path: root/Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/footbib/footbib.dtx

% \iffalse
%%
%% File: footbib.dtx Copyright (C) 1997-2010 Eric Domenjoud
%%
%% Eric Domenjoud,
%% LORIA/CNRS
%% E-mail: Eric.Domenjoud@loria.fr
%%
% This program may be distributed and/or modified under the
% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.2
% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
% The latest version of this license is in
%   http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
% and version 1.2 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX 
% version 1999/12/01 or later.
%
% This program consists of the files footbib.dtx and footbib.ins

\def\fileversion{2.0.7}
\def\filedate{2007/02/20}
%<*driver>
%%
%%  To produce the documentation, do the following:
%%
%%    latex footbib.dtx
%%    latex footbib.dtx
%%    makeindex -s gind.ist footbib.idx -o footbib.ind
%%    makeindex -s gglo.ist footbib.glo -o footbib.gls
%%    latex footbib.dtx
%%
%%  In case makeindex does not find the style files gind.ist and gglo.ist,
%%  either set the environment variable INDEXSTYLE to the path where these
%%  files reside or use the full path in the commands above. 
%%
\documentclass{ltxdoc}
%\DisableCrossrefs % uncomment when index is ready
\CodelineIndex
\RecordChanges
%\OnlyDescription   % comment out for implementation details
%\OldMakeindex     % use if your MakeIndex is pre-v2.9

\title{The \textsf{footbib} package\thanks{This file has version
       number \fileversion, last revised \filedate.}}
\author{Eric Domenjoud\\Eric.Domenjoud@loria.fr}
\date{\filedate}

\hfuzz=20pt
\begin{document}
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%
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% \newcommand\SpecialNonMacroIndex[2]{^^A
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% \newenvironment{NonMacro}[1]{\let\fb@tmp\SpecialMainEnvIndex
%   \def\SpecialMainEnvIndex{\SpecialMainNonMacroIndex{#1}}^^A
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% \newcommand\newNonMacro[1]{\@newnonmacro#1\@nil}
% \def\@newnonmacro#1#2\@nil{\uppercase{\@@newnonmacro{#1}}{#1}{#2}}
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% \newcommand\Index[2]{^^A
%     \SortIndex{#1 #2}{#1 #2\encapchar usage}^^A
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% \newcommand*\EndVerbChar{/}
% \begingroup
% \catcode`^=\active
% \gdef\IndexSetup{\catcode\expandafter`\EndVerbChar=\active\begingroup
%   \lccode`^=\expandafter`\verbatimchar\lccode`~=\expandafter`\EndVerbChar
%   \lowercase{\endgroup\def~{^\verbmeta}\def\verbmeta##1{\meta{##1}\verb*^}}}
% \endgroup
% \newcommand*\VerbSetup[1]{\begingroup\lccode`\~=\expandafter`\EndVerbChar
%   \lowercase{\let~\meta#1}\endgroup}
% \newcommand\Fb@Index[2]{\addvspace{-\lastskip}\VerbSetup{#1{#2}}^^A
%   \vskip-\MacrocodeTopsep\leavevmode}
% \newcommand\FbIndex{\Fb@Index\SpecialIndex}
% \newcommand\FbMainIndex{\Fb@Index\SpecialMainIndex}
% \newenvironment{FbPatch}[1]
%   {\vskip-\MacrocodeTopsep$\setbox\z@\hbox{$\braceld\m@th$}^^A
%    \braceld\leaders\vrule \@height\ht\z@ \@depth\z@\hfill
%    \lower.5ex\hbox{\kern1em{\tt footbib} #1\kern1em}^^A
%    \leaders\vrule\@height\ht\z@\@depth\z@\hfill\bracerd\m@th$^^A
%    \nobreak\vskip-\MacrocodeTopsep\nobreak}
%   {\nobreak\vskip-\MacrocodeTopsep$\setbox\z@\hbox{$\braceld\m@th$}^^A
%    \bracelu\leaders\vrule\@height\ht\z@\@depth\z@\hfill\braceru\m@th$^^A
%    \nobreak\vskip-\MacrocodeTopsep}
%\makeatother
%
% \newcommand\LATEX{({\let\TeX\relax\LaTeX})\TeX}
% \maketitle
% \setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
% \tableofcontents
%
% \section{General overview}
%
%   This package makes bibliographic references appear
% as footnotes. It defines a command |\footcite| which is similar to
% the |\cite| command of \LaTeX\ but the references cited in this way
% are inserted at the bottom of the pages. This \emph{foot
% bibliography} does not conflict with the standard one and both may
% exist simultaneously in a document. The command |\cite| may still be
% used to produce the standard bibliography. 
% 
%   The foot bibliography uses its own style and bibliographic
% database which are specified independently of the standard ones.
% Any standard bibliography style may be used. If the style does not provide
% explicit labels (e.g.~|plain|), the references are numbered.
% The default is to number the references in the order in which they
% appear in the |thebibliography| environment. This may be overridden through
% options which allow the user to define a \emph{numbering
% unit}\Index{numbering}{unit}. Then
% the references will be numbered in the order in which they are
% cited in the unit and the numbering restarts from 1 in each unit.
% The numbering unit may be a page, a double page, a chapter, a part or
% the whole document. Chapter and part may be used only if they are
% defined by the document class. 
%
%   The user may also define a \emph{citation unit}\Index{citation}{unit}
% which may be a page, a double page, a chapter, a part or the whole
% document. The text of a reference will be inserted only once in 
% each citation unit, on the page where the first citation occurs in
% the unit. 
%
% The mechanism used to put a reference only once in each citation
% unit may require several runs of \LaTeX\ (usually at least two) before the 
% references find their exact place. If necessary, \LaTeX\ will issue, near
% the end of the document, a warning saying 
% \begin{center}
%   |Package footbib Warning: Bibliography not yet stable. Rerun LaTeX.|
% \end{center}
%
%   Using |footbib| in a document \meta{doc}|.tex| produces a file
% \meta{doc}|.fb.aux|. One must pass the argument \meta{doc}|.fb| to \BibTeX\ 
% to produce the bibliography which will be put in the file
% \meta{doc}|.fb.bbl|. The exact sequence of commands is
% \begin{trivlist}\leftskip=\leftmargini\parindent=0pt\item[]
%   |latex|~\meta{doc}\\
%   |bibtex|~\meta{doc}|.fb|\\
%   |latex|~\meta{doc}\\
%   |latex|~\meta{doc}\\
%   \dots
% \end{trivlist}
%
% \begin{description}
% \item[Note:] The name \meta{doc}|.fb.aux| might cause some
%      problem on systems which do not allow a double extension in
%      a file name or put a limit on the length of file names.
%      A user command is provided to change it (see section~\ref{sec:custom}).
% \end{description}
%
% At the beginning of the document, |footbib| inputs the bibliography
% from the file \meta{doc}|.fb.bbl| (or the name given by the
% user). If one wants to include the |thebibliography|
% environment\SpecialEnvIndex{thebibliography} in the main document,
% this may be done with a |filecontents|
% environment\SpecialEnvIndex{filecontents} before the
% |\documentclass| command. See the \LaTeXe\ documentation for more
% details about this environment.
%
% \section{User interface}
%
% \subsection{Package options}
%
% \subsubsection{\texttt{oneside}/\texttt{twoside}}
%          \DescribeOption{oneside}^^A
%          \DescribeOption{twoside}^^A
%          The |oneside| and |twoside| options affect the behaviour
%          of |footbib| when either unit (citation or numbering) is
%          the page. In |oneside| mode, the actual unit is a single
%          page while in |twoside| mode, the unit is a double page. These
%          options may be used to override a global |oneside| or
%          |twoside| option.
%
% \subsubsection{\texttt{citeonce}{\normalfont[\texttt*]}}
%          \DescribeOption{citeonce}^^A
%          \DescribeOption{citeonce*}^^A
%          The |citeonce| option overrides the default \emph{citation
%          unit}\Index{citation}{unit}. |footbib| puts the text of a
%          reference only once in each citation unit which may be a
%          (double) page, a chapter, a part or the whole document. The
%          default citation unit is the page in |oneside| mode and the
%          double page in |twoside| mode. The new citation unit (|chapter|,
%          |part| or |document|) is given as an optional argument
%          between parentheses (|citeonce(chapter)|, |citeonce(part)|
%          or |citeonce(document)|). If no argument is supplied,
%          |document| is assumed. The argument |chapter| (resp.~|part|) 
%          may be used only if the document class defines |\chapter|
%          (resp.~|\part|). The argument |page| may also be used but has a
%          somehow special meaning. It defines a
%          citation unit which is not overridden by another |citeonce| option
%          but instead has a cumulative effect. For instance if one says 
%\begin{verbatim}
%    \usepackage[twoside,citeonce(page),citeonce(chapter)]{footbib}
%\end{verbatim}
%          then each double page and also each |\chapter| command starts a new
%          citation unit. This may be useful if one wants a chapter to 
%          start a new unit even if it starts on a right page.
%          It is only meaningful in |twoside| mode in conjunction with
%          another |citeonce| option. In all other cases, it has no effect.
%
%          The |citeonce| option has a star form |citeonce*| with the same
%          optional argument. When the star form is used, for each subsequent
%          citation of a reference in the same citation unit but on another
%          (double) page, the text of the reference is not omitted but
%          replaced with a cross reference to the first citation in the
%          same citation unit. The |page| argument is not available since it
%          would have no effect.
%
% \subsubsection{\texttt{firstcite}}
%          \DescribeOption{firstcite}^^A
%          The |firstcite| option affects the way the references are
%          labelled. When the bibliography style does not provide
%          explicit labels, the references are numbered. The default
%          is to assign to each reference a \emph{static}
%          label\Index{static}{label}
%          which is its order in the |thebibliography| environment.
%          The label is then the same for all citations of a
%          given reference. The |firstcite| option causes the
%          references to be numbered dynamically\Index{dynamic}{label}
%          according to the order of their first citations. |firstcite|
%          takes an optional argument between parentheses
%          |firstcite(|\meta{unit}|)| which defines the
%          \emph{numbering unit}\Index{numbering}{unit}.
%          The numbering restarts then from 1 in each numbering unit.
%          The argument \meta{unit} may take the value |page|,
%          |chapter|, |part| 
%          or |document|. If |page| is used, then the numbering
%          unit is a page in |oneside| mode and a double page in
%          |twoside| mode. If no argument is supplied, |document| is
%          assumed. 
%
%          The effect of several |firstcite| options is cumulative in
%          the sense that if one says for instance
%\begin{verbatim}
%    \usepackage[twoside,firstcite(page),firstcite(chapter)]{footbib}
%\end{verbatim}
%          \noindent then each double page \emph{and} each |\chapter| command
%          starts a new numbering unit. This means that a |\chapter|
%          command starts a new numbering unit even if it is on a right page.
