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diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/dvipng/dvipng.html b/Master/texmf/doc/dvipng/dvipng.html index 692fffa865a..bcbc45d8bc7 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/dvipng/dvipng.html +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/dvipng/dvipng.html @@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ <ul> <li><a href="#Encapsulated-PostScript">5.1 Encapsulated PostScript</a> <li><a href="#Bitmapped-graphics">5.2 Bitmapped graphics</a> +<li><a href="#Raw-PostScript">5.3 Raw PostScript</a> </li></ul> <li><a name="toc_Color" href="#Color">6 Color</a> <ul> @@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#dir">(dir)</a> <p>This manual documents dvipng, a program to translate a DVI (DeVice Independent) file into PNG (Portable Network Graphics). - <p>This file documents dvipng version 1.13 + <p>This file documents dvipng version 1.14 <p>Corrections or perhaps rewrites of sections are <em>very welcome</em>. @@ -402,13 +403,13 @@ be output as <samp><span class="file">foo1.png</span></samp>, <samp><span class= <samp><span class="file">foo4.png</span></samp>, respectively. <p>If you have enabled the PostScript font support (via FreeType or T1lib), -fonts will be rendered as they are needed. Otherwise, if you use fonts -that have not been used on your system before, they may be automatically -generated; this process can take a few minutes, so progress reports -appear by default. The next time the same font is used, it will have -been saved on disk, so rendering will go much faster. (If dvipng tries -to endlessly generate the same fonts over and over again, something is -wrong. See <a href="kpathsea.html#Unable-to-generate-fonts">Unable to generate fonts</a>.) +fonts will be rendered as they are needed. Otherwise, dvipng will use +bitmapped (PK) fonts, and if you use PK fonts that have not been used on +your system before, they may be automatically generated; this process +can take a few minutes, so progress reports appear by default. The next +time the same font is used, it will have been saved on disk, so +rendering will go much faster. (If dvipng tries to endlessly generate +the same fonts over and over again, something is wrong. See <a href="kpathsea.html#Unable-to-generate-fonts">Unable to generate fonts</a>.) <p>Many options are available (see the next section). For a brief summary of available options, just type @@ -449,7 +450,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Command_002dline-options">Command-line <p><a name="index-options_002c-summary-7"></a>Here is a handy summary of the options; it is printed out when you run dvipng with no arguments or with the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>’ option. -<pre class="example"> This is ./dvipng 1.13 Copyright 2002-2010 Jan-Ake Larsson +<pre class="example"> This is ./dvipng 1.14 Copyright 2002-2010 Jan-Ake Larsson Usage: ./dvipng [OPTION]... FILENAME[.dvi] Options are chosen to be similar to dvips' options where possible: @@ -473,12 +474,13 @@ dvipng with no arguments or with the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-- --dvinum* Use TeX page numbers in output filenames -fg s Foreground color (TeX-style color) --follow* Wait for data at end-of-file - --freetype* FreeType font rendering (default on) + --freetype* FreeType font rendering (preferred, default on) --gamma # Control color interpolation --gif Output GIF images (dvigif default) --height* Output the image height on stdout - --noghostscript* Don't use ghostscript for PostScript specials + --nogs* Don't use ghostscript for PostScript specials --nogssafer* Don't use -dSAFER in ghostscript calls + --norawps* Don't convert raw PostScript specials --palette* Force palette output --picky When a warning occurs, don't output image --png Output PNG images (dvipng default) @@ -486,6 +488,7 @@ dvipng with no arguments or with the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-- --t1lib* T1lib font rendering (default on) --truecolor* Truecolor output -Q # Quality (T1lib and PK subsampling) + --width* Output the image width on stdout -z # PNG compression level # = number f = file s = string * = suffix, '0' to turn off @@ -525,9 +528,11 @@ fallback color, to be used in viewers that cannot handle transparency TeX color \special syntax, e.g., 'rgb 1.0 0.0 0.0'. Setting the fallback color makes the default border width 1 px. See <a href="#Color">Color</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--bdpi </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-base-resolution_002c-setting-13"></a>Set the base (Metafont) resolution, both horizontal and vertical, to -<var>num</var> dpi (dots per inch). This option is necessary when manually -selecting Metafont mode with the –mode option (see below). + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--bdpi </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-base-resolution_002c-setting-13"></a>This option only has an effect when using bitmapped (PK) fonts. The +option sets the base (Metafont) resolution, both horizontal and +vertical, to <var>num</var> dpi (dots per inch). This option is necessary +when manually selecting Metafont mode with the –mode option (see +below). <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-bg </span><var>color_spec</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-background-color-_0028option_0029-14"></a>Choose background color for the images. This option will be ignored if there is a background color \special in the DVI. The color spec should @@ -593,12 +598,12 @@ available if the FreeType2 font library was present at compilation time. If this is the case, dvipng will have direct support for PostScript Type1 and TrueType fonts internally, rather than using ‘<samp><span class="samp">gsftopk</span></samp>’ for rendering the fonts. If you have PostScript versions of Computer -Modern installed, there will be no need to generate bitmapped variants -on disk of these. Then, you can render images at different (and unusual) -resolutions without cluttering the disk with lots of bitmapped fonts. -Note that if you have both FreeType and T1lib on your system, FreeType -will be preferred by dvipng. If you for some reason would want to use -T1lib rendering, use this option. +Modern installed, there will be no need to generate bitmapped (PK) +variants on disk of these. Then, you can render images at different (and +unusual) resolutions without cluttering the disk with lots of bitmapped +fonts. Note that if you have both FreeType and T1lib on your system, +FreeType will be preferred by dvipng. If you for some reason would want +to use T1lib rendering, use this option. <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--gamma </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-gamma-22"></a><a name="index-dark-fonts-23"></a><a name="index-light-fonts-24"></a><a name="index-fuzzy-images-25"></a>Control the interpolation of colors in the greyscale anti-aliasing color palette. Default value is 1.0. For 0 < <var>num</var> < 1, the @@ -627,19 +632,19 @@ compare with the TeX ‘<samp><span class="samp">\count0</span></samp>&rsquo Thus, using ‘<samp><span class="samp">-l =9</span></samp>’ will end with the ninth page of the document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--mode </span><var>mode</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-mode-name_002c-specifying-33"></a><a name="index-Metafont-mode_002c-specifying-34"></a>Use <var>mode</var> as the Metafont device name for the PK fonts (both for -path searching and font generation). This needs to be augmented with the -base device resolution, given with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">--bdpi</span></samp>’ option. See the -file <a href="ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf">ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf</a> for a list of resolutions and -mode names for most devices. See <a href="kpathsea.html#Unable-to-generate-fonts">Unable to generate fonts</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--mode </span><var>mode</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-mode-name_002c-specifying-33"></a><a name="index-Metafont-mode_002c-specifying-34"></a>This option only has an effect when using bitmapped (PK) fonts. Use +<var>mode</var> as the Metafont device name for the PK fonts (both for path +searching and font generation). This needs to be augmented with the base +device resolution, given with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">--bdpi</span></samp>’ option. See the file +<a href="ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf">ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf</a> for a list of resolutions and mode +names for most devices. See <a href="kpathsea.html#Unable-to-generate-fonts">Unable to generate fonts</a>. <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-M*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-font-generation_002c-avoiding-35"></a><a name="index-mktexpk_0040r_007b_002c-avoiding_007d-36"></a><!-- this description repeated in kpathsea.texi --> -Turns off automatic PK font generation (<samp><span class="file">mktexpk</span></samp>). This will have -no effect when using PostScript fonts, since no PK font generation will -be done anyway. +This option only has an effect when using bitmapped (PK) fonts. It turns +off automatic PK font generation (<samp><span class="file">mktexpk</span></samp>). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--noghostscript*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-GhostScript_002c-turning-off-37"></a>This switch prohibits the internal call to GhostScript for displaying -PostScript specials. ‘<samp><span class="samp">--noghostscript0</span></samp>’ turns the call back on. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--nogs*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-GhostScript_002c-turning-off-37"></a>This switch prohibits the internal call to GhostScript for displaying +PostScript specials. ‘<samp><span class="samp">--nogs0</span></samp>’ turns the call back on. <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--nogssafer*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-GhostScript-and-_002ddSAFER-38"></a><a name="index-g_t_002ddSAFER-39"></a>Normally, if GhostScript is used to render PostScript specials, the GhostScript interpreter is run with the option ‘<samp><span class="samp">-dSAFER</span></samp>’. The @@ -648,20 +653,25 @@ GhostScript interpreter is run with the option ‘<samp><span class="samp">- as deletefile, to prevent possibly malicious PostScript programs from having any effect. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-o </span><var>name</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-output_002c-redirecting-40"></a><a name="index-standard-output_002c-output-to-41"></a>Send output to the file <var>name</var>. A single occurrence of ‘<samp><span class="samp">%d</span></samp>’ or + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--norawps*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-PostScript_002c-turning-off-raw-PostScript-specials-40"></a>Some packages generate raw PostScript specials, even non-rendering such +specials. This switch turns off the internal call to GhostScript +intended to display these raw PostScript specials. ‘<samp><span class="samp">--norawps0</span></samp>’ +turns the call back on. + + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-o </span><var>name</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-output_002c-redirecting-41"></a><a name="index-standard-output_002c-output-to-42"></a>Send output to the file <var>name</var>. A single occurrence of ‘<samp><span class="samp">%d</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">%01d</span></samp>’, <small class="dots">...</small>, ‘<samp><span class="samp">%09d</span></samp>’ will be exchanged for the physical page number (this can be changed, see the ‘<samp><span class="samp">--dvinum</span></samp>’ switch). The default output filename is ‘<samp><var>file</var><span class="samp">%d.png</span></samp>’ where the input DVI file was ‘<samp><var>file</var><span class="samp">.dvi</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-O </span><var>x-offset</var><span class="samp">,</span><var>y-offset</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-offset-pages-42"></a>Move the origin by <var>x-offset</var>,<var>y-offset</var>, a comma-separated + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-O </span><var>x-offset</var><span class="samp">,</span><var>y-offset</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-offset-pages-43"></a>Move the origin by <var>x-offset</var>,<var>y-offset</var>, a comma-separated pair of dimensions such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">.1in,-.3cm</span></samp>’. <!-- (@pxref{papersize special}). --> The origin of the page is shifted from the default position (of one inch down, one inch to the right from the upper left corner of the paper) by this amount. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-p [=]</span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-first-page-printed-43"></a><a name="index-page_002c-first-printed-44"></a><a name="index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-45"></a><a name="index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-46"></a>The first page printed will be the first one numbered <var>num</var>. Default + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-p [=]</span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-first-page-printed-44"></a><a name="index-page_002c-first-printed-45"></a><a name="index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-46"></a><a name="index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-47"></a>The first page printed will be the first one numbered <var>num</var>. Default is the first page in the document. If <var>num</var> is prefixed by an equals sign, then it (and the argument to the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ option, if specified) is treated as a physical (absolute) page number, rather than @@ -669,16 +679,15 @@ a value to compare with the TeX ‘<samp><span class="samp">\count0</span></ DVI file. Thus, using ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p =3</span></samp>’ will start with the third page of the document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--palette*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-forcing-palette-output-47"></a>Starting from ‘<samp><span class="samp">dvipng</span></samp>’ 1.8, the output PNG will be a truecolor -png when an external image is included, to avoid unnecessary delay and -quality reduction, and enable the EPS translator to draw on a -transparent background and outside of the boundingbox. This switch -will force palette (256-color) output and make ‘<samp><span class="samp">dvipng</span></samp>’ revert to -the old behaviour, where included images were opaque and always -clipped to the boundingbox. This will also override the -‘<samp><span class="samp">--truecolor</span></samp>’ switch if present. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--palette*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-forcing-palette-output-48"></a>When an external image is included, ‘<samp><span class="samp">dvipng</span></samp>’ will automatically +switch to truecolor mode, to avoid unnecessary delay and quality +reduction, and enable the EPS translator to draw on a transparent +background and outside of the boundingbox. This switch will force +palette (256-color) output and make ‘<samp><span class="samp">dvipng</span></samp>’ revert to opaque +clipped image inclusion. This will also override the ‘<samp><span class="samp">--truecolor</span></samp>’ +switch if present. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--picky*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-no-erroneous-images-48"></a>No images are output when a warning occurs. Normally, dvipng will + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--picky*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-no-erroneous-images-49"></a>No images are output when a warning occurs. Normally, dvipng will output an image in spite of a warning, but there may be something missing in this image. One reason to use this option would be if you have a more complete but slower fallback converter. Mainly, this is @@ -686,10 +695,10 @@ useful for failed figure inclusion and unknown \special occurrences, but warnings will also occur for missing or unknown color specs and missing PK fonts. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--png*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-PNG-image-format-49"></a>The images are output in the PNG format. This is the default for the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--png*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-PNG-image-format-50"></a>The images are output in the PNG format. This is the default for the ‘<samp><span class="samp">dvipng</span></samp>’ binary. See also the ‘<samp><span class="samp">--gif</span></samp>’ option. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-pp </span><var>firstpage</var><span class="samp">-</span><var>lastpage</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-page-range-50"></a>Print pages <var>firstpage</var> through <var>lastpage</var>; but not quite + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-pp </span><var>firstpage</var><span class="samp">-</span><var>lastpage</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-page-range-51"></a>Print pages <var>firstpage</var> through <var>lastpage</var>; but not quite equivalent to ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p </span><var>firstpage</var><span class="samp"> -l </span><var>lastpage</var></samp>’. For example, when rendering a book, there may be several instances of a page in the DVI file (one in <code>\frontmatter</code>, one in <code>\mainmatter</code>, and one @@ -707,19 +716,19 @@ will be interpreted as "all pages up to and including 1", if you want a page numbered -1 (only the table of contents, say) put ‘<samp><span class="samp">-pp -1--1</span></samp>’, or more readable, ‘<samp><span class="samp">-pp -1:-1</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-q*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-quiet-operation-51"></a><a name="index-silent-operation-52"></a><a name="index-warnings_002c-suppressing-53"></a>Run quietly. Don't chatter about pages converted, etc. to standard + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-q*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-quiet-operation-52"></a><a name="index-silent-operation-53"></a><a name="index-warnings_002c-suppressing-54"></a>Run quietly. Don't chatter about pages converted, etc. to standard output; report no warnings (only errors) to standard error. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-Q </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-antialiasing-levels_0040r_007b_002c-number-of_007d-54"></a><a name="index-quality-55"></a>Set the quality to <var>num</var>. That is, choose the number of antialiasing -levels for PK and T1lib rendering to be <var>num</var>*<var>num</var>+1. The default -value is 4 which gives 17 levels of antialiasing for antialiased fonts -from these two. If FreeType is available, its rendering is unaffected by -this option. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-Q </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-antialiasing-levels_0040r_007b_002c-number-of_007d-55"></a><a name="index-quality-56"></a>Set the quality to <var>num</var>. That is, choose the number of antialiasing +levels for bitmapped fonts (PK) and fonts rendered using T1lib, to be +<var>num</var>*<var>num</var>+1. The default value is 4 which gives 17 levels of +antialiasing for antialiased fonts from these two. If FreeType is +available, its rendering is unaffected by this option. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-r*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-reverse-pagination-56"></a>Toggle output of pages in reverse/forward order. By default, the first + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-r*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-reverse-pagination-57"></a>Toggle output of pages in reverse/forward order. By default, the first page in the DVI is output first. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--strict*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-exit-on-erroneous-images-57"></a>The program exits when a warning occurs. Normally, dvipng will output + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--strict*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-exit-on-erroneous-images-58"></a>The program exits when a warning occurs. Normally, dvipng will output an image in spite of a warning, but there may be something missing in this image. One reason to use this option would be if you have a more complete but slower fallback converter. See the ‘<samp><span class="samp">--picky</span></samp>’ option @@ -736,19 +745,19 @@ only include all ink put on the page, producing neat images. <!-- (@pxref{papersize special}). --> <!-- This option overrides any papersize special in the DVI file. --> - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--t1lib*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-T1lib-font-rendering-58"></a>Enable/disable T1lib font rendering (default on). This option is -available if the T1lib font library was present at compilation time. If -this is the case, dvipng will have direct support for PostScript Type1 -fonts internally, rather than using ‘<samp><span class="samp">gsftopk</span></samp>’ for rendering the -fonts. If you have PostScript versions of Computer Modern installed, -there will be no need to generate bitmapped variants on disk of these. -Then, you can render images at different (and unusual) resolutions -without cluttering the disk with lots of bitmapped fonts. Note that if -you have both FreeType and T1lib on your system FreeType will be -preferred by dvipng, and if you for some reason rather want to use -T1lib, give the option ‘<samp><span class="samp">--freetype0</span></samp>’ (see above). - - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--truecolor*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-truecolor-output-59"></a>This will make ‘<samp><span class="samp">dvipng</span></samp>’ generate truecolor output. Note that + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--t1lib*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-T1lib-font-rendering-59"></a>Enable T1lib font rendering (default on). This option is available if +the T1lib font library was present at compilation time. If this is the +case, dvipng will have direct support for PostScript Type1 fonts +internally, rather than using ‘<samp><span class="samp">gsftopk</span></samp>’ for rendering the fonts. If +you have PostScript versions of Computer Modern installed, there will be +no need to generate bitmapped variants on disk of these. Then, you can +render images at different (and unusual) resolutions without cluttering +the disk with lots of bitmapped fonts. Note that if you have both +FreeType and T1lib on your system, FreeType will be preferred by dvipng, +and if you for some reason rather want to use T1lib, give the option +‘<samp><span class="samp">--freetype0</span></samp>’ (see above). + + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--truecolor*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-truecolor-output-60"></a>This will make ‘<samp><span class="samp">dvipng</span></samp>’ generate truecolor output. Note that truecolor output is automatic if you include an external image in your DVI, e.g., via a PostScript special (i.e., the ‘<samp><span class="samp">graphics</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">graphicx</span></samp>’ package). This switch is overridden by the @@ -757,17 +766,19 @@ DVI, e.g., via a PostScript special (i.e., the ‘<samp><span class="samp">g <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-v*</span></samp>’<dd>Enable verbose operation. This will currently indicate what fonts is used, in addition to the usual output. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--width*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-width-reporting-60"></a>Report the width of the image. See also ‘<samp><span class="samp">--height</span></samp>’ and + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--width*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-width-reporting-61"></a>Report the width of the image. See also ‘<samp><span class="samp">--height</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">--depth</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-x </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-magnification_002c-overriding-DVI-61"></a>Set the x magnification ratio to <var>num</var>/1000. Overrides -the magnification specified in the DVI file. Must be between 10 and -100000. It is recommended that you use standard magstep values (1095, -1200, 1440, 1728, 2074, 2488, 2986, and so on) to help reduce the total -number of PK files generated. <var>num</var> may be a real number, not an -integer, for increased precision. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-x </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-magnification_002c-overriding-DVI-62"></a>This option is deprecated; it should not be used. It is much better to +select the output resolution directly with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-D</span></samp>’ option. This +option sets the magnification ratio to <var>num</var>/1000 and +overrides the magnification specified in the DVI file. Must be between +10 and 100000. It is recommended that you use standard magstep values +(1095, 1200, 1440, 1728, 2074, 2488, 2986, and so on) to help reduce the +total number of PK files generated. <var>num</var> may be a real number, not +an integer, for increased precision. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-z </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-compression-62"></a>Set the PNG compression level to <var>num</var>. This option is enabled if + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-z </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-compression-63"></a>Set the PNG compression level to <var>num</var>. This option is enabled if your ‘<samp><span class="samp">libgd</span></samp>’ is new enough. The default compression level is 1, which selects maximum speed at the price of slightly larger PNGs. For an older ‘<samp><span class="samp">libgd</span></samp>’, the hard-soldered value 5 is used. The include file @@ -798,12 +809,14 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> ‘<samp><span class="samp">graphicx</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">graphics</span></samp>’ packages, without the need of specifying a driver to these packages. This means that it recognizes the encapsulated postscript inclusion meant for ‘<samp><span class="samp">dvips</span></samp>’, but is -also able (from version 1.8) to include bitmapped graphics, see the -details below. +also able (from version 1.8) to include bitmapped graphics. It also +tries to handle some of the raw PostScript that is output from various +packages. Some of the possibilities and problems are mentioned below. <ul class="menu"> <li><a accesskey="1" href="#Encapsulated-PostScript">Encapsulated PostScript</a>: An internal call to GhostScript <li><a accesskey="2" href="#Bitmapped-graphics">Bitmapped graphics</a>: PNG, JPEG and GIF +<li><a accesskey="3" href="#Raw-PostScript">Raw PostScript</a>: Ignore or give to GhostScript </ul> <div class="node"> @@ -831,7 +844,7 @@ use the ‘<samp><span class="samp">png16m</span></samp>’ device to pr inclusion. Other relevant switches are ‘<samp><span class="samp">--noghostscript</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">--nogssafer</span></samp>’. See <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <p><a name="index-PostScript-inclusion-problems-63"></a>The most common problem with including graphics is an incorrect + <p><a name="index-PostScript-inclusion-problems-64"></a>The most common problem with including graphics is an incorrect bounding box. Complain to whoever wrote the software that generated the file if the bounding box is indeed incorrect. An adjusted boundingbox can be specified in the ‘<samp><span class="samp">\includegraphics</span></samp>’ call, as @@ -842,6 +855,7 @@ in this example (using ‘<samp><span class="samp">graphicx</span></samp>&rs <div class="node"> <a name="Bitmapped-graphics"></a> <p><hr> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Raw-PostScript">Raw PostScript</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Encapsulated-PostScript">Encapsulated PostScript</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Graphics">Graphics</a> @@ -873,6 +887,53 @@ wide: <pre class="example"> \includegraphics[bb=0 0 300 400,witdh=1.5in]{imagename.png} </pre> <div class="node"> +<a name="Raw-PostScript"></a> +<p><hr> +Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Bitmapped-graphics">Bitmapped graphics</a>, +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Graphics">Graphics</a> + +</div> + +<h3 class="section">5.3 Raw PostScript</h3> + +<p>dvipng attempts to handle raw PostScript. Rendering raw PostScript +specials is done on top of the page by including a transparent image +generated by the ‘<samp><span class="samp">pngalpha</span></samp>’ device in GhostScript (automatically +selecting ‘<samp><span class="samp">truecolor</span></samp>’ mode in dvipng). + + <p>Included PostScript headers are respected, and if the header +‘<samp><span class="samp">tex.pro</span></samp>’ is included, dvipng also throws in ‘<samp><span class="samp">color.pro</span></samp>’ and +‘<samp><span class="samp">special.pro</span></samp>’. The package ‘<samp><span class="samp">xcolor</span></samp>’ includes its own headers +with color names, and this is not only kept as a PostScript header, but +is also read and interpreted by dvipng itself. An attempt is also made +to respect the PGF header. The non-rendering specials from +‘<samp><span class="samp">hyperref</span></samp>’ are handled via some heuristics and do not give an +error. + + <p>Really rendering and moving things with raw PostScript specials is more +troublesome. The \rotatebox macro serves as a good example. The dvips +driver of the graphicx package surrounds DVI glyphs with PostScript code +so that after conversion by dvips, the glyphs (now themselves in +PostScript) will be rotated in the desired way. dvipng does not handle +this, at present. An attempt has been made to handle the rendering +specials output by PGF (tikz), and also PSTricks. Some things work, but +others do not. This is especially clear when mixing PostScript and DVI +rendering commands such as glyphs. dvipng cannot at present detect if +PostScript code moves ‘<samp><span class="samp">currentpoint</span></samp>’ or rotates the frame since +GhostScript does not return such information. A recommendation would be +to produce images from these packages as EPS files and include them into +your document in the standard manner. + + <p>Another way to handle this would be to use a slower fallback (with dvips +and gs, for example). If you want to disable raw PostScript handling in +dvipng, use the switch ‘<samp><span class="samp">--norawps</span></samp>’. This switch turns off the +internal call to GhostScript intended to display these raw PostScript +specials. Further, when dvipng encounters raw PostScript and the gs call +is turned off, it gives a warning. It is now possible to use the switch +‘<samp><span class="samp">--picky</span></samp>’ to disable page rendering of pages with warnings, and use +the slower fallback for these pages. + +<div class="node"> <a name="Color"></a> <p><hr> Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Diagnosing-problems">Diagnosing problems</a>, @@ -903,7 +964,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Color">Color</a> <h3 class="section">6.1 Color specifications</h3> -<p><a name="index-color-specifications-64"></a> +<p><a name="index-color-specifications-65"></a> The color specification supported by dvipng is by-value or by-name. The by-value spec starts with the name of a color model (one of ‘<samp><span class="samp">rgb</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">hsb</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">cmy</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">cmyk</span></samp>’, or ‘<samp><span class="samp">gray</span></samp>’) followed by the @@ -971,7 +1032,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">7 Diagnosing problems</h2> -<p><a name="index-problems-65"></a><a name="index-trouble-66"></a><a name="index-debugging-67"></a> +<p><a name="index-problems-66"></a><a name="index-trouble-67"></a><a name="index-debugging-68"></a> You've gone through all the trouble of installing dvipng, carefully read all the instructions in this manual, and still can't get something to work. The following sections provide some helpful hints if you find @@ -1154,25 +1215,25 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <ul class="index-cp" compact> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002ddSAFER-39">-dSAFER</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dl_007d-32">absolute page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-46">absolute page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-antialiasing-levels_0040r_007b_002c-number-of_007d-54">antialiasing levels<span class="roman">, number of</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-47">absolute page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-antialiasing-levels_0040r_007b_002c-number-of_007d-55">antialiasing levels<span class="roman">, number of</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-background-color-_0028option_0029-14">background color (option)</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-base-resolution_002c-setting-13">base resolution, setting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-baseline-reporting-17">baseline reporting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-color-specifications-64">color specifications</a>: <a href="#Color-specifications">Color specifications</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-color-specifications-65">color specifications</a>: <a href="#Color-specifications">Color specifications</a></li> <li><a href="#index-command_002dline-options-5">command-line options</a>: <a href="#Command_002dline-options">Command-line options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-compilation-2">compilation</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-compression-62">compression</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-compression-63">compression</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configuration_002c-of-dvipng-1">configuration, of dvipng</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-dark-fonts-23">dark fonts</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-debugging-67">debugging</a>: <a href="#Diagnosing-problems">Diagnosing problems</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-debugging-68">debugging</a>: <a href="#Diagnosing-problems">Diagnosing problems</a></li> <li><a href="#index-debugging-15">debugging</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-depth-reporting-18">depth reporting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-exit-on-erroneous-images-57">exit on erroneous images</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-first-page-printed-43">first page printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-exit-on-erroneous-images-58">exit on erroneous images</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-first-page-printed-44">first page printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-follow-mode-20">follow mode</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-font-generation_002c-avoiding-35">font generation, avoiding</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-forcing-palette-output-47">forcing palette output</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-forcing-palette-output-48">forcing palette output</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-foreground-color-_0028option_0029-19">foreground color (option)</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-FreeType-font-rendering-21">FreeType font rendering</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fuzzy-images-25">fuzzy images</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> @@ -1185,38 +1246,39 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <li><a href="#index-invoking-dvipng-4">invoking dvipng</a>: <a href="#Basic-usage">Basic usage</a></li> <li><a href="#index-last-page-printed-29">last page printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-light-fonts-24">light fonts</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-magnification_002c-overriding-DVI-61">magnification, overriding DVI</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-magnification_002c-overriding-DVI-62">magnification, overriding DVI</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Metafont-mode_002c-specifying-34">Metafont mode, specifying</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mktexpk_0040r_007b_002c-avoiding_007d-36"><code>mktexpk</code><span class="roman">, avoiding</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mode-name_002c-specifying-33">mode name, specifying</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-no-erroneous-images-48">no erroneous images</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-offset-pages-42">offset pages</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-no-erroneous-images-49">no erroneous images</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-offset-pages-43">offset pages</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-option_002c-details-of-8">option, details of</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-options_002c-dvipng-6">options, dvipng</a>: <a href="#Command_002dline-options">Command-line options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-options_002c-reading-from-standard-input-9">options, reading from standard input</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-options_002c-summary-7">options, summary</a>: <a href="#Option-summary">Option summary</a></li> <li><a href="#index-output-resolution_002c-setting-16">output resolution, setting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-output_002c-redirecting-40">output, redirecting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-page-range-50">page range</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-page_002c-first-printed-44">page, first printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-output_002c-redirecting-41">output, redirecting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-page-range-51">page range</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-page_002c-first-printed-45">page, first printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-page_002c-last-printed-30">page, last printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dl_007d-31">physical page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-45">physical page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PNG-image-format-49">PNG image format</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-inclusion-problems-63">PostScript inclusion problems</a>: <a href="#Encapsulated-PostScript">Encapsulated PostScript</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-problems-65">problems</a>: <a href="#Diagnosing-problems">Diagnosing problems</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-quality-55">quality</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-quiet-operation-51">quiet operation</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-reverse-pagination-56">reverse pagination</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-silent-operation-52">silent operation</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-46">physical page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PNG-image-format-50">PNG image format</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-inclusion-problems-64">PostScript inclusion problems</a>: <a href="#Encapsulated-PostScript">Encapsulated PostScript</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript_002c-turning-off-raw-PostScript-specials-40">PostScript, turning off raw PostScript specials</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-problems-66">problems</a>: <a href="#Diagnosing-problems">Diagnosing problems</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-quality-56">quality</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-quiet-operation-52">quiet operation</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-reverse-pagination-57">reverse pagination</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-silent-operation-53">silent operation</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-standard-input_002c-reading-options-from-10">standard input, reading options from</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-standard-output_002c-output-to-41">standard output, output to</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-T1lib-font-rendering-58">T1lib font rendering</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-standard-output_002c-output-to-42">standard output, output to</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-T1lib-font-rendering-59">T1lib font rendering</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-transparent-border-fallback-color-12">transparent border fallback color</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-transparent-border-width-11">transparent border width</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-trouble-66">trouble</a>: <a href="#Diagnosing-problems">Diagnosing problems</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-truecolor-output-59">truecolor output</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-warnings_002c-suppressing-53">warnings, suppressing</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-width-reporting-60">width reporting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-trouble-67">trouble</a>: <a href="#Diagnosing-problems">Diagnosing problems</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-truecolor-output-60">truecolor output</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-warnings_002c-suppressing-54">warnings, suppressing</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-width-reporting-61">width reporting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> </ul></body></html> diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/dvipng/dvipng.pdf b/Master/texmf/doc/dvipng/dvipng.pdf Binary files differindex 0db65ef0fa6..ed294dd31cc 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/dvipng/dvipng.pdf +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/dvipng/dvipng.pdf diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.html b/Master/texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.html index d970a1c15d5..19a3059e032 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.html +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.html @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ <link title="Top" rel="top" href="#Top"> <link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> <!-- -This manual documents Dvips version 5.99 -(July 2010), a program to translate a DVI file into +This manual documents Dvips version 5.991 +(April 2011), a program to translate a DVI file into PostScript. You may freely use, modify and/or distribute this file.--> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css"> <style type="text/css"><!-- @@ -171,8 +171,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#dir">(dir)</a> <h2 class="unnumbered">Dvips</h2> -<p>This manual documents Dvips version 5.99 -(July 2010), a program to translate a DVI file into +<p>This manual documents Dvips version 5.991 +(April 2011), a program to translate a DVI file into PostScript. You may freely use, modify and/or distribute this file. <ul class="menu"> @@ -724,12 +724,15 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Invoking-Dvips">Invoking Dvips</a> <h3 class="section">3.1 Basic usage of Dvips</h3> -<p>To use Dvips at its simplest, simply type +<p><a name="index-usage_002c-basic-80"></a> +To use Dvips at its simplest, simply type + <pre class="example"> dvips foo </pre> - <p class="noindent">where <samp><span class="file">foo.dvi</span></samp> is the output of TeX that you want to print. If -Dvips has been installed correctly, the document will probably roll out -of your default printer. + <p class="noindent">where <samp><span class="file">foo.dvi</span></samp> is the output of TeX that you want to print. +The default output is to a corresponding file <samp><span class="file">foo.ps</span></samp>; Dvips may +also have been locally configured to output directly to a printer by +default. <p>If you use fonts that have not been used on your system before, they may be automatically generated; this process can take a few minutes, so @@ -741,6 +744,7 @@ See <a href="kpathsea.html#Unable-to-generate-fonts">Unable to generate fonts</a <p>Many options are available (see the next section). For a brief summary of available options, just type + <pre class="example"> dvips --help </pre> <div class="node"> @@ -773,9 +777,9 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Command_002dline-options">Command-line <h4 class="subsection">3.2.1 Option summary</h4> -<p><a name="index-options_002c-summary-80"></a>Here is a handy summary of the options; it is printed out when you run +<p><a name="index-options_002c-summary-81"></a>Here is a handy summary of the options; it is printed out when you run Dvips with no arguments or with the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>’ option. -<a name="index-g_t_002d_002dhelp-81"></a> +<a name="index-g_t_002d_002dhelp-82"></a> <pre class="verbatim">Usage: dvips [OPTION]... FILENAME[.dvi] Convert DVI input files to PostScript. See http://tug.org/dvips/ for the full manual and other information. @@ -827,50 +831,50 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Command_002dline-options">Command-line <h4 class="subsection">3.2.2 Option details</h4> -<p><a name="index-option_002c-details-of-82"></a> +<p><a name="index-option_002c-details-of-83"></a> Many of the parameterless options listed here can be turned off by suffixing the option with a zero (‘<samp><span class="samp">0</span></samp>’); for instance, to turn off page reversal, use ‘<samp><span class="samp">-r0</span></samp>’. Such options are marked with a trailing ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’. <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002d-83"></a><a name="index-options_002c-reading-from-standard-input-84"></a><a name="index-standard-input_002c-reading-options-from-85"></a>Read additional options from standard input after processing the command +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002d-84"></a><a name="index-options_002c-reading-from-standard-input-85"></a><a name="index-standard-input_002c-reading-options-from-86"></a>Read additional options from standard input after processing the command line. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dhelp-86"></a>Print a usage message and exit. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dhelp-87"></a>Print a usage message and exit. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--version</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dversion-87"></a>Print the version number and exit. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--version</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dversion-88"></a>Print the version number and exit. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-a*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002da-88"></a><a name="index-memory_002c-conserving-89"></a>Conserve memory by making three passes over the DVI file instead + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-a*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002da-89"></a><a name="index-memory_002c-conserving-90"></a>Conserve memory by making three passes over the DVI file instead of two and only loading those characters actually used. Generally only useful on machines with a very limited amount of memory, like some PCs. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-A</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dA-90"></a><a name="index-odd-pages-only-91"></a>Print only the odd pages. This option uses TeX + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-A</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dA-91"></a><a name="index-odd-pages-only-92"></a>Print only the odd pages. This option uses TeX page numbers, not physical page numbers. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-b </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002db-_0040var_007bnum_007d-92"></a><a name="index-g_t_002f_0023copies-93"></a><a name="index-copies_002c-duplicated-page-bodies-94"></a><a name="index-color-separations-95"></a>Generate <var>num</var> copies of each page, but duplicating the page body + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-b </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002db-_0040var_007bnum_007d-93"></a><a name="index-g_t_002f_0023copies-94"></a><a name="index-copies_002c-duplicated-page-bodies-95"></a><a name="index-color-separations-96"></a>Generate <var>num</var> copies of each page, but duplicating the page body rather than using the ‘<samp><span class="samp">/#copies</span></samp>’ PostScript variable. This can be useful in conjunction with a header file setting ‘<samp><span class="samp">bop-hook</span></samp>’ to do color separations or other neat tricks. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-B</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dB-96"></a><a name="index-even-pages-only-97"></a><a name="index-double_002dsided-printing-98"></a>Print only the even pages. This option uses TeX page numbers, not + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-B</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dB-97"></a><a name="index-even-pages-only-98"></a><a name="index-double_002dsided-printing-99"></a>Print only the even pages. This option uses TeX page numbers, not physical page numbers. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-c </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dc-_0040var_007bnum_007d-99"></a><a name="index-g_t_002f_0023copies-100"></a><a name="index-copies_002c-uncollated-101"></a><a name="index-uncollated-copies-102"></a>Generate <var>num</var> consecutive copies of every page, i.e., the output is + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-c </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dc-_0040var_007bnum_007d-100"></a><a name="index-g_t_002f_0023copies-101"></a><a name="index-copies_002c-uncollated-102"></a><a name="index-uncollated-copies-103"></a>Generate <var>num</var> consecutive copies of every page, i.e., the output is uncollated. This merely sets the builtin PostScript variable ‘<samp><span class="samp">/#copies</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-C </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dC-_0040var_007bnum_007d-103"></a><a name="index-copies_002c-collated-104"></a><a name="index-collated-copies-105"></a>Generate <var>num</var> copies, but collated (by replicating the data in the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-C </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dC-_0040var_007bnum_007d-104"></a><a name="index-copies_002c-collated-105"></a><a name="index-collated-copies-106"></a>Generate <var>num</var> copies, but collated (by replicating the data in the PostScript file). Slower than the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ option, but easier on the hands, and faster than resubmitting the same PostScript file multiple times. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-d </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dd-_0040var_007bnum_007d-106"></a><a name="index-debugging-107"></a>Set the debug flags, showing what Dvips (thinks it) is doing. This will + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-d </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dd-_0040var_007bnum_007d-107"></a><a name="index-debugging-108"></a>Set the debug flags, showing what Dvips (thinks it) is doing. This will work unless Dvips has been compiled without the ‘<samp><span class="samp">DEBUG</span></samp>’ option (not recommended). See <a href="#Debug-options">Debug options</a>, for the possible values of <var>num</var>. Use ‘<samp><span class="samp">-d -1</span></samp>’ as the first option for maximum output. