translation Processes' (\acro{OTP}s), +for performing complex transformations on arbitrary input. See +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/omega/base/doc-1.8.tex} (not completely up-to-date). + +\item [Aleph] combines the \OMEGA\ and \eTeX\ extensions. +See \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base} for some minimal documentation. + +\end{description} + + +\subsection{Other notable programs in \protect\TL} + +Here are a few other commonly-used programs included in \TL{}: + +\begin{cmddescription} + +\item [bibtex] bibliography support. + +\item [makeindex] index support. + +\item [dvips] convert \dvi{} to \PS{}. + +\item [xdvi] \dvi{} previewer for the X Window System. + +\item [dvilj] \dvi{} drive for the HP LaserJet family. + +\item [dv2dt, dt2dv] convert \dvi{} to/from plain text. + +\item [dviconcat, dviselect] cut and paste pages +from \dvi{} files. + +\item [dvipdfmx] convert \dvi{} to \acro{PDF}, an alternative approach +to pdf\TeX\ (mentioned above). See the \pkgname{ps4pdf} and +\pkgname{pdftricks} packages for still more alternatives. + +\item [psselect, psnup, \ldots] \PS{} +utilities. + +\item [lacheck] \LaTeX{} syntax checker. + +\item [texexec] Con\TeX{}t and \acro{PDF} processor. + +\item [tex4ht] \TeX{} to \acro{HTML} converter. + +\end{cmddescription} + + +\section{Unix installation} +\label{sec:unix-install} + +As introduced in section~\ref{sec:basic} (\p.\pageref{sec:basic}), +\TL{} has three principal uses: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Run directly from media. +\item Install to disk. +\item Integrate a particular package or collection into your existing +\TeX{} installation. +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent The following sections describes the Unix-specific procedures +for each of these. + +\ifSingleColumn \begin{figure}[ht]\noindent \fi +\begin{warningbox} +\textbf{Warning: } The \TK{} \CD{}s and \DVD{} are in ISO 9660 (High Sierra) +format, \emph{with} Rock Ridge (and Joliet, for Windows) +extensions. Therefore, in order to take full advantage of the \TK{} +under Unix, your system needs to be able to use the Rock Ridge +extensions. Please consult the documentation for your \cmdname{mount} +command to see how to do this. If you have several different machines +on a local network, you may be able to mount the discs on one which +does support Rock Ridge, and use this with the others. + +\leavevmode\quad Modern systems should be able to use the discs without +problems. If troubles, let us know. The discussion below assumes you +have been able to mount the \CD{}s with full Rock Ridge compatibility. +\end{warningbox} +\ifSingleColumn\end{figure}\fi + + +% +\subsection{Running \protect\TL{} directly from media (Unix)} + +\def\runlive{% text repeated in windows section +It is possible to use the \TeX{} system directly from the \pkgname{live} +\DVD{}, without installing the distribution to disk. (Thus the name +\TeX\ `Live', in fact.) It is \emph{not} possible to run \TeX{} +directly from the other \CD{}s (see section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, +\p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). +} + +\def\startinst{% repeated in other subsections +To start, you mount the \CD{} or \DVD{}, with Rock Ridge extensions +enabled. The exact command to do this varies from system to system; the +following works under Linux, except the name of the device +(\filename{/dev/cdrom}, here) may vary. (All our examples will use +\texttt{>} as the shell prompt; user input is +\Ucom{\texttt{underlined}}.) +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Change the current directory to the mount point: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Under \MacOSX, the directory is typically under +\dirname{/Volumes}, and the media will be mounted automatically. +} + +\def\installtlsh{ +Run the installation script \filename{install-tl.sh}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh}\\ +Welcome to TeX Live... +\end{alltt} + +\noindent After various greeting messages and a list of the main menu +options, the installation will ask you to enter a command. Do this by +typing the desired character and hitting return; don't type the angle +brackets shown. Either uppercase or lowercase is ok; we'll use +lowercase in our examples. +} + +\runlive +\startinst +\installtlsh + +For running live, our first command will be \Ucom{d} and then the +subcommand \Ucom{1} to set directories. Even in this case, we must +choose a directory on the local disk to place files that the \TeX{} +system itself generates, such as fonts and formats, and also to provide +a place for updated configuration files, if need be. + +We'll use \dirname{/opt/texlive2005} in this example. It's good to +include the year in the name, as these generated files are not +compatible from release to release. (If the default value of +\dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005} works for you, then you can skip this +step.) + +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{d} +Current directories setup: +<1> TEXDIR: /usr/local/texlive/2005 +... +Enter command: \Ucom{1} +New value for TEXDIR [/usr/local/texlive/TeX]: \Ucom{/opt/texlive2005} +... +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Back at the main menu, our second and last command is +\Ucom{r}, to set up for running live off the media without installing +to disk: +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +Preparing destination directories... +... +Welcome to TeX Live! +> +\end{alltt} + +\noindent And we are back at the system prompt, as shown. + +Next, it is necessary to alter two environment variables: +\envname{PATH}, to an architecture-dependent value (so that we can run +the programs), and \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR}, to the value specified above. +See table~\ref{tab:archlist} for a list of the architecture names for +the different systems. + + +\def\textruntexconfig{% +After the main installation has completed, and environment variables +have been set, the last step is to run \cmdname{texconfig} or +\cmdname{texconfig-sys} to customize your installation to your needs. +This is explained in section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, +\p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}. +} +\textruntexconfig + +\begin{table*}[ht] +\caption[Supported system architectures.]{Supported system +architectures.} +\label{tab:archlist} +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll} +alpha-linux & HP Alpha GNU/Linux \\ +%alphaev5-osf4.0d & HP Alphaev5 OSF \\ +%hppa2.0-hpux10.20 & HP9000 HPUX 10.20 \\ +i386-darwin & Intel x86 \MacOSX \\ +i386-freebsd & Intel x86 FreeBSD \\ +i386-linux & Intel x86 GNU/Linux \\ +%i386-openbsd3.3 & Intel x86 OpenBSD \\ +%i386-solaris2.8 & Intel x86 Solaris \\ +mips-irix & SGI IRIX \\ +powerpc-aix & IBM RS/6000 AIX \\ +powerpc-darwin & PowerPC \MacOSX \\ +sparc-linux & Sun Sparc GNU/Linux \\ +sparc-solaris & Sun Sparc Solaris \\ +win32 & Windows (32-bit) \\ +x86\_64-linux & Intel x86 64-bit GNU/Linux \\ +\hline +\end{tabular} +\end{table*} + +\label{text:path} +The syntax for setting the environment variables, and the initialization +file to put them in, depends on the shell you use. If you use a +Bourne-compatible shell (\cmdname{sh}, \cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, et +al.), put the following into your \filename{$HOME/.profile} file: +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH; export PATH +TEXMFSYSVAR=/opt/texlive2005/texmf-var; export TEXMFVAR +\end{alltt} + +\noindent For C shell-compatible shells (\cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}), +put the following into your \filename{$HOME/.cshrc} file: +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH +setenv TEXMFSYSVAR /opt/texlive2005/texmf-var +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Then log out, log back in, and test your installation +(see section~\ref{sec:test-install}, \p.\pageref{sec:test-install}). + +\def\textifindoubt{% +If in doubt, please ask any local system gurus to help you with +problems; for example, the way to mount the \TL{} media, which +directory or directories to use, and precise details of the changes to +your personal initialization files can and do vary from site to site. +} +\textifindoubt + + +% +\subsection{Installing \protect\TeX\protect\ Live to disk} +\label{sec:unix-install-disk} + +It is possible, indeed typical, to install the \TL{} distribution to +hard disk. This can be done from either the \pkgname{live} or +\pkgname{inst} distributions. (See section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, +\p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}, for an explanation of the different +distributions.) + +\startinst +\installtlsh + +Table~\ref{tab:main-menu-options} briefly lists the options in the main +menu. The order in which you select the options makes little +difference, except that \Ucom{i} must be last. It's reasonable to go +through them in the order presented here. + +% apparently here.sty [H] doesn't support table*. +\begin{table}[H] +\caption{Main menu options for the installation.} +\label{tab:main-menu-options} +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll} +p & The platform you are running on.\\ +b & The architectures for which to install binaries.\\ +s & The base installation scheme to use (minimal, recommended, + full, etc.)\\ +c & Override the base scheme for individual collections.\\ +l & Override for language collections.\\ +d & Directories in which to install.\\ +o & Other options.\\ +i & Perform the installation.\\ +\end{tabular} +\end{table} + +Here are further details on each option. + +\textbf{\optname{p} -- Current platform.} Since the installation script +automatically guesses which platform you're running on, it is usually +unnecessary to use this option. It's there in case you need to override +the automatic detection. + +\textbf{\optname{b} -- Binary architectures.} By default, only the +binaries for your current platform will be installed. From this menu, +you can select installation of binaries for other architectures as well +(or omit installing the current platform). This can be useful if you are +sharing a \TeX\ tree across a network of heterogenous machines. For a +list of the supported architectures, see table~\ref{tab:archlist}, +\p.\pageref{tab:archlist}. + +\textbf{\optname{s} -- Base installation scheme.} From this menu, you +can choose an overall set of package collections, called a ``scheme''. +The default \optname{full} scheme installs everything available, but you +can also choose the \optname{basic} scheme for a minimal system, or +\optname{medium} to get something in between. There are also specific +sets for Omega and \acro{XML}. + +\textbf{\optname{c} -- Individual collections.} From this menu, you can +override the scheme's set of collections to install. Collections are +one level more detailed than schemes\Dash collections consist of one or +more packages, where packages (the lowest level grouping in \TL) contain +the actual \TeX\ macro files, font families, and so on. In this menu, +selection letters are case-sensitive. + +\textbf{\optname{l} -- Language collections}. This menu has the same +basic purpose as \Ucom{c}, to override the collection set in the chosen +scheme. In this case, the collections are specifically for different +languages. Selection letters are case-sensitive here too. Here is a +list of the language collections in \TL: + +% xx really should generate list from texmf/tpm/collection/tex-lang* +% a la install-tl.sh. +\begin{tabbing} +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \kill +(some) African scripts \> +Arabic \> +Armenian \> +Chinese\,Japanese\,Korean \\ +Croatian \> +Cyrillic \> +Czech/Slovak \> +Danish \\ +Dutch \> +Finnish \> +French \> +German \\ +Greek \> +Hebrew \> +Hungarian \> +Indic \\ +Italian \> +Latin \> +Manju \> +Mongolian \\ +Norwegian \> +Polish \> +Portuguese \> +Spanish \\ +Swedish \> +Tibetan \> +\acro{UK} English \> +Vietnamese \\ +\end{tabbing} + +\noindent Language collections typically include fonts, macros, +hyphenation patterns, and other support files. (For instance, +\pkgname{frenchle.sty} is installed if you select the \optname{French} +collection.) In addition, installing a language collection will alter +the \filename{language.dat} configuration file controlling which +hyphenation patterns are loaded. + +\textbf{\optname{d} -- Installation directories}. Three directories can +be changed here: +\label{text:instdir} + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXDIR] The top-level directory under which +everything else will be installed. The default value is +\dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005}, and is often changed. We recommend +including the year in the name, to keep different releases of \TL{} +separate. (You may wish to make a version-independent name such +\dirname{/usr/local/texlive} via a symbolic link, which you can then +update after testing the new release.) + +Under \MacOSX, the usual frontends look for \TeX{} in +\dirname{/usr/local/teTeX}, so you may wish to install \TL{} there. + +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] This tree is where the \TeX{} system (not as part of +the initial installation, but rather as time goes by) puts +non-version-specific files, primarily fonts. The default value is +\dirname{/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local}, independent of the current +\TL{} release, because it's also the recommended location to put any +local packages or configuration settings. + +\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] This tree is where \cmdname{texconfig-sys} puts +files that \emph{are} version-specific. The default value is +\dirname{TEXDIR/texmf-var}, and there's generally no reason to change +it. There is also \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}, which is where +\cmdname{texconfig} looks for modified configuration data. See +section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig} for more +information. + +\end{ttdescription} + +\textbf{\optname{o} -- Other options.} From this menu, you can select +the following general options: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [a] Specify an alternate directory for generated fonts. +The default is to use the \envname{TEXMFVAR} tree, as explained above. +Setting this is useful if you plan to mount the main tree read-only, and +therefore you need another location (perhaps host-specific) for +dynamically created fonts. + +\item [l] Create symbolic links for the binaries, man pages, +and\slash or \acro{GNU} Info files in other locations. For example, you may +wish to make the man pages available under \dirname{/usr/local/man} and +the Info files available under \dirname{/usr/local/info}. (Of course +you need appropriate privileges to write in the specified directories.) + +It is not advisable to overwrite a \TeX\ system that came with your +system with this option. It's intended primarily for creating the links +in standard directories that are known to users, such as +\dirname{/usr/local/bin}, which don't already contain any \TeX\ files. + +\item [d] Skip installation of the font/macro documentation tree. +This is useful if you need to save space, or if you've previously +installed the documentation elsewhere. + +\item [s] Skip installation of the main font/macro source +tree. This is useful if you are arranging to share that tree between +machines and\slash or architectures in some other way, such as \acro{NFS}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +\textbf{i -- Perform installation.} When you're satisfied with your +configuration options, enter \Ucom{i} to actually do the installation +from the media to your chosen locations. + +% text is similar to above, but no TEXMFSYSVAR, so we have to write out. +After the installation completes, your next step is to include the +architecture-specific subdirectory of \dirname{TEXDIR/bin} in your +\envname{PATH}, so the newly-installed programs can be found. The +architecture names are listed in table~\ref{tab:archlist}, +\p.\pageref{tab:archlist}, or you can simply list the directory +\dirname{TEXDIR/bin}. + +The syntax for doing this, and the initialization file to use, depends +on your shell. If you use a Bourne-compatible shell (\cmdname{sh}, +\cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, et al.), put the following into your +\filename{$HOME/.profile} file: + +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2005/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH; export PATH +\end{alltt} + +\noindent For C shell-compatible shells (\cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}), +put the following into your \filename{$HOME/.cshrc} file: +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /usr/local/texlive/2005/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH +\end{alltt} + +\textruntexconfig + +Here is a minimal annotated example which accepts the default +directories and installs binaries for the current system only. Thus, +only one command is needed, \Ucom{i} for install. The \texttt{>} is the +shell prompt as usual. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +\Ucom{i} # perform installation +> \Ucom{texconfig} ... # see section \ref{sec:texconfig} +# New PATH element, with Linux as the example: +> \Ucom{PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2005/bin/i386-linux:$PATH; export PATH} +\end{alltt} + +\textifindoubt + + +% +\subsection{Installing individual packages to disk} + +You can add individual packages or collections from the current +distribution to an existing non-\TL{} setup, or an earlier +\TL{} installation. + +\startinst + +Run the installation script \filename{install-pkg.sh} (not +\filename{install-tl.sh}, which is intended for complete installations +only): +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh \var{options}} +\end{alltt} + +The first set of options controls what gets read: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-package=\var{pkgname}] The individual package to work on. + +\item [-{}-collection=\var{colname}] The individual collection to work on. + +\item [-{}-nodoc] Exclude documentation files from the operation. + +\item [-{}-nosrc] Exclude source files from the operation. + +\item [-{}-cddir=\var{dir}] Source directory to read from; defaults +to the current directory. If you followed the instructions above, that +will be the distribution directory, and won't need to be changed. + +\item [-{}-listdir=\var{dir}] The so-called `lists' directory within +\var{cddir} from which to read the package information. The only +reason to change the default is if you're making changes to \TL{} +yourself. + +\end{ttdescription} + +What actually happens is controlled by the following options. If +neither of these are specified, the default action is to install the +selected files. The main destination tree is found by expanding +\envname{\$TEXMFMAIN} with \cmdname{kpsewhich}. You can override it by +setting either the environment variable \envname{TEXMFMAIN} or +\envname{TEXMF}. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-listonly] List the files that would be installed, but don't +actually install anything. + +\item [-{}-archive=\var{tarfile}] Instead of installing the files into +the \TeX{} system, make a \cmdname{tar} archive. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Additional options: + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [-{}-config] After installation, run \code{texconfig init}. + +\item [-{}-nohash] After installation, don't run \cmdname{mktexlsr} to +rebuild the filename database. + +\item [-{}-verbose] Give more information as the script runs. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Here are some usage examples: + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item To see the files in the package \pkgname{fancyhdr} without +installing it: + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr --listonly} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr \bs} +> \Ucom{--listonly} +\fi{} +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/README +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf +... +\end{alltt} + +\item Install the \LaTeX{} package \pkgname{natbib}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=natbib} +\end{alltt} + +\item Install the \LaTeX{} package \pkgname{alg} without source files or +documentation: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=alg --nosrc --nodoc} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=alg \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-nosrc -{}-nodoc} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\item Install all the packages in the collection of additional +plain \TeX\ macros: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --collection=tex-plainextra} +\end{alltt} + +\item Write all files in the \pkgname{pstricks} package to a +\cmdname{tar} file in \path|/tmp|: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=pstricks --archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\else +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=pstricks \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\end{enumerate} + +\textifindoubt + + +% +\section{Post-installation} +\label{sec:postinstall} + +After the main installation is done, for any operating system, the +remaining steps are to configure the system for your local needs, and +perform some basic tests. + +Another sort of post-installation is to acquire packages, fonts, or +programs that were not included in \TL{}. The basic idea is to +install such additions in the \envname{TEXMFLOCAL} tree (if you +installed to disk), or \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} (if you are running live). +See the ``Installation directories'' option on \p.\pageref{text:instdir}. + +Unfortunately, the details can and do vary widely, and so we do not attempt to +address them here. Here are some external links to descriptions: +\begin{itemize*} +\item +\url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=instpackages} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/installationadvice} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/beginlatex/html/chapter5.html#pkginst} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/Type1fonts} for +installation information for fonts in particular. +\end{itemize*} + + +\subsection{The \protect\cmdname{texconfig} program} +\label{sec:texconfig} + +At any time after installation, you can and should use the program +\cmdname{texconfig} to configure the system to fit your local needs. It +is installed in the architecture-specific subdirectory +\texttt{TEXDIR/bin/\var{arch}} along with everything else. + +If you run it without arguments, it will enter full-screen mode and +allow you to view and change options interactively. + +You can also run it with various command-line options. Here are some of +the most common (\TL{} is configured for the A4 paper size by default): + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [texconfig paper letter] Set default paper size for +various programs and drivers (\cmdname{pdftex}, \cmdname{dvips}, +\cmdname{dvipdfm}, \cmdname{xdvi}) to be \acro{US} letter. The other +allowable size is \optname{a4}, which is the default. + +\item [texconfig rehash] Update all the \TeX{} ``filename databases'', +after adding or removing files. + +\item [texconfig faq] Show the \teTeX{} \acro{FAQ}. +(See also the main \TeX{} \acro{FAQ} in \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en}.) + +\item [texconfig help] Output help information for \cmdname{texconfig}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Of course, \cmdname{texconfig} can only support changing a few of the +many options and configuration parameters in a \TeX{} system. The main +configuration file for the base \Webc{} programs is named +\filename{texmf.cnf}. You can find its location by running +\samp{kpsewhich texmf.cnf}; it contains many comments explaining the +default settings and useful alternatives. + +As of 2005, \cmdname{texconfig} alters files in a user-specific +directory, namely \dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}. If you install \TeX\ +just for yourself, that is unlikely to make a difference. But if you +install \TeX\ on a multi-user system, you will want to change the +configuration for the whole system. In this case, run +\cmdname{texconfig-sys} instead of \cmdname{texconfig}. + +Likewise, the \cmdname{updmap} and \cmdname{fmtutil} scripts were +changed, to work under \dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}. To alter system +directories, use \cmdname{updmap-sys} and \cmdname{fmtutil-sys}. + +In particular, for multi-user systems, you will probably want to +pregenerate the standard formats with \texttt{fmtutil-sys --missing}. +Otherwise, each user will end up with their own formats. + +Also, if you have a personally-modified copy of \filename{fmtutil.cnf} +or \filename{updmap.cfg}, instead of using the ones generated by +installation, they must be installed in the tree referenced by the +variable \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}. + +The variables specifying the directories altered by these commands are +listed in section~\ref{sec:texmftrees}, \p.\pageref{sec:texmftrees}. +You can see the actual directories by running \texttt{texconfig conf}, +and you can change them by editing \filename{texmf.cnf}. + + +\subsection{Testing the installation} +\label{sec:test-install} + +After installing \TL{} as best you can, you naturally want to test +it out, so you can start creating beautiful documents and\slash or fonts. + +This section gives some basic procedures for testing that the new system +is functional. We give Unix commands; under \MacOSX{} and Windows, +you're more likely to run the tests through a graphical interface, but +the principles are the same. + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item Make sure that you can run the \cmdname{tex} program in the first +place: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{tex -{}-version} +TeX 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.5) +kpathsea version 3.5.5 +... +\end{alltt} +If this comes back with `command not found' instead of version and +copyright information, most likely you don't have the correct +\dirname{bin} subdirectory in your \envname{PATH}. See +the environment-setting information on \p.\pageref{text:path}. + +\item Process a basic \LaTeX{} file: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{latex sample2e.tex} +This is pdfeTeXk, Version 3.141592... +... +Output written on sample2e.dvi (3 pages, 7496 bytes). +Transcript written on sample2e.log. +\end{alltt} +If this fails to find \filename{sample2e.tex} or other files, perhaps +you have interference from old environment variables or configuration +files. For a deep analysis, you can always ask \TeX{} to report on +exactly what it is searching for, and finding; see ``Debugging actions'' +on page~\pageref{Debugging}. + +\item Preview the result online: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{xdvi sample2e.dvi} +\end{alltt} +(Under Windows, the analogous command is \cmdname{windvi}.) You should +see a new window with a nice document explaining some of the basics of +\LaTeX{}. (Well worth reading, by the way if you're new to the system.) +You do have to be running under X for \cmdname{xdvi} to work; if you're +not, or your \envname{DISPLAY} environment variable is set incorrectly, +you'll get an error \samp{Can't open display}. + +\item Create a \PS{} file for printing or display: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips sample2e.dvi -o sample2e.ps} +\end{alltt} + +\item Create a \acro{PDF} file instead of \dvi{}; this processes the +\filename{.tex} file and writes \acro{PDF} directly: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{pdflatex sample2e.tex} +\end{alltt} + +\item Preview the \acro{PDF} file: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{gv sample2e.pdf} +\textrm{or:} +> \Ucom{xpdf sample2e.pdf} +\end{alltt} +Unfortunately neither \cmdname{gv} nor \cmdname{xpdf} are currently +included in \TL{}, so you must install them separately. See +\url{http://www.gnu.org/software/gv} and +\url{http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf}, respectively. + +\item Other standard test files you may find useful: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [small2e.tex] A simpler document than \filename{sample2e}, to +reduce the input size if you're having troubles. +\item [testpage.tex] Test if your printer introduces any offsets. +\item [nfssfont.tex] For printing font tables and tests. +\item [testfont.tex] Also for font tables, but using plain \TeX{}. +\item [story.tex] The most canonical (plain) \TeX{} test file of all. +You must type \samp{\bs bye} to the \code{*} prompt after \samp{tex +story.tex}. +\end{ttdescription} +You can process these in the same way as we did with +\filename{sample2e.tex}. + +\end{enumerate} + +If you are new to \TeX{}, or otherwise need help with actually +constructing \TeX{} or \LaTeX{} documents, please visit +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html} for some introductory resources. + + +\section{\MacOSX{} installation} +\label{sec:mac-install} + +The recommended way to install \TeX\ on \MacOSX\ is from the Mac\TeX\ +distribution, new in 2005. This is provided on the \pkgname{live} +\DVD{} in the top-level \dirname{mactex/} directory. It contains its +own (native) installer for a full \TeX\ distribution, based on a +combination of te\TeX\ and \TL, along with many additional applications +and documentation. The project web page is \url{http://tug.org/mactex}. + +If you prefer, installation of \TeX{} under \MacOSX{} can also be done +directly from \TL, using the \filename{install*} scripts, as follows. + +In order to run the installation scripts under \MacOSX, you need to have +the \cmdname{bash} shell installed. If you are running \MacOSX~10.2 +or later, you have \cmdname{bash}, and can proceed. If you're running +an earlier \MacOSX{} version, however, the default shell is +\cmdname{zsh}, which won't work; you'll need to get \cmdname{bash} from +the Internet, or more likely upgrade your system. + +Once you have \cmdname{bash}, the Unix installation documentation in the +previous section can be followed. See section~\ref{sec:unix-install} on +\p.\pageref{sec:unix-install}; \MacOSX-specific notes are included there +where needed. + +\section{Windows installation} +\label{sec:win-install} + +In this release of \TL{}, happily, the distribution once +again has a native Windows installer, named \cmdname{tlpmgui.exe}. (See +section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, \p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}, for an +explanation of the different distributions.) + +\cmdname{tlpmgui} has essentially the same options as the Unix +installer, only done through a GUI interface: selecting schemes, +individual collections, installation directories, and so on. +Section~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} on +\p.\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk} describes the basic elements. It +also allows some post-installation activities such as adding/removing +packages, updating the filename database and building formats. +Moreover, \cmdname{tlpmgui} can setup the system for running +programs directly from the \DVD. + +For those who like to look underneath the hood, \cmdname{tlpmgui} uses +as its ``engine'' a command-line Windows program named \cmdname{tlpm}. + +The Windows \TeX{} system included in \TL{} is based on new binaries +borrowed from the \XEmTeX{} project, formerly known as \fpTeX{} (see +\url{http://www.metz.supelec.fr/~popineau/xemtex-1.html}). +It also includes some older (but still working) tools, notably +a \texttt{dvi} previewer, \textsf{Windvi}, which is similar in usage to +the established Unix \textsf{xdvi}. The documentation can be found in +\OnCD{texmf/doc/html/windvi/windvi.html}. + +\TL{} can be installed on systems running Windows 98, \acro{ME}, +\acro{NT}, \acro{2K} or \acro{XP}. Older versions of Windows (3.1x) +and \acro{MS-DOS} are not supported. + +\textbf{Warning:} Win9.x users must ensure they have enough environment + space before undertaking installation. The \cmdname{tlpmgui.exe} + program won't change the environment size for them. A few environment + variables will be created and it is possible you run out of + environment space. Add \texttt{SHELL=<path>COMMAND.COM /E:4096 /P} in the + config.sys file in order to increase your environment size. + +\subsection{Installing \protect\TeX\protect\ Live to disk} + +After inserting the \TL{} CD into the \acro{CD} drive, autostart should +activate \cmdname{tlpmgui}. If it does not, click \guiseq{Start\arw Run}, +then type \verb|<drive letter>:\setup-win32\tplmgui.exe| (or +\verb|<drive letter>:\texlive\setup-win32\tplmgui.exe| if you are +installing from the TeX Collection DVD), where \verb|<drive letter>| +is the drive letter with the TeX Live CD (or TeX Collection DVD), and +then click OK. + +The installation window titled \guiseq{TeX Live installation and maintenance +utility} should open. It contains the following sections: \guiseq{Main +customization}, \guiseq{Install}, \guiseq{Select a scheme}, \guiseq{Select +systems}, \guiseq{Directories} and \guiseq{Options}. + +In the \guiseq{Directories} section the installation drive (directory) next +to the \guiseq{CD/DVD} button should be displayed (e.g., \texttt{F:/} or \texttt{F:/texlive/} for the DVD), but +if it is not, then click the \guiseq{CD/DVD} button and select the \acro{CD/DVD} +drive, with the \TL{} CD (or TeX Collection DVD). + +The directory in which you wish to install the software can be set by +clicking the \guiseq{TLroot} button. This directory will be set as +\path|TLroot| environment variable for later usage. The \path|TEXMFTEMP| and +\path|TEXMFCNF| environment variables as displayed next to the +\guiseq{TEXMFTEMP} and \guiseq{TEXMFCNF} buttons will be adjusted +automatically and set during installation, but they can also be adjusted +manually now to suit special needs. + +In the \guiseq{Select a scheme} section the desired \TL{} installation scheme +should be chosen by clicking the radio button labelled with the installation +scheme name (e.g., \guiseq{scheme-gust}). Each scheme is accompanied by an +\guiseq{Info} button which, when clicked, displays a short description of the +relevant scheme. + +A scheme is a large set of files targeted at some kind of usage. There are +generic schemes for basic, medium and full installations. The remaining ones +are either targeted at certain LUGs (i.e., what GUST or GUTenberg propose +for their members) or application targeted (e.g., for XML and \TeX{} +cooperation). A preselected scheme can be refined. This is done in the +\guiseq{Main customization} section by choosing additional collections from +\guiseq{Standard collections} or \guiseq{Language collections}. For example, +by clicking the \guiseq{Select} button labelled \guiseq{Standard +collections}, additional collections like Metapost, Omega or documentation +in different languages can be selected. + +\textbf{Note:} The \guiseq{Ghostscript}, \guiseq{Perl} and \guiseq{Wintools} +collections are selected by default and should be installed unless they are +already installed and you really know what you are doing. This is because +they are required by many important tools. The \verb|PERL5LIB| and +\verb|GS_LIB| environment variables will be set too. + +Next, clicking the \guiseq{Select} button labelled \guiseq{Language +Collections} in the \guiseq{Main customization} section opens the +\guiseq{Language collections} window in which the installation language can +be chosen by ticking the box next to the language. + +Next, click the \guiseq{Install} button in the \guiseq{Install} section to +start the installation proper process. + +The \TL{} system needs some post-processing steps (format files +generation, ls-R databases generation, environment variables, etc.). All +these operations are done there, some of them can be lengthy. So please wait +until you see a statement about the successfully finished installation. + +The shortcut for \cmdname{tlpmgui} will be added to the +\guiseq{Start\arw Programs\arw TeXLive2005} menu. + +If it is needed (Win9x/WinME), you will be asked to reboot your computer. + +\subsection{Support packages for Windows} +\label{sec:win-xemtex} + +To be complete, a \TL installation needs support packages that are not +commonly found on a Windows machine. Many scripts are written using the Perl +language. Some important tools require the Ghostscript \PS{} interpreter to +render or to convert files. A graphic file toolbox is also needed in some +cases. Last but not least, a \TeX-oriented editor makes it easy to type in +your \TeX{} files. + +All these tools are quite easy to find for Windows, but in order to try to +make your life even easier, we have put such a set of tools on \TL: +\begin{itemize*} +\item GNU \cmdname{Ghostscript} 7.07 +\item a minimal \cmdname{Perl} 5.8, sufficient to run all the \TL{} + Perl scripts. +\item win-tools is a set of small programs (bzip2, gzip, jpeg2ps + and tiff2png) +%\item a subset of \cmdname{ImageMagick} 5.5.6 +%\item the \cmdname{ISpell} checker +%\item \cmdname{XEmacs} 21.5.14 with a selection of packages to support +%\TeX{} typesetting. +\end{itemize*} + +These packages are borrowed from the \XEmTeX{} distribution +(the successor of fp\TeX). + +Perl and Ghostscript are installed by default; you may explicitly +deselect them during installation if you already have them. + +If you don't want to install this bundle, then you are on your own to +install the required tools to complete your \TL{} system. Here is a +list of places to get those tools: + +\begin{description} +\item[Ghostscript] \url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/} +\item[Perl] \url{http://www.activestate.com/} (but you might need some + supplementary packages from CPAN: \url{http://www.cpan.org/}) +\item[ImageMagick] \url{http://www.imagemagick.com} +\item[NetPBM] alternatively, you could use NetPBM instead of ImageMagick to + process or convert your graphic files. NetPBM home page is + \url{http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/} +\item[\TeX-oriented editors] There is a wide choice, and it is a matter of the + user's taste. Here is a selection: + \begin{itemize*} + \item \cmdname{GNU Emacs} is available natively under Windows, see + \url{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html} + \item \cmdname{XEmacs} is available natively under Windows, see + \url{http://www.xemacs.org/} + \item \cmdname{WinShell} is available on \TL in the \path|support| + directory, see \url{http://www.winshell.de} + \item \cmdname{WinEdt} is shareware available from \url{http://www.winedt.com} + \item \cmdname{Vim} is available on \TL{} in the + \path|support\vim| directory and the + reference site is \url{http://www.vim.org} + \item TeXnicCenter is free software, available from + \url{http://www.toolscenter.org} and in the proTeXt distribution. + \item \cmdname{LEd} is available from \url{http://www.ctan.org/support/LEd} + \item \cmdname{SciTE} is available from \url{http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html} + \end{itemize*} +\end{description} + +You might want to install other tools that are not free\footnote{Not +free, that is, in the sense of freedom to modify and redistribute, +following free software guidelines. This does not mean you can't acquire +them for no money.} and therefore not included on \TL{}, such as +\cmdname{GSView}, the \cmdname{Ghostscript} companion to more +conveniently view PS/PDF files. \cmdname{GSView} is available from +\url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/} or any \acro{CTAN} site. + +\section{Maintenance of the installation in Windows} + +If you have TeX Live installed, you can use \cmdname{tlpmgui} again +for modyfying and maintaining your installation. + +\subsection{Adding/removing packages} + +As the \cmdname{tlpmgui} shortcut is available in the \guiseq{Start\arw +Programs\arw TeXLive2005} menu, start it from here. The maintenance window +titled \guiseq{TeX Live installation and maintenance utility} shows. It +contains several tabs: \guiseq{Add Packages}, \guiseq{Remove packages}, +\guiseq{Manage installation}, \guiseq{Remove installation}. + +Click the tab labelled \guiseq{Add packages} or \guiseq{Remove packages} +to enter the relevant functionality and then: + +\begin{itemize} +\item In the first tab select the proper \CD{} drive (or \DVD with + \texttt{texlive} directory) by pressing the \guiseq{CD/DVD} button. +\item Click the \guiseq{Search} button in the \guiseq{Buttons} section to +display or refresh in the \guiseq{Select packages to\dots} section the +list of packages to install or remove. + +When adding packages, the list of installed packages is compared to the list +of packages available from your \CD/\DVD. Only packages not already installed are +displayed. It is up to you to select which packages you want to +install. + +When removing individual packages, only a list of installed packages +will be displayed. + +Please note that for both \guiseq{Add packages} and \guiseq{Remove packages} +the collections are listed first. + +\item Select a package by clicking on the name of the package. Clicking the +\guiseq{Info} button in the \guiseq{Buttons} section displays a short +description of the selected package in the window located in the \guiseq{Info +about the selected item} section. To select several packages at once hold +down one of the Ctrl or Shift keys at your keyboard while holding down the +left mouse button or drag the mouse pointer while holding down the left mouse +button. + +\item Click the \guiseq{Install} or \guiseq{Remove} button in the +\guiseq{Buttons} section to perform the appropriate action. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Configuring and other management tasks} + +The functions available in the tab labelled \guiseq{Manage the installation} +are helpful in performing actions needed when you want to add support for a +language which was not selected during the installation, or add/regenerate a +format which was not selected during the installation or was modified after +the installation. + +The following actions can be performed: + +\begin{itemize} +\item Refresh the \filename{ls-R} database +\item Create formats (All or Missing) +\item Edit \filename{language.dat} +\item Edit \filename{fmtutil.cnf} +\item Edit \filename{updmap.cfg} +\end{itemize} + +Note: you can close the Edit\dots{} window with the \guiseq{Cancel} or +\guiseq{Done} button; the latter will start rebuilding the format files +(or the fontmap files if you have edited \filename{updmap.cfg}), followed by a +\filename{ls-R} database files refresh. + +For more information about the configuration see section~\ref{sec:persconf}, +\p.\pageref{sec:persconf}. + +\subsection{Uninstalling \protect\TL{}} + +The tab labelled \guiseq{Remove the TeX Live installation} opens a window +which contains functionality not worth describing and we do not know who would +need it and what it is for\dots :-) + +Anyway, if you have the \path|texmf-local| directory for your local additions, +the removal procedure will not wipe it out or delete things in it. The \path|setup-win32| +directory containing \cmdname{tlpmgui} and related files will not be deleted. You will have to do some manual cleanup to +actually remove them. + +\subsection{Adding your own packages to the installation} + +First, whatever changes you make, \textbf{do not forget to rebuild the ls-R +database files}. Otherwise, your new files will not be found. You can do this +either via the \cmdname{tlpmgui} run and selection of the appropriate action +from the \guiseq{Manage the installation} tab, or manually running the +\file{mktexlsr} command. + +If you want to add files that are not provided by the \TL{} distribution, +it is recommended to put them in the \path|$TEXMFLOCAL| directory. This +way, you will be safe against upgrades of the \TL{} software. + +The directory pointed to by \path|$TEXMFLOCAL| is initially empty. If, +for example, you want to add the support file for the Maple symbolic +computation program, you will have to put the style files in:\\ +\path|c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-local\tex\latex\maple\|\\ and the +documentation files in:\\ \path|c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-local\doc\latex\maple\| + +\subsection{Running \texttt{tlmp.exe} from the command line} +The \cmdname{tlpm.exe} program which is used as engine by \cmdname{tlpmgui} +has a number of other useful options. You can get the list by running: +\begin{verbatim} +tlpm --help +\end{verbatim} + +More information and examples of use can be found in \path|tlpm.readme|. + +\subsection{Network installation} + +\KPS{} knows about UNC names, so you can use them to get your TEXMF +tree from the network. But there is better than this. +All the support files and configuration files, everything except the files in the +\path|bin/win32| are shareable with a \teTeX{} or Unix \TL{} installation. That means +you can use Samba either to mount from an NT server to a Unix +workstation or the converse. Several strategies are possible: +\begin{itemize} +\item Put everything on the server. Just add each set of files for the OS and +architecture you want to use in the \path|bin| directory. That means +for example \path|bin/win32| and \path|bin/i386-linux|. Next configure +your main variables. You can use UNC names to +point to the right directories under Win32. +\item Install a local copy for the binaries and format files. In this + case, assign \path|$TEXMFMAIN| to the main \path|texmf| tree that + will be accessed remotely. Set \path|$TEXMFVAR| to be a local + directory which will hold local configuration files and on-the-fly + generated files. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{What's different in Windows?} + +The Windows version of \Webc{} has some specific features that should be +pointed out. + +\begin{description} +\item[\KPS{}] The hash-tables that \KPS{} builds are quite large for + the \TL{}. In order to cut down the starting time of any + \KPS{}-enabled program, these hash-tables have been put in shared + memory. This way, when you chain the execution of several such + programs, like \path|tex| calling \path|mpost| calling \path|tex|, + the overhead when starting each of the subprograms is + reduced. This change is hidden to the user, except if you set the + debug flag of kpathsea to the \path|-1| value: you will then trace + access to the shared memory, which is not what you want (it is + accessed very often!). What is useful in a log trace of the shared + memory access is still to be defined, so the situation might evolve + in the future. +\item[\cmdname{kpsecheck}] This command provides some options that did + not fit well into \cmdname{kpsewhich}. It will allow you to list all + the files that occur multiple times across your texmf trees. This + could be handy, but most of the time you will also get unwanted + output (like dozens of \path|README| files). It is noticeable + that all these files result in clashes inside the \KPS{}-hashing + mechanism; fortunately, \KPS{} never looks for these files. For + this reason, you can combine the \path|-multiple-occurrences| with 2 + other options for including or excluding any filename that match + some pattern (you can request for several patterns). + + The \cmdname{kpsecheck} command will also report the status of shared + memory: in use or not used. That might be useful to know because if + the status reported is \samp{in use}, that means one or several + processes are working, and the effect of any \cmdname{mktexlsr} + command will be delayed until the next time where no \KPS{} linked + process will be running. + + Last, this same command will report about the location it thinks + Ghostscript can be found. Under Win32, for many programs, it is + easier to use the Ghostscript dll, and find it by using the + Ghostscript registry key than to change the \path|PATH|, which has a + limited length anyway. +\item[\Webc{}] The engines have a few more options than in Unix + \Webc{}, and one option with a different behavior: + \begin{itemize} + \item \path|-halt-on-error| stop the compilation at the first error. + \item \path|-job-time| set the job time to the same timestamp as the + file given in argument. +\item \path|-oem| use the DOS codepage for console output. + \item \path|-output-directory| allow to write all the output files in the + specified directory. + \item \path|-time-statistics| print statistics about the job run + time. It is to be noted that Win9x not being a true multitasking + operating system, it has no reliable timer for short periods, so + the value printed is an approximation. Under NT/2K/XP, the result + is quite accurate with user time and system time values allocated + for this run. For Unix + users: the \path|time| command is not usually available to Windows + users. + \end{itemize} +\end{description} + +\subsection{Personal configurations} +\label{sec:persconf} + +\subsubsection{Dvips} + +The configuration file for dvips can be found in\\ +\verb+C:\TeXLive2005\texmf-var\dvips\config\config.ps+\\ +You may open it with any editor + %(\cmdname{WinShell} will do fine) + and change some parameters: + +\begin{description} +\item [fonts] you can change the default printer \MF{} mode or printer + resolution in case \cmdname{dvips} needs to generate PK fonts. By default it + is configured to use Type~1 versions of the CM fonts, so it should + not call \cmdname{mktexpk} too often; +\item[printer] you can tell dvips where you want to print by default. If + the \optname{o} option is not followed by a printer name, then a + \file{.ps} \PS{} file is written. You can give dvips a printer + name such as: +\begin{verbatim} +o lpt1: +% o | lpr -S server -P myprinter +% o \\server\myprinter +\end{verbatim} +\item[paper] Next, you might want + to change the paper size from European (A4) to US letter + by making the US letter the first paper size mentioned in the file. + Scroll to the group of lines beginning with \code{@}. Move + the appropriate lines so that this section begins with the lines:\\ +\hspace*{1em} @ letterSize 8.5in 11in\\ +\hspace*{1em} @ letter 8.5in 11in\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ \%\%BeginPaperSize: Letter\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ letter\\ +\hspace*{1em} @+ \%\%EndPaperSize +\end{description} + +The current \TL{} distribution implements the procedure of making +always up-to-date fontmaps files for Dvips and Pdftex. This is done by +the \cmdname{updmap} program during installation, as well as during any +font package addition. If you add new packages by hand, edit the file +\verb+updmap.cfg+ in \path|$TEXMFVAR/web2c|. + +\subsubsection{PdfTeX} + +If you use the program pdf{}latex to write \acro{PDF} format directly, +and you are using \acro{US} letter-size paper, edit the file +\verb+C:\TeXLive2005\texmf-var\tex\generic\config\pdftexconfig.tex+ and +change \samp{\bs pdfpagewidth} and \samp{\bs pdfpageheight}. These entries +should read: +\begin{alltt} +\bs{}pdfpagewidth=8.5 true in +\bs{}pdfpageheight=11 true in +\end{alltt} +Save the file and exit the editor. + +\subsubsection{GSView} +GSView is now distributed under the Aladdin License, and therefore is no +longer included in \TL{}. + +If you may want to change the page size to US letter size. If so, open +GSView from the \guiseq{Start} menu, and select \guiseq{Media\arw Letter}. + +Also, there are menu settings that are supposed to give you the most +readable screen image. On \guiseq{Media \arw Display Settings}, set both +\optname{Text Alpha} and \optname{Graphics Alpha} to 4~bits. + +Note that the installation process has set all \code{.ps} and +\code{.eps} files to automatically open with \cmdname{GSView}. + +For printing instructions, see section~\ref{printing} below. + +\subsubsection{WinDvi} +\label{sub:windvi} + +The \file{tlpmgui.exe} program takes care of associating the files +with the \file{.dvi} extension with \file{Windvi}, but it doesn't make an icon +on the desktop, so please do it yourself. + +Open \cmdname{windvi} by clicking an icon or from the command line. + +You can set it for US letter-size paper by going to \guiseq{View\arw +Options\arw Papertype} and selecting US (8.5\verb+"+ x 11\verb+"+) (and +then \optname{OK}. Exit \cmdname{windvi}. + +You can change other parameters from there as well, such as the ability +to execute system commands specified by the document (disabled by +default for security reasons). Also, the first time you view any .dvi +file, you may find the magnification too large. Zoom out until you get +an appropriate size. + +All configuration settings for \cmdname{windvi} are stored in a file +named \path|windvi.cnf| file. You can find it by running this command at +the prompt: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\>kpsewhich --expand-var $HOME/windvi.cnf +\end{verbatim} + +Should you have problems with \cmdname{windvi}, please remove the +configuration file and test your problem against a vanilla configuration. + +\subsection{Testing} + +For generic verification procedures, see section~\ref{sec:test-install} +(\p.\pageref{sec:test-install}). This section describes +Windows-specific tests. + +Open the file \verb+sample2e.tex+ in your editor (Xemacs, WinShell), +found in \path|C:\TeXLive2005\texmf-dist\tex\latex\base|. The \LaTeX\ source +should appear on the screen. Process it by clicking on the +\guiseq{Command\arw LaTeX} menu (XEmacs) or \LaTeX\ icon on the toolbar +(WinShell), then view it by clicking on the \guiseq{Command\arw View DVI} +menu (XEmacs) or Preview (Windvi) icon (WinShell). + +At first, when you preview files with Windvi, it will create fonts because +screen fonts were not installed. After a while, you will have created most +of the fonts you use, and you will rarely see the font-creation window. + +\textbf{Hint for the future:} If a \LaTeX\ run stops because \LaTeX\ +cannot find a file, you can press Ctrl-z to quit. + + +\subsection{Printing} +\label{printing} + +It is possible to print from Windvi. In this case, printing will be done +using the Windows unified printer driver. By definition, it is +compatible with all printers. However, there is some drawback: it can +generate some huge spool files, and some (older) versions of Windows +just don't like them. The advantage is that you can use features like +embedding BMP or WMF images. You also need to make sure that the printer +parameters are correctly set (subsection~\ref{sub:windvi}), else you +will get scaled printing (printing at 600\dpi{} on a 300\dpi{} printer +will give you only one quadrant of your page). + +Printing is faster and more reliable if you run \cmdname{dvips} to make +a \filename{.ps} file and then print from \cmdname{GSView}. In +\cmdname{GSview}, select \guiseq{File\arw Print\ldots}. A \guiseq{Print} +window will appear. + +If you are using a \PS{} printer, \textit{be sure to select +\guiseq{\PS{} Printer}}. This is done in the \guiseq{Print Method} box +at the bottom left of the \guiseq{Print} window. You can then select any +of the printers that you have previously installed. If you fail to +check the box for \optname{\PS{} Printer}, printing will not work. + +If you will be using your own non-\PS{} printer, select +\guiseq{Ghostscript device} in the \guiseq{Print Method} box, then click +on the button to the right labelled \guiseq{djet500} and select your +printer type from the list that pops up. (In the older version of +\cmdname{GSView}, make sure \optname{\PS{} Printer} is \textit{not} +selected, then select your printer type from the \guiseq{Device} list.) + +\subsection{Tips and tricks for Win32} + +\subsubsection{Different flavors of Win32} + +What we call Win32 is not an operating system by itself. It is a large +set of functions (around 12,000 in the header files of the Microsoft +\acro{SDK}) that you can use to write programs for different operating +systems of the Windows family. + +Windows comes in different flavors: +\begin{itemize} +\item Win95, Win98 and Win\acro{ME}, which \emph{are not true multitasking, + multithreading} environments. They are the latest\Dash and hopefully + last\Dash metamorphosis of \acro{DOS}. This can be more or less proven + by the fact that when booting, the PC will load the \path|command.com| + interpreter, and if you stop the boot process at this point, you can + ask for the current (\acro{DOS}) version and it will answer something + like \samp{MS-DOS 7.0} (at least for the old versions of Win9x). +\item Windows \acro{NT}, which is a new operating system written from + scratch, capable of true multitasking behavior, and including many + high level features. +\item Windows 2000, based on \acro{NT}, with all the bells and + whistles of Win98. +\item Windows \acro{XP}, which comes with Personal and Pro flavors. This is + the last step in merging both lines of products (Win9x based and + \acro{NT} based). \acro{XP} is based on \acro{NT}. +\end{itemize} + +Win9x are able to run 32~bits programs and 16~bits programs +concurrently. But the operating system by itself is not entirely +written in 32~bits mode, and does not support memory protection: 16bits +applications can overwrite parts of the operating system memory! Some +parts of the system like the \acro{GDI} (Graphical Device Interface) +manage limited resources like bitmaps, fonts, pens and so on for the set +of all programs that run concurrently. All the bitmaps headers available +at the same time can't amount for more than 64kB. This explains the +performance tool and the fact that you can put your system on his knees +by making intensive use of graphic objects for example. + +NT, 2K and XP do not suffer from these limitations, and neither from +other Win9x limitations. They are true multitasking environments, with +protected memory. They are much more responsive than Win9x because +of better memory management, better file system and so on. + +\subsubsection{Command line prompt} + +You may wonder, ``Why would I need to use a command line prompt when +I have Windows?'' + +Good question. The problem is of very general nature. Not all operations +can be done easily using only a \acro{GUI}. Command line gives you +programming power\Dash assuming a clever command interpreter. + +But the problem here is more fundamental: \TeX{} is \emph{a batch} +tool. Not an interactive one. \TeX{} needs to compute the best +layout for each page, resolve cross-references and so on. This can be +done only by a global processing of the document. It is not (yet) a +task that can be done interactively. + +This means that you should use \TeX{} from a command line. In fact the +situation is not so bad. There is an advantage to write command line +tools for complex processing: they are better debugged, because they are +independent of any \acro{GUI} problems, and \acro{GUI} tools can be +designed to interface to the command line tools. This is the case for +\TeX{}, where you will mostly interact with it through a \acro{GUI} text +editor. + +However, you may need to use the command line prompt in a number of +situations. One is when you are having difficulties and want to debug +your setup. + +\begin{description} + \item[Win9x] You can open a command line prompt by looking either for + the \acro{MS-DOS} icon in the \guiseq{Start\arw Programs} menu, + or by choosing \guiseq{Start\arw Run} menu typing in + \path|command.com| as the progrm name. + \item[NT, 2K, XP] You can open a command line prompt by looking for + \guiseq{Command Prompt} in the \guiseq{Start\arw Accessories} menu. + You can also choose \guiseq{Start\arw Run} and type in + \path|cmd.exe|, which is the name of the brand new command + interpreter for \acro{NT} (thus, it is untrue to call this a + \emph{DOS} box!). +\end{description} + +These locations may change across different Windows versions. + +\subsubsection{Path separators} + +The Win32 API understands both \path|/| and \path|\| characters as PATH +separators. But the command interpreters do not! So whenever a path name +is used programmatically, you can use both separators, and even mix them +up in the same path name. But on the command line, you must type +\path|\| as path separator. The reason is compatibility: the command +processor used \samp{/} to introduce arguments to commands. + +All this to say: do not be surprised to read path names written using +the Unix convention; \fpTeX{} is a port of \Webc, and aims to be compatible +across platforms. For this reason, all the configuration files that +need to specify path names use the Unix convention. + +\subsubsection{File systems} +\label{sec:clusters} + +The worst feature of Win9x with regard to \TeX{} is probably the +so-called FAT file system. \TeX{} uses very many small files, with size +around 1--3kB. The \acro{FAT} file system is old, and predates by +decades the multi-gigabytes hard disks we have today. As a result, it +cannot manage efficiently the tens of thousands of \TeX{} files found in +\TL{}. The \acro{FAT} file system allocates a minimum of 32kB for +\emph{any} file on a huge partition. It means that \TeX{} will use much +more disk space than it actually needs. + +The other, more modern, file systems available, \acro{FAT32} and +\acro{NTFS}, do not have this drawback. They manage clusters of 4kB +only. (You can lower the limit to 512 bytes on \acro{NTFS}.) + +\subsubsection{How to add some directory to your PATH} + +There are pairs of variables and values which behave much like global +variables inside your programs. The set of those variables is called the +environment. Each program is initialized with a copy of the +environment when it is run. It can request and change the +value of any variable. The changes happen in the copy of the +environment, and is not at all propagated to the other running +programs. + +Your PATH is a special environment variable used to search for +programs you want to run. +There is a different procedure to change it for Win9x, WinME and NT/2K/XP: + +\begin{description} +\item[Windows 95/98] Edit your \path|autoexec.bat|. In this file should be a line + starting with \texttt{PATH=} and followed by a list of directories separated + by \path|;|. Please add the directory with the executables in this line. + After this, this line could look as follows: +\begin{verbatim} +PATH=c:\windows;c:\windows\system;c:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32 +\end{verbatim} +\item[Windows ME] You need to run the special program + \path|c:\windows\system\msconfig.exe| to be able to change any + environment variable. From this program, select the `Environment' + tab, and then add or modify the variable you want. You will be asked to reboot the + machine upon any change. +\item[Windows NT/2K/XP] + Click left on \guiseq{Start \arw Settings \arw Control Panel}. Now the + window with the control panel icons opens. Double click on System. The + System Properties window opens. Click on the tab \textsf{Environment} + or look for a button named \guiseq{Environment Variables} among the + dialog boxes. Now you can change the environment variables for your + user account. Note: There are also displayed the environment settings + for the system. Normally, you can't change the system variables + unless you have administrator rights on your machine. If you want to + change the \texttt{PATH} for all users, you will have to contact your + system administrator or be the system administrator yourself\Dash in + the latter case you should know what you are doing. + + If there is already a \texttt{PATH} setting for your user account, + left click on \texttt{PATH}. In the field \textsf{Variable} appears + \texttt{PATH} while the field Value shows the current setting of + \texttt{PATH} as a list of directories separated by \path|;|. Add + the directory where the executables are located (e.g. + \path|c:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32|). If there isn't a \texttt{PATH} variable + for your user account, simply click in the field Variable and type + in \texttt{PATH}, click in the field \textsf{Value} + and type in the directory with the executables. Important: Click on + the \textsf{Apply} button before clicking \textsf{Ok}, otherwise the + changes to \texttt{PATH} won't apply to your system. Be careful when + changing the environment settings. +\end{description} + +The best way to be sure that a variable has been properly set is to +open a console and type: +\begin{verbatim} +set VARIABLE +\end{verbatim} +which should return the corresponding value. + +\subsubsection{\TeX{} engines} + +If you have a look at the \Webc{} documentation, you will read that all +the various \TeX{} derived programs use the same base engine. For +example, \path|tex.exe| and \path|latex.exe| are exact copies of the +same program, but each one will use a different format file, based on +its calling name. + +Under Unix, this feature is implemented through \emph{symbolic +links}. It saves up a bit of disk space, because some engines are +used with many different format files. + +The Win32 API does not know about file links. So to save up almost +the same amount of memory, all the \TeX{} base engines have been put +in DLLs (\emph{Dynamic Linked Library}). This means that you will have +the following layout: +\begin{alltt} +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 latex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 pdfetex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 524 288 tl90pdfetex.dll +\end{alltt} +and the \path|latex.exe| file is nothing but a rough copy of +\path|pdfetex.exe| using the same core \path|tl90pdfetex.dll|. +The same trick has been used for the \path|mktex*.exe| family of programs +which are linked to the \path|mktex.dll| library. + +In fact, a generic tool called \path|irun.exe| is provided to build the +equivalent of Unix hard links for executable files only under Win32. + +\subsection{In case of problems} +\label{sec:troubleshooting} + +\subsubsection{What to do if \texttt{latex} does not find your files?} + +\begin{itemize} + +\item \cmdname{kpsewhich} is the tool of choice to debug any +problem. Unfortunately, \cmdname{kpsewhich} outputs debug information +to stderr, and the older Windows consoles do not know how to redirect stderr +to a file. (NT and Windows 2000 consoles know how to do that. But +the trick will work for any console.) For diagnostic purposes you can +temporarily set an environment variable (in a \acro{DOS} box): + +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=err.log +\end{verbatim} +You can also set the debug level: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG=-1 +\end{verbatim} + +If you want to redirect stderr to stdout, which is not possible +Windows, then do: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=con: +\end{verbatim} +This way you can capture both stdout and stderr in the same file. + +\item Assuming the installation has been done in \path|c:/TeX|, check + the following values: \\ + {\small + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $SELFAUTOPARENT| & \path|c:/TeX| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMF| & \path|c:/TeX/texmf....| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMFCNF| & + \path|.;c:/TeX/texmf-var/web2c;| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-var $TEXINPUTS| & \path|.;c:/TeX/texmf/tex//| + \end{tabular} +} +\item If you have other \TeX{}-related values already set in your + environment, please, remove them. They are overriding the ones in + texmf.cnf. +\item Check the values from:\\ +{\small + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \texttt{kpsewhich cmr10.tfm} & \path|c:/TeX/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm|\\ + \texttt{kpsewhich latex.fmt}& \path|c:/TeX/texmf/web2c/latex.fmt| + \end{tabular} +} +\item At this point, if everything is correct, \TeX{} and friends + should work. If it is not the case, you will need to play with + the \path|-debug=n| option from \path|kpsewhich|, and check back all + the values. Try to identify and report the problem. +\end{itemize} + +\subsubsection{What to do if your setup still does not work as expected?} + +Here are several questions to investigate: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Is \file{tex.exe} in my \path|PATH|? + +\item Is the \path|TEXMFCNF| variable correctly set to +\path|c:/TeXLive2005/texmf-var/web2c| (default value)? + +\item Are there any errors in the log file generated by the +\file{tlmpgui.exe} program? +\file{tlmpgui.log} can be found in your +\file{TEMP} directory. You can find this by searching for the +string \samp{Error}. Hint: the log file can show some errors after +building all format files. Please do not panic: perhaps some formats +weren't already installed. + +\item Are there any relevant bug fixes at \url{http://tug.org/texlive/}? +(Unlikely, but it doesn't hurt to check.) + +\end{enumerate} + +The \TL{} software consists of hundreds of programs and tens of +thousands of files, all from varying sources. So it is quite difficult to +predict all possible causes for problems. Nevertheless, we will do our +best to help you. (See section~\ref{sec:help}, \p.\pageref{sec:help}.) + +% don't use \Webc so the \uppercase in the headline works. +\section{A user's guide to Web2C} + +\Webc{} is an integrated collection of \TeX-related programs: \TeX{} +itself, \MF{}, \MP, \BibTeX{}, etc. It is the heart of \TL{}. + +A bit of history: The original implementation was by Tomas Rokicki who, +in 1987, developed a first \TeX{}-to-C system based on change files +under Unix, which were primarily the original work of Howard Trickey and +Pavel Curtis. Tim Morgan became the maintainer of the system, and +during this period the name changed to Web-to-C\@. In 1990, Karl Berry +took over the work, assisted by dozens of additional contributors, and +in 1997 he handed the baton to Olaf Weber. + +The \Webc{} system runs on Unix, 32-bit Windows systems, \MacOSX{}, and +other operating systems. It uses Knuth's original sources for \TeX{} and +other basic programs written in \web{} and translates them into C source +code. The core \TeX{} programs are: + +\begin{cmddescription} +\item[bibtex] Maintaining bibliographies. +\item[dmp] \cmdname{troff} to MPX (\MP{} pictures). +\item[dvicopy] Expands virtual font references in \dvi{} files. +\item[dvitomp] \dvi{} to MPX (MetaPost pictures). +\item[dvitype] \dvi{} to human-readable text. +\item[gftodvi] Generic font proofsheets. +\item[gftopk] Generic to packed fonts. +\item[gftype] GF to human-readable text. +\item[makempx] \MP{} label typesetting. +\item[mf] Creating typeface families. +\item[mft] Prettyprinting \MF{} source. +\item[mpost] Creating technical diagrams. +\item[mpto] MetaPost label extraction. +\item[newer] Compare modification times. +\item[patgen] Creating hyphenation patterns. +\item[pktogf] Packed to generic fonts. +\item[pktype] PK to human-readable text. +\item[pltotf] Plain text property list to TFM. +\item[pooltype] Display \web{} pool files. +\item[tangle] \web{} to Pascal. +\item[tex] Typesetting. +\item[tftopl] TFM to plain text property list. +\item[vftovp] Virtual font to virtual property list. +\item[vptovf] Virtual property list to virtual font. +\item[weave] \web{} to \TeX. +\end{cmddescription} + +\noindent The precise functions and syntax of these programs are +described in the documentation of the individual packages and of \Webc{} +itself. However, knowing a few principles governing the whole family of +programs will help you take advantage of your \Webc{} installation. + +All programs honor these standard \acro{GNU} options: +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[-{}-help] print basic usage summary. +\item[-{}-verbose] print detailed progress report. +\item[-{}-version] print version information, then exit. +\end{ttdescription} + +For locating files the \Webc{} programs use the path searching library +\KPS{}. This library uses a combination of environment variables and a +configuration files to optimize searching the (huge) collection of +\TeX{} files. \Webc{} can look at more than one directory tree +simultaneously, which is useful in maintaining \TeX's standard +distribution and local extensions in two distinct trees. To speed up +file searches the root of each tree has a file \file{ls-R}, containing +an entry showing the name and relative pathname for all files under that +root. + +\subsection{Kpathsea path searching} + +Let us first describe the generic path searching mechanism of the \KPS{} +library. + +We call a \emph{search path} a colon- or semicolon\hyph sepa\-rated list +of \emph{path elements}, which are basically directory names. A +search path can come from (a combination of) many sources. To look up +a file \samp{my-file} along a path \samp{.:/dir}, \KPS{} checks each +element of the path in turn: first \file{./my-file}, then +\file{/dir/my-file}, returning the first match (or possibly all +matches). + +In order to adapt optimally to all operating systems' conventions, on +non-Unix systems \KPS{} can use filename separators different from +colon (\samp{:}) and slash (\samp{/}). + +To check a particular path element \var{p}, \KPS{} first checks if a +prebuilt database (see ``Filename data\-base'' on +page~\pageref{Filename-database}) applies to \var{p}, i.e., if the database +is in a directory that is a prefix of \var{p}. If so, the path +specification is matched against the contents of the database. + +If the database does not exist, or does not apply to this path +element, or contains no matches, the filesystem is searched (if this +was not forbidden by a specification starting with \samp{!!}\ and if +the file being searched for must exist). \KPS{} constructs the list +of directories that correspond to this path element, and then checks +in each for the file being sought. + +The ``file must exist'' condition comes into play with \samp{.vf} files and +input files read by \TeX's \cs{openin} command. Such files may not +exist (e.g., \file{cmr10.vf}), and so it would be wrong to search the +disk for them. Therefore, if you fail to update \file{ls-R} when you +install a new \samp{.vf} file, it will never be found. +Each path element is checked in turn: first the database, then the +disk. If a match is found, the search stops and the result is +returned. + +Although the simplest and most common path element is a directory +name, \KPS{} supports additional features in search paths: layered +default values, environment variable names, config file values, users' +home directories, and recursive subdirectory searching. Thus, we say +that \KPS{} \emph{expands} a path element, meaning it transforms all +the specifications into basic directory name or names. This is +described in the following sections in the same order as it takes +place. + +Note that if the filename being searched for is absolute or explicitly +relative, i.e., starts with \samp{/} or \samp{./} or \samp{../}, +\KPS{} simply checks if that file exists. + +\ifSingleColumn +\else +\begin{figure*} +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{0pt} + \caption{An illustrative configuration file sample} + \label{fig:config-sample} +\end{figure*} +\fi + +\subsubsection{Path sources} +\label{Path-sources} + +A search path can come from many sources. In the order in which +\KPS{} uses them: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item + A user-set environment variable, for instance, \envname{TEXINPUTS}\@. + Environment variables with a period and a program name appended + override; e.g., if \samp{latex} is the name of the program being run, + then \envname{TEXINPUTS.latex} will override \envname{TEXINPUTS}. +\item + A program-specific configuration file, for exam\-ple, a line + \samp{S /a:/b} in \cmdname{dvips}'s \file{config.ps}. +\item A \KPS{} configuration file \file{texmf.cnf}, containing a line like + \samp{TEXINPUTS=/c:/d} (see below). +\item The compile-time default. +\end{enumerate} +\noindent You can see each of these values for a given +search path by using the debugging options (see ``Debugging actions'' +on page~\pageref{Debugging}). + +\subsubsection{Config files} + +\begingroup\tolerance=3500 +\KPS{} reads \emph{runtime configuration files} named \file{texmf.cnf} +for search path and other definitions. The search path used to look +for these files is named \envname{TEXMFCNF} (by default such a file lives +in the \file{texmf/web2c} subdirectory). \emph{All} +\file{texmf.cnf} files in the search path will be read and definitions +in earlier files override those in later files. Thus, with a search +path of \verb|.:$TEXMF|, values from \file{./texmf.cnf} override those +from \verb|$TEXMF/texmf.cnf|. +\endgroup + +\begin{itemize} +\item + Comments start with \code{\%} and continue to the end of the line. +\item + Blank lines are ignored. +\item + A \bs{} at the end of a line acts as a continuation character, + i.e., the next line is appended. Whitespace at the beginning of + continuation lines is not ignored. +\item + Each remaining line has the form: +\begin{alltt} + \var{variable}[.\var{progname}] [=] \var{value} +\end{alltt}% + where the \samp{=} and surrounding whitespace are optional. +\item + The \ttvar{variable} name may contain any character other + than whitespace, \samp{=}, or \samp{.}, but sticking to + \samp{A-Za-z\_} is safest. +\item + If \samp{.\var{progname}} is present, the definition only + applies if the program that is running is named + \texttt{\var{progname}} or \texttt{\var{progname}.exe}. This allows + different flavors of \TeX{} to have different search paths, for + example. +\item \var{value} may contain any characters except + \code{\%} and \samp{@}. The + \code{\$\var{var}.\var{prog}} feature is not available on the + right-hand side; instead, you must use an additional variable. A + \samp{;}\ in \var{value} is translated to \samp{:}\ if + running under Unix; this is useful to be able to have a single + \file{texmf.cnf} for Unix, \acro{MS-DOS} and Windows systems. +\item + All definitions are read before anything is expanded, so + variables can be referenced before they are defined. +\end{itemize} +A configuration file fragment illustrating most of these points is +\ifSingleColumn +shown below: + +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\else +shown in Figure~\ref{fig:config-sample}. +\fi + +\subsubsection{Path expansion} +\label{Path-expansion} + + +\KPS{} recognizes certain special characters and constructions in +search paths, similar to those available in Unix shells. As a +general example, the complex path, +\verb+~$USER/{foo,bar}//baz+, expands to all subdirectories under +directories \file{foo} and \file{bar} in \texttt{\$USER}'s home +directory that contain a directory or file \file{baz}. These +expansions are explained in the sections below. +%$ +\subsubsection{Default expansion} +\label{Default-expansion} + +\tolerance=2500 +If the highest-priority search path (see ``Path sources'' on +page~\pageref{Path-sources}) contains an \emph{extra colon} (i.e., +leading, trailing, or doubled), \KPS{} inserts at that point the +next-highest-prio\-rity search path that is defined. If that inserted +path has an extra colon, the same happens with the next highest. For +example, given an environment variable setting + +\tolerance=1500 + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{setenv TEXINPUTS /home/karl:} +\end{alltt} +and a \code{TEXINPUTS} value from \file{texmf.cnf} of + +\begin{alltt} + .:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} +then the final value used for searching will be: + +\begin{alltt} + /home/karl:.:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} + +Since it would be useless to insert the default value in more than one +place, \KPS{} changes only one extra \samp{:}\ and leaves any others in +place. It checks first for a leading \samp{:}, then a trailing +\samp{:}, then a doubled \samp{:}. + +\subsubsection{Brace expansion} + +A useful feature is brace expansion, which means that, for instance, +\verb+v{a,b}w+ expands to \verb+vaw:vbw+. Nesting is allowed. +This is used to implement multiple \TeX{} hierarchies, by +assigning a brace list to \code{\$TEXMF}. +For example, in \file{texmf.cnf}, the following definition +(appproximately; there are actually even more trees) is made: +\begin{verbatim} + TEXMF = {$TEXMFHOME,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFVAR,!!$TEXMFMAIN} +\end{verbatim} +Using this you can then write something like +\begin{verbatim} + TEXINPUTS = .;$TEXMF/tex// +\end{verbatim} +%$ +which means that, after looking in the current directory, the +\code{\$TEXMFHOME/tex}, \code{\$TEXMFLOCAL/tex}, \code{\$TEXMFVAR/tex} +and \code{\$TEXMFMAIN/tex} trees \emph{only}) will be searched (the +last two use using \file{ls-R} data base files). It is a convenient +way for running two parallel \TeX{} structures, one ``frozen'' (on a +\CD, for instance) and the other being continuously updated with new +versions as they become available. By using the \code{\$TEXMF} +variable in all definitions, one is sure to always search the +up-to-date tree first. + +\subsubsection{Subdirectory expansion} +\label{Subdirectory-expansion} + +Two or more consecutive slashes in a path element following a directory +\var{d} is replaced by all subdirectories of \var{d}: first those +subdirectories directly under \var{d}, then the subsubdirectories under +those, and so on. At each level, the order in which the directories are +searched is \emph{unspecified}. + +If you specify any filename components after the \samp{//}, only +subdirectories with matching components are included. For example, +\samp{/a//b} expands into directories \file{/a/1/b}, \file{/a/2/b}, +\file{/a/1/1/b}, and so on, but not \file{/a/b/c} or \file{/a/1}. + +Multiple \samp{//} constructs in a path are possible, but +\samp{//} at the beginning of a path is ignored. + +\subsubsection{List of special characters and their meaning: a summary} + +The following list summarizes the special characters in \KPS{} +configuration files. + +% need a wider space for the item labels here. +\newcommand{\CODE}[1]{\makebox[3em][l]{\code{#1}}} +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\CODE{:}] Separator in path specification; at the beginning or + the end of a path it substitutes the default path expansion.\par +\item[\CODE{;}] Separator on non-Unix systems (acts like \code{:}). +\item[\CODE{\$}] Variable expansion. +\item[\CODE{\string~}] Represents the user's home directory. +\item[\CODE{\char`\{...\char`\}}] Brace expansion. +\item[\CODE{//}] Subdirectory expansion (can occur anywhere in + a path, except at its beginning). +\item[\CODE{\%}] Start of comment. +\item[\CODE{\bs}] Continuation character (allows multi-line entries). +\item[\CODE{!!}] Search \emph{only} database to locate file, \emph{do + not} search the disk. +\end{ttdescription} + + +\subsection{Filename databases} +\label{Filename-database} + +\KPS{} goes to some lengths to minimize disk accesses for searches. +Nevertheless, at installations with enough directories, searching each +possible directory for a given file can take an excessively long time +(this is especially true if many hundreds of font directories have to +be traversed.) Therefore, \KPS{} can use an externally-built plain text +``database'' file named \file{ls-R} that maps files to directories, +thus avoiding the need to exhaustively search the disk. + +A second database file \file{aliases} allows you to give additional +names to the files listed in \file{ls-R}. This can be helpful to +confirm to \acro{DOS} 8.3 filename conventions in source files. + +\subsubsection{The filename database} +\label{ls-R} + +As explained above, the name of the main filename database must be +\file{ls-R}. You can put one at the root of each \TeX{} hierarchy in +your installation that you wish to be searched (\code{\$TEXMF} by +default); most sites have only one hierarchy. \KPS{} looks for +\file{ls-R} files along the \code{TEXMFDBS} path. + +The recommended way to create and maintain \samp{ls-R} is to run the +\code{mktexlsr} script included with the distribution. It is invoked +by the various \samp{mktex}\dots\ scripts. In principle, this script +just runs the command +\begin{alltt} +cd \var{/your/texmf/root} && \path|\|ls -1LAR ./ >ls-R +\end{alltt} +presuming your system's \code{ls} produces the right output format +(\acro{GNU} \code{ls} is all right). To ensure that the database is +always up-to-date, it is easiest to rebuild it regularly via +\code{cron}, so that it is automatically updated when the installed +files change, such as after installing or updating a \LaTeX{} package. + +If a file is not found in the database, by default \KPS{} goes ahead +and searches the disk. If a particular path element begins with +\samp{!!}, however, \emph{only} the database will be searched for that +element, never the disk. + + +\subsubsection{kpsewhich: Standalone path searching} +\label{Invoking-kpsewhich} + +The \texttt{kpsewhich} program exercises path searching independent of any +particular application. This can be useful as a sort of \code{find} +program to locate files in \TeX{} hierarchies (this is used heavily in +the distributed \samp{mktex}\dots\ scripts). + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich \var{option}\dots{} \var{filename}\dots{}} +\end{alltt} +The options specified in \ttvar{option} start with either \samp{-} +or \samp{-{}-}, and any unambiguous abbreviation is accepted. + +\KPS{} looks up each non-option argument on the command line as a +filename, and returns the first file found. There is no option to +return all the files with a particular name (you can run the Unix +\samp{find} utility for that). + +The more important options are described next. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{-{}-dpi=\var{num}}]\mbox{} + Set the resolution to \ttvar{num}; this only affects \samp{gf} + and \samp{pk} lookups. \samp{-D} is a synonym, for compatibility + with \cmdname{dvips}. Default is 600. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-format=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the format for lookup to \ttvar{name}. By default, the + format is guessed from the filename. For formats which do not have + an associated unambiguous suffix, such as \MP{} support files and + \cmdname{dvips} configuration files, you have to specify the name as + known to \KPS{}, such as \texttt{tex} or \texttt{enc files}. Run + \texttt{kpsewhich -{}-help} for a list. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-mode=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the mode name to \ttvar{string}; this only affects \samp{gf} + and \samp{pk} lookups. No default: any mode will be found. +\item[\texttt{-{}-must-exist}]\mbox{}\\ + Do everything possible to find the files, notably including + searching the disk. By default, only the \file{ls-R} database is + checked, in the interest of efficiency. +\item[\texttt{-{}-path=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Search along the path \ttvar{string} (colon-separated as usual), + instead of guessing the search path from the filename. \samp{//} and + all the usual expansions are supported. The options \samp{-{}-path} + and \samp{-{}-format} are mutually exclusive. +\item[\texttt{-{}-progname=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Set the program name to \texttt{\var{name}}. + This can affect the search paths via the \texttt{.\var{progname}} + feature. + The default is \cmdname{kpsewhich}. +\item[\texttt{-{}-show-path=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + shows the path used for file lookups of file type \texttt{\var{name}}. + Either a filename extension (\code{.pk}, \code{.vf}, etc.) or a + name can be used, just as with \samp{-{}-format} option. +\item[\texttt{-{}-debug=\var{num}}]\mbox{}\\ + sets the debugging options to \texttt{\var{num}}. +\end{ttdescription} + + +\subsubsection{Examples of use} +\label{SExamplesofuse} + +Let us now have a look at \KPS{} in action. Here's a straightforward search: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich article.cls} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls +\end{alltt} +We are looking for the file \file{article.cls}. Since the \samp{.cls} +suffix is unambiguous we do not need to specify that we want to look for a +file of type \optname{tex} (\TeX{} source file directories). We find it in +the subdirectory \file{tex/latex/base} below the \samp{texmf-dist} \TL\ +directory. Similarly, all of the following are found without problems +thanks to their unambiguous suffix. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich array.sty} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/array.sty +> \Ucom{kpsewhich latin1.def} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/latin1.def +> \Ucom{kpsewhich size10.clo} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo +> \Ucom{kpsewhich small2e.tex} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/small2e.tex +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tugboat.bib} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/bibtex/bib/beebe/tugboat.bib +\end{alltt} + +That last is a \BibTeX{} bibliography database for \textsl{TUGBoat} articles. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich cmr10.pk} +\end{alltt} +Font bitmap glyph files of type \file{.pk} are used by display +programs like \cmdname{dvips} and \cmdname{xdvi}. Nothing is returned in +this case since there are no pre-generated Computer Modern \samp{.pk} +files in \TL{}\Dash the Type~1 variants are used by default. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich wsuipa10.pk} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\else /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/ +... wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\fi\end{alltt} + +For these fonts (a phonetic alphabet from the University of Washington) +we had to generate \samp{.pk} files, and since the default \MF{} mode on +our installation is \texttt{ljfour} with a base resolution of 600\dpi{} +(dots per inch), this instantiation is returned. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich -dpi=300 wsuipa10.pk} +\end{alltt} +In this case, when specifying that we are interested in a resolution +of 300\dpi{} (\texttt{-dpi=300}) we see that no such font is available on +the system. A program like \cmdname{dvips} or \cmdname{xdvi} would +go off and actually build the required \texttt{.pk} files +using the script \cmdname{mktexpk}. + +Next we turn our attention to \cmdname{dvips}'s header and configuration +files. We first look at one of the commonly used files, the general +prolog \file{tex.pro} for \TeX{} support, before turning our attention +to the generic configuration file (\file{config.ps}) and the \PS{} font +map \file{psfonts.map}\Dash as of 2004, map and encoding files have +their own search paths and new location in \dirname{texmf} trees. As +the \samp{.ps} suffix is ambiguous we have to specify explicitly which +type we are considering (\optname{dvips config}) for the file +\texttt{config.ps}. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tex.pro} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/tex.pro +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.ps} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/config/config.ps +> \Ucom{kpsewhich psfonts.map} + /usr/local/texmf/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map +\end{alltt} + +We now take a closer look at the \acro{URW} Times \PS{} support +files. The prefix for these in the standard font naming scheme is +\samp{utm}. The first file we look at is the configuration file, +which contains the name of the map file: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.utm} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/dvips/psnfss/config.utm +\end{alltt} +The contents of that file is +\begin{alltt} + p +utm.map +\end{alltt} +which points to the file \file{utm.map}, which we want to +locate next. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utm.map} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/times/utm.map +\end{alltt} +This map file defines the file names of the Type~1 \PS{} fonts in +the URW collection. Its contents look like (we only show part of the +lines): +\begin{alltt} +utmb8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb +utmbi8r NimbusRomNo9L-MediItal... <utmbi8a.pfb +utmr8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +utmri8r NimbusRomNo9L-ReguItal... <utmri8a.pfb +utmbo8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb +utmro8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +\end{alltt} +Let us, for instance, take the Times Roman instance +\file{utmr8a.pfb} and find its position in the \file{texmf} directory +tree with a search for Type~1 font files: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utmr8a.pfb} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/urw/times/utmr8a.pfb +\else /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/ +... urw/utm/utmr8a.pfb +\fi\end{alltt} + +It should be evident from these examples how you can easily locate the +whereabouts of a given file. This is especially important if you suspect +that the wrong version of a file is picked up somehow, since +\cmdname{kpsewhich} will show you the first file encountered. + +\subsubsection{Debugging actions} +\label{Debugging} + +Sometimes it is necessary to investigate how a program resolves file +references. To make this practical, \KPS{} offers various levels of +debugging output: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{\ 1}] \texttt{stat} calls (disk lookups). When running + with an up-to-date \file{ls-R} database this should almost give no + output. +\item[\texttt{\ 2}] References to hash tables (such as \file{ls-R} + databases, map files, configuration files). +\item[\texttt{\ 4}] File open and close operations. +\item[\texttt{\ 8}] General path information for file types + searched by \KPS. This is useful to find out where a particular + path for the file was defined. +\item[\texttt{16}] Directory list for each path element (only relevant + for searches on disk). +\item[\texttt{32}] File searches. +\end{ttdescription} +A value of \texttt{-1} will set all the above options; in practice, +this is usually the most convenient. + +Similarly, with the \cmdname{dvips} program, by setting a combination of +debug switches, one can follow in detail where files are being picked up +from. Alternatively, when a file is not found, the debug trace shows in +which directories the program looks for the given file, so that one can +get an indication what the problem~is. + +Generally speaking, as most programs call the \KPS{} library +internally, one can select a debug option by using the +\envname{KPATHSEA\_DEBUG} environment variable, and setting it to (a +combination of) values as described in the above list. + +(Note for Windows users: it is not easy to redirect +all messages to a file in this system. For diagnostic purposes +you can temporarily \texttt{SET KPATHSEA\_DEBUG\_OUTPUT=err.log}). + +Let us consider, as an example, a small \LaTeX{} source file, +\file{hello-world.tex}, which contains the following input. +\begin{verbatim} + \documentclass{article} + \begin{document} + Hello World! + \end{document} +\end{verbatim} +This little file only uses the font \file{cmr10}, so let us look at +how \cmdname{dvips} prepares the \PS{} file (we want to use the Type~1 +version of the Computer Modern fonts, hence the option \texttt{-Pcms}). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips -d4100 hello-world -Pcms -o} +\end{alltt} +In this case we have combined \cmdname{dvips}'s debug class 4 (font +paths) with \KPS's path element expansion (see \cmdname{dvips} Reference +Manual, \OnCD{texmf/doc/html/dvips/dvips_toc.html}). +The output (slightly rearranged) appears in +Figure~\ref{fig:dvipsdbga}. +\begin{figure*}[tp] +\centering +\input{examples/ex6a.tex} +\caption{Finding configuration files}\label{fig:dvipsdbga} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6b.tex} +\caption{Finding the prolog file}\label{fig:dvipsdbgb} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6c.tex} +\caption{Finding the font file}\label{fig:dvipsdbgc} +\end{figure*} + +\cmdname{dvips} starts by locating its working files. First, +\file{texmf.cnf} is found, which gives the definitions of the search +paths for the other files, then the file database \file{ls-R} (to +optimize file searching) and the file \file{aliases}, which makes it +possible to declare several names (e.g., a short \acro{DOS}-like 8.3 and +a more natural longer version) for the same file. Then \cmdname{dvips} +goes on to find the generic configuration file \file{config.ps} +before looking for the customization file \file{.dvipsrc} (which, in +this case is \emph{not found}). Finally, \cmdname{dvips} locates the +config file for the Computer Modern \PS{} fonts \file{config.cms} +(this was initiated with the \texttt{-Pcms} option on the \cmdname{dvips} +command). This file contains the list of the map files which +define the relation between the \TeX{}, \PS{} and file system +names of the fonts. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{more /usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms} + p +ams.map + p +cms.map + p +cmbkm.map + p +amsbkm.map +\end{alltt} +\cmdname{dvips} thus goes on to find all these files, plus the generic +map file \file{psfonts.map}, which is always loaded (it contains +declarations for commonly used \PS{} fonts; see the last part of +Section \ref{SExamplesofuse} for more details about \PS{} map +file handling). + +At this point \cmdname{dvips} identifies itself to the user: +\begin{alltt} +This is dvips(k) 5.92b Copyright 2002 Radical Eye Software (www.radicaleye.com) +\end{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn +Then it goes on to look for the prolog file \file{texc.pro}: +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(texc.pro) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro +\end{alltt} +\else +Then it goes on to look for the prolog file \file{texc.pro} (see +Figure~\ref{fig:dvipsdbgb}). +\fi + +After having found the file in question, \cmdname{dvips} outputs +date and time, and informs us that it will generate the +file \file{hello-world.ps}, then that it needs the font file +\file{cmr10}, and that the latter is declared as ``resident'' (no +bitmaps needed): +\begin{alltt}\small +TeX output 1998.02.26:1204' -> hello-world.ps +Defining font () cmr10 at 10.0pt +Font cmr10 <CMR10> is resident. +\end{alltt} +Now the search is on for the file \file{cmr10.tfm}, which is found, +then a few more prolog files (not shown) are referenced, and finally +the Type~1 instance \file{cmr10.pfb} of the font is located and +included in the output file (see last line). +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm, must\_exist=1, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//: + /var/tex/fonts/tfm//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm +kdebug:start search(file=texps.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + ... +<texps.pro> +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.pfb, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb +<cmr10.pfb>[1] +\end{alltt} + +\subsection{Runtime options} + +Another useful feature of \Webc{} is its possibility to control a number +of memory parameters (in particular, array sizes) via the runtime file +\file{texmf.cnf} read by \KPS{}. The memory settings can be found in +Part 3 of that file in the \TL{} distribution. The more important +are: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{main\_memory}] + Total words of memory available, for + \TeX{}, \MF{} and \MP. You must make a new format file for each + different setting. For instance, you could generate a ``huge'' + version of \TeX{}, and call the format file \texttt{hugetex.fmt}. + Using the standard way of specifying the program name used by \KPS{}, + the particular value of the \texttt{main\_memory} variable will then + be read from \file{texmf.cnf}. + etc.). +\item[\texttt{extra\_mem\_bot}] + Extra space for ``large'' \TeX{} data structures: + boxes, glue, breakpoints, etc. Especially useful if you use + \PiCTeX{}. +\item[\texttt{font\_mem\_size}] + Number of words for font information available for \TeX. This + is more or less the total size of all TFM files read. +\item[\texttt{hash\_extra}] + Additional space for the hash table of control sequence names. + Approximately 10,000 control sequences can be stored in the main + hash table; if you have a large book with numerous cross-references, + this might not be enough. The default value of + \texttt{hash\_extra} is \texttt{50000}. +\end{ttdescription} + +\noindent Of course, this facility is no substitute for truly dynamic +arrays and memory allocation, but since these are extremely difficult to +implement in the present \TeX{} source, these runtime parameters provide +a practical compromise allowing some flexibility. + + +\begin{comment} +\section{Building on a new Unix platform} + +If you have a platform for which executables are not included, you will +need to compile \TeX{} and friends. This is not as hard as it +sounds. What you need is all in the directory \texttt{source} in the +distribution. + +\subsection{Prerequisites} + +You will need at least 100 megabytes of disk space to compile all of +\TeX{} and its support programs. You'll also need an \acro{ANSI} C +compiler, a \cmdname{make} utility, a lexical scanner, and a parser +generator. We recommend the \acro{GNU} version of these programs +(\cmdname{gcc}, \acro{GNU} \cmdname{make}, \cmdname{m4}, \cmdname{flex}, +\cmdname{bison}). You may be able to work with other C compilers and +\cmdname{make} programs, but you will need a good understanding of +building Unix programs to sort out problems. + +Also, the command \texttt{uname} must return a sensible value. + + +\subsection{Configuration} + +To begin, perform a normal installation of \TL{} to your disk (see +section~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} on +\p.\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk}). You may wish to skip installing +all of the prebuilt binaries. + +Then, unpack the source from the compressed \texttt{tar} file in the +directory \dirname{source} to your disk and change directory to where +you placed it. + +Next, run \cmdname{configure} with a command line like this: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh configure -prefix=/usr/local/TeX} +\end{alltt} + +The \optname{-prefix} directory is the one where you installed the +support tree; the directory layout will be as follows (where \$TEXDIR +stands for the directory you chose): + +\noindent +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll@{}} + \dirname{$TEXDIR/share/texmf} & main tree with fonts,\\ + & \qquad macros, etc\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/man} & Unix manual pages\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/info} & \acro{GNU} style Info manuals\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin/$PLATFORM} & binaries\\ +\end{tabular} +%$ + +If you want to leave out the \dirname{$PLATFORM} directory level, +i.e., put the binaries directly into \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin}, specify +the \verb|--disable-multiplatform| option to \cmdname{configure}. + +Have a look at the output of \verb|./configure --help| for more +options you can use. For example, you can skip building of \OMEGA{} and +\eTeX{}. + + +\subsection{Running \cmdname{make}} + +Make sure the shell variable or option \texttt{noclobber} is not set. +Then, run the main \cmdname{make} like this: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make world} +\end{alltt} +and relax\ldots + +Alternatively, you want to log all the output, as in: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh -c "make world >world.log 2>\&1" \&} +\end{alltt} + +Before you believe that everything went ok, please check the log file +for errors: \acro{GNU} \cmdname{make} always uses the string \samp{***} +whenever a command fails. Also, check if all the programs were built: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd \var{TEXDIR}/bin/\var{archname}} +> \Ucom{ls | wc} +\end{alltt} +The result should be over 200 (you can check the exact number with the +\dirname{bin} directory contents in the distribution). + +If you need special privileges for \texttt{make install}, you can +separate the \samp{make world} into two different runs, like this: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make all} +> \Ucom{su} +> \Ucom{make install strip} +\end{alltt} + +After you've installed your new binaries, you should follow the normal +post-installation procedures, given in section~\ref{sec:postinstall} +(\p.\pageref{sec:postinstall}). + +Also, if you'd like to make your binaries available to others, please +contact us. We'll be happy to put them on the \TL\ web pages. +\end{comment} + +\section{Acknowledgements} + +\TL{} is a joint effort by virtually all of the \TeX{} user groups. +This edition of \TL{} was overseen by Sebastian Rahtz and Karl Berry. +The other principal contributors are listed below. + +\begin{itemize*} + +\item The German-speaking \TeX{} Users (\acro{DANTE} e.V.), who provide +the hardware for the \TL{} source repository; and Rainer Sch\"opf and +Reinhard Zierke who look after it. \acro{DANTE} officers Volker Schaa +and Klaus H\"oppner coordinate production with the Lehmann's Bookstore +(\url{http://www.lob.de}). + +\item The Perforce corporation (\url{http://www.perforce.com}), for providing +a free copy of their excellent change management system, which we use +to manage the \TL{} sources. + +\item Peter Breitenlohner and the \eTeX\ team for the stable foundation +of future \TeX's. + +\item Thomas Esser, without whose marvelous \teTeX{} package \TL{} +would certainly not exist, and whose continual help makes it a better +product. + +\item Michel Goossens, who co-authored the original documentation. + +\item Eitan Gurari, whose \TeX4ht was used to create the \HTML{} +version of this documentation, and who worked tirelessly to improve +it at short notice. + +\item Hans Hagen, for major testing and making the \ConTeXt\ format +conform to \TL's needs. + +\item Pawe{\l} Jackowski, for the Windows installer \cmdname{tlpm}, +and Tomasz {\L}uczak, for \cmdname{tlpmgui}. + +\item \Thanh, Martin Schr\"oder, and the pdf\TeX\ team for continuing +enhancements of \TeX's abilities. + +\item Petr Olsak, who coordinated and checked all the Czech and Slovak +material very carefully. + +\item Fabrice Popineau, for the Windows binaries in \TL{}. + +\item Staszek Wawrykiewicz, the principal tester for all of \TL{}, +and coordinator of the many major Polish contributions: fonts, Windows +installation, and more. + +\item Olaf Weber, for his patient assembly and maintenance of Web2C, +upon which all else depends. + +\item Gerben Wierda, for creating and maintaining the \MacOSX\ support, +and much integration and testing. + +\item Graham Williams, on whose work the catalogue of packages depends. + +\end{itemize*} + +Builders of the binaries: +Tigran Aivazian (\pkgname{x86\_64-linux}), +Manfred Lotz (\pkgname{i386-freebsd}), +Fabrice Popineau (\pkgname{win32}), +Norbert Preining (\pkgname{alpha-linux}), +Vladimir Volovich (\pkgname{powerpc-aix}, \pkgname{sparc-linux}, + \pkgname{sparc-solaris}), +Staszek Wawrykiewicz (\pkgname{i386-linux}), +Olaf Weber (\pkgname{mips-irix}), +Gerben Wierda (\pkgname{i386-darwin}, \pkgname{powerpc-darwin}). + +Documentation and translation updates: +Karl Berry (English), +Daniel Flipo \& Fabrice Popineau (French), +G\"unter Partosch \& Hartmut Henkel (German), +Petr Sojka \& Jan Busa (Czech\slash Slovak), +Boris Veytsman (Russian), +Staszek Wawrykiewicz (Polish). + +Of course the most important acknowledgement must go to Donald Knuth, first +for inventing \TeX, and then for giving it to the world. + + +\section{Release history} +\label{sec:history} + +\subsection{Past} + +Discussion began in late 1993 when the Dutch \TeX{} Users Group was +starting work on its 4All\TeX{} \CD{} for \acro{MS-DOS} users, and it +was hoped at that time to issue a single, rational, \CD{} for all +systems. This was too ambitious a target for the time, but it did spawn +not only the very successful 4All\TeX{} \CD{}, but also the \acro{TUG} +Technical Council working group on a \emph{\TeX{} Directory Structure} +(\url{http://tug.org/tds}), which specified how to create consistent and +manageable collections of \TeX{} support files. A complete draft of the +\TDS{} was published in the December 1995 issue of \textsl{TUGboat}, and +it was clear from an early stage that one desirable product would be a +model structure on \CD{}. The distribution you now have is a very direct +result of the working group's deliberations. It was also clear that the +success of the 4All\TeX{} \CD{} showed that Unix users would benefit +from a similarly easy system, and this is the other main strand of +\TL. + +We first undertook to make a new Unix-based \TDS{} \CD{} in the autumn +of 1995, and quickly identified Thomas Esser's \teTeX{} as the ideal +setup, as it already had multi-platform support and was built with +portability across file systems in mind. Thomas agreed to help, and work +began seriously at the start of 1996. The first edition was released in +May 1996. At the start of 1997, Karl Berry completed a major new release +of Web2c, which included nearly all the features which Thomas Esser had +added in \teTeX, and we decided to base the 2nd edition of the \CD{} on +the standard \Webc, with the addition of \teTeX's \texttt{texconfig} +script. The 3rd edition of the \CD{} was based on a major revision of +\Webc, 7.2, by Olaf Weber; at the same time, a new revision of \teTeX +was being made, and \TL{} included almost all of its features. The +4th edition followed the same pattern, using a new version of \teTeX, +and a new release of \Webc{} (7.3). The system now included a complete +Windows setup. + +For the 5th edition (March 2000) many parts of the \CD{} were revised +and checked, updating hundreds of packages. Package details were stored +in XML files. But the major change for \TeX\ Live 5 was that all +non-free software was removed. Everything in \TL{} is now intended +to be compatible with the Debian Free Software Guidelines +(\url{http://www.debian.org/intro/free}); we have done our best to check +the license conditions of all packages, but we would very much +appreciate hearing of any mistakes. + +The 6th edition (July 2001) had much more material updated. The major +change was a new install concept: the user could select a more exact set +of needed collections. Language-related collections were completely +reorganized, so selecting any of them installs not only macros, fonts, +etc., but also prepares an appropriate \texttt{language.dat}. + +The 7th edition of 2002 had the notable addition of \MacOSX{} support, +and the usual myriad of updates to all sorts of packages and +programs. An important goal was integration of the source back with +\teTeX, to correct the drift apart in versions~5 and~6. + +\subsubsection{2003} + +In 2003, with the continuing flood of updates and additions, we found +that \TL{} had grown so large it could no longer be contained on a +single \CD, so we split it into three different distributions (see +section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, \p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). In +addition: + +\begin{itemize*} +\item At the request of the \LaTeX{} team, we changed the standard + \cmdname{latex} and \cmdname{pdflatex} commands to now use \eTeX{} (see + \p.\pageref{text:etex}). +\item The new Latin Modern fonts were included (and are recommended). +\item Support for Alpha \acro{OSF} was removed + (\acro{HPUX} support was removed previously), since no one had (or + volunteered) hardware available on which to compile new binaries. +\item Windows setup was substantially changed; for the first time + an integrated environment based on XEmacs was introduced. +\item Important supplementary programs for Windows + (Perl, Ghost\-script, Image\-Magick, Ispell) are now installed + in the \TL{} installation directory. +\item Font map files used by \cmdname{dvips}, \cmdname{dvipdfm} + and \cmdname{pdftex} are now generated by the new program + \cmdname{updmap} and installed into \dirname{texmf/fonts/map}. +\item \TeX{}, \MF{}, and \MP{} now, by default, output most input + characters (32 and above) as themselves in output (e.g., + \verb|\write|) files, + log files, and the terminal, i.e., \emph{not} translated using the + \verb|^^| notation. In \TL{}~7, this translation was + dependent on the system locale settings; now, locale settings do + not influence the \TeX{} programs' behavior. If for some reason + you need the \verb|^^| output, rename the file + \verb|texmf/web2c/cp8bit.tcx|. (Future releases will have cleaner + ways to control this.) +\item This documentation was substantially revised. +\item Finally, since the edition numbers had grown unwieldy, + the version is now simply identified by the year: \TL{} 2003. +\end{itemize*} + + +\subsubsection{2004} + +2004 saw many changes: + +\begin{itemize} + +\item If you have locally-installed fonts which use their own +\filename{.map} or (much less likely) \filename{.enc} support files, you +may need to move those support files. + +\filename{.map} files are now searched for in subdirectories of +\dirname{fonts/map} only (in each \filename{texmf} tree), along the +\envname{TEXFONTMAPS} path. Similarly, \filename{.enc} files are now +searched for in subdirectories of \dirname{fonts/enc} only, along the +\envname{ENCFONTS} path. \cmdname{updmap} will attempt to warn about +problematic files. + +For methods of handling this and other information, please see +\url{http://tug.org/texlive/mapenc.html}. + +\item The \TK\ has been expanded with the addition of a \MIKTEX-based +installable \CD, for those who prefer that implementation to Web2C. +See section~\ref{sec:struct-tl} (\p.\pageref{sec:struct-tl}). + +\item Within \TL, the single large \dirname{texmf} tree of previous +releases has been replaced by three: \dirname{texmf}, +\dirname{texmf-dist}, and \dirname{texmf-doc}. See +section~\ref{sec:tld} (\p.\pageref{sec:tld}), and the \filename{README} +files for each. + +\item All \TeX-related input files are now collected in +the \dirname{tex} subdirectory of \dirname{texmf*} trees, rather than +having separate sibling directories \dirname{tex}, \dirname{etex}, +\dirname{pdftex}, \dirname{pdfetex}, etc. See +\CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions} +{\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions}}. + +\item Helper scripts (not meant to be invoked by users) are now located +in a new \dirname{scripts} directory of \dirname{texmf*} trees, and +searched for via \verb|kpsewhich -format=texmfscripts|. So if you have +programs which call such scripts, they'll need to be adjusted. See +\CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts} +{\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts}}. + +\item Almost all formats leave most characters printable as +themselves via the ``translation file'' \filename{cp227.tcx}, instead of +translating them with the \verb|^^| notation. Specifically, characters +at positions 32--256, plus tab, vertical tab, and form feed are +considered printable and not translated. The exceptions are plain \TeX\ +(only 32--126 printable), \ConTeXt\ (0--255 printable), and the +\OMEGA-related formats. This default behavior is almost the same as in +\TL\,2003, but it's implemented more cleanly, with more possibilities +for customization. See \CDref{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files} +{\texttt{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files}}. +(By the way, with Unicode input, \TeX\ may output partial character +sequences when showing error contexts, since it is byte-oriented.) + +\item \textsf{pdfetex} is now the default engine for all formats +except (plain) \textsf{tex} itself. (Of course it generates \acro{DVI} +when run as \textsf{latex}, etc.) This means, among other things, that +the microtypographic features of \textsf{pdftex} are available in +\LaTeX, \ConTeXt, etc., as well as the \eTeX\ features +(\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/}). + +It also means it's \emph{more important than ever} to use the +\pkgname{ifpdf} package (works with both plain and \LaTeX) or equivalent +code, because simply testing whether \cs{pdfoutput} or some other +primitive is defined is not a reliable way to determine if \acro{PDF} +output is being generated. We made this backward compatible as best we +could this year, but next year, \cs{pdfoutput} may be defined even when +\acro{DVI} is being written. + +\item pdf\TeX\ (\url{http://pdftex.org}) has many new features: + + \begin{itemize*} + + \item \cs{pdfmapfile} and \cs{pdfmapline} provide font map support + from within a document. + + \item Microtypographic font expansion can be used more easily.\\ + \url{http://www.ntg.nl/pipermail/ntg-pdftex/2004-May/000504.html} + + \item All parameters previously set through the special configuration + file \filename{pdftex.cfg} must now be set through primitives, + typically in \filename{pdftexconfig.tex}; \filename{pdftex.cfg} is no + longer supported. Any extant \filename{.fmt} files must be redumped + when \filename{pdftexconfig.tex} is changed. + + \item See the pdf\TeX\ manual for more: \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual}. + + \end{itemize*} + +\item The \cs{input} primitive in \cmdname{tex} (and \cmdname{mf} and +\cmdname{mpost}) now accepts double quotes containing spaces and other +special characters. Typical examples: +\begin{verbatim} +\input "filename with spaces" % plain +\input{"filename with spaces"} % latex +\end{verbatim} +See the Web2C manual for more: \OnCD{texmf/doc/web2c}. + +\item enc\TeX\ support is now included within Web2C and consequently all +\TeX\ programs, via the \optname{-enc} option\Dash \emph{only when +formats are built}. enc\TeX\ supports general re-encoding of input and +output, enabling full support of Unicode (in \acro{UTF}-8). See +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/generic/enctex/} and +\url{http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html}. + +\item Aleph, a new engine combining \eTeX\ and \OMEGA, is available. +A little information is available in \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base} +and \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=aleph}. The +\LaTeX-based format for Aleph is named \textsf{lamed}. + +\item The latest \LaTeX\ release has a new version of the +\acro{LPPL}\Dash now officially a Debian-approved license. Assorted +other updates, see the \filename{ltnews} files in +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/latex/base}. + +\item \cmdname{dvipng}, a new program for converting \acro{DVI} to +\acro{PNG} image files, is included. See \OnCD{texmf/doc/man/man1/dvipng.1}. + +\item We reduced the \pkgname{cbgreek} package to a ``medium'' sized set +of fonts, with the assent and advice of the author (Claudio Beccari). +The excised fonts are the invisible, outline, and transparency ones, +which are relatively rarely used, and we needed the space. The full set +is of course available from \acro{CTAN} +(\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/greek/cb}). + +\item \cmdname{oxdvi} has been removed; just use \cmdname{xdvi}. + +\item The \cmdname{ini} and \cmdname{vir} commands (links) for +\cmdname{tex}, \cmdname{mf}, and \cmdname{mpost} are no longer created, +such as \cmdname{initex}. The \cmdname{ini} functionality has been +available through the command-line option \optname{-ini} for years now. + +\item \textsf{i386-openbsd} platform support was removed. Since the +\pkgname{tetex} package in the \acro{BSD} Ports system is available, and +\acro{GNU/}Linux and Free\acro{BSD} binaries were available, it seemed +volunteer time could be better spent elsewhere. + +\item On \textsf{sparc-solaris} (at least), you may have to set the +\envname{LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH} environment variable to run the +\pkgname{t1utils} programs. This is because they are compiled with C++, +and there is no standard location for the runtime libraries. (This is +not new in 2004, but wasn't previously documented.) Similarly, on +\textsf{mips-irix}, the \acro{MIPS}pro 7.4 runtimes are required. + +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Present} +\label{tlcurrent} + +2005 saw the usual huge number of updates to packages and programs. +The infrastructure stayed relatively stable from 2004, but inevitably +there were some changes there as well: + +\begin{itemize} + +\item New scripts \cmdname{texconfig-sys}, \cmdname{updmap-sys}, and + \cmdname{fmtutil-sys} were introduced, which modify the + configuration in the system trees. The \cmdname{texconfig}, + \cmdname{updmap}, and \cmdname{fmtutil} scripts now modify + user-specific files, under \dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}. + See section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}. + +\item Corresponding new variables \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} and + \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} to specify the trees where configuration + files (user or system, respectively) are found. Thus, you may + need to move personal versions of \filename{fmtutil.cnf} and + \filename{updmap.cfg} to these places; another option is to + redefine \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} or \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} in + \filename{texmf.cnf}. In any case the real location of these files + and the values of \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} and \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} + must agree. + See section~\ref{sec:texmftrees}, \p.