%
%          If the bibliography style provides explicit 
%          labels, the |firstcite| option has no effect.
%
% \subsubsection{{\normalfont\texttt{crossrefs}[\texttt*]} and
%                \texttt{nocrossrefs}} 
%          \DescribeOption{crossrefs}^^A
%          \DescribeOption{crossrefs*}^^A
%          \DescribeOption{nocrossrefs}^^A
%          When an entry in the bibliographic database contains a
%          |CROSSREF| field, \BibTeX\ includes the cross-referenced
%          entry in the bibliography and puts a |\cite|
%          command in the entry where the |CROSSREF| field occurs.
%          If no standard bibliography is produced, \LaTeX\ 
%          will complain about an undefined reference. 
%          One may generally inhibit this behaviour of \BibTeX\ by
%          invoking it with the |-min-crossrefs=|\meta{number}
%          option which tells how many times an entry must
%          be cross-referenced before it is included in the
%          bibliography and replaced with a |\cite|
%          command. Setting \meta{number} to a large value will
%          generally inhibit the cross-referencing mechanism.
%          However, this option has no effect if the 
%          cross-referenced entry is explicitely cited in the
%          document. 
%
%          The |crossrefs| option of |footbib| solves this problem by
%          replacing each |\cite| command in a foot reference with
%          |\footcite| (see the description of this command below).
%          The star form |crossrefs*| replaces the 
%          |\cite| command with a |\footcite*|, which means that
%          the text of the reference is not inserted. It is then the
%          responsibility of the user to insert the text in the right
%          place with a |\footnocite| command. Of course, standard
%          citation through |\cite| is not possible anymore in a foot
%          reference when either form of this option is used. 
%
%          A |nocrossrefs| option is also provided to inhibit this
%          behaviour in case it is not wanted but |crossrefs| occurs
%          in the global options.
%
% \subsubsection{{\normalfont\texttt{split}} and \texttt{nosplit}}
%          \DescribeOption{split}^^A
%          \DescribeOption{nosplit}^^A
%          The |nosplit| option tells |footbib| not to split the references
%          across pages. The |split| option allows references to be
%          split. |split| is the default and exists only to allow the
%          user to override a global |nosplit| option.
%
% \subsection{Commands to generate the foot bibliography}
% \begin{list}{}{\leftmargin=0pt \labelsep=0pt}
% \item[]  \DescribeMacro{\footbibliography}
%          |\footbibliography{|\meta{file}|,|\meta{file}|,|\dots|}|\\
%          Defines the list of bibliographic databases for the foot
%          bibliography. This command has the same syntax as the
%          |\bibliography| command of \LaTeX. 
% \item[]  \DescribeMacro{\footbibliographystyle}\leavevmode\noindent
%          |\footbibliographystyle{|\meta{style}|}|\\
%          Defines the style of the foot bibliography. This command has
%          the same syntax as
%          the |\bibliographystyle| command of \LaTeX.
% \item[]  \DescribeMacro{\footcite}\noindent
%          |\footcite{|\meta{key}|,|\meta{key}|,|\dots|}|\\
%          Puts the list of labels in the text and the text of the
%          references at the bottom of the page. The text of each
%          reference is inserted at most once in a citation unit,
%          even if it is cited several times. 
% \item[]  \DescribeMacro{\footcite*}\noindent
%          |\footcite*{|\meta{key}|,|\meta{key}|,|\dots|}|\\ 
%          Puts the list of labels in the text but does not put the
%          reference at the bottom of the page.
% \item[]  \DescribeMacro{\footnocite}\noindent
%          |\footnocite{|\meta{key}|,|\meta{key}|,|\dots|}|\\
%          Puts the reference at the bottom of the page but puts
%          nothing in the text.
% \end{list}
% \begin{description}
% \item[Note:] The main purpose of the commands |\footcite*| and
%        |\footnocite| is to solve the problem of a 
%        |\footcite| occuring inside an environment where the
%        reference will be lost (for instance in a |minipage| or
%        |tabular| environment, in a |\mbox|, etc.). In this case,
%        if the reference is not cited otherwise on the same page, it
%        won't show up at the bottom of the page. It suffices to add
%        a |\footnocite| command just before or after this environment.
%        The command |\footcite{|\meta{key}|}| is more or less (but
%        not completely) equivalent to
%        |\footcite*{|\meta{key}|}\footnocite{|\meta{key}|}|.
% \end{description}
%
% \subsection{Customisation}\label{sec:custom}
%
% \begin{list}{}{\leftmargin=0pt \labelsep=0pt}
% \item[]  \DescribeMacro{\footbibliographyname}
%          The basename of the |.aux| and |.bbl| files used for the
%          foot bibliography may be redefined by
%
%          \qquad |\footbibliographyname{|\meta{name}|}|
%
%           The default value is
%          |\jobname.fb|\footnote{\texttt{\string\jobname} is a
%          primitive \TeX\ command which holds the name of the main
%          document.} which causes |footbib| to read the bibliography
%          from 
%          |\jobname.fb.bbl| and  to use |\jobname.fb.aux| as an
%          auxiliary file. This command may be used only in the preamble.
%          The name supplied to |\footbibliographyname| must be
%          different from the name of the main document.
% \item[]  \DescribeMacro{\footcitelabel}^^A
%          \DescribeMacro{\putfootcitelabel}^^A
%          \DescribeMacro{\footcitelistformat}^^A
%          The list of citations in the text may not be typeset in
%          one step as done by the |\cite| command of \LaTeX. 
%          The reason is that the command which creates the text of
%          the reference must be inserted after each citation.
%          The way \LATEX\ handles insertions makes 
%          them vanish if they occur in a box. Hence if the command
%          which formats the list of citations puts them in a box,
%          the text is lost and the references do not show up at the
%          bottom of the page. All references could be inserted at
%          once, either before or after the list of citations but if
%          this list gets split across pages, the text of some
%          references could show up on the wrong page. Hence 
%          the list is created one piece at a time and the text of
%          the corresponding reference is inserted after each
%          citation. The list of citation is created as follows: 
% \begin{tabbing}
% \qquad\=1)~\=start of list\\
%     \>2)\>for each citation:\\
%     \>\>a)~if it is not the first one, separator of citations\\
%     \>\>b)~label of the reference, to which |\footcitelabel| is applied\\
%     \>\>c)~insertion of the text of the reference\\
%     \>3)\>end of list
% \end{tabbing}
% The separator of citations is made of two parts: \meta{sep$_1$} and
% \meta{sep$_2$}. 
% The command |\putfootcitelabel| is applied to each component of the
% list, excepted \meta{sep$_2$} which is put as such.
% Typically, \meta{sep$_2$} is a separator which may disappear at a line
% break, like a penalty or some spacing. That's why
% |\putfootcitelabel| is not applied to it so that it won't be put
% in a box. The effect is as follows:
% \begin{trivlist}\leftskip=\leftmargini\parindent=0pt\item[]
%   |\putfootcitelabel{|\meta{start of list}|}|\\
%   |\putfootcitelabel{\footcitelabel{|\meta{label $1$}|}}|\\
%   \meta{insertion of the text of reference $1$}\\
%   |\putfootcitelabel{|\meta{sep$_1$}|}|\\
%   \meta{sep$_2$}\\
%   |\putfootcitelabel{\footcitelabel{|label $2$|}}|\\
%   \meta{insertion of the text of reference $2$}\\
%   |\putfootcitelabel{|\meta{sep$_1$}|}|\\
%   \meta{sep$_2$}\\
%   \null\quad\vdots\\
%   |\putfootcitelabel{\footcitelabel{|label $n$|}}|\\
%   \meta{insertion of the text of reference $n$}\\
%   |\putfootcitelabel{|\meta{end of list}|}|
% \end{trivlist}
%
% Each component of the list may be redefined as follows:
% \begin{trivlist}\leftskip=\leftmargini\parindent=0pt\item[]
% |\renewcommand*\footcitelabel[1]{|\dots|}|\\
% |\renewcommand*\putfootcitelabel[1]{|\dots|}|\\
% |\footcitelistformat|\meta{start of list}\meta{sep$_1$}^^A
%     \meta{sep$_2$}\meta{end of list}
% \end{trivlist}
% \end{list}
% Here are some examples of the variations allowed by this mechanism.
% \begin{description}\topsep=0pt
% \item[example 1:]list of citations \emph{a la \LaTeX}: [label $1$,
%       label $2$, \dots]
%\begin{verbatim*}
%\renewcommand*\footcitelabel[1]{#1}
%\renewcommand*\putfootcitelabel[1]{#1}
%\footcitelistformat[,{\penalty1000\ }]
%\end{verbatim*}
% \item[example 2:]ditto but the list may not be cut\par
%     \leavevmode\quad\vdots
%\begin{verbatim*}
%\footcitelistformat[,{\nobreak\ }]
%\end{verbatim*}
% \item[example 3:] the list is raised and the labels are
%       separated only by commas, without any space: 
%     \textsuperscript{\normalfont[label $1$,label $2$,\dots]}
%\begin{verbatim*}
%\renewcommand*\footcitelabel[1]{#1}
%\renewcommand*\putfootcitelabel[1]{\textsuperscript{\normalfont#1}}
%\footcitelistformat[,{\penalty1000\relax}]
%\end{verbatim*}
% \item[example 4:] ditto, but no brackets around the list of labels:
%     \textsuperscript{\normalfont label $1$,label $2$,\dots}\par
%     \leavevmode\quad\vdots
%\begin{verbatim*}
%\footcitelistformat{},{\penalty1000\relax}{}
%\end{verbatim*}
% \item[example 5:] [label $1$], [label $2$], \dots
%\begin{verbatim*}
%\renewcommand*\footcitelabel[1]{[#1]}
%\renewcommand*\putfootcitelabel[1]{#1}
%\footcitelistformat{},{\penalty1000\ }{}
%\end{verbatim*}
% \end{description}
% The default definitions are the ones of example 3 above.
%
% \begin{list}{}{\leftmargin=0pt\labelsep=0pt}
% \item[] \DescribeMacro{\footbibskip}^^A
%         \DescribeMacro{\footbibrule}^^A
%          The foot bibliography is
%          separated from the rest of the page by a vertical skip of
%          length |\footbibskip| in which a horizontal line is
%          drawn by the command |\footbibrule|. The height of the
%          skip and the horizontal 
%          line may be redefined in the preamble by\par\medskip
%            {\leftskip=\leftmargini\parskip=0pt
%            |\setlength\footbibskip{|\dots|}|\par
%            |\renewcommand\footbibrule{|\dots|}|\par}
%          \textbf{CAUTION}~~|\footbibrule| must take zero vertical space.
% \item[]  \DescribeMacro{\footreflabel}^^A
%          The label of the reference is formated by the macro
%          |\footreflabel| which takes the label as argument. It 
%          may be redefined by |\renewcommand*\footreflabel[1]{|\ldots|}|.
