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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Background information for new users of Ghostscript</title>
<!-- $Id: New-user.htm,v 1.30.2.14.2.6 2003/05/17 14:39:00 giles Exp $ -->
<!-- Originally: new-user.txt -->
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="gs.css" title="Ghostscript Style">
</head>

<body>
<!-- [1.0 begin visible header] ============================================ -->

<!-- [1.1 begin headline] ================================================== -->

<h1>Background information for new users of Ghostscript</h1>

<!-- [1.1 end headline] ==================================================== -->

<!-- [1.2 begin table of contents] ========================================= -->

<h2>Table of contents</h2>

<ul>
<li><a href="#Overview">An overview of Ghostscript</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Find_Ghostscript">How is Ghostscript licensed?  Where can I find it?</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#GNU_gs">GNU Ghostscript</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#Third-party_libraries">Libraries obtained from other parties</a>
<li><a href="#Support">What if I want support?</a>
<li><a href="#Commercial_use">What about commercial use?</a>
<li><a href="#Platforms">What platforms does Ghostscript run on?</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Third-party_platforms">Ports done by users</a>
</ul>
</ul>
<li><a href="#Related_work">Related work</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Drivers">Drivers</a>
<li><a href="#Previewers">Previewers</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Previewer_X">Previewers for X Windows</a>
<li><a href="#Previewer_DOS-Win">Previewers for DOS and MS Windows</a>
<li><a href="#Previewer_GNULinux">A previewer for GNU/Linux</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#Related_programs">Related programs</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#Need_help">If you need help</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Reporting_problems">Reporting problems</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#Contacting_us">Contacting Ghostscript headquarters</a>
<li><a href="#How_to_help">How you can help improve Ghostscript</a>
<li><a href="#Acknowledgments">Acknowledgements</a>
</ul>

<!-- [1.2 end table of contents] =========================================== -->

<!-- [1.3 begin hint] ====================================================== -->

<p>For other information, see the <a href="Readme.htm">Ghostscript
overview</a>.

<!-- [1.3 end hint] ======================================================== -->

<hr>

<!-- [1.0 end visible header] ============================================== -->

<!-- [2.0 begin contents] ================================================== -->

<h2><a name="Overview"></a>An overview of Ghostscript</h2>

<p>
Ghostscript is the name of a set of software that provides:

<ul>
<li>An interpreter for the <b>PostScript</b><small><sup>TM</sup></small>
language and the Adobe <b>Portable Document Format</b> (<b>PDF</b> --
sometimes confused with Acrobat, Adobe's PDF browser and editor product);

<li>Input modules (utilities) for reading a variety of raster formats,
including <b>CMYK</b>, <b>GIF</b>, <b>JFIF</b> (<b>JPEG</b>), <b>MIFF</b>,
<b>PBM</b>/<b>PGM</b>/<b>PPM</b>, and <b>PCX</b>;

<li>Output modules (drivers) for a wide variety of window systems (including
X Windows and Microsoft Windows), raster file formats, and printers, as well
as a PDF output module that implements functions similar to Adobe's
Acrobat<small><sup>TM</sup></small> Distiller<small><sup>TM</sup></small>
product; and

<li>The Ghostscript library, a set of procedures to implement the graphics
and filtering capabilities that are primitive operations in the PostScript
language and in PDF.
</ul>

<p>
In simple terms, this means that Ghostscript can read a PostScript or PDF
file and display the results on the screen or convert them into a form you
can print on a non-PostScript printer. Especially together with several
popular <a href="#Previewers">previewers</a>, with Ghostscript you can view
or print an entire document or even isolated pages, even if your computer
doesn't have Display PostScript and your printer doesn't handle PostScript
itself.

<h3><a name="Find_Ghostscript"></a>How is Ghostscript licensed?  Where can I find it?</h3>

<p>
Ghostscript is a copyrighted work (artofcode LLC owns the copyright);
it is not shareware or in the public domain.  Different versions of it are
distributed with three different licenses:

<h4><a name="GNU_gs"></a>GNU Ghostscript</h4>

<p>
GNU Ghostscript is distributed under the terms of the GNU <a
href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html">General Public License</a>,
which allows free use, and free copying and redistribution under certain
conditions (including, in some cases, commercial distribution).
You can always get the current version of GNU Ghostscript by Internet FTP
from any of the many GNU distribution sites.  The GNU home ftp site is

<blockquote>
<a href="ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/"
class="offsite">ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/</a>
</blockquote>

<p>
For a more complete list of sites, including sites outside the U.S. and
other ways of obtaining GNU software, contact
the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/">Free Software Foundation</a>
<a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org">&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>.