\pageref{sec:texmftrees}. + +\item Last year, we kept \verb|\pdfoutput| and other primitives undefined + for DVI output, even though the \cmdname{pdfetex} program was + being used. This year, as promised, we undid that compatibility + measure. So if your document uses \verb|\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined| + to test if PDF is being output, it will need to be changed. You + can use the package \pkgname{ifpdf.sty} (which works under both + plain \TeX\ and \LaTeX) to do this, or steal its logic. + +\item Last year, we changed most formats to output (8-bit) characters as + themselves (see previous section). The new TCX file + \filename{empty.tcx} now provides an easier way to get the + original \verb|^^| notation if you so desire, as in: +\begin{verbatim} +latex --translate-file=empty.tcx yourfile.tex +\end{verbatim} + +\item The new program \cmdname{dvipdfmx} is included for translation of + DVI to PDF; this is an actively maintained update of + \cmdname{dvipdfm} (which is also still available for now, though + no longer recommended). + +\item The new programs \cmdname{pdfopen} and \cmdname{pdfclose} are included + to allow reloading of pdf files in the Adobe Acrobat Reader without + restarting the program. (Other pdf readers, notably \cmdname{xpdf}, + \cmdname{gv}, and \cmdname{gsview}, have never suffered from this + problem.) + +\item For consistency, the variables \envname{HOMETEXMF} and + \envname{VARTEXMF} have been renamed to \envname{TEXMFHOME} and + \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR}, respectively. There is also + \envname{TEXMFVAR}, which is by default user-specific. See the + first point above. + +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Future} + +\emph{\TL{} is not perfect!} (And never will be.) We intend to +continue to release new versions yearly, and would like to provide more +help material, more utilities, more installation programs, and (of +course) an ever-improved and checked tree of macros and fonts. This work +is all done by hard-pressed volunteers in their limited spare time, and +a great deal remains to be done. If you can help, don't hesitate to put +your name forward! + +Please send corrections, suggestions, and offers of help to:\hfill\null +\begin{quote} +Sebastian Rahtz \ / \ 7 Stratfield Road \ / \ Oxford OX2 7BG \ / \ UK \\ +\email{tex-live@tug.org} \\ +\url{http://tug.org/texlive} +\end{quote} + +\medskip +\noindent \textsl{Happy \TeX ing!} + +\end{document} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/live4ht.cfg b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/live4ht.cfg new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..affcc553fc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/live4ht.cfg @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +% tex4ht configuration file for the TeX Live documentation. +% Accumulated over many years. Public domain. +% +% html specifies the main output format. +% info for extra debugging info in the log files. + +% better approach is to have html in one piece (including footnotes). +% also the newest TeX4ht could produce UTF-8 output (-utf8 option) +\Preamble{charset=utf-8,html,info,fn-in} + +% add extra stylesheet +\Configure{@HEAD}{\HCode{% +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="\jobname.css" />\Hnewline +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="tex-live.css" />\Hnewline +}} + +% or LaTeX complains it is missing. +\begin{document} + +\EndPreamble + +% simplify output for HTML. We leave TeX and LaTeX alone, since tex4ht +% actually does the lowered E (and raised A) in CSS. +\def\OMEGA{Omega} +\def\LaTeXe{LaTeX2e} +\def\eTeX{e-\TeX} +\def\acro#1{#1} +\def\MF{Metafont} +\def\BibTeX{BibTeX} +\def\warningbox{} +\def\endwarningbox{} + +\newif\ifhackliterals +\ifx\tldocenglish\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocrussian\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocgerman\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +% +\ifhackliterals + % these definitions cause "missing } inserted" at \end{tabularx} in + % French and Czech. don't know why. + % + % don't make these into links, as happens with \path. We only have a couple + % special characters that actually occur. + \def\dirname{\texttt\bgroup\catcode`\$=12 \catcode`\_=12 \finishliteral} + \def\finishliteral#1{#1\egroup} + \let\filename=\dirname +\fi diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/tex-live.css b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/tex-live.css new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5062bc0d229 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/tex-live.css @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +/* $Id$ + Simple CSS for TeX Live that adds margins and a little color. + original by Bzyl Wlodzimierz, edited by Karl Berry, 2005. + Public domain. */ + +html { + // top left bottom right + margin: 15pt 15pt 15pt 15pt; + background: rgb(255,255,224); +} + +body { + margin: 0 5pt 0 5pt; + padding: 0; + //matw: background: rgb(224,255,224); + // (It looks better to me to have a consistent background --karl) +// fonts in browser are low resolution; +// therefore generated serif are poor quality, +// so they disturb reading (that is my opinion) + font-family: sans-serif; + font-style: normal; +} + +/* (It looks better to me to not vary colors at every level --karl) */ + +h3.sectionHead { + padding: 12pt 10pt 12pt 20pt; + //matw: background: rgb(192,224,255); + background: rgb(224,224,255); + color: rgb(0,0,32); +} + +h4.subsectionHead { + padding: 7pt 10pt 7pt 40pt; + background: rgb(224,224,255); + color: rgb(0,0,32); +} + +h5.subsubsectionHead { + padding: 3pt 10pt 3pt 40pt; + //matw: background: rgb(224,255,255); + background: rgb(224,224,255); + color: rgb(0,0,32); +} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/tex-live.sty b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/tex-live.sty new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..13ea2251275 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/tex-live.sty @@ -0,0 +1,429 @@ +% $Id: //depot/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/tex-live.sty#13 $ $Author: karl $ $Date: 2005/11/01 $ +% TeX Live documentation style. Written by many people over many years. +% Public domain. +% +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01] +\ProvidesPackage{tex-live}[2005/09/24 v1.5 TeX Live documentation style] +% +\RequirePackage{alltt} +\RequirePackage{array} +\RequirePackage{colortbl} +\RequirePackage{comment} +\RequirePackage{float} +\RequirePackage{graphicx} +\RequirePackage{longtable} +\RequirePackage{shortvrb} +\RequirePackage[normalem]{ulem} +\RequirePackage[obeyspaces]{url} +\RequirePackage{xspace} +% +\RequirePackage{lmodern} +\usepackage{textcomp}% including \textbullet +\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} +\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} +% +% for a proper \acro command (even in the context of the definition in +% ltugboat -- \DRC overrides without checking) +\RequirePackage{relsize} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\acro}[1]{\textsmaller{#1}\@} +% +\RequirePackage{fancyvrb} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{fverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\footnotesize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{sverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\small} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{boxedverbatim} + {Verbatim}{fontsize=\scriptsize,frame=single} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{Verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\def\verbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\boxedverbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[frame=single,fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\listinginput#1#2{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize,firstnumber=#1,numbers=left]{#2}} +\MakeShortVerb\| +% +% +% Done with packages. +% +% Page layout. +\advance\textwidth by 1.1in +\advance\oddsidemargin by -.55in +\advance\evensidemargin by -.55in +% +\advance\textheight by 1in +\advance\topmargin by -.5in +\advance\footskip by -.5in +\pagestyle{headings} +% +% LaTeX parameters. +\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.85} +\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.86} +\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.1} +\renewcommand{\belowcaptionskip}{4pt} +\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} +\setcounter{topnumber}{5} +\setcounter{totalnumber}{5} +% +% linebreaking, etc. +\hbadness=4000 +\vbadness=4000 +\emergencystretch=.1\hsize +\relpenalty=500 +% +\def\slash{/\penalty\z@\hskip\z@skip } +% +% various sorts of names +\newcommand*{\pkgname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% package name +\newcommand*{\optname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% (package,class) option name +\newcommand*{\cmdname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% command name +\newcommand*{\colname}[1]{\emph{#1}}% collection name +\newcommand*{\dirname}[1]{\path{#1}}% directory name +\newcommand*{\filename}[1]{\path{#1}}% file name +\newcommand*{\envname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% environment variable name +\newcommand{\code}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\file}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\prog}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\samp}[1]{`\texttt{#1}'} +\newcommand{\var}[1]{{\sl #1}}% not \textsl, for roman not typewriter slanted. +\newcommand{\ttvar}[1]{\texttt{\var{#1}}} +% +% underlined command input. +\def\Ucom#1{% + \uline{\rule[-.2\baselineskip]{0pt}{.9\baselineskip}\ttfamily #1}} +% +% \CDref is for url's with a #, where we need to write the target url and +% displayed url separately in the input, due to catcode madness. +% (We could simplify/remove this next time, I think.) +\def\CDref#1#2{\texttt{#1}} +% +% \OnCD is currently for any other reference to a file or directory in +% the distribution. PDF readers only open .pdf files, though, so we +% should change this to only use \href for those. Or more likely use +% different macros in the source. +\def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{\path{#1}}} +% +% \href incorrectly appends .pdf to anything without an extension; these +% definitions using \hyper@linkurl do not, but they fail for .pdf +% references -- which are the only ones that work anyway. So this is +% useless, in practice. +%\def\CDref#1#2{\hyper@linkurl{#2}{../../../../#1}} +%\def\OnCD#1{\hyper@linkurl{\path{#1}}{../../../../#1}} + +% GUI menu/button/tab sequence: +\def\guiseq#1{\textsf{#1}} +\def\arw{\unskip$\rightarrow$\ignorespaces} +% +% Special names. +\def\dpi{$\,$dpi\xspace} +\def\bs{{\protect\normalfont\ttfamily\char'134}} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\cs}[1]{{\normalfont\ttfamily\char`\\#1}} +\def\Q#1{\par\vskip6pt\leftline{#1}\par} +\def\hyph{-} +% +% many abbreviations. +\newcommand{\CS}{$\mathcal{C}\kern-.1667em\lower.5ex% + \hbox{$\mathcal{S}$}\kern-.075em $} +\def\AFMtoTFM{\cmdname{AFM2TFM}\null} +\def\bv{\emph{Baskerville}} +\let\BV=\bv +\def\Dash{\unskip\nobreak\thinspace---\thinspace\ignorespaces} +\def\dvicopy{\cmdname{dvicopy}} +\def\dvidvi{\cmdname{dvidvi}} +\def\dvips{\cmdname{dvips}} +\def\eTeX{$\varepsilon$-\TeX} +\def\fpTeX{\textrm{fp}\TeX\xspace} +\def\GFtoDVI{\cmdname{GFtoDVI}\null} +\def\GFtoPK{\cmdname{GFtoPK}\null} +\def\GFtype{\cmdname{GFtype}} +\def\KPS{Kpathsea} +\def\La{La} +\def\OMEGA{$\Omega$} +\def\OzMF{OzMF} +\def\OzMP{OzMP} +\def\OzTeX{O\kern-.03em z\kern-.15em\TeX} +\def\p.{p.\,} +\def\PKtype{\cmdname{PKtype}} +\def\PLtoTF{\cmdname{PLtoTF}\null} +\def\ProTeXt{Pro\TeX t} +\def\teTeX{\textrm{te}\TeX\xspace} +\def\TeXLive{\TeX{} Live\xspace} +\def\TFtoPL{\cmdname{TFtoPL}\null} +\def\TK{\textsf{\TeX\ Collection}} +\let\TL=\TeXLive +\def\TypeI{Type~1} +\def\VFtoVP{\cmdname{VFtoVP}\null} +\def\VPtoVF{\cmdname{VPtoVF}\null} +\def\Thanh{H\`an~Th\^e\llap{\raise 0.5ex\hbox{\'{}}}~Th\`anh} +\def\XEmTeX{\textrm{XEm}\TeX\xspace} +\def\XEmacs{\textrm{XEmacs}\xspace} +\def\Webc{Web2C} +\providecommand*{\CD}{\acro{CD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\CTAN}{\acro{CTAN}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\DVD}{\acro{DVD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\HTML}{\acro{HTML}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\MacOSX}{Mac\,\acro{OS\,X}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\PS}{Post\-Script\xspace} +\providecommand*{\TDS}{\acro{TDS}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\dvi}{\acro{DVI}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\web}{\texttt{web}\xspace} + +% Include an image. +% #1 - name of image (pictures/#1.jpg, always .jpg please) +% #2 - bb for html +% #3 - width for TeX +% +\def\tlimage#1#2#3{% + \ifnum \Status=2 % html, want relative path in output + \includegraphics[#2]{../../general/texlive-common/pictures/#1.jpg} + \else % not html, handled by TEXINPUTS in Makefile + \includegraphics[width=#3]{pictures/#1.jpg} + \fi + \\[5mm] +} +% +% description-like environment that uses tt instead of bf, and doesn't +% go to the left margin. Without the \hfil, get an underfull box. +% Don't know why \descriptionlabel doesn't. +% +\newenvironment{ttdescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt % these lists tend to have short descriptions + \parindent=0pt + \let\makelabel=\ttdescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\ttdescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\ttfamily #1\hfil} +% +% Likewise, for commands using sans serif. +\newenvironment{cmddescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt + \let\makelabel=\cmddescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\cmddescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\sffamily #1\hfil} + +% General squeezed itemize. +\newenvironment{itemize*}% + {\begin{itemize}% + \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}% + \setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}% + {\end{itemize}} + +\newsavebox{\wbox} +\newenvironment{warningbox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\wbox} + \begin{minipage}{.95\textwidth}} + {\end{minipage}\end{lrbox}\fbox{\usebox{\wbox}}} +% +% lrbox is used as a representation marking. I changed it to +% lrBox in tne source file, to get closer to logical marking +\newsavebox{\mylrbox} +\newenvironment{lrBox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\mylrbox}} + {\end{lrbox}} + + +% emacs-page output setup +% +\ifx \HCode\UnDef + \providecommand{\Status}{0}% running TeX +\else + \providecommand{\Status}{2}% running TeX4ht +\fi +%\typeout{Status is \Status} +% +\newif\ifSingleColumn +% +% By default, we won't be creating hyperlinks. +\def\href#1#2{#2} +\def\hypertarget#1#2{} +\def\email#1{\href{mailto:#1}{\path{#1}}} % \path comes from url +% +\definecolor{hypercolor}{rgb}{0.5,0.0,0.5} % purplish external links. +% +% +\ifcase\Status + % \Status = 0 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in DVI format} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 1 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in PDF format} + \RequirePackage[breaklinks, + colorlinks,linkcolor=hypercolor,citecolor=hypercolor, + pagecolor=hypercolor,urlcolor=hypercolor, + filecolor=hypercolor, + bookmarksopen, + %pdfstartview={FitBH -320000}, % fails with acrobat7 + hyperindex] + {hyperref} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 2 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in HTML format} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + % read our config file, live4ht.cfg; q.v., for more definitions. + % hyperref load must come after the tex4ht load. + \RequirePackage[live4ht]{tex4ht} + \RequirePackage[tex4ht]{hyperref} \hyperlinkfileprefix{} + % definitions need simplifying for TeX4ht to make relative paths work. + \def\CDref#1#2{\href{../../../../#1}{#2}} + \def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{#1}} + \or + % \Status = 3 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a Baskerville issue} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \RequirePackage{bvoutln}% outline of baskerville + \SingleColumnfalse + \RequirePackage{multicol} + \or + % \Status = 4 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a TUB article} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \SingleColumnfalse + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} +\fi +% +\ifnum \Status=4 +\else + \RequirePackage{texnames} + \providecommand\TeXXeT{\TeX-{}-% + \kern-.1emX\kern-.125em\lower.5ex\hbox{E}\kern-.1667emT\@} + \def\MP{MetaPost} + \let\mf\MF + \newcommand\ConTeXt{C\kern-.0333emon\-\kern-.0667em\TeX\kern-.0333emt} + \newcommand\MIKTEX{MiK\kern-.025em \TeX}% per www.miktex.org + % from pictex.tex: + \ifx\PiC\undefined \def\PiC{P\kern-.12em\lower.5ex\hbox{I}\kern-.075emC} \fi + \ifx\PiCTeX\undefined \def\PiCTeX{\PiC\kern-.11em\TeX} \fi +\fi +% +% hacking at sections etc., to pay attention to baskerville status +\newcommand{\@condend@multicols}{% + \ifSingleColumn + \else + \def\@tempa{multicols}% + \ifx\@tempa\@currenvir + \end{multicols}% + \fi + \fi +} +\let\Section\section +\renewcommand{\section}{% + \@ifstar + {\Section*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@section + }% +} +\def\@full@section[#1]#2{% + \Section[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} +\let\SubSection\subsection +\renewcommand{\subsection}{% + \@ifstar{\SubSection*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@subsection + } +} +\def\@full@subsection[#1]#2{% + \SubSection[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} + +% calm things down a bit if we're in a multiple-column version +\ifSingleColumn +\else + \def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini + \parsep \z@ + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \let\@listi\@listI + \@listi + \def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii + \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii + \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 1\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \partopsep \z@ + \itemsep \topsep + } + \def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv + \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv + \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi + \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } +\fi +% +% array package stuff +\def\arraybackslash{\let\\=\@arraycr} +\newcolumntype{P}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}} +% +% shaded rows (using facilities of colortbl) +% +\definecolor{pale}{gray}{.9} +\newcount\colrow +\gdef\RowColor{pale} +\def\SetRowColor{% + \rowcolor{\RowColor}% + \global\advance\colrow by1\relax + \ifodd\colrow + \gdef\RowColor{pale}% + \else + \gdef\RowColor{white}% + \fi +} +% redefine to hack up a reference even though we don't need it... +\renewcommand\@bibitem[1]{\if@filesw \immediate\write\@auxout + {\string\bibcite{#1}{?}}\fi\ignorespaces} +% +% \unknownTeXlive is a dummy texlive entry for the biblio +\newcommand\unknownTeXlive[2][\relax]{\textbf{\textsc{unknown}}% + \global\@all@unknown\expandafter{\the\@all@unknown{#2}}% +} +\newtoks\@all@unknown +\global\@all@unknown{} +\AtEndDocument{\@message@unknowns} +\def\@message@unknowns{\edef\@tempa{\the\@all@unknown}% + \ifx\@tempa\@empty + \else + \def\@tempa{*** TeX live package location of }% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns\the\@all@unknown\@empty + \fi +} +\def\@output@unknowns#1{\edef\@tempb{#1}% + \ifx\@tempb\@empty + \typeout{ unknown}% + \else + \message{\@tempa#1,}% + \def\@tempa{}% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns + \fi +} + + +% Silence font warnings about no bold typewriter in LM. +\def\@font@warning#1{}% + +% Silence hyperref warnings about \kern. +\def\HyPsd@Warning#1{}% + +\endinput diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/Makefile b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..95c8457ce86 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +include ../../english/texlive-en/Makefile + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/french/live-fr.pdf b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/french/live-fr.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0ab3fa407a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/french/live-fr.pdf diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/live.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/live.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..84bac656b7f --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/live.tex @@ -0,0 +1,3857 @@ +%Format: pdf + +% $Id: //depot/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/live.tex#31 $ +% $Author: staw $ $Date: 2005/10/31 $ +% +% Change history (started May 18th 2002) +% 2005/11/01: synced with 2005 English version, by Daniel Flipo +% 2004/10/28: synced with 2004 English version, by Daniel Flipo +% 2003/08/28: synced with 2003 English version, by Éric Picheral and Jacques André +% 2002/05/25: proof-reading and corrections, by Daniel Flipo +% 2002/05/18: synced with English version, by Fabrice +% +\documentclass{article} +%\let\tldocenglish=1 % *NOT* for French + +\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} + +\usepackage{caption} +\DeclareCaptionLabelSeparator{endash}{\space\textendash\space} +\captionsetup{labelsep=endash} + +\usepackage[frenchb]{babel} +\usepackage{xspace} +\addto\captionsfrench{\def\figurename{{\scshape Figure}}} +\addto\captionsfrench{\def\tablename{{\scshape Table}}} +\AddThinSpaceBeforeFootnotes +\FrenchFootnotes +\NoAutoSpaceBeforeFDP + +\newcommand{\THANH}{Hàn Th\'{ê} Thanh} + +\usepackage{comment} + +\usepackage{ifpdf} +% tex-live.sty suppose \hyper@linkurl défini... +\ifpdf + \def\Status{1} % (df) Pour faire charger hyperref dans tex-live.sty +\else + \makeatletter + \def\hyper@linkurl#1#2{#2} % undefined if hyperref.sty not loaded + \makeatother +\fi + +\usepackage{tex-live} +%%%% Ajout J.A. à garder +\newcommand{\CDdemo}{\acro{CD} \pkgname{demo}\xspace} +\newcommand{\CDinst}{\acro{CD} \pkgname{inst}\xspace} +\newcommand{\DVDlive}{\acro{DVD} \pkgname{live}\xspace} +\renewcommand{\samp}[1]{\og \texttt{#1}\fg{}} + +%%%% Ajout (df) +% Alias +\let\XemTeX\XEmTeX +% (df) La commande \TeXLive n'est pas utilisée en v.f. +\renewcommand{\TL}{\TeX{} Live\xspace}% Robuste (pas besoin de \protect)... +% tex-live.sty fait précéder les no de page d'une fine... si on veut +% une insécable normale, décommenter la ligne suivante : +\def\p.{p.~} +% La commande \path de url.sty ajoute des espaces parasites, pas \url, d'où +\let\path\url +% mais ceci impose de remplacer \path|...| par \path{...}. + +\setlength{\parindent}{0mm} +\addtolength{\parskip}{.25\baselineskip} + +\begin{document} + +\title{{\huge Guide pratique de \TL{}} \\ \strut + {\LARGE\textsf{\TK{} 2005}} + } + +\author{Sebastian Rahtz \& Karl Berry \\[3mm] + \url{http://tug.org/texlive/}\\[5mm] + \textit{Version française}\\[3mm] + Daniel Flipo (GUTenberg) + } + +\date{Octobre 2005} + +\maketitle +\thispagestyle{empty} % no need for page number + +\newpage +\begin{multicols}{2} +\tableofcontents +\listoftables +\end{multicols} + +\section{Introduction} +\label{sec:intro} + +Ce document décrit les principales caractéristiques de la +distribution \TL{}, une distribution de \TeX{} et \LaTeX{} +pour Linux et autres Unix, \MacOSX{} et systèmes Windows 32 bits +(attention, cette distribution n'est pas vraiment utilisable avec +les anciens systèmes Mac ou \acro{MS-DOS}). Elle comprend les binaires +pré-compilés de \TeX{}, \LaTeXe{}, \MF, \MP, \BibTeX{} et de nombreux +autres programmes ainsi qu'une bibliothèque étendue de macros, de +fontes et de documentations. Elle traite aussi la composition de textes +qui utilisent plusieurs systèmes d'écritures différentes venant de toute +la surface du globe. +La distribution \TL{} est en fait un sous-ensemble de \TK{} (décrit brièvement +à la section ~\ref{sec:struct-tl}, \p.\pageref{sec:struct-tl}) +produit grâce aux efforts combinés des différents groupes d'utilisateurs +de \TeX. + +L'édition 2005 a été figée en octobre 2005. % (df) à préciser ? +Les futures mises à jour des composants de la distribution 2005 +seront disponibles au fur et à mesure de leur parution sur le site +\acro{CTAN}, \url{http://www.ctan.org}. + +On trouvera à la fin du document, section~\ref{sec:history} +(\p.\pageref{sec:history}), un bref historique des principales modifications +apportées au fil du temps à la distribution \TL. + +Les utilisateurs des éditions précédentes de \TL{} sont invités +à lire, \emph{avant toute mise à jour}, la section~\ref{tlcurrent} +\p.\pageref{tlcurrent} qui présente les principaux changements intervenus +cette année. + + +\subsection{Utilisation élémentaire de \TL{}} +\label{sec:basic} + +Vous pouvez utiliser \TL{} de trois façons différentes : +\begin{enumerate} +\item Vous pouvez exécuter \TL{} directement depuis le + \DVDlive{} (toutes plates-formes). + Cela prend très peu d'espace disque et + donne un accès immédiat à tout le contenu de + \TL. C'est une solution parfaitement acceptable même si les + performances obtenues sont moins bonnes que si \TL{} était + lancé depuis un disque local. +\item Vous pouvez installer tout ou partie de \TL{} sur un disque + local. C'est l'utilisation la plus fréquente de \TL{}. + Ceci peut se faire à partir du \DVDlive{} ou de l'un des \CD de la + distribution (voir section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, + \p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). + Il faut disposer d'un minimum de 120\,Mo, mais on recommande au moins +%(df) un peu mensonger... schéma GUT = 800 Mo chez moi ! + 400\,Mo pour un système standard ou 800\,Mo pour un système complet. +\item Vous pouvez incorporer un jeu de composants particulier ou une + collection dans un système \TeX{} déjà présent, soit un + système \TL{} installé précédemment, soit un système \TeX{} différent. +\end{enumerate} + +Ces trois utilisations sont décrites en détail dans les sections +concernant l'installation spécifique à chaque système. +Quelques remarques générales : + +\begin{itemize} + +\item Le script d'installation globale pour Unix et pour \MacOSX{} s'appelle +\texttt{install-tl.sh}. + +\item Pour installer une extension ou une collection, on utilise le script + d'installation \texttt{install-pkg.sh}. + +\item Le programme d'installation pour Windows s'appelle + \cmdname{tlpmgui.exe}, il sert aussi à ajouter ou supprimer des composants + dans une installation existante (voir section~\ref{sec:win-install}). + +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Obtenir de l'aide} +\label{sec:help} + +La communauté \TeX{} est à la fois active et conviviale ; pratiquement +toute question sérieuse finit par obtenir une réponse. Le support est +pourtant informel, assuré par des volontaires et des lecteurs +occasionnels, aussi est-il particulièrement important que vous fassiez +votre propre travail de recherche avant de poser la question (si vous +préférez un support commercial, vous pouvez renoncer à \TL{} et +acheter un système payant ; voir une liste à +\url{http://tug.org/interest.html#vendors}). + +Voici une liste de ressources, classées selon l'ordre dans lequel nous +recommandons de les utiliser : + +\begin{description} +\item [Getting Started] Pour ceux qui débutent en \TeX, la page web +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html} contient une courte description +du système. + +\item [\acro{FAQ} \TeX{}] La \acro{FAQ} \TeX{} est un vaste recueil + de réponses à toutes sortes de questions, de la plus élémentaire à la + plus complexe. Elle est enregistrée sur le \DVDlive{} dans + \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en} + et elle est disponible sur Internet à + l'adresse \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq}. + Merci de consulter cette FAQ avant toute question. + +\item [Catalogue \TeX{}] Si vous recherchez une extension, une fonte, + un programme, ... particuliers, il faut examiner le catalogue + \TeX{}. C'est une importante liste de tous les éléments relatifs à + \TeX{}. Voir \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/catalogue} sur le \DVDlive{}, + ou \url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue}. + +\item [Ressources \TeX{} sur le Web ] La page web + \url{http://tug.org/interest.html} propose + beaucoup de liens relatifs à \TeX{}, en particulier concernant des + livres, manuels et articles portant sur tous les aspects du système. + +\item [Archives des forums d'aide] Les principaux forums dédiés + au support de \TeX{} sont les groupes de news Usenet + \url{news:comp.text.tex} (en anglais) et \url{news:fr.comp.text.tex} + (en français) ainsi que les listes de diffusion + \email{texhax@tug.org} (en anglais) et \email{gut@ens.fr} (en français). + Les archives correspondantes contiennent des + milliers de questions et réponses déjà traitées et permettent + une recherche fructueuse. Voir \foreignlanguage{english}% + {\url{http://groups.google.com/groups?group=comp.text.tex}} + et \url{http://tug.org/mail-archives/texhax}, respectivement. Une + question posée sur un moteur de recherche, tel que + \url{http://google.com}, peut aussi fournir des réponses pertinentes. + +\item [Poster une question] Si vous n'obtenez pas de réponse, vous + pouvez poster la question à \dirname{comp.text.tex} via Google ou + votre lecteur de news, ou encore par messagerie à + \email{texhax@tug.org}. Mais avant de le faire, merci de lire + l'introduction de la \acro{FAQ} donnant les conseils sur la façon de + rédiger la question pour avoir des chances d'obtenir une réponse : + \foreignlanguage{english}% + {\url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=askquestion}}. + +\item [Support de \TL{}] Si vous voulez faire un rapport + d'anomalie, émettre des suggestions ou des commentaires sur la + distribution \TL{}, l'installation ou la documentation, utilisez + la liste de diffusion \email{tex-live@tug.org}. Mais attention, si + la question concerne l'utilisation d'un programme particulier inclus + dans \TL{}, il vaut mieux que vous écriviez directement à la + personne ou à la liste de diffusion qui maintient le programme. + +\end{description} + +L'autre aspect du sujet concerne l'aide à apporter aux personnes +soumettant des questions. Les forums \dirname{comp.text.tex}, +\dirname{fr.comp.text.tex} ainsi que les listes de diffusion \code{texhax} +et \code{gut} +sont ouverts à tous, aussi n'hésitez pas à vous y joindre, à commencer +la lecture et à fournir de l'aide là où cela vous est possible. +Bienvenue dans le monde \TeX{} ! + +% No \protect needed as \TL is defined in French with \newcommand (robust). +\section{Structure de \TL} +\label{sec:struct-tl} + +Nous décrivons ici la structure et le contenu de \TL{} et +de \TK{} qui est un sur-ensemble de \TL. + +\subsection {Distributions multiples : \protect\pkgname{live}, + \protect\pkgname{inst}, \protect\pkgname{protext}} +\label{sec:multiple-dist} + +Des limitations d'espace liées au format des \acro{CD-ROM} nous ont contraint +à diviser \TK{} en plusieurs distributions : + +\begin{description} + +\item [live] Un système exécutable complet sur \acro{DVD} ; il est + trop volumineux pour tenir sur \acro{CD-ROM}. Le \DVD{} contient + aussi une image du système \CTAN{}, totalement indépendant de + \TL{}, la distribution Mac\TeX{} pour \MacOSX, la distribution \ProTeXt{} + pour Windows, ainsi que d'autres extensions + réunies dans un répertoire \texttt{texmf-extra}. + + Les droits d'utilisation des fichiers présents dans \CTAN, \ProTeXt, + Mac\TeX{} et \texttt{texmf-extra} diffèrent de ceux de \TL{}, pensez à lire + les licences si vous envisagez de modifier ou de redistribuer certains de + ces fichiers. + +\item [inst\textrm{(allable)}] Un système complet sur \CD{} pour les Unix + (dont Linux et \MacOSX{}) ; pour le faire + tenir sur le \CD, il a fallu compresser tout ce que nous avons + pu. Du coup, il n'est pas possible d'exécuter directement \TeX\ + depuis le \CD\ d'installation, il vous faut l'installer sur disque + (d'où le nom). L'installation est décrite dans les sections + concernées (\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} et \ref{sec:osx-unix-inst} + pour \MacOSX). + +\item [protext] Une extension du système \MIKTEX\ sur \CD{} pour + Windows. Cette distribution est totalement indépendante du \TL{}, + elle nécessite un mode d'installation spécifique. + Elle peut être installée sur disque ou exécutée directement + depuis le \CD. Le site de \ProTeXt\ se trouve ici : + \url{http://tug.org/protext}. + + \pkgname{protext} est fourni à la fois sur le \DVDlive{} et + sur un \CD{} spécifique pour ceux qui n'ont pas de lecteur de \DVD. + +\end{description} + +\noindent On peut déterminer la nature de la distribution +utilisée en recherchant le fichier \texttt{00\var{type}.TL} dans le +répertoire racine du médium utilisé (\CD{} ou \DVD{}). +Ce fichier contient aussi la date de dernière mise à jour du \TL. + +%(df) Que fait GUT ? +%Naturally, each user group chooses what to distribute, at its own +%discretion. (\acro{TUG} is sending all three discs above to all of its +%members.) + +\subsection{Répertoires situés à la racine} +\label{sec:tld} + +Les répertoires les plus importants situés à la racine +% (df) bin et source ne sont pas sur \CDinst +du \DVDlive{} +sont énumérés ci-dessous. Cette année, la distribution \TL{} +est dans un sous-répertoire \dirname{texlive2005} et non à la racine. +%%% (df) confus : on parle du CD ou du DVD +\smallskip +\begingroup + \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} % open up interrow spacing +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}lp{.78\hsize}} +% (df) bin pas présent sur \CDinst : les .zip des binaires sont dans 'archive' +bin & Programmes de la famille \TeX{}, rangés dans des + sous-répertoires selon les plates-formes. \\ +% pas sur \CDinst +source & Le code source de tous les programmes, incluant la + distribution \Webc{} de \TeX{} et \MF{}. Il s'agit d'une archive au + format \texttt{tar}, compressée par bzip2. + % Ajout (df) + Faute de place, le répertoire \texttt{source} + n'est pas sur le \CDinst{} (seulement sur le \DVDlive{}).\\ +support & Ensemble d'extensions et programmes auxiliaires. Ils ne + sont \emph{pas} installés par défaut. +% Faux (df) +% On y trouve \cmdname{Ghostscript}, \cmdname{netpbm} et un ensemble +% d'éditeurs orientés \TeX{}. +\\ +texmf & Répertoire contenant les programmes et leur documentation. + Ne contient ni les formats ni les extensions + (appelé \envname{TEXMFMAIN} dans la section suivante.) \\ +texmf-dist & Répertoire principal où se trouvent les extensions + les fontes, etc., avec leur documentation + (appelé \envname{TEXMFDIST} dans la section suivante.) \\ +texmf-doc & Répertoire contenant le reste de la documentation, + le sous-répertoire doc est organisé par langue. \\ +texmf-var & Répertoire contenant les fichiers générés automatiquement + (appelé \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} dans la section suivante.) \\ +xemtex & Répertoire contenant des programmes utiles pour Windows. + % ajout (df) + \emph{Ce n'est pas la distribution \XemTeX{} de + Fabrice Popineau !} +\end{tabular} +\endgroup + +\smallskip + +Le répertoire \dirname{texmf-doc} ne contient que de la documentation +mais pas toute la documentation. Celle concernant les programmes (manuels, +pages \textit{man} et fichiers de type \textit{info} est dans +\dirname{texmf/doc} car les programmes correspondants sont dans +\dirname{texmf}. De même, la documentation des extensions et formats +est dans \dirname{texmf-dist/doc}. Les commandes \cmdname{texdoc} ou +\cmdname{texdoctk} trouveront pour vous les documentations où quelles soient +sur le disque. % Bof... pas vrai chez moi (df) ? +Le fichier \OnCD{doc.html} du \DVDlive{} contient une liste de liens bien +utiles pour localiser les fichiers de documentation. + +On trouve également, au même niveau que les répertoires mentionnés ci-dessus, +les scripts d'installation et les fichiers \filename{README} (dans +différentes langues). + +\subsection{Description des arborescences texmf utilisées} +\label{sec:texmftrees} + +Nous donnons ici la liste complète des variables prédéfinies qui contiennent +les noms des différentes arborescences de type texmf et l'usage qui en est +fait. La commande \cmdname{texconfig conf} retourne les valeurs de ces +variables, ce qui permet de savoir où se trouvent ces différentes +arborescences dans une installation donnée. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXMFMAIN] contient les éléments essentiels du système, comme les + scripts (\cmdname{web2c/mktexdir}, etc.), les fichiers \file{.pool}, + etc. +\item [TEXMFDIST] contient les fichiers de macro (Plain, \LaTeX, \ConTeXt, + etc.,), les fontes, etc., de la distribution \TL. Rien ne devrait être + ni ajouté ni supprimé dans cette arborescence. +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] c'est là que l'administrateur de la machine + place les classes et extensions locales, les fontes non disponibles + dans \TL, etc. +\item [TEXMFHOME] contient les fichiers personnels (extensions, classes, + fontes) de l'utilisateur ; ce répertoire est sous \verb+$HOME+ % $ + par défaut. La variable \envname{TEXINPUTS} ne devrait plus être utilisée. +\item [TEXMFCONFIG] c'est là que les scripts \cmdname{updmap} et + \cmdname{fmtutil} recherchent leurs fichiers de configuration en priorité. + \cmdname{texconfig} y place les versions modifiées des fichiers de + configuration. Sous \verb+$HOME+ par défaut. %$ +\item [TEXMFSYSCONFIG] c'est là que les scripts \cmdname{updmap-sys} et + \cmdname{fmtutil-sys} recherchent leurs fichiers de configuration en + priorité. \cmdname{texconfig-sys} y place les versions modifiées des + fichiers de configuration. +\item [TEXMFVAR] c'est là que les scripts \cmdname{texconfig}, + \cmdname{updmap} et \cmdname{fmtutil} rangent les formats et les fichiers + \file{.map} qu'ils produisent. Sous \verb+$HOME+ par défaut. %$ +\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] c'est là que les scripts \cmdname{texconfig-sys}, + \cmdname{updmap-sys} et \cmdname{fmtutil-sys} rangent les formats et les + fichiers \file{.map} qu'ils produisent. +\end{ttdescription} + +Les possibilités offertes par \cmdname{texconfig} sont décrites à la + section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}. + + +\subsection{Les extensions de \TeX} +\label{sec:tex-extensions} + +\TL{} contient plusieurs extensions de \TeX{}. + +\begin{description} + +\item [\eTeX{}] \label{text:etex} ajoute un jeu, petit mais puissant, + de nouvelles + primitives et les extensions \TeXXeT{} pour l'écriture de droite + à gauche ; \eTeX{} est, en mode normal, 100\% compatible avec + \TeX{} standard. Pour plus de détails consulter le + fichier \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/etex_man.pdf} du \DVDlive{}. + +\item [pdf\TeX{}] produit, au choix, des fichiers au format Acrobat \acro{PDF} + ou au format \dvi{}. Le manuel d'utilisation se trouve sur le \DVDlive{} + dans \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/}. Le fichier + \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/pdftex/manual/samplepdf/samplepdf.tex} + présente un exemple d'utilisation. L'extension \pkgname{hyperref} + de \LaTeX{} possède une option \og \optname{pdftex}\fg{} qui + active tous les mécanismes nécessaires. + +\item [pdfe\TeX] combine les fonctionnalités de pdf\TeX\ et \eTeX. + C'est le moteur utilisé désormais par tous les formats à l'exception + de plain \TeX. + +\item [\OMEGA{} (Omega)] fonctionne en utilisant Unicode et des + caractères 16 bits, ce qui lui permet de travailler directement et + simultanément avec presque toutes les écritures du monde entier. + L'extension supporte aussi le chargement dynamique d'\acro{OTP} + (\OMEGA{} \emph{Translation Processes}) qui permet à l'utilisateur + d'appliquer sur des flux d'entrée quelconques des transformations + complexes qu'il aura lui-même définies. Voir la documentation + (pas vraiment à jour) dans \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/omega/base/doc-1.8.tex}. + +\item [Aleph] combine les fonctionnalités de \OMEGA\ et de \eTeX. + \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base} contient une documentation de base. + +\end{description} + +\subsection{Quelques autres programmes intéressants + dans \TL} + +Voici quelques autres programmes couramment utilisés et présents dans +\TL{} : + +\begin{cmddescription} + +\item [bibtex] Traitement de la bibliographie. + +\item [makeindex] Traitement des index. + +\item [dvips] Conversion \dvi{} vers \PS{}. + +\item [xdvi] Visualisation \dvi{} pour le système X Window. + +\item [dvilj] Pilote \dvi{} pour les imprimantes HP LaserJet. + +\item [dv2dt, dt2dv] Conversion \dvi{} vers ou depuis du texte simple. + +\item [dviconcat, dviselect] Couper/Coller de pages à partir de fichiers + \dvi{}. + +\item [dvipdfmx] Conversion \dvi{} vers \acro{PDF}, une autre approche que + celle de pdf\TeX\ (mentionné ci-dessus). Voir les extensions + \pkgname{ps4pdf} et \pkgname{pdftricks} pour d'autres alternatives. + +\item [psselect, psnup, \ldots] Utilitaires \PS{}. + +\item [lacheck] Vérification de syntaxe \LaTeX{}. + +\item [texexec] Processeur Con\TeX{}t et \acro{PDF}. + +\item [tex4ht] Conversion \TeX{} vers \acro{HTML}. + +\end{cmddescription} + + +\section{Utilisation sous Unix} +\label{sec:unix-install} + +Comme on l'a vu en section~\ref{sec:basic} \p.\pageref{sec:basic}, +le \TL{} peut être utilisé de trois façons principales : + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Exécution directe depuis le \DVDlive. +\item Installation sur le disque dur. +\item Intégration d'un jeu de composants ou collections dans un système +\TeX{} déjà installé. +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent +Les procédures spécifiques à Unix sont décrites pour chacun de ces cas +dans les sections qui suivent. + +\ifSingleColumn \begin{figure}[ht]\noindent \fi +\begin{warningbox} + \textbf{ATTENTION : } Les \CD{} et le \DVD{} sont au format ISO~9660 + (High Sierra), avec les extensions \og Rock Ridge\fg{} (et \og Joliet\fg{} + pour Windows). Votre système doit pouvoir reconnaître les + extensions \og Rock Ridge\fg{} pour une utilisation optimale de + \TL{}. Consultez votre documentation concernant la commande + \cmdname{mount} pour voir si c'est le cas. Si votre réseau local est + constitué de machines différentes, regardez + si vous pouvez monter les \CD{} sur une machine qui supporte + Rock Ridge et utiliser ce point de montage pour les autres machines. + +\leavevmode\quad +L'utilisation des \CD{} sur les systèmes modernes +ne devrait pas poser de problèmes. S'il y en avait, n'hésitez pas à +nous le faire savoir. +La suite de ce document suppose que vous avez installé et monté les + \CD{} avec une compatibilité Rock Ridge parfaite. +\end{warningbox} + +\ifSingleColumn\end{figure}\fi + +N.B. : les droits de \og root \fg{} sont souvent requis pour monter le \CD{}. +D'autre part, selon le type d'Unix utilisé, il vous faudra probablement +connaître le mot de passe de \og root \fg{} ou tout au moins utiliser la +commande \cmdname{sudo} pour effectuer l'installation (le droit +d'écriture sur le(s) répertoire(s) d'installation est évidemment +indispensable). Cette remarque concerne particulièrement les utilisateurs de +\MacOSX{} à qui nous recommandons de prendre d'abord connaissance de la +section~\ref{sec:mac-install} avant toute installation. + + +\subsection{Utiliser \TL{} à partir du \DVDlive} + +La liste des architectures sur lesquelles fonctionne \TL{} est donnée +page~\pageref{tab:archlist} (table~\ref{tab:archlist}). + +\def\runlive{% text repeated in windows section +On peut utiliser le système \TeX{} directement depuis \DVDlive, +sans l'installer sur le disque dur (d'où en fait le nom \TL). +Il \emph{n'est pas possible} de faire tourner \TeX{} directement +depuis le \CDinst{} (voir section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, +page~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). +}% fin \runlive + +\def\startinst{% repeated in other subsections +Pour démarrer, il faut d'abord \og monter \fg{} le médium avec les +extensions Rock Ridge. +La commande exacte varie d'un système à l'autre ; la commande suivante +fonctionne sous Linux, mais les noms du périphérique (ici +\filename{/dev/cdrom}) et du point de montage (ici \dirname{/mnt/cdrom}) +peuvent changer. +\\ N.B. Tous nos exemples utilisent \texttt{>} pour les lignes de +commandes \textit{(shell prompt)} ; les commandes de l'utilisateur sont +\underline{soulignées}. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Se placer au point de montage du lecteur : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} +}% fin startinst + +\def\installtlsh{% repeated in other subsections +Lancer le script \filename{install-tl.sh} : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh}\\ +Welcome to TeX Live... +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Après l'affichage de divers messages de bienvenue et une liste des +options du menu principal, l'installation réclame l'entrée d'une commande. +Taper alors le caractère voulu suivi d'un retour-chariot. Ne pas taper les +chevrons (ni \texttt{<} ni \texttt{>}) ; on peut utiliser des majuscules ou +des minuscules ; ici, les exemples utilisent des minuscules. +}% fin \installtlsh + +\runlive +\startinst +\installtlsh + +Pour exécuter \pkgname{live}, la première commande est \Ucom{d} +suivie de la sous-commande \Ucom{1} pour choisir le répertoire du disque +local où seront placés les fichiers (tels que les fontes et les formats) que +le système \TeX{} génère lui-même ainsi que les fichiers de configuration si +besoin est. On utilisera \dirname{/opt/texlive2005} dans cet exemple, +mais un utilisateur non privilégié peut très bien choisir un +sous-répertoire non-existant de son répertoire personnel (il sera créé +et ne contiendra donc que du matériel \TL{}). +Étant donné que les fichiers créés ne sont pas toujours compatibles d'une +année sur l'autre, il est recommandé d'inclure l'année dans le nom du +répertoire. +Si la valeur par défaut \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005} vous convient +(c.-à-d. que \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005} n'est pas un répertoire +existant et que vous avez les droits pour écrire sous \dirname{/usr/local}), +vous pouvez sauter cette étape. +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{d} +Current directories setup: +<1> TEXDIR: /usr/local/texlive/2005 +... +Enter command: \Ucom{1} +New value for TEXDIR [/usr/local/texlive/2005]: \Ucom{/opt/texlive2005} +... +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +\end{alltt} + +Retour au menu principal. La seconde (et dernière) commande est +\Ucom{r} +pour faire tourner \pkgname{live} à partir du \DVD{} sans pour autant +l'installer sur le disque dur : + +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +Preparing destination directories... +... +Welcome to the TeX Live! +> +\end{alltt} + +On se retrouve au niveau de la ligne de commande +comme on vient de le voir. + +Il faut maintenant modifier les deux variables +d'environnement \envname{PATH} et \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} comme indiqué +à l'écran quelques lignes au dessus de \og Welcome to TeX Live!\fg. +La syntaxe dépend du \textit{shell} utilisé. Les syntaxes +précises sont affichées pour les \textit{shell} de type Bourne ou compatible +(\cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{sh} \cmdname{ksh}, etc.) et pour les +\textit{C~shells} (\cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}). +Rappelons qu'il suffit de taper la commande \verb+echo $SHELL+ %$ +pour connaître le nom du \textit{shell} utilisé. +Le plus simple est de recopier par copier-coller, soit les deux lignes +commençant par \og\cmdname{setenv}\fg{} pour les \textit{C~shells}, +soit les trois lignes \og\envname{PATH=}\fg, \og\envname{TEXMFSYSVAR=}\fg, +\og\envname{export ...}\fg{} pour les \textit{shell} de type Bourne +(suivies d'un retour-chariot) dans le terminal de commandes. + +Ceci suffit pour pouvoir utiliser la distribution \TL{} +pendant toute la session. +Pour ne pas avoir à redéfinir \envname{PATH} et \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} +à chaque nouvelle connexion, il suffit d'entrer les mêmes commandes +à l'aide d'un éditeur dans le fichier d'initialisation du \textit{shell} +(\file{.bash\_profile}, \file{.profile} ou \file{.cshrc} +selon le cas). +L'initialisation se fera ensuite automatiquement au début de chaque nouvelle +session. + +\def\textruntexconfig{% + Une fois l'installation terminée et les variables d'environnement + initialisées, la dernière étape consiste à exécuter \cmdname{texconfig} ou + \cmdname{texconfig-sys} pour éventuellement modifier certains paramètres. + Ceci est expliqué à la section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, + \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}.% +} +\textruntexconfig + +\def\textifindoubt{% +Passez maintenant à la section~\ref{sec:test-install} pour effectuer +quelques tests de bon fonctionnement. + +En cas de doute, n'hésitez pas à contacter un gourou système pour +vous aider à résoudre vos problèmes, tels que la façon de monter le + médium \TL{}, le choix des répertoires à utiliser ou les modifications +à apporter dans vos fichiers d'initialisation. +}%fin textifindoubt +\textifindoubt + +\subsection{Installer \TL{} sur le disque} +\label{sec:unix-install-disk} + +Il est possible, et même habituel, d'installer le système \TeX{} à +partir du \TL{} sur le disque (\og dur\fg{}). +Ceci peut se faire en utilisant soit le \DVDlive, soit le \CDinst +(voir section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, \p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist} +pour des explications sur les différentes distributions). + +\startinst +\installtlsh + +La table~\ref{tab:main-menu-options} donne la liste des options du menu +principal. On peut choisir les options dans n'importe quel ordre, mais +\Ucom{i} doit être la dernière choisie. Il est cependant raisonnable de +procéder dans l'ordre où elles apparaissent ici ! + +% apparently here.sty [H] doesn't support table*. +\begin{table}[H] +\caption{Options d'installation du menu principal} +\label{tab:main-menu-options} +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll} +p & plate-forme que vous utilisez\\ +b & choix des binaires à installer (architectures multiples)\\ +s & \emph{schéma d'installation} de base + (complet, recommandé, GUTenberg, etc.).\\ +c & modifier le choix des collections individuelles\\ +l & modifier le choix des langues à installer\\ +d & répertoire où faire l'installation\\ +o & autres options\\ +i & lancer l'installation\\ +\end{tabular} +\end{table} + +Voici quelques précisions sur chaque option. + +\begin{description} + +\item[\optname{p} -- Platform (current).] Plate-forme utilisée.\\ +Le script d'installation détecte automatiquement la plate-forme +sur laquelle il tourne, il est en général inutile de modifier cette option, +sauf en cas d'erreur. + +\item[\optname{b} -- Binary architectures.] Binaires pour d'autres +architectures.\\ +Par défaut, seuls les binaires pour votre plate-forme seront installés. À +l'aide de ce menu-ci, il est possible de choisir d'installer aussi les +binaires pour d'autres plates-formes (ou de ne pas installer pour la +plate-forme courante). C'est utile si on partage un arbre \TeX\ +au travers d'un réseau de machines hétérogènes. +La table~\ref{tab:archlist} ci-dessous donne la liste des architectures +pour lesquelles des binaires sont disponibles. + +\begin{table*}[!ht] +%\captionsetup{margin=5mm,justification=centerfirst} +\caption{Les binaires sont disponibles pour les architectures suivantes.} +\label{tab:archlist} +%(df) vérifier la liste finale +\begin{tabular}{>{\hspace*{15mm}\ttfamily}lll} +alpha-linux & HP Alpha GNU/Linux \\ +%alphaev5-osf4.0d & HP Alphaev5 OSF \\ +%hppa2.0-hpux10.20 & HP9000 HPUX 10.20 \\ +i386-darwin & Intel x86 \MacOSX \\ +i386-freebsd & Intel x86 FreeBSD \\ +i386-linux & Intel x86 GNU/Linux \\ +%i386-openbsd3.3 & Intel x86 OpenBSD \\ +%i386-solaris2.8 & Intel x86 Solaris \\ +mips-irix & SGI IRIX \\ +powerpc-aix & IBM RS/6000 AIX \\ +powerpc-darwin & PowerPC \MacOSX \\ +sparc-linux & Sun Sparc GNU/Linux \\ +sparc-solaris & Sun Sparc Solaris \\ +win32 & Windows (32-bit) \\ +x86\_64-linux & Intel x86 64-bit GNU/Linux \\ +% \\ \hline +\end{tabular} +\end{table*} + +\item[\optname{s} -- Base Installation scheme.] +Schéma d'installation de base.\\ +Ce menu permet de choisir un type d'installation plus ou moins complet. +L'option par défaut (\optname{full}) installe tout, c'est un bon choix si +l'espace disque n'est pas limité. Les francophones préféreront peut-être +le schéma \acro{GUT}enberg, mais on peut choisir un ensemble minimal +(\optname{basic}) pour économiser de la place sur le disque. On trouve +aussi des ensembles spécifiques pour Omega ou pour les utilisateurs +d'\acro{XML}. + +\item[\optname{c} -- Individual collections.] Collections individuelles.\\ +Ce menu permet d'ajouter ou de supprimer des collections +parmi celles retenues par le schéma choisi ci-dessus. +Chaque collection\Dash fichiers de macros TeX, familles de fontes Metafont, +etc.\Dash{} est formée de plusieurs composants. +Attention, le programme différencie les lettres minuscules +des lettres capitales pour les touches de sélection. + +\item[\optname{l} -- Language collections.] Collections de langues.\\ +Ce menu fonctionne comme celui de \Ucom{c} pour modifier +le choix des langues à installer. +Attention, le programme différencie les lettres minuscules +des lettres capitales pour les touches de sélection. + +Voici la liste des collections de langues du \TL{} +(on garde ici les noms anglais des options qui sont ceux du système !) : + +% xx really should generate list from texmf/tpm/collection/tex-lang* +% a la install-tl.sh. +\begin{tabbing} +\hspace{.25\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.20\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.20\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.35\linewidth} \kill +African \textit{(qq scripts)} \> +Arabic \> +Armenian \> +Chinese\,Japanese\,Korean \\ +Croatian \> +Cyrillic \> +Czech/Slovak \> +Danish \\ +Dutch \> +Finnish \> +French \> +German \\ +Greek \> +Hebrew \> +Hungarian \> +Indic \\ +Italian \> +Latin \> +Manju \> +Mongolian \\ +Norwegian \> +Polish \> +Portuguese \> +Spanish \\ +Swedish \> +Tibetan \> +\acro{UK} English \> +Vietnamese \\ +\end{tabbing} + +\noindent Les collections de langues comprennent normalement des fontes, +macros, motifs de césure et autres fichiers. Par exemple, +\pkgname{frenchle.sty} est installé lorsqu'on sélectionne la collection +\optname{French}. Par ailleurs, l'installation d'une langue de la collection +modifie le fichier de configuration \filename{language.dat} qui contrôle +quelles divisions (ou coupures de mots) sont chargées. + +\item[\optname{d} -- Installation directories] Choix des +répertoires d'installation.\\ \label{text:instdir} +Ceci concerne les trois répertoires suivants : + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXDIR] +Répertoire de plus haut niveau sous lequel tout le reste sera installé, +la valeur par défaut est \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005}. +Il est conseillé de faire figurer l'année dans le nom choisi, de façon à +pouvoir conserver séparément plusieurs versions de \TL. +L'ajout d'un lien symbolique +\dirname{/usr/local/texlive/current} qui pointe vers la version à utiliser +facilitera grandement le basculement d'une version +à l'autre et le retour à l'ancienne version en cas de problème. + +Sous \MacOSX, les interfaces utilisateurs recherchent \TeX{} +dans \dirname{/usr/local/teTeX} ; plutôt que d'installer la distribution \TL{} +dans ce répertoire, on pourra faire l'installation par défaut +(dans \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005} donc) et ajouter deux liens +symboliques : \dirname{current} qui pointe vers \dirname{2005} et +\dirname{teTeX} qui pointe vers \dirname{current}. Pour cela il suffit de +taper les deux commandes suivantes dans un terminal : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{(cd /usr/local/texlive ; ln -s ./2005 ./current)} +> \Ucom{(cd /usr/local ; ln -s ./texlive/current teTeX)} +\end{alltt} + +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] +C'est dans cette arborescence que doivent être placés les fichiers +non fournis par \TL{}. +La valeur par défaut est \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local}. +C'est l'endroit recommandé pour y mettre les classes et les fichiers de style +locaux, les fontes (par exemple commerciales) non disponibles +sur \TL{} ainsi que les paramètres de configuration locaux. + +\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] +C'est dans cette arborescence que les scripts \cmdname{texconfig-sys}, +\cmdname{fmtutil-sys}, \cmdname{updmap-sys} installent les fichiers qui +sont spécifiques à la version, notamment les fichiers de format. +La valeur par défaut est \dirname{TEXDIR/texmf-var}, il n'y a en +général aucune raison de la changer. +Les fichiers configuration modifiables par \cmdname{texconfig-sys} (voir +section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}), comme +\filename{fmtutil.cnf} et \filename{updmap.cfg}, sont eux dans +\envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}. +\end{ttdescription} + +\item[\optname{o} -- Other Options.] +Ce menu permet de choisir les options suivantes : + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [a] Pour spécifier un autre répertoire pour les fontes générées. +La valeur par défaut utilise l'arborescence \envname{TEXMFVAR}, comme on +l'a dit plus haut. +Si vous voulez que l'arborescence principale soit accessible en lecture +uniquement, cette option permet de choisir une autre localisation +(qui doit bien sûr être accessible en lecture-écriture pour tous) +pour ranger les fontes créées dynamiquement. + +\item [l] Pour créer des liens symboliques pour les binaires, +la documentation \textit{(man pages)} ou les fichiers Info \acro{GNU}. +Par exemple, on peut désirer rendre la documentation de type \textit{man} +accessible depuis \dirname{/usr/local/man} et les fichiers Info +depuis \dirname{/usr/local/info} (il faut alors bien sûr avoir les droits +d'écriture dans les répertoires spécifiés). + +En revanche, il est déconseillé d'utiliser cette option pour les binaires. +Rendre les binaires \TL{} accessibles depuis \dirname{/usr/local/bin} +risque de masquer définitivement, y compris pour \textit{root}, les +binaires \TeX\ fournis en standard sur la plate-forme. +Sous Linux par exemple, \textit{root} doit utiliser par défaut les binaires +\teTeX{} fournis avec la distribution installée (Debian, Mandrake, RedHat, +etc.) et non ceux fournis par \TL. + +\item [d] Pour ne pas installer l'arborescence de la documentation +sur les fontes et les macros. Utile pour économiser de l'espace +disque ou bien si la documentation a été installée auparavant à un +autre emplacement. + +\item [s] Pour ne pas installer l'arborescence des fichiers source. +Ceci peut être utile si cette arborescence est commune à +différentes machines ou architectures, (partage par \acro{NFS} ou +\cmdname{automount} par exemple). + +\end{ttdescription} + +\item[\optname{i} -- Perform Installation.] Installer.\\ +Quand les options de configuration sont satisfaisantes, on peut taper +\Ucom{i} pour lancer effectivement l'installation. + +\end{description} + +Lorsque l'installation est terminée, l'étape suivante consiste à inclure dans +la variable \envname{PATH} des usagers (autres que \textit{root} +cf. ci-dessus) le sous-répertoire de \dirname{TEXDIR/bin} spécifique à +l'architecture de façon que les programmes nouvellement installés puissent +être trouvés. Le tableau~\ref{tab:archlist} (page~\pageref{tab:archlist}) +donne la liste des noms des architectures ; on peut aussi lister le contenu de +\dirname{TEXDIR/bin} pour déterminer le nom du sous-répertoire de +\dirname{TEXDIR/bin} à inclure en tête de \envname{PATH}. + +\label{text:path} +La syntaxe de cette commande et le fichier d'initialisation à utiliser +dépendent du système utilisé. Pour un \textit{shell} Bourne ou +compatible (\cmdname{sh}, \cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, etc.), il +faut mettre dans le fichier \filename{$HOME/.profile}% %$ +\footnote{Pour les utilisateurs qui possèdent un fichier + \filename{$HOME/.bash_profile}, c'est dans ce dernier qu'il faut redéfinir + la variable \envname{PATH}, car pour eux, \filename{$HOME/.profile} est + sans effet.} +des futurs utilisateurs de \TL{} : +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/\Ucom{\emph{TEXDIR}}/bin/\Ucom{\emph{archname}}:$PATH; export PATH +\end{alltt} + +\noindent +et pour un \textit{C~shell} (\cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}), +mettre dans le fichier \filename{$HOME/.cshrc} : +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /\Ucom{\emph{TEXDIR}}/bin/\Ucom{\emph{archname}}:$PATH +\end{alltt} %$ + +Sous \MacOSX{} ceci se peut se faire de la manière suivante, qui évite d'avoir +à ouvrir un éditeur sur un fichier caché : +on redevient utilisateur de base, on se place dans son répertoire personnel, +en tapant dans le Terminal +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{exit ; cd} +\end{alltt} +On vérifie quel est le \textit{shell} utilisé en tapant +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{echo $SHELL} +\end{alltt} %$ +Si la réponse est \filename{bash} (ou \filename{sh}) le fichier à modifier est +\file{.profile}, si c'est \filename{tcsh} (ou \filename{csh}) +le fichier à modifier est \file{.cshrc}.\\ +Cas de \filename{bash} : on tape dans le terminal\footnotemark{} +\addtocounter{footnote}{-1} +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{touch .profile} +> \Ucom{echo "export PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2005/bin/powerpc-darwin:$PATH" >> .profile} +> \Ucom{source .profile} +\end{alltt} %$ +Cas de \filename{tcsh} : on tape dans le terminal% +\footnote{Cet exemple suppose qu'on a fait l'installation dans +\dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005}, sinon il faut adapter \envname{PATH} en +conséquence.} +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{touch .cshrc} +> \Ucom{echo "setenv PATH /usr/local/texlive/2005/bin/powerpc-darwin:$PATH" >> .cshrc} +> \Ucom{source .cshrc} +\end{alltt} %$ +La mise à jour de la variable \envname{PATH} est terminée. + +\medskip +Voici un court exemple qui sélectionne une installation complète avec +les binaires du système actuel seulement (on accepte tous les choix par +défaut). Les \acro{RETURN} sont omis ici. + +% Respecter les espaces pour aligner les # !!! +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +\Ucom{i} # lancer l'installation +# Redevenir utilisateur de base (non root) +> \Ucom{exit ; cd} +# Nouveau PATH (sous Linux, SHELL=bash, compte avec fichier \file{.bash_profile}) : +> \Ucom{echo "export PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2005/bin/i386-linux:$PATH" >> .bash_profile} +> \Ucom{source .bash_profile} # faire prendre en compte le nouveau PATH +\end{alltt} %$ + +\textruntexconfig + +\medskip %J.A. + +\textifindoubt + +% +\subsection{Ajouter des composants à une installation} + +On peut ajouter des composants individuels ou des collections de la +distribution actuelle à une distribution autre que \TL{} ou +à une installation plus ancienne de \TL{}. Ceci peut se faire soit à partir +du \DVDlive{} soit à partir du \CDinst{}. + +%\startinst +Pour démarrer, il faut d'abord \og monter \fg{} le médium avec les +extensions Rock Ridge. +La commande exacte varie d'un système à l'autre ; la commande suivante +fonctionne sous Linux, mais les noms du périphérique (ici +\filename{/dev/cdrom}) et du point de montage (ici \dirname{/mnt/cdrom}) +peuvent changer. +\\ N.B. Tous nos exemples utilisent \texttt{>} pour les lignes de +commandes \textit{(shell prompt)} ; les commandes de l'utilisateur sont +\underline{soulignées}. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent Se placer au point de montage du lecteur : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +Lancer le script \filename{install-pkg.sh} (et non +\filename{install-tl.sh} qui n'est destiné qu'à l'installation complète) : + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh \var{options}} +\end{alltt} + +Le premier jeu d'options permet de choisir ce qui sera installé : + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-package=\var{pkgname}] Le composant individuel à installer. + +\item [-{}-collection=\var{colname}] La collection individuelle à installer. + +\item [-{}-nodoc] Ne pas installer les fichiers de documentation pour +cette opération. + +\item [-{}-nosrc] Ne pas installer les fichiers source pour cette opération. + +\item [-{}-cddir=\var{dir}] Répertoire source d'où on lit ; +par défaut le répertoire courant. Si on a suivi les instructions ci-dessus, +il n'a pas besoin d'être modifié. + +\item [-{}-listdir=\var{dir}] +Ce qu'on appelle \og répertoire des listes\fg{} dans \var{cddir} +d'où on lira l'information sur le composant. +Si on a suivi les instructions ci-dessus, il n'y a pas besoin de le modifier. + +\end{ttdescription} + +La suite des opérations est contrôlée par les options décrites ci-dessous. +Si aucune n'est spécifiée, par défaut on installe les fichiers spécifiés. +L'arborescence principale de destination est +le répertoire père du répertoire \dirname{bin} affiché par la commande +\cmdname{which tex}. +On peut la modifier en changeant les variables d'environnement +\envname{TEXMFMAIN} ou \envname{TEXMF}. + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [-{}-listonly] Liste les fichiers à installer mais n'installe + rien du tout ! + +\item [-{}-archive=\var{tarfile}] Au lieu d'installer les fichiers + dans le système \TeX{}, crée une archive \cmdname{tar}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Options additionnelles : + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [-{}-config] Après l'installation, exécuter \code{texconfig init}. + +\item [-{}-nohash] Après installation, ne pas lancer \cmdname{mktexlsr} +pour reconstruire la base de données des noms de fichiers. +\item [-{}-verbose] Donner plus d'informations durant l'exécution des scripts. +\end{ttdescription} + +Voici quelques exemples d'utilisation : + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item Voir les fichiers du composant \pkgname{fancyhdr} sans l'installer : + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr --listonly} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr \bs} +> \Ucom{--listonly} +\fi{} +texmf-dist/doc/latex/fancyhdr/README +texmf-dist/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf +... +\end{alltt} + +\item Installer le composant \LaTeX{} \pkgname{natbib}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=natbib} +\end{alltt} + +\item Installer le composant + \LaTeX{} \pkgname{alg} sans les sources ni la documentation : + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=alg --nosrc --nodoc} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=alg \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-nosrc -{}-nodoc} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\item Installer tous les composants dans la collection de macros + additionnelles de plain \TeX\ : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --collection=tex-plainextra} +\end{alltt} + +\item +Faire une archive \cmdname{tar} dans \path{/tmp} contenant tous les +composants +de \pkgname{pstricks} : +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=pstricks --archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\else +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=pstricks \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\end{enumerate} + +\textifindoubt + +% +\section{À faire après l'installation} +\label{sec:postinstall} + +Une fois l'installation terminée il faut, quel que soit le système, +configurer le système pour certains besoins locaux et +faire des tests de base. + +Cette phase de post-installation comprend éventuellement la prise en compte de +composants, fontes ou de programmes qui n'étaient pas inclus dans \TL{}. +L'idée de base est de faire les ajouts dans l'arborescence +\envname{TEXMFLOCAL} (si vous avez installé depuis le disque) +ou dans \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} (si vous exécutez depuis le disque) ; +voir \og répertoires d'installation\fg{} en page~\pageref{text:instdir}. + +Bien sûr, les détails varient d'un cas à l'autre et nous n'essayerons +donc pas de les traiter ici. Voici quelques pointeurs à consulter : +\begin{itemize} +\item +\url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=instpackages} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/installationadvice} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/beginlatex/html/chapter5.html#pkginst} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/Type1fonts} sur l'installation +de fontes. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Le programme \protect\cmdname{texconfig}} +\label{sec:texconfig} + +Vous pouvez utiliser le programme \cmdname{texconfig} n'importe quand après +votre installation pour reconfigurer votre système +de façon à satisfaire les besoins locaux. +Il peut être nécessaire de l'exécuter au moins une fois juste après +l'installation si les valeurs par défaut de certains paramètres ne vous +conviennent pas. +Ce programme est installé avec les autres sous le répertoire propre à +votre architecture \texttt{TEXDIR/bin/\var{archname}}, si vous n'avez pas +modifié le \envname{PATH} de \textit{root}, il faudra le lancer +(sous \textit{root}) avec son chemin complet. + +Si on le lance sans arguments, il entre en mode plein-écran et on peut +alors voir et modifier interactivement les paramètres. + +On peut aussi le lancer avec diverses options. Voici les plus courantes +(la distribution \TL{} est configurée pour utiliser du papier~A4 par défaut) : + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [texconfig paper letter] +Mettre la taille par défaut du papier à \textit{letter} pour les pilotes +\cmdname{pdftex}, \cmdname{dvips}, \cmdname{dvipdfm}, \cmdname{xdvi}, etc. + +\item [texconfig rehash] Mettre à jour toutes les bases de données des +fichiers du système \TeX{} (à faire après tout ajout ou suppression de +fichier). + +\item [texconfig faq] Afficher la \acro{FAQ} sur \teTeX{}. +(voir aussi la \acro{FAQ} principale de \TeX{} dans +\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en} sur le \DVDlive{}). + +\item [texconfig help] Obtenir de l'aide sur la commande \cmdname{texconfig}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Bien sûr, \cmdname{texconfig} ne permet de changer que certaines des +nombreuses options et paramètres de configuration d'un système \TeX{}. +Le fichier principal de configuration pour les programmes de la base +\Webc{} s'appelle \filename{texmf.cnf}. ; on peut trouver son emplacement +en exécutant \samp{kpsewhich texmf.cnf}. Ce fichier contient de nombreux +commentaires expliquant les options par défaut et la signification des +paramètres, sa lecture est recommandée. + +Depuis cette année, la commande \cmdname{texconfig} \emph{ne modifie plus les + fichiers de configuration de la machine}, mais ceux de l'utilisateur qui la +lance ; ces fichiers sont dans le répertoire \dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005} %$ +de l'utilisateur. + +De même, les commandes \cmdname{updmap} et \cmdname{fmtutil} +opèrent maintenant au niveau de l'utilisateur dans le répertoire +\dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005} %$ + +\textbf{Important : machines multi-utilisateurs}. Les administrateurs +installant \TL{} sur une machine multi-utilisateurs devront dorénavant +utiliser les commandes \cmdname{texconfig-sys}, \cmdname{updmap-sys} et +\cmdname{fmtutil-sys} pour respectivement modifier la configuration, mettre à +jour les fichiers \file{.map} et créer les formats \emph{au niveau de la + machine}. Noter qu'aucun format n'est créé à l'installation, ils sont +fabriqués à la demande ; depuis cette année, le format créé par un utilisateur +l'est uniquement pour lui (il est mis dans \dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}). %$ +Afin d'éviter la multiplication de fichiers de formats, il y a donc lieu créer +au moins les formats les plus utilisés au niveau du système à la fin de +l'installation par la commande \cmdname{fmtutil-sys}. Le plus simple est de +les créer tous (c.-à-d. ceux qui figurent dans le fichier fmtutil.conf) par +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{fmtutil-sys --all} +\end{alltt} +De plus, ceux qui ont des fichiers de configuration spécifiques +\filename{fmtutil.cnf} ou \filename{updmap.cfg} devront les placer +dans l'arborescence pointée par la nouvelle variable +\envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}, +faute de quoi ces fichiers ne seront pas trouvés par les scripts +\cmdname{fmtutil-sys} et \cmdname{updmap-sys}. +Si les fichiers \filename{fmtutil.cnf} et \filename{updmap.cfg} propres à la +machine sont, par exemple, dans \envname{\$TEXMFLOCAL}, +rien n'empêche de définir \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} comme +\envname{\$TEXMFLOCAL}, +mais il faut le faire explicitement dans le fichier \filename{texmf.cnf}. + +Rappelons que la commande \cmdname{texconfig conf} retourne les valeurs des +variables \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}, \envname{TEXMFLOCAL}, etc., et que +l'utilisation des différentes arborescences texmf a été décrite à la +section~\ref{sec:texmftrees} \p.\pageref{sec:texmftrees}. + + +\subsection{Tester l'installation} +\label{sec:test-install} + +Une fois l'installation de \TL{} terminée, il faut +la tester avant de créer des documents ou des fontes. +Les tests doivent être faits par un utilisateur non privilégié +(autre que \textit{root}). + +On donne ici quelques procédures de base pour vérifier que le nouveau +système est opérationnel. On les décrit pour Unix ; pour \MacOSX{} ou +Windows, il vaut mieux tester au travers d'une interface graphique, +mais les principes sont les mêmes. + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item +S'assurer en premier lieu que le programme \cmdname{tex} fonctionne : + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{tex -{}-version} +TeX 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.5) +kpathsea version 3.5.5 +... +\end{alltt} + +Si on récupère un \textit{command not found} au lieu d'informations +comme le numéro de version et le copyright, il est fort probable que +vous n'avez pas le bon répertoire \dirname{bin} dans votre +\envname{PATH}. +Voir les informations sur l'environnement page~\pageref{text:path}. + +\item Traiter un fichier \LaTeX{} simple : + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{latex sample2e.tex} +This is pdfeTeXk, Version 3.141592... +... +Output written on sample2e.dvi (3 pages, 7496 bytes). +Transcript written on sample2e.log. +\end{alltt} +Si ça échoue en cherchant \filename{sample2e.tex} ou d'autres fichiers, +il y a peut-être des interférences entre vos anciennes variables +d'environnement ou fichiers de configuration. Pour analyser en détail +votre problème, vous pouvez demander à \TeX{} de dire exactement ce +qu'il cherche et trouve ; voir \og Actions de débogage \fg{} +page~\pageref{Debugging}. + +\item Prévisualiser les résultats en ligne : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{xdvi sample2e.dvi} +\end{alltt} +Sous Windows, la commande équivalente est \cmdname{Windvi}. +Une nouvelle fenêtre doit s'ouvrir et montrer un document expliquant les +bases de \LaTeX{} (document à lire d'ailleurs si vous êtes débutant !). +Vous devez tourner sous X pour que \cmdname{xdvi} fonctionne. Sinon, votre +variable d'environnement \envname{DISPLAY} n'est pas correcte et vous +aurez une erreur \samp{Can't open display}. + +\item Créer un fichier \PS{} pour l'imprimer ou l'afficher : + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips sample2e.dvi -o sample2e.ps} +\end{alltt} + +\item Créer un fichier \acro{PDF} au lieu de \dvi{} ; +cet exemple traite le fichier \filename{sample2e.tex} et crée directement +du \acro{PDF} : + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{pdflatex sample2e.tex} +\end{alltt} + +\item Prévisualiser le fichier \acro{PDF} : + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{gv sample2e.pdf} +\textrm{ou} +> \Ucom{xpdf sample2e.pdf} +\end{alltt} + +Hélas, ni \cmdname{gv} ni \cmdname{xpdf} ne sont actuellement inclus dans +\TL{}, aussi devez-vous les installer séparément si ce n'est déjà fait. +Voir respectivement +\url{http://www.gnu.org/software/gv} et +\url{http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf}. + +\item Autres fichiers de tests utiles : + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [small2e.tex] Un document plus simple à compiler que +\filename{sample2e} si celui-ci pose des problèmes. + +\item [testpage.tex] Teste que l'imprimante n'introduit pas de décalages. + +\item [nfssfont.tex] Imprime des tables de fontes et des tests. +\item [testfont.tex] Aussi pour les tables de fontes, mais en (plain) \TeX. +\item [story.tex] Le fichier de test de (plain) \TeX{} le plus canonique +de tous. Il faut taper \samp{\bs bye} à la commande \code{*} après +\samp{tex story.tex}. + +\end{ttdescription} +Pour exécuter ces tests procéder comme on l'a fait pour +\filename{sample2e.tex}. + +\end{enumerate} + +Si vous êtes débutant ou si vous avez besoin d'aide pour réaliser des +documents \TeX{} ou \LaTeX{}, n'hésitez pas à consulter +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html}. +On vous recommande également l'introduction à \LaTeX{} de Tobias Oetiker +dans sa version française disponible ici : +\url{http://daniel.flipo.free.fr/doc/dfshort/} + + +\section{Installation pour \MacOSX} +\label{sec:mac-install} + +\TL{} traite \MacOSX, mais pas les versions antérieures des Macintosh. + +On peut installer \TeX{} sous \MacOSX{} de deux façons : + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item Utiliser la nouvelle distribution, appellée Mac\TeX{}, disponible + depuis cette année sur le \DVDlive ; elle se trouve dans le répertoire + \dirname{mactex/}, voir section~\ref{sec:mactex}. C'est la méthode + recommandée. + +\item Utiliser les commandes \filename{install*} comme pour Unix (lire d'abord + la section~\ref{sec:osx-unix-inst} ci-dessous pour les spécificités \MacOSX{} +puis la section~\ref{sec:unix-install}). + +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent Par ailleurs, l'utilisation de \TeX{} sous \MacOSX{} se fait +normalement par le biais d'une interface graphique (\emph{frontend}), +comme expliqué ci-dessous à la section~\ref{sec:interf-graph-macosx}. + +\subsection{Installation de Mac\TeX} +\label{sec:mactex} + +La distribution Mac\TeX{} est une variante de \TL{} complétée par de +nombreuses applications et de la documentation spécifique. +Elle dispose de son propre installeur intégré. + +Le site de référence pour Mac\TeX{} est \url{http://tug.org/mactex}. + +\subsection{\protect\cmdname{install*.sh} : installation depuis \TL{}} +\label{sec:osx-unix-inst} + +Le système \MacOSX{} est un Unix (presque) comme les autres, mais Apple +cache soigneusement ce fait, ce qui ne facilite pas l'installation de +logiciels comme \TL{}. + +Nous allons essayer de décrire en détail la procédure d'installation. +La première chose à faire est d'ouvrir une fenêtre \og Terminal \fg{}. +L'application \og Terminal\fg{} se trouve dans le répertoire +/Applications/Utilitaires, elle est accessible à partir du menu +principal en haut de l'écran. + +Ensuite, nous allons vérifier si l'interpréteur de commandes +(ou \textit{shell} en anglais) \cmdname{bash} est présent ou non. +Pour cela, taper dans la fenêtre \og Terminal \fg{} la commande suivante : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{which bash} +\end{alltt} +Si le \textit{shell} \cmdname{bash} est présent (cas des versions +de 10.2 et suivantes de \MacOSX) la réponse sera un chemin, par exemple +\filename{/bin/bash}. +Si la réponse est \texttt{command not found}, vous avez une version +antérieure à 10.2, sur laquelle \cmdname{bash} n'est pas installé par défaut. +Vous devrez alors récupérer le \textit{shell} \cmdname{bash} sur internet +(par exemple ici : \url{http://tug.org/texlive/bash.dmg}) +et l'installer\dots{} ou mieux, mettre à jour votre version de \MacOSX. + +Supposons désormais le \textit{shell} \cmdname{bash} présent. +Il faut maintenant \og passer \textit{root} \fg{}, c'est-à-dire +se donner le pouvoir d'effectuer des opérations normalement interdites +aux utilisateurs de base. Ceci se fait en tapant dans le \og Terminal\fg{} +la commande : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sudo su -} +\end{alltt} + +Mettre le \CDinst{} ou le \DVDlive{} dans le lecteur, son contenu +devient automatiquement accessible sous le répertoire \dirname{/Volumes}. +On tape ensuite dans le \og Terminal\fg{} les commandes : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd /Volumes/texlive2005} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +\end{alltt} +pour se placer à la racine de l'image disque montée et y lancer le script +d'installation. Il suffit ensuite de suivre la documentation +d'installation de la section~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} +\p.\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk} où des notes spécifiques pour \MacOSX{} +ont été incluses si nécessaire. + +\subsection{Interfaces graphiques pour \MacOSX{}} +\label{sec:interf-graph-macosx} + +Normalement, l'utilisation de \TeX{} sur un Macintosh se fait à travers +une interface graphique, comprenant un \textit{shell} d'exécution, un +éditeur, un prévisualiseur et d'autres outils (on échappe toutefois +difficilement à l'utilisation de \og Terminal \fg{} dès que l'on veut +réaliser des tâches un tant soit peu évoluées\ldots). + +Voici les principales interfaces disponibles : + +\begin{cmddescription} +\item [TeXShop] Inclus dans \TL{} sous +\filename{./MacOSX/texshop.dmg}.\\ +Voir \url{http://www.uoregon.edu/~koch/texshop/texshop.html}. + +\item [ITeXMac] Inclus dans \TL{} sous \filename{./MacOSX/iTM-*.dmg}.\\ +Voir \url{http://itexmac.sourceforge.net}. + +\item [Mac-emacs] Une adaptation d'Emacs à \MacOSX{}, avec +\pkgname{AucTeX} inclus.\\ +Voir \url{http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~franconi/mac-emacs}. + +\end{cmddescription} + +Si vous choisissez d'utiliser \cmdname{TeXShop} ou \cmdname{ITeXMac}, +il sera nécessaire de donner à ces logiciels les informations concernant +le PATH : + +\begin{cmddescription} + +\item [TeXshop] Lancer l'application et ouvrir le panneau préférences (menu + TeXShop). Sélectionner l'onglet \og Moteur\fg{} et modifier la première + ligne en saisissant votre PATH, par exemple : + \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005/bin/powerpc-darwin}. + +\item [ITeXMac] Lancer l'application et ouvrir le panneau préférences (menu + ITeXMac). Sélectionner le bouton \og Assistant teTeX\fg{}, puis l'onglet + \og TeX\fg{} et cliquer sur le bouton radio \og{} Autre\fg{}. Saisir alors + votre PATH, par exemple : + \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005/bin/powerpc-darwin}. + +\end{cmddescription} + + +\section{Installation sous Windows} +\label{sec:win-install} + +Cette année la distribution \TL{} inclut de nouveau un +installeur pour Windows qui s'appelle \cmdname{tlpmgui}. + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Ajout (df) %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +\begin{quote} +\textbf{Note du traducteur :} à titre personnel, je ne recommande pas +l'installation sous Windows à partir de \cmdname{tlpmgui}, sauf aux +utilisateurs qui connaissent bien \TL{} sous Unix et veulent avoir sous +Windows une distribution aussi proche que possible de celle-ci. + +Deux autres pistes, non basées sur la distribution \TL{}, +me semblent plus adaptées : +\begin{enumerate} +\item soit installer la distribution \ProTeXt{} à partir du \DVDlive{} + ou du \CD{} spécifique, elle est basée sur \MIKTEX{} distribution + très appréciée sous Windows ; +\item soit, télécharger \XemTeX{} (200~Mo) sur \url{http://www.xemtex.org/}. + C'est la distribution Windows qui remplace \fpTeX{}, elle est maintenue par + Fabrice Popineau et construite autour de l'éditeur \cmdname{XEmacs}. + Les outils DVI sont supprimés, le format de sortie est PDF ou HTML + uniquement. + + \XemTeX, bien que totalement gratuit, inclut des programmes qui ne sont pas + libres au sens Debian, c'est ce qui empêche malheureusement \XemTeX{} de + figurer dans la distribution \TK. +\end{enumerate} + +Si vous décidez d'opter pour \ProTeXt{} ou pour \XemTeX{} vous pouvez +sauter toute cette section. +\end{quote} +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +\cmdname{tlpmgui} propose essentiellement les mêmes options que le script +\cmdname{install-tl.sh} sous Unix mais dans une interface graphique : + sélection des schémas, choix des collections, etc., se reporter +à la section~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} \p.\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk}. +Certaines manipulations telles que l'ajout ou la suppression +de composants, la mise à jour des bases de données +et la constructions de formats sont également possibles. +De plus, \cmdname{tlpmgui} offre la possibilité d'utiliser \TL{} depuis +le \DVDlive{} (sans l'installer sur le disque dur). + +Pour les connaisseurs, \cmdname{tlpmgui} repose sur le programme +\cmdname{tlpm} accessible en ligne de commande Windows. + +Les binaires pour Windows sont empruntés à la distribution \XEmTeX, +qui a succédé à \fpTeX{} (voir +\url{http://www.metz.supelec.fr/~popineau/xemtex-1.html}). +Certains binaires de l'ancienne distribution \fpTeX{} ont été conservés, +comme \cmdname{Windvi}, le visualiseur \texttt{dvi} similaire à \textsf{xdvi} +sous Unix. La documentation sur \cmdname{Windvi} se trouve dans +\OnCD{texmf/doc/html/windvi/windvi.html}. + +\TL{} peut être installé sur les systèmes Windows~9x, \acro{ME}, +\acro{NT}, \acro{2K} or \acro{XP}. Il ne fonctionne pas avec les versions +plus anciennes Windows (3.1x) et \acro{MS-DOS}. + +\textbf{Attention :} Les utilisateurs de Windows~9x + doit vérifier qu'il disposent d'assez d'espace pour les variables + d'environnement. Le programme \cmdname{tlpmgui.exe} crée un certain + nombre de variables d'environnement, si l'espace manque ajouter + \texttt{SHELL=<path>COMMAND.COM /E:4096 /P} dans le fichier + \filename{config.sys}. + +\subsection{Installation sous Windows depuis le \CDinst} + +Le programme \cmdname{tlpmgui} devrait démarrer automatiquement +dès l'insertion du \CDinst{} dans le lecteur de \acro{CD}. +Si ce n'est pas le cas, cliquer sur \guiseq{Start\arw Run} puis +taper \path{<cdrom drive letter>:\string\setup-win32\string\tplmgui.exe} +--- resp. +\path{<drive letter>:\string\texlive\string\setup-win32\string\tplmgui.exe} +si vous installez à partir du \DVDlive{} --- où \path{<cdrom drive letter>} +désigne la lettre correspondant au lecteur de \acro{CD} ; cliquer ensuite +sur OK. + +La fenêtre intitulée \guiseq{TeX Live installation and maintenance utility} +devrait s'ouvrir. Elle propose les options suivantes : +\guiseq{Main customization}, \guiseq{Install}, \guiseq{Select a scheme}, +\guiseq{Select systems}, \guiseq{Directories} et \guiseq{Options}. + +Dans la section \guiseq{Directories}, le nom du lecteur de \acro{CD/DVD} +(par exemple \texttt{F:/}) devrait apparaître à côté du bouton +\acro{CD/DVD}. S'il n'est pas affiché utiliser ce bouton pour +sélectionner le lecteur de \acro{CD/DVD} contenant \TL. + +Il est possible de choisir le répertoire devant contenir la distribution \TL{} +en cliquant sur le bouton \guiseq{TLroot}(la variable \path{TLroot} contiendra +le nom de ce répertoire). Le contenu des variables d'environnement +\path{TEXMFTEMP} et \path{TEXMFCNF} est affiché à côté des boutons +\guiseq{TEXMFTEMP} et \guiseq{TEXMFCNF}, il sera mis à jour automatiquement +pendant l'installation (il est possible de le modifier en cas de besoin +particulier). + +La section \guiseq{Select a scheme} permet, comme sous Unix, de choisir le +schéma de base souhaité pour l'installation (complète, GUTenberg, etc.) : +utiliser le bouton radio pour faire ce choix et le bouton \guiseq{Info} +pour une description du schéma sélectionné. + +Il est possible de personnaliser le schéma choisi en lui ajoutant ou en +supprimant certaines de ses composantes (appelées \guiseq{collections}). +Ceci se fait en utilisant les boutons \guiseq{Standard collections} +et \guiseq{Language collections} (choix des langues utilisables) +dans \guiseq{Main customization}. + +\textbf{Remarque :} Les collections \guiseq{Ghostscript}, \guiseq{Perl} et +\guiseq{Wintools} sont sélectionnées par défaut. elles \emph{doivent être +installées}\dots{} sauf si elles l'ont été par ailleurs. +Les variables d'environnement \envname{PERL5LIB} et \verb|GS_LIB| doivent +aussi être initialisées. + +Finalement, cliquer sur le bouton \guiseq{Install} dans la section +\guiseq{Install} pour lancer le processus d'installation. + +Laisser le processus se poursuivre jusqu'à l'affichage du message annonçant +que l'installation a réussi (un certain nombre d'étapes sont nécessaires, +comme la création des formats, la mise à jour des bases de données, etc. ce +qui peut prendre un certain temps). + +Le raccourci \cmdname{tlpmgui} sera ajouté dans le menu +\guiseq{Start\arw Programs\arw TeXLive2005}. + +Si nécessaire (Windows~9x/WinME), il vous sera demandé de +redémarrer l'ordinateur. + + +\subsection{Programmes auxiliaires pour Windows} +\label{sec:win-xemtex} + +Pour être complète, une installation \TL{} a besoin de programmes +auxiliaires qu'on ne trouve pas fréquemment sur une machine Windows. +De nombreux scripts sont écrits en Perl. Certains outils importants utilisent +l'interpréteur \PS{} Ghostscript pour afficher ou convertir les fichiers. +Il faut aussi dans certains cas une boîte à outils graphique. +Enfin, un éditeur orienté \TeX{} facilite la saisie de fichiers \TeX{}. + +Tous ces outils sont assez faciles à trouver pour \TeX{}, mais pour essayer +de vous rendre la vie plus facile, nous avons incorporé des outils de ce type +dans \TL{} : +\begin{itemize} +\item GNU \cmdname{GhostScript} 7.07 ; +\item un \cmdname{Perl} 5.8 minimum, suffisant pour exécuter tous les scripts +Perl du \TL{} ; +\item quelques utilitaires comme bzip2, gzip, jpeg2ps et tiff2png. +%\item un sous-ensemble de \cmdname{ImageMagick} 5.5.6 ; +%\item le correcteur d'orthographe \cmdname{ISpell} ; +%\item \cmdname{XEmacs} 21.5.14 avec un ensemble de fonctions pour faciliter +%la composition \TeX{}. +\end{itemize} + +Ces programmes sont empruntés à la distribution \XEmTeX{}. + +Si vous préférez ne pas installer les outils inclus dans \TL{}, vous êtes +libre d'installer les outils nécessaires pour compléter votre système \TL{} ; +voici une liste des adresses où les obtenir : +\begin{description} +\item[GhostScript] \url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/} +\item[Perl] \url{http://www.activestate.com/} (mais il vous faudra peut-être + chercher des bibliothèques supplémentaires sur CPAN, + \url{http://www.cpan.org/}) +\item[ImageMagick] \url{http://www.imagemagick.com} +\item[NetPBM] Vous pouvez aussi utiliser NetPBM à la place de ImageMagick + pour traiter ou convertir vos fichiers graphiques. La page d'accueil + de NetPBM est + \url{http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/} +\item[Éditeurs orientés \TeX] Il y a un large choix, et cela dépend des + préférences de l'utilisateur. En voici une sélection : + \begin{itemize} + \item \cmdname{GNU Emacs} existe nativement sous Windows, + l'url de référence est + \url{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html} ; + \item \cmdname{XEmacs} + existe nativement sous Windows, l'url de référence + est \url{http://www.xemacs.org/} ; + \item \cmdname{WinShell} se trouve sur \TL{} dans le répertoire + \path{support}, l'url de référence est \url{http://www.winshell.de} ; + \item \cmdname{WinEdt} est un partagiciel disponible à l'adresse + \url{http://www.winedt.com} ; + \item TeXnicCenter est libre et se trouve à l'adresse + \url{http://www.toolscenter.org/products/texniccenter/} et aussi dans + la distribution \ProTeXt{} ; + \item \cmdname{Vim} se trouve sur \TL{} dans le répertoire + \path{support/vim} et le site de référence est + \url{http://www.vim.org} ; + \item \cmdname{LEd} se trouve à l'adresse + \url{http://www.ctan.org/support/LEd} ; + \item \cmdname{SciTE} se trouve à l'adresse + \url{http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html}. + \end{itemize} +\end{description} + +Il est aussi possible d'installer d'autres outils qui ne sont pas +libres\footnote{Pas libres en fait dans le sens de la liberté de les + modifier et les redistribuer, selon les +\emph{Debian's guidelines}. Cela ne signifie pas qu'on ne peut pas les +acquérir gratuitement.} +comme \cmdname{GSView}, le programme compagnon de \cmdname{GhostScript} +pour afficher plus facilement les fichiers PS/PDF. +\cmdname{GSView} est disponible à l'url +\url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/} +ou sur tout site \acro{CTAN}. + +\section{Maintenance sous Windows} + +Une fois la distribution \TL{} installée, vous pouvez vous servir du programme +\cmdname{tlpmgui} pour modifier ou compléter votre installation. + +\subsection{Ajouter ou supprimer des composants} + +Le raccourci \cmdname{tlpmgui} du menu +\guiseq{Start\arw Programs\arw TeXLive2005} permet de lancer le programme +et affiche la fenêtre \guiseq{TeX Live installation and maintenance utility}. +Les sections à utiliser sont \guiseq{Add Packages} (ajout de composants), +\guiseq{Remove packages} (suppression de composants), +\guiseq{Manage installation} (maintenace), \guiseq{Remove installation} +(suppression totale de \TL). + +Cliquer sur \guiseq{Add packages} ou \guiseq{Remove packages}, puis + +\begin{itemize} +\item Choisir le lecteur de \acro{CD} (ou le répertoire \texttt{texlive} + du lecteur de \acro{DVD}) grâce au bouton \guiseq{CD/DVD}. + +\item Cliquer sur le bouton \guiseq{Search} dans la section \guiseq{Buttons} +pour afficher la liste de composants à installer ou à supprimer +dans \guiseq{Select packages to\dots}. + +Lors de l'ajout de composants, la liste des composants installés est comparée +à la liste des composants disponibles sur le \acro{CD/DVD}. +Seuls les composants non installés sont affichés, à vous de choisir ceux que +vous souhaitez ajouter. + +Inversement, lors de la suppression de composants, seuls les composants +installés sont affichés. + +Noter que les collections sont en tête de liste. + +\item Sélectionner un composant en cliquant sur son nom dans la liste. +Un clic sur le bouton \guiseq{Info} donne une courte description du contenu. +Il est possible de sélectionner plusieurs composants à la fois à l'aide des +touches \og Ctrl \fg{} et \og Shift \fg{} (majuscules). + +\item Cliquer sur \guiseq{Install} ou \guiseq{Remove} pour terminer +l'opération. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Configuration et maintenance} + +La section \guiseq{Manage the installation} permet d'effectuer les opérations +courantes de configuration et de maintenance. + +Voici la liste des actions possibles : +\begin{itemize} + \item mettre à jour la base \filename{ls-R}, + \item créer les formats, + \item modifier le fichier \filename{language.dat}, + \item modifier le fichier \filename{fmtutil.cnf}, + \item modifier le fichier \filename{updmap.cfg}. + \end{itemize} + +Il faut sortir de la fenêtre d'édition en cliquant sur le bouton \guiseq{Done} +pour que les mises à jour des formats, fichiers \file{.map}, base +\filename{ls-R} soient effectuées. + +Les autres possibilités de configuration sont décrites à la +section~\ref{sec:persconf}, \p.\pageref{sec:persconf}. + +\subsection{Désinstallation complète de \TL{}} + +L'option \guiseq{Remove the TeX Live installation} permet de supprimer toute +la distribution \TL{}. + +Attention, ce que vous avez éventuellement installé dans le répertoire +\path{texmf-local} ne sera pas supprimé ; le contenu du répertoire +\path{setup-win32} doit être également nettoyé à la main si nécessaire. + +\subsection{Ajouter des composants à votre système} + +Tout d'abord, quelles que soient les modifications faites, +\emph{n'oubliez pas de reconstruire les fichiers ls-R de bases de + données}, sinon les nouveaux fichiers ne seront jamais retrouvés. +Pour cela, vous pouvez soit utiliser le programme \cmdname{tlpmgui}, option +\guiseq{Manage the installation}, soit lancer manuellement la commande +\file{mktexlsr}. + +Si vous choisissez d'ajouter des fichiers qui ne proviennent pas de la +distribution \TL{} (ou fp\TeX{}), il est fortement +recommandé de les mettre dans le répertoire \path{$TEXMFLOCAL}. %$ +De cette manière, vous serez certain qu'il n'y aura pas de problème +lors d'une mise à jour de \TL. + +L'arborescence pointée par \path{$TEXMFLOCAL} est initialement %$ +vide. Si vous souhaitez y ajouter par exemple les fichiers de style +pour le logiciel de calcul formel Maple, vous devrez mettre ces +fichiers dans le répertoire +\path{C:\string\TeXLive2005\string\texmf-local\string\tex\string\latex\string\maple} +et les fichiers de documentation dans +\path{C:\string\TeXLive2005\string\texmf-local\string\doc\string\latex\string\maple} + + +\subsection{Exécution de \texttt{tlmp.exe} en ligne de commande} + +Le programme \cmdname{tlpm.exe} utilisé par \cmdname{tlpmgui} +possède de nombreuses options utiles dont la liste est donnée par +\begin{verbatim} +tlpm --help +\end{verbatim} + +Consulter le fichier \filename{tlpm.readme} pour plus de renseignements et des +exemples. + +\subsection{Installation en réseau} + +\KPS{} est compatible avec les noms UNC, ceux-ci peuvent donc être utilisés +pour récupérer l'arborescence TEXMF depuis le réseau. Mais +encore mieux, tous les fichiers, y compris ceux de +configuration et excepté les binaires dans \path{bin/win32}, sont +compatibles et partageables avec \teTeX{} ou le \TL{} Unix. Cela +signifie que vous pouvez utiliser Samba, soit pour monter la +distribution Unix sur un client Windows, ou un client Unix +depuis un serveur NT. Plusieurs stratégies sont possibles : +\begin{itemize} + +\item tout mettre sur le serveur. Il faut simplement être certain de mettre dans \path{bin/} les binaires pour tous les couples systèmes d'exploitation / architectures nécessaires. Par exemple, ajouter \path{bin/win32} et + \path{bin/i386-linux}. Ensuite configurer les variables principales ; vous + pouvez utiliser des noms UNC pour pointer sur les répertoires appropriés + sous Win32. + +\item Installer une copie locale pour les binaires et les fichiers de + format. Dans ce cas, assigner \path{$TEXMFMAIN} au répertoire + principal \path{texmf} qui sera pris sur le réseau. Faire pointer + \path{$VARTEXMF} vers un répertoire local qui contiendra les fichiers + de configuration locaux et les fichiers générés au vol. %$ + +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Différences entre la version Windows et la version + Unix de \TL} + +La version Windows de \Webc{} possède quelques spécificités qui méritent +d'être notées. + +\begin{description} +\item [\KPS{}] Les tables de hachage\footnote{Une table de hachage est + une structure de données qui permet de rechercher un élément par + une clé dans un ensemble. Elle doit donc mémoriser des paires de + type \emph{(clé, valeur)} et permettre un accès rapide à une + valeur à partir de sa clé.} que \KPS{} construit (à partir des + fichiers \filename{ls-R} entre autres) sont très volumineuses pour le + \TL{}. Dans le but de diminuer le temps d'initialisation des + applications qui utilisent \KPS{}, ces tables ont été mises en + mémoire partagée. De cette manière, quand vous exécutez des + chaînes de programmes, telles que \filename{tex} qui appelle \filename{mpost} + qui appelle \filename{tex}, le temps d'initialisation de chaque sous-programme + est diminué (sauf pour le premier). Ce comportement est invisible pour + l'utilisateur, sauf si celui-ci positionne le niveau de trace de + \KPS{} à la valeur $-1$ : dans ce cas, tout accès au bloc de + mémoire partagée est tracé, ce qui n'est pas souhaitable (les + programmes accèdent très souvent à ce bloc !). Cette situation + évoluera probablement + dans le futur. %, lorsqu'il sera clair de savoir ce qu'il faut garder + % dans cette trace. +\item [\cmdname{kpsecheck}] Cette commande fournit des fonctionnalités + qui ne rentraient pas bien dans \cmdname{kpsewhich}. En particulier, + elle permet de lister tous les fichiers qui apparaissent plusieurs + fois à travers les multiples arborescences \path{texmf/}. Ceci à + l'air pratique, sauf qu'en réalité, la sortie est polluée par des + occurrences multiples de fichiers qui ne sont pas utiles à \TeX{} à + proprement parler (commes des dizaines de fichiers + \filename{README})\footnote{Tous ces fichiers + sont susceptibles de produire des collisions lors de l'accès à la + table de hachage ; heureusement \TeX{} ne les utilise pas, ils ne + sont donc pas pris en compte !}. Pour cette raison, vous pouvez combiner + l'option \path{-multiple-occurences} avec deux autres options pour + inclure ou exclure de la recherche tout fichier conforme à un + certain motif (plusieurs motifs d'inclusion ou d'exclusion peuvent + être spécifiés). + + La commande \cmdname{kpsecheck} peut aussi indiquer le statut + d'utilisation de la mémoire partagée : en utilisation ou + non-utilisée. Cette information peut être très utile, car si le + statut rapporté est \og en utilisation\fg{}, cela signifie qu'un + ou plusieurs processus tournent et utilisent le bloc de mémoire + partagée. Dans ce cas, une réinitialisation des tables de hachage + basée sur les fichiers \filename{ls-R}, comme la commande + \cmdname{mktexlsr} l'effectue, sera automatiquement repoussée + jusqu'à ce que tous les processus utilisant la version courante en + mémoire partagée soient terminés. Il est prévu d'enlever cette + limitation dans une version future, mais la version actuelle de + \KPS{} % n'est pas suffisamment réentrante pour autoriser simplement + % cette réinitialisation. + ne permet pas de faire facilement cette réinitialisation. + + Enfin, la même commande \cmdname{kpsecheck} peut indiquer l'endroit + où \KPS{} pense pouvoir trouver la Dll de Ghostscript. En effet, + sous Win32, il est souvent plus simple de travailler directement + avec la Dll de Ghostscript, et de la trouver en utilisant la clé + appropriée dans la base de registre, que d'utiliser \path{gswin32c.exe} et + de modifier le \path{PATH} qui a une longueur limitée. + +\item [\Webc] Les moteurs \TeX{} ont quelques options supplémentaires + par rapport à la version standard, et une option dont le + comportement diffère de la version standard : + \begin{itemize} + \item[] \path{-halt-on-error} arrête la compilation à la première + erreur. + \item[] \path{-job-time} positionne la date des fichiers créés à la + date de référence fournie par celle du fichier donné en argument. + \item[] \path{-oem} utilise le codepage DOS pour les sorties console. + \item[] \path{-output-directory} permet de créer tous les fichiers + de sortie dans le répertoire spécifié. + \item[] \path{-time-statistics} affiche des statistiques à propos du + temps d'exécution. Il est à noter que Windows~9x n'étant pas un + système multi-tâche préemptif, il ne possède pas d'horloge + interne suffisamment précise pour mesurer ces temps d'exécution + et donc la valeur affichée n'est qu'une approximation. Sous + NT/2K/XP, le résultat est assez précis et comprend le temps + utilisateur et le temps système alloués à la compilation. Pour + les utilisateurs d'Unix : la commande \path{time} n'existe pas + sous Windows. + \end{itemize} +\end{description} + +\subsection{Personnalisation de l'installation} +\label{sec:persconf} + +\subsubsection{Dvips} + +Le fichier de configuration de \texttt{dvips} se trouve par défaut en +\path{C:\string\TeXLive2005\string\texmf-var\string\dvips\string\config\string\config.ps}. Il peut être ouvert avec n'importe quel éditeur de texte +% (comme \cmdname{WinShell}) +pour modifier certains paramètres : +\begin{description} +\item[fontes] vous pouvez changer la résolution et le mode de + l'imprimante à laquelle sont destinés vos fichiers dans le cas où + \texttt{dvips} aurait besoin de générer des fontes bitmap. Par défaut, + les fontes Type1 CM interpolées sont utilisées, et donc + \path{mktexpk} ne devrait pas être appelé trop souvent. +\item[imprimante] vous pouvez spécifier où se fera l'impression par + défaut. Si l'option `o' n'est pas suivie d'un nom d'imprimante, un + fichier est créé avec l'extension \file{.ps}. Sinon, vous pouvez + spécifier un nom d'imprimante tel que : +\begin{verbatim} +o lpt1: +% o | lpr -S server -P myprinter +% o \\server\myprinter +\end{verbatim} +\item[papier] vous pouvez changer le format de papier retenu par + défaut (A4), par exemple en format US letter, le premier format + mentionné. Allez vers les lignes débutant par \path{@}. Déplacez les + lignes adéquates, ainsi le fichier commencera par les lignes qui suivent. +\begin{verbatim} +@ letterSize 8.5in 11in + +@ letter 8.5in 11in +@+ %%BeginPaperSize: Letter +@+ letter +@+ %%EndPaperSize +\end{verbatim} +\end{description} + +La distribution \TL{} courante intègre la procédure permettant d'avoir +toujours des fichiers fontmaps à jour pour Dvips et PdfTeX. C'est le programme +\cmdname{updmap} qui le fait durant l'installation, comme lors de l'ajout de +collection de fontes. Si vous ajoutez de nouvelles fontes à la main, +éditez le fichier \verb+updmap.cfg+ dans \path{$TEXMFVAR/web2c}. %$ + +\subsubsection{PdfTeX} + +Si le programme pdf{}latex est utilisé pour écrire directement en format +\acro{PDF} et qu'on utilise du papier au format \acro{US} letter-size, +éditer le fichier +\path{C:\string\TeXLive2005\string\texmf-var\string\tex\string\generic\string\config\string\pdftexconfig.tex} +et modifier \samp{\bs page\_width} et \samp{\bs page\_height}. +Ces entrées doivent être : +\begin{alltt} +\bs{}pdfpagewidth=8.5 true in +\bs{}pdfpageheight=11 true in +\end{alltt} + +Sauvegarder le fichier et sortir de l'éditeur. + +\subsubsection{Gsview} + +\cmdname{GSView} est maintenant distribué sous licence Aladdin et n'est donc +plus inclus dans \TL{}. + +Si vous voulez changer le format du papier, ouvrez \cmdname{GSView} à +partir du menu \guiseq{Démarrer} et sélectionnez \guiseq{Media\arw Letter}. +Le sous menu Display Settings vous permet +également d'améliorer la netteté du rendu en positionnant les +deux valeurs \textbf{Text Alpha} et \textbf{Graphics Alpha} à 4 bits. + +Pour ce qui est de l'impression, consulter la +sous-section~\ref{sub:printing}. + +Les fichiers \file{.ps} et \file{.eps} seront automatiquement ouverts +par \cmdname{GSView}. + +\subsubsection{Windvi} +\label{sub:windvi} + +Le programme \cmdname{tlpmgui} associe automatiquement les fichiers de suffixe +\file{.dvi} au programme \cmdname{Windvi} mais il ne crée pas d'icône sur +le bureau pour \cmdname{Windvi}, il faut le faire à la main. + +Lancer \cmdname{Windvi} en double cliquant sur l'icône ou à partir de la ligne +de commande. + +Pour sélectionner un format de papier US Letter, allez dans le menu +\guiseq{View\arw Options\arw Papertype} et sélectionnez +\og US (8.5"x11")\fg{} dans la +liste déroulante Paper Type. Cliquez OK et fermez \cmdname{Windvi}. + +La première fois que vous ouvrirez un fichier \file{.dvi}, vous pouvez +trouver le facteur de zoom trop important ; réduisez-le en tapant sur +la touche \og moins \fg{} du clavier numérique jusqu'à ce qu'il soit à +votre goût. + +Vous pouvez modifier le format de papier dans les options de +\cmdname{Windvi} (menu View, Options) ainsi qu'un certain nombre +d'autres paramètres comme par exemple la capacité à exécuter des +commandes système spécifiées dans le document (désactivé par défaut pour +des raisons de sécurité). + +Les paramètres de \cmdname{Windvi} sont enregistrés dans un fichier de nom +\filename{windvi.cnf}. +Vous pouvez le localiser de la manière suivante : +\begin{verbatim} +C:\>kpsewhich --expand-var $HOME/windvi.cnf +\end{verbatim} + +%$ + +Si vous avez des problèmes avec \cmdname{Windvi}, il est conseillé d'effacer +le fichier de configuration, puis de refaire un test dans la configuration par +défaut. + +\subsection{Tests} + +Pour des procédures génériques de vérification, voir +section~\ref{sec:test-install}, page~\pageref{sec:test-install}. +Cette section décrit les tests spécifiques à Windows. + +Vous pouvez tester l'installation +en ouvrant le fichier +\verb+sample2e.tex+ dans votre éditeur (\cmdname{XEmacs}, +\cmdname{WinShell}) qui se trouve dans +\path{C:\string\TeXLive2005\string\texmf-dist\string\tex\string\latex\string\base}. +Le source \LaTeX{} doit apparaître à l'écran. Compilez-le en cliquant +sur le menu (XEmacs) \guiseq{Command\arw LaTeX} ou sur l'icône \LaTeX{} +(WinShell) dans la barre d'outils, ensuite affichez-le en +cliquant sur le menu (XEmacs) \guiseq{Command\arw View DVI} +ou sur l'icône Preview (Windvi). + +La première fois que vous afficherez un document avec \cmdname{Windvi}, il va +créer les fichiers de fontes bitmaps qui ne sont pas installées. +Après avoir visualisé quelques fichiers, vous aurez créé la plupart de ces +fichiers et vous ne verrez plus souvent apparaître la fenêtre de création de +fontes. + +En cas de problèmes, reportez-vous à la +sous-section~\ref{sec:troubleshooting}. + +\subsection{Impression} +\label{sub:printing} + +Il est possible d'imprimer depuis \cmdname{Windvi}. Dans ce cas, l'impression +utilise le pilote unifié d'impression de Windows, il est donc par +définition compatible avec toutes les imprimantes. Cependant, il y a +un inconvénient : cette impression génère des fichiers (spool) très +importants, quelques versions anciennes de Windows le supportent mal. +L'avantage est que vous pouvez tirer +parti de l'impression d'images BMP ou WMF par exemple. Il faut +également faire bien attention à ce que les paramètres de l'imprimante +soient correctement définis (sous-section~\ref{sub:windvi}) sous peine +d'avoir un effet d'échelle +(imprimer à 600\,dpi sur une imprimante qui fait réellement 300\,dpi +aboutit à n'avoir qu'un seul quart de la page visible). + +L'impression est souvent plus rapide en utilisant \cmdname{dvips}, puis en +imprimant le fichier \file{.ps} depuis \cmdname{GSView}. Pour imprimer +depuis \cmdname{GSView}, sélectionner \textbf{Print\dots{}} dans le menu +\textbf{File}. Une fenêtre de dialogue pour l'impression apparaît. + +Si vous utilisez une imprimante PostScript, \emph{soyez sûr de + sélectionner \textbf{PostScript Printer}} en choisissant cette +option dans \textbf{Print Method} en bas à gauche de la boîte de +dialogue, faute de quoi l'impression échouera. Vous +pouvez ensuite sélectionner une imprimante quelconque parmi celles +installées. + +Si vous utilisez une imprimante qui ne supporte pas PostScript, +sélectionnez \textbf{Ghostscript Device} dans \textbf{Print + Method}. Ensuite cliquez sur le bouton \textbf{djet500} et +sélectionnez votre imprimante. + +%Si vous utilisez \cmdname{WinShell} et une imprimante PostScript, le +%plus pratique est de définir un bouton Impression dans la barre +%d'outils de \cmdname{WinShell} qui appellera dvips avec les options +%envoyant directement le résultat à l'imprimante. Pour des instructions +%détaillées sur la manière de procéder, reportez-vous à la +%sous-section suivante. + +\subsection{Trucs et astuces à propos de la plate-forme Win32} + +\subsubsection{Différentes déclinaisons de Win32} + +Ce que recouvre la dénomination Win32 n'est pas un système +d'exploitation. C'est un ensemble de fonctions très +vaste (environ 12000 fonctions dans les fichiers d'en-tête du + SDK Microsoft) que vous pouvez utiliser pour écrire des programmes +pour différentes versions des systèmes d'exploitation de la famille +Windows. + +Windows se décline en plusieurs versions : +\begin{itemize} +\item Win95, Win98 et WinME, qui \emph{ne sont pas de vrais systèmes + d'exploitation multitâches et multithreads}. Ils sont en fait les + dernières incarnations de DOS. On peut s'en apercevoir, car en + lançant le PC, l'interpréteur de commandes \path{command.com} est + chargé et si vous arrêtez le processus à ce moment, vous pouvez + demander la version courante (de DOS) et il vous est répondu quelque + chose du style "MS-DOS 7.0", au moins pour les versions anciennes de + Windows~9x ; +\item Windows \acro{NT} est un système d'exploitation écrit à partir + de zéro, avec un + vrai multitâche préemptif et des fonctionnalités de très haut niveau ; +\item Windows 2000 est écrit sur une base \acro{NT}, il est doté de toutes les + facilités offertes par Win98 ; +\item Windows \acro{XP} existe en versions Personnelle et + Professionnelle. C'est la dernière étape dans la fusion entre les + deux lignes de produits (basée sur Windows~9x et basée sur NT). \acro{XP} est + écrit sur une base NT. +\end{itemize} + +Windows~9x peut faire tourner des programmes 32~bits et des +programmes 16~bits en même temps. Mais le système d'exploitation +lui-même n'est pas entièrement écrit en mode 32~bits et ne fournit pas +une protection mémoire entre les applications : les applications +16~bits peuvent écraser des parties du système d'exploitation en +mémoire ! Des parties du système telles que le \acro{GDI} +(\emph{Graphical Device Interface}) ne se voient allouer que des +ressources de taille très +limitée pour gérer les bitmaps, les pinceaux et les polices, et ces +ressources sont allouées de manière globale pour tous les programmes +qui tournent de manière concurrente. Par exemple, toutes les entêtes de +bitmaps utilisés par tous les programmes qui tournent simultanément ne +doivent pas requérir plus de 64~ko de mémoire. Ceci explique le +comportement du moniteur de performance et le fait que vous pouvez +mettre votre système à genoux en utilisant de manière intensive les +objets graphiques. + +NT, 2K et XP ne souffrent pas de ces limitations, ni d'aucune autre +limitation de Windows~9x. Ce sont de vrais environnements multitâches, avec +une vraie mémoire protégée. Ils répondent de manière plus fluide que +Windows~9x de par leur meilleure gestion de la mémoire, leur système de +gestion de fichiers plus performant, etc. + +\subsubsection{La ligne de commande} + +Vous allez demander : mais pourquoi diable devrais-je me +préoccuper d'une ligne de commande alors que j'ai Windows ? + +Bonne question. Le problème est de nature très générale. Toutes les +opérations ne peuvent pas être accomplies très facilement à l'aide de +la seule interface graphique. La ligne de commande vous donne la +puissance de la programmation -- si vous avez un bon interpréteur de +commandes. + +Mais le problème est plus fondamental : \TeX{} est un outil qui +fonctionne \emph{en batch}, de manière non-interactive. \TeX{} a +besoin de calculer la meilleure mise en page pour chaque page, de +résoudre les références croisées, etc. Ceci ne peut être réalisé +que par un traitement global du document. Ce n'est pas encore une tâche +qui peut être réalisée interactivement. + +Ceci implique que vous devriez utiliser \TeX{} depuis la ligne de +commande. En fait la situation n'est pas si catastrophique. Il y a un +avantage à écrire des outils en ligne de commande pour des tâches +complexes : ils sont bien plus fiables, parce qu'ils n'héritent pas de +la complexité inhérente aux interfaces graphiques. +Il est ensuite possible de +concevoir des outils graphiques qui servent d'interface aux outils en +ligne de commande. C'est le cas de \TeX{} : vous interagirez avec lui +la plupart du temps au travers d'un éditeur de textes qui possède une +interface graphique. + +Cependant, il se peut que vous ayez besoin d'utiliser la ligne de +commande dans certaines situations. Par exemple en cas de +problèmes, parce que vous avez besoin de trouver une erreur dans votre +installation -- voir la section~\ref{sec:troubleshooting}. + +\begin{description} +\item[Windows~9x, WinME] Vous ouvrirez une ligne de commande soit en cherchant + l'icône \acro{MS-DOS} dans le menu \og \guiseq{Démarrer\arw Programmes}\fg{}, + soit en choisissant \og \guiseq{Démarrer\arw Exécuter}\fg{}, puis en tapant + \path{command.com} . +\item[NT, 2K, XP] Vous ouvrirez une ligne de commande en cherchant + \og \guiseq{Invite de commandes}\fg{} dans le menu \og \guiseq{Démarrer\arw + Accessoires}\fg{} (ces emplacements peuvent changer d'une version de Windows à + l'autre). Vous pouvez aussi choisir le menu + \og Démarrer -> Exécuter\fg{} et taper \path{cmd.exe}, qui est le nom + du nouvel interpréteur de commandes pour NT. +\end{description} + +\subsubsection{Les séparateurs de chemins} + +L'API Win32 admet les deux caractères \verb+/+ et \verb+\+ comme +séparateurs pour les noms de fichiers. Mais pas les interpréteurs +de commande ! Donc, chaque fois qu'un nom de fichier est utilisé par +un programme, vous pouvez utiliser l'un ou l'autre séparateur, mais +sur la ligne de commande, vous devez utiliser \verb+\+ comme unique +séparateur. Ce qui explique que vous pouvez taper : +\begin{verbatim} + C:\>set TEXMFCNF=C:/Program Files/TeXLive/texmf-var/web2c +\end{verbatim} +mais pas : +\begin{verbatim} +C:\>dir "C:/Program Files/TeXLive" +\end{verbatim} +Dans le premier cas, seuls des programmes utiliseront le chemin que +vous avez fourni, dans le deuxième cas, c'est l'interpréteur de commandes +qui va vouloir s'en servir directement. + +Tout ceci pour dire, ne soyez pas surpris de voir des noms de +fichiers écrits avec des \path{/} en guise de séparateurs, à la mode Unix ; +fp\TeX{} est un portage de \Webc, dont l'objectif est d'être +compatible avec toutes les plates-formes. Pour cette raison, les +fichiers de configuration utilisent la convention Unix des séparateurs +dans les noms de fichiers. + +\subsubsection{Les systèmes de gestion de fichiers} + +Une des plus mauvaises caractéristiques de Windows~9x vis-à-vis de \TeX{} +est probablement ce qu'on appelle le système de fichiers FAT. +\TeX{} utilise une myriade de petits fichiers dont la taille varie +entre 1~ko et 5~ko. Le système FAT est ancien et date d'une époque bien +antérieure à l'apparition des disques de plusieurs Go qui sont monnaie +courante aujourd'hui. Tout ceci pour dire qu'il n'est pas possible de +gérer efficacement les dizaines de fichiers de \TL{} sur un disque dur +formaté en FAT. Les fichiers se voient allouer chacun 32~ko au +minimum, donc l'installation de \TL{} utilise beaucoup plus de +place que nécessaire. + +Le seul moyen d'éviter ce problème consiste à +passer en FAT32 ou NTFS. Ces systèmes sont plus récents et n'ont pas +l'inconvénient de FAT. La taille des clusters par défaut y est de 4~ko, +leur accès est plus performant. NTFS est protégé, redondant et on peut +même ajuster la taille des clusters jusqu'à un minimum de 512 octets +à la création. + +\subsubsection{Comment ajouter un répertoire à votre PATH} + +Il existe dans votre système des variables qui +agissent un peu comme des variables globales à tous vos programmes. On +appelle cet ensemble de variables \emph{l'environnement}. Chaque +programme hérite à son démarrage d'une copie de l'environnement. Il peut +modifier les valeurs des variables, ajouter ou enlever des variables, +mais les modifications ne sont effectives que pour sa propre copie et +ne sont pas propagées aux autres programmes, sauf à ceux qu'il lance +lui-même. + +Votre variable PATH est une variable spéciale de l'environnement +utilisée pour chercher les programmes lorsque vous en demandez +l'exécution. Il y a une procédure différente pour modifier cette +variable selon que vous êtes sous Windows~9x, \acro{ME} ou +\acro{NT}/\acro{2K}/\acro{XP}. + +\begin{description} +\item[Windows 95/98] +Éditez votre fichier \path{autoexec.bat}. Dans ce fichier, vous +trouverez une ligne commençant par \path{PATH=} et suivie par une +liste de répertoires séparés par des points-virgules. Ajoutez le répertoire +contenant les programmes exécutables au bout de cette ligne. Cette +ligne ressemble alors à la suivante : +\begin{verbatim} +PATH=C:\windows;C:\windows\system;C:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32 +\end{verbatim} +Les modifications ne prendront effet qu'après redémarrage de la machine. +\item[Windows ME] + Vous devez utiliser le programme + \path{C:\string\windows\string\system\string\msconfig.exe} pour pouvoir + modifier une des + variables d'environnement. Dans ce programme, choisissez l'onglet + Environnement, ensuite ajoutez ou modifiez la variable de votre + choix. Il faut alors redémarrer la machine pour que les modifications + prennent effet. +\item[Windows NT/2K/XP] + Ouvrez le \guiseq{Panneau~de~Contrôle}, accessible depuis le menu + \guiseq{Démarrer\arw} \guiseq{Paramètres\arw Panneau~de~Contrôle}. + Ouvrez l'icône Système, la fenêtre des \guiseq{Propriétés système} + s'ouvre. Choisissez l'onglet \textsf{Environnement} ou cherchez un + bouton \guiseq{Variables d'environnement} +parmi les différentes boîtes de dialogue offertes. +Vous pouvez maintenant modifier vos propres variables d'environnement. +Il est à noter que les variables d'environnement système communes à +tous les utilisateurs sont également affichées. Vous ne pouvez les +modifier que si vous avez les droits d'administrateur. Si c'est le +cas, vous pouvez modifier la variable \path{PATH} pour tous les +utilisateurs du système -- mais vous devez savoir précisément ce que +vous faites. + +S'il y a déjà un \path{PATH} défini pour votre compte utilisateur, cliquez +dessus. Dans le champ \textsf{Variable} apparaît \path{PATH} et dans le champ +\textsf{Valeur}, la liste courante de répertoires séparés par des +points-virgules. Ajoutez les répertoires où se trouvent vos exécutables (i.e. +\path{C:\string\TeXLive2005\string\bin\string\win32}). Si la variable +\path{PATH} n'est pas encore définie, il suffit de taper son nom dans le champ +\textsf{Variable} et la valeur initiale que vous souhaitez lui donner dans le +champ \textsf{Valeur}. Important : cliquez sur le bouton \textsf{Appliquer} +avant de cliquer sur \textsf{Ok}, de cette façon, les modifications seront +propagées immédiatement à la session courante. Soyez prudent quand vous +modifiez les variables d'environnement. +\end{description} + +Le meilleur moyen de savoir si une variable a été correctement définie +consiste à ouvrir une console et à taper +\begin{verbatim} +set VARIABLE +\end{verbatim} +la valeur correspondante doit alors être affichée.. + +\subsubsection{Les moteurs \TeX{}} + +En lisant la documentation de \Webc{}, on voit +que les différents programmes dérivés de \TeX{} +utilisent le même moteur de base. Par exemple, \path{tex.exe} et +\path{latex.exe} sont des copies exactes du même programme, mais +chacun utilise un fichier de format différent, en se basant sur le nom +par lequel il a été invoqué. + +Sous Unix, ce mode de fonctionnement est réalisé en faisant appel aux +\emph{liens symboliques}. On peut ainsi économiser un peu d'espace disque, +car plusieurs moteurs de base sont utilisés avec différents fichiers +de format. + +L'API Win32 ne connaît pas les liens symboliques. Dans le but +d'économiser presqu'autant d'espace disque, tous les moteurs +\TeX{} de base ont été mis dans des DLL (\emph{Dynamic Linked + Library}). Ceci se traduit par l'aspect suivant pour les fichiers : +\begin{alltt} +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 latex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 pdfetex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 524 288 tl90pdfetex.dll +\end{alltt} +\noindent et le fichier \path{latex.exe} n'est ni plus ni moins qu'une copie +presqu'identique du fichier \path{pdfetex.exe}, utilisant le même moteur +\path{tl90pdfetex.dll}. La même astuce a été utilisée pour la famille de +programmes \path{mktex*.exe} qui utilisent tous la bibliothèque +\path{mktex.dll}. + +Il existe même un outil générique appelé \path{irun.exe} qui permet +de simuler les liens durs de Unix sous Win32, mais uniquement pour les +fichiers \file{.exe}. + +\subsection{En cas de problème} +\label{sec:troubleshooting} + +\subsubsection{Que faire si \texttt{latex} ne trouve pas vos fichiers ?