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</head><body
>
<!--l. 59--><p class="noindent" ><a
id="top"></a>
</p><!--l. 59--><p class="indent" >
</p><!--l. 59--><p class="indent" >
</p>
<div class="center"
>
<!--l. 59--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 59--><p class="noindent" ><span
class="cmr-17">The glossaries package v4.46: a guide for</span>
<span
class="cmr-17">beginners</span>
</p>
<div class="tabular"> <table id="TBL-1" class="tabular"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
><colgroup id="TBL-1-1g"><col
id="TBL-1-1" /></colgroup><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-1-1-"><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-1-1-1"
class="td11"> <span
class="cmr-12">Nicola L.C. Talbot </span></td>
</tr><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-1-2-"><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-1-2-1"
class="td11"> <a
href="https://www.dickimaw-books.com/" ><span
class="cmtt-12">dickimaw-books.com</span></a> </td></tr></table>
</div>
<!--l. 59--><p class="noindent" ><span
class="cmr-12">2020-03-19</span></p></div>
<div
class="abstract"
>
<div class="center"
>
<!--l. 61--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 61--><p class="noindent" ><span
class="cmbx-9">Abstract</span></p></div>
<!--l. 62--><p class="indent" > <span
class="cmr-9">The </span><span
class="cmss-9">glossaries </span><span
class="cmr-9">package is very flexible, but this means that it has a</span><span
class="cmr-9"> lot</span>
<span
class="cmr-9">of options, and since a user guide is supposed to provide a complete list</span>
<span
class="cmr-9">of all the high-level user commands, the main user manual is quite big.</span>
<span
class="cmr-9">This can be rather daunting for beginners, so this document is a brief</span>
<span
class="cmr-9">introduction just to help get you started. If you find yourself saying, “Yeah,</span>
<span
class="cmr-9">but how can I do</span><span
class="cmr-9">…?” then it’s time to move on to the </span><a
href="glossaries-user.html" ><span
class="cmr-9">main user manual</span></a><span
class="cmr-9">.</span>
</p><!--l. 71--><p class="indent" > <span
class="cmr-9">I’ve made some statements in this document that don’t actually tell</span>
<span
class="cmr-9">you the full truth, but it would clutter the document and cause confusion</span>
<span
class="cmr-9">if I keep writing “except when </span><span
class="cmr-9">…” or “but you can also do this, that or</span>
<span
class="cmr-9">the other” or “you can do it this way but you can also do it that way, but</span>
<span
class="cmr-9">that way may cause complications under certain circumstances”.</span>
</p>
</div>
<h3 class="likesectionHead"><a
id="x1-1000"></a>Contents</h3>
<div class="tableofcontents">
<span class="sectionToc" >1 <a
href="#sec:start" id="QQ2-1-2">Getting Started</a></span>
<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >2 <a
href="#sec:defterm" id="QQ2-1-3">Defining Terms</a></span>
<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >3 <a
href="#sec:useterm" id="QQ2-1-4">Using Entries</a></span>
<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >4 <a
href="#sec:printglossaries" id="QQ2-1-5">Displaying a List of Entries</a></span>
<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >5 <a
href="#sec:glosstyle" id="QQ2-1-7">Customising the Glossary</a></span>
<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >6 <a
href="#sec:multigloss" id="QQ2-1-8">Multiple Glossaries</a></span>
<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >7 <a
href="#sec:hyperref" id="QQ2-1-9">glossaries and hyperref</a></span>
<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >8 <a
href="#sec:xr" id="QQ2-1-10">Cross-References</a></span>
<br /> <span class="sectionToc" >9 <a
href="#sec:moreinfo" id="QQ2-1-11">Further Information</a></span>
</div>
<!--l. 81--><p class="noindent" >
</p>
<!--l. 81--><p class="noindent" ><a
href="#top">Top</a><h2 class="sectionHead"></p><h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">1 </span> <a
id="sec:start"></a>Getting Started</h3>
<!--l. 84--><p class="noindent" >As with all packages, you need to load <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries </span>with <span
class="cmtt-10">\usepackage</span>, but
there are certain packages that must be loaded before <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span>, <span
class="cmti-10">if </span>they are
required: <span
class="cmss-10">hyperref</span><a
id="dx1-2001"></a>, <span
class="cmss-10">babel</span><a
id="dx1-2002"></a>, <span
class="cmss-10">polyglossia</span><a
id="dx1-2003"></a>, <span
class="cmss-10">inputenc</span><a
id="dx1-2004"></a> and <span
class="cmss-10">fontenc</span><a
id="dx1-2005"></a>. (You don’t have
to load these packages, but if you want them, you must load them before
<span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span>.)
</p><!--l. 91--><p class="indent" > <div class="important" title="Important Note"> If you require multilingual support you must also install the relevant
language module. Each language module is called <span
class="cmtt-10">glossaries-</span>⟨<span
class="cmti-10">language</span>⟩, where
⟨<span
class="cmti-10">language</span>⟩ is the root language name. For example, <span
class="cmtt-10">glossaries-french </span>or
<span
class="cmtt-10">glossaries-german</span>. If a language module is required, the <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries </span>package will
automatically try to load it and will give a warning if the module isn’t found.
</div>
</p><!--l. 99--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 101--><p class="indent" > Once you have loaded <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span>, you need to define your terms in the
preamble and then you can use them throughout the document. Here’s a simple
example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-1">
 \documentclass{article}
 <br /> \usepackage{glossaries}
 <br /> \newglossaryentry{ex}{name={sample},description={an example}}
 <br /> \begin{document}
 <br /> Here's my \gls{ex} term.
 <br /> \end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 114--><p class="nopar" > This produces:
</p><div class="quote">
<!--l. 117--><p class="noindent" >Here’s my sample term.</p></div>
<!--l. 119--><p class="noindent" >Here’s another example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-2">
 \documentclass{article}
 <br /> \usepackage{glossaries}
 <br /> \setacronymstyle{long-short}
 <br /> \newacronym{svm}{SVM}{support vector machine}
 <br /> \begin{document}
 <br /> First use: \gls{svm}. Second use: \gls{svm}.
 <br /> \end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 132--><p class="nopar" > This produces:
</p><div class="quote">
<!--l. 135--><p class="noindent" >First use: support vector machine (SVM). Second use: SVM.</p></div>
<!--l. 137--><p class="noindent" >In this case, the text produced by <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\gls{svm}</span></span></span> changed after the first use. The first use
produced the long form followed by the short form in parentheses because I set the
acronym style to <span
class="cmtt-10">long-short</span>. I suggest you try the above two examples to
make sure you have the package correctly installed. If you get an <span
class="cmtt-10">undefined</span>
<span
class="cmtt-10">control sequence </span>error, check that the version number at the top of this
document matches the version you have installed. (Open the <span
class="cmtt-10">.log </span>file and search
for the line that starts with <span
class="cmtt-10">Package: glossaries </span>followed by a date and
version.)
</p><!--l. 148--><p class="indent" > <div class="important" title="Important Note"> Be careful of fragile commands. If a command causes a problem when used in one
of the <span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossaryentry </span>fields, consider adding <span
class="cmtt-10">\glsnoexpandfields </span>before you
start defining your entries. </div>
</p><!--l. 152--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 154--><p class="indent" > Abbreviations are slightly different if you use the extension package <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-2006"></a>
(which needs to be installed separately):
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-3">
 \documentclass{article}
 <br /> \usepackage{glossaries-extra}
 <br /> \setabbreviationstyle{long-short}% glossaries-extra.sty
 <br /> \newabbreviation{svm}{SVM}{support vector machine}% glossaries-extra.sty
 <br /> \begin{document}
 <br /> First use: \gls{svm}. Second use: \gls{svm}.
 <br /> \end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 168--><p class="nopar" > Since <span
class="cmtt-10">long-short </span>happens to be the default for <span
class="cmtt-10">\newabbreviation </span>(if you haven’t
set the <span
class="cmtt-10">category </span>key) you may omit the <span
class="cmtt-10">\setabbreviationstyle </span>line in this
example.
</p><!--l. 173--><p class="indent" > If you still want to use <span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym </span>(rather than <span
class="cmtt-10">\newabbreviation</span>) then you
need the optional argument of <span
class="cmtt-10">\setabbreviationstyle</span>:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-4">
 \documentclass{article}
 <br /> \usepackage{glossaries-extra}
 <br /> \setabbreviationstyle[acronym]{long-short}% glossaries-extra.sty only
 <br /> \newacronym{svm}{SVM}{support vector machine}
 <br /> \begin{document}
 <br /> First use: \gls{svm}. Second use: \gls{svm}.
 <br /> \end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 188--><p class="nopar" > In this example, if you omit the <span
class="cmtt-10">\setabbreviationstyle </span>line you will notice a
difference because the <span
class="cmtt-10">short-nolong </span>style (not the <span
class="cmtt-10">long-short </span>style) is the default
with <span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym</span>. With the <span
class="cmtt-10">short-nolong </span>style the first use simply shows just the
short form.
</p><!--l. 195--><p class="indent" > <div class="important" title="Important Note"> You can’t use <span
class="cmtt-10">\setacronymstyle </span>with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-2007"></a>. </div>
</p><!--l. 197--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 199--><p class="indent" > If you like, you can put all your definitions in another file (for example,
<span
class="cmtt-10">defns.tex</span>) and load that file in the preamble using <span
class="cmtt-10">\loadglsentries </span>with the
filename as the argument. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-5">
\loadglsentries{defns}
</div>
<!--l. 204--><p class="nopar" > If you find you have a really large number of definitions that are hard to manage in a
<span
class="cmtt-10">.tex </span>file, you might want to have a look at <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-2008"></a> (installed separately) which
requires a <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>format instead that can be managed by an application such as
JabRef.
</p><!--l. 211--><p class="indent" > Don’t try inserting formatting commands into the definitions as they can interfere
with the underlying mechanism. Instead, the formatting should be done by the
style. For example, suppose I want to replace <span
class="cmtt-10">SVM </span>with <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\textsc{svm}</span></span></span>, then
I need to select a style that uses <span
class="cmtt-10">\textsc</span>, like this (for the base <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span>
style):
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-6">
 \documentclass{article}
 <br /> \usepackage{glossaries}
 <br /> \setacronymstyle{long-sc-short}
 <br /> \newacronym{svm}{svm}{support vector machine}
 <br /> \begin{document}
 <br /> First use: \gls{svm}. Second use: \gls{svm}.
 <br /> \end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 229--><p class="nopar" > The abbreviation styles have a different naming scheme with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-2009"></a>:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-7">
 \documentclass{article}
 <br /> \usepackage{glossaries-extra}
 <br /> \setabbreviationstyle{long-short-sc}% glossaries-extra.sty
 <br /> \newabbreviation{svm}{svm}{support vector machine}% glossaries-extra.sty
 <br /> \begin{document}
 <br /> First use: \gls{svm}. Second use: \gls{svm}.
 <br /> \end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 244--><p class="nopar" > With <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-2010"></a> you can have multiple abbreviation styles for different
categories. Many of these styles have their own associated formatting commands that
can be redefined for minor adjustments. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-8">
 \documentclass{article}
 <br /> \usepackage{glossaries-extra}
 <br /> \setabbreviationstyle[statistical]{long-short-sc}
 <br /> \setabbreviationstyle[bacteria]{long-only-short-only}
 <br /> % Formatting commands used by 'long-only-short-only' style:
 <br /> \renewcommand*{\glsabbrvonlyfont}[1]{\emph{#1}}
 <br /> \renewcommand*{\glslongonlyfont}[1]{\emph{#1}}
 <br /> % Formatting command used by 'long-short-sc' style:
 <br /> % (make sure abbreviation is converted to lower case)
 <br /> \renewcommand*{\glsabbrvscfont}[1]{\textsc{\MakeLowercase{#1}}}
 <br /> \newabbreviation
 <br />  [
 <br />    category={statistical}% glossaries-extra.sty key
 <br />  ]
 <br />  {svm}{SVM}{support vector machine}
 <br /> \newabbreviation
 <br />  [
 <br />    category={bacteria}% glossaries-extra.sty key
 <br />  ]
 <br />  {cbot}{C.~botulinum}{Clostridium botulinum}
 <br /> \begin{document}
 <br /> First use: \gls{svm}, \gls{cbot}.
 <br /> Next use: \gls{svm}, \gls{cbot}.
 <br /> \end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 282--><p class="nopar" > This produces:
</p><div class="quote">
<!--l. 285--><p class="noindent" >First use: support vector machine (<span
class="cmcsc-10"><span
class="small-caps">s</span><span
class="small-caps">v</span><span
class="small-caps">m</span></span>), <span
class="cmti-10">Clostridium botulinum</span>.
</p><!--l. 288--><p class="noindent" >Next use: <span
class="cmcsc-10"><span
class="small-caps">s</span><span
class="small-caps">v</span><span
class="small-caps">m</span></span>, <span
class="cmti-10">C.</span><span
class="cmti-10"> botulinum</span>.</p></div>
<!--l. 291--><p class="indent" > As you can hopefully see from the above examples, there are two main ways of
defining a term: as a general entry (<span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossaryentry</span>) or as an abbreviation
(<span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym </span>or, with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-2011"></a>, <span
class="cmtt-10">\newabbreviation</span>).