<p><a name="CTAN"></a>
Versions of Ghostscript are also available from sites in the
Comprehensive TeX Archive Network (CTAN), in a tree based at
/tex-archive/support/ghostscript/, which you can find at these principal
CTAN distribution sites ("participating hosts") as of mid-1998:

<blockquote><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
<tr>	<td><a
href="ftp://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/support/ghostscript/"
class="offsite">ftp://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/support/ghostscript/</a>
	<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;
	<td>Massachusetts, U.S.A.
<tr>	<td><a href="ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/support/ghostscript/"
class="offsite">ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/support/ghostscript/</a>
	<td>&nbsp;
	<td>Deutschland
<tr>	<td><a
href="ftp://ftp.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/support/ghostscript/"
class="offsite">ftp://ftp.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/support/ghostscript/</a>
	<td>&nbsp;
	<td>United Kingdom
</table></blockquote>

<p>
CTAN has more than fifty mirror sites around the world.  For information
about CTAN sites, including how to use them over the World Wide Web, visit
<a href="http://www.ctan.org/" class="offsite">ctan.org</a> or get
the file <b><tt>CTAN.sites</tt></b> from any CTAN server, for
instance

<blockquote>
<a href="ftp://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/CTAN.sites" 
class="offsite">ftp://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/CTAN.sites</a>
</blockquote>

<hr>

<h3><a name="Third-party_libraries"></a>Libraries obtained from other parties</h3>

<p>
The Ghostscript source code distribution, and the Ghostscript executable
code, include libraries obtained from other parties.  All the source files
mentioned in this section are in the Ghostscript and third-party library
source kits.  The documentation of <a href="Make.htm">how to build
Ghostscript</a> tells <a href="Make.htm#Acquiring">where to get these
libraries</a> and <a href="Make.htm#Unpack">how to unpack them</a>.

<blockquote><dl>
<dt>The <a href="http://www.ijg.org/" class="offsite">Independent JPEG
Group</a> (IJG)
library
<dd>The executable versions of Ghostscript are based in part on the work of
the Independent JPEG Group.  For more information, see
<b><tt>jpeg.mak</tt></b> in the main Ghostscript source directory and
<b><tt>README</tt></b> in the libjpeg source directory.

<dt>The <a href="http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/"
class="offsite">Portable Network
Graphics</a> (PNG) library created by Dave Martindale, Guy Eric Schalnat,
Paul Schmidt, and Tim Wegner, of Group 42, Inc.
<dd>For more information, see <b><tt>libpng.mak</tt></b> in the main
Ghostscript source directory, and <b><tt>README</tt></b> and
<b><tt>png.h</tt></b> in the libpng source directory.

<dt>The <a href="http://www.gzip.org/zlib/"
class="offsite">zlib</a> library
created by Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler
<dd>For more information, see <b><tt>zlib.mak</tt></b> in the main
Ghostscript source directory, and <b><tt>README</tt></b> in the
zlib source code.
</dl></blockquote>

<p>
These libraries do not fall under the GPL but come with their own licenses,
which also allow free use and redistribution under appropriate
circumstances and which appear in the files mentioned just above.  These
libraries are entirely original works of their respective authors, and are
provided as is with no warranty and no support.

<hr>

<h3><a name="Support"></a>What if I want support?</h3>

<p>
Neither artofcode LLC nor any organization known to us currently offers
Ghostscript support for end-users -- that is, for people or companies who
just want to use Ghostscript and not redistribute it as part of a product.

<p>
Nothing in the GNU license prevents anyone from providing
support for Ghostscript, either free or commercial.  We would be happy to
include in the Ghostscript documentation the contact information for anyone
who wants to offer such support.

