path: root/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/mfpic/mfpcard.tex

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%  NASA Ames Research Center
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% Modified on 9 Dec 1992 by:
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%  University of Illinois
%  Internet: d-lewart@uiuc.edu
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\title{MFPIC Quick Reference}

\centerline{(Copyright 2000--2012 by Daniel Luecking)}
\medskip
This information was prepared for version 1.10 of \prog{mfpic}.

\section{Preamble commands}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.4}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.6}

\describe{Load \prog{mfpic} package (\LaTeX)}
        {\cs{usepackage}\oarg{\meta{options}}\marg{mfpic}}
\describe{Options}{\opt{metafont} \alt \opt{metapost}, \opt{mplabels},
        \opt{overlaylabels}, \opt{centeredcaptions},
        \opt{raggedcaptions}, \opt{clip}, \opt{truebbox}, \opt{draft},
        \opt{final}, \opt{nowrite}, \opt{mfpreadlog}}
\describe{Load \prog{mfpic}; activate options (\plainTeX)}
        {\cs{input} \file{mfpic}. \cs{usemetafont} \alt
        \cs{usemetapost}, \cs{usemplabels}, \cs{overlaylabels}
        \cs{usecenteredcaptions}, \cs{useraggedcaptions},
        \cs{clipmfpic}, \cs{usetruebbox}, \cs{mfpicdraft},
        \cs{mfpicfinal}, \cs{mfpicnowrite}, \cs{mfpreadlog}}
\describe{Turn off some options}
        {\cs{nomplabels}, \cs{nooverlaylabels},
        \cs{nocenteredcaptions}, \cs{noraggedcaptions}, \cs{noclipmfpic},
        \cs{notruebbox}}
\describe{Set up/close the output file}
        {\cs{opengraphsfile}\marg{\meta{base name}}$\ldots$\cs{closegraphsfile}}

\section{The {\tensf mfpic} environment}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.30}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.70}

\describe{Start an \prog{mfpic} figure}
    {\cs{mfpic}\oarg{\meta{xscale}}\oarg{\meta{yscale}}%
    \marg{\meta{$x_{\min}$}}\allowbreak\marg{\meta{$x_{max}$}}\allowbreak
    \marg{\meta{$y_{min}$}}\allowbreak\marg{\meta{$y_{max}$}}\brk
    \null\quad\meta{mfpic commands}\brk
    \cs{endmfpic}}
\describe{\quad\LaTeX{} (optional)}
        {\cs{begin}\marg{mfpic}${}\equiv{}$\cs{mfpic},
          \cs{end}\marg{mfpic}${}\equiv{}$\cs{endmfpic}}


\section{Dimensions (lengths)}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.58}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.42}

\describe{\sl Purpose; where used:} {\sl Name and default value:}
\vskip1pt
\describe{Unit of length; \cs{mfpic}} {\cs{mfpicunit}, \tt 1pt}
\describe{Size of a symbol; \cs{point}, \cs{plot}, and \cs{plotsymbol}}
        {\cs{pointsize}, \tt 2pt}
\describe{Darkness of shading; \cs{shade}} {\cs{shadespace}, \tt 1pt }
\describe{Space between dots; \cs{polkadot}}
    {\cs{polkadotspace}, \tt 10pt}
\describe{Space between hatch lines; hatching macros}
    {\cs{hatchspace}, \tt 3pt}
\describe{Size of arrowhead; \cs{arrow}} {\cs{headlen}, \tt 3pt}
\describe{Size of x-, y-axis arrowhead; xy-axes macros}
    {\cs{axisheadlen}, \tt 5pt}
\describe{Size of border axis arrowhead; side axis macros}
    {\cs{sideheadlen}, \tt 0pt}
\describe{Size of marks on axes; axis marks} {\cs{hashlen}, \tt 4pt}
\describe{Size of dashes; \cs{dashed}} {\cs{dashlen}, \tt 4pt}
\describe{Space between dashes; \cs{dashed}} {\cs{dashspace}, \tt 4pt}
\describe{Size of dots; \cs{dotted}} {\cs{dotsize}, \tt 0.5pt}
\describe{Space between dots; \cs{dotted}} {\cs{dotspace}, 3pt}
\describe{Space between symbols; \cs{plot}} {\cs{symbolspace}, \tt 5pt}

\medskip
The following commands are used to change the size of some dimension
parameters:

\smallskip
\describe{{\sl Purpose} ({\sl default\/}):} {\sl Command:}
\vskip1pt
\describe{Set diameter of drawing pen ({\tt 0.5pt})}
        {\cs{penwd}\marg{\meta{dimen}}}
\describe{Set diameter of shading dots ({\tt 0.5pt})}
        {\cs{shadewd}\marg{\meta{dimen}}}
\describe{Set diameter of polkadot ({\tt 5pt})}
        {\cs{polkadotwd}\marg{\meta{dimen}}}
\describe{Set diameter of hatching pen ({\tt 0.5pt})}
        {\cs{hatchwd}\marg{\meta{dimen}}}
\describe{Multiply \cs{shadespace} by 1.2} {\cs{lightershade}}
\describe{Divide \cs{shadespace} by 1.2} {\cs{darkershade}}

%\vfil\eject
\section{Colors}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.45}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.55}

\smallskip
\describe{Set color for curves} {\cs{drawcolor}\marg{\meta{color}}}
\describe{Set color for fills} {\cs{fillcolor}\marg{\meta{color}}}
\describe{Set color for points, symbols} {\cs{pointcolor}\marg{\meta{color}}}
\describe{Set color for hatching} {\cs{hatchcolor}\marg{\meta{color}}}
\describe{Set color for arrowheads} {\cs{headcolor}\marg{\meta{color}}}
\describe{Set color for tlabels} {\cs{tlabelcolor}\marg{\meta{color}}}
\describe{Set color used by \cs{gclear}} {\cs{backgroundcolor}\marg{\meta{color}}}
\describe{\quad \LaTeX{} syntax}
        {\cs{drawcolor}\oarg{\meta{model}}\marg{\meta{clrspec}}, etc.}
\describe{Define a color name} {\cs{mfpdefinecolor}\marg{\meta{name}}\marg{\meta{model}}\marg{\meta{clrspec}}}


\section{Common geometric figures}

Drawing commands that operate on a variable length list in braces may
be followed by \cs{datafile}\marg{\meta{filename}} instead of the list.

\subsection{Points}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.42}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.58}

\describe{Place a symbol at given point(s)}
        {\cs{plotsymbol}\oarg{\meta{size}}\marg{\meta{name}}%
         \marg{($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$}}
\describe{\quad Available symbol names} {{\tt Triangle}, {\tt Square}, {\tt Circle}, {\tt
        Diamond}, {\tt Star}, {\tt SolidTriangle}, {\tt SolidSquare}, {\tt SolidCircle},
        {\tt SolidDiamond}, \tt{SolidStar}, {\tt Plus}, {\tt Cross},
        {\tt Asterisk}}
\describe{Points (filled or unfilled circles)}
        {\cs{point}\oarg{\meta{size}}\marg{($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$}}
\describe{Force filled/open circles in \cs{point}:}
        {\cs{pointfilltrue}/\cs{pointfillfalse}}

\subsection{Lines}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.45}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.55}

\describe{Connect points with lines}
        {\cs{polyline}\marg{($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$},
         or (\cs{lines})}
\describe{Closed polygon}
        {\cs{polygon}\marg{($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$}}
\describe{Concatenate vectors}
        {\cs{turtle}\marg{\meta{initialpoint},\meta{$v_1$},\meta{$v_2$},$\ldots$}}
\describe{Rectangle (upright) with given corners}
        {\cs{rect}\marg{($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$)}}

\subsection{Circles, arcs and ellipses}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.55}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.45}

\describe{Circles} {}
\describe{\qquad polar form (default):}
        {\cs{circle}\oarg{p}\marg{\meta{center},\meta{radius}}}
\describe{\qquad three-point form:}
        {\cs{circle}\oarg{t}\marg{($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),($x_2,y_2$)}}
\describe{\qquad center-point form:}
        {\cs{circle}\oarg{c}\marg{\meta{center},\meta{point}}}
\describe{\qquad point-sweep form:}
        {\cs{circle}\oarg{s}\marg{($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),\meta{angle}}}
\describe{Arcs} {}
\describe{\qquad polar form:}
        {\cs{arc}\oarg{p}\marg{\meta{center},\meta{$\theta_1$},\meta{$\theta_2$},%
        \meta{radius}}}
\describe{\qquad three-point form:}
        {\cs{arc}\oarg{t}\marg{($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),($x_2,y_2$)}}
\describe{\qquad center-point-angle form:}
        {\cs{arc}\oarg{c}\marg{\meta{center},\meta{point},\meta{angle}}}
\describe{\qquad point-sweep form (default):}
        {\cs{arc}\oarg{s}\marg{($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),\meta{angle}}}
\describe{Ellipse, center $(x_0,y_0)$, radii \meta{$r_x$}, \meta{$r_y$}, angle
\meta{$\theta$}}
        {\cs{ellipse}\oarg{\meta{$\theta$}}%
        \tt\{($x_0,y_0$),\meta{$r_x$},\meta{$r_y$}\}}

\section{General curves}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.45}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.55}

A \meta{spec} can be {\tt p} (for polyline) or {\tt s} (for smooth)
followed by a number for the tension.