% \item[]  \DescribeMacro{\footrefstyle}
%          The label and the text of the reference at the bottom of
%          the page are typeset in the style defined by the command
%          |\footrefstyle| which may be redefined in the preamble by
%          |\renewcommad\footrefstyle{|\dots|}|. The default definition
%          is |\normalfont\footnotesize|.
% \item[]  \DescribeMacro{\footxref}^^A
%          The options |citeonce*(|\meta{unit}|)|\SpecialOptionIndex{citeonce*}
%          tells |footbib| to replace the text of each reference but the first
%          in each citation unit with a cross-reference to the last place where
%          the full text of the reference appeared. The text of the
%          cross-reference is generated by the command |\footxref| which takes
%          two arguments: (1)~the label and (2)~the page of the last full
%          citation. |\footxref| may be redefined in the preamble by
%
%          \qquad |\renewcommand*\footxref[2]{|\dots|}|.
%
% \end{list}
%
% \section{Known and potential problems}
%
% \begin{list}{$\bullet$}{\settowidth\leftmargin{$\bullet$\hskip\labelsep}}
% \item At present, the convergence is not proved. There is no guarantee
%   that the references eventually find their place. However,
%   |footbib| was used in large documents (several
%   hundreds pages) and such a problem never occured. 
%
% \item The foot bibliography is not sorted. The references appear at the
%   bottom of the page in the order in which they are cited on the page.
%
% \item A |\footcite| command may not appear in a floating environment
%   like |figure| or |table|.
%
% \item If a float is inserted at the bottom of the page, the foot
%   bibliography is put \emph{above} it, like footnotes.
%
% \item The result is not very nice in |twocolumn| mode.
%   The references should be balanced between the two columns of the
%   page (if there are two) or put in the right column like the
%   package |ftnright|\SpecialPackageIndex{ftnright} of Frank
%   Mittelbach does for footnotes.  
%
% \item |footbib| does not work with most packages which 
%   modify the output routine of \LaTeX:
%   |multicol|\SpecialPackageIndex{multicol},
%   |ftnright|\SpecialPackageIndex{ftnright},
%   |floatflt|\SpecialPackageIndex{floatflt},
%   |wrapfig|\SpecialPackageIndex{wrapfig}, etc. 
%
% \item The references must not contain any
%   |verbatim|\SpecialEnvIndex{verbatim} environment. But 
%   |\verb|\SpecialUsageIndex{\verb} is allowed since it is sometime used
%   to typeset filenames, \textsc{url}'s, etc.
%
% \item The braces must be balanced in the references, excepted the ones
%   that might occur inside the argument of a |\verb|
%   command\SpecialUsageIndex{\verb}. This implies that a reference 
%   may not contain say |\hbox\bgroup|\dots|}| which is otherwise correct
%   in \LATEX.
%
% \item When references are numbered, the space between the label and
%   the reference itself may be too large because the
%   longest label is determined from the argument of
%   |\begin{thebibliography}{|\meta{longest label}|}| and its length
%   is used for all references. If all references on a page
%   have small numbers and the bibliography contains many references
%   (say more than 100),
%   this length is not reliable. The longest label should be deduced
%   from the maximal number of references on a page,
%   but this may not be known at the beginning of the document, at
%   least at the first run. At the second run, the
%   information could be deduces from what was written into the |.aux| file,
%   provided 
%   the |\nofiles| command was not used (otherwise, the |.aux| file
%   was not written). When per page numbering is used (option
%   |firstcite(page)|), the longest label could also be simply initialised
%   to |99| which is not too large and should be enough.
% \end{list}
%
% \StopEventually{\IndexSetup\PrintIndex\PrintChanges}
%
% \section{Implementation}
%
% \subsection{Identification}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*package>
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesPackage{footbib}[\filedate\space v\fileversion\space(E.Domenjoud)]
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Initial setup}
%
% Some badly behaved packages (written for \LaTeX\kern.15em2.09) change the
% catcodes before the 
% beginning of the document and make some commands like |\@for|
% unusable. The catcodes needed in the definitions are set here and
% restored at the end of the package. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\@makeother\`
\edef\@tempa{\catcode\string`\string`\string=\the\catcode\string``\relax}
\def\@tempb#1{\catcode`\noexpand#1\string=\the\catcode`#1\relax}
\edef\@tempa{\@tempa
  \@tempb\:\@tempb\?\@tempb\=\@tempb\<\@tempb\>\@tempb\+\@tempb\-%
  \@tempb\.\@tempb\'\@tempb\~}
\expandafter\AtEndOfPackage\expandafter{\@tempa}
\@makeother\: \@makeother\? \@makeother\= \@makeother\< \@makeother\> 
\@makeother\+ \@makeother\- \@makeother\. \@makeother\' 
\catcode`\~=\active
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Test of the output routine}
%
% If the \LaTeXe\ format is more recent than the package, we test
% whether the output routine changed. If so, a warning is issued
% because the user might get unexpected results. The package should
% work with all previous versions of \LaTeXe.
%
% When |docstrip| is used to extract the package, this code is included only
% if the `|checkoutput|' flag is used in addition to `|package|'.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*checkoutput>
\@ifpackagelater{footbib}\fmtversion\@tempswafalse\@tempswatrue
\if@tempswa
\def\@tempa#1#2{\def\@tempb{#2}\ifx#1\@tempb\else\@tempswatrue\fi}
\@tempswafalse
\@tempa\@specialoutput{\ifnum\outputpenalty>-\@Mii\@doclearpage\else
  \ifnum\outputpenalty<-\@Miii\ifnum\outputpenalty<-\@MM\deadcycles\z@
  \fi\global\setbox\@holdpg\vbox{\unvbox\@cclv}\else\global\setbox
  \@holdpg\vbox{\unvbox\@holdpg\unvbox\@cclv\setbox\@tempboxa\lastbox
  \unskip}\@pagedp\dp\@holdpg\@pageht\ht\@holdpg\unvbox\@holdpg\@next
  \@currbox\@currlist{\ifnum\count\@currbox>\z@\advance\@pageht\@pagedp
  \ifvoid\footins\else\advance\@pageht\ht\footins\advance\@pageht\skip
  \footins\advance\@pageht\dp\footins\fi\ifvbox\@kludgeins\ifdim\wd
  \@kludgeins=\z@\advance\@pageht\ht\@kludgeins\fi\fi\@reinserts
  \@addtocurcol\else\@reinserts\@addmarginpar\fi}\@latexbug\ifnum
  \outputpenalty<\z@\if@nobreak\nobreak\else\addpenalty\interlinepenalty
  \fi\fi\fi\fi}
\@tempa\@doclearpage{\ifvoid\footins\ifvbox\@kludgeins{\setbox\@tempboxa
  \box\@kludgeins}\fi\setbox\@tempboxa\vsplit\@cclv to\z@
  \unvbox\@tempboxa\setbox\@tempboxa\box\@cclv\xdef\@deferlist{\@toplist
  \@botlist\@deferlist}\global\let\@toplist\@empty\global\let\@botlist
  \@empty\global\@colroom\@colht\ifx\@currlist\@empty\else\@latexerr
  {Float(s) lost}\@ehb\global\let\@currlist\@empty\fi\@makefcolumn
  \@deferlist\@whilesw\if@fcolmade\fi{\@opcol\@makefcolumn\@deferlist
  }\if@twocolumn\if@firstcolumn\xdef\@dbldeferlist{\@dbltoplist
  \@dbldeferlist}\global\let\@dbltoplist\@empty\global\@colht\textheight
  \begingroup\@dblfloatplacement\@makefcolumn\@dbldeferlist\@whilesw
  \if@fcolmade\fi{\@outputpage\@makefcolumn\@dbldeferlist}\endgroup\else
  \vbox{}\clearpage\fi\fi\else\setbox\@cclv\vbox{\box\@cclv\vfil}\@makecol
  \@opcol\clearpage\fi}
\@tempa\@makecol{\ifvoid\footins\setbox\@outputbox\box\@cclv\else\setbox
  \@outputbox\vbox{\boxmaxdepth\@maxdepth\unvbox\@cclv
  \vskip\skip\footins\color@begingroup\normalcolor\footnoterule\unvbox
  \footins\color@endgroup}\fi\let\@elt\relax\xdef\@freelist{\@freelist
  \@midlist}\global\let\@midlist\@empty\@combinefloats\ifvbox\@kludgeins
  \@makespecialcolbox\else\setbox\@outputbox\vbox to\@colht{\@texttop\dimen@
  \dp\@outputbox\unvbox\@outputbox\vskip-\dimen@\@textbottom}\fi\global
  \maxdepth\@maxdepth}
\@tempa\@reinserts{\ifvoid\footins\else\insert\footins{\unvbox\footins}\fi
  \ifvbox\@kludgeins\insert\@kludgeins{\unvbox\@kludgeins}\fi}
\fi
\if@tempswa
  \PackageError{footbib}{the output routine of LaTeX changed}
  {The output routine of LaTeX changed since the current version of
   `footbib'.\MessageBreak Since `footbib' patches this routine, 
   using it may produce unexpected\MessageBreak results. Send a mail to \space 
   Eric.Domenjoud@loria.fr \space to get a new version.\MessageBreak\MessageBreak
   Type \space X <return> \space to quit or cross your fingers and
   just type <return>.\MessageBreak} 
\fi
%</checkoutput>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Package Options}
%
% \subsubsection{Initial code}
%
% \begin{macro}{\iffb@twoside}
% \begin{macro}{\iffb@citeonce}
% \begin{macro}{\iffb@pagecite}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@chaptercite}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@partcite}
% \begin{macro}{\iffb@firstcite}
% \begin{macro}{\iffb@pagenum}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@chapternum}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@partnum}
% \begin{macro}{\iffb@xref}
% \begin{macro}{\iffb@crossrefs}
% \begin{macro}{\iffb@xcrossrefs}
% \begin{macro}{\iffb@nosplit}
% First we define some switches which record the user options. The
% switch |\iffb@twoside| is initialised from the current value of 
% |\if@twoside| because default global options are not passed to packages. 