<hr>

<h3><a name="Platforms"></a>What platforms does Ghostscript run on?</h3>

<p>
Ghostscript is written entirely in C, with special care taken to make it
portable to a wide variety of systems. It is actively maintained on many
unix-like operating systems, Microsoft Windows, Apple's MacOS and
OpenVMS and can easily be ported to others. Please see <a
href="Make.htm">Making Ghostscript</a> for details on the build process
and hints for various platforms. 

<hr>

<h2><a name="Related_work"></a>Related work</h2>

<h3><a name="Drivers"></a>Drivers</h3>

<p>
A number of people have created Ghostscript drivers that they prefer to
distribute directly, rather than including them in the Ghostscript
distributions. Please refer to <a
href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/"
class="offsite">www.linuxprinting.org</a> or your favorite search engine
for
relevant examples.

<h3><a name="Previewers"></a>Previewers</h3>

<p>
The Ghostscript user interface is very primitive, so several people have
contributed screen previewers with better user interfaces.

<h4><a name="Previewer_X"></a>Previewers for X Windows</h4>

<dl>
<dt><b><tt>GSPreview</tt></b>
<dd>For information on GSPreview, contact Richard Hesketh
&lt;<a href="mailto:rlh@ukc.ac.uk">rlh@ukc.ac.uk</a>&gt;.
</dl>

<h4><a name="Previewer_DOS-Win"></a>Previewers for DOS and MS Windows</h4>

<dl>
<dt><b><tt>psv</tt></b>
<dd><b><tt>PSV</tt></b>, another keyboard-based PostScript viewing package
for DOS, appears to be redistributable with no restrictions.  It was once
available from

<blockquote>
ftp://puccini.ujf-grenoble.fr/pub/contrib-ps/DOS-PSV/
</blockquote>
</dl>

<h4><a name="Previewer_GNULinux"></a>A previewer for GNU/Linux</h4>

<dl>
<dt><b><tt>BMV</tt></b> <dd>Jan Kybic has created a Ghostscript-based
bitmap previewing program for GNU/Linux called <b><tt>BMV</tt></b>, which
doesn't use X Windows but is based on <b><tt>svgalib</tt></b>.  He says
there is a port of <b><tt>BMV</tt></b> for SCO Unix by William Bader.
<b><tt>BMV</tt></b> is available from

<blockquote>
<a
href="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/graphics/viewers/svga/bmv-1.2.tgz" 
class="offsite">ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/graphics/viewers/svga/bmv-1.2.tgz</a>
</blockquote>
</dl>

<hr>

<h3><a name="Related_programs"></a>Related programs</h3>

<dl>
<dt><b><tt>genscript</tt></b>
<dd><b><tt>genscript</tt></b> is a free replacement for the
<b><tt>enscript</tt></b> program.  <b><tt>genscript</tt></b> converts plain
text files to PostScript and sends the generated PostScript output to the
specified printer or to a file.  <b><tt>genscript</tt></b> can be easily
extended to handle different output media, and it has many options which can
be used to customize printouts, including 2-up printing, pagination, complex
headers, and many more.  You can find the current version at

<blockquote>
<a href="http://www.iki.fi/~mtr/genscript/" 
class="offsite">http://www.iki.fi/~mtr/genscript/</a> (home page)<br>
<a href="ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/" 
class="offsite">ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/enscript/</a>enscript-*.tar.gz
</blockquote>

<dt><b><tt>pstotext</tt></b>
<dd>A good free utility <b><tt>pstotext</tt></b> uses Ghostscript to extract
plain text from PostScript files.  It is much better than the
<b><tt>ps2ascii</tt></b> utility distributed with Ghostscript.  You can read
the <b><tt>pstotext</tt></b> documentation at

<blockquote>
<a
href="http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/virtualpaper/manpages/pstotext.1.html" 
class="offsite">http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/virtualpaper/manpages/pstotext.1.html</a>
</blockquote>

<p>
and download the <b><tt>pstotext</tt></b> kit from

<blockquote>
<a href="http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/virtualpaper/pstotext.html" 
class="offsite">http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/virtualpaper/pstotext.html</a>
</blockquote>

<p>
<b><tt>pstotext</tt></b> is unsupported, but the authors,
Paul McJones
&lt;<a href="mailto:paul.mcjones@acm.org">paul.mcjones@acm.org</a>&gt;
and Andrew Birrell
&lt;<a href="mailto:birrell@pa.dec.com">birrell@pa.dec.com</a>&gt;, are
happy to have your questions and comments either by e-mail or <a href="http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/virtualpaper/comments.html" 
class="offsite">here</a>