} + +\begin{itemize} +\item \cmdname{kpsewhich} est l'outil de choix pour trouver la source + de n'importe quel problème. Malheureusement, \cmdname{kpsewhich} + écrit la trace de ses recherches sur le flux \path{stderr}, et les anciennes + versions de la console de Windows ne savaient pas rediriger ce flux vers un + fichier\footnote{En fait, les systèmes Windows NT/2K/XP savent le faire, + grâce à leur nouvel interpréteur de commandes, mais l'astuce spécifique à + \KPS{}-Win32 fonctionne sur toutes les consoles.}. + Pour des besoins de diagnostic, vous pouvez positionner temporairement une + variable d'environnement (dans une console) : +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=err.log +\end{verbatim} +Vous pouvez également définir un niveau de trace : +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG=-1 +\end{verbatim} + +La trace de l'exécution des commandes suivantes sera conservée dans le +fichier \filename{err.log}. Si vous voulez rediriger le flux stderr sur le +flux stdout, ce qui n'est normalement possible sous aucune version de Windows, +il vous suffit de faire : +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=con: +\end{verbatim} +De cette manière, vous pourrez rediriger à la fois stdout et stderr +dans le même fichier. + +\item En supposant que l'installation a été faite dans + \texttt{C:/TeX}, vérifiez les valeurs suivantes :\\ + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \texttt{kpsewhich -expand-path \$SELFAUTOPARENT} & \texttt{C:/TeX} \\ + \texttt{kpsewhich -expand-path \$TEXMF} & \texttt{C:/TeX/texmf....} \\ + \texttt{kpsewhich -expand-path \$TEXMFCNF} & + \texttt{.;C:/TeX/texmf-var/web2c;} \\ + \texttt{kpsewhich -expand-var \$TEXINPUTS} & \texttt{.;C:/TeX/texmf/tex//} + \end{tabular} + +\item Si des variables d'environnement liées à TeX sont + positionnées dans votre environnement, enlevez-les, car elles + masquent les valeurs existant dans le fichier \filename{texmf.cnf}. + +\item Vérifiez les valeurs de :\\ + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \texttt{kpsewhich cmr10.tfm} & \texttt{C:/TeX/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm}\\ + \texttt{kpsewhich latex.fmt}& \texttt{C:/TeX/texmf/web2c/latex.fmt} + \end{tabular} + +\item à ce point, si tout est correct, \TeX{} et tous les + programmes associés doivent fonctionner. Si ce n'est pas le cas, + vous devez poursuivre vos investigations avec l'option \path{-debug=n} de + \path{kpsewhich} et contrôler toutes les valeurs. Essayez + d'identifier et de signaler le problème. +\end{itemize} + +\subsubsection{Que faire si votre installation ne fonctionne toujours + pas selon vos attentes ?} + +Il faut se poser plusieurs questions : +\begin{enumerate} +\item Est-ce que \path{tex.exe} est bien dans mon \path{PATH} ? + +\item Est-ce que la variable d'environnement \path{TEXMFCNF} est bien + positionnée à \\ + \path{C:/TeXLive2005/texmf-var/web2c} (valeur par défaut) ? + +\item Est-ce qu'il y a des erreurs dans le fichier de log \file{tlmpgui.log} + généré lors de l'installation par \filename{tlmpgui} ? Ce fichier est dans + le répertoire \file{TEMP}, les erreurs sont repérées par la séquence + \samp{Error}. + +\item Y a-t-il des correctifs de bogues correspondant au problème à + \url{http://www.tug.org/tex-live.html} (improbable, mais il vaut + mieux le vérifier). + +\end{enumerate} + +Le logiciel \TL{} est composé de centaines de +programmes et de milliers de fichiers d'origines très diverses. Il +est pratiquement impossible de prédire toutes les causes possibles de +problèmes. Néanmoins, nous ferons notre possible pour vous aider dans +tous les cas (voir section~\ref{sec:help}, \p.\pageref{sec:help}). + +% don't use \Webc so the \uppercase in the headline works. +%\section{Guide d'utilisation du système \protect\Webc{}} +\section{Guide d'utilisation du système Web2C} + +\Webc{}est une collection intégrée de programmes relatifs à \TeX, +c.-à-d. \TeX{} lui-même, \MF{}, \MP, \BibTeX{}, etc. +C'est le c\oe ur de \TL{}. + +Un peu d'histoire : la première implémentation a été réalisée par Tomas +Rokicki qui, en 1987, a développé un premier système \TeX{}-to-C en adaptant +les \textit{change files} pour Unix (travail de Howard Trickey et Pavel Curtis +principalement). Tim Morgan assura la maintenance du système, dont le nom fut +remplacé durant cette période par Web-to-C. En 1990, Karl Berry reprit le +travail, assisté par des dizaines de contributeurs, et en 1997 il passa le +relais à Olaf Weber. + +Le système \Webc{} fonctionne sur Unix, les systèmes Windows 32 bits, +\MacOSX{} et de nombreux autres systèmes d'exploitation. Il utilise les +sources originales de D.E.~Knuth pour \TeX{} et les autres programmes de base +écrits en \web{} qui sont tous traduits en langage C. Les composants du noyau +de \TeX{} sont : + +\begin{description} +%\renewcommand{\makelabel}[1]{\descriptionlabel{\makebox[0.6in][l]{#1}}} +\item[bibtex] Gère les bibliographies. +\item[dmp] \cmdname{troff} vers MPX (dessins \MP{}). +\item[dvicopy] Copie le fichier \dvi{} en supprimant les fontes +virtuelles. +\item[dvitomp] Convertit le fichier \dvi{} en MPX (dessins \MP{}). +\item[dvitype] Convertit le fichier \dvi{} en un texte lisible. +\item[gftodvi] Visualisation de fontes génériques GF. +\item[gftopk] Convertit les fontes génériques GF en fontes bitmap PK. +\item[gftype] Convertit le fichier GF en un texte lisible. +\item[makempx] Typographie des étiquettes \MP{}. +\item[mf] Création de fontes. +\item[mft] Mise en page de code source \MF{}. +\item[mpost] Création de diagrammes techniques. +\item[mpto] Extraction d'étiquettes \MP{}. +\item[newer] Comparaison de dates de modification (fichiers). +\item[patgen] Création de motifs de césure. +\item[pktogf] Convertit les fontes bitmap PK en fontes génériques GF. +\item[pktype] Convertit les fontes PK en un texte lisible. +\item[pltotf] Convertit les fichiers PL (lisibles) en TFM. +\item[pooltype] Affiche les fichiers \web{} pool. +\item[tangle] \web{} vers Pascal. +\item[tex] Composition de textes. +\item[tftopl] Convertit les fichiers TFM en PL (lisibles). +\item[vftovp] Convertit les fontes virtuelles VF en VPL (lisibles). +\item[vptovf] Convertit les fontes VPL en fontes virtuelles VF. +\item[weave] \web{} vers \TeX. +\end{description} + +La syntaxe et les fonctions précises de ces programmes sont décrites +dans +la documentation des composants individuels et dans le manuel \Webc{} +lui-même. Toutefois, connaître un certain nombre de principes +régissant +l'ensemble de la famille de programmes peut aider à exploiter de +façon +optimale votre installation \Webc{}. + + Presque tous ces programmes suivent les +options standard de \acro{GNU} : +\begin{description} +%\renewcommand{\descriptionlabel}[1]{\makebox[1.4in][l]{#1}} + \item[\texttt{-{}-help}] imprime le sommaire de l'utilisation, + \item[\texttt{-{}-verbose}] imprime le rapport détaillé du processus, + \item[\texttt{-{}-version}] imprime seulement le numéro de version. +\end{description} + +Pour localiser les fichiers, les programmes \Webc{} utilisent la +bibliothèque de recherche \KPS{}. Cette bibliothèque utilise une +combinaison de +variables d'environnement et un certain nombre de fichiers de +paramètres pour optimiser la recherche dans l'énorme arborescence +\TeX{}. +\Webc{} peut exécuter une recherche dans plusieurs arborescences +simultanément, ce qui est utile si l'on souhaite maintenir la +distribution standard de \TeX{} et les extensions locales dans deux +arborescences distinctes. Afin d'accélérer la recherche de fichiers, la +racine de chaque arborescence possède un fichier \file{ls-R} contenant +une +entrée donnant le nom et le chemin de chaque fichier situé sous la +racine. + +\subsection{Kpathsea et la recherche de fichiers} + +Décrivons en premier lieu le mécanisme de recherche de la bibliothèque +\KPS{}. + +Nous appelons \emph{chemin de recherche} une liste, séparée par +\og deux-points\fg{} ou \og point-virgule\fg{}, d'éléments, appelés +\emph{éléments de chemin}, qui sont des noms de répertoires. +Un chemin de recherche peut provenir de plusieurs sources. +Pour rechercher un fichier \samp{my-file} le long +d'un chemin \samp{.:/dir}, \KPS{} vérifie chaque élément du +chemin : +d'abord \filename{./my-file}, puis \filename{/dir/my-file}, et renvoie la +première occurrence (voire toutes). + +Afin d'optimiser l'adaptation à tous les systèmes d'exploitation, +\KPS{} peut utiliser dans les noms de fichiers des séparateurs +différents +de deux-points (\samp{:}) et barre oblique (\samp{/}) + pour les systèmes non-Unix. + +Pour vérifier un élément de chemin particulier \var{p}, \KPS{} +vérifie d'abord si une base de données existante (voir +page~\pageref{Filename-database}) contient \var{p}, +c.-à-d. si la base de données se trouve dans un +répertoire qui est un préfixe de \var{p}. Si oui, la spécification +du chemin est comparée avec le contenu de la base de données. + +Si la base de données n'existe pas, si elle ne s'applique pas à cet +élément de chemin ou si elle ne contient aucune correspondance, +la recherche est lancée sur tout le système de fichiers (si cela +n'a +pas été interdit +par une commande commençant par \samp{!!} + et si le fichier cherché est censé exister). +\KPS{} construit la liste de répertoires qui correspondent +à cet élément de chemin, puis cherche le fichier dans chaque +élément +de cette liste. + +La condition \og le fichier est censé exister\fg{} est liée aux +fichiers~\samp{.vf} et aux fichiers d'entrée lus par la commande \TeX\ +\cs{openin}. +De tels fichiers peuvent ne pas exister (par exemple \file{cmr10.vf}), +il +est donc inutile de les rechercher sur le disque. De plus, si vous +n'actualisez pas le fichier \file{ls-R} lors de l'installation d'un +nouveau fichier +\samp{.vf}, +il ne sera jamais trouvé. +Chaque élément de chemin est alors vérifié : d'abord dans +la base de données puis sur le disque. Si une occurrence est +trouvée, la recherche s'arrête et le résultat est obtenu. + +Bien que l'élément de chemin le plus simple et le plus fréquent +soit un +nom de répertoire, \KPS{} supporte d'autres types d'éléments dans +les +chemins de recherche : des valeurs par défaut différentes pour chaque +programme, des noms de variables d'environnement, des valeurs de +fichiers de +configuration, les répertoires de l'utilisateur et la recherche +récursive +de sous-répertoires. Nous disons alors que \KPS{} \emph{étend} un +élément, c'est-à-dire que \KPS{} transforme toutes ces +spécifications +en noms de répertoires de base. Cette opération est décrite dans les sections +suivantes. + +Notons que si le nom de fichier cherché est absolu ou explicitement +relatif, c'est-à-dire commençant par \samp{/}, \samp{./} ou +\samp{../}, \KPS{} ne vérifie que l'existence de ce fichier. +\ifSingleColumn +\else +\begin{figure*} +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{0pt} + \caption{Un exemple de fichier de configuration} + \label{fig:config-sample} +\end{figure*} +\fi + +\subsubsection{Les différentes sources} +\label{Path-sources} + +Un chemin de recherche peut provenir de plusieurs sources. Voici l'ordre +dans lequel \KPS\ les utilise. + +\begin{enumerate} +\item + Une variable d'environnement définie par l'utilisateur, par exemple + \envname{TEXINPUTS}. Les variables d'environnement avec une + extension attachée (nom de programme) sont d'abord prises en compte : + par exemple, si \samp{latex} est le nom du programme exécuté, + \envname{TEXINPUTS.latex} passera avant \envname{TEXINPUTS}. +\item + Un fichier de configuration de programme spécifique, par exemple une +ligne + \og \texttt{S /a:/b}\fg{} dans le fichier \file{config.ps} de \cmdname{dvips}. +\item + Un fichier de configuration \file{texmf.cnf} de \KPS{} contenant une + ligne telle que \\ \samp{TEXINPUTS=/c:/d} (voir ci-dessous). +\item La valeur par défaut obtenue à la compilation. +\end{enumerate} +\noindent On peut voir chacune de ces valeurs pour un chemin de +recherche +donné en utilisant l'option de débogage (voir page~\pageref{Debugging}). + +\subsubsection{Fichiers de configuration} + +\begingroup\tolerance=3500 +\KPS{} lit dans les \emph{fichiers de configuration à + l'exécution} appelés \file{texmf.cnf} les chemins de recherche et +d'autres définitions. Le chemin pour accéder à ces fichiers dans +l'arborescence est stocké dans la variable \envname{TEXMFCNF} +(par défaut ces +fichiers se trouvent dans le sous-répertoire \file{texmf/web2c}). +\emph{Tous} les fichiers \file{texmf.cnf} se trouvant dans le chemin +de recherche vont être lus et les définitions provenant +de fichiers précédents écraseront celles des fichiers suivants. Par +exemple, avec un chemin tel que \verb|.:$TEXMF|, les définitions du +fichier \filename{./texmf.cnf} écrasent celles de +\verb|$TEXMF/texmf.cnf|. +\endgroup + +\begin{itemize} +\item + Les commentaires sont signalés par un \texttt{\%} et + se terminent à la fin de la ligne. +\item + Les lignes vides sont ignorées. +\item + Un \bs{} à la fin d'une ligne joue le rôle d'un lien entre deux + lignes, c'est-à-dire que la ligne courante se poursuit à la ligne + suivante. Dans ce cas, les espaces présents au début de la ligne + suivante ne sont pas ignorés. +\item + Toutes les autres lignes sont de la forme : +\begin{alltt} + \emph{variable}[.\emph{progname}] [=] \emph{value} +\end{alltt}% + où le \samp{=} et les espaces autour sont optionnels. +\item + Le nom de la \ttvar{variable} peut contenir n'importe + quel caractère autre que les espaces, \samp{=}, ou \samp{.}, mais + on recommande d'utiliser \samp{A-Za-z\_} pour éviter les + problèmes. +\item + Si \samp{.\var{progname}} est présent, sa définition + s'applique seulement si le programme exécuté se nomme + \texttt{\var{progname}} ou \texttt{\var{progname}.exe}. Ceci permet + par exemple à différentes variantes de \TeX{} d'avoir des chemins de + recherche différents. +\item + \var{value} peut contenir n'importe quel caractère + excepté \code{\%} et \samp{@}. + L'option + \code{\$\var{var}.\var{prog}} + n'est pas disponible à droite du signe \samp{=} ; + à la place, on doit utiliser une variable supplémentaire. Un +\samp{;}\ dans \var{value} +est compris comme un + \samp{:}\ si on travaille sous Unix ; ceci est très utile et + permet d'avoir un seul \file{texmf.cnf} pour les systèmes Unix, + \acro{MS-DOS} et Windows. +\item + Toutes les définitions sont lues avant tout désarchivage ou + décompactage, de telle façon que les variables peuvent être + référencées avant d'être définies. +\end{itemize} +Voici un fichier de configuration illustrant les points +précédents +\ifSingleColumn + +%\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} % trop petit (df) +\begin{verbatim} +TEXMF = {$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFMAIN} +TEXINPUTS.latex = .;$TEXMF/tex/{latex,generic;}// +TEXINPUTS.fontinst = .;$TEXMF/tex//;$TEXMF/fonts/afm// +% e-TeX related files +TEXINPUTS.elatex = .;$TEXMF/{etex,tex}/{latex,generic;}// +TEXINPUTS.etex = .;$TEXMF/{etex,tex}/{eplain,plain,generic;}// +\end{verbatim} + +\else +dans la Figure~\ref{fig:config-sample}. +\fi + +\subsubsection{Expansion d'un chemin de recherche} +\label{Path-expansion} + +\KPS{} reconnaît certains caractères et constructions spéciales dans +les chemins de recherche, semblables à ceux disponibles dans les +\textit{shells} Unix. Ainsi, le chemin complexe, +\verb+~$USER/{foo,bar}//baz+ %$ +étend la recherche vers tous les sous-répertoires situés sous les +répertoires \file{foo} et \file{bar} dans le répertoire utilisateur +\texttt{\$USER} contenant un répertoire ou un fichier appelé %$ +\file{baz}. Ces expansions sont explicitées dans les sections +suivantes. + +\subsubsection{Expansion par défaut} +\label{Default-expansion} + +\tolerance=2500 +Si le chemin de recherche le plus prioritaire (voir +section~\ref{Path-sources}) contient un \samp{:} +\emph{supplémentaire} (c.-à-d. en début ou fin de ligne ou +double), \KPS{} insère à cet endroit le chemin suivant dont la +priorité définie est immédiatement inférieure. Si ce chemin inséré +possède un \samp{:} supplémentaire, le même processus se +répète pour le chemin prioritaire suivant. +Par exemple, étant donné une variable d'environnement définie ainsi + +\tolerance=1500 + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{setenv TEXINPUTS /home/karl:} +\end{alltt} +la valeur de \code{TEXINPUTS} d'après le fichier \file{texmf.cnf} étant + +\begin{alltt} + .:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} +alors la valeur finale utilisée pour la recherche sera + +\begin{alltt} + /home/karl:.:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} + +Comme il est inutile d'insérer la valeur par défaut en plusieurs +endroits, \KPS{} applique la substitution à seulement un \samp{:} +supplémentaire et laisse les autres inchangés : il cherche d'abord un +\samp{:} en début de ligne, puis en fin de ligne et enfin un double +\samp{:}. + +\subsubsection{Expansion spécifiée par les accolades} + +Option utile, l'expansion par le biais des accolades +signifie, par exemple, que \verb+v{a,b}w+ va permettre la recherche +dans \verb+vaw:vbw+. Les définitions emboîtées sont autorisées. Ceci +peut être utilisé pour établir des hiérarchies \TeX{} multiples en +attribuant une liste entre accolades à \code{\$TEXMF}. Par exemple, +dans \file{texmf.cnf}, on trouve une définition du type suivant +(il y a en fait plus de répertoires) : +\begin{verbatim} + TEXMF = {$TEXMFHOME,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFSYSVAR,!!$TEXMFMAIN} +\end{verbatim} +Avec ceci, on peut écrire quelque chose comme +\begin{verbatim} + TEXINPUTS = .;$TEXMF/tex// +\end{verbatim} +%$ +ce qui signifie que, après avoir cherché dans le répertoire courant, les +arborescences complètes \code{\$TEXMFHOME/tex} suivie de +\code{\$TEXMFLOCAL/tex} (sur le disque) et ensuite les arborescences +\code{!!\$TEXMFVAR/tex} et \code{!!\$TEXMFMAIN/tex} +(définies dans le fichier de référence \file{ls-R} \emph{seulement}) seront +inspectées. C'est un moyen pratique permettant d'utiliser en parallèle deux +distributions \TeX{}, une \og gelée\fg{} (sur un \CD, par exemple) et une +autre régulièrement mise à jour avec de nouvelles versions quand elles +deviennent disponibles. En utilisant la variable \code{\$TEXMF} dans toutes +les définitions, on est toujours sûr d'inspecter d'abord l'arborescence la +plus récente. + +\subsubsection{Expansion des sous-répertoires} +\label{Subdirectory-expansion} + +Deux barres \samp{//} ou plus consécutives dans une partie d'un chemin suivant +un répertoire \var{d} sont remplacées par tous les sous-répertoires de +\var{d} : d'abord les sous-répertoires directement présents dans +\var{d}, ensuite les sous-répertoires de ceux-ci, et ainsi de suite. À +chaque niveau, l'ordre dans lequel les répertoires sont inspectés est +\emph{non-déterminé}. + +Dans le cas où l'on spécifie une partie de nom de fichier après le +\samp{//}, seuls sont inclus les sous-répertoires auxquels le nom +correspond. Par exemple, \samp{/a//b} va correspondre aux répertoires +\file{/a/1/b}, \file{/a/2/b}, +\file{/a/1/1/b}, et ainsi de suite, mais pas à \file{/a/b/c} ni +\file{/a/1}. + +Des \samp{//} multiples et successifs dans un chemin sont possibles, +mais \samp{//} au début d'un chemin est ignoré. + +\subsubsection{Liste des caractères spéciaux et de leur signification : + récapitulatif} + +La liste suivante récapitule la signification des caractères spéciaux +dans les fichiers de configuration de \KPS{}. + +\newcommand{\CODE}[1]{\makebox[3em][l]{\code{#1}}} + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item[\CODE{:}] Séparateur dans un chemin de recherche ; au début + ou à la fin d'un chemin, il remplace le chemin par défaut. + +\item[\CODE{;}] Séparateur dans les systèmes non-Unix + (joue le rôle de \code{:}). + +\item[\CODE{\$}] Substitue le contenu d'une variable. + +\item[\CODE{\string~}] Représente le répertoire racine de + l'utilisateur. + +\item[\CODE{\char`\{...\char`\}}] Expansion par les accolades, + par exemple \verb+a{1,2}b+ devient \verb+a1b:a2b+. + +\item[\CODE{//}] La recherche concernera aussi les sous-répertoires + (peut être inséré n'importe où dans un chemin sauf au début). + +\item[\CODE{\%}] Début d'un commentaire. + +\item[\CODE{\bs}] Caractère de continuation de ligne (permet les + entrées sur plusieurs lignes). + +\item[\CODE{!!}] Cherche \emph{seulement} dans la base de + données pour localiser le fichier et \emph{ne cherche pas} sur le disque. + +\end{ttdescription} + +\subsection{Les bases de données} +\label{Filename-database} + +\KPS{} a une certaine profondeur d'investigation pour minimiser les +accès disque durant les recherches. Néanmoins, dans le cas de +distributions comprenant beaucoup de répertoires, inspecter chaque +répertoire possible pour un fichier donné peut durer excessivement +longtemps (ceci est typiquement le cas quand plusieurs centaines de +répertoires de polices de caractères doivent être parcourus). En +conséquence, \KPS{} peut utiliser un fichier texte appelé \file{ls-R} --- en +fait une base de données +construite au préalable --- qui fait correspondre +les fichiers à leur répertoire, ce qui permet d'éviter une recherche +exhaustive sur le disque. + +Un deuxième fichier appelé \file{aliases} (qui est également une base de +données) permet de donner +des noms différents aux fichiers listés dans \mbox{\file{ls-R}}. Ceci peut +aider à adapter ses fichiers source aux conventions de \acro{DOS}~8.3 pour les +noms de fichiers. + +\subsubsection{Le fichier base de données} +\label{ls-R} + +Comme nous l'avons expliqué ci-dessus, le nom du principal fichier-base de +données doit être \mbox{\file{ls-R}}. +Dans votre installation, vous pouvez en mettre un à la racine de chaque +arborescence \TeX{} que vous désirez voir +inspecter (\code{\$TEXMF} par défaut) ; la plupart des sites ont +une seule arborescence \TeX{}. \KPS{} cherche les fichiers \file{ls-R} +dans le chemin spécifié dans la variable \code{TEXMFDBS}. + +La meilleure façon de créer et mettre à jour le fichier \file{ls-R} +est d'exécuter le script \cmdname{mktexlsr} inclus dans la +distribution. Il est appelé par les divers scripts \cmdname{mktex}\dots\ +En principe, ce script exécute uniquement la commande +%cd \var{/your/texmf/root} && \path|\|ls -1LAR ./ >ls-R| +% Remplacé (df) car \path|...| plante à cause de \let\path\url. +\begin{alltt} +cd \var{/your/texmf/root} && \boi{}ls -1LAR ./ >ls-R +\end{alltt} +en supposant que la commande \code{ls} de votre système produise le bon +format de sortie (le \code{ls} de \acro{GNU} convient +parfaitement). Pour s'assurer que la base de données est toujours à +jour, le meilleur moyen est de la reconstruire en utilisant la table +des \code{cron}, de telle façon que le fichier \file{ls-R} prenne +automatiquement en compte les changements dans les fichiers +installés, par exemple après une installation ou une +mise à jour d'un composant \LaTeX{}. + +Si un fichier n'est pas trouvé dans la base de données, par défaut +\KPS{} décide de le chercher sur le disque. Par contre, si un élément du +chemin commence par \samp{!!}, \emph{seule} la base de données +sera inspectée pour cet élément, jamais le disque. + +\subsubsection{kpsewhich : programme de recherche dans une arborescence} +\label{Invoking-kpsewhich} + +Le programme \texttt{kpsewhich} effectue une recherche dans une +arborescence indépendamment de toute application. On peut le +considérer comme une sorte de \code{find} pour localiser des fichiers +dans les arborescences \TeX{} (ceci est largement utilisé dans les +scripts \cmdname{mktex}\dots\ de la distribution). + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich \var{option}\dots{} \var{filename}\dots{}} +\end{alltt} +Les options spécifiées dans \ttvar{option} peuvent +commencer soit par \samp{-} soit par \samp{-{}-} ; n'importe quelle +abréviation claire est acceptée. + +\KPS{} considère tout argument non optionnel dans la ligne de commande +comme un nom de fichier et renvoie la première occurrence trouvée. Il +n'y a pas d'option pour renvoyer tous les fichiers ayant un nom +particulier (vous pouvez utiliser le \cmdname{find} d'Unix pour cela). + +Les options les plus importantes sont décrites ci-après. + +\begin{ttdescription} +%\renewcommand{\makelabel}[1]{\descriptionlabel{\makebox[1.2in]{#1}}} +\item[\texttt{-{}-dpi=\var{num}}]\mbox{} \\ + Définit la résolution à \ttvar{num} ; ceci affecte + seulement la recherche des fichiers \samp{gf} et \samp{pk}. \samp{-D} est un + synonyme pour assurer la compatibilité avec \cmdname{dvips}. Le défaut + est 600. +\item[\texttt{-{}-format=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Définit le format pour la recherche à \ttvar{name}. + Par défaut, le format est estimé en fonction du nom de fichier. + Pour les formats qui n'ont pas de suffixe clair associé, comme les + fichiers de support \MP{} et les fichiers de configuration + \cmdname{dvips}, vous devez spécifier le nom connu de \KPS, comme + \texttt{tex} ou \texttt{enc files}. Exécutez la commande + \texttt{kpsewhich -{}-help} pour obtenir la liste précise. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-mode=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Définit le nom du mode comme étant \ttvar{string} ; +ceci affecte seulement la recherche des \samp{gf} et des \samp{pk}. +Pas d'option par défaut, n'importe quel mode sera trouvé. +\item[\texttt{-{}-must-exist}]\mbox{}\\ + Fait tout ce qui est possible pour trouver les fichiers, ce qui +inclut une recherche sur le disque. Par défaut, seule la base de +données \file{ls-R} est inspectée, dans un souci d'efficacité. +\item[\texttt{-{}-path=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + Recherche dans le chemin \ttvar{string} (séparé par +deux-points comme d'habitude), au lieu de prendre le chemin à partir +du nom de fichier. \samp{//} et toutes les expansions habituelles sont +supportées. + Les options \samp{-{}-path} et \samp{-{}-format} s'excluent mutuellement. +\item[\texttt{-{}-progname=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Définit le nom de programme comme étant \ttvar{name}. + Ceci peut affecter les chemins de recherche via l'option + \texttt{.\var{progname}} dans les fichiers de configuration. + Le défaut est \cmdname{kpsewhich}. +\item[\texttt{-{}-show-path=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + Montre le chemin utilisé pour la recherche des fichiers de type +\ttvar{name}. + On peut utiliser soit une extension de fichier (\code{.pk}, \code{.vf}, + etc.), soit un nom de fichier, comme avec l'option \samp{-{}-format}. +\item[\texttt{-{}-debug=\var{num}}]\mbox{}\\ + Définit les options de débogage comme étant + \ttvar{num}. +\end{ttdescription} + +\subsubsection{Exemples d'utilisation} +\label{SExamplesofuse} + +Jetons un coup d'{\oe}il à \KPS{} en action ; voici une recherche +toute simple : + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich article.cls} +/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls +\end{alltt} +Nous recherchons le fichier \file{article.cls}. Puisque le suffixe +\file{.cls} est non-ambigu, nous n'avons pas besoin de spécifier que +nous voulons rechercher un fichier de type \optname{tex} (répertoires des +fichiers sources de \TeX{}). Nous le trouvons dans le sous-répertoire +\filename{tex/latex/base} du répertoire racine \samp{TEXMF}. De même, + le suffixe non-ambigu permet de trouver facilement les autres fichiers. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich array.sty} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/array.sty +> \Ucom{kpsewhich latin1.def} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/latin1.def +> \Ucom{kpsewhich size10.clo} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo +> \Ucom{kpsewhich small2e.tex} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/small2e.tex +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tugboat.bib} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/bibtex/bib/beebe/tugboat.bib +\end{alltt} + +Le dernier exemple est une base de données bibliographiques pour \BibTeX{} +servant aux articles de \textsl{TUGBoat}. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich cmr10.pk} +\end{alltt} +Les fichiers de glyphes de fontes bitmaps, de type +\file{.pk}, sont +utilisés pour l'affichage par des programmes comme \cmdname{dvips} et +\cmdname{xdvi}. Rien n'est renvoyé dans ce cas puisque il n'y a pas +de fichiers Computer Modern \file{.pk} pré-créés sur nos systèmes +(nous utilisons les versions type~1 du \TL{}). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich wsuipa10.pk} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\else /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/ +... wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\fi\end{alltt} +Pour ces fontes (alphabet phonétique de l'université Washington), +nous avons dû créer les fichiers \file{.pk} et, puisque le mode \MF{} par +défaut sur notre installation est \texttt{ljfour} avec une résolution de +base de 600\dpi{} \textit{(dots per inch)}, cette instance est trouvée. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich -dpi=300 wsuipa10.pk} +\end{alltt} +Dans ce cas, lorsque l'on spécifie que nous recherchons une +résolution de 300\dpi{} (\texttt{-dpi=300}) nous voyons qu'aucune fonte +pour cette résolution n'est disponible dans le système. En fait, un +programme comme \cmdname{dvips} ou \cmdname{xdvi} ne s'en +préoccuperait pas et créerait les fichiers \file{.pk} à la +résolution demandée en utilisant le script \cmdname{mktexpk}. + +Intéressons-nous à présent aux fichiers d'en-tête et de configuration +pour \cmdname{dvips}. +Regardons en premier le fichier \file{tex.pro} communément utilisé +pour le support de \TeX{} avant de regarder le fichier +de configuration générique (\file{config.ps}) et la liste des fontes +\PS{} \file{psfonts.map}. Depuis l'édition 2004, les fichiers +\file{.map} et les fichiers de codage ont changé de place dans +l'arborescence \dirname{texmf}. Comme le suffixe \file{.ps} est +ambigu, nous devons spécifier quel type particulier du fichier +\texttt{config.ps} nous considérons (\optname{dvips config}). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tex.pro} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/tex.pro +> \Ucom{kpsewhich -{}-format="dvips config" config.ps} + /usr/local/texmf-var/dvips/config/config.ps +> \Ucom{kpsewhich psfonts.map} + /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map +\end{alltt} + +Regardons plus en détail les fichiers de support Times +\PS{} d'\acro{URW}. Leur nom standard dans le schéma de nommage des fontes +est \samp{utm}. Le premier fichier que nous voyons est le +fichier de configuration, qui contient le nom du fichier +de la liste : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich -{}-format="dvips config" config.utm} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/dvips/psnfss/config.utm +\end{alltt} +Le contenu de ce fichier est +\begin{alltt} + p +utm.map +\end{alltt} +qui pointe vers le fichier \file{utm.map}, que nous cherchons à +localiser ensuite. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utm.map} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/times/utm.map +\end{alltt} +Ce fichier liste les noms des fichiers des +fontes \PS{} de type~1 dans la collection URW. Son contenu +ressemble à (nous ne montrons qu'une partie des lignes) : +\begin{alltt} +utmb8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb +utmbi8r NimbusRomNo9L-MediItal... <utmbi8a.pfb +utmr8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +utmri8r NimbusRomNo9L-ReguItal... <utmri8a.pfb +utmbo8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb +utmro8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +\end{alltt} +Prenons par exemple le cas de Times Roman \file{utmr8a.pfb} et +trouvons sa position dans l'arborescence \file{texmf} en utilisant une +recherche applicable aux fichiers de fontes de type~1 : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utmr8a.pfb} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/urw/times/utmr8a.pfb +\else /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/ +... urw/utm/utmr8a.pfb +\fi\end{alltt} + +Il devrait être clair, d'après ces quelques exemples, qu'il est facile +de trouver l'endroit où se cache un fichier donné. C'est +particulièrement important si vous suspectez que c'est, pour une +raison quelconque, une mauvaise version du fichier qui est utilisée, +puisque \cmdname{kpsewhich} va vous montrer le premier fichier +trouvé. + +\subsubsection{Opérations de débogage} +\label{Debugging} + +Il est quelquefois nécessaire de savoir comment un programme référence +les fichiers. Pour permettre cela, \KPS{} offre +plusieurs niveaux de débogage : +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{\ 1}] Appels à \texttt{stat} (test d'existence de fichier). Lors d'une + exécution utilisant une base de données \file{ls-R} à jour, ce niveau + ne devrait donner presque aucune information en sortie. +\item[\texttt{\ 2}] Références aux différentes tables (comme la base + de données \file{ls-R}, les fichiers de correspondance de fontes, les fichiers de + configuration). +\item[\texttt{\ 4}] Opérations d'ouverture et de fermeture des + fichiers. +\item[\texttt{\ 8}] Information globale sur la localisation des types + de fichiers recherchés par \KPS. Ceci est utile pour trouver où a été + défini le chemin particulier pour un fichier. +\item[\texttt{16}] Liste des répertoires pour chaque élément du + chemin (utilisé uniquement en cas de recherche sur le disque). +\item[\texttt{32}] Recherche de fichiers. +\end{ttdescription} +Une valeur de \texttt{-1} activera toutes les options ci-dessus ; en +pratique, c'est habituellement la valeur la plus adaptée. + +De la même façon, avec le programme \cmdname{dvips}, en utilisant une +combinaison d'options de débogage, on peut suivre en détail la +localisation des +différents fichiers. De plus, lorsqu'un fichier n'est +pas trouvé, la trace du débogage montre les différents répertoires dans +lesquels le programme va chercher tel ou tel fichier, donnant ainsi +des indices sur le problème. + +Généralement, comme la plupart des programmes appellent la +bibliothèque \KPS{} en interne, on peut sélectionner une option de +débogage en utilisant la variable d'environnement +\envname{KPATHSEA\_DEBUG}, et en la définissant égale à la valeur (ou +à une combinaison de valeurs) décrite(s) dans la liste ci-dessus. + +Note à l'intention des utilisateurs de Windows : il n'est pas facile +de rediriger les messages d'erreur vers un fichier sur ces +systèmes. À des fins de diagnostic, vous pouvez temporairement +affecter \texttt{KPATHSEA\_DEBUG\_OUTPUT=err.log} pour capturer le flux +standard d'erreur dans le fichier \texttt{err.log}. + +Considérons comme exemple un petit fichier source \LaTeX{}, +\file{hello-world.tex}, dont le contenu est le suivant. +\begin{verbatim} + \documentclass{article} + \begin{document} + Hello World! + \end{document} +\end{verbatim} +Ce petit fichier utilise simplement la fonte \file{cmr10}, aussi +allons voir comment \cmdname{dvips} prépare le fichier \PS{} +(nous voulons utiliser la version type~1 +des fontes Computer Modern, d'où l'option \texttt{-Pcms}). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips -d4100 hello-world -Pcms -o} +\end{alltt} +Dans ce cas, nous avons combiné le niveau 4 de débogage de +\cmdname{dvips} (chemins des fontes) avec l'option d'expansion des +éléments du chemin de \KPS\ (voir \cmdname{dvips} Reference Manual, +\OnCD{texmf/doc/html/dvips/dvips_toc.html} sur le \DVDlive{}). +La sortie (légèrement formatée) apparaît dans la +Figure~\ref{fig:dvipsdbga}. +\begin{figure*}[tp] +\centering +\input{examples/ex6a.tex} +\caption{Recherche des fichiers de configuration}\label{fig:dvipsdbga} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6b.tex} +\caption{Recherche du fichier prolog}\label{fig:dvipsdbgb} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6c.tex} +\caption{Recherche du fichier de fontes}\label{fig:dvipsdbgc} +\end{figure*} + +\cmdname{dvips} commence par localiser ses fichiers de +fonctionnement. D'abord, \file{texmf.cnf} est trouvé, ce qui donne les +définitions pour les chemins de recherche servant à localiser les +autres fichiers, ensuite le fichier base de données \file{ls-R} (pour +optimiser la recherche des fichiers) et le fichier \file{aliases}, qui +permet de déclarer plusieurs noms (\p.ex., un nom \acro{DOS} de type +8.3 court et une version longue plus naturelle) pour le même +fichier. Ensuite \cmdname{dvips} continue en cherchant le fichier de +configuration générique \file{config.ps} avant de rechercher le fichier +de paramétrisation \file{.dvipsrc} (qui, dans notre cas, \emph{n'est +pas trouvé}). Enfin, \cmdname{dvips} localise le fichier de +configuration pour les fontes \PS{} Computer Modern +\file{config.cms} (ceci est lancé par l'option \mbox{\texttt{-Pcms}} de la +commande \cmdname{dvips}). Ce fichier contient la liste des fichiers + qui définissent la relation entre les noms des fontes +selon \TeX{}, selon \PS{} et dans le système de fichiers. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{more /usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms} + p +ams.map + p +cms.map + p +cmbkm.map + p +amsbkm.map +\end{alltt} +\cmdname{dvips} veut chercher tous ces fichiers, y compris le +fichier générique d'association \file{psfonts.map}, qui est toujours +chargé (il contient des déclarations pour les fontes \PS{} les +plus communément utilisées ; voir la dernière partie de la Section +\ref{SExamplesofuse} pour plus de détails sur la gestion du fichier +d'association \PS{}). + +Arrivé là, \cmdname{dvips} s'identifie à l'utilisateur : + \begin{alltt} + This is dvips(k) 5.92b Copyright 2002 Radical Eye Software (www.radicaleye.com) + \end{alltt} + +\ifSingleColumn +pour continuer ensuite en cherchant le fichier prologue \file{texc.pro}, +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(texc.pro) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro +\end{alltt} +\else +pour continuer ensuite en cherchant le fichier prologue \file{texc.pro} +(voir la Figure~\ref{fig:dvipsdbgb}). +\fi + +Après avoir trouvé ce fichier, \cmdname{dvips} affiche la date et +l'heure, et nous informe qu'il va générer le fichier +\file{hello-world.ps}, puis qu'il a besoin du fichier de fonte +\file{cmr10}, et que ce dernier est déclaré comme \og résident\fg{} +(pas besoin de bitmaps) : +\begin{alltt}\small +TeX output 1998.02.26:1204' -> hello-world.ps +Defining font () cmr10 at 10.0pt +Font cmr10 <CMR10> is resident. +\end{alltt} +Maintenant la recherche concerne le fichier \file{cmr10.tfm}, qui est +trouvé, puis quelques fichiers de prologue de plus (non montrés) sont +référencés ; finalement le fichier de la fonte type~1 \file{cmr10.pfb} +est localisé et inclus dans le fichier de sortie (voir la dernière ligne). +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm, must\_exist=1, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//: + /var/tex/fonts/tfm//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm +kdebug:start search(file=texps.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + ... +<texps.pro> +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.pfb, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb +<cmr10.pfb>[1] +\end{alltt} + +\subsection{Options à l'exécution} + +\Webc{} offre la possibilité de contrôler à l'exécution bon nombre de +paramètres concernant la mémoire (en particulier la taille des +tableaux utilisés) à partir du fichier +\file{texmf.cnf} qui est lu par \KPS. +Les paramètres en question se trouvent +dans la troisième partie du fichier inclus dans la distribution \TL{}. + Les variables les plus importantes sont : +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{main\_memory}] + Nombre total de mots mémoire disponibles pour + \TeX{}, \MF{} et \MP. Vous devez générer un nouveau fichier de + format pour chaque nouveau paramétrage. Par exemple, vous pouvez + générer une version large de \TeX{} et appeler le fichier de format + \texttt{hugetex.fmt}. En utilisant la méthode supportée par \KPS{} + qui consiste à suffixer la variable par le nom du programme, la valeur + particulière de la variable \texttt{main\_memory} destinée à ce + fichier de format sera lue dans le fichier \file{texmf.cnf}. +\item[\texttt{extra\_mem\_bot}] + Espace supplémentaire pour certaines structures de données de \TeX{} : + boîtes, \textit{glue}, points d'arrêt\dots{} Surtout utile si vous utilisez + \PiCTeX{} par exemple. +\item[\texttt{font\_mem\_size}] + Nombre de mots mémoire disponibles pour décrire les polices. C'est + plus ou moins l'espace occupé par les fichiers TFM lus. +\item[\texttt{hash\_extra}] + Espace supplémentaire pour la table de hachage des noms de séquences + de contrôle. Environ 10~000 de ces noms peuvent être stockés dans la + table principale ; si vous avez un document très volumineux avec + beaucoup de références croisées, il se peut que ce ne soit pas + suffisant. La valeur par défaut \texttt{hash\_extra} est \texttt{50000}. +\end{ttdescription} + +\noindent Évidemment, cette possibilité ne remplace pas une véritable +allocation dynamique des tableaux et de la mémoire, mais puisque c'est +complexe à implémenter dans le présent source \TeX{}, ces paramètres lus +à l'exécution fournissent un compromis pratique qui procure une certaine +souplesse. + +\begin{comment} +\section{Installation sur un nouveau système Unix} + +Si vous avez un système Unix ne correspondant à aucun des exécutables +fournis, il faut compiler vous-même \TeX{} et tous ses programmes +satellites à partir des sources. Cela n'est pas aussi difficile qu'il +y paraît. Tout ce dont vous aurez besoin est contenu dans le +répertoire \texttt{source} qui se trouve sur le \DVDlive. + +\subsection{Prérequis} + +% 100\,Mo seulement ??? (df) +Il faut au moins 100\,Mo d'espace sur disque pour compiler la +totalité de \TeX{} et des programmes associés. +Vous aurez aussi besoin d'un +compilateur C \acro{ANSI}, de l'utilitaire \cmdname{make}, +d'un générateur d'analyseur lexical et d'un générateur d'analyseur +syntaxique. Nous recommandons les versions \acro{GNU} des programmes suivants +(\cmdname{gcc}, \acro{GNU}\cmdname{make}, \cmdname{m4}, +\cmdname{flex}, \cmdname{bison}). Vous pouvez utiliser d'autres compilateurs C +et d'autres programmes \cmdname{make} si vous maîtrisez +correctement la programmation sous Unix pour résoudre les +problèmes éventuels. La commande \texttt{uname} doit renvoyer une valeur +raisonnable. + +\subsection{Configuration} +Tout d'abord, effectuez l'installation normale de \TL{} sur le disque +dur (voir section~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk}, +\p.\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk}). Vous pouvez sauter l'installation de +tous les binaires précompilés. +Décompactez ensuite sur le disque le fichier tar (archive) +compressé trouvé dans le répertoire \dirname{source} et placez-vous dans +le répertoire où vous avez transféré l'ensemble. + +Lancez maintenant \textsf{configure} de la façon suivante : +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh configure -prefix=/usr/local/TeX} +\end{alltt} + +Le répertoire \optname{-prefix} est le répertoire de base de l'arborescence. +Les répertoires utilisés sont les suivants +(\path{$TEXDIR} désigne le répertoire de base) : + +\noindent +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll@{}} + \dirname{$TEXDIR/share/texmf} & répertoire de base pour les fontes, + macros, etc\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/man} & pages du manuel Unix\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/info} & manuels \acro{GNU} en format Info\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin/$PLATFORM} & exécutables.\\ +\end{tabular}\\ + +Si vous ne voulez pas créer de répertoire \dirname{$PLATFORM} spécifique %$ +au système choisi (c.-à-d. copier directement les exécutables dans +\dirname{$TEXDIR/bin}), %$ +il faut exécuter \textsf{configure} avec l'option \\ +\verb|--disable-multiplatform|. + +Tapez \verb|./configure --help|, le programme affichera +les options supplémentaires disponibles (telles que supprimer l'installation +des extensions optionnelles comme \OMEGA\ ou \eTeX). + +\subsection{Exécuter \textsf{make}} +S'assurer que la variable ou l'option \texttt{noclobber} n'est pas définie. + et lancer le \cmdname{make} à la racine de l'arborescence de la façon +suivante : +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{make world} +\end{alltt} +et aller prendre un café\ldots. + +Il peut être utile de garder une trace complète dans un fichier log en +tapant : +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{sh -c "make world >world.log 2>\&1" \&} +\end{alltt} +Avant de conclure que tout va bien, vérifier que le fichier log ne contient +pas de message d'erreur : le \cmdname{make} de \acro{GNU} renvoie toujours +le message \samp{***} à chaque erreur d'exécution. Vérifier aussi que +tous les exécutables ont été créés. +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{cd \var{TEXDIR}/bin/\var{archname}} +>> \Ucom{ls | wc} +\end{alltt} +Le résultat doit être supérieur à 200 (on peut tester le nombre exact +dans le répertoire \dirname{bin} de la distribution). + +Si vous avez besoin de droits spéciaux pour exécuter \texttt{make install}, +vous pouvez séparer \samp{make world} en deux processus différents : +\begin{alltt} +>> \Ucom{make all} +>> \Ucom{su} +>> \Ucom{make install strip} +\end{alltt} + +Après avoir installé vos nouveaux binaires, il faut suivre les procédures +normales de la post-installation, indiquées dans la +section~\ref{sec:postinstall}, \p.\pageref{sec:postinstall}. +\end{comment} + +\section{Remerciements} + +\TL{} est le résultat des efforts +collectifs de pratiquement tous les groupes d'utilisateurs de \TeX. +La présente édition de \TL{} a été coordonnée par +Sebastian Rahtz et Karl Berry. +Voici la liste des principaux contributeurs : + +\begin{itemize} + +\item Dante e.V., le groupe allemand d'utilisateurs de \TeX{} qui nous + fournit la machine sur laquelle le source de \TL{} est développé et + maintenu, ainsi que Rainer Schöpf et Reinhard Zierke qui veillent à + son bon fonctionnement. Volker Schaa et Klaus H\"oppner, respectivement + président et vice-président de Dante, ont + coordonné la production avec l'éditeur-libraire Lehmanns + (\url{http://www.lob.de}). + +\item La société Perforce (\url{http://www.perforce.com}), qui nous a + fourni gratuitement une licence de l'excellent + logiciel de développement concurrent, utilisé pour gérer + les sources de \TL{}. + +\item Peter Breitenlohner et toute l'équipe \eTeX{} qui construisent + les bases des successeurs de \TeX. + +\item Thomas Esser, car, sans lui, sa merveilleuse distribution \teTeX{} et + son aide continuelle, \TL{} n'existerait probablement pas. + +\item Michel Goossens, en tant que co-auteur de la documentation initiale. + +\item Eitan Gurari, dont le programme \TeX4ht a été utilisé pour créer la + version \HTML{} de cette documentation et qui travailla inlassablement à + l'améliorer, avec des délais très brefs. + +\item Hans Hagen qui, outre sa participation active aux tests, + a adapté le format \ConTeXt\ aux besoins de \TL{}. + +\item Pawe{\l} Jackowski, pour l'installeur Windows \cmdname{tlpm}, +et Tomasz {\L}uczak, pour la version graphique \cmdname{tlpmgui}. + +\item \Thanh, Martin Schr\"oder et toute l'équipe pdf\TeX\ qui continuent + inlassablement à étendre les performances de \TeX. + +\item Petr Olsak, qui coordonna et vérifia minutieusement toute la + partie tchèque et slovaque. + +\item Fabrice Popineau, pour les binaires Windows de \TL. + +\item Staszek Wawrykiewicz, principal testeur de \TL{} et + coordinateur des contributions polonaises + (fontes, installation Windows, etc.). + +\item Olaf Weber, pour son patient assemblage et la maintenance de \Webc{} + sur laquelle tout repose. + +\item Gerben Wierda, qui a créé et maintient la partie \MacOSX{} + et qui participe activement aux tests. + +\item Graham Williams, du travail duquel dépend le catalogue des +composants. +\end{itemize} + +Les binaires ont été compilés par : +Tigran Aivazian (\pkgname{x86\_64-linux}), +Manfred Lotz (\pkgname{i386-freebsd}), +Fabrice Popineau (\pkgname{win32}), +Norbert Preining (\pkgname{alpha-linux}), +Vladimir Volovich (\pkgname{powerpc-aix}, \pkgname{sparc-linux} + et \pkgname{sparc-solaris}), +Staszek Wawrykiewicz (\pkgname{i386-linux}), +Olaf Weber (\pkgname{mips-irix}), +Gerben Wierda (\pkgname{i386-darwin}, \pkgname{powerpc-darwin}). + +Documentation et mises à jour des traductions : +Karl Berry (anglais), +G\"unter Partosch, Hartmut Henkel \& Klaus H\"oppner (allemand), +Daniel Flipo (français), +Petr Sojka \& Janka Chleb\'\i kov\'a (tchèque et slovaque), +Boris Veytsman (russe), +Staszek Wawrykiewicz (polonais). + +Bien sûr, notre gratitude va en premier lieu à Donald Knuth pour avoir +inventé \TeX{} et l'avoir offert au monde entier. + +\section{Historique des versions successives} +\label{sec:history} + +\subsection{Les éditions précédentes} + +La discussion commença à la fin de 1993 quand le Groupe des Utilisateurs +Néerlandais de \TeX{} commençait à travailler à son \CD{} 4All\TeX{} pour les +utilisateurs de \acro{MS-DOS}, et on espérait à ce moment sortir un \CD{} +unique pour tous les systèmes. C'était un objectif beaucoup trop ambitieux, +mais il permit la naissance du \CD{} 4All\TeX{}, projet couronné de succès, +mais aussi d'un groupe de travail \og \acro{TUG} Technical Council\fg{} pour +mettre en place TDS (\emph{\TeX{} Directory Structure} : +\url{http://tug.org/tds}), qui spécifiait la gestion des fichiers \TeX{} sous +une forme logique. La mouture finale de \TDS{} fut publiée dans le numéro de +décembre 1995 de \textsl{TUGboat}, et il était clair depuis un certain temps +qu'il fallait proposer un produit contenant une structure modèle sur \CD{}. +La distribution que vous possédez est le résultat direct des délibérations de +ce groupe de travail. Il était également clair que le succès des \CD{} +4All\TeX{} démontrait que les utilisateurs d'Unix trouveraient leur bonheur +avec une distribution aussi simple, et ceci a été l'autre objectif de +\TL. + +Nous avons d'abord entrepris de créer un nouveau \CD{} \TDS{} Unix à l'automne +1995, et nous avons rapidement choisi \teTeX{} de Thomas Esser comme étant la +configuration idéale, car il supportait déjà plusieurs plates-formes et avait +été construit en gardant à l'esprit la portabilité entre systèmes. Thomas +accepta de nous aider et commença à travailler sérieusement au début de 1996. +La première édition sortit en mai 1996. Au début de 1997, Karl Berry acheva +une nouvelle distribution de \Webc{}, qui incluait presque toutes les +caractéristiques que Thomas Esser avait ajoutées dans \teTeX, et il fut décidé +de baser la deuxième édition du \CD{} sur le standard \Webc, en y ajoutant le +script \texttt{texconfig} de \teTeX. La troisième édition du \CD{} était +basée sur une version majeure de \Webc, 7.2, par Olaf Weber ; en même temps, +une nouvelle version révisée de \teTeX{} était achevée dont \TL{} partageait +presque toutes les caractéristiques. La quatrième édition a suivi le même +schéma, en utilisant une nouvelle version de \teTeX{} et une nouvelle version +de \Webc{} (7.3). Le système incluait dorénavant un programme complet +d'installation pour Windows. + +Pour la cinquième édition (mars 2000), de nombreuses parties du \CD{} +ont été vérifiées et révisées, des centaines de composants +mis à jour. +Le contenu détaillé des composants était décrit par des +fichiers XML. Mais le changement majeur de cette cinquième édition a +été la suppression de tout logiciel non libre de droits. +Tout ce qui se trouve dans \TL{} devait être compatible avec la licence +Debian (\emph{Debian Free Software Guidelines} : +\url{http://www.debian.org/intro/free}) ; nous avons +fait de notre mieux pour vérifier les termes des licences de chaque +composant, et nous souhaiterions que toute erreur nous soit signalée. + +La sixième édition (juillet 2001) contient un grand nombre de mises à jour. +Le changement majeur de cette version réside dans la refonte du +processus d'installation : l'utilisateur peut désormais choisir +les collections de manière plus précise. Les collections concernant +les langues ont été entièrement réorganisées, aussi le choix d'une +langue installe non seulement les macros, les fontes, etc. mais +prépare également un fichier \file{language.dat} adéquat. + +La septième édition (mai 2002) a comme ajout majeur une installation +pour \MacOSX{} et l'habituelle myriade de mises à jour de composants et +de programmes. Un objectif important a été de fusionner à +nouveau les sources avec ceux de \teTeX{}, alors que les versions +5 et 6 s'en étaient éloignées. + +\subsubsection{2003} + +En 2003, le flot de mises à jour et d'additions a continué, mais nous +avons constaté que \TL{} était devenu si volumineux qu'il ne +pouvait plus tenir sur un seul \CD, aussi l'avons-nous divisé en trois +distributions distinctes (voir section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, +\p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). Par ailleurs : +\begin{itemize} +\item À la demande de l'équipe \LaTeX{}, nous avons modifié les + commandes standard \cmdname{latex} et \cmdname{pdflatex} pour + qu'elles utilisent \eTeX{} (voir \p.\pageref{text:etex}). +\item Les nouvelles fontes Latin Modern sont disponibles (et + recommandées). +\item Le support pour Alpha \acro{OSF} a été supprimé + (celui pour \acro{HPUX} l'avait été auparavant), car personne + disposant des machines nécessaires ne s'est + proposé pour compiler les nouveaux binaires. +\item L'installation pour Windows a été largement modifiée ; un environnement + de travail intégré basé sur \cmdname{XEmacs} a été introduit. +\item Des programmes supplémentaires importants pour Windows (Perl, + Ghost\-script, Image\-Magick, Ispell) sont maintenant installés dans le + répertoire d'installation de \TL{}. +\item Les fichiers \emph{font map} utilisés par \cmdname{dvips}, + \cmdname{dvipdfm} et \cmdname{pdftex} sont maintenant générés par le + nouveau programme \cmdname{updmap} et installés dans + \dirname{texmf/fonts/map}. +\item Dorénavant, \TeX{}, \MF{} et \MP{} écrivent les caractères 8-bit + présentés en entrée sans modification, et non pas avec la notation + \verb|^^|, que ce soit dans des fichiers (par la commande + \verb|write|), dans les fichiers de trace (\verb|.log|) ou sur le + terminal. Dans le \TL{}~7, l'écriture de ces caractères + 8-bit était influencée par les paramètres de localisation du + système; maintenant ces paramètres n'influent plus du tout sur le + comportement des programmes \TeX{}. Si pour quelque raison que ce + soit, vous avez besoin de la notation \verb|^^| en sortie, + renommez le fichier \verb|texmf/web2c/cp8bit.tcx|. Les prochaines + versions disposeront d'un moyen plus propre pour contrôler cette + sortie. +\item La documentation de \TL{} a été largement révisée. +\item Enfin, comme la numérotation séquentielle des versions + devenait peu maniable, il a été décidé d'identifier désormais la version + de \TL{} par l'année : \TL{}~2003 au lieu de \TL{}~8. +\end{itemize} + + +\subsubsection{2004} + +2004 a apporté beaucoup de changements (et quelques incompatibilités avec les +versions précédentes) : + +\begin{itemize} + +\item Si vous avez installé des fontes supplémentaires qui ont leur propre +fichier \file{.map} ou des fichiers \file{.enc} spécifiques, vous +devrez vraisemblablement déplacer ces fichiers. + +Les fichiers \file{.map} sont désormais recherchés uniquement dans les +sous-répertoires \dirname{fonts/map} (dans chaque arborescence +\filename{texmf}), leur chemin de recherche est donné par la variable +\envname{TEXFONTMAPS} de \filename{texmf.cnf}. +De même, les fichiers \file{.enc} sont désormais recherchés uniquement +dans les sous-répertoires \dirname{fonts/enc}, leur chemin de recherche est +donné par la variable \envname{ENCFONTS} de \filename{texmf.cnf}. +Le script \cmdname{updmap} devrait émettre des messages d'avertissement +pour les fichiers \file{.map} et \file{.enc} mal placés. + +Sur les différentes façons de traiter le problème, consulter +\url{http://tug.org/texlive/mapenc.html}. + +\item La distribution pour Windows a changé cette année : +l'installation de la distribution \fpTeX{} (basée sur \Webc{}) de Fabrice +Popineau n'est provisoirement plus proposée dans l'attente +d'un nouvel installeur. À la place, vous pouvez tester et installer +la distribution \MIKTEX{} (indépendante de \Webc{}), +voir section~\ref{sec:struct-tl}, \p.\pageref{sec:struct-tl}. +Le \CDdemo{} diffusé en 2003 a été supprimé. + +\item L'ancien répertoire \dirname{texmf} a été éclaté en trois parties : +\dirname{texmf}, \dirname{texmf-dist} et \dirname{texmf-doc}. Voir +section~\ref{sec:tld}, \p.\pageref{sec:tld}. +% et les fichiers \filename{README} à la racine de ces répertoires. +% (df) Y'en a pas !!! + +\item Tous les fichiers relatifs aux différents avatars de \TeX{} sont +désormais regroupés dans le même sous-répertoire \dirname{tex} des +arborescences \dirname{texmf*} (ils étaient jusqu'ici placés dans des +sous-répertoires spécifiques \dirname{tex}, \dirname{etex}, +\dirname{pdftex}, \dirname{pdfetex}, etc.). Voir +\CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions} +{\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions}}. + +\item Les scripts auxiliaires, normalement pas exécutés directement +par les utilisateurs, sont regroupés dans un répertoire \dirname{scripts} +des arborescences \dirname{texmf*}. On les localise grâce à la +commande \verb|kpsewhich -format=texmfscripts|. Au cas où vous en auriez, +les programmes utilisant ces scripts nécessiteront une adaptation. Voir +\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts}. + +\item La plupart des formats affichent en clair (dans les fichiers +\file{.log} en particulier) les caractères imprimables au lieu +de les transcrire en notation hexadécimale \verb|^^|. Ceci se fait +grâce au fichier \filename{cp227.tcx}, qui considère comme imprimables +les caractères 32 à 256, ainsi que les tabulations et les changements +de page (caractères 9 à 11). Les formats faisant exception sont +plain \TeX\ (seuls les caractères 32 à 127 sont déclarés imprimables), +\ConTeXt{} (0 à 255 imprimables) et les formats basés sur \OMEGA. +Il y a peu de différence avec le comportement de \TL\,2003 +mais la mise en {\oe}uvre est plus propre et plus facilement configurable. +Voir \OnCD{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files}. +Noter que l'utilisation du codage Unicode en entrée peut provoquer +des affichages défectueux en sortie (TeX code sur un seul octet). + +\item Tous les formats, sauf plain \TeX, font appel au moteur +\textsf{pdfetex} (qui produit bien sûr par défaut des fichiers \acro{DVI} +lorsque le format choisi est \LaTeX). Ceci permet aux formats +\LaTeX, \ConTeXt, etc., d'avoir accès aux fonctionnalités +micro-typographiques de pdf\TeX{} (alignement optique des marges par exemple) +et aux fonctionnalités de \eTeX{} (\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/}). + +Ceci rend \emph{indispensable} le recours à l'extension \pkgname{ifpdf} +(qui fonctionne aussi bien avec plain que \LaTeX) pour déterminer si +le format de sortie est \acro{DVI} ou \acro{PDF}. Tester si la commande +\cs{pdfoutput} est définie ou non \emph{n'est pas} un moyen fiable +de le faire. + +\item pdf\TeX\ (\url{http://pdftex.org}) offre de nouvelles fonctionnalités : + + \begin{itemize} + + \item Les commandes \cs{pdfmapfile} et \cs{pdfmapline} permettent + de spécifier le choix des fichiers \file{.map} à utiliser + pour le document en cours. + + \item L'amélioration du gris typographique par variation (infime) de la + largeur des caractères (\textit{font expansion}) est plus facile à + mettre en {\oe}uvre, voir + \url{http://www.ntg.nl/pipermail/ntg-pdftex/2004-May/000504.html} + + \item Le fichier \filename{pdftex.cfg} n'est plus utilisé. + Toutes les affectations de paramètres doivent désormais être + faites dans le préambule en utilisant les primitives ad~hoc. + + \item Pour plus d'informations, consulter le manuel de pdf\TeX\ : + \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual}. + + \end{itemize} + +\item La primitive \cs{input} de \cmdname{tex}, \cmdname{mf} et +\cmdname{mpost}, accepte désormais les espaces et autres caractères +spéciaux dans les noms de fichiers à condition d'utiliser des +\textit{double quotes}, en voici deux exemples typiques : +\begin{verbatim} +\input "filename with spaces" % plain +\input{"filename with spaces"} % latex +\end{verbatim} +Consulter le manuel \Webc{} pour plus d'informations : \OnCD{texmf/doc/web2c}. + +\item Les fonctionnalités de enc\TeX\ sont désormais incluses dans \Webc{}. +Ainsi, tous les formats \emph{construits avec l'option \optname{-enc}} y ont +accès. enc\TeX\ permet le transcodage en entrée et en sortie et +l'utilisation transparente du codage Unicode \acro{UTF}-8. Voir +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/generic/enctex/} et +\url{http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html}. + +\item Un nouveau moteur combinant les fonctionnalités de \eTeX\ +et d'\OMEGA, appelé Aleph, est disponible. \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base} +et \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=aleph} +fournissent une information succincte. Le format \LaTeX{} utilisant +Aleph s'appelle \textsf{lamed}. + +\item La licence \acro{LPPL} de \LaTeX\ (version décembre 2003) a changé, +elle est désormais compatible avec les prescriptions Debian. +Les autres changements sont décrits dans le fichier \filename{ltnews}, voir +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/latex/base}. + +\item Un nouveau programme, \cmdname{dvipng}, qui convertit les fichiers +\acro{DVI} en images \acro{PNG} a été ajouté. Voir +\OnCD{texmf/doc/man/man1/dvipng.1}. + +\item Nous avons dû réduire le nombre de fontes incluses dans l'extension +\pkgname{cbgreek}, ceci a été fait avec l'accord et l'aide de l'auteur +(Claudio Beccari). Les fontes exclues (invisibles, transparentes, contours) +sont rarement utilisées et la place nous manquait. La collection complète +des fontes \pkgname{cbgreek} est disponible sur \acro{CTAN} +(\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/greek/cb}). + +\item La commande \cmdname{oxdvi} a été supprimée, il suffit utiliser +\cmdname{xdvi} à la place. + +\item Les commandes \cmdname{initex}, \cmdname{virtex} et leurs +homologues pour \cmdname{mf} et \cmdname{mpost} ont disparu. +Vous pouvez les recréer si nécessaire mais elles sont avantageusement +remplacées, depuis des années maintenant, par l'option \optname{-ini} +(\cmdname{tex} \optname{-ini} pour \cmdname{initex} et \cmdname{virtex}). + +\item Les binaires pour l'architecture \textsf{i386-openbsd} ont été + supprimés par manque de volontaires pour les compiler. + +Sur \textsf{sparc-solaris} (au moins) il sera probablement +nécessaire de positionner la variable d'environnement +\envname{LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH} pour utiliser les programmes de la famille +\pkgname{t1utils}. Ceci vient du fait qu'ils sont compilés en C++, +et que l'emplacement des bibliothèques dynamiques est variable. +Ce n'est pas une nouveauté 2004 mais ce point n'était pas documenté +précédemment. De même, sur \textsf{mips-irix}, les bibliothèques dynamiques +\acro{MIPS}pro 7.4 sont nécessaires. + +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{L'édition 2005} +\label{tlcurrent} + +2005 a apporté son lot habituel d'innombrables mises à jour d'extensions +et de programmes. L'infrastructure est restée relativement stable par rapport +à 2004, à quelques changements inévitables près : + +\begin{itemize} + +\item Trois nouveaux scripts \cmdname{texconfig-sys}, \cmdname{updmap-sys} et + \cmdname{fmtutil-sys} ont été introduits ; ils agissent sur la + configuration générale de la machine, comme le faisaient les + scripts \cmdname{texconfig}, \cmdname{updmap} et \cmdname{fmtutil} + jusqu'à l'an dernier. Les nouveaux scripts \cmdname{texconfig}, + \cmdname{updmap} et \cmdname{fmtutil} modifient maintenant + la configuration \emph{personnelle} de l'utilisateur qui les lance ; + le résultat est placé dans le répertoire personnel de l'utilisateur + (sous \dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}), voir %$ + section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}. + +\item De nouvelles variables, \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} (resp. + \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}) ont été introduites ; elles définissent + les répertoires où doivent se trouver les fichiers de configuration de + l'utilisateur (resp. de la machine), comme \filename{fmtutil.cnf} et + \filename{updmap.cfg}. Les utilisateurs de fichiers de configuration + locaux \filename{fmtutil.cnf} ou \filename{updmap.cfg} devront + probablement les déplacer ; une autre possibilité est de modifier la + définition des variables \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} ou + \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} dans \filename{texmf.cnf}. L'important est + de s'assurer de la cohérence entre les définitions de ces variables + dans \filename{texmf.cnf} et l'emplacement réel de ces fichiers. + Voir section~\ref{sec:texmftrees}, \p.\pageref{sec:texmftrees} pour + la description des différentes arborescences texmf utilisées. + +\item L'an dernier nous avions rendu \og \texttt{undefined} \fg certaines + primitives propres à \cmdname{pdftex} (comme \verb|\pdfoutput|) + dans les formats créés à partir de \cmdname{pdfetex} (\cmdname{latex} + \cmdname{amstex}, \cmdname{context} par exemple)). + C'était à titre transitoire, aussi cette année, ces primitives sont de + nouveau définies dans tous les formats à base \cmdname{pdf(e)tex}, + \emph{même lorsqu'ils sont utilisés pour produire des fichiers + \file{.dvi}}. Ceci implique qu'il vous faudra modifier vos + documents qui utilisent le test \verb|\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined| + pour déterminer si la sortie est en DVI ou en PDF. Le mieux est + d'utiliser l'extension \pkgname{ifpdf.sty} et son test + \verb|\ifpdf| qui fonctionne même en plain \TeX. + +\item L'an dernier nous avions fait en sorte que la plupart des formats + impriment dans les sorties \file{.log} des caractères 8-bit + lisibles à la place des notations hexadécimales \verb|^^| + (voir section précédente). + Le nouveau fichier TCX \filename{empty.tcx} permet + de revenir facilement à la notation traditionnelle \verb|^^|, il suffit + de coder : +\begin{verbatim} +latex --translate-file=empty.tcx fichier.tex +\end{verbatim} + +\item Le nouveau programme \cmdname{dvipdfmx} est disponible pour convertir + des fichier DVI en PDF ; ce programme remplace \cmdname{dvipdfm}, + toujours disponible mais dont l'usage est maintenant déconseillé. + +\item Le variables \envname{HOMETEXMF} et \envname{VARTEXMF} ont été renommées + en \envname{TEXMFHOME} et \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} respectivement pour + raisons de cohérence avec les autres noms de variables. Il y a aussi + \envname{TEXMFVAR} qui désigne maintenant un répertoire personnel + de l'utilisateur (cf. le premier point de la présente liste). + +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Versions futures} + +\emph{\TL{} n'est pas un produit parfait !} +(et ne le sera jamais). Nous prévoyons de le +renouveler tous les ans, et aimerions fournir plus d'aide, de +fonctionnalités, de programmes d'installation, et (bien sûr) une +arborescence améliorée et vérifiée de macros et de fontes. Ce travail +est effectué par des volontaires débordés, dans la limite de leur temps +libre, et beaucoup reste à faire. Si vous pouvez nous aider, n'hésitez pas +à vous proposer ! + +Corrections, suggestions et propositions d'aide doivent +être envoyées à :\hfill\null +\begin{quote} +Sebastian Rahtz \ / \ 7 Stratfield Road \ / \ Oxford OX2 7BG \ / \ UK \\ +\email{tex-live@tug.org} \\ +\url{http://tug.org/texlive} +\end{quote} + +\medskip +\noindent \textsl{Bon travail avec \TeX{} !} + +\end{document} + +%%% Local Variables: +%%% mode: latex +%%% mode: flyspell +%%% ispell-local-dictionary: "francais" +%%% TeX-master: t +%%% coding: latin-1 +%%% End: diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/live4ht.cfg b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/live4ht.cfg new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4da18b3c746 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/live4ht.cfg @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +% tex4ht configuration file for the TeX Live documentation. +% Accumulated over many years. Public domain. +% +% html specifies the main output format. +% info for extra debugging info in the log files. + +% better approach is to have html in one piece (including footnotes). +% charset=utf-8 fails for French, all accented letters get lost. +\Preamble{html,info,fn-in} + +% add extra stylesheet +\Configure{@HEAD}{\HCode{% +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="\jobname.css" />\Hnewline +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="tex-live.css" />\Hnewline +}} + +% or LaTeX complains it is missing. +\begin{document} + +\EndPreamble + +% simplify output for HTML. We leave TeX and LaTeX alone, since tex4ht +% actually does the lowered E (and raised A) in CSS. +\def\OMEGA{Omega} +\def\LaTeXe{LaTeX2e} +\def\eTeX{e-\TeX} +\def\acro#1{#1} +\def\MF{Metafont} +\def\BibTeX{BibTeX} +\def\warningbox{} +\def\endwarningbox{} + +\newif\ifhackliterals +\ifx\tldocenglish\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocrussian\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocgerman\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +% +\ifhackliterals + % these definitions cause "missing } inserted" at \end{tabularx} in + % French and Czech. don't know why. + % + % don't make these into links, as happens with \path. We only have a couple + % special characters that actually occur. + \def\dirname{\texttt\bgroup\catcode`\$=12 \catcode`\_=12 \finishliteral} + \def\finishliteral#1{#1\egroup} + \let\filename=\dirname +\fi diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/tex-live.css b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/tex-live.css new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5062bc0d229 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/tex-live.css @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +/* $Id$ + Simple CSS for TeX Live that adds margins and a little color. + original by Bzyl Wlodzimierz, edited by Karl Berry, 2005. + Public domain. */ + +html { + // top left bottom right + margin: 15pt 15pt 15pt 15pt; + background: rgb(255,255,224); +} + +body { + margin: 0 5pt 0 5pt; + padding: 0; + //matw: background: rgb(224,255,224); + // (It looks better to me to have a consistent background --karl) +// fonts in browser are low resolution; +// therefore generated serif are poor quality, +// so they disturb reading (that is my opinion) + font-family: sans-serif; + font-style: normal; +} + +/* (It looks better to me to not vary colors at every level --karl) */ + +h3.sectionHead { + padding: 12pt 10pt 12pt 20pt; + //matw: background: rgb(192,224,255); + background: rgb(224,224,255); + color: rgb(0,0,32); +} + +h4.subsectionHead { + padding: 7pt 10pt 7pt 40pt; + background: rgb(224,224,255); + color: rgb(0,0,32); +} + +h5.subsubsectionHead { + padding: 3pt 10pt 3pt 40pt; + //matw: background: rgb(224,255,255); + background: rgb(224,224,255); + color: rgb(0,0,32); +} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/tex-live.sty b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/tex-live.sty new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e201e6b27e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/french/texlive-fr/tex-live.sty @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +\input{../../english/texlive-en/tex-live.sty} + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex5.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex5.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..51a49fb670e --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex5.tex @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +TEXMF = {$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFMAIN} +TEXINPUTS.latex = .;$TEXMF/tex/{latex,generic;}// +TEXINPUTS.fontinst = .;$TEXMF/tex//;$TEXMF/fonts/afm// +% e-TeX related files +TEXINPUTS.elatex = .;$TEXMF/{etex,tex}/{latex,generic;}// +TEXINPUTS.etex = .;$TEXMF/{etex,tex}/{eplain,plain,generic;}// diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7a56896e61c --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6.tex @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +\begin{figure*}[tp] +\centering +\begin{BVerbatim}[fontsize=\small] +debug:start search(file=texmf.cnf, must_exist=1, find_all=1, + path=.:/usr/local/bin/texlive:/usr/local/bin: + /usr/local/bin/texmf/web2c:/usr/local: + /usr/local/texmf/web2c:/.:/./teTeX/TeX/texmf/web2c:). +kdebug:start search(file=ls-R, must_exist=1, find_all=1, + path=~/tex:/usr/local/texmf). +kdebug:search(ls-R) =>/usr/local/texmf/ls-R +kdebug:start search(file=aliases, must_exist=1, find_all=1, + path=~/tex:/usr/local/texmf). +kdebug:search(aliases) => /usr/local/texmf/aliases +kdebug:start search(file=config.ps, must_exist=0, find_all=0, + path=.:~/tex:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//). +kdebug:search(config.ps) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/config/config.ps +kdebug:start search(file=/root/.dvipsrc, must_exist=0, find_all=0, + path=.:~/tex:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//). +search(file=/home/goossens/.dvipsrc, must_exist=1, find_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//). +kdebug:search($HOME/.dvipsrc) => +kdebug:start search(file=config.cms, must_exist=0, find_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//). +kdebug:search(config.cms) +=>/usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms +\end{BVerbatim} +\caption{Finding configuration files}\label{fig:dvipsdbga} + +\bigskip + +\begin{BVerbatim}[fontsize=\small] +kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(texc.pro) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro +\end{BVerbatim} +\caption{Finding the prolog file}\label{fig:dvipsdbgb} + +\bigskip + +\begin{BVerbatim}[fontsize=\small] +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm, must\_exist=1, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//: + /var/tex/fonts/tfm//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm +kdebug:start search(file=texps.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + ... +<texps.pro> +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.pfb, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb +<cmr10.pfb>[1] +\end{BVerbatim} +\caption{Finding the font file}\label{fig:dvipsdbgc} +\end{figure*} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6a.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6a.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bbc9f5b42a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6a.tex @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +\begin{BVerbatim}[fontsize=\small] +debug:start search(file=texmf.cnf, must_exist=1, find_all=1, + path=.:/usr/local/bin/texlive:/usr/local/bin: + /usr/local/bin/texmf/web2c:/usr/local: + /usr/local/texmf/web2c:/.:/./teTeX/TeX/texmf/web2c:). +kdebug:start search(file=ls-R, must_exist=1, find_all=1, + path=~/tex:/usr/local/texmf). +kdebug:search(ls-R) =>/usr/local/texmf/ls-R +kdebug:start search(file=aliases, must_exist=1, find_all=1, + path=~/tex:/usr/local/texmf). +kdebug:search(aliases) => /usr/local/texmf/aliases +kdebug:start search(file=config.ps, must_exist=0, find_all=0, + path=.:~/tex:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//). +kdebug:search(config.ps) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/config/config.ps +kdebug:start search(file=/root/.dvipsrc, must_exist=0, find_all=0, + path=.:~/tex:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//). +search(file=/home/goossens/.dvipsrc, must_exist=1, find_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//). +kdebug:search($HOME/.dvipsrc) => +kdebug:start search(file=config.cms, must_exist=0, find_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//). +kdebug:search(config.cms) +=>/usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms +\end{BVerbatim}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6b.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6b.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5a5a92f1f22 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6b.tex @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +\begin{BVerbatim}[fontsize=\small] +kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(texc.pro) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro +\end{BVerbatim}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6c.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6c.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5daaeaa184b --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/general/texlive-common/examples/ex6c.tex @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +\begin{BVerbatim}[fontsize=\small] +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm, must\_exist=1, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//: + /var/tex/fonts/tfm//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm +kdebug:start search(file=texps.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + ... +<texps.pro> +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.pfb, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb +<cmr10.pfb>[1] +\end{BVerbatim}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/Makefile b/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b86298fa30d --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include ../../english/texlive-en/Makefile diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/cmsy10-40.png b/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/cmsy10-40.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 00000000000..55c7772320b --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/cmsy10-40.png diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/live.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/live.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..da122f2f0c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/live.tex @@ -0,0 +1,3844 @@ +% distribution source: http://www.tug.org/ftp/texlive/Contents/testlive/ ...etc. +% documentation source: http://tug.org/texlive/devsrc/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/ +% $Id: //depot/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/live.tex#16 $ $Author: karl $ $Date: 2004/11/15 $ +% TeX Live documentation. Originally written by Sebastian Rahtz and +% Michel Goossens, now maintained by Karl Berry and others. +% Public domain. +% German translation by Günter Partosch (7.11--22.11.2004) +% 2005 update by Klaus Hoeppner. + +\documentclass[a4paper,twoside,10pt]{article} +\ifnum\Status=1 + % Create A4 pdf + \pdfpageheight297mm + \pdfpagewidth210mm +\fi +\let\tldocgerman=1 % for live4ht.cfg +\usepackage{ngerman} +\usepackage{booktabs} +\usepackage[ngerman]{varioref} +\usepackage{parskip} +%\usepackage{tex4ht} +%\usepackage{hyperref} +\hyphenation{Da-tei-na-men Be-din-gun-gen UNIX Ab-schnitt Kon-fi-gu-ra-tions-da-tei +In-stal-la-tion Al-ter-na-tiv Zei-chen-zu-ord-nungs-da-tei einer eine TEXFONTMAPS} + +\usepackage{tex-live} + +%% perhaps a workaround: (no, it causes all the links to break; cannot +%% use \path here). +%\def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{\path{#1}}} + +\newcommand\OptPl{{\ensuremath\rightarrow\ }} +\newcommand\Titlename[1]{{\textsf{#1}}} + +\setlength\marginparwidth{0pt} +\setlength\marginparsep{0pt} +\setlength\evensidemargin{15pt} +\setlength\oddsidemargin{15pt} + +% deutsche typographische Anpassung + % Trennung von tt-Font + \newcommand{\origttfamily}{}% sollte noch nicht definiert sein! + \let\origttfamily=\ttfamily % alte Definition von \ttfamily sichern + \renewcommand{\ttfamily}{\origttfamily \hyphenchar\font=`\-} + + \renewcommand{\samp}[1]{">\mbox{\texttt{#1}}"<} + \renewcommand{\optname}[1]{\mbox{\texttt{#1}}} + \renewcommand{\TypeI}{Type"~1} + \renewcommand{\var}[1]{{\rmfamily\sl #1}} + \renewcommand{\MP}{\textrm{META""POST}} +% \renewcommand{\cmdname}[1]{\textsf{\sc #1}} + \renewcommand{\dirname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% directory name + \renewcommand{\filename}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% file name + \renewcommand{\KPS}{\cmdname{Kpathsea}} + \renewcommand{\TL}{{{\TeX}\,Live}} + \renewcommand{\MacOSX}{Mac\,\acro{OS\,X}\xspace} + + \newcommand{\ttit}[1]{\texttt{\itshape#1}} + \newcommand{\CDROM}{\acro{CD"~ROM}\xspace} + \newcommand{\pdfTeX}{pdf\TeX\xspace} + \newcommand{\pdfLaTeX}{pdf\LaTeX\xspace} + \newcommand{\plainTeX}{\textrm{plain}\TeX\xspace} + \newcommand{\CDVD}{\acro{DVD} und \acro{CD"~ROM}\xspace} + \newcommand{\pdf}{\acro{PDF}\xspace} + \newcommand{\TUG}{\TeX~Users~Group} + \newcommand{\DTK}{">Die \TeX nische Komödie"<} + \newcommand{\UKTUG}{\acro{UK}{\TeX} Users~Group} + \newcommand{\ME}{Windows\,\acro{ME}\xspace} + \newcommand{\NT}{Windows\,\acro{NT}\xspace} + \newcommand{\XP}{Windows\,\acro{XP}\xspace} + +\newcommand{\deflabel}[1]{\mdseries\cmdname{#1}\hfill} +\newenvironment{deflist}[1]% +{\begin{list}{}% +{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{\bf #1}% +\setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}% +\addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}% +\renewcommand{\makelabel}{\deflabel}}}% +{\end{list}} + +%--------------------------------------------------------- +% Fussnoten +%--------------------------------------------------------- +\makeatletter +\renewcommand{\@makefntext}[1]{% +% formatiert die Fussnoten als haengende Absaetze +\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}% +\begin{list}{}{% +\setlength{\labelwidth}{1.0em}% +\setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}% +\setlength{\labelsep}{3pt}% +\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}% +\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}% +\setlength{\topsep}{0pt}% +\footnotesize}\item[\hfill\@makefnmark\hfill]#1% +\end{list}% +} +\makeatother + +%--------------------------------------------------------- +% Aufbereitungsvarianten +%--------------------------------------------------------- +%\renewcommand{\Status}{1} +% \Status = 0: TeX Live documentation in DVI format +% \Status = 1: TeX Live documentation in PDF format +% \Status = 2: TeX Live documentation in HTML format +% \Status = 3: TeX Live documentation as a Baskerville issue +% \Status = 4: TeX Live documentation as a TUB article + +\listfiles + +\begin{document} + +\title{% + {\huge \textit{Anleitung zum \protect\TL-System}\\\strut} + {\LARGE \textsf{\TK{} 2005}} +} + +\author{Sebastian Rahtz \& Karl Berry (Herausgeber) \\[3mm] + \url{http://tug.org/texlive/}\\[12mm] +\ifnum \Status=1 + %\includegraphics[width=.7\hsize]{texlive2004-front.pdf} \\[5mm] +\else\ifnum \Status=2 + %\includegraphics[width=.7\hsize]{texlive2004-front.png} \\[5mm] +\fi\fi + \small{\textit{Verantwortlich für die deutsche Ausgabe}}\\[3mm] + \small{Klaus Höppner, \email{klaus@dante.de}} \\ + \small{(DANTE e.V.)} \\[3mm] +% \small{\textit{Ansprechpartner für die Ausgaben in}}\\[3mm] + \small +% \begin{tabular}{lll} +%Englisch & Karl Berry & \email{karl@freefriends.org} \\ %% +%Französisch & Daniel~Flipo \& +% Fabrice Popineau & \email{Daniel.Flipo@univ-lille1.fr} \\ +% & & \& \email{Fabrice.Popineau@supelec.fr} \\ +%Polnisch & Staszek Wawrykiewicz & \email{staw@gust.org.pl} \\ +%Tschechisch & Petr Sojka & \email{sojka@informatics.muni.cz} \\ +%Slowakisch & Jan~Busa & \email{Jan.Busa@tuke.sk} \\ +%Russisch & Boris Veytsman & \email{borisv@lk.net} \\ %% +%Deutsch & Günter Partosch +% \& Hartmut Henkel & \email{Guenter.Partosch@hrz.uni-giessen.de} \\ +% & & \& \email{hartmut_henkel@gmx.de}\\ +% \end{tabular} \\[8mm] + } + + +\date{Oktober 2005} + +\maketitle +\thispagestyle{empty} + +\newpage + +\begin{multicols}{2} + \tableofcontents + \listoffigures + \listoftables +\end{multicols} + +%\renewcommand{\Status}{0} +%\typeout{Status is \Status} + +\clearpage + +% ============================================================== +\section{Einleitung}\label{sec:intro} + +Diese Anleitung beschreibt das \TL-System. Die {\TL} enthält +\TeX/\LaTeX-Systeme für Linux, verschiedene \acro{UNIX}-Plattformen, {\MacOSX} +und (32-Bit)-Windows. \textbf{Warnung:} Für ältere Macintosh-Systeme und \acro{MS-DOS} sind diese +\TeX-Systeme wenig hilfreich. + +{\TL} enthält lauf"|fähige Versionen von \TeX, \LaTeXe, \ConTeXt, \MF, \MP, +\cmdname{Makeindex}, {\BibTeX} und vielen anderen Programmen, +sowie eine umfassende Auswahl an Makros, Zeichensätzen und +Beschreibungen, die gemäß der Standard"=\TeX"=Verzeichnisstruktur (\TDS) +abgelegt sind. {\TL} eignet sich somit zur Nutzung +mit nahezu jeder \TeX"=Installation und erlaubt das Setzen von Schriften +und Texten vieler Sprachen. Es ist Teil der \TK, die in Zusammenarbeit mit den verschiedenen \TeX-Benutzergruppen +entstanden ist und kurz im Abschnitt~\ref{sec:struct-tl} auf Seite~\pageref{sec:struct-tl} beschrieben wird. + +Wenn Sie neuere Versionen der dort aufgeführten Pakete zu suchen wollen, gehen Sie am besten zu \acro{CTAN}: +\url{http://www.ctan.org/}. + +Eine kurze Zusammenfassung der wesentlichen Änderungen der aktuellen \TL-Version +gegenüber der Vorgängerversion finden Sie im Abschnitt~\ref{sec:history} auf +Seite~\pageref{sec:history}. + +%Da diese {\TK} auf einem Medium (\DVD) {\TL} und {\CTAN} +%miteinander verbindet, gibt es im Abschnitt~\ref{sec:ctan} auf Seite~\pageref{sec:ctan} +%einige zusätzliche Informationen über den +%\CTAN-Teil. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Einsatzmöglichkeiten des \TL-Systems der \TK}\label{sec:basic} + +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ +\newcommand{\distribs}{% +% will be used repeatedly +(siehe hierzu Kapitel~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} auf +Seite~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist} über die verschiedenen +Distributionen)} +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +Sie können das \TL-System auf drei verschiedene Arten nutzen: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Sie können auf Kosten der Ausführungsgeschwindigkeit alle + zu {\TeX} gehörenden Programme direkt von der \pkgname{live}-{\DVD} + starten und auf alle Makros und Zeichensätze zugreifen + \distribs. Dieses Vorgehen benötigt kaum Plattenplatz -- der Geschwindigkeitsverlust kann akzeptiert werden. +\item Sie können das \TL-System komplett (oder Teile davon) auf + einer lokalen Platte installieren. Dies ist sicherlich der Normalfall, + erfordert aber mindestens 100\,MB Plattenplatz. Für das empfohlene + Standardsystem benötigen Sie 310\,MB und für eine Komplettinstallation + bis zu 1,3\,GB an Plattenspeicherplatz. +\item Sie haben die Möglichkeit, Ihr bestehendes \TeX-System durch + Pakete oder Sammlungen von der {\CDVD} zu ergänzen. Dabei ist es + gleichgültig, welches \TeX-System Sie benutzen. +\end{enumerate} + +Alles das wird bei den betreffenden Installationsanleitungen für jedes Betriebssystem +ausführlich erläutert. Hier das Notwendigste: + +\begin{itemize*} +\item Das Hauptinstallationsskript für \acro{UNIX} und {\MacOSX} ist \cmdname{install-tl.sh}. +\item Um ein einzelnes Paket unter \acro{UNIX} zu installieren, benutzen Sie das Skript \cmdname{install-pkg.sh}. +\item Das Windows-Installationsprogramm mit dem Namen \cmdname{tlpmgui.exe} +befindet sich im Verzeichnis \dirname{setup-win32} (siehe dazu Abschnitt~\ref{sec:win-install}). +Mit diesem Programm können Sie auch nachträglich Pakete hinzufügen oder entfernen. +\end{itemize*} + + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{">Wo bekomme ich Hilfe?"< oder ">Hier werden Sie geholfen!"<}\label{sec:help} + +Die \TeX-Gemeinschaft ist ebenso aktiv wie hilfsbereit, und es wird +praktisch jede ernst gemeinte Frage beantwortet. Diese Hilfe ist allerdings +nicht formal organisiert, sondern wird von Freiwilligen in ihrer +Freizeit geleistet. Es ist daher ernst gemeint, dass Sie vor einer +Fragestellung Ihre ">Hausaufgaben"< gemacht haben. Falls Sie auf +eine garantierte kommerzielle Unterstützung angewiesen sind oder eine solche +bevorzugen, sollten Sie die Finger vollständig vom \TL-System lassen und +in der Aufstellung unter \url{http://tug.org/interest.html#vendors} nach +einem geeigneten Händler suchen. + +Die folgende Liste stellt die leicht zugänglichen Quellen in der +empfohlenen Reihenfolge vor: + +\begin{description} +\item [Einführung:]\mbox{}\\ + Wenn Sie \TeX-Anfänger sind und eine englische Einführung in das System benötigen, sollten Sie das \acro{WWW}- + Dokument \url{http://tug.org/begin.html} (Englisch) lesen. + + Für deutschsprachige \LaTeX-Anfänger ist die ">\LaTeXe-Kurzbeschreibung"< von großem Nutzen + (\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/german/lshort-german/}). +\item [\TeX-\acro{FAQ}s:]\mbox{}\\ + Die \TeX-\acro{FAQ} (im Deutschen + \file{de-tex-faq} ">\emph{Fragen und Antworten [\acro{FAQ}] über + das Textsatzsystem TeX und \acro{DANTE}, Deutschsprachige + Anwendervereinigung TeX e.V.}"<) ist ein riesiges Kompendium + mit Fragen (und Antworten) aller Art, von der einfachsten + Anfängerfrage bis zu Expertenwissen. Sie ist Bestandteil + des \TL-Systems (\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/german/FAQ-ge/}) und umfasst zur + Zeit 182~Seiten als \pdf-Datei (\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/german/FAQ-ge/de-tex-faq.pdf}). Darüber hinaus ist die + \acro{FAQ} als \HTML-Datei (\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/german/FAQ-ge/html/index.html}) + und als durchsuchbare Textdatei + (\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/german/FAQ-ge/text/index.html}) enthalten. + Im Internet finden Sie die \acro{FAQ} unter + \url{http://www.dante.de/faq/de-tex-faq/}; zudem wird die + Text"-ver"-sion regelmäßig zur Monatsmitte in die News-Gruppen + \url{news:de.comp.text.tex}, \url{news:de.answers} und \url{news:news.answers} + verschickt. Die \acro{FAQ} besteht aus mehreren Teilen, wobei + jeder Teil ohne News-Header nicht länger als ca. 32\,KB ist. + + Des Weiteren existiert eine englischsprachige \acro{FAQ}-Sammlung + (\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en/}), die auch im Internet verfügbar ist + (\url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq}). + + Bitte nutzen Sie bei Problemen zu allererst diese beiden Möglichkeiten. + +\item [\TeX-Catalogue:]\mbox{}\\ + Wenn Sie auf der Suche nach einem bestimmten Paket, + Font, Programm u.\,ä. sind, empfiehlt sich ein Blick in den + \TeX-Catalogue. Dieser Katalog enthält eine Liste aller verfügbaren + \TeX-spezifischen Dinge (siehe \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/catalogue} oder + \url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue/}). + +\item [\TeX-\acro{WWW}-Ressourcen:]\mbox{}\\ + Im \acro{WWW}-Dokument \url{http://tug.org/interest.html} finden Sie eine große Anzahl \TeX-spezifischer + Links zu Büchern, Manuals und Artikeln zu allen Aspekten des \TeX-Systems. + +\item [Archive:]\mbox{}\\ + Ein Forum für die Hilfestellung sind die Usenet-News-Gruppen + \url{news:de.comp.text.tex} (Deutsch), \url{news:comp.text.tex} (Englisch) + und die Mailing-Liste \email{texhax@tug.org}. In deren Archiven finden + sich die Fragen und Antworten vieler Jahre. Ihre Suche können Sie in Google + beispielsweise mit \url{http://groups.google.de/groups?group=de.comp.text.tex} + starten -- oder auch in \url{http://tug.org/mail-archives/texhax/}. + + Im Allgemeinen ist es recht Erfolg versprechend, eine generelle Suche über Google + \url{http://www.google.de/} durchzuführen (entweder im \emph{WWW} allgemein + oder in den \emph{News-Gruppen}); dies insbesondere, wenn es sich um Fragen über + \PS/{\pdf}, \cmdname{Ghostscript} u.\,ä. handelt. + +\item [Fragen stellen:]\mbox{}\\ + Wenn Sie mit den oben aufgezeigten Möglichkeiten immer noch keine + Antwort auf Ihre Frage gefunden haben, können Sie die Frage auch in einer + News-Gruppe stellen (neudeutsch: \emph{posten}). Hier bietet sich für + den deutschsprachigen Raum die News-Gruppe \url{news:de.comp.text.tex} an. + Benutzen Sie am besten für Anfragen Google + (\url{http://groups.google.de/groups?group=de.comp.text.tex}) + oder einen Newsreader. Fragen an die englischsprachige Gruppe + \url{news:comp.text.tex} + (bei Google: \url{http://groups.google.de/groups?group=comp.text.tex}) + sollten Sie bitte nur in Englisch stellen. + + Zusätzlich existieren E-Mail-Diskussionslisten, wobei hier die deutschsprachige Liste + \email{TeX-D-L@listserv.dfn.de} zu nennen ist (das englischsprachige Äquivalent + ist \email{texhax@tug.org}). Darüber hinaus bietet sich für Mitglieder + von \acro{DANTE}~e.V. der Beraterkreis an (\email{beraterkreis@dante.de}). + Wie Sie sich in die E-Mail-Liste \dirname{TeX-D-L} eintragen können, + finden Sie in der \acro{FAQ} unter ">\texttt{1.3.2 Was ist TeX-D-L?}"<. + + Bevor Sie aber eine Frage absenden, lesen Sie \emph{bitte} die entsprechenden + Einträge der \acro{FAQ} zum Thema ">\emph{Wie stelle ich eine Frage in einer + Newsgroup, damit ich mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit eine Antwort bekomme?}"<. So + z.\,B. ">\texttt{1.3.1 Was ist `de.comp.text.tex'?}"< und ">\texttt{1.3.7 Was + sollte ich gelesen haben, bevor ich eine Frage in `de.comp.text.tex' oder der + Diskussionsliste TeX-D-L stelle?}"< oder auch + \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=askquestion}. + +\item [Mithilfe:]\mbox{}\\ + Wenn Sie einen Fehler melden wollen oder Empfehlungen und Kommentare + zur \TL-Verteilung, -Installation oder -Dokumentation geben möchten, sollten Sie die + E-Mail-Liste \email{tex-live@tug.org} nutzen. + Korrekturen, Anmerkungen und Erweiterungen für die deutsche Übersetzung können Sie auch + an \email{cdrom@dante.de} oder schriftlich an die Geschäftsstelle von + \acro{DANTE}~e.V. senden. + + Fragen zu Programmen, die Sie in der {\TK} finden, sollten Sie besser auf + einer der oben genannten Mailing-Listen stellen oder direkt an den Programmautor + richten. +\end{description} + +Auf der anderen Seite können auch Sie mit Ihrem Wissen helfen. Die News-Gruppen +\url{news:de.comp.text.tex} (in Deutsch), \url{news:comp.text.tex} (in Englisch) und +die Mailing-Liste \email{TeX-D-L@listserv.dfn.de} (Deutsch) und \email{texhax@tug.org} (Englisch) +stehen allen offen. Wenn Sie also dort mitlesen, scheuen Sie sich nicht, Fragen, +zu denen Sie eine Antwort wissen, zu beantworten und damit anderen zu helfen. + +% ============================================================== +\section[Struktur des \protect\TeX Live-Systems]{Struktur des \TL-Systems}\label{sec:struct-tl} +% don't use \TL so the \uppercase in the headline works. Also so +% tex4ht ends up with the right TeX. Likewise the \protect's. + +In diesem Abschnitt beschreiben wir Struktur und Inhalt des \TL-Systems und der übergeordneten \TK. + + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection[Die Distributionen \protect\pkgname{live}, \protect\pkgname{inst}, \protect\pkgname{protext}]% +{Die Distributionen \pkgname{live}, \pkgname{inst}, \pkgname{protext}}\label{sec:multiple-dist} + +Das Material des \TL-Systems war von Jahr zu Jahr angewachsen und hatte +den Rahmen, der durch die Größe einer {\CDROM} vorgegeben war, gesprengt. Um nicht wieder eine +willkürliche Auswahl unter den unzähligen Paketen, Zeichensätzen und Hilfsprogrammen +treffen zu müssen, wurde schon 2003 der Entschluss gefasst, die {\TK} in +unterschiedliche Distributionen zu zerlegen. Im Einzelnen: + +\begin{deflist}{\pkgname{protext}} +\item [\pkgname{live}] + ist ein vollständiges System auf einer {\DVD}. + Mit mehr als 1,1\,GB ist es zu groß für eine \CDROM. + Es kann auf Festplatte installiert oder direkt von der {\DVD} gestartet werden. + Zusätzlich enthält die {\DVD} unabhängig vom \TL-System die + Mac\TeX-Distribution für \MacOSX, \pkgname{pro\TeX t} -- eine + alternative \TeX-Distribution für MS Windows, die auf \MIKTEX + basiert -- und ein fast vollständiges Abbild des \CTAN-Archivs + (Stand: Oktober~2005) und eine Sammlung verschiedener Pakete in + einem \dirname{texmf-extra}-Verzeichnis. + + Wenn Sie die {\DVD} unter Windows ">mounten"<, bietet Ihnen das Setup-Programm an, \pkgname{protext} zu + starten (siehe unten). Es berücksichtigt dabei auch {\CTAN} und {\TL}, die sich in Unterverzeichnissen der + obersten Stufe auf der {\DVD} befinden. + + Für {\CTAN} und den Verzeichnisbaum \dirname{texmf-extra} gelten andere Weitergabe-Bedingungen als für \TL. + Achten Sie bitte darauf, wenn Sie diese (oder Teile) weitergeben oder modifizieren. + +\item [\pkgname{inst}] + (installable) ist ein Komplettsystem auf \CDROM. Um dies zu ermöglichen, wurden alle Dateien auf dieser {\CDROM} + komprimiert. Daher kann man {\TeX} auch nicht direkt von der \pkgname{inst}-{\CDROM} laufen lassen, sondern muss + es auf der Festplatte \textbf{inst}allieren. + Die Installation entspricht dem Vorgehen bei der Installation von der \pkgname{live}-\acro{DVD} auf der Festplatte und wird in späteren Abschnitten beschrieben. + +\item [\pkgname{protext}] + {\ProTeXt} ist eine Erweiterung der \MIKTEX-Distribution für Windows. Es ergänzt {\MIKTEX} durch + einige Tools (u.\,a. \cmdname{WinEdt}, \cmdname{TeXnicCenter}, \cmdname{Ghostscript}/\cmdname{GSView}), ist + völlig unabhängig vom \TL-System und hat eine eigene + Installation. {\ProTeXt} kann auf Festplatte installiert oder direkt gestartet werden. Informationen + zu {\ProTeXt} finden Sie im \acro{WWW} übrigens unter \url{http://tug.org/protext/}. + + {\ProTeXt} wird sowohl auf der \pkgname{live}-{\DVD} als auch auf einer eigenen {\CDROM} angeboten (für + diejenigen, die die {\DVD} nicht benutzen können). +\end{deflist} + +Welche der drei Distributionen Sie geladen haben, zeigt ihnen die Datei +">\file{00\var{typ}.TL}"< im Wurzelverzeichnis des Verteilungsmediums. Für die +\pkgname{inst}-Version der Distribution finden Sie die Datei mit dem +Namen ">\file{00INST.TL}"<. Die Datei enthält das Release-Datum und +beschreibt den möglichen Einsatz der Distribution und ihre Einschränkungen: + +\begin{small} +\begin{alltt} + This is the TeX Live `inst' distribution. You can *not* run programs + directly from it, you must install it to disk. It includes all packages. +\end{alltt} +\end{small} + +% soll ich das Folgende einfügen: ?? +% vielleicht wie folgt ?? +% Naturally, each user group chooses what to distribute, at its own +% discretion. (\acro{TUG} is sending all three discs above to all of its +% members.) +Alle \acro{DANTE}-Mitglieder erhalten die \TL-{\DVD} als Beilage zur Vereinszeitschrift \DTK. Für all diejenigen, die +nichts mit der {\DVD} anfangen können, ist auf Anfrage auch eine \TL-{\CDROM} erhältlich. Zusätzlich gibt es auch +eine \ProTeXt-\CDROM. Wenden Sie sich bitte an das Büro von \acro{DANTE}, Deutschsprachige Anwendervereinigung TeX e.V., +wenn Sie Interesse an einer der beiden {\CDROM}s haben. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Basisverzeichnisse}\label{sec:tld} + +In diesem Abschnitt beschreiben wir die Basisverzeichnisse der \TL-Distribution. + +Auf der \pkgname{live}-\DVD befindet sich die gesamte \TL-Hierarchie im Unterverzeichnis \dirname{texlive} -- nicht +im Wurzelverzeichnis der \DVD. + +\smallskip + +%% \begin{longtable}{@{}>{\ttfamily}lp{.63\hsize}@{}} +%% \hline +%% \rm +%% Verzeichnis & Inhalt \\ +%% \hline +%% \endfirsthead +%% \rm +%% Verzeichnis & Inhalt \\ +%% \hline +%% \endhead +%% \hline +%% \endfoot +\begin{tabular}{@{}>{\ttfamily}lp{.85\linewidth}@{}} +bin & ausführbare Programme des \TeX-Systems; + jeweils für die verschiedenen Rechnerplattformen + in Unterverzeichnissen zusammengefasst \\ +source & Quelldateien aller Programme inklusive der + \Webc-Quellen für die \TeX- und \MF-Pakete als + komprimierte \file{bzip2}"=Archive \\ +support & verschiedene Programme und Hilfspakete, die \emph{nicht} automatisch + mitinstalliert werden, wie z.\,B. Editoren und \TeX-Shells\\ +texmf & Verzeichnisbaum für Programme und zugehörigen Hilfsdateien und Anleitungen; enthält keine \TeX-Formate + und Pakete (siehe \texttt{TEXMFMAIN} im nächsten Abschnitt) \\ +texmf-dist & Hauptbaum mit Formaten und Paketen (siehe \texttt{TEXMFDIST} im nächsten Abschnitt)\\ +texmf-doc & Verzeichnisbaum mit vollständigen Dokumentationen (ohne andere installierte Dateien); sortiert nach + Sprachen \\ +texmf-var & Verzeichnisbaum für automatisch erzeugte und gespeicherte Dateien + für \TeX, {\MF} und andere (siehe \texttt{TEXMFSYSVAR} im nächsten Abschnitt),\\ +xemtex & Verzeichnis mit nützlichen Programmen für Windows aus dem \XEmTeX-Paket + (Alle diese Programme sind auf \acro{UNIX}-Systemen in + der Regel vorinstalliert oder lassen sich zumindest + leicht kompilieren.) \\ +%%\end{longtable} +\end{tabular} + +\smallskip + +Zusätzlich zu den oben aufgeführten Verzeichnissen finden Sie im Wurzelverzeichnis der Distribution auch noch die +Installationsskripte und die \filename{README}-Dateien in verschiedenen Sprachen. + +Das Verzeichnis \OnCD{texmf-doc} enthält zwar nur Anleitungen, bei weitem aber nicht die gesamte Dokumentation: +Die Dokumentation für Programme (Handbücher, ">man~pages"<, \acro{GNU}-\acro{info}-Dateien) beispielsweise finden Sie +im Verzeichnis \OnCD{texmf/doc}, da die Programme selbst sich im Verzeichnis \OnCD{texmf} befinden. Ähnliches +gilt für die Dokumentation der \TeX-Pakete und -Formate im Verzeichnis \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc}. + +Benutzen Sie die Programme \cmdname{texdoc} oder \cmdname{texdoctk}, wenn Sie auf der Suche nach irgendeiner +Dokumentationsdatei sind. Hilfreich in diesem Zusammenhang könnte auch die Link-Sammlung \filename{doc.html} im +Wurzelverzeichnis sein. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Überblick über die vordefinierten texmf-Bäume} +\label{sec:texmftrees} + +Dieser Abschnitt listet alle vordefinierten texmf-Bäume, die vom System benutzt +werden, und deren Bedeutung auf. Das Kommando \cmdname{texconfig conf} +zeigt Ihnen die aktuellen Einstellungen dieser Variablen an. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXMFMAIN] In diesem Baum befinden sich wichtige Teile des Systems, + Hilfsprogramme (wie \verb+web2c/mktexdir+), pool-Dateien und andere + Hilfsdateien. +\item [TEXMFDIST] In diesem Baum befinden sich die wesentlichen Makro-Pakete, + Fonts usw. Dieser Baum enthält systemunabhängige Daten, die prinzipiell + von jedem TDS-kompatiblem \TeX-System nutzbar sein sollten. +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] Dieser Baum ist für Ergänzungen oder Aktualisierungen + von Makros, Fonts etc. gedacht, die Administratoren für alle Nutzer + installieren. +\item [TEXMFHOME] In diesem Baum können einzelne Nutzer Ergänzungen oder + Aktualisierungen von Makros, Fonts etc. ablegen. Standardmäßig befindet + sich dieser Baum unterhalb von \verb+$HOME+, so dass andere Nutzer von + Änderungen hier nicht beeinflusst werden. +\item [TEXMFCONFIG] Dieser Baum wird von den Hilfsprogrammen von te\TeX{} + wie \verb+texconfig+, \verb+updmap+ und \verb+fmtutil+ verwendet. + Standardmäßig befindet sich dieser Baum unterhalb von \verb+$HOME+, + so dass andere Nutzer von Änderungen hier nicht beeinflusst werden. +\item [TEXMFSYSCONFIG] Dieser Baum wird von den Hilfsprogrammen von te\TeX{} + wie \verb+texconfig-sys+, \verb+updmap-sys+ und \verb+fmtutil-sys+ + verwendet, so dass hier das Verhalten des \TL-Systems für alle Nutzer + beeinflusst werden kann. +\item [TEXMFVAR] Dieser Baum wird von Hilfsprogrammen wie \verb+texconfig+, + \verb+updmap+ und \verb+fmtutil+ benutzt, um automatisch generierte + Konfigurations-Dateien abzulegen. +\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] Dieser Baum wird von den systemweiten Hilfsprogrammen + wie \verb+texconfig-sys+, \verb+updmap-sys+ und \verb+fmtutil-sys+ + verwendet, um automatisch generierte Konfigurations-Dateien abzulegen. +\end{ttdescription} + +Für näherere Hinweise zu \texttt{texconfig} und zu den davon abhängigen +Hilfsprogrammen siehe Abschnitt~\ref{sec:texconfig} auf Seite~\pageref{sec:texconfig}. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{\protect\TeX-Erweiterungen}\label{sec:tex-extensions} + +Unter den \TeX-Systemen der {\TL} befinden sich verschiedene +\TeX"=Erweiterungen: + +\begin{deflist}{pdfe\TeX} +\item [\eTeX]\label{text:etex} stellt bei 100\%-iger Kompatibilität zum + normalen {\TeX} einen kleinen, aber mächtigen Satz neuer Befehle + bereit (für Makroexpansion, Character-Scanning, zusätzliche + Klassen für ">marks"<, erweiterte Debug-Möglichkeiten und andere). + Zusätzlich gibt es noch die \TeXXeT-Erweiterungen für den bidirektionalen Textsatz, + wie er beispielsweise im Arabischen gebraucht wird. + Im voreingestellten Modus ist {\eTeX} 100\%-ig kompatibel mit dem ">normalen"< \TeX. + Die Dokumentation zu {\eTeX} finden Sie in der Datei + \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/etex_man.pdf}. +\item [\pdfTeX] erzeugt optional \pdf-Dateien (Acrobat) anstelle + von {\dvi}-Dateien. Die Dokumentation zu \pdfTeX{} finden Sie unter \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/pdftex-a.pdf}. + In der Datei + \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/samplepdf/samplepdf.tex} finden + Sie ein Anwendungsbeispiel. Das \LaTeX"=Paket \pkgname{hyperref} + besitzt die Option \optname{pdftex}, mit der Möglichkeiten + für aktive Querverweise von {\pdf} (Hypertext) zur + Verfügung gestellt werden. +\item [pdfe\TeX] kombiniert die \pdfTeX- und \eTeX-Erweiterungen. Es ist die voreingestellte ">Engine"< + für alle Formate außer \plainTeX. Näheres finden Sie in der Dokumentation. +\item [\OMEGA] (Omega) ist ein \TeX-System, das intern mit Unicode + (16-Bit"=Unicode"=Zeichen) arbeitet und damit das gleichzeitige + Arbeiten mit nahezu allen auf der Welt eingesetzten Schriften + und deren Zeichenkodierungen erlaubt. Außerdem werden über dynamisch + geladene, sogenannte ">{\OMEGA}~Translation~Processes"< (\acro{OTP}s), + Transformationen zur Verfügung gestellt, die beliebige Eingaben + vor der Bearbeitung durch {\TeX} nach bestimmten Regeln + umformen. Die (nicht ganz aktuelle) Anleitung zu {\OMEGA} finden + Sie in dem \TL-System in der Datei \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/omega/base/doc-1.8.tex}. +\item [$\aleph$] (Aleph) vereinigt die \OMEGA- und \eTeX-Erweiterungen. + Eine Minimaldokumentation finden Sie in \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base}. +\end{deflist} + +%\clearpage + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Weitere Programme der \TL} + +{\TL} enthält eine ganze Reihe unterstützender Programme wie + +\smallskip + +\begin{deflist}{\cmdname{dv2dt, dt2dv}} +\item[\cmdname{bibtex}] Verwalten von Bibliographien +\item[\cmdname{dv2dt, dt2dv}] \file{dvi} nach ASCII und umgekehrt +\item[\cmdname{dviconcat}] Zusammenfügen von \dvi-Dateien +\item[\cmdname{dvips}] Konversion von {\dvi} in {\PS} +\item[\cmdname{dviselect}] Ausschneiden von Seiten aus \dvi-Dateien +\item[\cmdname{dvipdfmx}] \dvi-nach-\pdf-Konverter (erzeugt auch + \acro{CJK}-konformes {\pdf} aus + \dvi-Dateien mit \OMEGA"=Erweiterungen), als Alternative + zu \pdfTeX. +\item[\cmdname{dvilj}] Druckertreiber für die HP-LaserJet"=Familie +\item[\cmdname{lacheck}] \LaTeX-Syntax-Überprüfung +\item[\cmdname{makeindex}] Erzeugen eines Stichwortverzeichnisses +\item[\cmdname{mpost}] \MF-ähnliches Grafikprogramm +\item[\cmdname{psnup}] mehrere logische \PS-Seiten auf einem Blatt platzieren +\item[\cmdname{psselect}] Ausschneiden von Seiten aus \PS-Dateien +\item[\cmdname{tex4ht}] \TeX-nach-\HTML"=Konvertierung +\item[\cmdname{texexec}] \ConTeXt- und PDF"=Prozessor. +\item[\cmdname{xdvi}] \dvi-Bildschirmausgabe im X-Window-System +\end{deflist} + +% ============================================================== +\section{Installation und Anwendung von {\TL} unter \acro{UNIX}}\label{sec:UNIX-install} + +Wie schon in Kapitel~\ref{sec:basic} auf Seite~\pageref{sec:basic} +ausgeführt, können Sie {\TL} auf drei Arten nutzen: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Sie können das \TL-System direkt vom Verteilungsmedium laufen + lassen (gilt für die \pkgname{live}-\DVD). + +\item Sie können das Gesamtsystem oder Teile davon auf Ihrer Festplatte + installieren (gilt für die \pkgname{live}-\DVD, die \pkgname{inst}- und \pkgname{protext}-\CDROM). + +\item Sie können einzelne Pakete in Ihr bestehendes \TeX-System + integrieren, gleichgültig, ob es ein \TL-System oder ein + anderes ist (gilt für die \pkgname{live}-\DVD, die \pkgname{inst}- und \pkgname{protext}-\CDROM). +\end{enumerate} + +Die folgenden Abschnitte beschreiben für \acro{UNIX} jedes dieser drei +Verfahren ausführlich zum Nachvollziehen. Im Folgenden werden die Eingaben des +Benutzers nach dem Kommando-Prompt \samp{>} \Ucom{unterstrichen} dargestellt. + +\ifSingleColumn \begin{figure}[ht]\noindent \fi +{\centering +\begin{warningbox} +\textbf{Achtung: } Die {\CDROM}s und die {\DVD} der {\TK} wurden im Format ISO-9660 (High Sierra) +mit Rock"~Ridge- und Joliet"=Erweiterungen produziert. Damit Ihr +\acro{UNIX}-Rechner die {\TK} optimal nutzen kann, muss Ihr System diese +Erweiterungen unterstützen. Schlagen Sie in der Systemdokumentation +des Befehls \emph{mount} nach, um zu ermitteln, ob Ihr System diese +Erweiterungen unterstützt. Falls Sie die {\TK} in einem lokalen +Netzwerk einsetzen, suchen Sie sich einen Rechner aus, der die +Erweiterungen unterstützt und ">mounten"< Sie die anderen Rechner auf diesen. + +%\leavevmode\quad +\smallskip +Moderne Linux-, \acro{BSD}-, Sun- und \acro{SGI}-Systeme haben +normalerweise keine Schwierigkeiten, {\TL} zu benutzen. Wenn +Sie ein anderes System einsetzen und {\TL} erfolgreich einbinden +konnten, bitten wir Sie um detaillierte Anweisungen, um diese +Anleitung weiter verbessern zu können. + +%\leavevmode\quad +\smallskip +Der Rest der Anleitung geht davon aus, dass Sie +die {\TK} erfolgreich unter Verwendung der Rock"~Ridge- und +Joliet"=Erweiterungen ">mounten"< konnten. +\end{warningbox}\par} +\ifSingleColumn\end{figure}\fi + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{\protect{\TL} direkt vom Verteilungsmedium starten (\acro{UNIX})} + +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ +\newcommand{\runlive}{% +% text repeated in windows section +Sie können {\TeX} direkt von der \pkgname{live}-{\DVD} starten, ohne es vorher auf Festplatte installieren zu müssen +(daher der Name {\TeX} ">Live"<). Es ist aber \emph{nicht} +möglich, {\TeX} direkt von den {\CDROM}s laufen zu lassen +(siehe hierzu Kapitel~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} auf +Seite~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist} über die verschiedenen Distributionen). +In den folgenden Installationsschritten benutzen wir ">\texttt{>}"< für +die Eingabeaufforderung und Unterstreichung für Benutzereingaben. +} +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +%\runlive + +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ +\newcommand{\startinst}{% +% is repeated in other sections +Zuerst ">mounten"< Sie die {\CDROM} oder {\DVD} unter Verwendung der Rock"~Ridge"=Erweiterungen. +Das Kommando hierfür variiert von System zu System; die nachfolgenden Befehle funktionieren +unter Linux; nur der Name des \CDROM-/\DVD-Laufwerks (hier |/dev/cdrom|) muss u.\,U. +angepasst werden. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +Wechseln Sie mit Ihrem aktuellen Verzeichnis zum Mount-Point: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +Unter {\MacOSX} werden {\CDROM}s und {\DVD}s automatisch ">gemountet"<; +ein \cmdname{mount} ist deshalb überflüssig. Das Verteilungsmedium +wird in das Verzeichnis |/Volumes/| ">gemountet"<. +} + +\def\installtlsh{% +Starten Sie das Installationsskript \filename{install-tl.sh}: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh}\\ +Welcome to TeX Live... +\end{alltt} + +Nach den Begrüßungsmeldungen und der Ausgabe der Hauptmenü-Liste +werden Sie aufgefordert, ein Kommando einzugeben. Geben Sie die +gewünschte Option ein und schließen Sie die Eingabe mit ">\cmdname{Return}"< +ab. +Bei der Eingabe bleiben Groß- oder Kleinschreibung unberücksichtigt; +in unseren Beispielen benutzen wir die Kleinschreibung.} +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +\runlive +\startinst +\installtlsh + +Um das \TL-System direkt vom Verteilungsmedium laufen zu lassen, müssen wir +als erstes Kommando \Ucom{d} eingeben und dann das Unterkommando \Ucom{1}, +um die Verzeichnisse zu erzeugen. Obwohl wir alle Programme von {\CDROM} oder +{\DVD} laufen lassen, muss trotzdem ein Verzeichnis auf der lokalen Platte +eingerichtet werden, um Dateien, die {\TeX} während der Laufzeiten +erzeugt wurden (beispielsweise Fonts, Formate und geänderte Konfigurationsdateien), +abgelegt werden können. Im folgenden Beispiel benutzen wir +\dirname{/opt/texlive2005} (wenn die Voreinstellung \dirname{/usr/local/texlive2005} +für Sie in Ordnung ist, können Sie den folgenden Schritt überspringen). Wir +empfehlen, das Erscheinungsjahr von \TL{} in den Pfadnamen -- wie oben im +Beispiel -- aufzunehmen, damit ältere \TL-Installationen nicht beeinflusst werden. + +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{d} +Current directories setup: +<1> TEXDIR: /usr/local/texlive2005 +... +Enter command: \Ucom{1} +New value for TEXDIR [/usr/local/texlive2005]: \Ucom{/opt/texlive2005} +... +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +\end{alltt} + +Zurück im Hauptmenü, geben wir unser zweites und letztes +Kommando \Ucom{r} ein, um den Modus ">von \CDROM/{\DVD} laufen lassen (keine +Installation auf Disk)"< zu erreichen: + +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +Preparing destination directories... +... +Welcome to the TeX Live! +> +\end{alltt} + +Nun sind wir wieder zurück am System-Prompt \samp{>}. + +Der letzte Schritt zu einem funktionsfähigen \TL-System ist die +Änderung zweier En"-viron"-ment-Variablen: \envname{PATH} und \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR}. +Die Variable \envname{PATH} muss um das Verzeichnis erweitert werden, in +dem die Programme der verwendeten Architektur liegen; \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} +erhält die Verzeichnis-Angabe, die oben festgelegt wurde. +In Tabelle~\ref{tab:archlist} sehen Sie eine Liste der verfügbaren +Architekturen für die verschiedenen Systeme. + +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ +\newcommand{\textruntexconfig}{% +% is repeated in other sections +Direkt im Anschluss an die Installation und das Setzen der +En"-viron"-ment-Variablen wird \cmdname{texconfig} oder \cmdname{texconfig-sys} aufgerufen, +um das \TeX-System an Ihre lokalen Gegebenheiten anzupassen. +Dieser Schritt wird im Abschnitt~\ref{sec:texconfig} auf +Seite~\pageref{sec:texconfig} näher erläutert.} +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +\textruntexconfig + +\begin{table}[tbh!] + \centering +\caption[Unterstützte Betriebssysteme und Architekturen]{Unterstützte Betriebssysteme und Architekturen}\label{tab:archlist} + +\smallskip + +\begin{tabular}{l>{\ttfamily}l} +\hline + Betriebssystem/Plattform & Version \\ +\hline + HP Alpha \acro{GNU}/Linux & alpha-linux \\ +% HP Alphaev5 \acro{OSF} 4.0d & alphaev5-osf4.0d \\ +% HP9000 \acro{HPUX} 10.20 & hppa2.0-hpux10.20 \\ + Intel x86 \MacOSX & i386-darwin \\ + Intel x86 Free\acro{BSD} & i386-freebsd \\ + Intel x86 \acro{GNU}/Linux & i386-linux \\ +% Intel x86 Open\acro{BSD} & i386-openbsd3.3 \\ +% Intel x86 Solaris & i386-solaris2.8 \\ + \acro{SGI} IRIX & mips-irix \\ + \acro{IBM} RS/6000 \acro{AIX} 4.3.* & powerpc-aix \\ + \MacOSX & powerpc-darwin \\ + Sun Sparc \acro{GNU}/Linux & sparc-linux \\ + Sun Sparc Solaris & sparc-solaris \\ + Windows 9X/ME/2K/NT/XP (32\,bit) & win32 \\ + Intel x68 64-Bit \acro{GNU}/Linux & x86\_64-linux \\ +\hline +\end{tabular} + +\end{table}\label{text:path} + +Die Syntax für das Setzen einer En"-viron"-ment-Variable und der Name der +Initialisierungsdatei, in die sie geschrieben wird, hängt von der Shell ab, +die Sie benutzen. Benutzer, die eine Shell einsetzen, die kompatibel zur +Bourne-Shell ist (z.\,B. \cmdname{sh}, \cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, usw.), +können die folgenden Zeilen in Ihre Datei \file{\$HOME/.profile} einfügen: + +\begin{alltt} + PATH=/mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH; export PATH + TEXMFSYSVAR=/opt/texlive2005/texmf-var; export TEXMFSYSVAR +\end{alltt} + +Für C-Shell-kompatible Shells (z.\,B. \cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}) +sind die folgenden Zeilen in die Datei \file{\$HOME/.cshrc} +aufzunehmen: + +\begin{alltt} + setenv PATH /mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH + setenv TEXMFSYSVAR /opt/texlive2005/texmf-var +\end{alltt} + +Nach dieser Änderung loggen Sie sich aus und wieder ein und testen +Ihre Installation (siehe Abschnitt~\ref{sec:test-install} auf +Seite~\pageref{sec:test-install}. + +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ +\newcommand{\textifindoubt}{% +Wenn Sie sich nicht sicher sind, fragen Sie Ihren lokalen System-Guru +um Rat, denn es variiert beispielsweise, wie {\CDROM}s oder {\DVD}s zu ">mounten"< +sind, welche Verzeichnisse benutzt werden dürfen oder wie die Änderungen +in den Initialisierungsdateien vorgenommen werden müssen.} +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +\textifindoubt + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Installation des \protect\TL-Systems auf der Festplatte}\label{sec:unix-install-disk} + +Es ist sicherlich der Standardfall, das \TL-System auf der +Festplatte zu installieren. Dies kann von der \TK-\DVD +oder der \TL-{\CDROM} erfolgen. +(lesen Sie Abschnitt~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} auf Seite~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist} für eine Erläuterung der verschiedenen Distributionen.) + +\startinst +\installtlsh + +Die Tabelle~\ref{tab:main-menu-options} listet die Optionen +des Hauptmenüs auf. Die Abfolge, in der Sie die einzelnen Optionen auswählen, +ist unerheblich, mit Ausnahme von ">\optname{i}"<, was stets am +Ende steht. Wir erläutern die einzelnen Optionen in der angegebenen +Reihenfolge: + +% apparently here.sty [H] doesn't support table*. + +\begin{table}[H] +\caption{Optionen im Installationshauptmenü}\label{tab:main-menu-options} +\centering +%\begin{tabular}{*{2}{>{\ttfamily}l}l@{}} +\begin{tabular}{@{}>{\ttfamily}lp{0.9\linewidth}} +p & \ttfamily The \optname{p}latform you are running on.\\ + & Plattform ändern\\ +b & \ttfamily The architectures for which to install \optname{b}inaries.\\ + & Programme für andere Plattformen installieren \\ +s & \ttfamily The base installation \optname{s}cheme to use (minimal, recommended, full, etc.\\ + & Installations-Schema auswählen \\ +c & \ttfamily Override the base scheme for individual \optname{c}ollections.\\ + & Installations-Schema ändern \\ +l & \ttfamily Override for \optname{l}anguage collections.\\ + & Sprachschema ändern\\ +d & \ttfamily \optname{D}irectories in which to install.\\ + & Installationsverzeichnisse festlegen \\ +o & \ttfamily \optname{O}ther options.\\ + & allgemeine Installationsoptionen \\ +%r & \optname{r}un off CD or DVD & nichts installieren; Lauf von \CDROM/\DVD \\ +i & \ttfamily Perform the \optname{i}nstallation.\\ + & Installation starten\\ +%h & \optname{h}elp & Hilfe \\ +%q & \optname{q}uit & Ende \\ +\end{tabular} +\end{table} + +Die Optionen im Einzelnen: + +\begin{itemize} +\item [\optname{p}] \textbf{Current platform}: Das Installationsskript versucht + automatisch festzustellen, auf welcher Plattform es + läuft. Im Allgemeinen wird die Plattform korrekt erkannt, so dass diese + Option nur dann benutzt werden muss, wenn die automatische Erkennung versagt + oder überschrieben werden soll. + +\item [\optname{b}] \textbf{Binary architectures}: Im Standardfall werden nur + die Programme der aktuellen Plattform installiert. + Mit Hilfe dieser Option ist es aber möglich, Programme anderer + Plattformen zu installieren -- oder überhaupt keine, wenn Sie die + Programme lieber selber kompilieren möchten. Ersteres kann insbesondere + dann sinnvoll sein, wenn der \TeX-Verzeichnisbaum von mehreren + (heterogenen) Rechnern über ein Netzwerk ge">shared"< wird. Siehe + hierzu die Tabelle~\ref{tab:archlist} + auf Seite~\pageref{tab:archlist} mit den unterstützten Architekturen. + + +\item [\optname{s}] \textbf{Base installation scheme}: In diesem Menü können Sie aus einer Anzahl von vorkonfigurierten + Paket-Zusammenstellungen (">Schema-Definitionen"<) wählen. Die wichtigsten sind: + +\begin{tabular}{@{}lp{0.8\linewidth}} + \hline + Angabe & Inhalt und Verwendung \\ + \hline +\optname{basic} & Diese Angabe ist dann sinnvoll, wenn Sie nur wenig Platz auf der Festplatte haben.\\ +\optname{full} & Dies ist die Voreinstellung. Mit dieser Angabe bekommen Sie einfach alles.\\ +\optname{medium} & Irgendwo dazwischen\\ +\hline +\end{tabular} + + Daneben gibt es u.