\smallskip
\describe{Smooth curve through points}
        {\cs{curve}\oarg{\meta{tension}}\marg{($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$}}
\describe{Graph of $y=f(x)$}
        {\cs{function}\oarg{\meta{spec}}\marg{$x_{\min}$,$x_{\max}$,%
         $\Delta x$}\marg{$f(\hbox{\tt x})$}}
\describe{Graph of parametric curve $(x(t),y(t))$}
        {\cs{parafcn}\oarg{\meta{spec}}\marg{$t_{\min}$,$t_{\max}$,$\Delta t$}%
         \marg{($x(\hbox{\tt t})$, $y(\hbox{\tt t})$)}}
\describe{Graph of $r = f(\theta)$}
        {\cs{plrfcn}\oarg{\meta{spec}}%
        \marg{$\theta_{\min}$,$\theta_{\max}$,$\Delta\theta$}\marg{$f(\hbox{\tt t})$}}
\describe{Interpolate with a smooth {\it function}}
        {\cs{fcncurve}\oarg{\meta{tension}}\marg{($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$}}
\describe{Curve from data in a file}
        {\cs{datafile}\oarg{\meta{spec}}\marg{\meta{file}}}
\describe{\quad Set how \cs{datafile} processes a line}
        {\cs{using}\marg{\meta{read\_pattern}}\marg{\meta{write\_pattern}}\brk
        Default is \cs{using}\marg{\#1 \#2 \#3}\marg{(\#1,\#2)}}


\section{Regions}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.45}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.55}

Curves are not necessarily `closed' even if the start and end are the
same. The following are closed (can be filled), as are \cs{rect},
\cs{polygon}, \cs{circle}, and \cs{ellipse}.

\smallskip
\describe{Closed curve through given points}
        {\cs{cyclic}\oarg{\meta{tension}}\marg{$(x_1,y_1),(x_2,y_2),\ldots$}}
\describe{Circular sector (pie slice)}
        {\cs{sector}\marg{\meta{center},\meta{radius},\meta{$\theta_1$},%
         \meta{$\theta_2$}}}
\describe{Region between two functions}
        {\cs{btwnfcn}\oarg{\meta{spec}}\marg{$x_{\min}$,%
         $x_{\max}$,$\Delta x$}\marg{$f(\hbox{\tt x})$}\marg{$g(\hbox{\tt x})$}}
\describe{Region in polar coordinates}
        {\cs{plrregion}\oarg{\meta{spec}}\marg{$\theta_{\min}$,$\theta_{\max}$,%
        $\Delta \theta$}\marg{$f(\hbox{\tt t})$}}
\describe{Curves surrounding text}
        {\cs{tlabelrect}\oarg{\meta{radius}}\parg{\meta{x},\meta{y}}\marg{\meta{text}}\brk
         \cs{tlabeloval}\oarg{\meta{mult}}\parg{\meta{x},\meta{y}}\marg{\meta{text}}\brk
         \cs{tlabelellipse}\oarg{\meta{ratio}}\parg{\meta{x},\meta{y}}\marg{\meta{text}}\brk
         \meta{radius}: round corners. \meta{mult}: stretch horizontally.
         \meta{ratio}: width/height of ellipse}


\section{Prefix macros}

\subsection{Drawing curves}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.4}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.6}

\describe{Dashed path}{\cs{dashed}\oarg{\meta{length},\meta{gap}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Dotted path}{\cs{dotted}\oarg{\meta{size},\meta{gap}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Trace a path with symbols}
        {\cs{plot}\oarg{\meta{size},\meta{gap}}\marg{\meta{symbol}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Generalized dashes}{\cs{gendashed}\marg{\meta{patname}}$\ldots$}
\describe{\quad Define a named dash pattern}
        {\cs{dashpattern}\marg{\meta{patname}}\marg{\meta{len$_1$},\meta{len$_2$},$\ldots$,%
            \meta{len$_{2n}$}}}
\describe{Place a symbol at all nodes}
        {\cs{plotnodes}\oarg{\meta{size}}\marg{\meta{symbol}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Solid curve}{\cs{draw}\oarg{\meta{color}}$\ldots$}


\subsection{Closing a curve}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.45}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.55}

These turn any path into a `closed' path (result can then be filled).