% If one says |\documentclass{book}| then the document is in
% |twoside|\SpecialOptionIndex{twoside} mode but the packages
% \emph{don't know} it. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\iffb@twoside     \let\iffb@twoside\if@twoside
\newif\iffb@citeonce    \fb@citeoncefalse
\newif\iffb@pagecite    \fb@pagecitefalse
\let\fb@chaptercite\@empty
\let\fb@partcite\@empty
\newif\iffb@firstcite   \fb@firstcitefalse
\newif\iffb@pagenum     \fb@pagenumfalse
\let\fb@chapternum\@empty
\let\fb@partnum\@empty
\newif\iffb@xref        \fb@xreffalse
\newif\iffb@crossrefs   \fb@crossrefsfalse
\newif\iffb@xcrossrefs  \fb@xcrossrefsfalse
\newif\iffb@nosplit     \fb@nosplitfalse
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@checksec}
% The macro |\fb@checksec| checks whether its first argument (a sectioning
% command) is defined. If so, the second argument (a list of command)
% is executed. Otherwise an error is raised and the second argument
% is discarded. It is called while processing the options which must
% patch a sectioning command.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\fb@checksec[2]{%
  \ifx#1\@undefined
    \PackageError{footbib}{Bad option `\CurrentOption'}%
    {{footbib}: The current document class does not define `\string#1'}%
  \else
    #2%
  \fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsubsection{Declaration and processing of options}
% {\MacroFont
% \begin{option}{oneside}
% \begin{option}{twoside}
% \leavevmode\vspace{-1.2\baselineskip}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{oneside}{\fb@twosidefalse}
\DeclareOption{twoside}{\fb@twosidetrue}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{option}
% \end{option}
% \begin{option}{firstcite}
% \leavevmode\vspace{-1.2\baselineskip}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{firstcite}{\fb@firstcitetrue}
\DeclareOption{firstcite(page)}{\fb@firstcitetrue\fb@pagenumtrue}
\DeclareOption{firstcite(chapter)}{\fb@firstcitetrue
    \fb@checksec\chapter{\def\fb@chapternum{\fb@newnumunit}}}
\DeclareOption{firstcite(part)}{\fb@firstcitetrue
    \fb@checksec\part{\def\fb@partnum{\fb@newnumunit}}}
\DeclareOption{firstcite(document)}{\fb@firstcitetrue}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{option}
% \begin{option}{citeonce}
% \begin{option}{citeonce*}
% \leavevmode\vspace{-1.2\baselineskip}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{citeonce}{\fb@citeoncetrue}
\DeclareOption{citeonce(page)}{\fb@pagecitetrue}
\DeclareOption{citeonce(chapter)}{\fb@citeoncetrue
    \fb@checksec\chapter{\def\fb@chaptercite{\fb@newciteunit}}}
\DeclareOption{citeonce(part)}{\fb@citeoncetrue
    \fb@checksec\part{\def\fb@partcite{\fb@newciteunit}}}
\DeclareOption{citeonce(document)}{\fb@citeoncetrue}
\DeclareOption{citeonce*}{\fb@citeoncetrue\fb@xreftrue}
\DeclareOption{citeonce*(chapter)}{%
    \ExecuteOptions{citeonce(chapter)}\fb@xreftrue}
\DeclareOption{citeonce*(part)}{%
    \ExecuteOptions{citeonce(part)}\fb@xreftrue}
\DeclareOption{citeonce*(document)}{\ExecuteOptions{citeonce*}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{option}
% \end{option}
% \begin{option}{crossrefs}
% \begin{option}{crossrefs*}
% \begin{option}{nocrossrefs}
% \leavevmode\vspace{-1.2\baselineskip}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{crossrefs}{\fb@crossrefstrue\fb@xcrossrefstrue}
\DeclareOption{crossrefs*}{\fb@crossrefstrue\fb@xcrossrefsfalse}
\DeclareOption{nocrossrefs}{\fb@crossrefsfalse\fb@xcrossrefsfalse}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{option}
% \end{option}
% \end{option}
%
% \begin{option}{split}
% \begin{option}{nosplit}
% \leavevmode\vspace{-1.2\baselineskip}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareOption{split}{\fb@nosplitfalse}
\DeclareOption{nosplit}{\fb@nosplittrue}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{option}
% \end{option}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ProcessOptions*
\iffb@pagecite
  \fb@citeoncefalse
  \fb@xreffalse
\fi
\let\fb@firstcitetrue\@undefined  \let\fb@firstcitefalse\@undefined
\let\fb@citeoncetrue\@undefined   \let\fb@citeoncefalse\@undefined
\let\fb@pagecitetrue\@undefined   \let\fb@pagecitefalse\@undefined
\let\fb@xreftrue\@undefined       \let\fb@xreffalse\@undefined
\let\fb@crossrefstrue\@undefined  \let\fb@crossrefsfalse\@undefined
\let\fb@xcrossrefstrue\@undefined \let\fb@xcrossrefsfalse\@undefined
\let\fb@pagenumtrue\@undefined    \let\fb@pagenumfalse\@undefined
\let\fb@nosplittrue\@undefined    \let\fb@nosplitfalse\@undefined
\let\fb@checksec\@undefined
%    \end{macrocode}
% }
%
% \begin{macro}{\chapter}
% \begin{macro}{\part}
% At the beginning of the document, the commands |\chapter| and |\part| are
% patched if necessary so that they start a new citation or numbering unit. 
% This is achieved by adding in front of them the commands hold in
% |\fb@chaptercite|, |\fb@chapternum|, |\fb@partcite| and |\fb@partnum|
% defined while processing the options. When a command is patched, a
% |\clearpage| is added so that a new unit always starts at the top of a page.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtBeginDocument{%
  \begingroup
    \def\@tempb#1{%
      \ifx\@tempa\@empty\else
        \edef\@tempa{\noexpand\clearpage\@tempa}%
        \toks@\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{\expandafter\@tempa#1}%
        \xdef#1{\the\toks@}%
      \fi}%
    \let\fb@newnumunit\relax
    \let\fb@newciteunit\relax
    \edef\@tempa{\fb@partcite\fb@partnum}%
    \@tempb\part
    \edef\@tempa{\fb@chaptercite\fb@chapternum}%
    \@tempb\chapter
  \endgroup}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{Customisation}
%
% \subsubsection{Basename of the files used for the foot bibliography}
%
% \begin{macro}{\footbibliographyname}
% The basename of the |.aux| and |.bbl| files is produced by the
% command |\fb@bibname| which is redefined by a call to
% |\footbibliographyname| in the preamble. 
%
% |\footbibliographyname| first checks that its argument is different
% from |\jobname|. Since the characters in |\jobname| have  catcode
% 12 (other), the first two commands below yield the argument of
% |\footbibliographyname| also with catcodes 12 so that it may be
% compared to |\jobname|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand*\footbibliographyname[1]{%
  \edef\@tempa{#1}%
  \edef\@tempa{\expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning\@tempa}%
  \edef\@tempb{\jobname}%
  \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
    \PackageError{footbib}{Bad argument `#1'\on@line}%
      {The name supplied to `\string\footbibliographyname' must be
         different from the name\MessageBreak
       of the current document to avoid conflicts with the standard
         bibliography.\MessageBreak\MessageBreak 
       Type \space X <return> \space to quit.\MessageBreak}%
  \else
    \xdef\fb@bibname{#1}%
  \fi}
\@onlypreamble\footbibliographyname
\footbibliographyname{\jobname.fb}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsubsection{Layout of the list of citations in the text}
%
% \begin{macro}{\footcitelabel}
% \begin{macro}{\putfootcitelabel}
% \begin{macro}{\footcitelistformat}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@putfootcitelabel}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@citestart}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@citesep}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@citeend}
% Here we define the layout parameters for the list of citations in the
% text. We define an additional macro |\fb@putfootcitelabel| which is
% essentially |\putfootcitelabel|. Only |\scriptspace| and |\mathsurround| are
% set to 0 pt in case |\putfootcitelabel| involves some math.
% The modified version is applied to all components of the citation
% list but |\fb@citeend| to which the standard version is applied.
% This avoids unwanted spacing inside the list while allowing some
% additional spacing after it. The macro |\footcitelistformat| defines the
% macros |\fb@citestart|, |\fb@citesep| and |\fb@citeend| used by |\fb@cite|
% to build the list of citations in the text.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand*\footcitelabel[1]{#1}
\newcommand*\putfootcitelabel[1]{\textsuperscript{\normalfont#1}}
\newcommand*\fb@putfootcitelabel[1]{%
  {\m@th\scriptspace\z@\putfootcitelabel{#1}}}
\newcommand*\footcitelistformat[4]{%
  \def\fb@citestart{\fb@putfootcitelabel{#1}}%
  \def\fb@citesep{\fb@putfootcitelabel{#2}#3}%
  \def\fb@citeend{\putfootcitelabel{#4}}}%
\footcitelistformat[,{\penalty\@m}]
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsubsection{Style of the foot bibliography}
% 
% \begin{macro}{\footbibskip}
% \begin{macro}{\footbibrule}
% \begin{macro}{\footrefstyle}
% \begin{macro}{\footreflabel}
% \begin{macro}{\footxref}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@ins}
% Here are defined all the layout parameters for the foot bibliography.
% |\fb@ins| is the insertion number for the foot bibliography. It is not
% really the right place for its declaration but it is needed to define the
% user definable parameter |\footbibskip|. By the way we set
% all the parameters for these insertions: 1 to 1 magnification and
% no limit on the height of the foot bibliography.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newinsert\fb@ins
\count\fb@ins=1000
\AtBeginDocument{\dimen\fb@ins=\textheight}
\newcommand\footbibskip{\skip\fb@ins}
\footbibskip=\bigskipamount
\newcommand\footbibrule{\kern-3\p@\hrule\kern 2.6\p@}% \hrule is .4pt high
\newcommand\footrefstyle{\normalfont\footnotesize}
\newcommand*\footreflabel[1]{[#1]}
\newcommand*\footxref[2]{See~#1~on page~#2.}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{Some useful definitions}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@vedef}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@doactive}
% The keys of the references must be read and written \emph{more or
% less} verbatim. Since some packages make some
% characters permanently active, the catcodes should be changed before
% reading or writing a key or a list of keys and reset afterward.
% Unfortunately, in some situations this is not possible because the
% catcodes have already been attached to the characters. One solution is to scan
% the key and replace each active character with its non-active
% equivalent but this is fairly costly and does not work if some active
% character have been let equal to a non-active one or is hidden in a
% command occuring in the (list of) key(s). Another solution is to use
% |\meaning| to get a \emph{verbatim} copy of the keys but this does
% not allow them to contain commands like in |\foocite{\mylistofcitations}|
% The method used here consists in redefining the active characters
% so that their expansion produces the same character with a catcode
% 12 (other). Then an expansion of the key yields an almost
% \emph{verbatim} copy of it. Only then, |\meaning| is used to \emph{remove}
% the category code of any special character which might remain in the key
% like |$| or |_|. This mechanism allows the list of keys
% to contain itself commands which expand in the normal way. 
% All characters which may both be active in the document and appear in the
% key of a reference must be treated in this way. Since \BibTeX\ allows almost
% any character in a key, it is safer to consider all 
% characters which may be active in a document. No matter that they
% indeed are. The command |\dospecials| usually contains, among
% other, all such characters, each one escaped and preceded by |\do|.
% The \LaTeXe\ kernel defines |\dospecials|\SpecialUsageIndex{\dospecials} as
%\begin{trivlist}\leftskip=\parindent\item[]\MacroFont
%  \verb*|\def\dospecials{\do\ \do\\\do\{\do\}\do\$\do\&\do\#\do\^\do\_\do\%\do\~}|
%\end{trivlist}
% \noindent Any package which define new \emph{special} characters
% should add them to this list.