\,a. auch noch Paket-Zusammenstellungen für {\OMEGA} and \acro{XML}. + +\item [\optname{c}] \textbf{Individual collections}: Über dieses Menü ist es möglich, den + Umfang der zu installierenden Sammlung (aus der Schema-Auswahl) + individuell zu verändern. Sie können den Installationsumfang (und die + Leistungsfähigkeit Ihres Systems) durch An- oder Abwahl von Sammlungen + oder durch Einzelselektion bestimmen. Jede Paketsammlung (\TeX-Makros, + Font-Familien, usw.) besteht aus einer Anzahl von Paketen; hier können + Sie einzelne Pakete hinzu- oder anwählen. Beachten Sie bitte in diesem Menü + die Groß"~/""Kleinschreibung. + +%% \begin{tabular}{c>{\bfseries\sffamily}lc>{\bfseries\sffamily}l} % ?? prüfen, ob die Tabelle noch gilt +%% a & Essential programs and files & o & Basic {\LaTeX}?? packages \\ +%% b & Extra {\BibTeX}?? styles & p & Support for latex3 \\ +%% c & The bare {\TL}?? binaries & s & {\LaTeX}?? supplementary packages \\ +%% d & Chemical typesetting & t & {\LaTeX}?? recommended packages \\ +%% e & Context macro package & u & Advanced math typesetting \\ +%% f & Extra documentation & v & Metapost (and Metafont) drawing \\ +%% g & e\TeX?? & w & {\OMEGA}?? \\ +%% h & {\TeX}?? auxiliary programs & x & {\pdfTeX}?? \\ +%% i & {\TeX}?? font-related programs & y & Drawing and graphing packages \\ +%% j & Recommended extra fonts & z & Plain {\TeX}?? extra macros \\ +%% k & Extra formats & A & {\PS}?? utilities \\ +%% l & Games typesetting (chess, etc & B & Support for publishers \\ +%% m & Miscellaneous macros & C & TrueType font manipulation \\ +%% n & HTML/SGML/XML support & & \\ +%% \end{tabular} + +\item [\optname{l}] \textbf{Language collections}: Dieses Menü hat eine ähnliche Aufgabe + wie \Ucom{c} -- nämlich das vorgegebene Schema zu ändern: Hier können Sie den Installationsumfang für + die Sprachunterstützung festlegen. + + Jede Sammlung besteht aus + verschiedenen Paketen, die Makros, Fonts und Trennmuster enthalten. Beispielsweise + wird das Makropaket \pkgname{frenchle.sty} installiert, wenn die Sprachsammlung + \optname{French} ausgewählt wird. Darüber hinaus hat die Sprachauswahl Einfluss + auf die Konfigurationsdatei \filename{language.dat}. Diese Datei steuert, welche + Trennmuster geladen werden. + +Die Liste für Sprachen der {\TL} umfasst (Hier muss bei den +Auswahl-Buchstaben Groß-/""Kleinschreibung unterschieden werden): + +\bgroup +\centering +\begin{tabular}{@{}p{0.24\linewidth}p{0.20\linewidth}p{0.20\linewidth}p{0.24\linewidth}} % ?? noch ganz grausig +(einige) Afrikanische Skripte & Arabisch & Armenisch & Chinesisch Japanisch Koreanisch \\ +Kroatisch & Kyrillisch & Tschechisch/""Slowakisch & Dänisch \\ +Niederländisch & Finnisch & Französisch & Deutsch \\ +Griechisch & Ungarisch & Indisch & Italienisch \\ +Latein & Manju & Mongolisch & Norwegisch \\ +Polnisch & Portugiesisch & Spanisch & Schwedisch \\ +Tibetanisch & \acro{UK}-English & Vietnamesisch & Hebräisch \\ +\end{tabular} +\egroup + +Der oben angegebenen Reihenfolge der Sprachen liegt die Abfolge der Auswahl-Boxen des Menüs zugrunde. + +\item [\optname{d}] + \textbf{Installation directories}: Die folgenden drei Verzeichnisse können hier + geändert werden:\hfill + \label{text:instdir} + + \begin{ttdescription} + \item [TEXDIR]\mbox{}\\ + ist das Wurzelverzeichnis, unterhalb dessen alles installiert + wird. Die Voreinstellung ist \dirname{/usr/local/texlive2005}; + diese Angabe wird aber meistens verändert. Sie können auf diese + Weise verschiedene \TL-Ausgaben parallel betreiben. Wir empfehlen + daher, die Jahresangabe im Verzeichnisnamen beizubehalten. + Wenn Sie das neue Release ausführlich getestet haben, könnten Sie + dann beispielsweise \dirname{/usr/local/texlive} zu einem + symbolischen Link machen. + + Unter {\MacOSX} wird das \TeX-Front-End üblicherweise in + \dirname{/usr/local/teTeX} gesucht. Sie können also überlegen, + das \TL-System dort zu installieren. + + \item [TEXMFLOCAL:]\mbox{}\\ + In diesem Zweig speichert das \TeX-System üblicherweise die nicht + versionsabhängigen Dateien, vornehmlich Fonts. Die Voreinstellung + ist \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local}, unabhängig vom + Release-Jahr der \TL. In diesen Verzeichniszweig gehören + auch alle lokalen Pakete und Konfigurationsdateien. + + \item [TEXMFSYSVAR:]\mbox{}\\ + In diesem Zweig speichert das System die versionsabhängigen + Dateien, insbesondere Format-Dateien und Konfigurationsdateien, die + von \cmdname{texconfig-sys} verändert werden (siehe Abschnitt~\ref{sec:texconfig} + auf Seite~\pageref{sec:texconfig}). Die Voreinstellung ist + \dirname{TEXDIR/texmf-var}. Normalerweise gibt es keinen Grund, diese Einstellung zu ändern. + \end{ttdescription} + +\item [\optname{o}] + \textbf{Other Options}: In diesem Menü können Sie grundlegende Installations-Optionen setzen: + \begin{ttdescription} + \item [a] Hiermit geben Sie ein \textbf{a}lternatives Verzeichnis an, in das generierte + Fonts abgelegt werden dürfen. Standardmäßig wird das durch + \envname{TEXMFVAR} angegebene Verzeichnis benutzt, wie oben beschrieben. + Die Angabe eines alternativen Verzeichnisses ist immer dann sinnvoll, + wenn Sie Ihr Hauptverzeichnis \emph{read-only} setzen wollen und daher + für die dynamisch kreierten Fonts ein anderes -- möglicherweise rechnerspezifisches -- Verzeichnis + benötigen. + + \item [l] Erzeugen symbolischer \textbf{L}inks für Programme, ">man~pages"< + bzw. \acro{GNU}-\acro{info}-Dateien an anderen Stellen; beispielsweise um die + Man-page-Dokumentation unter \dirname{/usr/local/man} und die + Info-Dateien unter \dirname{/usr/local/info} zur Verfügung zu stellen + (Selbstverständlich müssen Sie im Besitz der notwendigen Privilegien + sein, um in die angegebenen Verzeichnisse schreiben zu dürfen.) + + Es ist nicht ratsam, ein schon bereits bestehendes \TeX-System zu überschreiben, + das mit dieser Option erstellt wurde. Die Option ist vielmehr dafür gedacht, + Links in den schon bekannten Standardverzeichnissen (wie z.\,B. \dirname{/usr/local/bin}) + bereit zu stellen. Die betreffenden Verzeichnisse sollten dann aber auch nicht + irgendwelche \TeX-Verzeichnisse enthalten. + + \item [d] Die Installation der + Dokumentation (">\textbf{d}oc"<) für Fonts und Makros wird unterlassen. + Das ist dann sinnvoll, wenn Sie Platz sparen müssen oder die Dokumentation bereits + an anderer Stelle abgelegt haben. + + \item [s] Die Installation des Hauptzweigs mit Fonts und Makros wird übersprungen. + Diese Option wird bei der Einrichtung eines ">\textbf{s}hared"< Betriebs + zwischen Rechnern bzw. Architekturen mittels \acro{NFS} oder + \cmdname{automount} für den Hauptzweig genutzt. + \end{ttdescription} + +\item [\optname{i}] + \textbf{perform installation}: Wenn Sie mit Ihrer Konfiguration + zufrieden sind, starten Sie mit der Eingabe von \Ucom{i} die + Installation vom Medium auf die Festplatte. +\end{itemize} + +Wenn die Installation abgeschlossen ist, so besteht der nächste Schritt +darin, die Variable \envname{PATH} so zu ergänzen, dass die neu-installierten +Programme im architektur-spezifischen Verzeichnis unterhalb von +\dirname{\$TEXDIR/bin} gefunden werden. Die unterstützten Architekturen sind in +der Tabelle~\ref{tab:archlist} auf Seite~\pageref{tab:archlist} zu finden. +Sie können sich aber auch einfach den Inhalt des Verzeichnisses in +\dirname{\$TEXDIR/bin} ausgeben lassen. + +Die Syntax für das Setzen einer En"-viron"-ment-Variable und der Name der +Initialisierungsdatei, in die sie geschrieben wird, hängen von der Shell ab, +die Sie benutzen. Benutzer, die eine Shell einsetzen, die kompatibel zur +Bourne-Shell ist (z.\,B. \cmdname{sh}, \cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, usw.), +können folgende Zeilen in Ihre Datei \file{\$HOME/.profile} aufnehmen: + +\begin{alltt} + PATH=/usr/local/texlive2005/bin/\var{archname}:\$PATH; export PATH +\end{alltt} + +Für C-Shell-kompatible Shells (z.\,B. \cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}) +sind die folgenden Zeilen in die Datei \file{\$HOME/.cshrc} +aufzunehmen: + +\begin{alltt} + setenv PATH /usr/local/texlive2005/bin/\var{archname}:\$PATH +\end{alltt} + +\textruntexconfig + +Es folgt ein kurzes kommentiertes Beispiel für eine volle Installation der +">Live"<-Version ({\DVD} oder \pkgname{inst}-{\CDROM}) mit den Binärdateien +für das aktuelle System und den oben vorgeschlagenen Verzeichnis-Änderungen. +In diesem Fall ist daher nur das Kommando \Ucom{i} erforderlich. Das Zeichen +">\texttt{>}"< steht wie üblich für den Kommandozeilen-Prompt. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +\Ucom{i} # perform installation +> \Ucom{texconfig} ... +# New PATH, with Linux as the example: +> \Ucom{PATH=/usr/local/texlive2005/bin/i386-linux:\$PATH; export PATH} +\end{alltt} + +\textifindoubt + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +%\subsection{Installation einzelner Pakete} +\subsection{Installation einzelner Pakete auf einer Festplatte} + +Sie können die {\TL} auch dazu benutzen, ein bestehendes +\TeX-System auf den neuesten Stand zu bringen bzw. die Daten einer +bestehenden Installation durch einzelne Pakete oder Sammlungen zu ergänzen. + +\startinst + +Führen Sie das \emph{für diesen Zweck} vorgesehene Installations-Skript \filename{install-pkg.sh} +aus (das im vorigen Abschnitt vorgestellte Skript \filename{install-tl.sh} ist nur +für eine Erstinstallation gedacht): + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh \var{Optionen}} +\end{alltt} + +Das Skript kann über Kommandozeilenparameter gesteuert werden. +Die ersten zwei dienen zur Auswahl des zu installierenden Pakets, zur Auswahl +der Sammlung (z.\,B. \samp{tex-mathextra}), zur Angabe des Verzeichnisses, +auf das das Medium ">gemountet"< ist und zur Angabe des Verzeichnisses, das +die Dateilisten der Pakete enthält (diese beiden werden automatisch gesetzt): + +\smallskip + +\begin{deflist}{\texttt{-{}-collection=}\var{coll-name}} +\item[\texttt{-{}-package=}\var{pgk-name}] + Name des gewünschten Pakets (\emph{package}) +\item[\texttt{-{}-collection=}\var{coll-name}] + Name der gewünschten Sammlung (\emph{collection}) +\item[\texttt{-{}-nodoc}] + Dokumentationsdateien nicht mitkopieren +\item[\texttt{-{}-nosrc}] + Quelldateien nicht mitkopieren +\item[\texttt{-{}-cddir=}\var{cd-dir}] + Quellverzeichnis, von dem gelesen wird (Voreinstellung ist + das aktuelle Verzeichnis): Wenn Sie die oben + stehenden Anweisungen befolgt haben, befinden + Sie sich im Distributionsverzeichnis und müssen + keine Änderungen vornehmen. +\item[\texttt{-{}-listdir=}\var{list-dir}] + das sogenannte ">list"<-Verzeichnis innerhalb von + \var{cd-dir}, von dem die Paket-Informationen + gelesen werden: Die Voreinstellung für \var{list-dir} + ist \var{cd-dir}\file{/texmf/tpm/lists}; der einzige + Grund für eine Änderung läge vor, wenn Sie Änderungen + am \TL-System selbst vornähmen. +\end{deflist} + +%\smallskip +Die eigentliche Aktion wird durch weitere Parameter gesteuert. Die ersten beiden +verhindern die Installation der Dokumentation bzw. der Quelldateien +eines Pakets. Der dritte verhindert den Aufruf von \cmdname{mktexlsr} beim +Abschluss der Installation, womit die Datenbank der Verzeichnisstruktur neu +aufgebaut würde. Der vierte Parameter dient zur Anzeige der zu installierenden +Dateien, ohne dass die Installation tatsächlich durchgeführt wird. Der Umfang +der Informationen über die aktuellen Tätigkeiten des Skripts kann vergrößert +werden und zu guter Letzt kann noch aus einem zu installierenden Paket (oder +Sammlung) ein \cmdname{tar}-Archiv erzeugt werden, in dem die Dateien schon die +korrekte \OnCD{texmf}-Verzeichnisstruktur haben. + +\smallskip + +\begin{deflist}{\texttt{-{}-archive=}\var{tarfile}} +\item[\texttt{-{}-listonly}] Auf"|listung, welche Dateien in einem Paket oder einer Sammlung sind; + keine Installation des Pakets +\item[\texttt{-{}-archive=}\var{tarfile}] Statt das angegebene Paket oder die Sammlung zu + installieren, wird ein \cmdname{tar}-Archiv erzeugt. +\end{deflist} + +Zusätzliche Optionen: + +\begin{deflist}{\texttt{-{}-archive=}\var{tarfile}} +\item[\texttt{-{}-nohash}] kein Hash-Lauf von \cmdname{mktexlsr} +\item[\texttt{-{}-config}] nach der Installation einen Konfigurationslauf mit \samp{texconfig~init} durchführen +\item[\texttt{-{}-verbose}] mehr Informationen ausgeben, was das Skript während seines Laufs macht +\end{deflist} + +\smallskip + +Hier einige Beispiele für die Verwendung des Skripts: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Wollen Sie beispielsweise wissen, welche Dateien mit dem + Paket \pkgname{fancyhdr} installiert werden würden, ist folgender + Befehl einzugeben, der die entsprechende Ausgabe zur Folge hat: + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr --listonly} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr \bs} +>> \Ucom{--listonly} +\fi{} + texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/README + texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.dvi + texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.tex + texmf/tex/latex/fancyhdr/extramarks.sty + texmf/tex/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.sty + .... +\end{alltt} + + \item Installation des \LaTeX-Pakets \pkgname{natbib}: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=natbib} +\end{alltt} + +\item Installation des Pakets \pkgname{alg} ohne Quelldateien und + ohne Dokumentation: + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=alg --nosrc --nodoc} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=alg \bs} +>> \Ucom{--nosrc --nodoc} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\item Installation der Pakete mit zusätzlichen \plainTeX-Makros: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --collection=tex-plainextra} +\end{alltt} + +\item Erzeugen eines \cmdname{tar}-Archivs aller Dateien des Pakets \pkgname{PSTricks} + im Verzeichnis \dirname{/tmp}: + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=pstricks --archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\else +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=pstricks \bs} +>> \Ucom{--archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\fi\end{alltt} +\end{enumerate} + +\textifindoubt + +% ============================================================== +\section{Installationsnacharbeiten und Wartung}\label{sec:postinstall} + +Nachdem die Hauptinstallation durchgeführt ist, müssen das \TeX-System an Ihre lokalen +Gegebenheiten angepasst und einige Tests durchgeführt werden. + +Eine andere Form der Nacharbeit ist das nachträgliche Installieren +von Paketen, Fonts oder Programmen, die in der {\TL} nicht enthalten sind. +Grundsätzlich empfiehlt es sich, diese Erweiterungen im \envname{TEXMFLOCAL}-Baum +(bei einer Installation auf Festplatte) oder in \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} (beim ">Live"<-Betrieb) +unterzubringen. Siehe hierzu auch die Ausführungen unter ">Installation directories"< +im Abschnitt~\ref{text:instdir} ab Seite~\pageref{text:instdir}. + +Leider ist dieses Thema nicht völlig trivial und auch für die unterschiedlichen Pakete +(Fonts, Makros, usw.) nicht einheitlich geregelt, so dass es den Umfang dieser Anleitung +sprengen würde, darauf im Detail einzugehen. + +Es gibt einige Beschreibungen in Englisch: + +\begin{itemize*} +\item \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=instpackages} +\item \url{http://www.ctan.org/installationadvice/} +\item \url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/beginlatex/html/chapter5.html#pkginst}: über die Paketinstallation +\item \url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/Type1fonts/}: über die Font"=Installation +\end{itemize*} + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Konfigurationsprogramm \cmdname{texconfig}}\label{sec:texconfig}\label{ssec:tex} + +Nachdem das Installationsprogramm die benötigten Dateien kopiert hat, +können Sie das Programm \cmdname{texconfig} aufrufen, um das \TeX-System +an Ihre Wünsche und lokalen Gegebenheiten anzupassen. +Sie können dieses Programm aber auch zu jedem anderen Zeitpunkt aufrufen, +um Einstellungen zu ändern und anzupassen. \cmdname{texconfig} ist in dem +plattform-spezifischen Unterverzeichnis \dirname{TEXDIR/bin/}\var{arch} +neben allen anderen Programmen zu finden. + +Starten Sie das Programm ohne Argumente, so wird \cmdname{texconfig} im +Vollbildmodus mit einem maskenbasierten Kommandobildschirm gestartet, +wo Sie die einzelnen Optionen interaktiv kontrollieren und ändern +können. Alternativ können Sie auch auf der Kommandozeilen-Ebene mit +Schaltern die Konfiguration steuern. + +Sie sollten für sämtliche Wartungsarbeiten wie ">Installation neuer Drucker"< +oder ">Neuaufbau der Dateinamen"=Datenbank"< \cmdname{texconfig} verwenden. +Es gibt Hilfstexte mit Erläuterungen für die Fähigkeiten von +\cmdname{texconfig} in beiden Betriebsmodi. + +Einige der am häufigsten benötigten Schalter werden im Folgenden erklärt:% +\footnote{Anmerkung: Die Voreinstellung für das Papierformat im \TL-System ist \optname{a4}.} + +\begin{deflist}{\code {texconfig paper letter}} +\item[\code {texconfig paper letter}] Legt das Standard-Papierformat für verschiedene Programme und Treiber + (\cmdname{pdftex}, \cmdname{dvips}, \cmdname{dvipdfm}, \cmdname{xdvi}) auf ">\optname{letter}"< fest. Eine andere + mögliche Angabe ist \optname{a4}, die auch die Voreinstellung ist. + +\item[\code {texconfig localsetup}] Überprüft, ob die Pfade korrekt sind. + +\item[\code {texconfig rehash}] Neugenerierung aller Dateinamen"=Datenbanken für das \TeX-System nach dem Hinzufügen oder Entfernen von Dateien + +\item[\code {texconfig faq}] Zeigt die \teTeX-\acro{FAQ} an. Beachten Sie auch die \TeX-\acro{FAQ}s in + \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en}. + +\item[\code {texconfig help}] Ausgabe von Hilfetexten für \cmdname{texconfig} +\end{deflist} + +Das Programm \cmdname{texconfig} unterstützt natürlich nur die Änderung von einigen +wenigen (aber viel genutzten) Optionen und Konfigurationsparametern des +\TeX-Systems. Die zugrunde liegende Konfigurationsdatei für alle \Webc-Programme +heißt \filename{texmf.cnf}; Sie können sie mit dem Befehl +\samp{kpsewhich~texmf.cnf} ausfindig machen. Die in der Datei enthaltenen +Kommentare für Voreinstellungen und sinnvolle Alternativeinstellungen helfen +bei eigenen Modifikationen weiter. + +Ab dem Erscheinungsjahr 2005 der \TL{} schreibt \cmdname{texconfig} Änderung +in ein nutzerspezifisches Verzeichnis, nämlich \dirname{\$HOME/.texlive2005}. +Falls Sie \TeX\ nur für sich selbst installieren, ergeben sich keine +wesentlichen Unterschiede zu früher. Falls Sie ein \TeX-System für mehrere +Nutzer administrieren, möchten Sie wahrscheinlich die Konfiguration des +\TeX-Systems für alle Nutzer ändern. In diesem Fall benutzen Sie +\cmdname{texconfig-sys} statt \cmdname{texconfig}. + +Ebenso wurden die Hilfsprogramme \cmdname{updmap} und \cmdname{fmtutil} +so geändert, dass sie sich auf das Verzeichnis \dirname{\$HOME/.texlive2005} +beziehen. Für Änderungen, die alle Nutzer betreffen, benutzen Sie +\cmdname{updmap-sys} bzw. \cmdname{fmtutil-sys}. + +Beispielsweise werden Sie auf einem Multi-User-System die Standard-Formate +mit \texttt{fmtutil-sys -{}-missing} zentral erzeugen wollen, da diese +ansonsten für alle Nutzer individuell erzeugt werden. + +Falls Sie modifizierte Versionen von \filename{fmtutil.cnf} oder +\filename{updmap.cfg} verwenden wollen, müssen diese in dem texmf-Baum +installiert sein, auf den \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} zeigt. + +Für die Übersicht der verschiedenen texmf-Bäume sei auf den +Abschnitt~\ref{sec:texmftrees} auf Seite~\pageref{sec:texmftrees} verwiesen. +Die aktuellen Werte für diese Verzeichnisse erfahren Sie mit dem Kommando +">\texttt{texconfig conf}"< und können in der Datei \filename{texmf.cnf} +geändert werden. +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Testen der Installation}\label{sec:test-install} + +Nachdem Sie das \TL-System installiert haben, wollen Sie es sicherlich auch +testen, um dann in der Lage zu sein, beeindruckende Dokumente bzw. Fonts zu +erzeugen. + +Der folgende Abschnitt stellt einige grundlegende Vorgehensweisen vor, mit +der das neue System auf Funktionsfähigkeit geprüft werden kann. Hier werden +nur die \acro{UNIX}-Kommandos beschrieben, da unter {\MacOSX} und Windows +sicherlich ein \acro{GUI}% +\footnote{\acro{GUI}: Graphical User Interface; Graphische Benutzeroberfläche} +eingesetzt wird, um diese Tests durchzuführen; +grundsätzlich gilt aber das gleiche Prinzip. + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Stellen Sie als erstes sicher, dass das Programm \cmdname{tex} läuft: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{tex -{}-version} +TeX 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.5) +kpathsea version 3.5.5 +Copyright (C) 1997-2004 D.E. Knuth. +... +\end{alltt} + +Falls Sie nicht die Versionsnummern und die Copyright-Information sehen, +sondern ">\texttt{command not found}"< (o.\,ä.) erhalten, ist vermutlich die +En"-viron"-ment-Variable \envname{PATH} nicht korrekt gesetzt. Überprüfen Sie, +ob das richtige \OnCD{bin}-Unterverzeichnis in der Variablen \envname{PATH} +enthalten ist. Siehe auch die Informationen zum Setzen des En"-viron"-ments +auf Seite~\pageref{text:path}. + +\item Übersetzen einer Basis-\LaTeX-Datei: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{latex sample2e.tex} +This is pdfeTeXk, Version 3.141592... +... +Output written on sample2e.dvi (3 pages, 7496 bytes). +Transcript written on sample2e.log. +\end{alltt} + +Wird bei diesem Test die Datei \filename{sample2e.tex} (oder eine +Stildatei) nicht gefunden, liegt vermutlich ein Konfigurationsfehler +oder eine störende En"-viron"-ment-Variable vor. Für eine genauere Analyse ist +es empfehlenswert, {\TeX} über die Dateisuche berichten zu lassen. +Genaueres können Sie im Abschnitt ">Fehlersuche"< auf Seite~\pageref{Debugging} +nachlesen. + +\item Anzeigen der Ergebnisdatei: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{xdvi sample2e.dvi} +\end{alltt} + +(\textbf{Anmerkung:} Unter Windows heißt das entsprechende Kommando +\cmdname{Windvi}.) Sie sollten jetzt ein neues Fenster sehen, in dem ein Text +mit Erläuterungen über die Grundlagen in {\LaTeX} zu sehen ist. Sollten +{\TeX} und {\LaTeX} Neuland für Sie sein, ist dies ein empfehlenswertes +Dokument. Eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für \cmdname{xdvi} ist, dass +\emph{X-Windows} bei ihnen läuft. Ist dies nicht der Fall oder wurde die +En"-viron"-ment-Variable \envname{DISPLAY} nicht korrekt gesetzt, erhalten +Sie den Fehler \samp{Can't open display}. + +\item Eine \PS-Datei für Druck oder Anzeige erzeugen: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips sample2e.dvi -o sample2e.ps} +\end{alltt} + +\item Ausgabeformat {\pdf} statt {\dvi}; mit diesem Befehl wird aus der + \filename{.tex}-Datei direkt {\pdf} erzeugt: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{pdflatex sample2e.tex} +\end{alltt} + +\item \pdf-Datei anzeigen: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{gv sample2e.pdf} +\textrm{oder} +> \Ucom{xpdf sample2e.pdf} +\end{alltt} + +Leider sind weder \cmdname{gv} noch \cmdname{xpdf} in der aktuellen +{\TL} enthalten. Sie müssen deshalb beide separat installiert werden. +Siehe \url{http://www.gnu.org/software/gv/} und +\url{http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/} zu Informationen über \cmdname{gv} +bzw. \cmdname{xpdf}. + +\item Weitere Dateien, die für Tests interessant sind: + +\begin{deflist}{\filename{testfont.tex}} % vorher zu unübersichtlich +%\item[\filename{docstrip.tex}] Erzeugt \TeX-Quelle und -Dokumentation aus einer +% \filename{.dtx}-Datei. +\item[\filename{small2e.tex}] einfacheres Dokument als \file{sample2e.exe}, damit bei der + Untersuchung von Problemen eine möglichst kleine Quelldatei vorliegt +\item[\filename{testpage.tex}] erzeugt eine Seite mit Skalen für den Ausdrucktest, + um Drucker-Offsets ermitteln zu können. +\item[\filename{nfssfont.tex}] Testausdruck von beliebigen Fonts +\item[\filename{testfont.tex}] ebenfalls für den Testausdruck von beliebigen Fonts; allerdings in \plainTeX +\item[\filename{story.tex}] Die ">kanonische"< (plain-)\TeX-Datei überhaupt: Sie müssen nach dem + Aufruf von \samp{tex story.tex} nach dem \filename{*}-Prompt noch \samp{\bs bye} eingeben. +\end{deflist} + +Diese \filename{.tex}-Dateien können Sie auf die gleiche Weise bearbeiten +wie im Beispiel \filename{sample2e.tex} weiter oben. +\end{enumerate} + +Falls Sie mit {\TeX} und {\LaTeX} Neuland betreten oder Hilfe bei der +Erstellung von \TeX- und \LaTeX-Dokumenten benötigen, sollten Sie unbedingt +die deutschsprachige Ausgabe der \acro{FAQ}s zu Rate ziehen +(\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/german/FAQ-ge/de-tex-faq.pdf}). Dort finden Sie im +Abschnitt~2.4.2 ">Frei verfügbare Einführungen in (La)TeX, METAFONT und +verwandte Themen"< Verweise auf ausdruckbare und online-verfügbare +Einführungen. + +Hier sind insbesondere die Broschüren von Manuela~Jürgens von der +Fern-Universität in Hagen zu empfehlen: + +\begin{flushleft} +\begin{itemize} +\item ">\emph{{\LaTeX} -- eine Einführung und ein bisschen mehr \ldots}"< +(\url{ftp://ftp.fernuni-hagen.de/pub/pdf/urz-broschueren/broschueren/a0260003.pdf}) +und +\item ">\emph{{\LaTeX} -- Fortgeschrittene Anwendungen (oder: Neues von den Hobbits)}"< +(\url{ftp://ftp.fernuni-hagen.de/pub/pdf/urz-broschueren/broschueren/a0279510.pdf}) +\end{itemize} +\end{flushleft} + +Ein englischsprachiges \acro{WWW}-Dokument ist unter +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html} zu finden, wo auch andere +Informationsmöglichkeiten aufgeführt sind. + +% ============================================================== +\section{Installation unter \MacOSX}\label{sec:mac-install} +Der empfohlene Weg zur Installation eines \TeX-Systems unter \MacOSX\ ist +die Benutzung der Mac\TeX-Distribution, die im Jahr~2005 neu aufgenommen +wurde. Sie finden Sie auf der \pkgname{live}-\DVD{} im Verzeichnis +\dirname{mactex/}. Die Mac\TeX-Distribution verfügt über ein eigenes +Installationsprogramm für ein vollständiges \TeX-System, das auf te\TeX{} +und \TL{} basiert, und um viele zusätzliche Anwendungen und Anleitungen +ergänzt wurde. Die Homepage des Mac\TeX-Projektes finden Sie unter +\url{http://tug.org/mactex}. + +Alternativ können erfahrene Anwender unter \MacOSX{} ein reines +\TL-System installieren, indem Sie die \filename{install*}-Skripten +verwenden. + +Um diese Installations-Skripte unter {\MacOSX} nutzen zu können, muss die \cmdname{bash}-Shell +installiert sein. Läuft Ihr Rechner unter \MacOSX~10.2 haben Sie bereits die +\cmdname{bash}-Shell und müssen nichts weiter unternehmen. Für Besitzer früherer +Betriebssystem-Versionen ist \cmdname{zsh} die Standard-Shell, mit der die Skripte +nicht funktionieren. Falls Sie die \cmdname{bash}-Shell benötigen, sollten Sie sie +vom Internet laden oder (noch besser) Ihr System auf einen neueren Stand bringen. + +Wenn \cmdname{bash} bei ihnen läuft, können Sie der \acro{UNIX}-Installationsdokumentation +im letzten Abschnitt folgen. Siehe Abschnitt~\ref{sec:UNIX-install} auf +Seite~\pageref{sec:UNIX-install}; Mac\acro{OS}X-spezifische Anmerkungen sind -- wo +notwendig -- bereits im Text enthalten. + +% ============================================================== +\section{Installation und Einsatz unter Windows}\label{sec:win-install} + +Nachdem in der letztjährigen \TL-Ausgabe kein Installationsprogramm für +Windows enthalten war, ist ein solches nun wieder unter dem Namen +\cmdname{tlpmgui.exe} vorhanden, wenn auch noch in einem Anfangsstadium +und als recht experimentell anzusehen. + +\cmdname{tlpmgui.exe} besitzt weitgehend die gleichen Optionen wie das +Installationsskript für \acro{UNIX}, allerdings in Form einer grafischen +Oberfläche. Sie können daher Schemata, Pakete, Verzeichnisse etc. auswählen, +analog zur Beschreibung des Vorgehens für Unix-Systeme in +Abschnitt~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} auf +Seite~\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk}. Zusätzlich können Sie hier nach einer +erfolgten \TL{}-Installation nachträglich Pakete hinzufügen oder entfernen, +die Datei-Datenbank aktualisieren und Formate erzeugen. + +Falls Sie die technischen Details interessieren: \cmdname{tlpmgui} verwendet +im Hintergrund ein Kommandozeilen-Programm mit dem Namen \cmdname{tlpm}. + +Die unter Windows ausführbaren \TL-Programme basieren auf den neuen +Programmen aus dem \XEmTeX{}-Projekt, dem Nachfolger von \fpTeX{} (siehe +\url{http://www.metz.supelec.fr/~popineau/xemtex-1.html}). Einige Programme +sind ältere (aber hoffentlich noch funktionsfähige) Programme, insbesondere +der \dvi-Viewer \textsf{Windvi}, dessen Benutzung sich an dem auf +Unix-Systemen in der Regel verwendeten \textsf{xdvi} orientiert. Die +Anleitung zu \textsf{Windvi} finden Sie unter +\OnCD{texmf/doc/html/windvi/windvi.html}. Bitte beachten Sie, dass +\textsf{Windvi} nicht mehr weiter entwickelt wird. + +\TL{} kann auf 32"~Bit-Windows-Systemen wie +Windows\,9x, {\ME}, {\NT}, Windows\,2000 (\acro{2K}) oder {\XP} installiert +werden. Ältere Versionen von Windows (3.1x) oder gar \acro{MS-DOS} werden +nicht unterstützt. + +\subsection{Installon von \protect\TeX\protect\ Live auf Festplatte} + +Nach dem Einlegen der \TL-CD in Ihr \acro{CD}-Laufwerk sollte \cmdname{tlpmgui} +automatisch starten. Wenn Sie die \TeX Collection-DVD verwenden, +erscheint ein Auswahl-Menu für die einzelnen auf der DVD enthaltenen +Teile, und \cmdname{tlpmgui} startet nach der Auswahl von \TL. +Ist dies nicht der Fall, weil die Autostart-Option Ihres Systems deaktiviert +ist, wählen Sie auf Ihrem Windows-Desktop \guiseq{Start\arw Ausführen/Run} und +starten \verb|laufwerk:\setup-win32\tplmgui.exe| (von der +\pkgname{inst}-CD) bzw. \verb|laufwerk:\texlive\setup-win32\tplmgui.exe| +(wenn Sie die \pkgname{live}-DVD verwenden). + +Das Installationsprogramm \cmdname{tlpmgui} öffnet ein Fenster mit dem Titel +">\guiseq{TeX Live Installations- und Wartungsprogramm/TeX Live installation +and maintenance utility}"<. Die Sprache Ihres Windowssystem sollte automatisch +erkannt werden, so dass Sie in der Regel eine deutschsprachige Oberfläche +sehen sollten. + +Hier sind folgende Optionsgruppen verfügbar: \guiseq{Anpassung/Main +customization}, \guiseq{Installation/Install}, \guiseq{Schema +auswählen/Select a scheme}, \guiseq{System auswählen/Select systems}, +\guiseq{Verzeichnisse/Directories} and \guiseq{Optionen/Options}. Derzeit +sind noch nicht alle Gruppen wirklich implementiert, einige erscheinen noch +hellgrau und sind inaktiv. + +Im Abschnitt ">\guiseq{Verzeichnisse/Directories}"< sollte Ihr CD/DVD-Laufwerk +bereits neben der Schaltfläche \guiseq{CD/DVD} erscheinen. Falls nicht, +klicken Sie bitte auf \guiseq{CD/DVD} und wählen das Laufwerk aus, +in dem Installationsmedium befindet (bzw. \path|<laufwerk>:\texlive|, wenn +Sie von der \pkgname{live}-DVD installiern). + +Das Ziel-Verzeichnis für die Software-Installation kann über die Schaltfläche +\guiseq{TLroot} ausgewählt werden. Zur späteren Verwendung wird eine +Umgebungsvariable \path|TLroot| auf dieses Verzeichnis gesetzt. Die +Pfade \path|TEXMFTEMP| und \path|TEXMFCNF|, die neben den entsprechenden +Schaltflächen angezeigt werden, werden automatisch auf sinnvolle Werte +gesetzt, können aber auch manuell geändert werden. + +Im Abschnitt ">\guiseq{Schema auswählen/Select a scheme}"< kann das +gewünschte Installations-Schema ausgewählt werden (z.\,B. +\guiseq{scheme-gust}). % TODO: Besseres Beispiel +Zu jedem Schema kann mit \guiseq{Info} ein kurzer Informationstext angezeigt +werden. + +Schemata (schemes) sind große Sammlungen von Paketen für typische +Anwendungsfälle. Es gibt allgemeine Schemata wie \texttt{basic}, +\texttt{medium} und \texttt{full}, wobei wir bei ausreichendem Platz auf +Ihrer Festplatte das Schema \texttt{full} empfehlen. Andere Schemata wurden +speziell für einzelen User Groups zusammengestellt (wie GUST und GUTenberg) +oder betreffen spezielle Anwendungsfälle (z.\,B. für XML-Integration in +\TeX). Ein ausgewähltes Schema kann im Abschnitt ">\guiseq{Anpassung/Main +customization}"< durch die Aus- oder Abwahl von Kollektionen (collections) +in den Auswahlfenstern angepasst werden, die nach Klicken auf +">\guiseq{Standard-Kollektionen}"< oder ">\guiseq{Sprach-Kollektionen/Language +collections}"< erscheinen. So können Sie zum Beispiel durch Auswahl von +">\guiseq{Standard-Kollektionen}"< zusätzliche Pakete wie \MP, Omega oder +Anleitungen in verschiedenen Sprachen auswählen. + +\textbf{Anmerkung:} Die Pakete \guiseq{Ghostscript}, \guiseq{Perl} und +\guiseq{Wintools} sind standardmäßig ausgewählt und sollten auf jeden +Fall installiert werden, da deren Installation für viele Programme +notwendig ist -- es sei denn, sie sind bereits anderweitig installiert und +Sie kennen sich gut mit Ihrem System aus. Von diesen Tools werden die +Umgebungsvariablen \verb|PERL5LIB| und \verb|GS_LIB| gesetzt. + +Im Bereich ">\guiseq{Sprach-Kollektionen}"< im Abschnitt +\guiseq{Anpassung/Main customization} können Sie durch +Haken auswählen, welche Sprachunterstützungen installiert werden sollen. + +Zum Starten der Installation klicken Sie auf die Schaltfläche +\guiseq{Installieren} im Abschnitt ">\guiseq{Installation}"<. + +Während der Installation sehen Sie rechts unten einen Statusbalken. Solange +die Daten von dem Installationsmedium auf die Festplatte kopiert werden, +füllt sich dieser langsam (und damit meinen wir wirklich langsam) von links +nach rechts. Die Installation erfordert nach dem Kopieren auf die Festplatte +mehrere zusätzliche Schritte wie Erzeugen der Formate, Aufbau der +Datei-Datenbank, Setzen von Umgebungsvariablen etc. Dies kann einige Zeit in +Anspruch nehmen, während der der Statusbalken periodisch von links nach +rechts und zurück wandert. Warten Sie auf jeden Fall, bis der erfolgreiche +Abschluss der Installation gemeldet wird. + +In Ihrem Windows-System wird eine Programmgruppe +\guiseq{Start\arw Programme\arw TeXLive2005} mit dem Installationsprogramm +\cmdname{tlpmgui} eingerichtet. + +Arbeiten Sie unter Windows\,9x/""\ME, müssen Sie einen Windows-Neustart +durchführen. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Installation von Support-Paketen für Windows}\label{sec:win-xemtex} + +Für ein vollständiges \TL-System werden noch eine Reihe von +Paketen benötigt, die üblicherweise nicht zum Standard-Repertoire +von Windows gehören. Hierzu gehören \cmdname{Perl}, der +\PS-Interpreter \cmdname{Ghostscript} und eine +graphische Toolbox; zudem kann ein \TeX-orientierter +Editor eine deutliche Erleichterung bei der Tipparbeit darstellen. + +Alle diese Programme sind für Windows verfügbar; und um das Leben +ein bisschen einfacher zu machen, sind sie auch in {\TL} +vertreten: + +\begin{itemize} +\item GNU \cmdname{Ghostscript}~7.07 +\item eine minimale Installation von \cmdname{Perl} 5.8, die für die + Perl-Skripte von \TL{} benötigt werden +\item win-tools ist eine Sammlung von Programmen wie bzip2, gzip, jpeg2ps + und tiff2png +\end{itemize} + +Diese Programme stammen aus der \XEmTeX{}-Distribution, dem Nachfolger +von fp\TeX. + +Perl und Ghostscript werden automatisch installiert, wenn Sie es nicht +explizit abgewählt haben. Tun Sie dies nur, wenn Sie sicher sind, dass +diese Programme bereits installiert sind. + +Wenn Sie diese Sammlung nicht installieren möchten, sind Sie auf sich +gestellt, die notwendigen Tools und Pakete zur Vervollständigung Ihres +\TL-System verfügbar zu machen. Nachfolgend finden Sie eine Liste +der Tools und die zugehörigen Adressen, wo Sie sie herunterladen können: + +\begin{description} +\item[\cmdname{Ghostscript}:]\mbox{}\\ + \url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/}, in der {\TL} + finden Sie die Version 8.53 unter + \href{ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/nonfree/support/ghostscript/AFPL/}{\texttt{ctan/nonfree/support/ghostscript/AFPL}} +\item[Perl:]\mbox{}\\ + \url{http://www.activestate.com/} (zusätzliche + \cmdname{Perl}-Module erhalten Sie von \acro{CPAN}: + \url{http://www.cpan.org/}) +\item[ImageMagick:]\mbox{}\\ + \url{http://www.imagemagick.com/} +\item[NetPBM:]\mbox{}\\ + als Alternative zu \cmdname{ImageMagick} können + Sie \cmdname{NetPBM} für die Bearbeitung und Konversion + Ihrer Graphikdateien benutzen. Die \cmdname{NetPBM}-Homepage + ist \url{http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/}. +\item[\TeX-Editoren:]\mbox{}\\ + Die Zahl der Editoren ist groß -- und da es meist + Geschmackssache ist, hier eine kleine Auswahl: + \begin{itemize*} + \item \cmdname{GNU~Emacs} ist als Windows-Version verfügbar; siehe + \url{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html}. + \item \cmdname{XEmacs} ist ebenfalls unter Windows verfügbar; siehe + \url{http://www.xemacs.org/}. + \item \cmdname{WinShell} ist in der {\TL} im Verzeichnis \path|support| vorhanden, + die URL ist \url{http://www.winshell.de/}. + \item \cmdname{WinEdt} ist ein Shareware-Editor erhältlich unter der + URL \url{http://www.winedt.com/}. In der {\TL} (\DVD) sind die + aktuellen Programme, Erweiterungsmakros und Wörterbücher in + dem Verzeichnis \href{ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/nonfree/systems/win32/winedt/}{\texttt{ctan/nonfree/systems/win32/winedt/}} + enthalten. + + Mitglieder von \acro{DANTE}~e.V. können über den Verein preisgünstige + Lizenzen erhalten (siehe \url{http://www.dante.de/dante/lizenzen/winedt/}). + \item \cmdname{vim} finden Sie auf der {\TL} im Pfad + \OnCD{support/vim}; die Referenz-URL ist \url{http://www.vim.org/}. + \item TeXnicCenter ist eine freie Oberfläche, erhältlich von + \url{http://www.toolscenter.org} und innerhalb von proTeXt. + \item \cmdname{LEd} ist unter \url{http://www.ctan.org/support/LEd} + erhätlich + \item \cmdname{SciTE} kann unter der URL \url{http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html} + geladen werden. + \end{itemize*} +\end{description} + +Sie werden sicherlich weitere Tools installieren wollen, die ">nicht +frei"<\footnote{Die Festlegung ">\emph{nicht frei}"< folgt den Richtlinien +für ">freie Software"<. Es heißt +nicht, dass Sie die Software nicht auch kostenlos bekommen können.} +sind und deshalb auf der {\TL} fehlen, so zum Beispiel \cmdname{GSView}. +Dieser Begleiter von \cmdname{Ghostscript}, der das Anschauen von +\PS-/\pdf-Dateien vereinfacht, ist erhältlich unter der URL +\url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/} oder +\href{ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/nonfree/support/ghostscript/ghostgum/}{\texttt{CTAN:nonfree/support/ghostscript/ghostgum}}. + +%\clearpage + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Wartung Ihrer Installation} + +Wenn Sie Ihr \TL-System installiert haben, können Sie das System mit dem +Aufruf von \cmdname{tlpmgui} modifizieren. + +\subsubsection{Hinzufügen und Entfernen von Paketen} +Starten Sie \cmdname{tlpmgui} aus der Programmgruppe +\guiseq{Start\arw Programme\arw TeXLive2005}, die während der Installation +angelegt wurde. Das Fenster mit dem Titel ">\guiseq{TeX Live Installations- +und Wartungsprogramm}"< erscheint. Hier sind mehrere Bereiche als +Karteireiter vorhanden: +\guiseq{Pakete hinzufügen/Add Packages}, +\guiseq{Pakete entfernen/Remove packages}, +\guiseq{Installation bearbeiten/Manage installation}, +\guiseq{Installation entfernen/Remove installation}. + +Das Arbeiten mit ">\guiseq{Pakete hinzufügen}"< bzw. ">\guiseq{Pakete +entfernen}"< ist im Wesentlichen identisch: +\begin{itemize} +\item Wählen Sie im ersten Abschnitt Ihr Laufwerk mit dem Installationsmedium + aus (bzw. \path|<laufwerk>:\texlive| von der DVD). +\item Klicken Sie auf die Schaltfläche ">\guiseq{Suchen/Search}"<, um im + Abschnitt ">\guiseq{Auswahl der zu \dots{} Pakete/Select packages + to\dots}"< die Liste der zu (de)installierenden Pakete zu aktualisieren. + + Wenn Sie Pakete hinzufügen wollen, wird die Liste der bereits installierten + Pakete mit den auf der CD/DVD vorhandenen Pakete abgeglichen. Es werden nur + die Pakete angezeigt, die noch nicht installiert wurden, aus denen Sie + dann Ihre Auswahl treffen können. + + Wenn Sie Pakete entfernen wollen, werden nur die tatsächlich installierten + Pakete zur Deinstallation angeboten. + + Beachten Sie, dass in der Auswahlliste zuerst komplette Kollektionen + (Collections) erscheinen. + +\item Wählen Sie die zu (de)installierenden Pakete aus. Durch Auswahl von + \guiseq{Info} erhalten Sie jeweils kurze Informationen zum ausgewählten + Paket. Zur Auswahl mehrerer Pakete halten Sie bei der Auswahl die + Control- bzw. Strg-Taste oder die Shift-Taste gedrückt. + +\item Klicken Sie auf \guiseq{Installieren} bzw. \guiseq{Entfernen}, um die + (De)Installation durchzuführen. +\end{itemize} + +\subsubsection{Konfiguration und Verwaltung} + +Die Funktionen im Bereich ">\guiseq{Installation bearbeiten/Manage the +installation}"< sind hilfreich, wenn Sie die Unterstützung für weitere +Sprachen hinzufügen möchten, die Sie bei der Installation nicht ausgewählt +hatten. Weiterhin können Sie die \TeX-Formate neu generieren, sei es, weil +Sie sie noch nicht installiert hatten oder Sie Änderungen an Ihrem System +vorgenommen haben, die eine Neugenerierung der Formate erfordern (z.\,B. die +Installation weiterer Trennmuster). + +\subsubsection{Deinstallation von \TL} + +Die Schaltfäche ">\guiseq{Installation entfernen/Remove the installation}"< +öffnet ein Fenster, dessen Funktionalität wir hier nicht näher beschreiben +wollen, da wir nicht wissen, warum man dies tun sollte \dots + +Beachten Sie, dass eine Deinstallation einen lokalen texmf-Baum unter +\path|texmf-local| nicht betrifft. Sie brauchen also keine Sorgen zu haben, +dass Ihre lokalen Ergänzungen auf einmal verschwinden. Das Verzeichnis +\path|setup-win32|, in dem sich das Installationsprogramm \cmdname{tlpmgui} +und davon benötigte Dateien befinden, wird ebenfalls nicht gelöscht und +muss von Ihnen für eine restlose Deinstallation manuell gelöscht werden. + +\subsection{Hinzufügen eigener Pakete zur existierenden Installation} + +Das Hinzufügen eigener Pakete zur Installation setzt etwas Detail\-kenntnis +voraus. Ein häufig auftretendes Problem ist, dass Sie niemals vergessen +dürfen, nach eigenen Änderungen die Datei-Datenbank (die aus Gründen, die +aus der \acro{UNIX}-Welt stammen, \texttt{ls-R} heißt) aufzufrischen. +Ansonsten werden Ihre neuen Dateien nicht gefunden! Sie können dies entweder +mit \cmdname{tlpmgui} durch die entsprechende Schaltfläche im Bereich +">\guiseq{Installation bearbeiten}"< oder durch direktes Aufrufen von +\file{mktexlsr} tun. + +Wenn Sie Pakete hinzufügen wollen, die nicht zur \TL-Distribution gehören, +sind diese im \path|texmf-local|-Baum am Besten aufgehoben. Dort sind +Ihre Dateien vor einem Upgrade oder einer Deinstallation von \TL{} sicher. + +Das Verzeichnis \path|texmf-local| ist zunächst leer. Wenn Sie dort neue +Dateien hinzufügen wollen, müssen diese innerhalb dieses Baumes so abgelegtgq +werden, dass es der standardisierten \TeX-Verzeichnisstruktur TDS entspricht. +Wollen Sie also z.\,B. Style-Dateien für das Mathematik-Programm Maple +hinzufügen, sind diese unter +\path|c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-local\tex\latex\maple| und die zugehörige +Dokumentation unter \path|c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-local\doc\latex\maple| gut +aufgehoben. + +\subsection{Benutzung von \texttt{tlmp.exe} in der Kommandozeile} + +Das Programm \cmdname{tlpm.exe}, das von \cmdname{tlpmgui} im Hintergrund +benutzt wird, enthält einige weitere nützliche Optionen. Einen Überblick +erhalten Sie durch den Aufruf +\begin{verbatim} + tlpm --help +\end{verbatim} + +Weitere Informationen finden Sie auf englisch in der Datei \path|tlpm.readme|. + +\subsection{Installation im Netzwerk} +\KPS{} unterstützt inzwischen die von Windows verwendeten UNC-Namen, so +dass Sie Ihren texmf-Baum auch über das Netzwerk verwenden können. + +Im folgenden beschreiben wir den Fall, dass Sie ein Multiplattform-System +über das Netzwerk zugänglich machen wollen. + +Alle Dateien einer \TL-Installation außer den Programmen in den +\path|bin|-Verzeichnissen sind von der Betriebssystem"=Plattform unabhängig, +so dass es möglich ist, dass über Samba ein Windows-Client eine +\TL-Installation von einem \acro{UNIX}-Server oder ein \acro{UNIX}-Rechner +auf einen Windows-Server zugreift. Hierbei sind mehrere Szenarien denkbar: +\begin{itemize} +\item Komplettinstallation auf einem Server. Hier müssen Sie unterhalb des + \path|bin|-Verzeichnisses die ausführbaren Programme für die gewünschten + Plattformen installieren, also z.\,B. \path|bin/win32| und + \path|bin/i386-linux|. Anschließend müssen Sie Ihren Pfad und die + Umgebungsvariablen konfigurieren. Für Windows können Sie UNC-Namen benutzen. +\item Lokale Kopie der ausführbaren Programme und der \TeX-Formate. In diesem + Fall müssen Sie die Umgebungsvariable \verb|$TEXMFMAIN| auf den globalen + texmf-Baum zeigen lassen, der auf dem Server liegt. Setzen Sie die + Variable \verb|$TEXMFVAR| auf ein lokales Verzeichnis, in dem Sie die + Konfigurationsdateien und automatisch generierte Dateien ablegen können. +\end{itemize} + + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Win32-Unterschiede zum Standard-\Webc} + +Die Win32-Version von {\Webc} hat einige spezifische Eigenschaften, +die hier näher erklärt werden. + +\begin{description} +\item[{\KPS}:]\mbox{}\\ + Die von {\KPS} aufgebauten Hash-Tabellen sind bei {\TL} + sehr groß. Um die Startzeit für jedes Programm, das {\KPS} + benutzt, zu verkürzen, wurden diese Hash-Tabellen in das + ">Shared Memory"< gelegt. Dadurch kann der Overhead, der beim + zyklischen Aufruf von Programmen auftritt, wenn \file{tex} + beispielsweise \file{mpost} aufruft, das wiederum \file{tex} + ruft, vermindert werden. Diese Änderung wird vor dem Benutzer + versteckt, außer wenn das Debug-Flag bei \cmdname{kpathsea} + auf \file{-1} gesetzt wird. Dann wird der Zugriff zum + Shared-Memory aufgezeichnet, was sicherlich nicht das ist, + was Sie wollen (es wird nämlich \textbf{sehr} häufig angesprochen!). + Die wirklich erforderlichen Trace-Daten für den Zugriff auf + das Shared-Memory müssen noch definiert werden; dies ist + sicherlich eine Aufgabe für die Zukunft. +\item[\cmdname{kpsecheck}:]\mbox{}\\ + Dieses Kommando bietet einige Optionen, die nicht zu den Aufgaben + von \cmdname{kpsewhich} gehören und deshalb auch dort schlecht passen. + Mit \cmdname{kpsecheck} können Sie alle Dateinamen auf"|listen, die + mehrfach in verschiedenen Zweigen des \OnCD{texmf}-Baums auftreten. + Dies ist bei der Dateisuche sehr praktisch; die meiste Zeit werden Sie + allerdings unerwünschte Angaben bekommen, beispielsweise von dutzendweise + vertretenen \file{README}-Dateien. Es bleibt festzustellen, + dass alle diese Dateien zu Problemen beim \KPS"=Hash"=Mechanismus + führen; glücklicherweise wird nach diesen Dateien nie gesucht. + Deshalb kann die Option \mbox{\file{-multiple-occurrences}} mit zwei + weiteren Optionen zum Ein- oder Ausschluss von Dateinamen, die + einem bestimmtem Muster entsprechen, kombiniert werden. Es können + mehrere Muster angegeben werden. + + Das Kommando \cmdname{kpsecheck} gibt auch Auskunft über den Status + des Shared-Memories: ">in~use"< oder ">not~used"< (">in Benutzung"< oder + ">nicht benutzt"<). Das kann von Nutzen sein, da ein Aufruf von + \cmdname{mktexlsr} so lange nicht ausgeführt wird, wie noch ein + Prozess das Memory nutzt und der Status somit als ">in~use"< + angegeben wird. + + Mit diesem Kommando kann auch das Installationsverzeichnis von + \cmdname{Ghostscript} festgestellt werden. Für viele Programme + unter Win32 ist es einfacher, die \cmdname{Ghostscript}-DLL zu benutzen + und mittels des Registry-Keys von \cmdname{Ghostscript} das Verzeichnis + zu finden, als den \file{PATH} zu ändern (der sowieso eine begrenzte + Länge hat). + +\item[\Webc:]\mbox{}\\ + Die \TeX-Engines unter Windows besitzen gegenüber der \Webc-Standardversion + einige zusätzliche Optionen; + zudem hat eine Option ein anderen Verhalten: + \begin{itemize} +%% \item das Verhalten der \file{-fmt}-Option unterscheidet sich +%% vom Standard. Früher und mit der Standardversion von {\Webc} +%% hat diese Option zwei unterschiedliche Bedeutungen, je nachdem, +%% ob sie in ">ini"<"= oder ">vir"<"=Modus benutzt wird. +%% Unter Windows gibt es keinen Unterschied: Es wird immer das +%% angegebene Format geladen. Um die Bedeutung im ">ini"<"=Modus +%% zu erhalten, wurde die Option ">\optname{-job-name}"< eingeführt. +%% \item \file{-job-name}\mbox{\ }\newline +%% erlaubt die Bestimmung des Dateinamens als Ergebnis eines +%% Compiler-Laufs. Im normalen Modus ändert dies den Basisnamen +%% aller erzeugten Dateien (\file{.dvi}, \file{.aux}, usw.), +%% während im ">ini"<"=Modus der Name der Format-Datei festgelegt +%% wird. + \item \optname{-halt-on-error}\mbox{\ }\newline + Stoppt die Übersetzung nach dem Auftreten des ersten Fehlers. + \item \optname{-job-time}\mbox{\ }\newline + Setzt die ">job~time"< auf die Zeit, die die Datei im Argument + trägt. + \item \optname{-oem}\mbox{\ }\newline + Benutzt die \acro{DOS}-Codepage für alle Konsol-Ausgaben. + \item \optname{-output-directory}\mbox{\ }\newline + Alle Ausgabedateien werden in das angegebene Verzeichnis + geschrieben. + \item \optname{-time-statistics}\mbox{\ }\newline + Ausgabe der Job-Statistik: Da Windows\,9x kein echtes + Multi"~Tasking-Betriebssystem ist, besitzt es keinen Timer für + kurze Zeitabläufe. Die ausgegebenen Zeiten sind daher + Annäherungen. Unter {\NT}/Windows\,2000 und {\XP} sind die + angegebenen Zeiten für Usertime und Systemtime recht genau. + Hinweis für \acro{UNIX}-Benutzer: Das Kommando \cmdname{time} + steht Windows-Benutzern nicht zur Verfügung. + \end{itemize} +\end{description} + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Persönliche Konfiguration} + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{\dvips} + +Die Konfigurationsdatei für {\dvips} ist so eingestellt, dass die \TypeI"=Fonts +genutzt werden. Anpassungen sind notwendig, falls stan"-dard"-mä"-ßig eine andere +Papiergröße als DIN\,A4 verwendet werden soll. + +Öffnen Sie die Datei |c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-var\dvips\config\config.ps| +mit einem Editor. + +\begin{description} +\item[Fonts:]\mbox{}\\ + Sie können damit die Voreinstellungen für den \MF-Drucker-Modus und die Drucker"-auf"|lö"-sung ändern. Das könnte + dann erforderlich sein, wenn {\dvips} \acro{PK}-Dateien generieren müsste. In der Voreinstellung ist {\dvips} so + konfiguriert, dass die \TypeI-Versionen der CM-Fonts benutzt werden. \cmdname{mktexpk} sollte deshalb nicht allzu + oft gerufen werden. +\item[Printer:]\mbox{}\\ + Sie können einen Standarddrucker einrichten. + Steht die Option \samp{o} ohne weitere Zeichen allein + auf der Zeile, wird ein \file{.ps}-File geschrieben. + Sie können nun \cmdname{dvips} Druckernamen in folgender + Weise vorgeben:\\ + \hspace*{1em} \optname{o lpt1:} \\ + \hspace*{1em} \verb+% o | lpr -S server -P myprinter+ \\ + \hspace*{1em} \verb+% o \\server\myprinter+ +\item[Paper:]\mbox{}\\ + Für die Änderung der Standard-Papiergröße von DIN\,A4 auf + beispielsweise ">US letter"<, müssen Sie dafür sorgen, + dass ">US letter"< die erste in der Datei aufgeführte + Papiergröße ist. Suchen Sie den Block mit Zeilen, + die mit \samp{@} beginnen. Verschieben Sie die + folgenden Zeilen an den Beginn dieses Blocks:\\ + \hspace*{1em} \optname{@ letterSize 8.5in 11in} \\ + \hspace*{1em} \optname{@ letter 8.5in 11in} \\ + \hspace*{1em} \optname{@+ \%\%BeginPaperSize: Letter} \\ + \hspace*{1em} \optname{@+ letter} \\ + \hspace*{1em} \optname{@+ \%\%EndPaperSize} +\end{description} + +Speichern Sie die Einstellungen. + +Die aktuelle \TL-Distribution enthält Mechanismen, die dafür sorgen, dass die +Font"~Map-Dateien für {\dvips} und {\pdfTeX} immer auf den neuesten Stand +gehalten werden. Das geschieht während der \TeX-Installation wie auch bei der +Installation neuer Pakete durch das Programm \cmdname{updmap}. Sollten Sie +ein neues Paket per Hand installieren, müssen Sie die Datei \file{updmap.cfg} +in \verb|$TEXMFVAR/web2c| entsprechend editieren. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{\pdfTeX} + +Wenn Sie {\pdfTeX} oder {\pdfLaTeX} benutzen, um direkt \pdf-Dateien zu +erzeugen und nicht das standardmäßige Papierformat DIN\,A4 benutzen wollen, +müssen Sie in der Konfigurationsdatei +|c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-var\tex\generic\config\pdftexconfig.tex| die +Anweisungen \samp{\bs pdfpagewidth} und \samp{\bs pdfpageheight} entsprechend +ändern. + +Die Anweisungen heißen jetzt: + +\begin{alltt} + \bs{}pdfpagewidth=8.5 true in + \bs{}pdfpageheight=11 true in +\end{alltt} + +Speichern Sie die Datei und verlassen den Editor. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{\cmdname{GSView}} + +\cmdname{GSView} unterliegt jetzt der Aladdin-Lizenz und kann deshalb nicht +mehr mit {\TL} verteilt werden. Sie können es aber jederzeit von einem der +\acro{CTAN}-Server laden (im Verzeichnis +\href{ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/nonfree/support/ghostscript/ghostgum/}{\texttt{nonfree/support/ghostscript/ghostgum}}). + +In \cmdname{GSView} können Sie das Papier-Standardformat über die Menü-Option +\textbf{Formate} festlegen. Wählen Sie hier das gewünschte Format aus +der Liste, beispielsweise \textbf{A5}. + +Beachten Sie die Menü-Optionen, die Ihnen erlauben, eine optimale +Bildschirmanzeige einzustellen: + +Wählen Sie \textbf{Formate} \OptPl \textbf{Anzeige Einstellungen...} +und setzen Sie:\\ + \begin{tabular}{@{}ll} + \hspace*{1em} \textbf{Text Alpha} & \texttt{4 bits} \\ + \hspace*{1em} \textbf{Graphik Alpha} & \texttt{4 bits} \\ + \end{tabular}\\ + +Hierfür muss die Option \textbf{Farbtiefe} gegebenenfalls auf +\textbf{8} oder \textbf{24}\,Bits/Pixel eingestellt werden. + +Damit alle diese Einstellungen erhalten bleiben, wählen Sie +\textbf{Optionen} \OptPl \textbf{Speichere Optionen jetzt}. +Beachten Sie, dass beim Installationsprozess alle \file{.ps}- und +\texttt{.eps}-Dateien mit \cmdname{GSView} assoziiert wurden. Über das +Drucken eines Dokuments finden Sie Informationen im Abschnitt~\ref{printing}. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{\cmdname{Windvi}}\label{sub:windvi} + +Das Programm \file{tlpmgui.exe} nimmt eine Assoziation von +\file{.dvi}-Dateien mit \file{Windvi} vor. Sie können daher einfach auf +\dvi-Dateien doppelklicken, und \cmdname{Windvi} sollte starten. Sie können +\cmdname{windvi} natürlich auch von der Kommandozeile starten oder sich eine +Verknüpfung auf \cmdname{windvi} auf den Desktop legen. + +In \cmdname{Windvi} kann das gewünschte Papierformat aus einer Vielzahl +von Formaten über \textbf{View} \OptPl \textbf{Options} und dann in einer +Liste unter \samp{Paper~type} gewählt werden. Querformate sind an einem +angehängten \textbf{r} erkennbar, z.\,B. \textbf{a4r}. Mit \textbf{OK} +werden die Einstellungen gesichert. + +Falls Sie nach dem passenden \MF-Modus für die Auf"|lösung Ihres Druckers +suchen, sollten Sie in |c:\Programme\TeXLive\texmf-dist\metafont\misc\modes.mf| +nachlesen. + +Alle Konfigurationseinstellungen von \cmdname{Windvi} werden in +\dirname{\$HOME/windvi.cnf} gespeichert. Sie können diese +mit folgendem Befehl finden: + +\begin{alltt} +c:\bs> \Ucom{kpsewhich --expand-var \$HOME/windvi.cnf} +\end{alltt} + +Falls Sie Probleme mit \cmdname{Windvi} haben, empfiehlt es sich, +die Konfigurationsdatei zu löschen und zu prüfen, ob der gleiche +Fehler auch mit der Standardkonfiguration auftritt. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Installation testen} + +Im Abschnitt~\ref{sec:test-install} auf Seite~\pageref{sec:test-install} +wurde eine generelle Methode zum Test einer Installation beschrieben; +die Ausführungen hier beleuchten die Windows-spezifischen Tests. + +In Ihrem Editor öffnen Sie bitte die Datei \file{sample2e.tex}, die Sie unter +|c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-dist\tex\latex\base\| finden können. +Die \LaTeX-Quelle sollte nach dem Öffnen der Datei auf dem Bildschirm +angezeigt werden. Durch Anklicken des \LaTeX-Symbols in der Menü-Leiste +wird die Datei übersetzt; bei Wahl des Preview-Symbols (\cmdname{Windvi}) +wird sie dargestellt. +Beim ersten ">Preview"< einer Datei mit \cmdname{Windvi} werden alle +benötigten Fonts erzeugt; sie wurden nicht mitinstalliert. Mit der +Zeit werden Sie das Fenster, das die Font"=Generierung anzeigt, +immer seltener sehen. +Als nächstes sollten Sie {\dvips} anklicken und \cmdname{GSView} +ausprobieren. + +\textbf{Hinweis für später:} Wenn ein \LaTeX-Lauf mit einer Fehlermeldung +unterbricht, weil eine Datei nicht gefunden wird, können Sie mit +\textbf{Ctrl-z} einen Abbruch erzwingen. Überprüfen Sie anhand der +Protokolldatei, welche Datei nicht zu finden war und beheben Sie den Fehler. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Drucken}\label{printing} + +Es ist grundsätzlich möglich, aus \cmdname{Windvi} heraus zu drucken. +Wird dabei der Standard-Windows-Druckertreiber benutzt, hat dies +den Vorteil, dass eine Ausgabe auf allen Druckern möglich ist und +Sie \file{BMP}- oder \file{WMF}-Bilddateien einbinden und drucken +können. Nachteil ist, dass teilweise extrem große Druckdateien +erzeugt werden. Sie müssen sicherstellen, dass die Druckparameter +korrekt eingestellt sind (siehe Abschnitt~\vref{sub:windvi}), +sonst erhalten Sie eine skalierte Ausgabe der Druckseite. So wird +bei einer Drucker"-auf"|lö"-sung von 300\,dpi eine 600-dpi-Druckausgabe +nur ein Viertel der Seite zeigen. + +Im Allgemeinen ist es allerdings schneller und für den Produktionszyklus +beim Einbinden von \file{eps}-Graphiken schneller und sicherer, {\dvips} zu +benutzen. Sie erstellen eine \file{.ps}-Datei und drucken mit \cmdname{GSView}. +Einen Ausdruck können Sie in \cmdname{GSView} über das Drucker-Symbol oder +durch Wahl von \textbf{Datei} \OptPl \textbf{Drucken...} anstoßen. Es +wird dann ein Fenster für die weiteren Druckparameter geöffnet. + +Bei der Benutzung eines \PS-Druckers müssen Sie sicherstellen, +dass Sie die Option \textbf{\PS~Drucker} angewählt haben. +Ab \cmdname{GSView}-Version~3.6 erfolgt dies in dem Feld +\samp{Druckmethode} unten links im Fenster \textbf{Drucken}. +Dann können Sie im Feld \samp{Drucker} jeden installierten +\PS-fähigen Drucker auswählen. Wenn Sie vergessen sollten, +\textbf{\PS-Drucker} als \samp{Druckmethode} zu wählen, +wird das Ausdrucken nicht funktionieren. + +Benutzen Sie hingegen einen \textbf{nicht}-\PS-fähigen Drucker, +wählen Sie im Feld \samp{Druckmethode} stattdessen die Option +\textbf{\cmdname{Ghostscript} Treiber} und klicken den mit \textbf{djet500} +beschrifteten Knopf. Hier wählen Sie Ihren Drucker im Dialog +\textbf{Wähle Ghostscript-Gerät} aus. +(In älteren \cmdname{GSView}-Versionen müssen Sie das Feld +\samp{\PS-Drucker} abwählen und dann Ihren Drucker aus +der \textbf{Geräte-Liste} wählen.) + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Tipps und Tricks für Win32-Plattformen} + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Die feinen Unterschiede bei Win32} + +Was wir als Win32 bezeichnen, ist im Grunde kein eigenständiges +Betriebssystem. Es ist ein sehr großer Satz von Funktionen% +\footnote{Die Headerfiles der Microsoft-\acro{SDK} enthalten rund 12\,000\,Funktionen!}, +den man benutzen kann, um Programme für unterschiedliche +Betriebssysteme der Windows-Familie zu schreiben. + +Windows kommt in unterschiedlichen Ausprägungen: + +\begin{itemize} +\item Windows\,95, Windows\,98 und {\ME} stellen \emph{keine echten Multi"~Tasking- + oder Multi-Threading}-Systeme dar. Sie sind (hoffentlich) + die letzte \acro{DOS}-Metamorphose. Dies kann man mehr oder minder leicht + in der Boot-Phase überprüfen. Hat der PC \file{command.com} geladen + und man unterbricht die weitere Boot-Folge und fragt nach der + aktuellen (\acro{DOS}-)Version, so erhält man (zumindest bei älteren + Versionen von Windows\,9x) die Angabe: \samp{MS-DOS~7.0}. +\item \NT, ein komplett neu geschriebenes Betriebssystem mit + echten Multi"~Tasking"=Eigenschaften und vielen ">high~level~features"< +\item Windows\,2000, entwickelt auf der Basis von \NT, mit allen + Schikanen von Windows\,98 +\item \XP, in den Geschmacksrichtungen \emph{Personal} und \emph{Pro}, + ist der letzte Schritt auf dem Weg, die beiden Entwicklungslinien + Windows\,9x und {\NT} zusammenzuführen. {\XP} wurde auf der + Basis von {\NT} entwickelt. +\end{itemize} + +Windows\,9x ist in der Lage, 32"~Bit- und 16"~Bit-Programme gleichzeitig +auszuführen. Das Betriebssystem ist allerdings nicht vollständig im +32"~Bit-Modus geschrieben und unterstützt daher keinen Speicherschutz. +16"~Bit-Applikationen können so Teile des Betriebssystemspeichers +überschreiben! Einige Systemteile, wie beispielsweise das \cmdname{GDI} +(Graphical Device Interface), müssen beschränkte Ressourcen wie Bitmaps, +Fonts usw. für alle gleichzeitig laufenden Programme verwalten. Die +Gesamtgröße aller Bitmap-Header, die zu einem Zeitpunkt verfügbar ist, +beträgt maximal 64\,KB. Dies erklärt die Rolle von ">Performance~Tools"< +und auch, warum Sie die Stabilität Ihres Systems auf die Probe stellen, +wenn Sie intensiven Gebrauch von graphischen Objekten machen. + +\NT/""{\XP} und Windows\,2000 leiden weder unter diesen, noch unter +anderen Windows"~9x"=Beschränkungen. Sie sind echte Multi"~Tasking-Systeme mit +Speicherschutz-Me"-cha"-nis"-men. Durch besseres Design bei Speicherverwaltung, +Dateisystem usw. haben sie zudem ein wesentlich besseres Antwortverhalten. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Kommandointerpreter} + +Sie haben sich sicherlich schon gefragt, ">Warum sollte ich etwas über +die Kommandozeile eingeben, wenn ich Windows benutze?"<. + +Gute Frage. Dies ist mehr ein grundsätzliches Problem, da mit einer +graphischen Benutzerschnittstelle (\acro{GUI}) nicht immer alle Arbeitsschritte +einfach zu erledigen sind. Der Kommandointerpreter eröffnet hier +häufig -- einen intelligenten Kommandointerpreter vorausgesetzt -- mehr Möglichkeiten. + +In unserem Fall handelt es sich aber um ein fundamentales Problem: +{\TeX} ist ein \emph{Batch}-Tool und kein interaktives Programm. +{\TeX} errechnet das beste Layout für jede Seite, löst die Referenzen +auf, usw. Hierfür ist die Gesamtbearbeitung des Dokuments immer noch +die einfachste Methode. Bislang macht eine interaktive Bearbeitung +der Eingabe (noch) keinen Sinn. + +Das bedeutet also, dass Sie {\TeX} auf der Kommandozeile benutzen +sollten. Im Grunde ist die Situation sogar so, dass diese Programme +für komplexe Verarbeitungsvorgänge besser geeignet sind, da es leichter +ist, ein Programm ohne die Verkopplung mit einer graphischen +Benutzerschnittstelle zu testen und Fehler zu finden. Es ist +dann auch einfacher, ein \acro{GUI} zur Bedienung dieses Programms +zu entwickeln. Und dies ist genau der Fall für {\TeX}, mit dem +Sie in den allermeisten Fällen über eine Shell oder einen +\acro{GUI}-Editor in Kontakt treten. + +Manchmal benötigen Sie aber den Kommandointerpreter dazu, um +Probleme zu lösen oder um Fehler in Ihrem Setup aufzuspüren +(siehe Abschnitt~\ref{sec:troubleshooting}). + +\begin{description} + \item[Windows\,9x:]\mbox{}\\ + Sie starten den Kommandointerpreter entweder im + \textbf{Start}-Menü \OptPl \textbf{Programme} und + suchen die Option \cmdname{MS-DOS-Eingabeauf"|forderung} + oder mit \textbf{Start}-Menü \OptPl \textbf{Ausführen} + und tippen ">\file{command.com}"<. + \item[{\NT}, Windows\,2000 und \XP:]\mbox{}\\ + Sie finden den Kommandointerpreter im + \textbf{Start}-Menü unter \textbf{Accessories}.% + \footnote{Dies kann je nach Version des Betriebssystems + unterschiedlich sein. In der deutschsprachigen Version + von Windows heißt diese Programmgruppe meistens ">Zubehör"<.} + Sie starten ihn allerdings auch im \textbf{Start}-Menü + \OptPl \textbf{Ausführen} durch ">\file{cmd.exe}"< + (so heißt der nagelneue Kommandointerpreter für + {\NT}).\footnote{Was auch erklärt, warum es unwahr + ist, ihn unter {\NT} als \emph{\acro{DOS}}-Box zu bezeichnen.} +\end{description} + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Verzeichnistrenner} + +Die Win32-API versteht sowohl \samp{/} als auch ">|\|"< +als Verzeichnistrenner. Die Kommandointerpreter aber leider nicht! +Sie können also immer dann beide Trenner benutzen, sogar gemischt +innerhalb eines Pfads, wenn Sie \emph{nicht} auf der Kommandozeile +arbeiten. +Der Kommandointerpreter spielt hier nicht mit, da er das Zeichen +\samp{/} benutzt, um Argumente von Kommandos zu trennen. + +Sie sollten also nicht überrascht sein, wenn Sie Pfad- und +Verzeichnisnamen in der \acro{UNIX}"=Schreibweise sehen. \fpTeX ist eine +Portierung von {\Webc} und zielt auf Kompatibilität über die Plattformen. +Deshalb enthalten alle Konfigurationsdateien die Pfadnamen in +\acro{UNIX}-Schreibweise. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Dateisysteme}\label{sec:clusters} + +Das schwächste Glied bei Windows\,9x in Bezug auf {\TeX} ist +sicherlich das sogenannte \acro{FAT}- oder \acro{FAT16}-Dateisystem. +{\TeX} benutzt eine Vielzahl sehr kleiner Dateien, meist mit +Größen zwischen 1\, und 3\,KB. Das \acro{FAT}-Dateisystem +ist veraltet; es stammt aus einer Zeit, als Gigabyte-Platten +noch unbekannt waren. Deshalb kann es mit den Zehntausenden von Dateien +des \TL-Systems nicht effizient umgehen. Im \acro{FAT}-Dateisystem +werden auf großen Partitionen im Minimum 32\,KB für +\emph{jede} Datei angelegt. Damit ist klar, dass {\TeX} auf +diese Weise wesentlich mehr Plattenplatz verbraucht als +notwendig wäre. + +Die moderneren Windows-Dateisysteme, wie \acro{FAT32} oder \acro{NTFS}, +haben diesen Nachteil nicht. Hier betragen die sogenannten +Cluster-Größen 4\,KB.% +\footnote{Unter \acro{NTFS} kann dies bis auf 512\,Byte gesenkt werden.} + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{\envname{PATH} um Verzeichnis(se) erweitern} + +Jedes Programm erhält bei seinem Start eine Kopie der +Standardumgebung. Dies ist eine Sammlung von Variablen mit +zugehörigen Schlüsselwerten. Diese Variablen stehen unter +der ausschließlichen Kontrolle des Programms; Änderungen +an Schlüsseln oder Schlüsselwerten sind für andere Programme +nicht sichtbar. + +Die Umgebungsvariable \envname{PATH} dient der Suche nach +Programmen. Es existieren unterschiedliche Vorgehensweisen +zur Änderung dieser Variablen für die verschiedenen +Windows-Varianten: + +\begin{description} +\item[Windows\,95/98:]\mbox{}\\ + Laden Sie die Datei \file{autoexec.bat} in den Editor + und suchen nach einer Zeile, die mit \samp{PATH=} + beginnt. Nach dem \samp{=} folgt eine Liste von + Verzeichnissen, die durch \samp{;} getrennt sind. + Fügen Sie das Verzeichnis mit den \TL-Programmen + an. Danach könnte die Zeile wie folgt aussehen: + + |PATH=c:\windows;c:\windows\system;c:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32| + +\item[\ME:]\mbox{}\\ + Um eine Umgebungsvariable zu ändern, müssen Sie + das Programm + + |c:\windows\system\msconfig.exe| + + laufen lassen. Wählen Sie nach dem Start dieses Programms + ">\cmdname{Umgebung}"<, dann tragen Sie die Variable + \texttt{PATH} mit ihrem Wert ein oder ändern ihn: + + |PATH c:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32| + + Danach werden Sie aufgefordert, Ihren Rechner neu zu starten. + +\item[\NT/Windows\,2000:]\mbox{}\\ + Gehen Sie über \textbf{Start}-Menü \OptPl \textbf{Einstellungen} + \OptPl \textbf{Systemsteuerung} \OptPl \textbf{System}. + Wählen Sie \textbf{Umgebung}. Die weiteren Schritte finden Sie + unter \XP. + +\item[\XP:]\mbox{}\\ + Gehen Sie über \textbf{Start}-Menü \OptPl \textbf{Systemsteuerung} + \OptPl \textbf{System} \OptPl \textbf{Erweitert}. + Wählen Sie unten links \textbf{Umgebungsvariablen}. + + Sie können nun als Benutzer die Umgebungsvariablen + ändern. Es werden Ihnen aber auch Variablen + für das System angezeigt. Im Normalfall können Sie keine + System-Variablen ändern, es sei denn, Sie besitzen für den + Rechner auch Administrator-Rechte. Möchten Sie \envname{PATH} + für alle Benutzer ändern, müssen Sie mit Ihrem Systembetreuer + Kontakt aufnehmen; sind Sie selbst Systembetreuer, sollten + Sie Bescheid wissen. + + Existiert bereits eine Einstellung für \envname{PATH} für Sie, + klicken Sie mit der linken Maustaste auf \envname{PATH}. Im + Feld \textsf{Variable} erscheint dann \envname{PATH}, das Feld + \textsf{Wert} zeigt den aktuellen Inhalt als Liste von + Verzeichnissen, die mit \samp{;} getrennt sind. Fügen Sie + das Verzeichnis mit den \TL-Programmen an: + + |c:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32| + + Existiert für Sie keine Variable mit Namen \envname{PATH}, müssen Sie + in das Feld \textsf{Variable} klicken und \envname{PATH} + eintragen. Dann wählen Sie das Feld \textsf{Wert} an und + tragen das gewünschte Verzeichnis ein. + + \textbf{Wichtig}: Klicken Sie zuerst \samp{Übernehmen} an, + bevor Sie mit \samp{Ok} bestätigen. Anderenfalls + werden die Änderungen an \envname{PATH} nicht für Ihr System + übernommen. Seien Sie vorsichtig beim Ändern der Umgebung! +\end{description} + +Zur Überprüfung, ob die Variable gesetzt wurde, ist es am +besten, ein Kommandointerpreter-Fenster zu öffnen und dort einzugeben: + + ~~~~\code{set} \var{variable} + +Sie erhalten dann den zugewiesenen Wert angezeigt. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{{\TeX}-Engines} + +Wenn Sie die \Webc-Dokumentation aufmerksam lesen, werden Sie +feststellen, dass immer davon geschrieben wird, dass alle auf +{\TeX} basierenden Programme die gleiche ">Base-Engine"< +benutzen. So sind zum Beispiel \file{tex.exe} und \file{latex.exe} +Kopien des gleichen Programms; jedes benötigt aber seine eigene +Format-Datei basierend auf dem Programmnamen. + +Unter \acro{UNIX} wird dies durch sogenannte \emph{symbolische Links} erreicht. +Das spart Plattenplatz, da einige Base-Engines mit sehr vielen +unterschiedlichen Format-Dateien genutzt werden. + +%\enlargethispage{-\baselineskip} +Die Win32-API kennt keine symbolischen Links. Um also annähernd die +gleiche Ersparnis zu erreichen, wurden die \TeX-Base-Engines +in sogenannten DLLs (\emph{Dynamic Linked Library}) realisiert. +Das heißt, man sieht folgende Verteilung: + +\begin{alltt} +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 latex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 pdfetex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 524 288 tl90pdfetex.dll +\end{alltt} + +\file{latex.exe} ist eine Kopie von \file{pdfetex.exe}, die den +selben Kern \file{tl90pdfetex.dll} nutzt. Der gleiche Trick wurde +für die acht Mitglieder der \file{mktex*.exe}-Programmfamilie +benutzt, die auf die Bibliothek \file{mktex.dll} ">gelinkt"< sind. + +Das \TL-System enthält das Programm \file{irun.exe}, mit +dem für Win32-Binärprogramme das \acro{UNIX}-Äquivalent der sogenannten +\emph{hard~links} eingerichtet werden kann. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Problemfälle}\label{sec:troubleshooting} + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Was ist zu tun, wenn {\LaTeX} Ihre Dateien nicht findet?} + +\begin{itemize} +\item Bei diesen Problemen heißt das Werkzeug der Wahl \cmdname{kpsewhich}. + Leider gibt \cmdname{kpsewhich} seine Ausgaben auf \samp{stderr} + aus und das Fenster des Kommandointerpreters kennt keinen Weg + \samp{stderr} auf eine Datei umzulenken.% + \footnote{Ok, \NT/""{\XP} und Windows\,2000 haben dazu gelernt. Der + angegebene Trick funktioniert aber für alle + Systeme!} + Für Diagnosezwecke kann man im Kommandointerpreter die folgende + Umgebungsvariable definieren: + + | SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=err.log| + + Sie können auch die Debug-Schwelle einstellen: + + | SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG=-1| + +\item Falls Sie die Fehlerausgabe \samp{stderr} auf die Standardausgabe \samp{stdout} + umlegen wollen (unter Windows\,9x, \NT/""Windows\,2000/""{\XP} nicht möglich), hilft folgende + Vorgehensweise: + + | SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=con:| + + Damit können Fehler- und Standardausgaben in der gleichen Datei gesammelt werden. + +\item Überprüfen Sie die folgenden Werte (es wird hierbei angenommen, dass das + \TeX-System unter |c:/TeXLive2005| eingerichtet wurde): \\ + \begin{small} + \begin{tabular}{lp{6cm}} + \texttt{kpsewhich -expand-path \$SELFAUTOPARENT} + & |c:/TeXLive2005| \\ + \texttt{kpsewhich -expand-path \$TEXMF} + & |c:/TeXLive2005/texmf| \\ + \texttt{kpsewhich -expand-path \$TEXMFCNF} + & |.;c:/TeXLive2005/texmf-var/web2c;| \\ + \texttt{kpsewhich -expand-var \$TEXINPUTS} + & |.;c:/TeXLive2005/texmf/tex//| + \end{tabular} + \end{small} + +\item Falls Sie die Umgebungsvariablen für das \TeX-Umfeld anders gesetzt haben, + sollten Sie diese Eintragungen löschen. Offensichtlich werden die Einstellung + aus \file{texmf.cnf} überschrieben. + +\item Vergleichen Sie Ihre Ergebnisse mit folgenden Werten:\\ + \begin{small} + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \texttt{kpsewhich cmr10.tfm} & + \file{c:/TeXLive2005/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm}\\ + \texttt{kpsewhich latex.fmt}& + \file{c:/TeXLive2005/texmf/web2c/latex.fmt} + \end{tabular} + \end{small} + +\item Falls bis zu diesem Punkt alles übereinstimmte, sollten auch + \file{tex.exe} und Co. funktionieren. Ist dies nicht der Fall, + werden Sie sich intensiver mit der \cmdname{kpsewhich}-Option \optname{-debug=n} + beschäftigen und alle Werte + überprüfen müssen. Wenn Sie das Problem identifizieren können, + schicken Sie bitte einen Fehler-Report. +\end{itemize} + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Was ist zu tun, wenn das Setup nicht wie gewünscht funktioniert?} + +Es gibt einige Punkte, die Sie zuerst prüfen sollten: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Liegt \file{tex.exe} im definierten \envname{PATH}? +\item Wurde die Umgebungsvariable \envname{TEXMFCNF} auf + |c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-var\web2c| gesetzt + (eigene Einstellung beachten!)? +\item Wurden im Installationsprotokoll Fehler durch \file{tlpmgui.exe} + eingetragen? Die Datei \file{tlpmgui.log} befindet sich im + \file{TEMP}-Verzeichnis. Fehlermeldungen beginnen mit \samp{Error}. + Hinweis: Manchmal finden sich in der Log-Datei Fehlermeldungen vom + Versuch, alle Format-Dateien zu generieren. Keine Panik, wenn dies + Formate betrifft, die Sie gar nicht installiert haben. +\item Sie können im \acro{WWW}-Dokument \url{http://www.tug.org/tex-live/} + prüfen, ob ein Bug-Fix für das \TL-System vorliegt. +\end{enumerate} + +Die \TL-Software ist komplex und besteht aus Hunderten von Programmen +und Zehntausenden von Dateien aus verschiedenen Quellen. Es ist deshalb nicht +möglich, Antworten für alle Problemfälle vorzuhalten. Wir werden aber +unser Bestes tun, Ihnen bei allen Schwierigkeiten zu helfen. (Siehe Abschnitt~\ref{sec:help} auf +Seite~\pageref{sec:help}.) + +% ============================================================== +% don't use \Webc so the \uppercase in the headline works. +\section[Anleitung zum Web2C-System]{Anleitung zum \Webc-System} + +{\Webc} besteht aus einer Reihe von Programmen, die zusammen ein komplettes +\TeX-System darstellen. Dazu gehören natürlich \TeX, +\MF, \MP, {\BibTeX} usw. + +Die erste Implementierung eines \TeX-Systems +in der Programmiersprache C stammt von Tomas~Rokicki und datiert zurück in das +Jahr 1987. Rokicki benutzte als Basis sog. Change-Files unter \acro{UNIX}, die ursprünglich von +Howard~Trickey und Pavel~Curtis entwickelt wurden. Tim~Morgan hat dieses +System, für das der Name Web-to-C\@ eingeführt wurde, gepflegt. +1990 hat Karl~Berry mit Unterstützung vieler Helfer die Weiterentwicklung +übernommen und 1997 an Olaf~Weber weitergegeben. + +\Webc~7.5 läuft unter \acro{UNIX}, Windows\,3.1, Windows\,9x/""\ME/""\NT/""Windows\,2000/""\XP, +\acro{DOS} und auf weiteren Betriebssystemen. Es benutzt die +Original-Quelldateien von Donald E.~Knuth und weitere in der +Sprache {\web} entwickelte Programme als Basis und übersetzt diese +in C-Quell-Code. Darüber hinaus bietet das System viele Makros und +Funktionen zur Nutzung der originalen \TeX-Software. Hier eine +Liste der Basisprogramme eines \TeX-Systems: + +\begin{deflist}{\mdseries\cmdname{pooltype}} +%\renewcommand{\makelabel}[1]{\descriptionlabel{\mdseries\cmdname{#1}}} +\item[bibtex] Verwalten von Bibliographien +\item[dmp] \cmdname{troff}-nach-MPX-Konverter (\MP-Bilder) +\item[dvicopy] Umwandeln von virtuellen Zeichensätzen in DVI-Dateien +\item[dvitomp] DVI-nach-MPX-Konverter (\MP-Bilder) +\item[dvitype] Textanzeige aus DVI-Dateien +\item[gftodvi] Erzeugen von Prüfausgaben für Zeichensätze +\item[gftopk] Packen von Zeichensätzen +\item[gftype] Anzeige von Zeichensätzen als ASCII-Graphik +\item[makempx] Anzeige von \MP-Beschriftungen +\item[mf] Zeichensatzerzeugung +\item[mft] formatierte Ausgabe von \MF-Quellen +\item[mpost] \MF-ähnliches Grafikprogramm +\item[mpto] Extrahieren von \MP-Beschriftungen +\item[newer] Vergleich von Dateierstellungsdaten +\item[patgen] Erzeugen von Trennmustern +\item[pktogf] Entpacken von Zeichensätzen +\item[pktype] Anzeige gepackter Zeichensätze +\item[pltotf] Umwandeln von Property-Listen in \file{.tfm}-Dateien +\item[pooltype] Anzeige der Bildschirmtexte eines WEB-Programms +\item[tangle] Konverter {\web} nach Pascal +\item[tex] \TeX-Programm +\item[tftopl] Umwandeln einer \file{.tfm}-Datei in eine Property-Liste +\item[vftovp] Umwandeln eines virtuellen Zeichensatzes in eine Property-Liste +\item[vptovf] Umwandeln einer Property-Liste in einen virtuellen Zeichensatz +\item[weave] \web-Code als \TeX-Dokumentation +\end{deflist} + +Die genaue Funktionsweise und die möglichen Parameter sind der +Beschreibung der jeweiligen Pakete bzw. der \Webc-Dokumentation zu entnehmen. +Trotzdem wird ein Überblick über Zusammenspiel und Funktionsweise der +\Webc-Programme Ihnen sicherlich helfen, besser mit dem System zurechtzukommen. + +Zunächst verstehen alle Programme die grundlegenden Parameter der +\acro{GNU}-Software: + +\begin{deflist}{\texttt{-{}-version}} +\item[\texttt{-{}-help}] kurzer Hilfstext +\item[\texttt{-{}-verbose}] ausführliche Ausgaben beim Programmablauf +\item[\texttt{-{}-version}] Ausgabe der Versionsnummer +\end{deflist} + +Die Programme des \Webc-Systems benutzen zum Lokalisieren der benötigten +Dateien im Dateisystem die \KPS-Bibliothek. Diese Bibliothek optimiert und +beschleunigt den Suchprozess im Dateisystem. Ihre Arbeitsweise wird durch +einige Umgebungsvariablen und eine Kon"-fi"-gu"-ra"-tions"-da"-tei gesteuert. +\Webc~7.5 kann mehr als einen Dateibaum gleichzeitig verwalten und ermöglicht +somit die schon beschriebene \TL-Installation unter Verwendung der +{\CDROM} oder {\DVD} mit der Ablage modifizierter Konfigurationsdateien +und zusätzlicher Zeichensätze in einem zweiten Dateibaum. Die Suche +nach Dateien wird durch die Analyse der Datei \file{ls-R} beschleunigt, +die in jedem Wurzelverzeichnis eines \TeX-Dateibaums vorhanden ist. +Sie enthält für jede Datei die genaue Position im Dateibaum relativ +zum Wurzelverzeichnis. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection[Dateisuche mit der Kpathsea-Bibliothek]{Dateisuche mit der \protect\KPS-Bibliothek} + +Wir beschreiben zunächst den grundlegenden Suchmechanismus der \KPS-Bibliothek. + +Ein \emph{Suchpfad} ist eine durch Kommata oder Semikola getrennte Liste von +\emph{Pfadkomponenten}, die üblicherweise Verzeichnisnamen darstellen. +Ein Suchpfad kann sich aus vielen Komponenten zusammensetzen. Die Suche nach +einer Datei \samp{my-file} über den Suchpfad \samp{.:/dir} bewirkt, dass +{\KPS} jede Komponente nacheinander überprüft, also zunächst +\samp{./my-file} und dann \samp{/dir/my-file}. Als Ergebnis wird entweder die +erste gefundene Datei oder eine Liste aller passenden Dateien geliefert. + +Um auf allen Dateisystemen effizient arbeiten zu können, verwendet {\KPS} ggf. andere +Datei-/""Verzeich"-nis-Separatoren als \samp{:} und \samp{/}. + +Beim Überprüfen einer Pfadkomponente \var{p} überprüft {\KPS} zunächst, +ob eine Dateinamen"=Datenbank (siehe auch Dateinamen"=Datenbank auf +Seite~\pageref{Filename-database}) für die Pfadkomponente zuständig ist, +d.\,h. beispielsweise steht die Datenbank in einem Verzeichnis, das im Pfad +vor der zu überprüfenden Komponente \var{p} steht. In diesem Fall wird +zur Bestimmung der Position der gesuchten Datei die Datenbank herangezogen. + +Nur wenn keine passende Datenbank existiert oder wenn die Datei nicht +in der Datenbank gefunden wird, durchsucht {\KPS} das Dateisystem. Diese +zeitaufwändige Suche kann über die Spezifikation der Pfadkomponente \var{p} +mit dem Präfix \samp{!!}\ unterbunden werden. Zur Suche erzeugt {\KPS} eine +Liste der Verzeichnisse, die im Pfadelement enthalten sind, und durchsucht +jedes dieser Verzeichnisse nach der gesuchten Datei. + +Für Dateien kann auch ein Schalter \samp{file~must~exist} gesetzt +werden (">Datei muss vorhanden sein"<). Wenn dieser Schalter nicht +gesetzt ist und beispielsweise über das \TeX-Kommando +\cs{openin} eine VF-Datei wie \file{cmr10.vf} gelesen werden +soll, wäre es falsch, nach dieser Datei zu suchen, weil es sie gar +nicht gibt. Speziell für neu installierte VF-Dateien sollten Sie +also unbedingt die Dateinamen"=Datenbank (\cmdname{ls-R}) +aktualisieren, weil die Dateien sonst nicht gelesen werden und +kein Fehler angezeigt wird. Dieser Vorgang wiederholt sich für jede +Komponente eines Suchpfades: zunächst wird die Datenbank +überprüft, danach ggf. das Dateisystem. Wird die Datei gefunden, +stoppt die Suche (normalerweise) und als Ergebnis wird der komplette Pfad zur +gesuchten Datei ausgegeben. + +Außer Verzeichnisnamen dürfen Pfadkomponenten für {\KPS} folgende +Elemente enthalten: (verschachtelte) Vorgaben, Umgebungsvariablen, +Werte aus der Konfigurationsdatei, Home-Verzeich"-nisse von +Benutzern und Startverzeichnisse für eine rekursive Suche. Diese +Elemente werden vor einer Dateisuche von {\KPS} in gewöhnliche +Verzeichnis- oder Dateinamen expandiert. Diese Expansion wird in +den folgenden Abschnitten erklärt, und zwar genau in der +Reihenfolge, wie die Elemente auch von {\KPS} bearbeitet werden. + +Beachten Sie, dass {\KPS} bei absoluten und explizit relativen Komponenten, +d.\,h. wenn die Komponente mit den Zeichen \samp{/}, \samp{./} oder +\samp{../} beginnt, nur überprüft, ob die Datei existiert. + +\ifSingleColumn +\else + +\begin{figure*}[tp] +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{0pt} + \caption{An illustrative configuration file sample} + \label{fig:config-sample} +\end{figure*} +\fi + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Bestandteile von Pfadkomponenten}\label{Path-sources} + +Ein Suchpfad kann aus vielen verschiedenen Bestandteilen aufgebaut werden. +Dies sind in der Reihenfolge, wie {\KPS} sie auswertet: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item + eine benutzerdefinierte Umgebungsvariable, z.\,B. \envname{TEXINPUTS}: + Wird an den Inhalt der Variablen ein Punkt und ein Programmname angehängt, wie + beispielsweise bei \envname{TEXINPUTS.latex}, hat diese Form Vorrang + vor den ">gewöhnlichen"< Variablen. +\item + Einträge aus programmspezifischen Konfigurationsdateien, + beispielsweise zum Programm {\dvips} eine Zeile \samp{S /a:/b} + in der Konfigurationsdatei \file{config.ps} +\item + Einträge aus der \KPS-Konfigurationsdatei \file{texmf.cnf}, + z.\,B. \samp{TEXINPUTS=/c:/d} (siehe folgenden Text) +\item + Einstellung beim Übersetzen der Programme +\end{enumerate} + +Unter Verwendung der Parameter zur Fehlersuche können Sie sich diese +Werte für einen Suchpfad auch anzeigen lassen. (Siehe dazu den Abschnitt +Fehlersuche auf Seite~\pageref{Debugging}.) + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Konfigurationsdateien} + +%\tolerance=3500 +Die \KPS-Bibliothek liest zur Laufzeit die \emph{Konfigurationsdateien} mit den Namen +\file{texmf.cnf}. Der zugehörige Suchpfad zum Auf"|finden dieser +Konfigurationsdateien steht in der Umgebungsvariablen \envname{TEXMFCNF} +(die Voreinstellung ist \file{texmf/web2c}). {\KPS} liest \emph{alle} +Dateien mit den Namen \file{texmf.cnf}, die es in diesem Suchpfad findet. +Die zuerst gelesenen Definitionen haben dabei Vorrang vor später gelesenen +Werten. +Wenn der Suchpfad auf \dirname{.:\$TEXMF} steht, überschreiben die Einstellungen +in \file{./texmf.cnf} diejenigen in \dirname{\$TEXMF/texmf.cnf}. + +%\tolerance=1500 + +Im Folgenden wird die Syntax der Datei \file{texmf.cnf} angegeben. +Konsultieren Sie zum besseren Verständnis beim Lesen die auf der +{\CDROM} oder {\DVD} enthaltene Konfigurationsdatei. +%, die ab Seite~\pageref{app:texmf.cnf} im Anhang dieser Anleitung +% abgedruckt ist. + +\begin{itemize} +\item + Kommentare beginnen mit einem \samp{\%} und erstrecken sich bis zum + Zeilenende. +\item + Leerzeilen werden überlesen. +\item + Ein \samp{\bs} am Zeilenende fasst die aktuelle mit der folgenden Zeile + zusammen. Leerraum in der Folgezeile wird \emph{nicht} überlesen. +\item + Sonstige Zeilen haben den folgenden Aufbau: + +\begin{alltt} + \var{Variable}[.\var{Programmname}] [=] \var{Wert} +\end{alltt}% + + Das Zeichen ">="< und umgebender Leerraum dürfen entfallen. +\item + Der Name von \var{Variable} kann alle Zeichen außer Leerzeichen, + \samp{=} und \samp{.} enthalten. Verwenden Sie am besten nur die Zeichen + \samp{A-Za-z\_}. +\item + Wenn das Suffix ">\code{.\var{Programmname}}"< angegeben wird, gilt die + Variable nur für das entsprechende Programm ">\var{Programmname}"< oder + ">\code{\var{Programmname}.exe}"<. Auf diese Weise können + beispielsweise verschiedene + \TeX-Formate mit unterschiedlichen Suchpfaden arbeiten. +\item + \texttt{\var{Wert}} darf alle Zeichen außer \texttt{\%} und \texttt{@} + enthalten. + Die Einschränkung der Werte auf bestimmte Programme über ein Suffix + ist nicht zulässig. Ein \samp{;} in \texttt{\var{Wert}} wird unter + \acro{UNIX} in \samp{:} umgewandelt. Dadurch ist die Verwendung der gleichen + Konfigurationsdateien für \acro{UNIX} und \acro{DOS}/""Windows"=Systeme möglich. +\item + Die Definitionen werden komplett eingelesen, bevor eine Expansion + stattfindet. Dadurch können Sie die Variable schon vor Ihrer Definition + referieren. +\end{itemize} + +Der Ausschnitt einer Konfigurationsdatei demonstriert diese +Möglichkeiten. +\ifSingleColumn +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\else +Betrachten Sie Abbildung~\ref{fig:config-sample}. +\fi + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Expansion von Pfadkomponenten}\label{Path-expansion} + +{\KPS} verwendet in Suchpfaden ähnliche Zeichen und Konstrukte wie +\acro{UNIX}-Shells. Beispielsweise wird die Definition +\verb|~$USER/{foo,bar}//baz| in alle Unterverzeichnisse von \file{foo} und +\file{bar} unterhalb vom Home-Verzeichnis von \dirname{\$USER} expandiert, +die eine Datei oder ein Unterverzeichnis namens \file{baz} enthalten. Der +Expansionsmechanismus wird im Folgenden erklärt. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Expansion der Voreinstellungen}\label{Default-expansion} + +Wenn der Suchpfad mit der höchsten Priorität (siehe hierzu ">Bestandteile von +Pfadkomponenten"< auf Seite~\pageref{Path-sources}) einen zusätzlichen +(vorangestellten, nachgestellten oder verdoppelten) Doppelpunkt enthält, +wird an dieser Stelle der Suchpfad eingefügt, der als nächstes in der +Hierarchie folgt. Auch bei diesem gilt dieselbe Regel. Wenn beispielsweise +die Umgebungsvariable + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{setenv TEXINPUTS /home/karl:} +\end{alltt} + +gesetzt wird (hier: C-Shell) und in \file{texmf.cnf} die Variable +\code{TEXINPUTS} folgenden Wert erhält + +\begin{alltt} + .:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} + +dann lautet der Suchpfad schließlich: + +\begin{alltt} + /home/karl:.:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} + +Da es sinnlos wäre, denselben Pfad mehrfach einzufügen, wird die Ersetzung +nur einmal vorgenommen, und zwar in der Reihenfolge vorne, hinten und +Mitte. Mehrfach verdoppelte Doppelpunkte bleiben unverändert. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Expansion geschweifter Klammern} + +Die Expansion geschweifter Klammern ist zur Definition mehrerer +\TeX-Hierarchien sehr nützlich. Beispielsweise wird |v{a,b}w| +zu |vaw:vbw|. Verschachtelungen sind dabei erlaubt. +Diese Technik wird dazu benutzt, durch eine Zuweisung an +\code{\$TEXMF} verschiedene \TeX-Hierarchien einzuführen. +Als Beispiel finden Sie in \file{texmf.cnf} folgende Definition +(etwas gekürzt, tatsächlich ist es etwas komplexer): +%(Zeile 75): %%%% to be checked !!!! checked&corrected vrws 01.06.05 + +\begin{verbatim} + TEXMF = {$TEXMFHOME,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFVAR,!!$TEXMFMAIN} +\end{verbatim} + +Eine Anwendung wie + +\begin{verbatim} + TEXINPUTS = .;$TEXMF/tex// +\end{verbatim} +%$ +führt dann dazu, dass erst im aktuellen Verzeichnis gesucht wird, dann +im gesamten Dateibaum \code{\$TEXMFHOME/tex} und \code{\$TEXMFLOCAL/tex} +(auf der Festplatte) und +schließlich im gesamten Dateibaum \dirname{\$TEXMFVAR/tex} sowie +\code{\$TEXMFMAIN/tex} (nur in der Datenbank \file{ls-R}) +durchsucht wird. Dadurch kann man bequem +zwei parallel installierte \TeX-Hierarchien durchsuchen, +beispielsweise eine unveränderliche auf \CDROM/{\DVD} und eine dynamisch +angepasste auf Festplatte, in der neue Programmversionen und zusätzliche +Zeichensätze installiert werden. Durch die Verwendung der Variablen +\code{\$TEXMF} in allen Definitionen wird grundsätzlich zuerst der +neuere Dateibaum durchsucht. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Expansion von Unterverzeichnissen}\label{Subdirectory-expansion} + +Zwei oder mehrere aufeinanderfolgende Schrägstriche (\texttt{//}) in +einer Pfadkomponente, die auf einen Verzeichnisnamen \var{d} folgen, +werden expandiert zu allen Unterverzeichnissen von \var{d}. Dieser +Vorgang findet rekursiv statt, wobei erst alle Verzeichnisse auf +einer Ebene bearbeitet werden, dann deren Unterverzeichnisse, usw. +Auf den jeweiligen Ebenen ist nicht beeinflussbar, in welcher +Reihenfolge die Unterverzeichnisse bearbeitet werden. + +Wenn nach den Schrägstrichen Namen angegeben werden, dann werden nur +Unterverzeichnisse mit passenden Namen in die Suche einbezogen. +Beispielsweise wird \samp{/a//b} in die Pfade \file{/a/1/b}, +\file{/a/2/b}, \file{/a/1/1/b} usw. expandiert, aber nicht +zu \file{/a/b/c} oder \file{/a/1}. +(Jeweils vorausgesetzt, dass die Verzeichnisse existieren.) + +Mehrere \samp{//}-Konstruktionen innerhalb einer Pfadkomponente +sind zulässig, allerdings nicht am Pfadanfang. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Liste der Sonderzeichen und ihre Bedeutung: eine Zusammenfassung} + +Die folgende Zusammenfassung fasst alle Sonderzeichen zusammen, die in den +\KPS"=Konfigurationsdateien auftreten können: + +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ +\newcommand{\CODE}[1]{\makebox[3em][l]{\code{#1}}} +% ++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +\begin{deflist}{\CODE{!!}} % noch schlechter Satz ?? +\item[\CODE{:}] Trennzeichen für Pfadkomponenten; als erstes + oder letztes Zeichen im Pfad bewirkt es die + Expansion der Voreinstellungen. +\item[\CODE{;}] Trennzeichen für Pfadkomponenten für andere + Rechnerplattformen als \acro{UNIX} (Verwendung wie + ">\code{:}"<) +\item[\CODE{\$}] Expansion von Variableninhalten +\item[\CODE{\string~}] Home-Verzeichnis eines Benutzers (Tilde) +\item[\CODE{\char`\{...\char`\}}] Expansion geschweifter Klammern: + beispielsweise wird |a{1,2}b| zu |a1b:a2b|. +\item[\CODE{//}] Expansion von Unterverzeichnissen: tritt niemals + am Anfang einer Pfadkomponente auf. +\item[\CODE{\%}] Kommentar +\item[\CODE{\bs}] Konkatenation mit Folgezeile(n) +\item[\CODE{!!}] Einschränkung der Suche \emph{ausschließlich} auf die + Dateinamen"=Datenbank: Das Dateisystem wird \emph{nicht} + durchsucht! +\end{deflist} + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Dateinamen"=Datenbanken}\label{Filename-database} + +{\KPS} unternimmt etliche Anstrengungen, um den Zugriff auf Festplatte und +\CDROM/{\DVD} zur Suche nach Dateien zu reduzieren. Auf \TeX-Systemen mit +vielen Unterverzeichnissen kann die Suche in jedem möglichen Verzeichnis +nach einer bestimmten Datei eine lange Zeit in Anspruch nehmen, besonders +wenn einige Hundert Zeichensatzverzeichnisse durchforstet werden müssen. +Um dieses Problem abzumildern, benutzt {\KPS} eine Art Datenbankdatei +namens \file{ls-R}, die die Zuordnung von Dateinamen auf Verzeichnisse +enthält. Dadurch muss nicht jedesmal die Festplatte durchsucht werden. + +Eine zweite Datenbank in der Datei \file{aliases} kann eine Zuordnung +zwischen den Namen in \file{ls-R} und weiteren Namen vornehmen und so +beispielsweise hilfreich bei der Umsetzung von \samp{8.3}-\acro{DOS}-Dateinamen +auf die ">echten"<, aussagekräftigen Dateinamen zur Seite stehen. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Die \texttt{ls-R}-Datenbank}\label{ls-R} + +Wie schon öfters erwähnt, muss die Dateinamen"=Datenbank in der Datei +\file{ls-R} gespeichert sein. Sie sollten eine solche Datenbank für jede +\TeX-Hierarchie (normalerweise in \code{\$TEXMF}) Ihres Systems anlegen. +Die meisten \TeX-Systeme arbeiten nur mit einer Hierarchie. {\KPS} sucht +die Datenbanken \file{ls-R} über den Pfad \code{TEXMFDBS}. + +Es wird empfohlen, die Pflege der \code{ls-R}-Dateien dem mitgelieferten +Skript \cmdname{mktexlsr} zu überlassen. Dieses Skript wird automatisch von den +verschiedenen \samp{mktex*}-Skripten aufgerufen. Das Skript ruft +grob gesagt den Befehl + +\begin{alltt} +cd /\var{your}/\var{texmf}/\var{root} && ls -LAR ./ >ls-R +\end{alltt} + +auf, falls das Kommando \code{ls} Ihres Rechners eine Ausgabe im richtigen +Format liefert. (So wie das \acro{GNU}-\code{ls}.) Wenn Sie ganz sichergehen +wollen, dass die Datenbank immer auf dem neuesten Stand ist, sollten Sie sie +in regelmäßigen Abständen mit Hilfe eines \cmdname{crontab}-Eintrags +aktualisieren lassen. Dadurch wird nach einer Installation eines +Pakets per Hand trotzdem sichergestellt, dass die Datenbank aktuell ist. + +Wenn eine Datei nicht über die Datenbank gefunden wird, sucht +{\KPS} normalerweise auf der Festplatte weiter. Wenn eine Pfadkomponente +mit \samp{!!} beginnt, wird dagegen niemals die Festplatte durchsucht. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{\cmdname{kpsewhich}: Dateisuche}\label{Invoking-kpsewhich} + +Mit dem Programm \cmdname{kpsewhich} können Sie unabhängig vom Aufruf +irgendeines \TeX-Programms nach Dateien in der \TeX-Hierarchie suchen +(als schnellere Alternative zu dem Befehl \cmdname{find}). Dies +wird von den verschiedenen \samp{mktex\dots}-Skripten bis zum +Exzess vorexerziert. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich \var{option}{\dots} \var{filename}{\dots}} +\end{alltt} + +Die Optionen werden entweder mit \samp{-} oder mit \samp{-{}-} eingeleitet. +Jede eindeutige Abkürzung ist zulässig. + +Argumente der Kommandozeile, die keine Optionen darstellen, werden als +Dateinamen interpretiert. Für jeden Dateinamen wird der erste passende +Pfad gemeldet. Um eine Liste aller passenden Pfade zu erhalten, müssen Sie +das \acro{UNIX}-Kommando \cmdname{find} aufrufen. + +Im Folgenden werden die wichtigen Optionen beschrieben. + +\begin{description} +\item[\texttt{-{}-dpi=}\var{num}]\mbox{}\\ + Stellt die Auf"|lösung für die Suche nach Zeichensätzen + (nur \file{.gf} oder \file{.pk}) auf \var{num}\,dpi. Alternativ + kann die Option \optname{-D} (kommt von \dvips) benutzt werden. + Voreinstellung ist~600. +\item[\texttt{-{}-format=}\var{name}]\mbox{}\\ + Setzt das Format zur Suche auf \var{name}. Per Voreinstellung + versucht \cmdname{kpsewhich} das Format über den Dateinamen + zu erschließen. Bei Formaten ohne zugeordnete Namens\-endung wie den + zu {\MP} gehörenden Dateien und den Konfigurationsdateien zu + {\dvips} müssen Sie den entsprechenden Namen so eingeben, wie er + \KPS{} bekannt ist. +\item[\texttt{-{}-mode=}\var{string}]\mbox{}\\ + Setzt für die Zeichensatzsuche den Generierungsmodus (betrifft nur + \file{.gf}- oder \file{.pk}-Dateien). Normalerweise werden alle + Zeichensätze gemeldet. +\item[\texttt{-{}-must-exist}]\mbox{}\\ + Es wird versucht, die Dateien notfalls durch eine Suche auf der + Festplatte zu finden. Normalerweise wird nur die \file{ls-R}-Datenbank + konsultiert. +\item[\texttt{-{}-path=}\var{string}]\mbox{}\\ + Sucht entlang des angegebenen Pfads statt des Standardpfads, + der auf Grund der Endung gewählt wird. Alle Expansionen sind + zulässig. Bei Verwendung der Option \texttt{-{}-path} darf nicht + die Option \texttt{-{}-format} angegeben werden. +\item[\texttt{-{}-progname=}\var{name}]\mbox{}\\ + Setzt den Programmnamen für die genauere Variablenspezifikation + über \samp{.\var{Programmname}}. Voreinstellung ist \samp{kpsewhich}. +\item[\texttt{-{}-show-path=}\var{name}]\mbox{}\\ + Zeigt den Suchpfad für die angegebene Namens\-endung. Diese kann entweder + als Namens\-endung (\samp{.pk}, \samp{.vf}, usw.) oder als Name (wie bei der + Option \optname{-{}-format}) spezifiziert werden. +\item[\texttt{-{}-debug=}\var{num}]\mbox{}\\ + Legt den Umfang für die Fehlersuche fest. +\end{description} + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Anwendungsbeispiele}\label{SExamplesofuse} + +Wir schauen uns nun die Funktionsweise von {\KPS} anhand einiger Beispiele an. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich article.cls} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls +\end{alltt} + +Wir suchen unter den \TeX-Quelldateien nach der Datei \file{article.cls}. +Da die Namens\-endung \samp{.cls} eindeutig ist, müssen wir den Typ +\samp{.tex} nicht angeben. Die \samp{texmf-dist}-Hierarchie enthält die +Datei im Unterverzeichnis \dirname{tex/latex/base}. Ähnlich bereiten +die folgenden Beispiele auf Grund eindeutiger Namens\-endungen keine Probleme. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich array.sty} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/array.sty +> \Ucom{kpsewhich latin1.def} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/latin1.def +> \Ucom{kpsewhich size10.clo} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo +> \Ucom{kpsewhich small2e.tex} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/small2e.tex +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tugboat.bib} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/bibtex/bib/beebe/tugboat.bib +\end{alltt} + +Beim letzten Beispiel handelt es sich um eine \BibTeX-Literaturdatenbank +für \textsl{TUGBoat}-Artikel. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich cmr10.pk} +\end{alltt} + +Zeichensatzdateien mit der Namens\-endung \samp{.pk} werden +von Anzeige- oder Druckaufbereitungsprogrammen wie {\dvips} und +\cmdname{xdvi} verwendet. Nachdem wir aufgrund der Voreinstellung keine \file{.pk}-Dateien verwenden, +sondern die \PS-\TypeI-Zeichensätze, die auf der \CDROM/{\DVD} enthalten +sind, wird auch keine \file{.pk}-Datei angezeigt. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich wsuipa10.pk} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\else /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/ +... wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\fi\end{alltt} + +Für diesen Zeichensatz (Teil der \acro{IPA}-Fonts% +\footnote{\acro{IPA}: International Phonetic Alphabet} +von der Universität von Washington) liegen noch keine +\TypeI-Umsetzungen vor und \samp{.pk}-Dateien müssen generiert werden. Da unser voreingestellter \MF-Modus +\samp{ljfour} eine Auf"|lösung von 600\,dpi besitzt, +finden wir (nachdem er schon einmal gebraucht und automatisch +erzeugt wurde) eine entsprechende Instanz dieses Zeichensatzes. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich -dpi=300 wsuipa10.pk} +\end{alltt} + +Durch die Angabe ">\optname{-dpi=300}"< interessieren wir uns nur +für Zeichensätze mit der Auf"|lösung 300\,dpi. Es wurde keiner gefunden. +Programme wie {\dvips} oder \cmdname{xdvi} lassen einen solchen fehlenden +Zeichensatz durch den Aufruf des Skripts \cmdname{mktexpk} mit entsprechenden +Parametern automatisch erzeugen. + +Als nächstes wenden wir uns den Header- und Konfigurationsdateien +von {\dvips} zu. +Zunächst suchen wir nach der Konfiguration für die \TeX-Unterstützung, +dem Prolog \file{tex.pro}. Danach suchen wir die allgemeine Konfigurationsdatei +(\file{config.ps}) und schließlich die \PS-Zeichensatzzuordnungsdatei +\file{psfonts.map}. Dateien dieser Art haben seit der 2004er-Version der {\TL} ihre eigenen Suchpfade und einen neuen Aufbewahrungsort im \OnCD{texmf}-Baum. Da die Namens\-endung \samp{.ps} nicht eindeutig ist, +müssen wir den gewünschten Typ (\samp{dvips config}) +für die Datei \file{config.ps} spezifizieren. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tex.pro} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/tex.pro +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.ps} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/config/config.ps +> \Ucom{kpsewhich psfonts.map} + /usr/local/texmf/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map +\end{alltt} + +Jetzt suchen wir nach den Dateien für den \PS-Zeichensatz ">URW Times"<. +Nach dem Namensschema von Karl~Berry beginnen die Namen mit ">\texttt{utm}"<. +Zunächst suchen wir die Konfigurationsdatei, die den Namen der +Zeichensatzzuordnungsdatei enthält. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.utm} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/dvips/psnfss/config.utm +\end{alltt} + +Diese Datei enthält folgende Anweisung: + +\begin{alltt} + p +utm.map +\end{alltt} + +Die angegebene Datei \file{utm.map} wollen wir als nächstes suchen: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utm.map} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/times/utm.map +\end{alltt} + +Diese Zuordnungsdatei wird im Unterverzeichnis \file{urw} bei den +Hilfsdateien für {\dvips} gefunden. Sie enthält die Dateinamen der +\TypeI-\PS-Zeichensätze, die für URW Times benutzt werden. Ein +kleiner Auszug aus dieser Datei: + +\begin{alltt} + utmb8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb + utmbi8r NimbusRomNo9L-MediItal... <utmbi8a.pfb + utmr8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb + utmri8r NimbusRomNo9L-ReguItal... <utmri8a.pfb + utmbo8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb + utmro8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +\end{alltt} + +Wenn wir jetzt beispielsweise nach dem Zeichensatz Times Regular +(\file{utmr8a.pfb}) suchen, finden wir ihn im +Verzeichnis \OnCD{texmf} unter den \TypeI-Zeichensätzen: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utmr8a.pfb} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/urw/times/utmr8a.pfb +\else /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/ +... urw/utm/utmr8a.pfb +\fi\end{alltt} + +Diese Beispiele sollten deutlich gemacht haben, wie leicht bestimmte Dateien +im \TeX-Dateibaum gefunden werden können. Dies ist sehr wichtig, wenn Sie +den Verdacht haben, dass eine falsche Version einer Datei verwendet wird: +Sie lassen sich einfach die verwendete Datei von \cmdname{kpsewhich} +anzeigen. + +% .............................................................. +\subsubsection{Fehlersuche}\label{Debugging} + +Manchmal ist wichtig, bis ins Detail nachzuvollziehen, wie ein Programm eine +bestimmte Datei findet. Zu diesem Zweck bietet die \KPS-Bibliothek verschiedene +Stufen für den Umfang der Fehlersuche an. + +\begin{itemize} +\item[\texttt{\ 1}] \code{stat}-Aufrufe (Überprüfung, ob Datei + existiert); mit einer aktuellen \file{ls-R}-Datenbank sollten Sie fast + keine Meldungen erhalten. +\item[\texttt{\ 2}] Zugriffe auf Suchlisten (wie \file{ls-R}-Datenbanken, + Zuordnungsdateien (\texttt{.map}), Konfigurationsdateien) +\item[\texttt{\ 4}] Öffnen und Schließen von Dateien +\item[\texttt{\ 8}] Auf"|listen der voreingestellten Pfade für Extensionen +\item[\texttt{16}] Verzeichnisliste für jede Pfadkomponente (nur bei Festplattenzugriff) +\item[\texttt{32}] Suchaktionen nach Dateien +\end{itemize} + +Durch die Angabe von \samp{-1} setzen Sie alle Stufen gleichzeitig. +Für eine effiziente Fehlersuche sollten Sie sich auf die wichtigsten +Ausgaben beschränken. + +Für {\dvips} gibt es einen ähnlichen Mechanismus zur Erzeugung +von Analysemeldungen, um herauszufinden, warum bestimmte Dateien geöffnet +wurden bzw. wo vielleicht das Problem liegt, wenn Dateien nicht gefunden +werden. + +Da fast alle Programme die \KPS-Bibliothek benutzen, können Sie die +gewünschte Stufe auch über die Umgebungsvariable \envname{KPATHSEA\_DEBUG} +einstellen, indem Sie einen der Werte oder eine additive Kombination +spezifizieren. + +Anmerkung für Windows-Benutzer: Es ist nicht einfach, alle Meldungen in eine Datei umzulenken. Für die Fehlersuche +jedoch ist die folgende (temporäre!) Vereinbarung sinnvoll: + +\indent\texttt{SET KPATHSEA\_DEBUG\_OUTPUT=err.log} + +Wir betrachten als Beispiel eine kleine \LaTeX-Quelldatei mit dem Namen +\file{hello-world.tex} mit folgendem Inhalt: + +\begin{verbatim} + \documentclass{article} + \begin{document} + Hello World! + \end{document} +\end{verbatim} + +Diese Datei verwendet nur einen Zeichensatz, nämlich \file{cmr10}. Wir sehen uns +jetzt einmal genau an, wie {\dvips} die \PS-Datei erzeugt. +Da wir die \TypeI-Variante der Computer-Modern-Roman-Zeichensätze +verwenden wollen, haben wir die Option \optname{-Pcms} verwendet. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips -d4100 hello-world -Pcms -o} +\end{alltt} + +Hier haben wir als Stufe zur Fehlersuche eine Kombination der Stufe~\code{4} von +{\dvips} (siehe \dvips-Handbuch, +\dirname{texmf/doc/html/dvips/dvips\_toc.html}?). +%\ifSingleColumn +%We get something +%like the following (we have rearranged the output for easier display): +%\begin{alltt}\small +%\input{examples/ex6.tex} +%\end{alltt} +%\else +Die Ausgabe sieht ungefähr so wie in +Abbildung~\ref{fig:dvipsdbga} dargestellt aus (die Ausgabe wurde für einen besseren Überblick +etwas umgestaltet). + +\begin{figure*}[tp] +\centering +\input{examples/ex6a.tex} +\caption{Suche nach Konfigurationsdateien}\label{fig:dvipsdbga} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6b.tex} +\caption{Suche nach Prologdateien}\label{fig:dvipsdbgb} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6c.tex} +\caption{Suche nach Font-Dateien}\label{fig:dvipsdbgc} +\end{figure*} + +Zunächst sucht {\dvips} (bzw. \KPS) seine Konfigurationsdateien, +nämlich \file{texmf.cnf} (das die Pfade der anderen Dateien enthält), +dann die Dateinamen"=Datenbank \file{ls-R} (zur Optimierung der Suche) +und die Datei \file{aliases}, mit deren Hilfe für eine Datei +mehrere Namen vereinbart werden können, z.\,B. um die kurzen +\samp{8.3}-\acro{DOS}-Namen mit aussagefähigen, langen Namen zu assoziieren. +Danach wird die allgemeine \dvips-Konfigurationsdatei +\file{config.ps}, anschließend die benutzerspezifische Konfigurationsdatei +\file{.dvipsrc} (wird hier \emph{nicht} gefunden) gesucht. +Als letztes sucht {\dvips} die Zuordnungsdatei für +Computer-Modern-{\PS}"=Zeichensätze \file{config.cms} (bedingt durch die +Option \optname{-Pcms} beim Aufruf von \dvips). Diese +Datei enthält die Dateinamen der Listen, die die Zuordnung zwischen +Dateinamen und Zeichensatznamen herstellen. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{more /usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms} + p +ams.map + p +cms.map + p +cmbkm.map + p +amsbkm.map +\end{alltt} + +{\dvips} versucht, diese Dateien und zusätzlich die +allgemeine Zeichensatzzuordnungstabelle \file{psfonts.map} zu +laden, die immer konsultiert wird; der letzte Teil von +Abschnitt~\ref{SExamplesofuse} erklärt diese Tabellen genauer. + +Jetzt erfolgt die normale Startmeldung von \dvips: + +\begin{alltt}\ifSingleColumn +dvips(k) 5.94a +kpathsea version +Copyright (C) 2003 Radical Eye Software. +... +\else\small{}dvips(k) 5.94a +kpathsea version +Copyright (C) 2003 Radical Eye Software. +... +\fi\end{alltt}% decided to accept slight overrun in tub case +\ifSingleColumn +Danach wird nach \file{texc.pro} gesucht: + +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(texc.pro) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro +\end{alltt} +\else +Danach wird nach \file{texc.pro} gesucht (siehe Abbildung~\ref{fig:dvipsdbgb}). +\fi +Dann gibt {\dvips} Datum und Uhrzeit aus und meldet den Dateinamen +der erzeugten \PS-Datei \file{hello-world.ps}. Jetzt wird die +Zeichensatzdatei \file{cmr10} benötigt, die {\dvips} als +">resident"< meldet. + +\enlargethispage{1ex} +\begin{alltt}\small +TeX output 1998.02.26:1204' -> hello-world.ps +Defining font () cmr10 at 10.0pt +Font cmr10 <CMR10> is resident. +\end{alltt} + +Es geht weiter mit \file{cmr10.tfm} und einigen weiteren Prologdateien, +deren Ausgaben wir hier weglassen. Letztlich wird die \TypeI-Zeichensatzdatei +\file{cmr10.pfb} gesucht (und gefunden) und in die Ausgabedatei integriert +(siehe letzte Zeile). + +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm, must\_exist=1, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//: + /var/tex/fonts/tfm//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm +kdebug:start search(file=texps.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + ... +<texps.pro> +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.pfb, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb +<cmr10.pfb>[1] +\end{alltt} + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Einstellungen zur Laufzeit} + +Zu den willkommenen Erweiterungen von {\Webc} zählt die Möglichkeit, +zur Laufzeit einige Speicher"-größen über die Datei \file{texmf.cnf} anpassen +zu können (insbesondere die Größe einiger Stacks). Eine ausführliche Liste +der veränderbaren Parameter finden Sie in der Datei \file{texmf.cnf}. +Die wichtigsten Werte sind: + +\begin{description} +\item[\texttt{main\_memory}]\mbox{}\\ + Arbeitsspeicher für \TeX, {\MF} und {\MP} in Worten: Für jede Einstellung + muss eine eigene Format-Datei erstellt werden. Allerdings können Sie + mehrere Versionen von {\TeX} unter verschiedenen Namen erzeugen und + in der Konfigurationsdatei jeweils eigene Einträge vorsehen. Hier gibt + es ein Monster-{\TeX} namens \samp{hugetex} mit der zugehörigen Format-Datei + \file{hugetex.fmt}, wobei der spezielle Wert der + Variablen \texttt{main\_memory} dann + aus der Datei \file{texmf.cnf} gelesen wird. +\item[\texttt{extra\_mem\_bot}]\mbox{}\\ + Extraspeicher für ">große"< \TeX-Datenstrukturen wie Boxen, Glue, + Breakpoints, usw.: Besonders bei Anwendung von {\PiCTeX} sollte dieser + Wert erhöht werden. +\item[\texttt{font\_mem\_size}]\mbox{}\\ + Anzahl der Worte für Speicherung von Zeichensatzinformationen: Entspricht + ungefähr dem Speicherbedarf der gelesenen \acro{TFM}-Dateien. +\item[\texttt{hash\_extra}]\mbox{}\\ + Zusätzlicher Platz für Suchlisten: In der Hauptliste können + ca. 10000~Einträge verwaltet werden. Bei einem Buch mit vielen Querverweisen + reicht dieser Platz unter Umständen nicht aus. + Die Voreinstellung für \texttt{hash\_extra} ist \texttt{50000}. +\end{description} + +Natürlich sind diese Parameter kein Ersatz für eine wirklich dynamische +Speicherverwaltung. Mit der gegenwärtigen Version von {\TeX} ist dieses +Konzept aber nur extrem schwer zu implementieren; darum stellt dieses +Verfahren eine praktikable Lösung dar. + +\begin{comment} +%\clearpage +% ============================================================== +\section{Installation von {\TeX} auf einer neuen \acro{UNIX}-Plattform} + +Wenn Sie eine Rechnerplattform einsetzen, für die wir keine Binärdateien +zur Verfügung gestellt haben, müssen Sie {\TeX} und die zugehörigen +Programme mit Hilfe der Quell-Codes selbst übersetzen. Das ist gar nicht so +schwer, wie es klingt. Alles, was Sie brauchen, finden Sie auf der {\DVD} +im Verzeichnis \texttt{source}. + +Zunächst sollten Sie jedoch die von {\TeX} benötigten Dateien durch +eine Installation ohne Binärdateien auf die Festplatte kopieren bzw. +durch ">Mounten"< der {\DVD} verfügbar machen. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Voraussetzungen} + +Zum Übersetzen von {\TeX} und allen weiteren benötigten +Programmen benötigen Sie ca. 100\,MB Festplattenkapazität. +Dazu kommen ein \acro{ANSI}-C-Compiler, \cmdname{make} sowie +ein Scanner- und Parser-Generator. Die \acro{GNU}-Programme +(\cmdname{gcc}, \acro{GNU}-\cmdname{make}, \cmdname{m4}, +\cmdname{flex} und \cmdname{bison}) sind praxiserprobt +und auf den meisten Plattformen verfügbar. Eventuell können +Sie auch andere C-Compiler oder \cmdname{make}-Programme einsetzen, +doch dann sollten Sie sich wirklich gut mit Ihrem System auskennen, +wenn es Schwierigkeiten während des Übersetzungsprozesses gibt. +Der Befehl \cmdname{uname} muss einen gültigen Namen liefern. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Konfiguration} + +\begin{itemize} +\item Beginnen Sie mit einer ganz normalen \TL-Installation auf +Festplatte (siehe Abschnitt~\ref{sec:UNIX-install-disk} auf +Seite~\pageref{sec:UNIX-install-disk}). Das Installieren der +fertigen Binaries können Sie getrost überspringen. + +\item Dann entpacken Sie das komprimierte Archiv (\cmdname{tar}) in +\dirname{source} auf Ihre Festplatte und wechseln in dieses Verzeichnis. + +\item Legen Sie einen Pfad fest, unter dem das \TeX-System +installiert werden soll. Natürlich sollte das derselbe Pfad sein, +den Sie schon zum Kopieren der Daten verwendet haben +(z.\,B. \dirname{/usr/local} oder \dirname{/usr/local/TeX}). +\end{itemize} + +Die automatische Systemerkennung und -anpassung wird durch +\textsf{configure} mit folgendem Aufruf gestartet: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{./configure -prefix=/usr/local/TeX} +\end{alltt} + +Bei der Option \optname{prefix} geben Sie das Verzeichnis an, in dem sich die +bereits kopierten \TL-Dateien befinden; +dieses Verzeichnis wird weiter strukturiert (\dirname{\$TEXDIR} +ist dabei das Installationsverzeichnis): + + +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll@{}} + \dirname{\$TEXDIR/man} & Anleitungen im + \acro{UNIX}-\cmdname{man}-Format\\ + \dirname{\$TEXDIR/share/texmf} & \TeX-Daten mit Zeichensätzen, + Makros, usw.\\ + \dirname{\$TEXDIR/info} & Anleitungen im + \acro{GNU}-\cmdname{info}-Format\\ + \dirname{\$TEXDIR/bin/\$PLATFORM} & ausführbare Programme\\ +\end{tabular} +%$ + +Wenn Sie wollen, können Sie ">\dirname{share/}"< als Namensbestandteil +von \OnCD{texmf} weglassen, da sowohl +\dirname{\$TEXDIR/share/texmf} als auch \dirname{\$TEXDIR/texmf} +automatisch von \cmdname{configure} erkannt werden. Sollten Sie ein anderes +Verzeichnis vorziehen, müssen Sie dieses \cmdname{configure} mit dem +Kommandozeilenparameter \optname{-{}-datadir} mitteilen. + +Wenn Sie die erkannte Plattform nicht als \dirname{\$PLATFORM} im +Pfad der ausführbaren Programme haben wollen, sondern z.\,B. +direkt in \dirname{\$TEXDIR/bin} installieren wollen, verwenden Sie +die Option \optname{-{}-disable-multiplatform}. + +Zum Weglassen spezieller \TeX-Systeme wie {\OMEGA} oder {\eTeX} gibt +es eine Reihe von Optionen, die Sie durch die Eingabe von +\samp{./configure --help} angezeigt bekommen. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Aufruf von \cmdname{make}} + +Vergewissern Sie sich, dass die Shell-Variable \envname{noclobber} nicht +gesetzt ist und geben + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make world} +\end{alltt} + +ein. Jetzt können Sie sich entspannt zurücklehnen oder wie ein +{\TeX}ie sagt: |\relax|. + +Eine gute Idee ist auch das Speichern der Meldungen beim +Übersetzen durch das Anlegen eines Protokolls: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh -c "make world >world.log 2>\&1" \&} +\end{alltt} + +Nehmen Sie nicht fälschlicherweise nach dem Durchlauf von \cmdname{make} +an, dass alles gut gegangen ist, sondern vergewissern sich durch eine +Kontrolle des Protokolls. (\acro{GNU} \cmdname{make} zeigt Fehler +z.\,B. immer mit der Zeichenkette ">\texttt{***}"< an.) +Außerdem sollten Sie sich vergewissern, dass alle ausführbaren +Programme auch erzeugt wurden: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd \var{TEXDIR}/bin/\var{archname}} +> \Ucom{ls | wc} +\end{alltt} + +Das Ergebnis sollte über 200 liegen (Sie können die exakte Zahl +mit der Anzahl der lauf"|fähigen Programme [Binaries] im Verzeichnis \OnCD{bin} vergleichen). +Der Aufruf \samp{make~world} ist übrigens äquivalent zu +\samp{make~all~install~strip}. + +Wenn für den Aufruf von \samp{make~install} besondere +Systemverwalterrechte notwendig sein sollten, können Sie die +Anweisung \samp{make~world} auch in zwei Durchgängen absetzen: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make all} +> \Ucom{su} +> \Ucom{make install strip} +\end{alltt} + +Nachdem Sie Ihre Binaries installiert haben, sollten Sie die normalen +Installationsnacharbeiten durchführen, die im Abschnitt~\ref{sec:postinstall} +auf Seite~\pageref{sec:postinstall} beschrieben sind. + +Wenn Sie lauf"|fähige Programme erstellt haben und diese Anderen zur Verfügung stellen wollen, sollten Sie uns kontaktieren. Wir würden uns freuen, sie auf den \TL-\acro{WWW}-Seiten anzubieten. +\end{comment} + +% ============================================================== +\section{Danksagungen} + +Die {\TL} ist eine gemeinsame Arbeit faktisch aller {\TeX} Users +Groups. + +Die Entwicklung des vorliegende \TL-Releases wurde von Sebastian~Rahtz und Karl~Berry geleitet; +die übrigen Haupt-Mitarbeiter sind im Folgenden aufgelistet. + +\begin{itemize} +\item die deutschsprachige \TeX-Anwendervereinigung (\acro{DANTE} e.\,V.), + die den Rechner zur Verfügung stellt, auf der die \TL-Quellen + produziert und weiter entwickelt werden; Rainer~Schöpf und + Reinhard~Zierke, die sich um Rechner und Service kümmern; + Volker~RW~Schaa und Klaus~Höppner vom \acro{DANTE}-Vorstand, die die Produktion + mit Lehmanns-Buchhandlungen (\url{http://www.lob.de/}) koordinieren. +\item die Perforce Company, die uns eine kostenlose Kopie ihrer + exzellenten ">Change-Management"<-Software zur Verfügung + stellen, mit deren Hilfe wir den \TL-Inhalt gepflegt haben; +\item Peter Breitenlohner und das \eTeX\-Team für den stabilen Grundstock zu {\TeX}s Zukunft; +\item Thomas~Esser, der mit dem exzellenten {\teTeX} die Basis + für dieses {\TL} schuf und dessen ständige Hilfe das Resultat + deutlich verbessert hat; +\item Michel~Goossens, als Coautor der englischen Original-Dokumentation; +\item Eitan~Gurari, mit dessen {\TeX4ht} die \HTML-Version dieser + Anleitung erstellt wurde und der unermüdlich daran gearbeitet + hat, es auf Zuruf zu verbessern; +\item Hans Hagen, der den größten Teil der notwendigen Tests durchführte und das \ConTeXt-Format an das \TL-System + anpasste; +\item Pawe{\l} Jackowski für das Installationsprogramm \cmdname{tlpm} für + Windows, + Tomasz {\L}uczak für \cmdname{tlpmgui}; +\item \Thanh, Martin~Schröder und das \pdfTeX-Team, die die Arbeiten zur Erweiterung der Möglichkeiten von + {\TeX} fortgesetzt haben; +\item Petr~Olsak, der das tschechische und slowakische Material sehr sorgfältig er- und überarbeitet hat; +\item Fabrice~Popineau für den Windows-Programme von {\TL}; +\item Staszek~Wawrykiewicz, der Haupttester für alles, was mit {\TeX} zusammen hängt, Koordinator der polnischen + Beiträge, Windows-Installation und mehr; +\item Olaf~Weber für die Geduld beim Zusammenpuzzeln und Pflegen + von \Webc, von dem alles Andere abhängt; +\item Gerben~Wierda für das Erstellen und Pflegen des \MacOSX-Teils und für viele Integrations- und Testarbeiten; +\item Graham~Williams, dessen Arbeit das Makro- und Paketverzeichnis möglich gemacht hat. +\end{itemize} + +\textbf{Lauf"|fähige Programme:} + +\begin{itemize*} +\item Tigran~Aivazian (\pkgname{x86\_64-linux}), +\item Manfred~Lotz (\pkgname{i386-freebsd}), +\item Fabrice~Popineau (\pkgname{win32}), +\item Norbert~Preining (\pkgname{alpha-linux}), +\item Vladimir~Volovich (\pkgname{powerpc-aix}, \pkgname{sparc64-linux}) und + \pkgname{sparc-linux}, +\item Staszek~Wawrykiewicz (\pkgname{i386-linux}), +\item Olaf~Weber (\pkgname{mips-irix}), +\item Gerben~Wierda (\pkgname{i386-darwin}, \pkgname{powerpc-darwin}) +\end{itemize*} + +\textbf{Dokumentation und Anpassung der Übersetzungen:} + +\begin{itemize*} +\item Karl~Berry (Englisch), +\item Daniel~Flipo \& Fabrice~Popineau (Französisch), +\item Klaus Höppner \& Hartmut~Henkel (Deutsch) mit Unterstützung von + Günter Partosch, Holger Horn, Wolfgang Engelmann und Heiko Oberdiek, +\item Petr~Sojka \& Jan~Busa (Tschechisch/""Slowakisch), +\item Boris~Veytsman (Russisch), +\item Staszek~Wawrykiewicz (Polnisch). +\end{itemize*} + +Natürlich haben wir am meisten Donald~Knuth zu danken, einmal dafür, dass er {\TeX} erfand und dann dafür, dass er es +der Welt schenkte. + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\section{Geschichtliches}\label{sec:history} + +Diese Ausgabe der {\TL} ist in Zusammenarbeit der {\TUG} (\acro{TUG}), der +\UKTUG, der französischen \TeX-Vereinigung GUTenberg +und der deutschsprachigen \TeX-Anwendervereinigung (DANTE e.