</p><!--l. 296--><p class="indent" > Regardless of the method of defining a term, the term is always given a
label. In the first example, the label was <span
class="cmtt-10">ex </span>and in the other examples the
label was <span
class="cmtt-10">svm </span>(and <span
class="cmtt-10">cbot </span>in the last example). The label is used to uniquely
identify the term (like the standard <span
class="cmtt-10">\label</span>/<span
class="cmtt-10">\ref </span>or <span
class="cmtt-10">\cite </span>mechanism).
It’s best to just use the following alphanumerics in the labels: <span
class="cmtt-10">a</span>, …, <span
class="cmtt-10">z</span>, <span
class="cmtt-10">A</span>, …,
<span
class="cmtt-10">Z</span>, <span
class="cmtt-10">0</span>, …, <span
class="cmtt-10">9</span>. Sometimes you can also use punctuation characters but not if
another package (such as <span
class="cmss-10">babel</span><a
id="dx1-2012"></a>) makes them active. Don’t try using any
characters outside of the basic Latin set with <span
class="cmss-10">inputenc</span><a
id="dx1-2013"></a> (for example, é or ß)
or things will go horribly wrong. This warning only applies to the label.
It doesn’t apply to the text that appears in the document. If you really
need UTF-8 characters in your labels then you’ll need to use XeLaTeX or
LuaLaTeX.
</p><!--l. 313--><p class="indent" > <div class="important" title="Important Note"> Don’t use <span
class="cmtt-10">\gls </span>in chapter or section headings as it can have some unpleasant
side-effects. Instead use <span
class="cmtt-10">\glsentrytext </span>for regular entries and one of <span
class="cmtt-10">\glsentryshort</span>,
<span
class="cmtt-10">\glsentrylong </span>or <span
class="cmtt-10">\glsentryfull </span>for acronyms. Alternatively use <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-2014"></a>
which provides special commands for use in section headings and captions, such as
<span
class="cmtt-10">\glsfmtshort{</span>⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}</span>. </div>
</p><!--l. 320--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 322--><p class="indent" > The above examples are reasonably straightforward. The difficulty comes if you
want to display a <span
class="cmti-10">sorted </span>list of all the entries you have used in the document. The
<span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-2015"></a> package provides a really easy way of listing all the defined
entries:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-9">
 \documentclass{article}
 <br /> \usepackage[sort=none]{glossaries-extra}
 <br /> \newglossaryentry{potato}{name={potato},plural={potatoes},
 <br />  description={starchy tuber}}
 <br /> \newglossaryentry{cabbage}{name={cabbage},
 <br />  description={vegetable with thick green or purple leaves}}
 <br /> \newglossaryentry{turnip}{name={turnip},
 <br />  description={round pale root vegetable}}
 <br /> \newglossaryentry{carrot}{name={carrot},
 <br />  description={orange root}}
 <br /> \begin{document}
 <br /> Chop the \gls{cabbage}, \glspl{potato} and \glspl{carrot}.
 <br /> \printunsrtglossaries % list all entries
 <br /> \end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 348--><p class="nopar" > However this method doesn’t sort the entries (they’re listed in order of definition)
and it will display all the defined entries, regardless of whether or not you’ve used
them all in the document, so “turnip” appears in the glossary even though there’s no
<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\gls{turnip}</span></span></span> (or similar) in the document.
</p><!--l. 355--><p class="indent" > The <span
class="cmss-10">sort</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">none</span><a
id="dx1-2016"></a> option isn’t essential in this case (there’s no other sort option
available for this document), but it prevents the automatic construction of the sort
value and so slightly improves the document build time.
</p><!--l. 360--><p class="indent" > Note that this example document uses the same command (<span
class="cmtt-10">\printunsrtglossaries</span>)
that’s used with <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-2017"></a> (<a
href="#option4">Option 4</a>) but with <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-2018"></a> you instead need to use the
<span
class="cmss-10">record</span><a
id="dx1-2019"></a> package option and one or more instances of <span
class="cmtt-10">\GlsXtrLoadResources </span>in the
preamble (see below).
</p><!--l. 366--><p class="indent" > Most users prefer to have an automatically sorted list that only contains entries
that have been used in the document. The <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries </span>package provides three
options: use TeX to perform the sorting (<a
href="#option1">Option 1</a>); use <span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-2020"></a> to perform
the sorting (<a
href="#option2">Option 2</a>); use <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-2021"></a> to perform the sorting (<a
href="#option3">Option 3</a>). The
extension package <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-2022"></a> provides a fourth method: use <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-2023"></a>
(<a
href="#option4">Option 4</a>).
</p><!--l. 374--><p class="indent" > The first option (using TeX) is the simplest method, as it doesn’t require an
external tool, but it’s very inefficient and the sorting is done according to lower case
character code (which matches basic Latin alphabets, such as English, but
not extended Latin alphabets, such as Icelandic). To use this method, add
<span
class="cmtt-10">\makenoidxglossaries </span>to the preamble and put <span
class="cmtt-10">\printnoidxglossaries </span>at the
place where you want your glossary. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-10">
 \documentclass{article}
 <br /> \usepackage{glossaries}
 <br /> \makenoidxglossaries % use TeX to sort
 <br /> \newglossaryentry{potato}{name={potato},plural={potatoes},
 <br />  description={starchy tuber}}
 <br /> \newglossaryentry{cabbage}{name={cabbage},
 <br />  description={vegetable with thick green or purple leaves}}
 <br /> \newglossaryentry{turnip}{name={turnip},
 <br />  description={round pale root vegetable}}
 <br /> \newglossaryentry{carrot}{name={carrot},
 <br />  description={orange root}}
 <br /> \begin{document}
 <br /> Chop the \gls{cabbage}, \glspl{potato} and \glspl{carrot}.
 <br /> \printnoidxglossaries
 <br /> \end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 406--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 408--><p class="indent" > <div class="important" title="Important Note"> The <span
class="cmtt-10">\makenoidxglossaries </span>method is very slow, uses an ASCII comparator and
often breaks if there are commands in the <span
class="cmtt-10">name </span>key. See <a
href="https://www.dickimaw-books.com/gallery/glossaries-performance.shtml" >Glossaries Performance</a> for a
comparison. </div>
</p><!--l. 414--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 416--><p class="indent" > Try this out and run LaTeX (or pdfLaTeX) <span
class="cmti-10">twice</span>. The first run won’t show the
glossary. It will only appear on the second run. This doesn’t include “turnip” in the
glossary because that term hasn’t been used (with commands like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\gls{turnip}</span></span></span>) in
the document.
</p><!--l. 421--><p class="indent" > The glossary has a vertical gap between the “carrot” term and the “potato” term.
This is because the entries in the glossaries are grouped according to their
first letter. If you don’t want this gap, just add <span
class="cmss-10">nogroupskip</span><a
id="dx1-2024"></a> to the package
options:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-11">
\usepackage[nogroupskip]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 427--><p class="nopar" > or you may want to try out a style that shows the group headings:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-12">
\usepackage[style=indexgroup]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 431--><p class="nopar" > If you try out this example you may also notice that the description is followed by a
full stop (period) and a number. The number is the location in the document where
the entry was used (page 1 in this case), so you can lookup the term in the glossary
and be directed to the relevant pages. It may be that you don’t want this
back-reference, in which case you can suppress it using the <span
class="cmss-10">nonumberlist</span><a
id="dx1-2025"></a> package
option:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-13">
\usepackage[nonumberlist]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 441--><p class="nopar" > If you don’t like the terminating full stop, you can suppress that with the <span
class="cmss-10">nopostdot</span><a
id="dx1-2026"></a>
package option:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-14">
\usepackage[nopostdot]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 446--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 448--><p class="indent" > If you try out the earlier example with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-2027"></a> and <span
class="cmtt-10">\printunsrtglossaries</span>
you may notice that the terminating full stop is missing and there are no number
lists. You can add the full stop back with
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-15">
\usepackage[nopostdot=false]{glossaries-extra}
</div>
<!--l. 453--><p class="nopar" > or
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-16">
\usepackage[postdot]{glossaries-extra}
</div>
<!--l. 457--><p class="nopar" > If you want the number lists then you need to use an indexing option.
</p><!--l. 460--><p class="indent" > You may have noticed that I’ve used another command in the above examples:
<span
class="cmtt-10">\glspl</span>. This displays the plural form. By default, this is just the singular form with
the letter “s” appended, but in the case of “potato” I had to specify the correct
plural using the <span
class="cmtt-10">plural </span>key.
</p><!--l. 466--><p class="indent" > As I mentioned earlier, using TeX to sort the entries is the simplest but least
efficient method. If you have a large glossary or if your terms contain non-Latin or
extended Latin characters, then you will have a much faster build time if you use
<span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-2028"></a> (<a
href="#option2">Option 2</a>) or <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-2029"></a> (<a
href="#option3">Option 3</a>) or <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-2030"></a> (<a
href="#option4">Option 4</a>). If you are using
extended Latin or non-Latin characters, then <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-2031"></a> or <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-2032"></a> are the
recommended methods. These methods are described in more detail in <a
href="#sec:printglossaries"><span
class="tcrm-1000">§</span>4 </a><a
href="#sec:printglossaries">Displaying
a List of Entries<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:printglossaries --></a>.
</p><!--l. 476--><p class="indent" > The rest of this document briefly describes the main commands provided by the
<span
class="cmss-10">glossaries </span>package. (Most of these are also available with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-2033"></a> but may
behave slightly differently.)
</p><!--l. 481--><p class="noindent" >
</p>
<!--l. 481--><p class="noindent" ><a
href="#top">Top</a><h2 class="sectionHead"></p><h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">2 </span> <a
id="sec:defterm"></a>Defining Terms</h3>
<!--l. 484--><p class="noindent" >When you use the <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span><a
id="dx1-3001"></a> package, you need to define glossary entries in the
document preamble. These entries could be a word, phrase, abbreviation or symbol.
They’re usually accompanied by a description, which could be a short sentence or an
in-depth explanation that spans multiple paragraphs. The simplest method of
defining an entry is to use:
</p><!--l. 491--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"></p><div class="alltt">
<div class="obeylines-v">
<span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossaryentry{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}</span>
<br /><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{</span></span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> name={</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">name</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">},</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> description={</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">description</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">},</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">other</span><span
class="cmitt-10"> options</span>⟩
<br /><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">}</span></span>
</div>
</div> </div><hr>
<!--l. 499--><p class="noindent" >
where ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label</span>⟩ is a unique label that identifies this entry. (Don’t include the angle
brackets ⟨ ⟩. They just indicate the parts of the code you need to change when you use
this command in your document.) The ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">name</span>⟩ is the word, phrase or symbol
you are defining, and ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">description</span>⟩ is the description to be displayed in the
glossary.
</p><!--l. 507--><p class="indent" > This command is a “short” command, which means that ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">description</span>⟩ can’t
contain a paragraph break. If you have a long description, you can instead
use:
</p><!--l. 511--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"></p><div class="alltt">
<div class="obeylines-v">
<span
class="cmtt-10">\longnewglossaryentry{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}</span>
<br /><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{</span></span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> name={</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">name</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">},</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">other</span><span
class="cmitt-10"> options</span>⟩
<br /><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">}</span></span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10">{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">description</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}</span>
</div>
</div> </div><hr>
<!--l. 519--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 521--><p class="indent" > Examples:
</p><ol class="enumerate1" >
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-3003x1">Define the term “set” with the label <span
class="cmtt-10">set</span>:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-17">
\newglossaryentry{set}
 <br />{
 <br />  name={set},
 <br />  description={a collection of objects}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 530--><p class="nopar" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-3005x2">Define the symbol <span
class="cmsy-10">∅ </span>with the label <span
class="cmtt-10">emptyset</span>:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-18">
\newglossaryentry{emptyset}
 <br />{
 <br />  name={\ensuremath{\emptyset}},
 <br />  description={the empty set}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 540--><p class="nopar" > (This will also need a <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>key if you use Options <a
href="#option1">1</a> or <a
href="#option3">3</a>, see below.)
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-3007x3">Define the phrase “Fish Age” with the label <span
class="cmtt-10">fishage</span>:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-19">
\longnewglossaryentry{fishage}
 <br />{name={Fish Age}}
 <br />{%
 <br />  A common name for the Devonian geologic period
 <br />  spanning from the end of the Silurian Period to
 <br />  the beginning of the Carboniferous Period.
 <br />  This age was known for its remarkable variety of
 <br />  fish species.
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 557--><p class="nopar" > (The percent character discards the end of line character that would otherwise
cause an unwanted space to appear at the start of the description.)