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-D </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dD-_0040var_007bnum_007d-108"></a><a name="index-resolution_002c-setting-109"></a>Set both the horizontal and vertical resolution to <var>num</var>, given in + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-D </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dD-_0040var_007bnum_007d-109"></a><a name="index-resolution_002c-setting-110"></a>Set both the horizontal and vertical resolution to <var>num</var>, given in dpi (dots per inch). This affects the choice of bitmap fonts that are loaded and also the positioning of letters in resident PostScript fonts. Must be between 10 and 10000. This affects both the horizontal @@ -882,7 +886,7 @@ that you use or Metafont will fail. See the file <a href="ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf">ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf</a> for a list of resolutions and mode names for most devices. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-e </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002de-_0040var_007bnum_007d-110"></a><a name="index-maxdrift-111"></a><a name="index-accuracy-in-positioning-112"></a><a name="index-positioning-accuracy-113"></a>Maximum drift in pixels of each character from its `true' + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-e </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002de-_0040var_007bnum_007d-111"></a><a name="index-maxdrift-112"></a><a name="index-accuracy-in-positioning-113"></a><a name="index-positioning-accuracy-114"></a>Maximum drift in pixels of each character from its `true' resolution-independent position on the page. The default value of this parameter is resolution dependent (it is the number of entries in the list [100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1600, 2000, 2400, @@ -892,7 +896,7 @@ correctly rounded positions by a few pixels, while regaining the true position at the beginning of each new word, improves the spacing of letters in words. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-E*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dE-114"></a><a name="index-EPSF_002c-generating-115"></a><a name="index-tight-bounding-box_002c-finding-116"></a><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-finding-tight-117"></a>Generate an EPSF file with a tight bounding box. This only looks at + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-E*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dE-115"></a><a name="index-EPSF_002c-generating-116"></a><a name="index-tight-bounding-box_002c-finding-117"></a><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-finding-tight-118"></a>Generate an EPSF file with a tight bounding box. This only looks at marks made by characters and rules, not by any included graphics. In addition, it gets the glyph metrics from the TFM file, so characters that print outside their enclosing TFM box may confuse it. In addition, @@ -906,7 +910,7 @@ care.) For multiple page input files, also specify ‘<samp><span class="sa each page as a separate EPSF file; otherwise, all the pages are overlaid in the single output file. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-f*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002df-118"></a><a name="index-filter_002c-running-as-a-119"></a><a name="index-standard-I_002fO-120"></a><a name="index-pipes_002c-not-readable-121"></a><a name="index-PRINTER_0040r_007b_002c-avoided-with-_0040samp_007b_002df_007d_007d-122"></a>Run as a filter. Read the DVI file from standard input and write the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-f*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002df-119"></a><a name="index-filter_002c-running-as-a-120"></a><a name="index-standard-I_002fO-121"></a><a name="index-pipes_002c-not-readable-122"></a><a name="index-PRINTER_0040r_007b_002c-avoided-with-_0040samp_007b_002df_007d_007d-123"></a>Run as a filter. Read the DVI file from standard input and write the PostScript to standard output. The standard input must be seekable, so it cannot be a pipe. If your input must be a pipe, write a shell script that copies the pipe output to a temporary file and then points Dvips at @@ -916,21 +920,21 @@ this file. This option also disables the automatic reading of the control-D if it was turned on with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ option or in the configuration file; use ‘<samp><span class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ after the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ to send it anyway. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-F*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dF-123"></a><a name="index-EOF-124"></a><a name="index-control_002dD-125"></a><a name="index-printer_002c-driving-directly-126"></a><a name="index-spooler_002c-lacking-127"></a>Write control-D (ASCII code 4) as the very last character of the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-F*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dF-124"></a><a name="index-EOF-125"></a><a name="index-control_002dD-126"></a><a name="index-printer_002c-driving-directly-127"></a><a name="index-spooler_002c-lacking-128"></a>Write control-D (ASCII code 4) as the very last character of the PostScript file. This is useful when Dvips is driving the printer directly instead of working through a spooler, as is common on personal systems. On systems shared by more than one person, this is not recommended. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-G*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dG-128"></a><a name="index-low-characters_002c-shifting-129"></a><a name="index-non_002dprinting-characters_002c-shifting-130"></a>Shift non-printing characters (ASCII 0-32, 127) to higher-numbered positions. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-G*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dG-129"></a><a name="index-low-characters_002c-shifting-130"></a><a name="index-non_002dprinting-characters_002c-shifting-131"></a>Shift non-printing characters (ASCII 0-32, 127) to higher-numbered positions. This was useful to work around bugs in old versions of Adobe's PDF reader. It's more likely to cause problems nowadays. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-h </span><var>name</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dh-_0040var_007bname_007d-131"></a><a name="index-header-file_002c-downloading-132"></a><a name="index-userdict_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-header-files_007d-133"></a>Prepend <var>name</var> as an additional header file, or, if <var>name</var> is + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-h </span><var>name</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dh-_0040var_007bname_007d-132"></a><a name="index-header-file_002c-downloading-133"></a><a name="index-userdict_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-header-files_007d-134"></a>Prepend <var>name</var> as an additional header file, or, if <var>name</var> is ‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’, suppress all header files. Any definitions in the header file get added to the PostScript ‘<samp><span class="samp">userdict</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-i*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002di-134"></a><a name="index-sections-output_002c-in-separate-files-135"></a><a name="index-multiple-output-files-136"></a><a name="index-output-files_002c-multiple-137"></a>Make each section be a separate file; a <dfn>section</dfn> is a part of the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-i*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002di-135"></a><a name="index-sections-output_002c-in-separate-files-136"></a><a name="index-multiple-output-files-137"></a><a name="index-output-files_002c-multiple-138"></a>Make each section be a separate file; a <dfn>section</dfn> is a part of the document processed independently, most often created to avoid memory overflow. The filenames are created replacing the suffix of the supplied output file name by a three-digit sequence number. This option @@ -941,19 +945,19 @@ some phototypesetters cannot print more than ten or so consecutive pages before running out of steam; these options can be used to automatically split a book into ten-page sections, each to its own file. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-j*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dj-_0040r_007bfor-partial-font-downloading_007d-138"></a>Download only needed characters from Type 1 fonts. This is the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-j*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dj-_0040r_007bfor-partial-font-downloading_007d-139"></a>Download only needed characters from Type 1 fonts. This is the default in the current release. Some debugging flags trace this operation (see <a href="#Debug-options">Debug options</a>). You can also control partial downloading on a per-font basis (see <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a>). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-k*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dk-_0040r_007bfor-cropmarks_007d-139"></a><a name="index-cropmarks-140"></a><a name="index-crop_002epro-141"></a>Print crop marks. This option increases the paper size (which should be + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-k*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dk-_0040r_007bfor-cropmarks_007d-140"></a><a name="index-cropmarks-141"></a><a name="index-crop_002epro-142"></a>Print crop marks. This option increases the paper size (which should be specified, either with a paper size special or with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ option) by a half inch in each dimension. It translates each page by a quarter inch and draws cross-style crop marks. It is mostly useful with typesetters that can set the page size automatically. This works by downloading <samp><span class="file">crop.pro</span></samp>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-K*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dK-142"></a><a name="index-comments_002c-removing-included-143"></a><a name="index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-removing_007d-144"></a>Remove comments in included PostScript graphics, font files, and + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-K*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dK-143"></a><a name="index-comments_002c-removing-included-144"></a><a name="index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-removing_007d-145"></a>Remove comments in included PostScript graphics, font files, and headers; only necessary to get around bugs in spoolers or PostScript post-processing programs. Specifically, the ‘<samp><span class="samp">%%Page</span></samp>’ comments, when left in, often cause difficulties. Use of this flag can @@ -961,7 +965,7 @@ cause other graphics to fail, however, since the PostScript header macros from some software packages read portion the input stream line by line, searching for a particular comment. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-l [=]</span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dl-_005b_003d_005d_0040var_007bnum_007d-145"></a><a name="index-last-page-printed-146"></a><a name="index-page_002c-last-printed-147"></a><a name="index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dl_007d-148"></a><a name="index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dl_007d-149"></a>The last page printed will be the first one numbered <var>num</var>. Default + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-l [=]</span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dl-_005b_003d_005d_0040var_007bnum_007d-146"></a><a name="index-last-page-printed-147"></a><a name="index-page_002c-last-printed-148"></a><a name="index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dl_007d-149"></a><a name="index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dl_007d-150"></a>The last page printed will be the first one numbered <var>num</var>. Default is the last page in the document. If <var>num</var> is prefixed by an equals sign, then it (and the argument to the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ option, if specified) is treated as a physical (absolute) page number, rather than a value to @@ -969,42 +973,42 @@ compare with the TeX ‘<samp><span class="samp">\count0</span></samp>&rsquo Thus, using ‘<samp><span class="samp">-l =9</span></samp>’ will end with the ninth page of the document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-m*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dm-150"></a><a name="index-manual-feed-151"></a>Specify manual feed, if supported by the output device. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-m*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dm-151"></a><a name="index-manual-feed-152"></a>Specify manual feed, if supported by the output device. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mode </span><var>mode</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmode-_0040var_007bmode_007d-152"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dmode-153"></a><a name="index-mode-name_002c-specifying-154"></a><a name="index-Metafont-mode_002c-specifying-155"></a>Use <var>mode</var> as the Metafont device name for path searching and font + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mode </span><var>mode</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmode-_0040var_007bmode_007d-153"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dmode-154"></a><a name="index-mode-name_002c-specifying-155"></a><a name="index-Metafont-mode_002c-specifying-156"></a>Use <var>mode</var> as the Metafont device name for path searching and font generation. This overrides any value from configuration files. With the default paths, explicitly specifying the mode also makes the program assume the fonts are in a subdirectory named <var>mode</var>. See <a href="kpathsea.html#TeX-directory-structure">TeX directory structure</a>. If Metafont does not understand the <var>mode</var> name, see <a href="kpathsea.html#Unable-to-generate-fonts">Unable to generate fonts</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-M*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dM-156"></a><a name="index-font-generation_002c-avoiding-157"></a><a name="index-mktexpk_0040r_007b_002c-avoiding_007d-158"></a><a name="index-missfont_002elog-159"></a><!-- this description repeated in kpathsea.texi --> + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-M*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dM-157"></a><a name="index-font-generation_002c-avoiding-158"></a><a name="index-mktexpk_0040r_007b_002c-avoiding_007d-159"></a><a name="index-missfont_002elog-160"></a><!-- this description repeated in kpathsea.texi --> Turns off automatic font generation (<samp><span class="file">mktexpk</span></samp>). If <code>mktexpk</code>, the invocation is appended to a file <samp><span class="file">missfont.log</span></samp> (by default) in the current directory. You can then execute the log file to create the missing files after fixing the problem. -<a name="index-TEXMFOUTPUT-160"></a><a name="index-MISSFONT_005fLOG-161"></a>If the current directory is not writable and the environment variable or +<a name="index-TEXMFOUTPUT-161"></a><a name="index-MISSFONT_005fLOG-162"></a>If the current directory is not writable and the environment variable or configuration file value ‘<samp><span class="samp">TEXMFOUTPUT</span></samp>’ is set, its value is used. Otherwise, nothing is written. The name ‘<samp><span class="samp">missfont.log</span></samp>’ is overridden by the ‘<samp><span class="samp">MISSFONT_LOG</span></samp>’ environment variable or configuration file value. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-n </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dn-_0040var_007bnum_007d-162"></a><a name="index-maximum-pages-printed-163"></a><a name="index-pages_002c-maximum-printed-164"></a>Print at most <var>num</var> pages. Default is 100000. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-n </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dn-_0040var_007bnum_007d-163"></a><a name="index-maximum-pages-printed-164"></a><a name="index-pages_002c-maximum-printed-165"></a>Print at most <var>num</var> pages. Default is 100000. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-N*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dN-165"></a><a name="index-structured-comments-166"></a><a name="index-TranScript-167"></a><a name="index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-not-generating_007d-168"></a>Turns off generation of structured comments such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">%%Page</span></samp>’; this + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-N*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dN-166"></a><a name="index-structured-comments-167"></a><a name="index-TranScript-168"></a><a name="index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-not-generating_007d-169"></a>Turns off generation of structured comments such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">%%Page</span></samp>’; this may be necessary on some systems that try to interpret PostScript comments in weird ways, or on some PostScript printers. Old versions of TranScript in particular cannot handle modern Encapsulated PostScript. Beware: This also disables page movement, etc., in PostScript viewers such as Ghostview. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-noomega</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dnoomega-169"></a><a name="index-Omega-extensions-170"></a><a name="index-p_0040TeX_007b_007d-extensions-171"></a>Disable the use of Omega and pTeX extensions when interpreting DVI + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-noomega</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dnoomega-170"></a><a name="index-Omega-extensions-171"></a><a name="index-p_0040TeX_007b_007d-extensions-172"></a>Disable the use of Omega and pTeX extensions when interpreting DVI files. By default, the additional opcodes ‘<samp><span class="samp">129</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">134</span></samp>’ are recognized by Dvips as Omega extensions and interpreted as requests to set 2-byte characters. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-noptex</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dnoptex-172"></a><a name="index-p_0040TeX_007b_007d-extensions-173"></a>Disable the use of pTeX extensions when interpreting DVI files. By + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-noptex</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dnoptex-173"></a><a name="index-p_0040TeX_007b_007d-extensions-174"></a>Disable the use of pTeX extensions when interpreting DVI files. By default, the additional opcodes ‘<samp><span class="samp">130</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">135</span></samp>’ are recognized by Dvips as Omega extensions and interpreted as requests to set 3-byte characters, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">255</span></samp>’ as request to change the @@ -1019,13 +1023,13 @@ extension by using ‘<samp><span class="samp">-noptex</span></samp>’, (but please do send a bug report if you find such problems, see <a href="kpathsea.html#Bugs">Bugs</a>). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-o </span><var>name</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002do-_0040var_007bname_007d-174"></a><a name="index-output_002c-redirecting-175"></a><a name="index-standard-output_002c-output-to-176"></a>Send output to the file <var>name</var>. If ‘<samp><span class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ is specified without + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-o </span><var>name</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002do-_0040var_007bname_007d-175"></a><a name="index-output_002c-redirecting-176"></a><a name="index-standard-output_002c-output-to-177"></a>Send output to the file <var>name</var>. If ‘<samp><span class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ is specified without <var>name</var> (i.e., it is the last thing on the command line), the default is ‘<samp><var>file</var><span class="samp">.ps</span></samp>’ where the input DVI file was ‘<samp><var>file</var><span class="samp">.dvi</span></samp>’. If ‘<samp><span class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ isn't given at all, the configuration file default is used. - <p><a name="index-popen-_0040r_007bfor-output_007d-177"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d-_0040r_007bas-output-filename_007d-178"></a><a name="index-g_t_0021-_0040r_007bstarting-output-filename_007d-179"></a><a name="index-g_t_007c-_0040r_007bstarting-output-filename_007d-180"></a><a name="index-lpr-spooler_002c-MS_002dDOS-emulation-181"></a><a name="index-spooling-to-lpr-on-MS_002dDOS-182"></a>If <var>name</var> is ‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’, output goes to standard output. If the first + <p><a name="index-popen-_0040r_007bfor-output_007d-178"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d-_0040r_007bas-output-filename_007d-179"></a><a name="index-g_t_0021-_0040r_007bstarting-output-filename_007d-180"></a><a name="index-g_t_007c-_0040r_007bstarting-output-filename_007d-181"></a><a name="index-lpr-spooler_002c-MS_002dDOS-emulation-182"></a><a name="index-spooling-to-lpr-on-MS_002dDOS-183"></a>If <var>name</var> is ‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’, output goes to standard output. If the first character of <var>name</var> is ‘<samp><span class="samp">!</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">|</span></samp>’, then the remainder will be used as an argument to <code>popen</code>; thus, specifying ‘<samp><span class="samp">|lpr</span></samp>’ as the output file will automatically queue the file for printing as @@ -1037,21 +1041,21 @@ cannot be found.) environment variable, and turns off the automatic sending of control-D. See the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ option for how to override this. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-O </span><var>x-offset</var><span class="samp">,</span><var>y-offset</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dO-_0040var_007bx_002doffset_007d_002c_0040var_007by_002doffset_007d-183"></a><a name="index-offset-pages-184"></a><a name="index-printer-offset-185"></a>Move the origin by <var>x-offset</var>,<var>y-offset</var>, a comma-separated + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-O </span><var>x-offset</var><span class="samp">,</span><var>y-offset</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dO-_0040var_007bx_002doffset_007d_002c_0040var_007by_002doffset_007d-184"></a><a name="index-offset-pages-185"></a><a name="index-printer-offset-186"></a>Move the origin by <var>x-offset</var>,<var>y-offset</var>, a comma-separated pair of dimensions such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">.1in,-.3cm</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#papersize-special">papersize special</a>). The origin of the page is shifted from the default position (of one inch down, one inch to the right from the upper left corner of the paper) by this amount. This is usually best specified in the printer-specific configuration file. - <p><a name="index-testpage_002etex-186"></a>This is useful for a printer that consistently offsets output pages by a + <p><a name="index-testpage_002etex-187"></a>This is useful for a printer that consistently offsets output pages by a certain amount. You can use the file <samp><span class="file">testpage.tex</span></samp> to determine the correct value for your printer. Be sure to do several runs with the same <code>O</code> value—some printers vary widely from run to run. - <p><a name="index-bop_002dhook_0040r_007b_002c-and-offset-pages_007d-187"></a>If your printer offsets every other page consistently, instead of every + <p><a name="index-bop_002dhook_0040r_007b_002c-and-offset-pages_007d-188"></a>If your printer offsets every other page consistently, instead of every page, your best recourse is to use ‘<samp><span class="samp">bop-hook</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a>). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-p [=]</span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dp-_005b_003d_005d_0040var_007bnum_007d-188"></a><a name="index-first-page-printed-189"></a><a name="index-page_002c-first-printed-190"></a><a name="index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-191"></a><a name="index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-192"></a>The first page printed will be the first one numbered <var>num</var>. Default + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-p [=]</span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dp-_005b_003d_005d_0040var_007bnum_007d-189"></a><a name="index-first-page-printed-190"></a><a name="index-page_002c-first-printed-191"></a><a name="index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-192"></a><a name="index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-193"></a>The first page printed will be the first one numbered <var>num</var>. Default is the first page in the document. If <var>num</var> is prefixed by an equals sign, then it (and the argument to the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ option, if specified) is treated as a physical (absolute) page number, rather than @@ -1059,12 +1063,12 @@ a value to compare with the TeX ‘<samp><span class="samp">\count0</span></ DVI file. Thus, using ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p =3</span></samp>’ will start with the third page of the document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-pp </span><var>first</var><span class="samp">-</span><var>last</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dpp-_0040var_007bfirst_007d_002d_0040var_007blast_007d-193"></a><a name="index-page-range-194"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dpp-_0040var_007brange_007d-195"></a>Print pages <var>first</var> through <var>last</var>; equivalent to ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-pp </span><var>first</var><span class="samp">-</span><var>last</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dpp-_0040var_007bfirst_007d_002d_0040var_007blast_007d-194"></a><a name="index-page-range-195"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dpp-_0040var_007brange_007d-196"></a>Print pages <var>first</var> through <var>last</var>; equivalent to ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p </span><var>first</var><span class="samp"> -l </span><var>last</var></samp>’, except that multiple ‘<samp><span class="samp">-pp</span></samp>’ options accumulate, unlike ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>’. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’ separator can also be ‘<samp><span class="samp">:</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-P </span><var>printer</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dP-_0040var_007bprinter_007d-196"></a><a name="index-config_002eps-197"></a>Read the configuration file <samp><span class="file">config.</span><var>printer</var></samp> + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-P </span><var>printer</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dP-_0040var_007bprinter_007d-197"></a><a name="index-config_002eps-198"></a>Read the configuration file <samp><span class="file">config.</span><var>printer</var></samp> (<samp><var>printer</var><span class="file">.cfg</span></samp> on MS-DOS), which can set the output name (most likely ‘<samp><span class="samp">o |lpr -P</span><var>printer</var></samp>’), resolution, Metafont mode, and perhaps font paths and other printer-specific defaults. It works @@ -1084,27 +1088,27 @@ include Type1 outline fonts into the PostScript file exists, it is read. See <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-q*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dq-198"></a><a name="index-quiet-operation-199"></a><a name="index-silent-operation-200"></a><a name="index-warnings_002c-suppressing-201"></a>Run quietly. Don't chatter about pages converted, etc. to standard + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-q*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dq-199"></a><a name="index-quiet-operation-200"></a><a name="index-silent-operation-201"></a><a name="index-warnings_002c-suppressing-202"></a>Run quietly. Don't chatter about pages converted, etc. to standard output; report no warnings (only errors) to standard error. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-r*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dr-202"></a><a name="index-reverse-pagination-203"></a>Output pages in reverse order. By default, page 1 is output first. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-r*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dr-203"></a><a name="index-reverse-pagination-204"></a>Output pages in reverse order. By default, page 1 is output first. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-R</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dR-204"></a><a name="index-security-205"></a><a name="index-shell-command-execution_002c-disabling-206"></a><a name="index-absolute-filenames_002c-disabling-207"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040file_007b_002e_002e_007d_002drelative-filenames-208"></a>Run securely. ‘<samp><span class="samp">-R2</span></samp>’ disables both shell command execution in + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-R</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dR-205"></a><a name="index-security-206"></a><a name="index-shell-command-execution_002c-disabling-207"></a><a name="index-absolute-filenames_002c-disabling-208"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040file_007b_002e_002e_007d_002drelative-filenames-209"></a>Run securely. ‘<samp><span class="samp">-R2</span></samp>’ disables both shell command execution in <code>\special</code> (via ‘<samp><span class="samp">`</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Dynamic-creation-of-graphics">Dynamic creation of graphics</a>) and config files (via the ‘<samp><span class="samp">E</span></samp>’ option, see <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a>) and opening of any absolute or <samp><span class="file">..</span></samp>-relative filenames. ‘<samp><span class="samp">-R1</span></samp>’, the default, forbids shell escapes but allows absolute filenames. ‘<samp><span class="samp">-R0</span></samp>’ allows both. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-s*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ds-209"></a><a name="index-save_002frestore_002c-generating-global-210"></a>Enclose the output in a global save/restore pair. This causes the file + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-s*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ds-210"></a><a name="index-save_002frestore_002c-generating-global-211"></a>Enclose the output in a global save/restore pair. This causes the file to not be truly conformant, and is thus not recommended, but is useful if you are driving a deficient printer directly and thus don't care too much about the portability of the output to other environments. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-S </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dS-_0040var_007bnum_007d-211"></a>Set the maximum number of pages in each `section'. This option is most + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-S </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dS-_0040var_007bnum_007d-212"></a>Set the maximum number of pages in each `section'. This option is most commonly used with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ option; see its description above for more information. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-t </span><var>papertype</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007bpapertype_007d-212"></a><a name="index-paper-type-213"></a><a name="index-media-214"></a><a name="index-letter-papertype-215"></a><a name="index-legal-papertype-216"></a><a name="index-ledger-papertype-217"></a><a name="index-a4-papertype-218"></a><a name="index-a3-papertype-219"></a><a name="index-landscape-papertype-220"></a><a name="index-papersize-special_002c-and-no-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d-221"></a>Set the paper type to <var>papertype</var>, usually defined in one of the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-t </span><var>papertype</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007bpapertype_007d-213"></a><a name="index-paper-type-214"></a><a name="index-media-215"></a><a name="index-letter-papertype-216"></a><a name="index-legal-papertype-217"></a><a name="index-ledger-papertype-218"></a><a name="index-a4-papertype-219"></a><a name="index-a3-papertype-220"></a><a name="index-landscape-papertype-221"></a><a name="index-papersize-special_002c-and-no-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d-222"></a>Set the paper type to <var>papertype</var>, usually defined in one of the configuration files, along with the appropriate PostScript code to select it (see <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a>). <ul> @@ -1125,56 +1129,56 @@ information in the output. (If you just have a single page document, you can use ‘<samp><span class="samp">-E</span></samp>’ to get pure EPSF output.) </ul> - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-T </span><var>hsize</var><span class="samp">,</span><var>vsize</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007bhsize_007d_002c_0040var_007bvsize_007d-222"></a>Set the paper size to (<var>hsize</var>,<var>vsize</var>), a comma-separated + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-T </span><var>hsize</var><span class="samp">,</span><var>vsize</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007bhsize_007d_002c_0040var_007bvsize_007d-223"></a>Set the paper size to (<var>hsize</var>,<var>vsize</var>), a comma-separated pair of dimensions such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">.1in,-.3cm</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#papersize-special">papersize special</a>). It overrides any paper size special in the DVI file. Be careful, as the paper size will stick to a predefined size if there is one close enough. To disable this behavior, use ‘<samp><span class="samp">-tunknown</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-u </span><var>psmapfile</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002du-_0040var_007bpsmapfile_007d-223"></a><a name="index-PostScript-font-alias-file-224"></a><a name="index-resident-fonts_002c-different-in-different-printers-225"></a>Set <var>psmapfile</var> to be the file that dvips uses for looking up + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-u </span><var>psmapfile</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002du-_0040var_007bpsmapfile_007d-224"></a><a name="index-PostScript-font-alias-file-225"></a><a name="index-resident-fonts_002c-different-in-different-printers-226"></a>Set <var>psmapfile</var> to be the file that dvips uses for looking up PostScript font aliases. If <var>psmapfile</var> begins with a ‘<samp><span class="samp">+</span></samp>’ character, then the rest of the name is used as the name of the map file, and the map file is appended to the list of map files (instead of replacing the list). In either case, if the name has no extension, then ‘<samp><span class="samp">.map</span></samp>’ is added at the end. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-U*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dU-226"></a><a name="index-Xerox-4045-227"></a>Disable a PostScript virtual memory-saving optimization that stores the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-U*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dU-227"></a><a name="index-Xerox-4045-228"></a>Disable a PostScript virtual memory-saving optimization that stores the character metric information in the same string that is used to store the bitmap information. This is only necessary when driving the Xerox 4045 PostScript interpreter, which has a bug that puts garbage on the bottom of each character. Not recommended unless you must drive this printer. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-v</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dv-228"></a>Print the dvips version number and exit. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-v</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dv-229"></a>Print the dvips version number and exit. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-V*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dV-229"></a>Download non-resident PostScript fonts as bitmaps. This requires use -<a name="index-mtpk-230"></a><a name="index-gsftopk-231"></a><a name="index-pstopk-232"></a>of <code>mtpk</code> or <code>gsftopk</code> or <code>pstopk</code> or some combination + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-V*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dV-230"></a>Download non-resident PostScript fonts as bitmaps. This requires use +<a name="index-mtpk-231"></a><a name="index-gsftopk-232"></a><a name="index-pstopk-233"></a>of <code>mtpk</code> or <code>gsftopk</code> or <code>pstopk</code> or some combination thereof to generate the required bitmap fonts; these programs are supplied with Dvips. The bitmap must be put into <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp> as the downloadable file for that font. This is useful only for those fonts for which you do not have real outlines, being downloaded to printers that have no resident fonts, i.e., very rarely. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-x </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dx-_0040var_007bnum_007d-233"></a><a name="index-magnification_002c-overriding-DVI-234"></a>Set the magnification ratio to <var>num</var>/1000. Overrides + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-x </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dx-_0040var_007bnum_007d-234"></a><a name="index-magnification_002c-overriding-DVI-235"></a>Set the magnification ratio to <var>num</var>/1000. Overrides the magnification specified in the DVI file. Must be between 10 and 100000. It is recommended that you use standard magstep values (1095, 1200, 1440, 1728, 2074, 2488, 2986, and so on) to help reduce the total number of PK files generated. <var>num</var> may be a real number, not an integer, for increased precision. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-X </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dX-_0040var_007bnum_007d-235"></a><a name="index-resolution-236"></a>Set the horizontal resolution in dots per inch to <var>num</var>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-X </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dX-_0040var_007bnum_007d-236"></a><a name="index-resolution-237"></a>Set the horizontal resolution in dots per inch to <var>num</var>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-y </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-magnification_002c-vertical-237"></a>Set the magnification ratio to <var>num</var>/1000 times the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-y </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-magnification_002c-vertical-238"></a>Set the magnification ratio to <var>num</var>/1000 times the magnification specified in the DVI file. See ‘<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ above. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-Y </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dY-_0040var_007bnum_007d-238"></a>Set the vertical resolution in dots per inch to <var>num.</var> -<a name="index-resolution-239"></a> -<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-z*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dz-_0040r_007bfor-recognizing-hyperdvi_007d-240"></a><a name="index-hyperdvi-extensions_002c-enabling-241"></a><a name="index-distillation_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dz_007d-242"></a><a name="index-PDF-files_002c-option-for-243"></a><a name="index-html-_0040r_007bspecials_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dz_007d_007d-244"></a>Pass ‘<samp><span class="samp">html</span></samp>’ hyperdvi specials through to the output for eventual + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-Y </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dY-_0040var_007bnum_007d-239"></a>Set the vertical resolution in dots per inch to <var>num.</var> +<a name="index-resolution-240"></a> +<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-z*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dz-_0040r_007bfor-recognizing-hyperdvi_007d-241"></a><a name="index-hyperdvi-extensions_002c-enabling-242"></a><a name="index-distillation_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dz_007d-243"></a><a name="index-PDF-files_002c-option-for-244"></a><a name="index-html-_0040r_007bspecials_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dz_007d_007d-245"></a>Pass ‘<samp><span class="samp">html</span></samp>’ hyperdvi specials through to the output for eventual distillation into PDF. This is not enabled by default to avoid including the header files unnecessarily, and use of temporary files in creating the output. See <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-Z*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dZ-_0040r_007bfor-compressing-bitmap-fonts_007d-245"></a><a name="index-compressing-bitmap-fonts-246"></a>Compress bitmap fonts in the output file, thereby reducing the size of + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-Z*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dZ-_0040r_007bfor-compressing-bitmap-fonts_007d-246"></a><a name="index-compressing-bitmap-fonts-247"></a>Compress bitmap fonts in the output file, thereby reducing the size of what gets downloaded. Especially useful at high resolutions or when very large fonts are used. May slow down printing, especially on early 68000-based PostScript printers. Generally recommend today, and can be @@ -1193,7 +1197,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Invoking-Dvips">Invoking Dvips</a> <h3 class="section">3.3 Environment variables</h3> -<p><a name="index-environment-variables-247"></a> +<p><a name="index-environment-variables-248"></a> Dvips looks for many environment variables, to define search paths and other things. The path variables are read as needed, after all configuration files are read, so they override values in the @@ -1206,7 +1210,7 @@ Kpathsea-using programs. Only the environment variables specific to Dvips are mentioned here. <dl> -<dt><code>DVIPSDEBUG</code><a name="index-DVIPSDEBUG-248"></a><dd><a name="index-KPATHSEA_005fDEBUG-249"></a>Write the absolute path names of any configuration or map files to +<dt><code>DVIPSDEBUG</code><a name="index-DVIPSDEBUG-249"></a><dd><a name="index-KPATHSEA_005fDEBUG-250"></a>Write the absolute path names of any configuration or map files to standard output, for debugging. This isn't done by default because these files are read even before the banner is printed. For voluminous additional debugging, set the environment variable @@ -1214,34 +1218,34 @@ voluminous additional debugging, set the environment variable (see <a href="kpathsea.html#Debugging">Debugging</a>). (If <samp><span class="env">KPATHSEA_DEBUG</span></samp> is set to any value, it automatically turns on <samp><span class="env">DVIPSDEBUG</span></samp>.) - <br><dt><code>DVIPSFONTS</code><a name="index-DVIPSFONTS-250"></a><dd>Default path to search for all fonts. Overrides all the font path + <br><dt><code>DVIPSFONTS</code><a name="index-DVIPSFONTS-251"></a><dd>Default path to search for all fonts. Overrides all the font path config file options and other environment variables (see <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>). - <br><dt><code>DVIPSHEADERS</code><a name="index-DVIPSHEADERS-251"></a><dd>Default path to search for PostScript header files. Overrides the ‘<samp><span class="samp">H</span></samp>’ + <br><dt><code>DVIPSHEADERS</code><a name="index-DVIPSHEADERS-252"></a><dd>Default path to search for PostScript header files. Overrides the ‘<samp><span class="samp">H</span></samp>’ config file option (see <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a>). - <br><dt><code>DVIPSMAKEPK</code><a name="index-DVIPSMAKEPK-252"></a><dd><a name="index-mktexpk_0040r_007b_002c-changing-name_007d-253"></a>Overrides ‘<samp><span class="samp">mktexpk</span></samp>’ as the name of the program to invoke to + <br><dt><code>DVIPSMAKEPK</code><a name="index-DVIPSMAKEPK-253"></a><dd><a name="index-mktexpk_0040r_007b_002c-changing-name_007d-254"></a>Overrides ‘<samp><span class="samp">mktexpk</span></samp>’ as the name of the program to invoke to create missing PK fonts. You can change the arguments passed to the <code>mktexpk</code> program with the <code>MAKETEXPK</code> environment variable; see <a href="kpathsea.html#MakeTeX-script-arguments">MakeTeX script arguments</a>. - <br><dt><code>DVIPSRC</code><a name="index-DVIPSRC-254"></a><dd>Specifies the name of the startup file (see <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a>) which is read after <samp><span class="file">config.ps</span></samp> but before any + <br><dt><code>DVIPSRC</code><a name="index-DVIPSRC-255"></a><dd>Specifies the name of the startup file (see <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a>) which is read after <samp><span class="file">config.ps</span></samp> but before any printer-specific configuration files. - <br><dt><code>DVIPSSIZES</code><a name="index-DVIPSSIZES-255"></a><dd><a name="index-last_002dresort-font-scaling_002c-with-_0040code_007bDVIPSSIZES_007d-256"></a>Last-resort sizes for scaling of unfound fonts. Overrides the ‘<samp><span class="samp">R</span></samp>’ + <br><dt><code>DVIPSSIZES</code><a name="index-DVIPSSIZES-256"></a><dd><a name="index-last_002dresort-font-scaling_002c-with-_0040code_007bDVIPSSIZES_007d-257"></a>Last-resort sizes for scaling of unfound fonts. Overrides the ‘<samp><span class="samp">R</span></samp>’ definition in config files (see <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a>). - <br><dt><code>PRINTER</code><a name="index-PRINTER-257"></a><dd>Determine the default printer configuration file. (Dvips itself does + <br><dt><code>PRINTER</code><a name="index-PRINTER-258"></a><dd>Determine the default printer configuration file. (Dvips itself does not use <code>PRINTER</code> to determine the output destination in any way.) - <br><dt><code>TEXCONFIG</code><a name="index-TEXCONFIG-258"></a><dd><a name="index-configuration-file-path-259"></a>Path to search for Dvips' <samp><span class="file">config.</span><var>printer</var></samp> configuration + <br><dt><code>TEXCONFIG</code><a name="index-TEXCONFIG-259"></a><dd><a name="index-configuration-file-path-260"></a>Path to search for Dvips' <samp><span class="file">config.</span><var>printer</var></samp> configuration files, including the base <samp><span class="file">config.ps</span></samp>. Using this single environment variable, you can override everything else. (The printer-specific configuration files are called <samp><var>printer</var><span class="file">.cfg</span></samp> on MS-DOS, but <samp><span class="file">config.ps</span></samp> is called by that name on all platforms.) - <br><dt><code>TEXPICTS</code><a name="index-TEXPICTS-260"></a><dd>Path to search for included graphics files. Overrides the ‘<samp><span class="samp">S</span></samp>’ + <br><dt><code>TEXPICTS</code><a name="index-TEXPICTS-261"></a><dd>Path to search for included graphics files. Overrides the ‘<samp><span class="samp">S</span></samp>’ config file option (see <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a>). If not set, <code>TEXINPUTS</code> is looked for. See <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>. @@ -1257,7 +1261,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Invoking-Dvips">Invoking Dvips</a> <h3 class="section">3.4 Dvips configuration files</h3> -<p><a name="index-configuration-files-261"></a> +<p><a name="index-configuration-files-262"></a> This section describes in detail the Dvips-specific <samp><span class="file">config.*</span></samp> device configuration files (called <samp><span class="file">*.cfg</span></samp> on MS-DOS), which override the <samp><span class="file">texmf.cnf</span></samp> @@ -1282,17 +1286,17 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Config-files">Config files</a> <h4 class="subsection">3.4.1 Configuration file searching</h4> -<p><a name="index-configuration-file-searching-262"></a><a name="index-searching-config-files_002c-order-of-263"></a> +<p><a name="index-configuration-file-searching-263"></a><a name="index-searching-config-files_002c-order-of-264"></a> The Dvips program loads many different configuration files, so that parameters can be set globally across the system, on a per-device basis, or individually by each user. <ol type=1 start=1> -<li><a name="index-config_002eps_0040r_007b_002c-searched-for_007d-264"></a>Dvips first reads (if it exists) <samp><span class="file">config.ps</span></samp>; it is searched for +<li><a name="index-config_002eps_0040r_007b_002c-searched-for_007d-265"></a>Dvips first reads (if it exists) <samp><span class="file">config.ps</span></samp>; it is searched for along the path for Dvips configuration files, as described in <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>. - <li><a name="index-g_t_002edvipsrc_0040r_007b_002c-searched-for_007d-265"></a>A user-specific startup file is loaded, so individual users can override + <li><a name="index-g_t_002edvipsrc_0040r_007b_002c-searched-for_007d-266"></a>A user-specific startup file is loaded, so individual users can override any options set in the global file. The environment variable <code>DVIPSRC</code>, if defined, is used as the specification of the startup file. If this variable is undefined, Dvips uses a platform-specific @@ -1304,7 +1308,7 @@ searched for along the path for Dvips configuration files (as described in <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>.); users are expected to set this path as they see fit for their taste. - <li><a name="index-g_t_002dP_0040var_007bprinter_007d_0040r_007b_002c-and-config-file-searching_007d-266"></a>The command line is read and parsed: if the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-P</span><var>device</var></samp>’ option + <li><a name="index-g_t_002dP_0040var_007bprinter_007d_0040r_007b_002c-and-config-file-searching_007d-267"></a>The command line is read and parsed: if the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-P</span><var>device</var></samp>’ option is encountered, at that point <samp><span class="file">config.</span><var>device</var></samp> is loaded. Thus, the printer configuration file can override anything in the site-wide or user configuration file, and it can also override options @@ -1313,7 +1317,7 @@ encountered. (On MS-DOS, the printer configuration files are called <samp><var>device</var><span class="file">.cfg</span></samp>, since DOS doesn't allow more than 3 characters after the dot in filenames.) - <li><a name="index-PRINTER_0040r_007b_002c-and-config-file-searching_007d-267"></a>If no ‘<samp><span class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ option was specified, and also the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ and + <li><a name="index-PRINTER_0040r_007b_002c-and-config-file-searching_007d-268"></a>If no ‘<samp><span class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ option was specified, and also the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ command line options were not used, Dvips checks the environment variable <code>PRINTER</code>. If it exists, then <samp><span class="file">config.