Master/texmf-doc/doc/english/FAQ-en/html/FAQ-ouparmd.html


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<head>
<title>UK TeX FAQ -- question label ouparmd</title>
</head><body>
<h3>Not in outer par mode</h3>
<p>The error:
<blockquote>
<pre>
! LaTeX Error: Not in outer par mode.
</pre>
</blockquote><p>
comes when some &ldquo;main&rdquo; document feature is shut up somewhere it
doesn&rsquo;t like.
<p>The commonest occurrence is when the user wants a figure somewhere
inside a table:
<blockquote>
<pre>
\begin{tabular}{|l|}
  \hline
  \begin{figure}
  \includegraphics{foo}
  \end{figure}
  \hline
\end{tabular}
</pre>
</blockquote><p>
a construction that was supposed to put a frame around the diagram,
but doesn&rsquo;t work, any more than:
<blockquote>
<pre>
\framebox{\begin{figure}
  \includegraphics{foo}
  \end{figure}%
}
</pre>
</blockquote><p>
The problem is, that the <code>tabular</code> environment, and the
<code>\</code><code>framebox</code> command restrain the <code>figure</code> environment
from its natural m&eacute;tier, which is to float around the document.
<p>The solution is simply not to use the <code>figure</code> environment
here:
<blockquote>
<pre>
\begin{tabular}{|l|}
  \hline
  \includegraphics{foo}
  \hline
\end{tabular}
</pre>
</blockquote><p>
What was the float for? &mdash; as written in the first two examples, it
serves no useful purpose; but perhaps you actually wanted a diagram
and its caption framed, in a float.
<p>It&rsquo;s simple to achieve this &mdash; just reverse the order of the
environments (or of the <code>figure</code> environment and the
command):
<blockquote>
<pre>
\begin{figure}
  \begin{tabular}{|l|}
    \hline
    \includegraphics{foo}
    \caption{A foo}
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
\end{figure}
</pre>
</blockquote><p>
The same goes for <code>table</code> environments (or any other sort
of float you&rsquo;ve defined for yourself) inside tabulars or box commands;
you <em>must</em> get the float environment out from inside, one way or
another.
<p><p>This question on the Web: <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=ouparmd">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=ouparmd</a>
</body>