\smallskip
\describe{Close with a straight line,}{\cs{lclosed}$\ldots$}
\describe{Close with a smooth join, like \cs{cycle},}{\cs{sclosed}$\ldots$}
\describe{Close letting \MF{} choose}{\cs{bclosed}$\ldots$}

\subsection{Filling closed curves}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.4}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.6}

These filling prefixes turn off automatic drawing of the curve.

\smallskip
\describe{Solid fill} {\cs{gfill}\oarg{\meta{color}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Unfill} {\cs{gclear}$\ldots$}
\describe{Hatched fills}
        {\cs{thatch}\oarg{\meta{space},\meta{angle}}\oarg{\meta{color}}$\ldots$}
\describe{\qquad \meta{angle}${}=45\,$deg}
        {\cs{rhatch}\oarg{\meta{space}}\oarg{\meta{color}}$\ldots$}
\describe{\qquad \meta{angle}${}=-45\,$deg}
        {\cs{lhatch}\oarg{\meta{space}}\oarg{\meta{color}}$\ldots$}
\describe{\qquad crosshatching}
        {\cs{xhatch}\oarg{\meta{space}}\oarg{\meta{color}}$\ldots$}
\describe{}  {\cs{hatch} $=$ \cs{xhatch}}
\describe{Shading}
        {\cs{shade}\oarg{\meta{space}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Gradients$^{\dag}$}
        {\cs{gradient}\marg{\meta{clr},\meta{width},\meta{angle}}$\ldots$}
\describe{}
        {\cs{areagradient}\marg{\meta{clr},\meta{h-wd},\meta{v-wd}}$\ldots$}
\describe{}
        {\cs{radialgradient}\marg{\meta{clr},\meta{wd},\meta{center}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Polkadot fill}{\cs{polkadot}\oarg{\meta{space}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Fill with copies of a tile} {\cs{tess}\marg{\meta{tile}}$\ldots$}
\describe{\quad Define a tile*}
        {\cs{tile}\marg{\meta{name},\meta{unit},\meta{width},\meta{height},\meta{clip}}
        \meta{drawing commands} \cs{endtile}}

\smallskip
$^{\dag}$ \meta{clr} is a function that returns a color for parameter(s)
in $(0,1)$.\brk
* Creates a mini-mfpic, clipped if \meta{clip}${}={}${\tt true}.

\subsection{Storing and reusing a path}

\describe{Store a path} {\cs{store}\marg{\meta{name}}$\ldots$}
\nobreak
\describe{\quad reusing a stored path} {\cs{mfobj}\marg{\meta{name}}}

\subsection{Subpaths}

\describe{Subpath by fractions of length}
        {\cs{partpath}\marg{\meta{frac1},\meta{frac2}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Subpath by node numbers} {\cs{subpath}\marg{\meta{m},\meta{n}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Cutting by another path}
        {\cs{cutoffafter}\marg{\meta{obj}}$\ldots$,
        \cs{cutoffbefore}\marg{\meta{obj}}$\ldots$.\brk
        \meta{obj} is a name created with \cs{store}}
\describe{Trim the ends of a path}
        {\cs{trimpath}\marg{\meta{dim1},\meta{dim2}}$\ldots$}


\subsection{Modifying a curve}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.4}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.6}

\describe{Add arrowhead to the end}
        {\cs{arrow}\oarg{l\meta{length}}\oarg{r\meta{angle}}%
         \oarg{b\meta{backset}}\oarg{c\meta{color}}$\ldots$}
\describe{\quad Define arrowhead shape}
        {\cs{headshape}\marg{\meta{ratio}}\marg{\meta{tension}}\marg{\meta{filled}}}
\describe{Reverse a curve} {\cs{reverse}$\ldots$}
\describe{Double arrow} {\cs{arrow}\cs{reverse}\cs{arrow}$\ldots$}
\describe{Rotate around a point} {\cs{rotatepath}\marg{($x_0$,$y_0$),\meta{angle}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Reflect about a line} {\cs{reflectpath}\marg{($x_0$,$y_0$),($x_1$,$y_1$)}$\ldots$}
\describe{Shift} {\cs{shiftpath}\marg{($dx$,$dy$)}$\ldots$}
\describe{Scale around a point} {\cs{scalepath}\marg{($x_0$,$y_0$),\meta{scale}}$\ldots$}
\describe{xscale about line $x=x_0$} {\cs{xscalepath}\marg{$x_0$,\meta{scale}}$\ldots$}
\describe{yscale about line $y=y_0$} {\cs{yscalepath}\marg{$y_0$,\meta{scale}}$\ldots$}
\describe{slant, pivoting on line $y=y_0$} {\cs{slantpath}\marg{$y_0$,\meta{slant}}$\ldots$}
\describe{yslant, pivoting on line $x=x_0$} {\cs{yslantpath}\marg{$x_0$,\meta{slant}}$\ldots$}
\describe{Swap x and y} {\cs{xyswappath}$\ldots$}