<p>
For more information about the authors' Virtual Paper project, which
attempts to make on-line reading of lengthy material (like research
reports, manuals, or entire books) comfortable, read:

<blockquote>
<a href="http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/virtualpaper" 
class="offsite">http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/virtualpaper</a>
</blockquote>

<dt><b><tt>PreScript</tt></b>
<dd>This is another good free utility that uses Ghostscript to extract text
from PostScript or PDF files.  It can also generate very simple HTML,
keeping some of the formatting.  It is unsupported, but is the product of an
active research project.  Its home page is:

<blockquote>
<a href="http://www.nzdl.org/html/prescript.html" 
class="offsite">http://www.nzdl.org/html/prescript.html</a>
</blockquote>

</dl>

<hr>

<h2><a name="Need_help"></a>If you need help</h2>

<p>
The list of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) isn't updated very often, so
it may be somewhat out of date.  It's available from

<blockquote>
<a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/doc/faq.htm" 
class="offsite">http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/doc/faq.htm</a><br>
<a href="ftp://mirror.cs.wisc.edu/pub/mirrors/ghost/faq.htm" 
class="offsite">ftp://mirror.cs.wisc.edu/pub/mirrors/ghost/faq.htm</a>
</blockquote>

<p>
or by AFS from

<blockquote>
/afs/cs.wisc.edu/p/mirror/pub/mirrors/ghost/faq.htm
</blockquote>

<p>
CompuServe announced in December 1995 that the Graphics Support Forum offers
Message Section and Library 21, "Ghostscript", for technical assistance with
Ghostscript.  Ghostscript is available for downloading in Library 21,
"Ghostscript." To access the Graphics Support Forum, <b><tt>GO
GRAPHSUP</tt></b>.  This service has no connection with the main Ghostscript
developers.

<p>
If you have problems with Ghostscript and you have access to the
Internet, we suggest to post your question to one of these Usenet
newsgroups:

<dl>
<dt><b><tt><a href="news:gnu.ghostscript.bug">gnu.ghostscript.bug</a></tt></b>
<dd>if your question is about <b>GNU Ghostscript</b>.  If you have access to Internet mail, but not Usenet news,
write to <b><tt>bug-ghostscript@gnu.org</tt></b>, which is equivalent to
posting to that newsgroup.

<dt><b><tt><a href="news:comp.lang.postscript">comp.lang.postscript</a></tt></b>
<dd>if you have a general question about Ghostscript. Note
however that this newsgroup was not intended for Ghostscript
discussion <em>per se</em>.
</dl>

<p>
There are hundreds of Ghostscript user sites all over the world, and another
user will often be able to help you.  If you have trouble with a specific
device driver, look at <b><tt>devs.mak</tt></b> and
<b><tt>contrib.mak</tt></b> in the Ghostscript source directory to see in
which file the driver is defined.  If it's defined in
<b><tt>contrib.mak</tt></b>, the list of contributed drivers, please contact
the author directly: the maintainers of Ghostscript can't help you with
user-maintained drivers.

<h3><a name="Reporting_problems"></a>Reporting problems</h3>

<p>
Please read <a href="Bug-info.htm">Bug-info.htm</a> for information about
reporting problems.

<hr>

<h2><a name="Contacting_us"></a>Contacting Ghostscript headquarters</h2>

<p>
As of mid-September 2000, artofcode LLC is responsible for the future
development of Ghostscript.  Please do not contact us if all you want is
help with Ghostscript!  Ghostscript is
free, but our time is not.  If you call for help, we will tell you politely
that we cannot answer your question.  Ghostscript's documentation, while not
of commercial end-user quality, has been adequate for thousands of users
(for many of whom English is a foreign language), so the answer to your
question is very likely in it somewhere. <!-- ouch -->

<p>
Here is our contact information:

<blockquote><address>
Raph Levien<br>
artofcode LLC<br>
940 Tyler St. Studio 6<br>
Benicia, CA 94510<br>
tel/fax +1 707 746 6398<br>
<a href="mailto:raph@artofcode.com">raph@artofcode.com</a>
</address></blockquote>