</span><var>$PRINTER</var></samp> (<samp><var>$PRINTER</var><span class="file">.cfg</span></samp> on MS-DOS) is @@ -1359,7 +1363,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Config-files">Config files</a> <h4 class="subsection">3.4.2 Configuration file commands</h4> -<p><a name="index-configuration-file-options-268"></a><a name="index-Dvips-configuration-file-options-269"></a> +<p><a name="index-configuration-file-options-269"></a><a name="index-Dvips-configuration-file-options-270"></a> Most of the configuration file commands are similar to corresponding command line options, but there are a few exceptions. When they are the same, we omit the description here. @@ -1367,44 +1371,44 @@ same, we omit the description here. <p>As with command line options, many may be turned off by suffixing the letter with a zero (‘<samp><span class="samp">0</span></samp>’). - <p><a name="index-comments_002c-in-configuration-files-270"></a><a name="index-continuation-lines_002c-not-supported-271"></a>Within a configuration file, empty lines, and lines starting with a + <p><a name="index-comments_002c-in-configuration-files-271"></a><a name="index-continuation-lines_002c-not-supported-272"></a>Within a configuration file, empty lines, and lines starting with a space, asterisk, equal sign, percent sign, or pound sign are ignored. There is no provision for continuation lines. <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">@ </span><var>name hsize vsize</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_0040_0040-_0040r_007bpaper-size-config-command_007d-272"></a>Define paper sizes. See <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a>. +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">@ </span><var>name hsize vsize</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_0040_0040-_0040r_007bpaper-size-config-command_007d-273"></a>Define paper sizes. See <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">a*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-a-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028memory-conservation_0029_007d-273"></a>Memory conservation. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-a</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">a*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-a-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028memory-conservation_0029_007d-274"></a>Memory conservation. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-a</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">b </span><var>#copies</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-b-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028_0023copies_0029_007d-274"></a>Multiple copies. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-b</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">b </span><var>#copies</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-b-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028_0023copies_0029_007d-275"></a>Multiple copies. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-b</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">D </span><var>dpi</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-D-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028dpi_0029_007d-275"></a>Output resolution. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-D</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">D </span><var>dpi</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-D-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028dpi_0029_007d-276"></a>Output resolution. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-D</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">e </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-e-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028maxdrift_0029_007d-276"></a>Max drift. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-e</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">e </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-e-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028maxdrift_0029_007d-277"></a>Max drift. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-e</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">E </span><var>command</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-E-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028shell-escape_0029_007d-277"></a><a name="index-system-_0040r_007bin-config-file_007d-278"></a><a name="index-datestamp_002c-in-output-279"></a><a name="index-shell-escape_002c-in-config-file-280"></a>Executes the command listed with <code>system</code>(3); can be used to get + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">E </span><var>command</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-E-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028shell-escape_0029_007d-278"></a><a name="index-system-_0040r_007bin-config-file_007d-279"></a><a name="index-datestamp_002c-in-output-280"></a><a name="index-shell-escape_002c-in-config-file-281"></a>Executes the command listed with <code>system</code>(3); can be used to get the current date into a header file for inclusion, for instance. Possibly dangerous; this may be disabled, in which case a warning will be printed if the option is used (and warnings are not suppressed). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">f*</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">F</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-f-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028filter_0029_007d-281"></a><a name="index-F-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028filter_0029_007d-282"></a>Run as a filter. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-f</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">f*</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">F</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-f-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028filter_0029_007d-282"></a><a name="index-F-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028filter_0029_007d-283"></a>Run as a filter. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-f</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">G*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-G-_0040r_007bcharacter-shifting-config-command_007d-283"></a>Shift low-numbered characters; obsolete. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-G</span></samp>’, + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">G*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-G-_0040r_007bcharacter-shifting-config-command_007d-284"></a>Shift low-numbered characters; obsolete. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-G</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">h </span><var>header</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-h-_0040r_007bheader-downloading-config-command_007d-284"></a>Prepend <var>header</var> to output. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">h-</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">h </span><var>header</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-h-_0040r_007bheader-downloading-config-command_007d-285"></a>Prepend <var>header</var> to output. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">h-</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">H </span><var>path</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-H-_0040r_007bheader-path-config-command_007d-285"></a><a name="index-header-path_002c-defining-286"></a><a name="index-DVIPSHEADERS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-H-287"></a>Use <var>path</var> to search for PostScript header files. The environment + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">H </span><var>path</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-H-_0040r_007bheader-path-config-command_007d-286"></a><a name="index-header-path_002c-defining-287"></a><a name="index-DVIPSHEADERS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-H-288"></a>Use <var>path</var> to search for PostScript header files. The environment variable <code>DVIPSHEADERS</code> overrides this. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">i </span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-i-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028pages_002fsection_0029_007d-288"></a>Make multiple output files. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-i -S </span><var>n</var></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">i </span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-i-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028pages_002fsection_0029_007d-289"></a>Make multiple output files. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-i -S </span><var>n</var></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">j*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-j-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028partial-font-downloading_0029_007d-289"></a>Partially download Type 1 fonts. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-j</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">j*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-j-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028partial-font-downloading_0029_007d-290"></a>Partially download Type 1 fonts. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-j</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">K*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-K-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028comment_002dremoval_0029_007d-290"></a>Remove comments from included PostScript files. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-K</span></samp>’, + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">K*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-K-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028comment_002dremoval_0029_007d-291"></a>Remove comments from included PostScript files. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-K</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">m </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-m-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028available-memory_0029_007d-291"></a><a name="index-memory-available-292"></a><a name="index-printer-memory-293"></a>Declare <var>num</var> as the memory available for fonts and strings in the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">m </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-m-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028available-memory_0029_007d-292"></a><a name="index-memory-available-293"></a><a name="index-printer-memory-294"></a>Declare <var>num</var> as the memory available for fonts and strings in the printer. Default is 180000. This value must be accurate if memory conservation and document splitting is to work correctly. To determine this value, send the following file to the printer: @@ -1421,13 +1425,13 @@ memory available to a PostScript interpreter, in which case this file might return a ridiculously low number; for example, the NeXT computer and Ghostscript. In these cases, a value of one million works fine. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">M </span><var>mode</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-M-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028mf-mode_0029_007d-294"></a>Metafont mode. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-mode</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">M </span><var>mode</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-M-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028mf-mode_0029_007d-295"></a>Metafont mode. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-mode</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">N*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-N-_0040r_007bEPS_002ddisabling-config-command_007d-295"></a>Disable structured comments. Beware: This also turns off displaying + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">N*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-N-_0040r_007bEPS_002ddisabling-config-command_007d-296"></a>Disable structured comments. Beware: This also turns off displaying page numbers or changing to specific pagenumbers in PostScript viewers. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-N</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">o </span><var>name</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-o-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028output-file_0029_007d-296"></a><a name="index-output-file_002c-setting-297"></a>Send output to <var>name</var>. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-o</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">o </span><var>name</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-o-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028output-file_0029_007d-297"></a><a name="index-output-file_002c-setting-298"></a>Send output to <var>name</var>. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-o</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. In the file <samp><span class="file">config.foo</span></samp>, a setting like this is probably appropriate: <pre class="example"> o |lpr -Pfoo @@ -1436,9 +1440,9 @@ appropriate: the local printer device <samp><span class="file">PRN</span></samp> if it doesn't find an executable program by that name in the current directory or along the <code>PATH</code>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">O </span><var>xoff</var><span class="samp">,</span><var>yoff</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-O-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028offset_0029_007d-298"></a>Origin offset. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-O</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">O </span><var>xoff</var><span class="samp">,</span><var>yoff</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-O-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028offset_0029_007d-299"></a>Origin offset. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-O</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">p [+]</span><var>name</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-p-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028font-aliases_0029_007d-299"></a><a name="index-PostScript-font-alias-file-300"></a><a name="index-resident-fonts_002c-different-in-different-printers-301"></a><a name="index-g_t_002b_0040var_007bpsmapfile_007d-302"></a>Examine <var>name</var> for PostScript font aliases. Default is + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">p [+]</span><var>name</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-p-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028font-aliases_0029_007d-300"></a><a name="index-PostScript-font-alias-file-301"></a><a name="index-resident-fonts_002c-different-in-different-printers-302"></a><a name="index-g_t_002b_0040var_007bpsmapfile_007d-303"></a>Examine <var>name</var> for PostScript font aliases. Default is <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp>. This option allows you to specify different resident fonts that different printers may have. If <var>name</var> starts with a ‘<samp><span class="samp">+</span></samp>’ character, then the rest of the name (after any leading spaces) @@ -1446,15 +1450,15 @@ is used as an additional map file; thus, it is possible to have local map files pointed to by local configuration files that append to the global map file. This can be used for font families. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">P </span><var>path</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-P-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028PK-path_0029_007d-303"></a><a name="index-PKFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-304"></a><a name="index-TEXPKS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-305"></a><a name="index-GLYPHFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-306"></a><a name="index-TEXFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-307"></a>Use <var>path</var> to search for bitmap PK font files is <var>path</var>. The + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">P </span><var>path</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-P-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028PK-path_0029_007d-304"></a><a name="index-PKFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-305"></a><a name="index-TEXPKS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-306"></a><a name="index-GLYPHFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-307"></a><a name="index-TEXFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-308"></a>Use <var>path</var> to search for bitmap PK font files is <var>path</var>. The <code>PKFONTS</code>, <code>TEXPKS</code>, <code>GLYPHFONTS</code>, and <code>TEXFONTS</code> environment variables override this. See <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">q*</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Q</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-q-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028quiet_0029_007d-308"></a><a name="index-Q-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028quiet_0029_007d-309"></a>Run quietly. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-q</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">q*</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Q</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-q-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028quiet_0029_007d-309"></a><a name="index-Q-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028quiet_0029_007d-310"></a>Run quietly. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-q</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">r*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-r-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028page-reversal_0029_007d-310"></a>Page reversal. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-r</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">r*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-r-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028page-reversal_0029_007d-311"></a>Page reversal. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-r</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">R </span><var>num1 num2 <small class="dots">...</small></var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-R-_0040r_007bfallback-resolution-config-command_007d-311"></a><a name="index-fallback-resolutions-312"></a><a name="index-default-resolutions-313"></a><a name="index-last_002dresort-scaling_002c-with-_0040code_007bR_007d-314"></a>Define the list of default resolutions for PK fonts. If a font size + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">R </span><var>num1 num2 <small class="dots">...</small></var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-R-_0040r_007bfallback-resolution-config-command_007d-312"></a><a name="index-fallback-resolutions-313"></a><a name="index-default-resolutions-314"></a><a name="index-last_002dresort-scaling_002c-with-_0040code_007bR_007d-315"></a>Define the list of default resolutions for PK fonts. If a font size actually used in a document is not available and cannot be created, Dvips will scale the font found at the closest of these resolutions to the requested size, using PostScript scaling. The resulting output may @@ -1466,43 +1470,43 @@ than the preceding one is ignored. This is because it is better to scale a font up than down; scaling down can obliterate small features in the character shape. - <p><a name="index-DVIPSSIZES_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-R-315"></a><a name="index-TEXSIZES_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-R-316"></a>The environment and config file values ‘<samp><span class="samp">DVIPSSIZES</span></samp>’ or + <p><a name="index-DVIPSSIZES_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-R-316"></a><a name="index-TEXSIZES_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-R-317"></a>The environment and config file values ‘<samp><span class="samp">DVIPSSIZES</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">TEXSIZES</span></samp>’ override this configuration file setting. - <p><a name="index-default_005ftexsizes-_0040r_007bMake-variable_007d-317"></a>If no ‘<samp><span class="samp">R</span></samp>’ settings or environment variables are specified, a list + <p><a name="index-default_005ftexsizes-_0040r_007bMake-variable_007d-318"></a>If no ‘<samp><span class="samp">R</span></samp>’ settings or environment variables are specified, a list compiled in during installation is used. This default list is defined by the Makefile variable ‘<samp><span class="samp">default_texsizes</span></samp>’, defined in the file <samp><span class="file">make/paths.make</span></samp>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">s*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-s-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028save_002frestore_0029_007d-318"></a>Output global save/restore. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-s</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">s*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-s-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028save_002frestore_0029_007d-319"></a>Output global save/restore. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-s</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">S </span><var>path</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-S-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028pict-path_0029_007d-319"></a><a name="index-TEXPICTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-S-320"></a><a name="index-TEXINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-S-321"></a>Use <var>path</var> to search for special illustrations (Encapsulated + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">S </span><var>path</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-S-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028pict-path_0029_007d-320"></a><a name="index-TEXPICTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-S-321"></a><a name="index-TEXINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-S-322"></a>Use <var>path</var> to search for special illustrations (Encapsulated PostScript files or psfiles). The <code>TEXPICTS</code> and then <code>TEXINPUTS</code> environment variables override this. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">T </span><var>path</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-T-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028TFM-path_0029_007d-322"></a><a name="index-TFMFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-T-323"></a><a name="index-TEXFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-T-324"></a>Use <var>path</var> to search for TFM files. The <code>TFMFONTS</code> and then + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">T </span><var>path</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-T-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028TFM-path_0029_007d-323"></a><a name="index-TFMFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-T-324"></a><a name="index-TEXFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-T-325"></a>Use <var>path</var> to search for TFM files. The <code>TFMFONTS</code> and then <code>TEXFONTS</code> environment variables overrides this. This path is used for resident fonts and fonts that can't otherwise be found. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">U*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-U-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028Xerox-4045_0029_007d-325"></a>Work around bug in Xerox 4045 printer. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-U</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">U*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-U-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028Xerox-4045_0029_007d-326"></a>Work around bug in Xerox 4045 printer. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-U</span></samp>’, see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">V </span><var>path</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-V-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028vf-path_0029_007d-326"></a><a name="index-virtual-font-path-327"></a><a name="index-device-dependency_002c-and-virtual-fonts-328"></a>Use <var>path</var> to search for virtual font files. This may be + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">V </span><var>path</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-V-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028vf-path_0029_007d-327"></a><a name="index-virtual-font-path-328"></a><a name="index-device-dependency_002c-and-virtual-fonts-329"></a>Use <var>path</var> to search for virtual font files. This may be device-dependent if you use virtual fonts to simulate actual fonts on different devices. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">W [</span><var>string</var><span class="roman">]</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-W-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028warning_0029_007d-329"></a><a name="index-warning-messages_002c-defining-330"></a>If <var>string</var> is supplied, write it to standard error after reading + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">W [</span><var>string</var><span class="roman">]</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-W-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028warning_0029_007d-330"></a><a name="index-warning-messages_002c-defining-331"></a>If <var>string</var> is supplied, write it to standard error after reading all the configuration files; with no <var>string</var>, cancel any previous ‘<samp><span class="samp">W</span></samp>’ message. This is useful in the default configuration file to remind users to specify a printer, for instance, or to notify users about special characteristics of a particular printer. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">X </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-X-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028horizontal-resolution_0029_007d-331"></a>Horizontal resolution. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-X</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>). + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">X </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-X-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028horizontal-resolution_0029_007d-332"></a>Horizontal resolution. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-X</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Y </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-Y-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028vertical-resolution_0029_007d-332"></a>Vertical resolution. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-Y</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>). + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Y </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-Y-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028vertical-resolution_0029_007d-333"></a>Vertical resolution. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-Y</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Z*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-Z-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028compression_0029_007d-333"></a>Compress bitmap fonts. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-Z</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>). + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Z*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-Z-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028compression_0029_007d-334"></a>Compress bitmap fonts. Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-Z</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">z*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-z-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028secure-mode_0029_007d-334"></a>Disables execution of system commands, like ‘<samp><span class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">z*</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-z-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028secure-mode_0029_007d-335"></a>Disables execution of system commands, like ‘<samp><span class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>). If ‘<samp><span class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ is specified on the command line, that takes precedence. @@ -1519,13 +1523,13 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">4 Paper size and landscape orientation</h2> -<p><a name="index-paper-size_002c-general-335"></a> +<p><a name="index-paper-size_002c-general-336"></a> Most TeX documents at a particular site are designed to use the local standard paper size (letter size in the United States, A4 in Europe). The Dvips program can be customized either sitewide or for a particular printer. - <p><a name="index-landscape-orientation_002c-defined-336"></a><a name="index-portrait-orientation_002c-defined-337"></a>But many documents are designed for other paper sizes. For instance, + <p><a name="index-landscape-orientation_002c-defined-337"></a><a name="index-portrait-orientation_002c-defined-338"></a>But many documents are designed for other paper sizes. For instance, you may want to design a document that has the long edge of the paper horizontal. This can be useful when typesetting booklets, brochures, complex tables, or many other documents. This type of paper orientation @@ -1560,7 +1564,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Paper-size-and-landscape">Paper size a <h3 class="section">4.1 ‘<samp><span class="samp">papersize</span></samp>’ special</h3> -<p><a name="index-papersize-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-338"></a> +<p><a name="index-papersize-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-339"></a> The format of the ‘<samp><span class="samp">papersize</span></samp>’ special is <pre class="example"> \special{papersize=<var>width</var>,<var>height</var>} @@ -1571,7 +1575,7 @@ namely, in (inches), cm (centimeters), mm (millimeters), pt (points), sp (scaled points), bp (big points, the same as the default PostScript unit), pc (picas), dd (didot points), and cc (ciceros). - <p><a name="index-landscape_0040r_007b_002c-as-_0040code_007b_005cspecial_007d_007d-339"></a>For a US letter size landscape document, the <code>papersize</code> would be: + <p><a name="index-landscape_0040r_007b_002c-as-_0040code_007b_005cspecial_007d_007d-340"></a>For a US letter size landscape document, the <code>papersize</code> would be: <pre class="example"> \special{papersize=11in,8.5in} </pre> <p class="noindent">An alternate specification of <code>landscape</code>: @@ -1584,7 +1588,7 @@ reventually the <code>papersize</code> comment will dominate. paper size; you must also adjust <code>\hsize</code> and <code>\vsize</code> in your TeX document typeset to those dimensions. - <p><a name="index-unknown_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-340"></a>When using the <code>papersize</code> special, you generally should not also + <p><a name="index-unknown_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-341"></a>When using the <code>papersize</code> special, you generally should not also specify <code>-t</code> on the command line (see <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>). The exception is when using a nonstandard paper size that isn't predefined; in this case, use <code>-t unknown</code>. @@ -1603,7 +1607,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Paper-size-and-landscape">Paper size a <h3 class="section">4.2 Configuration file paper size command</h3> -<p><a name="index-paper-size-configuration-file-command-341"></a><a name="index-configuration-file-paper-size-command-342"></a> +<p><a name="index-paper-size-configuration-file-command-342"></a><a name="index-configuration-file-paper-size-command-343"></a> The ‘<samp><span class="samp">@</span></samp>’ command in a configuration file sets the paper size defaults and options. The first ‘<samp><span class="samp">@</span></samp>’ command defines the default paper size. It has three possible parameters: @@ -1669,22 +1673,22 @@ commands; others (such as the NeXT) want ‘<samp><span class="samp">PaperSi they will handle setting the paper size. So paper size entries should typically specify both. - <p><a name="index-unknown_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-343"></a>When using a paper size that is not already defined in + <p><a name="index-unknown_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-344"></a>When using a paper size that is not already defined in <samp><span class="file">config.ps</span></samp>, you probably want to say ‘<samp><span class="samp">-t unknown</span></samp>’ on the command line; the <code>unknown</code> paper size definition in <samp><span class="file">config.ps</span></samp> has the requisite PostScript incantation to set the PostScript page size, as just described. - <p><a name="index-nopaper_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-344"></a>If you want no paper size information in the output at all, use + <p><a name="index-nopaper_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-345"></a>If you want no paper size information in the output at all, use ‘<samp><span class="samp">-t nopaper</span></samp>’. This is useful with multi-page output that will be processed further. If you just have a single page document, you can use ‘<samp><span class="samp">-E</span></samp>’ to get pure EPSF output. - <p><a name="index-mkdvipspapers-345"></a>The Perl 5 script <samp><span class="file">contrib/configs/mkdvipspapers</span></samp> in the + <p><a name="index-mkdvipspapers-346"></a>The Perl 5 script <samp><span class="file">contrib/configs/mkdvipspapers</span></samp> in the distribution directory may help in determining appropriate paper size definitions. - <p><a name="index-config_002eps-_0040r_007bpaper-sizes_007d-346"></a><a name="index-letter-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-347"></a><a name="index-a4-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-348"></a>Notwithstanding the above, the default <code>letter</code> and <code>a4</code> + <p><a name="index-config_002eps-_0040r_007bpaper-sizes_007d-347"></a><a name="index-letter-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-348"></a><a name="index-a4-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-349"></a>Notwithstanding the above, the default <code>letter</code> and <code>a4</code> paper size definitions in <samp><span class="file">config.ps</span></samp> execute the <code>setpagedevice</code> operator if it exists (it was defined in PostScript Level 2), or the ‘<samp><span class="samp">letter</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">a4</span></samp>’ operator @@ -1693,7 +1697,7 @@ certain (unknown) printers). Not executing any page size definition at all confuses PostScript conversion programs such as <samp><span class="command">ps2pdf</span></samp>, so we want to execute one if we can. - <p><a name="index-letterSize-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-349"></a><a name="index-A4size-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-350"></a>The <code>letterSize</code> and <code>A4Size</code> paper size definitions are now + <p><a name="index-letterSize-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-350"></a><a name="index-A4size-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-351"></a>The <code>letterSize</code> and <code>A4Size</code> paper size definitions are now synonyms for <code>letter</code> and <code>a4</code>. <div class="node"> @@ -1706,12 +1710,12 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Paper-size-and-landscape">Paper size a <h3 class="section">4.3 Paper trays</h3> -<p><a name="index-paper-trays-351"></a><a name="index-dual-paper-trays-352"></a><a name="index-multiple-paper-trays-353"></a><a name="index-HP4Si-printer-and-paper-trays-354"></a> -<a name="index-bop_002dhook-355"></a>Some printers, such as the Hewlett-Packard HP4si, have multiple paper +<p><a name="index-paper-trays-352"></a><a name="index-dual-paper-trays-353"></a><a name="index-multiple-paper-trays-354"></a><a name="index-HP4Si-printer-and-paper-trays-355"></a> +<a name="index-bop_002dhook-356"></a>Some printers, such as the Hewlett-Packard HP4si, have multiple paper trays. You can set up Dvips to take advantage of this using the <code>bop-hook</code> PostScript variable (see <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a>). - <p><a name="index-letterhead-tray-356"></a>For example, suppose you have an alternate tray stocked with letterhead + <p><a name="index-letterhead-tray-357"></a>For example, suppose you have an alternate tray stocked with letterhead paper; the usual tray has the usual paper. You have a document where you want the first page printed on letterhead, and the remaining pages on the usual paper. You can create a header file, say @@ -1748,7 +1752,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">5 Interaction with PostScript</h2> -<p><a name="index-interaction-with-PostScript-357"></a><a name="index-PostScript-interaction-358"></a> +<p><a name="index-interaction-with-PostScript-358"></a><a name="index-PostScript-interaction-359"></a> Dvips supports inclusion of PostScript figure files (e.g., Encapsulated PostScript), downloading other header files (e.g., fonts), including literal PostScript code, and hypertext. @@ -1793,20 +1797,20 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#PostScript-figures">PostScript figures <h4 class="subsection">5.1.1 The bounding box comment</h4> -<p><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-comment-for-359"></a> +<p><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-comment-for-360"></a> The most important feature of a good PostScript file from the standpoint of including it in another document is an accurate bounding box comment. Every well-formed PostScript file has a comment describing where on the page the graphic is located, and how big that graphic is. - <p><a name="index-big-points-360"></a><a name="index-PostScript-units-361"></a><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-defined-362"></a>This information is given as the lower left and upper right corners of + <p><a name="index-big-points-361"></a><a name="index-PostScript-units-362"></a><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-defined-363"></a>This information is given as the lower left and upper right corners of the box just enclosing the graphic, and is thus referred to as the <dfn>bounding box</dfn>. These coordinates are given in the default PostScript units (there are precisely 72 PostScript units to the inch, like TeX big points) with respect to the lower left corner of the sheet of paper. - <p><a name="index-g_t_0025_0025BoundingBox-363"></a>To see if a PostScript file has a bounding box comment, just look at the + <p><a name="index-g_t_0025_0025BoundingBox-364"></a>To see if a PostScript file has a bounding box comment, just look at the first few lines of the file. PostScript files are standard ASCII, so you can use any text editor to do this. If within the first few dozen lines there is a line like @@ -1817,7 +1821,7 @@ lines there is a line like Encapsulated PostScript and will work easily with Dvips. If the file contains instead a line like - <p><a name="index-atend_0040r_007b_002c-bounding-box-specification_007d-364"></a><a name="index-g_t_0028atend_0029_0040r_007b_002c-bounding-box-specification_007d-365"></a> + <p><a name="index-atend_0040r_007b_002c-bounding-box-specification_007d-365"></a><a name="index-g_t_0028atend_0029_0040r_007b_002c-bounding-box-specification_007d-366"></a> <pre class="example"> %%BoundingBox: (atend) </pre> <p class="noindent">the file is still probably Encapsulated PostScript, but the bounding box @@ -1827,13 +1831,13 @@ bounding box is given in this way when the program that generated the PostScript couldn't know the size in advance, or was too lazy to compute it.) - <p><a name="index-bbfig-366"></a><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-determining-367"></a>If the document lacks a ‘<samp><span class="samp">%%BoundingBox:</span></samp>’ altogether, you can + <p><a name="index-bbfig-367"></a><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-determining-368"></a>If the document lacks a ‘<samp><span class="samp">%%BoundingBox:</span></samp>’ altogether, you can determine one in a couple of ways. One is to use the ‘<samp><span class="samp">bbfig</span></samp>’ program distributed with Dvips in the <samp><span class="file">contrib</span></samp> directory. This can usually find the correct bounding box automatically; it works best with Ghostscript. - <p><a name="index-g_t612-792-_0040r_007bbounding-box-size_007d-368"></a>If the comment looks like this: + <p><a name="index-g_t612-792-_0040r_007bbounding-box-size_007d-369"></a>If the comment looks like this: <pre class="example"> %%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792 </pre> <p class="noindent">the graphic claims to take up an entire sheet of paper. This is @@ -1877,7 +1881,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#PostScript-figures">PostScript figures <h4 class="subsection">5.1.2 The \includegraphics macro for LaTeX</h4> -<p><a name="index-g_t_005cincludegraphics-_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-macro-369"></a><a name="index-macros-for-epsf-inclusion-370"></a> +<p><a name="index-g_t_005cincludegraphics-_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-macro-370"></a><a name="index-macros-for-epsf-inclusion-371"></a> Once the figure file has a bounding box comment (see the previous section) you are ready to import the graphic into a LaTeX document. For LaTeX 2e, you can use the epsf, graphics or graphicx @@ -1909,7 +1913,7 @@ different TeX engines or DVI converters if you also provide suitable graphics files for them, e.g., <samp><span class="file">foo.pdf</span></samp> or <samp><span class="file">foo.png</span></samp>. - <p><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-supplying-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-371"></a>The \includegraphics command has many options, specified in + <p><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-supplying-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-372"></a>The \includegraphics command has many options, specified in ‘<samp><span class="samp">key=value</span></samp>’ syntax, to allow you to resize, rotate or trim the included graphic—see <samp><span class="file">grfguide</span></samp> or <samp><span class="file">epslatex</span></samp>. If your file does not have a bounding box comment, you can supply the numbers @@ -1940,7 +1944,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#PostScript-figures">PostScript figures <h4 class="subsection">5.1.3 Using the EPSF macros</h4> -<p><a name="index-EPSF-macros-372"></a><a name="index-macros-for-epsf-inclusion-373"></a> +<p><a name="index-EPSF-macros-373"></a><a name="index-macros-for-epsf-inclusion-374"></a> If you are using LaTeX 2e, use the ‘<samp><span class="samp">graphics</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">graphicx</span></samp>’ package. See <a href="#g_t_005cincludegraphics">\includegraphics</a>. @@ -1948,10 +1952,10 @@ package. See <a href="#g_t_005cincludegraphics">\includegraphics</a>. (for plain TeX) and <samp><span class="file">epsf.sty</span></samp> (for LaTeX). For plain TeX, add a line like this near the top of your input file: - <p><a name="index-epsf_002etex-374"></a> + <p><a name="index-epsf_002etex-375"></a> <pre class="example"> \input epsf </pre> - <p class="noindent"><a name="index-epsf_002esty-375"></a>If you are using LaTeX 2.09, add the ‘<samp><span class="samp">epsf</span></samp>’ style option, as in: + <p class="noindent"><a name="index-epsf_002esty-376"></a>If you are using LaTeX 2.09, add the ‘<samp><span class="samp">epsf</span></samp>’ style option, as in: <pre class="example"> \documentstyle[12pt,epsf]{article} </pre> @@ -1962,7 +1966,7 @@ figures you plan to include. <pre class="example"> \epsffile{foo.eps} </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_005cleavevmode-376"></a><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-supplying-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-377"></a>If you are using LaTeX, you may need to add <code>\leavevmode</code> + <p><a name="index-g_t_005cleavevmode-377"></a><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-supplying-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-378"></a>If you are using LaTeX, you may need to add <code>\leavevmode</code> immediately before the <code>\epsffile</code> command to get certain environments to work correctly. If your file does not have a bounding box comment, you can supply the numbers as determined in the previous @@ -1975,7 +1979,7 @@ comment: your graphic positioned at precisely the point you indicated, occupying the proper amount of space. - <p><a name="index-g_t_005cepsffile-_0040r_007bmacro_007d-378"></a><a name="index-figures_002c-natural-size-379"></a>The <code>\epsffile</code> macro typesets the figure as a TeX <code>\vbox</code> + <p><a name="index-g_t_005cepsffile-_0040r_007bmacro_007d-379"></a><a name="index-figures_002c-natural-size-380"></a>The <code>\epsffile</code> macro typesets the figure as a TeX <code>\vbox</code> at the point of the page that the command is executed. By default, the graphic will have its `natural' width (namely, the width of its bounding box). The TeX box will have depth zero and its natural height. By @@ -1983,7 +1987,7 @@ default, the graphic will be scaled by any DVI magnification in effect, just as is everything else in your document. See the next section for more information on scaling. - <p><a name="index-g_t_005cepsfverbosetrue-380"></a><a name="index-verbose-EPSF-processing-381"></a>If you want TeX to report the size of the figure as a message on your + <p><a name="index-g_t_005cepsfverbosetrue-381"></a><a name="index-verbose-EPSF-processing-382"></a>If you want TeX to report the size of the figure as a message on your terminal when it processes each figure, give the command: <pre class="example"> \epsfverbosetrue @@ -2003,7 +2007,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a> <h5 class="subsubsection">5.1.3.1 EPSF scaling</h5> -<p><a name="index-scaling-of-figures-382"></a><a name="index-figures_002c-scaling-383"></a> +<p><a name="index-scaling-of-figures-383"></a><a name="index-figures_002c-scaling-384"></a> Usually, you will want to scale an EPSF figure to some size appropriate for your document, since its natural size is determined by the creator of the EPS file. @@ -2012,14 +2016,14 @@ of the EPS file. <code>\epsfxsize</code> or <code>\epsfysize</code> variables, whichever is more convenient for you. That is, put - <p><a name="index-g_t_005cepsfxsize-384"></a> + <p><a name="index-g_t_005cepsfxsize-385"></a> <pre class="example"> \epsfxsize=<var>dimen</var> </pre> <p class="noindent">right before the call to <code>\epsffile</code>. Then the width of the TeX box will be <var>dimen</var> and its height will be scaled proportionately. Similarly, you can set the vertical size with - <p><a name="index-g_t_005cepsfysize-385"></a> + <p><a name="index-g_t_005cepsfysize-386"></a> <pre class="example"> \epsfysize=<var>dimen</var> </pre> <p class="noindent">in which case the height will be set and the width scaled @@ -2029,7 +2033,7 @@ proportionally. included graphic may necessarily be distorted, i.e., its contents stretched in one direction or the other. - <p><a name="index-g_t_005cepsfsize-386"></a>You can resize graphics in a more general way by redefining the + <p><a name="index-g_t_005cepsfsize-387"></a>You can resize graphics in a more general way by redefining the <code>\epsfsize</code> macro. <code>\epsffile</code> calls this with two parameters: the natural horizontal and vertical sizes of the PostScript graphic. <code>\epsfsize</code> must expand to the desired horizontal size, @@ -2059,11 +2063,11 @@ instead of <code>\hsize</code>.) </dl> - <p><a name="index-DVI-magnification-387"></a><a name="index-magnification_002c-DVI-388"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cmagnification-389"></a>For compatibility with other PostScript drivers, it is possible to turn + <p><a name="index-DVI-magnification-388"></a><a name="index-magnification_002c-DVI-389"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cmagnification-390"></a>For compatibility with other PostScript drivers, it is possible to turn off the default scaling of included figures by the DVI magnification with the following TeX command: - <p><a name="index-g_t_002fmagscale-390"></a> + <p><a name="index-g_t_002fmagscale-391"></a> <pre class="example"> \special{! /magscale false def} </pre> <p class="noindent">Use of this command is not recommended because it will make the @@ -2072,7 +2076,7 @@ being used, and it will cause any PostScript graphics to appear improperly scaled and out of position if a DVI to DVI program is used to scale or otherwise modify the document. - <p><a name="index-bop_002dhook-391"></a>DVI magnification is not applied to any output from code you write in + <p><a name="index-bop_002dhook-392"></a>DVI magnification is not applied to any output from code you write in ‘<samp><span class="samp">bop-hook</span></samp>’ or its ilk (see <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a>), <div class="node"> @@ -2085,7 +2089,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a> <h5 class="subsubsection">5.1.3.2 EPSF clipping</h5> -<p><a name="index-clipping-of-EPSF-392"></a><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-inaccurate-393"></a><a name="index-text-in-figures_002c-chopped-off-394"></a><a name="index-lines-in-figures_002c-wrong-width-395"></a> +<p><a name="index-clipping-of-EPSF-393"></a><a name="index-bounding-box_002c-inaccurate-394"></a><a name="index-text-in-figures_002c-chopped-off-395"></a><a name="index-lines-in-figures_002c-wrong-width-396"></a> By default, clipping is disabled for included EPSF images. This is because clipping to the bounding box dimensions often cuts off a small portion of the figure, due to slightly inaccurate bounding @@ -2111,7 +2115,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#PostScript-figures">PostScript figures <h4 class="subsection">5.1.4 ‘<samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp>’ special</h4> -<p><a name="index-psfile-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-396"></a> +<p><a name="index-psfile-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-397"></a> The basic special for file inclusion is as follows: <pre class="example"> \special{psfile=<var>filename</var>.ps <span class="roman">[</span><var>key</var>=<var>value</var><span class="roman">]</span> ... } @@ -2124,26 +2128,26 @@ specify transformations on the PostScript. <p>The possible <var>key</var>s are: <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">hoffset</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-hoffset-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-397"></a>The horizontal offset (default 0). +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">hoffset</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-hoffset-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-398"></a>The horizontal offset (default 0). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">voffset</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-voffset-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-398"></a>The vertical offset (default 0). + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">voffset</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-voffset-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-399"></a>The vertical offset (default 0). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">hsize</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-hsize-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-399"></a>The horizontal clipping size (default 612). + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">hsize</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-hsize-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-400"></a>The horizontal clipping size (default 612). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">vsize</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-vsize-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-400"></a>The vertical clipping size (default 792). + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">vsize</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-vsize-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-401"></a>The vertical clipping size (default 792). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">hscale</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-hscale-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-401"></a>The horizontal scaling factor, as a percentage (default 100). + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">hscale</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-hscale-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-402"></a>The horizontal scaling factor, as a percentage (default 100). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">vscale</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-vscale-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-402"></a>The vertical scaling factor, as a percentage (default 100). + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">vscale</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-vscale-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-403"></a>The vertical scaling factor, as a percentage (default 100). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">angle</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-angle-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-403"></a>The rotation, in degrees (default 0). + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">angle</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-angle-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-404"></a>The rotation, in degrees (default 0). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">clip</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-clip-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-404"></a>Enable clipping to the bounding box (default disabled). + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">clip</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-clip-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-405"></a>Enable clipping to the bounding box (default disabled). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">llx, lly, urx, ury</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-llx-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-405"></a><a name="index-lly-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-406"></a><a name="index-urx-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-407"></a><a name="index-ury-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-408"></a>Bounding box of the included image, just as in a <code>%%BoundingBox</code> + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">llx, lly, urx, ury</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-llx-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-406"></a><a name="index-lly-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-407"></a><a name="index-urx-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-408"></a><a name="index-ury-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-409"></a>Bounding box of the included image, just as in a <code>%%BoundingBox</code> comment. Values are in big points, and may be fractional. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">rhi, rwi</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-rhi-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-409"></a><a name="index-rwi-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-410"></a>Desired width and height of the resulting figure in the output, in + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">rhi, rwi</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-rhi-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-410"></a><a name="index-rwi-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-411"></a>Desired width and height of the resulting figure in the output, in tenths of big points (720 to the inch); may be fractional. <p>If both <code>rwi</code> and <code>rhi</code> are nonzero, the picture is scaled, @@ -2166,8 +2170,8 @@ operations is to rotate the figure, scale it, then offset it. <p>For compatibility with older PostScript drivers, it is possible to change the units that ‘<samp><span class="samp">hscale</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">vscale</span></samp>’ are given in. This can be done by redefining ‘<samp><span class="samp">@scaleunit</span></samp>’ -<a name="index-scaleunit-411"></a>in ‘<samp><span class="samp">SDict</span></samp>’ -<a name="index-SDict-412"></a>by a TeX command such as +<a name="index-scaleunit-412"></a>in ‘<samp><span class="samp">SDict</span></samp>’ +<a name="index-SDict-413"></a>by a TeX command such as <pre class="example"> \special{! /@scaleunit 1 def} </pre> @@ -2186,7 +2190,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#PostScript-figures">PostScript figures <h4 class="subsection">5.1.5 Dynamic creation of PostScript graphics files</h4> -<p><a name="index-dynamic-creation-of-graphics-413"></a><a name="index-compressed-PostScript-414"></a><a name="index-uncompressing-PostScript-415"></a> +<p><a name="index-dynamic-creation-of-graphics-414"></a><a name="index-compressed-PostScript-415"></a><a name="index-uncompressing-PostScript-416"></a> PostScript is an excellent page description language—but it does tend to be rather verbose. Compressing PostScript graphics files can reduce them by factor of five or more. For this reason, if the name of an @@ -2206,7 +2210,7 @@ file to standard output. For example: <pre class="example"> \special{psfile="`gnuplot foo"} </pre> - <p class="noindent"><a name="index-gnuplot-416"></a>to include the file <samp><span class="file">foo</span></samp>. Of course, the command to be executed + <p class="noindent"><a name="index-gnuplot-417"></a>to include the file <samp><span class="file">foo</span></samp>. Of course, the command to be executed can be anything, including using a file conversion utility such as <samp><span class="file">tek2ps</span></samp> or whatever is appropriate. This feature can be disabled with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ command-line option or ‘<samp><span class="samp">R</span></samp>’ configuration option. @@ -2221,7 +2225,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#PostScript-figures">PostScript figures <h4 class="subsection">5.1.6 Fonts in figures</h4> -<p><a name="index-figures-and-fonts-417"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-in-PostScript-figures-418"></a><a name="index-g_t_0025_002aFont-419"></a> +<p><a name="index-figures-and-fonts-418"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-in-PostScript-figures-419"></a><a name="index-g_t_0025_002aFont-420"></a> You can use any font available to TeX and Dvips within a graphics file by putting a <code>%*Font:</code> line in the leading commentary of the file. Schematically, this looks like: @@ -2270,14 +2274,14 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Interaction-with-PostScript">Interacti <h3 class="section">5.2 PostScript header files</h3> -<p><a name="index-header-files_002c-defined-420"></a><a name="index-PostScript-header-files-421"></a> +<p><a name="index-header-files_002c-defined-421"></a><a name="index-PostScript-header-files-422"></a> <dfn>Header files</dfn> are bits of PostScript included in the output file; generally they provide support for special features, rather than producing any printed output themselves. You can explicitly request downloading header files if necessary for some figure, or to achieve some special effect. - <p><a name="index-psheaderdir-422"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epro-_0040r_007bprologue-files_007d-423"></a><a name="index-g_t_002elpro-_0040r_007blong-prologue-files_007d-424"></a>Dvips includes some headers on its own initiative, to implement features + <p><a name="index-psheaderdir-423"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epro-_0040r_007bprologue-files_007d-424"></a><a name="index-g_t_002elpro-_0040r_007blong-prologue-files_007d-425"></a>Dvips includes some headers on its own initiative, to implement features such as PostScript font reencoding, bitmap font downloading, handling of <code>\special</code>'s, and so on. These standard headers are the <samp><span class="file">.pro</span></samp> files (for “prologue”) in the installation directory @@ -2287,7 +2291,7 @@ comments, squeezing blank lines, etc., for maximum efficiency. If you want to peruse one of the standard header files, read the <samp><span class="file">.lpro</span></samp> version. - <p><a name="index-userdict_0040r_007b_002c-and-dictionary-files_007d-425"></a><a name="index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007buserdict_007d-426"></a>The PostScript dictionary stack will be at the ‘<samp><span class="samp">userdict</span></samp>’ level + <p><a name="index-userdict_0040r_007b_002c-and-dictionary-files_007d-426"></a><a name="index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007buserdict_007d-427"></a>The PostScript dictionary stack will be at the ‘<samp><span class="samp">userdict</span></samp>’ level when header files are included. <ul class="menu"> @@ -2306,15 +2310,15 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Header-files">Header files</a> <h4 class="subsection">5.2.1 Including headers from TeX</h4> -<p><a name="index-including-headers-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-427"></a><a name="index-header_003d_0040var_007bfile_007d-_005cspecial-428"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-including-headers-in-429"></a> -<a name="index-headers_002c-including-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-430"></a>In order to get a particular graphic file to work, a certain font or +<p><a name="index-including-headers-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-428"></a><a name="index-header_003d_0040var_007bfile_007d-_005cspecial-429"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-including-headers-in-430"></a> +<a name="index-headers_002c-including-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-431"></a>In order to get a particular graphic file to work, a certain font or header file might need to be sent first. The Dvips program provides support for this with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">header</span></samp>’ <code>\special</code>. For instance, to ensure that <samp><span class="file">foo.ps</span></samp> gets downloaded: <pre class="example"> \special{header=foo.ps} </pre> - <p><a name="index-fonts_002c-as-header-files-431"></a>As another example, if you have some PostScript code that uses a + <p><a name="index-fonts_002c-as-header-files-432"></a>As another example, if you have some PostScript code that uses a PostScript font not built into your printer, you must download it to the printer. If the font isn't used elsewhere in the document, Dvips can't know you've used it, so you must include it in the same way, as in: @@ -2329,7 +2333,7 @@ the file itself, as follows: <pre class="example"> \special{header={foo.ps} pre={pre code} post={post code}} </pre> - <p><a name="index-before-header_002c-inserting-code-432"></a><a name="index-after-header_002c-inserting-code-433"></a><a name="index-pre-_0040r_007bcode-before-headers_007d-434"></a><a name="index-post-_0040r_007bcode-after-headers_007d-435"></a>This will insert <code>pre code</code> just before <samp><span class="file">foo.ps</span></samp> and + <p><a name="index-before-header_002c-inserting-code-433"></a><a name="index-after-header_002c-inserting-code-434"></a><a name="index-pre-_0040r_007bcode-before-headers_007d-435"></a><a name="index-post-_0040r_007bcode-after-headers_007d-436"></a>This will insert <code>pre code</code> just before <samp><span class="file">foo.ps</span></samp> and <code>post code</code> just after. It is required to use the (balanced) braces in <em>all</em> of the arguments, including the <code>header</code>, when using this extended syntax. @@ -2359,14 +2363,14 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Header-files">Header files</a> <h4 class="subsection">5.2.2 Including headers from the command line</h4> -<p><a name="index-including-headers-from-the-command-line-436"></a><a name="index-command-line_002c-including-headers-from-437"></a><a name="index-headers_002c-including-from-the-command-line-438"></a> +<p><a name="index-including-headers-from-the-command-line-437"></a><a name="index-command-line_002c-including-headers-from-438"></a><a name="index-headers_002c-including-from-the-command-line-439"></a> You can include headers when you run Dvips, as well as from your document (see the previous section). To do this, run Dvips with the option ‘<samp><span class="samp">-P </span><var>header</var></samp>’; this will read the file <samp><span class="file">config.</span><var>header</var></samp>, which in turn can specify a header file to be downloaded with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">h</span></samp>’ option. See <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a>. These files are called <samp><var>header</var><span class="file">.cfg</span></samp> on MS-DOS. - <p><a name="index-duplex-printers-439"></a><a name="index-simplex-mode-on-duplex-printers-440"></a><a name="index-screen-frequencies_002c-setting-441"></a>You can arrange for the same file to serve as a ‘<samp><span class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ config file + <p><a name="index-duplex-printers-440"></a><a name="index-simplex-mode-on-duplex-printers-441"></a><a name="index-screen-frequencies_002c-setting-442"></a>You can arrange for the same file to serve as a ‘<samp><span class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ config file and the downloadable header file, by starting the lines of PostScript code with a space, leaving only the ‘<samp><span class="samp">h</span></samp>’ line and any comments starting in the first column. As an example, see @@ -2385,13 +2389,13 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Header-files">Header files</a> <h4 class="subsection">5.2.3 Headers and memory usage</h4> -<p><a name="index-headers-and-memory-usage-442"></a><a name="index-memory-usage_002c-and-headers-443"></a> -<a name="index-sections-of-output-file_002c-and-memory-444"></a><a name="index-output-file_002c-sectioning-of-445"></a>Dvips tries to avoid overflowing the printer's memory by splitting the +<p><a name="index-headers-and-memory-usage-443"></a><a name="index-memory-usage_002c-and-headers-444"></a> +<a name="index-sections-of-output-file_002c-and-memory-445"></a><a name="index-output-file_002c-sectioning-of-446"></a>Dvips tries to avoid overflowing the printer's memory by splitting the output files into “sections” (see the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ option in <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>). Therefore, for all header files, Dvips debits the printer VM budget by some value. If the header file has, in its leading commentary a line of the form - <p><a name="index-VMusage-446"></a><a name="index-g_t_0025_0025VMusage-447"></a> + <p><a name="index-VMusage-447"></a><a name="index-g_t_0025_0025VMusage-448"></a> <pre class="example"> %%VMusage: <var>min</var> <var>max</var> </pre> <p class="noindent">then <var>max</var> is used. If there is no <code>%%VMusage</code> line, then @@ -2410,7 +2414,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Interaction-with-PostScript">Interacti <h3 class="section">5.3 Literal PostScript</h3> -<p><a name="index-literal-PostScript_002c-using-448"></a><a name="index-PostScript-code_002c-literal-449"></a> +<p><a name="index-literal-PostScript_002c-using-449"></a><a name="index-PostScript-code_002c-literal-450"></a> You can include literal PostScript code in your document in several ways. <ul class="menu"> @@ -2432,7 +2436,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Literal-PS">Literal PS</a> <h4 class="subsection">5.3.1 <code>"</code> special: Literal PostScript</h4> -<p><a name="index-g_t_0022-_0040r_007bspecial-_0028literal-PostScript_0029_007d-450"></a> +<p><a name="index-g_t_0022-_0040r_007bspecial-_0028literal-PostScript_0029_007d-451"></a> For simple graphics, or just for experimentation, literal PostScript code can be included. Simply use a <code>\special</code> beginning with a double quote character ‘<samp><span class="samp">"</span></samp>’; there is no matching closing ‘<samp><span class="samp">"</span></samp>’. @@ -2459,8 +2463,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Literal-PS">Literal PS</a> <h4 class="subsection">5.3.2 ‘<samp><span class="samp">ps</span></samp>’ special</h4> -<p><a name="index-ps-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-451"></a> -<a name="index-save_002frestore_002c-and-specials-452"></a>Generally, Dvips encloses specials in a PostScript save/restore pair, +<p><a name="index-ps-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-452"></a> +<a name="index-save_002frestore_002c-and-specials-453"></a>Generally, Dvips encloses specials in a PostScript save/restore pair, guaranteeing that the special will have no effect on the rest of the document. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">ps</span></samp>’ special, however, allows you to insert literal PostScript instructions without this protective shield; you should @@ -2484,11 +2488,11 @@ can be used to continue PostScript literals started with ‘<samp><span clas <em>not</em> broken into lines. This feature may be used to include PostScript comments, for example. - <p><a name="index-plotfile_0040r_007b_002c-_0040samp_007bps_007d-subspecial_007d-453"></a>In addition, the variant + <p><a name="index-plotfile_0040r_007b_002c-_0040samp_007bps_007d-subspecial_007d-454"></a>In addition, the variant <pre class="example"> \special{ps: plotfile <var>filename</var>} </pre> - <p class="noindent"><a name="index-rotate_002etex-454"></a>inserts the contents of <var>filename</var> verbatim into the output (except + <p class="noindent"><a name="index-rotate_002etex-455"></a>inserts the contents of <var>filename</var> verbatim into the output (except for omitting lines that begin with %). An example of the proper use of literal specials can be found in the file <samp><span class="file">rotate.tex</span></samp>, which makes it easy to typeset text turned in multiples of 90 degrees. @@ -2504,8 +2508,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Literal-PS">Literal PS</a> <h4 class="subsection">5.3.3 Literal headers: ‘<samp><span class="samp">!</span></samp>’ <code>\special</code></h4> -<p><a name="index-literal-headers-455"></a><a name="index-SDict-_0040r_007bdictionary_007d-456"></a> -<a name="index-g_t_0021-_0040r_007bspecial-_0028literal-PS-header_0029_007d-457"></a><a name="index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007bSDict_007d-458"></a>You can download literal PostScript header code in your TeX document, +<p><a name="index-literal-headers-456"></a><a name="index-SDict-_0040r_007bdictionary_007d-457"></a> +<a name="index-g_t_0021-_0040r_007bspecial-_0028literal-PS-header_0029_007d-458"></a><a name="index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007bSDict_007d-459"></a>You can download literal PostScript header code in your TeX document, for use with (for example) literal graphics code that you include later. The text of a <code>\special</code> beginning with an ‘<samp><span class="samp">!</span></samp>’ is copied into the output file. A dictionary <code>SDict</code> will be current when this @@ -2529,18 +2533,18 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Literal-PS">Literal PS</a> <h4 class="subsection">5.3.4 PostScript hooks</h4> -<p><a name="index-PostScript-hooks-459"></a> +<p><a name="index-PostScript-hooks-460"></a> Besides including literal PostScript at a particular place in your document (as described in the previous section), you can also arrange to execute arbitrary PostScript code at particular times while the PostScript is printing. - <p><a name="index-bop_002dhook-460"></a><a name="index-eop_002dhook-461"></a><a name="index-start_002dhook-462"></a><a name="index-end_002dhook-463"></a>If any of the PostScript names <code>bop-hook</code>, <code>eop-hook</code>, + <p><a name="index-bop_002dhook-461"></a><a name="index-eop_002dhook-462"></a><a name="index-start_002dhook-463"></a><a name="index-end_002dhook-464"></a>If any of the PostScript names <code>bop-hook</code>, <code>eop-hook</code>, <code>start-hook</code>, or <code>end-hook</code> are defined in <code>userdict</code>, they will be executed at the beginning of a page, end of a page, start of the document, and end of a document, respectively. - <p><a name="index-draft-copies-464"></a><a name="index-dated-output-465"></a>When these macros are executed, the default PostScript coordinate system + <p><a name="index-draft-copies-465"></a><a name="index-dated-output-466"></a>When these macros are executed, the default PostScript coordinate system and origin is in effect. Such macros can be defined in headers added by the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-h</span></samp>’ option or the ‘<samp><span class="samp">header=</span></samp>’ special, and might be useful for writing, for instance, `DRAFT' across the entire page, or, with the @@ -2550,7 +2554,7 @@ possible for them to accumulate information, but if a document must be divided into sections because of memory constraints, such added information will be lost across section breaks. - <p><a name="index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040code_007bbop_002dhook_007d-466"></a>The single argument to <code>bop-hook</code> is the physical page number; the + <p><a name="index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040code_007bbop_002dhook_007d-467"></a>The single argument to <code>bop-hook</code> is the physical page number; the first page gets zero, the second one, etc. <code>bop-hook</code> must leave this number on the stack. None of the other hooks are passed arguments. @@ -2561,7 +2565,7 @@ a light grey `DRAFT' across each page in the document: 65 rotate /Times-Roman findfont 216 scalefont setfont 0 0 moveto 0.7 setgray (DRAFT) show grestore}def end} </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-and-multi_002dpage-information_007d-467"></a>Using <code>bop-hook</code> or <code>eop-hook</code> to preserve information across + <p><a name="index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-and-multi_002dpage-information_007d-468"></a>Using <code>bop-hook</code> or <code>eop-hook</code> to preserve information across pages breaks compliance with the Adobe document structuring conventions, so if you use any such tricks, you may also want to use the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-N</span></samp>’ option to turn off structured comments (such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">%%Page</span></samp>’). @@ -2578,7 +2582,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Literal-PS">Literal PS</a> <h4 class="subsection">5.3.5 Literal examples</h4> -<p><a name="index-literal-PostScript_002c-examples-468"></a><a name="index-examples-of-literal-PostScript-469"></a> +<p><a name="index-literal-PostScript_002c-examples-469"></a><a name="index-examples-of-literal-PostScript-470"></a> To finish off this section, the following examples of literal PostScript are presented without explanation: @@ -2594,7 +2598,7 @@ are presented without explanation: \line{\hss\hskip4pt NEAT\hss}\vss}\special{ps:0 setgray}% \hbox{\raise2pt\line{\hss NEAT\hss}\special{ps:grestore}}\vss} </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_005crotninety-470"></a><a name="index-gsave_0040r_007b_002f_007dgrestore_0040r_007b_002c-and-literal-PS_007d-471"></a><a name="index-save_0040r_007b_002f_007drestore_0040r_007b_002c-and-literal-PS_007d-472"></a>Some caveats are in order, however. Make sure that each <code>gsave</code> is + <p><a name="index-g_t_005crotninety-471"></a><a name="index-gsave_0040r_007b_002f_007dgrestore_0040r_007b_002c-and-literal-PS_007d-472"></a><a name="index-save_0040r_007b_002f_007drestore_0040r_007b_002c-and-literal-PS_007d-473"></a>Some caveats are in order, however. Make sure that each <code>gsave</code> is matched with a <code>grestore</code> on the same page. Do not use <code>save</code> and <code>restore</code>; they can interact with the PostScript generated by Dvips if care is not taken. Try to understand what the above macros are @@ -2611,13 +2615,13 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Interaction-with-PostScript">Interacti <h3 class="section">5.4 HyperTeXt</h3> -<p><a name="index-hypertext-support-473"></a> -<a name="index-g_t_002dz-474"></a><a name="index-html-_0040r_007bspecials_007d-475"></a><a name="index-pdfmark-476"></a>Dvips has support for producing hypertext PostScript documents. If you +<p><a name="index-hypertext-support-474"></a> +<a name="index-g_t_002dz-475"></a><a name="index-html-_0040r_007bspecials_007d-476"></a><a name="index-pdfmark-477"></a>Dvips has support for producing hypertext PostScript documents. If you specify the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-z</span></samp>’ option, the <samp><span class="file">html:</span></samp> specials described below will be converted into ‘<samp><span class="samp">pdfmark</span></samp>’ PostScript operators to specify links. Without ‘<samp><span class="samp">-z</span></samp>’, <samp><span class="file">html:</span></samp> specials are ignored. - <p><a name="index-distiller_002c-for-PDF-files-477"></a><a name="index-PDF-files_002c-making-478"></a>The resulting PostScript can then be processed by a distiller program to + <p><a name="index-distiller_002c-for-PDF-files-478"></a><a name="index-PDF-files_002c-making-479"></a>The resulting PostScript can then be processed by a distiller program to make a PDF file. (It can still be handled by ordinary PostScript interpreters as well.) Various versions of both PC and Unix distillers are supported; Ghostscript includes limited distiller support @@ -2627,7 +2631,7 @@ are supported; Ghostscript includes limited distiller support first place are available from <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/support/hypertex</span></samp>. For CTAN info, see <a href="kpathsea.html#unixtex_002eftp">unixtex.ftp</a>. - <p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bhttp_003a_002f_002fwww_002ewin_002etue_002enl_002f_007edickie_002fidvi_007d-479"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bhttp_003a_002f_002fxxx_002elanl_002egov_002fhypertex_007d-480"></a><a name="index-Doyle_002c-Mark-481"></a><a name="index-Bhattacharya_002c-Tanmoy-482"></a><a name="index-Java-DVI-reader-483"></a><a name="index-idvi-_0040r_007bJava-DVI-reader_007d-484"></a><a name="index-dvihps_0040r_007b_002c-hyperdvi-to-PostScript_007d-485"></a>This hypertext support (and original form of the documentation) was + <p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bhttp_003a_002f_002fwww_002ewin_002etue_002enl_002f_007edickie_002fidvi_007d-480"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bhttp_003a_002f_002fxxx_002elanl_002egov_002fhypertex_007d-481"></a><a name="index-Doyle_002c-Mark-482"></a><a name="index-Bhattacharya_002c-Tanmoy-483"></a><a name="index-Java-DVI-reader-484"></a><a name="index-idvi-_0040r_007bJava-DVI-reader_007d-485"></a><a name="index-dvihps_0040r_007b_002c-hyperdvi-to-PostScript_007d-486"></a>This hypertext support (and original form of the documentation) was written by Mark Doyle and Tanmoy Bhattacharya as the ‘<samp><span class="samp">dvihps</span></samp>’ program. You can retrieve their software and additional documentation via the CTAN reference above. You may also be interested in the Java @@ -2653,8 +2657,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a> <h4 class="subsection">5.4.1 Hypertext caveats</h4> -<p><a name="index-hypertext-caveats-486"></a> -<a name="index-Computer-Modern-in-PostScript-487"></a><a name="index-hypertext-and-bitmap-fonts-488"></a><a name="index-hypertext-caveats-489"></a><a name="index-embedding-Type-1-fonts-490"></a><a name="index-PDF-files_002c-font-quality-491"></a>If you intend to go all the way to PDF, you may want to use the standard +<p><a name="index-hypertext-caveats-487"></a> +<a name="index-Computer-Modern-in-PostScript-488"></a><a name="index-hypertext-and-bitmap-fonts-489"></a><a name="index-hypertext-caveats-490"></a><a name="index-embedding-Type-1-fonts-491"></a><a name="index-PDF-files_002c-font-quality-492"></a>If you intend to go all the way to PDF, you may want to use the standard 35 PostScript fonts exclusively, since other fonts are embedded as bitmaps by default. The Adobe PDF readers are extremely slow when dealing with bitmap fonts and the results look terrible on the screen. @@ -2702,7 +2706,7 @@ recommendations are GNU Ghostscript 6.51 or Aladdin Ghostscript 7.0. You can check the fonts in a PDF file with Acrobat Reader by selecting the menu entries ‘<samp><span class="samp">File|Document Info|Fonts</span></samp>’. - <p><a name="index-psi-character-missing-492"></a><a name="index-trailing-spaces_002c-dropped-493"></a><a name="index-spaces_002c-dropped-trailing-494"></a>Also, the Adobe distillers prior to 2.1 drop trailing space characters + <p><a name="index-psi-character-missing-493"></a><a name="index-trailing-spaces_002c-dropped-494"></a><a name="index-spaces_002c-dropped-trailing-495"></a>Also, the Adobe distillers prior to 2.1 drop trailing space characters (character code 32) from strings. Unfortunately, the PostScript fonts use this character code for characters other than space (notably the Greek letter psi in the <code>Symbol</code> font), and so these characters are @@ -2741,8 +2745,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a> <h4 class="subsection">5.4.2 Hypertext specials</h4> -<p><a name="index-hypertext-specials-495"></a><a name="index-specials_002c-hypertext-496"></a> -<a name="index-Smith_002c-Arthur-497"></a>Current support for the World Wide Web in the TeX system does not +<p><a name="index-hypertext-specials-496"></a><a name="index-specials_002c-hypertext-497"></a> +<a name="index-Smith_002c-Arthur-498"></a>Current support for the World Wide Web in the TeX system does not involve modifying TeX itself. We need only define some specials; Arthur Smith (<a href="mailto:apsmith@aps.org">apsmith@aps.org</a>), Tanmoy Bhattacharya, and Paul Ginsparg originally proposed and implemented the following: @@ -2756,7 +2760,7 @@ Ginsparg originally proposed and implemented the following: are uninterpreted by TeX itself. They are instructions to DVI processors only. - <p><a name="index-uniform-resource-locator-498"></a><a name="index-extended-URL-499"></a><a name="index-URL_002c-extended-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-500"></a><a name="index-Murphy_002c-Tim-501"></a>Here, <var>xurl</var> is a standard WWW uniform resource locator (URL), + <p><a name="index-uniform-resource-locator-499"></a><a name="index-extended-URL-500"></a><a name="index-URL_002c-extended-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-501"></a><a name="index-Murphy_002c-Tim-502"></a>Here, <var>xurl</var> is a standard WWW uniform resource locator (URL), possibly extended with a ‘<samp><span class="samp">#</span><var>type</var><span class="samp">.</span><var>string</var></samp>’ construct, where <var>type</var> is ‘<samp><span class="samp">page</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">section</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">equation</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">reference</span></samp>’ (for bibliographic references), ‘<samp><span class="samp">figure</span></samp>’, @@ -2765,12 +2769,12 @@ where <var>type</var> is ‘<samp><span class="samp">page</span></samp>&rsqu </pre> <p class="noindent">is a link to equation (1.1) in an example document by Tim Murphy. - <p><a name="index-URL_002c-definition-502"></a>See the URL <a href="http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/Addressing/Addressing.html">http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/Addressing/Addressing.html</a> + <p><a name="index-URL_002c-definition-503"></a>See the URL <a href="http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/Addressing/Addressing.html">http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/Addressing/Addressing.html</a> for a precise description of base URL's. <p>Descriptions of the <code>\special</code>'s: <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">href</span></samp>’<a name="index-href-503"></a><dd><a name="index-links_002c-hypertext-504"></a>Creates links in your TeX document. For example: +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">href</span></samp>’<a name="index-href-504"></a><dd><a name="index-links_002c-hypertext-505"></a>Creates links in your TeX document. For example: <pre class="example"> \special{html:<a href="http://www.tug.org/">}\TeX\ Users Group\special{html:</a>} </pre> @@ -2779,7 +2783,7 @@ Group' while running Xdvi and get to the TUG home page. (By the way, this is for illustration. In practice, you most likely want to use macros to insert the <code>\special</code> commands; reference above.) - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">name</span></samp>’<a name="index-name-505"></a><dd><a name="index-Anderson_002c-Laurie-506"></a>Defines URL targets in your TeX documents, so links can be + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">name</span></samp>’<a name="index-name-506"></a><dd><a name="index-Anderson_002c-Laurie-507"></a>Defines URL targets in your TeX documents, so links can be resolved. For example: <pre class="example"> \special{html:<a name="paradise">}Paradise\special{html:</a>} is exactly where you are right now. @@ -2789,11 +2793,11 @@ change the catcode of ‘<samp><span class="samp">#</span></samp>’, et existing macro packages which take care of all the details, such as <samp><span class="file">hyperref</span></samp> for LaTeX. The <a href="http://arxiv.org/hypertex/">HyperTeX FAQ</a> has more information. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">img</span></samp>’<a name="index-img-507"></a><dd><a name="index-mailcap-_0040r_007band-hypertext_007d-508"></a>Links to an arbitrary external file. Interactively, a viewer is spawned + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">img</span></samp>’<a name="index-img-508"></a><dd><a name="index-mailcap-_0040r_007band-hypertext_007d-509"></a>Links to an arbitrary external file. Interactively, a viewer is spawned to read the file according to the file extension and your <samp><span class="file">mailcap</span></samp> file (see the Xdvi documentation). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">base</span></samp>’<a name="index-base-509"></a><dd>Defines a base URL that is prepended to all the <code>name</code> targets. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">base</span></samp>’<a name="index-base-510"></a><dd>Defines a base URL that is prepended to all the <code>name</code> targets. Typically unnecessary, as the name of the DVI file being read is used by default. </dl> @@ -2812,7 +2816,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">6 PostScript fonts</h2> -<p><a name="index-PostScript-fonts-510"></a> +<p><a name="index-PostScript-fonts-511"></a> Dvips supports the use of PostScript fonts in TeX documents. To use a PostScript font conveniently, you need to prepare a corresponding virtual font; the program Afm2tfm, supplied with Dvips, helps @@ -2843,7 +2847,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#PostScript-fonts">PostScript fonts</a> <h3 class="section">6.1 Font concepts</h3> -<p><a name="index-font-concepts-511"></a> +<p><a name="index-font-concepts-512"></a> The information needed to typeset using a particular font is contained in two files: a <dfn>metric file</dfn> that contains shape-independent information and a <dfn>glyph file</dfn> that contains the actual shapes of @@ -2875,7 +2879,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-concepts">Font concepts</a> <h4 class="subsection">6.1.1 Metric files</h4> -<p><a name="index-metric-files-512"></a> +<p><a name="index-metric-files-513"></a> A <dfn>metric file</dfn> describes properties of the font that are independent of what the characters actually look like. Aside from general information about the font itself, a metric file has two kinds @@ -2885,7 +2889,7 @@ character code, and information about sequences of characters. <p>The per-character information specifies the width, height, depth, and italic correction of each character in the font. Any might be zero. - <p><a name="index-kerning_002c-defined-513"></a><a name="index-ligature_002c-defined-514"></a>In addition to information on individual characters, the metric file + <p><a name="index-kerning_002c-defined-514"></a><a name="index-ligature_002c-defined-515"></a>In addition to information on individual characters, the metric file specifies <dfn>kerning</dfn>, i.e., adding or removing space between particular character pairs. It further specifies <dfn>ligature</dfn> information: when a sequence of input characters should be typeset as a @@ -2897,12 +2901,12 @@ the only common ligatures are fi, fl, ff, ffi, and ffl.) <p>Different typesetting systems use different metric file formats: <ul> -<li><a name="index-afm-files-515"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eafm-_0040r_007bAdobe-metric-files_007d-516"></a>Each Postscript font has an <dfn>Adobe font metrics</dfn> (‘<samp><span class="samp">.afm</span></samp>’) +<li><a name="index-afm-files-516"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eafm-_0040r_007bAdobe-metric-files_007d-517"></a>Each Postscript font has an <dfn>Adobe font metrics</dfn> (‘<samp><span class="samp">.afm</span></samp>’) file. These files are plain text, so you can inspect them easily. You can get AFM files for Adobe's fonts from <a href="ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/Fonts/AFMs">ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/Fonts/AFMs</a>. - <li><a name="index-tfm-files-517"></a><a name="index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007b_0040TeX_007b_007d-font-metric-files_007d-518"></a>TeX uses <dfn>TeX font metrics</dfn> (‘<samp><span class="samp">.tfm</span></samp>’) files. When you say + <li><a name="index-tfm-files-518"></a><a name="index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007b_0040TeX_007b_007d-font-metric-files_007d-519"></a>TeX uses <dfn>TeX font metrics</dfn> (‘<samp><span class="samp">.tfm</span></samp>’) files. When you say ‘<samp><span class="samp">\font = </span><var>font</var></samp>’ in your TeX document, TeX reads a file named ‘<samp><var>font</var><span class="samp">.tfm</span></samp>’. (Well, except for the <samp><span class="file">texfonts.map</span></samp> feature; see <a href="kpathsea.html#Fontmap">Fontmap</a>). TeX can then @@ -2910,14 +2914,14 @@ calculate the space occupied by characters from the font when typesetting. In addition, the DVI drivers you use to print or view the DVI file produced by TeX may need to look at the TFM file. - <p><a name="index-property-list-files-519"></a><a name="index-tftopl-520"></a><a name="index-pltotf-521"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epl-_0040r_007bproperty-list-files_007d-522"></a>TFM files are binary (and hence are typically much smaller than AFM + <p><a name="index-property-list-files-520"></a><a name="index-tftopl-521"></a><a name="index-pltotf-522"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epl-_0040r_007bproperty-list-files_007d-523"></a>TFM files are binary (and hence are typically much smaller than AFM files). You can use the <code>tftopl</code> program (see <a href="web2c.html#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a>) that comes with TeX to transform a TFM file into a human-readable “property list” (‘<samp><span class="samp">.pl</span></samp>’) file. You can also edit a PL file and transform it back to a TeX-readable TFM with the companion program <code>pltotf</code> (see <a href="web2c.html#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a>). Editing metrics by hand is not something you're likely to want to do often, but the capability is there. - <li><a name="index-pfm-files-523"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epfm-_0040r_007bprinter-font-metric-files_007d-524"></a>ATM and other typesetting systems use <dfn>printer font metric</dfn> + <li><a name="index-pfm-files-524"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epfm-_0040r_007bprinter-font-metric-files_007d-525"></a>ATM and other typesetting systems use <dfn>printer font metric</dfn> (‘<samp><span class="samp">.pfm</span></samp>’) files. These are binary files. They are irrelevant in the TeX world, and not freely available, so we will not discuss them further. @@ -2939,7 +2943,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-concepts">Font concepts</a> <h4 class="subsection">6.1.2 Glyph files</h4> -<p><a name="index-glyph-files-525"></a> +<p><a name="index-glyph-files-526"></a> Although a metric file (see the previous section) contains information about the spatial and other properties of the character at position 75, say, it contains nothing about what the character at position 75 @@ -2951,7 +2955,7 @@ know character shapes. <p>A <dfn>glyph file</dfn> is a file that defines the shapes of the characters in a font. The shapes can be defined either by outlines or by bitmaps. - <p><a name="index-outline-fonts-526"></a><a name="index-arcs-527"></a><a name="index-splines-528"></a>PostScript fonts are defined as <dfn>outline fonts</dfn>: Each character in + <p><a name="index-outline-fonts-527"></a><a name="index-arcs-528"></a><a name="index-splines-529"></a>PostScript fonts are defined as <dfn>outline fonts</dfn>: Each character in the font is defined by giving the mathematical curves (lines, arcs, and splines) that define its contours. Different sizes of a character are generated by linearly scaling a single shape. For example, a 10-point @@ -2959,25 +2963,25 @@ generated by linearly scaling a single shape. For example, a 10-point usually also contain <dfn>hints</dfn>—additional information to improve the appearance of the font at small sizes or low resolutions. - <p><a name="index-Type-1-fonts-529"></a><a name="index-pfa-files-530"></a><a name="index-pfb-files-531"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epfa-_0040r_007bprinter-font-ascii-files_007d-532"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epfb-_0040r_007bprinter-font-binary-files_007d-533"></a>Although various kinds of PostScript outline fonts exist, by far the + <p><a name="index-Type-1-fonts-530"></a><a name="index-pfa-files-531"></a><a name="index-pfb-files-532"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epfa-_0040r_007bprinter-font-ascii-files_007d-533"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epfb-_0040r_007bprinter-font-binary-files_007d-534"></a>Although various kinds of PostScript outline fonts exist, by far the most common, and the only one we will consider, is called <dfn>Type 1</dfn>. The glyph files for Postscript Type 1 fonts typically have names ending in ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pfa</span></samp>’ (“printer font ASCII”) or ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pfb</span></samp>’ (“printer font binary”). - <p><a name="index-bitmap-fonts-534"></a><a name="index-g_t_002emf-_0040r_007bMetafont-source-files_007d-535"></a><a name="index-Metafont-source-files-536"></a>In contrast, glyph files for Computer Modern and the other standard + <p><a name="index-bitmap-fonts-535"></a><a name="index-g_t_002emf-_0040r_007bMetafont-source-files_007d-536"></a><a name="index-Metafont-source-files-537"></a>In contrast, glyph files for Computer Modern and the other standard TeX fonts are <dfn>bitmap fonts</dfn>, generated from Metafont (‘<samp><span class="samp">.mf</span></samp>’) descriptions. The Metafont program distributed with TeX generates bitmaps from these descriptions. - <p><a name="index-pk-files-537"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dpk-_0040r_007bpacked-font-bitmaps_007d-538"></a>The glyph files for TeX bitmap fonts are usually stored in + <p><a name="index-pk-files-538"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dpk-_0040r_007bpacked-font-bitmaps_007d-539"></a>The glyph files for TeX bitmap fonts are usually stored in <dfn>packed font</dfn> (PK) files. The names of these files end in ‘<samp><span class="samp">.</span><var>nnn</var><span class="samp">pk</span></samp>’, where <var>nnn</var> is the resolution of the font in dots per inch. For example, <samp><span class="file">cmr10.600pk</span></samp> contains the bitmaps for the ‘<samp><span class="samp">cmr10</span></samp>’ font at a resolution of 600<span class="dmn">dpi</span>. (On DOS filesystems, it's more likely <samp><span class="file">dpi600\cmr10.pk</span></samp>.) - <p><a name="index-gf-files-539"></a><a name="index-gftopk-540"></a>Metafont actually outputs <dfn>generic font</dfn> (GF) files, e.g., + <p><a name="index-gf-files-540"></a><a name="index-gftopk-541"></a>Metafont actually outputs <dfn>generic font</dfn> (GF) files, e.g., <samp><span class="file">cmr10.600gf</span></samp>, but the GF files are usually converted immediately to PK format (using the <code>gftopk</code> utility that comes with TeX) since PK files are smaller and contain the same information. (The GF @@ -2994,7 +2998,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-concepts">Font concepts</a> <h4 class="subsection">6.1.3 Virtual fonts</h4> -<p><a name="index-virtual-fonts-541"></a> +<p><a name="index-virtual-fonts-542"></a> A <dfn>virtual font</dfn> is constructed by extracting characters from one or more existing fonts and rearranging them, or synthesizing new characters in various ways. The explanation in this manual is intended to suffice @@ -3006,13 +3010,13 @@ Wizards” (<samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/info/virtual-fonts.knu see <a href="kpathsea.html#unixtex_002eftp">unixtex.ftp</a>). (Don't be intimidated by the subtitle.) - <p><a name="index-vf-files-542"></a><a name="index-vpl-files-543"></a>A virtual font (‘<samp><span class="samp">.vf</span></samp>’) file specifies, for each character in the + <p><a name="index-vf-files-543"></a><a name="index-vpl-files-544"></a>A virtual font (‘<samp><span class="samp">.vf</span></samp>’) file specifies, for each character in the virtual font, a recipe for typesetting that character. A VF file, like a TFM file, is in a compressed binary format. The <code>vftovp</code> and <code>vptovf</code> programs convert a VF file to a human-readable VPL (virtual property list) format and back again. See <a href="web2c.html#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a>, and <a href="web2c.html#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a>. - <p><a name="index-base-fonts-544"></a>In the case of a PostScript font <var>f</var> being used in a straightforward + <p><a name="index-base-fonts-545"></a>In the case of a PostScript font <var>f</var> being used in a straightforward way, the recipe says: character <var>i</var> in the VF font is character <var>j</var> in font <var>f</var>. The font <var>f</var> is called a <dfn>base font</dfn>. For example, the VF file could remap the characters of the PostScript @@ -3023,7 +3027,7 @@ See <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a>. corresponding TFM for use with TeX. This corresponding TFM is created when you run <code>vptovf</code>. - <p><a name="index-expansion_002c-of-virtual-fonts-545"></a><a name="index-virtual-font-expansion-546"></a>You can <dfn>expand</dfn> virtual fonts into their base fonts with DVIcopy + <p><a name="index-expansion_002c-of-virtual-fonts-546"></a><a name="index-virtual-font-expansion-547"></a>You can <dfn>expand</dfn> virtual fonts into their base fonts with DVIcopy (see <a href="web2c.html#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a>). This is useful if you are using a DVI translator that doesn't understand vf's itself. @@ -3038,7 +3042,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-concepts">Font concepts</a> <h4 class="subsection">6.1.4 Encodings</h4> -<p><a name="index-encodings-547"></a> +<p><a name="index-encodings-548"></a> Every font, whatever its type, has an <dfn>encoding</dfn>, that specifies the correspondence between “logical” characters and character codes. For example, the ASCII encoding specifies that the character numbered 65 @@ -3048,7 +3052,7 @@ character at that position looks like; there are lots of ways to draw an specify how much space that character occupies; that information is in a metric file (see <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a>). - <p><a name="index-Computer-Modern_002c-encoding-of-548"></a>TeX implicitly assumes a particular encoding for the fonts you use + <p><a name="index-Computer-Modern_002c-encoding-of-549"></a>TeX implicitly assumes a particular encoding for the fonts you use with it. For example, the plain TeX macro <code>\'</code>, which typesets an acute accent over the following letter, assumes the acute accent is at position 19 (decimal). This happens to be true of standard TeX @@ -3060,7 +3064,7 @@ particular character positions. A better solution is to create a new font with the information for the acute accent at position 19, where TeX expects it to be. See <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a>. - <p><a name="index-PostScript-encoding-549"></a><a name="index-encoding-files-550"></a><a name="index-encoding-vectors_002c-defined-551"></a> + <p><a name="index-PostScript-encoding-550"></a><a name="index-encoding-files-551"></a><a name="index-encoding-vectors_002c-defined-552"></a> PostScript represents encodings as a sequence of 256 character names called an <dfn>encoding vector</dfn>. An <dfn>encoding file</dfn> (‘<samp><span class="samp">.enc</span></samp>’) gives such a vector, together with ligature and kerning information @@ -3069,7 +3073,7 @@ are used by the Afm2tfm program. Encoding files are also downloaded to the PostScript interpreter in your printer if you use one of them in place of the default encoding vector for a particular PostScript font. - <p><a name="index-dvips_002eenc-552"></a><a name="index-g_t8r_002eenc-553"></a><a name="index-texmext_002eenc-554"></a><a name="index-texmital_002eenc-555"></a><a name="index-texmsym_002eenc-556"></a><a name="index-reencode_002f_002a_002eenc-557"></a>Examples of encodings: the <samp><span class="file">dvips.enc</span></samp> encoding file that comes + <p><a name="index-dvips_002eenc-553"></a><a name="index-g_t8r_002eenc-554"></a><a name="index-texmext_002eenc-555"></a><a name="index-texmital_002eenc-556"></a><a name="index-texmsym_002eenc-557"></a><a name="index-reencode_002f_002a_002eenc-558"></a>Examples of encodings: the <samp><span class="file">dvips.enc</span></samp> encoding file that comes with the Fontname distribution (<a href="http://tug.org/fontname">http://tug.org/fontname</a>) is a good (but not perfect) approximation to the TeX encoding for TeX's Computer Modern text fonts. This is the encoding of the @@ -3090,7 +3094,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-concepts">Font concepts</a> <h4 class="subsection">6.1.5 How PostScript typesets a character</h4> -<p><a name="index-typesetting-in-PostScript-558"></a><a name="index-character-lookup-procedure-in-PostScript-559"></a> +<p><a name="index-typesetting-in-PostScript-559"></a><a name="index-character-lookup-procedure-in-PostScript-560"></a> The output of Dvips is a program in the PostScript language that instructs your (presumably PostScript-capable) printer how to typeset your document by transforming it into toner on paper. Your printer, in @@ -3109,7 +3113,7 @@ what character to typeset, with this mass of metrics, glyphs, encodings, and other information. (If you're not wondering, skip this section <small class="dots">...