\,V.) +unter Mithilfe der niederländischen, tschechischen/""slowakischen, +indischen, polnischen und russischen \TeX-Benutzergruppen +entstanden. + +\subsection{Vergangenheit} + +Die niederländische \TeX-Benutzergruppe hatte Ende 1993 mit der +Produktion der 4All\TeX-{\CDROM} für \acro{MS-DOS} die Diskussion angeregt, +eine einzige {\CDROM} für alle Rechnersysteme zu entwickeln. Zum +damaligen Zeitpunkt war dieses Ziel zu hoch gesteckt, doch immerhin +entstand aus dieser Diskussion nicht nur die sehr erfolgreiche +4All\TeX-{\CDROM}, sondern auch die \acro{TUG}-Arbeitsgruppe zur Definition +der {\TeX} Directory Structure \TDS, die die zur Arbeit mit {\TeX} +notwendigen und hilfreichen Dateien in eine konsistente und +handhabbare Verzeichnisstruktur einbettet. Das ">Final~Draft"<-Dokument, +das diese Verzeichnisstruktur festlegt, wurde in der Dezember-Ausgabe +1995 der TUGBoat veröffentlicht. Schon frühzeitig war den Beteiligten +klar, dass eine {\CDROM} auf der Basis der {\TDS} sehr zu begrüßen wäre. +Die \TL-{\CDROM} war das direkte Resultat der Beratungen der +\TDS-Arbeitsgruppe. Außerdem hat der Erfolg der 4All\TeX-{\CDROM} +klargemacht, dass ein ähnliches System auch für \acro{UNIX}-Benutzer eine +Erleichterung darstellen würde. Dies war der zweite Beweggrund für +die \TL-\CDROM. + +Im Herbst 1995 wurde das Projekt, eine \TDS-basierte \acro{UNIX}-{\CDROM} +zu entwickeln, in Angriff genommen. Sehr schnell stießen die +Verantwortlichen auf das \teTeX-System von Thomas~Esser als +idealen Ausgangspunkt für diese Arbeit, weil es verschiedene +Rechnerplattformen unterstützte und für die Arbeit mit verschiedenen +Dateisystemen vorgesehen war. Anfang 1996 wurde in Zusammenarbeit +mit Thomas~Esser ernsthaft mit der Arbeit begonnen und im Mai~1996 +die erste Ausgabe der {\CDROM} veröffentlicht. + +Anfang 1997 stellte +Karl~Berry eine neue Version seines \Webc-\TeX-Systems vor, das +schon nahezu alle Ausstattungsmerkmale aufwies, die Thomas~Esser +mit {\teTeX} verwirklicht hatte. Die \acro{TUG} entschied sich daraufhin, +die zweite Version der {\CDROM} auf der Basis von {\Webc} unter +Verwendung des Installations-Skripts \cmdname{texconfig} aus dem +\teTeX-Paket zu entwickeln. + +Die dritte Ausgabe basierte auf der +inzwischen von Olaf~Weber gepflegten und weiter entwickelten +{\Webc}~Version~7.2; {\TL} unterstützte fast alle Eigenschaften +der zur selben Zeit entstandenen neuen Version von \teTeX. + +Die vierte Ausgabe folgte demselben Schema, indem ihr neue +Versionen von {\teTeX} und {\Webc}~(7.5) zugrunde lagen. +Fast die gesamte {\CDROM} wurde einer kritischen Überprüfung +unterzogen, wobei besonders darauf geachtet wurde, dass doppelte +Dateien entfernt wurden und die Einordnung der Pakete konsistent +erfolgte. Zudem enthielt diese Ausgabe ein komplettes Windows-Setup. + +Für die fünfte Ausgabe im März~2000 wurden wiederum große Teile der +{\CDROM} ersetzt, wobei Hunderte von überarbeiteten Paketen aufgenommen +wurden. {\OMEGA}, {\pdfTeX} und Teile der \TeX-Support-Programme (hier +insbesondere \cmdname{xdvi}, \cmdname{dvips} und \cmdname{tex4ht}) +lagen in neuer Version vor. +Die Hauptänderung bei der \TL\,5 betraf die \samp{non-free}-Software. +Alles auf dieser {\CDROM} war nun in Übereinstimmung mit den \emph{Debian +Free Software Guidelines} (\url{http://www.debian.org/intro/free}). +Wir haben unser Bestes versucht, die Lizenzbedingungen aller Pakete +zu überprüfen, sind aber dankbar, wenn wir auf Fehler hingewiesen werden. + +Die sechste Ausgabe der {\TL} vom Juli/August~2001 +enthielt die neuesten Versionen aller Pakete und Programme. +Das neue Installationskonzept stellte die größte Änderung dar: +Der Benutzer konnte nun viel genauer +gewünschte bzw. nicht erwünschte Sammlungen +und Pakete auswählen. Dabei wurden die sprachspezifischen Sammlungen +komplett überarbeitet, so dass sie jetzt automatisch nicht nur +Makros, Fonts usw. installierten, sondern zusätzlich die notwendigen +Einträge in \file{language.dat} vornahmen. + +Die siebte Ausgabe vom Mai~2002 enthält als größte +Änderungen {\MacOSX} und wieder unzählige Updates aller Pakete und Programme. +Ein wesentliches Ziel war zudem die Wiedererstellung einer gemeinsamen +Quelle mit {\teTeX}, um das Auseinanderlaufen seit \TL\,5 und \TL\,6 +zu korrigieren. + +\subsection{2003} + +Im Jahr 2003 war die Flut von Updates und neuen Paketen so groß geworden, +dass wir feststellen mussten: ">{\TL} passt nicht mehr auf eine einzelne +\CDROM"<. Und so wurde sie in drei verschiedene Distributionen aufgeteilt +(siehe Abschnitt~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} auf Seite~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). +Des Weiteren: + +\begin{itemize} +\item Auf Wunsch des \LaTeX-Teams wurde der Standard für \cmdname{latex} + und \cmdname{pdflatex} verändert; beide benutzen nun {\eTeX} als Basis + (siehe Seite~\pageref{text:etex}). +\item Die neuen ">Latin Modern Fonts"< wurden aufgenommen (und werden + zur Benutzung empfohlen). +\item Der Support für Alpha-\acro{OSF} wurde aufgegeben (den + \acro{HPUX}-Support hatte es schon zuvor ereilt), da + niemand mehr in der Lage war, neue Binaries zu kompilieren. +\item Das Setup für Windows wurde grundlegend überarbeitet. + Zum ersten Mal wurde eine integrierte Umgebung eingeführt, + die auf \cmdname{XEmacs} basiert. +\item Wichtige Hilfsprogramme für Windows (Perl, Ghost\-script, + Image\-Magick, Ispell) werden nun im \TL-Verzeichnis + installiert. +\item Die von \cmdname{dvips}, \cmdname{dvipdfm} und \cmdname{pdftex} + benutzten Font-Mapfiles werden vom neuen Programm + \cmdname{updmap} generiert und in \dirname{texmf/fonts/map} + installiert. +\item \TeX, {\MF} und {\MP} geben nun die meisten 8"~Bit-Input"~Zeichen (Position 32 und oberhalb) unverändert + aus in (\verb|\write|)-Files, Logfiles und auf dem Terminal. + Das bedeutet, dass sie \emph{nicht} mit der \verb|^^|-Notierung + übersetzt ausgegeben werden. Auf der \TL\,7 war diese + Übersetzung abhängig von der \cmdname{locale}-Einstellung des + Systems; nun beeinflussen \cmdname{locale}-Einstellung nicht + {\TeX}s Programmverhalten. Falls Sie aus irgendwelchen + Gründen die \verb|^^|-Ausgabe benötigen, müssen Sie in Ihrem System + die Datei \file{texmf/web2c/cp8bit.tcx} umbenennen + (zukünftige Versionen werden eine sauberere Schnittstelle zur + Kontrolle dieses Verhaltens anbieten). +\item Die Dokumentation wurde grundlegend überarbeitet. +\item Zum Abschluss einigten wir uns auf eine neue Edition-Nummerierung. + Ab diesem Jahr trägt die {\TL} statt einer fortlaufenden Nummer + die Jahreszahl: \TL~2003. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{2004} + +\begin{itemize} +\item Wenn Sie lokal installierte Zeichensätze mit ihren eigenen \filename{.map}- oder (weniger wahrscheinlich) + \filename{.enc}-Dateien benutzen, müssen Sie möglicherweise diese Dateien verschieben. + + Nach den \filename{.map}-Dateien wird jetzt in den \dirname{fonts/map}-Unterverzeichnissen im + \envname{TEXFONTMAPS}-Pfad gesucht (in jedem \filename{texmf}-Baum). + Gleichzeitig werden \filename{.enc}-Dateien jetzt in den \dirname{fonts/enc}-Unterverzeichnissen entlang des + \envname{ENCFONTS}-Pfads gesucht. Das Programm \cmdname{updmap} versucht, bei problematischen Dateien zu warnen. + + Informationen darüber, wie das gehandhabt wird, und zusätzliche Informationen finden Sie unter + \url{http://tug.org/texlive/mapenc.html}. + +\item Die \TK\ wurde für all diejenigen, die diese Implementierung {\Webc} vorziehen, um eine \MIKTEX-basierte und + installierbare {\CDROM} erweitert. Siehe dazu auch Abschnitt~\ref{sec:struct-tl} auf + Seite~\pageref{sec:struct-tl}. + +\item In der {\TL} wurde der umfangreiche \dirname{texmf}-Baum früherer Versionen durch drei Teilbäume ersetzt: + \OnCD{texmf}, \OnCD{texmf-dist} und \OnCD{texmf-doc}. Siehe dazu Abschnitt~\ref{sec:tld} auf + Seite~\pageref{sec:tld} und die \filename{README}-Dateien in den drei Zweigen. + +\item Alle \TeX-relevanten Eingabedateien sind jetzt in den \dirname{tex}-Unterverzeichnissen der + \dirname{texmf*}-Bäume zusammengefasst und nicht mehr in den parallelen Verzeichnissen \dirname{tex}, + \dirname{etex}, \dirname{pdftex}, \dirname{pdfetex}, usw. Siehe dazu + \CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions}{\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions}}. + +\item Hilfs-Skripte, die der Anwender nicht selbst aufruft, werden jetzt in den \mbox{neuen} + \dirname{scripts}-Unterverzeichnissen der \dirname{texmf*}-Bäume aufbewahrt. Nach ihnen wird per + \samp{kpsewhich -format=texmfscripts} gesucht. Wenn Sie Programme einsetzen, die solche Skripte aufrufen, müssen + sie angepasst werden. Siehe dazu \CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts} +{\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts}}. + +\item (Fast) alle Formate interpretieren -- an Stelle einer Übersetzung durch die \verb|^^|-Notation -- mittels + des ">translation files"< \filename{cp227.tcx} die meisten Zeichen als direkt ausgebbar. Insbesondere werden + die Zeichen an den Positionen 32--256, zusätzlich \acro{TAB}, \acro{VT} (vertical tab; vertikaler Tab) und + \acro{FF} (form feed; Seitenvorschub), als druckbar angesehen und daher nicht übersetzt. Ausnahmen sind + \plainTeX, bei dem nur die Zeichen an den Positionen 32--127 druckbar sind, {\ConTeXt} (mit druckbaren Zeichen an + den Positionen 0--255) und die \OMEGA-verwandten Formate. Dieses voreingestellte Verhalten ist (fast) identisch + mit dem in \TL\,2003; es ist aber jetzt klarer und mit umfangreicheren Anpassungsmöglichkeiten implementiert. + Siehe dazu \CDref{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files} +{\texttt{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files}}. + + \textbf{Anmerkung:} Da {\TeX} byte-orientiert ist, können bei einer Unicode-Eingabe (2-Byte-Zeichen) im Kontext + von Fehlermeldungen Folgen von 1-Byte-Zeichen ausgegeben werden. + +\item \cmdname{pdfetex} ist jetzt die voreingestellte ">Engine"< für alle Formate mit Ausnahme von + \mbox{(plain-)\cmdname{tex}} selbst (natürlich generiert es \dvi-Code, wenn es als \cmdname{latex}, usw. + aufgerufen wird.). Das bedeutet unter vielen anderen Dingen, dass die mikrotypographischen Fähigkeiten von + \cmdname{pdftex} + wie auch die Erweiterungen von {\eTeX} in \LaTeX, \ConTeXt usw. zur Verfügung stehen + (\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/}). + + Das bedeutet, dass es \emph{wichtiger denn je} ist, das Paket \pkgname{ifpdf} zu benutzen (es arbeitet sowohl mit + {\plainTeX} als auch mit \LaTeX), da der einfache Test, ob \cs{pdfoutput} oder ein anderer \TeX-Grundbefehl + (primitive) definiert ist, nicht verlässlich genug ist für die Entscheidung, ob eine \pdf-Ausgabe erzeugt wird. + Wir haben das rückwärts-kompatibel gemacht, so gut wir das dieses Jahr konnten; nächstes Jahr aber soll + \cs{pdfoutput} so beschaffen sein, dass dieser Befehl auch dann definiert ist, wenn {\dvi}-Code erzeugt wird. + +\item \pdfTeX\ (\url{http://pdftex.org/}) hat viele neue Besonderheiten: + \begin{itemize} + \item Die Befehle \cs{pdfmapfile} und \cs{pdfmapline} ermöglichen einen Font"~Map-Support innerhalb eines + Dokuments. + \item Mikrotypografische Zeichensatz-Expansion (font expansion) kann jetzt viel leichter benutzt werden + \url{http://www.ntg.nl/pipermail/ntg-pdftex/2004-May/000504.html}. + \item Alle Parameter, die früher in der speziellen Konfigurationsdatei \filename{pdftex.cfg} definiert wurden, + müssen jetzt mit Hilfe von \pdfTeX-Grundbefehlen gesetzt werden, typischerweise in + \filename{pdftexconfig.tex}; die Konfigurationsdatei \filename{pdftex.cfg} wird nicht länger unterstützt. + Jede schon bestehende Format-Datei (\filename{.fmt}) muss neu erstellt werden, wenn + \filename{pdftexconfig.tex} geändert wird. + \item Für zusätzliche Informationen siehe das \pdfTeX-Handbuch: \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual}. + \end{itemize} + +\item Der Grundbefehl \cs{input} in \cmdname{tex} (\cmdname{mf} und \cmdname{mpost}) akzeptiert jetzt doppelte + Anführungszeichen und andere Spezialzeichen. Typische Beispiele: + +\begin{verbatim} +\input "filename with spaces" % plain +\input{"filename with spaces"} % latex +\end{verbatim} + + Für zusätzliche Informationen siehe das \Webc-Handbuch: \OnCD{texmf/doc/web2c}. + +\item enc\TeX\ wird jetzt in {\Webc} und damit auch in allen \TeX-Programmen unterstützt. Dazu wird \emph{beim + Generieren neuer Formate} die Option \optname{-enc} benutzt. enc\TeX\ unterstützt allgemein die Umkodierung der + Ein- und Ausgabe und ermöglicht eine volle Unicode-Unterstützung (in \acro{UTF}-8). + Siehe \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/generic/enctex/} und \url{http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html}. + +\item Aleph (\ensuremath{\aleph}), eine neue ">Engine"<, die {\eTeX} und {\OMEGA} vereinigt, ist verfügbar. Ein bisschen + Information darüber finden Sie in \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base} und + \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=aleph}. Das \LaTeX-basierte Aleph-Format heißt + \cmdname{lamed}. + +\item Das neueste \LaTeX-Release enthält eine neue Version der \acro{LPPL}% + \footnote{LPPL: LaTeX Project Public License}, + die jetzt eine offiziell von Debian anerkannte Lizenz ist. Zusammen mit anderen Updates finden Sie Informationen + dazu in den \filename{ltnews}-Dateien in \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/latex/base}. + +\item \cmdname{dvipng} -- ein neues Programm zum Konvertieren von \dvi-Dateien in \acro{PNG}-Bilddateien, ist + Bestandteil von \TL. Siehe \OnCD{texmf/doc/man/man1/dvipng.1}. + +\item Auf Vorschlag des Autors (Claudio~Beccari) haben wir das Paket \pkgname{cbgreek} auf einen ">mittelgroßen"< Satz + von Fonts reduziert. Herausgenommen wurden die ">invisible"<, Outline- und ">Transparency"<-Fonts, + die relativ selten benutzt werden -- denn wir benötigen den Platz. In seinem vollen Umfang ist das Paket natürlich + weiterhin auf \acro{CTAN} verfügbar (\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/greek/cb/}). + +\item \cmdname{oxdvi} wurde entfernt; benutzen Sie jetzt \cmdname{xdvi}. + +\item Die \cmdname{ini}- und \cmdname{vir}-Befehle (Links) für \cmdname{tex}, \cmdname{mf} and \cmdname{mpost} sind + nicht mehr länger verfügbar, so auch \cmdname{initex}. Das ist kein richtiger Verlust, da die + \cmdname{ini}-Funktionalität schon seit mehreren Jahren über den Aufrufparameter \optname{-ini} zur Verfügung + steht. + +\item Die Unterstützung der Plattform \cmdname{i386-openbsd} wurde entfernt. Da das Paket \pkgname{tetex} im + \acro{BSD}-Ports-System zur Verfügung steht und Binaries für \acro{GNU}/""Linux and Free\acro{BSD} erhältlich sind, + erschien es sinnvoll, die Zeit der Freiwilligen besser zu nutzen. + +\item Zumindest auf \cmdname{sparc-solaris} müssen Sie ggf. die En"-viron"-ment-Variable \envname{LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH} + setzen, um die \pkgname{t1utils}-Programme laufen lassen zu können. Ursache dafür ist, dass die Programme mit C++ + kompiliert wurden und dass es keinen Standard-Platz für Laufzeit-Bibliotheken gibt (das ist zwar auch im Jahre + 2004 nicht neu, wurde aber bisher nicht dokumentiert.) Unter \cmdname{mips-irix} werden die + \acro{MIPS}pro-7.4-Laufzeit-Bibliotheken benötigt. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Gegenwart}\label{tlcurrent} + +Im Jahr 2005 gab es -- wie üblich -- viele aktualisierte Pakete und +Programme. Die Struktur des Systems blieb weitgehend gleich, mit folgenden +Ausnahmen: + +\begin{itemize} +\item Die neuen Skripte \cmdname{texconfig-sys}, \cmdname{updmap-sys} und + \cmdname{fmtutil-sys} für die systemweite Konfiguration des Systems wurden + hinzugefügt. Die Skripte \cmdname{texconfig}, \cmdname{updmap} und + \cmdname{fmtutil} modifizieren nun die Konfiguration für einen einzelnen + Nutzer unter \dirname{\$HOME/.texlive2005}. + Siehe Abschnitt~\ref{sec:texconfig} auf Seite~\pageref{sec:texconfig}. +\item Analog spezifizieren die Pfade \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} und + \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} nun, wo die Konfigurationsdateien gefunden + werden (für einen einzelnen Nutzer bzw. systemweit). Möglicherweise + müssen Sie daher vorhandene eigene Versionen von + \filename{fmtutil.cnf} oder \filename{updmap.cfg} in die entsprechenden + Pfade verschieben. Alternativ können Sie \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} und + \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} in der Datei \filename{texmf.cnf} umdefinieren, + dass diese auf die Speicherorte Ihrer eigenen Konfigurationsdateien + verweisen. Siehe Abschnitt~\ref{sec:texmftrees} auf Seite~\pageref{sec:texmftrees}. +\item Im letzten Jahr wurden für die Programme, die DVI als Ausgabeformat + erzeugen, die Primitive wie \verb|\pdfoutput| auf undefiniert gesetzt, + obwohl immer \cmdname{pdfetex} verwendet wurde. In diesem Jahr wurde dies + wie angekündigt nicht mehr getan. Falls in Dokumenten nun die Abfrage + \verb|\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined| zum Test benutzt wird, ob PDF oder DVI + erzeugt wird, müssen diese geändert werden! Benutzen Sie das Paket + \pkgname{ifpdf.sty}, das auch mit dem geänderten Verhalten funktioniert, + oder orientieren Sie sich an dessen Code. +\item Im letzten Jahr wurden die Formate so geändert, dass sie Zeichen + als 8-bit ausgeben. Die neue TCX-Datei \filename{empty.tcx} eröffnet nun + einen einfachen Weg, die originale Ausgabe mit \verb|^^|-Notation zu + erhalten, wenn Sie es wünschen: +\begin{verbatim} +latex --translate-file=empty.tcx yourfile.tex +\end{verbatim} +\item Das Programm \cmdname{dvipdfmx} für die Konvertierung von DVI nach + PDF ist neu hinzugekommen. Dies ist eine aktiv gepflegte Erweiterung von + \cmdname{dvipdfm}, das zwar noch verfügbar ist, aber als obsolet angesehen + werden kann. +\item Ebenso sind die Programme \cmdname{pdfopen} und \cmdname{pdfclose} neu + hinzugekommen. Diese erlauben ein Reload von PDF-Dateien im Acrobat Reader, + ohne diesen neu starten zu müssen (andere PDF-Viewer wie \cmdname{xpdf}, + \cmdname{gv} oder \cmdname{gsview} hatten damit nie Probleme). +\item Aus Konsistenzgründen wurden die Variablen \envname{HOMETEXMF} und + \envname{VARTEXMF} in \envname{TEXMFHOME} bzw. \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} + umbenannt. Weiterhin existiert \envname{TEXMFVAR} für einen Baum, der + spezifisch für einen einzelnen Nutzer ist. +\end{itemize} + +% ------------------------------------------------------------- +\subsection{Zukunft} + +\emph{{\TL} ist nicht perfekt! -- und wird es auch nie sein.} Wir planen im Abstand von +jeweils einem Jahr Neuauf"|lagen zu produzieren, die umfangreichere +Hilfstexte, mehr Hilfsprogramme, mehr Installationshilfen und (natürlich) +den ständig verbesserten und überprüften Satz der Makros und Zeichensätze +enthalten. Diese Arbeit wird von Freiwilligen in ihrer knappen Freizeit +geleistet. Viel Arbeit steht noch an. Wenn Sie uns helfen können, +zögern Sie keine Sekunde, sich bei uns zu melden. + +Verbesserungen, Anregungen und Erweiterungen für künftige Ausgaben +der {\TK} senden Sie bitte an:\hfill\null + +\begin{quote} +Sebastian Rahtz\\ +{}7 Stratfield Road\\ +Oxford OX2 7BG\\ +United Kingdom\\ +E"~Mail: \email{tex-live@tug.org}\\ +\url{http://tug.org/texlive/} +\end{quote} + +Neue Versionen, Anmerkungen und zusätzliches Material werden über +die \CTAN-Server im Verzeichnis \dirname{info/texlive} zur Verfügung gestellt. +Im \acro{WWW} können Sie sich über die Adresse +\url{http://www.tug.org/tex-live/} informieren und die Bestellformalitäten +einsehen. + +\end{document} diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/live4ht.cfg b/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/live4ht.cfg new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4d2aa6b940a --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/live4ht.cfg @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +% tex4ht configuration file for the TeX Live documentation. +% Accumulated over many years. Public domain. +% +% html specifies the main output format. +% info for extra debugging info in the log files. + +% better approach is to have html in one piece (including footnotes). +% also the newest TeX4ht could produce UTF-8 output (-utf8 option) +\Preamble{charset=iso-8859-1,html,info,fn-in} + +% add extra stylesheet +\Configure{@HEAD}{\HCode{% +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="\jobname.css" />\Hnewline +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="tex-live.css" />\Hnewline +}} + +% or LaTeX complains it is missing. +\begin{document} + +\EndPreamble + +% simplify output for HTML. We leave TeX and LaTeX alone, since tex4ht +% actually does the lowered E (and raised A) in CSS. +\def\OMEGA{Omega} +\def\LaTeXe{LaTeX2e} +\def\eTeX{e-\TeX} +\def\acro#1{#1} +\def\MF{Metafont} +\def\BibTeX{BibTeX} +\def\warningbox{} +\def\endwarningbox{} + +\newif\ifhackliterals +\ifx\tldocenglish\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocrussian\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocgerman\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +% +\ifhackliterals + % these definitions cause "missing } inserted" at \end{tabularx} in + % French and Czech. don't know why. + % + % don't make these into links, as happens with \path. We only have a couple + % special characters that actually occur. + \def\dirname{\texttt\bgroup\catcode`\$=12 \catcode`\_=12 \finishliteral} + \def\finishliteral#1{#1\egroup} + \let\filename=\dirname +\fi diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/tex-live.sty b/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/tex-live.sty new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..21d9481460d --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/german/texlive-ge/tex-live.sty @@ -0,0 +1,429 @@ +% $Id: //depot/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/tex-live.sty#12 $ $Author: karl $ $Date: 2005/09/24 $ +% TeX Live documentation style. Written by many people over many years. +% Public domain. +% +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01] +\ProvidesPackage{tex-live}[2005/09/24 v1.5 TeX Live documentation style] +% +\RequirePackage{alltt} +\RequirePackage{array} +\RequirePackage{colortbl} +\RequirePackage{comment} +\RequirePackage{float} +\RequirePackage{graphicx} +\RequirePackage{longtable} +\RequirePackage{shortvrb} +\RequirePackage[normalem]{ulem} +\RequirePackage[obeyspaces]{url} +\RequirePackage{xspace} +% +\RequirePackage{lmodern} +\usepackage{textcomp}% including \textbullet +\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} +\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} +% +% for a proper \acro command (even in the context of the definition in +% ltugboat -- \DRC overrides without checking) +\RequirePackage{relsize} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\acro}[1]{\textsmaller{#1}\@} +% +\RequirePackage{fancyvrb} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{fverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\footnotesize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{sverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\small} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{boxedverbatim} + {Verbatim}{fontsize=\scriptsize,frame=single} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{Verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\def\verbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\boxedverbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[frame=single,fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\listinginput#1#2{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize,firstnumber=#1,numbers=left]{#2}} +\MakeShortVerb\| +% +% +% Done with packages. +% +% Page layout. +\advance\textwidth by 1.1in +\advance\oddsidemargin by -.55in +\advance\evensidemargin by -.55in +% +\advance\textheight by 1in +\advance\topmargin by -.5in +\advance\footskip by -.5in +\pagestyle{headings} +% +% LaTeX parameters. +\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.85} +\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.86} +\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.1} +\renewcommand{\belowcaptionskip}{4pt} +\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} +\setcounter{topnumber}{5} +\setcounter{totalnumber}{5} +% +% linebreaking, etc. +\hbadness=4000 +\vbadness=4000 +\emergencystretch=.1\hsize +\relpenalty=500 +% +\def\slash{/\penalty\z@\hskip\z@skip } +% +% various sorts of names +\newcommand*{\pkgname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% package name +\newcommand*{\optname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% (package,class) option name +\newcommand*{\cmdname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% command name +\newcommand*{\colname}[1]{\emph{#1}}% collection name +\newcommand*{\dirname}[1]{\path{#1}}% directory name +\newcommand*{\filename}[1]{\path{#1}}% file name +\newcommand*{\envname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% environment variable name +\newcommand{\code}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\file}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\prog}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\samp}[1]{`\texttt{#1}'} +\newcommand{\var}[1]{{\sl #1}}% not \textsl, for roman not typewriter slanted. +\newcommand{\ttvar}[1]{\texttt{\var{#1}}} +% +% underlined command input. +\def\Ucom#1{% + \uline{\rule[-.2\baselineskip]{0pt}{.9\baselineskip}\ttfamily #1}} +% +% \CDref is for url's with a #, where we need to write the target url and +% displayed url separately in the input, due to catcode madness. +% (We could simplify/remove this next time, I think.) +\def\CDref#1#2{\texttt{#1}} +% +% \OnCD is currently for any other reference to a file or directory in +% the distribution. PDF readers only open .pdf files, though, so we +% should change this to only use \href for those. Or more likely use +% different macros in the source. +\def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{\path{#1}}} +% +% \href incorrectly appends .pdf to anything without an extension; these +% definitions using \hyper@linkurl do not, but they fail for .pdf +% references -- which are the only ones that work anyway. So this is +% useless, in practice. +%\def\CDref#1#2{\hyper@linkurl{#2}{../../../../#1}} +%\def\OnCD#1{\hyper@linkurl{\path{#1}}{../../../../#1}} + +% GUI menu/button/tab sequence: +\def\guiseq#1{\textsf{#1}} +\def\arw{\unskip$\rightarrow$\ignorespaces} +% +% Special names. +\def\dpi{$\,$dpi\xspace} +\def\bs{{\protect\normalfont\ttfamily\char'134}} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\cs}[1]{{\normalfont\ttfamily\char`\\#1}} +\def\Q#1{\par\vskip6pt\leftline{#1}\par} +\def\hyph{-} +% +% many abbreviations. +\newcommand{\CS}{$\mathcal{C}\kern-.1667em\lower.5ex% + \hbox{$\mathcal{S}$}\kern-.075em $} +\def\AFMtoTFM{\cmdname{AFM2TFM}\null} +\def\bv{\emph{Baskerville}} +\let\BV=\bv +\def\Dash{\unskip\nobreak\thinspace---\thinspace\ignorespaces} +\def\dvicopy{\cmdname{dvicopy}} +\def\dvidvi{\cmdname{dvidvi}} +\def\dvips{\cmdname{dvips}} +\def\eTeX{$\varepsilon$-\TeX} +\def\fpTeX{\textrm{fp}\TeX\xspace} +\def\GFtoDVI{\cmdname{GFtoDVI}\null} +\def\GFtoPK{\cmdname{GFtoPK}\null} +\def\GFtype{\cmdname{GFtype}} +\def\KPS{Kpathsea} +\def\La{La} +\def\OMEGA{$\Omega$} +\def\OzMF{OzMF} +\def\OzMP{OzMP} +\def\OzTeX{O\kern-.03em z\kern-.15em\TeX} +\def\p.{p.\,} +\def\PKtype{\cmdname{PKtype}} +\def\PLtoTF{\cmdname{PLtoTF}\null} +\def\ProTeXt{Pro\TeX t} +\def\teTeX{\textrm{te}\TeX\xspace} +\def\TeXLive{\TeX{} Live\xspace} +\def\TFtoPL{\cmdname{TFtoPL}\null} +\def\TK{\textsf{\TeX\ Collection}} +\let\TL=\TeXLive +\def\TypeI{Type~1} +\def\VFtoVP{\cmdname{VFtoVP}\null} +\def\VPtoVF{\cmdname{VPtoVF}\null} +\def\Thanh{H\`an~Th\^e\llap{\raise 0.5ex\hbox{\'{}}}~Th\`anh} +\def\XEmTeX{\textrm{XEm}\TeX\xspace} +\def\XEmacs{\textrm{XEmacs}\xspace} +\def\Webc{Web2C} +\providecommand*{\CD}{\acro{CD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\CTAN}{\acro{CTAN}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\DVD}{\acro{DVD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\HTML}{\acro{HTML}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\MacOSX}{Mac\,\acro{OS\,X}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\PS}{Post\-Script\xspace} +\providecommand*{\TDS}{\acro{TDS}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\dvi}{\acro{DVI}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\web}{\texttt{web}\xspace} + +% Include an image. +% #1 - name of image (pictures/#1.jpg, always .jpg please) +% #2 - bb for html +% #3 - width for TeX +% +\def\tlimage#1#2#3{% + \ifnum \Status=2 % html, want relative path in output + \includegraphics[#2]{../../general/texlive-common/pictures/#1.jpg} + \else % not html, handled by TEXINPUTS in Makefile + \includegraphics[width=#3]{pictures/#1.jpg} + \fi + \\[5mm] +} +% +% description-like environment that uses tt instead of bf, and doesn't +% go to the left margin. Without the \hfil, get an underfull box. +% Don't know why \descriptionlabel doesn't. +% +\newenvironment{ttdescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt % these lists tend to have short descriptions + \parindent=0pt + \let\makelabel=\ttdescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\ttdescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\ttfamily #1\hfil} +% +% Likewise, for commands using sans serif. +\newenvironment{cmddescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt + \let\makelabel=\cmddescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\cmddescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\sffamily #1\hfil} + +% General squeezed itemize. +\newenvironment{itemize*}% + {\begin{itemize}% + \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}% + \setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}% + {\end{itemize}} + +\newsavebox{\wbox} +\newenvironment{warningbox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\wbox} + \begin{minipage}{.95\textwidth}} + {\end{minipage}\end{lrbox}\fbox{\usebox{\wbox}}} +% +% lrbox is used as a representation marking. I changed it to +% lrBox in tne source file, to get closer to logical marking +\newsavebox{\mylrbox} +\newenvironment{lrBox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\mylrbox}} + {\end{lrbox}} + + +% emacs-page output setup +% +\ifx \HCode\UnDef + \providecommand{\Status}{0}% running TeX +\else + \providecommand{\Status}{2}% running TeX4ht +\fi +%\typeout{Status is \Status} +% +\newif\ifSingleColumn +% +% By default, we won't be creating hyperlinks. +\def\href#1#2{#2} +\def\hypertarget#1#2{} +\def\email#1{\href{mailto:#1}{\path{#1}}} % \path comes from url +% +\definecolor{hypercolor}{rgb}{0.5,0.0,0.5} % purplish external links. +% +% +\ifcase\Status + % \Status = 0 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in DVI format} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 1 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in PDF format} + \RequirePackage[breaklinks, + colorlinks,linkcolor=hypercolor,citecolor=hypercolor, + pagecolor=hypercolor,urlcolor=hypercolor, + filecolor=hypercolor, + bookmarksopen, + %pdfstartview={FitBH}, + hyperindex] + {hyperref} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 2 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in HTML format} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + % read our config file, live4ht.cfg; q.v., for more definitions. + % hyperref load must come after the tex4ht load. + \RequirePackage[live4ht]{tex4ht} + \RequirePackage[tex4ht]{hyperref} \hyperlinkfileprefix{} + % definitions need simplifying for TeX4ht to make relative paths work. + \def\CDref#1#2{\href{../../../../#1}{#2}} + \def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{#1}} + \or + % \Status = 3 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a Baskerville issue} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \RequirePackage{bvoutln}% outline of baskerville + \SingleColumnfalse + \RequirePackage{multicol} + \or + % \Status = 4 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a TUB article} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \SingleColumnfalse + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} +\fi +% +\ifnum \Status=4 +\else + \RequirePackage{texnames} + \providecommand\TeXXeT{\TeX-{}-% + \kern-.1emX\kern-.125em\lower.5ex\hbox{E}\kern-.1667emT\@} + \def\MP{MetaPost} + \let\mf\MF + \newcommand\ConTeXt{C\kern-.0333emon\-\kern-.0667em\TeX\kern-.0333emt} + \newcommand\MIKTEX{MiK\kern-.025em \TeX}% per www.miktex.org + % from pictex.tex: + \ifx\PiC\undefined \def\PiC{P\kern-.12em\lower.5ex\hbox{I}\kern-.075emC} \fi + \ifx\PiCTeX\undefined \def\PiCTeX{\PiC\kern-.11em\TeX} \fi +\fi +% +% hacking at sections etc., to pay attention to baskerville status +\newcommand{\@condend@multicols}{% + \ifSingleColumn + \else + \def\@tempa{multicols}% + \ifx\@tempa\@currenvir + \end{multicols}% + \fi + \fi +} +\let\Section\section +\renewcommand{\section}{% + \@ifstar + {\Section*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@section + }% +} +\def\@full@section[#1]#2{% + \Section[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} +\let\SubSection\subsection +\renewcommand{\subsection}{% + \@ifstar{\SubSection*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@subsection + } +} +\def\@full@subsection[#1]#2{% + \SubSection[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} + +% calm things down a bit if we're in a multiple-column version +\ifSingleColumn +\else + \def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini + \parsep \z@ + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \let\@listi\@listI + \@listi + \def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii + \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii + \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 1\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \partopsep \z@ + \itemsep \topsep + } + \def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv + \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv + \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi + \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } +\fi +% +% array package stuff +\def\arraybackslash{\let\\=\@arraycr} +\newcolumntype{P}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}} +% +% shaded rows (using facilities of colortbl) +% +\definecolor{pale}{gray}{.9} +\newcount\colrow +\gdef\RowColor{pale} +\def\SetRowColor{% + \rowcolor{\RowColor}% + \global\advance\colrow by1\relax + \ifodd\colrow + \gdef\RowColor{pale}% + \else + \gdef\RowColor{white}% + \fi +} +% redefine to hack up a reference even though we don't need it... +\renewcommand\@bibitem[1]{\if@filesw \immediate\write\@auxout + {\string\bibcite{#1}{?}}\fi\ignorespaces} +% +% \unknownTeXlive is a dummy texlive entry for the biblio +\newcommand\unknownTeXlive[2][\relax]{\textbf{\textsc{unknown}}% + \global\@all@unknown\expandafter{\the\@all@unknown{#2}}% +} +\newtoks\@all@unknown +\global\@all@unknown{} +\AtEndDocument{\@message@unknowns} +\def\@message@unknowns{\edef\@tempa{\the\@all@unknown}% + \ifx\@tempa\@empty + \else + \def\@tempa{*** TeX live package location of }% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns\the\@all@unknown\@empty + \fi +} +\def\@output@unknowns#1{\edef\@tempb{#1}% + \ifx\@tempb\@empty + \typeout{ unknown}% + \else + \message{\@tempa#1,}% + \def\@tempa{}% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns + \fi +} + + +% Silence font warnings about no bold typewriter in LM. +\def\@font@warning#1{}% + +% Silence hyperref warnings about \kern. +\def\HyPsd@Warning#1{}% + +\endinput diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/Makefile b/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..468914c3638 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ +# $Id: //depot/Master/texmf-doc/source/english/texlive-en/Makefile#10 $ $Date: 2004/11/16 $ $Author: karl $ +# Makefile for TeX Live documentation. Public domain. +doc = live + +all: pdf html + +env = TEXINPUTS=../../general/texlive-common:; export TEXINPUTS; + +pdf: + rm -f *.aux *.toc *.lof *.lot *.xref* *.tmp *.out + $(env) pdflatex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{1}\input $(doc)' + $(env) pdflatex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{1}\input $(doc)' + $(env) pdflatex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{1}\input $(doc)' + +html: + rm -f *.aux *.toc *.lof *.lot *.xref* *.tmp *.out *.4tc +# this sequence is equivalent to running "ht latex $(doc)". We do it +# this way so we can \def\Status for the \ifcase in tex-live.sty. + $(env) latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{2}\input $(doc)' + $(env) latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{2}\input $(doc)' + $(env) latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{2}\input $(doc)' + $(env) latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{2}\input $(doc)' + $(env) tex4ht $(doc) + $(env) t4ht $(doc) + +clean: + rm -f *.aux *.log *.blg *.toc *.out *.lot tex4ht.ps *.4* + rm -f *.xref* *.lg *.idv *.out *.otc *.tmp tmp.* + rm -f live.dvi live.ps + +realclean: clean + rm -f live.pdf + rm -f *.html *.htm *.css *.gif *.jpg + + +insttop = ../../../doc +instfiles = live*html live.css *.png live.pdf +install: + lang=`dirname \`pwd\` | sed 's,.*/,,'`; \ + tldir=`pwd | sed 's,.*/,,'`; \ + instdir=$(insttop)/$$lang/$$tldir; \ + echo tldoc install to $$instdir; \ + for f in $(instfiles); do \ + cmp -s $$f $$instdir/$$f && continue; \ + p4 edit $$instdir/$$f; \ + cp $$f $$instdir/$$f; \ + done + @echo "Don't forget to p4 submit." + + +# don't use these, they don't work. +dvi: + rm -f *.aux *.toc + latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{0}\input $(doc)' + latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{0}\input $(doc)' + latex '\nonstopmode\def\Status{0}\input $(doc)' + +baskerville: + rm -f *.aux *.toc + latex '\def\Status{3}\input $(doc)' + latex '\def\Status{3}\input $(doc)' + latex '\def\Status{3}\input $(doc)' + +tugboat: + rm -f *.aux *.toc + latex '\def\Status{4}\input $(doc)' + latex '\def\Status{4}\input $(doc)' + latex '\def\Status{4}\input $(doc)' diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/live.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/live.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..518fd463fae --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/live.tex @@ -0,0 +1,3451 @@ +% iso8859-2 +% $Id: live.tex,v 24 2005/11/01 +% TeX Live documentation. +% Originally written by Sebastian Rahtz and Michel Goossens, +% now maintained by Karl Berry and others. +% Polish translation and additions by Staszek Wawrykiewicz et al. +% Public domain. +% ---- +\documentclass{article} +\let\tldocenglish=0 % for live4ht.cfg +\def\La{La} +\let\textsl\textit +\usepackage{tex-livep} +\usepackage{polski} %% for PL +\usepackage[latin2]{inputenc} %% for PL +\exhyphenpenalty=10000 %% for PL +\def\Dash{---} +\widowpenalty=10000 +\clubpenalty=10000 +%% redefined MF logo! %% for PL +%\def\MF{\textlogo{META}\-\textlogo{FONT}} %% for PL +%\def\MP{\textlogo{META}\-\textlogo{POST}} %% *** TP *** +\def\shac{\char178} % for PL + qtmr (HTML) +\def\aac{\char225} % for PL + qtmr (HTML) +\def\iac{\char237} % for PL + qtmr (HTML) +\renewcommand{\samp}[1]{,,\texttt{#1}''} %% for PL +%% Polish style for sections +\makeatletter +\renewcommand{\@seccntformat}[1]{% + \csname the#1\endcsname.\hspace{.5em}} %% +\def\numberline#1{\hb@xt@\@tempdima{#1.\hfill}} +\makeatother +\hyphenation{tex-basic la-tex pdf-tex} +%% ----- +\begin{document} + +\title{{\huge \textit{Przewodnik po \protect\TL}\\\strut} + {\LARGE \textsf\TK{} 2005} +} + +\author{Redakcja: Sebastian Rahtz \& Karl Berry \\[3mm] + \url{http://tug.org/texlive/} +} + +\date{Listopad 2005} + +\maketitle +%\thispagestyle{empty} % no need for page number +%\newpage +%\clearpage % however (SW) + +\begin{multicols}{2} +\tableofcontents +\listoftables +\end{multicols} +%-------------------------- +\section{Wstêp}\label{sec:intro} +Niniejsza dokumentacja opisuje oprogramowanie \TL{} -- +dystrybucjê \TeX-a/\LaTeX-a dla systemów \acro{GNU}/Linux, ró¿nych +wersji Unix +(w~tym \MacOSX{}) oraz Windows. (Uwaga: dystrybucja jest ma³o przydatna dla +starszych systemów Mac i~\acro{MS-DOS}.) \TL{} zawiera skompilowane +programy \TeX{}, \LaTeXe{}, \mbox{\MF}, \MP, +\BibTeX{} i~wiele innych oraz bogaty zestaw pakietów makr o~wielorakim +zastosowaniu, a tak¿e fonty i~dokumentacje, umo¿liwiaj±ce sk³ad publikacji +w~wielu jêzykach. \TL{} wchodzi w~sk³ad \TK{} +(kolekcji opisanej w~skrócie poni¿ej), utworzonej wspólnym wysi³kiem grup +u¿ytkowników systemu \TeX. + +Nowsze wersje pakietów mo¿na znale¼æ na serwerach \acro{CTAN}, np. +\url{http://www.ctan.org}. + +Lista najwa¿niejszych zmian, jakie dokonano w~tej edycji \TL{} +znajduje siê w~czê¶ci~\ref{sec:tlcurrent}, na str.~\pageref{sec:tlcurrent}. + +Nie opisujemy tu, czym jest system \TeX{}, a~jedynie kwestie instalacji +i~konfiguracji oprogramowania \TL. +Pocz±tkuj±cy u¿ytkownicy mog± zapoznaæ siê z~podstawowymi pojêciami +np. w~artykule {\it Przewodnik po systemie \TeX\/}: +\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/polish/tex-virtual-academy-pl/cototex.html}. + +\subsection{Podstawy u¿ycia \protect\TL{}} +\label{sec:basic} + +Z~\TL{} mo¿na korzystaæ na co najmniej trzy sposoby: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item uruchamiaæ wszystkie programy bezpo¶rednio z~p³ytki \DVD{} +(patrz rozdzia³~\ref{sec:multiple-dist} na str.~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}); +na dysku twardym znajd± siê jedynie niezbêdne pliki konfiguracyjne +i~chocia¿ wydajno¶æ bêdzie mniejsza ni¿ w~wypadku instalacji na twardym dysku, +instalacja taka bêdzie w pe³ni funkcjonalna. + +\item zainstalowaæ czê¶æ lub ca³y system na lokalnym twardym dysku; + jest to najczêstsze wykorzystanie \TL; wymagane jest + co najmniej 100 megabajtów, ok. 310 megabajtów dla instalacji + zalecanej i~ok. 730 megabajtów dla instalacji kompletnej. + +\item doinstalowaæ wybrane pakiety do istniej±cego systemu \TeX{} + lub systemu \TL{} zainstalowanego wcze¶niej. +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent Szczegó³y procedur instalacyjnych podane zostan± dalej +w~rozdzia³ach po¶wiêconych konkretnym systemom operacyjnym, niemniej jednak +podamy tu skrócony przepis: + +\begin{itemize*} + +\item g³ównym skryptem instalacyjnym dla systemów Unix i~\MacOSX{} jest +\texttt{install-tl.sh}; + +\item pojedyncze pakiety instalujemy za pomoc± skryptu +\texttt{install-pkg.sh}; + +\item programem instalacyjnym dla Windows jest \texttt{tlpmgui.exe}. +Program ten mo¿e byæ u¿yty wielokrotnie do dodawania b±d¼ usuwania pakietów, +a~tak¿e do zarz±dzania instalacj± (patrz czê¶æ~\ref{sec:win-install} i~\ref{sec:win-managing}). + +\end{itemize*} + +\subsection{Dostêpna pomoc} +\label{sec:help} + +Spo³eczno¶æ \TeX-owa jest bardzo aktywna i~pomocna, st±d te¿ wiêkszo¶æ +powa¿nych zapytañ nie zostanie pozostawiona bez odpowiedzi. Przed zadaniem +pytania warto je uprzednio dobrze przemy¶leæ i~sformu³owaæ, poniewa¿ +respondenci to wolontariusze, w¶ród których znale¼æ siê mog± mniej lub +bardziej do¶wiadczeni u¿ytkownicy. +(Je¶li preferujemy komercyjne wsparcie techniczne, mo¿emy zamiast +\TL{} zakupiæ system u~jednego z~dostawców, których listê znale¼æ +mo¿na na \url{http://tug.org/interest.html#vendors}.) + +Oto lista ¼róde³ pomocy, w~kolejno¶ci przez nas rekomendowanej: + +\begin{description} +\item [\TeX{} \acro{FAQ}] \TeX-owy \acro{FAQ} jest obszernym zbiorem +odpowiedzi na wszelkie rodzaje pytañ, od najprostszych do najbardziej +zaawansowanych. Jest on za³±czony na \TL{} w~katalogu \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en}, +a~tak¿e dostêpny w~sieci: \url{http://faq.tug.org}. Proponujemy +tam najpierw zajrzeæ. Uruchomiono te¿ serwis \acro{FAQ} +w~jêzyku polskim: \url{http://faq.gust.org.pl}. + +\item [\TeX{} Catalogue] Je¶li poszukujemy konkretnego pakietu, fontu, +programu itp., polecamy \TeX{} Catalogue. Jest to obszerne zestawienie +wszelkich tematów dotycz±cych \TeX-a. Patrz: +\OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/catalogue} +lub \url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue}. + +\item [\TeX{} Web Resources] Strona \url{http://tug.org/interest.html} +zawiera wiele odsy³aczy, w~szczególno¶ci do ksi±¿ek, podrêczników +i~artyku³ów po¶wiêconych wszelkim aspektom pracy z~systemem \TeX. + +\item [archiwa pomocy] Dwa g³ówne forum pomocy to grupa +Usenet \url{news:comp.text.tex} oraz lista dyskusyjna +\email{texhax@tug.org}. Warto przeszukaæ archiwa list dyskusyjnych +zawieraj±ce mnóstwo pytañ i odpowiedzi zbieranych przez wiele lat; +odpowiednio \url{http://groups.google.com/groups?group=comp.text.tex} oraz +\url{http://tug.org/mail-archives/texhax}. Nie zaszkodzi +skorzystanie z~wyszukiwarki, np. \url{http://www.google.com}. + +\item [wysy³anie pytañ] Je¶li nadal nie znajdujemy rozwi±zania problemu, +mo¿emy wys³aæ pytanie do \dirname{comp.text.tex} korzystaj±c z~Google, +czytnika wiadomo¶ci b±d¼ pisz±c list na adres \email{texhax@tug.org}. +Przedtem jednak \emph{nale¿y} zapoznaæ siê z~poradami dotycz±cymi sposobu +zadawania pytañ, zawartymi w~\acro{FAQ}: +\url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=askquestion}. +Polscy u¿ytkownicy maj± do dyspozycji listê dyskusyjn± GUST (Grupy +U¿ytkowników Systemu \TeX); informacje o niej +znajdziemy na stronie \url{http://www.gust.org.pl}. + +\item [wsparcie \TL{}] Gdy chcemy zg³osiæ b³±d b±d¼ sugestie +i~komentarze dotycz±ce dystrybucji \TL{}, instalacji lub dokumentacji, +mamy do dyspozycji listê dyskusyjn± \email{tex-live@tug.org}. Gdy kwestia +dotyczy konkretnego programu (pakietu makr itp.) zawartego na \TL{}, +lepiej jednak skierowaæ pytanie do osoby opiekuj±cej siê danym programem +lub na specjalistyczn± listê dyskusyjn±. + +\end{description} + +Druga strona medalu to pomaganie tym, którzy maj± problemy. Zarówno +\dirname{comp.text.tex}, jak i~\code{texhax} (oraz lista dyskusyjna GUST) +s± otwarte dla ka¿dego, +a~wiêc zapraszamy do w³±czenia siê, czytania wiadomo¶ci i~pomagania +innym w~miarê w³asnych mo¿liwo¶ci. Witamy w¶ród u¿ytkowników +systemu \TeX! + +%-------------------------- +\section{Struktura \protect\TeX\protect\ Live}\label{sec:struct-tl} + +Omówimy tutaj strukturê i~zawarto¶æ dystrybucji \TL{}, a~tak¿e \TK{} -- +p³ytki \DVD, w~sk³ad której wchodzi \TL. + +\subsection{Rozmaito¶æ dystrybucji: \protect\pkgname{live}, + \protect\pkgname{inst}, \protect\pkgname{protext}} +\label{sec:multiple-dist} + +Ograniczona pojemno¶æ formatu \acro{CD-ROM} zmusi³a nas +do podzielenia \TK{} na nastêpuj±ce dystrybucje: + +\begin{description} + +\item [live] kompletny system na \acro{DVD}, z mo¿liwo¶ci± uruchamiania +bezpo¶rednio z~p³yty (zbyt obszerny aby siê zmie¶ci³ na \acro{CD-ROM}); +p³ytka zawiera ponadto zrzut zawarto¶ci archiwów \CTAN{}, niezale¿ne +od \TL{} dystrybucje \pkgname{protext} (dla Windows), Mac\TeX\ (dla \MacOSX) +oraz wybór dodatkowych pakietów w~katalogu \texttt{texmf-extra}. +P³ytka \DVD{} otrzyma³a nazwê \TK. + +\CTAN, \pkgname{protext}, Mac\TeX{} i~\texttt{texmf-extra} nie spe³niaj± +przyjêtych dla \TL{} wymogów dotycz±cych swobody kopiowania, wobec +tego nale¿y ten fakt uwzglêdniæ przy redystrybucji b±d¼ modyfikacji zawarto¶ci +wymienionych katalogów. + +\item [inst(alowany)] kompletny system na \CD, gdzie wszystkie pakiety +zosta³y skompresowane; p³ytka ta nie nadaje siê do bezpo¶redniego +uruchamiania programów, a~jedynie instalacji na twardym dysku. + +\item [protext] dystrybucja dla Windows, oparta na dystrybucji \MIKTEX +rozszerzonej o~dodatkowe narzêdzia; ca³kowicie niezale¿na od \TL; +\ProTeXt\ posiada w³asny, ³atwy w~obs³udze program instalacyjny i~równie¿ +mo¿e byæ uruchamiany bezpo¶rednio z~p³ytki. Strona domowa projektu +to \url{http://tug.org/protext}. \ProTeXt\ dostarczono na \pkgname{live} +\DVD oraz na odrêbnym no¶niku~\CD. + +%\item [demo] dystrybucja na \CD-ie, pozwalaj±ca zarówno na uruchamianie +%bezpo¶rednio z~no¶nika, jak i~zainstalowanie na dysku; wersja ta jest nieco +%ubo¿sza od wersji pe³nej: brak tu bardzo obszernego zestawu \acro{CJK} +%(wsparcie dla jêzyków: chiñskiego, japoñskiego i~koreañskiego) oraz równie +%obszernych pakietów rzadziej u¿ywanych fontów (cm-super i~cbtype1), +%znajdziemy tu jedynie programy dla systemów Linux, MacOSX i~Windows. + +\end{description} + +Poszczególne dystrybucje s± rozpoznawalne po nazwie pliku +\texttt{00\var{typ}.TL}, znajduj±cego siê w~g³ównym katalogu ka¿dej z~p³ytek. + +Ka¿da z~grup u¿ytkowników systemu \TeX{} mo¿e rozpowszechniaæ dowoln± +p³ytkê wedle w³asnych potrzeb i~uznania (\acro{TUG} dostarcza swoim +cz³onkom wszystkie trzy p³ytki). + +\subsection{G³ówne katalogi} +\label{sec:tld} + +Poni¿ej wymieniono wa¿niejsze podkatalogi g³ównego katalogu dystrybucji \TL. +Na p³ytce \pkgname{live} \DVD ca³a dystrybucja \TL{} zosta³a +umieszczona w katalogu \dirname{texlive}, nie za¶ w~katalogu g³ównym +(poni¿ej traktujemy go jako katalog g³ówny we wszystkich odniesieniach +dotycz±cych \TL). + +\smallskip +\begingroup + \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} % open up interrow spacing +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}lp{.78\hsize}} +bin & wykonywalne programy \TeX-owe, zorganizowane w~podkatalogach wed³ug + platform systemowych; \\ + %MacOSX & programy pomocnicze dla u¿ytkowników MacOSX (patrz + % czê¶æ~\ref{sec:mac-install} na str.~\pageref{sec:mac-install}); \\ +source & ¼ród³a wszystkich programów, w³±cznie z~g³ównymi dystrybucjami + \Webc{} \TeX-a i~\MF{}-a; s± one umieszczone w~skompresowanym programem + bzip2 archiwum tar; \\ +support & ró¿ne programy zwi±zane z~\TeX-em, które \emph{nie} + s± domy¶lnie instalowane, takie jak Musix\TeX{} i~inne programy pomocnicze; + dla u¿ytkowników systemów Windows do³±czono ponadto szereg programów + (edytory, ,,shelle TeX-owe''), których zwykle brak w~typowej instalacji + Windows (programy te mog± byæ szczególnie przydatne dla pocz±tkuj±cych); \\ +texmf & drzewo katalogów plików pomocniczych i~dokumentacji dla + \emph{programów} + (patrz: \texttt{TEXMFMAIN} w~nastêpnej czê¶ci);\\ +texmf-dist & g³ówne drzewo katalogów formatów i~pakietów (zawiera makra, + fonty i~dokumentacje; patrz: + \texttt{TEXMDIST} w~nastêpnej czê¶ci);\\ +texmf-doc & drzewo samodzielnych dokumentacji (m.in. podrêczniki itp.), + niezwi±zane z~konkretnymi pakietami, zorganizowane wg. jêzyków. \\ +texmf-var & drzewo dla plików generowanych automatycznie + (patrz: \texttt{TEXMFSYSVAR} w~nastêpnej czê¶ci);\\ +xemtex & programy pomocnicze + dla Windows; w~systemach Unix programy te s± zazwyczaj dostêpne b±d¼ ³atwe + do samodzielnego skompilowania. \\ +\end{tabular} +\endgroup + +\smallskip +Prócz podkatalogów wymienionych powy¿ej, katalog g³ówny zawiera skrypty +instalacyjne oraz pliki \filename{README}, w~formacie tekstowym lub HTML, +w~kilku jêzykach (równie¿ polskim). + +Katalog \dirname{texmf-doc} zawiera, jak wspomniano wy¿ej, dokumentacje +ogólne, np. podrêczniki (tak¿e w~wersjach jêzykowych, jak np. niniejsza +dokumentacja). Dokumentacje programów (man, info) znajduj± siê w~katalogu +\dirname{texmf/doc}, za¶ dokumentacje pakietów makr, fontów i~formatów w~katalogu \dirname{texmf-dist/doc}. Znalezienie konkretnej +dokumentacji w~dowolnym z~wymienionych katalogów u³atwi skorzystanie +z~programów \cmdname{texdoc} lub \cmdname{texdoctk}. Pomocnym mo¿e byæ +tak¿e plik \OnCD{doc.html}, który znajdziemy w~g³ównym katalogu. + +\subsection{Predefiniowane drzewa katalogów texmf} +\label{sec:texmftrees} + +W tej czê¶ci wymieniono wszystkie predefiniowane zmienne specyfikuj±ce +drzewa katalogów texmf, wykorzystywane przez +system, a~tak¿e ich przeznaczenie. Uruchomienie polecenia \texttt{texconfig +conf} poka¿e warto¶ci tych zmiennych, dziêki czemu ³atwo odnale¼æ +które katalogi w~naszej instalacji s± przypisane do konkretnych zmiennych. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXMFMAIN] Drzewo katalogów zawieraj±ce podstawowe dla + dystrybucji elementy systemu, jak skrypty (np. \verb+web2c/mktexdir+), + pliki pool i~inne pliki pomocnicze. +\item [TEXMFDIST] Drzewo katalogów gromadz±ce pakiety makr, fontów itp., + tak jak s± one oryginalnie dystrybuowane; drzewo to mo¿e + byæ wspó³dzielone z~dowoln± dystybucj±. +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] Drzewo katalogów, które administratorzy mog± wykorzystaæ + do przechowywania lokalnych makr, fontów itp., dostêpnych dla wszystkich + u¿ytkowników serwera. +\item [TEXMFHOME] Drzewo katalogów dla prywatnych makr, fontów itp. + u¿ytkownika. Rozwiniêcie tej zmiennej zale¿y domy¶lnie od warto¶ci przypisanej + zmiennej systemowej \verb+$HOME+. +\item [TEXMFCONFIG] Drzewo katalogów wykorzystywane przez narzêdzia te\TeX-a + \verb+texconfig+, \verb+updmap+ oraz \verb+fmtutil+ do przechowywania + danych konfiguracyjnych (domy¶lnie w~ramach \verb+$HOME+). +\item [TEXMFSYSCONFIG] Drzewo katalogów wykorzystywane przez narzêdzia + te\TeX-a \verb+texconfig-sys+, \verb+updmap-sys+ oraz \verb+fmtutil-sys+ + do przechowywania danych konfiguracyjnych dla ca³ej instalacji. +\item [TEXMFVAR] Drzewo katalogów wykorzystywane przez \verb+texconfig+, + \verb+updmap+ i \verb+fmtutil+ do przechowywania wygenerowanych plików + formatów i map fontowych (domy¶lnie w~ramach \verb+$HOME+). +\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] Drzewo katalogów wykorzystywane przez + \verb+texconfig-sys+, \verb+updmap-sys+ and \verb+fmtutil-sys+ + do przechowywania wygenerowanych plików formatów i~map fontowych + dla ca³ej instalacji. +\end{ttdescription} + +Wiêcej informacji na temat \texttt{texconfig} znajdziemy +w~czê¶ci~\ref{sec:texconfig}, na str.~\pageref{sec:texconfig}. + +\subsection{Rozszerzenia \protect\TeX-a} +\label{sec:tex-extensions} + +\TL{} zawiera trzy rozszerzenia standardowego \TeX-a: + +\begin{description} +\item [\eTeX] wersja \label{text:etex} programu \TeX{}, która zawiera +dodatkowo niewielki, lecz silny zestaw nowych poleceñ wbudowanych +(dotycz±cych g³ównie rozwijania makr, leksemów znakowych, interpretacji +znaczników itp.) oraz rozszerzenie \TeXXeT{} dla sk³adu +od prawej do lewej. W~trybie domy¶lnym \eTeX{} jest w~100\% zgodny ze +standardowym programem \TeX. Wiêcej szczegó³ów znale¼æ mo¿na na \CD, +w~\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/etex_man.pdf}. + +\item [pdf\TeX] program, który wynik sk³adu mo¿e zapisywaæ zarówno +w~formacie Acrobat PDF, jak i~\dvi{}. Podrêczniki znajdziemy +w~katalogu \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/}, za¶ przyk³ad +wykorzystania w~pliku \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/samplepdf/samplepdf.tex}. + %\LaTeX-owy pakiet \pkgname{hyperref} posiada opcjê ,,\optname{pdftex}'', + %która uaktywnia dostêp do wszystkich cech programu. + +\item [pdfe\TeX] ³±czy rozszerzenia pdf\TeX\ i~\eTeX\ i~obecnie jest +u¿ywany jako domy¶lny program dla wiêkszo¶ci formatów (prócz plain \TeX). + +\item [\OMEGA{} (Omega)] program, który pracuje wewnêtrznie ze znakami +kodowanymi 16-bitowo (Unicode), pozwalaj±c pracowaæ jednocze¶nie +z~wiêkszo¶ci± tekstów spotykanych na ¶wiecie. Wspomaga tak¿e dynamicznie +³adowane tzw. ,,procesy t³umaczenia \OMEGA'' (\acro{OTP}), co pozwala +u¿ytkownikowi definiowaæ z³o¿one transformacje wykonywane na dowolnych +strumieniach wej¶ciowych. Wiêcej szczegó³ów znale¼æ mo¿na na \CD: +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/omega/base/doc-1.8.tex} (dokumentacja niezbyt aktualna). + +\item [Aleph] ³±czy rozszerzenia \OMEGA\ i~\eTeX; powsta³ jako niezale¿ny +projekt z~potrzeby stabilnej ,,u¿ywalno¶ci'' programu Omega, w~sytuacji +gdy ten jest ci±gle w~fazie eksperymentalnej. + +\end{description} + +\subsection{Inne wa¿niejsze programy \protect\TL} + +Poni¿ej zestawiono inne najczê¶ciej u¿ywane programy dostêpne +w~dystrybucji \TL{}: + +\begin{cmddescription} + +\item[bibtex] tworzenie spisów bibliograficznych; + +\item[makeindex] tworzenie posortowanych skorowidzów; + +\item[dvips] konwersja \dvi{} do \PS{}; + +\item[xdvi] przegl±darka plików \dvi{} dla X~Window; + +\item[dvilj] sterownik dla drukarek HP LaserJet; + +\item [dv2dt, dt2dv] konwerter \dvi{} do/z tekstu ASCII; + +\item [dviconcat, dviselect] programy do manipulacji stronami w~plikach + \dvi{}; + +\item [dvipdfmx] konwersja \dvi{} do PDF, metoda alternatywna w~stosunku + do wspomnianego wy¿ej programu pdf\TeX{} (pakiety + \pkgname{ps4pdf} i~\pkgname{pdftricks} dostarczaj± kolejnych mo¿liwo¶ci); + +\item [psselect, psnup, \ldots] narzêdzia manipulacji na plikach \PS-owych; + +\item [lacheck] kontrola syntaktyki plików \LaTeX-owych; + +\item [texexec] program uruchomieniowy dla Con\TeX{}t; + +\item [tex4ht] konwerter \TeX{} do HTML. + +\end{cmddescription} + +%% zostawiam tê czê¶æ, choæ wylecia³a z wersji oryginalnej!!! 27.08.2003 + +\subsection[Pakiety i ich zestawy]{Pakiety i ich zestawy} +\label{packages} +Zawarto¶æ drzew \texttt{texmf} na \TL{} zosta³a do celów instalacji +zorganizowana w~szereg ,,zestawów'' (\emph{collections}), +z~których ka¿dy posiada zbiór ,,pakietów'' (\emph{packages}; jest ich +ponad 1000). Normalna instalacja pozwala u¿ytkownikowi skopiowaæ +z~\CD{} (\DVD{}) na twardy dysk jeden lub wiêcej zestawów, jest te¿ jednak +mo¿liwe zainstalowanie jedynie pojedynczego pakietu. + +Zestawy pozwalaj± lepiej dobraæ instalowane sk³adniki, a~tak¿e okre¶liæ +jakie jêzyki bêd± obs³ugiwane po instalacji. Najwa¿niejszy zestaw, wymagany +dla wiêkszo¶ci zastosowañ, to ,,basic''. Zestawy ,,latex'' +i~,,pdftex'' s± rekomendowane dla wiêkszo¶ci u¿ytkowników. Pozosta³e +zestawy s± opcjonalne. + +Oto dostêpne zestawy (zdefiniowane w~plikach XML o~nazwach poprzedzonych +cz³onem \texttt{collection-}, umieszczonych +w~podkatalogu \texttt{texmf/tpm/}) i~krótki opis ich zawarto¶ci: + +\begin{description} +\item[basic] podstawowe programy, pakiety makr i~fontów systemu \TeX{}, + pliki konfiguracyjne dla podstawowych sterowników; +\item[bibtexextra] dodatkowa, obszerna biblioteka stylów Bib\TeX{}owych + i~bazy danych bibliograficznych (podstawowe style znajduj± siê w~zestawie + ,,basic''); +\item[chemistry] pakiety makr do sk³adu wzorów chemicznych; +\item[context] pakiet makr do Con\TeX{}t -- ,,dialektu'' \TeX-a + autorstwa Hansa Hagena; +\item[documentation] dodatkowe, u¿yteczne dokumentacje; +\item[etex] pliki pomocnicze dla programu e-\TeX; +\item[extrabin] ró¿ne programy pomocnicze; zestaw zawiera m.in. + programy i~makra dla systemu texinfo, programy do manipulacji na plikach + DVI itp.; +\item[fontbin] programy do konwersji plików fontowych oraz testowania + i~instalacji fontów (zestaw do tworzenia fontów wirtualnych, manipulacji + plikami .gf i~.pk, programy \texttt{mft}, \texttt{fontinst} itp.); +\item[fontsrecommended] obszerna biblioteka czê¶ciej u¿ywanych fontów + w~postaci ¼ród³owej (.mf) b±d¼ obwiedniowych oraz pliki definicyjne + i~stylów \LaTeX-a dla tych fontów; +\item[fontsextra] biblioteka ró¿nych rzadziej u¿ywanych fontów; +\item[formatsextra] pliki pomocnicze do generowania dodatkowych + ,,formatów'' (tj. obszerne zestawy makr s³u¿±ce do wstêpnego przetworzenia + i~utworzenia pliku \texttt{.fmt}); +\item[games] pakiety do prezentacji zapisu ró¿nych gier (szachy, + bryd¿ itp.); +\item[genericextra] obszerna biblioteka makr, trudnych do sklasyfikowania, + dzia³aj±cych z~ró¿nymi formatami (Plain, LaTeX itp.); +\item[htmlxml] pakiety konwersji \LaTeX{}a do XML/HTML oraz do sk³adu + dokumentów XML/SGML; +\item[lang\dots] wsparcie poszczególnych jêzyków; zestawy zawieraj± + wzorce przenoszenia wyrazów i~makra obs³ugi danych jêzyków, czasem te¿ + specyficzne fonty itp., przyk³adowo: + %\item[langarmenian] armeñski; +%\item[langcjk] pakiety CJK (obs³uga chiñskiego, japoñskiego i~koreañskiego); +%\item[langcroatian] chorwacki; +%\item[langcyrillic] fonty i makra do sk³adu cyrylic±; +%\item[langczechslovak] fonty i pakiety makr dla czeskiego i~s³owackiego; +%\item[langdanish] duñski; +%\item[langdutch] holenderski; +%\item[langfinnish] fiñski; +%\item[langfrench] francuski; +%\item[langgerman] niemiecki; +%\item[langgreek] grecki; +%\item[langhungarian] wêgierski; +%\item[langindic] wsparcie dla jêzyków indyjskich; +%\item[langitalian] w³oski; +%\item[langlatin] ³acina; +%\item[langmanju] jêzyk Manju; +%\item[langmongolian] mongolski; +%\item[langnorwegian] norweski; +%\item[langother] wzorce przenoszenia wyrazów dla innych jêzyków; +\item[langpolish] zawiera polskie pakiety: makra do tworzenia formatu MeX, + pakiety \texttt{platex}, \texttt{mwcls}, fonty, makra dodatkowe, przydatne dla + polskich u¿ytkowników, dokumentacje w~jêzyku polskim; +%\item[langportuguese] portugalski; +%\item[langspanish] hiszpañski; +%\item[langswedish] szwedzki; +%\item[langtibetan] fonty i~wsparcie do sk³adu tybetañskiego; +%\item[langukenglish] angielski (brytyjski); +%\item[langvietnamese] wietnamski; +\item[latex] podstawowe pakiety \LaTeX-a; +\item[latexrecommended] rekomendowany zestaw czêsto u¿ywanych pakietów + dodatkowych; +\item[latex3] pakiety-,,zwiastuny'' \LaTeX3, dzia³aj±ce z~\LaTeXe; +\item[latexextra] bogaty wybór dodatkowych pakietów dla \LaTeX-a; +\item[mathextra] dodatkowe pakiety do sk³adu zaawansowanej matematyki; +\item[metapost] MetaPost i~pakiety do tworzenia rysunków z~u¿yciem + MetaFonta; +\item[music] makra do s³adu nutowego; +\item[omega] rozszerzenie \TeX{}a autorstwa Johna Plaice'a i~Yannisa Haralambousa, dzia³aj±ce ze znakami kodowanymi 16-bitowo; +\item[pdftex] pliki pomocnicze dla pdf\TeX{}-a, wersji programu \TeX{} + tworz±cej pliki w~formacie PDF; +\item[pictures] pakiety do tworzenia diagramów i~innych obiektów graficznych; +\item[plainextra] dodatkowe biblioteki makr dla plain \TeX; +\item[psutils] narzêdzia do manipulacji plikami \PS-owymi; +\item[publishers] pakiety makr pochodz±ce od ró¿nych wydawnictw; +\item[t1utils] narzêdzia do fontów w~formacie Type~1; +\item[texbooks] przyk³ady i~inne materia³y autorstwa D.E.~Knutha; +\item[ttfutils] narzêdzia do konwersji fontów True Type; + %\item[xemacs] dodatkowe programy wspomagaj±ce dla Windows (zaawansowany + % edytor XEmacs -- zintegrowane ¶rodowisko do pracy z~\TeX{}em, Perl, programy + % konwersji grafiki, itp.); +\end{description} +%-------------------------- +Katalog \texttt{texmf/lists/} (wykorzystywany podczas instalacji) +zawiera spis wszystkich plików w~ka¿dym pakiecie. + +%% koniec pozostawionej sekcji 27.08.2003 + +\section{Instalacja i~u¿ytkowanie w systemach Unix} +\label{sec:unix-install} + +Jak ju¿ wspomniano w~czê¶ci ~\ref{sec:basic} na str.~\pageref{sec:basic}, +\TL{} mo¿na u¿ywaæ na trzy sposoby: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item zamontowaæ p³ytê (\emph{mount}) \CD{} w~systemie plików, + uruchomiæ skrypt \texttt{install-tl.sh} i~wybraæ opcjê \verb|<R>| + (\textit{do not install files, set up to run off CD-ROM/DVD} -- + bez instalacji plików, dostosuj do uruchamiania z~\CD/DVD). Pozwala to + na uruchamianie wszystkich programów bezpo¶rednio z~p³ytki; na dysku twardym + znajd± siê jedynie niezbêdne pliki konfiguracyjne. +\item zainstalowaæ czê¶æ lub ca³y system na lokalnym twardym dysku. +\item doinstalowaæ wybrane pakiety do istniej±cego systemu \TeX{} + lub systemu \TL{} zainstalowanego wcze¶niej. +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent Ka¿da z~tych metod jest dok³adniej opisana w~dalszych rozdzia³ach. + +%%-- ramka z ostrze¿eniem +\ifSingleColumn \begin{figure}[ht]\noindent \fi +\begin{warningbox} +\textbf{Uwaga: } \CD{} i~\DVD{} + %wchodz±ce w~sk³ad \TK{} + s± w~formacie +ISO 9660 (High Sierra), z~rozszerzeniami Rock Ridge (i~Joliet dla Windows). +Aby skorzystaæ z~wszystkich zalet p³ytki pod Unixem, twój system operacyjny powinien +obs³ugiwaæ rozszerzenie Rock Ridge. Prosimy zapoznaæ siê z~dokumentacj± +komendy \cmdname{mount} w~twoim systemie aby sprawdziæ, czy to jest mo¿liwe. +Je¿eli u¿ywasz wielu ró¿nych maszyn w~sieci lokalnej, zobacz czy mo¿esz +zamontowaæ \CD{}/\DVD{} na tej, która pozwala na u¿ycie Rock Ridge. + +\leavevmode\quad +Wspó³czesne systemy operacyjne + %Linux, FreeBSD, Sun i~\acro{SGI} + powinny umieæ bez problemów korzystaæ z~\CD{}/\DVD. + %Bêdziemy wdziêczni za wszelkie wskazówki od u¿ytkowników innych systemów, + %którym uda³o siê skorzystaæ z~niniejszych p³ytek, z~których to wskazówek + %mogliby¶my skorzystaæ w~przysz³ych wersjach tej dokumentacji. + Dalsze kroki opisane s± przy za³o¿eniu, ¿e uda³o siê zamontowaæ \CD{}/\DVD{} +w~pe³nej zgodno¶ci z~Rock Ridge. +\end{warningbox} +\ifSingleColumn\end{figure}\fi + + +\subsection{Uruchamianie \protect\TL{} z~p³ytki (Unix)} + +\def\runlive{% text repeated in windows section + %Na \CD-ie \texttt{demo} zawarto programy jedynie dla systemów + %Linux, \MacOSX oraz Windows. + Aby korzystaæ bezpo¶rednio z~no¶nika w~systemach Unix nale¿y u¿yæ + p³yty \pkgname{live} \DVD. +} + +\def\startinst{% repeated in other subsections + Najpierw nale¿y zamontowaæ \CD{} lub \DVD{} -- postaæ polecenia jest zale¿na +od konkretnej platformy, poni¿sze dzia³a w~Linux, choæ nazwa urz±dzenia +(tu: \filename{/dev/cdrom}) mo¿e siê ró¿niæ. W~przyk³adach podajemy +\texttt{>} jako znak zg³oszenia pow³oki, za¶ to, co wpisuje u¿ytkownik, +jest \Ucom{\texttt{podkre¶lone}}. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent nastêpnie zmieniamy katalog bie¿±cy na katalog montowania: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent W~systemie \MacOSX katalog ten znajduje siê zwykle w~ramach +\dirname{/Volumes} za¶ no¶nik montowany jest automatycznie. + +\noindent Uruchamiamy skrypt instalacyjny \filename{install-tl.sh}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} + +Welcome to TeX Live... +\end{alltt} + +Po ukazaniu siê g³ównego menu mamy do wyboru listê opcji, wprowadzanych +poprzez naci¶niêcie wybranego znaku oraz klawisza Enter (nie nale¿y +wpisywaæ znaków \verb|<>|; wielkie i~ma³e litery s± to¿same, w~przyk³adach +podajemy ma³e litery). +} + +\runlive +\startinst + +Dla uruchamiania bezpo¶rednio z~p³ytki wybieramy najpierw opcjê +\Ucom{d}, nastêpnie podopcjê \Ucom{1}, która pozwoli nam okre¶liæ +katalog na generowane przez \TeX-a pliki (fonty, formaty, pliki +konfiguracyjne do modyfikacji ustawieñ). Je¶li odpowiadaj± nam ustawienia +domy¶lne (\dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005}), mo¿emy pomin±æ poni¿szy +fragment. +W~naszym przyk³adzie u¿yjemy \dirname{/opt/texlive2005}: +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{d} +Current directories setup: +<1> TEXDIR: /usr/local/texlive/2005 +... +Enter command: \Ucom{1} +New value for TEXDIR [/usr/local/texlive/TeX]: \Ucom{/opt/texlive2005} +... +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent wci¶niêcie klawisza \Ucom{r} powoduje powrót do g³ównego menu, +gdzie wybieramy opcjê uruchamiania bezpo¶rednio z~no¶nika, bez instalacji +w³a¶ciwej na dysku: +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +Preparing destination directories... +... +Welcome to the TeX Live system! +> +\end{alltt} + +Nastêpnie nale¿y uaktualniæ zmienn± \texttt{PATH}, do³±czaj±c do niej +katalog zawieraj±cy binaria dla danej architektury, +a~tak¿e ustawiæ zmienn± \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} na podany powy¿ej katalog. Dla +pow³oki zgodnej z~Bourne shell (\cmdname{sh}, \cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}) +mo¿emy dopisaæ do pliku \filename{$HOME/.profile}: +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH; export PATH +TEXMFSYSVAR=/opt/texlive2005/texmf-var; export TEXMFSYSVAR +\end{alltt} + +\noindent gdzie \emph{archname} oznacza konkretn± platformê. +W~tabeli~\ref{tab:archlist} zamieszczono spis obs³ugiwanych systemów +operacyjnych i~odpowiednich dla nich nazw podkatalogów. + %Nale¿y pamiêtaæ, ¿e \emph{demo} \CD{} + %zawiera jedynie binaria dla Windows, Linux dla Intel i~Mac~OSX. + %Dla innych systemów Unix nale¿y zastosowaæ drugi \CD{} b±d¼ \DVD{}. + %W~nazwie podkatalogu mo¿emy pomin±æ numer wersji, np. + %\dirname{sparc-solaris} jest dowi±zaniem do \dirname{sparc-solaris2.7}. + +Dla pow³ok zgodnych z C shell (\cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}), +nale¿y dopisaæ do pliku \filename{$HOME/.cshrc}: +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH +setenv TEXMFSYSVAR /opt/texlive2005/texmf-var +\end{alltt} + +\noindent gdzie \emph{archname} -- jak wy¿ej. + +%\noindent Then log out, log back in, and test your installation +%(see section~\ref{sec:test-install}, \p.\pageref{sec:test-install}). + +\def\textruntexconfig{% +Po zakoñczeniu instalacji i~ustawieniu zmiennych systemowych warto +uruchomiæ \cmdname{texconfig} lub \cmdname{texconfig-sys} aby dostroiæ +instalacjê do w³asnych potrzeb +(patrz czê¶æ~\ref{sec:texconfig}, str.~\pageref{sec:texconfig}). +} +\textruntexconfig + +\begin{table*}[ht] +\caption[Obs³ugiwane systemy operacyjne]{Obs³ugiwane systemy operacyjne} +\label{tab:archlist} +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll} +alpha-linux & HP Alpha GNU/Linux \\ +%alphaev5-osf4.0d & Compaq Alphaev5 OSF \\ +%hppa2.0-hpux10.20 & HP9000 HPUX 10.20 \\ +i386-darwin & Intel x86 \MacOSX \\ +i386-freebsd & Intel x86 FreeBSD \\ +i386-linux & Intel x86 GNU/Linux \\ +%i386-openbsd3.3 & Intel x86 OpenBSD \\ +%i386-solaris2.8 & Intel x86 Solaris \\ +mips-irix & SGI IRIX \\ +powerpc-aix & IBM RS/6000 AIX \\ +powerpc-darwin & \MacOSX \\ +sparc-linux & Sun Sparc GNU/Linux \\ +sparc-solaris & Sun Sparc Solaris \\ +win32 & Windows (32-bit) \\ +x86\_64-linux & Intel x86 64-bit GNU/Linux \\ +\hline +\end{tabular} +\end{table*} + +%Wydawa³oby siê, ¿e potrzeba wygenerowania fontów czy zmiana konfiguracji +%mo¿e spowodowaæ problemy, poniewa¿ nie mo¿na zmieniaæ plików na \CD. +%Mo¿na jednak posiadaæ na dysku drugie, równoleg³e drzewo +%\TeX-owe, w~którym mo¿na dokonywaæ zmian. Drzewo takie jest przeszukiwane +%przed g³ównym drzewem \CD. +%Domy¶ln± lokalizacj± jest \path|texmf-var| na \CD{} (katalog, +%który faktycznie nie istnieje!), wobec tego \emph{nale¿y} +%j± zmieniæ poprzez deklaracjê zmiennej ¶rodowiska \texttt{VARTEXMF}. +% +%Przyk³adowo, u¿ytkownicy \emph{sh} lub \emph{bash} na Intel PC z~systemem +%Linux mog± zamontowaæ \CD{} \TL{} w~katalogu \file{/mnt/cdrom} za pomoc± +%polecenia: +% +%\begin{alltt} +%>> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom} +%\end{alltt} +% +%Po zmianie katalogu bie¿±cego na g³ówny katalog \CD{} +%nale¿y uruchomiæ skrypt: +% +%\begin{alltt} +%>> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +%\end{alltt} +%Odpowiednie pliki pomocnicze zostan± zainstalowane na twardym dysku po +%wybraniu opcji \verb|<R>| +%(\emph{do not install files, set up to run off CD-ROM} -- +%bez instalacji pików, dostosuj do uruchamiania z~\CD). +% +%Struktura oprogramowania \Webc{} oznacza, ¿e mo¿na uruchamiaæ programy +%przez zwyk³e dodanie do zmiennej \texttt{PATH} odpowiedniego podkatalogu +%katalogu \path|bin| na \CD. Potrzebne pliki bêd± znajdowane bez dalszych +%problemów. +% +%W~razie w±tpliwo¶ci najlepiej zwróciæ siê do lokalnego guru systemowego +%o~pomoc przy instalowaniu \CD{} i~w~wyborze katalogu dla systemu \TeX. + +Po ponownym uruchomieniu sesji polski u¿ytkownik mo¿e u¿yæ bezpo¶rednio m.in. +polecenia \texttt{mex} (spolonizowany format plain), +\texttt{platex} (\LaTeX{} z~polskimi i~anglo\dywiz amerykañskimi wzorcami +przenoszenia wyrazów) oraz ich wersji dla programu \texttt{pdfTeX} (tworz±cego +pliki PDF), odpowiednio: \texttt{pdfmex} i~\texttt{pdfplatex}. Potrzebne +pliki formatów zostan± wygenerowane automatycznie podczas pierwszego +uruchomienia danego polecenia i~zapisane w~lokalnym katalogu. Katalog ten, +domy¶lnie \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005/texmf-var/}, a~w~naszym przyk³adzie +\dirname{/usr/local/texlive/texmf-var/}, zawiera pliki konfiguracyjne, +które mog± byæ modyfikowane przez u¿ytkownika. W~konfigurowaniu pomocne jest +uruchomienie skryptu \cmdname{texconfig}, opisanego +w~czê¶ci~\ref{sec:texconfig}. + +%------------------------------------------------ +\subsection{Instalacja \protect\TeX\ \protect Live na twardym dysku} +\label{sec:unix-install-disk} + +Instalacja czê¶ci lub ca³o¶ci dystrybucji na twardym dysku wymaga +zamontowania p³yty \CD{} (lub \DVD) w~systemie, przej¶cia do jego katalogu +g³ównego i~uruchomienia skryptu instalacyjnego: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +\end{alltt} +(W niektórych systemach Unix mo¿e zaj¶æ potrzeba u¿ycia \cmdname{sh5} +lub \cmdname{bash}.) + +\noindent Skrypt ten przeszukuje listy +zestawów i~pakietów z~\CD{} oraz próbuje odgadn±æ, z~jakim systemem +komputerowym ma do czynienia. + +Nastêpnie poka¿e on g³ówn± stronê konfiguracyjn± + %(tab.~\ref{tab:main-menu-options}), + umo¿liwiaj±c± wybór: + +% I prefer here description instead of the table (SW) +\begin{description} +\item \verb|<P>| \emph{Current platform} (systemu operacyjnego, dla którego + chcemy dokonaæ instalacji, na wypadek gdyby zawiod³a automatyczna detekcja); +\item \verb|<B>| \emph{Binary architectures} (dodatkowo instalowanych + binariów dla innych platform, np. na serwerze, z~którego bêd± korzystaæ + u¿ytkownicy innych systemów); +\item \verb|<S>| \emph{Installation scheme} (predefiniowanego zestawu + instalacyjnego, np. \emph{full} -- pe³nego, \emph{medium} -- + wystarczaj±cego do wiêkszo¶ci zastosowañ, \emph{basic} -- podstawowego; + mamy tu te¿ do wyboru zestaw + proponowany polskim u¿ytkownikom: \emph{GUST scheme}); +\item \verb|<C>| \emph{Standard collections} (zestawów, których wybór + pomaga zmodyfikowaæ dany schemat instalacji); +\item \verb|<L>| \emph{Language collections} (zestawów dla obs³ugiwanych + jêzyków); +\item \verb|<D>| \emph{Installation directories} (katalogu bazowego na + dysku, przeznaczonego na instalacjê); +\item \verb|<O>| ustawienia trybu pracy niektórych programów. +\end{description} + +Po wybraniu opcji |<C>| -- \emph{Standard collections}, wy¶wietlone zostan± +dostêpne zestawy. Ka¿dy zestaw zawiera szereg pakietów: makr, fontów itp. +Zaznaczenie zestawu do zaistalowania polega na wci¶niêciu odpowiedniego +klawisza, ponowne naci¶niêcie tego samego klawisza wy³±cza zaznaczenie +(uwaga: wielkie i ma³e litery s± rozró¿niane!). + +Po wybraniu opcji |<L>| -- \emph{Language collections}, +wy¶wietlone zostan± dostêpne zestawy dla ró¿nych jêzyków. +Zawieraj± one najczê¶ciej wzorce przenoszenia wyrazów, czasami +dodatkowe pakiety makr i fontów. Aby zainstalowaæ polskie pakiety +(fonty, makra, dokumentacje), nale¿y w~tym menu wybraæ klawisz +odpowiadaj±cy opcji \texttt{Polish}. + +Po powrocie do g³ównego menu mo¿na dodatkowo wybraæ inne opcje. I~tak: + +\smallskip\noindent +\verb|<D>| \emph{directories} pozwala zmieniæ domy¶lne katalogi +instalacji, przypisane zmiennym wewnêtrznym: \label{text:instdir} + +\vskip-5pt +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXDIR] katalog bazowy, w~ramach którego zostan± zainstalowane wszystkie + pliki; domy¶lnie jest to \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005}, ale mo¿na + go zmieniæ np. na \dirname{/opt/texlive2005}. + +W systemie \MacOSX{} dostêpne programy instalacyjne +(\emph{TeXShop}, \emph{ITeXMac}, \ldots) korzystaj± z~domy¶lnej +lokalizacji \teTeX{}, czyli \dirname{/usr/local/teTeX}. Wobec czego +u¿ytkownicy Mac dla instalacji \TL{} powinni rozwa¿yæ wybór +katalogu \dirname{/usr/local/teTeX} zamiast \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005}. + +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] katalog przeznaczony na lokalne pliki makr i~fontów +u¿ytkownika, a~tak¿e indywidualne, nie zwi±zane z~dystrybucj±, uzupe³nienia +instalacji; domy¶lnie jest to \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local}. +(Katalog ten jest niezale¿ny od opisanego wy¿ej katalogu bazowego, poniewa¿ jest +przeznaczony na lokalnie dodawane makra czy fonty.) + +\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] katalog, który przechowuje pliki generowane przez system + (np. formaty) + (patrz czê¶æ~\ref{sec:texconfig}, str.~\pageref{sec:texconfig}); + domy¶lnie \dirname{TEXDIR/texmf-var}. + Istnieje ponadto \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}, katalog dla + aktualnie u¿ywanych plików konfiguracyjnych, modyfikowanych + najczê¶ciej przez program \cmdname{texconfig}. +\end{ttdescription} + +\noindent +\verb|<O>| \emph{Other options} -- inne opcje: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [a] \emph{alternate directory for generated fonts} -- pozwala okre¶liæ + katalog dla generowanych fontów (np. je¿eli chcemy zainstalowaæ g³ówny pakiet + w~trybie ,,tylko do odczytu'' + (\emph{read-only})); domy¶lnie fonty generowane s± + w~katalogu okre¶lonym przez zmienn± \envname{TEXMFVAR}. + +\item [l] \emph{create symbolic links in standard directories} -- pozwala + okre¶liæ + czy utworzyæ dowi±zania symboliczne (\emph{links}) dla stron \cmdname{man}, + \acro{GNU} \cmdname{info} i~programów w~standardowych katalogach systemu + operacyjnego, np. \dirname{/usr/local/man}, \dirname{/usr/local/info} oraz + \dirname{/usr/local/bin}. + Wymagane do tego s±, oczywi¶cie, uprawnienia administratora. + +\item [d] \emph{do not install font/macro doc tree} -- pozwala pomin±æ + instalowanie dokumentacji fontów b±d¼ makr, np. dla zaoszczêdzenia miejsca + na dysku. + +\item [s] \emph{do not install font/macro source tree} -- + pozwala pomin±æ instalowanie plików ¼ród³owych fontów b±d¼ makr (dostêpnych + np. w~postaci plików \texttt{.dtx}), które nie s± wykorzystywane + do bie¿±cej pracy; + +\end{ttdescription} + +Po zakoñczeniu ustawieñ i~po powrocie go g³ównego menu, +mo¿na rozpocz±æ instalacjê (klawisz~\Ucom{I}). +Program instalacyjny, uwzglêdniaj±c wybrane zestawy i~systemy, sprawdzi +spisy plików na \CD{}/\DVD, stworzy listê plików do skopiowania, po czym +skopiuje je na twardy dysk. + +Po instalacji wystarczy dodaæ do zmiennej \texttt{PATH} w³a¶ciwy +podkatalog \texttt{bin} instalacji \TeX-a, uaktywniæ tê zmienn± i~mo¿na +ju¿ zacz±æ pracê. + %Je¶li zajdzie potrzeba, mo¿na przenie¶æ binaria wy¿ej o~jeden poziom, + %np. z~\dirname{/usr/local/bin/i386-linux} do \dirname{/usr/local/bin}; + %jednak¿e po tym nale¿y wyedytowaæ plik \dirname{texmf/web2c/texmf.cnf} + %i~zmieniæ liniê znajduj±c± siê blisko pocz±tku pliku: + %\begin{verbatim} + % TEXMFMAIN = $SELFAUTOPARENT + %\end{verbatim} + %na + %\begin{verbatim} + % TEXMFMAIN = $SELFAUTODIR + %\end{verbatim} + %Je¶li przeniesiemy ca³o¶æ instalacji do innego katalogu, nale¿y dok³adnie + %to okre¶liæ, modyfikuj±c zmienn± \envname{TEXMFMAIN} w~pliku + %\texttt{texmf.cnf}, a~tak¿e ustawiaj±c \envname{TEXMFCNF} na + %\dirname{$TEXMFMAIN/texmf/web2c}. + +\textruntexconfig + +%------------------------------------------------ +\subsection{Instalacja pojedynczych pakietów z~\protect\TL{} +na twardym dysku} +\TL{} mo¿na u¿ywaæ zarówno do aktualizacji istniej±cej instalacji, +jak i~do dodawania sk³adników do instalacji wcze¶niejszej. +G³ówny program instalacyjny przeznaczony jest do u¿ycia tylko za pierwszym +razem, natomiast pó¼niej nale¿y u¿ywaæ znajduj±cego siê na \CD{} (\DVD) +skryptu \texttt{install-pkg.sh}. +Uruchamia siê go przez zamontowanie no¶nika, przej¶cie do katalogu +punktu montowania i~wydanie polecenia: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh \emph{opcje}} +\end{alltt} + +Skrypt posiada dziewiêæ parametrów; pierwsze cztery pozwalaj± wybraæ: +pojedynczy pakiet do instalacji, ca³y zestaw (np. \texttt{mathextra}), +nazwê katalogu zamontowanego \CD, oraz nazwê katalogu zawieraj±cego +pliki ze spisami zawarto¶ci pakietów (zwykle te dwa ostatnie ustawiane +s± automatycznie): + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-package=\var{pkgname}] pojedynczy pakiet do zainstalowania; + +\item [-{}-collection=\var{colname}] pojedynczy zestaw do zainstalowania; + +\item [-{}-cddir=\var{dir}] katalog ¼ród³owy (domy¶lnie jest to katalog + bie¿±cy, z~którego uruchomiono skrypt); + +\item [-{}-listdir=\var{dir}] katalog ze spisami plików (domy¶lnie + \dirname{./texmf/tpm/lists}). + +\end{ttdescription} + +Proces instalacji jest okre¶lony dok³adniej przez piêæ kolejnych parametrów: +pierwsze dwa pozwalaj± wy³±czyæ z~instalacji dokumentacje i~pliki ¼ród³owe, +trzeci wy³±cza domy¶lne uruchamianie na koniec skryptu \texttt{mktexlsr}, +przebudowuj±cego bazê danych o~plikach, czwarty uruchamia na koniec +skrypt konfiguracyjny \code{texconfig init}, za¶ pi±ty powoduje jedynie +wypisanie plików, które mia³yby byæ zainstalowane: + +\begin{tabular}{ll} +\texttt{-{}-nodoc} & \\ +\texttt{-{}-nosrc} & \\ +\texttt{-{}-nohash} & \\ +\texttt{-{}-config} & \\ +\texttt{-{}-listonly} & \\ +\end{tabular} + +Mo¿na tak¿e okre¶liæ, czy zamiast instalowaæ pliki, skrypt powinien +utworzyæ z~nich w~wybranej lokalizacji archiwum \cmdname{tar}: + +\begin{tabular}{ll} +\texttt{-{}-archive=}\var{nazwa} & \\ +\end{tabular} + +Dodatkowa opcja \texttt{-{}-verbose} pozwala wy¶wietliæ podczas uruchomienia +bardziej szczegó³owe komunikaty. + +Tak wiêc, je¿eli chcieliby¶my tylko zobaczyæ przed zainstalowaniem, +jakie pliki tworz± pakiet \pkgname{fancyhdr}, nasze polecenie wygl±da³oby +nastêpuj±co: + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=fancyhdr -{}-listonly} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=fancyhdr \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-listonly} +\fi{} +texmf/source/latex/fancyhdr/README +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf +... +\end{alltt} +Oto inne przyk³ady u¿ycia: +\begin{itemize} +\item zainstaluj \LaTeX-owy pakiet \texttt{natbib}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=natbib} +\end{alltt} +\item zainstaluj \LaTeX-owy pakiet \texttt{alg} bez plików ¼ród³owych +i~bez dokumentacji: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=alg -{}-nosrc -{}-nodoc} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=alg \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-nosrc -{}-nodoc} +\fi\end{alltt} +\item zainstaluj wszystkie pakiety dostêpne w~zestawie +dodatkowych makr dla plain \TeX: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-collection=plainextra} +\end{alltt} +\item spakuj wszystkie pliki wymagane dla PSTricks +do~pliku \cmdname{tar}, w~katalogu \dirname{/tmp}: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=pstricks -{}-archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\else +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=pstricks \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\fi\end{alltt} +\end{itemize} + +% czeka na t³umaczenie! ale mozna pomin±æ +%\section{Post-installation} +%\label{sec:postinstall} + +\subsection{Program texconfig} +\label{sec:texconfig} + Po zakoñczeniu instalacji i~uaktywnieniu modyfikacji zmiennej systemowej +\envname{PATH}, mo¿na u¿yæ programu \cmdname{texconfig}, +do skonfigurowania systemu wed³ug w³asnych potrzeb. Program ten mo¿e +byæ w~ka¿dej chwili uruchomiony do zmiany ustawieñ, w~trybie in\-ter\-fej\-su +pe³noekranowego lub z~linii poleceñ. Program \cmdname{texconfig} powinien byæ +u¿ywany do wszelkich zmian, takich jak deklaracja u¿ywanych drukarek czy +przebudowywanie bazy danych o~plikach. Obydwa tryby pracy posiadaj± tekst pomocy, +opisuj±cy dostêpne mo¿liwo¶ci. + +Przyk³ady u¿ycia z~wiersza poleceñ: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [texconfig dvips paper letter] ustawienie formatu papieru na ,,letter'' + dla programu \cmdname{dvips}; +\item [texconfig xdvi letter] jak wy¿ej, ale dla programu \cmdname{xdvi}; +\item [texconfig rehash] aktualizacja wszystkich baz danych instalacji + systemu \TeX; +\item [texconfig faq] wy¶wietla \acro{FAQ} dystrybucji \teTeX{} + (na dystrybucji tej oparto \TL); +\item [texconfig help] wy¶wietla dostêpne opcje skryptu. + +\end{ttdescription} + +Skrypt \cmdname{texconfig} pozwala na zmianê jedynie najwa¿niejszych +ustawieñ. G³ównym plikiem konfiguracyjnym jest \filename{texmf.cnf}. +Zlokalizujemy go uruchamiaj±c polecenie \samp{kpsewhich texmf.cnf}. +Plik ten zawiera sporo u¿ytecznych komentarzy, wyja¶niaj±cych +regu³y ustawieñ domy¶lnych, a tak¿e podaje przyk³ady ustawieñ alternatywnych. + +Od roku 2005, zgodnie ze zmianami, które zasz³y w te\TeX{}~3.0, +\cmdname{texconfig} zapisuje pliki w~katalogu u¿ytkownika +(\dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}). Je¶li instalujemy system dla wielu +u¿ytkowników, powinni¶my zatem uruchomiæ polecenie \cmdname{texconfig-sys}. + +Podobnie rzecz ma siê ze skryptami \cmdname{updmap} oraz \cmdname{fmtutil}; +tak¿e i~one zapisuj± pliki w~\dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}. Aby zmieniæ globalne +ustawienia, wygenerowaæ mapy b±d¼ formaty, nale¿y u¿yæ poleceñ +\cmdname{updmap-sys} i~\cmdname{fmtutil-sys}. W~przypadku instalacji +dla wielu u¿ytkowników warto wygenerowaæ wspólne pliki formatów +(polecenie \texttt{fmtutil-sys --missing}), dziêki czemu uniknie +siê generowania tych¿e przez ka¿dego u¿ytkownika, na jego w³asne potrzeby. + +\subsection{Testowanie instalacji} +\label{sec:test-install} + +Po zainstalowaniu \TL{} warto sprawdziæ czy programy dzia³aj± +prawid³owo. Opiszemy tu podstawowe procedury testuj±ce funkcjonowanie +systemu w~systemach Unix. W~\MacOSX{} i~Windows najczê¶ciej u¿yjemy +¶rodowiska graficznego (\acro{GUI}), ale regu³y bêd± podobne. + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Sprawdzamy najpierw czy uruchamia siê program \cmdname{tex}: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{tex -{}-version} +TeX 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.5) +kpathsea version 3.5.3 +Copyright (C) 1997-2004 D.E. Knuth. +... +\end{alltt} +Je¶li uruchomienie zakoñczy siê komunikatem \emph{command not found}, +oznacza to, ¿e nieprawid³owo zadeklarowano zmienn± \envname{PATH}. + +\item Nastêpnie przetwarzamy prosty plik \LaTeX-owy: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{latex sample2e.tex} +This is pdfeTeXk, Version 3.141592... +... +Output written on sample2e.dvi (3 pages, 7496 bytes). +Transcript written on sample2e.log. +\end{alltt} +Gdy program nie znajduje \filename{sample2e.tex} (b±d¼ innych wymaganych +plików), mo¿e to oznaczaæ, ¿e nadal dzia³aj± ustawienia zmiennych ¶rodowiska +b±d¼ pliki konfiguracyjne z~poprzedniej instalacji. +Dog³êbn± analizê gdzie s± przeszukiwane i~znajdywane pliki umo¿liwia +diagnostyka opisana w~czê¶ci \ref{sec:Debugging} na str.~\pageref{sec:Debugging}. + +\item Podgl±d wyniku sk³adu: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{xdvi sample2e.dvi} +\end{alltt} +Polecenie to wymaga uruchomionego ¶rodowiska graficznego X~Window. + +\item Przetwarzanie wyniku sk³adu do \PS{} w~celu wy¶wietlenia lub wydruku: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips sample2e.dvi -o sample2e.ps} +\end{alltt} + +\item Tworzenie dokumentu bezpo¶rednio w~formacie \acro{PDF}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{pdflatex sample2e.tex} +\end{alltt} + +\item Podgl±d dokumentu \acro{PDF}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{gv sample2e.pdf} +\textrm{lub:} +> \Ucom{xpdf sample2e.pdf} +\end{alltt} +Programy \cmdname{gv} i~\cmdname{xpdf} s± dostarczane zwykle +w~ramach systemu operacyjnego, wobec tego nie zawarto ich +na \TL. Przed samodzieln± instalacj± warto odwiedziæ strony, +odpowiednio: \url{http://www.gnu.org/software/gv} +i~\url{http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf}. W~sieci dostêpny jest tak¿e +bezp³atny program Adobe Reader (\url{http://www.adobe.com}). + +\item Inne przydatne pliki testowe: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [small2e.tex] przyk³ad prostszy ni¿ \filename{sample2e}; +\item [testpage.tex] test po³o¿enia wydruku na kartce papieru, przydatny + do sprawdzenia, czy nasza drukarka nie wprowadza przesuniêæ; +\item [nfssfont.tex] s³u¿y do wydruku tablic fontowych; +\item [testfont.tex] jak wy¿ej, ale zamiast \LaTeX-a wymaga jedynie plain + \TeX{}; +\item [story.tex] najbardziej kanoniczny przyk³ad dla plain \TeX{}; + na zakoñczenie przetwarzania uruchomionego poleceniem \Ucom{tex story}, + po ukazaniu siê \code{*}, nale¿y wpisaæ \Ucom{\bs bye}. +\end{ttdescription} + +\end{enumerate} + +Pocz±tkuj±cym u¿ytkownikom polecamy stronê +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html} oraz podrêcznik +Petera Flynna \textsl{Formatting Information}, dostêpny pod adresem +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/documentation/beginlatex}. + +%-------------- +\section{Instalacja dla systemu \MacOSX{}} +\label{sec:mac-install} + +Na komputerach Macintosh \TL{} dzia³a jedynie pod systemem operacyjnym +\MacOSX (starsze systemy z~dzia³aj±cym systemem \TeX{} mog± +korzystaæ z~makr, fontów i~dokumentacji o~ile zainstalujemy rozszerzenie +Joliet dostêpne na \url{http://www.tempel.org/joliet}). + +\noindent Instalacja pod \MacOSX{} mo¿e byæ wykonana na dwa sposoby. + +W 2005 r. rekomendowana jest instalacja Mac\TeX, nowej dystrybucji +dostêpnej na \pkgname{live} \DVD{} w~katalogu \dirname{mactex/}. +Zawiera ona w³asny program instalacyjny pe³nej dystrybucji systemu \TeX, +która jest kombinacj± te\TeX-a, \TL{} i~dodatkowych programów oraz +dokumentacji. Szczegó³y na temat projektu Mac\TeX{} znajduj± siê na stronie: +\url{http://tug.org/mactex}. + +Je¶li wolimy, w~\MacOSX{} mo¿na tak¿e zaistalowaæ \TL, wykorzystuj±c +skrypty \filename{install*}. Wymagane jest do tego posiadanie pow³oki +\cmdname{bash}. Od wersji \MacOSX{} 10.2 \cmdname{bash} jest standardowo +dostêpny, a~wiêc instalujemy podobnie jak opisano to powy¿ej w~czê¶ci +\ref{sec:unix-install} na str.~\pageref{sec:unix-install}. Wcze¶niejsze +wersje systemu operacyjnego wymagaj± aktualizacji, czyli pobrania z~sieci +pow³oki \cmdname{bash}. + +%% Mac & bash notes removed 17.11.2004 +% +%\subsection{¦rodowiska pracy w~\MacOSX{}} +% +%Na komputerach Macintosh u¿ywamy zwykle \TeX-a w~¶rodowisku pracy +%obejmuj±cym wiersz poleceñ, edytor, program do podgl±du itp. +%Mamy do wyboru kilka takich ¶rodowisk: +% +%\begin{cmddescription} +%\item [TeXShop] dostêpny na \TL{} w~pliku +%\filename{./MacOSX/texshop.dmg}. Szczegó³owe informacje mo¿na znale¼æ +%na stronie \url{http://www.uoregon.edu/~koch/texshop/texshop.html}. +% +%\item [ITeXMac] dostêpny na \TL{} w~pliku +%\filename{./MacOSX/iTeXMac-*.dmg}. Patrz te¿ +%\url{http://itexmac.sourceforge.net}. +% +%\item [Mac-emacs] implementacja Emacs dla \MacOSX{} zintegrowana +%z~\pkgname{AucTeX}. Patrz te¿ +%\url{http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~franconi/mac-emacs}. +% +%\end{cmddescription} +% +%Powy¿sze ¶rodowiska stosuj± \dirname{/usr/local/teTeX} jako domy¶ln± +%lokalizacjê oprogramowania \TeX-owego, wobec tego instalacjê nale¿y +%wykonaæ w~tym katalogu (b±d¼ zmieniæ konfiguracjê ¶rodowiska). + +\subsection{Strona kodowa Macintosh CE} +Pisz±cy po polsku u¿ytkownicy \MacOSX{} maj± do wyboru stosowanie dwóch +8-bit\-owych stron kodowych: +\begin{description} +\item[iso8859-2] -- co wi±¿e siê z~wykorzystywaniem standardowego + oprogramowania uniksowego (Cocoa u¿ywa wy³±cznie unikodu), jak na przyk³ad + Emacsa. +\item[Mac CE] -- co pozwala na stosowanie tradycyjnego (Carbon) oprogramowania + jak np.~BBEdit. We¼my pod uwagê ten przypadek. +\end{description} + +Na \TL{} w~standardowych pakietach \LaTeX-a znajduje siê plik +\verb|macce.def|, który pozwala \LaTeX-owi wczytywaæ polski tekst +z~wykorzystaniem pakietu \verb|inputenc|: + +\verb|\usepackage[macce]{inputenc}| + +Ponadto mamy tablice przekodowañ dla Mac~CE, niewymagaj±ce stosowania +pakietu \verb|\inputenc|. Zamiast niego wystarczy wpisaæ w~pierwszym wierszu +pliku deklaracjê: + +\verb|%& --translate-file=macce-pl| + +%-------------------------- +\section{Instalacja i~u¿ytkowanie pod Windows} +\label{sec:win-install} + +Niniejsze wydanie \TL{} ponownie zawiera program instalacyjny dla Windows; +jest to obecnie \cmdname{tlpmgui.exe}. Program ten posiada podobne opcje +jak instalator dla systemów Unix: pozwala wybraæ schemat, poszczególne +kolekcje, katalogi dla instalacji, a~wiêc ma funcjonalno¶æ opisan± +ju¿ w~czê¶ci~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} na +str.~\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk}. Dodatkowo, po instalacji w³a¶ciwej, +mo¿liwe jest dodawanie b±d¼ usuwanie pakietów a~tak¿e wykonywanie +najwa¿niejszych czynno¶ci administracyjnych, jak aktualizacja bazy danych +instalacji, generowanie formatów czy map fontowych. +Mo¿liwe jest tak¿e przygotowanie systemu operacyjnego do uruchamiania +programów bezpo¶rednio z~\DVD. + +\cmdname{tlpmgui} wykorzystuje jako ,,silnik'' program \cmdname{tlpm}. + +Oprogramowanie dla Windows w~\TL{} jest oparte o~zaktualizowane +programy, zapo¿yczone z~projektu \XEmTeX{}, sukcesora dystrybucji +\fpTeX{} (patrz \url{http://www.metz.supelec.fr/~popineau/xemtex-1.html}). +Zawiera ponadto niektóre starsze (ale nadal dzia³aj±ce) programy, +szczególnie przegl±darkê plików \texttt{dvi}, \textsf{Windvi}, która jest +podobna w~u¿yciu do znanego z~systemów Unix programu \textsf{xdvi}. +Dokumentacja \textsf{Windvi} znajduje siê +w~\OnCD{texmf/doc/html/windvi/windvi.html}. + +\TL{} mo¿e byæ instalowany w systemach Windows 98, \acro{ME}, +\acro{NT}, \acro{2K} lub \acro{XP}. + +\textbf{Uwaga:} U¿ytkownicy Win9.x powinni zadbaæ aby system posiada³ +wystarczaj±cy obszar dla nowych zmiennych ¶rodowiskowych. W~tym celu +przed instalacj± nale¿y dopisaæ do pliku \verb|C:\config.sys| wiersz +\texttt{SHELL=<path>COMMAND.COM /E:4096 /P} i~ponownie uruchomiæ komputer. + +\subsection{Instalacja \protect\TeX\protect\ Live na twardym dysku} + +Po w³o¿eniu p³yty do napêdu \acro{CD}, autostart powinien uruchomiæ program +\cmdname{tlpmgui}. Je¶li to nie nast±pi, kliknij menu \guiseq{Start\arw +Uruchom} i~wybierz \verb|<litera CD-ROM>:\setup-win32\tplmgui.exe| (lub +\verb|<litera DVD>:\texlive\setup-win32\tplmgui.exe| je¶li instalujesz +z~p³yty \TeX{} Collection DVD), a~nastêpnie kliknij OK. + +Uka¿e siê okno instalatora zatytu³owane \guiseq{Program instalacji +i~konfiguracji TeX Live}. Zawiera ono nastêpuj±ce sekcje: \guiseq{Modyfikacja +schematów}, \guiseq{Instalacja}, \guiseq{Wybierz schemat}, \guiseq{Wybierz +system}, \guiseq{Katalogi} i~\guiseq{Opcje}. + +W~sekcji \guiseq{Katalogi}, obok przycisku \guiseq{CD/DVD} powinien byæ +wy¶wietlony dysk instalacyjny, np. \texttt{F:/} (lub \texttt{F:/texlive/} +dla DVD). Je¶li tak nie jest, +naci¶nij przycisk \guiseq{CD/DVD} i~wybierz napêd \acro{CD} z~TeX Live CD +(lub katalog \texttt{texlive} na \TeX{} Collection DVD). + +Za pomoc± przycisku \guiseq{TLroot} mo¿esz wybraæ katalog, w~którym chcesz +zainstalowaæ \TL. Wybrany katalog zostanie wpisany do zmiennej ¶rodowiskowej +\texttt{TLroot} do pó¼niejszego u¿ycia. Przyciski \guiseq{TEXMFTEMP} +i~\guiseq{TEXMFCNF} wskazuj± relatywne do \guiseq{TLRoot} katalogi (pod +koniec instalacji zostan± przypisane zmiennym ¶rodowiskowym +\texttt{TEXMFTEMP} i~\texttt{TEXMFCNF}). Katalogi te s± automatycznie +aktualizowane przy zmianie TLroot. + +W~sekcji \guiseq{Wybierz schemat} nale¿y wybraæ odpowiedni schemat +instalacyjny \TL{} przez naci¶niêcie jednego z~dostêpnych przycisków +radiowych (np. \guiseq{scheme-gust}). Przy nazwie ka¿dego schematu znajduje siê +przycisk \guiseq{Informacje}, po naci¶niêciu którego wy¶wietlana jest lista +kolekcji zawarta w~wybranym schemacie. + +Schematy to obszerne zestawy pakietów przeznaczone do wstêpnego wyboru +instalowanych komponentów. Mamy do wyboru schematy dla podstawowej, +przeciêtnej i~pe³nej instalacji, pozosta³e przygotowano z~my¶l± o~wybranych +grupach u¿ytkowników (np.~GUST i~GUTenberg przygotowa³y schematy dla swoich +cz³onków) lub zastosowaniach (np.~XML lub Omega). Wstêpnie wybrane schematy +mo¿na modyfikowaæ. Dodatkowe kolekcje mo¿na wybraæ w~sekcji +\guiseq{Modyfikacja schematów}. Na przyk³ad po naci¶niêciu przycisku +\guiseq{Wybierz} obok \guiseq{Kolekcji standardowych} mo¿na wybraæ dodatkowe +kolekcje, takie jak Metapost, Omega lub dokumentacje w~ró¿nych jêzykach. +Wybór zaznaczamy haczykiem. + +\textbf{Uwaga:} + Kolekcje \guiseq{Ghostscript}, \guiseq{Perl} i~\guiseq{Wintools} s± +zaznaczone domy¶lnie i~powinny zostaæ zainstalowane, poniewa¿ s± wymagane +przez wiele programów. Mo¿na z~nich zrezygnowaæ, gdy masz je ju¿ +zainstalowane i~wiesz, co robisz. + +Ustawiane s± tak¿e zmienne ¶rodowiskowe \verb|PERL5LIB| i~\verb|GS_LIB|. + +W~sekcji \guiseq{Modyfikacja schematów}, po przyci¶niêciu przycisku +\guiseq{Wybierz} przy \guiseq{Kolekcjach jêzyków}, otwiera siê okno, w~którym +mo¿na wybraæ do zainstalowania dodatkowe kolekcje z~pakietami dla obs³ugi +konkretnych jêzyków. Wybór zaznaczamy haczykiem. + +W³a¶ciwa instalacja rozpoczyna siê po naci¶niêciu przycisku +\guiseq{Instaluj}. Zaczekaj cierpliwie a¿ do pojawienia siê komunikatu +o~pomy¶lnym zakoñczeniu instalacji. + +Do menu \guiseq{Start\arw Programy\arw TeXLive2005} dodawany jest skrót +do \cmdname{tlpmgui}. + +Je¶li to bêdzie konieczne (Win9x/WinME), bêdziesz poproszony o~ponowne +uruchomienie komputera. + +\subsection{Uruchomienie z DVD} + +Przy uruchomieniu z DVD mamy dodatkow± zak³adkê \guiseq{Uruchom z DVD}. +Pozwala ona przygotowaæ \TL{} do pracy wprost z dysku \acro{DVD} bez +instalacji. Po naci¶niêciu przycisku \guiseq{Ustaw} dodawane s± zmienne +¶rodowiskowe i~generowane s± formaty na dysku lokalnym. +Od tej chwili mo¿na korzystaæ z~\TL, pamiêtaj±c tylko o~w³o¿eniu p³yty +do napêdu DVD. + +%\smallskip {\small\noindent +%Bardziej zaawansowani u¿ytkownicy (szczególnie ci, którzy chc± +%uruchamiaæ programy z~wiersza poleceñ i~samodzielnie modyfikowaæ +%ustawienia programów) mog± przygotowaæ system, wykorzystuj±c +%plik wsadowy \cmdname{mkloctex.bat} (katalog \dirname{bin/win32/}). +%Po skopiowaniu pliku na dysk twardy nale¿y go uruchomiæ z~wiersza poleceñ +%(okno DOS/CMD), podaj±c dwa parametry: literê \CD{} i~literê dysku twardego, +%na którym chcemy utworzyæ pomocnicze drzewko \TeX-owe. +%Po zapoznaniu siê z~koñcowymi komunikatami wy¶wietlanymi +%przez program, zalecane jest wykonanie sugerowanych tam czynno¶ci. +% +%} + +\subsection{Programy pomocnicze dla Windows} +\label{sec:win-xemtex} + +Aby instalacja by³a kompletna, \TL{} wymaga kilku pomocniczych +programów, które nie s± dostarczane wraz z~systemem Windows. +Wiele skryptów napisano w~jêzyku Perl, ponadto wiele narzêdzi wymaga +programu Ghostscript (interpretera jêzyka PostScript) do +rasteryzacji b±d¼ konwersji plików. Przydatne s± tak¿e w~wielu wypadkach +ró¿ne programy do obróbki grafiki. Wreszcie~-- posiadanie edytora +zorientowanego na ¶rodowisko \TeX{} znacznie u³atwi pracê. + +Wszystkie takie programy dla Windows dosyæ ³atwo znale¼æ w~sieci, +ale poniewa¿ jest ich spory wybór, postanowili¶my te najbardziej godne +polecenia umie¶ciæ w~dystrybucji \TL: +\begin{itemize*} +\item \cmdname{Ghostscript} 7.07; +\item minimaln± dystrybucjê \cmdname{Perl} 5.8, wystarczaj±c± do + uruchomienia wszystkich, zawartych na \TL{} skryptów perlowych; + %\item \cmdname{ImageMagick} 5.5.6 + %\item \cmdname{ISpell} -- korektor pisowni + %\item zaawansowany edytor \cmdname{XEmacs} 21.5.14 wraz z~kolekcj± + %pakietów do wspomagania pracy w~¶rodowisku programów \TeX-owych. +\item win-tools -- zestaw kilku przydatnych programów (\texttt{bzip2}, +\texttt{gzip}, \texttt{jpeg2ps} i~\texttt{tiff2png}) +\end{itemize*} + +Powy¿ej wymienione programy zapo¿yczono z~dystrybucji \XEmTeX{}, +sukcesora fp\TeX. + +Programy \cmdname{Perl} i~\cmdname{Ghostscript} s± instalowane domy¶lnie, +poniewa¿ s± wymagane do uruchamiania wielu wa¿nych narzêdzi. +Istnieje jednak¿e mo¿liwo¶æ rezygnacji z~instalowania obu tyvh programów, je¶li +mamy je ju¿ dostêpne w~systemie. + +Poni¿ej zamieszczono listê miejsc, sk±d mo¿na pobraæ programy pomocnicze: + +\begin{description} +\item[Ghostscript] \url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/} +\item[Perl] \url{http://www.activestate.com/} (uzupe³niaj±ce, przydatne + pakiety nale¿y pobraæ z~zasobów CPAN \url{http://cpan.org}) +\item[ImageMagick] bogaty zestaw narzêdzi do wsadowego przetwarzania + plików graficznych (\url{http://www.imagemagick.com}) +\item[NetPBM] zamiast ImageMagick do przetwarzania i~konwersji plików + graficznych mo¿emy u¿yæ NetPBM (\url{http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/}) +\item[Edytory dla systemu \TeX{}] mamy tutaj spory wybór, zale¿ny od + indywidualnych preferencji u¿ytkownika: + \begin{itemize*} + \item \cmdname{GNU Emacs} w~wersji klasycznej dla Windows + (\url{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html}) + \item \cmdname{XEmacs} -- bardziej przyjazna wersja dla Windows + (\url{http://www.xemacs.org/}) + \item \cmdname{WinShell} -- prosty edytor/shell, dostêpny na \TL + w~katalogu \dirname{support/WinShell} (\url{http://www.winshell.de}) + \item \cmdname{WinEdt} -- bogaty edytor dla \TeX-a, dostêpny jako + \emph{shareware} (\url{http://www.winedt.com}) + \item TeXnicCenter -- kolejny, dosyæ bogaty edytor + (\url{http://www.toolscenter.org/products/texniccenter/}) + \item \cmdname{Vim} -- rozbudowany i~bardzo silny edytor, wywodz±cy siê + z~klasycznego dla systemów Unix \cmdname{vi}, dostêpny na \TL{} + w~katalogu \dirname{support/vim} (\url{http://www.vim.org}) + \item \cmdname{LEd} -- polski edytor dostêpny z + \url{http://www.ctan.org/support/LEd} + \item \cmdname{SciTE} -- edytor dostêpny w~sieci pod adresem: + \url{http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html} + \end{itemize*} +\end{description} + +Mo¿emy zainstalowaæ z~sieci tak¿e inne narzêdzia, których zabrak³o na +\TL{} z~powodów licencyjnych. Przyk³adem jest tu \cmdname{GSView}, +wygodny program wykorzystuj±cy \cmdname{Ghostscript} do wy¶wietlania +i~drukowania plików PS/PDF. Dostêpny jest on m.in. +na \url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/}, a~tak¿e na ka¿dym serwerze +\acro{CTAN}. + +\section[Zarz±dzanie systemem \protect\TL{} w~Windows]{Zarz±dzanie + systemem \protect\TL{} w~Windows} +\label{sec:win-managing} + +Po zainstalowaniu \TL{} mo¿na u¿yæ \texttt{tlpmgui} razem z~\TL{} CD (lub \TeX{} +Collection DVD) do zmian i~administracji Twoj± instalacj±. +Skrót do \texttt{tlpmgui} dostêpny jest w~menu \guiseq{Start\arw Programy\arw +TeXLive2005}. Okno programu zawiera tym razem nastêpuj±ce zak³adki: +\guiseq{Dodawanie pakietów}, \guiseq{Usuwanie pakietów}, \guiseq{Zarz±dzanie +instalacj±} i~\guiseq{Odinstalowanie}. + +\subsection{Dodawanie/usuwanie pakietów} + +Zak³adki \guiseq{Dodawanie pakietów} lub \guiseq{Usuwanie pakietów} posiadaj± +nastêpuj±c± funkcjonalno¶æ: + +\begin{itemize} +\item W~sekcji \guiseq{Przyciski} naci¶niêcie przycisku \guiseq{Szukaj} +wype³nia/od¶wie¿a zawarto¶æ sekcji \guiseq{Wybierz pakiety do...} czyli +kolekcje i~pakiety do instalacji lub usuniêcia. + +Podczas dodawania porównywana jest lista wszystkich pakietów z~\acro{CD} (lub +\acro{DVD}) z~list± uprzednio zainstalowanych. Wy¶wietlane s± tylko +niezainstalowane pakiety. + +Przy usuwaniu wy¶wietlane s± tylko ju¿ zainstalowane pakiety. + +Proszê zwróciæ uwagê, ¿e w~obu zak³adkach wy¶wietlane s± najpierw kolekcje, +a~nastêpnie pojedyncze pakiety. + +\item Wybierz pakiet przez klikniêcie na jego nazwie. Zostanie on +pod¶wietlony. Po naci¶niêciu przycisku \guiseq{Informacje} wy¶wietlany bêdzie +po prawej krótki opis. Dla wielokrotnego wyboru zaznaczaj kolejne elementy na +li¶cie, klikaj±c na nie przy uprzednio przyci¶niêtym klawiszu Ctrl lub Shift. +Mo¿na zaznaczaæ równie¿ przyciskaj±c lewy klawisz myszy i~przeci±gaj±c mysz +w~dó³ albo w~górê. + +\item Naci¶nij przycisk \guiseq{Instaluj} lub \guiseq{Usuñ} w~sekcji +\guiseq{Przyciski} by wykonaæ odpowiednie polecenie. +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Konfigurowanie i inne zadania administracyjne} + +Polecenia dostêpne w~zak³adce \guiseq{Zarz±dzanie instalacj±} s± pomocne +przy wykonywaniu czynno¶ci po dodaniu pakietów jêzykowych, fontów czy +formatów, a~tak¿e przy od¶wie¿aniu bazy danych instalacji, czy rêcznym +dodawaniu pakietów (bez pomocy \texttt{tlpmgui}). + +Mo¿emy tu wykonaæ nastêpuj±ce czynno¶ci: + +\begin{itemize} +\item Od¶wie¿enie bazy danych \filename{ls-R} +\item Tworzenie formatów (wszystkich lub brakuj±cych) +\item Edycja \filename{language.dat} +\item Edycja \filename{fmtutil.cnf} +\item Edycja \filename{updmap.cfg} +\end{itemize} + +Uwaga: okno Edycja\dots{} mo¿na zamkn±æ przyciskiem \guiseq{Anuluj} lub +\guiseq{Gotowe}; w~tym drugim wypadku zostan± odbudowane pliki formatów +(b±d¼ mapy fontowe, gdy edytowano \filename{updmap.cfg}), a~nastêpnie zostan± +od¶wie¿one bazy danych instalacji (pliki \filename{ls-R}). + +Wiêcej informacji na temat indywidualnej konfiguracji zawarto +w~czê¶ci~\ref{sec:persconf}, na str.~\pageref{sec:persconf}. + +\subsection{Odinstalowanie \protect\TL{}} + +Zak³adka \guiseq{Odinstalowanie} udostêpnia polecenie, którego dzia³anie nie +jest warte opisu i~nie wiadomo komu jest ono potrzebne\dots :-) + +\textbf{Uwaga:} katalogi \path|texmf-local| (zawieraj±cy prywatne fonty, makra +itp.) oraz \path|setup-win32| (zawieraj±cy \texttt{tlpmgui} i~zwi±zane z~nim +pliki) nie s± usuwane podczas odinstalowania. Katalogi te nale¿y usun±æ +samodzielnie. + +\subsection{Dodawanie w³asnych pakietów do instalacji} + +Gdy zamierzamy dodaæ pakiety, których brak w~dystrybucji +\TL, warto instalowaæ je w~katalogu +specyfikowanym przez zmienn± \envname{\$TEXMFLOCAL}. W~ten sposób +zabezpieczymy te pakiety podczas aktualizacji/wymiany oprogramowania +\TL{}. + +Katalog wskazywany przez \envname{\$TEXMFLOCAL} jest pocz±tkowo pusty. +Przyk³adowo: dodajemy pakiet dla Maple (przetwarzanie symboliczne); +pliki stylów nale¿y skopiowaæ do katalogu +\path|...\texmf-local\tex\latex\maple\| \ +za¶ pliki dokumentacji do katalogu +\path|...\texmf-local\doc\latex\maple\| + +Na zakoñczenie nale¿y \textbf{koniecznie} zaktualizowaæ bazê danych +instalacji \texttt{ls-R}: albo poprzez wybór z~menu programu \texttt{tlpmgui}, +albo przez uruchomienie z~linii poleceñ \file{mktexlsr}. + +\subsection{Uruchamianie \texttt{tlmp.exe} z linii poleceñ} + +Program \cmdname{tlpm.exe} jest intensywnie u¿ywany jako ,,silnik'' +\cmdname{tlpmgui}. Mo¿e byæ uruchamiany samodzielnie z~linii poleceñ +i~posiada wiele u¿ytecznych opcji, które mo¿na wy¶wietliæ po uruchomieniu: +\begin{verbatim} +tlpm --help +\end{verbatim} + +Wiêcej informacji i~przyk³adów u¿ycia mo¿na znale¼æ +w~pliku \path|tlpm.readme| (katalog \path|setup-win32|). + +\subsection{Instalacja sieciowa} + Biblioteka \KPS{} + %(patrz rozdzia³ \ref{}) + rozpoznaje nazwy UNC, wobec tego +mo¿emy ich u¿yæ dla specyfikacji drzew katalogów TEXMF udostêpnianych w~sieci +komputerowej. Wszystkie pliki z~wyj±tkiem zawartych w~katalogu +\texttt{bin/win32} mog± byæ wspó³dzielone z~instalacjami \teTeX{} lub \TL{} +systemów Unix/Linux. Oznacza to, ¿e mo¿na u¿yæ Samby do zamontowania serwera +NT dla stacji roboczej Unix lub odwrotnie: serwer np. Linux mo¿e udostêpniaæ +zasoby dla stacji Windows. + +\noindent Dostêpne s± nastêpuj±ce mo¿liwo¶ci: + \begin{itemize} +\item Instalacja ca³ego oprogramowania na serwerze. Wystarczy dodaæ + binaria dla wymaganych systemów w~podkatalogach \texttt{bin}, np. + \texttt{bin/win32} i~\texttt{bin/i386-linux}, nastêpnie nale¿y ustawiæ g³ówne + zmienne ¶rodowiska. W~Windows mo¿na u¿yæ nazw UNC dla wskazania odpowiednich + katalogów. +\item Instalacja lokalnych kopii binariów i~plików formatów. W~tym wypadku + nale¿y przypisaæ zmienn± \envname{\$TEXMFMAIN} do katalogu dostêpnego + na zdalnej maszynie (w~sieci), a~zmienn± \envname{\$VARTEXMF} + do katalogu, który bêdzie przechowywa³ lokalne pliki konfiguracyjne + i~inne generowane pliki. +\end{itemize} + + +\subsection{Ró¿nice w~stosunku do standardowego \Webc{} w~systemach Win32} +Programy \Webc{} dzia³aj±ce w~systemach Win32 posiadaj± szczególne cechy, +o~których warto wspomnieæ: + +\begin{description} +\item[\KPS{}] -- tablice haszowe, tworzone w~\TL{} przez bibliotekê + \KPS{}, s± bardzo du¿e. Aby skróciæ czas uruchamiania dowolnego programu, + wykorzystuj±cego \KPS{}, tablice haszowe zostaj± umieszczone w~pamiêci + wspó³dzielonej przez procesy. W~ten sposób zmniejszono znacznie czas + uruchamiania programów wywo³ywanych kolejno, jeden przez drugi + (np. \texttt{tex} wywo³uj±cy \texttt{mpost} wywo³uj±cy \texttt{tex}). + Zmianê tê ukryto przed u¿ytkownikiem, z~wyj±tkiem sytuacji, gdy + zostanie u¿yta opcja~\texttt{-1} dla diagnostyki dzia³ania \KPS; + mo¿na wtedy ¶ledziæ wykorzystanie pamiêci wspó³dzielonej. +\item[\cmdname{kpsecheck}] -- program ten oferuje kilka opcji + uzupe³niaj±cych dla programu \cmdname{kpsewhich}. + Pozwala na wylistowanie wszystkich plików, które wystêpuj± wielokrotnie + w~dostêpnych drzewach katalogów texmf. Mo¿e to byæ przydatne, choæ + czêsto mo¿emy otrzymywaæ niepo¿±dane komunikaty o~dziesi±tkach plików typu + \texttt{README}. Warto tu wspomnieæ, ¿e takie pliki powoduj± + ,,zapychanie'' siê mechanizmu haszowego \KPS{}; na szczê¶cie biblioteka ta + nigdy ich nie wyszukuje. Aby tego unikn±æ, nale¿y u¿yæ opcji + \texttt{-multiple-occurences} wraz z~dwiema innymi, pozwalaj±cymi + podaæ wzorce nazw do pominiêcia lub w³±czenia w~procesie przeszukiwania + (mo¿na podaæ kilka wzorców). + + \cmdname{kpsecheck} raportuje tak¿e stan pamiêci wspó³dzielonej: u¿ywanej + i~nieu¿ywanej. Warto czasem o~tym wiedzieæ, gdy¿ pokazywany + status ,,pamiêæ w~u¿yciu'' mo¿e oznaczaæ, ¿e dzia³a kilka procesów + i~efekt wykonania polecenia \cmdname{mktexlsr} zostanie ka¿dorazowo + opó¼niony do czasu, a¿ nie bêdzie pracowa³ ¿aden program korzystaj±cy + z~\KPS{}. + + \cmdname{kpsecheck} pozwala tak¿e okre¶liæ po³o¿enie programu +Ghostscript. W~systemach Win32 ³atwiej jest wielu programom skorzystaæ +z~biblioteki DLL programu Ghostscript i~znale¼æ j± na podstawie rejestrów +systemowych, ni¿ na podstawie zmodyfikowanej przez u¿ytkownika zmiennej +\envname{PATH} (ponadto zmienne ¶rodowiskowe, szczególnie w~starszych + wersjach systemu Windows, maj± do¶æ ograniczon± pojemno¶æ). +\item[\Webc{}] -- programy dla Windows posiadaj± kilka dodatkowych opcji + nieobecnych w~wersjach kompilowanych dla Unix i~jedn± dzia³aj±c± nieco + inaczej: + \begin{itemize} + \item \texttt{-halt-on-error} pozwala zatrzymaæ przetwarzanie + na pierwszym napotkanym b³êdzie; + \item \texttt{-job-time} ustawia czas tworzonych plików na taki sam + jak pliku przetwarzanego; + \item \texttt{-time-statistics} wy¶wietla statystyki dotycz±ce czasu + przetwarzania; warto tu wspomnieæ, ¿e systemy Win9x, nie bêd±c prawdziwymi + systemami wielozadaniowymi, nie maj± prawid³owo dzia³aj±cego pomiaru + czasu dla krótkotrwa³ych procesów, wobec tego wy¶wietlane warto¶ci s± + jedynie przybli¿one; w~NT/2K/XP wyniki s± bardziej dok³adne; w~Win32 brak + polecenia \texttt{time} znanego z~systemów Unix. + \end{itemize} +\end{description} + + +\subsection{Konfiguracja indywidualna} +\label{sec:persconf} +\subsubsection{Dvips} + +Plik konfiguracyjny \verb+config.ps+ programu Dvips znajduje siê +w~katalogu \path|C:\TeXlive2005\texmf-var\dvips\config\|. +Plik ten mo¿na otworzyæ w~dowolnym edytorze (np. w~\cmdname{WinShell}) +po to, aby zmieniæ niektóre parametry dzia³ania Dvips. Najwa¿niejsze z~nich +zgrupowano w~blokach deklaracji: + +\begin{description} +\item [fonty] -- mo¿na zmieniæ domy¶lne parametry generowania fontów +przez \MF{}-a dla danej drukarki (parametr \texttt{M}) i~rozdzielczo¶æ +(parametry \texttt{D}, \texttt{X}, \texttt{Y}). Standardowo +fonty generowane s± dla drukarek laserowych, zgodnych z~Hewlett Packard +(tryb ljfour), w~rozdzielczo¶ci 600~dpi. Domy¶lnie ustawiono wykorzystanie +fontów CM (oraz PL) w~ich wersji obwiedniowej (Type~1), wobec tego +Dvips nie powinien odwo³ywaæ siê zbyt czêsto do programu +\cmdname{mktexpk}. +\item[drukarka] -- parametr `o' okre¶la nazwê portu/przekierowania wydruku. +Gdy nie wpisano nazwy drukarki (portu), wynik pracy bêdzie +zapisywany w~pliku PostScriptowym \verb+.ps+. Drukarkê specyfikujemy +jednym z~poni¿szych sposobów: +\begin{verbatim} +o lpt1: +% o | lpr -S server -P myprinter +% o \\server\myprinter +\end{verbatim} + %\item[mapy fontowe] -- do standardowej mapy fontowej \verb+psfonts.map+ + % (wiersz: \verb+p psfonts.map+) mo¿emy do³±czyæ dodatkowe mapy fontowe, + % np.: + %\begin{verbatim} + %p +bsr.map + %p +hoekwater.map + %\end{verbatim} + %parametr \verb+p+ musi znajdowaæ siê w~pierwszej kolumnie; nazwy plików + %z~do³±czanymi mapami poprzedzamy znakiem \texttt{+}; zbêdne mapy + %mo¿na wy³±czyæ, wstawiaj±c na pocz±tku wiersza znak komentarza (\texttt{\%}). + %Wymienione w~przyk³adzie mapy dotycz± do³±czania wersji obwiedniowej fontów + %CM produkcji Blue Sky Research (bsr.map) i~dodatkowych fontów logo, wasy, + %stmaryrd, wykonanych przez Taco Hoekwatera (hoekwater.map). +\item[papier] -- domy¶lnie Dvips tworzy dokumenty dla formatu A4. + Zmiana formatu (np. na US Letter) wymaga przeniesienia jego definicji + na pocz±tek bloku deklaracji formatów (blok ten rozpoczynaj± wiersze + ze znakiem \texttt{@}). Na pocz±tek bloku trzeba wiêc przenie¶æ wiersze: +\begin{verbatim} +@ letterSize 8.5in 11in +@ letter 8.5in 11in +@+ %%BeginPaperSize: Letter +@+ letter +@+ %%EndPaperSize +\end{verbatim} +\end{description} + +\textbf{Uwaga:} obecna dystrybucja \TL{} posiada u³atwion± +procedurê automatycznej aktualizacji map fontowych dla Dvips +i~Pdftex, wykonywan± przez program \cmdname{updmap}. +Po dodaniu pakietów z~fontami nale¿y zmodyfikowaæ plik \verb+updmap.cfg+ +w~katalogu \path|$VARTEXMF/web2c|, a~nastêpnie uruchomiæ program +\verb+updmap+. Obie czynno¶ci wykonuje odpowiednie menu programu +\guiseq{tlpmgui}. + +\subsubsection{Pdftex} +Konfiguracja programu pdf(la)tex wymaga modyfikacji pliku\\ +\verb+...\TeXlive\texmf-var\generic\config\pdftexconfig.tex+\\ + %W pliku tym mo¿emy deklarowaæ dodatkowe mapy fontowe wczytywane przez + %program, choæ obecnie tworzone s± one automatycznie + %przez program \cmdname{updmap} (patrz ,,Uwaga'' zamieszczona powy¿ej). + %Stosowana jest tu nieco + %inna notacja ni¿ w~\verb+config.ps+: + %\begin{verbatim} + %map pdftex.map + %map +lw35.map + %%map +rawfonts.map + %\end{verbatim} + Mo¿na tu ustawiæ parametry pracy programu \texttt{pdftex}: +rozmiar papieru, stopieñ kompresji itp. Na przyk³ad rozmiar strony dla +formatu letter ustawia siê nastêpuj±co: +\begin{alltt} +\bs{}pdfpagewidth=8.5 true in +\bs{}pdfpageheight=11 true in +\end{alltt} + +\subsubsection{GSView} +Pocz±wszy od wersji zgodnej z~Ghostscript 6.50, GSView jest niestety +programem \textit{shareware}, wobec tego nie móg³ znale¼æ siê na \CD. + +Parametry pracy programu s± ustawiane m.in. w~menu \verb+Media+. +W~podmenu \texttt{Display Settings} mo¿na poprawiæ (kosztem szybko¶ci pracy) +sposób wy¶wietlania: parametry \texttt{Text Alpha} +i~\texttt{Graphics Alpha} nale¿y ustawiæ na 4~bity. +W~menu \verb+Media+ mo¿na te¿ okre¶liæ rozmiar papieru i~jego orientacjê. + +Uwagi dotycz±ce drukowania zawarto poni¿ej, w~podrozdziale~\ref{printing}. + +\subsubsection{WinDvi} +\label{sec:windvi} + Program \file{tlpmgui.exe} ustawia skojarzenie plików \verb+.dvi+ +z~uruchamianiem programu \file{Windvi}, ale nie tworzy dla tego programu +ikony na pulpicie. W~miarê potrzeby nale¿y zatem wykonaæ to samodzielnie b±d¼ +uruchamiaæ program z~linii poleceñ lub menu edytora (po jego odpowiednim +skonfigurowaniu). + +W~menu \texttt{View} +\verb+->+\texttt{Options} mo¿na ustawiæ niektóre parametry pracy Windvi, +np. mo¿liwo¶æ uruchamiania programów zewnêtrznych (\texttt{Allow shell}), +automatyczne od¶wie¿anie zmienionego pliku .dvi (\texttt{Autoscan}), +tryb pracy \MF{}-a i~rozdzielczo¶æ generowanych fontów (\texttt{MF mode} +i~\texttt{Pixels per inch}), wspó³pracê z~Ghostscriptem (\texttt{Postscript}) +itp. Po zakoñczeniu pracy programu parametry zapisywane s± +w~pliku \verb+$HOME/windvi.cnf+ (lub \verb+Moje dokumenty/windvi.cnf+). +Po³o¿enie tego pliku mo¿na ustaliæ po uruchomieniu z~wiersza poleceñ: +\begin{verbatim} +c:\>kpsewhich --expand-var $HOME/windvi.cnf +\end{verbatim} +W~wypadku b³êdnego ustawienia parametrów pracy Windvi plik konfiguracyjny +wystarczy skasowaæ. + +\subsection{Testowanie} + +Ogólne wskazówki dotycz±ce weryfikacji instalacji zawarto +w~czê¶ci~\ref{sec:test-install}, na str.~\pageref{sec:test-install}. +Tutaj omówimy jedynie kwestie specyficzne dla Windows. + +Dla szybkiej kontroli poprawno¶ci instalacji nale¿y uruchomiæ +edytor i~otworzyæ plik \verb+sample2e.tex+ +(znajduje siê on w~katalogu \path|C:\TeXLive2005\texmf\tex\latex\base\|). +Na belce z~narzêdziami wybraæ z~menu \guiseq{Command\arw LaTeX} (XEmacs) +lub wcisn±æ ikonê uruchamiania programu \verb+latex+ (WinShell). +Nastêpnie wybraæ z~menu \guiseq{Command\arw View DVI} (XEmacs), lub +wcisn±æ ikonê podgl±du DVI (WinShell). Pierwsze uruchomienie \verb+windvi+ +zazwyczaj automatycznie generuje wymagane fonty ekranowe. Po kilku sesjach +komunikaty dotycz±ce generowania fontów stan± siê rzadsze. + %Warto ponadto wypróbowaæ uruchamianie Dvips i~GSView z~programu + %\cmdname{WinShell}. + +\textbf{Wskazówka:} je¶li program \verb+latex+ nie mo¿e znale¼æ pliku +do przetwarzania, naci¶niêcie \textbf{Ctrl-Z} spowoduje natychmiastowe +zakoñczenie jego pracy. + +\subsection{Drukowanie}\label{printing} +Drukowanie bezpo¶rednio z~programu Windvi odbywa siê z~wykorzystaniem +uniwersalnego sterownika druku systemu Windows. Z~definicji powinien byæ +on zgodny z~wiêkszo¶ci± drukarek, jednak¿e ma on tendencjê do tworzenia +olbrzymich +plików kolejek (spool) i~niektóre (starsze) wersje Windows po prostu +tego nie akceptuj±. Zalet± sterownika jest jedynie mo¿liwo¶æ obs³ugi +grafik BMP i~WFM. Stosuj±c metodê druku via sterownik Windows nale¿y +prawid³owo ustawiæ parametry rozdzielczo¶ci (patrz +podrozdzia³~\ref{sec:windvi}), w~przeciwnym wypadku otrzymany wydruk mo¿e byæ +przeskalowany (np. drukuj±c w~rozdzielczo¶ci 600dpi na drukarce 300dpi +otrzymamy niespodziewanie 1/4 zamierzonego rozmiaru wydruku). + +Drukowanie znacznie szybsze i~bardziej niezawodne zapewni konwersja pliku +\verb+.dvi+ do \verb+.ps+ programem Dvips i~wykorzystanie GSView. Z~menu +\verb+Plik+ nale¿y wybraæ \verb+Drukuj+, co wy¶wietli okno dialogowe +z~szeregiem opcji. Gdy mamy drukarkê PostScriptow±, nale¿y wybraæ +\texttt{PostScript printer}. Drukowanie na drukarkach bez interpretera +PostScript wymaga zaznaczenia opcji \texttt{Ghostscript device} +(w~sekcji ,,Print Method'' okna) i~wybrania przyciskiem po prawej stronie +odpowiedniego urz±dzenia. + +%%% +\subsection{\cmdname{WinShell}}\label{sec:winshell} + +Je¶li nie decydujemy siê na rozbudowany (ale i~bardzo silny) edytor +XEmacs, mo¿emy samodzielnie zainstalowaæ prosty i~³atwy w~obs³udze +edytor WinShell. Znajdziemy go na p³ytkach w~katalogu +\dirname{support/WinShell}. Wystarczy dwukrotnie klikn±æ klawiszem myszy +na znajduj±cym siê tam pliku \texttt{.exe}. +Program uruchamiamy z~menu Start b±d¼ z~ikony/skrótu na pulpicie. +Dostosowanie do polskiej wersji Windows wymaga, prócz okre¶lenia jêzyka +dla menu i~komunikatów, u¿ycia menu +\verb+Opcje+ (Options) \verb+->+ \verb+Font+ \verb+->+ \verb+Zmieñ+ +i~wyboru w~wy¶wietlonym oknie \texttt{Skrypt} +napisu \texttt{Europa ¦rodkowa}. Dziêki temu wpisywane za pomoc± +prawego klawisza Alt polskie znaki diakrytyczne bêd± prawid³owo +wy¶wietlane. + +Aby skonfigurowaæ uruchamianie programów otwieramy menu +\texttt{Options} \verb+->+ \texttt{Program Calls}. + +\begin{itemize}\itemsep 0pt +\item W zak³adce DVIWin, w~polu ,,exe-file'', powinno byæ ju¿ wpisane +\texttt{windvi.exe}. +\item W zak³adce Ghostview nale¿y sprawdziæ, czy prawid³owo podano +¶cie¿kê dla gsview32.exe:\\ +\hspace*{1em} \verb+C:\ghostgum\gsview\gsview32.exe+ (dla wersji 3.6 +i~nowszych). +\end{itemize} +Wciskaj±c przycisk \texttt{OK} zatwierdzamy zmiany. + +Instalacja programu ustawia w~Windows skojarzenie plików \texttt{.tex} +z~uruchamianiem \cmdname{WinShell}. Dopóki nie zamierzamy korzystaæ +z~innego edytora (jak WinEdt lub Emacs) jest to poprawne. + +%\cmdname{WinShell} niestety nie posiada wbudowanej korekty pisowni, +%niemniej jednak po zainstalowaniu zestawu \path|extrabin| +%mamy do dyspozycji program \cmdname{Ispell} (program korekty pisowni, znany +%z~systemów Unix). Poniewa¿ znajduje siê on w~¶cie¿ce przypisanej +%zmiennej PATH, \verb+ispell.exe+ mo¿e byæ uruchamiany z~linii +%poleceñ (okno DOS). Informacjê +%o~Ispell mo¿na znale¼æ~w: \OnCD{texmf/doc/html/manpages/ispell.html} +%Na \CD{} dostêpny jest s³ownik Ispell dla jêzyka polskiego; +%typowe uruchamianie programu: \verb+ispell -t -b -d polish-win plik.tex+ +%powoduje wczytanie s³ownika w~kodowaniu Windows cp1250. +% +%Ispell mo¿na uruchamiaæ z poziomu \cmdname{WinShell}; +%w~podrozdziale~\ref{winshell:ispell} opisano jak dodaæ uruchamianie polecenia +%do menu edytora. + +\cmdname{WinShell} posiada pomoc, dostêpn± po naci¶niêciu symbolu +$\textbf{\underbar{?}}$ na belce z~narzêdziami. + +\subsubsection{U¿ycie plików ,,projektu''} + Wielokrotnie mamy do czynienia z~dokumentami sk³adaj±cymi siê z~wielu +czê¶ci. Najwygodniej gdy s± one zapisane w~odrêbnych plikach. +\cmdname{WinShell} umo¿liwia utworzenie pliku projektu (\textit{Project +file}), w~którym deklarujemy poszczególne czê¶ci wiêkszego dokumentu. Nazwy +pliku projektu, traktowanego jako g³ówny edytowany plik (\textit{Main file}), +oraz plików czê¶ci s± wy¶wietlane w~lewym oknie edytora. Dwukrotne klikniêcie +mysz± na nazwie pliku pozwala na szybki wybór i~wy¶wietlenie potrzebnego +pliku w~g³ównym oknie edytora. Naci¶niêcie ikony LaTeX na belce narzêdziowej +uruchamia zawsze przetwarzanie g³ównego pliku, bez wzglêdu na to który plik +jest aktualnie wy¶wietlany. + +Na belce narzêdziowej mamy dodatkowe przyciski pozwalaj±ce wy³±czyæ lub +w³±czyæ wy¶wietlanie okna projektu (po lewej stronie) i~okna zapisu sesji +(log) -- na dole. Gdy plik projektu nie jest u¿ywany, lew± czê¶æ okna mo¿na +zamkn±æ, wykorzystuj±c ca³± szeroko¶æ ekranu dla edytowanego pliku. + +\subsubsection{Drukowanie z~\cmdname{WinShell} na drukarce PostScriptowej} +\label{winshell:print} + Ikona Dvips belki narzêdziowej uruchamia program, który wynik pracy +zapisuje zwykle w~pliku \verb+.ps+. Ogl±danie i/lub drukowanie takiego pliku +wymaga uruchomienia GSView. \cmdname{WinShell} pozwala zdefiniowaæ +wygodne wywo³anie polecenia dvips, które wynik przetwarzania wy¶le od razu +do drukarki posiadaj±cej interpreter PostScript. Przyk³adowo, dla drukarki +o~nazwie \texttt{vclw}, postêpowanie bêdzie nastêpuj±ce: +\begin{enumerate} +\item Deklaracja danej drukarki w programie: +\begin{itemize} +\item otworzyæ \cmdname{WinShell}, wybraæ menu \texttt{Opcje} \verb+->+ + \texttt{Programy u¿ytkownika}. +\item wybraæ \texttt{Tool 1} w~spisie po prawej stronie i~wype³niæ pola + po stronie lewej, np.:\vspace{-3pt} + \begin{quote} + Name: \verb+Drukuj+\\ + exe file: \verb+dvips+\\ + cmd-line: \verb+ -D600 %c.dvi -o vclw+\\ + skasowaæ zaznaczenie okienka ,,najpierw DVIPS'' +\end{quote}%\vspace{-12pt} +\item nacisn±æ \texttt{OK}. +\end{itemize} +\item Dodanie polecenia ,,Drukuj'' do belki narzêdziowej: +\begin{itemize} +\item wybraæ menu \texttt{Opcje} \verb+->+ \texttt{Przegl±daj} \verb+->+ + \texttt{Dostosuj paski}; +\item w okienku \verb+Kategoria+ wybraæ \texttt{Programy u¿ytkownika}; +\item wskazaæ \texttt{Drukuj} i przeci±gn±æ go mysz± na belkê narzêdziow±, + umieszczaj±c w~dowolnym miejscu obok innych poleceñ; +\item w kolejno wy¶wietlanym oknie dokonaæ wyboru: ,,Tylko obrazek'' (Image +only), ,,Tylko tekst'' lub ,,Tekst i~obrazek''; najpro¶ciej wybraæ +,,Tylko tekst'' i~zatwierdziæ guzikiem + \texttt{OK}. + Napis \texttt{Drukuj} uka¿e siê na belce. (Bardziej wymagaj±cy u¿ytkownicy + mog± wybraæ opcjê ,,Tylko obrazek'', nastêpnie ,,Edytuj'' i~skonstruowaæ + sobie w³asn± ikonkê.) +\end{itemize} +\end{enumerate} +Uruchamianie polecenia zosta³o zdefiniowane. Aby drukowaæ bezpo¶rednio na +drukarce wystarczy teraz nacisn±æ guzik z~napisem ,,Drukuj''. + +%\subsubsection{Dodanie Ispell do \cmdname{WinShell}} +%\label{winshell:ispell} +%\begin{enumerate} +%\item Deklaracja polecenia Ispell: +%\begin{itemize} +%\item otworzyæ \cmdname{WinShell}, wybraæ menu \texttt{Opcje} \verb+->+ +% \texttt{Wywo³anie programów} \verb+->+ \texttt{User defined}. +%\item wybraæ \texttt{Tool 1} (lub \texttt{Tool 2}, je¶li \texttt{Tool 1} +% zosta³o ju¿ u¿yte) i~wype³niæ pola po lewej stronie okna:\vspace{-3pt} +%\begin{quote} +% Name: \verb+Ispell+\\ +% exe file: \verb+ispell+\\ +% cmd-line: \verb+ -t -d polish-win %c.tex+\\ +% skasowaæ zaznaczenie okienek ,,najpierw LaTeX'' i ,,najpierw DVIPS'' +%\end{quote}%\vspace{-12pt} +%\item nacisn±æ \texttt{OK}. +%\end{itemize} +%\item Dodanie polecenia ,,Ispell'' do belki narzêdziowej +% -- analogicznie jak powy¿ej, dla polecenia ,,Drukuj''. +%\end{enumerate} +% Gdy mamy otwarty dokument \TeX-owy, naci¶niêcie guzika ,,Ispell'' uruchomi +%w~odrêbnym oknie program Ispell, który rozpocznie sprawdzanie pisowni. +%Niepoprawne (lub nieznane) s³owo zostanie wy¶wietlone, poni¿ej pojawi +%siê kontekst i~czasem sugestie jak naprawiæ b³±d (naci¶niêcie klawisza +%cyfry umieszczonej obok sugerowanego s³owa dokona zamiany +%b³êdnie napisanego s³owa). Inne reakcje na b³±d s± wy¶wietlane +%u~do³u ekranu, np. naci¶niêcie klawisza spacji ignoruje dany b³±d i~wznawia +%wyszukiwanie. Wiêcej informacji na temat Ispell mo¿na znale¼æ +%w:~\verb+C:\Program Files\TeXlive\texmf\doc\html\manpages\ispell.html+. +% +%Uwaga: poprawione s³owa nie uka¿± siê w~oknie \cmdname{WinShell} +%dopóki plik nie zostanie zamkniêty (przez naci¶niêcie X w~prawym górnym +%rogu okna edytora) i~ponownie otwarty (z~menu Plik). + +\subsection{Wskazówki dla u¿ytkowników Win32} + +\subsubsection{Ró¿ne wcielenia Win32} +To, co nazywamy Win32 nie jest w³a¶ciwie systemem operacyjnym a~jedynie +zbiorem funkcji, z~których wiele (ok. 12000) mo¿na u¿yæ do pisania +programów dla ró¿nych systemów operacyjnych rodziny Windows. Spotykamy +ró¿ne wersje Windows: +\begin{itemize} +\item Win95 i Win98, które \emph{nie s± prawdziwymi systemami +wielozadaniowymi i~wielow±tkowymi}. S± to ostatnie (na szczê¶cie) +metamorfozy systemu DOS, co mo¿na sprawdziæ podczas startu systemu, +wymuszaj±c ³adowanie tylko wiersza poleceñ: polecenie \texttt{ver} +zwróci wtedy np. napis ,,MS-DOS 7.0''. +\item NT, nowy system operacyjny, napisany od podstaw, wyposa¿ony + w~prawdziwe mo¿liwo¶ci wielozadaniowo¶ci i~inne zaawansowane cechy. +\item Windows 2000, oparty na NT, z~wszystkimi cechami zewnêtrznymi + Win98. +\item Windows XP, wystêpuj±cy w~odmianach Personal i~Pro, jest ostatnim + krokiem po³±czenia cech obu linii produktów Win9x i~NT. +\end{itemize} + +Win9x maj± mo¿liwo¶æ uruchamiania jednocze¶nie programów 16- +i~32-bi\-to\-wych, ale poniewa¿ sam system nie jest w~ca³o¶ci +napisany dla trybu 32-bi\-to\-wego i~nie posiada ochrony pamiêci, programy +16-bi\-to\-we mog± nadpisywaæ czê¶æ pamiêci wykorzystywanej przez system! +Niektóre elementy systemu, jak GDI (\emph{Graphical Device Interface}) +zarz±dzaj± w~sposób ograniczony zasobami (bitmapy, fonty itp.) +gdy wszystkie uruchomione programy jednocze¶nie korzystaj± z~tych zasobów. +Wszystkie nag³ówki bitmap dostêpnych w~tym samym czasie nie mog± przekroczyæ +granicy 64KB. Jest to przyczyna spotykanego czêsto gwa³townego spadku +wydajno¶ci systemu i~jego zawieszania. + +NT i W2K i~XP nie posiadaj± takich ograniczeñ. S± to systemy w~pe³ni +wielozadaniowe i~z~ochron± pamiêci. Wydaj± siê bardziej stabilne, +poniewa¿ lepiej zarz±dzaj± pamiêci±, posiadaj± lepszy system plików itp. + +\subsubsection{Wiersz poleceñ} + Wielu u¿ytkowników mo¿e zadaæ pytanie: ,,po co u¿ywaæ wiersza poleceñ +w~systemie Windows?''