<h3>Aladdin Enterprises</h3>

<p>
Aladdin Enterprises, the original authors of Ghostscript, is no
longer responsible for Ghostscript, but may be available for small
contract projects.  Here is their contact information:

<blockquote><address>
Aladdin Enterprises<br>
203 Santa Margarita Avenue<br>
Menlo Park, CA 94025 U.S.A.<br>
+1-650-322-1734 fax<br>
<a href="mailto:ghost@aladdin.com">ghost@aladdin.com</a><br>
<a href="http://www.ghostscript.com/"
class="offsite">http://www.ghostscript.com/</a>
</address></blockquote>

<p>
If you want help with Ghostscript, or want to report a problem, please do
not contact us.  We will not be able to help you.

<hr>

<h2><a name="How_to_help"></a>How you can help improve Ghostscript</h2>

<p>
The most valuable thing you can do to help improve Ghostscript is to help
test it.  We make three different grades of release available, each of
which needs a different kind of testing.

<ul>
<li><em>Stable</em> releases are made available about every 9 months, after
a beta test period.  Reporting problems as described <a
href="#Reporting_problems">above</a> often results in a fix being posted on
our Web site.
</ul>

<ul>
<li><em>Beta</em> releases are posted starting about 6 weeks before a
planned public release.  These are candidates for public release, and need
intensive testing.
</ul>

<ul>
<li><em>Development</em> releases are posted every few weeks.  These are not
supposed to be good enough for general use, but testing them is still very
helpful, since it gets problems corrected before the intensive beta test
period.
</ul>

<p>
You can always find the current public release and the current beta or
tester release on our <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/">Web
site</a>.  If you would like to be notified when new beta or tester releases
are posted, please <a href="#Contacting_us">contact us</a>.

<p>
There are also some useful projects that we don't have enough resources to
work on, and with which we would appreciate help.  See <a
href="Projects.htm">this list</a> for details.

<hr>

<h2><a name="Acknowledgments"></a>Acknowledgements</h2>

<p>
Ghostscript was originally created, and through the year 2000 was primarily
developed and maintained, by L. Peter Deutsch, President of Aladdin
Enterprises (not to be confused with Peter J. Deutsch, founder of Bunyip
Information Systems Inc.).

<p>
Special thanks are due to Russell Lang, for the
<b><tt>GSview for Windows</tt></b> and
<b><tt>PM GSview</tt></b> programs, and for contributing most of the code for
the Microsoft Windows and OS/2 environments; to Tim Theisen, for the
<b><tt>Ghostview</tt></b> program for X Windows and for major contributions
to, and assistance with support of, the code for the X Windows
environment; to Martin Fong and Mark Lentczner, for the first Macintosh
ports; to Pete Kaiser
&lt;<a href="mailto:kaiser@acm.org">kaiser@acm.org</a>&gt;, for redoing all
of the documentation in HTML;
and to the <a href="http://www.ijg.org/">Independent
JPEG Group</a>, to Group 42, Inc., and to Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler,
for creating the freely available libraries that Ghostscript uses.

<p>
Special thanks are due to URW++ Design and Development Incorporated, of
Hamburg, Germany (<a href="http://www.urwpp.de/">http://www.urwpp.de/</a>)
for making a commercial-quality set of the 35 standard PostScript Type 1
fonts available for free distribution under the GNU and Aladdin licenses,
and for updating them to include Adobe's expanded PostScript 3 character
set.

<p>
Special thanks are due to Richard Stallman and the
<a href="http://www.gnu.org/" class="offsite">Free Software
Foundation</a> for originating
the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" class="offsite">GNU
General Public
License</a>, for originally motivating Aladdin's interest in creating free
software, and for being the primary distributor of GNU Ghostscript on the
Internet.

<p>
See also the <a href="Helpers.htm">list of the many other people</a> who have
contributed significantly to improving Ghostscript.

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<p>
<small>Copyright &copy; 1996-2002 artofcode LLC.  All rights
reserved.</small>

<p>
This software is provided AS-IS with no warranty, either express or
implied.

This software is distributed under license and may not be copied,
modified or distributed except as expressly authorized under the terms
of the license contained in the file LICENSE in this distribution.

<p>
<small>Ghostscript version 7.07, 17 May 2003

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