% \medskip
%
% An active character is needed to start with. Since |~| was
% made active at the beginning of the package, it may be safely used 
% for this purpose. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand*\fb@doactive[1]{\lccode`~=`#1\lowercase{\def~{\string~}}}
\newcommand*\fb@vedef[2]{%
  \begingroup
    \let\do\fb@doactive \dospecials
    \edef\@tempa{\endgroup\def\noexpand#1{#2}}%
  \@tempa
  \edef#1{\expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning#1}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@namexdef}
% |\fb@namexdef| is similar to the |\@namedef| command of \LaTeX\ but uses
% |\xdef| instead of |\def|
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand*\fb@namexdef[1]{\expandafter\xdef\csname#1\endcsname}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@auxout}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@writeaux}
% |\fb@auxout| is the auxiliary file used to record information about
% citations and as input to \BibTeX.
% The commands |\footbibliographystyle| and |\footbibliography| do an
% immediate |\write| to this file. However, since these commands may
% be used in the preamble, this file might not yet be open for
% writing at the time they are used. We must wait until the end of the
% preamble before opening the auxiliary file to give the user a chance to
% define its name with |\footbibliographyname|. Therefore, we define the
% macro |\fb@writeaux| which postpones the write until the beginning of the
% document. It is somehow a \emph{delayed immediate write} which means that
% the write will be performed as soon as possible, i.e.~as soon as the
% auxiliary file is open for writing. This definition is temporary and will
% be changed to a \emph{true} immediate write by |\AtBeginDocument|. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newwrite\fb@auxout
\newcommand*\fb@writeaux[2]{%
  \AtBeginDocument{%
    \if@filesw
      \immediate\write\fb@auxout{\string#1{#2}}%
    \fi}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{Units handling}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@numunit}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@citeunit}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@xrefunit}
% We handle 3 counters: the \emph{numbering unit}\Index{numbering}{unit}
% counter (|\fb@numunit|), the \emph{citation unit}\Index{citation}{unit}
% counter (|\fb@citeunit|) and the \emph{cross-referencing
% unit}\Index{cross-referencing}{unit} counter (|\fb@xrefunit|). This last
% counter is meaningful only if a |citeonce*| option was used. It essentially
% counts pages in |oneside| mode and double pages in |twoside| mode. However,
% if the citation unit is a chapter (resp.~a part), each |\chapter|
% (resp.~|\part|) command also increments this counter.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcount\fb@numunit  \fb@numunit\@ne
\newcount\fb@citeunit \fb@citeunit\@ne
\newcount\fb@xrefunit \fb@xrefunit\@ne
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@refciteunit}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@refxrefunit}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@refnumunit}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@refpage}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@theunits}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@getunits}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@get@units}
% The macros |\fb@ref|\dots|unit| and |\fb@refpage| hold the units and the
% page of the current citation.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\fb@theunits{%
  {\the\fb@citeunit}{\the\fb@xrefunit}{\the\fb@numunit}{\thepage}}
\newcommand*\fb@getunits[1]{%
  \ifx#1\relax
    \xdef#1{{\fb@key}\fb@theunits}%
  \fi
  \expandafter\fb@get@units#1}
\newcommand*\fb@get@units[5]{%
  \def\fb@refciteunit{#2}%
  \def\fb@refxrefunit{#3}%
  \def\fb@refnumunit{#4}%
  \def\fb@refpage{#5}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@newciteunit}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@newnumunit}
% The macros |\fb@newciteunit| and |\fb@newnumunit| are called by the
% patched versions of |\part| or 
% |\chapter| to start a new citation or numbering unit. The patched
% sectioning unit also forces a page break so that a unit always
% starts at the top of a page.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\fb@newciteunit{%
  \global\advance\fb@citeunit\@ne
  \global\advance\fb@xrefunit\@ne}
\newcommand\fb@newnumunit{\global\advance\fb@numunit\@ne}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@checkpage}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@prevpage}
% Each time the page counter is incremented, i.e.~at the top of a new
% page, the macro |\fb@checkpage| updates the units counters if necessary. We
% first check whether the current page is a right page. In |oneside| mode, it
% is never the case. In |twoside| mode, it is the case if its number is
% |\fb@prevpage|${}+1$ and is odd, where |\fb@prevpage| is a counter which
% holds the number of the last shiped out page. If the number
% of the current page is not |\fb@prevpage|${}+1$, it means that
% either the user has manually changed the page counter or the page numbering
% has changed. In both cases, we consider the current page as a left page. If
% the current page is a right page, we do nothing. Otherwise, it may start a
% new unit\footnote{A right page may actually also start a new unit if for
% instance the |firstcite(chapter)|\SpecialOptionIndex{firstcite}
%  option is in effect and the current
% page starts a new chapter. But in this case, the units are updated by the
% |\string\chapter| command.} and we update the unit counters.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcount\fb@prevpage \fb@prevpage\@ne
\newcommand*\fb@checkpage{%
  \@tempswatrue
  \iffb@twoside
    \global\advance\fb@prevpage\@ne
    \ifnum\fb@prevpage=\c@page
      \ifodd\c@page
        \@tempswafalse
      \fi
    \fi
  \fi
  \if@tempswa
%    \end{macrocode}
% The counter |\fb@numunit| is incremented if the switch |\iffb@pagenum| is
% true, i.e.~the option
% |firstcite(page)|\SpecialOptionIndex{firstcite} was used. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \iffb@pagenum
      \global\advance\fb@numunit\@ne
    \fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% The switch |\iffb@citeonce| is true iff a
% |citeonce|\SpecialOptionIndex{citeonce} or
% |citeonce*|\SpecialOptionIndex{citeonce*} 
% option was used. In this case, the |\fb@citeunit| counter is
% incremented by the |\chapter| or |\part| command. We just increment
% |\fb@xrefunit| in case |citeonce*| was used. If
% |\iffb@citeonce| is false, the citation unit is the (double) page and
% we increment |\fb@citeunit|. Since no
% |citeonce*|\SpecialOptionIndex{citeonce*} option was 
% used, we do not need to handle |\fb@xrefunit|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \iffb@citeonce
      \global\advance\fb@xrefunit\@ne
    \else
      \global\advance\fb@citeunit\@ne
    \fi
  \fi
  \global\fb@prevpage\c@page}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begingroup\lccode`P=`\%\lowercase{\endgroup\begin{macro}{\c@fbPcheckpage}}
% The next definition is a trick to make the macro |\fb@checkpage|
% execute each time the page counter is incremented. Each counter
% \meta{cnt} declared by |\@addtoreset{|\meta{cnt}|}{page}| is reset to
% 0 by |\global\c@|\meta{cnt}|\z@|  when the counter |page| is
% incremented. We define a macro |\c@|\emph{xxx} which \emph{looks like}
% a counter and we say |\@addtoreset{|\emph{xxx}|}{page}|. To
% be sure that the user will never define a counter named \emph{xxx}, we
% name our macro |\c@fb%checkpage|. The name of the associated \emph{pseudo
% counter} is |fb%checkpage| that the user may normally not type. 
% Each time the page counter is incremented, |\global\c@fb%checkpage\z@|
% is executed. The macro |\c@fb%checkpage| starts with an assignment
% (|\count@\z@|) which \emph{uses} the |\global| and ends with a
% counter (|\count@|) which \emph{gobbles} the following |\z@|. Since
% we change the catcode of |%|, it may not be used for comments below.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\catcode`\%=11
\newcommand\c@fb%checkpage{\count@\z@
  \fb@checkpage
  \count@}
\@addtoreset{fb%checkpage}{page}
\catcode`\%=14
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{Commands to handle the references}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@refcount}
% The counter |\fb@refcount| holds the number of the last numbered reference.
% It is reset to 0 at the beginning of each numbering unit.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcount\fb@refcount
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@lbl}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@txt}
% The token registers |\fb@lbl| and |\fb@txt| always holds the label
% and the text of the current reference.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newtoks\fb@lbl
\newtoks\fb@txt
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@setref}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@getref}
% \VerbSetup{\begin{macro}{\fb@r.\noexpand~{key}}}
% |\fb@setref| stores the current value of the token registers
% |\fb@lbl| and |\fb@txt| in the macro |\fb@r.|\meta{key} where
% \meta{key} is the key of the current reference. This key is always
% stored in the macro |\fb@key|. |\fb@setref| is called each time a component
% of a reference changes: when it is first read at the beginning of the
% document, and when the dynamic label or the text of the reference has
% been updated. |\fb@getref| does the converse: given
% a key, it updates |\fb@lbl| and |\fb@txt| from |\fb@r.|\meta{key}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\fb@setref{%
  \fb@namexdef{fb@r.\fb@key}{{\the\fb@lbl}{\the\fb@txt}}}
\newcommand\fb@getref{\afterassignment\fb@txt\fb@lbl}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@setlbl}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@getlbl}
% |\fb@setlbl| updates the dynamic label of a reference. |\fb@getlbl| gets
% the label after calling |\fb@setlbl| if necessary to update it.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\fb@setlbl{%
  \global\advance\fb@refcount\@ne
  \edef\@tempa{{\fb@refnumunit}{\the\fb@refcount}}%
  \global\fb@lbl\expandafter{\expandafter\fb@getlbl\@tempa}%
  \fb@setref
  \the\fb@refcount}
\newcommand*\fb@getlbl[2]{\ifnum\fb@refnumunit=#1{#2}\else\fb@setlbl\fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@settxt}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@gettxt}
% |\fb@settxt| and |\fb@gettxt| are similar to |\fb@setlbl| and
% |\fb@getlbl| but update the text of the reference instead of the label.
% When |\fb@settxt| is called, the label must have been expanded just
% before so that it has been updated if necessary. Then |\fb@lbl|
% has either the form |{|\meta{static label}|}|\Index{static}{label} or
% the form |\fb@getlbl{|\meta{current numunit}|}{|\meta{dynamic
% label}|}|\Index{dynamic}{label}.