</small>) - <p><a name="index-show-_0040r_007bPostScript-operator_007d-560"></a>The basic PostScript operator for imaging characters is + <p><a name="index-show-_0040r_007bPostScript-operator_007d-561"></a>The basic PostScript operator for imaging characters is <code>show</code>. Suppose you've asked TeX to typeset an `S'. This will eventually wind up in the Dvips output as the equivalent of this PostScript operation: @@ -3119,11 +3123,11 @@ PostScript operation: <p class="noindent">Here is how PostScript typesets the `S': <ol type=1 start=1> -<li><a name="index-ASCII-character-codes_002c-used-by-PostScript-561"></a>PostScript interpreters use ASCII; therefore `S' is represented as the +<li><a name="index-ASCII-character-codes_002c-used-by-PostScript-562"></a>PostScript interpreters use ASCII; therefore `S' is represented as the integer 83. (Any of the 256 possible characters representable in a standard 8-bit byte can be typeset.) - <li><a name="index-current-font_002c-in-PostScript-562"></a><a name="index-dictionary_002c-PostScript-language-563"></a>A PostScript <dfn>dictionary</dfn> is a mapping of names to arbitrary values. + <li><a name="index-current-font_002c-in-PostScript-563"></a><a name="index-dictionary_002c-PostScript-language-564"></a>A PostScript <dfn>dictionary</dfn> is a mapping of names to arbitrary values. A font, to the interpreter, is a dictionary which contains entries for certain names. (If these entries are missing, the interpreter refuses to do anything with that font.) @@ -3131,18 +3135,18 @@ to do anything with that font.) <p>PostScript has a notion of “the current font”—whatever font is currently being typeset in. - <li><a name="index-encoding-vectors_002c-in-Type-1-fonts-564"></a><a name="index-Encoding-_0040r_007bType-1-dictionary_007d-565"></a>One of the mandatory entries in a font dictionary is ‘<samp><span class="samp">Encoding</span></samp>’, + <li><a name="index-encoding-vectors_002c-in-Type-1-fonts-565"></a><a name="index-Encoding-_0040r_007bType-1-dictionary_007d-566"></a>One of the mandatory entries in a font dictionary is ‘<samp><span class="samp">Encoding</span></samp>’, which defines the encoding vector (see <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a>) for that font. This vector of 256 names maps each possible input character to a name. <li>The interpreter retrieves the entry at position 83 of the encoding vector. This value is a PostScript name: <code>/S</code>. - <li><a name="index-CharStrings-_0040r_007bType-1-dictionary_007d-566"></a><a name="index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007bCharStrings_007d-567"></a>For Type 1 fonts (we're not going to discuss anything else), the + <li><a name="index-CharStrings-_0040r_007bType-1-dictionary_007d-567"></a><a name="index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007bCharStrings_007d-568"></a>For Type 1 fonts (we're not going to discuss anything else), the interpreter now looks up <code>/S</code> as a key in a dictionary named <code>CharStrings</code>, another mandatory entry in a font dictionary. - <li><a name="index-hints-568"></a><a name="index-character-definitions-in-PostScript-569"></a>The value of <code>S</code> in <code>CharStrings</code> is the equivalent of a + <li><a name="index-hints-569"></a><a name="index-character-definitions-in-PostScript-570"></a>The value of <code>S</code> in <code>CharStrings</code> is the equivalent of a series of standard PostScript commands like ‘<samp><span class="samp">curveto</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">lineto</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">fill</span></samp>’, and so on. These commands are executed to draw the character. There can also be <dfn>hint information</dfn> that helps @@ -3167,7 +3171,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#PostScript-fonts">PostScript fonts</a> <h3 class="section">6.2 Making a PostScript font available</h3> -<p><a name="index-installing-fonts-570"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-installing-571"></a> +<p><a name="index-installing-fonts-571"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-installing-572"></a> To make a PostScript font available in a TeX document, you need to install the font on your system and then define it within the document. Once you have installed the font, of course, it is available for any @@ -3209,7 +3213,7 @@ from the VPL file: <p>The simplest invocation of Afm2tfm to make virtual fonts goes something like this: - <p><a name="index-afm2tfm-572"></a> + <p><a name="index-afm2tfm-573"></a> <pre class="example"> afm2tfm Times-Roman -v ptmr rptmr </pre> <p class="noindent">This reads the file <samp><span class="file">Times-Roman.afm</span></samp>, and produces two files as @@ -3217,7 +3221,7 @@ output, namely the virtual property list'file <samp><span class="file">ptmr.vpl< “raw” font metric file <samp><span class="file">rptmr.tfm</span></samp>. To use the font in TeX, you first run - <p><a name="index-vptovf-573"></a> + <p><a name="index-vptovf-574"></a> <pre class="example"> vptovf ptmr.vpl ptmr.vf ptmr.tfm </pre> <p class="noindent">You should then install the virtual font file <samp><span class="file">ptmr.vf</span></samp> where Dvips @@ -3271,7 +3275,7 @@ printer, so there's no need to download any Type 1 file for it. But if you are actually following these instructions for new fonts, most likely they are not built in to the printer. - <p><a name="index-memory_002c-used-by-PostScript-fonts-574"></a><a name="index-efficiency_002c-and-fonts-575"></a>These PostScript fonts can be scaled to any size. Go wild! Using + <p><a name="index-memory_002c-used-by-PostScript-fonts-575"></a><a name="index-efficiency_002c-and-fonts-576"></a>These PostScript fonts can be scaled to any size. Go wild! Using PostScript fonts, however, does use up a great deal of the printer's memory and it does take time. You may find downloading bitmap fonts (possibly compressed, with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Z</span></samp>’ option) to be faster than using @@ -3288,7 +3292,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#PostScript-fonts">PostScript fonts</a> <h3 class="section">6.3 Invoking Afm2tfm</h3> -<p><a name="index-afm2tfm-576"></a> +<p><a name="index-afm2tfm-577"></a> The Afm2tfm program converts an AFM file for a PostScript font to a TFM file and a VPL file for a corresponding virtual font (or, in its simplest form, to a TFM file for the PostScript font itself). The @@ -3296,7 +3300,7 @@ results of the conversion are affected by the command-line options and especially by the reencodings you can specify with those options. You can also obtain special effects such as an oblique font. - <p><a name="index-fontinst-577"></a><a name="index-virtual-fonts_002c-creating-578"></a><a name="index-Jeffrey_002c-Alan-579"></a>An alternative to Afm2tfm for creating virtual fonts is Alan Jeffrey's + <p><a name="index-fontinst-578"></a><a name="index-virtual-fonts_002c-creating-579"></a><a name="index-Jeffrey_002c-Alan-580"></a>An alternative to Afm2tfm for creating virtual fonts is Alan Jeffrey's <code>fontinst</code> program, available from <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">fonts/utilities/fontinst</span></samp> (for CTAN info, see <a href="kpathsea.html#unixtex_002eftp">unixtex.ftp</a>). @@ -3317,7 +3321,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a> <h4 class="subsection">6.3.1 Changing font encodings</h4> -<p><a name="index-encoding-changes-580"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-changing-encoding-of-581"></a> +<p><a name="index-encoding-changes-581"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-changing-encoding-of-582"></a> Afm2tfm allows you to specify a different encoding for a PostScript font (for a general introduction to encodings, see <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a>). The ‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ option changes the TeX encoding, ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ changes the @@ -3342,8 +3346,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Changing-font-encodings">Changing font <h5 class="subsubsection">6.3.1.1 ‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’: Changing TeX encodings</h5> -<p><a name="index-changing-_0040TeX_007b_007d-encodings-582"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d-encoding_002c-changing-583"></a> -<a name="index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007btex_002denc_007d-584"></a>To build a virtual font with Afm2tfm, you specify the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-v</span></samp>’ or +<p><a name="index-changing-_0040TeX_007b_007d-encodings-583"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d-encoding_002c-changing-584"></a> +<a name="index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007btex_002denc_007d-585"></a>To build a virtual font with Afm2tfm, you specify the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-v</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">-V</span></samp>’ option. You can then specify an encoding for that virtual font with ‘<samp><span class="samp">-t </span><var>tex-enc</var></samp>’. (‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ is ignored if neither ‘<samp><span class="samp">-v</span></samp>’ nor ‘<samp><span class="samp">-V</span></samp>’ is present.) Any ligature and kerning @@ -3353,7 +3357,7 @@ addition to the ligature and kerning information from the AFM file. <p>If the AFM file has no entry for a character specified in <var>tex-enc</var>, that character will be omitted from the output VPL. - <p><a name="index-texmsym_002eenc-585"></a>The ‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ option is likely to be needed when you have a PostScript + <p><a name="index-texmsym_002eenc-586"></a>The ‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ option is likely to be needed when you have a PostScript font corresponding to a TeX font other than a normal text font such as Computer Modern. For instance, if you have a PostScript font that contains math symbols, you'd probably want to use the encoding in the @@ -3372,7 +3376,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Changing-font-encodings">Changing font <h5 class="subsubsection">6.3.1.2 ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’: Changing PostScript encodings</h5> -<p><a name="index-changing-PostScript-encodings-586"></a><a name="index-PostScript-encoding_002c-changing-587"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dp-_0040var_007bps_002denc_007d-588"></a> +<p><a name="index-changing-PostScript-encodings-587"></a><a name="index-PostScript-encoding_002c-changing-588"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dp-_0040var_007bps_002denc_007d-589"></a> By default, Afm2tfm uses the encoding it finds in the AFM file. You can specify a different PostScript encoding with ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p </span><var>ps-enc</var></samp>’. This makes the raw TFM file (the one output by Afm2tfm) have the @@ -3385,13 +3389,13 @@ as part of any document that uses this font. You do this by adding a line like the following one to <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp> (see <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a>): <pre class="example"> zpopr Optima "MyEncoding ReEncodeFont" <myenc.enc </pre> - <p><a name="index-trademark-_0040r_007bcharacter_002c-accessing_007d-589"></a><a name="index-registered-_0040r_007bcharacter_002c-accessing_007d-590"></a><a name="index-extra-characters_002c-accessing-591"></a>Using ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ is the only way to access characters in a PostScript + <p><a name="index-trademark-_0040r_007bcharacter_002c-accessing_007d-590"></a><a name="index-registered-_0040r_007bcharacter_002c-accessing_007d-591"></a><a name="index-extra-characters_002c-accessing-592"></a>Using ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ is the only way to access characters in a PostScript font that are neither encoded in the AFM file nor constructed from other characters. For instance, Adobe's ‘<samp><span class="samp">Times-Roman</span></samp>’ font contains the extra characters ‘<samp><span class="samp">trademark</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">registered</span></samp>’ (among others); these can only be accessed through such a PostScript reencoding. - <p><a name="index-g_t8r-_0040r_007bencoding_002c-and-extra-characters_007d-592"></a>The `8r' base encoding used for the current PostScript font + <p><a name="index-g_t8r-_0040r_007bencoding_002c-and-extra-characters_007d-593"></a>The `8r' base encoding used for the current PostScript font distribution does do this reencoding, for precisely this reason. <div class="node"> @@ -3405,7 +3409,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Changing-font-encodings">Changing font <h5 class="subsubsection">6.3.1.3 ‘<samp><span class="samp">-T</span></samp>’: Changing both TeX and PostScript encodings</h5> -<p><a name="index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007benc_002dfile_007d-593"></a> +<p><a name="index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007benc_002dfile_007d-594"></a> The option ‘<samp><span class="samp">-T </span><var>enc-file</var></samp>’ is equivalent to ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p </span><var>enc-file</var><span class="samp"> -t </span><var>enc-file</var></samp>’. If you make regular use of a private non-standard reencoding ‘<samp><span class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ is usually a better idea than the @@ -3425,7 +3429,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Changing-font-encodings">Changing font <h5 class="subsubsection">6.3.1.4 Reencoding with Afm2tfm</h5> -<p><a name="index-reencoding-594"></a><a name="index-remapping-595"></a> +<p><a name="index-reencoding-595"></a><a name="index-remapping-596"></a> The Afm2tfm program creates the TFM and VF files for the virtual font corresponding to a PostScript font by <dfn>reencoding</dfn> the PostScript font. Afm2tfm generates these files from two encodings: one for TeX @@ -3452,7 +3456,7 @@ then yielding the corresponding number.) The combined mapping of 19 to that the properties of PostScript character 194 appear in position 19 of the TFM file for the virtual font. - <p><a name="index-accents_002c-in-wrong-position-596"></a><a name="index-Hungarian-umlaut-597"></a><a name="index-dot-accent-598"></a><a name="index-Scandinavian-A-ring-599"></a><a name="index-A-ring_002c-Scandinavian-letter-600"></a>The default encoding of the distributed fonts (e.g., <samp><span class="file">ptmr.tfm</span></samp>) + <p><a name="index-accents_002c-in-wrong-position-597"></a><a name="index-Hungarian-umlaut-598"></a><a name="index-dot-accent-599"></a><a name="index-Scandinavian-A-ring-600"></a><a name="index-A-ring_002c-Scandinavian-letter-601"></a>The default encoding of the distributed fonts (e.g., <samp><span class="file">ptmr.tfm</span></samp>) mostly follows plain TeX conventions for accents. The exceptions: the Hungarian umlaut (which is at position <code>0x7D</code> in ‘<samp><span class="samp">cmr10</span></samp>’, but position <code>0xCD</code> in ‘<samp><span class="samp">ptmr</span></samp>’); the dot accent (at positions @@ -3464,7 +3468,7 @@ following definitions. These definitions will not work with the Computer Modern fonts for the relevant accents. They are already part of the distributed <samp><span class="file">psfonts.sty</span></samp> for use with LaTeX. - <p><a name="index-g_t_005cH-601"></a><a name="index-g_t_005c_002e-602"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cdot-603"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cAA-604"></a> + <p><a name="index-g_t_005cH-602"></a><a name="index-g_t_005c_002e-603"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cdot-604"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cAA-605"></a> <pre class="example"> \def\H#1{{\accent"CD #1}} \def\.#1{{\accent"C7 #1}} \def\dot{\mathaccent"70C7 } @@ -3473,7 +3477,7 @@ of the distributed <samp><span class="file">psfonts.sty</span></samp> for use wi \advance\aadimen-1ex\setbox0\hbox{A}\rlap{\raise.67\aadimen \hbox to \wd0{\hss\char'27\hss}}A} </pre> - <p><a name="index-CODINGSCHEME-605"></a>As a kind of summary, here are the ‘<samp><span class="samp">CODINGSCHEME</span></samp>’s that result from + <p><a name="index-CODINGSCHEME-606"></a>As a kind of summary, here are the ‘<samp><span class="samp">CODINGSCHEME</span></samp>’s that result from the various possible choices for reencoding. <dl> @@ -3504,7 +3508,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Changing-font-encodings">Changing font <h5 class="subsubsection">6.3.1.5 Encoding file format</h5> -<p><a name="index-encoding-file-format-606"></a> +<p><a name="index-encoding-file-format-607"></a> Afm2tfm's encoding files have the same format as an encoding vector in a PostScript font. Here is a skeletal example: @@ -3519,7 +3523,7 @@ PostScript font. Here is a skeletal example: <p>These encoding files are downloaded as part of changing the encoding at the PostScript level (see the previous section). - <p><a name="index-comments_002c-in-encoding-files-607"></a>Comments, which start with a percent sign and continue until the end + <p><a name="index-comments_002c-in-encoding-files-608"></a>Comments, which start with a percent sign and continue until the end of the line, are ignored unless they start with ‘<samp><span class="samp">LIGKERN</span></samp>’ (see below). <p>The first non-comment word of the file must start with a forward slash @@ -3537,11 +3541,11 @@ kern information is given in groups of words: each group is terminated by a space and a semicolon and (unless the semicolon is at the end of a line) another space. - <p><a name="index-LIGKERN-_0040r_007bencoding-file-command_007d-608"></a>In these <code>LIGKERN</code> statements, three types of information may be + <p><a name="index-LIGKERN-_0040r_007bencoding-file-command_007d-609"></a>In these <code>LIGKERN</code> statements, three types of information may be specified. These three types are ligature pairs, kerns to ignore, and the character value of this font's boundary character. - <p><a name="index-boundary-character-609"></a>Throughout a <code>LIGKERN</code> statement, the boundary character is + <p><a name="index-boundary-character-610"></a>Throughout a <code>LIGKERN</code> statement, the boundary character is specified as ‘<samp><span class="samp">||</span></samp>’. To set the font's boundary character value for TeX: @@ -3555,12 +3559,12 @@ particular location. Either or both of the character names can be given as ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’, which is a wild card matching any character; thus, all kerns can be removed with ‘<samp><span class="samp">* {} * ;</span></samp>’. - <p><a name="index-ligature-operations-610"></a><a name="index-Metafont-ligature-operations-611"></a>To specify a ligature, specify the names of the pair of characters, + <p><a name="index-ligature-operations-611"></a><a name="index-Metafont-ligature-operations-612"></a>To specify a ligature, specify the names of the pair of characters, followed by the ligature operation (as in Metafont), followed by the replacing character name. Either (but not both) of the first two characters can be ‘<samp><span class="samp">||</span></samp>’ to indicate a word boundary. - <p><a name="index-g_t_003d_003a-_0040r_007bligature-operation_007d-612"></a>The most common operation is ‘<samp><span class="samp">=:</span></samp>’ meaning that both characters are + <p><a name="index-g_t_003d_003a-_0040r_007bligature-operation_007d-613"></a>The most common operation is ‘<samp><span class="samp">=:</span></samp>’ meaning that both characters are removed and replaced by the third character, but by adding the ‘<samp><span class="samp">|</span></samp>’ character on either side of the ‘<samp><span class="samp">=:</span></samp>’, you can retain either or both of the two leading characters. In addition, by suffixing the ligature @@ -3599,7 +3603,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a> <h4 class="subsection">6.3.2 Special font effects</h4> -<p><a name="index-oblique-fonts-613"></a><a name="index-slanted-fonts-614"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-slanted-615"></a>Besides the reencodings described in the previous section, Afm2tfm can +<p><a name="index-oblique-fonts-614"></a><a name="index-slanted-fonts-615"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-slanted-616"></a>Besides the reencodings described in the previous section, Afm2tfm can do other manipulations. (Again, it's best to use the prebuilt fonts rather than attempting to remake them.) @@ -3610,26 +3614,26 @@ rather than attempting to remake them.) <p class="noindent">This creates <samp><span class="file">ptmro.vpl</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">rptmro.tfm</span></samp>. To use this font, put the line - <p><a name="index-SlantFont-616"></a> + <p><a name="index-SlantFont-617"></a> <pre class="example"> rptmro Times-Roman ".167 SlantFont" </pre> - <p class="noindent"><a name="index-psfonts_002emap-617"></a>into <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp>. Then ‘<samp><span class="samp">rptmro</span></samp>’ (our name for the obliqued + <p class="noindent"><a name="index-psfonts_002emap-618"></a>into <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp>. Then ‘<samp><span class="samp">rptmro</span></samp>’ (our name for the obliqued Times) will act as if it were a resident font, although it is actually constructed from Times-Roman via the PostScript routine <code>SlantFont</code> (which will slant everything 1/6 to the right, in this case). - <p><a name="index-expanded-fonts-618"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-expanded-619"></a>Similarly, you can get an expanded font with + <p><a name="index-expanded-fonts-619"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-expanded-620"></a>Similarly, you can get an expanded font with <pre class="example"> afm2tfm Times-Roman -e 1.2 -v ptmrre rptmrre </pre> <p class="noindent">and by recording the pseudo-resident font -<a name="index-ExtendFont-620"></a> +<a name="index-ExtendFont-621"></a> <pre class="example"> rptmrre Times-Roman "1.2 ExtendFont" </pre> <p class="noindent">in <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp>. <p>You can also create a small caps font with a command such as -<a name="index-small-caps-fonts-621"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-small-caps-622"></a> +<a name="index-small-caps-fonts-622"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-small-caps-623"></a> <pre class="example"> afm2tfm Times-Roman -V ptmrc rptmrc </pre> <p class="noindent">This will generate a set of pseudo-small caps mapped into the usual @@ -3644,7 +3648,7 @@ independently of the rest of the font. If you want a really professional looking set of small caps, you need to acquire a small caps font. - <p><a name="index-PaintType-623"></a><a name="index-outline-fonts-624"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-outlined-625"></a>To change the <code>PaintType</code> in a font from filled (0) to outlined + <p><a name="index-PaintType-624"></a><a name="index-outline-fonts-625"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-outlined-626"></a>To change the <code>PaintType</code> in a font from filled (0) to outlined (2), you can add <code>"/PaintType 2 store"</code> to <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp>, as in the following: @@ -3668,7 +3672,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a> <h4 class="subsection">6.3.3 Afm2tfm options</h4> -<p><a name="index-options_002c-to-Afm2tfm-626"></a><a name="index-afm2tfm-options-627"></a> +<p><a name="index-options_002c-to-Afm2tfm-627"></a><a name="index-afm2tfm-options-628"></a> Synopsis: <pre class="example"> afm2tfm [<var>option</var>]... <var>afmfile</var>[.afm] [<var>tfmfile</var>[.tfm]] </pre> @@ -3680,7 +3684,7 @@ extended with ‘<samp><span class="samp">.tfm</span></samp>’ to get t <pre class="example"> afm2tfm Times-Roman rptmr </pre> - <p><a name="index-accents_002c-wrong-628"></a>The TFM file thus created is <dfn>raw</dfn> because it omits ligature and + <p><a name="index-accents_002c-wrong-629"></a>The TFM file thus created is <dfn>raw</dfn> because it omits ligature and kern information, and does no character remapping; it simply contains the character information in the AFM file in TFM form, which is the form that TeX understands. The characters have the same code in the TFM @@ -3696,40 +3700,40 @@ See <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a>. <p>The command line options to Afm2tfm: <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-c </span><var>ratio</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dc-_0040var_007bratio_007d-629"></a><a name="index-scaling-small-caps-630"></a>See ‘<samp><span class="samp">-V</span></samp>’; overrides the default ratio of 0.8 for the +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-c </span><var>ratio</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dc-_0040var_007bratio_007d-630"></a><a name="index-scaling-small-caps-631"></a>See ‘<samp><span class="samp">-V</span></samp>’; overrides the default ratio of 0.8 for the scaling of small caps. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-e </span><var>ratio</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002de-_0040var_007bratio_007d-631"></a><a name="index-expanded-fonts-632"></a><a name="index-condensed-fonts-633"></a>Stretch characters horizontally by <var>ratio</var>; if less than 1.0, you + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-e </span><var>ratio</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002de-_0040var_007bratio_007d-632"></a><a name="index-expanded-fonts-633"></a><a name="index-condensed-fonts-634"></a>Stretch characters horizontally by <var>ratio</var>; if less than 1.0, you get a condensed font. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-O</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dO-634"></a><a name="index-octal-character-codes-635"></a>Output all character codes in the ‘<samp><span class="samp">vpl</span></samp>’ file as octal numbers, not + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-O</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dO-635"></a><a name="index-octal-character-codes-636"></a>Output all character codes in the ‘<samp><span class="samp">vpl</span></samp>’ file as octal numbers, not names; this is useful for symbol or other special-purpose fonts where character names such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">A</span></samp>’ have no meaning. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-p </span><var>ps-enc</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dp-_0040var_007bps_002denc_007d-636"></a>Use <var>ps-enc</var> for the destination (PostScript) encoding of the font; + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-p </span><var>ps-enc</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dp-_0040var_007bps_002denc_007d-637"></a>Use <var>ps-enc</var> for the destination (PostScript) encoding of the font; <var>ps-enc</var> must be mentioned as a header file for the font in ‘<samp><span class="samp">psfonts.map</span></samp>’. See <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-s </span><var>slant</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ds-_0040var_007bslant_007d-637"></a><a name="index-slanted-fonts_002c-making-638"></a>Slant characters to the right by <var>slant</var>. If <var>slant</var> is + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-s </span><var>slant</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ds-_0040var_007bslant_007d-638"></a><a name="index-slanted-fonts_002c-making-639"></a>Slant characters to the right by <var>slant</var>. If <var>slant</var> is negative, the letters slope to the left (or they might be upright if you start with an italic font). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-t </span><var>tex-enc</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007btex_002denc_007d-639"></a>Use <var>tex-enc</var> for the target (TeX) encoding of the font. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-t </span><var>tex-enc</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007btex_002denc_007d-640"></a>Use <var>tex-enc</var> for the target (TeX) encoding of the font. Ligature and kern information may also be specified in <var>file</var>. <var>file</var> is not mentioned in <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-T </span><var>ps-tex-enc</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007bps_002dtex_002denc_007d-640"></a>Use <var>ps-tex-enc</var> for both the PostScript and target TeX encodings + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-T </span><var>ps-tex-enc</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007bps_002dtex_002denc_007d-641"></a>Use <var>ps-tex-enc</var> for both the PostScript and target TeX encodings of the font. Equivalent to ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p </span><var>file</var><span class="samp"> -t </span><var>file</var></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-u</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002du-641"></a>Use only those characters specified in the TeX encoding, and no + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-u</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002du-642"></a>Use only those characters specified in the TeX encoding, and no others. By default, Afm2tfm tries to include all characters in the input font, even those not present in the TeX encoding (it puts them into otherwise-unused positions, arbitrarily). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-v </span><var>vpl-file</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dv-_0040var_007bvpl_002dfile_007d-642"></a>Output a VPL (virtual property list) file, as well as a TFM file. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-v </span><var>vpl-file</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dv-_0040var_007bvpl_002dfile_007d-643"></a>Output a VPL (virtual property list) file, as well as a TFM file. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-V </span><var>vpl-file</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dV-_0040var_007bvpl_002dfile_007d-643"></a>Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-v</span></samp>’, but the virtual font generated is a pseudo small caps + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-V </span><var>vpl-file</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dV-_0040var_007bvpl_002dfile_007d-644"></a>Same as ‘<samp><span class="samp">-v</span></samp>’, but the virtual font generated is a pseudo small caps font obtained by scaling uppercase letters by 0.8 to typeset lowercase. This font handles accented letters and retains proper kerning. @@ -3746,13 +3750,13 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#PostScript-fonts">PostScript fonts</a> <h3 class="section">6.4 <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp>: PostScript font catalog</h3> -<p><a name="index-psfonts_002emap-644"></a><a name="index-non_002dresident-fonts-645"></a><a name="index-downloading-PostScript-fonts-646"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-downloading-647"></a> +<p><a name="index-psfonts_002emap-645"></a><a name="index-non_002dresident-fonts-646"></a><a name="index-downloading-PostScript-fonts-647"></a><a name="index-fonts_002c-downloading-648"></a> The <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp> file associates a PostScript font with related files and constructs. Each line has the format: <pre class="example"> <var>filename</var> <var>PostScript-name</var> <var>options</var> </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_003c-_0040r_007bfont-downloading_007d-648"></a>For example, the line + <p><a name="index-g_t_003c-_0040r_007bfont-downloading_007d-649"></a>For example, the line <pre class="example"> rpstrn StoneInformal <StoneInformal.pfb </pre> <p class="noindent">causes Dvips to download <samp><span class="file">StoneInformal.pfb</span></samp> (just as if it were @@ -3761,49 +3765,49 @@ font, see <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a>) references the TFM file &l The PostScript <code>/FontName</code> of the font defined inside the ‘<samp><span class="samp">pfb</span></samp>’ file should be <code>StoneInformal</code>. - <p><a name="index-transforming-downloaded-fonts-649"></a><a name="index-expanded-fonts-650"></a><a name="index-wide-fonts-651"></a><a name="index-narrow-fonts-652"></a>You can generate transformed fonts with a line like this: + <p><a name="index-transforming-downloaded-fonts-650"></a><a name="index-expanded-fonts-651"></a><a name="index-wide-fonts-652"></a><a name="index-narrow-fonts-653"></a>You can generate transformed fonts with a line like this: <pre class="example"> rpstrc StoneInformal <StoneInformal.pfb ".8 ExtendFont" </pre> <p class="noindent">See <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a>, for a complete list of font effects. - <p><a name="index-reencoding-PostScript-fonts-653"></a>You can change the encoding of the Type 1 font at the PostScript + <p><a name="index-reencoding-PostScript-fonts-654"></a>You can change the encoding of the Type 1 font at the PostScript level with a ‘<samp><span class="samp">ReEncodeFont</span></samp>’ instruction, plus the name of the encoding file. This allows you access to characters that may be present in the Type 1 font file, but not encoded by default—most of the preaccented characters, for example. An example: <pre class="smallexample"> pstrn8r StoneInformal "TeXBase1Encoding ReEncodeFont" <8r.enc <pstrn8a.pfb </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t8r-font-encoding-654"></a><a name="index-base-encoding_002c-recommended-655"></a>The ‘<samp><span class="samp">8r</span></samp>’ encoding mentioned here has been designed to serve as a + <p><a name="index-g_t8r-font-encoding-655"></a><a name="index-base-encoding_002c-recommended-656"></a>The ‘<samp><span class="samp">8r</span></samp>’ encoding mentioned here has been designed to serve as a base for all downloadable fonts; it allows access to all the characters commonly present in a Type 1 font. For more details, see the <samp><span class="file">8r.enc</span></samp> source file that comes with (and is installed with) Dvips. - <p><a name="index-g_t_003c_005b-_0040r_007bencoding-vector-downloading_007d-656"></a>You may notice that the same syntax is used for downloading encoding + <p><a name="index-g_t_003c_005b-_0040r_007bencoding-vector-downloading_007d-657"></a>You may notice that the same syntax is used for downloading encoding vectors and Type 1 font files. To make your intentions clear, you can also use ‘<samp><span class="samp"><[</span></samp>’ to explicitly indicate you are downloading an encoding vector, as in: <pre class="smallexample"> pstrn8r StoneInformal "TeXBase1Encoding ReEncodeFont" <[8r.enc <pstrn8a.pfb </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_002eenc-_0040r_007bextension-for-encoding-vectors_007d-657"></a>If the filename of your encoding vector does not end in ‘<samp><span class="samp">.enc</span></samp>’, and + <p><a name="index-g_t_002eenc-_0040r_007bextension-for-encoding-vectors_007d-658"></a>If the filename of your encoding vector does not end in ‘<samp><span class="samp">.enc</span></samp>’, and you are using partial font downloading, you must use the ‘<samp><span class="samp"><[</span></samp>’ syntax, or Dvips will not download the font properly. - <p><a name="index-g_t_002epfa-_0040r_007bextension-required-for-partial-downloading_007d-658"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epfb-_0040r_007bextension-required-for-partial-downloading_007d-659"></a>Similarly, the name of the Type 1 font file itself must have extension + <p><a name="index-g_t_002epfa-_0040r_007bextension-required-for-partial-downloading_007d-659"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epfb-_0040r_007bextension-required-for-partial-downloading_007d-660"></a>Similarly, the name of the Type 1 font file itself must have extension <samp><span class="file">.pfa</span></samp> or <samp><span class="file">.pfb</span></samp> for partial downloading to work properly. - <p><a name="index-pfb-files_002c-automatically-unpacked-660"></a>When using PFB files, Dvips is smart enough to unpack the binary PFB + <p><a name="index-pfb-files_002c-automatically-unpacked-661"></a>When using PFB files, Dvips is smart enough to unpack the binary PFB format into printable ASCII so there is no need to perform this conversion yourself. In addition, Dvips scans the font to determine its memory usage, just as it does for other header files (see <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a>). - <p><a name="index-partial-font-downloading-661"></a><a name="index-downloading-fonts-partially-662"></a>If the ‘<samp><span class="samp">j</span></samp>’ config file or command-line option is enabled (as it + <p><a name="index-partial-font-downloading-662"></a><a name="index-downloading-fonts-partially-663"></a>If the ‘<samp><span class="samp">j</span></samp>’ config file or command-line option is enabled (as it is by default), <samp><span class="file">StoneInformal.pfb</span></samp> will be <dfn>partially downloaded</dfn>—only those characters your document actually uses will be extracted and downloaded, and the remainder discarded. See <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a>. - <p><a name="index-whole-font-downloading-663"></a><a name="index-multiple-master-fonts-664"></a><a name="index-Minion-typeface-family-665"></a><a name="index-g_t_003c_003c-_0040r_007bwhole-font-downloading_007d-666"></a>Adobe Multiple Master fonts, such as Minion, cannot be partially + <p><a name="index-whole-font-downloading-664"></a><a name="index-multiple-master-fonts-665"></a><a name="index-Minion-typeface-family-666"></a><a name="index-g_t_003c_003c-_0040r_007bwhole-font-downloading_007d-667"></a>Adobe Multiple Master fonts, such as Minion, cannot be partially downloaded. To partially download in general, but avoid partial downloading for individual fonts, use ‘<samp><span class="samp"><<</span></samp>’ instead ‘<samp><span class="samp"><</span></samp>’: <pre class="example"> pmnr8r Minion <<Minion.pfb @@ -3857,8 +3861,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">7 Color</h2> -<p><a name="index-color-667"></a> -<a name="index-Hafner_002c-Jim-668"></a>Dvips supports one-pass multi-color printing of TeX documents on any +<p><a name="index-color-668"></a> +<a name="index-Hafner_002c-Jim-669"></a>Dvips supports one-pass multi-color printing of TeX documents on any color PostScript device. Initially added by Jim Hafner, IBM Research, <a href="mailto:hafner@almaden.ibm.com">hafner@almaden.ibm.com</a>, the color support has gone through many changes by Tomas Rokicki. Besides the source code support itself, there @@ -3889,7 +3893,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Color">Color</a> <h3 class="section">7.1 Color macro files</h3> -<p><a name="index-macros-for-color-669"></a><a name="index-color-macros-670"></a> +<p><a name="index-macros-for-color-670"></a><a name="index-color-macros-671"></a> All the color macro commands are defined in ‘<samp><span class="samp">colordvi.tex</span></samp>’ (or ‘<samp><span class="samp">colordvi.sty</span></samp>’). To access these macros simply add to the top of your plain TeX file the command: @@ -3903,7 +3907,7 @@ the documentation for the graphics package, available from <samp><var>CTAN</var><span class="file">:doc/latex/graphics/</span></samp>. See also <samp><var>CTAN</var><span class="file">:doc/epslatex.ps</span></samp>. - <p><a name="index-Crayola-crayon-box-671"></a><a name="index-Pantone-colors-672"></a><a name="index-color-names_002c-mixed-case-673"></a>These macros provide two basic kinds of color macros: ones for local + <p><a name="index-Crayola-crayon-box-672"></a><a name="index-Pantone-colors-673"></a><a name="index-color-names_002c-mixed-case-674"></a>These macros provide two basic kinds of color macros: ones for local color changes (a few words, a single symbol) and one for global color changes (the whole document). All the color names use a mixed case scheme to avoid conflicts with other macros. There are 68 predefined @@ -3918,7 +3922,7 @@ and Pantones. <pre class="example"> \<var>ColorName</var>{this is the color <var>ColorName</var>} </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_005c_0040var_007bColorName_007d-674"></a>where <var>ColorName</var> is the name of a predefined color, e.g., + <p><a name="index-g_t_005c_0040var_007bColorName_007d-675"></a>where <var>ColorName</var> is the name of a predefined color, e.g., ‘<samp><span class="samp">Blue</span></samp>’. As shown, these macros take one argument, the text to print in the specified color. This can be used for nested color changes since it restores the original color state when it completes. For @@ -3927,14 +3931,14 @@ example: <pre class="example"> This text is normal but here we are \Red{switching to red, \Blue{nesting blue}, recovering the red} and back to original. </pre> - <p class="noindent"><a name="index-color-nesting-level-675"></a>The color nesting level has no hard limit, but it is not advisable to + <p class="noindent"><a name="index-color-nesting-level-676"></a>The color nesting level has no hard limit, but it is not advisable to nest too deeply lest you and the reader lose track of the color history. <p>The global color command has the form <pre class="example"> \text<var>ColorName</var> </pre> - <p class="noindent"><a name="index-g_t_005ctext_0040var_007bColorName_007d-676"></a>These macros take no arguments and changes the default color from that + <p class="noindent"><a name="index-g_t_005ctext_0040var_007bColorName_007d-677"></a>These macros take no arguments and changes the default color from that point on to <var>ColorName</var>. This of course can be overridden globally by another such command or locally by local color commands. For example, expanding on the example above, we might have @@ -3973,7 +3977,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Color">Color</a> <h3 class="section">7.2 User-definable colors</h3> -<p><a name="index-user_002ddefinable-colors-677"></a><a name="index-colors_002c-user_002ddefinable-678"></a> +<p><a name="index-user_002ddefinable-colors-678"></a><a name="index-colors_002c-user_002ddefinable-679"></a> There are two ways for the user to specify colors not already defined. For local changes, there is the command <code>\Color</code> which takes two arguments. The first argument is four numbers between zero and one and @@ -4010,7 +4014,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Color">Color</a> <h3 class="section">7.3 Color subtleties</h3> -<p><a name="index-color-subtleties-679"></a> +<p><a name="index-color-subtleties-680"></a> Color macros are defined via <code>\special</code> keywords. As such, they are put in the ‘<samp><span class="samp">.dvi</span></samp>’ file only as explicit message strings to the driver. The (unpleasant) result is that certain unprotected regions of @@ -4079,7 +4083,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Color">Color</a> <h3 class="section">7.5 Color device configuration</h3> -<p><a name="index-color-configuration-680"></a><a name="index-configuration_002c-of-color-devices-681"></a> +<p><a name="index-color-configuration-681"></a><a name="index-configuration_002c-of-color-devices-682"></a> To configure Dvips for a particular color device you need to fine tune the color parameters to match your device's color rendition. To do this, you will need a Pantone chart for your device. The header file @@ -4092,7 +4096,7 @@ interpreter) the PostScript commands ‘<samp><span class="samp">setcmykcolo ‘<samp><span class="samp">currentcmykcolor</span></samp>’ in terms of a RGB equivalent so if your device only understands RGB, there should be no problem. - <p><a name="index-Phaser-printer_002c-used-for-color-calibration-682"></a><a name="index-Tektronix-Phaser-printer_002c-used-for-color-calibration-683"></a>The parameters set in this file were determined by comparing the Pantone + <p><a name="index-Phaser-printer_002c-used-for-color-calibration-683"></a><a name="index-Tektronix-Phaser-printer_002c-used-for-color-calibration-684"></a>The parameters set in this file were determined by comparing the Pantone chart of a Tektronix Phaser printer with the actual Crayola Crayons. Because these were defined for a particular device, the actual color rendition on your device may be very different. There are two ways to @@ -4155,7 +4159,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Color-support-details">Color support d <h4 class="subsection">7.6.1 Color specifications</h4> -<p><a name="index-color-specifications-684"></a> +<p><a name="index-color-specifications-685"></a> What is a color specification? One of three things. First, it might be a PostScript procedure as defined in a PostScript header file. The <samp><span class="file">color.pro</span></samp> file defines 64 of these, including ‘<samp><span class="samp">Maroon</span></samp>’. @@ -4239,686 +4243,687 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="unnumbered">Index</h2> <ul class="index-cp" compact> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0021-_0040r_007bspecial-_0028literal-PS-header_0029_007d-457"><code>! </code><span class="roman">special (literal PS header)</span></a>: <a href="#Literal-headers">Literal headers</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0021-_0040r_007bstarting-output-filename_007d-179"><code>! </code><span class="roman">starting output filename</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0022-_0040r_007bspecial-_0028literal-PostScript_0029_007d-450"><code>" </code><span class="roman">special (literal PostScript)</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_0022-special">" special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0025BoundingBox-363"><code>%%BoundingBox</code></a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-and-multi_002dpage-information_007d-467"><code>%%Page</code><span class="roman">, and multi-page information</span></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-not-generating_007d-168"><code>%%Page</code><span class="roman">, not generating</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-removing_007d-144"><code>%%Page</code><span class="roman">, removing</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0021-_0040r_007bspecial-_0028literal-PS-header_0029_007d-458"><code>! </code><span class="roman">special (literal PS header)</span></a>: <a href="#Literal-headers">Literal headers</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0021-_0040r_007bstarting-output-filename_007d-180"><code>! </code><span class="roman">starting output filename</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0022-_0040r_007bspecial-_0028literal-PostScript_0029_007d-451"><code>" </code><span class="roman">special (literal PostScript)</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_0022-special">" special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0025BoundingBox-364"><code>%%BoundingBox</code></a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-and-multi_002dpage-information_007d-468"><code>%%Page</code><span class="roman">, and multi-page information</span></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-not-generating_007d-169"><code>%%Page</code><span class="roman">, not generating</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-removing_007d-145"><code>%%Page</code><span class="roman">, removing</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0025Page_0040r_007b_002c-required-by-Ghostview_007d-45"><code>%%Page</code><span class="roman">, required by Ghostview</span></a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0025VMusage-447"><code>%%VMusage</code></a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_002aFont-419"><code>%*Font</code></a>: <a href="#Fonts-in-figures">Fonts in figures</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0028atend_0029_0040r_007b_002c-bounding-box-specification_007d-365"><code>(atend)</code><span class="roman">, bounding box specification</span></a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002b_0040var_007bpsmapfile_007d-302"><code>+</code><var>psmapfile</var></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d-83"><code>-</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d-_0040r_007bas-output-filename_007d-178"><code>- </code><span class="roman">as output filename</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dhelp-86"><code>--help</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dhelp-81"><code>--help</code></a>: <a href="#Option-summary">Option summary</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dversion-87"><code>--version</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dA-90"><code>-A</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002da-88"><code>-a</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dB-96"><code>-B</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002db-_0040var_007bnum_007d-92"><code>-b </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dC-_0040var_007bnum_007d-103"><code>-C </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dc-_0040var_007bnum_007d-99"><code>-c </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dc-_0040var_007bratio_007d-629"><code>-c </code><var>ratio</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dD-_0040var_007bnum_007d-108"><code>-D </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dd-_0040var_007bnum_007d-106"><code>-d </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dE-114"><code>-E</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002de-_0040var_007bnum_007d-110"><code>-e </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002de-_0040var_007bratio_007d-631"><code>-e </code><var>ratio</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dF-123"><code>-F</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002df-118"><code>-f</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dG-128"><code>-G</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dh-_0040var_007bname_007d-131"><code>-h </code><var>name</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002di-134"><code>-i</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dj-_0040r_007bfor-partial-font-downloading_007d-138"><code>-j </code><span class="roman">for partial font downloading</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dK-142"><code>-K</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dk-_0040r_007bfor-cropmarks_007d-139"><code>-k </code><span class="roman">for cropmarks</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dl-_005b_003d_005d_0040var_007bnum_007d-145"><code>-l [=]</code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dM-156"><code>-M</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dm-150"><code>-m</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmode-153"><code>-mode</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmode-_0040var_007bmode_007d-152"><code>-mode </code><var>mode</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dN-165"><code>-N</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dn-_0040var_007bnum_007d-162"><code>-n </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dnoomega-169"><code>-noomega</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dnoptex-172"><code>-noptex</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dO-634"><code>-O</code></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002do-_0040var_007bname_007d-174"><code>-o </code><var>name</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dO-_0040var_007bx_002doffset_007d_002c_0040var_007by_002doffset_007d-183"><code>-O </code><var>x-offset</var><code>,</code><var>y-offset</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dp-_005b_003d_005d_0040var_007bnum_007d-188"><code>-p [=]</code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dP-_0040var_007bprinter_007d-196"><code>-P </code><var>printer</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dp-_0040var_007bps_002denc_007d-636"><code>-p </code><var>ps-enc</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dp-_0040var_007bps_002denc_007d-588"><code>-p </code><var>ps-enc</var></a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpp-_0040var_007bfirst_007d_002d_0040var_007blast_007d-193"><code>-pp </code><var>first</var><code>-</code><var>last</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpp-_0040var_007brange_007d-195"><code>-pp </code><var>range</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dP_0040var_007bprinter_007d_0040r_007b_002c-and-config-file-searching_007d-266"><code>-P</code><var>printer</var><span class="roman">, and config file searching</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dq-198"><code>-q</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dR-204"><code>-R</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dr-202"><code>-r</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ds-209"><code>-s</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dS-_0040var_007bnum_007d-211"><code>-S </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ds-_0040var_007bslant_007d-637"><code>-s </code><var>slant</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007benc_002dfile_007d-593"><code>-T </code><var>enc-file</var></a>: <a href="#Changing-both-encodings">Changing both encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007bhsize_007d_002c_0040var_007bvsize_007d-222"><code>-T </code><var>hsize</var><code>,</code><var>vsize</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007bpapertype_007d-212"><code>-t </code><var>papertype</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007bps_002dtex_002denc_007d-640"><code>-T </code><var>ps-tex-enc</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007btex_002denc_007d-639"><code>-t </code><var>tex-enc</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007btex_002denc_007d-584"><code>-t </code><var>tex-enc</var></a>: <a href="#Changing-TeX-encodings">Changing TeX encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002du-641"><code>-u</code></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dU-226"><code>-U</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002du-_0040var_007bpsmapfile_007d-223"><code>-u </code><var>psmapfile</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dV-229"><code>-V</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dv-228"><code>-v</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dV-_0040var_007bvpl_002dfile_007d-643"><code>-V </code><var>vpl-file</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dv-_0040var_007bvpl_002dfile_007d-642"><code>-v </code><var>vpl-file</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dX-_0040var_007bnum_007d-235"><code>-X </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dx-_0040var_007bnum_007d-233"><code>-x </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dY-_0040var_007bnum_007d-238"><code>-Y </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dz-474"><code>-z</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dZ-_0040r_007bfor-compressing-bitmap-fonts_007d-245"><code>-Z </code><span class="roman">for compressing bitmap fonts</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dz-_0040r_007bfor-recognizing-hyperdvi_007d-240"><code>-z </code><span class="roman">for recognizing hyperdvi</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040file_007b_002e_002e_007d_002drelative-filenames-208"><samp><span class="file">..