\section{Axes}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.30}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.70}

\describe{Draw x- and/or y-axes} {\cs{axes}\oarg{\meta{headlen}},
        \cs{xaxis}\oarg{\meta{headlen}}, \cs{yaxis}\oarg{\meta{headlen}}}
\describe{Draw various axes}
        {\cs{axis}\oarg{\meta{headlen}}\marg{\meta{axis}}, \ \meta{axis} is one of
        {\tt x}, {\tt y}, {\tt l}, {\tt b}, {\tt r}, or {\tt t}.}
\describe{Draw many axes} {\cs{doaxes}\oarg{\meta{headlen}}\marg{\meta{list}}, \
        \meta{list} of letters, no commas.}
\describe{Shift border axis inward}
        {\cs{axismargin}\marg{\meta{axis}}\marg{\meta{amt}}, \ \meta{amt} is
        in graph units.}
\describe{Add hashmarks to axes}{%
        \cs{axismarks}\marg{\meta{axis}}\oarg{\meta{len}}\marg{$c_1$,$c_2$,$\ldots$}, \
        $c_j$ are positions.\brk Abbrev. by
        \cs{xmarks} for \cs{axismarks}\marg{x}, etc.}
\describe{Change position of hash marks}
        {\cs{setaxismarks}\marg{\meta{axis}}\marg{\meta{pos}} \ \meta{pos} is one of
            {\tt inside}, {\tt outside}, {\tt centered}, {\tt ontop},
            {\tt onbottom}, {\tt onleft}, or {\tt onright}.}

\section{Miscellaneous}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.30}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.70}

\describe{Text labels}
        {\cs{tlabel}\oarg{\meta{pos}\meta{$\theta$}}%
                \parg{\meta{x},\meta{y}}\marg{\meta{\TeX{} text}}\brk
         \cs{tlabels}\marg{\meta{args$_1$}\meta{args$_2$}$\ldots$}\brk
         \cs{axislabels}\marg{\meta{axis}}\oarg{\meta{pos}\meta{$\theta$}}%
                \marg{\marg{\meta{txt$_1$}}\meta{$n_1$},%
                \marg{\meta{txt$_2$}}\meta{$n_2$},$\ldots$}\brk
            \meta{pos} is a two-letter sequence, \meta{$\theta$} the
            angle* of rotation in degrees;
            \meta{args$_j$} is an entire set of arguments as in \cs{tlabel};
            \meta{axis} is a letter, \meta{txt$_j$} is label, \meta{$n_j$}
            is coordinate on axis}
\describe{Clipping to a path} {\cs{gclip}$\ldots$}
\describe{Polar conversion}
        {\cs{plr}\marg{($r_0$,$\theta_0$),($r_1$,$\theta_1$),$\ldots$}}
\describe{Connect paths} {\cs{connect} \meta{path1} \meta{path2} $\ldots$
        \cs{endconnect}}
\describe{Draw many curves from one datafile}
        {\cs{plotdata}\oarg{\meta{spec}}\marg{\meta{file}}, \ \meta{spec} is {\tt
        p} or {\tt s\meta{num}} where \meta{num} is the (optional) tension
        in the smooth curve}
\describe{Set how \cs{plotdata} draws curves$^{\dag}$}{\cs{dashedlines}
        \ (different dash patterns)\brk
        \cs{coloredlines} \ (different colors, \MP{} only)\brk
        \cs{pointedlines} \ (different symbols, like \cs{plot})\brk
        \cs{datapointsonly} \ (different symbols, like \cs{plotnodes})}

\smallskip
* The angle is optional, and ignored unless option \opt{mplabels} is
in effect.\brk
$^{\dag}$ \cs{plotdata} also respects the \cs{using} setting (see
\cs{datafile} in section {\bf General curves}).

\bye

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