% In the later case, the test at the beginning of |\fb@getlbl| must
% succeed so that in both cases, the first command in |\fb@settxt|
% below assigns the label to |\toks@|. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\fb@settxt[1]{%
  \toks@=\the\fb@lbl
  \toks@\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{\expandafter
    \footreflabel\expandafter{\the\toks@}}%
  \edef\@tempa{{\fb@refciteunit}{\the\toks@}{\fb@refpage}}%
  \global\fb@txt\expandafter{\expandafter\fb@gettxt\@tempa{#1}}%
  \fb@setref
  #1}
\newcommand\fb@gettxt[4]{%
  \ifnum\fb@refciteunit=#1\relax
    \footxref{#2}{#3}%
  \else
    \fb@settxt{#4}%
  \fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{Commands to handle the foot bibliography}
%
% \begin{macro}{\footbibliography}
% \begin{macro}{\footbibliographystyle}
% |\footbibliography| and |\footbibliographystyle| are the commands which
% define the bibliography file and the bibliography style. They just write
% their argument to the auxiliary file. If they are used in the preamble, the
% |\fb@writeaux| macro in use is the delayed one. The write will actually
% take place at the beginning of the document.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\footbibliography{\fb@writeaux\bibdata}
\newcommand\footbibliographystyle{\fb@writeaux\bibstyle}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@refnotfound}
% When a reference is not found by \LaTeX, it is replaced by a
% default one generated by the command |\fb@refnotfound| which
% takes the key of the reference as an argument and expands to the
% default label and the default text.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand*\fb@refnotfound[1]{%
  {?}{*** ERROR: citation `{\normalfont\ttfamily\bfseries#1}' undefined ***}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsubsection{Creation of the foot references}
%
% \begin{macro}{\footcite}
% \begin{macro}{\footcite*}
% \begin{macro}{\footnocite}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@@cite}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@optlbl}
% \begin{macro}{\iffb@lbl}
% \begin{macro}{\iffb@txt}
% All 3 citation commands |\footcite|, |\footcite*| and |\footnocite|
% actually call the same macro |\fb@cite|. Before this call, they just
% set the flags 
% |\iffb@lbl| and |\iffb@txt| according to whether the label and the
% text of the reference are requested. The settings are as follows:
% \begin{center}
% \DeleteShortVerb\|\MakeShortVerb\"
% \begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|}\hline
%               & "\iffb@lbl" & "\iffb@txt" \\\hline
% "\footcite"   & true        & true  \\
% "\footcite*"  & true        & false \\
% "\footnocite" & false       & true  \\\hline
% \end{tabular}
% \DeleteShortVerb\"\MakeShortVerb\|
% \end{center}
% In addition, |\footcite| calls |\fb@@cite| to get the optional argument
% which is put in |\fb@optlbl|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\iffb@lbl
\newif\iffb@txt
\DeclareRobustCommand\footcite{%
  \fb@lbltrue\@ifstar{\fb@txtfalse\fb@@cite}{\fb@txttrue\fb@@cite}}
\newcommand\footnocite{\fb@lblfalse\fb@txttrue\fb@cite}
\newcommand*\fb@@cite[1][\@nil]{%
  \def\fb@optlbl{#1}%
  \ifx\fb@optlbl\@nnil
    \let\fb@optlbl\relax
  \else
    \def\fb@optlbl{\fb@putfootcitelabel{, #1}}%
  \fi
  \fb@cite}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@cite}
% |\fb@cite| is the macro which handles the list of citations. It
% calls |\fb@xcite| to produce the actual label and insert the text
% of each individual reference.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand*\fb@cite[1]{%
  \fb@vedef\fb@keys{#1}%
  \iffb@lbl
    \fb@citestart
    \def\fb@citea{\let\fb@citea\fb@citesep}%
  \fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% If the list of citation is empty, the |\@for| loop is not 
% entered and no warning is issued. Therefore, we check for this now.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \ifx\fb@keys\@empty
    \PackageWarning{footbib}{Empty citation on page \thepage}%
  \fi
  \@for\fb@key:=\fb@keys\do{%
    \iffb@lbl\fb@citea\fi
    \fb@xcite
    \ifx\fb@deferredcite\@empty\else
      \begingroup
        \fb@lblfalse
        \expandafter\fb@xnocite\fb@deferredcite\@nil
      \endgroup
    \fi}%
  \iffb@lbl\fb@optlbl\fb@citeend\fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@xfootcite}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@deferredcite}
% The macro |\fb@xfootcite| is a replacement for the |\cite| command of
% \LaTeX\ inside a foot reference if the
% |crossrefs|\SpecialOptionIndex{crossrefs} or 
% |crossrefs*|\SpecialOptionIndex{crossrefs*} option was used.  
% In both cases, |\fb@xfootcite| performs a 
% |\footcite*|. If the |crossrefs|\SpecialOptionIndex{crossrefs} option was
% used, in addition, |\fb@xfootcite| adds globally the list of citation
% keys to the list |\fb@deferredcite|. After the insertion of the current
% reference has been completed, a |\footnocite|\SpecialUsageIndex{\footnocite}
% will be performed for each key in the list. The format of this list is
% \meta{key}|,|\dots,\meta{key}|,| (the trailing comma makes it easier to
% handle than \meta{key}|,|\dots|,|\meta{key} and allows to distinguish between
% an empty list and a list containing only an empty element). This list is
% initially empty.  
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\fb@xfootcite[2][\@nil]{%
  \footcite*[#1]{#2}%
  \iffb@xcrossrefs
    \fb@vedef\fb@keys{#2}%
    \xdef\fb@deferredcite{\fb@deferredcite\fb@keys,}%
  \fi}
\let\fb@deferredcite\@empty
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@xnocite}
% After the insertion of the current reference has been completed, if some
% deferred cross-references are present, the macro |\fb@xnocite| is called.
% It calls |\fb@xcite| with |\iffb@lbl|=\emph{false} to insert the text of
% the cross-references if necessary. This might produce more deferred
% cross-references which will be added to |\fb@deferredcite|. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\fb@xnocite#1,#2\@nil{%
  \gdef\fb@deferredcite{#2}%
  \def\fb@key{#1}%
  \fb@xcite
  \ifx\fb@deferredcite\@empty
    \let\@tempa\@gobble
  \else
    \let\@tempa\fb@xnocite
  \fi
  \expandafter\@tempa\fb@deferredcite\@nil}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@xcite}
% The macro |\fb@xcite| is called both by |\fb@cite| and
% |\fb@xnocite| to handle each individual citation. It writes to the auxiliary
% file the information about the citation, puts the label in the text if
% requested and put the text of the reference on the page if necessary. If the
% reference is not found, it issues a warning.
%
% The first command in |\fb@xcite| removes any space in front of the key.
% |\@empty| is inserted after the key to prevent an error in case it is
% empty. 
%
% If the key is empty or the reference is undefined, the \LaTeX\ command
% |\G@refundefinedtrue| is used to set the switch
% |\if@refundefined| which indicates that some reference was
% undefined. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\fb@xcite{%
  \edef\fb@key{\expandafter\@firstofone\fb@key\@empty}%
  \ifx\fb@key\@empty
    \PackageWarning{footbib}{Empty citation on page \thepage}%
    \G@refundefinedtrue
  \else
    \@ifundefined{fb@r.\fb@key}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \FbIndex{\fb@r.\noexpand~{key}}^^A
%    \begin{macrocode}
      {\G@refundefinedtrue
       \PackageWarning{footbib}{%
          Citation `\fb@key' on page \thepage \space undefined}% 
       \fb@getref\fb@refnotfound\fb@key\fb@setref}%
      {\fb@getref\@nameuse{fb@r.\fb@key}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \FbIndex{\fb@r.\noexpand~{key}}^^A
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \fb@bibcite
    \iffb@lbl\fb@putfootcitelabel{\footcitelabel{\the\fb@lbl}}\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% The text of the reference is inserted if requested (|\iffb@txt|=\emph{true})
% and either it has not yet been inserted in the current citation unit, or a
% |citeonce*| option was used and the last citation was on
% another (double) page.
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \iffb@txt
      \expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempa\csname
          fb@fn\fb@key.\fb@refciteunit\endcsname
%    \end{macrocode}
% \FbIndex{\fb@fn\noexpand~{key}.\noexpand~{num}}^^A
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \@tempswatrue
      \ifx\@tempa\relax\else
        \iffb@xref
          \ifx\@tempa\fb@refxrefunit 
            \@tempswafalse
          \fi
        \else
          \@tempswafalse
        \fi
      \fi
      \if@tempswa
        \fb@namexdef{fb@fn\fb@key.\fb@refciteunit}{\fb@refxrefunit}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \FbMainIndex{\fb@fn\noexpand~{key}.\noexpand~{num}}^^A
%    \begin{macrocode}
        \fb@citefn
      \fi
    \fi
  \fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@bibcite} 
% \begin{macro}{\fb@lastrefnumunit}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@citecount}
% The command |\fb@bibcite| writes 
% to the auxiliary file all the informations about the current
% citation: the key, the units, and the page. It also resets to 0 the counter
% |\fb@refcount| if the numbering unit changed between the last reference and
% the current one. This counter is used to number the references. The counter 
% |\fb@lastrefnumunit| holds the numbering unit of the last reference.
% The counter |\fb@citecount| holds the number of the current citation. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcount\fb@citecount
\newcount\fb@lastrefnumunit \fb@lastrefnumunit\m@ne
\newcommand\fb@bibcite{%
  \fb@writeaux\citation\fb@key
  \global\advance\fb@citecount\@ne
  \expandafter\fb@getunits\csname fb@c.\the\fb@citecount\endcsname
%    \end{macrocode}
% \FbIndex{\fb@c.\noexpand~{num}}^^A
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \ifnum\fb@refnumunit=\fb@lastrefnumunit\else
    \global\fb@lastrefnumunit\fb@refnumunit\relax
    \global\fb@refcount\z@
  \fi
  \if@filesw
    \write\fb@auxout\expandafter{\expandafter\string\expandafter
      \bibcite\expandafter{\fb@key}\fb@theunits}%
  \fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@citefn}
% |\fb@citefn| inserts the text of the reference. It is called
% only if the reference was not already cited in the same citation
% unit or a |citeonce*|\SpecialOptionIndex{citeonce*} option was used. 
% The code is mainly borrowed from the footnotes handling in \LaTeX.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand\fb@citefn{%
  \insert\fb@ins{%
    \reset@font\footrefstyle
    \interlinepenalty\iffb@nosplit\@M\else\interfootnotelinepenalty\fi
    \splittopskip 1.2\ht\strutbox
    \splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox
    \floatingpenalty \@MM
    \hsize\columnwidth
    \@parboxrestore
    \ifx\newblock\@undefined\let\newblock\relax\fi
    \iffb@crossrefs\let\cite\fb@xfootcite\fi
    \@tempdima\fb@lblwidth
    \advance\@tempdima\labelsep
    \leftskip\@tempdima
    \color@begingroup
      \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{\footreflabel{\the\fb@lbl}}%
      \hskip-\@tempdima
      \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa<\fb@lblwidth
        \hb@xt@\fb@lblwidth{\unhbox\@tempboxa\hfil}%
      \else
        \box\@tempboxa
      \fi
      \hskip\labelsep
      \rule\z@{1.2\ht\strutbox}\ignorespaces\the\fb@txt\@finalstrut\strutbox
    \color@endgroup}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \subsection{AtBeginDocument, AtEndDocument}
%
% At the beginning of the document, we read the bibliography file and
% record all the references. This is memory consuming but the only
% alternative is to read again the bibliography file for each
% |\footcite| command which would be much slower.