</span></samp>-relative filenames</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eafm-_0040r_007bAdobe-metric-files_007d-516"><code>.afm </code><span class="roman">Adobe metric files</span></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002edvipsrc_0040r_007b_002c-searched-for_007d-265"><code>.dvipsrc</code><span class="roman">, searched for</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eenc-_0040r_007bextension-for-encoding-vectors_007d-657"><code>.enc </code><span class="roman">extension for encoding vectors</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002elpro-_0040r_007blong-prologue-files_007d-424"><code>.lpro </code><span class="roman">long prologue files</span></a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002emf-_0040r_007bMetafont-source-files_007d-535"><code>.mf </code><span class="roman">Metafont source files</span></a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dpk-_0040r_007bpacked-font-bitmaps_007d-538"><code>.</code><var>nnn</var><code>pk </code><span class="roman">packed font bitmaps</span></a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epfa-_0040r_007bextension-required-for-partial-downloading_007d-658"><code>.pfa </code><span class="roman">extension required for partial downloading</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epfa-_0040r_007bprinter-font-ascii-files_007d-532"><code>.pfa </code><span class="roman">printer font ascii files</span></a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epfb-_0040r_007bextension-required-for-partial-downloading_007d-659"><code>.pfb </code><span class="roman">extension required for partial downloading</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epfb-_0040r_007bprinter-font-binary-files_007d-533"><code>.pfb </code><span class="roman">printer font binary files</span></a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epfm-_0040r_007bprinter-font-metric-files_007d-524"><code>.pfm </code><span class="roman">printer font metric files</span></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epl-_0040r_007bproperty-list-files_007d-522"><code>.pl </code><span class="roman">property list files</span></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epro-_0040r_007bprologue-files_007d-423"><code>.pro </code><span class="roman">prologue files</span></a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007b_0040TeX_007b_007d-font-metric-files_007d-518"><code>.tfm </code><span class="roman">TeX font metric files</span></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002f_0023copies-93"><code>/#copies</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002fmagscale-390"><code>/magscale</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t612-792-_0040r_007bbounding-box-size_007d-368"><code>612 792 </code><span class="roman">bounding box size</span></a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t8r-_0040r_007bencoding_002c-and-extra-characters_007d-592"><code>8r </code><span class="roman">encoding, and extra characters</span></a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t8r-font-encoding-654">8r font encoding</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t8r_002eenc-553"><code>8r.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_003c-_0040r_007bfont-downloading_007d-648"><code>< </code><span class="roman">font downloading</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_003c_003c-_0040r_007bwhole-font-downloading_007d-666"><code><< </code><span class="roman">whole font downloading</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_003c_005b-_0040r_007bencoding-vector-downloading_007d-656"><code><[ </code><span class="roman">encoding vector downloading</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_003d_003a-_0040r_007bligature-operation_007d-612"><code>=: </code><span class="roman">ligature operation</span></a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040_0040-_0040r_007bpaper-size-config-command_007d-272"><code>@ </code><span class="roman">paper size config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005c_002e-602"><code>\.</code></a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cAA-604"><code>\AA</code></a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005c_0040var_007bColorName_007d-674"><code>\</code><var>ColorName</var></a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cdot-603"><code>\dot</code></a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cepsffile-_0040r_007bmacro_007d-378"><code>\epsffile </code><span class="roman">macro</span></a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cepsfsize-386"><code>\epsfsize</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cepsfverbosetrue-380"><code>\epsfverbosetrue</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cepsfxsize-384"><code>\epsfxsize</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cepsfysize-385"><code>\epsfysize</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cH-601"><code>\H</code></a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cincludegraphics-_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-macro-369">\includegraphics LaTeX macro</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cincludegraphics">\includegraphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cleavevmode-376"><code>\leavevmode</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cmagnification-389"><code>\magnification</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005crotninety-470"><code>\rotninety</code></a>: <a href="#Literal-examples">Literal examples</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ctext_0040var_007bColorName_007d-676"><code>\text</code><var>ColorName</var></a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-a-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028memory-conservation_0029_007d-273"><code>a </code><span class="roman">config command (memory conservation)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-A-ring_002c-Scandinavian-letter-600">A ring, Scandinavian letter</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-a3-papertype-219">a3 papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-a4-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-348"><code>a4 </code><span class="roman">paper size</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-a4-papertype-218">a4 papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-A4size-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-350"><code>A4size </code><span class="roman">paper size</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-absolute-filenames_002c-disabling-207">absolute filenames, disabling</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dl_007d-149">absolute page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-192">absolute page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-accents_002c-in-wrong-position-596">accents, in wrong position</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-accents_002c-wrong-628">accents, wrong</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-accuracy-in-positioning-112">accuracy in positioning</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0025VMusage-448"><code>%%VMusage</code></a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_002aFont-420"><code>%*Font</code></a>: <a href="#Fonts-in-figures">Fonts in figures</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0028atend_0029_0040r_007b_002c-bounding-box-specification_007d-366"><code>(atend)</code><span class="roman">, bounding box specification</span></a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002b_0040var_007bpsmapfile_007d-303"><code>+</code><var>psmapfile</var></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d-84"><code>-</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d-_0040r_007bas-output-filename_007d-179"><code>- </code><span class="roman">as output filename</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dhelp-87"><code>--help</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dhelp-82"><code>--help</code></a>: <a href="#Option-summary">Option summary</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dversion-88"><code>--version</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dA-91"><code>-A</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002da-89"><code>-a</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dB-97"><code>-B</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002db-_0040var_007bnum_007d-93"><code>-b </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dC-_0040var_007bnum_007d-104"><code>-C </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dc-_0040var_007bnum_007d-100"><code>-c </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dc-_0040var_007bratio_007d-630"><code>-c </code><var>ratio</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dD-_0040var_007bnum_007d-109"><code>-D </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dd-_0040var_007bnum_007d-107"><code>-d </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dE-115"><code>-E</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002de-_0040var_007bnum_007d-111"><code>-e </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002de-_0040var_007bratio_007d-632"><code>-e </code><var>ratio</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dF-124"><code>-F</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002df-119"><code>-f</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dG-129"><code>-G</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dh-_0040var_007bname_007d-132"><code>-h </code><var>name</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002di-135"><code>-i</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dj-_0040r_007bfor-partial-font-downloading_007d-139"><code>-j </code><span class="roman">for partial font downloading</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dK-143"><code>-K</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dk-_0040r_007bfor-cropmarks_007d-140"><code>-k </code><span class="roman">for cropmarks</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dl-_005b_003d_005d_0040var_007bnum_007d-146"><code>-l [=]</code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dM-157"><code>-M</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dm-151"><code>-m</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmode-154"><code>-mode</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmode-_0040var_007bmode_007d-153"><code>-mode </code><var>mode</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dN-166"><code>-N</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dn-_0040var_007bnum_007d-163"><code>-n </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dnoomega-170"><code>-noomega</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dnoptex-173"><code>-noptex</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dO-635"><code>-O</code></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002do-_0040var_007bname_007d-175"><code>-o </code><var>name</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dO-_0040var_007bx_002doffset_007d_002c_0040var_007by_002doffset_007d-184"><code>-O </code><var>x-offset</var><code>,</code><var>y-offset</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dp-_005b_003d_005d_0040var_007bnum_007d-189"><code>-p [=]</code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dP-_0040var_007bprinter_007d-197"><code>-P </code><var>printer</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dp-_0040var_007bps_002denc_007d-637"><code>-p </code><var>ps-enc</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dp-_0040var_007bps_002denc_007d-589"><code>-p </code><var>ps-enc</var></a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpp-_0040var_007bfirst_007d_002d_0040var_007blast_007d-194"><code>-pp </code><var>first</var><code>-</code><var>last</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpp-_0040var_007brange_007d-196"><code>-pp </code><var>range</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dP_0040var_007bprinter_007d_0040r_007b_002c-and-config-file-searching_007d-267"><code>-P</code><var>printer</var><span class="roman">, and config file searching</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dq-199"><code>-q</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dR-205"><code>-R</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dr-203"><code>-r</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ds-210"><code>-s</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dS-_0040var_007bnum_007d-212"><code>-S </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ds-_0040var_007bslant_007d-638"><code>-s </code><var>slant</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007benc_002dfile_007d-594"><code>-T </code><var>enc-file</var></a>: <a href="#Changing-both-encodings">Changing both encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007bhsize_007d_002c_0040var_007bvsize_007d-223"><code>-T </code><var>hsize</var><code>,</code><var>vsize</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007bpapertype_007d-213"><code>-t </code><var>papertype</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dT-_0040var_007bps_002dtex_002denc_007d-641"><code>-T </code><var>ps-tex-enc</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007btex_002denc_007d-640"><code>-t </code><var>tex-enc</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dt-_0040var_007btex_002denc_007d-585"><code>-t </code><var>tex-enc</var></a>: <a href="#Changing-TeX-encodings">Changing TeX encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002du-642"><code>-u</code></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dU-227"><code>-U</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002du-_0040var_007bpsmapfile_007d-224"><code>-u </code><var>psmapfile</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dV-230"><code>-V</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dv-229"><code>-v</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dV-_0040var_007bvpl_002dfile_007d-644"><code>-V </code><var>vpl-file</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dv-_0040var_007bvpl_002dfile_007d-643"><code>-v </code><var>vpl-file</var></a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dX-_0040var_007bnum_007d-236"><code>-X </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dx-_0040var_007bnum_007d-234"><code>-x </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dY-_0040var_007bnum_007d-239"><code>-Y </code><var>num</var></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dz-475"><code>-z</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dZ-_0040r_007bfor-compressing-bitmap-fonts_007d-246"><code>-Z </code><span class="roman">for compressing bitmap fonts</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dz-_0040r_007bfor-recognizing-hyperdvi_007d-241"><code>-z </code><span class="roman">for recognizing hyperdvi</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040file_007b_002e_002e_007d_002drelative-filenames-209"><samp><span class="file">..</span></samp>-relative filenames</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eafm-_0040r_007bAdobe-metric-files_007d-517"><code>.afm </code><span class="roman">Adobe metric files</span></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002edvipsrc_0040r_007b_002c-searched-for_007d-266"><code>.dvipsrc</code><span class="roman">, searched for</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eenc-_0040r_007bextension-for-encoding-vectors_007d-658"><code>.enc </code><span class="roman">extension for encoding vectors</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002elpro-_0040r_007blong-prologue-files_007d-425"><code>.lpro </code><span class="roman">long prologue files</span></a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002emf-_0040r_007bMetafont-source-files_007d-536"><code>.mf </code><span class="roman">Metafont source files</span></a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dpk-_0040r_007bpacked-font-bitmaps_007d-539"><code>.</code><var>nnn</var><code>pk </code><span class="roman">packed font bitmaps</span></a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epfa-_0040r_007bextension-required-for-partial-downloading_007d-659"><code>.pfa </code><span class="roman">extension required for partial downloading</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epfa-_0040r_007bprinter-font-ascii-files_007d-533"><code>.pfa </code><span class="roman">printer font ascii files</span></a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epfb-_0040r_007bextension-required-for-partial-downloading_007d-660"><code>.pfb </code><span class="roman">extension required for partial downloading</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epfb-_0040r_007bprinter-font-binary-files_007d-534"><code>.pfb </code><span class="roman">printer font binary files</span></a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epfm-_0040r_007bprinter-font-metric-files_007d-525"><code>.pfm </code><span class="roman">printer font metric files</span></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epl-_0040r_007bproperty-list-files_007d-523"><code>.pl </code><span class="roman">property list files</span></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002epro-_0040r_007bprologue-files_007d-424"><code>.pro </code><span class="roman">prologue files</span></a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007b_0040TeX_007b_007d-font-metric-files_007d-519"><code>.tfm </code><span class="roman">TeX font metric files</span></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002f_0023copies-94"><code>/#copies</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002fmagscale-391"><code>/magscale</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t612-792-_0040r_007bbounding-box-size_007d-369"><code>612 792 </code><span class="roman">bounding box size</span></a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t8r-_0040r_007bencoding_002c-and-extra-characters_007d-593"><code>8r </code><span class="roman">encoding, and extra characters</span></a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t8r-font-encoding-655">8r font encoding</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t8r_002eenc-554"><code>8r.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_003c-_0040r_007bfont-downloading_007d-649"><code>< </code><span class="roman">font downloading</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_003c_003c-_0040r_007bwhole-font-downloading_007d-667"><code><< </code><span class="roman">whole font downloading</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_003c_005b-_0040r_007bencoding-vector-downloading_007d-657"><code><[ </code><span class="roman">encoding vector downloading</span></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_003d_003a-_0040r_007bligature-operation_007d-613"><code>=: </code><span class="roman">ligature operation</span></a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040_0040-_0040r_007bpaper-size-config-command_007d-273"><code>@ </code><span class="roman">paper size config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005c_002e-603"><code>\.</code></a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cAA-605"><code>\AA</code></a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005c_0040var_007bColorName_007d-675"><code>\</code><var>ColorName</var></a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cdot-604"><code>\dot</code></a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cepsffile-_0040r_007bmacro_007d-379"><code>\epsffile </code><span class="roman">macro</span></a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cepsfsize-387"><code>\epsfsize</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cepsfverbosetrue-381"><code>\epsfverbosetrue</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cepsfxsize-385"><code>\epsfxsize</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cepsfysize-386"><code>\epsfysize</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cH-602"><code>\H</code></a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cincludegraphics-_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-macro-370">\includegraphics LaTeX macro</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cincludegraphics">\includegraphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cleavevmode-377"><code>\leavevmode</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cmagnification-390"><code>\magnification</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005crotninety-471"><code>\rotninety</code></a>: <a href="#Literal-examples">Literal examples</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ctext_0040var_007bColorName_007d-677"><code>\text</code><var>ColorName</var></a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-a-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028memory-conservation_0029_007d-274"><code>a </code><span class="roman">config command (memory conservation)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-A-ring_002c-Scandinavian-letter-601">A ring, Scandinavian letter</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-a3-papertype-220">a3 papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-a4-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-349"><code>a4 </code><span class="roman">paper size</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-a4-papertype-219">a4 papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-A4size-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-351"><code>A4size </code><span class="roman">paper size</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-absolute-filenames_002c-disabling-208">absolute filenames, disabling</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dl_007d-150">absolute page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-absolute-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-193">absolute page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-accents_002c-in-wrong-position-597">accents, in wrong position</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-accents_002c-wrong-629">accents, wrong</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-accuracy-in-positioning-113">accuracy in positioning</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Adobe-fonts-17">Adobe fonts</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Adobe-fonts_002c-installing-22">Adobe fonts, installing</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-afm-files-515">afm files</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-afm2tfm-576"><code>afm2tfm</code></a>: <a href="#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-afm2tfm-572"><code>afm2tfm</code></a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-afm2tfm-options-627">afm2tfm options</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-after-header_002c-inserting-code-433">after header, inserting code</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-afm-files-516">afm files</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-afm2tfm-577"><code>afm2tfm</code></a>: <a href="#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-afm2tfm-573"><code>afm2tfm</code></a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-afm2tfm-options-628">afm2tfm options</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-after-header_002c-inserting-code-434">after header, inserting code</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Aladdin-Ghostscript-38">Aladdin Ghostscript</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Anderson_002c-Laurie-506">Anderson, Laurie</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-angle-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-403"><code>angle </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-arcs-527">arcs</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ASCII-character-codes_002c-used-by-PostScript-561">ASCII character codes, used by PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-atend_0040r_007b_002c-bounding-box-specification_007d-364"><code>atend</code><span class="roman">, bounding box specification</span></a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-b-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028_0023copies_0029_007d-274"><code>b </code><span class="roman">config command (#copies)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-509"><code>base</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-encoding_002c-recommended-655">base encoding, recommended</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-fonts-544">base fonts</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bbfig-366"><code>bbfig</code></a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-before-header_002c-inserting-code-432">before header, inserting code</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Bhattacharya_002c-Tanmoy-482">Bhattacharya, Tanmoy</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-big-points-360">big points</a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Anderson_002c-Laurie-507">Anderson, Laurie</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-angle-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-404"><code>angle </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-arcs-528">arcs</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ASCII-character-codes_002c-used-by-PostScript-562">ASCII character codes, used by PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-atend_0040r_007b_002c-bounding-box-specification_007d-365"><code>atend</code><span class="roman">, bounding box specification</span></a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-b-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028_0023copies_0029_007d-275"><code>b </code><span class="roman">config command (#copies)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-510"><code>base</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-encoding_002c-recommended-656">base encoding, recommended</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-fonts-545">base fonts</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bbfig-367"><code>bbfig</code></a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-before-header_002c-inserting-code-433">before header, inserting code</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Bhattacharya_002c-Tanmoy-483">Bhattacharya, Tanmoy</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-big-points-361">big points</a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Bigelow-_0026-Holmes-fonts-18">Bigelow & Holmes fonts</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-binary-files_002c-not-supported-76">binary files, not supported</a>: <a href="#Including-graphics-fails">Including graphics fails</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bitmap-fonts-534">bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bitmap-fonts-535">bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Bitstream-fonts_002c-installing-23">Bitstream fonts, installing</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_0040t_007bbop-undefined_007d-error-66"><tt>bop undefined</tt> error</a>: <a href="#Printer-errors">Printer errors</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bop_002dhook-460"><code>bop-hook</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bop_002dhook-391"><code>bop-hook</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bop_002dhook-355"><code>bop-hook</code></a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bop_002dhook_0040r_007b_002c-and-offset-pages_007d-187"><code>bop-hook</code><span class="roman">, and offset pages</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-boundary-character-609">boundary character</a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-comment-for-359">bounding box, comment for</a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-defined-362">bounding box, defined</a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-determining-367">bounding box, determining</a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-finding-tight-117">bounding box, finding tight</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-inaccurate-393">bounding box, inaccurate</a>: <a href="#EPSF-clipping">EPSF clipping</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-supplying-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-377">bounding box, supplying to TeX</a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-supplying-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-371">bounding box, supplying to TeX</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cincludegraphics">\includegraphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-changing-PostScript-encodings-586">changing PostScript encodings</a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-changing-_0040TeX_007b_007d-encodings-582">changing TeX encodings</a>: <a href="#Changing-TeX-encodings">Changing TeX encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-definitions-in-PostScript-569">character definitions in PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-lookup-procedure-in-PostScript-559">character lookup procedure in PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CharStrings-_0040r_007bType-1-dictionary_007d-566"><code>CharStrings </code><span class="roman">Type 1 dictionary</span></a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-clip-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-404"><code>clip </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-clipping-of-EPSF-392">clipping of EPSF</a>: <a href="#EPSF-clipping">EPSF clipping</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CODINGSCHEME-605"><code>CODINGSCHEME</code></a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-collated-copies-105">collated copies</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-color-667">color</a>: <a href="#Color">Color</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-color-configuration-680">color configuration</a>: <a href="#Color-device-configuration">Color device configuration</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-color-macros-670">color macros</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-color-names_002c-mixed-case-673">color names, mixed case</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-color-nesting-level-675">color nesting level</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-color-separations-95">color separations</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-color-specifications-684">color specifications</a>: <a href="#Color-specifications">Color specifications</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-color-subtleties-679">color subtleties</a>: <a href="#Color-subtleties">Color subtleties</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-colors_002c-user_002ddefinable-678">colors, user-definable</a>: <a href="#User_002ddefinable-colors">User-definable colors</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-command-line_002c-including-headers-from-437">command line, including headers from</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bop_002dhook-461"><code>bop-hook</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bop_002dhook-392"><code>bop-hook</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bop_002dhook-356"><code>bop-hook</code></a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bop_002dhook_0040r_007b_002c-and-offset-pages_007d-188"><code>bop-hook</code><span class="roman">, and offset pages</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-boundary-character-610">boundary character</a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-comment-for-360">bounding box, comment for</a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-defined-363">bounding box, defined</a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-determining-368">bounding box, determining</a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-finding-tight-118">bounding box, finding tight</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-inaccurate-394">bounding box, inaccurate</a>: <a href="#EPSF-clipping">EPSF clipping</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-supplying-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-378">bounding box, supplying to TeX</a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bounding-box_002c-supplying-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-372">bounding box, supplying to TeX</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cincludegraphics">\includegraphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-changing-PostScript-encodings-587">changing PostScript encodings</a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-changing-_0040TeX_007b_007d-encodings-583">changing TeX encodings</a>: <a href="#Changing-TeX-encodings">Changing TeX encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-definitions-in-PostScript-570">character definitions in PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-lookup-procedure-in-PostScript-560">character lookup procedure in PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CharStrings-_0040r_007bType-1-dictionary_007d-567"><code>CharStrings </code><span class="roman">Type 1 dictionary</span></a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-clip-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-405"><code>clip </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-clipping-of-EPSF-393">clipping of EPSF</a>: <a href="#EPSF-clipping">EPSF clipping</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CODINGSCHEME-606"><code>CODINGSCHEME</code></a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-collated-copies-106">collated copies</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-color-668">color</a>: <a href="#Color">Color</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-color-configuration-681">color configuration</a>: <a href="#Color-device-configuration">Color device configuration</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-color-macros-671">color macros</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-color-names_002c-mixed-case-674">color names, mixed case</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-color-nesting-level-676">color nesting level</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-color-separations-96">color separations</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-color-specifications-685">color specifications</a>: <a href="#Color-specifications">Color specifications</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-color-subtleties-680">color subtleties</a>: <a href="#Color-subtleties">Color subtleties</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-colors_002c-user_002ddefinable-679">colors, user-definable</a>: <a href="#User_002ddefinable-colors">User-definable colors</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-command-line_002c-including-headers-from-438">command line, including headers from</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> <li><a href="#index-command_002dline-options-77">command-line options</a>: <a href="#Invoking-Dvips">Invoking Dvips</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-in-configuration-files-270">comments, in configuration files</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-in-encoding-files-607">comments, in encoding files</a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-removing-included-143">comments, removing included</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-in-configuration-files-271">comments, in configuration files</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-in-encoding-files-608">comments, in encoding files</a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-removing-included-144">comments, removing included</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-compilation-3">compilation</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-compressed-PostScript-414">compressed PostScript</a>: <a href="#Dynamic-creation-of-graphics">Dynamic creation of graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-compressing-bitmap-fonts-246">compressing bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern-in-PostScript-487">Computer Modern in PostScript</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern_002c-encoding-of-548">Computer Modern, encoding of</a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-condensed-fonts-633">condensed fonts</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-compressed-PostScript-415">compressed PostScript</a>: <a href="#Dynamic-creation-of-graphics">Dynamic creation of graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-compressing-bitmap-fonts-247">compressing bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern-in-PostScript-488">Computer Modern in PostScript</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern_002c-encoding-of-549">Computer Modern, encoding of</a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-condensed-fonts-634">condensed fonts</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-config_002eproto-10"><code>config.proto</code></a>: <a href="#config_002eps-installation">config.ps installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-config_002eps-197"><code>config.ps</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-config_002eps-198"><code>config.ps</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-config_002eps-_0040r_007binstallation_007d-5"><code>config.ps </code><span class="roman">installation</span></a>: <a href="#config_002eps-installation">config.ps installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-config_002eps-_0040r_007bpaper-sizes_007d-346"><code>config.ps </code><span class="roman">paper sizes</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-config_002eps_0040r_007b_002c-searched-for_007d-264"><code>config.ps</code><span class="roman">, searched for</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-configuration-file-options-268">configuration file options</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-configuration-file-paper-size-command-342">configuration file paper size command</a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-configuration-file-path-259">configuration file path</a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-configuration-file-searching-262">configuration file searching</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-configuration-files-261">configuration files</a>: <a href="#Config-files">Config files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-config_002eps-_0040r_007bpaper-sizes_007d-347"><code>config.ps </code><span class="roman">paper sizes</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-config_002eps_0040r_007b_002c-searched-for_007d-265"><code>config.ps</code><span class="roman">, searched for</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-configuration-file-options-269">configuration file options</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-configuration-file-paper-size-command-343">configuration file paper size command</a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-configuration-file-path-260">configuration file path</a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-configuration-file-searching-263">configuration file searching</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-configuration-files-262">configuration files</a>: <a href="#Config-files">Config files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configuration-files_002c-creating-9">configuration files, creating</a>: <a href="#config_002eps-installation">config.ps installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configuration-files_002c-prototype-13">configuration files, prototype</a>: <a href="#config_002eps-installation">config.ps installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-configuration_002c-of-color-devices-681">configuration, of color devices</a>: <a href="#Color-device-configuration">Color device configuration</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-configuration_002c-of-color-devices-682">configuration, of color devices</a>: <a href="#Color-device-configuration">Color device configuration</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configuration_002c-of-Dvips-2">configuration, of Dvips</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-continuation-lines_002c-not-supported-271">continuation lines, not supported</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-control_002dD-125">control-D</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-copies_002c-collated-104">copies, collated</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-copies_002c-duplicated-page-bodies-94">copies, duplicated page bodies</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-copies_002c-uncollated-101">copies, uncollated</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Crayola-crayon-box-671">Crayola crayon box</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-crop_002epro-141"><code>crop.pro</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cropmarks-140">cropmarks</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-current-font_002c-in-PostScript-562">current font, in PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-D-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028dpi_0029_007d-275"><code>D </code><span class="roman">config command (dpi)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dated-output-465">dated output</a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-datestamp_002c-in-output-279">datestamp, in output</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-debugging-107">debugging</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-continuation-lines_002c-not-supported-272">continuation lines, not supported</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-control_002dD-126">control-D</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-copies_002c-collated-105">copies, collated</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-copies_002c-duplicated-page-bodies-95">copies, duplicated page bodies</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-copies_002c-uncollated-102">copies, uncollated</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Crayola-crayon-box-672">Crayola crayon box</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-crop_002epro-142"><code>crop.pro</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cropmarks-141">cropmarks</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-current-font_002c-in-PostScript-563">current font, in PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-D-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028dpi_0029_007d-276"><code>D </code><span class="roman">config command (dpi)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dated-output-466">dated output</a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-datestamp_002c-in-output-280">datestamp, in output</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-debugging-108">debugging</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-debugging-48">debugging</a>: <a href="#Diagnosing-problems">Diagnosing problems</a></li> <li><a href="#index-debugging-options-49">debugging options</a>: <a href="#Debug-options">Debug options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-default-resolutions-313">default resolutions</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-default_005ftexsizes-_0040r_007bMake-variable_007d-317"><code>default_texsizes </code><span class="roman">Make variable</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-default-resolutions-314">default resolutions</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-default_005ftexsizes-_0040r_007bMake-variable_007d-318"><code>default_texsizes </code><span class="roman">Make variable</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Deutsch_002c-Peter-33">Deutsch, Peter</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-device-dependency_002c-and-virtual-fonts-328">device dependency, and virtual fonts</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007bCharStrings_007d-567">dictionary, <code>CharStrings</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dictionary_002c-PostScript-language-563">dictionary, PostScript language</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007bSDict_007d-458">dictionary, <code>SDict</code></a>: <a href="#Literal-headers">Literal headers</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007buserdict_007d-426">dictionary, <code>userdict</code></a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-distillation_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dz_007d-242">distillation, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-z</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-distiller_002c-for-PDF-files-477">distiller, for PDF files</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dot-accent-598">dot accent</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-double_002dsided-printing-98">double-sided printing</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-downloading-fonts-partially-662">downloading fonts partially</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-downloading-PostScript-fonts-646">downloading PostScript fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Doyle_002c-Mark-481">Doyle, Mark</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-draft-copies-464">draft copies</a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dual-paper-trays-352">dual paper trays</a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-duplex-printers-439">duplex printers</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-magnification-387">DVI magnification</a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvihps_0040r_007b_002c-hyperdvi-to-PostScript_007d-485"><code>dvihps</code><span class="roman">, hyperdvi to PostScript</span></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Dvips-configuration-file-options-269">Dvips configuration file options</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvips_002eenc-552"><code>dvips.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVIPSDEBUG-248"><code>DVIPSDEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVIPSFONTS-250"><code>DVIPSFONTS</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVIPSHEADERS-251"><code>DVIPSHEADERS</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVIPSHEADERS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-H-287"><code>DVIPSHEADERS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> H</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVIPSMAKEPK-252"><code>DVIPSMAKEPK</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVIPSRC-254"><code>DVIPSRC</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVIPSSIZES-255"><code>DVIPSSIZES</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVIPSSIZES_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-R-315"><code>DVIPSSIZES</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> R</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dynamic-creation-of-graphics-413">dynamic creation of graphics</a>: <a href="#Dynamic-creation-of-graphics">Dynamic creation of graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-e-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028maxdrift_0029_007d-276"><code>e </code><span class="roman">config command (maxdrift)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-E-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028shell-escape_0029_007d-277"><code>E </code><span class="roman">config command (shell escape)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-efficiency_002c-and-fonts-575">efficiency, and fonts</a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-device-dependency_002c-and-virtual-fonts-329">device dependency, and virtual fonts</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007bCharStrings_007d-568">dictionary, <code>CharStrings</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dictionary_002c-PostScript-language-564">dictionary, PostScript language</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007bSDict_007d-459">dictionary, <code>SDict</code></a>: <a href="#Literal-headers">Literal headers</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dictionary_002c-_0040code_007buserdict_007d-427">dictionary, <code>userdict</code></a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-distillation_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dz_007d-243">distillation, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-z</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-distiller_002c-for-PDF-files-478">distiller, for PDF files</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dot-accent-599">dot accent</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-double_002dsided-printing-99">double-sided printing</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-downloading-fonts-partially-663">downloading fonts partially</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-downloading-PostScript-fonts-647">downloading PostScript fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Doyle_002c-Mark-482">Doyle, Mark</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-draft-copies-465">draft copies</a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dual-paper-trays-353">dual paper trays</a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-duplex-printers-440">duplex printers</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-magnification-388">DVI magnification</a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvihps_0040r_007b_002c-hyperdvi-to-PostScript_007d-486"><code>dvihps</code><span class="roman">, hyperdvi to PostScript</span></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Dvips-configuration-file-options-270">Dvips configuration file options</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvips_002eenc-553"><code>dvips.