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-3009x4">Take care if the first letter is an extended Latin or non-Latin character (either
specified via a command such as <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\’e</span></span></span> or explicitly via the <span
class="cmss-10">inputenc</span><a
id="dx1-3010"></a> package such
as <span
class="cmtt-10">é</span>). This first letter must be placed in a group:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-20">
\newglossaryentry{elite}
 <br />{
 <br />  name={{\'e}lite},
 <br />  description={select group or class}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 573--><p class="nopar" > or </p><div class="alltt">
<div class="obeylines-v">
<span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossaryentry{elite}</span></span>
<br /><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{</span></span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> name=</span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{{</span></span><span
class="cmtt-10">é</span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">}lite}</span></span><span
class="cmtt-10">,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> description=</span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{select</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> group</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> or</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> class}</span></span>
<br /><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">}</span></span>
</div>
</div></li></ol>
<!--l. 583--><p class="noindent" >(This isn’t necessary for UTF-8 characters with XeLaTeX or LuaLaTeX. For further
details, see the section “UTF-8” of the <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/mfirstuc" ><span
class="cmss-10">mfirstuc</span></a> user manual.)
</p><!--l. 587--><p class="indent" > If you use <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-3011"></a> with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-3012"></a> then the terms must be defined in a <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib</span>
file. For example: </p><div class="alltt">
<div class="obeylines-v">
<span
class="cmtt-10">%</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> Encoding:</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> UTF-8</span>
<br />
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10">@entry</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">set,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> name=</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">set</span><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span><span
class="cmtt-10">,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> description=</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">a</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> collection</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> of</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> objects</span><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>
<br /><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>
<br />
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10">@entry</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">emptyset,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> name=</span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{\ensuremath{\emptyset}}</span></span><span
class="cmtt-10">,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> description=</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">the</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> empty</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> set</span><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>
<br /><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>
<br />
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10">@entry</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">fishage,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> name=</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">Fish</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> Age</span><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span><span
class="cmtt-10">,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> description=</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">A</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> common</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> name</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> for</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> the</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> Devonian</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> geologic</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> period</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> spanning</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> from</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> the</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> end</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> of</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> the</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> Silurian</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> Period</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> to</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> the</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> beginning</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> of</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> the</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> Carboniferous</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> Period.</span>
<br />
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> This</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> age</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> was</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> known</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> for</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> its</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> remarkable</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> variety</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> of</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> fish</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> species.</span><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>
<br /><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>
<br />
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10">@entry</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">elite,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> name=</span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{{</span></span><span
class="cmtt-10">é</span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">}lite}</span></span><span
class="cmtt-10">,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> description=</span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{select</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> group</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> or</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> class}</span></span>
<br /><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>
</div>
</div> (The <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>format doesn’t allow spaces in labels so you can’t have <span
class="cmtt-10">fish age </span>as the
label, but you can have <span
class="cmtt-10">fish-age</span>.) This method requires the <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-3013"></a>’s <span
class="cmss-10">record</span><a
id="dx1-3014"></a>
package option:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-21">
\usepackage[record]{glossaries-extra}
</div>
<!--l. 624--><p class="nopar" > and the <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>file is specified in the resource command. For example, if the
<span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>file is called <span
class="cmtt-10">entries.bib </span>then put the following line in the document
preamble:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-22">
\GlsXtrLoadResources[src={entries}]
</div>
<!--l. 630--><p class="nopar" > You can have a comma-separated list. For example, if you also have entries defined
in the file <span
class="cmtt-10">entries2.bib</span>:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-23">
\GlsXtrLoadResources[src={entries,entries2}]
</div>
<!--l. 635--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 637--><p class="indent" > There are other keys you can use when you define an entry. For example, the <span
class="cmtt-10">name</span>
key indicates how the term should appear in the list of entries (glossary), but if the
term should appear differently when you reference it with <span
class="cmtt-10">\gls{</span>⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span>in the
document, you need to use the <span
class="cmtt-10">text </span>key as well.
</p><!--l. 643--><p class="indent" > For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-24">
\newglossaryentry{latinalph}
 <br />{
 <br />  name={Latin Alphabet},
 <br />  text={Latin alphabet},
 <br />  description={alphabet consisting of the letters
 <br />  a, \ldots, z, A, \ldots, Z}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 652--><p class="nopar" > This will appear in the text as “Latin alphabet” but will be listed in the glossary
as “Latin Alphabet”. With <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-3015"></a> this entry is defined in the <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>file
as:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-25">
@entry{latinalph,
 <br />  name={Latin Alphabet},
 <br />  text={Latin alphabet},
 <br />  description={alphabet consisting of the letters
 <br />  a, \ldots, z, A, \ldots, Z}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 664--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 666--><p class="indent" > Another commonly used key is <span
class="cmtt-10">plural </span>for specifying the plural of the term. This
defaults to the value of the <span
class="cmtt-10">text </span>key with an “s” appended, but if this is incorrect,
just use the <span
class="cmtt-10">plural </span>key to override it:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-26">
\newglossaryentry{oesophagus}
 <br />{
 <br />  name={{\oe}sophagus},
 <br />  plural={{\oe}sophagi},
 <br />  description={canal from mouth to stomach}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 677--><p class="nopar" > (Remember from earlier that the initial ligature <span
class="cmtt-10">\oe </span>needs to be grouped.)
</p><!--l. 681--><p class="indent" > Abbreviations can be defined using:
</p><!--l. 683--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym[</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">options</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">]{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">short</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">long</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 684--><p class="noindent" >
where ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label</span>⟩ is the label (as per <span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossaryentry</span>), ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">short</span>⟩ is the short form and
⟨<span
class="cmti-10">long</span>⟩ is the long form. For example, the following defines an abbreviation:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-27">
\newacronym{svm}{SVM}{support vector machine}
</div>
<!--l. 691--><p class="nopar" > This internally uses <span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossaryentry </span>to define an entry with the label <span
class="cmtt-10">svm</span>. By
default, the <span
class="cmtt-10">name </span>key is set to ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">short</span>⟩ (“SVM” in the above example) and the
<span
class="cmtt-10">description </span>key is set to ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">long</span>⟩ (“support vector machine” in the above example). If,
instead, you want to be able to specify your own description you can do this using
the optional argument:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-28">
\newacronym
 <br /> [description={statistical pattern recognition technique}]
 <br /> {svm}{SVM}{support vector machine}
</div>
<!--l. 703--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 705--><p class="indent" > Before you define your acronyms (or other types of abbreviations), you need to
specify which style to use with:
</p><!--l. 708--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\setacronymstyle{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">style name</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 709--><p class="noindent" >
where ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">style name</span>⟩ is the name of the style. There are a number of predefined styles,
such as: <span
class="cmtt-10">long-short </span>(on first use display the long form with the short form in
parentheses); <span
class="cmtt-10">short-long </span>(on first use display the short form with the long form in
parentheses); <span
class="cmtt-10">long-short-desc </span>(like <span
class="cmtt-10">long-short </span>but you need to specify the
description); or <span
class="cmtt-10">short-long-desc </span>(like <span
class="cmtt-10">short-long </span>but you need to specify the
description). There are some other styles as well that use <span
class="cmtt-10">\textsc </span>to typeset the
acronym or that use a footnote on first use. See the main user guide for further
details.
</p><!--l. 721--><p class="indent" > The <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-3016"></a> package provides improved abbreviation handling with <a
href="http://www.dickimaw-books.com/gallery/sample-abbr-styles.shtml" >a lot
more predefined styles</a>. With this extension package, abbreviations are defined
using:
</p><!--l. 725--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\newabbreviation[</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">options</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">]{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">short</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">long</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 726--><p class="noindent" >
You can still use <span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym </span>but it’s redefined to use the new abbreviation
interface. The style must now be set using:
</p><!--l. 730--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\setabbreviationstyle[</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">category</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">]{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">style name</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 731--><p class="noindent" >
The default ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">category</span>⟩ is <span
class="cmtt-10">abbreviation</span>. If you use <span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym </span>the category is
<span
class="cmtt-10">acronym</span>, which is why you need to use the optional argument if you define
abbreviations with <span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym </span>when <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-3017"></a> has been loaded: </p><div class="alltt">
<div class="obeylines-v">
<span
class="cmtt-10">\setabbreviationstyle[acronym]{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">style</span><span
class="cmitt-10"> name</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}</span>
</div>
</div> If you use <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-3018"></a> then abbreviations are defined in the <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>file in the format:
<div class="alltt">
<div class="obeylines-v">
<span
class="cmtt-10">@abbreviation</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> long={</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">long</span><span
class="cmitt-10"> form</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">},</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> short={</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">short</span><span
class="cmitt-10"> form</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}</span>
<br /><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>
</div>
</div>
<!--l. 748--><p class="indent" > The plural forms for abbreviations can be specified using the <span
class="cmtt-10">longplural </span>and
<span
class="cmtt-10">shortplural </span>keys. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-29">
\newacronym
 <br /> [longplural={diagonal matrices}]
 <br /> {dm}{DM}{diagonal matrix}
</div>
<!--l. 754--><p class="nopar" > or (with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-3019"></a>):
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-30">
\newabbreviation % glossaries-extra.sty
 <br /> [longplural={diagonal matrices}]
 <br /> {dm}{DM}{diagonal matrix}
</div>
<!--l. 760--><p class="nopar" > If omitted, the defaults are again obtained by appending an “s” to the singular
versions. With <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-3020"></a>, the definition in the <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>file is:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-31">
@abbreviation{dm,
 <br />  short={DM},
 <br />  long={diagonal matrix},
 <br />  longplural={diagonal matrices}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 770--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 772--><p class="indent" > It’s also possible to have both a name and a corresponding symbol.
Just use the <span
class="cmtt-10">name </span>key for the name and the <span
class="cmtt-10">symbol </span>key for the symbol. For
example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-32">
\newglossaryentry{emptyset}
 <br />{
 <br />  name={empty set},
 <br />  symbol={\ensuremath{\emptyset}},
 <br />  description={the set containing no elements}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 782--><p class="nopar" > or with <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-3021"></a> the definition in the <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>file is:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-33">
@entry{emptyset,
 <br />  name={empty set},
 <br />  symbol={\ensuremath{\emptyset}},
 <br />  description={the set containing no elements}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 790--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 792--><p class="indent" > If you want the symbol in the <span
class="cmtt-10">name </span>field then you must supply a <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>value with
Options <a
href="#option1">1</a> and <a
href="#option3">3</a> otherwise you’ll end up with errors from TeX or <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-3022"></a>. With
<a
href="#option2">Option 2</a> (<span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-3023"></a>) it’s not quite so important but you may find the resulting
order is a little odd. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-34">
\newglossaryentry{emptyset}
 <br />{
 <br />  name={\ensuremath{\emptyset}},
 <br />  sort={empty set},
 <br />  description={the set containing no elements}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 804--><p class="nopar" > This displays the symbol as <span
class="cmsy-10">∅ </span>but sorts according to “empty set”. You
may want to consider using <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-3024"></a>’s <span
class="cmss-10">symbols</span><a
id="dx1-3025"></a> package option which
provides
</p><!--l. 810--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\glsxtrnewsymbol[</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">options</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">]{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">symbol</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 811--><p class="noindent" >
This internally uses <span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossaryentry </span>but automatically sets the <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>key to the
⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label</span>⟩. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-35">
\documentclass{article}
 <br />\usepackage[symbols]{glossaries-extra}
 <br />\makeglossaries
 <br />\glsxtrnewsymbol % requires glossaries-extra.sty 'symbols' option
 <br /> [description={the set containing no elements}]
 <br /> {emptyset}% label (and sort value)
 <br /> {\ensuremath{\emptyset}}% symbol
 <br />\begin{document}
 <br />\gls{emptyset}
 <br />\printglossaries
 <br />\end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 831--><p class="nopar" > Now the sort value is “emptyset” rather than the previous “empty set”.
</p><!--l. 835--><p class="indent" > With <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-3026"></a> you can define this in the <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>file as
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-36">
@entry{emptyset,
 <br />  name={\ensuremath{\emptyset}},
 <br />  description={the set containing no elements}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 842--><p class="nopar" > in which case <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-3027"></a> will try to interpret the <span
class="cmtt-10">name </span>field to determine the sort
value. Alternatively you can use:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-37">
@symbol{emptyset,
 <br />  name={\ensuremath{\emptyset}},
 <br />  description={the set containing no elements}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 850--><p class="nopar" > which will use the label (<span
class="cmtt-10">emptyset</span>) as the sort value. (You don’t need the <span
class="cmss-10">symbols</span><a
id="dx1-3028"></a>
package option in this case, unless you want a separate symbols list.) The
corresponding document (where the definition is in the file <span
class="cmtt-10">entries.bib</span>) is
now:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-38">
\documentclass{article}
 <br />\usepackage[record]{glossaries-extra}
 <br />\GlsXtrLoadResources[src=entries]
 <br />\begin{document}
 <br />\gls{emptyset}
 <br />\printunsrtglossaries
 <br />\end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 867--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 869--><p class="indent" > Note that while the <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>key is advised for symbols when using <span
class="cmtt-10">\makeglossaries </span>or
<span
class="cmtt-10">\makenoidxglossaries </span>it shouldn’t be used with <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-3029"></a>. Instead, <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-3030"></a> has its
own algorithm for determining the sort value based on the entry type (<span
class="cmtt-10">@entry</span>,
<span
class="cmtt-10">@symbol </span>etc). See <a
href="https://www.dickimaw-books.com/gallery/index.php?label=bib2gls-sorting" >bib2gls gallery: sorting</a> for further details.