% We must wait until the beginning of the document to give the user a
% chance to redefine |\fb@bibname| through |\footbibliographyname|.
% The preamble of the bibliography is executed once for all when the
% bibliography is read. After recording the bibliography, we read the |.aux|
% file (if it exists) and record the parameters (citation and numbering unit,
% page, etc.) of all citations as determined during the previous run. The
% parameters of the $n^{th}$ citation are recorded in the macro 
% |\fb@c.|\meta{n}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtBeginDocument{%
%    \end{macrocode}
% Save the current value of |\thebibliography| and redefine it
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \let\fb@savethebibliography\thebibliography
  \let\thebibliography\fb@thebibliography
  \let\fb@thebibliography\@undefined
%    \end{macrocode}
% Read the |bbl| file. This executes the preamble, and if a
% |thebibliography| environment is found, sets |\fb@lblwidth| to the
% length of the longest label and records all references. |\fb@lblwidth|
% is initialised with a negative value which allows us to detect
% afterward whether a |thebibliography| environment was present.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \global\fb@lblwidth=-\maxdimen
  \fb@refcount\z@
  \@input{\fb@bibname.bbl}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% Restore the standard value of |\thebibliography|
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \let\thebibliography\fb@savethebibliography
  \let\fb@savethebibliography\@undefined
%    \end{macrocode}
% Assign a default value to |\fb@lblwidth| in case the |bbl| file
% was not found or contained no |thebibliography| environment.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \ifdim\fb@lblwidth<\z@
    \settowidth\fb@lblwidth
      {\footrefstyle\footreflabel{\expandafter\@firstoftwo\fb@refnotfound{?}}}%
  \fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% \begin{macro}{\bibcite}
% \VerbSetup{\begin{macro}{\fb@c.\noexpand~{num}}}
% Then read the auxiliary file and record the parameters of each citation.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \fb@citecount\z@
  \begingroup
    \let\citation\@gobble \let\bibstyle\@gobble \let\bibdata\@gobble
    \def\bibcite#1#2#3#4#5{%
        \advance\fb@citecount\@ne
        \fb@vedef\fb@key{#1}%
        \fb@namexdef{fb@c.\the\fb@citecount}{{\fb@key}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}}}%
    \@input{\fb@bibname.aux}%
  \endgroup
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@auxout}
% Prepare the auxiliary file for writing
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \if@filesw
    \immediate\openout\fb@auxout=\fb@bibname.aux
    \immediate\write\fb@auxout{\relax}%
  \fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@writeaux}
% Finally, define a non delayed version of |\fb@writeaux|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \renewcommand*\fb@writeaux[2]{%
    \if@filesw
      \immediate\write\fb@auxout{\string#1{#2}}%
    \fi}%
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\fb@thebibliography}
% \begin{macro}{\fb@lblwidth}
% The macro |\fb@thebibliography| records the length of the longest
% label in the \meta{dimen} register |\fb@lblwidth| and then scans the
% bibliography and stores each reference in a global macro
% |\fb@r.|\meta{key} where \meta{key} is the key 
% of the reference. The references are read one token at a time so that we
% may detect |\verb| commands even if they are hidden in groups.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newdimen\fb@lblwidth
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand*\fb@thebibliography[1]{%
%    \end{macrocode}
% We open still a new group to prevent our definitions to conflict with
% macros that might be used by |\end{thebibliography}|. We let
% |\endthebibliography| equal to |\endgroup| so that it closes this group.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \begingroup
  \let\endthebibliography\endgroup
%    \end{macrocode}
% Record the size of the longest label
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \settowidth\dimen@{\footrefstyle\footreflabel{#1}}%
  \ifdim\dimen@>\fb@lblwidth\global\fb@lblwidth=\dimen@\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@bracelevel}
% \begin{macro}{\@bgrouplineno}
% \begin{macro}{\@on@line}
% \begin{macro}{\@eat}
% Some definitions necessary to read the bibliography entries.
% All these definitions are local since the command
% |\begin{thebibliography}| opened a new group. They will be
% cancelled when |\end{thebibliography}| is executed.
% The names of global definitions have the form |\fb@|\dots\ while the
% names of local definitions simply start with |\@|\dots\ We reuse as
% much as possible 
% existing global names so that we do not use memory unnecessarily.
% the |\@bracelevel| counter keeps track of groups nesting while
% reading the bibliography. The |\@bgrouplineno| counter holds the
% number of the input line where the current group started. It is
% used for error messages. |\@on@line| is similar to the |\on@line|
% command of the \LaTeXe\ kernel but also shows the name of the
% current file.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \newcount\@bracelevel
  \newcount\@bgrouplineno
  \def\@on@line{\on@line\space of \fb@bibname.bbl}%
  \def\@eat{\let\@tempa= }%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\@bgroup}
% \begin{macro}{\@egroup}
% \begin{macro}{\bgroup}
% \begin{macro}{\egroup}
% |\bgroup| and |\egroup| are redefined so that we may distinguish
% between explicit and implicit begin or end group characters.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \let\@bgroup{%
  \let\@egroup}%
  \let\bgroup\relax
  \let\egroup\relax
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\@actlet}
% |\@actlet\|\meta{char}\meta{cmd} makes \meta{char} active and lets it
% equal to \meta{cmd}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\@actlet##1{%
      \catcode`##1=\active
      \begingroup\lccode`~=`##1\lowercase{\endgroup\let~}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\@noitemerror}
% |\@noitemerror| is called to raise an error if anything is seen
% between |\begin{thebibliography}| and the first |\bibitem|. If the
% user types \meta{return} at the prompt, the next token is swallowed
% and the processing goes on.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\@noitemerr{%
      \PackageError{footbib}{Missing \string\bibitem\@on@line}\@empty
      \afterassignment\@readbib\@eat}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\@errifbraces}
% |\@errifbraces|\meta{cmp} compares |\@bracelevel| with 0 using
% \meta{cmp} ($=$ or $>$) and raises an error if the test succeeds.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\@errifbraces##1{%
      \ifnum\@bracelevel##1\z@
        {\ifx##1>\let\inputlineno\@bgrouplineno\fi
        \PackageError{footbib}{%
           \ifx##1>Unmatched begin\else Extra end\fi-group
           character\@on@line}\@empty}% 
      \fi}% 
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% Now come all the commands which read and handle the tokens.
%
% \begin{macro}{\@readbib}
% \begin{macro}{\@xreadbib}
% These macros read the next token and take the appropriate action.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\@readbib{\futurelet\@tok\@xreadbib}%
  \def\@xreadbib{%
      \ifx\@tok\@sptoken\let\@tempa\@readsp
      \else\ifx\@tok\par\let\@tempa\@readpar
      \else\ifx\@tok\bibitem\let\@tempa\@endbibitem
      \else\ifx\@tok\end\let\@tempa\@checkendbib
      \else\if@newlist\let\@tempa\@noitemerr
      \else\ifx\@tok\@bgroup\let\@tempa\@eat\afterassignment\@begingroup
      \else\ifx\@tok\@egroup\let\@tempa\@eat\afterassignment\@endgroup
      \else\ifx\@tok\verb\let\@tempa\relax
      \else\let\@tempa\@addtotxt
      \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\@tempa}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\bibitem}
% \begin{macro}{\@bibitem}
% \begin{macro}{\@lbibitem}
% The macro |\bibitem| is called if the next token is |\bibitem|. It
% calls |\@lbibitem| or |\@bibitem| depending on whether a label is
% provided or not. If no label is provided, |\@bibitem| provides one.
% The definition of this macro depends on the switch |\iffb@firstcite|
% which is true iff a |firstcite|\SpecialOptionIndex{firstcite} option
% was used. If so, a \emph{dynamic} label\Index{dynamic}{label} is
% provided. Otherwise, a \emph{static} label\Index{static}{label} is
% provided which is the current value of the counter |\fb@refcount|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\bibitem{%
      \@errifbraces>%
      \@newlistfalse
      \@ifnextchar[\@lbibitem\@bibitem}%
  \iffb@firstcite
    \def\@bibitem{\@lbibitem[\fb@setlbl]}%
  \else
    \def\@bibitem{%
      \advance\fb@refcount\@ne
      \expandafter\@lbibitem\expandafter[\the\fb@refcount]}%
  \fi
  \def\@lbibitem[##1]##2{%
      \fb@lbl{{##1}}%
      \fb@vedef\fb@key{##2}%
      \fb@txt{}%
      \let\@lastsptok\@empty
      \@inlabeltrue
      \@readbib}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\@checkendbib}
% The macro |\@checkendbib| is called when the next token is |\end|. It
% reads the argument of |\end| and checks whether it is
% |thebibliography|. If so it calls |\@endbibitem| to terminate the
% current reference (if any) and reinserts |\end{thebibliography}| which will
% terminate the bibliography.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\@checkendbib\end##1{%
      \def\@tempa{##1}\def\@tempb{thebibliography}%
      \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
        \def\@tempa{\@endbibitem\end{##1}}%
      \else
        \if@newlist
          \let\@tempa\@noitemerr
        \else
          \def\@tempa{\@addtotxt{\end{##1}}}%
        \fi
      \fi\@tempa}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\@endbibitem}
% The macro |\@endbibitem| terminates the current reference (if any) and
% calls |\fb@setref| which stores it in a macro. If the switch
% |\iffb@xref| is true, i.e~a |citeonce*|\SpecialOptionIndex{citeonce*}
% option was used, 
% |\@endbibitem| adds to the text of the reference the command
% |\fb@settxt| which will modify it dynamically.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\@endbibitem{%
      \if@newlist\else
        \@errifbraces>%
        \iffb@xref
          \fb@txt\expandafter{\expandafter\fb@settxt\expandafter{\the\fb@txt}}%
        \fi
        \fb@setref
      \fi}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\@addtotxt}
% The macro |\@addtotxt| adds to the text of the reference so far, first
% the last \emph{space} token (\meta{space} or |\par|) and then its
% argument. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \long\def\@addtotxt##1{%
      \fb@txt\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
        {\expandafter\the\expandafter\fb@txt\@lastsptok##1}%
      \let\@lastsptok\@empty
      \@inlabelfalse
      \@readbib}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\@readsp}
% \begin{macro}{\@readpar}
% \begin{macro}{\@lastsptok}
% The \emph{space} tokens \meta{space} and |\par| are handled in a
% delayed way. They are first recorded in a single place
% (|\@lastsptok|), so that each one overrides the previous one. 