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVIPSDEBUG-249"><code>DVIPSDEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVIPSFONTS-251"><code>DVIPSFONTS</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVIPSHEADERS-252"><code>DVIPSHEADERS</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVIPSHEADERS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-H-288"><code>DVIPSHEADERS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> H</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVIPSMAKEPK-253"><code>DVIPSMAKEPK</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVIPSRC-255"><code>DVIPSRC</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVIPSSIZES-256"><code>DVIPSSIZES</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVIPSSIZES_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-R-316"><code>DVIPSSIZES</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> R</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dynamic-creation-of-graphics-414">dynamic creation of graphics</a>: <a href="#Dynamic-creation-of-graphics">Dynamic creation of graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-e-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028maxdrift_0029_007d-277"><code>e </code><span class="roman">config command (maxdrift)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-E-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028shell-escape_0029_007d-278"><code>E </code><span class="roman">config command (shell escape)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-efficiency_002c-and-fonts-576">efficiency, and fonts</a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> <li><a href="#index-ehandler_002eps-54"><code>ehandler.ps</code></a>: <a href="#No-output">No output</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-embedding-Type-1-fonts-490">embedding Type 1 fonts</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-encoding-changes-580">encoding changes</a>: <a href="#Changing-font-encodings">Changing font encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-encoding-file-format-606">encoding file format</a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-encoding-files-550">encoding files</a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Encoding-_0040r_007bType-1-dictionary_007d-565"><code>Encoding </code><span class="roman">Type 1 dictionary</span></a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-encoding-vectors_002c-defined-551">encoding vectors, defined</a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-encoding-vectors_002c-in-Type-1-fonts-564">encoding vectors, in Type 1 fonts</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-encodings-547">encodings</a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-end_002dhook-463"><code>end-hook</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-environment-variables-247">environment variables</a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-EOF-124">EOF</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-eop_002dhook-461"><code>eop-hook</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-embedding-Type-1-fonts-491">embedding Type 1 fonts</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-encoding-changes-581">encoding changes</a>: <a href="#Changing-font-encodings">Changing font encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-encoding-file-format-607">encoding file format</a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-encoding-files-551">encoding files</a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Encoding-_0040r_007bType-1-dictionary_007d-566"><code>Encoding </code><span class="roman">Type 1 dictionary</span></a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-encoding-vectors_002c-defined-552">encoding vectors, defined</a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-encoding-vectors_002c-in-Type-1-fonts-565">encoding vectors, in Type 1 fonts</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-encodings-548">encodings</a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-end_002dhook-464"><code>end-hook</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-environment-variables-248">environment variables</a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-EOF-125">EOF</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-eop_002dhook-462"><code>eop-hook</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> <li><a href="#index-EPS_002c-and-Ghostview-43">EPS, and Ghostview</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-EPSF-macros-372">EPSF macros</a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-EPSF_002c-generating-115">EPSF, generating</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-epsf_002esty-375"><code>epsf.sty</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-epsf_002etex-374"><code>epsf.tex</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-EPSF-macros-373">EPSF macros</a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-EPSF_002c-generating-116">EPSF, generating</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-epsf_002esty-376"><code>epsf.sty</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-epsf_002etex-375"><code>epsf.tex</code></a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Epson-printers-34">Epson printers</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-error-messages-from-printer-64">error messages from printer</a>: <a href="#Printer-errors">Printer errors</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-even-pages-only-97">even pages only</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-examples-of-literal-PostScript-469">examples of literal PostScript</a>: <a href="#Literal-examples">Literal examples</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-expanded-fonts-650">expanded fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-expanded-fonts-632">expanded fonts</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-expanded-fonts-618">expanded fonts</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-expansion_002c-of-virtual-fonts-545">expansion, of virtual fonts</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-extended-URL-499">extended URL</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ExtendFont-620"><code>ExtendFont</code></a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-extra-characters_002c-accessing-591">extra characters, accessing</a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-F-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028filter_0029_007d-282"><code>F </code><span class="roman">config command (filter)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-f-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028filter_0029_007d-281"><code>f </code><span class="roman">config command (filter)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-even-pages-only-98">even pages only</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-examples-of-literal-PostScript-470">examples of literal PostScript</a>: <a href="#Literal-examples">Literal examples</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-expanded-fonts-651">expanded fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-expanded-fonts-633">expanded fonts</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-expanded-fonts-619">expanded fonts</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-expansion_002c-of-virtual-fonts-546">expansion, of virtual fonts</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-extended-URL-500">extended URL</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ExtendFont-621"><code>ExtendFont</code></a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-extra-characters_002c-accessing-592">extra characters, accessing</a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-F-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028filter_0029_007d-283"><code>F </code><span class="roman">config command (filter)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-f-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028filter_0029_007d-282"><code>f </code><span class="roman">config command (filter)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> <li><a href="#index-failure_002c-and-printer-errors-65">failure, and printer errors</a>: <a href="#Printer-errors">Printer errors</a></li> <li><a href="#index-failure_002c-of-long-documents-71">failure, of long documents</a>: <a href="#Long-documents-fail">Long documents fail</a></li> <li><a href="#index-failure_002c-to-include-graphics-74">failure, to include graphics</a>: <a href="#Including-graphics-fails">Including graphics fails</a></li> <li><a href="#index-failure_002c-to-print-at-all-53">failure, to print at all</a>: <a href="#No-output">No output</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fallback-resolutions-312">fallback resolutions</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-figures-and-fonts-417">figures and fonts</a>: <a href="#Fonts-in-figures">Fonts in figures</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-figures_002c-natural-size-379">figures, natural size</a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-figures_002c-scaling-383">figures, scaling</a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-filter_002c-running-as-a-119">filter, running as a</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-first-page-printed-189">first page printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-concepts-511">font concepts</a>: <a href="#Font-concepts">Font concepts</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-generation_002c-avoiding-157">font generation, avoiding</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fontinst-577"><code>fontinst</code></a>: <a href="#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-as-header-files-431">fonts, as header files</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-changing-encoding-of-581">fonts, changing encoding of</a>: <a href="#Changing-font-encodings">Changing font encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-downloading-647">fonts, downloading</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-expanded-619">fonts, expanded</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-in-PostScript-figures-418">fonts, in PostScript figures</a>: <a href="#Fonts-in-figures">Fonts in figures</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fallback-resolutions-313">fallback resolutions</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-figures-and-fonts-418">figures and fonts</a>: <a href="#Fonts-in-figures">Fonts in figures</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-figures_002c-natural-size-380">figures, natural size</a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-figures_002c-scaling-384">figures, scaling</a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-filter_002c-running-as-a-120">filter, running as a</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-first-page-printed-190">first page printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-concepts-512">font concepts</a>: <a href="#Font-concepts">Font concepts</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-generation_002c-avoiding-158">font generation, avoiding</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fontinst-578"><code>fontinst</code></a>: <a href="#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-as-header-files-432">fonts, as header files</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-changing-encoding-of-582">fonts, changing encoding of</a>: <a href="#Changing-font-encodings">Changing font encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-downloading-648">fonts, downloading</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-expanded-620">fonts, expanded</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-in-PostScript-figures-419">fonts, in PostScript figures</a>: <a href="#Fonts-in-figures">Fonts in figures</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-installation-of-PostScript-15">fonts, installation of PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-installing-571">fonts, installing</a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-outlined-625">fonts, outlined</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-slanted-615">fonts, slanted</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-small-caps-622">fonts, small caps</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-installing-572">fonts, installing</a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-outlined-626">fonts, outlined</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-slanted-616">fonts, slanted</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-small-caps-623">fonts, small caps</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-system-PostScript-27">fonts, system PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-G-_0040r_007bcharacter-shifting-config-command_007d-283"><code>G </code><span class="roman">character shifting config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gf-files-539">gf files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gftopk-540"><code>gftopk</code></a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-G-_0040r_007bcharacter-shifting-config-command_007d-284"><code>G </code><span class="roman">character shifting config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gf-files-540">gf files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gftopk-541"><code>gftopk</code></a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Ghostscript-installation-31">Ghostscript installation</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-ghostview-41"><code>ghostview</code></a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Ghostview_002c-and-no-_0040samp_007bN_007d-42">Ghostview, and no ‘<samp><span class="samp">N</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-glyph-files-525">glyph files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GLYPHFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-306"><code>GLYPHFONTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> P</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-glyph-files-526">glyph files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GLYPHFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-307"><code>GLYPHFONTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> P</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> <li><a href="#index-GNU-Ghostscript-39">GNU Ghostscript</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gnuplot-416"><code>gnuplot</code></a>: <a href="#Dynamic-creation-of-graphics">Dynamic creation of graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gnuplot-417"><code>gnuplot</code></a>: <a href="#Dynamic-creation-of-graphics">Dynamic creation of graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-graphics-inclusion-fails-73">graphics inclusion fails</a>: <a href="#Including-graphics-fails">Including graphics fails</a></li> <li><a href="#index-gs-_0040r_007binstallation_007d-32"><code>gs </code><span class="roman">installation</span></a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gsave_0040r_007b_002f_007dgrestore_0040r_007b_002c-and-literal-PS_007d-471"><code>gsave</code><span class="roman">/</span><code>grestore</code><span class="roman">, and literal PS</span></a>: <a href="#Literal-examples">Literal examples</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gsftopk-231"><code>gsftopk</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-h-_0040r_007bheader-downloading-config-command_007d-284"><code>h </code><span class="roman">header downloading config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-H-_0040r_007bheader-path-config-command_007d-285"><code>H </code><span class="roman">header path config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Hafner_002c-Jim-668">Hafner, Jim</a>: <a href="#Color">Color</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-header-file_002c-downloading-132">header file, downloading</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-header-files_002c-defined-420">header files, defined</a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-header-path_002c-defining-286">header path, defining</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-header_003d_0040var_007bfile_007d-_005cspecial-428"><code>header=</code><var>file</var><code> \special</code></a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-headers-and-memory-usage-442">headers and memory usage</a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-headers_002c-including-from-the-command-line-438">headers, including from the command line</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-headers_002c-including-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-430">headers, including in TeX</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hints-568">hints</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hoffset-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-397"><code>hoffset </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gsave_0040r_007b_002f_007dgrestore_0040r_007b_002c-and-literal-PS_007d-472"><code>gsave</code><span class="roman">/</span><code>grestore</code><span class="roman">, and literal PS</span></a>: <a href="#Literal-examples">Literal examples</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gsftopk-232"><code>gsftopk</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-h-_0040r_007bheader-downloading-config-command_007d-285"><code>h </code><span class="roman">header downloading config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-H-_0040r_007bheader-path-config-command_007d-286"><code>H </code><span class="roman">header path config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Hafner_002c-Jim-669">Hafner, Jim</a>: <a href="#Color">Color</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-header-file_002c-downloading-133">header file, downloading</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-header-files_002c-defined-421">header files, defined</a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-header-path_002c-defining-287">header path, defining</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-header_003d_0040var_007bfile_007d-_005cspecial-429"><code>header=</code><var>file</var><code> \special</code></a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-headers-and-memory-usage-443">headers and memory usage</a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-headers_002c-including-from-the-command-line-439">headers, including from the command line</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-headers_002c-including-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-431">headers, including in TeX</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hints-569">hints</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hoffset-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-398"><code>hoffset </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> <li><a href="#index-HP-printers-and-Type-1-fonts-30">HP printers and Type 1 fonts</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-HP4Si-printer-and-paper-trays-354">HP4Si printer and paper trays</a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-href-503"><code>href</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hscale-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-401"><code>hscale </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hsize-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-399"><code>hsize </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-html-_0040r_007bspecials_007d-475"><code>html </code><span class="roman">specials</span></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-html-_0040r_007bspecials_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dz_007d_007d-244"><code>html </code><span class="roman">specials, and ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">-z</span></samp><span class="roman">’</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040code_007bhttp_003a_002f_002fwww_002ewin_002etue_002enl_002f_007edickie_002fidvi_007d-479"><code>http://www.win.tue.nl/~dickie/idvi</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040code_007bhttp_003a_002f_002fxxx_002elanl_002egov_002fhypertex_007d-480"><code>http://xxx.lanl.gov/hypertex</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Hungarian-umlaut-597">Hungarian umlaut</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hyperdvi-extensions_002c-enabling-241">hyperdvi extensions, enabling</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hypertext-and-bitmap-fonts-488">hypertext and bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hypertext-caveats-486">hypertext caveats</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hypertext-specials-495">hypertext specials</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hypertext-support-473">hypertext support</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-i-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028pages_002fsection_0029_007d-288"><code>i </code><span class="roman">config command (pages/section)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-idvi-_0040r_007bJava-DVI-reader_007d-484"><code>idvi </code><span class="roman">Java DVI reader</span></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-HP4Si-printer-and-paper-trays-355">HP4Si printer and paper trays</a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-href-504"><code>href</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hscale-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-402"><code>hscale </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hsize-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-400"><code>hsize </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-html-_0040r_007bspecials_007d-476"><code>html </code><span class="roman">specials</span></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-html-_0040r_007bspecials_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dz_007d_007d-245"><code>html </code><span class="roman">specials, and ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">-z</span></samp><span class="roman">’</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040code_007bhttp_003a_002f_002fwww_002ewin_002etue_002enl_002f_007edickie_002fidvi_007d-480"><code>http://www.win.tue.nl/~dickie/idvi</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040code_007bhttp_003a_002f_002fxxx_002elanl_002egov_002fhypertex_007d-481"><code>http://xxx.lanl.gov/hypertex</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Hungarian-umlaut-598">Hungarian umlaut</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hyperdvi-extensions_002c-enabling-242">hyperdvi extensions, enabling</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hypertext-and-bitmap-fonts-489">hypertext and bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hypertext-caveats-487">hypertext caveats</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hypertext-specials-496">hypertext specials</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hypertext-support-474">hypertext support</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-i-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028pages_002fsection_0029_007d-289"><code>i </code><span class="roman">config command (pages/section)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-idvi-_0040r_007bJava-DVI-reader_007d-485"><code>idvi </code><span class="roman">Java DVI reader</span></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Illustrator_002c-workaround-for-75">Illustrator, workaround for</a>: <a href="#Including-graphics-fails">Including graphics fails</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-img-507"><code>img</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-img-508"><code>img</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> <li><a href="#index-including-graphics-fails-72">including graphics fails</a>: <a href="#Including-graphics-fails">Including graphics fails</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-including-headers-from-the-command-line-436">including headers from the command line</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-including-headers-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-427">including headers in TeX</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-including-headers-from-the-command-line-437">including headers from the command line</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-including-headers-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-428">including headers in TeX</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-installation-of-_0040file_007bconfig_002eps_007d-6">installation of <samp><span class="file">config.ps</span></samp></a>: <a href="#config_002eps-installation">config.ps installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-installation-of-PostScript-fonts-14">installation of PostScript fonts</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-installation_002c-of-Dvips-4">installation, of Dvips</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-installing-fonts-570">installing fonts</a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-interaction-with-PostScript-357">interaction with PostScript</a>: <a href="#Interaction-with-PostScript">Interaction with PostScript</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-installing-fonts-571">installing fonts</a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-interaction-with-PostScript-358">interaction with PostScript</a>: <a href="#Interaction-with-PostScript">Interaction with PostScript</a></li> <li><a href="#index-inverted-output-60">inverted output</a>: <a href="#Small-or-inverted">Small or inverted</a></li> <li><a href="#index-invoking-Dvips-79">invoking Dvips</a>: <a href="#Invoking-Dvips">Invoking Dvips</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-j-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028partial-font-downloading_0029_007d-289"><code>j </code><span class="roman">config command (partial font downloading)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Java-DVI-reader-483">Java DVI reader</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Jeffrey_002c-Alan-579">Jeffrey, Alan</a>: <a href="#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-K-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028comment_002dremoval_0029_007d-290"><code>K </code><span class="roman">config command (comment-removal)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-kerning_002c-defined-513">kerning, defined</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-KPATHSEA_005fDEBUG-249"><code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-landscape-orientation_002c-defined-336">landscape orientation, defined</a>: <a href="#Paper-size-and-landscape">Paper size and landscape</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-landscape-papertype-220">landscape papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-landscape_0040r_007b_002c-as-_0040code_007b_005cspecial_007d_007d-339"><code>landscape</code><span class="roman">, as </span><code>\special</code></a>: <a href="#papersize-special">papersize special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-last-page-printed-146">last page printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-last_002dresort-font-scaling_002c-with-_0040code_007bDVIPSSIZES_007d-256">last-resort font scaling, with <code>DVIPSSIZES</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-last_002dresort-scaling_002c-with-_0040code_007bR_007d-314">last-resort scaling, with <code>R</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ledger-papertype-217">ledger papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-legal-papertype-216">legal papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-letter-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-347"><code>letter </code><span class="roman">paper size</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-letter-papertype-215">letter papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-letterhead-tray-356">letterhead tray</a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-letterSize-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-349"><code>letterSize </code><span class="roman">paper size</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ligature-operations-610">ligature operations</a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ligature_002c-defined-514">ligature, defined</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-LIGKERN-_0040r_007bencoding-file-command_007d-608"><code>LIGKERN </code><span class="roman">encoding file command</span></a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-lines-in-figures_002c-wrong-width-395">lines in figures, wrong width</a>: <a href="#EPSF-clipping">EPSF clipping</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-links_002c-hypertext-504">links, hypertext</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-literal-headers-455">literal headers</a>: <a href="#Literal-headers">Literal headers</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-literal-PostScript_002c-examples-468">literal PostScript, examples</a>: <a href="#Literal-examples">Literal examples</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-literal-PostScript_002c-using-448">literal PostScript, using</a>: <a href="#Literal-PS">Literal PS</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-llx-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-405"><code>llx </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-lly-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-406"><code>lly </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-j-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028partial-font-downloading_0029_007d-290"><code>j </code><span class="roman">config command (partial font downloading)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Java-DVI-reader-484">Java DVI reader</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Jeffrey_002c-Alan-580">Jeffrey, Alan</a>: <a href="#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-K-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028comment_002dremoval_0029_007d-291"><code>K </code><span class="roman">config command (comment-removal)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-kerning_002c-defined-514">kerning, defined</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-KPATHSEA_005fDEBUG-250"><code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-landscape-orientation_002c-defined-337">landscape orientation, defined</a>: <a href="#Paper-size-and-landscape">Paper size and landscape</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-landscape-papertype-221">landscape papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-landscape_0040r_007b_002c-as-_0040code_007b_005cspecial_007d_007d-340"><code>landscape</code><span class="roman">, as </span><code>\special</code></a>: <a href="#papersize-special">papersize special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-last-page-printed-147">last page printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-last_002dresort-font-scaling_002c-with-_0040code_007bDVIPSSIZES_007d-257">last-resort font scaling, with <code>DVIPSSIZES</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-last_002dresort-scaling_002c-with-_0040code_007bR_007d-315">last-resort scaling, with <code>R</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ledger-papertype-218">ledger papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-legal-papertype-217">legal papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-letter-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-348"><code>letter </code><span class="roman">paper size</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-letter-papertype-216">letter papertype</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-letterhead-tray-357">letterhead tray</a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-letterSize-_0040r_007bpaper-size_007d-350"><code>letterSize </code><span class="roman">paper size</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ligature-operations-611">ligature operations</a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ligature_002c-defined-515">ligature, defined</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-LIGKERN-_0040r_007bencoding-file-command_007d-609"><code>LIGKERN </code><span class="roman">encoding file command</span></a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-lines-in-figures_002c-wrong-width-396">lines in figures, wrong width</a>: <a href="#EPSF-clipping">EPSF clipping</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-links_002c-hypertext-505">links, hypertext</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-literal-headers-456">literal headers</a>: <a href="#Literal-headers">Literal headers</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-literal-PostScript_002c-examples-469">literal PostScript, examples</a>: <a href="#Literal-examples">Literal examples</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-literal-PostScript_002c-using-449">literal PostScript, using</a>: <a href="#Literal-PS">Literal PS</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-llx-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-406"><code>llx </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-lly-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-407"><code>lly </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> <li><a href="#index-long-documents-not-printing-70">long documents not printing</a>: <a href="#Long-documents-fail">Long documents fail</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-low-characters_002c-shifting-129">low characters, shifting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-lpr-spooler_002c-MS_002dDOS-emulation-181">lpr spooler, MS-DOS emulation</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-low-characters_002c-shifting-130">low characters, shifting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-lpr-spooler_002c-MS_002dDOS-emulation-182">lpr spooler, MS-DOS emulation</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Lucida_002c-installing-19">Lucida, installing</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-m-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028available-memory_0029_007d-291"><code>m </code><span class="roman">config command (available memory)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-M-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028mf-mode_0029_007d-294"><code>M </code><span class="roman">config command (mf mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-macros-for-color-669">macros for color</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-macros-for-epsf-inclusion-373">macros for epsf inclusion</a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-macros-for-epsf-inclusion-370">macros for epsf inclusion</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cincludegraphics">\includegraphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-magnification_002c-DVI-388">magnification, DVI</a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-magnification_002c-overriding-DVI-234">magnification, overriding DVI</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-magnification_002c-vertical-237">magnification, vertical</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mailcap-_0040r_007band-hypertext_007d-508"><code>mailcap </code><span class="roman">and hypertext</span></a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-manual-feed-151">manual feed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-maxdrift-111">maxdrift</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-maximum-pages-printed-163">maximum pages printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-media-214">media</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-memory-available-292">memory available</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-m-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028available-memory_0029_007d-292"><code>m </code><span class="roman">config command (available memory)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-M-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028mf-mode_0029_007d-295"><code>M </code><span class="roman">config command (mf mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-macros-for-color-670">macros for color</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-macros-for-epsf-inclusion-374">macros for epsf inclusion</a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-macros-for-epsf-inclusion-371">macros for epsf inclusion</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cincludegraphics">\includegraphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-magnification_002c-DVI-389">magnification, DVI</a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-magnification_002c-overriding-DVI-235">magnification, overriding DVI</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-magnification_002c-vertical-238">magnification, vertical</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mailcap-_0040r_007band-hypertext_007d-509"><code>mailcap </code><span class="roman">and hypertext</span></a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-manual-feed-152">manual feed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-maxdrift-112">maxdrift</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-maximum-pages-printed-164">maximum pages printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-media-215">media</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-memory-available-293">memory available</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> <li><a href="#index-memory-of-printer-exhausted-69">memory of printer exhausted</a>: <a href="#Printer-errors">Printer errors</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-memory-usage_002c-and-headers-443">memory usage, and headers</a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-memory_002c-conserving-89">memory, conserving</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-memory_002c-used-by-PostScript-fonts-574">memory, used by PostScript fonts</a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-ligature-operations-611">Metafont ligature operations</a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-mode_002c-specifying-155">Metafont mode, specifying</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-source-files-536">Metafont source files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-metric-files-512">metric files</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Minion-typeface-family-665">Minion typeface family</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-missfont_002elog-159"><code>missfont.log</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MISSFONT_005fLOG-161"><code>MISSFONT_LOG</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-memory-usage_002c-and-headers-444">memory usage, and headers</a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-memory_002c-conserving-90">memory, conserving</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-memory_002c-used-by-PostScript-fonts-575">memory, used by PostScript fonts</a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-ligature-operations-612">Metafont ligature operations</a>: <a href="#Encoding-file-format">Encoding file format</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-mode_002c-specifying-156">Metafont mode, specifying</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-source-files-537">Metafont source files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-metric-files-513">metric files</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Minion-typeface-family-666">Minion typeface family</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-missfont_002elog-160"><code>missfont.log</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MISSFONT_005fLOG-162"><code>MISSFONT_LOG</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Mitsubishi-Shinko-CHC_002dS446i-printer-57">Mitsubishi Shinko CHC-S446i printer</a>: <a href="#No-output">No output</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mkdvipspapers-345"><code>mkdvipspapers</code></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mktexpk_0040r_007b_002c-avoiding_007d-158"><code>mktexpk</code><span class="roman">, avoiding</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mktexpk_0040r_007b_002c-changing-name_007d-253"><code>mktexpk</code><span class="roman">, changing name</span></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mode-name_002c-specifying-154">mode name, specifying</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mkdvipspapers-346"><code>mkdvipspapers</code></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mktexpk_0040r_007b_002c-avoiding_007d-159"><code>mktexpk</code><span class="roman">, avoiding</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mktexpk_0040r_007b_002c-changing-name_007d-254"><code>mktexpk</code><span class="roman">, changing name</span></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mode-name_002c-specifying-155">mode name, specifying</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Monotype-fonts-20">Monotype fonts</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Monotype-fonts_002c-installing-24">Monotype fonts, installing</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mtpk-230"><code>mtpk</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-multiple-master-fonts-664">multiple master fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-multiple-output-files-136">multiple output files</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-multiple-paper-trays-353">multiple paper trays</a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Murphy_002c-Tim-501">Murphy, Tim</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-N-_0040r_007bEPS_002ddisabling-config-command_007d-295"><code>N </code><span class="roman">EPS-disabling config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-name-505"><code>name</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-narrow-fonts-652">narrow fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mtpk-231"><code>mtpk</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-multiple-master-fonts-665">multiple master fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-multiple-output-files-137">multiple output files</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-multiple-paper-trays-354">multiple paper trays</a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Murphy_002c-Tim-502">Murphy, Tim</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-N-_0040r_007bEPS_002ddisabling-config-command_007d-296"><code>N </code><span class="roman">EPS-disabling config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-name-506"><code>name</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-narrow-fonts-653">narrow fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> <li><a href="#index-no-output-at-all-52">no output at all</a>: <a href="#No-output">No output</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-non_002dprinting-characters_002c-shifting-130">non-printing characters, shifting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-non_002dresident-fonts-645">non-resident fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-nopaper_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-344"><code>nopaper</code><span class="roman">, paper format for ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp><span class="roman">’</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-O-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028offset_0029_007d-298"><code>O </code><span class="roman">config command (offset)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-o-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028output-file_0029_007d-296"><code>o </code><span class="roman">config command (output file)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-oblique-fonts-613">oblique fonts</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-octal-character-codes-635">octal character codes</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-odd-pages-only-91">odd pages only</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-offset-pages-184">offset pages</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Omega-extensions-170">Omega extensions</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-option_002c-details-of-82">option, details of</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-non_002dprinting-characters_002c-shifting-131">non-printing characters, shifting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-non_002dresident-fonts-646">non-resident fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-nopaper_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-345"><code>nopaper</code><span class="roman">, paper format for ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp><span class="roman">’</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-O-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028offset_0029_007d-299"><code>O </code><span class="roman">config command (offset)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-o-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028output-file_0029_007d-297"><code>o </code><span class="roman">config command (output file)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-oblique-fonts-614">oblique fonts</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-octal-character-codes-636">octal character codes</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-odd-pages-only-92">odd pages only</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-offset-pages-185">offset pages</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Omega-extensions-171">Omega extensions</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-option_002c-details-of-83">option, details of</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-options_002c-debugging-50">options, debugging</a>: <a href="#Debug-options">Debug options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-options_002c-Dvips-78">options, Dvips</a>: <a href="#Invoking-Dvips">Invoking Dvips</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-options_002c-reading-from-standard-input-84">options, reading from standard input</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-options_002c-summary-80">options, summary</a>: <a href="#Option-summary">Option summary</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-options_002c-to-Afm2tfm-626">options, to Afm2tfm</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-outline-fonts-624">outline fonts</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-outline-fonts-526">outline fonts</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-output-file_002c-sectioning-of-445">output file, sectioning of</a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-output-file_002c-setting-297">output file, setting</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-output-files_002c-multiple-137">output files, multiple</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-options_002c-reading-from-standard-input-85">options, reading from standard input</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-options_002c-summary-81">options, summary</a>: <a href="#Option-summary">Option summary</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-options_002c-to-Afm2tfm-627">options, to Afm2tfm</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-outline-fonts-625">outline fonts</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-outline-fonts-527">outline fonts</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-output-file_002c-sectioning-of-446">output file, sectioning of</a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-output-file_002c-setting-298">output file, setting</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-output-files_002c-multiple-138">output files, multiple</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-output_002c-inverted-59">output, inverted</a>: <a href="#Small-or-inverted">Small or inverted</a></li> <li><a href="#index-output_002c-none-51">output, none</a>: <a href="#No-output">No output</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-output_002c-redirecting-175">output, redirecting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-output_002c-redirecting-176">output, redirecting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-output_002c-too-small-58">output, too small</a>: <a href="#Small-or-inverted">Small or inverted</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-p-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028font-aliases_0029_007d-299"><code>p </code><span class="roman">config command (font aliases)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-P-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028PK-path_0029_007d-303"><code>P </code><span class="roman">config command (PK path)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-page-range-194">page range</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-page_002c-first-printed-190">page, first printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-page_002c-last-printed-147">page, last printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pages_002c-maximum-printed-164">pages, maximum printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PaintType-623"><code>PaintType</code></a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Pantone-colors-672">Pantone colors</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-paper-size-configuration-file-command-341">paper size configuration file command</a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-p-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028font-aliases_0029_007d-300"><code>p </code><span class="roman">config command (font aliases)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-P-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028PK-path_0029_007d-304"><code>P </code><span class="roman">config command (PK path)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-page-range-195">page range</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-page_002c-first-printed-191">page, first printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-page_002c-last-printed-148">page, last printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pages_002c-maximum-printed-165">pages, maximum printed</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PaintType-624"><code>PaintType</code></a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Pantone-colors-673">Pantone colors</a>: <a href="#Color-macro-files">Color macro files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-paper-size-configuration-file-command-342">paper size configuration file command</a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> <li><a href="#index-paper-size_002c-default-8">paper size, default</a>: <a href="#config_002eps-installation">config.ps installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-paper-size_002c-general-335">paper size, general</a>: <a href="#Paper-size-and-landscape">Paper size and landscape</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-paper-trays-351">paper trays</a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-paper-type-213">paper type</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-papersize-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-338"><code>papersize </code><span class="roman">special</span></a>: <a href="#papersize-special">papersize special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-papersize-special_002c-and-no-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d-221">papersize special, and no ‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-partial-font-downloading-661">partial font downloading</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PDF-files_002c-font-quality-491">PDF files, font quality</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PDF-files_002c-making-478">PDF files, making</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-paper-size_002c-general-336">paper size, general</a>: <a href="#Paper-size-and-landscape">Paper size and landscape</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-paper-trays-352">paper trays</a>: <a href="#Paper-trays">Paper trays</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-paper-type-214">paper type</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-papersize-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-339"><code>papersize </code><span class="roman">special</span></a>: <a href="#papersize-special">papersize special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-papersize-special_002c-and-no-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d-222">papersize special, and no ‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-partial-font-downloading-662">partial font downloading</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PDF-files_002c-font-quality-492">PDF files, font quality</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PDF-files_002c-making-479">PDF files, making</a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> <li><a href="#index-PDF-files_002c-making-37">PDF files, making</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PDF-files_002c-option-for-243">PDF files, option for</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pdfmark-476"><code>pdfmark</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pfa-files-530">pfa