</p><!--l. 877--><p class="noindent" >
</p>
<!--l. 877--><p class="noindent" ><a
href="#top">Top</a><h2 class="sectionHead"></p><h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">3 </span> <a
id="sec:useterm"></a>Using Entries</h3>
<!--l. 880--><p class="noindent" >Once you have defined your entries, as described above, you can reference them in
your document. There are a number of commands to do this, but the most common
one is:
</p><!--l. 884--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\gls{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 885--><p class="noindent" >
where ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label</span>⟩ is the label you assigned to the entry when you defined it. For example,
<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\gls{fishage}</span></span></span> will display “Fish Age” in the text (given the definition from the
previous section). If you are using <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-4001"></a> then this will display ?? (like
<span
class="cmtt-10">\ref </span>and <span
class="cmtt-10">\cite</span>) until <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-4002"></a> has created the relevant files and LaTeX is
rerun.
</p><!--l. 893--><p class="indent" > If you are using the <span
class="cmss-10">hyperref</span><a
id="dx1-4003"></a> package (remember to load it before <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span>) <span
class="cmtt-10">\gls</span>
will create a hyperlink to the corresponding entry in the glossary. If you want to
suppress the hyperlink for a particular instance, use the starred form <span
class="cmtt-10">\gls* </span>for
example, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\gls*{fishage}</span></span></span>. The other commands described in this section all have a
similar starred form.
</p><!--l. 900--><p class="indent" > If the entry was defined as an acronym (using <span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym </span>with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span>
described above) or an abbreviation (using <span
class="cmtt-10">\newabbreviation </span>with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-4004"></a>),
then <span
class="cmtt-10">\gls </span>will display the full form the first time it’s used and just the
short form on subsequent use. For example, if the style is set to <span
class="cmtt-10">long-short</span>,
then <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\gls{svm}</span></span></span> will display “support vector machine (SVM)” the first time
it’s used, but the next occurrence of <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\gls{svm}</span></span></span> will just display “SVM”.
(If you use <span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym </span>with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-4005"></a> the default doesn’t show the
long form on first use. You’ll need to change the style first, as described
earlier.)
</p><!--l. 912--><p class="indent" > If you want the plural form, you can use:
</p><!--l. 914--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\glspl{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 915--><p class="noindent" >
instead of <span
class="cmtt-10">\gls{</span>⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}</span>. For example, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\glspl{set}</span></span></span> displays “sets”.
</p><!--l. 919--><p class="indent" > If the term appears at the start of a sentence, you can convert the first letter to
upper case using:
</p><!--l. 922--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\Gls{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 923--><p class="noindent" >
for the singular form or
</p><!--l. 926--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\Glspl{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 927--><p class="noindent" >
for the plural form. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-39">
\Glspl{set} are collections.
</div>
<!--l. 931--><p class="nopar" > produces “Sets are collections”.
</p><!--l. 934--><p class="indent" > If you’ve specified a symbol using the <span
class="cmtt-10">symbol </span>key, you can display it
using:
</p><!--l. 937--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\glssymbol{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 938--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 940--><p class="noindent" >
</p>
<!--l. 940--><p class="noindent" ><a
href="#top">Top</a><h2 class="sectionHead"></p><h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">4 </span> <a
id="sec:printglossaries"></a>Displaying a List of Entries</h3>
<!--l. 943--><p class="noindent" >In <a
href="#sec:start"><span
class="tcrm-1000">§</span>1 </a><a
href="#sec:start">Getting Started<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:start --></a>, I mentioned that there are three options you can
choose from to create an automatically sorted glossary with the base <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span>
package. These are also available with the extension package <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span>
along with a fourth option. These four options are listed below in a little
more detail. <a
href="#tab:optionsp+c">Table 1</a> summarises the main advantages and disadvantages.
(There’s a more detailed summary in the main <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries </span>user manual.) See also
<a
href="https://www.dickimaw-books.com/latex/buildglossaries/" >Incorporating makeglossaries or makeglossaries-lite or bib2gls into the document
build</a>.
</p>
<div class="table">
<!--l. 953--><p class="indent" > <a
id="tab:optionsp+c"></a></p><hr class="float" /><div class="float"
>
<div class="caption"
><span class="id">Table 1: </span><span
class="content">Comparison of Glossary Options</span></div><!--tex4ht:label?: x1-50011 -->
<div class="tabular"> <table id="TBL-2" class="tabular"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
><colgroup id="TBL-2-1g"><col
id="TBL-2-1" /><col
id="TBL-2-2" /><col
id="TBL-2-3" /><col
id="TBL-2-4" /><col
id="TBL-2-5" /></colgroup><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-2-1-"><td style="white-space:normal; text-align:left;" id="TBL-2-1-1"
class="td11"> <!--l. 959--><p class="noindent" > </p></td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-1-2"
class="td11"> <a
href="#option1"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 1</span></a> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-1-3"
class="td11"> <a
href="#option2"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 2</span></a> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-1-4"
class="td11"> <a
href="#option3"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 3</span></a> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-1-5"
class="td11"> <a
href="#option4"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 4</span></a> </td>
</tr><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-2-2-"><td style="white-space:normal; text-align:left;" id="TBL-2-2-1"
class="td11"> <!--l. 961--><p class="noindent" >Requires
<span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-5002"></a>? </p></td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-2-2"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor1"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-2-3"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor2"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-2-4"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor3"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-2-5"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor4"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td>
</tr><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-2-3-"><td style="white-space:normal; text-align:left;" id="TBL-2-3-1"
class="td11"> <!--l. 963--><p class="noindent" >Requires
an
external
application? </p></td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-3-2"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor5"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-3-3"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor6"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-3-4"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor7"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-3-5"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor8"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td>
</tr><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-2-4-"><td style="white-space:normal; text-align:left;" id="TBL-2-4-1"
class="td11"> <!--l. 965--><p class="noindent" >Requires
Perl? </p></td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-4-2"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor9"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-4-3"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor10"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-4-4"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor11"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-4-5"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor12"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td>
</tr><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-2-5-"><td style="white-space:normal; text-align:left;" id="TBL-2-5-1"
class="td11"> <!--l. 967--><p class="noindent" >Requires
Java? </p></td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-5-2"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor13"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-5-3"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor14"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-5-4"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor15"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-5-5"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor16"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td>
</tr><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-2-6-"><td style="white-space:normal; text-align:left;" id="TBL-2-6-1"
class="td11"> <!--l. 969--><p class="noindent" >Can
sort
extended
Latin
or
non-Latin
alphabets? </p></td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-6-2"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor17"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-6-3"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor18"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-6-4"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor19"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-6-5"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor20"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td>
</tr><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-2-7-"><td style="white-space:normal; text-align:left;" id="TBL-2-7-1"
class="td11"> <!--l. 972--><p class="noindent" >Efficient
sort
algorithm? </p></td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-7-2"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor21"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-7-3"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor22"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-7-4"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor23"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-7-5"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor24"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td>
</tr><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-2-8-"><td style="white-space:normal; text-align:left;" id="TBL-2-8-1"
class="td11"> <!--l. 974--><p class="noindent" >Can
use
different
sort
methods
for
each
glossary? </p></td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-8-2"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor25"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-8-3"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor26"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-8-4"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor27"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-8-5"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor28"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td>
</tr><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-2-9-"><td style="white-space:normal; text-align:left;" id="TBL-2-9-1"
class="td11"> <!--l. 976--><p class="noindent" >Any
problematic
sort
values? </p></td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-9-2"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor29"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-9-3"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor30"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-9-4"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor31"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-9-5"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor32"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td>
</tr><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-2-10-"><td style="white-space:normal; text-align:left;" id="TBL-2-10-1"
class="td11"> <!--l. 978--><p class="noindent" >Can
form
ranges
in
the
location
lists? </p></td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-10-2"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor33"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-10-3"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor34"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-10-4"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor35"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-10-5"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor36"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td>
</tr><tr
style="vertical-align:baseline;" id="TBL-2-11-"><td style="white-space:normal; text-align:left;" id="TBL-2-11-1"
class="td11"> <!--l. 980--><p class="noindent" >Can
have
non-standard
locations? </p></td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-11-2"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor37"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-11-3"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor38"><span
class="pzdr-">✘</span></span> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-11-4"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor39"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span><sup class="textsuperscript"><span
class="tcrm-0900">†</span></sup> </td><td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-2-11-5"
class="td11"> <span id="textcolor40"><span
class="pzdr-">✔</span></span> </td>
</tr></table></div>
<!--l. 983--><p class="noindent" ><sup class="textsuperscript"><span
class="tcrm-0900">†</span></sup> <span
class="cmr-8">Requires some setting up.</span>
</p>
</div><hr class="endfloat" />
</div>
<dl class="description"><dt class="description">
</dt><dd
class="description"><a
id="option1"></a><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 1</span>:
<!--l. 990--><p class="noindent" >This is the simplest option but it’s slow and if you want a sorted list,
it doesn’t work for extended or non-Latin alphabets. The <span
class="cmtt-10">name </span>mustn’t
contain commands (or, if it does, the <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>value must be supplied) unless
you have the package option <span
class="cmss-10">sanitizesort</span><a
id="dx1-5003"></a> or <span
class="cmss-10">sort</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">def</span><a
id="dx1-5004"></a> or <span
class="cmss-10">sort</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">use</span><a
id="dx1-5005"></a>.
</p><ol class="enumerate1" >
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5007x1">Add <span
class="cmtt-10">\makenoidxglossaries </span>to your preamble (before you start
defining your entries, as described in <a
href="#sec:defterm"><span
class="tcrm-1000">§</span>2 </a><a
href="#sec:defterm">Defining Terms<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:defterm --></a>).
</li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5009x2">Put
<!--l. 1004--><p class="noindent" ><hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printnoidxglossary[sort=</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">order</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">,</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">other options</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">] </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1005--><p class="noindent" >
where you want your list of entries to appear. The sort ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">order</span>⟩ may be one
of: <span
class="cmtt-10">word </span>(word ordering), <span
class="cmtt-10">letter </span>(letter ordering), <span
class="cmtt-10">case </span>(case-sensitive
letter ordering), <span
class="cmtt-10">def </span>(in order of definition) or <span
class="cmtt-10">use </span>(in order of use).
Alternatively, use
</p><!--l. 1012--><p class="noindent" ><hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printnoidxglossaries </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1013--><p class="noindent" >
to display all your glossaries (if you have more than one). This command
doesn’t have any arguments.
</p><!--l. 1017--><p class="noindent" >This option allows you to have different sort methods. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-40">
\printnoidxglossary[sort=word]% main glossary
 <br />\printnoidxglossary[type=symbols,sort=use]% symbols glossary
</div>
<!--l. 1022--><p class="nopar" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5011x3">Run LaTeX twice on your document. (As you would do to make a table
of contents appear.) For example, click twice on the “typeset” or “build”
or “PDFLaTeX” button in your editor.</li></ol>
<!--l. 1028--><p class="noindent" >Here’s a complete document (<span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.tex</span>):
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-41">
\documentclass{article}
 <br />\usepackage{glossaries}
 <br />\makenoidxglossaries % use TeX to sort
 <br />\newglossaryentry{sample}{name={sample},
 <br />  description={an example}}
 <br />\begin{document}
 <br />A \gls{sample}.
 <br />\printnoidxglossaries % iterate over all indexed entries
 <br />\end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 1044--><p class="nopar" > Document build:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-42">
pdflatex myDoc
 <br />pdflatex myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1049--><p class="nopar" >
</p></dd><dt class="description">
</dt><dd
class="description"><a
id="option2"></a><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 2</span>:
<!--l. 1053--><p class="noindent" >This option uses an application called <span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-5012"></a> to sort the entries. This
application comes with all modern TeX distributions, but it’s hard-coded for
the non-extended Latin alphabet. This process involves making LaTeX write
the glossary information to a temporary file which <span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-5013"></a> reads.
Then <span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-5014"></a> writes a new file containing the code to typeset the
glossary. LaTeX then reads this file on the next run. The <span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-5015"></a>
application is automatically invoked by the helper <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-5016"></a>
script, which works out all the appropriate settings from the <span
class="cmtt-10">.aux</span>
file.
</p><ol class="enumerate1" >
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5018x1">If you are using <span
class="cmss-10">ngerman</span><a
id="dx1-5019"></a><span class="footnote-mark"><a
href="#fn1x0" id="fn1x0-bk"><sup class="textsuperscript">1</sup></a></span><a
id="x1-5020f1"></a>
or some other package that makes the double-quote character <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">"</span></span></span> a
shorthand, then use <span
class="cmtt-10">\GlsSetQuote </span>to change this to some other character.
For example:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-43">
\GlsSetQuote{+}
</div>
<!--l. 1072--><p class="nopar" > Use this as soon as possible after you’ve loaded the <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span>
package.