% The most recent one is added to the text of the reference each time
% |\@addtotxt| is called. This mechanism discards any space preceding
% a |\par| token and also the |\par| which occurs generally at the
% end of each reference.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \expandafter\def\expandafter\@readsp\space{%
      \if@inlabel\else\let\@lastsptok\space\fi
      \@readbib}%
  \def\@readpar\par{%
      \if@inlabel\else\def\@lastsptok{\par}\fi
      \@readbib}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\@begingroup}
% \begin{macro}{\@endgroup}
% The macros |\@begingroup| and |\@endgroup| are called when a begin-
% or end-group character is seen. |\@begingroup| opens a new group and
% increments the counter |\@bracelevel|. It also records the number of the
% input line which may be used later for error reporting. |\@endgroup| closes
% the group, which restores the previous value of |\@bracelevel|, and calls
% |\@addtotxt| to add the group to the text of the reference so far.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\@begingroup{%
      \@bgroup
      \advance\@bracelevel\@ne
      \@bgrouplineno=\inputlineno
      \fb@txt{}%
      \let\@lastsptok\@empty
      \@readbib}%
  \def\@endgroup{%
      \@errifbraces=%
      \edef\@tempa{\@egroup\noexpand\@addtotxt{{\the\fb@txt\@lastsptok}}}%
      \@tempa}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\verb}
% \begin{macro}{\@sverb}
% We provide special support for the |\verb| command. The following code
% is essentially borrowed from the \LaTeXe\ kernel. Just we let the
% active characters equal to |\relax| so that they are not expanded.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\verb{%
      \begingroup
%    \end{macrocode}
% First make all special characters `other'
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \let\do\@makeother \dospecials
%    \end{macrocode}
% Avoid ligatures
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \def\do####1{\@actlet####1\relax}\verbatim@nolig@list
%    \end{macrocode}
% An end of line character in the argument of |\verb| is an error.
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \@actlet\^^M\verb@eol@error
      \@ifstar{\@sverb*}{\@actlet\ \relax\@sverb\@empty}}%
  \def\@sverb##1##2{%
      \@actlet##2\verb@egroup
%    \end{macrocode}
% Read the argument of |\verb|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \edef\@tempa{\noexpand\verb##1\noexpand~\iffalse}\fi}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\verb@egroup}
% Normal termination of |\verb|. The |~| must be protected against expansion
% because we are still inside the |\edef| started by |\@sverb|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\verb@egroup{%
      \noexpand~\iffalse{\fi}%
      \expandafter\endgroup\expandafter\@addtotxt\expandafter{\@tempa}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \begin{macro}{\verb@eol@error}
% The macro |\verb@eol@error| is called if an end of line character
% occurs before the normal termination of |\verb|. Unlike it is done in the
% \LaTeXe\ kernel, we do not terminate the |\verb| because the most frequent
% case is when \BibTeX\ breaks the argument of |\verb| because the line is too
% long. The closing delimiter will generally be found on the next line.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \def\verb@eol@error{\iffalse{\fi}%
      \GenericError\@empty{LaTeX Error:
          \noexpand\verb ended by end of line\@on@line}\@gobble%
          {The argument of \string\verb\@on@line\space contains 
               an end of line.\MessageBreak 
           Type \space X <return> \space to quit.\MessageBreak}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% We try to recover from error in case the user types \meta{return} at the
% prompt. We where defining |\@tempa| which contains now
% |\verb|?|~|\dots\ where\ ?\ stands for |*| or nothing. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \toks@\expandafter{\@tempa}%
      \edef\@tempa{\the\toks@\iffalse}\fi}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% Some initialisation before starting to read the
% bibliography. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \@bracelevel\z@
  \@newlisttrue
  \@inlabeltrue
%    \end{macrocode}
% And finally start to read the bibliography. This is the end of
% |\fb@thebibliography| 
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \@readbib}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% At the end of the document, we first do a |\clearpage| to be sure
% that all the writes have been performed. Then we close the
% auxiliary file and finally read it to check whether any change
% occured between the previous run and the current one. If so, we issue a
% warning. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtEndDocument{%
  \clearpage
  \if@filesw
    \immediate\closeout\fb@auxout
    \begingroup
      \let\citation\@gobble \let\bibstyle\@gobble \let\bibdata\@gobble
      \def\bibcite#1#2#3#4#5{%
        \advance\fb@citecount\@ne
        \fb@vedef\@tempa{#1}%
        \edef\@tempa{{\@tempa}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}}%
        \expandafter\ifx\csname fb@c.\the\fb@citecount\endcsname
%    \end{macrocode}
% \FbIndex{\fb@c.\noexpand~{num}}^^A
%    \begin{macrocode}
          \@tempa\else\@tempswatrue\fi}%
      \fb@citecount\z@
      \@tempswafalse
      \input\fb@bibname.aux
      \if@tempswa
        \PackageWarning{footbib}{Bibliography not yet stable. Rerun
                                   LaTeX\@gobble}% 
      \fi
    \endgroup
  \fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Output routine}
%
% We redefine the macros |\@specialoutput|, |\@doclearpage|,
% |\@makecol| and |\@reinserts| used by the output routine of \LaTeX\
% so that we may insert the foot bibliography.
% The code is just a patch to the macros defined in the \LaTeXe\ kernel.
% 
% \begin{macro}{\@specialoutput}
% If a foot bibliography is present, |\@specialoutput| must add to
% the height of the page the height plus depth of the foot
% bibliography and the length of the skip above it.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@specialoutput{%
  \ifnum \outputpenalty>-\@Mii
    \@doclearpage
  \else
    \ifnum \outputpenalty<-\@Miii
      \ifnum \outputpenalty<-\@MM \deadcycles \z@ \fi
      \global \setbox\@holdpg \vbox {\unvbox\@cclv}%
    \else
      \global \setbox\@holdpg \vbox{%
                     \unvbox\@holdpg
                     \unvbox\@cclv
                     \setbox\@tempboxa \lastbox
                     \unskip}%
      \@pagedp \dp\@holdpg
      \@pageht \ht\@holdpg
      \unvbox \@holdpg
      \@next\@currbox\@currlist{%
        \ifnum \count\@currbox>\z@
          \advance \@pageht \@pagedp
          \ifvoid\footins \else
            \advance \@pageht \ht\footins
            \advance \@pageht \skip\footins
            \advance \@pageht \dp\footins
          \fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% \begin{FbPatch}{addition}
%    \begin{macrocode}
          \ifvoid\fb@ins\else
            \advance\@pageht\ht\fb@ins
            \advance\@pageht\skip\fb@ins
            \advance\@pageht\dp\fb@ins
          \fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{FbPatch}
%    \begin{macrocode}
          \ifvbox \@kludgeins
            \ifdim \wd\@kludgeins=\z@
              \advance \@pageht \ht\@kludgeins
            \fi
          \fi
          \@reinserts
          \@addtocurcol
        \else
          \@reinserts
          \@addmarginpar
        \fi}%
       \@latexbug
      \ifnum \outputpenalty<\z@
        \if@nobreak 
          \nobreak
        \else
          \addpenalty \interlinepenalty
        \fi
      \fi
    \fi
  \fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@doclearpage}
% The test at the beginning of |\@doclearpage| has been modified so that
% it checks that \emph{both} footnotes and the foot bibliography are empty.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def \@doclearpage {%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \begin{FbPatch}{modification}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%  \ifvoid\footins
  \@tempswatrue
  \ifvoid\footins\else\@tempswafalse\fi
  \ifvoid\fb@ins\else\@tempswafalse\fi
  \if@tempswa
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{FbPatch}
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \ifvbox\@kludgeins
      {\setbox \@tempboxa \box \@kludgeins}%
    \fi
    \setbox\@tempboxa\vsplit\@cclv to\z@ \unvbox\@tempboxa
    \setbox\@tempboxa\box\@cclv
    \xdef\@deferlist{\@toplist\@botlist\@deferlist}%
    \global \let \@toplist \@empty
    \global \let \@botlist \@empty
    \global \@colroom \@colht
    \ifx \@currlist\@empty
    \else
      \@latexerr{Float(s) lost}\@ehb
      \global \let \@currlist \@empty
    \fi
    \@makefcolumn\@deferlist
    \@whilesw\if@fcolmade \fi{\@opcol\@makefcolumn\@deferlist}%
    \if@twocolumn
      \if@firstcolumn
        \xdef\@dbldeferlist{\@dbltoplist\@dbldeferlist}%
        \global \let \@dbltoplist \@empty
        \global \@colht \textheight
        \begingroup
          \@dblfloatplacement
          \@makefcolumn\@dbldeferlist
          \@whilesw\if@fcolmade \fi{\@outputpage\@makefcolumn\@dbldeferlist}%
        \endgroup
      \else
        \vbox{}\clearpage
      \fi
    \fi
  \else
    \setbox\@cclv\vbox{\box\@cclv\vfil}%
    \@makecol\@opcol
    \clearpage
  \fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@makecol}
% In addition to footnotes (if any), |\@makecol| must add the foot
% bibliography to the page. It is added immediately below the footnotes.
% The test at the beginning of |\@makecol| has been modified in the same
% way as in |\@doclearpage|
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def \@makecol {%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \begin{FbPatch}{modification}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%  \ifvoid\footins
  \@tempswatrue
  \ifvoid\footins\else\@tempswafalse\fi
  \ifvoid\fb@ins\else\@tempswafalse\fi
  \if@tempswa
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{FbPatch}
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \setbox\@outputbox \box\@cclv
  \else
    \setbox\@outputbox \vbox {%
      \boxmaxdepth \@maxdepth
      \unvbox \@cclv
%    \end{macrocode}
% \begin{FbPatch}{addition}
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \ifvoid\footins \else
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{FbPatch}
%    \begin{macrocode}
        \vskip \skip\footins
        \color@begingroup
          \normalcolor
          \footnoterule
          \unvbox \footins
        \color@endgroup
%    \end{macrocode}
% \begin{FbPatch}{addition}
%    \begin{macrocode}
      \fi
      \ifvoid\fb@ins\else
        \vskip\skip\fb@ins
        \color@begingroup
          \normalcolor
          \footbibrule
          \unvbox\fb@ins
        \color@endgroup
      \fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{FbPatch}
%    \begin{macrocode}
      }%
  \fi
  \let\@elt\relax
  \xdef\@freelist{\@freelist\@midlist}%
  \global \let \@midlist \@empty
  \@combinefloats
  \ifvbox\@kludgeins
    \@makespecialcolbox
  \else
    \setbox\@outputbox \vbox to\@colht {%
      \@texttop
      \dimen@ \dp\@outputbox
      \unvbox \@outputbox
      \vskip -\dimen@
      \@textbottom}%
  \fi
  \global \maxdepth \@maxdepth}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@reinserts}
% The macro |\@reinsert| was modified to reinsert also the foot
% bibliography after float processing. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@reinserts{%
  \ifvoid\footins\else\insert\footins{\unvbox\footins}\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% \begin{FbPatch}{addition}
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \ifvoid\fb@ins\else\insert\fb@ins{\unvbox\fb@ins}\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{FbPatch}
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \ifvbox\@kludgeins\insert\@kludgeins{\unvbox\@kludgeins}\fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\endinput
%</package>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \Finale