. Dobre pytanie! Problem ma naturê bardziej ogóln±. +Otó¿ nie wszystkie zadania daje siê wykonaæ jedynie przy u¿yciu interfejsu +graficznego (\acro{GUI}). Wiersz poleceñ dostarcza wielu mo¿liwo¶ci rasowego +programowania (zak³adaj±c posiadanie przyzwoitego interpretera poleceñ). + +\TeX{} jest programem dzia³aj±cym \emph{wsadowo} (\emph{batch}), +a~nie interakcyjnie: wylicza najlepszy wygl±d ka¿dej strony, rozwi±zuje +odes³ania itp. Taki charakter pracy mo¿liwy jest jedynie podczas +globalnego przetwarzania dokumentu, nie ma tu mo¿liwo¶ci interakcji. +Oznacza to, ¿e program \TeX{} powinien byæ u¿ywany z~linii poleceñ. +W~istocie nie jest to takie z³e. Programy dzia³aj±ce wsadowo, przeznaczone +do skomplikowanych zadañ, s± zwykle lepiej opracowane i~pozbawione b³êdów, +poniewa¿ nie s± zwi±zane z~graficznym interfejsem. Do uruchamiania +takich programów mo¿na zawsze opracowaæ interfejs graficzny, przekazuj±cy +zadanie do wykonania i~inne parametry. Przyk³adem takiego w³a¶nie dzia³ania +mo¿e byæ graficzny edytor (patrz punkt \ref{sec:winshell}). + +Niemniej jednak czêste s± sytuacje, gdy przydaje siê mo¿liwo¶æ uruchamiania +programów bezpo¶rednio z~linii poleceñ, np. diagnostyka b³êdów w~wypadku +wyst±pienia problemów (patrz punkt \ref{sec:Debugging} na +str.~\pageref{sec:Debugging}). + +\begin{description} +\item[Win9x] linia poleceñ dostêpna jest z~menu \texttt{Start->Programy->Tryb + MS~DOS} albo \texttt{Start->Uruchom}: nale¿y tu wpisaæ \texttt{command.com}. +\item[NT, 2K, XP] dostêp do linii poleceñ z menu \texttt{Start->Akcesoria-> + Command Prompt}; mo¿na tak¿e w~menu \texttt{Start->Uruchom} + wpisaæ \texttt{cmd.exe} co uruchomi interpreter poleceñ (wyja¶nia to, + dlaczego trudno w~systemach opartych na NT mówiæ o~,,oknie DOS''). +\end{description} + +\subsubsection{Separatory ¶cie¿ek} +API Win32 obs³uguje zarówno \texttt{/}, jak i~\path|\| jako separatory ¶cie¿ek. +Niestety interpretery poleceñ obs³uguj± wy³±cznie \path|\|, a~wiêc +odwo³uj±c siê do programu w~linii poleceñ mo¿emy u¿yæ tylko tego znaku +(wynika to z~potrzeby kompatybilno¶ci: znak \texttt{/} u¿ywany jest czêsto +jako prefiks dodatkowego parametru). +Gdy nazwa ¶cie¿ki jest u¿ywana przez program, oba separatory mog± byæ +stosowane wymiennie, a~nawet mieszane. + +Nie nale¿y siê dziwiæ gdy czêsto spotkamy ¶cie¿ki pisane w~konwencji Unix +(a~wiêc separowane znakiem \texttt{/}). \fpTeX{} jest implementacj± \Webc{} +i~z~zasady musi byæ zgodny miêdzy ró¿nymi platformami. Dlatego w³a¶nie +np. wszystkie pliki konfiguracyjne stosuj± konwencjê uniksow± notacji +¶cie¿ek. + +\subsubsection{System plików} +\label{sec:clusters} + Najgorsz± cech± Win9x z~punktu widzenia systemu \TeX{} jest prawdopodobnie +system plików zwany FAT. \TeX{} u¿ywa bardzo wielu niewielkich plików +(1--3KB) i~na wspó³czesnych dyskach o~wielkiej pojemno¶ci ka¿dy taki plik +potrafi faktycznie zaj±æ nawet 32KB. Wykorzystanie dysku jest wiêc bardzo nieefektywne +za¶ instalacja wszystkich plików z~\CD{} mo¿e w~rzeczywisto¶ci zaj±æ wielokrotnie wiêcej miejsca ni¿ ³±czna objêto¶æ plików. + +Bardziej nowoczesne systemy plików, takie jak NTFS, dostêpne s± w~nowszych +wersjach Windows s± pozbawione ujemnych cech FAT: minimalna jednostka +alokacji dla pliku to zwykle 4KB, choæ w~systemie NTFS mo¿na j± zredukowaæ +nawet do 512 bajtów. + +\subsubsection{Jak dodaæ katalog do zmiennej PATH} +Wiêkszo¶æ programów korzysta ze zmiennych, którym mo¿na przypisaæ pewne +warto¶ci. Zestaw takich przypisañ (par: zmienna\dywiz warto¶æ) +nazywamy ¶rodowiskiem. Ka¿dy uruchomiony program korzysta z~kopii +¶rodowiska i~mo¿e w~ramach tej kopii zmieniaæ przypisania niektórych +zmiennych (nie s± one dostêpne dla innych uruchomionych równolegle +programów). Instalator systemu \TeX\ dla Win32 konieczn± konfiguracjê +¶rodowiska przeprowadza automatycznie. Warto jednak wiedzieæ, +jak konfigurowaæ ¶rodowisko rêcznie. + +\texttt{PATH} jest specjaln± zmienn± wykorzystywan± do lokalizowania programów +w~systemie. Poszczególne wersje Windows maj± ró¿ne procedury deklarowania +\texttt{PATH}: + +\begin{description} +\item[Windows 95/98] zmienna PATH jest tu deklarowana w~pliku + \texttt{autoexec.bat} (znajduje siê on w~g³ównym katalogu dysku startowego). + Po wczytaniu pliku do edytora (np. Notatnik, WinShell) nale¿y + odszukaæ wiersz z~napisem \texttt{PATH=} i~z~szeregiem ¶cie¿ek + oddzielanych separatorem \texttt{;} (¶rednik). Mo¿na dopisaæ kolejne ¶cie¿ki + wskazuj±ce po³o¿enie programów, np. +\begin{verbatim} +PATH=c:\windows;c:\windows\system;c:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32 +\end{verbatim} + Proszê zauwa¿yæ, ¿e ¶cie¿ki zawieraj±ce spacjê wymagaj± ujêcia w~parê + znaków \verb+"+. Poczynione zmiany bêd± aktywne po restarcie systemu. +\item[Windows ME] nale¿y uruchomiæ specjalny program + \path|c:\windows\system\msconfig.exe| i~wybraæ opcjê ,,¦rodowisko'' + (\emph{Environment}). Po dodaniu lub modyfikacji zmiennej nale¿y ponownie + uruchomiæ system. +\item[Windows NT/2K/XP] nale¿y wybraæ menu \texttt{Start -> Settings -> + Panel Sterowania}, w~opcji ,,System'' otworzyæ zak³adkê ,,Zaawansowane'', + nastêpnie przycisk ,,Zmienne ¶rodowiskowe'' + i~tu modyfikowaæ deklaracje zmiennych, zgodnie z~posiadanymi uprawnieniami. + Istniej±c± zmienn± \texttt{PATH} modyfikujemy + naciskaj±c lewy klawisz myszy na napisie \texttt{PATH}. Pole ,,Warto¶æ'' + (Value) poka¿e listê katalogów rozdzielonych separatorem \texttt{;}. + Nale¿y tu dopisaæ katalog zawieraj±cy programy ¶rodowiska \TeX-owego + (np. \path|c:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32|). + Gdy brak jest zmiennej \texttt{PATH}, nale¿y klikn±æ pole ,,Zmienna'', + wpisaæ \texttt{PATH}, przenie¶æ kursor do pola ,,Warto¶æ'' i~wpisaæ tu + odpowiedni katalog. + + Uwaga: przed zamkniêciem okna dialogowego nale¿y zatwierdziæ zmiany + przyciskiem ,,Zastosuj''. +\end{description} +Dokonane zmiany mo¿na sprawdziæ otwieraj±c konsolê i~uruchamiaj±c polecenie: +\begin{verbatim} +set NAZWA_ZMIENNEJ +\end{verbatim} +co wy¶wietli aktualnie aktywne warto¶ci dla danej zmiennej. + +\subsubsection{,,Maszyny'' \TeX{}} +Z dokumentacji \Webc{} mo¿na wyczytaæ, ¿e ró¿nie nazwane programy +wykorzystuj± tê sam± ,,maszynê'', np. \texttt{tex.exe} i~\texttt{latex.exe} +s± dok³adnymi kopiami tego samego programu, ale uruchamiaj± siê +z~ró¿nymi plikami formatu, zgodnie z~nazw± podan± w~wywo³aniu. + +W~systemach Unix cecha ta jest zaimplementowana poprzez tzw. dowi±zanie +symboliczne, co pozwala na zaoszczêdzenie wiele miejsca na dysku: ten sam +program uruchamiany jest z~wieloma formatami. + +Interfejs aplikacji systemów Windows (API) nie zna pojêcia dowi±zania. +Aby niepotrzebnie nie zajmowaæ miejsca na dysku, zastosowano tu pomys³ +umieszczenia g³ównej ,,maszyny'' \TeX{} w~pliku dynamicznie wi±zanej +biblioteki (DLL). Z~kolei programy uruchomieniowe (.exe) umieszczono +w~niewielkich plikach, przekazuj±cych przez nazwê parametr wywo³ania +(nazwê formatu). Na dysku znajdziemy zatem: +\begin{alltt} +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 latex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 pdfetex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 524 288 tl90pdfetex.dll +\end{alltt} +Ka¿dy z~tych \emph{identycznych} programów (\texttt{latex.exe}, +\texttt{mex.exe} itp.) korzysta ze wspólnego pliku \texttt{tl90pdfetex.dll}. +Podobne rozwi±zanie zastosowano dla grupy programów \texttt{mktex*.exe}, +z~których ka¿dy jest powi±zany z~bibliotek± \texttt{mktex.dll}. +W~dystrybucji dostêpny jest program \texttt{irun.exe}, który tworzy +w~systemach Win32 odpowiedniki dowi±zañ systemu Unix. + +\subsection{W razie problemów} +\label{troubleshooting} + +\subsubsection{Co zrobiæ gdy \texttt{latex} nie mo¿e znale¼æ potrzebnych +plików?} + +Nale¿y u¿yæ programu \cmdname{kpsewhich}, który jest narzêdziem +do diagnostyki wszelkich problemów zwi±zanych ze znajdowaniem plików +(patrz czê¶æ~\ref{sec:Debugging} na str.~\pageref{sec:Debugging}). + +\subsubsection{Co zrobiæ gdy instalacja nadal nie dzia³a prawid³owo?} + +Nale¿y odpowiedzieæ sobie na szereg pytañ: +\begin{enumerate} +\item czy program \file{tex.exe} jest w~¶cie¿ce wymienionej w~zmiennej + \envname{PATH}? +\item czy zmienna \envname{TEXMFCNF} jest prawid³owo ustawiona + (standardowo \path|c:/TeXLive2005/texmf-var/web2c|)? + %\item czy s± jakie¶ b³êdy w pliku \verb+.log+ utworzonym przez program + % \file{TeXSetup.exe}? W~pliku \verb+.log+ nale¿y wyszukaæ s³owo + % ,,\verb+Error+''. +\item diagnostyka b³êdów omówiona zosta³a w~czê¶ci~\ref{sec:Debugging}. +\item opis znanych problemów i~ewentualne rozwi±zania oraz poprawki mo¿na + znale¼æ pod adresem \url{http://www.tug.org/tex-live.html}. +\end{enumerate} + +Oprogramowanie zawarte na \TL{} jest bardzo z³o¿one i~sk³ada siê +z~ponad 250 programów i~oko³o 40000 plików ró¿nego pochodzenia. Nies³ychanie +trudno przewidzieæ wszystkie mo¿liwe przyczyny problemów, niemniej jednak +do³o¿ymy wszelkich starañ aby pomóc je rozwi±zaæ. + +%-------------------------- +% don't use \Webc so the \uppercase in the headline works. +\section{Instrukcja obs³ugi systemu Web2C} + +\Webc{} to zestaw programów zwi±zanych z~\TeX-em, tj. sam \TeX{}, \MF{}, +\MP, \BibTeX{} itd. Stanowi± one rdzeñ dystrybucji \TL. + +Oryginalna implementacja wykonana zosta³a przez Tomasa Rokickiego, który +w~roku 1987 stworzy³ pierwszy system \TeX{}-to-C, adaptuj±c pliki wymiany +(\emph{change files}) pod Unix-em (pierwotnie by³y one dzie³em Howarda +Trickey'a oraz Pavela Curtisa). W~czasie gdy Tim Morgan zajmowa³ siê +systemem, jego nazwa zosta³a zmieniona na Web-to-C\@. W~1990 roku prace nad +projektem przej±³ Karl Berry wraz z~dziesi±tkami wspó³pracowników, a~w~roku +1997 pa³eczkê przej±³ Olaf Weber. + +\Webc{} dzia³a na platformach systemowych, takich jak Unix (w~tym \MacOSX), +Windows 9x/\acro{NT/2K/XP} i~innych. +System wykorzystuje oryginalne ¼ród³a \TeX-owe autorstwa Donalda Knutha +oraz inne programy napisane w~\web{} i~t³umaczy je na kod ¼ród³owy~C. +Ponadto system udostêpnia spory zestaw makr i~funkcji stworzonych dla +zwiêkszenia funkcjonalno¶ci oryginalnych zasobów oprogramowania +zwi±zanego z~\TeX-em. Podstawowymi sk³adnikami systemu s±: + +\begin{cmddescription} +\item[bibtex] tworzenie spisów bibliograficznych; +\item[dmp] konwersja \cmdname{troff} do MPX (rysunki \MP{}-owe); +\item[dvicopy] modyfikowanie pliku \dvi; +\item[dvitomp] konwersja \dvi{} do MPX (rysunki \MP{}-owe); +\item[dvitype] konwersja \dvi{} na plik tekstowy (ASCII); +\item[gftodvi] zamiana fontu GF na plik \dvi; +\item[gftopk] zamiana fontu w~formacie GF na font spakowany (PK); +\item[gftype] zamiana fontu GF na plik tekstowy (ASCII); +\item[makempx] sk³ad etykiet \MP{}-owych; +\item[mf] generowanie fontów bitmapowych w formacie GF; +\item[mft] sk³ad plików ¼ród³owych \MF{}-a; +\item[mpost] tworzenie rysunków oraz diagramów technicznych; +\item[mpto] ekstrakcja etykiet \MP{}-owych; +\item[newer] porównywanie czasów modyfikacji; +\item[patgen] tworzenie wzorców przenoszenia wyrazów; +\item[pktogf] zamiana fontów w formacie PK na fonty GF; +\item[pktype] zamiana fontu PK na plik tekstowy (ASCII); +\item[pltotf] konwersja tekstowej listy w³a¶ciwo¶ci do TFM; +\item[pooltype] wy¶wietlanie \web-owych plików pool; +\item[tangle] konwersja \web{} do jêzyka Pascal; +\item[tex] sk³ad tekstu; +\item[tftopl] konwersja TFM do tekstowej listy w³a¶ciwo¶ci (PL); +\item[vftovp] konwersja fontów wirtualnych do wirtualnej listy + w³a¶ciwo¶ci (VPL); +\item[vptovf] konwersja wirtualnej listy w³a¶ciwo¶ci do fontów wirtualnych; +\item[weave] konwersja \web{} do \TeX-a. +\end{cmddescription} + +\noindent +Dok³adny opis funkcji oraz sk³adni tych programów zawarty jest +w~dokumentacji poszczególnych pakietów samego \Webc{}. +Jednak do optymalnego wykorzystania instalacji \Webc{} pomocna bêdzie +znajomo¶æ kilku zasad rz±dz±cych ca³± rodzin± programów. + +Wszystkie programy obs³uguj± standardowe opcje \acro{GNU}: +\begin{description} +\item[\texttt{-{}-help\ \ \ }] podaje podstawowe zasady u¿ytkowania; +\item[\texttt{-{}-verbose}] podaje dok³adny raport z~dzia³ania programu; +\item[\texttt{-{}-version}] podaje informacjê o~wersji, po czym koñczy + dzia³anie programu. +\end{description} + +W~celu lokalizacji plików programy \Webc{} u¿ywaj± biblioteki do +przeszukiwania ¶cie¿ek zwanej \KPS{}. +Dla optymalizacji przeszukiwania \TeX-owego drzewa podkatalogów biblioteka ta +u¿ywa kombinacji zmiennych ¶rodowiskowych oraz kilku plików konfiguracyjnych. +\Webc{} potrafi obs³ugiwaæ jednocze¶nie wiêcej ni¿ jedno drzewo +podkatalogów, co jest u¿yteczne w~przypadku, gdy chce siê przechowywaæ +standardow± dystrybucjê \TeX-a jak i~lokalne rozszerzenia w~dwóch ró¿nych +drzewach katalogów. +Aby przyspieszyæ poszukiwanie plików, katalog g³ówny ka¿dego drzewa ma swój +plik \file{ls-R}, zawieraj±cy pozycje okre¶laj±ce nazwê i~wzglêdn± ¶cie¿kê +dla wszystkich plików zawartych w~tym katalogu. + +\subsection{Przeszukiwanie ¶cie¿ek przez Kpathsea} + +Opiszemy najpierw ogólny mechanizm przeszukiwania ¶cie¿ek przez bibliotekê +\KPS{}. + +Tym, co nazywamy \emph{¶cie¿k± przeszukiwania}, jest rozdzielona dwukropkami +lub ¶rednikami lista \emph{elementów ¶cie¿ki}, które zasadniczo s± nazwami +podkatalogów. +¦cie¿ka przeszukiwania mo¿e pochodziæ z~(kombinacji) wielu ¼róde³. +Przyk³adowo, aby odnale¼æ plik \samp{my-file} w~¶cie¿ce \samp{.:/dir}, \KPS{} +sprawdza czy istnieje dany element ¶cie¿ki w~nastêpuj±cej kolejno¶ci: najpierw +\file{./my-file}, potem \file{/dir/my-file}, zwracaj±c pierwszy +odnaleziony (lub mo¿liwie wszystkie). + +Aby optymalnie zaadaptowaæ siê do konwencji wszystkich systemów operacyjnych, +na systemach nieunixowych \KPS{} mo¿e u¿ywaæ +jako separatorów nazw ¶cie¿ek znaków innych +ni¿ dwukropek (\samp{:}) oraz ,,ciach'' (\samp{/}). + +W~celu sprawdzenia konkretnego elementu \var{p} ¶cie¿ki, \KPS{} najpierw +sprawdza czy zbudowana wcze¶niej baza danych (patrz ,,Baza nazw plików'' na +stronie~\pageref{Filename-database}) odnosi sie do \var{p}, tj. +czy baza danych znajduje siê w~podkatalogu z~prefiksem~\var{p}. +Je¿eli tak, to specyfikacja ¶cie¿ki jest porównywana z~zawarto¶ci± bazy. + +Je¶li baza danych nie istnieje, lub nie odnosi siê do danego elementu +¶cie¿ki, albo te¿ nie zawiera elementów zgodnych, przeszukiwany jest system +plików (je¿eli nie zosta³o to zabronione przez specyfikacjê rozpoczynaj±c± +siê od~\samp{!!}\ oraz je¿eli poszukiwany plik musi istnieæ). +\KPS{} konstruuje listê podkatalogów, które koresponduj± z~danym elementem +¶cie¿ki, a~nastêpnie sprawdza w~ka¿dym z~nich czy nie ma tam poszukiwanego +pliku. + +Warunek mówi±cy, ¿e ,,plik musi istnieæ'' dotyczy np. plików \samp{.vf} +i~plików do³±czanych \TeX-owym poleceniem \cs{openin}. +Takiego pliku mo¿e nie byæ (np. \file{cmr10.vf}), b³êdne by³oby zatem +poszukiwanie go na dysku. +Je¶li wiêc zapomnisz o~aktualizacji \file{ls-R} po instalacji nowego +pliku \samp{.vf}, nie zostanie on odnaleziony. +Ka¿dy element ¶cie¿ki sprawdzany jest w~nastêpuj±cej kolejno¶ci: najpierw +w~bazie danych, potem na dysku. +Je¿eli plik siê znajdzie, przeszukiwanie zostanie zatrzymane i~zwrócony +zostanie wynik. + +Poniewa¿ najprostszym i~najbardziej powszechnym elementem ¶cie¿ki jest +nazwa katalogu, \KPS{} korzysta z~dodatkowych mo¿liwo¶ci w~przeszukiwaniu +¶cie¿ek: +wielowarstwowych warto¶ci domy¶lnych, zmiennych ¶rodowiskowych, warto¶ci +pliku konfiguracyjnego, lokalnych +podkatalogów u¿ytkownika oraz rekursywnego przeszukiwania podkatalogów. +Mo¿na wiêc powiedzieæ, ¿e \KPS{} \emph{rozwija} element ¶cie¿ki, tzn. +transformuje wszystkie specyfikacje do podstawowej nazwy lub nazw katalogów. +Jest to opisane w~kolejnych akapitach, w~kolejno¶ci w~jakiej ma to miejsce. + +Trzeba zauwa¿yæ, ¿e je¿eli nazwa poszukiwanego pliku jest +absolutna lub jawnie wzglêdna, tj. zaczyna siê od \samp{/} lub \samp{./} +lub \samp{../}, \KPS{} ogranicza siê do sprawdzenia czy ten plik istnieje. + +\ifSingleColumn +\else +\begin{figure*} +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{0pt} + \caption{Przyk³ad pliku konfiguracyjnego} + \label{fig:config-sample} +\end{figure*} +\fi + +\subsubsection{¬ród³a ¶cie¿ek} +\label{Path-sources} + +Nazwa przeszukiwanej ¶cie¿ki mo¿e pochodziæ z~wielu ¼róde³. +Oto kolejno¶æ, w~jakiej \KPS{} ich u¿ywa: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item + Zmienna ¶rodowiskowa ustawiana przez u¿ytkownika, np. + \envname{TEXINPUTS}. + Zmienne ¶rodowiskowe z~do³±czon± kropk± i~nazw± programu zastêpuj± inne, + np. je¿eli \samp{latex} jest nazw± uruchomionego programu, wtedy zamiast + \envname{TEXINPUTS} wykorzystana zostanie zmienna \envname{TEXINPUTS.latex}. +\item + Plik konfiguracyjny konkretnego programu, np. linia ,,\texttt{S /a:/b}'' + w~pliku \file{config.ps} programu \cmdname{dvips}. +\item Plik konfiguracyjny \KPS{} \file{texmf.cnf}, zawieraj±cy tak± liniê, + jak \samp{TEXINPUTS=/c:/d} (patrz poni¿ej). +\item Warto¶ci domy¶lne dla uruchamianych programów. +\end{enumerate} +\noindent Ka¿d± z~tych warto¶ci dla danej ¶cie¿ki przeszukiwania mo¿na +zobaczyæ, u¿ywaj±c opcji diagnostyki b³êdów (patrz ,,Diagnostyka b³êdów'' na +stronie~\pageref{sec:Debugging}). + +\subsubsection{Pliki konfiguracyjne} + +\tolerance=3500 +\KPS{} szuka ¶cie¿ek przeszukiwania i~innych definicji w~\emph{plikach +konfiguracyjnych} o~nazwach \file{texmf.cnf}. +¦cie¿ka przeszukiwania u¿ywana do znajdowania tych plików okre¶lana jest +zmienn± \envname{TEXMFCNF} (domy¶lnie taki plik znajduje siê w~podkatalogu +\file{texmf/web2c}). +Czytane bêd± \emph{wszystkie} pliki \file{texmf.cnf} w~¶cie¿ce +przeszukiwania, +a~definicje we wcze¶niejszych plikach zast±pi± te w~pó¼niejszych. +Tak wiêc w~¶cie¿ce \verb|.:$TEXMF|, warto¶ci pochodz±ce z~\file{./texmf.cnf} +zast±pi± te z~\verb|$TEXMF/texmf.cnf|. + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + +Dociekliwy czytelnik mo¿e byæ zainteresowany jak same programy znajduj± plik +\file{texmf.cnf}, skoro nie jest obowi±zkowe deklarowanie specyficznej +zmiennej ¶rodowiskowej systemu. Otó¿ po³o¿enie domy¶lne jest wkompilowane +w~programy jako wzglêdne do ich po³o¿enia (okre¶lanego, jak wiemy, w~¶cie¿ce +specyfikowanej przez \texttt{\$PATH}): \path{../../texmf/web2c/} b±d¼ +\path{../texmf/web2c/}. Je¶li jawnie deklarujemy zmienn± \envname{TEXMFCNF}, +wymagane jest podanie bezwzglêdnej ¶cie¿ki. + +Czytaj±c zamieszczony poni¿ej opis formatu pliku \file{texmf.cnf} +warto przegl±daæ jego zawarto¶æ. Po³o¿enie \emph{aktywnego} pliku +znajdziemy za pomoc± polecenia \texttt{kpsewhich texmf.cnf}. + +\begin{itemize} +\item + Komentarze zaczynaj± siê od ,,\texttt{\%}'', a~koñcz± na koñcu wiersza. +\item + Puste wiersze nie s± brane pod uwagê. +\item + Znak \bs{} na koñcu wiersza dzia³a jako znak kontynuacji, tzn. + oznacza, ¿e kolejny wiersz jest kontynuacj± bie¿±cego. + Spacja na pocz±tku kolejnego wiersza nie jest ignorowana. +\item + Pozosta³e wiersze maj± postaæ: +\begin{alltt} + \emph{zmienna}[.\emph{program}] [=] \emph{warto¶æ} +\end{alltt}% + gdzie \samp{=} i~otaczaj±ce spacje s± opcjonalne. +\item + ,,\texttt{\var{zmienna}}'' zawieraæ mo¿e dowolne znaki poza spacj±, + \samp{=}, lub \samp{.} (kropk±), najbezpieczniej jest jednak u¿ywaæ znaków + z~zakresu \samp{A-Za-z\_}. +\item + Napis ,,\texttt{.\var{program}}'' ma zastosowanie w~wypadku, gdy + uruchamiany program nosi nazwê \texttt{\var{program}} lub + \texttt{\var{program}.exe}. Pozwala to ró¿nym odmianom \TeX-a posiadaæ + ró¿ne ¶cie¿ki przeszukiwania. +\item ,,\texttt{\var{warto¶æ}}'' zawieraæ mo¿e dowolne znaki poza + ,,\texttt{\%}'' i \samp{@}. + Nie mo¿na u¿ywaæ konstrukcji ,,\texttt{\$\var{zmienna}.\var{program}}'' + po prawej stronie. Zamiast tego trzeba zastosowaæ zmienn± pomocnicz±. + ¦rednik \samp{;}\ u¿yty w~,,\texttt{\var{warto¶æ}}'' zamieniany jest na + \samp{:}\ je¿eli systemem operacyjnym jest Unix; umo¿liwia to posiadanie + wspólnego pliku \file{texmf.cnf} dla systemów Unix oraz Windows. +\item + Wszystkie definicje czytane s± zanim cokolwiek zostanie rozwiniête, tak + wiêc do zmiennych odwo³ywaæ siê mo¿na przed ich zdefiniowaniem. +\end{itemize} +Fragment pliku konfiguracyjnego ilustruj±cy wiêkszo¶æ powy¿szych cech +\ifSingleColumn +: +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\else +jest pokazany na rys.~\ref{fig:config-sample}. +\fi + +\subsubsection{Rozwijanie ¶cie¿ek} +\label{Path-expansion} + +\KPS{} rozpoznaje w~¶cie¿kach przeszukiwania pewne specjalne znaki oraz +konstrukcje, podobne do tych dostêpnych w~pow³okach Unix. +Jako ogólny przyk³ad: z³o¿ona ¶cie¿ka +\verb+~$USER/{foo,bar}//baz+ rozwija siê do wszystkich podkatalogów pod +katalogami \file{foo} i~\file{bar} w~katalogu g³ównym \texttt{\$USER}, +które zawieraj± katalog lub plik \file{baz}. +Rozwiniêcia te opisane s± w~poni¿szych podrozdzia³ach. + +\subsubsection{Rozwijanie domy¶lne} +\label{Default-expansion} + +\tolerance=2500 +Je¿eli ¶cie¿ka przeszukiwania najwiêkszego uprzywilejowania (patrz ,,¬ród³a +¶cie¿ek'' na stronie~\pageref{Path-sources}) zawiera +\emph{dodatkowy dwukropek} (np. na pocz±tku, na koñcu lub podwójny) to \KPS{} +wstawia w~tym miejscu nastêpn± zdefiniowan± w~hierarchii uprzywilejowania +¶cie¿kê przeszukiwania. +Je¿eli ta wstawiona ¶cie¿ka ma dodatkowy dwukropek, dzieje siê dalej to samo. +Przyk³adowo, je¿eli ustawiæ zmienn± ¶rodowiskow± +\tolerance=1500 + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{setenv TEXINPUTS /home/karl:} +\end{alltt} +oraz warto¶æ \code{TEXINPUTS} pobran± z~\file{texmf.cnf} + +\begin{alltt} + .:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} +koñcow± warto¶ci± u¿yt± w~przeszukiwaniu bêdzie: + +\begin{alltt} + /home/karl:.:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} + +Poniewa¿ nieu¿ytecznym by³oby wstawiaæ warto¶æ domy¶ln± w~wiêcej ni¿ jedno +miejsce, \KPS{} zmienia tylko jeden dodatkowy \samp{:}\ i~pozostawia +inne bez zmian. \KPS{} najpierw szuka dwukropków na pocz±tku linii, potem na koñcu, +a~nastêpnie podwójnych. + +\subsubsection{Rozwijanie nawiasów} + +U¿yteczn± cech± jest mo¿liwo¶æ rozwijania nawiasów, co oznacza, ¿e np. +\verb+v{a,b}w+ rozwija siê do \verb+vaw:vbw+. +Mo¿liwe jest zagnie¿d¿anie nawiasów. +Funkcja ta mo¿e byæ u¿yta do zaimplementowania ró¿nych hierarchii \TeX-owych +przez przypisanie listy nawiasów do \code{\$TEXMF}. Przyk³adowo, +w~pliku \file{texmf.cnf} znale¼æ mo¿na nastêpuj±c± definicjê: +\begin{verbatim} + TEXMF = {$TEXMFHOME,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFVAR,!!$TEXMFMAIN} +\end{verbatim} +U¿ywaj±c jej mo¿na nastêpnie napisaæ co¶ w~rodzaju: +\begin{verbatim} + TEXINPUTS = .;$TEXMF/tex// +\end{verbatim} +co oznacza, ¿e po szukaniu w~katalogu bie¿±cym przeszukane bêd± kolejno +\code{\$TEXMFHOME/tex}, \code{\$TEXMFLOCAL/tex}, \code{\$TEXMFVAR/tex} +i~\code{\$TEXMFMAIN/tex} (wszystkie wraz z~katalogami ni¿szego poziomu; +dwie ostatnie ¶cie¿ki \emph{wy³±cznie} na podstawie zawarto¶ci +pliku \file{ls-R}). +Jest to wygodny sposób dla uruchamiania dwóch równoleg³ych struktur \TeX-owych, +jednej ,,zamro¿onej'' (np. na \CD), a~drugiej ci±gle uaktualnianej nowymi, +pojawiaj±cymi siê wersjami. +U¿ywaj±c zmiennej \code{\$TEXMF} we wszystkich definicjach jest siê pewnym, +¿e najpierw przeszukiwane jest drzewo uaktualnione. + +\subsubsection{Rozwijanie podkatalogów} +\label{Subdirectory-expansion} + +Dwa lub wiêcej kolejnych ,,ciachów'' (,,/'') w~elemencie ¶cie¿ki, +wystêpuj±cych po nazwie katalogu~\var{d}, zastêpowany jest przez wszystkie +podkatalogi~\var{d}, najpierw podkatalogi znajduj±ce siê bezpo¶rednio +pod~\var{d}, potem te pod powy¿szymi i~tak dalej. Na ka¿dym etapie +kolejno¶æ, w~jakiej przeszukiwane s± katalogi, jest \emph{nieokre¶lona}. + +Je¶li wyszczególni siê cz³ony nazwy pliku po \samp{//}, uwzglêdnione zostan± +tylko te podkatalogi, które zawieraj± powy¿sze cz³ony. +Na przyk³ad \samp{/a//b} rozwija siê do katalogów \file{/a/1/b}, +\file{/a/2/b}, \file{/a/1/1/b} itd., ale nie do \file{/a/b/c} czy \file{/a/1}. + +Mo¿liwe jest wielokrotne u¿ycie \samp{//} w~¶cie¿ce, jednak¿e \samp{//} +wystêpuj±ce na pocz±tku ¶cie¿ki nie jest brane pod uwagê. + +\subsubsection{Lista znaków specjalnych i~ich znaczeñ -- podsumowanie} + +Poni¿sza lista podsumowuje znaczenie znaków specjalnych w~plikach +konfiguracyjnych. + +\newcommand{\CODE}[1]{\makebox[2.2em][l]{\code{#1}}} +\begin{description} +\item[\CODE{:}] znak rozdzielaj±cy w~specyfikacji ¶cie¿ki; umieszczony na +pocz±tku lub na koñcu ¶cie¿ki zastêpuje domy¶lne rozwiniêcie ¶cie¿ki; +\item[\CODE{;}] znak rozdzielaj±cy dla systemów nieUnix-owych + (dzia³a tak jak ,,\code{:}''); +\item[\CODE{\$}] rozwijanie zmiennej; +\item[\CODE{\string~}] oznacza katalog g³ówny u¿ytkownika; +\item[\CODE{\char`\{\dots\char`\}}] rozwijanie nawiasów, np. + \verb+a{1,2}b+ zmieni siê w~\verb+a1b:a2b+; +\item[\CODE{//}] rozwijanie podkatalogów (mo¿e wyst±piæ gdziekolwiek + w~¶cie¿ce, poza jej pocz±tkiem); +\item[\CODE{\%}] pocz±tek komentarza, trwaj±cego do koñca linii; +\item[\CODE{\bs}] znak kontynuacji (pozwala na prze³amanie wiersza + z~wyra¿eniem); +\item[\CODE{!!}] przeszukiwanie \emph{tylko} bazy danych, + a~\emph{nie} dysku. +\end{description} + + +\subsection{Bazy nazw plików} +\label{Filename-database} + +Dla celów przeszukiwania \KPS{} stara siê zminimalizowaæ dostêp do dysku. +Niemniej jednak, w~przypadku instalacji ze zbyt du¿± liczb± katalogów, +przegl±danie ka¿dego mo¿liwego katalogu w~poszukiwaniu danego pliku mo¿e +zabieraæ sporo czasu (ma to miejsce zw³aszcza, je¿eli przeszukaæ trzeba setki +katalogów z~fontami). +Dlatego te¿ \KPS{} mo¿e u¿ywaæ zewnêtrznego pliku z~,,baz± danych'' +o~nazwie \file{ls-R}, który to zawiera przypisania plików do katalogów. +Unika siê w~ten sposób potrzeby czasoch³onnego przeszukiwania dysku. + +Drugi plik z~baz± danych -- \file{aliases} -- pozwala na nadawanie +dodatkowych nazw plikom zawartym w~\file{ls-R}. +Mo¿e to byæ pomocne do adaptacji do DOS-owej konwencji ,,8.3'' nazewnictwa +plików w~plikach ¼ród³owych. + +\subsubsection{Baza nazw plików} +\label{ls-R} + +Jak to wyt³umaczono powy¿ej, plik zawieraj±cy g³ówn± bazê nazw +plików musi nosiæ nazwê \file{ls-R}. +W~katalogu podstawowym ka¿dej hierarchii \TeX-owej (domy¶lnie \code{\$TEXMF}), +któr± chcemy w³±czyæ w~mechanizm przeszukiwania, umieszczaæ mo¿na po jednym +pliku \file{ls-R}; w~wiêkszo¶ci przypadków istnieje tylko jedna hierarchia. +\KPS{} szuka pliku \file{ls-R} w~¶cie¿ce \code{TEXMFDBS}. + +Najlepszym sposobem stworzenia i~utrzymywania pliku \file{ls-R} jest +uruchomienie skryptu \code{mktexlsr}, bêd±cego sk³adnikiem dystrybucji. +Jest on wywo³ywany przez ró¿ne skrypty typu \samp{mktex...}. +W~zasadzie skrypt ten jedynie wykonuje polecenie +\begin{alltt} +cd \var{/your/texmf/root} && ls -LAR ./ >ls-R +\end{alltt} +zak³adaj±c, ¿e polecenie \code{ls} danego systemu utworzy w³a¶ciwy format +strumienia wyj¶ciowego (\acro{GNU} \code{ls} dzia³a prawid³owo). +Aby mieæ pewno¶æ, ¿e baza danych jest zawsze aktualna, wygodnie jest + przebudowywaæ j± regularnie za pomoc± demona \code{cron}. + %tak ¿e wraz ze zmianami + %w~instalowanych plikach -- np. po instalacji lub uaktualnianiu pakietu + %\LaTeX{} -- plik \file{ls-R} jest uaktualniany automatycznie. + +Je¶li pliku nie ma w~bazie danych, \KPS{} domy¶lnie przechodzi do +przeszukiwania dysku. Je¿eli jednak dany element ¶cie¿ki zaczyna sie od +\samp{!!}, w~poszukiwaniu tego elementu sprawdzona zostanie \emph{jedynie} +baza danych, a~nigdy dysk. + +\subsubsection{kpsewhich -- program do przeszukiwania ¶cie¿ek} +\label{Invoking-kpsewhich} + +Przeszukiwanie ¶cie¿ek przez program \texttt{kpsewhich} jest niezale¿ne od +jakiejkolwiek aplikacji. +Mo¿e on byæ przydatny jako rodzaj programu \code{find}, za pomoc± którego +lokalizowaæ mo¿na pliki w~hierarchiach \TeX-owych (jest on u¿ywany +intensywnie w~skryptach \samp{mktex...} tej dystrybucji). + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich \var{opcje}\dots{} \var{nazwa-pliku}\dots{}} +\end{alltt} +Parametry wyszczególnione w~,,\texttt{\var{opcje}}'' mog± zaczynaæ siê zarówno od +\samp{-} jak i~od \samp{-{}-}, i~dozwolony jest ka¿dy jednoznaczny skrót. + +\KPS{} traktuje ka¿dy argument nie bêd±cy parametrem jako nazwê pliku +i~zwraca pierwsz± odnalezion± nazwê. +Nie ma parametru nakazuj±cego zwracanie wszystkich nazw plików o~okre¶lonej +nazwie (w~tym celu mo¿na wykorzystaæ Unix-owy program \samp{find}). + +Wa¿niejsze parametry opisane s± poni¿ej. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{-{}-dpi=\var{num}}]\mbox{}\\* + Ustaw rozdzielczo¶æ na ,,\texttt{\var{num}}''; ma to tylko wp³yw na + przeszukiwanie fontów \samp{gf} i~\samp{pk}. Dla zgodno¶ci + z~\cmdname{dvips} parametr + \samp{-D} dzia³a identycznie. Domy¶ln± warto¶ci± jest 600. +\item[\texttt{-{}-format=\var{nazwa}}]\mbox{}\\ + Ustawienie formatu (typu pliku) przeszukiwania na ,,\texttt{\var{nazwa}}''. + Domy¶lnie format odgadywany jest z~nazwy pliku. + Dla formatów, które nie maj± przydzielonego jednoznacznego rozszerzenia, + takich jak niektóre pliki \MP{}-owe czy pliki konfiguracyjne + \cmdname{dvips}-a, nale¿y wyszczególniæ nazwê, których listê wy¶wietli + uruchomienie \texttt{kpsewhich -{}-help}. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-mode=\var{napis}}]\mbox{}\\* + Ustaw nazwê trybu na ,,\texttt{\var{napis}}''; dotyczy to jedynie szukania + fontów \samp{gf} oraz \samp{pk}. + Brak jest warto¶ci domy¶lnej -- odnaleziony zostanie dowolny + wyszczególniony tryb. +\item[\texttt{-{}-must-exist}]\mbox{}\\ + Zrób wszystko co mo¿liwe aby odnale¼æ pliki, w³±czaj±c w~to przede wszystkim + przeszukanie dysku. + Domy¶lnie, w~celu zwiêkszeniu efektywno¶ci dzia³ania, sprawdzana jest + tylko baza \file{ls-R}. +\item[\texttt{-{}-path=\var{napis}}]\mbox{}\\ + Szukaj w~¶cie¿ce ,,\texttt{\var{napis}}'' (rozdzielonej, jak + zwykle, dwukropkami), zamiast zgadywaæ ¶cie¿kê przeszukiwania z~nazwy + pliku. + \samp{//} i~wszystkie zwyk³e rozszerzenia s± mo¿liwe. + Parametry \samp{-{}-path} oraz \samp{-{}-format} wzajemnie siê wykluczaj±. +\item[\texttt{-{}-progname=\var{nazwa}}]\mbox{}\\ + Ustaw nazwê programu na ,,\texttt{\var{nazwa}}''. + Mo¿e to mieæ wp³yw na ¶cie¿kê przeszukiwania poprzez + ,,\texttt{.\var{program}}'' w~plikach konfiguracyjnych. + Ustawieniem domy¶lnym jest \samp{kpsewhich}. +\item[\texttt{-{}-show-path=\var{nazwa}}]\mbox{}\\ + Pokazuje ¶cie¿kê u¿ywan± do poszukiwania plików typu + ,,\texttt{\var{nazwa}}''. + U¿yte mo¿e byæ zarówno rozszerzenie (\samp{.pk}, \samp{.vf}, etc.), jak + i~nazwa pliku, tak jak w~przypadku parametru \samp{-{}-format}. +\item[\texttt{-{}-debug=\var{num}}]\mbox{}\\ + ustawia parametry wykrywania b³êdów na ,,\texttt{\var{num}}''. +\end{ttdescription} + +%Zmienne ¶rodowiskowe domy¶lnie ustawiane s± w~pliku konfiguracyjnym +%\file{texmf.cnf}. W~wypadku gdy chce siê uniewa¿niæ warto¶ci zmiennych +%wyszczególnione w~tym pliku, mo¿na narzuciæ ich ustawienie w~¶rodowisku, +%w~którym uruchamiane s± programy. + +\subsubsection{Przyk³ady u¿ycia} +\label{SExamplesofuse} + +Przyjrzyjmy sie teraz jak dzia³a \KPS{}. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich article.cls} +/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls +\end{alltt} +Szukamy pliku \file{article.cls}. +Poniewa¿ rozszerzenie \samp{.cls} jest jednoznaczne, nie musimy zaznaczaæ, ¿e +poszukujemy pliku typu ,,tex'' (katalogi plików ¼ród³owych \TeX-a). +Znajdujemy go w~podkatalogu \file{tex/latex/base} pod katalogiem nadrzêdnym +\samp{texmf-dist}. +Podobnie wszystkie poni¿sze pliki odnajdywane s± bez\-pro\-ble\-mo\-wo +dziêki swoim jednoznacznym rozszerzeniom: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich array.sty} +/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/array.sty +> \Ucom{kpsewhich latin1.def} +/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/latin1.def +> \Ucom{kpsewhich size10.clo} +/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo +> \Ucom{kpsewhich small2e.tex} +/usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/small2e.tex +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tugboat.bib} +/usr/local/texmf-dist/bibtex/bib/beebe/tugboat.bib +\end{alltt} + +\noindent (ostatni plik to \BibTeX-owa baza bibliograficzna dla artyku³ów +\textsl{TUGBoat}). + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich cmr10.pk} +\end{alltt} +Pliki czcionek bitmapowych typu \file{.pk} u¿ywane s± przez sterowniki, +takie jak \cmdname{dvips} % ??? dvips to chyba nie przegl±darka --- +czy \cmdname{xdvi}. % w oryg. by³o display programs like dvips... +W~tym wypadku nie zostan± zwrócone ¿adne rezultaty przeszukiwania, poniewa¿ +w~systemie brak gotowych wygenerowanych czcionek \samp{.pk} Computer Modern +(wynika to z~faktu u¿ywania w~\TL{} fontów PostScript-owych Type1). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich wsuipa10.pk} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\else /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/ +... wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\fi\end{alltt} +Dla tych fontów (alfabetu fonetycznego) musieli¶my wygenerowaæ pliki +\samp{.pk}, a~poniewa¿ domy¶lnym \MF{}-owym trybem naszej instalacji jest +\texttt{ljfour} z~podstawow± rozdzielczo¶ci± 600dpi, zwracany jest taki +w³a¶nie rezultat. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich -dpi=300 wsuipa10.pk} +\end{alltt} +W~tym wypadku, kiedy zaznaczamy, ¿e interesuje nas rozdzielczo¶æ +300dpi (\texttt{-dpi=300}), widzimy, ¿e taka czcionka nie jest dostêpna +w~naszej instalacji. +Program taki jak \cmdname{dvips} czy \cmdname{xdvi} zatrzyma³by siê, aby +utworzyæ pliki \texttt{.pk} w~wymaganej rozdzielczo¶ci (u¿ywaj±c skryptu +\cmdname{mktexpk}). + +Zwrócimy teraz nasz± uwagê na pliki nag³ówkowe i~konfiguracyjne +programu \cmdname{dvips}. +Najpierw szukamy pliku PostScript-owego prologu \file{tex.pro}, +wykorzystywanego dla potrzeb \TeX-a. Drugi przyk³ad pokazuje +poszukiwanie pliku konfiguracyjnego \file{config.ps}, za¶ trzeci -- +szukanie pliku mapy czcionek PostScriptowych \file{psfonts.map} +(pocz±wszy od obecnej edycji, pliki \file{.map} i~\file{.enc} +maj± w³asne regu³y przeszukiwania ¶cie¿ek i~zmienione po³o¿enie w~ramach +drzew \dirname{texmf}). +Poniewa¿ rozszerzenie \samp{.ps} nie jest jednoznaczne, musimy zaznaczyæ +wyra¼nie jaki typ jest wymagany dla pliku +\texttt{config.ps} (,,\texttt{dvips config}''). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tex.pro} +/usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/tex.pro +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.ps} +/usr/local/texmf-var/dvips/config/config.ps +> \Ucom{kpsewhich psfonts.map} +/usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map +\end{alltt} + +Nastêpnie przyjrzymy siê bli¿ej plikom pomocniczym fontów Quasi Times +(zawieraj± one m.in. poprawne polskie znaki diakrytyczne). +Pierwszy plik którego szukamy, to plik konfiguracyjny, zawieraj±cy nazwê +pliku z~przemapowaniem fontów: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.qtm} +/usr/local/texmf-dist/dvips/qfonts/config.qtm +\end{alltt} +W~pliku tym znajduje siê wiersz: +\begin{alltt} + p +qtm.map +\end{alltt} +wskazuj±cy na plik \file{qtm.map}, który chcemy zlokalizowaæ w~nastêpnej +kolejno¶ci: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format=map qtm.map} +/usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/qfonts/qtm.map +\end{alltt} +Plik z~przemapowaniem definiuje nazwy czcionek PostScriptowych Type~1 +w~zestawie fontów Quasi Times, za¶ jego zawarto¶æ wygl±da nastêpuj±co +(pokazane s± tylko fragmenty wierszy): +\begin{alltt} + qtmr QuasiTimes-Regular ... <qtmr.pfb + qtmri QuasiTimes-Italic ... <qtmri.pfb + qtmb QuasiTimes-Bold ... <qtmb.pfb + qtmbi QuasiTimes-BoldItalic ... <qtmbi.pfb +\end{alltt} +U¿ywaj±c przeszukiwania plików z~fontami Type1, znajd¼my font +QuasiTimes-Regular \file{qtmr.pfb} w~drzewie katalogów \file{texmf}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich qtmr.pfb} +\ifSingleColumn +/usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/qfonts/qtmr.pfb +\else +/usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/ +... qfonts/qtmr.pfb +\fi\end{alltt} + +Powy¿sze przyk³ady pokazuj±, jak ³atwo mo¿na znajdowaæ lokalizacjê danego +pliku. Wa¿ne jest to zw³aszcza wówczas, gdy istnieje podejrzenie, ¿e gdzie¶ +zawieruszy³a siê z³a wersja jakiego¶ pliku; \cmdname{kpsewhich} poka¿e tylko +pierwszy napotkany plik. + +\subsubsection{Diagnostyka b³êdów} +\label{sec:Debugging} + +Czasami niezbêdne s± informacje o~tym, jak program radzi sobie +z~odniesieniami do plików. Aby da³o siê to wykonywaæ w~wygodny sposób, +\KPS{} oferuje ró¿ne poziomy diagnostyki b³êdów: +\begin{itemize} +\item[\texttt{\ 1}] wywo³ania \texttt{stat} (testy pliku). Podczas + uruchamiania z~uaktualnion± baz± danych \file{ls-R} nie powinno to + przewa¿nie dawaæ ¿adnego wyniku. +\item[\texttt{\ 2}] Zapis odwo³añ do tablic asocjacyjnych (\emph{hash + tables}), takich jak baza \file{ls-R}, pliki przemapowañ, pliki konfiguracyjne. +\item[\texttt{\ 4}] Operacje otwarcia i~zamkniêcia pliku. +\item[\texttt{\ 8}] Ogólne informacje o~¶cie¿kach dla typów + plików szukanych przez \KPS; u¿yteczne dla znalezienia ¶cie¿ki + zdefiniowanej dla danego pliku. +\item[\texttt{16}] Lista katalogów dla ka¿dego z~elementów ¶cie¿ki + (odnosi siê tylko do poszukiwañ na dysku). +\item[\texttt{32}] Poszukiwania plików. +\end{itemize} +Warto¶æ \texttt{-1} ustawia wszystkie powy¿sze opcje: w~praktyce, +potrzebuj±c wykryæ przyczyny b³êdów, prawdopodobnie zawsze u¿ywaæ +bêdziesz tych poziomów. + +Podobnie, w~przypadku programu \cmdname{dvips}, ustawiaj±c kombinacjê +prze³±czników wykrywania b³êdów, mo¿na dok³adnie ¶ledziæ sk±d pochodz± pliki. +W~wypadku gdy plik nie zostanie odnaleziony, widaæ, w~których katalogach +program szuka³ danego pliku, dziêki czemu mo¿na siê zorientowaæ w~czym +problem. + +Ogólnie mówi±c, poniewa¿ programy odwo³uj± siê wewnêtrznie do +biblioteki \KPS{}, opcje wykrywania b³êdów wybraæ mo¿na przy u¿yciu +zmiennej ¶rodowiskowej \envname{KPATHSEA\_DEBUG}, ustawiaj±c j± +na opisan± powy¿ej warto¶æ (kombinacjê warto¶ci). + +\noindent +\textbf{Uwaga dla u¿ytkowników Windows:} w~systemie tym nie³atwo jest +przekierowaæ komunikaty programu do pliku. Do celów diagnostycznych +mo¿na w~tym celu ustawiæ chwilowo zmienne (w~oknie DOS/CMD): +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=err.log +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG=-1 +\end{verbatim} + +Rozwa¿my na przyk³ad ma³y \LaTeX-owy plik ¼ród³owy \file{hello-world.tex}, +który zawiera co nastêpuje: +\begin{verbatim} + \documentclass{article} + \begin{document} + Hello World! + \end{document} +\end{verbatim} +Ten ma³y plik u¿ywa jedynie fontu \file{cmr10}. Przyjrzyjmy siê jak +\cmdname{dvips} przygotowuje plik PostScript-owy (chcemy u¿yæ wersji Type1 +fontu Computer Modern, st±d opcja \texttt{-Pcms}). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips -d4100 hello-world -Pcms -o} +\end{alltt} +Mamy tu do czynienia jednocze¶nie z~czwart± klas± wykrywania b³êdów +programu \cmdname{dvips} (¶cie¿ki fontowe) oraz z~rozwijaniem elementu +¶cie¿ki przez \KPS{} (patrz: \emph{Dvips Reference Manual}, \OnCD{texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.html}). + %Komunikaty z~uruchomienia programu (lekko zmodyfikowane) znajduj± siê + %na~rys.~\ref{fig:dvipsdbga}. + %\begin{figure*}[tp] + %\centering + %\input{examples/ex6a.tex} + %\caption{Szukanie pliku konfiguracyjnego}\label{fig:dvipsdbga} + % + %\bigskip + % + %\input{examples/ex6b.tex} + %\caption{Szukanie pliku prologu}\label{fig:dvipsdbgb} + % + %\bigskip + % + %\input{examples/ex6c.tex} + %\caption{Szukanie pliku fontu}\label{fig:dvipsdbgc} + %\end{figure*} + Program \cmdname{dvips} zaczyna pracê od zlokalizowania potrzebnych mu plików. +Najpierw znajduje plik \file{texmf.cnf}, który zawiera ¶cie¿ki +przeszukiwania dla innych plików. Potem znajduje bazê danych \file{ls-R} +(dla optymalizacji szukania plików), nastêpnie plik \file{aliases}, +który umo¿liwia deklarowanie ró¿nych nazw (np. krótkie \acro{DOS}-owe ,,8.3'' +i~bardziej naturalne d³u¿sze wersje) dla tych samych plików. +Nastêpnie \cmdname{dvips} znajduje podstawowy plik konfiguracyjny +\file{config.ps}, zanim poszuka pliku z~ustawieniami u¿ytkownika +\file{.dvipsrc} (który w~tym wypadku \emph{nie} zostaje odnaleziony). +W~koñcu \cmdname{dvips} lokalizuje plik konfiguracyjny \file{config.cms} +dla fontów PostScript-owych Computer Modern (jest to inicjowane przez +dodanie parametru \texttt{-Pcms} przy uruchamianiu programu). +Plik ten zawiera listê plików z~,,mapami'', które definiuj± relacje +pomiêdzy \TeX-owymi, PostScript-owymi i~systemowymi nazwami fontów. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{more /usr/local/texmf/dvips/config/config.cms} +p +bsr.map +p +bakomaextra.map +\end{alltt} +W~ten sposób \cmdname{dvips} wyszukuje wszystkie te pliki oraz g³ówny plik +z~przemapowaniem +\file{psfonts.map}, który ³adowany jest domy¶lnie (zawiera on deklaracje +czêsto u¿ywanych fontów PostScript-owych; wiêcej szczegó³ów odno¶nie +PostScript-owych plików przemapowañ fontów mo¿na znale¼æ w~ostatniej czê¶ci +rozdzia³u \ref{SExamplesofuse}). + +W~tym miejscu \cmdname{dvips} zg³asza siê u¿ytkownikowi: +\begin{alltt}\ifSingleColumn +This is dvips 5.86 Copyright 1999 Radical Eye Software (www.radicaleye.com) +\else\small{}This is dvips 5.86 Copyright 1999 Radical Eye... +\fi\end{alltt}% decided to accept slight overrun in tub case +\ifSingleColumn +\ldots potem szuka pliku prologu \file{texc.pro}: +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(texc.pro) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro +\end{alltt} +\else +potem szuka pliku prologu \file{texc.pro}. + %(patrz rys.~\ref{fig:dvipsdbgb}). + +\fi +Po znalezieniu szukanego pliku, \cmdname{dvips} podaje datê i~czas +oraz informuje o~generowaniu pliku \file{hello-world.ps}. +Poniewa¿ potrzebuje pliku z~fontem \file{cmr10}, a~jest on +zadeklarowany jako dostêpny, wy¶wietla komunikat: +\begin{alltt}\small +TeX output 1998.02.26:1204' -> hello-world.ps +Defining font () cmr10 at 10.0pt +Font cmr10 <CMR10> is resident. +\end{alltt} +Teraz trwa poszukiwanie pliku \file{cmr10.tfm}, który zostaje znaleziony, +a~nastêpnie \cmdname{dvips} powo³uje siê na kilka innych plików startowych +(nie pokazanych). W~koñcu przyk³adowy font Type1 \file{cmr10.pfb} +zostaje zlokalizowany +i~do³±czony do pliku wynikowego (patrz ostatnia linia): +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm, must\_exist=1, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//: + /var/tex/fonts/tfm//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm +kdebug:start search(file=texps.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + ... +<texps.pro> +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.pfb, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb +<cmr10.pfb>[1] +\end{alltt} + +\subsection{Parametry kontroluj±ce dzia³anie programów} +Inn± u¿yteczn± cech± \Webc{} jest mo¿liwo¶æ ustalania wielu parametrów +okre¶laj±cych wielko¶æ pamiêci za pomoc± pliku \texttt{texmf.cnf}. + %Za³±cznik~\ref{app:texmf.cnf} zaczynaj±cy siê na + %stronie~\pageref{app:texmf.cnf} zawiera listing pliku \texttt{texmf.cnf}. + Ustawienia wszystkich parametrów znajduj± siê w~czê¶ci trzeciej pliku. +Najwa¿niejszymi zmiennymi s±: +\begin{description} +\item[\code{main\_memory}] Ca³kowita wielko¶æ pamiêci dostêpnej dla + \TeX-a, \MF{}-a i~\MP{}-a. Dla ka¿dego nowego ustawienia tej zmiennej + nale¿y wykonaæ nowy format. + %Przyk³adowo, mo¿esz wygenerowaæ ,,ogromn±'' wersjê formatu \TeX{} i~nazwaæ + %taki plik \texttt{hugetex.fmt}. + %Dziêki standardowemu sposobowi nazywania programów przez + %\KPS{}, okre¶lona warto¶æ zmiennej \verb|main_memory| bêdzie + %przeczytana z~pliku \texttt{texmf.cnf} (por. warto¶æ standardow± + %oraz warto¶æ ,,ogromn±'', wykorzystywan± przez program \texttt{hugetex}, + %itd.). + % +\item[\code{extra\_mem\_bot}] Dodatkowa wielko¶æ pamiêci przeznaczonej + na ,,du¿e'' struktury danych \TeX-a, takie jak: pude³ka, kleje itd.; + przydatna zw³aszcza w~przypadku korzystania z~pakietu \PiCTeX{}. + % +\item[\code{font\_mem\_size}] Wielko¶æ pamiêci przeznaczonej przez + \TeX-a na informacje o~fontach. Jest to mniej wiêcej ogólna + wielko¶æ wczytywanych przez \TeX-a plików TFM. + % +\item[\code{hash\_extra}] Dodatkowa wielko¶æ pamiêci przeznaczonej + na tablicê zawieraj±c± nazwy instrukcji. Tablica g³ówna + mo¿e zmie¶ciæ w~przybli¿eniu 10000 nazw; wielko¶æ ta mo¿e okazaæ + siê zbyt ma³a, np. w~wypadku obszernej ksi±¿ki zawieraj±cej liczne + odsy³acze. Domy¶lna warto¶æ \texttt{hash\_extra} to \texttt{50000}. +\end{description} + % +Oczywi¶cie powy¿sza mo¿liwo¶æ nie zast±pi prawdziwej, dynamicznej +alokacji pamiêci. Jest to jednak niezwykle trudne +do zaimplementowania w~obecnej wersji \TeX-a i~dlatego +powy¿sze parametry stanowi± praktyczny kompromis, pozwalaj±c +na pewn± elastyczno¶æ. + +%%==== +\section{Budowa systemu na nowej platformie Uniksowej}\label{sec:build} +Je¿eli mamy do czynienia z~platform±, dla której nie s± dostarczone binaria, +trzeba bêdzie skompilowaæ \TeX-a oraz towarzysz±ce mu programy. +Nie jest to takie trudne jak siê wydaje. +Wszystko czego potrzebujemy znajduje siê na \CD{} w~katalogu +\texttt{source}. + +Najpierw nale¿y zainstalowaæ g³ówne drzewo plików \TeX-owych z~\CD{} +\TL{} (najlepiej jest wykonaæ instalacjê podstawow±, bez wybierania +binariów systemowych). + +\subsection{Warunki wstêpne} +Do skompilowania ca³ego \TeX-a i~jego programów pomocniczych potrzeba +oko³o 100 megabajtów wolnego miejsca na dysku. +Potrzebny jest tak¿e kompilator \acro{ANSI}~C, oprogramowanie \cmdname{make}, +skaner leksykalny oraz generator parserów. +Programy u¿ytkowe \acro{GNU} (\cmdname{gcc}, \acro{GNU} +\cmdname{make}, \cmdname{m4}, \cmdname{flex}, \cmdname{bison}) +s± najlepiej przetestowanymi na ró¿nych platformach. +Prawid³owo powinny pracowaæ \cmdname{gcc}-2.7.*, \cmdname{flex}-2.4.7 +i~\acro{GNU}\,\cmdname{make}-3.72.1 lub nowszy. +Istnieje mo¿liwo¶æ pracy z~innymi kompilatorami C i~programami +\cmdname{make}, wymaga to jednak dobrego zrozumienia zasad tworzenia +programów Unixowych, aby móc poradziæ sobie z~ewentualnymi problemami. + %W~wyniku wykonania polecenia \texttt{uname} powinni¶my + %otrzymaæ jak±¶ rozs±dn± warto¶æ. + +\subsection{Konfiguracja} +Nale¿y rozpakowaæ ¼ród³a ze skompresowanego pliku \texttt{tar} +z~katalogu \dirname{source} na twardy dysk, a~potem przej¶æ do katalogu, +do którego zosta³y one skopiowane. +Teraz trzeba zdecydowaæ siê, gdzie bêdzie g³ówny katalog instalacji, +np.\ \path|/usr/TeX| lub \path|/usr/local/TeX|. +Naturalnie, nale¿y u¿yæ tej samej lokalizacji, która zosta³a wykorzystana +przy instalowaniu g³ównego drzewa \TeX-owego. + +Uruchomiæ \textsf{configure} z~linii poleceñ: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{./configure --prefix=/usr/local/TeX} +\end{alltt} + +Katalog ,,prefix'' to ten, w~którym zainstalowane zosta³o g³ówne drzewo +\TeX-owe. Zostanie wykorzystany nastêpuj±cy uk³ad katalogów + (\verb|$TEXDIR| oznacza wybrany powy¿ej katalog): + +\noindent +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll@{}} + \dirname{$TEXDIR/man} & strony manuala Uniksowego,\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/share/texmf} & g³ówne drzewo \TeX-owe, + zawieraj±ce makra itp.,\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/info} & podrêczniki w formacie \acro{GNU} + info,\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin/$PLATFORM} & binaria\\ +\end{tabular} +%$ + +Mo¿na unikn±æ stosowania ,,\dirname{share/}'' przed katalogiem +\dirname{texmf}, poniewa¿ \dirname{$TEXDIR/share/texmf} +i~\dirname{$TEXDIR/texmf} s± wykrywane automatycznie przez skrypt \cmdname{configure}. +W~przypadku wybrania innego katalogu, trzeba wyszczególniæ ten katalog +parametrem \verb|--datadir| skryptu \cmdname{configure}. + +Je¿eli nie chcemy u¿ywaæ katalogu \dirname{$PLATFORM} +(a~wiêc umie¶ciæ binaria bezpo¶rednio w~\dirname{$TEXDIR/bin}), w~wywo³aniu +skryptu \cmdname{configure} nale¿y u¿yæ parametru +\verb|--disable-multiplatform|. + +Wiêcej dostêpnych parametrów (np. pomijanie pakietów opcjonalnych, takich +jak \OMEGA\ czy \eTeX) mo¿na zobaczyæ uruchamiaj±c +\texttt{./configure -{}-help}. + +\subsection{Uruchamianie \textsf{make}} +Po upewnieniu siê, ¿e nie jest ustawiona zmienna pow³oki \texttt{noclobber}, +nale¿y napisaæ +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make world} +\end{alltt} +i~\ldots zaparzyæ sobie kawê. + +Mog³oby te¿ byæ u¿yteczne zapisanie w~pliku \texttt{.log} ca³ego procesu +kompilacji: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh -c "make world >world.log 2>\&1" \&} +\end{alltt} +Zanim stwierdzimy, ¿e wszystko jest w~porz±dku, warto sprawdziæ czy w~pliku +\texttt{.log} nie ma komunikatów b³êdów (kiedy polecenie zwraca kod b³êdu, +\acro{GNU} \cmdname{make} zawsze u¿ywa sekwencji \samp{***}) +i~czy utworzone zosta³y wszystkie binaria: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd /usr/local/TeX/bin/i586-pc-linux-gnu} +> \Ucom{ls | wc} +\end{alltt} +Oczekiwanym rezultatem jest 242. Polecenie \texttt{make world} jest +równowa¿ne z~\texttt{make all install strip}. +Je¶li do uruchamiania \texttt{make install} potrzebne s± specjalne +uprawnienia, mo¿na uruchomiæ dwie oddzielne sesje \cmdname{make}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make all} +> \Ucom{su} +> \Ucom{make install strip} +\end{alltt} + +\subsection{Koñcowe kroki konfiguracyjne} +Nale¿y uaktualniæ zmienn± \envname{PATH} o~nazwê katalogu zawieraj±cego +w³a¶nie zainstalowane binaria (np.\ +\dirname{/usr/local/TeX/bin/mips-sgi-irix6.3}); podobnie post±piæ trzeba +z~\envname{MANPATH} i~\envname{INFOPATH} i~do³±czyæ do nich +odpowiednie nazwy podkatalogów, tj.\ +\dirname{$TEXDIR/man} oraz \dirname{$TEXDIR/info}. + +Program \cmdname{texconfig} pozwala na ustawienie domy¶lnych wzorców +przenoszenia wyrazów, rozmiaru papieru, poleceñ do druku, trybu \MF{}-a itd. +Polecenia tego u¿ywaæ mo¿na interaktywnie. Aby zobaczyæ jakie funkcje program +udostêpnia, wystarczy napisaæ: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{texconfig help} +\end{alltt} + +Przyk³adowo, je¿eli nie u¿ywamy formatu A4, mo¿emy ustawiæ jako format +domy¶lny ,,lettersize'' pisz±c: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{texconfig dvips paper letter} +> \Ucom{texconfig xdvi paper us} +\end{alltt} + +%-------------------------- +\section{Podziêkowania}\label{sec:acknowl} + +\TL{} jest wspólnym dzie³em praktycznie wszystkich grup \TeX-owych. +Niniejsza edycja \TL{} zosta³a opracowana pod kierownictwem Sebastiana +Rahtza i~Karla Berry, przy g³ównym wspó³udziale: + +\begin{itemize*} +\item Niemieckiej Grupy \TeX-owej (\acro{DANTE e.V.}), która udostêpni³a + komputer, na którym przygotowywano niniejsze wydanie; a~w~szczególno¶ci + Rainera Sch\"opfa i~Reinharda Zierke, którzy opiekowali siê + tym komputerem oraz Volkera Schaa i~Klausa Hoeppnera, którzy + koordynowali produkcjê p³ytek w~wydawnictwie Lehmanns; +\item firmy Perforce, która udostêpni³a bezp³atn± kopiê ¶wietnego + oprogramowania do zarz±dzania zmianami w~przygotowywanej dystrybucji; +\item Petera Breitenlohnera i~\eTeX\ teamu; +\item Thomasa Essera, autora wspania³ego \teTeX-a, bez którego + \TL{} z~ca³± pewno¶ci± by nie powsta³, i~którego sta³a + pomoc umo¿liwi³a uczynienie z~tej dystrybucji coraz lepszego produktu; +\item Eitana Gurari, autora programu \TeX4ht{} (wykorzystanego do + tworzenia niniejszej dokumentacji w~wersji \HTML), który niezmordowanie pracowa³ + nad jego ulepszaniem i~b³yskawicznie wykonywa³ poprawki; +\item Hansa Hagena, który dostosowywa³ \ConTeXt\ do potrzeb \TL; +\item Paw³a Jackowskiego, który wykona³ instalator dla Windows \cmdname{tlpm} + i~Tomka £uczaka, twórcy \cmdname{tlpmgui}; +\item \Thanh{}a, Martina Schr\"odera i~pdf\TeX\ teamu; +\item Petra Ol\shac{}\aac{}ka, który koordynowa³ i~sprawdza³ + przygotowanie czeskich i~s³owackich pakietów; +\item Fabrice'a Popineau, który przygotowa³ oprogramowanie dla Windows + i~szczególnie wiele czasu po¶wiêci³ na opracowanie metod przygotowania + i~zarz±dzania pakietami; +\item Staszka Wawrykiewicza, g³ównego testuj±cego \TL{} w~ró¿nych systemach, + który ponadto koordynowa³ przygotowanie wszystkich polskich dodatków; +\item Olafa Webera, który cierpliwie pielêgnowa³ Web2c; +\item Gerbena Wierda, który przygotowa³ oprogramowanie i~wsparcie dla + \MacOSX{}; +\item Grahama Williamsa, którego prace nad katalogiem pakietów bardzo + pomog³y w~przygotowaniu dystrybucji. +\end{itemize*} + +Binaria dla ró¿nych platform skompilowali: +Tigran Aivazian (\pkgname{x86\_64-linux}), +Manfred Lotz (\pkgname{i386-freebsd}), +%Maksym Polyakov (\pkgname{sparc-solaris}), +Fabrice Popineau (\pkgname{win32}), +Norbert Prei\-ning (\pkgname{alpha-linux}), +Vladimir Volovich (\pkgname{powerpc-aix}, \pkgname{sparc-linux} + i~\pkgname{sparc-solaris}), +Staszek Wawrykiewicz (\pkgname{i386-linux}), +Olaf Weber (\pkgname{mips-irix}), +Gerben Wierda (\pkgname{i386-darwin}, \pkgname{powerpc-darwin}). + +Aktualizacje i~t³umaczenia dokumentacji wykonali: +Karl Berry (angielski), +Daniel Flipo \& Fabrice Popineau (francuski), +G\"unter Partosch \& Hartmut Henkel (niemiecki), +Petr Sojka \& Jan Busa (czeski\slash s³owacki), +Boris Veytsman (rosyjski), +Staszek Wawrykiewicz (polski). + +Oczywi¶cie, najwa¿niejsze podziêkowania nale¿± siê Donaldowi Knuthowi +za stworzenie systemu \TeX{} i~ofiarowanie go nam wszystkim. + +%%% +\section{Historia} +\label{sec:history} + +\subsection{Poprzednie wersje} + +Dystrybucja \TL{} jest wspólnym przedsiêwziêciem +grup U¿ytkowników Systemu \TeX{} z Niemiec, Holandii, Wielkiej +Brytanii, Francji, Czech, S³owacji, Polski, Indii i~Rosji oraz grupy +miêdzynarodowej TUG (\emph{\TeX{} Users Group}). +Dyskusje nad projektem rozpoczê³y siê pod koniec 1993 roku, kiedy holenderska +Grupa U¿ytkowników \TeX-a rozpoczê³a prace nad swoim +4All\TeX{} \CD{} dla u¿ytkowników \acro{MS-DOS}. W~tym te¿ +czasie pojawi³y siê nadzieje na opracowanie jednego \CD{} dla +wszystkich systemów. +Projekt taki by³ wprawdzie zbyt ambitny, ale zrodzi³ nie tylko bardzo +popularny i~uwieñczony du¿ym powodzeniem projekt 4All\TeX{} \CD{}, +lecz równie¿ spowodowa³ powstanie Grupy Roboczej TUG ds. Standardu Katalogów +\TeX-owych (\emph{\TeX{} Directory Structure}), okre¶laj±cego w~jaki +sposób tworzyæ zgodne i~³atwe do zarz±dzania zestawy pakietów \TeX-owych. +Koñcowy raport \TDS{} zosta³ opublikowany w~grudniowym numerze +\textsl{TUGboat}-a, i~jasnym siê sta³o, ¿e +jednym z~oczekiwanych rezultatów wprowadzenia tego standardu mog³aby +byæ modelowa struktura na \CD. +Niniejszy \CD{} jest bezpo¶rednim rezultatem rozwa¿añ i~zaleceñ +Grupy Roboczej ds. \TDS. +Jasne tak¿e by³o, ¿e sukces 4All\TeX{} \CD{} pokaza³, ¿e +u¿ytkownicy Unixa tak¿e wiele by zyskali mog±c korzystaæ +z~podobnie ³atwego w~instalacji/pielêgnacji i~u¿ytkowaniu systemu. +By³o to jednym z~celów projektu \TL. + +Projekt przygotowania nowego \CD, opartego na standardzie \TDS i~zorientowanego +na systemy Uniksowe, rozpocz±³ siê jesieni± 1995 roku. Szybko +zdecydowali¶my siê na wykorzystanie \teTeX-a autorstwa Thomasa Essera, poniewa¿ +oferowa³ on wsparcie dla wielu platform i~zosta³ zaprojektowany z~my¶l± +o~przeno¶no¶ci pomiêdzy ró¿nymi systemami plików. Thomas zgodzi³ siê pomóc +i~prace rozpoczê³y siê na dobre na pocz±tku 1996 roku. Pierwsze wydanie +ukaza³o siê w~maju 1996 roku. Na pocz±tku 1997 roku Karl Berry udostêpni³ +now±, powa¿nie zmienion± wersjê swojego pakietu \Webc, zawieraj±c± prawie +wszystkie funkcje wprowadzone do \teTeX-a przez Thomasa Essera. W~zwi±zku +z~tym zdecydowali¶my siê oprzeæ drugie wydanie \CD{} na standardowej +bibliotece \Webc, z~dodaniem skryptu \texttt{texconfig} z~pakietu \teTeX. +Trzecie wydanie \CD{} by³o oparte na \Webc{} wersji 7.2, przygotowanej przez +Olafa Webera. W~tym samym czasie zosta³a przygotowana nowa wersja \teTeX-a +i~\TL{} udostêpnia³ prawie wszystkie jego nowe funkcje. +Czwarta edycja by³a przygotowana podobnie, +wykorzystuj±c now± wersjê te\TeX-a i~now± wersjê \Webc{} (7.3). +Wtedy to te¿ zainaugurowano kompletn± dystrybucjê dla Windows. + +Edycja pi±ta (marzec 2000) zawiera³a wiele poprawek i~uzupe³nieñ; +zaktualizowano setki pakietów. Szczegó³y zawarto¶ci pakietów zosta³y +zapisane w~plikach XML. +G³ówn± zmian± w~\TeX\ Live5 by³o usuniêcie programów, które nie mia³y statusu +{\it public domain}. Zawarto¶æ ca³ej p³ytki powinna odpowiadaæ ustaleniom +Debian Free Software Guidelines (\url{http://www.debian.org/intro/free}). +Do³o¿yli¶my wszelkich starañ aby sprawdziæ warunki licencyjne pakietów, +ale nadal bardzo prosimy o~zg³aszanie zauwa¿onych pomy³ek. + +Szósta edycja (lipiec 2001) zawiera³a aktualizacje ca³ego materia³u. G³ówn± +zmian± by³o wprowadzenie nowej koncepcji programów instalacyjnych: u¿ytkownik +mia³ odt±d mo¿liwo¶æ dok³adniejszego wyboru potrzebnych zestawów i~pakietów. +Zestawy dotycz±ce obs³ugi poszczególnych jêzyków zosta³y ca³kowicie +zreorganizowane, dziêki czemu wybór jednego z~nich nie tylko instalowa³ +potrzebne makra i~fonty, ale tak¿e przygotowywa³ odpowiedni plik +\texttt{language.dat}. + +\TL~7 (rok 2002) zawiera³ po raz pierwszy oprogramowanie dla \MacOSX{} +i,~jak zwykle, aktualizacjê wszelkich programów i~pakietów. +Wa¿nym zadaniem, które wykonano, by³o ujednolicenie plików ¼ród³owych +programów z~dystrybucj± te\TeX. W~programach instalacyjnych wprowadzono +mo¿liwo¶æ wyboru bardziej ogólnych, predefiniowanych zestawów pakietów +(m.in. dla u¿ytkowników francuskojêzycznych oraz polskich). Nowo¶ci± +by³o tak¿e wprowadzenie procedury aktualizacji map fontowych dla Dvips +i~Pdftex podczas instalacji oraz doinstalowywania pakietów fontowych. + +W~2003~r., wraz z~nap³ywem aktualizacji i~dodatkowych nowych pakietów, +okaza³o siê, ¿e \TL{} nie mie¶ci siê na pojedynczym \CD. +Zmuszeni byli¶my podzieliæ \TL{} na trzy dystrybucje, które wydano +na \DVD{} i~dwóch p³ytkach \CD. Ponadto: + +\begin{itemize*} +\item na ¿yczenie ,,\LaTeX{} team'' zmieniono standardowe u¿ycie + programów \cmdname{latex} i~\cmdname{pdflatex}~-- korzysta³y + one z~\eTeX{} (patrz str.~\pageref{text:etex}); +\item za³±czono nowe fonty obwiedniowe Latin Modern, które zastêpuj± + m.in. fonty EC (zawieraj±c komplet znaków europejskich), szczególnie + do tworzenia poprawnych plików PDF; +\item usuniêto binaria dla platformy Alpha \acro{OSF} (poprzednio + usuniêto tak¿e binaria dla \acro{HPUX}), niestety nie uda³o siê znale¼æ + osób chêtnych do wykonania kompilacji; +\item zmieniono instalacjê w~systemach Windows, wprowadzaj±c po raz pierwszy + zintegrowane ¶rodowisko pracy oparte na edytorze XEmacs; +\item potrzebne programy pomocnicze dla Windows (Perl, Ghost\-script, + Image\-Magick, Ispell) instalowano w~strukturze katalogów + instalacji \TL; +\item mapy fontowe, wykorzystywane przez programy \cmdname{dvips}, + \cmdname{dvipdfm} oraz \cmdname{pdftex}, generowano odt±d w~katalogu + \dirname{texmf/fonts/map}; +\item \TeX{}, \MF{} oraz \MP{} domy¶lnie pozwala³y wypisywaæ komunikaty + na ekranie i~w~pliku .log, a~tak¿e w~operacjach \verb|\write| w~ich + reprezentacji 8-bitowej, zamiast tradycyjnej notacji \verb|^^|; + w~\TL{}~7 eksperymentalnie wprowadzono zale¿no¶æ przekodowania + wyj¶cia programów od systemowej strony kodowej, obecnie ten pomys³ + zarzucono; +\item znacznie zmieniono niniejsz± dokumentacjê; +\item wreszcie, poniewa¿ numery wersji kolejnych edycji mog³y wprowadzaæ + w~b³±d, postanowili¶my identyfikowaæ edycje \TL{} zgodnie z~rokiem + wydania. +\end{itemize*} + +\subsection{Edycja 2004} + +Jak przy ka¿dej kolejnej wersji, w~2004 roku uaktualniono wiele pakietów +i~programów. Poni¿ej wymieniamy najbardziej istotne zmiany. + +\begin{itemize} +\item Gdy mamy ju¿ lokalnie zaistalowane fonty, które korzystaj± z~w³asnych +plików \filename{.map} i/lub \filename{.enc}, \emph{nale¿y} przenie¶æ te +pliki w~nowe miejsce w~strukturze \filename{texmf/}. + +Pliki \filename{.map} (map fontowych) s± obecnie wyszukiwane w~podkatalogach +\dirname{fonts/map} (w~ka¿dym drzewie \filename{texmf}), zgodnie ze ¶cie¿k± +okre¶lon± przez zmienn± \envname{TEXFONTMAPS}. Analogicznie, pliki +\filename{.enc} (przekodowañ fontów) s± obecnie wyszukiwane w~podkatalogach +\dirname{fonts/enc}, zgodnie ze ¶cie¿k± okre¶lon± przez zmienn± +\envname{ENCFONTS}. O~niew³a¶ciwie umieszczonych plikach tego typu +zostaniemy ostrze¿eni podczas uruchomienia programu \cmdname{updmap}. +Zmiany te wprowadzono w~celu uporz±dkowania struktury katalogów: wszystkie +pliki dotycz±ce fontów znajduj± siê obecnie w~ramach jednego podkatalogu +\dirname{fonts/}. + +Metody radzenia sobie z~sytuacjami zwi±zanymi z~przej¶ciem na nowy uk³ad +katalogów omawia artyku³ \url{http://tug.org/texlive/mapenc.html}. + +\item Do \TK\ \DVD{} dodano now± dystrybucjê dla Windows o~nazwie +pro\TeX{}t (opart± na \MIKTEX-u). Jest ona dostêpna tak¿e na odrêbnym \CD. +Choæ pro\TeX{}t nie bazuje na implementacji Web2C, stosuje uk³ad katalogów +zgodny z~\TDS (patrz czê¶æ~\ref{sec:struct-tl} na +str.~\pageref{sec:struct-tl}). + +\item W ramach \TL{} dotychczasowe pojedyncze drzewo katalogów +\dirname{texmf} zosta³o rozdzielone na trzy mniejsze: \dirname{texmf}, +\dirname{texmf-dist} i~\dirname{texmf-doc} (patrz +czê¶æ~\ref{sec:tld}, str.~\pageref{sec:tld}) oraz pliki \filename{README} +w~ka¿dym z~tych katalogów). + +\item Wszystkie pliki makr wczytywane przez \TeX-a s± +obecnie umieszczone wy³±cznie w~podkalogu \dirname{tex} w~ramach +\dirname{texmf*}. Tym samym usuniêto zbêdne katalogi +\dirname{etex}, \dirname{pdftex}, \dirname{pdfetex} itp. i~uproszczono +metody wyszukiwania plików. + +\item Pomocnicze skrypty wykonywalne, niezale¿ne od platformy +i~zwykle uruchamiane w~sposób automatyczny, s± obecnie +umieszczone w~nowym podkatalogu \dirname{scripts} w~ramach \dirname{texmf*}. +Znajdywane s± poleceniem \verb|kpsewhich -format=texmfscripts|. +Programy korzystaj±ce z tych skryptów mog± wymagaæ modyfikacji. +Patrz \CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts} +{\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts}}. + +\item Prawie wszystkie formaty traktuj± obecnie wiêkszo¶æ znaków +jako jawnie ,,wy¶wietlalne'' (\emph{printable}), nie za¶, jak by³o dotychczas, +konwertowane na \TeX-ow± notacjê \verb|^^|. Mo¿liwe jest to dziêki domy¶lnemu +wczytywaniu tablicy przekodowañ \filename{cp227.tcx}. Dok³adniej, znaki +o~kodach 32--256, HT, VT oraz FF s± traktowane dos³ownie podczas wy¶wietlania +komunikatów. Wyj±tkiem jest plain \TeX{} (tylko znaki z~zakresu 32--127 +s± nie zmieniane), \ConTeXt{} (znaki z zakresu 0--255) oraz formaty bazuj±ce +na Omedze. Podobna domy¶lna w³a¶ciwo¶æ by³a wprowadzona w~\TL\,2003, ale +obecnie zosta³a zaimplementowana w~bardziej elegancki sposób i~z~wiêkszymi +mo¿liwo¶ciami indywidualnego dostosowania (patrz +\CDref{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files} +{\texttt{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files}}. +(Warto wspomnieæ, ¿e wczytuj±c Unicode \TeX{} mo¿e w~komunikatach b³êdów +pokazywaæ niekompletne sekwencje znaków, poniewa¿ +zosta³ zaprojektowany ,,bajtowo''.) % hmmm, ca³y akapit by + % o strumieniach we-wy? + +\item Program \textsf{pdfetex} jest obecnie domy¶ln± ,,maszyn±'' dla +wiêkszo¶ci formatów (nie dotyczy to samego (plain) \textsf{tex}). +Domy¶lnie, gdy uruchamiamy polecenie \textsf{latex}, \textsf{mex} +itp., generowane s± pliki \acro{DVI}. Mo¿liwe jest jednak wykorzystanie +w~\LaTeX, \ConTeXt{} itp. m.in. w³a¶ciwo¶ci mikrotypograficznych +zaimplementowanych w~\textsf{pdftex}, a~tak¿e rozszerzonych cech \eTeX-a +(\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/}). + +Oznacza to tak¿e, co warto podkre¶liæ, ¿e \emph{zalecane} jest u¿ycie +pakietu \pkgname{ifpdf} (który dzia³a zarówno z~plain, jak i~\LaTeX) +lub analogicznych makr. Zwyk³e sprawdzanie czy zdefiniowano \cs{pdfoutput} +b±d¼ kilka innych poleceñ pierwotnych mo¿e nie wystarczyæ do rozstrzygniêcia +czy nie jest generowany plik \acro{PDF}. W~tym roku podjêli¶my +wysi³ek by zachowaæ, najlepiej jak to mo¿liwe, kompatybilno¶æ +z~dotychczasowymi przyzwyczajeniami u¿ytkowników. Od przysz³ego roku +nale¿y siê spodziewaæ, ¿e \cs{pdfoutput} mo¿e byæ zdefiniowany nawet wtedy, +gdy generowany jest plik \acro{DVI}. + +\item pdf\TeX\ (\url{http://pdftex.org}) posiada obecnie wiele nowych +cech: + + \begin{itemize*} + + \item \cs{pdfmapfile} i~\cs{pdfmapline} pozwalaj± okre¶liæ + z~poziomu dokumentu u¿yte mapy fontowe, a~tak¿e pojedyncze + dodatkowe wpisy w~tych mapach. + + \item mikrotypograficzne operacje z~fontami s± ³atwiejsze w u¿yciu;\\ + \url{http://www.ntg.nl/pipermail/ntg-pdftex/2004-May/000504.html} + + \item wszystkie parametry pracy pdf\TeX-a, dotychczas okre¶lane + w~specjalnym pliku konfiguracyjnym \filename{pdftex.cfg}, musz± byæ + teraz ustawiane poleceniami wbudowanymi, jak w~pliku + \filename{pdftexconfig.tex}; plik \filename{pdftex.cfg} + nie jest ju¿ w~ogóle wykorzystywany. Po zmianie \filename{pdftexconfig.tex} + nale¿y na nowo wygenerowaæ pliki formatów (wci±¿ jednak u¿ytkownik ma + pe³n± swobodê okre¶lania parametrów w~redagowanym dokumencie); + + \item wiêcej informacji zawarto w~podrêczniku pdf\TeX-a: + \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual}. + + \end{itemize*} + +\item Polecenie \cs{input} w~programach \cmdname{tex}, + \cmdname{mf} oraz \cmdname{mpost} akceptuje obecnie nazwy + plików ograniczone podwójnymi apostrofami, zawieraj±ce spacje i~inne + znaki, np.: +\begin{verbatim} +\input "nazwa_pliku ze spacjami" % plain +\input{"nazwa_pliku ze spacjami"} % latex +\end{verbatim} +Wiêcej informacji zawiera podrêcznik Web2C: \OnCD{texmf/doc/web2c}. + +\item \texttt{-output-directory} -- nowa opcja programów \cmdname{tex}, + \cmdname{mf} oraz \cmdname{mpost} -- pozwala na zapisanie wyniku pracy + w~wyspecyfikowanym katalogu (np. mo¿emy uruchomiæ program \texttt{tex} + z~plikiem znajduj±cym siê na dysku tylko do odczytu, za¶ wynik zapisaæ + na dysku pozwalaj±cym na~to); + +\item Rozszerzenie enc\TeX\ zosta³o szczê¶liwie w³±czone do Web2C. + Aby uaktywniæ to rozszerzenie, nale¿y podczas generowania formatu + u¿yæ opcji \optname{-enc}. Ogólnie mówi±c, enc\TeX\ obs³uguje + przekodowanie wej¶cia i~wyj¶cia, w³±czaj±c tak¿e Unicode (\acro{UTF}-8) + (patrz \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/generic/enctex/} oraz + \url{http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html}). + +\item Dostêpny jest nowy program Aleph, który ³±czy cechy \eTeX\ i~\OMEGA. + Póki co, dokumentacja jest znikoma (\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base} + oraz \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=aleph}). + Format bazuj±cy na \LaTeX-u dla programu Aleph nazwano \textsf{lamed}. + +\item Aktualna dystrybucja \LaTeX-a zosta³a zaopatrzona w~now± licencjê +\acro{LPPL}, obecnie w~pe³ni zgodn± i~aprobowan± przez zalecenia okre¶lone +w~licencji Debiana. O~nowo¶ciach i~uaktualnieniach mo¿na siê dowiedzieæ +przegl±daj±c pliki \filename{ltnews} w~\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/latex/base}. + +\item Do³±czono tak¿e program \cmdname{dvipng} konwertuj±cy pliki \acro{DVI} +do formatu graficznego \acro{PNG} (\OnCD{texmf/doc/man/man1/dvipng.1}). + +\item W~porozumieniu i~z~pomoc± autora, Claudio Beccari, ograniczono +pakiet \pkgname{cbgreek} do zestawu fontów rozs±dnego rozmiaru. Usuniêto +sporadycznie u¿ywane fonty konturowe i~s³u¿±ce do prezentacji. Pe³en +zestaw jest oczywi¶cie nadal dostêpny z~serwerów \acro{CTAN} +(\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/greek/cb}). + +\item Usuniêto program \cmdname{oxdvi}; jego funkcje obs³uguje +obecnie \cmdname{xdvi}. + +\item Programy z~przedrostkiem \cmdname{ini} oraz \cmdname{vir} +(np. \cmdname{initex}), które zwykle by³y dowi±zaniami do programów +\cmdname{tex}, \cmdname{mf} i~\cmdname{mpost}, nie s± ju¿ dostêpne. +W~zupe³no¶ci wystarcza u¿ycie w~wierszu poleceñ opcji \optname{-ini}. + +\item Dystrybucja nie zawiera binariów dla platformy \textsf{i386-openbsd} +(g³ównie z~powodu braku chêtnych do wykonania kompilacji). + +\item W~systemie \textsf{sparc-solaris} nale¿y ustawiæ zmienn± systemow± +\envname{LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH}, aby uruchomiæ programy \pkgname{t1utils}. +Binaria by³y kompilowane w~C++, ale w~tym systemie brak jest standardowego +po³o¿enia bibliotek uruchomieniowych. Fakt ten by³ ju¿ wcze¶niej znany, +ale nie by³ dotychczas udokumentowany. Z~kolei dla systemu +\textsf{mips-irix} wymagana jest obecno¶æ bibliotek \acro{MIPS}pro 7.4. + +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Edycja 2005} +\label{sec:tlcurrent} + +Aktualna edycja przynios³a, jak zwykle, mnóstwo aktualizacji pakietów +i~programów. Struktura dystrybucji ustabilizowa³a siê, niemniej jednak +pojawi³o siê nieco zmian w~konfiguracji: + +\begin{itemize} + +\item Wprowadzono nowe skrypty \cmdname{texconfig-sys}, \cmdname{updmap-sys} + i~\cmdname{fmtutil-sys}, których zadaniem jest modyfikowanie plików + konfiguracyjnych w~g³ównych drzewach katalogów systemu. Dotychczasowe + skrypty \cmdname{texconfig}, \cmdname{updmap} i~\cmdname{fmtutil} + modyfikuj± obecnie pliki u¿ytkownika w~katalogu \dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}. + (Patrz czê¶æ~\ref{sec:texconfig}, str.~\pageref{sec:texconfig}). + +\item Nowe zmienne ¶rodowiskowe \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} + i~\envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} wskazuj± po³o¿enie drzew katalogów z~plikami + konfiguracyjnymi, odpowiednio: u¿ytkownika i~systemu. Tak wiêc mo¿e okazaæ + siê koniecznym przeniesienie w³asnych wersji \filename{fmtutil.cnf} + i~\filename{updmap.cfg} w~odpowiednie miejsca. Inn± mo¿liwo¶ci± jest + przedefiniowanie \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} lub \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} + w~pliku texmf.cnf. W~ka¿dym przypadku po³o¿enie tych plików i~przypisania + \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} i~\envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} musz± byæ zgodne. + (Patrz czê¶æ~\ref{sec:texmftrees}, str.~\pageref{sec:texmftrees}.) + +\item W~wydaniu zesz³orocznym przy produkowaniu wynikowego pliku DVI + \verb|\pdfoutput| i~podobne polecenia pozostawa³y niezdefiniowane, mimo + ¿e u¿ywany by³ program \cmdname{pdfetex}. Zgodnie z~obietnic±, + w~tym roku zarzucili¶my to rozwi±zanie, którego celem by³o zapewnienie + kompatybilno¶ci. Z~tego powodu bêd± musia³y ulec zmianie te Twoje dokumenty, + które u¿ywaj± \verb|\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined| do sprawdzania czy plik + wynikowy ma byæ w~formacie PDF. Mo¿esz zastosowaæ pakiet \pkgname{ifpdf.sty}, + który dzia³a zarówno z~plain \TeX-em jak i~\LaTeX-em, albo zapo¿yczyæ + zastosowane w~nim rozwi±zania. + +\item W~wydaniu zesz³orocznym zmienili¶my wiêkszo¶æ formatów tak, aby na + wyj¶ciu 8-bitowe znaki by³y reprezentowane przez same siebie (por. + poprzednia czê¶æ). Nowy plik TCX o~nazwie \filename{empty.tcx} pozwala + w~³atwy sposób uzyskaæ w~razie potrzeby oryginaln± notacjê (\verb|^^|), + np.: + +\begin{verbatim} +latex --translate-file=empty.tcx twojplik.tex +\end{verbatim} + +\item Do³±czono nowy program \cmdname{dvipdfmx}, s³u¿±cy do konwersji DVI + do PDF. Program jest aktywnie pielêgnowan± aktualizacj± programu + \cmdname{dvipdfm}, który wci±¿ jest dostêpny, ale nie jest ju¿ polecany. + +\item Nowe programy \cmdname{pdfopen} i~\cmdname{pdfclose} pozwalaj± na + prze³adowanie plików PDF w~Adobe Acrobat Reader, bez konieczno¶ci ponownego + uruchamiania programu. (Inne przegl±darki formatu PDF, jak \cmdname{xpdf}, + \cmdname{gv} i~\cmdname{gsview}, nigdy na tê przypad³o¶æ nie cierpia³y.) + +\item Dla spójno¶ci, zmienne \envname{HOMETEXMF} i~\envname{VARTEXMF} zosta³y + przemianowane odpowiednio na \envname{TEXMFHOME} i~\envname{TEXMFSYSVAR}. + Istnieje równie¿ \envname{TEXMFVAR}, która przeznaczona jest domy¶lnie + dla u¿ytkownika. Patrz te¿ punkt pierwszy, powy¿ej. + +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{Przysz³e wersje} + +\emph{Niniejsza dystrybucja nie jest doskona³a!} Planujemy wydawanie jej +raz na rok +i~chcieliby¶my ¿eby zawiera³a jeszcze wiêcej pomocnej dokumentacji, wiêcej +programów u¿ytkowych, lepsze programy instalacyjne oraz (oczywi¶cie) stale +ulepszany i~poprawiany katalog makr i~fontów. Zadanie to jest wykonywane +przez ciê¿ko pracuj±cych ochotników, po¶wiêcaj±cych na to wiele swojego +wolnego czasu. Wiele jeszcze pozosta³o do zrobienia. Je¿eli mo¿esz pomóc, +nie zastanawiaj siê i~przy³±cz siê do nas. + +Prosimy o~przesy³anie poprawek, sugestii i~uzupe³nieñ oraz deklaracji +pomocy w~opracowywaniu kolejnych edycji na adres:\hfill\null + % +\begin{quote} +Sebastian Rahtz\\ +{}7 Stratfield Road\\ +Oxford OX2 7BG\\ +United Kingdom\\ +\email{tex-live@tug.org} \\ +\url{http://tug.org/texlive} +\end{quote} + % +Uaktualnienia, og³oszenia i~wskazówki bêd± dostêpne na stronie +\url{http://tug.org/texlive.html}. + +\end{document} + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/live4ht.cfg b/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/live4ht.cfg new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0fcd5cd1318 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/live4ht.cfg @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +% tex4ht configuration file for the TeX Live documentation. +% Accumulated over many years. Public domain. +% +% html specifies the main output format. +% info for extra debugging info in the log files. + +% better approach is to have html in one piece (including footnotes). +% also the newest TeX4ht could produce UTF-8 output (-utf8 option) +%\Preamble{charset=utf-8,html,info,fn-in} +\Preamble{html,info,fn-in} + +% add extra stylesheet +\Configure{@HEAD}{\HCode{% +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="\jobname.css" />\Hnewline +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="tex-live.css" />\Hnewline +}} + +% or LaTeX complains it is missing. +\begin{document} + +\EndPreamble + +% simplify output for HTML. We leave TeX and LaTeX alone, since tex4ht +% actually does the lowered E (and raised A) in CSS. +%\def\OMEGA{Omega} +\def\LaTeXe{LaTeX2e} +\def\eTeX{e-\TeX} +\def\acro#1{#1} +\def\MF{Metafont} +\def\BibTeX{BibTeX} +\def\warningbox{} +\def\endwarningbox{} + +\Configure{crosslinks}{[}{] + }{nastêpny}{poprzedni}{wstecz} + {pocz±tek}{koniec}{spis} + +\ifx\tldocenglish\undefined \else + % these definitions cause "missing } inserted" at \end{tabularx} in + % other langs. don't know why. + % + % don't make these into links, as happens with \path. We only have a couple + % special characters that actually occur. + \def\dirname{\texttt\bgroup\catcode`\$=12 \catcode`\_=12 \finishliteral} + \def\finishliteral#1{#1\egroup} + \let\filename=\dirname +\fi + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/tex-livep.sty b/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/tex-livep.sty new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3277ae66b4b --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/tex-livep.sty @@ -0,0 +1,427 @@ +% $Id: tex-livep.sty#14 $ $Author: staw $ $Date: 2005/10/31 $ +% TeX Live documentation style. Written by many people over many years. +% Public domain. +% +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01] +\ProvidesPackage{tex-livep}[2005/09/24 v1.5 TeX Live documentation style] +% +\RequirePackage{alltt} +\RequirePackage{array} +\RequirePackage{colortbl} +\RequirePackage{comment} +\RequirePackage{float} +\RequirePackage{graphicx} +\RequirePackage{longtable} +\RequirePackage{shortvrb} +\RequirePackage[normalem]{ulem} +\RequirePackage[obeyspaces]{url} +\RequirePackage{xspace} +% +\RequirePackage{lmodern} +\usepackage{textcomp}% including \textbullet +\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} +%\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} +% +% for a proper \acro command (even in the context of the definition in +% ltugboat -- \DRC overrides without checking) +\RequirePackage{relsize} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\acro}[1]{\textsmaller{#1}\@} +% +\RequirePackage{fancyvrb} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{fverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\footnotesize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{sverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\small} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{boxedverbatim} + {Verbatim}{fontsize=\scriptsize,frame=single} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{Verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\def\verbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\boxedverbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[frame=single,fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\listinginput#1#2{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize,firstnumber=#1,numbers=left]{#2}} +\MakeShortVerb\| +% +% +% Done with packages. +% +% Page layout. +\advance\textwidth by 1.1in +\advance\oddsidemargin by -.55in +\advance\evensidemargin by -.55in +% +\advance\textheight by 1in +\advance\topmargin by -.5in +\advance\footskip by -.5in +\pagestyle{headings} +% +% LaTeX parameters. +\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.85} +\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.86} +\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.1} +\renewcommand{\belowcaptionskip}{4pt} +\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} +\setcounter{topnumber}{5} +\setcounter{totalnumber}{5} +% +% linebreaking, etc. +\hbadness=4000 +\vbadness=4000 +\emergencystretch=.1\hsize +\relpenalty=500 +% +\def\slash{/\penalty\z@\hskip\z@skip } +% +% various sorts of names +\newcommand*{\pkgname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% package name +\newcommand*{\optname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% (package,class) option name +\newcommand*{\cmdname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% command name +\newcommand*{\colname}[1]{\emph{#1}}% collection name +\newcommand*{\dirname}[1]{\path{#1}}% directory name +\newcommand*{\filename}[1]{\path{#1}}% file name +\newcommand*{\envname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% environment variable name +\newcommand{\code}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\file}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\prog}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\samp}[1]{`\texttt{#1}'} +\newcommand{\var}[1]{{\sl #1}}% not \textsl, for roman not typewriter slanted. +\newcommand{\ttvar}[1]{\texttt{\var{#1}}} +% +% underlined command input. +\def\Ucom#1{% + \uline{\rule[-.2\baselineskip]{0pt}{.9\baselineskip}\ttfamily #1}} + +% \CDref is for url's with a #, where we need to write the target url and +% displayed url separately in the input, due to catcode madness. +% (We could simplify/remove this next time, I think.) +\def\CDref#1#2{\texttt{#1}} +% +% \OnCD is currently for any other reference to a file or directory in +% the distribution. PDF readers only open .pdf files, though, so we +% should change this to only use \href for those. Or more likely use +% different macros in the source. +\def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{\path{#1}}} +% +% \href incorrectly appends .pdf to anything without an extension; these +% definitions using \hyper@linkurl do not, but they fail for .pdf +% references -- which are the only ones that work anyway. So this is +% useless, in practice. +%\def\CDref#1#2{\hyper@linkurl{#2}{../../../../#1}} +%\def\OnCD#1{\hyper@linkurl{\path{#1}}{../../../../#1}} + +% GUI menu/button/tab sequence: +\def\guiseq#1{\textsf{#1}} +\def\arw{\unskip$\rightarrow$\ignorespaces} +% +% Special names. +\def\dpi{$\,$dpi\xspace} +\def\bs{{\protect\normalfont\ttfamily\char'134}} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\cs}[1]{{\normalfont\ttfamily\char`\\#1}} +\def\Q#1{\par\vskip6pt\leftline{#1}\par} +\def\hyph{-} +% +% many abbreviations. +\newcommand{\CS}{$\mathcal{C}\kern-.1667em\lower.5ex% + \hbox{$\mathcal{S}$}\kern-.075em $} +\def\AFMtoTFM{\cmdname{AFM2TFM}\null} +\def\bv{\emph{Baskerville}} +\let\BV=\bv +\def\Dash{\unskip\nobreak\thinspace---\thinspace\ignorespaces} +\def\dvicopy{\cmdname{dvicopy}} +\def\dvidvi{\cmdname{dvidvi}} +\def\dvips{\cmdname{dvips}} +\def\eTeX{$\varepsilon$-\TeX} +\def\fpTeX{\textrm{fp}\TeX\xspace} +\def\GFtoDVI{\cmdname{GFtoDVI}\null} +\def\GFtoPK{\cmdname{GFtoPK}\null} +\def\GFtype{\cmdname{GFtype}} +\def\KPS{Kpathsea} +\def\La{La} +\def\OMEGA{$\Omega$} +\def\OzMF{OzMF} +\def\OzMP{OzMP} +\def\OzTeX{O\kern-.03em z\kern-.15em\TeX} +\def\p.{p.\,} +\def\PKtype{\cmdname{PKtype}} +\def\PLtoTF{\cmdname{PLtoTF}\null} +\def\ProTeXt{Pro\TeX t} +\def\teTeX{\textrm{te}\TeX\xspace} +\def\TeXLive{\TeX{} Live\xspace} +\def\TFtoPL{\cmdname{TFtoPL}\null} +\def\TK{\textsf{\TeX\ Collection}} +\let\TL=\TeXLive +\def\TypeI{Type~1} +\def\VFtoVP{\cmdname{VFtoVP}\null} +\def\VPtoVF{\cmdname{VPtoVF}\null} +\def\Thanh{H\`an~Th\^e\llap{\raise 0.5ex\hbox{\'{}}}~Th\`anh} +\def\XEmTeX{\textrm{XEm}\TeX\xspace} +\def\XEmacs{\textrm{XEmacs}\xspace} +\def\Webc{Web2C} +\providecommand*{\CD}{\acro{CD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\CTAN}{\acro{CTAN}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\DVD}{\acro{DVD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\HTML}{\acro{HTML}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\MacOSX}{Mac\,\acro{OS\,X}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\PS}{Post\-Script\xspace} +\providecommand*{\TDS}{\acro{TDS}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\dvi}{\acro{DVI}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\web}{\texttt{web}\xspace} + +% Include an image. +% #1 - name of image (pictures/#1.jpg, always .jpg please) +% #2 - bb for html +% #3 - width for TeX +% +\def\tlimage#1#2#3{% + \ifnum \Status=2 % html, want relative path in output + \includegraphics[#2]{../../general/texlive-common/pictures/#1.jpg} + \else % not html, handled by TEXINPUTS in Makefile + \includegraphics[width=#3]{pictures/#1.jpg} + \fi + \\[5mm] +} +% +% description-like environment that uses tt instead of bf, and doesn't +% go to the left margin. Without the \hfil, get an underfull box. +% Don't know why \descriptionlabel doesn't. +% +\newenvironment{ttdescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt % these lists tend to have short descriptions + \parindent=0pt + \let\makelabel=\ttdescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\ttdescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\ttfamily #1\hfil} +% +% Likewise, for commands using sans serif. +\newenvironment{cmddescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt + \let\makelabel=\cmddescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\cmddescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\sffamily #1\hfil} + +% General squeezed itemize. +\newenvironment{itemize*}% + {\begin{itemize}% + \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}% + \setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}% + {\end{itemize}} + +\newsavebox{\wbox} +\newenvironment{warningbox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\wbox} + \begin{minipage}{.95\textwidth}} + {\end{minipage}\end{lrbox}\fbox{\usebox{\wbox}}} +% +% lrbox is used as a representation marking. I changed it to +% lrBox in tne source file, to get closer to logical marking +\newsavebox{\mylrbox} +\newenvironment{lrBox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\mylrbox}} + {\end{lrbox}} + + +% emacs-page output setup +% +\ifx \HCode\UnDef + \providecommand{\Status}{0}% running TeX +\else + \providecommand{\Status}{2}% running TeX4ht +\fi +%\typeout{Status is \Status} +% +\newif\ifSingleColumn +% +% By default, we won't be creating hyperlinks. +\def\href#1#2{#2} +\def\hypertarget#1#2{} +\def\email#1{\href{mailto:#1}{\path{#1}}} % \path comes from url +% +\definecolor{hypercolor}{rgb}{0.5,0.0,0.5} % purplish external links. +% +% +\ifcase\Status + % \Status = 0 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in DVI format} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 1 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in PDF format} + \RequirePackage[%unicode=true, % doesn't work in some PDF viewers :( + breaklinks,colorlinks,linkcolor=hypercolor,citecolor=hypercolor, + pagecolor=hypercolor,urlcolor=hypercolor, + filecolor=hypercolor, + bookmarksopen,pdfstartview={FitBH -320000},hyperindex] + {hyperref} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 2 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in HTML format} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + % read our config file, live4ht.cfg; q.v., for more definitions. + % hyperref load must come after the tex4ht load. + \RequirePackage[live4ht]{tex4ht} + \RequirePackage[tex4ht]{hyperref} \hyperlinkfileprefix{} + % definitions need simplifying for TeX4ht to make relative paths work. + \def\CDref#1#2{\href{../../../../#1}{#2}} + \def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{#1}} + \or + % \Status = 3 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a Baskerville issue} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \RequirePackage{bvoutln}% outline of baskerville + \SingleColumnfalse + \RequirePackage{multicol} + \or + % \Status = 4 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a TUB article} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \SingleColumnfalse + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} +\fi +% +\ifnum \Status=4 +\else + \RequirePackage{texnames} + \providecommand\TeXXeT{\TeX-{}-% + \kern-.1emX\kern-.125em\lower.5ex\hbox{E}\kern-.1667emT\@} + \def\MP{MetaPost} + \let\mf\MF + \newcommand\ConTeXt{C\kern-.0333emon\-\kern-.0667em\TeX\kern-.0333emt} + \newcommand\MIKTEX{MiK\kern-.025em \TeX}% per www.miktex.org + % from pictex.tex: + \ifx\PiC\undefined \def\PiC{P\kern-.12em\lower.5ex\hbox{I}\kern-.075emC} \fi + \ifx\PiCTeX\undefined \def\PiCTeX{\PiC\kern-.11em\TeX} \fi +\fi +% +% hacking at sections etc., to pay attention to baskerville status +\newcommand{\@condend@multicols}{% + \ifSingleColumn + \else + \def\@tempa{multicols}% + \ifx\@tempa\@currenvir + \end{multicols}% + \fi + \fi +} +\let\Section\section +\renewcommand{\section}{% + \@ifstar + {\Section*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@section + }% +} +\def\@full@section[#1]#2{% + \Section[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} +\let\SubSection\subsection +\renewcommand{\subsection}{% + \@ifstar{\SubSection*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@subsection + } +} +\def\@full@subsection[#1]#2{% + \SubSection[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} + +% calm things down a bit if we're in a multiple-column version +\ifSingleColumn +\else + \def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini + \parsep \z@ + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \let\@listi\@listI + \@listi + \def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii + \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii + \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 1\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \partopsep \z@ + \itemsep \topsep + } + \def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv + \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv + \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi + \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } +\fi +% +% array package stuff +\def\arraybackslash{\let\\=\@arraycr} +\newcolumntype{P}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}} +% +% shaded rows (using facilities of colortbl) +% +\definecolor{pale}{gray}{.9} +\newcount\colrow +\gdef\RowColor{pale} +\def\SetRowColor{% + \rowcolor{\RowColor}% + \global\advance\colrow by1\relax + \ifodd\colrow + \gdef\RowColor{pale}% + \else + \gdef\RowColor{white}% + \fi +} +% redefine to hack up a reference even though we don't need it... +\renewcommand\@bibitem[1]{\if@filesw \immediate\write\@auxout + {\string\bibcite{#1}{?}}\fi\ignorespaces} +% +% \unknownTeXlive is a dummy texlive entry for the biblio +\newcommand\unknownTeXlive[2][\relax]{\textbf{\textsc{unknown}}% + \global\@all@unknown\expandafter{\the\@all@unknown{#2}}% +} +\newtoks\@all@unknown +\global\@all@unknown{} +\AtEndDocument{\@message@unknowns} +\def\@message@unknowns{\edef\@tempa{\the\@all@unknown}% + \ifx\@tempa\@empty + \else + \def\@tempa{*** TeX live package location of }% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns\the\@all@unknown\@empty + \fi +} +\def\@output@unknowns#1{\edef\@tempb{#1}% + \ifx\@tempb\@empty + \typeout{ unknown}% + \else + \message{\@tempa#1,}% + \def\@tempa{}% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns + \fi +} + + +% Silence font warnings about no bold typewriter in LM. +\def\@font@warning#1{}% + +% Silence hyperref warnings about \kern. +\def\HyPsd@Warning#1{}% + +\endinput diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/tex4ht.env b/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/tex4ht.env new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d6368769d1a --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/polish/texlive-pl/tex4ht.env @@ -0,0 +1,259 @@ +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% tex4ht.env / .tex4ht (unix) 2005-05-17-01:25 % +% Copyright (C) 1997--2005 Eitan M. Gurari % +% % +% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the % +% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either % +% version 1.3 of this license or (at your option) any % +% later version. The latest version of this license is % +% in % +% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt % +% and version 1.3 or later is part of all distributions % +% of LaTeX version 2003/12/01 or later. % +% % +% This work has the LPPL maintenance status "maintained".% +% % +% This Current Maintainer of this work % +% is Eitan M. Gurari. % +% % +% gurari@cse.ohio-state.edu % +% http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~gurari % +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Notes: % +% 1. Empty lines might be harmful % +% 2. Tagged script segments <tag>...</tag> are scanned only if % +% their names are specified within -ctag switches of tex4ht.c % +% and t4ht.c. When -c switches are not supplied, a -cdefault % +% is implicitly assumed. % +% The tags <tag> and </tag>, but not their bodies, are % +% ignored if they are not located at the start of their lines. % +% 3. Place this file in your work directory and/or root directory % +% and/or in directory `xxx' of your choice. In the latest case, % +% compile tex4ht.c and t4ht.c with `#define ENVFILE xxx', or % +% provide the address of the file to tex4ht and t4ht throught % +% the -e switch % +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +% * Replace `path', and possibly what follows, with appropriate % +% content % +% * A path may start with: % +% ~ for environment variable HOME % +% ~~ for environment variable TEX4HTTFM % +% * A ! requests recursive search into subdirectories % +% * Multiple t and i entries are allowed % +% * When supported by kpathsea % +% + t entries are ignored % +% + the path before /ht-fonts/ is ignored in i records that don't % +% represent real addresses % +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% +tpath/tex/texmf/fonts/tfm/! +% +<default> +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/iso8859/2/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/ascii/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/alias/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/mozilla/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/unicode/! +</default> + +<mozhtf> +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/mozilla/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/unicode/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/ascii/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/alias/! +</mozhtf> + +<iso2htf> +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/iso8859/2/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/ascii/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/unicode/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/alias/! +</iso2htf> + +<iso5htf> +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/iso8859/5/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/ascii/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/unicode/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/alias/! +</iso5htf> + +<iso7htf> +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/iso8859/7/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/ascii/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/unicode/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/alias/! +</iso7htf> + + +<iso15htf> +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/iso8859/15/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/ascii/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/unicode/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/alias/! +</iso15htf> + +<koi8rhtf> +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/koi/8r/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/ascii/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/unicode/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/alias/! +</koi8rhtf> + +<symhtf> +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/symbol/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/unicode/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/ascii/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/alias/! +</symhtf> + +<win1251htf> +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/win/1251/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/unicode/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/ascii/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/alias/! +</win1251htf> + +<unihtf> +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/unicode/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/ascii/! +i~/tex4ht.dir/texmf/tex4ht/ht-fonts/alias/! +</unihtf> + +% +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% dvi-to-xxx % +% choose one G-script % +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% dvips options % +% magnification: -x mag (e.g., -x 1200) % +% page size: -T x,y (e.g., -T 14in,14in) % +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + <convert> + G.png + Gdvips -E -q -Ppdf -f %%1 -pp %%2 > zz%%4.ps + Ggs -sDEVICE=pngalpha -sOutputFile=%%3 -r110x110 -dEPSCrop -dBackgroundColor=16#ffffff -dTextAlphaBits=2 -dGraphicsAlphaBits=2 -q -dbatch -dNOPAUSE zz%%4.ps -c quit + Grm zz%%4.ps +G.svg +Gdvips -Ppdf -mode ibmvga -D 110 -f %%1 -pp %%2 > zz%%4.eps +Gpstoedit -f svg zz%%4.eps %%3 +%-------------------% + Gdvips -Ppdf -mode ibmvga -D 110 -f %%1 -pp %%2 > zz%%4.ps + Ggs -sDEVICE=ppm -sOutputFile=zz%%4.ppm -r110x110 -dTextAlphaBits=2 -dGraphicsAlphaBits=2 -q -dbatch -dNOPAUSE zz%%4.ps -c quit + Gconvert zz%%4.ppm -crop 0x0 +page -density 110x110 -transparent '#FFFFFF' zz%%4.png + Gperl png2svgGDI.pl zz%%4.png + Gperl svgGDI.pl zz%%4.svg %%3 + Grm zz%%4.ps + Grm zz%%4.ppm + Grm zz%%4.png + Grm zz%%4.svg +G. +Gdvips -E -Ppdf -mode ibmvga -D 110 -f %%1 -pp %%2 > zz%%4.ps +Gconvert zz%%4.ps -trim +repage -density 110x110 -transparent '#FFFFFF' %%3 +Grm zz%%4.ps +%--------- alternative instructions for old versions of convert +% Gconvert zz%%4.ps -trim -density 110x110 -transparent "#FFFFFF" %%3 +% Gconvert zz%%4.ps -crop 0x0 +repage -density 110x110 -transparent "#FFFFFF" %%3 +% Gconvert zz%%4.ps -crop 0x0 +page -density 110x110 -transparent "#FFFFFF" %%3 +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + </convert> +<netpbm> +Gdvips -Ppdf -mode ibmvga -D 110 -f %%1 -pp %%2 > zz%%4.ps +Ggs -sDEVICE=ppm -r110 -sOutputFile=zz%%4.ppm -q -dbatch -dTextAlphaBits=4 -dGraphicsAlphaBits=4 -dNOPAUSE zz%%4.ps -c quit +Gmv zz%%4.ppm temp.ppm +Gpnmcrop temp.ppm > zz%%4.ppm +Gppmtopng -interlace -transparent 1,1,1 zz%%4.ppm > %%3 +Grm zz%%4.ps +Grm zz%%4.ppm +Grm temp.ppm +% Gppmtogif -interlace -transparent 1,1,1 zz%%4.ppm > %%3 +</netpbm> +<dvipng> +G.png +Gdvipng -T tight -x 1400 -D 72 -bg Transparent -pp %%2:%%2 %%1 -o %%3 +G.gif +Gdvipng -T tight -x 1400 -D 72 -bg Transparent -pp -gif %%2:%%2 %%1 -o %%3 +G. +Gdvips -Ppdf -mode ibmvga -D 110 -f > zz%%4.ps +Gconvert -crop 0x0 -density 110x110 -transparent '#FFFFFF' zz%%4.ps %%3 +Grm zz%%4.ps +</dvipng> + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +% Default scripts, shifted rightward 1 pos +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + s--- needs --- %%1.idv[%%2] ==> %%3 --- + b--- characters --- + g.png +% empty bitmaps % + Ecopy empty.png %%1%%2 +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + % +% +% * Address for an automatically created bookkeeping file % +% * Ignored under kpathsea % +% * The work directory is assumed for a default % + l~/tex4ht.dir/tex4ht.fls +% +% t4ht -d%%2 % +Mmv %%1 %%2%%3 +Ccp %%1 %%2%%3 +% t4ht -d%%2 -m%%1 % +Achmod %%1 %%2%%3 +% removed protection % +S* +% +<validatehtml> + .html xmllint --noout --valid --html %%1.html +</validatehtml> +<validate> + .xml xmllint --noout --valid %%1.xml + .html xmllint --noout --valid %%1.html + .css mycssparser %%1.css +</validate> + % +<oo> +%%% openoffice % +.4os mkdir sxw-%%0.dir +.4os mkdir sxw-%%0.dir/Pictures +.4os mv %%1.4os sxw-%%0.dir/settings.xml +.4os mv %%0.xml sxw-%%0.dir/content.xml +% % +.4om mkdir sxw-%%0.dir/%%1 +.4om mv %%1.4om sxw-%%0.dir/%%1/content.xml +.4om cp sxw-%%0.dir/settings.xml sxw-%%0.dir/%%1/settings.xml +% % +.4of mkdir sxw-%%0.dir/META-INF +.4of mv %%1.4of sxw-%%0.dir/META-INF/manifest.xml +% % +.4ot mv %%1.4ot sxw-%%0.dir/meta.xml +.4oy mv %%1.4oy sxw-%%0.dir/styles.xml +.4og cp -r %%1 sxw-%%0.dir/Pictures/%%1 +%-- sxw -- % +.4ox cd sxw-%%0.dir; zip -r %%0.sxw * ; cd .. +% % +.4ox mv sxw-%%0.dir/%%0.sxw . +% % +.4ox rm %%1.4ox +.4ox rm -r -f sxw-%%0.dir +%-- odt -- % +.4od cd sxw-%%0.dir; zip -r %%0.odt * ; cd .. +% % +.4od mv sxw-%%0.dir/%%0.odt . +% % +.4od rm %%1.4od +.4od rm -r -f sxw-%%0.dir +%%% end openoffice % +</oo> +% +<javahelp> +.jhm java -jar ${HOME}/jh2.0/javahelp/bin/jhindexer.jar -db %%0-doc/%%1-jhs %%1*.html +</javahelp> +<javahelp1> +.jhm java -jar ${HOME}/jh1.1.3/javahelp/bin/jhindexer.jar -db %%0-doc/%%1-jhs %%1*.html +</javahelp1> + +% end of file % + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/Makefile b/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b86298fa30d --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +include ../../english/texlive-en/Makefile diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/live.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/live.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..445e922748e --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/live.tex @@ -0,0 +1,3284 @@ +% $Id: live-ru.tex,v 1.10 2005/10/29 05:01:26 boris Exp $ $Author: boris $ $Date: 2005/10/29 05:01:26 $ +% +%\def\Status{1} +\documentclass{article} +\let\tldocrussian=1 % for live4ht.cfg +\usepackage{tex-live-rus} +\usepackage[koi8-r]{inputenc} +\usepackage[russian]{babel} +\newcommand\Unix{Unix} +\newcommand\Windows{Windows} +\usepackage{indentfirst} +\def\p.{ÓÔÒ.~}% +% +\begin{document} + +\title{% + {\huge \textit{òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Ï ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ \protect\TL{}}\\\strut} + {\LARGE \textsf{\TK{} 2005}} +} + +\author{òÅÄÁËÔÏÒÙ: óÅÂÁÓÔØÑÎ òÁÔà \& ëÁÒÌ âÅÒÒÉ\\[3mm] + \url{http://tug.org/texlive/}} +\date{îÏÑÂÒØ 2005} + + +\maketitle + +\begin{multicols}{2} +\tableofcontents +\listoftables +\end{multicols} + +\section{÷×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ} +\label{sec:intro} + +÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ ÐÒÏÄÕËÔÁ +\TL{} "---ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÏÍ \TeX{}Á É ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ ÄÌÑ +\acro{GNU}/ìÉÎÕËÓÁ É ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÔÉÐÁ Unix, \MacOSX, É +(32-ÂÉÔÏ×ÙÈ) Windows. (÷ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ: ÜÔÏÔ ÐÒÏÄÕËÔ ÎÅ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍ ÓÏ ÓÔÁÒÙÍÉ +íÁËÉÎÔÏÛÁÍÉ ÉÌÉ \acro{MS-DOS}). + +\TL{} ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÏÔËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ \TeX{}, \LaTeXe{}, \MF, +\MP, \BibTeX{} É ÍÎÏÇÉÅ ÄÒÕÇÉÅ; ÏÂÛÉÒÎÕÀ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÀ ÍÁËÒÏÓÏ×, ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× É +ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ; Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ ×£ÒÓÔËÉ ÎÁ ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÑÚÙËÁÈ ÍÉÒÁ. ïÎ +Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÞÁÓÔØÀ ÅÝ£ Â\'ÏÌØÛÅÊ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ \TK{} (ËÒÁÔËÏ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÏÊ ÎÉÖÅ × +ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ~\ref{sec:struct-tl}, \p.\pageref{sec:struct-tl}), ÓÏÚÄÁÎÎÏÊ +ÏÂßÅÄÉΣÎÎÙÍÉ ÕÓÉÌÉÑÍÉ ÇÒÕÐÐ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ \TeX a. + + + +âÏÌÅÅ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, ×ËÌÀÞ£ÎÎÙÈ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×, ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ × +ÁÒÈÉ×Å \acro{CTAN}, \url{http://www.ctan.org}. + +ëÒÁÔËÉÊ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ × ÜÔÏÍ ÉÚÄÁÎÉÉ \TeXLive{} ÍÏÖÎÏ +ÎÁÊÔÉ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ~\ref{sec:history}, \p.\pageref{sec:history} ËÏÎÃÅ +ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁ. + + +\subsection{ëÁË ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ \protect\TL{}} +\label{sec:basic} + +\TL{} ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÒÅÍÑ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁÍÉ: + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item íÏÖÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ Ó \TeXLive{} ÐÒÑÍÏ Ó \pkgname{live} \DVD{} (ÓÍ. + ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, \p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). + åÓÔÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ, ÐÒÉ ÜÔÏÍ ÐÏÞÔÉ ÎÅ ÔÒÁÔÉÔÓÑ ÍÅÓÔÏ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ, É ×Ù + ÎÅÍÅÄÌÅÎÎÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÅÔÅ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ ËÏ ×ÓÅÍÕ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Õ \TL{}. + òÁÚÕÍÅÅÔÓÑ, ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÍÅÄÌÅÎÎÅÅ, ÞÅÍ ÐÒÉ ÒÁÂÏÔÅ Ó + ÄÉÓËÁ, ÎÏ É ÜÔÁ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÏËÁÚÁÔØÓÑ ×ÐÏÌÎÅ + ÕÄÏ×ÌÅÔ×ÏÒÉÔÅÌØÎÏÊ. + +\item ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ \TL{} ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ ÉÌÉ ÞÁÓÔÉÞÎÏ ÎÁ ×ÁÛ ÄÉÓË. + üÔÏ ÓÁÍÙÊ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁΣÎÎÙÊ ÓÐÏÓÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ \TL. ÷ÁÍ + ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ 100 ÍÅÇÁÂÁÊÔÏ× × ÍÉÎÉÍÁÌØÎÏÍ ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÅ É 1.3 + ÇÉÇÁÂÁÊÔÁ É ×ÙÛÅ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ. + +\item ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌ£ÎÎÙÊ ÐÁËÅÔ ÉÌÉ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÀ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× × + ×ÁÛ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÊ \TeX{}: ÌÉÂÏ × ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÕÀ ÒÁÎÅÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ + \TL{}, ÌÉÂÏ × ÄÒÕÇÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ. + +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent ÷Ó£ ÜÔÏ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ, +ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÅÇÏÓÑ Ë ×ÁÛÅÊ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ. ÷ËÒÁÔÃÅ: +\begin{itemize*} +\item ïÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÄÌÑ àÎÉËÓÁ É \MacOSX{}: + \texttt{install-tl.sh}; +\item óËÒÉÐÔ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÁËÅÔÁ: \texttt{install-pkg.sh}; +\item ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÄÌÑ Windows \texttt{tlpmgui.exe}. ïÎÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ + ÂÙÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÁ ÄÌÑ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÉÌÉ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×. + óÍ. ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÅ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ~\ref{sec:win-install} ÎÉÖÅ. +\end{itemize*} + + +\subsection{çÄÅ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ} +\label{sec:help} + +óÏÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ \TeX{}Á ÁËÔÉ×ÎÏ É ÄÒÕÖÅÌÀÂÎÏ, É ÐÒÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ +ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÙÊ ÓÅÒØ£ÚÎÙÊ ×ÏÐÒÏÓ ÎÁÊÄ£ÔÓÑ ÏÔ×ÅÔ. ïÄÎÁËÏ ÜÔÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ +ÎÅÆÏÒÍÁÌØÎÁ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÄÏÂÒÏ×ÏÌØÃÁÍÉ, É ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÏÞÅÎØ ×ÁÖÎÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ +×Ù ÓÁÍÉ ÐÏÐÒÏÂÏ×ÁÌÉ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÏÔ×ÅÔ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ, ËÁË ÚÁÄÁ×ÁÔØ ×ÏÐÒÏÓ. (åÓÌÉ +×Ù ÐÒÅÄÐÏÞÉÔÁÅÔÅ ËÏÍÍÅÒÞÅÓËÕÀ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ×ÁÍ ÓÔ\'ÏÉÔ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ +\TL{} ËÕÐÉÔØ ÏÄÎÕ ÉÚ ËÏÍÍÅÒÞÅÓËÉÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ \TeX{}Á, ÓÍ. ÓÐÉÓÏË ÐÏ +ÁÄÒÅÓÕ \url{http://tug.org/interest.html#vendors} for a list). + +÷ÏÔ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÉÓÔÏÞÎÉËÏ× ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ, ÐÒÉÂÌÉÚÉÔÅÌØÎÏ × ÔÏÍ ÐÏÒÑÄËÅ, × +ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ ÍÙ ÐÒÅÄÌÁÇÁÅÍ Ë ÎÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÔØÓÑ: + +\begin{description} + +\item[óÔÒÁÎÉÃÁ ÄÌÑ ÎÏ×ÉÞËÏ×] åÓÌÉ ×Ù "---ÎÏ×ÉÞÏË, ÔÏ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÁ + \url{http://tug.org/begin.html} ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÓÌÕÖÉÔØ ÄÌÑ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ. + +\item [\TeX{} \acro{FAQ}] \TeX{} \acro{FAQ} (þÁ÷Ï, ÞÁÓÔÏ ÚÁÄÁ×ÁÅÍÙÅ + ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ) "---ÏÇÒÏÍÎÁÑ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÑ ÏÔ×ÅÔÏ× ÎÁ ×ÓÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÅ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ, ÏÔ + ÓÁÍÙÈ ÐÒÏÓÔÙÈ ÄÏ ÓÁÍÙÈ ÓÌÏÖÎÙÈ. áÎÇÌÉÊÓËÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ þÁ÷Ï ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ + \TL{} × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en} É ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÁ × + éÎÔÅÒÎÅÔÅ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÕ \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq}. ðÏÖÁÌÕÊÓÔÁ, + ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÏÔ×ÅÔ ÎÁ Ó×ÏÊ ×ÏÐÒÏÓ ÔÁÍ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ, ËÁË ÚÁÄÁ×ÁÔØ + ÅÇÏ × ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÓÔ×ÁÈ. + +\item [\TeX{} Catalogue] åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÝÅÔÅ ËÁËÏÊ-ÌÉÂÏ ÐÁËÅÔ, ÛÒÉÆÔ, + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ É Ô.Ð., ÔÏ ×ÁÍ ÓÔÏÉÔ ÚÁÇÌÑÎÕÔØ × \TeX{} Catalogue. üÔÏ + ÏÇÒÏÍÎÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ ×ÓÅÇÏ, ÞÔÏ ÏÔÎÏÓÉÔÓÑ Ë \TeX{}Õ. óÍ. + \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/catalogue} ÉÌÉ + \url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue}. + +\item [\TeX{} ×Ï ×ÓÅÍÉÒÎÏÊ ÐÁÕÔÉÎÅ] ÷ÏÔ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÞËÁ, ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÍÎÏÇÏ + ÓÓÙÌÏË ÐÏ \TeX{}Õ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ ÍÎÏÇÏÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÅ ËÎÉÇÉ, ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á É + ÓÔÁÔØÉ: \url{http://tug.org/interest.html}. + +\item [áÒÈÉ×Ù ÓÐÉÓËÏ× ÒÁÓÓÙÌËÉ É ÇÒÕÐÐ] ä×Á ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÊ ÆÏÒÕÍÁ + ÔÅÈÎÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ "---ÇÒÕÐÐÁ \url{news:comp.text.tex} É ÓÐÉÓÏË + ÒÁÓÓÙÌËÉ \email{texhax@tug.org}. ÷ ÉÈ ÁÒÈÉ×ÁÈ ÔÙÓÑÞÉ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÏ× É + ÏÔ×ÅÔÏ× ÎÁ ×ÓÅ ÓÌÕÞÁÉ ÖÉÚÎÉ. óÍ. + \url{http://groups.google.com/groups?group=comp.text.tex} É + \url{http://tug.org/mail-archives/texhax}. ðÏÉÓË, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, × çÕÇÌÅ + \url{http://google.com} ÔÏÖÅ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÐÏÍÏÇÁÅÔ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÏÔ×ÅÔ. + +\item [ðÕÂÌÉËÁÃÉÑ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÏ×] åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÏÔ×ÅÔÁ ÎÁ ×ÁÛ + ×ÏÐÒÏÓ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÏÐÕÂÌÉËÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÏÐÒÏÓ × \dirname{comp.text.tex} ÐÒÉ + ÐÏÍÏÝÉ Google ÉÌÉ ×ÁÛÅÊ ÌÀÂÉÍÏÊ ÎÏ×ÏÓÔÎÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ, ÉÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÁ× + ÐÉÓØÍÏ × \email{texhax@tug.org}. îÏ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÜÔÉÍ \emph{ÐÏÖÁÌÕÊÓÔÁ} + ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ × þÁ÷Ï ÓÏ×ÅÔ Ï ÔÏÍ, ËÁË ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ÚÁÄÁ×ÁÔØ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ × ÜÔÉÈ + ÆÏÒÕÍÁÈ: + \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=askquestion}. + +\item [ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ \TL{}] åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÉÔØ Ï ÂÁÇÅ ÉÌÉ + ÓÏÏÂÝÉÔØ ÎÁÍ Ó×ÏÉ ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ É ÚÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÑ Ï ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å \TL{}, + ÅÇÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÉÌÉ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ, ÐÉÛÉÔÅ ÎÁ ÌÉÓÔ ÒÁÓÓÙÌËÉ + \email{tex-live@tug.org}. ïÄÎÁËÏ ÅÓÌÉ ×ÁÛ ×ÏÐÒÏÓ ËÁÓÁÅÔÓÑ + ËÏÎËÒÅÔÎÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ, ×ÈÏÄÑÝÅÊ × \TL{}, ×ÁÍ ÌÕÞÛÅ ÚÁÄÁ×ÁÔØ + ×ÏÐÒÏÓ٠ţ Á×ÔÏÒÕ ÉÌÉ ÐÏÓÙÌÁÔØ ÉÈ ÎÁ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÓÐÉÓÏË + ÒÁÓÓÙÌËÉ. + +\item[òÕÓÓËÏÑÚÙÞÎÙÅ ÒÅÓÕÒÓÙ] \emph{(ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÏ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÞÉËÏÍ)} + üÈÏËÏÎÆÅÒÅÎÃÉÑ \dirname{ru.tex} ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÁ ËÁË × ÓÅÔÉ æéäï, ÔÁË É × + éÎÔÅÒÎÅÔÅ (ËÁË \url{news:fido7.ru.tex}). òÕÓÓËÉÅ ÇÒÕÐÐÙ æéäï ÍÏÖÎÏ + ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁÈ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ \code{demos.ddt.su}. ÷ FAQ + ÜÔÏÊ ÇÒÕÐÐÙ (Á×ÔÏÒ: íÉÈÁÉÌ ëÏÌÏÄÉÎ) ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÍÎÏÇÏ ÓÓÙÌÏË ÎÁ + ÒÕÓÓËÏÑÚÙÞÎÙÅ ÒÅÓÕÒÓÙ. + +\end{description} + +ó ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÙ, ×Ù ÓÁÍÉ ÔÏÖÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÏÍÏÞØ ÔÅÍ, Õ ËÏÇÏ ÅÓÔØ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ. +é \dirname{comp.text.tex}, É \code{texhax}, É \dirname{fido7.ru.tex} +ÏÔËÒÙÔÙ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ×Ù ÔÏÖÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÉÓÏÅÄÉÎÉÔØÓÑ, ÞÉÔÁÔØ É +ÐÏÍÏÇÁÔØ ÄÒÕÇÉÍ. äÏÂÒÏ ÐÏÖÁÌÏ×ÁÔØ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ +\TeX{}! + + +% don't use \TL so the \uppercase in the headline works. Also so +% tex4ht ends up with the right TeX. Likewise the \protect's. + +\section{óÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ \protect\TeX\protect\ Live} +\label{sec:struct-tl} + +üÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÕ É ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÎÉÅ \TK{} É ÅÇÏ ÓÏÓÔÁ×ÎÏÊ +ÞÁÓÔÉ \TL{}. + + +\subsection{äÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Ù: \protect\pkgname{live}, + \protect\pkgname{inst}, \protect\pkgname{protext}} +\label{sec:multiple-dist} + +ïÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÑ ÎÁ ÏÂß£Í \acro{CD-ROM} ÚÁÓÔÁ×ÉÌÉ ÎÁÓ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔØ \TL{} ÎÁ +ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Ï×: + +\begin{description} + +\item [live] ÐÏÌÎÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ + ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ Ó \acro{DVD} ÉÌÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÎÁ ÄÉÓË; ÏÎÁ ÞÅÒÅÓÞÕÒ + ×ÅÌÉËÁ ÄÌÑ \acro{CD}. ÷ \DVD{} ÔÁËÖÅ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ËÏÐÉÑ ÁÒÈÉ×Á \CTAN{}, + ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× \pkgname{protext} ÄÌÑ Windows, ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× Mac\TeX\ ÄÌÑ + \MacOSX, "---~×ÓÅ ÜÔÉ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙ ÏÔ \TL{}, Á ÔÁËÖÅ + ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \texttt{texmf-extra}. + + ìÉÃÅÎÚÉÉ ÎÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ \CTAN{}, \pkgname{protext}, Mac\TeX\ É + \texttt{texmf-extra} ÏÔÌÉÞÁÀÔÓÑ ÏÔ ÌÉÃÅÎÚÉÉ ÎÁ \TL{}, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÂÕÄØÔÅ + ×ÎÉÍÁÔÅÌØÎÙ ÐÒÉ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÉÉ ÉÌÉ ÍÏÄÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ × + ÜÔÉ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Ù. + +\item [inst(allable)] ÐÏÌÎÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÎÁ \CD; ÞÔÏÂÙ ÏÎÁ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÌÁÓØ, ÍÙ + ÓÖÁÌÉ ×Ó£, ÞÔÏ ÍÏÇÌÉ. ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ \TeX{}ÏÍ + ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ Ó ÜÔÏÇÏ \CD; ×ÁÍ ÐÒÉÄ£ÔÓÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÅÇÏ ÎÁ ÄÉÓË + ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁ (ÏÔÓÀÄÁ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á). õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÁ + × ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁÈ. + + +\item[protext] ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÎÙÊ ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ \MIKTEX\ ÄÌÑ Windows. + \ProTeXt\ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ × ÓÅÂÑ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ É ÕÐÒÏÝ£ÎÎÕÀ + ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ. ïÎ ÎÅ ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÔ ÏÔ \TL{} É ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÅ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ + ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ. åÇÏ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ Ó \CD/\DVD\ ÉÌÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÎÁ ×ÁÛ + ÄÉÓË. óÔÒÁÎÉÃÁ \ProTeXt\ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ×ÏÔ ÔÕÔ: + \url{http://tug.org/protext}. + + \ProTeXt\ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ É ÎÁ live \DVD, É ÎÁ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏÍ \CD{} (ÄÌÑ ÔÅÈ, + ËÔÏ ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ \DVD). + +\end{description} + +\noindent ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔØ, ËÁËÏÊ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× ÐÅÒÅÄ ×ÁÍÉ, +ÐÏÓÍÏÔÒÅ× ÎÁ ÆÁÊÌ \texttt{00\var{type}.TL} × ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÊ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ. ÷ +ÜÔÏÍ ÆÁÊÌÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÔÁËÖÅ ÄÁÔÁ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ \TL. + +åÓÔÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ, ËÁÖÄÁÑ ÇÒÕÐÐÁ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ \TeX Á ÓÁÍÁ ×ÙÂÉÒÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ÅÊ +ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÑÔØ (ÞÌÅÎÙ \acro{TUG} ÐÏÌÕÞÁÔ ×ÓÅ ÔÒÉ ÄÉÓËÁ). + + + +\subsection{ëÏÒÎÅ×ÙÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ} +\label{sec:tld} + +÷ÏÔ ËÒÁÔËÏÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÅ ËÏÒÎÅ×ÙÈ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å \TL{}. îÁ +\pkgname{live} \DVD ×ÓÑ ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÑ \TL{} ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÁ × ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ +\dirname{texlive2005}, Á ÎÅ × ËÏÒÅÎØ ÄÉÓËÁ. + +\smallskip +\begingroup + \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} % open up interrow spacing +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}lp{.78\hsize}} + bin & ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ \TeX{}, ÓÇÒÕÐÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÐÏ + ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÁÍ \\ + source & éÓÈÏÄÎÙÊ ËÏÄ ×ÓÅÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Ù \Webc{} + \TeX{} É \MF{}. ïÎÉ ÈÒÁÎÑÔÓÑ × ÓÖÁÔÏÍ ÁÒÈÉ×Å (\cmdname{tar-bzip2}). \\ + support & òÁÚÎÙÅ ×ÓÐÏÍÏÇÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ É ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ. ïÎÉ + \emph{ÎÅ} ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. óÀÄÁ ÏÔÎÏÓÑÔÓÑ + ÒÁÚÎÏÏÂÒÁÚÎÙÅ ÒÅÄÁËÔÏÒÙ É ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÉ ÄÌÑ \TeX{}Á. \\ + texmf & äÅÒÅ×Ï ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ÉÈ ×ÓÐÏÍÏÇÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× É + ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ. \emph{îÅ} ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ× É ÐÁËÅÔÏ× \TeX Á \\ + texmf-dist & ïÓÎÏ×ÎÏÅ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ× É ÐÁËÅÔÏ×. \\ + texmf-doc & äÅÒÅ×Ï ÓÁÍÏÓÔÏÑÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ, ÎÅ ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÅÊÓÑ Ë + ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÍ ÐÁËÅÔÁÍ É ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍ, ÓÇÒÕÐÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÅ ÐÏ ÑÚÙËÁÍ. \\ + texmf-var & äÅÒÅ×Ï Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÅÍÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× + (\texttt{TEXMFDIST} × ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ). \\ + xemtex & äÅÒÅ×Ï ×ÓÐÏÍÏÇÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ + ÄÌÑ Windows. üÔÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÕÖÅ ÅÓÔØ ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ ÔÉÐÁ Unix, + ÉÌÉ, ÐÏ ËÒÁÊÎÅÊ ÍÅÒÅ, ÉÈ ÔÁÍ ÌÅÇËÏ ÓËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ. \\ +\end{tabular} +\endgroup + +\smallskip + +ëÒÏÍÅ ÜÔÉÈ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ, × ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÊ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ +ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ É ÆÁÊÌÙ \filename{README} (ÎÁ ÒÁÚÎÙÈ ÑÚÙËÁÈ). + +îÏ×ÁÑ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ \dirname{texmf-doc} ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ, ÎÏ +ÏÎÁ ÎÅ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ×ÓÀ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ. äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ Ë ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍ +(ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á, man, info) ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \dirname{texmf/doc}, +ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \dirname{texmf}. +áÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÏ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ ÄÌÑ ÍÁËÒÏÐÁËÅÔÏ× É ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ× ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × +ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \dirname{texmf-dist/doc}. äÌÑ ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ ÍÏÖÎÏ +×ÏÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ \cmdname{texdoc} ÉÌÉ \cmdname{texdoctk}. +íÏÖÎÏ ÔÁËÖÅ ×ÏÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍÉ × ÆÁÊÌÅ \OnCD{doc.html}. + +\subsection{ïÐÉÓÁÎÉÅ ÄÅÒÅ×ØÅ× texmf} +\label{sec:texmftrees} + +÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ ×ÓÅ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ, ÚÁÄÁÀÝÉÅ ÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÉÅ ÄÅÒÅ×ØÅ× +texmf É ÉÈ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. ëÏÍÁÎÄÁ \texttt{texconfig conf} +ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÔÅËÕÝÉÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÜÔÉÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÌÅÇËÏ +ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉÔØ, ÇÄÅ ÜÔÉ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ × ×ÁÛÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXMFMAIN] äÅÒÅ×Ï, ÇÄÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ÞÁÓÔÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, + ÔÁËÉÅ, ËÁË ×ÓÐÏÍÏÇÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, + \verb+web2c/mktexdir+), ÆÁÊÌÙ ÓÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑÍÉ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÙÈ ËÏÎÓÔÁÎÔ É + ÄÒÕÇÉÅ. +\item [TEXMFDIST] äÅÒÅ×Ï Ó ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÍ ÎÁÂÏÒÏÍ ÍÁËÒÏÐÁËÅÔÏ×, ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× É + Ô.Ä. × ÐÅÒ×ÏÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ. +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] äÅÒÅ×Ï, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÏ + ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÁÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÄÌÑ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÉÌÉ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, + ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× É Ô.Ä. +\item [TEXMFHOME] äÅÒÅ×Ï, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ + ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÈ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÉÌÉ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, + ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× É Ô.Ä. üÔÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÔ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÏÔ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ + \verb+$HOME+, % $ + Ó×ÏÅÊ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ. +\item [TEXMFCONFIG] üÔÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁÍÉ + \verb+texconfig+, \verb+updmap+ É \verb+fmtutil+ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ te\TeX{} + ÄÌÑ ÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ. ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ + ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \verb+$HOME+. %$ +\item [TEXMFSYSCONFIG] üÔÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁÍÉ + \verb+texconfig-sys+, \verb+updmap-sys+ É \verb+fmtutil-sys+ + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ te\TeX{} ÄÌÑ ÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× + ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ, ÏÂÝÉÈ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ. +\item [TEXMFVAR] üÔÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁÍÉ \verb+texconfig+, + \verb+updmap+ É \verb+fmtutil+ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ te\TeX{} ÄÌÑ ÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ + ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÅÍÙÈ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×: ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ×, ËÁÒÔ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×. ðÏ + ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \verb+$HOME+. %$ +\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] üÔÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁÍÉ + \verb+texconfig-sys+, \verb+updmap-sys+ É \verb+fmtutil-sys+ + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ te\TeX{} ÄÌÑ ÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÅÍÙÈ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×: + ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ×, ËÁÒÔ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×, "---~ÏÂÝÉÈ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ. +\end{ttdescription} + +âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÅ ÏÂÓÕÖÄÅÎÉÅ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ \texttt{texconfig} É ÒÏÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÈ ÅÊ +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ \ref{sec:texconfig}, +\p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}. + +\subsection{òÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑ \protect\TeX{}Á} +\label{sec:tex-extensions} + +÷ ÓÏÓÔÁ× \TL{} ×ÈÏÄÉÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÊ \TeX{}Á: + +\begin{description} + +\item [\eTeX] ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÎÅÂÏÌØÛÏÊ, ÎÏ ÏÞÅÎØ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÐÒÉÍÉÔÉ×Ï× +\label{text:etex} +(ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÊÓÑ Ë ÍÁËÒÏÐÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁÍ, ÞÔÅÎÉÀ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×, ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÍ +×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÑÍ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ É ÍÎÏÇÏÍÕ ÄÒÕÇÏÍÕ) É ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑ \TeXXeT{} ÄÌÑ +×£ÒÓÔËÉ ÓÐÒÁ×Á ÎÁÌÅ×Ï É ÓÌÅ×Á ÎÁÐÒÁ×Ï. ÷ ÏÂÙÞÎÏÍ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ \eTeX{} ÎÁ +100\% ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍ ÓÏ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÍ\TeX{}ÏÍ. óÍ. +\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/etex_man.pdf}. + +\item [pdf\TeX] ÓÏÚÄÁ£Ô É ÆÁÊÌÙ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ Acrobat PDF, É ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÅ + \dvi{}. õ ÐÁËÅÔÁ \pkgname{hyperref} ÄÌÑ \LaTeX{}Á ÅÓÔØ ÏÐÃÉÑ + <<\optname{pdftex}>>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ×ÓÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÜÔÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ. + óÍ. + \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/} É + \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual/samplepdf/samplepdf.tex}. + +\item[pdfe\TeX] ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÑÅÔ pdf\TeX{} É \eTeX. üÔÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÐÏ + ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ×, ËÒÏÍÅ plain + \TeX. óÍ. ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ ×ÙÛÅ. + +\item [\OMEGA\ (ïÍÅÇÁ)] ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÁ ÎÁ Unicode (ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ 16-ÂÉÔÏ×ÙÈ + ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×), ÞÔÏ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÏÄÎÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ ÐÏÞÔÉ ÓÏ ×ÓÅÍÉ + ÐÉÓØÍÅÎÎÏÓÔÑÍÉ ÍÉÒÁ. ïÎÁ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÔÁË ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÍÙÊ <<ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ + ÔÒÁÎÓÌÑÃÉÉ \OMEGA{}>> (\acro{OTP}s) ÄÌÑ ÓÌÏÖÎÙÈ ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÊ + ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÏÇÏ ×ÈÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÔÏËÁ. óÍ. + \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/omega/base/doc-1.8.tex} (ÔÅËÓÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÕÓÔÁÒÅÌ). + + +\item[Aleph] ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÑÅÔ \OMEGA\ É \eTeX. óÍ. ËÒÁÔËÕÀ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ × + \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base}. + +\end{description} + + +\subsection{äÒÕÇÉÅ ÉÎÔÅÒÅÓÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å \protect\TL} + +÷ÏÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å \TL{}: + +\begin{cmddescription} + +\item [bibtex] ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÇÒÁÆÉÊ. + +\item [makeindex] ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÁÌÆÁ×ÉÔÎÙÈ ÕËÁÚÁÔÅÌÅÊ. + +\item [dvips] ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ \dvi{} × \PS{}. + +\item [xdvi] ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÁ \dvi{} ÄÌÑ X Window System. + +\item [dvilj] ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ ÄÌÑ ÌÁÚÅÒÎÙÈ ÐÒÉÎÔÅÒÏ× ÓÅÍÅÊÓÔ×Á HP LaserJet. + +\item [dv2dt, dt2dv] ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ \dvi{} × ÔÅËÓÔ É ÏÂÒÁÔÎÏ. + +\item [dviconcat, dviselect] ÐÅÒÅÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃ × ÆÁÊÌÁÈ \dvi{}. + +\item [dvipdfm] ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ \dvi{} × PDF, ÁÌØÔÅÒÎÁÔÉ×Á + pdf\TeX{}Õ, ÕÐÏÍÑÎÕÔÏÍÕ ×ÙÛÅ. ðÁËÅÔÙ \pkgname{ps4pdf} É +\pkgname{pdftricks} ÐÒÅÄÌÁÇÁÀÔ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ. + +\item [psselect, psnup, \ldots] ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ ÄÌÑ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁ \PS{}. + +\item [lacheck] ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÁ ÓÉÎÔÁËÓÉÓÁ \LaTeX{}Á. + +\item [texexec] ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒ ÄÌÑ Con\TeX{}tÁ É PDF. + +\item [tex4ht] ËÏÎ×ÅÒÔÅÒ ÉÚ \TeX{}Á × HTML. + +\end{cmddescription} + + +\section{õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ ÔÉÐÁ \protect\Unix} +\label{sec:unix-install} + +ëÁË ÏÂßÑÓÎÑÅÔÓÑ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ~\ref{sec:basic}, \p.~\pageref{sec:basic}, +\TL{} ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÒÅÍÑ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁÍÉ: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item ÷ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ Ó ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÏÇÏ ÄÉÓËÁ. +\item õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÎÁ ÄÉÓË ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁ. +\item éÎÔÅÇÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÁËÅÔ ÉÌÉ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÀ × ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ \TeX. +\end{enumerate} + +\noindent ÷ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁÈ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ËÁÖÄÙÊ ÉÚ ÜÔÉÈ +ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏ× ÄÌÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÔÉÐÁ Unix. + +\ifSingleColumn \begin{figure}[ht]\noindent \fi +\begin{warningbox} + \textbf{÷ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ: } \CD{} É \DVD{} \TK{} ÉÚÇÏÔÏ×ÌÅÎÙ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ ISO + 9660 (High Sierra), \emph{×ËÌÀÞÁÑ} ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑ Rock Ridge (É Joliet + ÄÌÑ Windows). ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÄÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ \TK{}, + ×ÁÛÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑ Rock Ridge. ðÏÖÁÌÕÊÓÔÁ, + ÐÏÓÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ Ë ËÏÍÁÎÄÅ \cmdname{mount} ÄÌÑ ×ÁÛÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ + É ×ÙÑÓÎÉÔÅ, ËÁË ÜÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ. åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÍÁÛÉÎ × ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÊ + ÓÅÔÉ, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ, ×ÁÍ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÒÏÝÅ ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ \CD{} ÎÁ ÍÁÛÉÎÅ, + ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ Rock Ridge, É ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ Å£ Ó ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÈ. + + \leavevmode\quad óÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÎÙ ÞÉÔÁÔØ + \CD{} ÂÅÚ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ. åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ×ÏÚÎÉËÌÉ ÔÒÕÄÎÏÓÔÉ, ÓÏÏÂÝÉÔÅ ÎÁÍ. + äÁÌØÎÅÊÛÉÊ ÔÅËÓÔ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ×ÁÍ ÕÄÁÌÏÓØ ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ \CD{} Ó + ÐÏÌÎÏÊ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔØÀ Ó Rock Ridge. +\end{warningbox} +\ifSingleColumn\end{figure}\fi + + +% +\subsection{òÁÂÏÔÁ Ó \protect\TL{} ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ Ó + ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÄÉÓËÁ (\Unix)} + +\def\runlive{% text repeated in windows section + ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ \TeX{} ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ Ó \pkgname{live} + \DVD{}, ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÑ ÅÇÏ ÎÁ ×ÁÛ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ. (óÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ, ÏÔÓÀÄÁ + ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅ <<\TL>>.) ïÄÎÁËÏ \emph{ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ} ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ \TeX{} + Ó ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÄÉÓËÏ× ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ (ÓÍ. + ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, \p.~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). +} + + +\def\startinst{% repeated in other subsections + óÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÎÁÍ ÎÁÄÏ ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ \CD{} ÉÌÉ \DVD{} Ó ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑÍÉ Rock + Ridge. ëÁË ÉÍÅÎÎÏ ÜÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ, ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÔ ÏÔ ×ÁÛÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ; ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ + ÎÉÖÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÔ ÄÌÑ ìÉÎÕËÓÁ, ÈÏÔÑ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á + (\filename{/dev/cdrom}) ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÄÒÕÇÉÍ. (÷ÓÅ ÎÁÛÉ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÙ + ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ \texttt{>} × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ; ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ, + ÎÁÂÉÒÁÅÍÙÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ, \Ucom{\texttt{ÐÏÄÞ£ÒËÎÕÔÙ}}.): +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent ôÅÐÅÒØ ÎÕÖÎÏ ÐÅÒÅÊÔÉ × ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÕÀ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd /mnt/cdrom} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent ÷ \MacOSX{} ÎÕÖÎÁÑ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ +\dirname{/Volumes}, É ÄÉÓË ÍÏÎÔÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ. +} + +\def\installtlsh{ +÷ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ ÓËÒÉÐÔ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ \filename{install-tl.sh}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +Welcome to TeX Live... +\end{alltt} + +\noindent ðÏÓÌÅ ÒÁÚÎÏÏÂÒÁÚÎÙÈ ÓÔÁÒÔÏ×ÙÈ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ É ÓÐÉÓËÁ ÏÐÃÉÊ +ÇÌÁ×ÎÏÇÏ ÍÅÎÀ, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÊ ÓËÒÉÐÔ ÐÏÐÒÏÓÉÔ ×ÁÓ ××ÅÓÔÉ +ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ. óÄÅÌÁÊÔÅ ÜÔÏ, ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁ× ÎÕÖÎÕÀ ÂÕË×Õ É ÎÁÖÁ× \acro{RETURN}; ÎÅ +ÐÅÞÁÔÁÊÔÅ ÕÇÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓËÏÂÏË. íÏÖÎÏ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÚÁÇÌÁ×ÎÕÀ ÉÌÉ ÓÔÒÏÞÎÕÀ ÂÕË×Õ; +× ÐÒÉÍÅÒÁÈ ÎÉÖÅ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÓÔÒÏÞÎÙÅ ÂÕË×Ù. +} + +\runlive +\startinst +\installtlsh + +þÔÏÂÙ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÐÒÑÍÏ Ó ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á, ÐÅÒ×ÏÊ ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÂÙÔØ +\Ucom{d}, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ ÐÏÄËÏÍÁÎÄÁ \Ucom{1}, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ. +äÁÖÅ × ÜÔÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÍÙ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ ÎÁ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÍ ÄÉÓËÅ, +ÞÔÏÂÙ ËÌÁÓÔØ ÔÕÄÁ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ \TeX{} ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÕÅÔ ÓÁÍ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, +ÛÒÉÆÔÙ É ÆÏÒÍÁÔÙ, Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÉÚÍÅΣÎÎÙÅ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÅÓÌÉ × +ÎÉÈ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏÓÔØ. + +÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÅ ÍÙ ÂÕÄÅÍ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ \dirname{/opt/texlive2005}. +ðÏÌÅÚÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÎÏÍÅÒ ÇÏÄÁ × ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÉ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ +ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÓÏÚÄÁÎÎÙÅ ÒÁÚÎÙÍÉ ×ÅÒÓÉÑÍÉ \TL{}, ÎÅ ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙ. +(åÓÌÉ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005} ×ÁÍ +ÐÏÄÈÏÄÉÔ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÜÔÏÔ ÛÁÇ.) + +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{d} +Current directories setup: +<1> TEXDIR: /usr/local/texlive/2005 +... +Enter command: \Ucom{1} +New value for TEXDIR [/usr/local/texlive/2005]: \Ucom{/opt/texlive2005} +... +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +\end{alltt} + +\noindent íÙ ÓÎÏ×Á × ÇÌÁ×ÎÏÍ ÍÅÎÀ. óÌÅÄÕÀÝÁÑ É ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÑÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ +ÂÕÄÅÔ \Ucom{r}, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó +ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á, ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÎÁ ÄÉÓË: +\begin{alltt} +Enter command: \Ucom{r} +Preparing destination directories... +... +Welcome to the TeX Live system! +> +\end{alltt} + +\noindent é, ËÁË ÐÏËÁÚÁÎÏ ×ÙÛÅ, ÍÙ ÏÐÑÔØ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÍ ÛÅÌÌÅ. + +ôÅÐÅÒØ ÍÙ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ Ä×Å ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ: \envname{PATH}, × +ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó ×ÁÛÅÊ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÏÊ, (ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÓÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ), É \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR}, × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÍ ×ÙÛÅ +ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅÍ. óÍ. ÓÐÉÓÏË ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÊ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ × +ÔÁÂÌÉÃÅ~\ref{tab:archlist}. + +\def\textruntexconfig{% + ðÏÓÌÅ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÉÑ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ + ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ, ÓÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ \cmdname{texconfig} ÉÌÉ + \cmdname{texconfig-sys}, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÏÄÏÇÎÁÔØ ×ÁÛÕ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÐÏÄ ×ÁÛÉ + ÎÕÖÄÙ. üÔÏ ÏÂßÑÓÎÑÅÔÓÑ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ~\ref{sec:texconfig} ÎÁ + ÓÔÒ.~\pageref{sec:texconfig}. +} +\textruntexconfig + + +\begin{table*}[ht] +\caption[ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÅ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ.]{ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÅ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ.} +\label{tab:archlist} +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll} +alpha-linux & HP Alpha GNU/Linux \\ +%alphaev5-osf4.0d & HP Alphaev5 OSF \\ +%alphaev5-osf4.0d & Compaq Alphaev5 OSF \\ +%hppa2.0-hpux10.20 & HP9000 HPUX 10.20 \\ +i386-darwin & Intel x86 \MacOSX \\ +i386-freebsd & Intel x86 FreeBSD \\ +i386-linux & Intel x86 GNU/Linux \\ +%i386-openbsd3.3 & Intel x86 OpenBSD \\ +%i386-solaris2.8 & Intel x86 Solaris \\ +mips-irix & SGI IRIX \\ +powerpc-aix & IBM RS/6000 AIX \\ +powerpc-darwin & PowerPC \MacOSX \\ +sparc-linux & Sun Sparc GNU/Linux \\ +sparc-solaris & Sun Sparc Solaris \\ +win32 & Windows (32-bit) \\ +x86\_64-linux & Intel x86 64-bit GNU/Linux \\ +\hline +\end{tabular} +\end{table*} + +\label{text:path} +óÉÎÔÁËÓÉÓ ÚÁÄÁÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ, É ÆÁÊÌ, ËÕÄÁ ËÌÁÓÔØ +ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ, ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÔ ÏÔ ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ÛÅÌÌÁ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù +ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ÛÅÌÌ ÔÉÐÁ Bourne (\cmdname{sh}, \cmdname{bash}, +\cmdname{ksh}, É Ô.Ð.), ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ Ë ×ÁÛÅÍÕ \filename{$HOME/.profile} +ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÅ: +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH; export PATH +TEXMFSYSVAR=/opt/texlive2005/texmf-var; export VARTEXMF +\end{alltt} + +\noindent äÌÑ ÛÅÌÌÏ× ÔÉÐÁ C shell (\cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}), +ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ Ë ×ÁÛÅÍÕ \filename{$HOME/.cshrc} ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÅ: +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /mnt/cdrom/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH +setenv TEXMFSYSVAR /opt/texlive2005/texmf-var +\end{alltt} + +\noindent ôÅÐÅÒØ ×ÙÊÄÉÔÅ ÉÚ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ×ÏÊÄÉÔÅ × ÎÅ£ ÏÐÑÔØ É ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ +ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ +(ÓÍ. ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sec:test-install}, \p.\pageref{sec:test-install}). + + +\def\textifindoubt{% +åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÞÔÏ-ÔÏ ÎÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÅÔÓÑ, ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ ÓÐÒÏÓÉÔØ ÓÏ×ÅÔÁ Õ +ÂÌÉÖÁÊÛÉÈ ÇÕÒÕ; ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ËÁË ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× \TL{}, +ËÁËÕÀ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ ÉÌÉ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ, É ËÁË ÉÍÅÎÎÏ ÍÅÎÑÔØ ×ÁÛÉ +ÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÉÎÉÃÉÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ × ×ÁÛÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ. +} +\textifindoubt + + +% +\subsection{õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ \protect\TeX\protect\ Live ÎÁ ÄÉÓË} +\label{sec:unix-install-disk} + +÷ÐÏÌÎÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ (ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ, ËÁË ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ, ÉÍÅÎÎÏ ÜÔÏ É ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ) +ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ \TL{} ÎÁ ÄÉÓË. üÔÏ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ Ó ÄÉÓËÁ +\pkgname{live} ÉÌÉ \pkgname{inst} (óÍ. ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÅ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Ï× × +ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, \p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). + +\startinst +\installtlsh + +óÐÉÓÏË ÐÕÎËÔÏ× × ÇÌÁ×ÎÏÍ ÍÅÎÀ ÕËÁÚÁÎ × +ÔÁÂÌÉÃÅ~\ref{tab:main-menu-options}. ðÏÒÑÄÏË, × ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ ×Ù ×ÙÂÉÒÁÅÔÅ +ÐÕÎËÔÙ, ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÅ×ÁÖÅÎ, ËÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏ ÐÕÎËÔ \Ucom{i} ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ +ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÍ. õÄÏÂÎÏ ×Ó£ ÖÅ ×ÙÂÉÒÁÔØ ÉÈ × ÐÏÒÑÄËÅ, ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÍ ÎÉÖÅ. + +% apparently here.sty [H] doesn't support table*. +\begin{table}[H] +\caption{ïÐÃÉÉ ÇÌÁ×ÎÏÇÏ ÍÅÎÀ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.} +\label{tab:main-menu-options} +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll} +p & ðÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÁ, ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ.\\ +b & áÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÁ, ÄÌÑ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ.\\ +s & ïÓÎÏ×ÎÁÑ ÓÈÅÍÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ (ÍÉÎÉÍÁÌØÎÁÑ, ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÏ×ÁÎÎÁÑ, ÐÏÌÎÁÑ É Ô.Ä.).\\ +c & éÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÓÈÅÍÕ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÄÌÑ ÉÎÄÉ×ÉÄÕÁÌØÎÙÈ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÊ.\\ +l & éÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÓÈÅÍÕ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÄÌÑ ÑÚÙËÏ×ÙÈ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÊ.\\ +d & äÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.\\ +o & äÒÕÇÉÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ.\\ +i & ÷ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ.\\ +\end{tabular} +\end{table} + +÷ÏÔ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÅ ÏÂßÑÓÎÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÏÐÃÉÉ. + +\textbf{\optname{p} "---~ðÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÁ, ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ.} +ðÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÊ ÓËÒÉÐÔ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔ ×ÁÛÕ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÕ, +ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ÜÔÏ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÅ ÎÕÖÎÏ. üÔÁ ÏÐÃÉÑ ÎÕÖÎÁ × ÔÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ, ËÏÇÄÁ +Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÏÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ ÄÁ£Ô ÓÂÏÊ. + +\textbf{\optname{b} "---~áÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÁ, ÄÌÑ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ.} ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÄÌÑ +×ÁÛÅÊ ÔÅËÕÝÅÊ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ. ÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÍÅÎÀ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÄÁÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ É ÄÌÑ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒ (ÉÌÉ \emph{ÎÅ} ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÉÈ ÄÌÑ +ÔÅËÕÝÅÊ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ). üÔÏ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ÏÄÎÏ É ÔÏ +ÖÅ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï \TeX{}Á × ÓÅÔÉ ÒÁÚÎÙÈ ÍÁÛÉÎ. óÐÉÓÏË ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÈ +ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎ × ÔÁÂÌÉÃÅ~\ref{tab:archlist}, +\p.~\pageref{tab:archlist}. + +\textbf{\optname{s} "---~ïÓÎÏ×ÎÁÑ ÓÈÅÍÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.} ÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÍÅÎÀ ×Ù +ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÕÀ ÓÈÅÍÕ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×. ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ +ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÌÎÁÑ ÓÈÅÍÁ (\optname{full}), ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ×Ó£, +ÎÏ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÍÉÎÉÍÁÌØÎÕÀ ÓÈÅÍÕ (\optname{basic}), ÞÔÏÂÙ +ÓÜËÏÎÏÍÉÔØ ÍÅÓÔÏ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ, ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏÍÅÖÕÔÏÞÎÕÀ ÓÈÅÍÕ (\optname{medium}). +åÓÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÓÈÅÍÙ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ Omega É \acro{XML}. + +\textbf{\optname{c} "---~éÎÄÉ×ÉÄÕÁÌØÎÙÅ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ.} üÔÏ ÍÅÎÀ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ +×ÁÍ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÓÄÅÌÁÎÎÙÊ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ ÓÈÅÍÏÊ ×ÙÂÏÒ ÄÌÑ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÈ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÊ. +ëÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔ ÓÏÂÏÊ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÊ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÓÈÅÍ ÕÒÏ×ÅÎØ ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÉ +\TL{}. ëÁÖÄÁÑ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÑ "---ÍÁËÒÏÓÙ \TeX{}Á, ÓÅÍÅÊÓÔ×Á ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× \MF{} +É Ô,Ä, "---ÓÏÓÔÏÉÔ ÉÚ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×. ÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÍÅÎÀ ÚÁÇÌÁ×ÎÙÅ É +ÓÔÒÏÞÎÙÅ ÂÕË×Ù ÒÁÚÌÉÞÁÀÔÓÑ. + +\textbf{\optname{l} "---~ñÚÙËÏ×ÙÅ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ.} óÍÙÓÌ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÍÅÎÀ ÏÞÅÎØ +ÐÏÈÏÖ ÎÁ \Ucom{c}, ÏÎÏ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ×ÙÂÏÒ, ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÌÉ +ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÅ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÙ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á. ÷ ÄÁÎÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ +ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÔ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍ ÑÚÙËÁÍ. ÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÍÅÎÀ ÚÁÇÌÁ×ÎÙÅ É ÓÔÒÏÞÎÙÅ ÂÕË×Ù +ÒÁÚÌÉÞÁÀÔÓÑ. ÷ÏÔ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÑÚÙËÏ×ÙÈ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÊ \TL: + +% xx really should generate list from texmf/tpm/collection/tex-lang* +% a la install-tl.sh. +\begin{tabbing} +\hspace{.50\linewidth} \= +\hspace{.50\linewidth} \kill + áÒÁÂÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \> + áÒÍÑÎÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \\ + áÆÒÉËÁÎÓËÉÅ ÑÚÙËÉ (ÞÁÓÔÉÞÎÏ) \> + âÒÉÔÁÎÓËÉÊ ÁÎÇÌÉÊÓËÉÊ \\ + ÷ÅÎÇÅÒÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \> + ÷ØÅÔÎÁÍÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \\ + çÏÌÌÁÎÄÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË\> + çÒÅÞÅÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË\\ + äÁÔÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \> + é×ÒÉÔ \\ + éÎÄÉÊÓËÉÅ ÑÚÙËÉ \> + éÓÐÁÎÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \\ + éÔÁÌØÑÎÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \> + ëÉÒÉÌÌÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÑÚÙËÉ \\ + ëÉÔÁÊÓËÉÊ, ÑÐÏÎÓËÉÊ, ËÏÒÅÊÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙËÉ \> + ìÁÔÙÎØ\\ + íÁÎØÞÖÕÒÓËÉÅ ÑÚÙËÉ \> + íÏÎÇÏÌØÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \\ + îÅÍÅÃËÉÊ ÑÚÙË\> + îÏÒ×ÅÖÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \\ + ðÏÌØÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË\> + ðÏÒÔÕÇÁÌØÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \\ + ôÉÂÅÔÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË\> + æÉÎÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \\ + æÒÁÎÃÕÚÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \> + èÏÒ×ÁÔÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË\\ + þÅÛÓËÉÊ É ÓÌÏ×ÁÃËÉÊ ÑÚÙËÉ \> + û×ÅÄÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË \\ +\end{tabbing} + +\noindent ñÚÙËÏ×ÙÅ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ×ËÌÀÞÁÀÔ ÛÒÉÆÔÙ, ÍÁËÒÏÓÙ, ÔÁÂÌÉÃÙ +ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÁ É Ô.Ä. (îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ×ÙÂÉÒÁÅÔÅ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÀ +\optname{French}, ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ +\pkgname{frenchle.sty}.) ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÑÚÙËÏ×ÏÊ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ +ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔ Ë ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÀ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ \filename{language.dat}, +ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÏÊ ÔÁÂÌÉà ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÁ. + +\textbf{\optname{d} "---~äÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ}. úÄÅÓØ ÍÏÖÎÏ +ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔØ ÔÒÉ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ: +\label{text:instdir} + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [TEXDIR] ëÏÒÎÅ×ÁÑ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ, ÇÄÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ + ×Ó£ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÏÅ. ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÜÔÏ \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2005}, + ÎÏ ÜÔÏ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÂÙ×ÁÅÔ ÎÕÖÎÙÍ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ. íÙ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÍ ×ËÌÀÞÁÔØ ÎÏÍÅÒ + ÇÏÄÁ × ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÂÙÌÏ ÄÅÒÖÁÔØ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏ ÒÁÚÎÙÅ + ×ÅÒÓÉÉ \TL{}. ðÏÓÌÅ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ×Ù ÓÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ + \dirname{/usr/local/texlive} ÓÓÙÌËÏÊ ÎÁ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÕÀ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ. + + ðÏÄ \MacOSX, ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁΣÎÎÙÅ ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÉ ÉÝÕÔ \TeX{} × + \dirname{/usr/local/teTeX}, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ×ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØÓÑ ÕÄÏÂÎÅÅ + ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ \TL{} ÔÕÔ. + +\item [TEXMFLOCAL] üÔÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ, ËÕÄÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ + ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÀÔ ÆÁÊÌÙ \TeX{}Á, ÎÅ ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÅÓÑ Ë ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌ£ÎÎÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ, + ÇÌÁ×ÎÙÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ, ÛÒÉÆÔÙ. ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÜÔÏ + \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local} É ÎÅ ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÔ ÏÔ ÔÅËÕÝÅÊ + ×ÅÒÓÉÉ \TL{}, ÐÏÔÏÍÕ ÞÔÏ ÓÀÄÁ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÍÅÝÁÔØ + ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ÉÌÉ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ. + +\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] üÔÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ, ËÕÄÁ ÓËÒÉÐÔ + \cmdname{texconfig-sys} ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÚÁ×ÉÓÑÝÉÅ ÏÔ ËÏÎËÒÅÔÎÏÊ + ×ÅÒÓÉÉ. ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÜÔÏ \dirname{TEXDIR/texmf-var}, É ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÜÔÏ + ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÍÅÎÑÔØ ÎÅ ÓÔ\'ÏÉÔ. åÓÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}, + ÇÄÅ \cmdname{texconfig} ÉÝÅÔ ÉÚÍÅΣÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ. óÍ. + ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÅ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ~\ref{sec:texconfig}, + \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig} + +\end{ttdescription} + +\textbf{\optname{o} "---~äÒÕÇÉÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ.} ÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÍÅÎÀ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ +ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÌÉÑÀÔ ÎÁ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [a] õËÁÚÁÔØ ÁÌØÔÅÒÎÁÔÉ×ÎÕÀ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ + ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×. ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÛÒÉÆÔÙ ËÌÁÄÕÔÓÑ × \envname{VARTEXMF}, ËÁË + ÏÂßÑÓÎÑÅÔÓÑ ×ÙÛÅ. áÌØÔÅÒÎÁÔÉ×ÎÁÑ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ ÎÕÖÎÁ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÅÓÌÉ + ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÅ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ, É ÐÏÔÏÍÕ + ×ÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÁÑ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ (×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ, Ó×ÏÑ ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÉÚ ÍÁÛÉÎ × + ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÊ ÓÅÔÉ) ÄÌÑ ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÉ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÅÍÙÈ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×. + +\item [l] óÏÚÄÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÓÓÙÌËÉ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ × + ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ man É/ÉÌÉ \acro{GNU} Info. îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÈÏÔÅÔØ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ + ÓÓÙÌËÉ ÎÁ ÆÁÊÌÙ man ÐÏÄ \dirname{/usr/local/man}, É ÎÁ ÆÁÊÌÙ Info + ÐÏÄ \dirname{/usr/local/info}. (òÁÚÕÍÅÅÔÓÑ, ×ÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÙ ÐÒÁ×Á ÎÁ + ÚÁÐÉÓØ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ.) + + íÙ ÎÅ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÍ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÜÔÕ ÏÐÃÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ \TL{} ÐÏ×ÅÒÈ + ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ \TeX{} × ×ÁÛÅÍ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å. ïÎÁ ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÁ ÄÌÑ + ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÓÓÙÌËÉ × ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÈ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑÈ ×ÒÏÄÅ + \dirname{/usr/local/bin}, ÅÓÌÉ × ÎÉÈ ÎÅÔ ÆÁÊÌÏ× \TeX Á. + +\item [d] îÅ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ. üÔÏ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù + ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÓÜËÏÎÏÍÉÔØ ÍÅÓÔÏ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ, ÉÌÉ ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÕÖÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÌÉ + ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ × ÄÒÕÇÏÍ ÍÅÓÔÅ. + +\item [s] îÅ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÇÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Á ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× É ÍÁËÒÏÓÏ×. + üÔÏ ÎÕÖÎÏ, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÏÄÎÏ ÏÂÝÅÅ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÎÙÈ ÍÁÛÉÎ + É/ÉÌÉ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍ, ÜËÓÐÏÒÔÉÒÕÑ ÅÇÏ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ \acro{NFS}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +\textbf{i "---~÷ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ.} ëÏÇÄÁ ×Ù ÚÁÄÁÄÉÔÅ ÎÕÖÎÙÅ +ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ, ××ÅÄÉÔÅ \Ucom{i} ÞÔÏÂÙ ÎÁÞÁÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ × +×ÙÂÒÁÎÎÙÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ. + +% text is similar to above, but no TEXMFSYSVAR, so we have to write out. +ðÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÊ ÛÁÇ "---×ËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÚÁ×ÉÓÑÝÕÀ ÏÔ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ +\dirname{TEXDIR/bin} × ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ \envname{PATH}, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ×ÁÛÉ ÎÏ×ÙÅ +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÙ. îÁÚ×ÁÎÉÑ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎÙ × +ÔÁÂÌÉÃÅ~\ref{tab:archlist}, \p.~\pageref{tab:archlist}. ðÒÉ +ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏÓÔÉ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ +\dirname{TEXDIR/bin}. + +óÉÎÔÁËÓÉÓ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ËÏÍÁÎÄ É ÓÔÁÒÔÏ×ÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÄÌÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ +ÚÁ×ÉÓÑÔ ÏÔ ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ÛÅÌÌÁ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ÛÅÌÌ ÔÉÐÁ Bourne +(\cmdname{sh}, \cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh} É Ô.Ð.), ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ Ë +×ÁÛÅÍÕ \filename{$HOME/.profile} ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÅ: +\begin{alltt} +PATH=/usr/local/texlive2005/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH; export PATH +\end{alltt} + +\noindent äÌÑ ÛÅÌÌÏ× ÔÉÐÁ C shell (\cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}), +ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ Ë ×ÁÛÅÍÕ \filename{$HOME/.cshrc} ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÅ: +\begin{alltt} +setenv PATH /usr/local/texlive2005/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH +\end{alltt} + +\textruntexconfig + +îÉÖÅ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ ËÒÁÔËÉÊ ËÏÍÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ ÐÒÉÍÅÒ ÐÏÌÎÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ, Ó +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ ÔÅËÕÝÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ É Ó ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ×ÙÛÅ +ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÏÊ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ. ôÁËÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ, ÎÕÖÎÁ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÄÎÁ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ, +\Ucom{i} ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ. úÎÁËÏÍ \texttt{>}, ËÁË ÏÂÙÞÎÏ, +ÏÂÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔÓÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÊ ÐÒÏÍÐÔ. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh} +\Ucom{i} # ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ +> \Ucom{texconfig} ... # óÍ. ÒÁÚÄÅÌ \ref{sec:texconfig} +# îÏ×ÙÊ ÜÌÅÍÅÎÔ × ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ $PATH, ÄÌÑ ìÉÎÕËÓÁ +> \Ucom{PATH=/usr/local/texlive2005/bin/i386-linux:$PATH; export PATH} +\end{alltt} + +\textifindoubt + + +% +\subsection{õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÎÁ ÄÉÓË ÉÎÄÉ×ÉÄÕÁÌØÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×} + +÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÉÎÄÉ×ÉÄÕÁÌØÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ÉÌÉ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÉÚ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á +× ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ, ÏÔÌÉÞÎÕÀ ÏÔ \TL{} ÉÌÉ × ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ +\TL{}. + +\startinst + +úÁÐÕÓÔÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÊ ÓËÒÉÐÔ \filename{install-pkg.sh} (ÎÅ +\filename{install-tl.sh} "---ÜÔÏÔ ÓËÒÉÐÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌÎÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ): +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh \var{options}} +\end{alltt} + +ðÅÒ×ÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÏÐÃÉÊ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÉÔ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-package=\var{pkgname}] éÎÄÉ×ÉÄÕÁÌØÎÙÊ ÐÁËÅÔ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. + +\item [-{}-collection=\var{colname}] ëÏÌÌÅËÃÉÑ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. + +\item [-{}-nodoc] îÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ. + +\item [-{}-nosrc] îÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÉËÉ. + +\item [-{}-cddir=\var{dir}] äÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ, ÇÄÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×; ÐÏ + ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ -- ÔÅËÕÝÁÑ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÌÉ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ×ÙÛÅ, + ÔÏ ÜÔÏ É ÂÕÄÅÔ ÎÕÖÎÁÑ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ, É ÍÅÎÑÔØ Å£ ÎÅ ÎÁÄÏ. + +\item [-{}-listdir=\var{dir}] äÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ ÓÏ ÓÐÉÓËÁÍÉ, × ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ + ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÐÁËÅÔÁÈ. ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÜÔÏ + \var{cddir}; ÅÄÉÎÓÔ×ÅÎÎÁÑ ÐÒÉÞÉÎÁ, ÐÏ + ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÉÍÅÅÔ ÓÍÙÓÌ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÜÔÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ "---ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÓÁÍÉ + ËÏÎÓÔÒÕÉÒÕÅÔÅ ÎÏ×ÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ \TL{}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +ôÏ, ÞÔÏ ÐÒÏÉÚÏÊÄ£Ô ÄÁÌØÛÅ, ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÔ ÏÔ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ÏÐÃÉÊ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ +×ÙÂÅÒÅÔÅ ÎÉ ÏÄÎÏÊ ÉÚ ÎÉÈ, ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÐÒÏÉÚÏÊÄ£Ô ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ×ÙÂÒÁÎÎÙÈ +ÆÁÊÌÏ×. äÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ, ËÕÄÁ ÓÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÂÕÄÅÔ +ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÁ ÉÚ ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ \envname{\$TEXMFMAIN} ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ +\cmdname{kpsewhich}. ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÜÔÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ +ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ \envname{TEXMFMAIN} ÉÌÉ \envname{TEXMF}. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [-{}-listonly] ÷Ù×ÅÓÔÉ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÆÁÊÌÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ + ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ, ÎÏ ÎÉÞÅÇÏ ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ. + +\item [-{}-archive=\var{tarfile}] ÷ÍÅÓÔÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ× × ÔÅËÕÝÉÊ + \TeX{}, ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÁÒÈÉ× \cmdname{tar}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ: + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [-{}-config] ðÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ \code{texconfig init}. + +\item [-{}-nohash] îÅ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ \cmdname{mktexlsr} ÄÌÑ + ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÂÁÚÙ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ Ï ÆÁÊÌÁÈ. + +\item [-{}-verbose] ÷Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÐÏ ÍÅÒÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ + ÓËÒÉÐÔÁ. + +\end{ttdescription} + +÷ÏÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÏ× ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ: + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item ðÏÓÍÏÔÒÅÔØ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÆÁÊÌÏ× × ÐÁËÅÔÅ \pkgname{fancyhdr}, ÎÅ + ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÑ ÅÇÏ: + +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr --listonly} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=fancyhdr \bs} +> \Ucom{--listonly} +\fi{} +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/README +texmf/doc/latex/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf +... +\end{alltt} + +\item õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÐÁËÅÔ \pkgname{natbib}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=natbib} +\end{alltt} + +\item õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÐÁËÅÔ \pkgname{alg} ÂÅÚ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÉËÏ× É ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=alg --nosrc --nodoc} +\else> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=alg \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-nosrc -{}-nodoc} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\item õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ×ÓÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ÉÚ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÍÁËÒÏÓÏ× ÄÌÑ +plain \TeX: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --collection=tex-plainextra} +\end{alltt} + +\item úÁÐÉÓÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÉÚ ÐÁËÅÔÁ \pkgname{pstricks} × ÁÒÈÉ× +\cmdname{tar} × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \path|/tmp|: +\begin{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh --package=pstricks --archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\else +> \Ucom{sh install-pkg.sh -{}-package=pstricks \bs} +> \Ucom{-{}-archive=/tmp/pstricks.tar} +\fi\end{alltt} + +\end{enumerate} + +\textifindoubt + + +% +\section{äÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ} +\label{sec:postinstall} + +ðÏÓÌÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ËÁË ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÁÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÒÏÄÅÌÁÎÁ, ×Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ +ÓËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÐÏÄ ×ÁÛÉ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÎÏÓÔÉ É ÐÒÏ×ÅÓÔÉ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ. + +åÝ£ ÏÄÎÏ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÅ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ \TL{} "---ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ +ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ, ÛÒÉÆÔÙ ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ, ÎÅ ×ËÌÀÞ£ÎÎÙÅ × +\TL{}. éÄÅÑ ÓÏÓÔÏÉÔ × ÔÏÍ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÜÔÉ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÄ +\envname{TEXMFLOCAL} (ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÎÁ ÄÉÓË) ÉÌÉ ÐÏÄ +\envname{TEXMFSYSVAR} (ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔÅ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ Ó ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á). +óÍ. <<äÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ>> ÎÁ \p.\pageref{text:instdir}. + +ë ÓÏÖÁÌÅÎÉÀ, ËÏÎËÒÅÔÎÙÅ ÛÁÇÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÓÉÌØÎÏ ÏÔÌÉÞÁÔØÓÑ, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÍÙ ÎÅ +ÐÙÔÁÅÍÓÑ ÏÐÉÓÁÔØ ÉÈ ÔÕÔ. ÷ÏÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÁÃÉÊ ÉÚ ÓÅÔÉ: +\begin{itemize*} +\item +\url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=instpackages} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/installationadvice} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/beginlatex/html/chapter5.html#pkginst} +\item +\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/Type1fonts} (ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ +ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÓÏ×ÅÔÙ). +\end{itemize*} + + +\subsection{ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \protect\cmdname{texconfig}} +\label{sec:texconfig} + +÷ ÌÀÂÏÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ +\cmdname{texconfig} ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÅÒÅËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ. ïÎÁ +ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \texttt{TEXDIR/bin/\var{arch}} +(ÚÁ×ÉÓÑÝÅÊ ÏÔ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ) ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÍÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ. + +åÓÌÉ ×ÙÚ×ÁÔØ Å£ ÂÅÚ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÏ×, ÏÎÁ ÐÅÒÅÊÄ£Ô × ÐÏÌÎÏÜËÒÁÎÎÙÊ ÒÅÖÉÍ, +ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÉÎÔÅÒÁËÔÉ×ÎÏ. + +üÔÕ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ ÍÏÖÎÏ ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ Ó ÒÁÚÎÏÏÂÒÁÚÎÙÍÉ ÏÐÃÉÑÍÉ. îÉÖÅ +ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÙ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÈ (ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ \TL{} ÐÏ +ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎÁ ÎÁ ÂÕÍÁÇÕ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁ A4): + +\begin{ttdescription} + +\item [texconfig paper letter] ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÂÕÍÁÇÉ ÐÏ + ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÄÌÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ×ÓÅÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ É ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× (\cmdname{pdftex}, + \cmdname{dvips}, \cmdname{dvipdfm}, \cmdname{xdvi}). äÒÕÇÉÍ + ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÏÍ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ \optname{a4} (ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ). + +\item [texconfig rehash] ïÂÎÏ×ÉÔØ ×ÓÅ ÂÁÚÙ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ + \TeX{}. + +\item [texconfig faq] ðÏËÁÚÁÔØ þÁ÷Ï \teTeX. (óÍ. ÔÁËÖÅ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ + ÆÁÊÌ þÁ÷Ï \TeX{} × \OnCD{texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en}). + +\item [texconfig help] îÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ + \cmdname{texconfig}. + +\end{ttdescription} + +òÁÚÕÍÅÅÔÓÑ, \cmdname{texconfig} ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÉÚ +ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÏÐÃÉÊ É ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ \TeX{}. ïÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ +ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ \Webc{} ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ +\filename{texmf.cnf}. ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔØ, ÇÄÅ ÏÎ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ, ÐÒÉ +ÐÏÍÏÝÉ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ \samp{kpsewhich texmf.cnf}; × ÜÔÏÍ ÆÁÊÌÅ ÍÎÏÇÏ +ËÏÍÍÅÎÔÁÒÉÅ×, ÏÂßÑÓÎÑÀÝÉÈ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ É ÉÈ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÅ +ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ. + +ðÏ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÀ ÎÁ 2005 ÇÏÄ, ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ \cmdname{texconfig} ÉÚÍÅÎÑÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ +ÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ +\dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÅ \TeX{} ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ +ÓÅÂÑ, ÜÔÏÔ ÆÁËÔ ×ÁÍ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÂÅÚÒÁÚÌÉÞÅÎ. îÏ ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÅ +\TeX{} ÄÌÑ ÍÎÏÇÏÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ×ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÉÔØÓÑ +ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÄÌÑ \emph{×ÓÅÈ} ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ. ÷ ÜÔÏÍ +ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ \cmdname{texconfig} ×ÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÁ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ +\cmdname{texconfig-sys}. + +áÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÏ, ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ \cmdname{updmap} É \cmdname{fmtutil} ÔÅÐÅÒØ +ÉÚÍÅÎÑÀÔ ÆÁÊÌÙ × \dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}. äÌÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ +ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ \cmdname{updmap-sys} É +\cmdname{fmtutil-sys}. + +÷ ÏÓÏÂÅÎÎÏÓÔÉ ×ÁÖÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÍÎÏÇÏÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ +ÚÁÒÁÎÅÅ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÙ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ \texttt{fmtutil-sys + -{}-missing}. éÎÁÞÅ Õ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ ÂÕÄÅÔ Ó×ÏÑ ËÏÐÉÑ ÜÔÉÈ +ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ×. + +ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ÅÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ËÏÐÉÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ× +\filename{fmtutil.cnf} ÉÌÉ \filename{updmap.cfg}, ÉÈ ÓÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔØ +× ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG}. + +ðÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ, × ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÈÒÁÎÑÔÓÑ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÑ ÜÔÉÈ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ, ÕËÁÚÁÎÙ × +ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅn~\ref{sec:texmftrees}, \p.\pageref{sec:texmftrees}. ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ +ÐÏÓÍÏÔÒÅÔØ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÜÔÉÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ +\texttt{texconfig conf} É ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÉÈ ÐÕÔ£Í ÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ +\filename{texmf.cnf}. + +\subsection{ôÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ} +\label{sec:test-install} + +ðÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ \TL{} ×Ù, ÓËÏÒÅÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ, ÚÁÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉÔØ +ÒÁÂÏÔÕ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÅÒÅÊÔÉ Ë ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÀ ÐÒÅËÒÁÓÎÙÈ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏ× É/ÉÌÉ +ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×. + +÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÙ ÐÏ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ. +íÙ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÍ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ÄÌÑ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÔÉÐÁ Unix; ÐÏÄ \MacOSX{} É +Windows ×Ù, ÓËÏÒÅÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ, ÂÕÄÅÔÅ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ ÔÅÓÔÙ ÉÚ \acro{GUI}, ÎÏ +ÐÒÉÎÃÉÐ ÔÏÔ ÖÅ. + +\begin{enumerate} + +\item óÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ + \cmdname{tex}: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{tex -{}-version} +TeX 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.5) +kpathsea version 3.5.5 +... +\end{alltt} +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÏÌÕÞÁÅÔÅ × ÏÔ×ÅÔ <<command not found>> ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÎÏÍÅÒÁ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ É +ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ËÏÐÉÒÁÊÔÅ, Õ ×ÁÓ, ÓËÏÒÅÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ, ÎÅÔ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ Ó ÎÕÖÎÙÍÉ +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ × ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ \envname{PATH}. óÍ. ÏÂÓÕÖÄÅÎÉÅ ÎÁ +ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ~\pageref{text:path}. + +\item óËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÕÊÔÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ \LaTeX{}Ï×ÓËÉÊ ÆÁÊÌ: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{latex sample2e.tex} +This is pdfeTeXk, Version 3.141592... +... +Output written on sample2e.dvi (3 pages, 7496 bytes). +Transcript written on sample2e.log. +\end{alltt} +åÓÌÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÎÁÊÔÉ \filename{sample2e.tex} ÉÌÉ ÄÒÕÇÉÅ +ÆÁÊÌÙ, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ, Õ ×ÁÓ ÏÓÔÁÌÉÓØ ÓÌÅÄÙ ÏÔ ÓÔÁÒÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ: ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ +ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ ÉÌÉ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ. äÌÑ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ ×Ù ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ +ÐÏÐÒÏÓÉÔØ \TeX{} ÔÏÞÎÏ ÓËÁÚÁÔØ, ÞÔÏ ÉÍÅÎÎÏ ÏÎ ÉÝÅÔ; ÓÍ. <<ïÔÌÁÄËÁ>> ÎÁ +ÓÔÒ.~\pageref{Debugging}. + +\item ðÏÓÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ ÎÁ ÜËÒÁÎÅ: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{xdvi sample2e.dvi} +\end{alltt} +(ðÏÄ Windows ÁÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÁÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ \cmdname{windvi}.) ÷Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ +Õ×ÉÄÅÔØ ÎÏ×ÏÅ ÏËÎÏ Ó ËÒÁÓÉ×Ï Ó×£ÒÓÔÁÎÎÙÍ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏÍ, ÏÂßÑÓÎÑÀÝÉÍ ÏÓÎÏ×Ù +\LaTeX{}Á. (åÓÌÉ ×Ù "---ÎÏ×ÉÞÏË, ×ÁÍ ÓÔ\'ÏÉÔ ÅÇÏ ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ.) þÔÏÂÙ +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \cmdname{xdvi} ÍÏÇÌÁ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØÓÑ, ×Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ × ÓÒÅÄÅ X Window; +ÅÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ÎÅ ÔÁË, ÉÌÉ ÅÓÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ \envname{DISPLAY} ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ +ÎÅÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ, ×Ù Õ×ÉÄÉÔÅ ÏÛÉÂËÕ \samp{Can't open display}. + +\item óÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ ÆÁÊÌ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ \PS{} ÄÌÑ ÐÅÞÁÔÉ ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÁ ÎÁ ÜËÒÁÎÅ: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips sample2e.dvi -o sample2e.ps} +\end{alltt} + +\item óÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ ÆÁÊÌ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ \acro{PDF} ×ÍÅÓÔÏ \dvi{}; ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÉÖÅ + ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÕÅÔ ÆÁÊÌ \filename{.tex} É ÓÏÚÄÁ£Ô \acro{PDF}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{pdflatex sample2e.tex} +\end{alltt} + +\item ðÏÓÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ ÎÁ ÜËÒÁÎÅ: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{gv sample2e.pdf} +\textrm{ÉÌÉ:} +> \Ucom{xpdf sample2e.pdf} +\end{alltt} +ë ÓÏÖÁÌÅÎÉÀ, ÎÉ \cmdname{gv}, ÎÉ \cmdname{xpdf} ÎÅ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ × ÔÅËÕÝÕÀ +×ÅÒÓÉÀ \TL{}, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ×ÁÍ ÐÒÉÄ£ÔÓÑ ÏÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÉÈ +ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏ. óÍ. ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ +\url{http://www.gnu.org/software/gv} É +\url{http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf}. + +\item äÒÕÇÉÅ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÅ ÔÅÓÔÏ×ÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÁÍ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÒÉÇÏÄÉÔØÓÑ: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item [small2e.tex] âÏÌÅÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ, ÞÅÍ \filename{sample2e}, + ÕÄÏÂÎÙÊ, ÅÓÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÊ ÓÌÉÛËÏÍ ×ÅÌÉË ÄÌÑ ×ÁÓ. +\item [testpage.tex] ðÒÏ×ÅÒÑÅÔ ÐÏÌÑ É ÓÍÅÝÅÎÉÅ ÂÕÍÁÇÉ ÄÌÑ ×ÁÛÅÇÏ + ÐÒÉÎÔÅÒÁ. +\item [nfssfont.tex] éÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÐÅÞÁÔÉ ÔÁÂÌÉà ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× É ÔÅÓÔÏ×. +\item [testfont.tex] ðÅÞÁÔØ ÔÁÂÌÉà ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× ÐÏÄ plain \TeX{}. +\item [story.tex] óÁÍÙÊ ËÁÎÏÎÉÞÅÓËÉÊ ÆÁÊÌ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ (plain) \TeX. ÷Ù + ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ \samp{\bs bye} × ÏÔ×ÅÔ ÎÁ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ \code{*} + ÐÏÓÌÅ \samp{tex story.tex}. +\end{ttdescription} +÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÜÔÉ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÔÏÞÎÏ ÔÁË ÖÅ, ËÁË ÍÙ ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉ +×ÙÛÅ \filename{sample2e.tex}, ÚÁÍÅÎÉ× \samp{latex} ÎÁ \samp{tex} ÄÌÑ +plain \TeX. + +\end{enumerate} + +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÏ×ÉÞÏË × \TeX{}Å, ÉÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÁ ÐÏÍÏÝØ × ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÉ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏ× +ÎÁ ÑÚÙËÅ \TeX{} ÉÌÉ \LaTeX{}, ÐÏÓÅÔÉÔÅ +\url{http://tug.org/begin.html}. + + +\section{õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ \protect\MacOSX{}} +\label{sec:mac-install} + +òÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÍÙÊ ÓÐÏÓÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ \TeX{} ÄÌÑ \MacOSX{} "---~ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ +ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× Mac\TeX, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ×ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ ×ËÌÀÞ£Î × \TL{} × 2005 ÇÏÄÕ. ïÎ +ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ \DVD{} \pkgname{live} × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \dirname{mactex/}. ÷ +ÜÔÏÊ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔÓÑ ÉÎÓÔÁÌÌÑÔÏÒ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌÏÎÏÇÏ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á +\TeX Á, ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ ÎÁ ËÏÍÂÉÎÁÃÉÉ te\TeX Á É \TL, Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÎÏÇÏ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ É ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ. óÔÒÁÎÉÃÁ ÐÒÏÅËÔÁ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÔÕÔ: +\url{http://tug.org/mactex}. + +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÒÅÄÐÏÞÉÔÁÅÔÅ, ÍÏÖÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ \TeX{} ÄÌÑ \MacOSX{} É +ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÉÚ \TL{} ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ ÓËÒÉÐÔÏ× \filename{install*}, ËÁË +ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ ÎÉÖÅ. + +äÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÅ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ ÐÏÄ \MacOSX, ×ÁÍ +ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÉÔÓÑ ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÁ \cmdname{bash}. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔÅ ÐÏÄ +\MacOSX~10.2 ÉÌÉ ÓÔÁÒÛÅ, Õ ×ÁÓ ÕÖÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ \cmdname{bash}. åÓÌÉ +ÖÅ ×Ù ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔÅ ÐÏÄ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÒÁÎÎÅÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÅÊ \MacOSX{}, ÔÏ ×ÁÛÅÊ ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÏÊ +ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ \cmdname{zsh}, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÎÅ ÐÏÄÏÊÄ£Ô ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ +\MacOSX. ÷ÁÍ ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÉÔÓÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ \cmdname{bash} ÉÚ éÎÔÅÒÎÅÔÁ ÉÌÉ, +ÓËÏÒÅÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ, ÏÂÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ. + +åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ \cmdname{bash}, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÑÍ +ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ Unix installation × ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÅÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ. +óÍ. 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ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, +\p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}, ÇÄÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÙ +ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á). + +õ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ \cmdname{tlpmgui} ÔÁËÉÅ ÖÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ, ËÁË Õ ÉÎÓÔÁÌÌÑÔÏÒÁ ÄÌÑ +àÎÉËÓÁ, ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÎÉ ×ÙÂÉÒÁÀÔÓÑ × ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÅ. üÔÁ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ +ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÓÈÅÍÙ, ÉÎÄÉ×ÉÄÕÁÌØÎÙÅ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ, ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ +ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ É Ô.Ä. üÔÉ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ÜÌÅÍÅÎÔÙ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ × +ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} ÎÁ +\p.\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk}. ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ +×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÍÎÏÇÉÅ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ: ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ É ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÅ +ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÂÁÚÙ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×, ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ×. + +äÌÑ ÔÅÈ, ËÔÏ ÌÀÂÉÔ ÚÎÁÔØ ÄÅÔÁÌÉ, ÏÔÍÅÔÉÍ, ÞÔÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ +\cmdname{tlpmgui} ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å <<ÍÏÔÏÒÁ>> ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ ÄÌÑ +ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ Windows ÐÏÄ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅÍ \cmdname{tlpm}. + +äÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× ÄÌÑ Windows, ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÊ × \TL, ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎ ÎÁ ÎÏ×ÙÈ +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ, ÐÏÚÁÉÍÓÔ×Ï×ÁÎÎÙÈ Õ ÐÒÏÅËÔÁ \XEmTeX{}, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÒÁÎØÛÅ +ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÌÓÑ \fpTeX{} +(ÓÍ. \url{http://www.metz.supelec.fr/~popineau/xemtex-1.html}). ÷ Î£Í +ÔÁËÖÅ ÅÓÔØ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÔÁÒÙÅ (ÎÏ ×Ó£ ÅÝ£ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÝÉÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ), ÔÁËÉÅ ËÁË +ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÝÉË ÆÁÊÌÏ× \texttt{dvi} \textsf{Windvi}, ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ +ÐÏÈÏÖ ÎÁ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁΣÎÎÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÄÌÑ àÎÉËÓÁ +\textsf{xdvi}. äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÜÔÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ × +\OnCD{texmf/doc/html/windvi/windvi.html}. + + +äÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× \TL{} ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÐÏÄ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ +Windows 98, \acro{ME}, \acro{NT}, \acro{2K} ÉÌÉ \acro{XP}. âÏÌÅÅ +ÓÔÁÒÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ Windows (3.1x) É \acro{MS-DOS} ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ. + + + +\textbf{÷ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ:} ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ Win9.x ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉÔØ, ÞÔÏ Õ ÎÉÈ +ÅÓÔØ ÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÏ ÍÅÓÔÁ ÄÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ. +ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \cmdname{tlpmgui.exe} ÎÅ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÍÅÓÔÁ Ë ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÍ +ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ. ÷ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÀÔÓÑ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ +ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ, É ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ, ÞÔÏ ÄÌÑ ÎÉÈ ÎÅ È×ÁÔÉÔ ÍÅÓÔÁ. þÔÏÂÙ ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ +ÅÇÏ, ÎÁÐÉÛÉÔÅ × ÆÁÊÌ \texttt{config.sys} ÓÔÒÏÞËÕ +\texttt{SHELL=<path>COMMAND.COM /E:4096 /P} + + +\subsection{õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÎÁ ÄÉÓË \protect\TeX\protect\ Live} + +ðÏÓÌÅ ×ÓÔÁ×ËÉ \acro{CD} Ó \TL{} × ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ, Á×ÔÏÓÔÁÒÔ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ +ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ \cmdname{tlpmgui}. åÓÌÉ ÏÎ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÎÅ ÓÄÅÌÁÌ, +Ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ \guiseq{Start\arw Run}, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÊÔÅ +\verb|<drive>:\setup-win32\tplmgui.exe| (ÉÌÉ +\verb|<drive>:\texlive\setup-win32\tplmgui.exe|, +ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÅ Ó +\acro{DVD}), ÇÄÅ \verb|<drive>| "---~ÄÉÓË \acro{CD} ÉÌÉ +\acro{DVD}, É ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ <<OK>>. + +äÏÌÖÎÏ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔØÓÑ ÏËÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÏÄ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅÍ \guiseq{TeX Live + installation and maintenance utility}. ÷ Î£Í ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔÓÑ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ +ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ: \guiseq{Main customization}, \guiseq{Install}, \guiseq{Select + a scheme}, \guiseq{Select systems}, \guiseq{Directories} É +\guiseq{Options}. + +÷ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ \guiseq{Directories} ×ÓÌÅÄ ÚÁ ÉËÏÎËÏÊ \guiseq{CD/DVD} ÄÏÌÖÎÁ +ÂÙÔØ ÕËÁÚÁÎÁ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, \texttt{F:/} ÉÌÉ +\texttt{F:/texlive/}), ÎÏ ÅÓÌÉ Å£ ÔÁÍ ÎÅÔ, Ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ ÉËÏÎËÕ +\guiseq{CD/DVD} É ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ \acro{CD/DVD} Ó \TL{} ÉÌÉ \TK. + +äÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ, ËÕÄÁ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ, ÍÏÖÎÏ 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ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ \guiseq{Main customization} ÐÕÔ£Í +×ÙÂÏÒÁ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÊ ÉÚ ÇÒÕÐÐ \guiseq{Standard collections} +ÉÌÉ \guiseq{Language collections}. îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÎÁÖÁ× ÎÁ ËÎÏÐËÕ +\guiseq{Select} Õ ÎÁÄÐÉÓÉ \guiseq{Standard +collections}, ÍÏÖÎÏ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, \MP, +\acro{Omega} ÉÌÉ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ ÎÁ ÒÁÚÎÙÈ ÑÚÙËÁÈ. + +\textbf{ðÒÉÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:} ëÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ \guiseq{Ghostscript}, \guiseq{Perl} É +\guiseq{Wintools} ×ÙÂÉÒÁÀÔÓÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ É ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ, +ÚÁ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅÍ ÓÉÔÕÁÃÉÉ, ËÏÇÄÁ ÏÎÉ ÕÖÅ ÅÓÔØ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ É ×Ù ÐÏÎÉÍÁÅÔÅ, +ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÄÅÌÁÅÔÅ. üÔÉ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÍÎÏÇÉÍÉ ÄÒÕÇÉÍÉ ×ÁÖÎÙÍÉ +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ. ðÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ \verb|PERL5LIB| É \verb|GS_LIB| ÂÕÄÕÔ ÔÁËÖÅ +Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ. + +úÁÔÅÍ Ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ ËÎÏÐËÕ \guiseq{Select} Õ ÎÁÄÐÉÓÉ \guiseq{Language + Collections} × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ \guiseq{Main customization}. üÔÏ ÏÔËÒÏÅÔ +ÍÅÎÀ \guiseq{Language collections}, ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ ÍÏÖÎÏ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÑÚÙËÏ×ÙÅ +ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. + +úÁÔÅÍ ÝÅÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ ËÎÏÐËÕ \guiseq{Install} × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ \guiseq{Install}, +É ÎÁÞΣÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. + +äÌÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ \TL{} ÎÕÖÎÏ ÐÒÏÄÅÌÁÔØ ÒÑÄ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÊ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ +(ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ× É ÂÁÚÙ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÄÌÑ ÉͣΠÆÁÊÌÏ×, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ +ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ É Ô.Ä.). ÷ÓÅ ÏÎÉ ÄÅÌÁÀÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÜÔÏÍ ÛÁÇÅ, É ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ +ÚÁÎÑÔØ ÄÏ×ÏÌØÎÏ ÍÎÏÇÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ. ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÐÏÄÏÖÄÉÔÅ, ÐÏÖÁÌÕÊÓÔÁ, ÐÏËÁ ÎÅ +ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅ Ï ÕÓÐÅÛÎÏÍ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÉÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. + +÷ ÍÅÎÀ \guiseq{Start\arw Programs\arw TeXLive2005} ÂÕÄÅÔ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \cmdname{tlpmgui}. + +ðÒÉ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏÓÔÉ (Win9x/WinME) ×ÁÍ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÅÎÏ ÒÅÓÔÁÒÔÏ×ÁÔØ +ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ. + + +\subsection{äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ÄÌÑ Windows} +\label{sec:win-xemtex} + +äÌÑ ÐÏÌÎÏÔÙ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Õ \TL ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ, +ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÅ ×ÓÔÒÅÞÁÀÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÍÁÛÉÎÅ ÐÏÄ Windows. íÎÏÇÉÅ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ +ÎÁÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÎÁ ÑÚÙËÅ Perl. îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÁÖÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÔÒÅÂÕÀÔ +ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÁÔÏÒ ÑÚÙËÁ \PS{} Ghostscript ÄÌÑ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ ÉÌÉ +ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×. îÁÂÏÒ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÉÍÉ +ÆÁÊÌÁÍÉ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÌÅÚÅÎ × ÒÑÄÅ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ×. îÁËÏÎÅÃ, ÐÒÉÓÐÏÓÏÂÌÅÎÎÙÊ ÄÌÑ +ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó \TeX{}ÏÍ ÒÅÄÁËÔÏÒ ÚÎÁÞÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÏÂÌÅÇÞÁÅÔ ÎÁÂÏÒ É +ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ. + + +÷ÓÅ ÜÔÉ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ÄÌÑ Windows ÎÁÊÔÉ ÄÏ×ÏÌØÎÏ ÌÅÇËÏ, ÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ +ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÏÂÌÅÇÞÉÔØ ×ÁÛÕ ÖÉÚÎØ, ÍÙ ×ËÌÀÞÉÌÉ × \TL ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ: +\begin{itemize} +\item \cmdname{Ghostscript} 7.07 +\item ÍÉÎÉÍÁÌØÎÙÊ \cmdname{Perl} 5.8, ÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÙÊ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÓËÒÉÐÔÏ× + \TL{}. +\item ÎÁÂÏÒ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ \textsf{win-tools}: \textsf{bzip2, gzip, + jpeg2ps, tiff2png}/ +% \item ÐÏÄÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï \cmdname{ImageMagick} 5.5.6 +% \item ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ ÏÒÆÏÇÒÁÆÉÉ \cmdname{ISpell} +% \item \cmdname{XEmacs} 21.5.14 Ó ÎÁÂÏÒÏÍ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÄÌÑ +% \TeX{}Á. +\end{itemize} + +üÔÉ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ×ÚÑÔÙ ÉÚ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á \XEmTeX{} (ÐÏÔÏÍÏË ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á +fp\TeX). + + +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÜÔÕ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÀ, ÔÏ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ +ÓÁÍÏÓÔÏÑÔÅÌØÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÍÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ. ÷ÏÔ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÍÅÓÔ, ÏÔËÕÄÁ +ÜÔÉ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ÍÏÖÎÏ ×ÚÑÔØ: +\begin{description} +\item[Ghostscript] \url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/} +\item[Perl] \url{http://www.activestate.com/} (ÎÏ ×ÁÍ ÍÏÇÕÔ + ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÉÔØÓÑ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ÉÚ ÁÒÈÉ×Á CPAN: + \url{http://www.cpan.org/}) +\item[ImageMagick] \url{http://www.imagemagick.com} +\item[NetPBM] ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ImageMagick ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ NetPBM ÄÌÑ + ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ×ÁÛÉÈ ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×. óÔÒÁÎÉÞËÁ NetPBM ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ + \url{http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/} +\item[òÅÄÁËÔÏÒÙ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó \TeX{}ÏÍ] éÍÅÅÔÓÑ ÛÉÒÏËÉÊ ×ÙÂÏÒ + ÒÅÄÁËÔÏÒÏ×, É ËÁËÏÊ ÉÚ ÎÉÈ + ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ "---ÄÅÌÏ ×ËÕÓÁ. ÷ÏÔ ÐÏÄÂÏÒËÁ: + \begin{itemize*} + \item \cmdname{GNU Emacs} ÅÓÔØ ÄÌÑ Windows, ÅÇÏ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÞËÁ: + \url{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs.html} + \item \cmdname{XEmacs} ÅÓÔØ ÄÌÑ Windows, ÅÇÏ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÞËÁ: + \url{http://www.xemacs.org/} + \item \cmdname{WinShell} ÅÓÔØ ÎÁ \TL × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ + \path|support|, ÅÇÏ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÞËÁ: \url{http://www.winshell.de} + \item \cmdname{WinEdt} ÜÔÏ shareware, ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÏÅ ÎÁ \url{http://www.winedt.com} + \item \cmdname{Vim} ÅÓÔØ ÎÁ \TL{} × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ + \path|support\wim|, ÅÇÏ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÞËÁ: \url{http://www.vim.org} + \item \cmdname{TeXnicCenter} "---~ÜÔÏ Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÁÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ + ÅÓÔØ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ + \url{http://www.toolscenter.org/products/} É × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å + pro\TeX t. + \item \cmdname{LEd} ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ + \url{http://www.ctan.org/support/LEd} + \item \cmdname{SciTE} ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ + \url{http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html} + \end{itemize*} +\end{description} + +÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ Ñ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ +Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÙÍÉ\footnote{îÅÓ×ÏÂÏÄÎÙÍÉ × ÔÏÍ ÓÍÙÓÌÅ, ÞÔÏ ÉÈ ÎÅÌØÚÑ Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÏ + ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ É ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÑÔØ. üÔÏ ÎÅ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ + ÐÒÉÏÂÒÅÓÔÉ ÉÈ ÂÅÓÐÌÁÔÎÏ.} É ÐÏÔÏÍÕ ÎÅ ×ËÌÀÞ£ÎÎÙÅ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× +\TL{}, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, \cmdname{GSView}, ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÁ Ë ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ +\cmdname{Ghostscript}, ÕÄÏÂÎÁÑ ÄÌÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ× × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁÈ PS/PDF. +\cmdname{GSView} ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ +\url{http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/} ÉÌÉ ÌÀÂÏÍ ÚÅÒËÁÌÅ ÁÒÈÉ×Á +\acro{CTAN}. + +\section{äÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ É ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ \protect\Windows} + +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÌÉ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× \TL, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ +\cmdname{tlpmgui} ÄÌÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ É ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ. + +\subsection{äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ É ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×} + +ðÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \cmdname{tlpmgui} ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÍÅÎÀ +\guiseq{Start\arw Programs\arw TeXLive2005}, ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔŠţ ÏÔÔÕÄÁ. +ðÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÏËÎÏ \guiseq{TeX Live installation and maintenance utility}. +÷ Î£Í ÅÓÔØ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃ: \guiseq{Add Packages}, \guiseq{Remove + packages}, \guiseq{Manage installation}, \guiseq{Remove + installation}. + +ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÐÏ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÞËÅ \guiseq{Add packages} ÉÌÉ \guiseq{Remove + packages}, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ: +\begin{itemize} +\item îÁ ÐÅÒ×ÏÊ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÞËÅ ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ ÎÕÖÎÙÊ \CD{} (ÉÌÉ \DVD{} Ó + ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÅÊ \dirname{texlive}), ÎÁÖÁ× ÎÁ ËÎÏÐËÕ \guiseq{CD/DVD}. + +\item ýÅÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ ËÎÏÐËÕ \guiseq{Search} × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ \guiseq{Buttons} + ÞÔÏÂÙ ×ÙÚ×ÁÔØ ÉÌÉ ÏÂÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÐÁËÅÔÏ× × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ \guiseq{Select + packages to\dots} + + ðÒÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÉ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÓÐÉÓÏË ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÓÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÓÏ + ÓÐÉÓËÏÍ ÎÁ \CD/\DVD. ôÏÌØËÏ ÎÅÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ × + ÍÅÎÀ. ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÁÍÉ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ, ÞÔÏ ÉÍÅÎÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ. + + ðÒÉ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÉ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÓÐÉÓÏË + ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×. + + úÁÍÅÔØÔÅ, ÞÔÏ × ÍÅÎÀ \guiseq{Add packages} É \guiseq{Remove + packages} ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÓÐÉÓÏË ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÊ. + +\item ÷ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ ÐÁËÅÔ, Ý£ÌËÎÕ× ÎÁ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅ ÐÁËÅÔÁ. ëÎÏÐËÁ + \guiseq{Info} × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ \guiseq{Buttons} ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ËÒÁÔËÏÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÅ + ×ÙÂÒÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÐÁËÅÔÁ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ \guiseq{Info about the selected item}. + þÔÏÂÙ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÓÒÁÚÕ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÛÉ Ctrl ÉÌÉ + Shift É Ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÌÅ×ÏÊ ËÌÁ×ÉÛÅÊ ÍÙÛËÉ, ÉÌÉ ÚÁÖÍÉÔÅ ÌÅ×ÕÀ ËÌÁ×ÉÛÕ É + ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÍÙÛËÏÊ. + +\item ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ ËÎÏÐËÕ \guiseq{Install} ÉÌÉ \guiseq{Remove} × + ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ \guiseq{Buttons} ÄÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÅÓÔÉ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÍÏÅ + ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÅ. +\end{itemize} + + +\subsection{ëÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÑ É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÉ×ÎÙÅ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ} + +îÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ \guiseq{Manage the installation} ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔÓÑ ËÎÏÐËÉ ÄÌÑ +ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÑÚÙËÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÎÅ ÂÙÌ ×ÙÂÒÁÎ ÐÒÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ, +ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ/ÒÅÇÅÎÅÒÁÃÉÑ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÎÅ ÂÙÌ ×ÙÂÒÁÎ ÐÒÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ +ÉÌÉ ÂÙÌ ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÎ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. + +íÏÖÎÏ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÅÓÔÉ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ: +\begin{itemize} +\item ïÂÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÂÁÚÕ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ \filename{ls-R} +\item óÏÚÄÁÔØ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÙ (÷ÓÅ ÉÌÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ) +\item òÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ \filename{language.dat} +\item òÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ \filename{fmtutil.cnf} +\item òÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ \filename{updmap.cfg} +\end{itemize} + +ðÒÉÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ: ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁËÒÙÔØ ÏËÎÏ \guiseq{Edit\dots} ËÎÏÐËÏÊ +\guiseq{Cancel} ÉÌÉ ËÎÏÐËÏÊ \guiseq{Done}. ÷ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ +ÎÁÞÎ£Ô ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÎÏ×Ï ÆÁÊÌÙ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ× (ÉÌÉ ËÁÒÔÙ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù +ÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉ \filename{updmap.cfg}), ÐÏÓÌÅ ÞÅÇÏ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÏÂÏÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ ÂÁÚÁ +ÄÁÎÎÙÈ \filename{ls-R}. + +âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÁ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ~\ref{sec:persconf}, +\p.\pageref{sec:persconf}. + +\subsection{õÄÁÌÅÎÉÅ \protect\TL{}} + +óÔÒÁÎÉÃÁ \guiseq{Remove the TeX Live installation} ÏÔËÒÙ×ÁÅÔ ÏËÎÏ Ó +ËÎÏÐËÁÍÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÓÔ\'ÏÉÔ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ. íÙ ÎÅ ÚÎÁÅÍ ÎÉËÏÇÏ, ËÏÍÕ ÂÙ +ÏÎÉ ÍÏÇÌÉ ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÉÔØÓÑ\dots :-) + + +÷ ÌÀÂÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ, ÅÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ \path|texmf-local| ÄÌÑ +×ÁÛÉÈ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÈ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÊ, ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÑ ÎÅ ÓÏÔÒ£Ô ÎÉ Å£, ÎÉ +ÆÁÊÌÏ× × ÜÔÏÊ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ. äÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ \path|setup-win32|, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÁÑ +\cmdname{tlpmgui} É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÔÁËÖÅ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÁ. ÷ÁÍ +ÐÒÉÄ£ÔÓÑ ÕÄÁÌÑÔØ ÜÔÉ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ×ÒÕÞÎÕÀ. + + +\subsection{äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ×ÁÛÉÈ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× Ë ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Õ} + +÷Ï-ÐÅÒ×ÙÈ, ÞÔÏ ÂÙ ×Ù ÎÉ ÄÅÌÁÌÉ, \textbf{ÎÅ ÚÁÂÕÄØÔÅ ÐÅÒÅÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ + ÂÁÚÕ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÉͣΠÆÁÊÌÏ× \filename{ls-R}.} éÎÁÞÅ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÅ +ÂÕÄÕÔ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÙ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ. ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÜÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÔØ ÌÉÂÏ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÕÀ +ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÕ \cmdname{tlpmgui}, ×ÙÂÒÁ× ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÅ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÅ ÎÁ +ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ \guiseq{Manage the installation}, ÌÉÂÏ ×ÒÕÞÎÕÀ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ +ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ \file{mktexlsr}. + +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÎÅÔ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å \TL{}, ÌÕÞÛÅ +×ÓÅÇÏ ÉÈ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÔØ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ \path|$TEXMFLOCAL|. ôÏÇÄÁ ÏÎÉ +ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÔÓÑ ÐÒÉ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÉ \TL. + +äÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ \path|$TEXMFLOCAL| ÐÅÒ×ÏÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏ ÐÕÓÔÁ. åÓÌÉ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ×Ù +ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ×ÙÞÉÓÌÅÎÉÊ +Maple, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÏÌÏÖÉÔØ ÓÔÉÌÅ×ÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ × +\path|c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-local\tex\latex\maple\|, Á ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ × + \path|c:\TeXLive2005\texmf-local\doc\latex\maple\|. + + +\subsection{úÁÐÕÓË \texttt{tlmp.exe} ÉÚ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ} + +õ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ \texttt{tlmp.exe}, ËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÁÑ +ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÁ \cmdname{tlmpgui}, ÅÓÔØ ÒÑÄ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÙÈ ËÌÀÞÅÊ. ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ +ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÓÐÉÓÏË ËÌÀÞÅÊ, ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉ× +\begin{verbatim} +tlpm --help +\end{verbatim} + +äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ × ÆÁÊÌÅ \filename{tlmp.readme}. + +\subsection{õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ} + +\KPS{} ÚÎÁÅÔ ÐÒÏ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÅ ÄÉÓËÉ, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÉÈ ÄÌÑ +ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÒÁÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï \path{TEXMF} ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ. îÏ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÓÔÕÐÉÔØ +ÅÝ£ ÐÒÏÝÅ. ÷ÓÅ \TeX{}Ï×ÓËÉÅ É ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ×Ó£, ËÒÏÍÅ +ÆÁÊÌÏ× × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ +\path|bin/win32| ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ × ÏÄÎÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ × ×ÅÒÓÉÑÈ \teTeX{} +ÉÌÉ \TL{} ÐÏÄ àÎÉËÓÏÍ. üÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ +óÁÍÂÕ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÉÓËÉ ÌÉÂÏ Ó ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ \acro{NT} ÎÁ ÒÁÂÏÞÕÀ +ÓÔÁÎÃÉÀ ÐÏÄ àÎÉËÓÏÍ, ÌÉÂÏ ÎÁÏÂÏÒÏÔ. ÷ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÓÔÒÁÔÅÇÉÊ: +\begin{itemize} +\item ðÏÌÏÖÉÔÅ ×Ó£ ÎÁ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ. äÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ × + ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÕÀ ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ \path|bin|, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, + \path|bin/win32| É \path|bin/i386-linux|. úÁÔÅÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ ×ÁÛÉ + ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ. ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÅ ÉÍÅÎÁ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÚÁÄÁÔØ + ÎÕÖÎÙÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÐÏÄ Win32. +\item õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÅ ËÏÐÉÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ É ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ×. ÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ + ÚÁÄÁÊÔÅ × ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ \path|$TEXMFMAIN| ÇÌÁ×ÎÏÅ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï \path|texmf|, + ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÌÅÖÉÔ ÎÁ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÅ. õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ \path|$VARTEXMF| ÎÁ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÕÀ + ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ Ó ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÍÉ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÁÍÉ É Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ + ÓÏÚÄÁÎÎÙÍÉ + ÆÁÊÌÁÍÉ. +\end{itemize} + + +\subsection{þÅÍ Windows ÏÔÌÉÞÁÀÔÓÑ ÏÔ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ?} + +÷ÅÒÓÉÑ \Webc{} ÄÌÑ Windows ÏÔÌÉÞÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÍÉ ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÅÓËÉÍÉ +ÞÅÒÔÁÍÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÓÔ\'ÏÉÔ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ. + +\begin{description} +\item[\KPS{}] èÅÛÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÓÔÒÏÉÔ \KPS{} ÄÌÑ \TL, ÄÏ×ÏÌØÎÏ ×ÅÌÉËÉ. + þÔÏÂÙ ÕÍÅÎØÛÉÔØ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÓÔÁÒÔÁ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÉÈ \KPS, + ÜÔÉ ÈÅÛÉ ËÌÁÄÕÔÓÑ × ÏÂÝÕÀ ÐÁÍÑÔØ. ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ, ËÏÇÄÁ ×Ù ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔÅ + ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÔÁËÉÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÀÝÉÈ ÄÒÕÇ ÄÒÕÇÁ (\path|tex| ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÅÔ + \path|mpost|, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÅÔ \path|tex|), ÎÁËÌÁÄÎÙÅ ÒÁÓÈÏÄÙ ÎÁ + ÚÁÐÕÓË ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÉÚ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ ÍÅÎØÛÅ. üÔÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÎÅ×ÉÄÉÍÏ ÄÌÑ + ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, ÚÁ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÑ, ËÏÇÄÁ ×Ù ×ÙÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔÅ ÆÌÁÇ + ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ \cmdname{kpathsea} ÎÁ \path|-1|: ×Ù ÔÏÇÄÁ ÎÁÞÉÎÁÅÔÅ + ÔÒÁÓÓÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë ÏÂÝÅÊ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ, ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÅ ÓÏ×ÓÅÍ ÔÏ, ÞÔÏ ×ÁÍ + ÎÁÄÏ (Ë ÎÅÊ ÏÞÅÎØ ÍÎÏÇÏ ÏÂÒÁÝÅÎÉÊ). íÙ ÅÝ£ ÎÅ ×ÙÑÓÎÉÌÉ, ÞÔÏ ÉÍÅÎÎÏ + ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ × ÌÏÇÅ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ Ë ÏÂÝÅÊ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ÓÉÔÕÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ + ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØÓÑ × ÂÕÄÕÝÅÍ. +\item[\cmdname{kpsecheck}] üÔÁ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ + ÏÐÃÉÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÐÏÄÏÛÌÉ ËÏÍÁÎÄÅ \cmdname{kpsewhich}. ïÎÁ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔ + ×ÁÍ ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÉÔØ ×ÓÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÓÔÒÅÞÁÀÔÓÑ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÒÁÚ × + ÄÅÒÅ×ØÑÈ \path{texmf}. üÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÄÏÂÎÏ, ÎÏ ËÁË ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ, ×Ù + ÂÕÄÅÔÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÔØ ÎÅÎÕÖÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ, (×ÒÏÄÅ ÄÅÓÑÔËÏ× ÆÁÊÌÏ× + \path|README|). üÔÉ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÒÉ×ÅÌÉ ÂÙ Ë ÐÒÏÔÉ×ÏÒÅÞÉÑÍ × ÈÅÛÁÈ + \KPS{}; Ë ÓÞÁÓÔØÀ, \KPS{} ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ ÉÈ ÎÅ ÉÝÅÔ. ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ + ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÑÔØ ÏÐÃÉÀ \path|-multiple-occurences| Ó Ä×ÕÍÑ ÄÒÕÇÉÍÉ ÏÐÃÉÑÍÉ + ÄÌÑ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÉÌÉ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×, ÞØÉ ÉÍÅÎÁ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÔ + ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌ£ÎÎÏÍÕ ÛÁÂÌÏÎÕ (×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÉÔØ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÛÁÂÌÏÎÏ×). + + ëÏÍÁÎÄÁ \cmdname{kpsecheck} ÓÏÏÂÝÁÅÔ ÔÁËÖÅ ÓÔÁÔÕÓ ÏÂÝÅÊ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ: + ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÌÉ ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ. üÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ ÚÎÁÔØ, + ÐÏÔÏÍÕ ÞÔÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÓÔÁÔÕÓ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ \samp{in use}, ÚÎÁÞÉÔ, ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎ ÏÄÉÎ + ÉÌÉ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏ×, É ÜÆÆÅËÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ \cmdname{mktexlsr} ÍÏÖÅÔ + ÂÙÔØ ÏÔÌÏÖÅÎ ÄÏ ÔÅÈ ÐÏÒ, ÐÏËÁ ×ÓÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÙ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÉÅ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÕ + \KPS{}, ÎÅ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÔÓÑ. + + îÁËÏÎÅÃ, ÜÔÁ ÖÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÓÏÏÂÝÁÅÔ Ï ÔÏÍ, ÇÄÅ ÐÏ Å£ ÍÎÅÎÉÀ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ + Ghostscript. ðÏÄ Win32 ÄÌÑ ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ ÐÒÏÝÅ ÉÓËÁÔØ + Ghostscript dll ÐÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÀ ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒÁ, ÞÅÍ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ + \path|PATH|, ÄÌÉÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ 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ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{printing} ÎÉÖÅ. + +\subsubsection{WinDvi} +\label{sub:windvi} + +ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \file{tlmpgui.exe} ÎÅ ÁÓÓÏÃÉÉÒÕÅÔ ÆÁÊÌÙ Ó ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÅÍ +\file{.dvi} Ó ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ \file{Windvi} É ÎÅ ÓÏÚÄÁ£Ô ÉËÏÎÙ ÎÁ ÄÅËÓÔÏÐÅ, +ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÜÔÏ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÓÁÍÉ. + +ïÔËÒÏÊÔÅ \cmdname{windvi}, Ý£ÌËÎÕ× ÎÁ ÉËÏÎËÕ ÉÌÉ ÉÚ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ. + +÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÄÁÔØ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÂÕÍÁÇÉ US letter ÉÚ ÍÅÎÀ \guiseq{View\arw + Options\arw Papertype} É ×ÙÂÒÁ× US (8.5\verb+"+ x 11\verb+"+) (Á +ÚÁÔÅÍ \optname{OK}). + +÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ, ËÁË ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ +ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ÉÚ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁ (ÚÁÐÒÅÝ£ÎÎÕÀ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÉÚ +ÓÏÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÊ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ). ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ÐÒÉ ÐÅÒ×ÏÍ ÚÁÐÕÓËÅ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ +ÒÅÛÉÔØ, ÞÔÏ ÍÁÓÛÔÁ ÞÅÒÅÓÞÕÒ ×ÅÌÉË. éÚÍÅÎÉÔÅ ÅÇÏ É ÎÁÊÄÉÔÅ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÝÅÅ +ÄÌÑ ×ÁÓ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ. + + +÷ÓÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ \cmdname{Windvi} ÈÒÁÎÑÔÓÑ × ÆÁÊÌÅ +\path|windvi.cnf|. ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÅÇÏ ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ +\begin{verbatim} +c:\>kpsewhich --expand-var $HOME/windvi.cnf +\end{verbatim} + +åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ×ÏÚÎÉËÎÕÔ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ Ó \cmdname{Windvi}, ÕÄÁÌÉÔÅ +ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ É ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ, ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÌÉ ×Ó£ × ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÏÊ +ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ. + +\subsection{ôÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ} + +ïÂÝÉÅ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÀ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ × +ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ~\ref{sec:test-install} (\p.\pageref{sec:test-install}). ÷ ÜÔÏÍ +ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÔÅÓÔÙ, ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÄÌÑ Windows. + +ïÔËÒÏÊÔÅ ÆÁÊÌ \verb+sample2e.tex+ × ×ÁÛÅÍ ÒÅÄÁËÔÏÒÅ (Xemacs, +WinShell). üÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, +\path|C:\TeXLive2005\texmf-dist\tex\latex\base|. îÁ ÜËÒÁÎÅ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔØÓÑ +ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÊ ËÏÄ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ \LaTeX. óËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÕÊÔÅ ÅÇÏ, Ý£ÌËÎÕ× ÐÏ ÍÅÎÀ +\guiseq{Command\arw LaTeX} (XEmacs) ÉÌÉ ÉËÏÎËÅ <<\LaTeX>> +(WinShell), ÚÁÔÅÍ ÐÏÓÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ ÎÁ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ, Ý£ÌËÎÕ× ÐÏ ÍÅÎÀ +\guiseq{Command\arw View DVI} (XEmacs) ÉÌÉ ÉËÏÎËÅ <<Preview (Windvi)>> +(WinShell). + +ðÒÉ ÐÅÒ×ÏÍ ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÅ ÆÁÊÌÏ× Windvi, ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÓÏÚÄÁÓÔ ÜËÒÁÎÎÙÅ +ÛÒÉÆÔÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ. þÅÒÅÚ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ +Â\'ÏÌØÛÁÑ ÞÁÓÔØ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× ÂÕÄÅÔ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÁ, É ×Ù ÂÕÄÅÔÅ ×ÉÄÅÔØ ÏËÏÛËÏ +ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× ÏÞÅÎØ ÒÅÄËÏ. + +\textbf{óÏ×ÅÔ ÎÁ ÂÕÄÕÝÅÅ:} åÓÌÉ \LaTeX\ ÏÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ, ÐÏÔÏÍÕ ÞÔÏ ÎÅ +ÍÏÖÅÔ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÕÖÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÎÁÖÁÔØ \code{Ctrl-z}, ÞÔÏÂÙ ×ÙÊÔÉ +ÉÚ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ. + + +\subsection{ðÅÞÁÔØ} +\label{printing} + +÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÚ \cmdname{Windvi}. ÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÐÅÞÁÔØ ÂÕÄÅÔ +ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔØÓÑ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÕÎÉ×ÅÒÓÁÌØÎÙÊ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ Windows. ïÎ ÐÏ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÀ +ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍ ÓÏ ×ÓÅÍÉ ÐÒÉÎÔÅÒÁÍÉ. îÏ Õ ÎÅÇÏ ÅÓÔØ ÎÅÄÏÓÔÁÔÏË: ÏÎ ÍÏÖÅÔ +ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÇÒÏÍÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÍÅÖÕÔÏÞÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, É ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ (ÓÔÁÒÙÅ) ×ÅÒÓÉÉ +Windows ÉÈ ÎÅ ÌÀÂÑÔ. åÇÏ ÐÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï × ÔÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÓÔÁ×ÌÑÔØ +ÇÒÁÆÉËÕ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ \acro{BMP} ÉÌÉ \acro{WMF}. ÷ÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÎÁÄÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ +×ÙÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ ÐÅÞÁÔÉ (ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sub:windvi}), ÉÎÁÞÅ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ +ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÕÍÅÎØÛÅÎÎÕÀ ÉÌÉ Õ×ÅÌÉÞÅÎÎÕÀ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÕ (ÐÅÞÁÔØ Ó ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÅÍ +600\dpi{} ÎÁ ÐÒÉÎÔÅÒÅ Ó ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÅÍ 300\dpi{} ÄÁÓÔ ×ÁÍ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÞÅÔ×ÅÒÔØ +ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ). + +ðÅÞÁÔØ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÂÙÓÔÒÅÅ É ÎÁÄ£ÖÎÅÅ, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔÅ \cmdname{dvips}, +ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌ \filename{.ps}, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔÅ ÅÇÏ ÉÚ +\cmdname{GSView}. ÷ \cmdname{GSview} ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ \guiseq{File\arw + Print\ldots}. ðÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÏËÎÏ \guiseq{Print}. + +åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ \PS{}-ÐÒÉÎÔÅÒ, \textit{ÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ +\guiseq{\PS{} Printer}}. üÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ × ÍÅÎÀ \guiseq{Print Method} +×ÎÉÚÕ ÓÌÅ×Á × ÏËÎÅ \guiseq{Print}. ÷Ù ÚÁÔÅÍ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÌÀÂÏÊ ÉÚ +ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÒÉÎÔÅÒÏ×. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ \optname{\PS{} + Printer}, ÐÅÞÁÔØ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ. + +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ÎÅ \PS{}-ÐÒÉÎÔÅÒ, ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ +\guiseq{Ghostscript device} × ÍÅÎÀ \guiseq{Print Method}, ÚÁÔÅÍ +Ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ ËÎÏÐËÕ ÓÐÒÁ×Á \guiseq{djet500} É ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ ×ÁÛÅ ÐÒÉÎÔÅÒ ÉÚ +ÐÏÑ×É×ÛÅÇÏÓÑ ÓÐÉÓËÁ. (÷ ÓÔÁÒÙÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÑÈ +\cmdname{GSView} ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ, ÞÔÏ \optname{\PS{} Printer} \textit{ÎÅ} +×ÙÂÒÁÎ, É ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ ÐÒÉÎÔÅÒ ÉÚ ÓÐÉÓËÁ \guiseq{Device}.) + + +\subsection{óÏ×ÅÔÙ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ Win32} + +\subsubsection{òÁÚÎÙÅ ÔÉÐÙ Win32} + +ôÏ, ÞÔÏ ÍÙ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÍ Win32, ÎÅ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ ÓÁÍÏ ÐÏ +ÓÅÂÅ. üÔÏ ÂÏÌØÛÏÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÆÕÎËÃÉÊ (ÏËÏÌÏ 12\,000 × ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÁÈ +\acro{SDK} ÏÔ íÉËÒÏÓÏÆÔÁ), ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÎÁÐÉÓÁÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ +ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÎÙÈ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÓÅÍÅÊÓÔ×Á Windows. + +åÓÔØ ÒÁÚÎÙÅ ÔÉÐÙ +Windows: +\begin{itemize} +\item Win95, Win98 É Win\acro{ME}, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ \emph{ÎÅ Ñ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ + ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÉÍÉ ÍÎÏÇÏÚÁÄÁÞÎÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ.} üÔÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ "---ÂÕÄÅÍ + ÎÁÄÅÑÔØÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ÎÁ ÓÁÍÏÍ ÄÅÌÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ "---ÒÅÉÎËÁÒÎÁÃÉÉ \acro{DOS}. üÔÏ + ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÉÌÉ ÍÅÎÅÅ ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÄÏËÁÚÁÎÏ ÎÁÂÌÀÄÅÎÉÅÍ ÚÁ + ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÍ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ. \acro{PC} ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÔ \path|command.com|. åÓÌÉ + ×Ù ÏÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÐÒÏÓÉÔØ ÔÅËÕÝÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ + \acro{DOS}, É ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÏÔ×ÅÔÉÔ ÞÔÏ-ÔÏ ×ÒÏÄÅ \samp{MS-DOS 7.0} (ÐÏ + ËÒÁÊÎÅÊ ÍÅÒÅ × ÓÔÁÒÛÉÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÑÈ Win9x). +\item Windows \acro{NT}, ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ, ÎÁÐÉÓÁÎÎÁÑ Ó + ÎÕÌÑ, ÓÐÏÓÏÂÎÁÑ Ë ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÅÊ ÍÎÏÇÏÚÁÄÁÞÎÏÓÔÉ, É ×ËÌÀÞÁÀÝÁÑ ÍÎÏÇÏ + ×ÙÓÏËÏÕÒÏ×ÎÅ×ÙÈ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÅÊ. +\item Windows 2000, ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÎÁÑ ÎÁ \acro{NT}, ÎÏ ÓÏ ×ÓÅÍÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÑÍÉ + Win98. +\item Windows \acro{XP}, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÂÙ×ÁÅÔ Personal É Pro. üÔÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÊ + ÛÁÇ × ÓÌÉÑÎÉÉ Ä×ÕÈ ÌÉÎÅÅË ÐÒÏÄÕËÔÏ× (Win9x É + \acro{NT}). \acro{XP} ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÁ ÎÁ \acro{NT}. +\end{itemize} + + +Win9x ÍÏÇÕÔ ÏÄÎÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ 32 É 16-ÂÉÔÏ×ÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ. îÏ +ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÓÁÍÁ ÎÁÐÉÓÁÎÁ ÎÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ × 32-ÂÉÔÏ×ÏÍ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ, É +ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÚÁÝÉÝ£ÎÎÙÊ ÒÅÖÉÍ: 16-ÂÉÔÏ×ÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÍÏÇÕÔ +ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÁÔØ ÐÁÍÑÔØ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ! îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÞÁÓÔÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, +ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, \acro{GDI} (Graphical Device Interface, ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ Ë +ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÉÍ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×ÁÍ) ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÔ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÎÙÍÉ ÒÅÓÕÒÓÁÍÉ, ×ÒÏÄÅ +ÂÉÔÍÁÐÏ×, ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× É Ô.Ä. 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(îÁ \acro{NTFS} ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ËÌÁÓÔÅÒÁ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÕÍÅÎØÛÉÔØ ÄÏ +512 ÂÁÊÔ.) + +\subsubsection{ëÁË ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ × PATH} + +åÓÔØ ÐÁÒÙ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ É ÉÈ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÅÄÕÔ ÓÅÂÑ ËÁË ÇÌÏÂÁÌØÎÙÅ +ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ. îÁÂÏÒ ÔÁËÉÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ +\emph{ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÅÍ}. ëÁÖÄÁÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÅÔ ËÏÐÉÀ ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ +ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ. ïÎÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÏÐÒÏÓÉÔØ ÉÌÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÌÀÂÏÊ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ. +éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔ Ó ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÐÉÅÊ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ, É ÎÅ ÐÅÒÅÈÏÄÉÔ × +ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ. + +ðÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ \envname{PATH} "---ÏÓÏÂÁÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÁÑ ÄÌÑ +ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÍÙÈ ×ÁÍÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ. ïÎÁ ÚÁÄÁ£ÔÓÑ ÐÏ-ÒÁÚÎÏÍÕ × Win9x, +WinME and NT/2K/XP: + +\begin{description} +\item[Windows 95/98] ïÔÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÕÊÔÅ ÆÁÊÌ \path|autoexec.bat|. ÷ ÜÔÏÍ + ÆÁÊÌÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÂÙÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÁ, ÎÁÞÉÎÁÀÝÁÑÓÑ Ó \texttt{PATH=}, ÐÏÓÌÅ ÞÅÇÏ + ÓÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ, ÒÁÚÄÅÌ£ÎÎÙÈ \path|;|. äÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ + ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ Ó ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ \TL{} Ë ÓÐÉÓËÕ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÔÁË: +\begin{verbatim} +PATH=c:\windows;c:\windows\system;c:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32 +\end{verbatim} +\item[Windows ME] ÷ÁÍ ÎÁÄÏ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÕÀ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ + \path|c:\windows\system\msconfig.exe| ÞÔÏÂÙ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ + ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ. ÷ ÜÔÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ <<Environment>> É ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔÅ + ÎÕÖÎÙÅ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ. ÷ÁÍ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÅÎÏ ÒÅÓÔÁÒÔÏ×ÁÔØ ÍÁÛÉÎÕ ÐÏÓÌÅ + ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ. +\item[Windows NT/2K/XP] ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÌÅ×ÏÊ ËÌÁ×ÉÛÅÊ ÍÙÛËÉ ÎÁ \guiseq{Start + \arw Settings \arw Control Panel}. ïÔËÒÏÅÔÓÑ ÏËÎÏ Ó ÉËÏÎËÁÍÉ + ÐÁÎÅÌÉ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ. ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ <<System>>. ïÔËÒÏÅÔÓÑ ÏËÎÏ <<System + Properties>>. ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ \textsf{Environment} ÉÌÉ ÎÁÊÄÉÔÅ + \guiseq{Environment Variables} ÓÒÅÄÉ ÄÉÁÌÏÇÏ×ÙÈ ÏËÏÎ. ôÅÐÅÒØ ×Ù + ÓÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÅ ÄÌÑ ÓÅÂÑ. ðÒÉÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ: ÔÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏËÁÚÁÎÏ + ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÅ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÅ. ïÂÙÞÎÏ ×Ù ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ + ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ, ÅÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÎÅÔ ÐÒÁ× ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÁ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ + ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ \envname{PATH} ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ, ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ×ÁÛÅÍÕ + ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÍÕ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÕ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÓÁÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÊ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒ, + ×Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÐÏÎÉÍÁÔØ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÄÅÌÁÅÔÅ. + + åÓÌÉ ÔÁÍ ÕÖÅ ÅÓÔØ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ \envname{PATH}, Ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ + \envname{PATH}. ÷ ÐÏÌÅ \textsf{Variable} ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ \texttt{PATH}, Á + × ÐÏÌÅ \textsf{Value} ÔÅËÕÝÅÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ: ÓÐÉÓÏË ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ, + ÒÁÚÄÅÌ£ÎÎÙÈ \path|;|. äÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ, ÇÄÅ ÒÁÓÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÙ ÎÕÖÎÙÅ + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, \path|c:\TeXLive2005\bin\win32|. + åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÎÅ ÚÁÄÁÎÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ \envname{PATH}, Ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ ÐÏÌÅ + \textsf{Variable} É ×ÐÅÞÁÔÁÊÔÅ \texttt{PATH}, Ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ ÐÏÌÅ + \textsf{Value} É ×ÐÅÞÁÔÁÊÔÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ. + ÷ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ: ý£ÌËÎÉÔÅ ÎÁ \textsf{Apply} ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ, ËÁË ÎÁÖÁÔØ + \textsf{Ok}, ÉÎÁÞÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ \envname{PATH} ÎÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔÓÑ. âÕÄØÔÅ + ÏÞÅÎØ ÁËËÕÒÁÔÎÙ, ÉÚÍÅÎÑÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ. +\end{description} + +ìÕÞÛÉÊ ÓÐÏÓÏ ÕÂÅÄÉÔØÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ: +ÏÔËÒÏÊÔÅ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ É ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÊÔÅ +\begin{verbatim} +set VARIABLE +\end{verbatim} +ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ Å£ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ. + +\subsubsection{ëÏÍÐÉÌÑÔÏÒÙ \TeX{}Á} + +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ×ÚÇÌÑÎÅÔÅ × ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ \Webc{}, ×Ù Õ×ÉÄÉÔÅ, +ÞÔÏ ×ÓÅ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×Å \TeX{}Á ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ ÏÄÉÎ É ÔÏÔ +ÖÅ ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÔÏÒ, îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, \path|tex.exe| É \path|latex.exe| Ñ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ +ËÏÐÉÑÍÉ ÏÄÎÏÊ É ÔÏÊ ÖÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ, ÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÙ × +ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÔÏÇÏ, ÐÏÄ ËÁËÉÍ ÉÍÅÎÅÍ ÏÎÉ ×ÙÚ×ÁÎÙ. + +ðÏÄ àÎÉËÓÏÍ ÜÔÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÎÏ ÐÕÔ£Í ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ \emph{ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÉÞÅÓËÉÈ + ÓÓÙÌÏË}. üÔÏ ÜËÏÎÏÍÉÔ ÍÁÓÓÕ ÍÅÓÔÁ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ, ÐÏÔÏÍÕ ÞÔÏ ÏÄÉÎ É ÔÏÔ ÖÅ +ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÔÏÒ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÍÎÏÇÉÍÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ. + +API Win32 ÎÅ ÚÎÁÅÔ ÐÒÏ ÓÓÙÌËÉ. ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÜËÏÎÏÍÉÔØ ÍÅÓÔÏ, ×ÓÅ +ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ \TeX{}Á ÕÐÁËÏ×ÁÎÙ × DLL (\emph{Dynamic Linked + Library}, ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÉ ÐÏÄÇÒÕÖÁÅÍÁÑ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ). üÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ Õ +×ÁÓ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÔÁËÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ: +\begin{alltt} +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 latex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 3 584 pdfetex.exe +18/09/2005 14:19 524 288 tl90pdfetex.dll +\end{alltt} +É ÆÁÊÌ \path|latex.exe| ÎÁ ÓÁÍÏÍ ÄÅÌÅ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ËÏÐÉÅÊ +\path|pdfetex.exe|, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÅÊ ÔÏÔ ÖÅ \path|tl90pdfetex.dll|. +üÔÏÔ ÖÅ ÍÅÔÏÄ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ \path|mktex*.exe|, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ +×ÙÚÙ×ÁÀÔ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÕ \path|mktex.dll|, + +íÙ ×ËÌÀÞÉÌÉ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ \path|irun.exe| ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÁÎÁÌÏÇÁ +ÀÎÉËÓÏ×ÓËÉÈ Ö£ÓÔËÉÈ ÓÓÙÌÏË ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ ÐÏÄ Win32. + +\subsection{þÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÔØ × ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ} +\label{sec:troubleshooting} + +\subsubsection{þÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÔØ, ÅÓÌÉ \texttt{latex} ÎÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔ ×ÁÛÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×?} + +\begin{itemize} + +\item ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \cmdname{kpsewhich} ÐÏÍÏÇÁÅÔ × ÏÔÌÁÄËÅ. ë ÓÏÖÁÌÅÎÉÀ, + \cmdname{kpsewhich} ×ÙÄÁ£Ô ÏÔÌÁÄÏÞÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÎÁ + \cmdname{stderr}, Á ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÐÏÄ ËÏÎÓÏÌØÀ Windows ÎÅ ÚÎÁÀÔ, ËÁË + ÓÂÒÏÓÉÔØ \cmdname{stderr} × ÆÁÊÌ. (ëÏÎÓÏÌØ × NT and Win2k + ÍÏÖÅÔ ÜÔÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ, ÎÏ ÓÐÏÓÏÂ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÊ ÚÄÅÓØ, ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ × ÌÀÂÏÊ + ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ). äÌÑ ÄÉÁÇÎÏÓÔÉËÉ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ + ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ (× ÏËÎÅ \acro{DOS}): + +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=err.log +\end{verbatim} +÷Ù ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÕÒÏ×ÅÎØ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG=-1 +\end{verbatim} + +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÐÅÒÅÎÁÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ \cmdname{stderr} ÎÁ \cmdname{stdout}, +ÞÔÏ × ÏÂÝÅÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÄ Windows, ÓÄÅÌÁÊÔÅ ÔÁË: +\begin{verbatim} +SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=con: +\end{verbatim} +ôÅÐÅÒØ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÎÁÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ \cmdname{stderr} É \cmdname{stdout} × ÏÄÉÎ +É ÔÏÔ ÖÅ ÆÁÊÌ. + +\item ðÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÑ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÌÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÐÏÄ \path|c:/TeX|, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ: \\ + {\small + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $SELFAUTOPARENT| & \path|c:/TeX| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMF| & \path|c:/TeX/texmf....| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-path $TEXMFCNF| & + \path|.;c:/TeX/texmf-var/web2c;| \\ + \path|kpsewhich -expand-var $TEXINPUTS| & \path|.;c:/TeX/texmf/tex//| + \end{tabular} +} +\item åÓÌÉ × ×ÁÛÅÍ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÅÓÑ Ë \TeX Õ + ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ, ÐÏÖÁÌÕÊÓÔÁ, ÕÄÁÌÉÔÅ ÉÈ. ïÎÉ ÉÍÅÀÔ ÐÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÐÅÒÅÄ + ÔÅÍÉ. ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÚÁÄÁÎÙ × + \path{texmf.cnf}. +\item ðÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ×:\\ +{\small + \begin{tabular}{ll} + \texttt{kpsewhich cmr10.tfm} & \path|c:/TeX/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm|\\ + \texttt{kpsewhich latex.fmt}& \path|c:/TeX/texmf/web2c/latex.fmt| + \end{tabular} +} +\item åÓÌÉ ×Ó£ ÄÏ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÍÏÍÅÎÔÁ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ, \TeX{} É ÐÒÏÞÉÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ + ÄÏÌÖÎÙÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ. åÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ÎÅ ÔÁË, ÐÏÉÇÒÁÊÔÅÓØ Ó ÏÐÃÉÅÊ + \path|-debug=n| ÄÌÑ \path|kpsewhich|, É ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ×ÓÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ. + ðÏÐÙÔÁÊÔÅÓÔØ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔØ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÕ É ÓÏÏÂÝÉÔØ Á×ÔÏÒÕ. +\end{itemize} + +\subsubsection{þÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÔØ, ÅÓÌÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÒÏÉÚÏÛÌÁ ÎÅ ÔÁË, ËÁË ÏÖÉÄÁÌÏÓØ?} + +÷ÏÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ×ÅÝÅÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉÔØ: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item îÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÌÉ \file{tex.exe} × ÍÏÅÊ \path|PATH|? + +\item õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ ÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ \path|TEXMFCNF| ÎÁ + \path|c:/TeXLive2005/texmf-var/web2c| (ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)? + +\item åÓÔØ ÌÉ ÏÛÉÂËÉ × ÌÏÇÁÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ \file{tlmpgui.exe}? ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ + ÎÁÊÔÉ ÆÁÊÌ \file{tlmpgui.log} × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \file{TEMP}. éÝÉÔÅ + ÓÔÒÏËÕ \samp{Error} × ÜÔÏÍ ÆÁÊÌÅ. úÁÍÅÔØÔÅ, ÞÔÏ × ÌÏÇÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ + ÏËÁÚÁÔØÓÑ ÏÛÉÂËÉ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ×. îÅ ÎÁÄÏ + ÐÁÎÉËÏ×ÁÔØ: ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ, ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÙ ÎÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ. + +\item åÓÔØ ÌÉ ÏÂßÑ×ÌÅÎÉÅ Ï ÂÁÇÁÈ ÎÁ \url{http://tug.org/texlive/}? +(íÁÌÏ×ÅÒÏÑÔÎÏ, ÎÏ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉÔØ ÓÔ\'ÏÉÔ.) + + +\end{enumerate} + +äÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× \TL{} ÓÏÓÔÏÉÔ ÉÚ ÓÏÔÅÎ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ É ÄÅÓÑÔËÏ× ÔÙÓÑÞ +ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÉÚ ÒÁÚÎÙÈ ÉÓÔÏÞÎÉËÏ×. ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÏÞÅÎØ ÔÒÕÄÎÏ ÐÒÅÄÓËÁÚÁÔØ ×ÓÅ +×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÅ ÉÓÔÏÞÎÉËÉ ÏÛÉÂÏË. ôÅÍ ÎÅ ÍÅÎÅÅ ÍÙ ÐÏÐÙÔÁÅÍÓÑ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÍÏÞØ +(ÓÍ, ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sec:help} \p.~\pageref{sec:help}). + + + +% don't use \Webc so the \uppercase in the headline works. +\section{òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Ï ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ Web2C} + +\Webc{} "---ÜÔÏ ÉÎÔÅÇÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÁÑ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÈÓÑ Ë +\TeX{}Õ: ÓÁÍ \TeX{}, \MF{}, \MP, \BibTeX{}, É Ô.Ä. üÔÏ ÓÅÒÄÃÅ +\TL{}. + +îÅÍÎÏÇÏ ÉÓÔÏÒÉÉ. ðÅÒ×ÏÎÁÞÁÌØÎÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ ÂÙÌÁ ÎÁÐÉÓÁÎÁ ôÏÍÁÓÏÍ òÏËÉËÉ, +ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ × 1987 ÇÏÄÕ ÓÏÚÄÁÌ ÐÅÒ×ÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ \TeX{}-to-C, ÁÄÁÐÔÉÒÏ×Á× +ÆÁÊÌÙ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ ÄÌÑ àÎÉËÓÁ, ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÁÎÎÙÅ × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ çÏ×ÁÒÄÏÍ ôÒÉËÉ É +ðÁ×ÌÏÍ ëÕÒÔÉÓÏÍ. ôÉÍ íÏÒÇÁÎ ÓÔÁÌ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ, É × ÜÔÏÔ ÐÅÒÉÏÄ +Å£ ÉÍÑ ÓÍÅÎÉÌÏÓØ ÎÁ Web-to-C\@. ÷ 1990 ÇÏÄÕ ëÁÒÌ âÅÒÒÉ ×ÚÑÌÓÑ ÚÁ +ÒÁÂÏÔÕ, ËÏÏÒÄÉÎÉÒÕÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ ÄÅÓÑÔËÏ× ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÉÓÔÏ×, Á × 1997 ÏÎ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÌ +ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Ï ïÌÁÆÕ ÷ÅÂÅÒÕ. + +óÉÓÔÅÍÁ \Webc{} ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÎÁ àÎÉËÓÅ, 32-ÂÉÔÏ×ÙÈ Windows, \MacOSX{}, É +ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ. ïÎÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÏÒÉÇÉÎÁÌØÎÙÅ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÉËÉ +ëÎÕÔÁ ÄÌÑ \TeX{}Á É ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ÎÁÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ ÑÚÙËÅ \web{} É +ÐÅÒÅ×ÅÄ£ÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ C. ïÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ: + +\begin{cmddescription} +\item[bibtex] ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÇÒÁÆÉÊ. +\item[dmp] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ \cmdname{troff} × MPX (ËÁÒÔÉÎËÉ × \MP{}). +\item[dvicopy] òÁÓËÒÙ×ÁÅÔ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÙÅ ÛÒÉÆÔÙ × ÆÁÊÌÁÈ \dvi{}. +\item[dvitomp] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ \dvi{} × MPX (ÒÉÓÕÎËÉ × \MP{}). +\item[dvitype] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ \dvi{} × ÔÅËÓÔ. +\item[gftodvi] çÒÁÎËÉ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×. +\item[gftopk] õÐÁËÏ×ËÁ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× +\item[gftype] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ GF × ÔÅËÓÔ. +\item[makempx] ÷£ÒÓÔËÁ ÍÅÔÏË \MP{}. +\item[mf] óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×. +\item[mft] ÷£ÒÓÔËÁ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÉËÏ× \MF{}. +\item[mpost] óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÔÅÈÎÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÄÉÁÇÒÁÍÍ. +\item[mpto] éÚ×ÌÅÞÅÎÉÅ ÍÅÔÏË \MP{}. +\item[newer] óÒÁ×ÎÅÎÉÅ ÄÁÔ ÍÏÄÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ. +\item[patgen] óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÔÁÂÌÉà ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÏ×. +\item[pktogf] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ PK × GF. +\item[pktype] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ PK × ÔÅËÓÔ +\item[pltotf] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÉÚ ÓÐÉÓËÁ Ó×ÏÊÓÔ× ÛÒÉÆÔÁ × TFM. +\item[pooltype] ðÏËÁÚ ÆÁÊÌÏ× pool × \web{}. +\item[tangle] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ \web{} × Pascal. +\item[tex] ÷£ÒÓÔËÁ. +\item[tftopl] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ TFM × ÓÐÉÓÏË Ó×ÏÊÓÔ× ÛÒÉÆÔÁ. +\item[vftovp] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÛÒÉÆÔÁ × ÓÐÉÓÏË Ó×ÏÊÓÔ× ÛÒÉÆÔÁ. +\item[vptovf] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÓÐÉÓËÁ Ó×ÏÊÓÔ× ÛÒÉÆÔÁ × ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÙÊ ÛÒÉÆÔ. +\item[weave] ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ \web{} × \TeX. +\end{cmddescription} + +\noindent ðÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ ÜÔÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ × ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ Ë +ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÍ ÐÁËÅÔÁÍ É ÓÁÍÏÊ \Webc{}. ïÄÎÁËÏ ÚÎÁÎÉÅ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ +ÏÂÝÉÈ ÐÒÉÎÃÉÐÏ× ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÊ ÓÅÍØÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ ÐÏÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÌÎÅÅ +ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ \Webc{}. + +÷ÓÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ \acro{GNU}: +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[-{}-help] 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ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ. üÔÏ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ × +ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁÈ × ÔÏÍ ÖÅ ÐÏÒÑÄËÅ, × ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔ ÐÏÉÓË. + +úÁÍÅÔØÔÅ, ÞÔÏ ÉÍÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÉÓËÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÁÂÓÏÌÀÔÎÙÍ ÉÌÉ +ÏÔÎÏÓÉÔÅÌØÎÙÍ, Ô.Å. ÎÁÞÉÎÁÔØÓÑ Ó \samp{/}, ÉÌÉ \samp{./}, ÉÌÉ +\samp{../}, \KPS{} ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÑÅÔ, ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÌÉ ÆÁÊÌ. + +\ifSingleColumn +\else +\begin{figure*} +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\setlength{\abovecaptionskip}{0pt} + \caption{ðÒÉÍÅÒ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ} + \label{fig:config-sample} +\end{figure*} +\fi + +\subsubsection{éÓÔÏÞÎÉËÉ ÐÕÔÅÊ ÐÏÉÓËÁ} +\label{Path-sources} + +ðÕÔØ ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÍÅÔØ ÒÁÚÎÙÅ ÉÓÔÏÞÎÉËÉ. \KPS{} ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÉÈ × +ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÍ ÐÏÒÑÄËÅ: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ + \envname{TEXINPUTS}\@. ðÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ Ó ÔÏÞËÏÊ É ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅÍ + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÉÍÅÀÔ ÐÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï; ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ ÅÓÌÉ \samp{latex} "---ÉÍÑ + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ. ÔÏ \envname{TEXINPUTS.latex} ÉÍÅÅÔ ÐÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÐÅÒÅÄ + \envname{TEXINPUTS}. +\item + ëÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ, ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÅÓËÉÊ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, + ÓÔÒÏËÁ + \samp{S /a:/b} × \file{config.ps} ÄÌÑ \cmdname{dvips}. +\item + ëÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ \KPS{} \file{texmf.cnf}, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÉÊ ÓÔÒÏËÕ + ÔÉÐÁ + \samp{TEXINPUTS=/c:/d} (ÓÍ. ÎÉÖÅ). +\item úÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ, ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÅ ÐÒÉ ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÃÉÉ. +\end{enumerate} +\noindent ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ Õ×ÉÄÅÔØ ËÁÖÄÏÅ ÉÚ ÜÔÉÈ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÊ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÐÕÔÉ +ÐÏÉÓËÁ, ÚÁÄÁ× ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÕÒÏ×ÅÎØ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ (ÓÍ. <<ïÔÌÁÄËÁ>> +ÎÁ ÓÔÒ.~\pageref{Debugging}). + +\subsubsection{ëÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ} + +\begingroup\tolerance=3500 +\KPS{} ÞÉÔÁÅÔ \emph{ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ} +\file{texmf.cnf} ÄÌÑ ÚÁÄÁÎÉÑ Ó×ÏÉÈ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ×. ðÕÔØ ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÄÌÑ ÜÔÉÈ +ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ \envname{TEXMFCNF} (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÔÁËÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ +ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \file{texmf/web2c}). \emph{÷ÓÅ} ÎÁÊÄÅÎÎÙÅ +ÆÁÊÌÙ \file{texmf.cnf} ÂÕÄÕÔ ÐÒÏÞÉÔÁÎÙ, É ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ × ÂÏÌÅÅ ÒÁÎÎÉÈ +ÆÁÊÌÁÈ ÉÍÅÀÔ ÐÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÐÅÒÅÄ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑÍÉ × ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÚÄÎÉÈ. ôÁËÉÍ +ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ, ÅÓÌÉ ÐÕÔØ ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÚÁÄÁÎ ËÁË \verb|.:$TEXMF|, ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ × +\file{./texmf.cnf} ÉÍÅÀÔ ÐÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÐÅÒÅÄ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑÍÉ × +\verb|$TEXMF/texmf.cnf|. +\endgroup + +\begin{itemize} +\item + ëÏÍÍÅÎÔÁÒÉÉ ÎÁÞÉÎÁÀÔÓÑ Ó \code{\%} É ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÀÔÓÑ ÄÏ ËÏÎÃÁ ÓÔÒÏËÉ. +\item + ðÕÓÔÙÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ +\item + \bs{} × ËÏÎÃÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÅÎÉÅ, Ô.Å. ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ + ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÁÑ ÓÔÒÏËÁ. ðÒÏÂÅÌÙ × ÎÁÞÁÌÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÎÅ + ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ. +\item + ïÓÔÁ×ÛÉÅÓÑ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÉÍÅÀÔ ×ÉÄ +\begin{alltt} + \emph{variable}[.\emph{progname}] [=] \emph{value} +\end{alltt}% + ÇÄÅ \samp{=} É ÐÒÏÂÅÌÙ ×ÏËÒÕÇ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÏÐÕÓËÁÔØÓÑ. +\item + \ttvar{variable} ÍÏÖÅÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔØ ÌÀÂÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ, ËÒÏÍÅ ÐÒÏÂÅÌÁ, + \samp{=} ÉÌÉ \samp{.}, ÎÏ ÎÁÄ£ÖÎÅÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ ÐÒÉÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ + \samp{A-Za-z\_}. +\item + åÓÌÉ ÅÓÔØ \samp{.\var{progname}}, ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ ÏÔÎÏÓÉÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ Ë + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ + \texttt{\var{progname}} ÉÌÉ \texttt{\var{progname}.exe}. üÔÏ + ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ ÒÁÚÎÙÍ ×ÉÄÁÍ \TeX{}Á ÉÍÅÔØ ÒÁÚÎÙÅ ÐÕÔÉ ÐÏÉÓËÁ. +\item \var{value} ÍÏÖÅÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔØ ÌÀÂÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ, ËÒÏÍÅ + \code{\%} É \samp{@}. îÅÌØÚÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ + \code{\$\var{var}.\var{prog}} × ÐÒÁ×ÏÊ ÞÁÓÔÉ; ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÜÔÏÇÏ ×Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ + ÚÁÄÁÔØ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÕÀ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ. + \samp{;} × \var{value} ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ × \samp{:} ÐÏÄ àÎÉËÓÏÍ; ÜÔÏ + ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÔØ ÏÂÝÉÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÄÌÑ àÎÉËÓÁ, \acro{MS-DOS} É + Windows. +\item + ÷ÓÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÞÉÔÁÀÔÓÑ ÄÏ ÐÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏË, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ Ë ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÍ ÍÏÖÎÏ + ÏÂÒÁÝÁÔØÓÑ ÄÏ ÔÏÇÏ, ËÁË ÏÎÉ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÙ. +\end{itemize} +æÒÁÇÍÅÎÔ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ, ÉÌÌÀÓÔÒÉÒÕÀÝÉÊ ÜÔÉ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ ÐÒÉ×ÅģΠ+\ifSingleColumn +ÎÉÖÅ: + +\verbatiminput{examples/ex5.tex} +\else +ÐÒÉ×ÅģΠÎÁ òÉÓ.~\ref{fig:config-sample}. +\fi + +\subsubsection{ðÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÕÔÅÊ} +\label{Path-expansion} + + +\KPS{} ÒÁÚÐÏÚÎÁ£Ô ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌ£ÎÎÙÅ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ É ËÏÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ × +ÐÕÔÑÈ ÐÏÉÓËÁ, ÁÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÙÅ ËÏÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÑÍ × ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÈ ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÁÈ +àÎÉËÓÁ. îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÓÌÏÖÎÙÊ ÐÕÔØ +\verb+~$USER/{foo,bar}//baz+, ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ ×ÓÅ ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ +\file{foo} É \file{bar} × ÄÏÍÁÛÎÅÊ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ +\texttt{\$USER}, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ ÆÁÊÌ ÉÌÉ ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ \file{baz}. +üÔÏ ÏÂßÑÓÎÅÎÏ × ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ. + +%$ +\subsubsection{ðÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ} +\label{Default-expansion} + +\tolerance=2500 + +åÓÌÉ ÐÕÔØ ÐÏÉÓËÁ Ó ÎÁÉÂÏÌØÛÉÍ ÐÒÉÏÒÉÔÅÔÏÍ (ÓÍ. <<éÓÔÏÞÎÉËÉ ÐÕÔÅÊ>> ÎÁ +ÓÔÒ.~\pageref{Path-sources}) ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ \emph{ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÅ +Ä×ÏÅÔÏÞÉÅ} (× ÎÁÞÁÌÅ, × ËÏÎÃÅ, Ä×ÏÊÎÏÅ), \KPS{} ÚÁÍÅÎÑÅÔ ÅÇÏ +ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÍ ÐÏ ÐÒÉÏÒÉÔÅÔÕ ÐÕÔ£Í. åÓÌÉ ÜÔÏÔ ×ÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÎÙÊ ÐÕÔØ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ +ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÅ Ä×ÏÅÔÏÞÉÅ, ÔÏ ÖÅ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔ ÓÏ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÍ ÐÕÔ£Í. +îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÅÓÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ ÚÁÄÁÎÁ ËÁË + +\tolerance=1500 + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{setenv TEXINPUTS /home/karl:} +\end{alltt} +É \code{TEXINPUTS} × ÆÁÊÌÅ \file{texmf.cnf} ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ + +\begin{alltt} + .:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} +ÔÏ ÐÏÉÓË ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔØ Ó ÐÕÔ£Í + +\begin{alltt} + /home/karl:.:\$TEXMF//tex +\end{alltt} + +ðÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÂÙÌÏ ÂÙ ÂÅÓÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ ×ÓÔÁ×ÌÑÔØ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÅÍ +ÏÄÉÎ ÒÁÚ, \KPS{} ÉÚÍÅÎÑÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÄÎÏ ÌÉÛÎÅÅ Ä×ÏÅÔÏÞÉÅ, É ÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ +ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ: ÏÎÁ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÑÅÔ ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ Ä×ÏÅÔÏÞÉÅ × ÎÁÞÁÌÅ, ÐÏÔÏÍ × ËÏÎÃÅ, +ÐÏÔÏÍ Ä×ÏÊÎÙÅ Ä×ÏÅÔÏÞÉÑ. + +\subsubsection{ðÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÓËÏÂÏË} + +ðÏÌÅÚÎÁ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÓËÏÂÏË, ÉÚ-ÚÁ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, +\verb+v{a,b}w+ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ \verb+vaw:vbw+. ÷ÌÏÖÅÎÎÏÓÔØ ÔÕÔ ÄÏÐÕÓËÁÅÔÓÑ. +âÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÑ ÜÔÏÍÕ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÍÅÔØ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÊ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ, ÐÕÔ£Í +ÐÒÉÓ×ÏÅÎÉÑ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÓÏ ÓËÏÂËÁÍÉ \code{\$TEXMF}. +îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, × ÆÁÊÌÅ \file{texmf.cnf}, ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ +(ÜÔÏ ÕÐÒÏÝÅÎÉÅ, ÎÁ ÓÁÍÏÍ ÄÅÌÅ ÔÁÍ ÅÝ£ ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÄÅÒÅ×ØÅ×): +\begin{verbatim} + TEXMF = {$TEXMFHOME,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFVAR,!!$TEXMFMAIN} +\end{verbatim} +âÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÑ ÜÔÏÍÕ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÉÓÁÔØ ÔÁËÏÅ: +\begin{verbatim} + TEXINPUTS = .;$TEXMF/tex// +\end{verbatim} +%$ +ÞÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ËÒÏÍÅ ÔÅËÕÝÅÊ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔØ ÐÏÉÓË +ÔÏÌØËÏ × \code{\$TEXMFHOME/tex}, \code{\$TEXMFLOCAL/tex}, +\code{\$TEXMFVAR/tex} É \code{\$TEXMFMAIN/tex} (ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ Ä×Á ÄÅÒÅ×Á +ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ ÆÁÊÌÙ \file{ls-R}). üÔÏ ÕÄÏÂÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ Ä×ÕÈ +ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÙÈ ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒ, <<ÚÁÍÏÒÏÖÅÎÎÏÊ>> (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÎÁ \CD) É +ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÑÅÍÏÊ ÐÏ ÍÅÒÅ ÐÏÑ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ. éÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ +\code{\$TEXMF} ×Ï ×ÓÅÈ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑÈ, ÍÏÖÎÏ ÚÁÄÁÔØ ÐÏÉÓË × ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÑÅÍÏÍ +ÄÅÒÅ×Å ÐÅÒ×ÙÍ. + +\subsubsection{ðÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ} +\label{Subdirectory-expansion} + +ä×Á ÉÌÉ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÌÜÛÁ \samp{/} × ÜÌÅÍÅÎÔÅ ÐÕÔÉ ×ÓÌÅÄ ÚÁ ÉÍÅÎÅÍ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ +\var{d} ÚÁÍÅÎÑÀÔÓÑ ×ÓÅÍÉ ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑÍÉ \var{d} ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏ. îÁ ËÁÖÄÏÍ +ÕÒÏ×ÎÅ ÐÏÒÑÄÏË ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÐÏ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑÍ \emph{ÎÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌ£Î}. + +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔÅ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÙ ÉÍÅÎÉ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÐÏÓÌÅ \samp{//}, ÔÏÌØËÏ +ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ Ó ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÍÉ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÁÍÉ ÂÕÄÕÔ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ. +îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, \samp{/a//b} ÄÁ£Ô ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \file{/a/1/b}, +\file{/a/2/b}, \file{/a/1/1/b}, É Ô.Ä., ÎÏ ÎÅ \file{/a/b/c} ÉÌÉ +\file{/a/1}. + +÷ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ËÏÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÊ \samp{//} × ÏÄÎÏÍ ÐÕÔÉ, ÎÏ +\samp{//} × ÎÁÞÁÌÅ ÐÕÔÉ ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ. + +\subsubsection{óÐÉÓÏË ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÈ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ× É ÉÈ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÊ} + +÷ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÍ ÓÐÉÓËÅ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ × ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ +ÆÁÊÌÁÈ \KPS{}. + +\newcommand{\CODE}[1]{\makebox[3em][l]{\code{#1}}} +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\CODE{:}] òÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌØ × ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉËÁÃÉÑÈ ÐÕÔÅÊ; × ÎÁÞÁÌÅ ÉÌÉ ËÏÎÃÅ + ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ ÐÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. +\item[\CODE{;}] òÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌØ ÄÌÑ ÎÅ-àÎÉËÓÁ (ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÞÔÏ \code{:}). +\item[\CODE{\$}] ðÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ. +\item[\CODE{\string~}] ïÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ ÄÏÍÁÛÎÀÀ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ. +\item[\CODE{\char`\{...\char`\}}] ðÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÓËÏÂÏË. +\item[\CODE{//}] ðÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ (ÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÓÔÒÅÔÉÔØÓÑ ÇÄÅ + ÕÇÏÄÎÏ, ËÒÏÍÅ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÕÔÉ). +\item[\CODE{\%}] îÁÞÁÌÏ ËÏÍÍÅÎÔÁÒÉÑ. +\item[\CODE{\bs}] óÉÍ×ÏÌ ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÅÎÉÑ (ÄÌÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄ ÉÚ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÓÔÒÏË). +\item[\CODE{!!}] ðÏÉÓË \emph{ÔÏÌØËÏ} × ÂÁÚÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ÎÏ \emph{ÎÅ} ÎÁ + ÄÉÓËÅ. +\end{ttdescription} + + +\subsection{âÁÚÙ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ} +\label{Filename-database} + +\KPS{} ÓÔÁÒÁÅÔÓÑ ÍÉÎÉÍÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÂÒÁÝÅÎÉÅ Ë ÄÉÓËÕ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÉÓËÅ. ôÅÍ ÎÅ +ÍÅÎÅÅ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ Ó ÂÏÌØÛÉÍ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×ÏÍ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ ÐÏÉÓË × ËÁÖÄÏÊ +×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÊ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÚÁÎÑÔØ ÄÏÌÇÏÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ (ÜÔÏ ÏÓÏÂÅÎÎÏ ×ÅÒÎÏ, +ÅÓÌÉ ÎÁÄÏ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉÔØ ÓÏÔÎÉ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ ÓÏ ÛÒÉÆÔÁÍÉ). ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ \KPS{} +ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÎÅÛÎÉÊ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ, +<<ÂÁÚÕ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ>> \file{ls-R}, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÚÎÁÅÔ, ÇÄÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÆÁÊÌÙ × +ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑÈ, ÞÔÏ ÄÁ£Ô ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÉÚÂÅÖÁÔØ ÞÁÓÔÙÈ ÏÂÒÁÝÅÎÉÊ Ë ÄÉÓËÕ. + +åÝ£ ÏÄÎÁ ÂÁÚÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ÆÁÊÌ \file{aliases} ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ×ÁÍ ÄÁ×ÁÔØ +ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÁÍ × \file{ls-R}. üÔÏ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ, ÅÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ +ÎÕÖÎÏ ÓÏÂÌÀÄÁÔØ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ \acro{DOS} <<8.3>>. + +\subsubsection{âÁÚÙ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ \texttt{ls-R}} +\label{ls-R} + +ëÁË ÏÂßÑÓÎÅÎÏ ×ÙÛÅ, ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÁÑ ÂÁÚÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ \file{ls-R}. ÷Ù +ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ Å£ × ËÏÒÎÅ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Á \TeX{}Á, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ +ÐÒÏÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ \KPS{} (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, \code{\$TEXMF}); × ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Å +ÓÌÕÞÁÅ× ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÄÎÁ. \KPS{} ÉÝÅÔ ÆÁÊÌÙ \file{ls-R} × ÐÕÔÉ +\code{TEXMFDBS}. + +òÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÍÙÊ ÓÐÏÓÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ É ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ \samp{ls-R} "---ÓËÒÉÐÔ +\code{mktexlsr}, ×ËÌÀÞ£ÎÎÙÊ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×. ïÎ ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÒÁÚÎÙÍÉ +ÓËÒÉÐÔÁÍÉ \samp{mktex}\dots. ÷ ÐÒÉÎÃÉÐÅ ÜÔÏÔ ÓËÒÉÐÔ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ +ÔÉÐÁ +\begin{alltt} +cd \var{/your/texmf/root} && \path|\|ls -1LAR ./ >ls-R +\end{alltt} +ÐÒÉ ÕÓÌÏ×ÉÉ, ÞÔÏ × ×ÁÛÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ \code{ls} ÄÁ£Ô ×Ù×ÏÄ × ÎÕÖÎÏÍ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ +(\acro{GNU} \code{ls} ÇÏÄÉÔÓÑ). þÔÏÂÙ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÔØ ÂÁÚÕ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ × +ÔÅËÕÝÅÍ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÉ, ÐÒÏÝÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ ÐÅÒÅÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ Å£ ÒÅÇÕÌÑÒÎÏ ÉÚ +\code{cron}Á, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ÏÎÁ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ +ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ ÐÁËÅÔÁ. + +åÓÌÉ ÆÁÊÌ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎ × ÂÁÚÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ \KPS{} ÉÝÅÔ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ. +åÓÌÉ ÜÌÅÍÅÎÔ ÐÕÔÉ ÎÁÞÉÎÁÅÔÓÑ Ó \samp{!!}, ÔÏ ÐÏÉÓË ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔ +\emph{ÔÏÌØËÏ} × ÂÁÚÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ. + + +\subsubsection{kpsewhich: ÐÏÉÓË ÆÁÊÌÏ×} +\label{Invoking-kpsewhich} + +ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \texttt{kpsewhich} ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔ ÐÏÉÓË × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó +ÁÌÇÏÒÉÔÍÏÍ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÍ ×ÙÛÅ. üÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å +×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÁ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ \code{find} ÄÌÑ ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÆÁÊÌÏ× × ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÑÈ \TeX{}Á +(ÜÔÏ ÛÉÒÏËÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ × ÓËÒÉÐÔÁÈ \samp{mktex}\dots). + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich \var{option}\dots{} \var{filename}\dots{}} +\end{alltt} +ïÐÃÉÉ, ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÅ × \ttvar{option}, ÎÁÞÉÎÁÀÔÓÑ ÌÉÂÏ Ó \samp{-} +ÌÉÂÏ \samp{-{}-}, É ÌÀÂÙÅ ÏÄÎÏÚÎÁÞÎÙÅ ÓÏËÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ ÄÏÐÕÓÔÉÍÙ. + +\KPS{} ÒÁÓÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÁÖÄÙÊ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔ, ÎÅ Ñ×ÌÑÀÝÉÊÓÑ ÏÐÃÉÅÊ, ËÁË ÉÍÑ +ÆÁÊÌÁ, É ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔ ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ. îÅÔ ÏÐÃÉÉ ×ÅÒÎÕÔØ ×ÓÅ +ÎÁÊÄÅÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ (ÄÌÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ \samp{find}). + +îÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÁÖÎÙÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÎÉÖÅ. + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{-{}-dpi=\var{num}}]\mbox{}\\ + õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÅ \ttvar{num}; ÜÔÏ ×ÌÉÑÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÁ ÐÏÉÓË ÆÁÊÌÏ× + \samp{gf} É \samp{pk}. óÉÎÏÎÉÍ \samp{-D}, ÄÌÑ + ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ Ó \cmdname{dvips}. ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ 600. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-format=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÉÓËÁ \ttvar{name}. ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÆÏÒÍÁÔ + ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÉÚ ÉÍÅÎÉ ÆÁÊÌÁ. äÌÑ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ×, ÄÌÑ ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÎÅÔ + ÏÄÎÏÚÎÁÞÎÏÇÏ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓÁ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÆÁÊÌÏ× \MP{} É ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ + ÆÁÊÌÏ× + \cmdname{dvips}, ×Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅ, ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÏÅ \KPS{}, + ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, \texttt{tex} ÉÌÉ \texttt{enc files}. óÐÉÓÏË ÍÏÖÎÏ + ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ \texttt{kpsewhich -{}-help}. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-mode=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÒÅÖÉÍÁ \ttvar{string}; ÜÔÏ ×ÉÌÑÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÁ + ÐÏÉÓË ÆÁÊÌÏ× \samp{gf} É \samp{pk}. úÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÎÅÔ: + ÉÝÕÔÓÑ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÒÅÖÉÍÏ×. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-must-exist}]\mbox{}\\ + óÄÅÌÁÔØ ×Ó£ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÅ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÆÁÊÌ ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ ÐÏÉÓË ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ. ðÏ + ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÐÏ×ÙÛÅÎÉÑ ÜÆÆÅËÔÉ×ÎÏÓÔÉ ÐÒÏÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÂÁÚÁ + ÄÁÎÎÙÈ \file{ls-R}. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-path=\var{string}}]\mbox{}\\ + éÓËÁÔØ × ÎÁÂÏÒÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ \ttvar{string} (ËÁË ÏÂÙÞÎÏ, ÒÁÚÄÅÌ£ÎÎÙÈ + Ä×ÏÅÔÏÞÉÑÍÉ), ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ×ÙÞÉÓÌÑÔØ ÅÇÏ ÐÏ ÉÍÅÎÉ ÆÁÊÌÁ. + \samp{//} É ÏÂÙÞÎÙÅ ÐÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÔ. ïÐÃÉÉ \samp{-{}-path} É + \samp{-{}-format} ÎÅÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙ. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-progname=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÉÍÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÎÁ \texttt{\var{name}}. üÔÏ ×ÌÉÑÅÔ ÎÁ ÐÕÔØ + ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÉÚ-ÚÁ ÐÒÅÆÉËÓÁ \texttt{.\var{progname}}. ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ + \cmdname{kpsewhich}. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-show-path=\var{name}}]\mbox{}\\ + ðÏËÁÚÁÔØ ÐÕÔØ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÊ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÉÓËÁÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÔÉÐÁ + \texttt{\var{name}}. íÏÖÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÅ (\code{.pk}, + \code{.vf} É Ô.Ä.) ÉÌÉ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅ, ËÁË ÄÌÑ ÏÐÃÉÉ \samp{-{}-format}. + +\item[\texttt{-{}-debug=\var{num}}]\mbox{}\\ + õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÕÒÏ×ÅÎØ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ \texttt{\var{num}}. +\end{ttdescription} + + + +\subsubsection{ðÒÉÍÅÒÙ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ} +\label{SExamplesofuse} + +äÁ×ÁÊÔÅ ÐÏÓÍÏÔÒÉÍ ÎÁ \KPS{} × ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÉ. ÷ÏÔ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ ÐÏÉÓË: + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich article.cls} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls +\end{alltt} +íÙ ÉÝÅÍ ÆÁÊÌ \file{article.cls}. ôÁË ËÁË ÓÕÆÆÉËÓ \samp{.cls} +ÏÄÎÏÚÎÁÞÅÎ, ÎÁÍ ÎÅ ÎÕÖÎÏ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ, ÞÔÏ ÍÙ ÉÝÅÍ ÆÁÊÌ ÔÉÐÁ +\optname{tex} (ÉÓÈÏÄÎÉËÉ \TeX{}Á). íÙ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÍ ÅÇÏ × ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ +\file{tex/latex/base} ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \samp{temf-dist} \TL. áÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÏ, +×Ó£ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÂÅÚ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ ÂÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÑ ÏÄÎÏÚÎÁÞÎÏÍÕ ÓÕÆÆÉËÓÕ: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich array.sty} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/array.sty +> \Ucom{kpsewhich latin1.def} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/latin1.def +> \Ucom{kpsewhich size10.clo} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo +> \Ucom{kpsewhich small2e.tex} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/small2e.tex +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tugboat.bib} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/bibtex/bib/beebe/tugboat.bib +\end{alltt} + +ðÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÅ "---ÂÉÂÌÉÏÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÂÁÚÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÄÌÑ ÓÔÁÔÅÊ ÖÕÒÎÁÌÁ +\textsl{TUGBoat}. + +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich cmr10.pk} +\end{alltt} +âÉÔÍÁÐÙ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× ÔÉÐÁ \file{.pk} ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ +\cmdname{dvips} Ï \cmdname{xdvi}. îÉÞÅÇÏ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÏ, ÔÁË ËÁË Õ ÎÁÓ +ÎÅÔ ÇÏÔÏ×ÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× Computer Modern × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ \samp{.pk} (ÔÁË +ËÁË ÍÙ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ Type~1 ÉÚ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á \TL{}). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich wsiupa10.pk} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\else /usr/local/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/ +... wsuipa/wsuipa10.600pk +\fi\end{alltt} +äÌÑ ÜÔÉÈ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× (ÆÏÎÅÔÉÞÅÓËÉÊ ÁÌÆÁ×ÉÔ, ÓÏÚÄÁÎÎÙÊ × ÕÎÉ×ÅÒÓÉÔÅÔÅ +ÛÔÁÔÁ ÷ÁÛÉÎÇÔÏÎ) ÍÙ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÓÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ +\samp{.pk}, É ÔÁË ËÁË ÒÅÖÉÍ \MF{} [Ï ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ × ÎÁÛÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ +\texttt{ljfour} Ó ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÅÍ of 600\dpi{} (ÔÏÞÅË ÎÁ ÄÀÊÍ), ÜÔÏÔ ÛÒÉÆÔ +É ÎÁÊÄÅÎ. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich -dpi=300 wsuipa10.pk} +\end{alltt} +÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÎÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÏ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÅ 300\dpi{} (\texttt{-dpi=300}); ÍÙ +×ÉÄÉÍ, ÞÔÏ ÔÁËÏÇÏ ÛÒÉÆÔÁ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ÎÅÔ. îÁ ÓÁÍÏÍ ÄÅÌÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ +\cmdname{dvips} ÉÌÉ \cmdname{xdvi} ÐÏÓÔÒÏÉÌÁ ÂÙ ÎÕÖÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ +\texttt{.pk} ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ ÓËÒÉÐÔÁ \cmdname{mktexpk}. + +ôÅÐÅÒØ ÏÂÒÁÔÉÍÓÑ Ë ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÁÍ É ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÍ ÆÁÊÌÁÍ +\cmdname{dvips}. ÷ÎÁÞÁÌÅ ÒÁÓÓÍÏÔÒÉÍ ÏÄÉÎ ÉÚ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÁÓÔÏ +ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×, ÐÒÏÌÏÇ \file{tex.pro} ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ \TeX{}Á, Á +ÚÁÔÅÍ ÒÁÓÓÍÏÔÒÉÍ ÏÂÝÉÊ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ \file{config.ps} É ËÁÒÔÕ +ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× \file{psfonts.map}. ôÁË ËÁË ÓÕÆÆÉËÓ \samp{.ps} ÎÅÏÄÎÏÚÎÁÞÅÎ, +ÍÙ ÄÏÌÖÎÙÅ Ñ×ÎÏ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ÔÉÐ ÆÁÊÌÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÍÙ ÉÝÅÍ: (\optname{dvips + config}) ÄÌÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ \texttt{config.ps}. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich tex.pro} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/tex.pro +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.ps} + /usr/local/texmf/dvips/config/config.ps +> \Ucom{kpsewhich psfonts.map} + /usr/local/texmf/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map +\end{alltt} + +òÁÓÓÍÏÔÒÉÍ ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ \acro{URW} Times (\PS{}). ðÒÅÆÉËÓ +ÄÌÑ ÜÔÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× × ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÏÊ ÓÈÅÍÅ ÏÂÏÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× \samp{utm}. +÷ÎÁÞÁÌÅ ÍÙ ÒÁÓÓÍÏÔÒÉÍ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅ +ËÁÒÔÙ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" config.utm} +/usr/local/texmf-dist/dvips/psnfss/config.utm +\end{alltt} +óÏÄÅÒÖÁÎÉÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ: +\begin{alltt} + p +utm.map +\end{alltt} +ÞÔÏ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÎÁ ÆÁÊÌ \file{utm.map}, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÍÙ ÈÏÔÉÍ ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÎÁÊÔÉ. +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich --format="dvips config" utm.map} + /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/times/utm.map +\end{alltt} +üÔÁ ËÁÒÔÁ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÑ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁ Type~1 (\PS{}) × +ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ URW. ïÎÁ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÉÔ ÔÁË (ÍÙ ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÍ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÞÁÓÔØ ÆÁÊÌÁ): +\begin{alltt} +utmb8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb +utmbi8r NimbusRomNo9L-MediItal... <utmbi8a.pfb +utmr8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +utmri8r NimbusRomNo9L-ReguItal... <utmri8a.pfb +utmbo8r NimbusRomNo9L-Medi ... <utmb8a.pfb +utmro8r NimbusRomNo9L-Regu ... <utmr8a.pfb +\end{alltt} +äÁ×ÁÊÔÅ ÎÁÊÄ£Í, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÆÁÊÌ ÄÌÑ Times Roman +\file{utmr8a.pfb}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{kpsewhich utmr8a.pfb} +\ifSingleColumn /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/urw/times/utmr8a.pfb +\else /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/ +... urw/utm/utmr8a.pfb +\fi\end{alltt} + +éÚ ÜÔÉÈ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÏ× ÏÞÅ×ÉÄÎÏ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÌÅÇËÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ. +üÔÏ ÏÓÏÂÅÎÎÏ ×ÁÖÎÏ, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÏÄÏÚÒÅ×ÁÅÔÅ, ÞÔÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔ ÎÅ ÔÕ +×ÅÒÓÉÀ ÆÁÊÌÁ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ \cmdname{kpsewhich} ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ +ÎÁÊÄÅÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ. + +\subsubsection{ïÔÌÁÄËÁ} +\label{Debugging} + +éÎÏÇÄÁ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉÔØ, ËÁË ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÉÝÅÔ ÆÁÊÌÙ. ó ÜÔÏÊ ÃÅÌØÀ +\KPS{} ÐÒÅÄÌÁÇÁÅÔ ÒÁÚÎÙÅ ÕÒÏ×ÎÉ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{\ 1}] ÓÔÁÔÉÓÔÉËÁ ÏÂÒÁÝÅÎÉÊ Ë ÄÉÓËÕ. ðÒÉ ÒÁÂÏÔÅ Ó ÂÁÚÁÍÉ + \file{ls-R} ÜÔÏ ÐÏÞÔÉ ÎÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÓÔÒÏË × ÌÏÇ. +\item[\texttt{\ 2}] óÓÙÌËÉ ÎÁ ÈÅÛÉ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÂÁÚÙ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ \file{ls-R}, + ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ É Ô.Ä.). +\item[\texttt{\ 4}] ïÐÅÒÁÃÉÉ ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÑ É ÚÁËÒÙÔÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×. +\item[\texttt{\ 8}] ïÂÝÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÔÉÐÁÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÉÝÅÔ + \KPS. üÔÏ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÎÁÊÔÉ, ÇÄÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÔÉÐ ÐÕÔÉ + ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ. +\item[\texttt{16}] óÐÉÓÏË ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÜÌÅÍÅÎÔÁ ÐÕÔÉ (ÐÒÉ + ÐÏÉÓËÁÈ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ). +\item[\texttt{32}] ðÏÉÓËÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×. +\end{ttdescription} +úÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ \texttt{-1} ÚÁÄÁÓÔ ×ÓÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ ×ÙÛÅ; ÉÍÅÎÎÏ ÜÔÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÞÁÝÅ +×ÓÅÇÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÐÒÁËÔÉËÅ. + +áÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÏ, ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉ× ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ \cmdname{dvips} É ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÓÏÞÅÔÁÎÉÅ +ÜÔÉÈ ÏÐÃÉÊ, ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÒÏÓÌÅÄÉÔØ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏ, ËÁË ÉÝÕÔÓÑ ÆÁÊÌÙ. ó ÄÒÕÇÏÊ +ÓÔÏÒÏÎÙ, ÅÓÌÉ ÆÁÊÌ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎ, ÔÒÁÓÓÉÒÏ×ËÁ ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ, ÇÄÅ ÅÇÏ ÉÓËÁÌÉ, +ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÎÑÔØ, × Þ£Í ÓÏÓÔÏÉÔ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁ. + +÷ÏÏÂÝÅ ÇÏ×ÏÒÑ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ ÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÏÊ +\KPS{}, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÏÐÃÉÀ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ +ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ \envname{KPATHSEA\_DEBUG}, É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×É× Å£ ÎÁ ËÏÍÂÉÎÁÃÉÀ +ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÈ ×ÙÛÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÊ. + +(ðÒÉÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ Windows: × ÜÔÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ÔÒÕÄÎÏ +ÐÅÒÅÎÁÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ ×ÓÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ × ÆÁÊÌ. äÌÑ ÄÉÁÇÎÏÓÔÉËÉ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ +ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ \texttt{SET KPATHSEA\_DEBUG\_OUTPUT=err.log}). + + +òÁÓÓÍÏÔÒÉÍ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÐÒÉÍÅÒÁ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ \LaTeX{}, +\file{hello-world.tex}, ÓÏ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÍ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÎÉÅÍ: +\begin{verbatim} + \documentclass{article} + \begin{document} + Hello World! + \end{document} +\end{verbatim} +üÔÏÔ ÍÁÌÅÎØËÉÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÛÒÉÆÔ \file{cmr10}, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ +ÄÁ×ÁÊÔÅ ÐÏÓÍÏÔÒÉÍ, ËÁË \cmdname{dvips} ÓÏÚÄÁ£Ô ÆÁÊÌ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ \PS{} +(ÍÙ ÈÏÔÉÍ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ Type~1, ÏÔÓÀÄÁ ÏÐÃÉÑ +\texttt{-Pcms}). +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{dvips -d4100 hello-world -Pcms -o} +\end{alltt} +÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÍÙ ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÉÌÉ ÏÔÌÁÄÏÞÎÙÊ ÕÒÏ×ÅÎØ 4 ÄÌÑ \cmdname{dvips}'s +debug class 4 (ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×) Ó ÐÏÄÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ ÜÌÅÍÅÎÔÏ× ÐÕÔÅÊ × +\KPS (ÓÍ. òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Ï ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ \cmdname{dvips}, +\OnCD{texmf/doc/html/dvips/dvips_toc.html}). òÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ (ÓÌÅÇËÁ +ÏÔÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ) ÐÏËÁÚÁÎ ÎÁ òÉÓ.~\ref{fig:dvipsdbga}. +\begin{figure*}[tp] +\centering +\input{examples/ex6a.tex} +\caption{ðÏÉÓË ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×}\label{fig:dvipsdbga} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6b.tex} +\caption{ðÏÉÓË ÆÁÊÌÁ ÐÒÏÌÏÇÁ}\label{fig:dvipsdbgb} + +\bigskip + +\input{examples/ex6c.tex} +\caption{ðÏÉÓË ÆÁÊÌÁ ÛÒÉÆÔÁ}\label{fig:dvipsdbgc} +\end{figure*} + +ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \cmdname{dvips} ×ÎÁÞÁÌÅ ÉÝÅÔ Ó×ÏÉ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ. +óÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ \file{texmf.cnf}, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ +ÐÕÔÅÊ ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×, ÚÁÔÅÍ ÂÁÚÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ \file{ls-R} (ÄÌÑ +ÏÐÔÉÍÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÆÁÊÌÏ×) É ÆÁÊÌ \file{aliases}, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ +ÏÂßÑ×ÉÔØ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÉͣΠ(ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ËÏÒÏÔËÉÅ 8.3 É ÂÏÌÅÅ ÄÌÉÎÎÙÅ) ÄÌÑ +ÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ. úÁÔÅÍ \cmdname{dvips} ÉÝÅÔ Ó×ÏÊ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ +\file{config.ps} É ÆÁÊÌ +\file{.dvipsrc} (ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ × ÄÁÎÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ \emph{ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎ}). îÁËÏÎÅÃ, +\cmdname{dvips} ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÄÌÑ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× Computer +Modern \PS{} \file{config.cms} (ÜÔÏ ÂÙÌÏ ÚÁÄÁÎÏ ÏÐÃÉÅÊ \texttt{-Pcms} +× ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ). üÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÓÐÉÓÏË ËÁÒÔ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ +ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÀÔ ÓÏÏÔÎÏÛÅÎÉÑ ÍÅÖÄÕ ÆÁÊÌÁÍÉ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁÈ \TeX{}, \PS{} +É ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÑÍÉ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{more /usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms} + p +ams.map + p +cms.map + p +cmbkm.map + p +amsbkm.map +\end{alltt} +\cmdname{dvips} ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔ ×ÓÅ ÜÔÉ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÌÀÓ ÏÂÝÕÀ ËÁÒÔÕ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× +\file{psfonts.map}, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÔÓÑ (ÏÎÁ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÏÂÙÞÎÙÅ +ÛÒÉÆÔÙ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ \PS{}; ÓÍ. ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÀÀ ÞÁÓÔØ +ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ~\ref{SExamplesofuse}). + +÷ ÜÔÏÔ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ \cmdname{dvips} ÓÏÏÂÝÁÅÔ Ï ÓÅÂÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ: +\begin{alltt} +This is dvips(k) 5.92b Copyright 2002 Radical Eye Software (www.radicaleye.com) +\end{alltt} +\ifSingleColumn +úÁÔÅÍ ÏÎÁ ÉÝÅÔ ÐÒÏÌÏÇ \file{texc.pro}: +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(texc.pro) => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro +\end{alltt} +\else +úÁÔÅÍ ÏÎÁ ÉÝÅÔ ÐÒÏÌÏÇ \file{texc.pro} (ÓÍ. +òÉÓ.~\ref{fig:dvipsdbgb}). +\fi + +îÁÊÄÑ ÜÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ, \cmdname{dvips} ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔ ÄÁÔÕ É ×ÒÅÍÑ, É ÉÎÆÏÒÍÉÒÕÅÔ +ÎÁÓ, ÞÔÏ ÓÏÂÉÒÁÅÔÓÑ ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌ \file{hello-world.ps}, ÞÔÏ ÅÊ +ÎÕÖÅÎ ÆÁÊÌ \file{cmr10}, É ÞÔÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÊ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ <<ÒÅÚÉÄÅÎÔÎÙÍ>> +(ÂÉÔÍÁÐÙ ÎÅ ÎÕÖÎÙ): +\begin{alltt}\small +TeX output 1998.02.26:1204' -> hello-world.ps +Defining font () cmr10 at 10.0pt +Font cmr10 <CMR10> is resident. +\end{alltt} +ôÅÐÅÒØ ÏÎÁ ÉÝÅÔ ÆÁÊÌ \file{cmr10.tfm}, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÏÎÁ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔ, ÚÁÔÅÍ ÅÝ£ +ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÏÌÏÇÏ× (ÚÄÅÓØ ÏÎÉ ÏÐÕÝÅÎÙ), É ÎÁËÏÎÅà ÆÁÊÌ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁ Type~1 +\file{cmr10.pfb} ÎÁÊÄÅÎ É ×ËÌÀÞ£Î × ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ (ÓÍ, ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÀÀ +ÓÔÒÏËÕ): +\begin{alltt}\small +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm, must\_exist=1, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/fonts/tfm//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm//: + /var/tex/fonts/tfm//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.tfm) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr10.tfm +kdebug:start search(file=texps.pro, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + ... +<texps.pro> +kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.pfb, must\_exist=0, find\_all=0, + path=.:~/tex/dvips//:!!/usr/local/texmf/dvips//: + ~/tex/fonts/type1//:!!/usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1//). +kdebug:search(cmr10.pfb) => /usr/local/texmf/fonts/type1/public/cm/cmr10.pfb +<cmr10.pfb>[1] +\end{alltt} + +\subsection{ïÐÃÉÉ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ} + +åÝ£ ÏÄÎÁ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÁÑ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ \Webc{} "---ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ÐÁÍÑÔÉ +(× ÏÓÏÂÅÎÎÏÓÔÉ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÍÁÓÓÉ×Ï×) ÐÒÉ ÚÁÐÕÓËÅ, ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ +\file{texmf.cnf} ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÏÊ \KPS{}. ðÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ × +ÞÁÓÔÉ~3 ÜÔÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å \TL{}. ÷ÏÔ ÓÁÍÙÅ ×ÁÖÎÙÅ: + +\begin{ttdescription} +\item[\texttt{main\_memory}] + ïÂÝÅÅ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Ï ÓÌÏ× × ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ + \TeX{}, \MF{} É \MP. ÷Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ ÄÌÑ ÜÔÉÈ + ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ. îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ <<ÏÇÒÏÍÎÕÀ>> ×ÅÒÓÉÀ \TeX{}Á, + É ÎÁÚ×ÁÔØ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ \texttt{hugetex.fmt}. + ðÏ ÏÂÝÉÍ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁÍ \KPS{}, + ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ \texttt{main\_memory} ÂÕÄÅÔ ÞÉÔÁÔØÓÑ ÉÚ ÆÁÊÌÁ + \file{texmf.cnf}. +\item[\texttt{extra\_mem\_bot}] äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÐÁÍÑÔØ ÄÌÑ <<ÂÏÌØÛÉÈ>> + ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÓÏÚÄÁ£Ô \TeX{}: ÂÏËÓÏ×, ËÌÅÑ É Ô.Ä. ïÓÏÂÅÎÎÏ + ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ ÐÒÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ \PiCTeX{}Á. +\item[\texttt{font\_mem\_size}] ëÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Ï ÓÌÏ× ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ÛÒÉÆÔÁÈ + ÄÌÑ \TeX{}Á. üÔÏ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÓÕÍÍÁÒÎÙÊ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ×ÓÅÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× TFM, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ + ÞÉÔÁÅÔ \TeX. +\item[\texttt{hash\_extra}] + äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÈÅÛÁ ÄÌÑ ÉͣΠËÏÍÁÎÄ. ðÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ 10\,000 ËÏÍÁÎÄ + ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÏ × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ ÈÅÛ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÄÅÌÁÅÔÅ ÂÏÌØÛÕÀ ËÎÉÇÕ ÓÏ + ÍÎÏÇÉÍÉ ÐÅÒÅËÒ£ÓÔÎÙÍÉ ÓÓÙÌËÁÍÉ, ÜÔÏÇÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÎÅ È×ÁÔÉÔØ. ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ + \texttt{hash\_extra} ÒÁ×ÅÎ \texttt{50000}. +\end{ttdescription} + +òÁÚÕÍÅÅÔÓÑ, ÜÔÏ ÎÅ ÚÁÍÅÎÁ ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÉÈ ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÍÁÓÓÉ×Ï× É +ÒÁÓÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ, ÎÏ ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÜÔÉ ÞÅÒÔÙ ÉÓËÌÀÞÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÓÌÏÖÎÏ +ÏÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÉÔØ × ÔÅËÕÝÅÍ \TeX{}Å, ÜÔÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ ÄÁÀÔ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÙÊ ËÏÍÐÒÏÍÉÓÓ +É ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÇÉÂËÏÓÔØ. + + +\begin{comment} +\section{ëÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÌÑ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ ÔÉÐÁ Unix} + + +åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÁ, ÄÌÑ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÍÙ ÎÅ ÓËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ×ÁÍ +ÐÒÉÄ£ÔÓÑ ÜÔÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÓÁÍÉÍ. üÔÏ ÎÅ ÔÁË ÕÖ ÓÌÏÖÎÏ. ÷Ó£, ÞÔÏ ×ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ +ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÉÔØÓÑ, ÅÓÔØ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \texttt{source}. + +\subsection{îÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÅ ÉÎÓÔÒÕÍÅÎÔÙ} + +÷ÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÏ ÐÏ ËÒÁÊÎÅÊ ÍÅÒÅ 100\,Mb ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ ÄÌÑ ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ \TeX{} É +ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ. ÷ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÔÏÒ \acro{ANSI} C, ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ +\cmdname{make}, ÌÅËÓÉÞÅÓËÉÊ ÓËÁÎÅÒ É ÇÅÎÅÒÁÔÏÒ ÐÁÒÓÅÒÏ×. íÙ +ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÍ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÜÔÉÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ ÏÔ \acro{GNU} +(\cmdname{gcc}, \acro{GNU} \cmdname{make}, \cmdname{m4}, \cmdname{flex}, +\cmdname{bison}). ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ É Ó ÄÒÕÇÉÍÉ ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÔÏÒÁÍÉ É +×ÅÒÓÉÑÍÉ \cmdname{make}, ÎÏ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÇÌÕÂÏËÏÅ ÐÏÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ àÎÉËÓÁ, +ÞÔÏÂÙ ÒÁÚÏÂÒÁÔØÓÑ × ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÈ. + +ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ \texttt{uname} ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÚÕÍÎÙÊ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ. + + +\subsection{ëÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÑ} + +óÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÅÄÉÔÅ ÎÏÒÍÁÌØÎÕÀ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ \TL{} ÎÁ ×ÁÛ ÄÉÓË (ÓÍ. +ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sec:unix-install-disk} +\p.~\pageref{sec:unix-install-disk}). ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ +ÓËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ. + +úÁÔÅÍ ÒÁÓÐÁËÕÊÔÅ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÉËÉ ÉÚ ÆÁÊÌÁ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ \dirname{source} ÎÁ +×ÁÛ ÄÉÓË É ÓÍÅÎÉÔÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ ÔÕÄÁ, ÇÄÅ ×Ù ÒÁÓËÒÙÌÉ ÜÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ. + +úÁÔÅÍ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔÅ \cmdname{configure}, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÔÁË: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh configure -prefix=/usr/local/TeX} +\end{alltt} + +äÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ \optname{-prefix} "---ÜÔÏ ÍÅÓÔÏ, ËÕÄÁ ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÌÉ +ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÅ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ. óÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÔÁËÏ×Á +(\$TEXDIR ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ ×ÙÂÒÁÎÎÕÀ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ): + +\noindent +\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll@{}} + \dirname{$TEXDIR/share/texmf} & ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÅ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÓÏ ÛÒÉÆÔÁÍÉ,\\ + & \qquad ÍÁËÒÏÓÙ É Ô.Ä.\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/man} & ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ Unix man\\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/info} & ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ \acro{GNU} Info \\ + \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin/$PLATFORM} & ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ\\ +\end{tabular} +%$ + +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÕÂÒÁÔØ ÕÒÏ×ÅÎØ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ \dirname{$PLATFORM}, +Ô.Å. ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔØ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ × \dirname{$TEXDIR/bin}, +ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ Ë ÏÐÃÉÑÍ \verb|--disable-multiplatform|. + +ðÏÓÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ ÎÁ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ \verb|./configure --help| ÄÌÑ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÈ +ÏÐÃÉÊ. îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÎÅ ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ \OMEGA{} É +\eTeX{}. + + +\subsection{úÁÐÕÓË \cmdname{make}} + +õÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÉ ÉÌÉ ÏÐÃÉÑ \texttt{noclobber} ÎÅ +ÚÁÄÁÎÁ. úÁÔÅÍ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔÅ \cmdname{make}: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make world} +\end{alltt} +É ÒÁÓÓÌÁÂØÔÅÓØ\ldots + +åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÚÁÐÉÓÁÔØ × ÌÏÇ ×ÓÅ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÑÝÅÅ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{sh -c "make world >world.log 2>\&1" \&} +\end{alltt} + +ðÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ, ËÁË ×Ù ÒÅÛÉÔÅ, ÞÔÏ ×Ó£ ÐÒÏÛÌÏ ÎÏÒÍÁÌØÎÏ, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÌÏÇ ÎÁ +ÏÛÉÂËÉ; \acro{GNU} \cmdname{make} ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÓÔÒÏËÕ \samp{***} +ÐÒÉ ÏÛÉÂËÅ. ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ, ÞÔÏ ×ÓÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ÓËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉÓØ: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{cd \emph{TEXDIR}/bin/\emph{archname}} +> \Ucom{ls | wc} +\end{alltt} +òÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÂÏÌØÛÅ 200 (×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÔÏÞÎÏÅ ÞÉÓÌÏ, +ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉ× ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ +\dirname{bin} × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å). + +åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÙ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÉ ÄÌÑ \texttt{make install}, ×Ù +ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔØ \samp{make world} ÎÁ Ä×Á ÐÒÉ£ÍÁ: +\begin{alltt} +> \Ucom{make all} +> \Ucom{su} +> \Ucom{make install strip} +\end{alltt} + +ðÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ×ÁÛÉÈ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ ÏÂÙÞÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÙ +ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ~\ref{sec:postinstall}, +\p.~\pageref{sec:postinstall}. + +ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ×ÁÛÉÍÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÉÓØ +ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÌÀÄÉ, ÎÁÐÉÛÉÔÅ ÎÁÍ. íÙ ÂÕÄÅÍ ÒÁÄÙ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔØ ÉÈ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ +\TL{} × ÓÅÔÉ. + +\end{comment} + +\section{âÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÎÏÓÔÉ} + +\TL{} "---ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ ÏÂßÅÄÉΣÎÎÙÈ ÕÓÉÌÉÊ ÐÒÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ×ÓÅÈ ÇÒÕÐÐ +ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ \TeX Á. üÔÏ ÉÚÄÁÎÉÅ \TL{} ÏÔÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÏ óÅÂÁÓÔÉÁÎÏÍ +òÁÔÃÅÍ É ëÁÒÌÏÍ âÅÒÒÉ. äÒÕÇÉÅ, ÒÁÂÏÔÁ×ÛÉÅ ÎÁÄ ÎÉÍ, ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÅÎÙ ÎÉÖÅ + +\begin{itemize*} + +\item îÅÍÅÃËÁÑ ÇÒÕÐÐÁ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ \TeX{}Á (\acro{DANTE} e.V.), + ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÉÌÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÙ ÄÌÑ ÒÅÐÏÚÉÔÏÒÉÑ \TL{}; òÁÊÎÅÒ û£ÐÆ É òÅÊÎÈÁÒÄ + ãÉÒËÅ ÅÇÏ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÌÉ. óÏÔÒÕÄÎÉËÉ \acro{DANTE} æÏÌØËÅÒ ûÁÁ É ëÌÁÕÓ + èÏÐÐÎÅÒ ËÏÏÒÄÉÎÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÓÔ×Ï Ó Lehmann's Bookstore + (\url{http://www.lob.de}). + +\item The Perforce corporation (\url{http://www.perforce.com}) + ÐÏÄÁÒÉÌÁ ÎÁÍ ÂÅÓÐÌÁÔÎÕÀ ËÏÐÉÀ ÉÈ ÚÁÍÅÞÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ + ×ÅÒÓÉÊ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÎÕÀ ÎÁÍÉ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÉËÏ× \TL. + +\item ðÉÔÅÒ âÒÅÊÔÅÎÌÏÈÎÅÒ É ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÏ× \eTeX\ ÚÁÌÏÖÉÌÁ + ÏÓÎÏ×Ù ÂÕÄÕÝÅÇÏ \TeX Á. + +\item ôÏÍÁÓ üÓÓÅÒ, ÂÅÚ ÚÁÍÅÞÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÁËÅÔÁ \teTeX{} ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ \TL{} + ÎÅ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï×ÁÌ ÂÙ, ÍÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÍÏÇÁÌ ÎÁÍ × ÒÁÂÏÔÅ ÎÁÄ \TL. + +\item íÁÊËÌ çÕÓÅÎÓ ÂÙÌ ÓÏÁ×ÔÏÒÏÍ ÐÅÒ×ÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ. + +\item üÊÔÁÎ çÕÒÁÒÉ ÎÁÐÉÓÁÌ \TeX4ht{}, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á + ÆÁÊÌÏ× \HTML{}, É ÎÅÕÓÔÁÎÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÌ ÎÁÄ ÎÉÍÉ, ÎÅÍÅÄÌÅÎÎÏ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÑ + ÎÕÖÎÙÅ ÎÁÍ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ. + + +\item çÁÎÓ èÁÇÅÎ ÐÏÍÏÇÁÌ × ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÉ É ÐÒÉÓÐÏÓÏÂÌÅÎÉÉ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁ + \ConTeXt\ Ë ÎÁÛÉÍ ÎÕÖÄÁÍ. + +\item ðÁ×ÅÌ ñËÏ×ÓËÉÊ ÓÏÚÄÁÌ ÉÎÓÔÁÌÌÑÔÏÒ ÄÌÑ Windows \cmdname{tlpm}, Á + ôÏÍÁÛ ìÕÖÁË ÎÁÐÉÓÁÌ \cmdname{tlpmgui}. + +\item èÁÎ æÅ æÁÎ, íÁÒÔÉÎ ûÒ£ÄÅÒ É ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ pdf\TeX\ ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÅÔ + ÕÌÕÞÛÁÔØ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ \TeX Á. + + +\item ðÅÔÒ ïÌÛÁË ËÏÏÒÄÉÎÉÒÏ×ÁÌ É ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÑÌ ×ÅÓØ ÞÅÛÓËÉÊ É + ÓÌÏ×ÁÃËÉÊ ÍÁÔÅÒÉÁÌ. + + +\item æÁÂÒÉÃÉÊ ðÏÐÉÎØÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÌ \TL{} ÄÌÑ Windows É ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÁÌ ÎÏ×ÕÀ + ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÕ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ. + + +\item óÔÁÛÅË ÷Á×ÒÉËÅ×ÉÞ ÂÙÌ ÇÌÁ×ÎÙÍ ÔÅÓÔÅÒÏÍ \TL{} É ËÏÏÒÄÉÎÉÒÏ×ÁÌ + ÍÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÌØÓËÉÈ ×ËÌÁÄÏ×: ÛÒÉÆÔÙ, ÉÎÓÔÁÌÌÑÔÏÒ ÄÌÑ Windows É ÍÎÏÇÏÅ + ÄÒÕÇÏÅ. + +\item ïÌÁÆ ÷ÅÂÅÒ ÔÅÒÐÅÌÉ×Ï ÒÁÂÏÔÁÌ ÎÁÄ \Webc, ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÄÅÒÖÉÔÓÑ + ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×. + +\item çÅÒÂÅÒ ÷ÉÅÒÄÁ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÁÌ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ \MacOSX\ É ÕÞÁÓÔ×Ï×ÁÌ × + ÉÎÔÅÇÒÁÃÉÉ É ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÉ. + +\item çÒÜÍ ÷ÉÌÌÉÁÍÓ ÓÏÚÄÁÌ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×. + +\end{itemize*} + +ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉ: +ôÉÇÒÁÎ áÊ×ÁÚÑÎ (\pkgname{x86\_64-linux}), +íÁÎÆÒÅÄ ìÏÔà (\pkgname{i386-freebsd}), +æÁÂÒÉÃÉÊ ðÏÐÉÎØÅ (\pkgname{win32}), +îÏÒÂÅÒÔ ðÒÅÊÎÉÎÇ (\pkgname{alpha-linux}), +÷ÌÁÄÉÍÉÒ ÷ÏÌÏ×ÉÞ (\pkgname{powerpc-aix}, \pkgname{sparc-linux}, +\pkgname{sparc-solaris}), +óÔÁÛÅË ÷Á×ÒÉËÅ×ÉÞ (\pkgname{i386-linux}), +ïÌÁÆ ÷ÅÂÅÒ (\pkgname{mips-irix}), +çÅÒÂÅÒÔ ÷ÉÅÒÄÁ (\pkgname{i386-darwin}, \pkgname{powerpc-darwin}). + +äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ É ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÙ: +ëÁÒÌ âÅÒÒÉ (ÁÎÇÌÉÊÓËÉÊ), äÁÎÉÜÌØ æÌÉÐÏ É æÁÂÒÉÃÉÊ ðÏÐÉÎØÅ +(ÆÒÁÎÃÕÚÓËÉÊ), çÀÎÔÅÒ ðÁÒÔÏÛ É èÁÒÔÍÕÔ èÅÎËÅÌØ (ÎÅÍÅÃËÉÊ), ðÅÔÒ óÏÊËÁ +É ñÎ âÕÓÁ (ÞÅÛÓËÉÊ É ÓÌÏ×ÁÃËÉÊ), âÏÒÉÓ ÷ÅÊÃÍÁÎ (ÒÕÓÓËÉÊ), óÔÁÛÅË +÷Á×ÒÉËÅ×ÉÞ (ÐÏÌØÓËÉÊ). + +òÁÚÕÍÅÅÔÓÑ, ÎÁÛÁ ÇÌÁ×ÎÁÑ ÂÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÎÏÓÔØ "---äÏÎÁÌØÄÕ ëÎÕÔÕ, ×Ï-ÐÅÒ×ÙÈ, +ÚÁ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÕ \TeX Á, É ×Ï-×ÔÏÒÙÈ, ÚÁ ÔÏ, ÞÔÏ ÏÎ ÐÏÄÁÒÉÌ ÅÇÏ ÍÉÒÕ. + +\section{éÓÔÏÒÉÑ ÉÚÄÁÎÉÑ} +\label{sec:history} + +\subsection{ðÒÏÛÌÏÅ} + +÷ ËÏÎÃÅ 1993 ÇÏÄÁ × ÇÏÌÌÁÎÄÓËÏÊ ÇÒÕÐÐÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ \TeX{}Á ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ +ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÎÁÄ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÏÍ 4All\TeX{} \CD{} ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ +\acro{MS-DOS} ×ÏÚÎÉËÌÁ ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÉÄÅÑ. âÙÌÁ ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÃÅÌØ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ +ÅÄÉÎÙÊ \CD{} ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ. üÔÁ ÃÅÌØ ÂÙÌÁ ÞÅÒÅÞÕÒ ÓÌÏÖÎÁ ÄÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ +×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ, ÎÏ ÏÎÁ ÐÒÉ×ÅÌÁ ÎÅ ÔÏÌØËÏ Ë ÐÏÑ×ÌÅÎÉÀ ÏÞÅÎØ ÕÓÐÅÛÎÏÇÏ \CD{} +4All\TeX{}, ÎÏ É Ë ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÀ ÒÁÂÏÞÅÊ ÇÒÕÐÐÙ ôÅÈÎÉÞÅÓËÏÇÏ óÏ×ÅÔÁ +\acro{TUG} ÐÏ ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÅ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ ÄÌÑ \TeX{}Á +(\url{http://tug.org/tds}), ËÏÔÏÒÑ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÁÌÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔ ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÙ +ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ ÄÌÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ \TeX É ÕËÁÚÁÌÁ, ËÁË ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÌÏÇÉÞÎÕÀ ÅÄÉÎÕÀ +ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÄÌÑ \TeX Á. îÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ \TDS{} ÂÙÌÏ ÏÐÕÂÌÉËÏ×ÁÎÏ +× ÄÅËÁÂÒØÓËÏÍ ×ÙÐÕÓËÅ \textsl{TUGboat} × 1995 ÇÏÄÕ, É Ó ÓÁÍÏÇÏ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ +ÓÔÁÌÏ ÑÓÏ, ÞÔÏ ÓÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÐÒÉÍÅÒ ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÙ ÎÁ \CD{}. äÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×, +ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ×Ù ÄÅÒÖÉÔÅ × ÒÕËÁÈ, "---ÐÒÑÍÏÊ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÜÔÏÊ ÇÒÕÐÐÙ. +éÚ ÕÓÐÅÈÁ 4All\TeX{} ÂÙÌ ÓÄÅÌÁÎ ×Ù×ÏÄ, ÞÔÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ àÎÉËÓÁ ÔÁËÖÅ +ÐÏÄÏÊÄ£Ô ÔÁËÁÑ ÕÄÏÂÎÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ, É ÔÁË ÒÏÄÉÌÁÓØ ÄÒÕÇÁÑ ×ÁÖÎÁÑ ÞÁÓÔØ +\TL. + +íÙ ÎÁÞÁÌÉ ÄÅÌÁÔØ \CD{} Ó àÎÉËÓÏÍ É ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÏÊ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÊ \TDS{} ÏÓÅÎØÀ +1995 ÇÏÄÁ, É ÂÙÓÔÒÏ ÐÏÎÑÌÉ, ÞÔÏ Õ \teTeX{}Á ôÏÍÁÓÁ üÓÓÅÒÁ ÉÄÅÁÌØÎÙÊ +ÓÏÓÔÁ× É ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍ. ôÏÍÁÓ ÓÏÇÌÁÓÉÌÓÑ ÎÁÍ ÐÏÍÏÞØ, É ÍÙ +× ÎÁÞÁÌÅ 1996 ÇÏÄÁ ÓÔÁÌÉ ÓÅÒØ£ÚÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÎÁÄ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÏÍ. ðÅÒ×ÏÅ +ÉÚÄÁÎÉÅ ×ÙÛÌÏ × ÍÁÅ 1996 ÇÏÄÁ. ÷ ÎÁÞÁÌÅ 1997 ÇÏÄÁ ëÁÒÌ âÅÒÒÉ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÉÌ +ÎÏ×ÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ Web2c, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ×ËÌÀÞÉÌÁ ÐÒÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ×ÓÅ ÄÏÂÁ×ËÉ ôÏÍÁÓÁ +üÓÓÅÒÁ × \teTeX{}Å, É ÍÙ ÒÅÛÉÌÉ ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÔÏÒÏÅ ÉÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÏÍ +\Webc, Ó ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅÍ ÓËÒÉÐÔÁ \texttt{texconfig} ÉÚ \teTeX{}Á. ôÒÅÔØÅ +ÉÚÄÁÎÉÅ \CD{} ÏÓÎÏ×Ù×ÁÌÏÓØ ÎÁ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ \Webc, 7.2, ïÌÁÆÁ ÷ÅÂÅÒÁ; 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ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sec:multiple-dist}, +\p.~\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}). ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ: + +\begin{itemize*} +\item ðÏ ÐÒÏÓØÂÅ Á×ÔÏÒÏ× \LaTeX{}Á, ÍÙ ÓÍÅÎÉÅÌÉ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ + \cmdname{latex} É \cmdname{pdflatex}: ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÏÎÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÕÀÔ \eTeX{} + (ÓÍ. ÓÔÒ.~\pageref{text:etex}). +\item îÏ×ÙÅ ÛÒÉÆÔÙ Latin Modern ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ É ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÏ×ÁÎÙ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ. +\item õÂÒÁÎÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÄÌÑ Alpha \acro{OSF} + (ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÄÌÑ \acro{HPUX} ÂÙÌÁ ÕÂÒÁÎÁ ÒÁÎÅÅ), ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÎÉËÔÏ + ÎÅ ÉÍÅÌ (É ÎÅ ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÉÌ) ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÏ× ÄÌÑ ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ. +\item óÉÌØÎÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÌÁÓØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÄÌÑ Windows: ×ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ ÂÙÌÁ ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÅÎÁ + ÉÎÔÅÇÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÁÑ ÓÒÅÄÁ ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×Å ÒÅÄÁËÔÏÒÁÑ XEmacs. +\item äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ×ÓÐÏÍÏÇÁÔÅÌÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÄÌÑ Windows + (Perl, Ghost\-script, Image\-Magick, Ispell). +\item æÁÊÌÙ Fontmap ÄÌÑ \cmdname{dvips}, \cmdname{dvipdfm} + É \cmdname{pdftex} ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÕÀÔÒÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ + \cmdname{updmap} É ÕÓÔÁÎ×ÁÌÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ × \dirname{texmf/fonts/map}. +\item \TeX{}, \MF{}, and \MP{} ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ×Ù×ÏÄÑÔ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ + ÉÚ ×ÅÒÈÎÅÊ ÐÏÌÏ×ÉÎÙ ÔÁÂÌÉÃÙ ASCII × ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÏÔËÒÙÔÙÅ + ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ \verb|\write|, ÌÏÇÉ É ÎÁ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ ÂÕË×ÁÌØÎÏ, + Ô.Å. \emph{ÎÅ} ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ \verb|^^|. ÷ \TL{}~7 ÜÔÏ ÚÁ×ÉÓÅÌÏ ÏÔ + ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÊ ÌÏËÁÌÉ, ÎÏ ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÜÔÏ ×ÅÒÎÏ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÌÏËÁÌÅÊ. åÓÌÉ + ×ÁÍ ÎÕÖÅÎ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ \verb|^^|, ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÕÊÔÅ ÆÁÊÌ + \verb|texmf/web2c/cp8bit.tcx|. ÷ ÂÕÄÕÝÅÍ ÜÔÁ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÁ ÂÕÄÅÔ + ÕÐÒÏÝÅÎÁ. +\item äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ ÂÙÌÁ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ. +\item îÁËÏÎÅÃ, ÉÚ-ÚÁ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏ ÎÕÍÅÒÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÉÚÄÁÎÉÑÍ ÓÔÁÌÁ ÎÅÕÄÏÂÎÏÊ, + ÍÙ ÐÅÒÅÛÌÉ ÎÁ ÎÕÍÅÒÁÃÉÀ ÐÏ ÇÏÄÁÍ: \TL{} 2003. +\end{itemize*} + +\subsubsection{2004} + +÷ 2004 ÇÏÄÕ ÍÙ ×ÎÅÓÌÉ ÍÎÏÇÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ. + +\begin{itemize} + +\item åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÅ ÛÒÉÆÔÙ Ó ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÁÍÉ + \filename{.map} ÉÌÉ \filename{.enc}, ×ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÉÔØÓÑ + ÐÅÒÅÍÅÓÔÉÔØ ÜÔÉ ÆÁÊÌÙ. + + æÁÊÌÙ \filename{.map} ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÉÝÕÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ × ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑÈ + \dirname{fonts/map} (× ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÄÅÒÅ×Å \filename{temf}) × ÐÕÔÉ + \envname{TEXFONTMAPS}. áÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÏ ÆÁÊÌÙ \filename{.enc} ÔÅÐÅÒØ + ÉÝÕÔÓÑ × ÔÏÌØËÏ × ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑÈ \dirname{fonts/enc} × ÐÕÔÉ + \envname{ENCFONTS}. ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \cmdname{updmap} ÐÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÖÄÁÅÔ, ÅÓÌÉ + ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔ ÜÔÉ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÅ ÔÁÍ, ÇÄÅ ÏÎÉ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ. + + óÍ. ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÒÁÚÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ × See + section~\ref{sec:struct-tl} (\p.\pageref{sec:struct-tl}). + +\item ë ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ \TK{} ÂÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÊ \CD{} Ó + ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÏÍ \MIKTEX{} ÄÌÑ ÔÅÈ, ËÔÏ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÞÉÔÁÅÔ \MIKTEX{} + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍ, ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍ ÎÁ \Webc. óÍ. ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sec:struct-tl} + (\p.\pageref{sec:struct-tl}). + + +\item äÅÒÅ×Ï \dirname{texmf} × \TL{} ÂÙÌÏ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÏ ÎÁ ÔÒÉ: + \dirname{texmf}, \dirname{texmf-dist} É \dirname{texmf-doc}. + óÍ. ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sec:tld} (\p.\pageref{sec:tld}) É ÆÁÊÌÙ + \filename{README} × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑÈ. + +\item ÷ÓÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÞÉÔÁÅÔ \TeX, ÓÏÂÒÁÎÙ × ÐÏÄÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ + \dirname{tex} ÄÅÒÅ×ØÅ× \dirname{texmf*} ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÎÁ + \dirname{tex}, \dirname{etex}, \dirname{pdftex}, \dirname{pdfetex} É + Ô.Ä. \\óÍ. \CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions} + {\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Extensions}}. + + +\item ÷ÓÐÏÍÏÇÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ (×ÙÚÙ×ÁÅÍÙÅ ÄÒÕÇÉÍÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ, Á ÎÅ + ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ) ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÓÏÂÒÁÎÙ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ + \dirname{scripts} ÄÅÒÅ×ØÅ× \dirname{texmf*} É ÉÝÕÔÓÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ + \verb|kpsewhich -format=texmfscripts|. ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÅÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÀÔ ÔÁËÉÅ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ, ÉÈ ÎÁÄÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ. óÍ. + \CDref{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts} + {\texttt{texmf-doc/doc/english/tds/tds.html\#Scripts}}. + + +\item ðÏÞÔÉ ×ÓÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÙ ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÀÔ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ× + ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ``ÔÁÂÌÉÃÙ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÁ'' \filename{cp227.tcx} + ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁ \verb|^^|. ÷ ÞÁÓÔÎÏÓÔÉ, ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ Ó ËÏÄÁÍÉ 32--256 + ÐÌÀÓ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÑ, ×ÅÒÔÉËÁÌØÎÁÑ ÔÁÂÕÌÑÃÉÑ É ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÀÔÓÑ + ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ. éÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑÍÉ Ñ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ plain \TeX{} (ÐÅÞÁÔÁÀÔÓÑ + ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ 32--127), \ConTeXt{} (0--255) É ÆÏÒÍÁÔÙ, + ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÅÓÑ Ë ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ \OMEGA. üÔÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÞÔÉ ÔÁËÏÅ ÖÅ, ËÁË Õ + \TL\,2003, ÎÏ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÏ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÁËËÕÒÁÔÎÏ, Ó Â\'ÏÌØÛÅÊ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØÀ + ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ. óÍ. \CDref{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files} + {\texttt{texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html\#TCX-files}}. (ëÓÔÁÔÉ, ÐÒÉ ××ÏÄÅ + × Unicode, \TeX\ ÍÏÖÅÔ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÐÒÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÉ ÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÕ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÞÁÓÔØ + ÍÎÏÇÏÂÁÊÔÎÏÇÏ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÁ, ÔÁË ËÁË ×ÎÕÔÒÉ \TeX\ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ Ó ÂÁÊÔÁÍÉ). + + +\item \textsf{pdfetex} ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ×, ËÒÏÍÅ + plain \textsf{tex}. (òÁÚÕÍÅÅÔÓÑ, ÏÎ ÄÅÌÁÅÔ ÆÁÊÌÙ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ + \acro{DVI}, ÅÓÌÉ ×ÙÚ×ÁÎ ËÁË \textsf{latex} É Ô.Ð.). üÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, + ÐÏÍÉÍÏ ÐÒÏÞÅÇÏ, ÞÔÏ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ \textsf{pdftex}a ÄÌÑ ÍÉËÒÏÔÉÐÏÇÒÁÆÉÉ + Á ÔÁËÖÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ \eTeX Á ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙ × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁÈ \LaTeX, \ConTeXt{} É + Ô.Ä. (\OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/}). + + üÔÏ ÔÁËÖÅ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ÔÅÐÅÒØ \emph{ÏÞÅÎØ ×ÁÖÎÏ} ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÁËÅÔ + \pkgname{ifpdf} (ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ É Ó plain, É Ó \LaTeX) ÉÌÉ ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔÎÙÅ + ÓÒÅÄÓÔ×Á, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÁ, ÏÐÒÅÄẠ̊ΠÌÉ \cs{pdfoutput} ÉÌÉ + ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÐÒÉÍÉÔÉ× ÎÅ ÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÁ ÄÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÏÎÑÔØ, × ËÁËÏÍ + ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ. íÙ ÓÄÅÌÁÌÉ ×Ó£ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÅ ÄÌÑ + ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ × ÜÔÏÍ ÇÏÄÕ, ÎÏ × ÂÕÄÕÝÅÍ ÇÏÄÕ \cs{pdfoutput} ÍÏÖÅÔ + ÂÙÔØ ÏÐÒÅÄẠ̊ΠÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ \acro{DVI}. + + +\item õ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ pdf\TeX\ (\url{http://pdftex.org}) ÍÎÏÇÏ ÎÏ×ÙÈ + ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÅÊ: + + \begin{itemize*} + + \item ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ËÁÒÔ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× ÉÚÎÕÔÒÉ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÍÏÝÉ + \cs{pdfmapfile} É \cs{pdfmapline}. + + \item íÉËÒÏÔÉÐÏÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÙ + ÎÁÍÎÏÇÏ + ÐÒÏÝÅ.\\ + \url{http://www.ntg.nl/pipermail/ntg-pdftex/2004-May/000504.html} + + + \item ÷ÓÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ, ÒÁÎÅÅ ÚÁÄÁ×Á×ÛÉÅÓÑ × ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏÍ + ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÍ ÆÁÊÌÅ \filename{pdftex.cfg}, ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ + ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÐÒÉÍÉÔÉ×ÁÍÉ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, × ÆÁÊÌÅ + \filename{pdftexconfig.tex}. æÁÊÌ \filename{pdftex.cfg} ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÎÅ + ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ. ðÒÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÉ ÆÁÊÌÁ \filename{pdftexconfig.tex} + ×ÓÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÙ \filename{.fmt} ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÐÅÒÅÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ. + + \item ïÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ × ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Å ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ pdf\TeX: \OnCD{texmf/doc/pdftex/manual}. + + \end{itemize*} + + +\item ðÒÉÍÉÔÉ× \cs{input} × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ \cmdname{tex} (É \cmdname{mf} É + \cmdname{mpost}) ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÉÒÕÅÔ ÐÒÏÂÅÌÙ É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ + ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ × Ä×ÏÊÎÙÈ ËÁ×ÙÞËÁÈ. ÷ÏÔ ÔÉÐÉÞÎÙÅ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÙ: +\begin{verbatim} +\input "filename with spaces" % plain +\input{"filename with spaces"} % latex +\end{verbatim} +óÍ. ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÓÔÉ × ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Å Ë ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ \Webc: \OnCD{texmf/doc/web2c}. + + +\item ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ enc\TeX Á ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ × \Webc, É ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ×Ï ×ÓÅ + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ \TeX, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ \optname{-enc} + "---\emph{ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÉ ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ×}. enc\TeX{} + ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÂÝÕÀ ÐÅÒÅËÏÄÉÒÏ×ËÕ ×ÈÏÄÎÏÇÏ É ×ÙÈÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÔÏËÏ×, ÞÔÏ + ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÐÏÌÎÕÀ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ Unicode (× \acro{UTF}-8). + óÍ. \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/generic/enctex/} É + \url{http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html}. + +\item ÷ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å ÐÏÑ×ÉÌÁÓØ ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ Aleph, ÓÏÞÅÔÁÀÝÁÑ + \eTeX\ É \OMEGA. ëÒÁÔËÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÎÅÊ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × + \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base} É + \url{http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=aleph}. æÏÒÍÁÔ + ÄÌÑ \LaTeX Á ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×Å ÜÔÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ \textsf{lamed}. + +\item ðÏÓÌÅÄÎÑÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ \LaTeX Á ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÎÏ×ÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ ÌÉÃÅÎÚÉÉ + \acro{LPPL} "---ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÏÆÉÃÉÁÌØÎÏ ÏÄÏÂÒÅÎÎÕÀ DebianÏÍ. îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ + ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÅÎÙ × ÆÁÊÌÁÈ \filename{ltnews} × \OnCD{texmf-dist/doc/latex/base}. + +\item ÷ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å ÐÏÑ×ÉÌÁÓØ \cmdname{dvipng}, ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÄÌÑ + ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÁ \acro{DVI} × \acro{PNG}. + óÍ. \OnCD{texmf/doc/man/man1/dvipng.1}. + +\item íÙ ÕÍÅÎØÛÉÌÉ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÐÁËÅÔÁ \pkgname{cbgreek} ÄÏ ÐÒÉÅÍÌÅÍÏÇÏ + ÎÁÂÏÒÁ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×, Ó ÓÏÇÌÁÓÉÑ É ÓÏ×ÅÔÁ Á×ÔÏÒÁÁ (ëÌÁÕÄÉÏ âÅËËÁÒÉ). + éÓËÌÀÞÅÎÙ ÎÅ×ÉÄÉÍÙÅ, ÐÒÏÚÒÁÞÎÙÅ É ÐÏÌÕÐÒÏÚÒÁÞÎÙÅ ÛÒÉÆÔÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ + ÏÔÎÏÓÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÒÅÄËÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ, Á ÎÁÍ ÎÅ È×ÁÔÁÌÏ ÍÅÓÔÁ. ðÏÌÎÙÊ + ÎÁÂÏÒ ÛÒÉÆÔÏ× ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ × ÁÒÈÉ×Å \acro{CTAN} + (\url{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/greek/cb}). + + +\item ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \cmdname{oxdvi} ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÁ; ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ + \cmdname{xdvi}. + + +\item ìÉÎËÉ \cmdname{ini} É \cmdname{vir} ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ \cmdname{tex}, + \cmdname{mf} É \cmdname{mpost} (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, \cmdname{initex}) ÂÏÌØÛÅ + ÎÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÀÔÓÑ. õÖÅ ÍÎÏÇÏ ÌÅÔ ÏÐÃÉÑ \optname{-ini} ÉÈ ÕÓÐÅÛÎÏ + ÚÁÍÅÎÑÅÔ. + +\item õÂÒÁÎÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ \textsf{i386-openbsd}. ôÁË ËÁË × + ÐÏÒÔÁÈ BSD ÅÓÔØ ÐÁËÅÔ \pkgname{tetex}, É ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ + ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ ÄÌÑ \acro{GNU/}Linux É Free\acro{BSD}, ÍÙ ÐÏÓÞÉÔÁÌÉ, ÞÔÏ + ×ÒÅÍÑ ÄÏÂÒÏ×ÏÌØÎÙÈ ÓÏÔÒÕÄÎÉËÏ× ÐÒÏÅËÔÁ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÔÒÁÔÉÔØ Ó Â\'ÏÌØÛÅÊ + ÐÏÌØÚÏÊ ÐÏ-ÄÒÕÇÏÍÕ. + + +\item ðÏ ËÒÁÊÎÅÊ ÍÅÒÅ ÄÌÑ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ \textsf{sparc-solaris} ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ + ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ \envname{LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH} ÄÌÑ + ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ \pkgname{t1utils}. üÔÏ ×ÙÚ×ÁÎÏ ÔÅÍ, ÞÔÏ ÏÎÉ + ÎÁÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÎÁ C++, Á ÄÌÑ ÂÉÂÉÌÉÏÔÅË C++ ÎÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÏÇÏ ÍÅÓÔÁ × + ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ (ÜÔÏ ÐÏÑ×ÉÌÏÓØ ÄÏ 2004 ÇÏÄÁ, ÎÏ ÒÁÎÅÅ ÜÔÁ + ÏÓÏÂÅÎÎÏÓÔØ ÎÅ ÂÙÌÁ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÁ). áÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÏ, × + \textsf{mips-irix} ÔÒÅÂÕÀÔÓÑ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÉ \acro{MIPS}pro 7.4. + +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{îÁÓÔÏÑÝÅÅ} +\label{sec:tlcurrent} + +÷ 2005 ÇÏÄÕ ÂÙÌÏ, ËÁË ×ÓÅÇÄÁ, ÓÄÅÌÁÎÏ ÍÎÏÇÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ × ÐÁËÅÔÁÈ É +ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ. éÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ÐÏÞÔÉ ÎÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÌÁÓØ ÐÏ ÓÒÁ×ÎÅÎÅÎÉÀ Ó 2004 +ÇÏÄÏÍ, ÎÏ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅÉÚÂÅÖÎÙÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÂÙÌÉ ÓÄÅÌÁÎÙ. + +\begin{itemize} + +\item âÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ \cmdname{texconfig-sys}, + \cmdname{updmap-sys} É \cmdname{fmtutil-sys}, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÑÀÔ + ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ÄÅÒÅ×ØÑÈ. óËÒÉÐÔÙ + \cmdname{texconfig}, \cmdname{updmap} É \cmdname{fmtutil} ÔÅÐÅÒØ + ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÕÀÔ ÉÎÄÉ×ÉÄÕÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, × + \dirname{$HOME/.texlive2005}. óÍ. ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sec:texconfig}, + \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}. + +\item âÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} É + \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} ÄÌÑ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ, ÇÄÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ + ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ (ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÉÅ É ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ). ôÁËÉÍ + ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ, ×ÁÍ ÎÁÄÏ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÓÔÉÔØ ÔÕÄÁ ×ÁÛÉ ÌÉÞÎÙÅ ËÏÐÉÉ + \filename{fmtutil.cnf} É \filename{texmf.cnf}. ÷ ÌÀÂÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ + ÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÉÅ ÜÔÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× É ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ \envname{TEXMFCONFIG} É + \envname{TEXMFSYSCONFIG} ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÓÏÇÌÁÓÏ×ÁÎÙ. + óÍ. ÒÁÚÄÅÌ~\ref{sec:texmftrees}, \p.\pageref{sec:texmftrees}. + +\item ÷ ÐÒÏÛÌÏÍ ÇÏÄÕ ÍÙ ÎÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÌÉ \verb|\pdfoutput| É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ + ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ÐÒÉ ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ× × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ DVI, ÈÏÔÑ ÄÌÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ + ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÁÓØ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \cmdname{pdfetex}. ÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÇÏÄÕ, ËÁË É ÂÙÌÏ + ÏÂÅÝÁÎÏ, ÜÔÏ ÕÖÅ ÎÅ ÔÁË. ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÅÓÌÉ ×ÁÛ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÄÌÑ + ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁ \verb|\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined|, ÅÇÏ ÎÁÄÏ + ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ. ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÁËÅÔ \pkgname{ifpdf.sty} + (ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ × plain \TeX{} É \LaTeX) ÉÌÉ ÁÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÕÀ ÌÏÇÉËÕ. + +\item ÷ ÐÒÏÛÌÏÍ ÇÏÄÕ ÍÙ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÌÉ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÓÔÁÌÉ + ×ÙÄÁ×ÁÔØ 8-ÂÉÔÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ. åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ×Ó£ ÖÅ ÎÕÖÎÙ ÓÔÁÒÙÊ ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔ Ó + \verb|^^|, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ \filename{empty.tcx}: +\begin{verbatim} +latex --translate-file=empty.tcx yourfile.tex +\end{verbatim} + + +\item äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ \cmdname{dvipdfmx} ÄÌÑ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÁ ÉÚ DVI + × PDF; ÜÔÏ ÁËÔÉ×ÎÏ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ + \cmdname{dvipdfm}, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÐÏËÁ ÅÝ£ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×, ÎÏ ÕÖÅ + ÎÅ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÏ×ÁÎÁ. + +\item äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ \cmdname{pdfopen} É + \cmdname{pdfclose}, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÔ ÐÅÒÅÇÒÕÚÉÔØ ÆÁÊÌ PDF × Adobe + Acrobat Reader, ÎÅ ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÕÓËÁÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ (Õ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ ÄÌÑ + ÞÔÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ× PDF, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ \cmdname{xpdf}, \cmdname{gv} É + \cmdname{gsview}, ÔÁËÏÊ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ ÎÅ ÂÙÌÏ). + +\item äÌÑ ÅÄÉÎÏÏÂÒÁÚÉÑ ÍÙ ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ \envname{HOMETEXMF} + É \envname{VARTEXMF} × \envname{TEXMFHOME} É \envname{TEXMFSYSVAR}. + åÓÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ \envname{TEXMFVAR}, ÉÎÄÉ×ÉÄÕÁÌØÎÁÑ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ + ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ (ÓÍ. ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÐÕÎËÔ ×ÙÛÅ). +\end{itemize} + +\subsection{âÕÄÕÝÅÅ} + +\emph{\TL{} ÎÅ ÓÏ×ÅÒÛÅÎÅÎ!} (é ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ.) íÙ +ÎÁÍÅÒÅ×ÁÅÍÓÑ ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÔØ ÅÇÏ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁÔØ ÒÁÚ × ÇÏÄ, É ÈÏÔÉÍ ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ +ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÙÊ ÍÁÔÅÒÉÁÌ, ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ É (ËÏÎÅÞÎÏ) +ÎÏ×ÏÅ, ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÎÏÅ É ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÅÎÎÏÅ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÍÁËÒÏÓÏ× É ÛÒÉÆÔÏ×. üÔÁ ÒÁÂÏÔÁ +ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ ÏÞÅÎØ ÚÁÎÑÔÙÍÉ ÄÏÂÒÏ×ÏÌØÃÁÍÉ × Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÏÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ, É ÍÎÏÇÏÅ +ÏÓÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÏÍÏÞØ, ÎÅ ÓÔÅÓÎÑÊÔÅÓØ. + +ðÒÉÓÙÌÁÊÔÅ, ÐÏÖÁÌÕÊÓÔÁ, ÚÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÑ É ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÕ:\hfill\null +\begin{quote} +Sebastian Rahtz \ / \ 7 Stratfield Road \ / \ Oxford OX2 7BG \ / \ UK \\ +\email{tex-live@tug.org} \\ +\url{http://tug.org/texlive} +\end{quote} + +\medskip +\noindent \textsl{Happy \TeX ing!} + +\end{document} + +%%% Local Variables: +%%% mode: latex +%%% TeX-master: t +%%% LaTeX-command-style: (("." "pdflatex")) +%%% TeX-view-style: (("." "acroread %s.pdf")) +%%% End: diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/live4ht.cfg b/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/live4ht.cfg new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..508ccca27c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/live4ht.cfg @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +% tex4ht configuration file for the TeX Live documentation. +% Accumulated over many years. Public domain. +% +% html specifies the main output format. +% info for extra debugging info in the log files. + +% better approach is to have html in one piece (including footnotes). +% also the newest TeX4ht could produce UTF-8 output (-utf8 option) +\Preamble{charset=iso-8859-5,html,info,fn-in} + +% add extra stylesheet +\Configure{@HEAD}{\HCode{% +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="\jobname.css" />\Hnewline +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="tex-live.css" />\Hnewline +}} + +% or LaTeX complains it is missing. +\begin{document} + +\EndPreamble + +% simplify output for HTML. We leave TeX and LaTeX alone, since tex4ht +% actually does the lowered E (and raised A) in CSS. +\def\OMEGA{Omega} +\def\LaTeXe{LaTeX2e} +\def\eTeX{e-\TeX} +\def\acro#1{#1} +\def\MF{Metafont} +\def\BibTeX{BibTeX} +\def\warningbox{} +\def\endwarningbox{} + +\newif\ifhackliterals +\ifx\tldocenglish\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocrussian\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +\ifx\tldocgerman\undefined \else \hackliteralstrue \fi +% +\ifhackliterals + % these definitions cause "missing } inserted" at \end{tabularx} in + % French and Czech. don't know why. + % + % don't make these into links, as happens with \path. We only have a couple + % special characters that actually occur. + \def\dirname{\texttt\bgroup\catcode`\$=12 \catcode`\_=12 \finishliteral} + \def\finishliteral#1{#1\egroup} + \let\filename=\dirname +\fi diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/tex-live-rus.sty b/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/tex-live-rus.sty new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2e00e2747b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/source/russian/texlive-ru/tex-live-rus.sty @@ -0,0 +1,425 @@ +% $Id: tex-live-rus.sty,v 1.4 2005/10/29 00:15:44 boris Exp $ $Author: boris $ $Date: 2005/10/29 00:15:44 $ +% TeX Live documentation style. Written by many people over many years. +% Public domain. +% +\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01] +\ProvidesPackage{tex-live}[2005/09/24 v1.5 TeX Live documentation style] +% +\RequirePackage{alltt} +\RequirePackage{array} +\RequirePackage{colortbl} +\RequirePackage{comment} +\RequirePackage{float} +\RequirePackage{graphicx} +\RequirePackage{longtable} +\RequirePackage{shortvrb} +\RequirePackage[normalem]{ulem} +\RequirePackage[obeyspaces]{url} +\RequirePackage{xspace} +% +\usepackage{textcomp}% including \textbullet +\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} +% +% for a proper \acro command (even in the context of the definition in +% ltugboat -- \DRC overrides without checking) +\RequirePackage{relsize} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\acro}[1]{\textsmaller{#1}\@} +% +\RequirePackage{fancyvrb} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{fverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\footnotesize} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{sverbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\small} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{boxedverbatim} + {Verbatim}{fontsize=\scriptsize,frame=single} +\DefineVerbatimEnvironment{Verbatim}{Verbatim}{fontsize=\normalsize} +\def\verbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\boxedverbatiminput#1{\VerbatimInput[frame=single,fontsize=\scriptsize]{#1}} +\def\listinginput#1#2{\VerbatimInput[fontsize=\scriptsize,firstnumber=#1,numbers=left]{#2}} +\MakeShortVerb\| +% +% +% Done with packages. +% +% Page layout. +\advance\textwidth by 1.1in +\advance\oddsidemargin by -.55in +\advance\evensidemargin by -.55in +% +\advance\textheight by 1in +\advance\topmargin by -.5in +\advance\footskip by -.5in +\pagestyle{headings} +% +% LaTeX parameters. +\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.85} +\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.86} +\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.1} +\renewcommand{\belowcaptionskip}{4pt} +\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} +\setcounter{topnumber}{5} +\setcounter{totalnumber}{5} +% +% linebreaking, etc. +\hbadness=4000 +\vbadness=4000 +\emergencystretch=.1\hsize +\relpenalty=500 +% +\def\slash{/\penalty\z@\hskip\z@skip } +% +% various sorts of names +\newcommand*{\pkgname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% package name +\newcommand*{\optname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% (package,class) option name +\newcommand*{\cmdname}[1]{\textsf{#1}}% command name +\newcommand*{\colname}[1]{\emph{#1}}% collection name +\newcommand*{\dirname}[1]{\path{#1}}% directory name +\newcommand*{\filename}[1]{\path{#1}}% file name +\newcommand*{\envname}[1]{\texttt{#1}}% environment variable name +\newcommand{\code}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\file}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\prog}[1]{\texttt{#1}} +\newcommand{\samp}[1]{`\texttt{#1}'} +\newcommand{\var}[1]{{\sl #1}}% not \textsl, for roman not typewriter slanted. +\newcommand{\ttvar}[1]{\texttt{\var{#1}}} +% +% underlined command input. +\def\Ucom#1{% + \uline{\rule[-.2\baselineskip]{0pt}{.9\baselineskip}\ttfamily #1}} +% +% \CDref is for url's with a #, where we need to write the target url and +% displayed url separately in the input, due to catcode madness. +% (We could simplify/remove this next time, I think.) +\def\CDref#1#2{\texttt{#1}} +% +% \OnCD is currently for any other reference to a file or directory in +% the distribution. PDF readers only open .pdf files, though, so we +% should change this to only use \href for those. Or more likely use +% different macros in the source. +\def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{\path{#1}}} +% +% \href incorrectly appends .pdf to anything without an extension; these +% definitions using \hyper@linkurl do not, but they fail for .pdf +% references -- which are the only ones that work anyway. So this is +% useless, in practice. +%\def\CDref#1#2{\hyper@linkurl{#2}{../../../../#1}} +%\def\OnCD#1{\hyper@linkurl{\path{#1}}{../../../../#1}} + +% GUI menu/button/tab sequence: +\def\guiseq#1{\textsf{#1}} +\def\arw{\unskip$\rightarrow$\ignorespaces} +% +% Special names. +\def\dpi{$\,$dpi\xspace} +\def\bs{{\protect\normalfont\ttfamily\char'134}} +\DeclareRobustCommand{\cs}[1]{{\normalfont\ttfamily\char`\\#1}} +\def\Q#1{\par\vskip6pt\leftline{#1}\par} +\def\hyph{-} +% +% many abbreviations. +\newcommand{\CS}{$\mathcal{C}\kern-.1667em\lower.5ex% + \hbox{$\mathcal{S}$}\kern-.075em $} +\def\AFMtoTFM{\cmdname{AFM2TFM}\null} +\def\bv{\emph{Baskerville}} +\let\BV=\bv +\def\Dash{\unskip\nobreak\thinspace---\thinspace\ignorespaces} +\def\dvicopy{\cmdname{dvicopy}} +\def\dvidvi{\cmdname{dvidvi}} +\def\dvips{\cmdname{dvips}} +\def\eTeX{$\varepsilon$-\TeX} +\def\fpTeX{\textrm{fp}\TeX\xspace} +\def\GFtoDVI{\cmdname{GFtoDVI}\null} +\def\GFtoPK{\cmdname{GFtoPK}\null} +\def\GFtype{\cmdname{GFtype}} +\def\KPS{Kpathsea} +\def\La{La} +\def\OMEGA{$\Omega$} +\def\OzMF{OzMF} +\def\OzMP{OzMP} +\def\OzTeX{O\kern-.03em z\kern-.15em\TeX} +\def\p.{p.\,} +\def\PKtype{\cmdname{PKtype}} +\def\PLtoTF{\cmdname{PLtoTF}\null} +\def\ProTeXt{Pro\TeX t} +\def\teTeX{\textrm{te}\TeX\xspace} +\def\TeXLive{\TeX{} Live\xspace} +\def\TFtoPL{\cmdname{TFtoPL}\null} +\def\TK{\textsf{\TeX\ Collection}} +\let\TL=\TeXLive +\def\TypeI{Type~1} +\def\VFtoVP{\cmdname{VFtoVP}\null} +\def\VPtoVF{\cmdname{VPtoVF}\null} +\def\Thanh{H\`an~Th\^e\llap{\raise 0.5ex\hbox{\'{}}}~Th\`anh} +\def\XEmTeX{\textrm{XEm}\TeX\xspace} +\def\XEmacs{\textrm{XEmacs}\xspace} +\def\Webc{Web2C} +\providecommand*{\CD}{\acro{CD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\CTAN}{\acro{CTAN}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\DVD}{\acro{DVD}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\HTML}{\acro{HTML}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\MacOSX}{Mac\,\acro{OS\,X}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\PS}{Post\-Script\xspace} +\providecommand*{\TDS}{\acro{TDS}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\dvi}{\acro{DVI}\xspace} +\providecommand*{\web}{\texttt{web}\xspace} + +% Include an image. +% #1 - name of image (pictures/#1.jpg, always .jpg please) +% #2 - bb for html +% #3 - width for TeX +% +\def\tlimage#1#2#3{% + \ifnum \Status=2 % html, want relative path in output + \includegraphics[#2]{../../general/texlive-common/pictures/#1.jpg} + \else % not html, handled by TEXINPUTS in Makefile + \includegraphics[width=#3]{pictures/#1.jpg} + \fi + \\[5mm] +} +% +% description-like environment that uses tt instead of bf, and doesn't +% go to the left margin. Without the \hfil, get an underfull box. +% Don't know why \descriptionlabel doesn't. +% +\newenvironment{ttdescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt % these lists tend to have short descriptions + \parindent=0pt + \let\makelabel=\ttdescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\ttdescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\ttfamily #1\hfil} +% +% Likewise, for commands using sans serif. +\newenvironment{cmddescription} + {\begin{list}{label must be supplied}{% + \itemsep=0pt + \let\makelabel=\cmddescriptionlabel}}% + {\end{list}} +\newcommand*\cmddescriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep + \normalfont\sffamily #1\hfil} + +% General squeezed itemize. +\newenvironment{itemize*}% + {\begin{itemize}% + \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}% + \setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}% + {\end{itemize}} + +\newsavebox{\wbox} +\newenvironment{warningbox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\wbox} + \begin{minipage}{.95\textwidth}} + {\end{minipage}\end{lrbox}\fbox{\usebox{\wbox}}} +% +% lrbox is used as a representation marking. I changed it to +% lrBox in tne source file, to get closer to logical marking +\newsavebox{\mylrbox} +\newenvironment{lrBox} + {\begin{lrbox}{\mylrbox}} + {\end{lrbox}} + + +% emacs-page output setup +% +\ifx \HCode\UnDef + \providecommand{\Status}{0}% running TeX +\else + \providecommand{\Status}{2}% running TeX4ht +\fi +%\typeout{Status is \Status} +% +\newif\ifSingleColumn +% +% By default, we won't be creating hyperlinks. +\def\href#1#2{#2} +\def\hypertarget#1#2{} +\def\email#1{\href{mailto:#1}{\path{#1}}} % \path comes from url +% +\definecolor{hypercolor}{rgb}{0.5,0.0,0.5} % purplish external links. +% +% +\ifcase\Status + % \Status = 0 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in DVI format} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 1 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in PDF format} + \RequirePackage[breaklinks, + colorlinks,linkcolor=hypercolor,citecolor=hypercolor, + pagecolor=hypercolor,urlcolor=hypercolor, + filecolor=hypercolor, + bookmarksopen,pdfstartview={FitBH -320000},hyperindex] + {hyperref} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + \or + % \Status = 2 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation in HTML format} + \SingleColumntrue + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} + % read our config file, live4ht.cfg; q.v., for more definitions. + % hyperref load must come after the tex4ht load. + \RequirePackage[live4ht]{tex4ht} + \RequirePackage[tex4ht]{hyperref} \hyperlinkfileprefix{} + % definitions need simplifying for TeX4ht to make relative paths work. + \def\CDref#1#2{\href{../../../../#1}{#2}} + \def\OnCD#1{\href{../../../../#1}{#1}} + \or + % \Status = 3 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a Baskerville issue} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \RequirePackage{bvoutln}% outline of baskerville + \SingleColumnfalse + \RequirePackage{multicol} + \or + % \Status = 4 + \typeout{TeX Live documentation as a TUB article} + \@ifundefined{Fonts}% + {\RequirePackage{ae}}% + {\RequirePackage[T1]{\Fonts}} + \SingleColumnfalse + \newenvironment{multicols}[1]{}{} +\fi +% +\ifnum \Status=4 +\else + \RequirePackage{texnames} + \providecommand\TeXXeT{\TeX-{}-% + \kern-.1emX\kern-.125em\lower.5ex\hbox{E}\kern-.1667emT\@} + \def\MP{MetaPost} + \let\mf\MF + \newcommand\ConTeXt{C\kern-.0333emon\-\kern-.0667em\TeX\kern-.0333emt} + \newcommand\MIKTEX{MiK\kern-.025em \TeX}% per www.miktex.org + % from pictex.tex: + \ifx\PiC\undefined \def\PiC{P\kern-.12em\lower.5ex\hbox{I}\kern-.075emC} \fi + \ifx\PiCTeX\undefined \def\PiCTeX{\PiC\kern-.11em\TeX} \fi +\fi +% +% hacking at sections etc., to pay attention to baskerville status +\newcommand{\@condend@multicols}{% + \ifSingleColumn + \else + \def\@tempa{multicols}% + \ifx\@tempa\@currenvir + \end{multicols}% + \fi + \fi +} +\let\Section\section +\renewcommand{\section}{% + \@ifstar + {\Section*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@section + }% +} +\def\@full@section[#1]#2{% + \Section[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} +\let\SubSection\subsection +\renewcommand{\subsection}{% + \@ifstar{\SubSection*}% + {% + \@condend@multicols + \@dblarg\@full@subsection + } +} +\def\@full@subsection[#1]#2{% + \SubSection[#1]{#2}% + \ifSingleColumn\else\begin{multicols}{2}\fi +} + +% calm things down a bit if we're in a multiple-column version +\ifSingleColumn +\else + \def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini + \parsep \z@ + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \let\@listi\@listI + \@listi + \def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii + \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \itemsep \z@ \@plus .1\p@ + } + \def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii + \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + \topsep 1\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@ + \parsep \z@ + \partopsep \z@ + \itemsep \topsep + } + \def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv + \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv + \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } + \def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi + \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep + } +\fi +% +% array package stuff +\def\arraybackslash{\let\\=\@arraycr} +\newcolumntype{P}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}} +% +% shaded rows (using facilities of colortbl) +% +\definecolor{pale}{gray}{.9} +\newcount\colrow +\gdef\RowColor{pale} +\def\SetRowColor{% + \rowcolor{\RowColor}% + \global\advance\colrow by1\relax + \ifodd\colrow + \gdef\RowColor{pale}% + \else + \gdef\RowColor{white}% + \fi +} +% redefine to hack up a reference even though we don't need it... +\renewcommand\@bibitem[1]{\if@filesw \immediate\write\@auxout + {\string\bibcite{#1}{?}}\fi\ignorespaces} +% +% \unknownTeXlive is a dummy texlive entry for the biblio +\newcommand\unknownTeXlive[2][\relax]{\textbf{\textsc{unknown}}% + \global\@all@unknown\expandafter{\the\@all@unknown{#2}}% +} +\newtoks\@all@unknown +\global\@all@unknown{} +\AtEndDocument{\@message@unknowns} +\def\@message@unknowns{\edef\@tempa{\the\@all@unknown}% + \ifx\@tempa\@empty + \else + \def\@tempa{*** TeX live package location of }% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns\the\@all@unknown\@empty + \fi +} +\def\@output@unknowns#1{\edef\@tempb{#1}% + \ifx\@tempb\@empty + \typeout{ unknown}% + \else + \message{\@tempa#1,}% + \def\@tempa{}% + \expandafter\@output@unknowns + \fi +} + + +% Silence font warnings about no bold typewriter in LM. +\def\@font@warning#1{}% + +% Silence hyperref warnings about \kern. +\def\HyPsd@Warning#1{}% + +\endinput diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/FAQ-en.tpm b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/FAQ-en.tpm new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..57ebfb8bd85 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/FAQ-en.tpm @@ -0,0 +1,431 @@ +<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF SYSTEM "../../Tools/tpm.dtd"> +<rdf:RDF 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caption.</TPM:Title> + <TPM:Description> +French version of A Short +Introduction to LaTeX2e. + </TPM:Description> + <TPM:Author>Matthieu Herrb</TPM:Author> + <TPM:Size>2658945</TPM:Size> + <TPM:Build/> + <TPM:RunFiles size="1035">texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-french.tpm</TPM:RunFiles> + <TPM:DocFiles size="2657910"> +texmf-doc/doc/french/lshort-french/README +texmf-doc/doc/french/lshort-french/flshort-3.20.pdf +texmf-doc/doc/french/lshort-french/flshort-3.20.zip + </TPM:DocFiles> + <TPM:Provides>Documentation/lshort-french</TPM:Provides> + </rdf:Description> +</rdf:RDF> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-german.tpm b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-german.tpm new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5c28e37e5c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-german.tpm @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF SYSTEM "../../Tools/tpm.dtd"> +<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:TPM="http://texlive.dante.de/"> + <rdf:Description about="http://texlive.dante.de/texlive/Documentation/lshort-german.zip"> + <TPM:Name>lshort-german</TPM:Name> + <TPM:Type>Documentation</TPM:Type> + <TPM:Date>2005/10/30 13:17:34</TPM:Date> + <TPM:Version></TPM:Version> + <TPM:Creator>rahtz</TPM:Creator> + <TPM:Title> +German version of A Short +Introduction to LaTeX2e: LaTeX2e-Kurzbeschreibung. + </TPM:Title> + <TPM:Description></TPM:Description> + <TPM:Author>Walter Schmidt</TPM:Author> + <TPM:Size>918349</TPM:Size> + <TPM:Build/> + <TPM:RunFiles size="1633">texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-german.tpm</TPM:RunFiles> + <TPM:DocFiles size="916716"> +texmf-doc/doc/german/lshort-german/CHANGES +texmf-doc/doc/german/lshort-german/LaTeX2e-Kurzbeschreibung +texmf-doc/doc/german/lshort-german/README.l2kurz +texmf-doc/doc/german/lshort-german/a.ps +texmf-doc/doc/german/lshort-german/l2gfdl.tex +texmf-doc/doc/german/lshort-german/l2k1.tex +texmf-doc/doc/german/lshort-german/l2k2.tex +texmf-doc/doc/german/lshort-german/l2k3.tex 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<TPM:Type>Documentation</TPM:Type> + <TPM:Date>2005/10/30 13:17:34</TPM:Date> + <TPM:Version></TPM:Version> + <TPM:Creator>rahtz</TPM:Creator> + <TPM:Title> +Italian translation of the (Not So) Short Introduction to LaTeX. + </TPM:Title> + <TPM:Description></TPM:Description> + <TPM:Author>Giuseppe Bilotta</TPM:Author> + <TPM:Size>1137654</TPM:Size> + <TPM:Build/> + <TPM:RunFiles size="1272">texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-italian.tpm</TPM:RunFiles> + <TPM:DocFiles size="1136382"> +texmf-doc/doc/italian/lshort-italian/CHANGES +texmf-doc/doc/italian/lshort-italian/MANIFEST +texmf-doc/doc/italian/lshort-italian/Makefile +texmf-doc/doc/italian/lshort-italian/README +texmf-doc/doc/italian/lshort-italian/TRANSLATIONS +texmf-doc/doc/italian/lshort-italian/fixdate.pl +texmf-doc/doc/italian/lshort-italian/itlshort.pdf +texmf-doc/doc/italian/lshort-italian/src.zip + </TPM:DocFiles> + <TPM:Provides>Documentation/lshort-italian</TPM:Provides> + </rdf:Description> +</rdf:RDF> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-japanese.tpm b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-japanese.tpm new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0b4ae822d1e --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-japanese.tpm @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF SYSTEM "../../Tools/tpm.dtd"> +<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:TPM="http://texlive.dante.de/"> + <rdf:Description about="http://texlive.dante.de/texlive/Documentation/lshort-japanese.zip"> + <TPM:Name>lshort-japanese</TPM:Name> + <TPM:Type>Documentation</TPM:Type> + <TPM:Date>2005/10/30 13:17:34</TPM:Date> + <TPM:Version></TPM:Version> + <TPM:Creator>rahtz</TPM:Creator> + <TPM:Title> +Japanese version of A Short +Introduction to LaTeX2e + </TPM:Title> + <TPM:Description></TPM:Description> + <TPM:Author>Nomura Masataka</TPM:Author> + <TPM:Size>1346892</TPM:Size> + <TPM:Build/> + <TPM:RunFiles size="1147">texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-japanese.tpm</TPM:RunFiles> + <TPM:DocFiles size="1345745"> +texmf-doc/doc/japanese/lshort-japanese/00README +texmf-doc/doc/japanese/lshort-japanese/CHANGES.jp +texmf-doc/doc/japanese/lshort-japanese/READ.ME +texmf-doc/doc/japanese/lshort-japanese/jlshort-1.00.src.tar.gz +texmf-doc/doc/japanese/lshort-japanese/jlshort.pdf + </TPM:DocFiles> + <TPM:Provides>Documentation/lshort-japanese</TPM:Provides> + </rdf:Description> +</rdf:RDF> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-korean.tpm b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-korean.tpm new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ef5dd57bf8a --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-korean.tpm @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF SYSTEM "../../Tools/tpm.dtd"> +<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:TPM="http://texlive.dante.de/"> + <rdf:Description about="http://texlive.dante.de/texlive/Documentation/lshort-korean.zip"> + <TPM:Name>lshort-korean</TPM:Name> + <TPM:Type>Documentation</TPM:Type> + <TPM:Date>2005/10/30 13:17:34</TPM:Date> + <TPM:Version>1.0</TPM:Version> + <TPM:Creator>rahtz</TPM:Creator> + <TPM:Title>The lshort-korean package.</TPM:Title> + <TPM:Description></TPM:Description> + <TPM:Author></TPM:Author> + <TPM:Size>1139448</TPM:Size> + <TPM:Build/> + <TPM:RunFiles size="986">texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-korean.tpm</TPM:RunFiles> + <TPM:DocFiles size="1138462"> +texmf-doc/doc/korean/lshort-korean/README-kr +texmf-doc/doc/korean/lshort-korean/lshort-kr-src.tar.gz +texmf-doc/doc/korean/lshort-korean/lshort-kr.pdf + </TPM:DocFiles> + <TPM:Provides>Documentation/lshort-korean</TPM:Provides> + </rdf:Description> +</rdf:RDF> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-mongolian.tpm b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-mongolian.tpm new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0f55655f885 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-mongolian.tpm @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF SYSTEM "../../Tools/tpm.dtd"> +<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:TPM="http://texlive.dante.de/"> + <rdf:Description about="http://texlive.dante.de/texlive/Documentation/lshort-mongolian.zip"> + <TPM:Name>lshort-mongolian</TPM:Name> + <TPM:Type>Documentation</TPM:Type> + <TPM:Date>2005/10/30 13:17:34</TPM:Date> + <TPM:Version></TPM:Version> + <TPM:Creator>rahtz</TPM:Creator> + <TPM:Title>No caption.</TPM:Title> + <TPM:Description> +Mongolian version of A Short +Introduction to LaTeX2e . + </TPM:Description> + <TPM:Author>Oliver Corff</TPM:Author> + <TPM:Size>31640</TPM:Size> + <TPM:Build/> + <TPM:RunFiles size="1048">texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-mongolian.tpm</TPM:RunFiles> + <TPM:DocFiles size="30592"> +texmf-doc/doc/mongolian/lshort-mongolian/README +texmf-doc/doc/mongolian/lshort-mongolian/bogino.pdf +texmf-doc/doc/mongolian/lshort-mongolian/src.zip + </TPM:DocFiles> + <TPM:Provides>Documentation/lshort-mongolian</TPM:Provides> + </rdf:Description> +</rdf:RDF> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-polish.tpm b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-polish.tpm new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ced9ea2452e --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-polish.tpm @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF SYSTEM "../../Tools/tpm.dtd"> +<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:TPM="http://texlive.dante.de/"> + <rdf:Description about="http://texlive.dante.de/texlive/Documentation/lshort-polish.zip"> + <TPM:Name>lshort-polish</TPM:Name> + <TPM:Type>Documentation</TPM:Type> + <TPM:Date>2005/10/30 13:17:34</TPM:Date> + <TPM:Version></TPM:Version> + <TPM:Creator>rahtz</TPM:Creator> + <TPM:Title>Introduction to LaTeX in Polish.</TPM:Title> + <TPM:Description> +This is the Polish translation of A Short Introduction to LaTeX2e . + </TPM:Description> + <TPM:Author> +Janusz Goldasz and Ryszard Kubiak and Tomasz Przechlewski + </TPM:Author> + <TPM:Size>1052369</TPM:Size> + <TPM:Build/> + <TPM:RunFiles size="1109">texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-polish.tpm</TPM:RunFiles> + <TPM:DocFiles size="1051260"> +texmf-doc/doc/polish/lshort-polish/README +texmf-doc/doc/polish/lshort-polish/lshort2e.pdf +texmf-doc/doc/polish/lshort-polish/src.zip + </TPM:DocFiles> + <TPM:Provides>Documentation/lshort-polish</TPM:Provides> + </rdf:Description> +</rdf:RDF> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-portuguese.tpm b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-portuguese.tpm new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ce1c34ee237 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-portuguese.tpm @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF SYSTEM "../../Tools/tpm.dtd"> +<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:TPM="http://texlive.dante.de/"> + <rdf:Description about="http://texlive.dante.de/texlive/Documentation/lshort-portuguese.zip"> + <TPM:Name>lshort-portuguese</TPM:Name> + <TPM:Type>Documentation</TPM:Type> + <TPM:Date>2005/10/30 13:17:34</TPM:Date> + <TPM:Version>3.20</TPM:Version> + <TPM:Creator>rahtz</TPM:Creator> + <TPM:Title>Introduction to LaTeX in Portuguese.</TPM:Title> + <TPM:Description> +This is the Portuguese translation of A Short Introduction to LaTeX2e . + </TPM:Description> + <TPM:Author>Lenimar N. Andrade</TPM:Author> + <TPM:Size>1478834</TPM:Size> + <TPM:Build/> + <TPM:RunFiles size="1083">texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-portuguese.tpm</TPM:RunFiles> + <TPM:DocFiles size="1477751"> +texmf-doc/doc/portuguese/lshort-portuguese/ptlshort-4.14.src.tar.gz +texmf-doc/doc/portuguese/lshort-portuguese/ptlshort.pdf + </TPM:DocFiles> + <TPM:Provides>Documentation/lshort-portuguese</TPM:Provides> + </rdf:Description> +</rdf:RDF> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-russian.tpm b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-russian.tpm new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c474d315e23 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-russian.tpm @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF SYSTEM "../../Tools/tpm.dtd"> +<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:TPM="http://texlive.dante.de/"> + <rdf:Description about="http://texlive.dante.de/texlive/Documentation/lshort-russian.zip"> + <TPM:Name>lshort-russian</TPM:Name> + <TPM:Type>Documentation</TPM:Type> + <TPM:Date>2005/10/30 13:17:34</TPM:Date> + <TPM:Version></TPM:Version> + <TPM:Creator>rahtz</TPM:Creator> + <TPM:Title>Russian introduction to LaTeX.</TPM:Title> + <TPM:Description> +Russian version of A Short +Introduction to LaTeX2e. + </TPM:Description> + <TPM:Author>Boris Tobotras</TPM:Author> + <TPM:Size>3422479</TPM:Size> + <TPM:Build/> + <TPM:RunFiles size="2339">texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-russian.tpm</TPM:RunFiles> + <TPM:DocFiles size="3420140"> +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/CHANGES +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/MANIFEST +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/Makefile +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/README +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/fixdate.pl +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/lshort.dvi +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/lshortru.pdf +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/biblio.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/contrib.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/custom.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/fancyhea.sty +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/fancyvrb.cfg +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/fancyvrb.sty +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/graphic.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/hbaw.sty +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/hcolor.sty +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/lshort.out +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/lshort.sty +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/lshort.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/lssym.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/math.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/mylayout.sty +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/overview.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/spec.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/t-fvrbex.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/things.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/title.tex +texmf-doc/doc/russian/lshort-russian/src/typeset.tex + </TPM:DocFiles> + <TPM:Provides>Documentation/lshort-russian</TPM:Provides> + </rdf:Description> +</rdf:RDF> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-slovak.tpm b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-slovak.tpm new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b443a0ac4c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-slovak.tpm @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF SYSTEM "../../Tools/tpm.dtd"> +<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:TPM="http://texlive.dante.de/"> + <rdf:Description about="http://texlive.dante.de/texlive/Documentation/lshort-slovak.zip"> + <TPM:Name>lshort-slovak</TPM:Name> + <TPM:Type>Documentation</TPM:Type> + <TPM:Date>2005/10/30 13:17:34</TPM:Date> + <TPM:Version></TPM:Version> + <TPM:Creator>rahtz</TPM:Creator> + <TPM:Title> +Slovak translation of &quot;Not so Short Introduction ...&quot; + </TPM:Title> + <TPM:Description> +The source files, PostScript and PDF files of slovak +translation of the "Not so Short Introduction to System +LaTeX 2e" + </TPM:Description> + <TPM:Author>Jan Busa</TPM:Author> + <TPM:Size>903576</TPM:Size> + <TPM:Build/> + <TPM:RunFiles size="1116">texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-slovak.tpm</TPM:RunFiles> + <TPM:DocFiles size="902460"> +texmf-doc/doc/slovak/lshort-slovak/slshorte.pdf +texmf-doc/doc/slovak/lshort-slovak/src.zip + </TPM:DocFiles> + <TPM:Provides>Documentation/lshort-slovak</TPM:Provides> + </rdf:Description> +</rdf:RDF> + diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-spanish.tpm b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-spanish.tpm new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..29e4f3a6008 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-doc/tpm/lshort-spanish.tpm @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF SYSTEM "../../Tools/tpm.dtd"> +<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:TPM="http://texlive.dante.de/"> + <rdf:Description about="http://texlive.dante.de/texlive/Documentation/lshort-spanish.zip"> + <TPM:Name>lshort-spanish</TPM:Name> + <TPM:Type>Documentation</TPM:Type> + <TPM:Date>2005/10/30 13:17:34</TPM:Date> + <TPM:Version></TPM:Version> + 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