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5023x2">Add <span
class="cmtt-10">\makeglossaries </span>to your preamble (before you start defining your
entries).
</li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5025x3">Put
<!--l. 1081--><p class="noindent" ><hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printglossary[</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">options</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">] </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1082--><p class="noindent" >
where you want your list of entries (glossary) to appear. (The <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>key
isn’t available in ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">options</span>⟩.) Alternatively, use
</p><!--l. 1087--><p class="noindent" ><hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printglossaries </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1088--><p class="noindent" >
which will display all glossaries (if you have more than one). This
command doesn’t have any arguments.
</p><!--l. 1092--><p class="noindent" ><div class="important" title="Important Note"> All glossaries are sorted using the same method which may be identified
with one of the package options: <span
class="cmss-10">sort</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">standard</span><a
id="dx1-5026"></a> (default), <span
class="cmss-10">sort</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">use</span><a
id="dx1-5027"></a> or
<span
class="cmss-10">sort</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">def</span><a
id="dx1-5028"></a>. </div>
</p><!--l. 1097--><p class="noindent" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5030x4">Run LaTeX on your document. This creates files with the extensions <span
class="cmtt-10">.glo</span>
and <span
class="cmtt-10">.ist </span>(for example, if your LaTeX document is called <span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.tex</span>, then
you’ll have two extra files called <span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.glo </span>and <span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.ist</span>). If you look
at your document at this point, you won’t see the glossary as it hasn’t
been created yet.
</li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5032x5">Run <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-5033"></a> with the base name of your document (without the
<span
class="cmtt-10">.tex</span>) extension. If you have access to a terminal or a command prompt
(for example, the MSDOS command prompt for Windows users or
the bash console for Unix-like users) then you need to run the
command:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-44">
makeglossaries myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1113--><p class="nopar" > (Replace <span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc </span>with the base name of your LaTeX document file without
the <span
class="cmtt-10">.tex </span>extension. Avoid spaces in the file name.) If you don’t have Perl
installed use <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries-lite</span><a
id="dx1-5034"></a> instead:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-45">
makeglossaries-lite myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1120--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 1122--><p class="noindent" ><div class="important" title="Important Note"> Some beginners get confused by <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-5035"></a> the application (run as
a system command) and <span
class="cmtt-10">\makeglossaries </span>the LaTeX command
which should be typed in the document preamble. These are two
different concepts that happen to have similar looking names.
</div>
</p><!--l. 1128--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 1130--><p class="noindent" >If you don’t know how to use the command prompt, then you can
probably configure your text editor to add <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-5036"></a> (or
<span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries-lite</span><a
id="dx1-5037"></a>) as a build tool, but each editor has a different
method of doing this, so I can’t give a general description. You will have
to check your editor’s manual. (There are some guidelines in <a
href="https://www.dickimaw-books.com/latex/buildglossaries/" >Incorporating
makeglossaries or makeglossaries-lite or bib2gls into the document
build</a>.) If you still have problems, try adding the <span
class="cmss-10">automake</span><a
id="dx1-5038"></a> package
option:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-46">
\usepackage[automake]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1144--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 1146--><p class="noindent" >The default sort is word order (“sea lion” comes before “seal”). If you
want letter ordering you need to add the <span
class="cmss-10">order</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">letter</span><a
id="dx1-5039"></a> package
option
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-47">
\usepackage[order=letter]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1151--><p class="nopar" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5041x6">Once you have successfully completed the previous step, you can now run
LaTeX on your document again.</li></ol>
<!--l. 1156--><p class="noindent" >Here’s a complete document (<span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.tex</span>):
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-48">
\documentclass{article}
 <br />\usepackage{glossaries}
 <br />\makeglossaries % create makeindex files
 <br />\newglossaryentry{sample}{name={sample},
 <br />  description={an example}}
 <br />\begin{document}
 <br />A \gls{sample}.
 <br />\printglossaries % input files created by makeindex
 <br />\end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 1172--><p class="nopar" > Document build:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-49">
pdflatex myDoc
 <br />makeglossaries myDoc
 <br />pdflatex myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1178--><p class="nopar" > or
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-50">
pdflatex myDoc
 <br />makeglossaries-lite myDoc
 <br />pdflatex myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1184--><p class="nopar" >
</p></dd><dt class="description">
</dt><dd
class="description"><a
id="option3"></a><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 3</span>:
<!--l. 1189--><p class="noindent" >This option uses an application called <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5042"></a> to sort the entries. This
application is more flexible than <span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-5043"></a> and is able to sort extended Latin
or non-Latin alphabets. It comes with both TeX Live and MiKTeX.
Since <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5044"></a> is a Perl script, you will also need to ensure that Perl is
installed. In a similar way to <a
href="#option2">Option 2</a>, this option involves making
LaTeX write the glossary information to a temporary file which <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5045"></a>
reads. Then <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5046"></a> writes a new file containing the code to typeset
the glossary. LaTeX then reads this file on the next run. The <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5047"></a>
application is automatically invoked by the helper <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-5048"></a>
script, which works out all the appropriate settings from the <span
class="cmtt-10">.aux</span>
file.
</p><ol class="enumerate1" >
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5050x1">Add the <span
class="cmss-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5051"></a> option to the <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span><a
id="dx1-5052"></a> package option list:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-51">
\usepackage[xindy]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1208--><p class="nopar" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5054x2">Add <span
class="cmtt-10">\makeglossaries </span>to your preamble (before you start defining your
entries).
</li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5056x3">Put
<!--l. 1215--><p class="noindent" ><hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printglossary[</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">options</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">] </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1216--><p class="noindent" >
where you want your list of entries (glossary) to appear. (The <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>key
isn’t available in ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">options</span>⟩.) Alternatively, use
</p><!--l. 1221--><p class="noindent" ><hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printglossaries </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1222--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 1224--><p class="noindent" ><div class="important" title="Important Note"> All glossaries are sorted using the same method which may be identified
with one of the package options: <span
class="cmss-10">sort</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">standard</span><a
id="dx1-5057"></a> (default), <span
class="cmss-10">sort</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">use</span><a
id="dx1-5058"></a> or
<span
class="cmss-10">sort</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">def</span><a
id="dx1-5059"></a>. </div>
</p><!--l. 1229--><p class="noindent" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5061x4">Run LaTeX on your document. This creates files with the extensions <span
class="cmtt-10">.glo</span>
and <span
class="cmtt-10">.xdy </span>(for example, if your LaTeX document is called <span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.tex</span>, then
you’ll have two extra files called <span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.glo </span>and <span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.xdy</span>). If you look
at your document at this point, you won’t see the glossary as it hasn’t
been created yet.
</li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5063x5">Run <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-5064"></a> with the base name of the document (omitting the
<span
class="cmtt-10">.tex </span>extension). If you have access to a terminal or a command prompt
(for example, the MSDOS command prompt for Windows users or
the bash console for Unix-like users) then you need to run the
command:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-52">
makeglossaries myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1245--><p class="nopar" > (Replace <span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc </span>with the base name of your LaTeX document file without
the <span
class="cmtt-10">.tex </span>extension. Avoid spaces in the file name. If you don’t know how
to use the command prompt, then as mentioned above, you may be able to
configure your text editor to add <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-5065"></a> as a build
tool.
</p><!--l. 1253--><p class="noindent" >The default sort is word order (“sea lion” comes before “seal”). If you
want letter ordering you need to add the <span
class="cmtt-10">order=letter </span>package
option:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-53">
\usepackage[xindy,order=letter]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1259--><p class="nopar" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5067x6">Once you have successfully completed the previous step, you can now run
LaTeX on your document again.
</li></ol>
<!--l. 1265--><p class="noindent" >Here’s a complete document (<span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.tex</span>):
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-54">
\documentclass{article}
 <br />\usepackage[xindy]{glossaries}
 <br />\makeglossaries % create xindy files
 <br />\newglossaryentry{sample}{name={sample},
 <br />  description={an example}}
 <br />\begin{document}
 <br />A \gls{sample}.
 <br />\printglossaries % input files created by xindy
 <br />\end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 1281--><p class="nopar" > Document build:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-55">
pdflatex myDoc
 <br />makeglossaries myDoc
 <br />pdflatex myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1287--><p class="nopar" >
</p></dd><dt class="description">
</dt><dd
class="description"><a
id="option4"></a><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 4</span>:
<!--l. 1291--><p class="noindent" >This requires the extension package <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-5068"></a> and an application called
<span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-5069"></a>. This application is able to sort extended Latin or non-Latin
alphabets. It comes with both TeX Live and MiKTeX but requires at least
Java 8. This method works differently to Options <a
href="#option2">2</a> and <a
href="#option3">3</a>. Instead of
creating a file containing the code to typeset the glossary it creates a
<span
class="cmtt-10">.glstex </span>file containing the entry definitions fetched from the <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>file (or
files), but only those entries that are required in the document are
defined and they are defined in the order obtained from the chosen sort
method. This means that you can just use <span
class="cmtt-10">\printunsrtglossary </span>to
display each glossary (or <span
class="cmtt-10">\printunsrtglossaries </span>to display them
all).
</p><ol class="enumerate1" >
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5071x1">Add the <span
class="cmss-10">record</span><a
id="dx1-5072"></a> option to the <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-5073"></a> package option list:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-56">
\usepackage[record]{glossaries-extra}
</div>
<!--l. 1310--><p class="nopar" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5075x2">Add one or more
<!--l. 1314--><p class="noindent" ><hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\GlsXtrLoadResources[src={</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">bib list</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">},</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">options</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">] </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1315--><p class="noindent" >
to your preamble where ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">bib list</span>⟩ is the list of <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>files containing the
entries. You may use different sort methods for each resource set. For
example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-57">
\usepackage[record,% using bib2gls
 <br /> abbreviations,
 <br /> symbols,
 <br /> numbers
 <br />]{glossaries-extra}
 <br />\GlsXtrLoadResources[
 <br />  src={terms},% entries in terms.bib
 <br />  type=main,% put these entries in the 'main' (default) list
 <br />  sort={de-CH-1996}% sort according to this locale
 <br />]
 <br />\GlsXtrLoadResources[
 <br />  src={abbrvs},% entries in abbrvs.bib
 <br />  type=abbreviations,% put these entries in the 'abbreviations' list
 <br />  sort={letter-case}% case-sensitive letter (non-locale) sort
 <br />]
 <br />\GlsXtrLoadResources[
 <br />  src={syms},% entries in syms.bib
 <br />  type=symbols,% put these entries in the 'symbols' list
 <br />  sort={use}% sort according to first use in the document
 <br />]
 <br />\GlsXtrLoadResources[
 <br />  src={constants},% entries in constants.bib
 <br />  type=numbers,% put these entries in the 'numbers' list
 <br />  sort-field={user1},% sort according to this field
 <br />  sort={double}% double-precision sort
 <br />]
</div>
<!--l. 1347--><p class="nopar" > The last resource set assumes that the entries defined in the file
<span
class="cmtt-10">constants.bib </span>have a number stored in the <span
class="cmtt-10">user1 </span>field. For
example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-58">
@number{pi,
 <br />  name={\ensuremath{\pi}},
 <br />  description={pi},
 <br />  user1={3.141592654}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 1357--><p class="nopar" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5077x3">Put
<!--l. 1361--><p class="noindent" ><hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printunsrtglossary[type={</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">type</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">},</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">options</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">] </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1362--><p class="noindent" >
where you want your list of entries (glossary) to appear. (The <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>key
isn’t available in ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">options</span>⟩. It needs to be used in <span
class="cmtt-10">\GlsXtrLoadResources</span>
instead.) Alternatively, use
</p><!--l. 1368--><p class="noindent" ><hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printunsrtglossaries </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1369--><p class="noindent" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5079x4">Run LaTeX on your document. The <span
class="cmss-10">record</span><a
id="dx1-5080"></a> option adds information to the
<span
class="cmtt-10">.aux </span>file that provides <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-5081"></a> with all required details for each resource
set. For example, if the file is called <span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.tex</span>:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-59">
pdflatex myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1377--><p class="nopar" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5083x5">Run <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-5084"></a>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-60">
bib2gls myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1382--><p class="nopar" > or (if you need letter groups)
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-61">
bib2gls --group myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1386--><p class="nopar" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-5086x6">Run LaTeX again.</li></ol>
<!--l. 1390--><p class="noindent" >Here’s a complete document (<span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.tex</span>):
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-62">
\documentclass{article}
 <br />\usepackage[record]{glossaries-extra}
 <br />\GlsXtrLoadResources % input file created by bib2gls
 <br /> [% instructions to bib2gls:
 <br />   src={entries}, % terms defined in entries.bib
 <br />   sort={en-GB}% sort according to this locale
 <br /> ]
 <br />\newglossaryentry{sample}{name={sample},
 <br />  description={an example}}
 <br />\begin{document}
 <br />A \gls{sample}.
