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\documentclass[parskip=half, pagesize=auto, version=last]{scrartcl}
\usepackage{fixltx2e}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{braket}
\usepackage{microtype}
\addtokomafont{title}{\rmfamily}
\title{The \textsf{braket} package}
\subtitle{Macros for Dirac bra--ket $\langle\mid\rangle$ notation and sets $\lbrace\mid\rbrace$}
\author{Donald Arseneau\\\texttt{asnd@triumf.ca}}
\date{12--Sept--2006}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
Commands defined are:
\begin{tabular}{@{}*{4}{>{\ttfamily\textbackslash}c<{\{~\}}}>{(}l<{~versions)}@{}}
bra & ket & braket & set & small \\
Bra & Ket & Braket & Set & expanding
\end{tabular}
The ``small versions'' use fixed-size brackets independent of their
contents, whereas the ``expanding versions'' make the brackets and
vertical lines expand to envelop their contents (internally using
the \verb+\left+ and \verb+\right+ commands). You should use the vertical bar
character ``\verb+|+'' to input any extra vertical lines. In \verb+\Braket+ these
vertical lines will expand to match the arguments, and in \verb+\Set+ the
first vertical will expand. E.\,g.,
\begingroup
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1.7}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{10pt}
\begin{tabular}{@{}>{\footnotesize}r>{$\displaystyle}l<{$}@{}}
\verb+\Braket{ \phi | \frac{\partial^2}{\partial t^2} | \psi }+ & \Braket{ \phi | \frac{\partial^2}{\partial t^2} | \psi } \\
\verb+\Set{ x\in\mathbf{R}^2 | 0<{|x|}<5 }+ & \Set{ x\in\mathbf{R}^2 | 0<{|x|}<5 } \\
\end{tabular}
\endgroup
Likewise, you may make an expandable double-bar using either
the ``\verb+\|+'' command or its local alias ``\verb+||+''.
NOT defined is ``\verb+\ketbra+'' (for projection operators) because I prefer
\verb+\ket{ } \bra{ }+.
Because each definition is so small, it makes no sense to have a
complicated generic version for many bracket styles. Instead,
you can just copy the definitions and change \verb+\langle+ or \verb+\rangle+,
to what you like.
\end{document}
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