 <br />\printunsrtglossaries % iterate over all defined entries
 <br />\end{document}
</div>
<!--l. 1410--><p class="nopar" > The accompanying <span
class="cmtt-10">entries.bib </span>file:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-63">
@entry{sample,
 <br />  name = {sample},
 <br />  description = {an example}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 1417--><p class="nopar" > Document build:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-64">
pdflatex myDoc
 <br />bib2gls myDoc
 <br />pdflatex myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1423--><p class="nopar" >
</p>
</dd></dl>
<!--l. 1427--><p class="indent" > If you are having difficulty integrating <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-5087"></a> into your document build
process, you may want to consider using <span
class="cmtt-10">arara</span><a
id="dx1-5088"></a>, which is a Java application that
searches the document for special comment lines that tell <span
class="cmtt-10">arara</span><a
id="dx1-5089"></a> which applications
to run. For example, the file <span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.tex </span>might start with:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-65">
 % arara: pdflatex
 <br /> % arara: makeglossaries
 <br /> % arara: pdflatex
 <br /> \documentclass{article}
 <br /> \usepackage{glossaries}
 <br /> \makeglossaries
</div>
<!--l. 1440--><p class="nopar" > then to build the document you just need the single system call:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-66">
 arara myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1444--><p class="nopar" > (As from version 4.0, <span
class="cmtt-10">arara</span><a
id="dx1-5090"></a> also has directives for <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries-lite</span><a
id="dx1-5091"></a> and
<span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-5092"></a>. See the <span
class="cmtt-10">arara</span><a
id="dx1-5093"></a> manual for further details.)
</p><!--l. 1449--><p class="indent" > When sorting the entries, the string comparisons are made according to each
entry’s <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>key. If this is omitted, the <span
class="cmtt-10">name </span>key is used. For example, recall the
earlier definition:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-67">
 \newglossaryentry{elite}
 <br /> {
 <br />   name={{\'e}lite},
 <br />   description={select group or class}
 <br /> }
</div>
<!--l. 1459--><p class="nopar" > No <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>key was used, so it’s set to the same as the <span
class="cmtt-10">name </span>key: <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{\’e}lite</span></span></span>. How this
is interpreted depends on which option you have used:
</p><dl class="description"><dt class="description">
<a
href="#option1"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 1</span></a><span
class="cmbx-10">:</span> </dt><dd
class="description">By default, the accent command will be stripped so the sort value
will be <span
class="cmtt-10">elite</span>. This will put the entry in the “E” letter group. However
if you use the <span
class="cmss-10">sanitizesort</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">true</span><a
id="dx1-5094"></a> package option, the sort value will be
interpreted as the sequence of characters: <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{</span></span></span> <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\</span></span></span> <span
class="cmtt-10">’ e </span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">}</span></span></span> <span
class="cmtt-10">l i t </span>and <span
class="cmtt-10">e</span>. This will
place this entry in the “symbols” group since it starts with a symbol.
</dd><dt class="description">
<a
href="#option2"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 2</span></a><span
class="cmbx-10">:</span> </dt><dd
class="description">The sort key will be interpreted the sequence of characters: <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{</span></span></span> <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\</span></span></span> <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">’</span></span></span> <span
class="cmtt-10">e</span>
<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">}</span></span></span><span
class="cmtt-10">lit </span>and <span
class="cmtt-10">e</span>. The first character is an opening curly brace <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{</span></span></span> so <span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-5095"></a>
will put this entry in the “symbols” group.
</dd><dt class="description">
<a
href="#option3"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 3</span></a><span
class="cmbx-10">:</span> </dt><dd
class="description"><span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5096"></a> disregards LaTeX commands so it sorts on <span
class="cmtt-10">elite</span>, which puts this
entry in the “E” group. If stripping all commands leads to an empty string
(such as <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\ensuremath{\emptyset}</span></span></span>) then <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5097"></a> will fail, so in these
situations you need to provide an appropriate <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>value that <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5098"></a> will
accept.
<!--l. 1485--><p class="noindent" ><div class="important" title="Important Note"> <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5099"></a> merges entries with duplicate sort values. <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5100"></a> forbids empty sort
values. A sort value may degrade into an empty or duplicate value once <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5101"></a>
has stripped all commands and braces. </div>
</p><!--l. 1490--><p class="noindent" >
</p></dd><dt class="description">
<a
href="#option4"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 4</span></a><span
class="cmbx-10">:</span> </dt><dd
class="description"><span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-5102"></a> has a primitive LaTeX parser that recognises a limited set of
commands, which includes the standard accent commands and some maths
commands, so it can convert <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{\’e}lite</span></span></span> to <span
class="cmtt-10">é</span><span
class="cmtt-10">lite</span>. It disregards unknown
commands. This may lead to an empty sort value, but <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-5103"></a> doesn’t mind
that.
<!--l. 1499--><p class="noindent" >Note that even if the name is given as <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{\’e}lite</span></span></span>, the letter group heading
(if the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">--group</span></span></span> switch is used) may end up with the character É
depending on the locale used by the sort comparator. In this case you
will need to ensure the document can support this character either
with <span
class="cmss-10">inputenc</span><a
id="dx1-5104"></a> or by switching to a LaTeX engine with native UTF-8
support.
</p><!--l. 1506--><p class="noindent" >There’s more information on how <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-5105"></a> obtains the sort value in <a
href="https://www.dickimaw-books.com/gallery/index.php?label=bib2gls-sorting" >bib2gls
gallery: sorting</a>.
</p>
</dd></dl>
<!--l. 1513--><p class="indent" > If the <span
class="cmss-10">inputenc</span><a
id="dx1-5106"></a> package is used:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-68">
 \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
</div>
<!--l. 1516--><p class="nopar" > and the entry is defined as: </p><div class="alltt">
<div class="obeylines-v">
<span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossaryentry{elite}</span></span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{</span></span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> name=</span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{{</span></span><span
class="cmtt-10">é</span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">}lite},</span></span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> description=</span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">{select</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> group</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> or</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> class}</span></span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">}</span></span>
</div>
</div> then:
<dl class="description"><dt class="description">
<a
href="#option1"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 1</span></a><span
class="cmbx-10">:</span> </dt><dd
class="description">By default the sort value will be interpreted as <span
class="cmtt-10">elite </span>so the entry
will be put in the “E” letter group. If you use the <span
class="cmss-10">sanitizesort</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">true</span><a
id="dx1-5107"></a> package
option, the sort value will be interpreted as <span
class="cmtt-10">é</span><span
class="cmtt-10">lite </span>where é has been
sanitized (so it’s no longer an active character and is in fact seen as two
octets 0xC3 0xA9) which will put this entry before the “A” letter group.
(The group is determined by the first octet 0xC3.)
</dd><dt class="description">
<a
href="#option2"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 2</span></a><span
class="cmbx-10">:</span> </dt><dd
class="description"><span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-5108"></a> sees <span
class="cmtt-10">é</span> as two octets (0xC3 0xA9) rather than a single
character so it tries to put <span
class="cmtt-10">é</span><span
class="cmtt-10">lite </span>in the 0xC3 (“Ô) letter group (which,
in this case, comes after “Z”).
</dd><dt class="description">
<a
href="#option3"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 3</span></a><span
class="cmbx-10">:</span> </dt><dd
class="description"><span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5109"></a> will correctly recognise the sort value <span
class="cmtt-10">é</span><span
class="cmtt-10">lite </span>and will place
it in whatever letter group is appropriate for the given language setting.
(In English, this would just be the “E” letter group, but another language
might put it in the “É” letter group.)
</dd><dt class="description">
<a
href="#option4"><span
class="cmbx-10">Option</span><span
class="cmbx-10"> 4</span></a><span
class="cmbx-10">:</span> </dt><dd
class="description">The <span
class="cmss-10">inputenc</span><a
id="dx1-5110"></a> package doesn’t affect the encoding used with <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>entry
definitions, since these are dependent on the encoding used to save the <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>file
(although the labels must still be ASCII unless you use XeLaTeX/LuaLaTeX).
You can help <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-5111"></a> (and JabRef) by putting an encoding comment at the
start of the <span
class="cmtt-10">.bib </span>file: <div class="alltt">
<div class="obeylines-v">
<span
class="cmtt-10">%</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> Encoding:</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> UTF-8</span>
</div>
</div>
<!--l. 1556--><p class="noindent" >With the correct encoding set up, <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-5112"></a> will determine that the sort value is
<span
class="cmtt-10">é</span><span
class="cmtt-10">lite </span>and will place it in whatever letter group is appropriate for the given
sort rule. For example, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">sort=en-GB</span></span></span> (or just <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">sort=en</span></span></span>) will put <span
class="cmtt-10">é</span><span
class="cmtt-10">lite </span>in the
“E” letter group, but another language might put it in the “É” letter
group.
</p>
</dd></dl>
<!--l. 1565--><p class="indent" > Therefore if you have extended Latin or non-Latin characters, your best option is
to use either <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-5113"></a> (<a
href="#option3">Option 3</a>) or <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-5114"></a> (<a
href="#option4">Option 4</a>) with the <span
class="cmss-10">inputenc</span><a
id="dx1-5115"></a> or <span
class="cmss-10">fontspec</span><a
id="dx1-5116"></a>
package. If you use <span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-5117"></a> (<a
href="#option2">Option 2</a>) you need to specify the <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>key like
this:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-69">
\newglossaryentry{elite}
 <br />{
 <br />  name={{\'e}lite},
 <br />  sort={elite},
 <br />  description={select group or class}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 1577--><p class="nopar" > or </p><div class="alltt">
<div class="obeylines-v">
<span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossaryentry</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">elite</span><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>
<br /><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> name=</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">é</span><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span><span
class="cmtt-10">lite</span><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span><span
class="cmtt-10">,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> sort=</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">elite</span><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span><span
class="cmtt-10">,</span>
<br /><span
class="cmtt-10"> </span><span
class="cmtt-10"> description=</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">select</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> group</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> or</span><span
class="cmtt-10"> class</span><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>
<br /><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>
</div>
</div> If you use <a
href="#option1">Option 1</a>, you may or may not need to use the <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>key, but you will
need to be careful about fragile commands in the <span
class="cmtt-10">name </span>key if you don’t set the <span
class="cmtt-10">sort</span>
key.
<!--l. 1591--><p class="indent" > If you use <a
href="#option3">Option 3</a> and the <span
class="cmtt-10">name </span>only contains a command or commands (such
as <span
class="cmtt-10">\P </span>or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">\ensuremath{\pi}</span></span></span>) you must add the <span
class="cmtt-10">sort </span>key. This is also advisable
for the other options (except <a
href="#option4">Option 4</a>), but is essential for <a
href="#option3">Option 3</a>. For
example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-70">
 \newglossaryentry{P}{name={\P},sort={P},
 <br />  description={paragraph symbol}}
</div>
<!--l. 1598--><p class="nopar" >
</p>
<!--l. 1600--><p class="noindent" ><a
href="#top">Top</a><h2 class="sectionHead"></p><h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">5 </span> <a
id="sec:glosstyle"></a>Customising the Glossary</h3>
<!--l. 1603--><p class="noindent" >The default glossary style uses the <span
class="cmss-10">description</span><a
id="dx1-6001"></a><a
id="dx1-6002"></a> environment to display the entry list.
Each entry name is set in the optional argument of <span
class="cmtt-10">\item </span>which means that it will
typically be displayed in bold. You can switch to medium weight by redefining
<span
class="cmtt-10">\glsnamefont</span>:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-71">
\renewcommand*{\glsnamefont}[1]{\textmd{#1}}
</div>
<!--l. 1610--><p class="nopar" > Some classes and packages redefine the <span
class="cmss-10">description</span><a
id="dx1-6003"></a><a
id="dx1-6004"></a> environment in such as way that’s
incompatible with the <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries </span>package. In which case you’ll need to select a
different glossary style (see below).
</p><!--l. 1616--><p class="indent" > By default, a full stop is appended to the description (unless you use
<span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-6005"></a>). To prevent this from happening use the <span
class="cmss-10">nopostdot</span><a
id="dx1-6006"></a> package
option:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-72">
\usepackage[nopostdot]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1621--><p class="nopar" > or to add it with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span>:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-73">
\usepackage[postdot]{glossaries-extra}
</div>
<!--l. 1625--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 1627--><p class="indent" > By default, a location list is displayed for each entry (unless you use
<span
class="cmtt-10">\printunsrtglossary </span>without <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-6007"></a>). This refers to the document locations (for
example, the page number) where the entry has been referenced. If you use
Options <a
href="#option2">2</a> or <a
href="#option3">3</a> described in <a
href="#sec:printglossaries"><span
class="tcrm-1000">§</span>4 </a><a
href="#sec:printglossaries">Displaying a List of Entries<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:printglossaries --></a> or <a
href="#option4">Option 4</a> (with
<span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-6008"></a> and <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-6009"></a>) then location ranges will be compressed. For example, if
an entry was used on pages 1, 2 and 3, with Options <a
href="#option2">2</a> or <a
href="#option3">3</a> or <a
href="#option4">Option 4</a> the
location list will appear as 1–3, but with <a
href="#option1">Option 1</a> it will appear as 1, 2, 3. If you
don’t want the locations displayed you can hide them using the <span
class="cmss-10">nonumberlist</span><a
id="dx1-6010"></a> package
option:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-74">
\usepackage[nonumberlist]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1639--><p class="nopar" > or with <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-6011"></a> use <span
class="cmtt-10">save-locations=false </span>in the optional argument of the
appropriate <span
class="cmtt-10">\GlsXtrLoadResources </span>(it’s possible to have some resource sets with
locations and some without).
</p><!--l. 1645--><p class="indent" > Entries are grouped according to the first letter of each entry’s <span
class="cmtt-10">sort</span>
key. By default a vertical gap is placed between letter groups for most of
the predefined styles. You can suppress this with the <span
class="cmss-10">nogroupskip</span><a
id="dx1-6012"></a> package
option:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-75">
\usepackage[nogroupskip]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1651--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 1653--><p class="indent" > If the default style doesn’t suit your document, you can change the style
using:
</p><!--l. 1656--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\setglossarystyle{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">style name</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1657--><p class="noindent" >
<a
href="http://www.dickimaw-books.com/gallery/glossaries-styles/" >There are a number of predefined styles.</a> Glossaries can vary from a list of symbols
with a terse description to a list of words or phrases with descriptions that span
multiple paragraphs, so there’s no “one style fits all” solution. You need to choose
a style that suits your document. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-76">
\setglossarystyle{index}
</div>
<!--l. 1665--><p class="nopar" > You can also use the <span
class="cmss-10">style</span><a
id="dx1-6013"></a> package option for the preloaded styles. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-77">
\usepackage[style=index]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1670--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 1672--><p class="indent" > Examples:
</p><ol class="enumerate1" >
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-6015x1">You have entries where the name is a symbol and the description is a brief
phrase or short sentence. Try one of the “mcol” styles defined in the
<span
class="cmss-10">glossary-mcols</span><a
id="dx1-6016"></a> package. For example:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-78">
\usepackage[nopostdot]{glossaries}
 <br />\usepackage{glossary-mcols}
 <br />\setglossarystyle{mcolindex}
</div>
<!--l. 1681--><p class="nopar" > or
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-79">
\usepackage[stylemods={mcols},style=mcolindex]{glossaries-extra}
</div>
<!--l. 1685--><p class="nopar" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-6018x2">You have entries where the name is a word or phrase and the description spans
multiple paragraphs. Try one of the “altlist” styles. For example:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-80">
\usepackage[nopostdot]{glossaries}
 <br />\setglossarystyle{altlist}
</div>
<!--l. 1693--><p class="nopar" > or
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-81">
\usepackage[stylemods,style=altlist]{glossaries-extra}
</div>
<!--l. 1697--><p class="nopar" >
</p></li>
<li
class="enumerate" id="x1-6020x3">You have entries where the name is a single word, the description is
brief, and an associated symbol has been set. Use one of the styles that
display the symbol (not all of them do). For example, one of the tabular
styles:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-82">
\usepackage[nopostdot,nonumberlist,style=long4col]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1705--><p class="nopar" > or one of the “tree” styles:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-83">
\usepackage[nopostdot,nonumberlist,style=tree]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1709--><p class="nopar" ></p></li></ol>
<!--l. 1712--><p class="indent" > If your glossary consists of a list of abbreviations and you also want to specify
a description as well as the long form, then you need to use an abbreviation style
that will suit the glossary style. For example, use the <span
class="cmtt-10">long-short-desc </span>acronym
style:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-84">
\setacronymstyle{long-short-desc}
</div>
<!--l. 1718--><p class="nopar" > Define the acronyms with a description:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-85">
\newacronym
 <br /> [description={statistical pattern recognition technique}]
 <br /> {svm}{SVM}{support vector machine}
</div>
<!--l. 1724--><p class="nopar" > Alternatively with <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-6021"></a>:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-86">
\setabbreviationstyle{long-short-desc}
 <br />\newabbreviation
 <br /> [description={statistical pattern recognition technique}]
 <br /> {svm}{SVM}{support vector machine}
</div>
<!--l. 1732--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 1734--><p class="indent" > Choose a glossary style that suits wide entry names. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-87">
\setglossarystyle{altlist}
</div>
<!--l. 1737--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 1739--><p class="noindent" >
</p>
<!--l. 1739--><p class="noindent" ><a
href="#top">Top</a><h2 class="sectionHead"></p><h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">6 </span> <a
id="sec:multigloss"></a>Multiple Glossaries</h3>
<!--l. 1742--><p class="noindent" >The <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span><a
id="dx1-7001"></a> package predefines a default <span
class="cmtt-10">main </span>glossary. When you define an entry
(using one of the commands described in <a
href="#sec:defterm"><span
class="tcrm-1000">§</span>2 </a><a
href="#sec:defterm">Defining Terms<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:defterm --></a>), that entry is
automatically assigned to the default glossary, unless you indicate otherwise using the
<span
class="cmtt-10">type </span>key. However you first need to make sure the desired glossary has been defined.
This is done using:
</p><!--l. 1749--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossary[</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">glg</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">]{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">gls</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">glo</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">title</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1750--><p class="noindent" >
The ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label</span>⟩ is a label that uniquely identifies this new glossary. As with other types of
identifying labels, be careful not to use active characters in ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label</span>⟩. The final
argument ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">title</span>⟩ is the section or chapter heading used by <span
class="cmtt-10">\printglossary </span>or
<span
class="cmtt-10">\printnoidxglossary</span>. The other arguments indicate the file extensions used by
<span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-7002"></a>/<span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-7003"></a> (described in <a
href="#sec:printglossaries"><span
class="tcrm-1000">§</span>4 </a><a
href="#sec:printglossaries">Displaying a List of Entries<!--tex4ht:ref: sec:printglossaries --></a>). If you use <a
href="#option1">Option 1</a>
described above (or <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-7004"></a> and <span
class="cmtt-10">\printunsrtglossaries</span>), then the ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">glg</span>⟩, ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">gls</span>⟩ and ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">glo</span>⟩
arguments aren’t relevant, in which case you may prefer to use the starred version
where you don’t specify the extensions:
</p><!--l. 1764--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossary*{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">title</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1765--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 1767--><p class="indent" > In the case of Options <a
href="#option2">2</a> or <a
href="#option3">3</a>, all glossary definitions must come before
<span
class="cmtt-10">\makeglossaries</span>. (<span
class="cmti-10">Entry </span>definitions should come after <span
class="cmtt-10">\makeglossaries</span>.) In the case
of <a
href="#option4">Option 4</a>, all glossary definitions must come before any <span
class="cmtt-10">\GlsXtrLoadResources</span>
that requires them.
</p><!--l. 1772--><p class="indent" > Since it’s quite common for documents to have both a list of terms and a list of
abbreviations, the <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span><a
id="dx1-7005"></a> package provides the package option <span
class="cmss-10">acronym</span><a
id="dx1-7006"></a> (or
<span
class="cmss-10">acronyms</span><a
id="dx1-7007"></a>), which is a convenient shortcut for
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-88">
\newglossary[alg]{acronym}{acr}{acn}{\acronymname}
</div>
<!--l. 1778--><p class="nopar" > The option also changes the behaviour of <span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym </span>so that acronyms are
automatically put in the list of acronyms instead of the main glossary. The
<span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-7008"></a> package also provides this option for abbreviations defined using
<span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym </span>but additionally has the package option <span
class="cmss-10">abbreviations</span><a
id="dx1-7009"></a> to create a list of
abbreviations for <span
class="cmtt-10">\newabbreviation</span>.
</p><!--l. 1786--><p class="indent" > There are some other package options for creating commonly used lists: <span
class="cmss-10">symbols</span><a
id="dx1-7010"></a>
(lists of symbols), <span
class="cmss-10">numbers</span><a
id="dx1-7011"></a> (lists of numbers), <span
class="cmss-10">index</span><a
id="dx1-7012"></a> (index of terms without
descriptions defined with <span
class="cmtt-10">\newterm[</span>⟨<span
class="cmti-10">options</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">]{</span>⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}</span>).
</p><!--l. 1791--><p class="indent" > For example, suppose you want a main glossary for terms, a list of acronyms and
a list of notation:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-89">
 \usepackage[acronyms]{glossaries}
 <br /> \newglossary[nlg]{notation}{not}{ntn}{Notation}
</div>
<!--l. 1796--><p class="nopar" > After <span
class="cmtt-10">\makeglossaries </span>(or <span
class="cmtt-10">\makenoidxglossaries</span>) you can define the entries in
the preamble. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-90">
 \newglossaryentry{gls:set}
 <br /> {% This entry goes in the `main' glossary
 <br />   name=set,
 <br />   description={A collection of distinct objects}
 <br /> }
 <br /> % This entry goes in the `acronym' glossary:
 <br /> \newacronym{svm}{svm}{support vector machine}
 <br /> \newglossaryentry{not:set}
 <br /> {% This entry goes in the `notation' glossary:
 <br />   type=notation,
 <br />   name={\ensuremath{\mathcal{S}}},
 <br />   description={A set},
 <br />   sort={S}}
</div>
<!--l. 1815--><p class="nopar" > or if you don’t like using <span
class="cmtt-10">\ensuremath</span>:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-91">
 \newglossaryentry{not:set}
 <br /> {% This entry goes in the `notation' glossary:
 <br />   type=notation,
 <br />   name={$\mathcal{S}$},
 <br />   text={\mathcal{S}},
 <br />   description={A set},
 <br />   sort={S}}
</div>
<!--l. 1825--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 1827--><p class="indent" > Each glossary is displayed using:
</p><!--l. 1829--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printnoidxglossary[type=</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">type</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">] </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1830--><p class="noindent" >
(<a
href="#option1">Option 1</a>) or
</p><!--l. 1833--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printglossary[type=</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">type</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">] </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1834--><p class="noindent" >
(Options <a
href="#option2">2</a> and <a
href="#option3">3</a>). Where ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">type</span>⟩ is the glossary label. If the type is omitted the
default <span
class="cmtt-10">main </span>glossary is assumed.
</p><!--l. 1838--><p class="indent" > If you’re using <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-7013"></a> then each glossary is displayed using:
</p><!--l. 1841--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printunsrtglossary[type=</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">type</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">] </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1842--><p class="noindent" >
With this method you don’t use <span
class="cmtt-10">\makeglossaries </span>or <span
class="cmtt-10">\makenoidxglossaries</span>.
Instead you can assign the entry type with the resource command. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-92">
 \usepackage[record,abbreviations,symbols]{glossaries-extra}
 <br /> \GlsXtrLoadResources[
 <br />  src={terms}, % entries defined in terms.bib
 <br />  type={main}% put in main glossary
 <br /> ]
 <br /> \GlsXtrLoadResources[
 <br />  src={abbrvs}, % entries defined in abbrvs.bib
 <br />  type={abbreviations}% put in abbreviations glossary
 <br /> ]
 <br /> \GlsXtrLoadResources[
 <br />  src={syms}, % entries defined in syms.bib
 <br />  type={symbols}% put in symbols glossary
 <br /> ]
</div>
<!--l. 1861--><p class="nopar" > Later in the document:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-93">
 \printunsrtglossary % main
 <br /> \printunsrtglossary[type=abbreviations]
 <br /> \printunsrtglossary[type=symbols]
</div>
<!--l. 1867--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 1869--><p class="indent" > There’s a convenient shortcut that will display all the defined glossaries
depending on the indexing method:
</p><!--l. 1872--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printnoidxglossaries </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1873--><p class="noindent" >
(<a
href="#option1">Option 1</a>) or
</p><!--l. 1876--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printglossaries </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1877--><p class="noindent" >
(Options <a
href="#option2">2</a> and <a
href="#option3">3</a>) or (<span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-7014"></a> only)
</p><!--l. 1880--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\printunsrtglossaries </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1881--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 1883--><p class="indent" > If you use <a
href="#option1">Option 1</a>, you don’t need to do anything else. If you use Options <a
href="#option2">2</a>
or <a
href="#option3">3</a> with the <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-7015"></a> Perl script or the <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries-lite</span><a
id="dx1-7016"></a> Lua
script, you similarly don’t need to do anything else. If you use Options <a
href="#option2">2</a>
or <a
href="#option3">3</a> without the <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-7017"></a> Perl script or <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries-lite</span><a
id="dx1-7018"></a>
Lua script then you need to make sure you run <span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-7019"></a>/<span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-7020"></a> <span
class="cmti-10">for each</span>
<span
class="cmti-10">defined glossary</span>. The ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">gls</span>⟩ and ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">glo</span>⟩ arguments of <span
class="cmtt-10">\newglossary </span>specify the file
extensions to use instead of <span
class="cmtt-10">.gls </span>and <span
class="cmtt-10">.glo</span>. The optional argument ⟨<span
class="cmti-10">glg</span>⟩ is the file
extension for the transcript file. This should be different for each glossary in
case you need to check for <span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-7021"></a>/<span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-7022"></a> errors or warnings if things go
wrong.
</p><!--l. 1898--><p class="indent" > For example, suppose you have three glossaries in your document (<span
class="cmtt-10">main</span>, <span
class="cmtt-10">acronym</span>
and <span
class="cmtt-10">notation</span>), specified using:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-94">
\usepackage[acronyms]{glossaries}
 <br />\newglossary[nlg]{notation}{not}{ntn}{Notation}
</div>
<!--l. 1904--><p class="nopar" > Then (assuming your LaTeX document is in a file called <span
class="cmtt-10">myDoc.tex</span>):
</p><!--l. 1908--><p class="indent" >
</p><dl class="description"><dt class="description">
</dt><dd
class="description"><a
href="#option2">Option 2</a> Either use one <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-7023"></a> or <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries-lite</span><a
id="dx1-7024"></a> call:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-95">
makeglossaries myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1914--><p class="nopar" > or
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-96">
makeglossaries-lite myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1918--><p class="nopar" > Or you need to run <span
class="cmtt-10">makeindex</span><a
id="dx1-7025"></a> three times:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-97">
makeindex -t myDoc.glg -s myDoc.ist -o myDoc.gls myDoc.glo
 <br />makeindex -t myDoc.alg -s myDoc.ist -o myDoc.acr myDoc.acn
 <br />makeindex -t myDoc.nlg -s myDoc.ist -o myDoc.not myDoc.ntn
</div>
<!--l. 1924--><p class="nopar" >
</p></dd><dt class="description">
</dt><dd
class="description"><a
href="#option3">Option 3</a> Either use one <span
class="cmtt-10">makeglossaries</span><a
id="dx1-7026"></a> call:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-98">
makeglossaries myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1930--><p class="nopar" > Or you need to run <span
class="cmtt-10">xindy</span><a
id="dx1-7027"></a> three times (be careful not to insert line breaks
where the line has wrapped.)
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-99">
xindy  -L english -C utf8 -I xindy -M myDoc -t myDoc.glg
 <br />-o myDoc.gls myDoc.glo
 <br />xindy  -L english -C utf8 -I xindy -M myDoc -t myDoc.alg
 <br />-o myDoc.acr myDoc.acn
 <br />xindy  -L english -C utf8 -I xindy -M myDoc -t myDoc.nlg
 <br />-o myDoc.not myDoc.ntn
</div>
<!--l. 1940--><p class="nopar" >
</p></dd><dt class="description">
</dt><dd
class="description"><a
href="#option4">Option 4</a> With <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-7028"></a> only one call is required:
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-100">
pdflatex myDoc
 <br />bib2gls --group myDoc
 <br />pdflatex myDoc
</div>
<!--l. 1948--><p class="nopar" > (Omit <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
class="cmtt-10">--group</span></span></span> if you don’t need letter groups.)</p></dd></dl>
<!--l. 1953--><p class="noindent" >
</p>
<!--l. 1953--><p class="noindent" ><a
href="#top">Top</a><h2 class="sectionHead"></p><h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">7 </span> <a
id="sec:hyperref"></a><span
class="cmss-10">glossaries </span>and <span
class="cmss-10">hyperref</span></h3>
<!--l. 1956--><p class="noindent" >Take care if you use the <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span><a
id="dx1-8001"></a> package with <span
class="cmss-10">hyperref</span><a
id="dx1-8002"></a>. Contrary to the usual advice
that <span
class="cmss-10">hyperref</span><a
id="dx1-8003"></a> should be loaded last, <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span><a
id="dx1-8004"></a> (and <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-8005"></a>) must be loaded
<span
class="cmti-10">after </span><span
class="cmss-10">hyperref</span><a
id="dx1-8006"></a>:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-101">
\usepackage[colorlinks]{hyperref}
 <br />\usepackage{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1963--><p class="nopar" > If you use <span
class="cmss-10">hyperref</span><a
id="dx1-8007"></a> make sure you use PDFLaTeX rather than the LaTeX to DVI
engine. The DVI format can’t break hyperlinks across a line so long glossary entries
(such as the full form of acronyms) won’t line wrap with the DVI engine.
Also, hyperlinks in sub- or superscripts aren’t correctly sized with the DVI
format.
</p><!--l. 1970--><p class="indent" > By default, if the <span
class="cmss-10">hyperref</span><a
id="dx1-8008"></a> package has been loaded, commands like <span
class="cmtt-10">\gls </span>will form
a hyperlink to the relevant entry in the glossary. If you want to disable this for <span
class="cmti-10">all</span>
your glossaries, then use:
</p><!--l. 1975--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\glsdisablehyper </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 1976--><p class="noindent" >
If you want hyperlinks suppressed for entries in specific glossaries, then use the
<span
class="cmss-10">nohypertypes</span><a
id="dx1-8009"></a> package option. For example, if you don’t want hyperlinks for entries in
the <span
class="cmtt-10">acronym </span>and <span
class="cmtt-10">notation </span>glossaries but you do want them for entries in the <span
class="cmtt-10">main</span>
glossary, then do:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-102">
\usepackage[colorlinks]{hyperref}
 <br />\usepackage[acronym,nohypertypes={acronym,notation}]{glossaries}
 <br />\newglossary[nlg]{notation}{not}{ntn}{Notation}
</div>
<!--l. 1986--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 1988--><p class="indent" > If you want the hyperlinks suppressed the first time an entry is used, but you
want hyperlinks for subsequence references then use the <span
class="cmss-10">hyperfirst</span><span
class="cmtt-10">=</span><span
class="cmss-10">false</span><a
id="dx1-8010"></a> package
option:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-103">
\usepackage[colorlinks]{hyperref}
 <br />\usepackage[hyperfirst=false]{glossaries}
</div>
<!--l. 1994--><p class="nopar" > The <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-8011"></a> extension package provides another method using category
attributes. See the <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-8012"></a> user manual for further details.
</p><!--l. 1999--><p class="indent" > Take care not to use non-expandable commands in PDF bookmarks. This isn’t
specific to the <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span><a
id="dx1-8013"></a> package but is a limitation of PDF bookmarks.
Non-expandable commands include commands like <span
class="cmtt-10">\gls</span>, <span
class="cmtt-10">\glspl</span>, <span
class="cmtt-10">\Gls </span>and <span
class="cmtt-10">\Glspl</span>.
The <span
class="cmss-10">hyperref</span><a
id="dx1-8014"></a> package provides a way of specifying alternative text for the PDF
bookmarks via <span
class="cmtt-10">\texorpdfstring</span>. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-104">
\section{The \texorpdfstring{\gls{fishage}}{Fish Age}}
</div>
<!--l. 2007--><p class="nopar" > However, it’s not a good idea to use commands like <span
class="cmtt-10">\gls </span>in a section heading as
you’ll end up with the table of contents page in your location list. Instead you can
use
</p><!--l. 2012--><p class="indent" > <hr><div title="Definition"><span
class="cmtt-10">\glsentrytext{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">} </span></div><hr>
</p><!--l. 2013--><p class="noindent" >
This is expandable provided that the <span
class="cmtt-10">text </span>key doesn’t contain non-expandable code.
For example, the following works:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-105">
\section{The \glsentrytext{fishage}}
</div>
<!--l. 2018--><p class="nopar" > and it doesn’t put the table of contents in the location list.
</p><!--l. 2021--><p class="indent" > If you use <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-8015"></a> then use the commands that are provided specifically for
use in section headers. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-106">
\section{The \glsfmttext{fishage}}
</div>
<!--l. 2025--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 2027--><p class="noindent" >
</p>
<!--l. 2027--><p class="noindent" ><a
href="#top">Top</a><h2 class="sectionHead"></p><h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">8 </span> <a
id="sec:xr"></a>Cross-References</h3>
<!--l. 2030--><p class="noindent" >You can add a reference to another entry in a location list using the <span
class="cmtt-10">see={</span>⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label list</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}</span>
key when you define an entry. The referenced entry (or entries) must also be
defined.
</p><!--l. 2034--><p class="indent" > For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-107">
\longnewglossaryentry{devonian}{name={Devonian}}%
 <br />{%
 <br />  The geologic period spanning from the end of the
 <br />  Silurian Period to the beginning of the Carboniferous Period.
 <br />  This age was known for its remarkable variety of
 <br />  fish species.
 <br />}
 <br />\newglossaryentry{fishage}
 <br />{
 <br />  name={Fish Age},
 <br />  description={Common name for the Devonian period},
 <br />  see={devonian}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 2051--><p class="nopar" > The cross-reference will appear as “<span
class="cmti-10">see </span>Devonian”. You can change the “see” tag
using the format <span
class="cmtt-10">see=[</span>⟨<span
class="cmti-10">tag</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">]</span>⟨<span
class="cmti-10">label</span>⟩. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-108">
\newglossaryentry{latinalph}
 <br />{
 <br />  name={Latin alphabet},
 <br />  description={alphabet consisting of the letters
 <br />  a, \ldots, z, A, \ldots, Z},
 <br />  see=[see also]{exlatinalph}
 <br />}
 <br />\newglossaryentry{exlatinalph}
 <br />{
 <br />   name={extended Latin alphabet},
 <br />   description={The Latin alphabet extended to include
 <br />   other letters such as ligatures or diacritics.}
 <br />}
</div>
<!--l. 2069--><p class="nopar" > If you use the <span
class="cmtt-10">see </span>key in the optional argument of <span
class="cmtt-10">\newacronym</span>, make sure you
enclose the value in braces. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-109">
\newacronym{ksvm}{ksvm}{kernel support vector machine}
 <br />\newacronym
 <br /> [see={[see also]{ksvm}}]
 <br /> {svm}{svm}{support vector machine}
</div>
<!--l. 2078--><p class="nopar" > The <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span><a
id="dx1-9001"></a> package provides a <span
class="cmtt-10">seealso </span>key. This doesn’t allow a tag but
behaves much like <span
class="cmtt-10">see=</span><span
class="cmsy-10">{</span><span
class="cmtt-10">[\seealsoname]{</span>⟨<span
class="cmitt-10">label</span>⟩<span
class="cmtt-10">}</span><span
class="cmsy-10">}</span>. For example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-110">
\newabbreviation{ksvm}{ksvm}{kernel support vector machine}
 <br />\newabbreviation
 <br /> [seealso={ksvm}]
 <br /> {svm}{svm}{support vector machine}
</div>
<!--l. 2087--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 2089--><p class="indent" > Since the cross-reference appears in the location list, if you suppress the
location list using the <span
class="cmss-10">nonumberlist</span><a
id="dx1-9002"></a> package option, then the cross-reference
will also be suppressed. With <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span><a
id="dx1-9003"></a>, don’t use the <span
class="cmss-10">nonumberlist</span><a
id="dx1-9004"></a> package
option. Instead use the <span
class="cmtt-10">save-locations=false </span>in the resource options. For
example:
</p>
<div class="verbatim" id="verbatim-111">
\usepackage[record,abbreviations,symbols]{glossaries-extra}
 <br />\GlsXtrLoadResources[
 <br /> src={terms}, % entries defined in terms.bib
 <br /> type={main}% put in main glossary
 <br />]
 <br />\GlsXtrLoadResources[
 <br /> src={abbrvs}, % entries defined in abbrvs.bib
 <br /> type={abbreviations},% put in abbreviations glossary
 <br /> save-locations=false% no number list for these entries
 <br />]
 <br />\GlsXtrLoadResources[
 <br /> src={syms}, % entries defined in syms.bib
 <br /> type={symbols}% put in symbols glossary
 <br />]
</div>
<!--l. 2111--><p class="nopar" >
</p><!--l. 2113--><p class="noindent" >
</p>
<!--l. 2113--><p class="noindent" ><a
href="#top">Top</a><h2 class="sectionHead"></p><h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9 </span> <a
id="sec:moreinfo"></a>Further Information</h3>
<ul class="itemize1">
<li class="itemize"><a
href="http://mirrors.ctan.org/support/bib2gls/bib2gls-begin.pdf" ><span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra </span>and <span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span>: an introductory guide</a>.
</li>
<li class="itemize">The main <span
class="cmss-10">glossaries</span><a
id="dx1-10001"></a> <a
href="glossaries-user.html" >user manual</a>.
</li>
<li class="itemize">The <a
href="http://www.dickimaw-books.com/faqs/glossariesfaq.html" >glossaries FAQ</a>.
</li>
<li class="itemize"><a
href="https://www.dickimaw-books.com/latex/buildglossaries/" >Incorporating makeglossaries or makeglossaries-lite or bib2gls into the
document build</a>.
</li>
<li class="itemize">The <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/glossaries-extra" ><span
class="cmss-10">glossaries-extra</span></a> package.
</li>
<li class="itemize">The <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bib2gls" ><span
class="cmtt-10">bib2gls</span></a> application.</li></ul>
<!--l. 2128--><p class="noindent" >The <a
href="https://www.dickimaw-books.com/gallery" >Dickimaw Books Gallery</a> provides additional example documents.
</p><div class="footnotes"><!--l. 1066--><p class="noindent" ><span class="footnote-mark"><a
href="#fn1x0-bk" id="fn1x0"><sup class="textsuperscript">1</sup></a></span><span
class="cmr-8">deprecated, use </span><span
class="cmss-8">babel</span><a
id="dx1-5021"></a> <span
class="cmr-8">instead</span></p> </div>
</body></html>
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