files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pfb-files-531">pfb files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pfb-files_002c-automatically-unpacked-660">pfb files, automatically unpacked</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pfm-files-523">pfm files</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Phaser-printer_002c-used-for-color-calibration-682">Phaser printer, used for color calibration</a>: <a href="#Color-device-configuration">Color device configuration</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dl_007d-148">physical page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-191">physical page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040code_007bbop_002dhook_007d-466">physical page number, and <code>bop-hook</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pipes_002c-not-readable-121">pipes, not readable</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pk-files-537">pk files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PKFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-304"><code>PKFONTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> P</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plotfile_0040r_007b_002c-_0040samp_007bps_007d-subspecial_007d-453"><code>plotfile</code><span class="roman">, ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">ps</span></samp><span class="roman">’ subspecial</span></a>: <a href="#ps-special">ps special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pltotf-521"><code>pltotf</code></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-popen-_0040r_007bfor-output_007d-177"><code>popen </code><span class="roman">for output</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-portrait-orientation_002c-defined-337">portrait orientation, defined</a>: <a href="#Paper-size-and-landscape">Paper size and landscape</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-positioning-accuracy-113">positioning accuracy</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-post-_0040r_007bcode-after-headers_007d-435"><code>post </code><span class="roman">code after headers</span></a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-code_002c-literal-449">PostScript code, literal</a>: <a href="#Literal-PS">Literal PS</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-encoding-549">PostScript encoding</a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-encoding_002c-changing-587">PostScript encoding, changing</a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-font-alias-file-300">PostScript font alias file</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-font-alias-file-224">PostScript font alias file</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-fonts-510">PostScript fonts</a>: <a href="#PostScript-fonts">PostScript fonts</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PDF-files_002c-option-for-244">PDF files, option for</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pdfmark-477"><code>pdfmark</code></a>: <a href="#Hypertext">Hypertext</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pfa-files-531">pfa files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pfb-files-532">pfb files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pfb-files_002c-automatically-unpacked-661">pfb files, automatically unpacked</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pfm-files-524">pfm files</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Phaser-printer_002c-used-for-color-calibration-683">Phaser printer, used for color calibration</a>: <a href="#Color-device-configuration">Color device configuration</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dl_007d-149">physical page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040samp_007b_002dp_007d-192">physical page number, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-physical-page-number_002c-and-_0040code_007bbop_002dhook_007d-467">physical page number, and <code>bop-hook</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pipes_002c-not-readable-122">pipes, not readable</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pk-files-538">pk files</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PKFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-305"><code>PKFONTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> P</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plotfile_0040r_007b_002c-_0040samp_007bps_007d-subspecial_007d-454"><code>plotfile</code><span class="roman">, ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">ps</span></samp><span class="roman">’ subspecial</span></a>: <a href="#ps-special">ps special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pltotf-522"><code>pltotf</code></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-popen-_0040r_007bfor-output_007d-178"><code>popen </code><span class="roman">for output</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-portrait-orientation_002c-defined-338">portrait orientation, defined</a>: <a href="#Paper-size-and-landscape">Paper size and landscape</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-positioning-accuracy-114">positioning accuracy</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-post-_0040r_007bcode-after-headers_007d-436"><code>post </code><span class="roman">code after headers</span></a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-code_002c-literal-450">PostScript code, literal</a>: <a href="#Literal-PS">Literal PS</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-encoding-550">PostScript encoding</a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-encoding_002c-changing-588">PostScript encoding, changing</a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-font-alias-file-301">PostScript font alias file</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-font-alias-file-225">PostScript font alias file</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-fonts-511">PostScript fonts</a>: <a href="#PostScript-fonts">PostScript fonts</a></li> <li><a href="#index-PostScript-fonts_002c-installing-16">PostScript fonts, installing</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-PostScript-fonts_002c-on-your-system-28">PostScript fonts, on your system</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-header-files-421">PostScript header files</a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-hooks-459">PostScript hooks</a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-interaction-358">PostScript interaction</a>: <a href="#Interaction-with-PostScript">Interaction with PostScript</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-header-files-422">PostScript header files</a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-hooks-460">PostScript hooks</a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-interaction-359">PostScript interaction</a>: <a href="#Interaction-with-PostScript">Interaction with PostScript</a></li> <li><a href="#index-PostScript-previewers-36">PostScript previewers</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-units-361">PostScript units</a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-units-362">PostScript units</a>: <a href="#Bounding-box">Bounding box</a></li> <li><a href="#index-PowerPage-PostScript-implementation-55">PowerPage PostScript implementation</a>: <a href="#No-output">No output</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pre-_0040r_007bcode-before-headers_007d-434"><code>pre </code><span class="roman">code before headers</span></a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pre-_0040r_007bcode-before-headers_007d-435"><code>pre </code><span class="roman">code before headers</span></a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-previewing-Dvips-output-35">previewing Dvips output</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PRINTER-257"><code>PRINTER</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PRINTER-258"><code>PRINTER</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> <li><a href="#index-printer-configuration-7">printer configuration</a>: <a href="#config_002eps-installation">config.ps installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-printer-configuration-file_002c-prototype-12">printer configuration file, prototype</a>: <a href="#config_002eps-installation">config.ps installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-printer-errors-63">printer errors</a>: <a href="#Printer-errors">Printer errors</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-printer-memory-293">printer memory</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-printer-memory-294">printer memory</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> <li><a href="#index-printer-memory-exhausted-68">printer memory exhausted</a>: <a href="#Printer-errors">Printer errors</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-printer-offset-185">printer offset</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PRINTER_0040r_007b_002c-and-config-file-searching_007d-267"><code>PRINTER</code><span class="roman">, and config file searching</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PRINTER_0040r_007b_002c-avoided-with-_0040samp_007b_002df_007d_007d-122"><code>PRINTER</code><span class="roman">, avoided with ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">-f</span></samp><span class="roman">’</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-printer_002c-driving-directly-126">printer, driving directly</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-printer-offset-186">printer offset</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PRINTER_0040r_007b_002c-and-config-file-searching_007d-268"><code>PRINTER</code><span class="roman">, and config file searching</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PRINTER_0040r_007b_002c-avoided-with-_0040samp_007b_002df_007d_007d-123"><code>PRINTER</code><span class="roman">, avoided with ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">-f</span></samp><span class="roman">’</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-printer_002c-driving-directly-127">printer, driving directly</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-problems-46">problems</a>: <a href="#Diagnosing-problems">Diagnosing problems</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-property-list-files-519">property list files</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-property-list-files-520">property list files</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-prototype-printer-configuration-file-11">prototype printer configuration file</a>: <a href="#config_002eps-installation">config.ps installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ps-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-451"><code>ps </code><span class="roman">special</span></a>: <a href="#ps-special">ps special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-psfile-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-396"><code>psfile </code><span class="roman">special</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-psfonts_002emap-644"><code>psfonts.map</code></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-psfonts_002emap-617"><code>psfonts.map</code></a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ps-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-452"><code>ps </code><span class="roman">special</span></a>: <a href="#ps-special">ps special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-psfile-_0040r_007bspecial_007d-397"><code>psfile </code><span class="roman">special</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-psfonts_002emap-645"><code>psfonts.map</code></a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-psfonts_002emap-618"><code>psfonts.map</code></a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> <li><a href="#index-psfonts_002emap-29"><code>psfonts.map</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-psheaderdir-422"><code>psheaderdir</code></a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-psi-character-missing-492">psi character missing</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pstopk-232"><code>pstopk</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-p_0040TeX_007b_007d-extensions-171">pTeX extensions</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Q-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028quiet_0029_007d-309"><code>Q </code><span class="roman">config command (quiet)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-q-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028quiet_0029_007d-308"><code>q </code><span class="roman">config command (quiet)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-quiet-operation-199">quiet operation</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-r-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028page-reversal_0029_007d-310"><code>r </code><span class="roman">config command (page reversal)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-R-_0040r_007bfallback-resolution-config-command_007d-311"><code>R </code><span class="roman">fallback resolution config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-reencode_002f_002a_002eenc-557"><code>reencode/*.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-reencoding-594">reencoding</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-reencoding-PostScript-fonts-653">reencoding PostScript fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-registered-_0040r_007bcharacter_002c-accessing_007d-590"><code>registered </code><span class="roman">character, accessing</span></a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-remapping-595">remapping</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-resident-fonts_002c-different-in-different-printers-301">resident fonts, different in different printers</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-resident-fonts_002c-different-in-different-printers-225">resident fonts, different in different printers</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-resolution-236">resolution</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-resolution_002c-setting-109">resolution, setting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-reverse-pagination-203">reverse pagination</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-rhi-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-409"><code>rhi </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-psheaderdir-423"><code>psheaderdir</code></a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-psi-character-missing-493">psi character missing</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pstopk-233"><code>pstopk</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-p_0040TeX_007b_007d-extensions-172">pTeX extensions</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Q-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028quiet_0029_007d-310"><code>Q </code><span class="roman">config command (quiet)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-q-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028quiet_0029_007d-309"><code>q </code><span class="roman">config command (quiet)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-quiet-operation-200">quiet operation</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-r-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028page-reversal_0029_007d-311"><code>r </code><span class="roman">config command (page reversal)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-R-_0040r_007bfallback-resolution-config-command_007d-312"><code>R </code><span class="roman">fallback resolution config command</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-reencode_002f_002a_002eenc-558"><code>reencode/*.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-reencoding-595">reencoding</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-reencoding-PostScript-fonts-654">reencoding PostScript fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-registered-_0040r_007bcharacter_002c-accessing_007d-591"><code>registered </code><span class="roman">character, accessing</span></a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-remapping-596">remapping</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-resident-fonts_002c-different-in-different-printers-302">resident fonts, different in different printers</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-resident-fonts_002c-different-in-different-printers-226">resident fonts, different in different printers</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-resolution-237">resolution</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-resolution_002c-setting-110">resolution, setting</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-reverse-pagination-204">reverse pagination</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-rhi-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-410"><code>rhi </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Rokicki_002c-Tomas-1">Rokicki, Tomas</a>: <a href="#Why-Dvips">Why Dvips</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-rotate_002etex-454"><code>rotate.tex</code></a>: <a href="#ps-special">ps special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-rwi-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-410"><code>rwi </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-S-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028pict-path_0029_007d-319"><code>S </code><span class="roman">config command (pict path)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-s-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028save_002frestore_0029_007d-318"><code>s </code><span class="roman">config command (save/restore)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-rotate_002etex-455"><code>rotate.tex</code></a>: <a href="#ps-special">ps special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-rwi-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-411"><code>rwi </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-S-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028pict-path_0029_007d-320"><code>S </code><span class="roman">config command (pict path)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-s-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028save_002frestore_0029_007d-319"><code>s </code><span class="roman">config command (save/restore)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> <li><a href="#index-save_002frestore_002c-and-inverted-output-62">save/restore, and inverted output</a>: <a href="#Small-or-inverted">Small or inverted</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-save_0040r_007b_002f_007drestore_0040r_007b_002c-and-literal-PS_007d-472"><code>save</code><span class="roman">/</span><code>restore</code><span class="roman">, and literal PS</span></a>: <a href="#Literal-examples">Literal examples</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-save_002frestore_002c-and-specials-452">save/restore, and specials</a>: <a href="#ps-special">ps special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-save_002frestore_002c-generating-global-210">save/restore, generating global</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-scaleunit-411"><code>scaleunit</code></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-scaling-of-figures-382">scaling of figures</a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-scaling-small-caps-630">scaling small caps</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Scandinavian-A-ring-599">Scandinavian A ring</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-screen-frequencies_002c-setting-441">screen frequencies, setting</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-SDict-412"><code>SDict</code></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-SDict-_0040r_007bdictionary_007d-456"><code>SDict </code><span class="roman">dictionary</span></a>: <a href="#Literal-headers">Literal headers</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-searching-config-files_002c-order-of-263">searching config files, order of</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-sections-of-output-file_002c-and-memory-444">sections of output file, and memory</a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-sections-output_002c-in-separate-files-135">sections output, in separate files</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-security-205">security</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-shell-command-execution_002c-disabling-206">shell command execution, disabling</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-shell-escape_002c-in-config-file-280">shell escape, in config file</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-save_0040r_007b_002f_007drestore_0040r_007b_002c-and-literal-PS_007d-473"><code>save</code><span class="roman">/</span><code>restore</code><span class="roman">, and literal PS</span></a>: <a href="#Literal-examples">Literal examples</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-save_002frestore_002c-and-specials-453">save/restore, and specials</a>: <a href="#ps-special">ps special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-save_002frestore_002c-generating-global-211">save/restore, generating global</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-scaleunit-412"><code>scaleunit</code></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-scaling-of-figures-383">scaling of figures</a>: <a href="#EPSF-scaling">EPSF scaling</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-scaling-small-caps-631">scaling small caps</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Scandinavian-A-ring-600">Scandinavian A ring</a>: <a href="#Reencoding-with-Afm2tfm">Reencoding with Afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-screen-frequencies_002c-setting-442">screen frequencies, setting</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-SDict-413"><code>SDict</code></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-SDict-_0040r_007bdictionary_007d-457"><code>SDict </code><span class="roman">dictionary</span></a>: <a href="#Literal-headers">Literal headers</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-searching-config-files_002c-order-of-264">searching config files, order of</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-searching">Configuration file searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-sections-of-output-file_002c-and-memory-445">sections of output file, and memory</a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-sections-output_002c-in-separate-files-136">sections output, in separate files</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-security-206">security</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-shell-command-execution_002c-disabling-207">shell command execution, disabling</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-shell-escape_002c-in-config-file-281">shell escape, in config file</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Shinko-CHC_002dS446i-printer-56">Shinko CHC-S446i printer</a>: <a href="#No-output">No output</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-show-_0040r_007bPostScript-operator_007d-560"><code>show </code><span class="roman">PostScript operator</span></a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-silent-operation-200">silent operation</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-simplex-mode-on-duplex-printers-440">simplex mode on duplex printers</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-slanted-fonts-614">slanted fonts</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-slanted-fonts_002c-making-638">slanted fonts, making</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-SlantFont-616"><code>SlantFont</code></a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-small-caps-fonts-621">small caps fonts</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Smith_002c-Arthur-497">Smith, Arthur</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-show-_0040r_007bPostScript-operator_007d-561"><code>show </code><span class="roman">PostScript operator</span></a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-silent-operation-201">silent operation</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-simplex-mode-on-duplex-printers-441">simplex mode on duplex printers</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-the-command-line">Including headers from the command line</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-slanted-fonts-615">slanted fonts</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-slanted-fonts_002c-making-639">slanted fonts, making</a>: <a href="#Afm2tfm-options">Afm2tfm options</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-SlantFont-617"><code>SlantFont</code></a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-small-caps-fonts-622">small caps fonts</a>: <a href="#Special-font-effects">Special font effects</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Smith_002c-Arthur-498">Smith, Arthur</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Softkey-fonts-21">Softkey fonts</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Softkey-fonts_002c-installing-25">Softkey fonts, installing</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-spaces_002c-dropped-trailing-494">spaces, dropped trailing</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-specials_002c-hypertext-496">specials, hypertext</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-splines-528">splines</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-spooler_002c-lacking-127">spooler, lacking</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-spooling-to-lpr-on-MS_002dDOS-182">spooling to lpr on MS-DOS</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-standard-I_002fO-120">standard I/O</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-standard-input_002c-reading-options-from-85">standard input, reading options from</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-standard-output_002c-output-to-176">standard output, output to</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-spaces_002c-dropped-trailing-495">spaces, dropped trailing</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-specials_002c-hypertext-497">specials, hypertext</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-splines-529">splines</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-spooler_002c-lacking-128">spooler, lacking</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-spooling-to-lpr-on-MS_002dDOS-183">spooling to lpr on MS-DOS</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-standard-I_002fO-121">standard I/O</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-standard-input_002c-reading-options-from-86">standard input, reading options from</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-standard-output_002c-output-to-177">standard output, output to</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-standard-PostScript_002c-required-by-Ghostview-44">standard PostScript, required by Ghostview</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-start_002dhook-462"><code>start-hook</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-structured-comments-166">structured comments</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-system-_0040r_007bin-config-file_007d-278"><code>system </code><span class="roman">in config file</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-T-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028TFM-path_0029_007d-322"><code>T </code><span class="roman">config command (TFM path)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Tektronix-Phaser-printer_002c-used-for-color-calibration-683">Tektronix Phaser printer, used for color calibration</a>: <a href="#Color-device-configuration">Color device configuration</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-testpage_002etex-186"><code>testpage.tex</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d-encoding_002c-changing-583">TeX encoding, changing</a>: <a href="#Changing-TeX-encodings">Changing TeX encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-including-headers-in-429">TeX, including headers in</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXCONFIG-258"><code>TEXCONFIG</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-307"><code>TEXFONTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> P</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-T-324"><code>TEXFONTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> T</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-S-321"><code>TEXINPUTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> S</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-texmext_002eenc-554"><code>texmext.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXMFOUTPUT-160"><code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-texmital_002eenc-555"><code>texmital.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-texmsym_002eenc-585"><code>texmsym.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Changing-TeX-encodings">Changing TeX encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-texmsym_002eenc-556"><code>texmsym.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXPICTS-260"><code>TEXPICTS</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXPICTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-S-320"><code>TEXPICTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> S</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXPKS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-305"><code>TEXPKS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> P</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXSIZES_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-R-316"><code>TEXSIZES</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> R</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-text-in-figures_002c-chopped-off-394">text in figures, chopped off</a>: <a href="#EPSF-clipping">EPSF clipping</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tfm-files-517">tfm files</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFMFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-T-323"><code>TFMFONTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> T</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tftopl-520"><code>tftopl</code></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-start_002dhook-463"><code>start-hook</code></a>: <a href="#PostScript-hooks">PostScript hooks</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-structured-comments-167">structured comments</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-system-_0040r_007bin-config-file_007d-279"><code>system </code><span class="roman">in config file</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-T-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028TFM-path_0029_007d-323"><code>T </code><span class="roman">config command (TFM path)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Tektronix-Phaser-printer_002c-used-for-color-calibration-684">Tektronix Phaser printer, used for color calibration</a>: <a href="#Color-device-configuration">Color device configuration</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-testpage_002etex-187"><code>testpage.tex</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d-encoding_002c-changing-584">TeX encoding, changing</a>: <a href="#Changing-TeX-encodings">Changing TeX encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-including-headers-in-430">TeX, including headers in</a>: <a href="#Including-headers-from-TeX">Including headers from TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXCONFIG-259"><code>TEXCONFIG</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-308"><code>TEXFONTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> P</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-T-325"><code>TEXFONTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> T</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-S-322"><code>TEXINPUTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> S</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-texmext_002eenc-555"><code>texmext.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXMFOUTPUT-161"><code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-texmital_002eenc-556"><code>texmital.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-texmsym_002eenc-586"><code>texmsym.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Changing-TeX-encodings">Changing TeX encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-texmsym_002eenc-557"><code>texmsym.enc</code></a>: <a href="#Encodings">Encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXPICTS-261"><code>TEXPICTS</code></a>: <a href="#Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXPICTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-S-321"><code>TEXPICTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> S</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXPKS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-P-306"><code>TEXPKS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> P</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXSIZES_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-R-317"><code>TEXSIZES</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> R</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-text-in-figures_002c-chopped-off-395">text in figures, chopped off</a>: <a href="#EPSF-clipping">EPSF clipping</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tfm-files-518">tfm files</a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFMFONTS_0040r_007b_002c-overrides_007d-T-324"><code>TFMFONTS</code><span class="roman">, overrides</span><code> T</code></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tftopl-521"><code>tftopl</code></a>: <a href="#Metric-files">Metric files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Theisen_002c-Tim-40">Theisen, Tim</a>: <a href="#Ghostscript-installation">Ghostscript installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tight-bounding-box_002c-finding-116">tight bounding box, finding</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tight-bounding-box_002c-finding-117">tight bounding box, finding</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> <li><a href="#index-too_002dsmall-output-61">too-small output</a>: <a href="#Small-or-inverted">Small or inverted</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-trademark-_0040r_007bcharacter_002c-accessing_007d-589"><code>trademark </code><span class="roman">character, accessing</span></a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-trailing-spaces_002c-dropped-493">trailing spaces, dropped</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TranScript-167">TranScript</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-transforming-downloaded-fonts-649">transforming downloaded fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-trademark-_0040r_007bcharacter_002c-accessing_007d-590"><code>trademark </code><span class="roman">character, accessing</span></a>: <a href="#Changing-PostScript-encodings">Changing PostScript encodings</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-trailing-spaces_002c-dropped-494">trailing spaces, dropped</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-caveats">Hypertext caveats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TranScript-168">TranScript</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-transforming-downloaded-fonts-650">transforming downloaded fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> <li><a href="#index-trouble-47">trouble</a>: <a href="#Diagnosing-problems">Diagnosing problems</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Type-1-fonts-529">Type 1 fonts</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-typesetting-in-PostScript-558">typesetting in PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-U-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028Xerox-4045_0029_007d-325"><code>U </code><span class="roman">config command (Xerox 4045)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-uncollated-copies-102">uncollated copies</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-uncompressing-PostScript-415">uncompressing PostScript</a>: <a href="#Dynamic-creation-of-graphics">Dynamic creation of graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-uniform-resource-locator-498">uniform resource locator</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-unknown_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-343"><code>unknown</code><span class="roman">, paper format for ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp><span class="roman">’</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-unknown_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-340"><code>unknown</code><span class="roman">, paper format for ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp><span class="roman">’</span></a>: <a href="#papersize-special">papersize special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-URL_002c-definition-502">URL, definition</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-URL_002c-extended-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-500">URL, extended for TeX</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-urx-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-407"><code>urx </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ury-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-408"><code>ury </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-user_002ddefinable-colors-677">user-definable colors</a>: <a href="#User_002ddefinable-colors">User-definable colors</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-userdict_0040r_007b_002c-and-dictionary-files_007d-425"><code>userdict</code><span class="roman">, and dictionary files</span></a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-userdict_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-header-files_007d-133">userdict<span class="roman">, used for header files</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-V-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028vf-path_0029_007d-326"><code>V </code><span class="roman">config command (vf path)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-verbose-EPSF-processing-381">verbose EPSF processing</a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-vf-files-542">vf files</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtual-font-expansion-546">virtual font expansion</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtual-font-path-327">virtual font path</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtual-fonts-541">virtual fonts</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtual-fonts_002c-creating-578">virtual fonts, creating</a>: <a href="#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Type-1-fonts-530">Type 1 fonts</a>: <a href="#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-typesetting-in-PostScript-559">typesetting in PostScript</a>: <a href="#PostScript-typesetting">PostScript typesetting</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-U-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028Xerox-4045_0029_007d-326"><code>U </code><span class="roman">config command (Xerox 4045)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-uncollated-copies-103">uncollated copies</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-uncompressing-PostScript-416">uncompressing PostScript</a>: <a href="#Dynamic-creation-of-graphics">Dynamic creation of graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-uniform-resource-locator-499">uniform resource locator</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-unknown_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-344"><code>unknown</code><span class="roman">, paper format for ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp><span class="roman">’</span></a>: <a href="#Config-file-paper-sizes">Config file paper sizes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-unknown_0040r_007b_002c-paper-format-for-_0040samp_007b_002dt_007d_007d-341"><code>unknown</code><span class="roman">, paper format for ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp><span class="roman">’</span></a>: <a href="#papersize-special">papersize special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-URL_002c-definition-503">URL, definition</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-URL_002c-extended-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-501">URL, extended for TeX</a>: <a href="#Hypertext-specials">Hypertext specials</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-urx-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-408"><code>urx </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ury-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-409"><code>ury </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-usage_002c-basic-80">usage, basic</a>: <a href="#Basic-usage">Basic usage</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-user_002ddefinable-colors-678">user-definable colors</a>: <a href="#User_002ddefinable-colors">User-definable colors</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-userdict_0040r_007b_002c-and-dictionary-files_007d-426"><code>userdict</code><span class="roman">, and dictionary files</span></a>: <a href="#Header-files">Header files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-userdict_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-header-files_007d-134">userdict<span class="roman">, used for header files</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-V-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028vf-path_0029_007d-327"><code>V </code><span class="roman">config command (vf path)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-verbose-EPSF-processing-382">verbose EPSF processing</a>: <a href="#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-vf-files-543">vf files</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtual-font-expansion-547">virtual font expansion</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtual-font-path-328">virtual font path</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtual-fonts-542">virtual fonts</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtual-fonts_002c-creating-579">virtual fonts, creating</a>: <a href="#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a></li> <li><a href="#index-VM-exhausted-67">VM exhausted</a>: <a href="#Printer-errors">Printer errors</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-VMusage-446"><code>VMusage</code></a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-voffset-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-398"><code>voffset </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-vpl-files-543">vpl files</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-vptovf-573"><code>vptovf</code></a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-vscale-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-402"><code>vscale </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-vsize-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-400"><code>vsize </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-W-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028warning_0029_007d-329"><code>W </code><span class="roman">config command (warning)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-warning-messages_002c-defining-330">warning messages, defining</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-warnings_002c-suppressing-201">warnings, suppressing</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-whole-font-downloading-663">whole font downloading</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-wide-fonts-651">wide fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-X-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028horizontal-resolution_0029_007d-331"><code>X </code><span class="roman">config command (horizontal resolution)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Xerox-4045-227">Xerox 4045</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Y-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028vertical-resolution_0029_007d-332"><code>Y </code><span class="roman">config command (vertical resolution)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-VMusage-447"><code>VMusage</code></a>: <a href="#Headers-and-memory-usage">Headers and memory usage</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-voffset-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-399"><code>voffset </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-vpl-files-544">vpl files</a>: <a href="#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-vptovf-574"><code>vptovf</code></a>: <a href="#Making-a-font-available">Making a font available</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-vscale-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-403"><code>vscale </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-vsize-_0040r_007b_0028_0040samp_007bpsfile_007d-special-option_0029_007d-401"><code>vsize </code><span class="roman">(‘</span><samp><span class="samp">psfile</span></samp><span class="roman">’ special option)</span></a>: <a href="#psfile-special">psfile special</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-W-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028warning_0029_007d-330"><code>W </code><span class="roman">config command (warning)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-warning-messages_002c-defining-331">warning messages, defining</a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-warnings_002c-suppressing-202">warnings, suppressing</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-whole-font-downloading-664">whole font downloading</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-wide-fonts-652">wide fonts</a>: <a href="#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-X-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028horizontal-resolution_0029_007d-332"><code>X </code><span class="roman">config command (horizontal resolution)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Xerox-4045-228">Xerox 4045</a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Y-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028vertical-resolution_0029_007d-333"><code>Y </code><span class="roman">config command (vertical resolution)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Y_0026Y-fonts_002c-installing-26">Y&Y fonts, installing</a>: <a href="#PostScript-font-installation">PostScript font installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Z-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028compression_0029_007d-333"><code>Z </code><span class="roman">config command (compression)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-z-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028secure-mode_0029_007d-334"><code>z </code><span class="roman">config command (secure mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_007c-_0040r_007bstarting-output-filename_007d-180"><code>| </code><span class="roman">starting output filename</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Z-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028compression_0029_007d-334"><code>Z </code><span class="roman">config command (compression)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-z-_0040r_007bconfig-command-_0028secure-mode_0029_007d-335"><code>z </code><span class="roman">config command (secure mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Configuration-file-commands">Configuration file commands</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_007c-_0040r_007bstarting-output-filename_007d-181"><code>| </code><span class="roman">starting output filename</span></a>: <a href="#Option-details">Option details</a></li> </ul><!-- INSTALLONLY --> </body></html> diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.pdf b/Master/texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.pdf Binary files differindex fe4bdee2e2f..0e7ddc012ce 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.pdf +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.pdf diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/info/dvipng.info b/Master/texmf/doc/info/dvipng.info index 5f5a66fef70..62d070278ad 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/info/dvipng.info +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/info/dvipng.info @@ -1,5 +1,4 @@ -This is ../../../../texk/dvipng/doc/dvipng.info, produced by makeinfo -version 4.13 from ../../../../texk/dvipng/doc/dvipng.texi. +This is dvipng.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.13 from dvipng.texi. INFO-DIR-SECTION TeX START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY @@ -16,7 +15,7 @@ dvipng This manual documents dvipng, a program to translate a DVI (DeVice Independent) file into PNG (Portable Network Graphics). - This file documents dvipng version 1.13 + This file documents dvipng version 1.14 Corrections or perhaps rewrites of sections are _very welcome_. @@ -290,14 +289,15 @@ output as `foo1.png', `foo2.png', `foo3.png', and `foo4.png', respectively. If you have enabled the PostScript font support (via FreeType or -T1lib), fonts will be rendered as they are needed. Otherwise, if you -use fonts that have not been used on your system before, they may be -automatically generated; this process can take a few minutes, so -progress reports appear by default. The next time the same font is -used, it will have been saved on disk, so rendering will go much -faster. (If dvipng tries to endlessly generate the same fonts over and -over again, something is wrong. *Note Unable to generate fonts: -(kpathsea)Unable to generate fonts.) +T1lib), fonts will be rendered as they are needed. Otherwise, dvipng +will use bitmapped (PK) fonts, and if you use PK fonts that have not +been used on your system before, they may be automatically generated; +this process can take a few minutes, so progress reports appear by +default. The next time the same font is used, it will have been saved +on disk, so rendering will go much faster. (If dvipng tries to +endlessly generate the same fonts over and over again, something is +wrong. *Note Unable to generate fonts: (kpathsea)Unable to generate +fonts.) Many options are available (see the next section). For a brief summary of available options, just type @@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ File: dvipng.info, Node: Option summary, Next: Option details, Up: Command-li Here is a handy summary of the options; it is printed out when you run dvipng with no arguments or with the standard `--help' option. - This is ./dvipng 1.13 Copyright 2002-2010 Jan-Ake Larsson + This is ./dvipng 1.14 Copyright 2002-2010 Jan-Ake Larsson Usage: ./dvipng [OPTION]... FILENAME[.dvi] Options are chosen to be similar to dvips' options where possible: @@ -351,12 +351,13 @@ dvipng with no arguments or with the standard `--help' option. --dvinum* Use TeX page numbers in output filenames -fg s Foreground color (TeX-style color) --follow* Wait for data at end-of-file - --freetype* FreeType font rendering (default on) + --freetype* FreeType font rendering (preferred, default on) --gamma # Control color interpolation --gif Output GIF images (dvigif default) --height* Output the image height on stdout - --noghostscript* Don't use ghostscript for PostScript specials + --nogs* Don't use ghostscript for PostScript specials --nogssafer* Don't use -dSAFER in ghostscript calls + --norawps* Don't convert raw PostScript specials --palette* Force palette output --picky When a warning occurs, don't output image --png Output PNG images (dvipng default) @@ -364,6 +365,7 @@ dvipng with no arguments or with the standard `--help' option. --t1lib* T1lib font rendering (default on) --truecolor* Truecolor output -Q # Quality (T1lib and PK subsampling) + --width* Output the image width on stdout -z # PNG compression level # = number f = file s = string * = suffix, '0' to turn off @@ -404,9 +406,11 @@ reversal, use `-r0'. Such options are marked with a trailing `*'. *Note Color::. `--bdpi NUM' - Set the base (Metafont) resolution, both horizontal and vertical, - to NUM dpi (dots per inch). This option is necessary when manually - selecting Metafont mode with the -mode option (see below). + This option only has an effect when using bitmapped (PK) fonts. The + option sets the base (Metafont) resolution, both horizontal and + vertical, to NUM dpi (dots per inch). This option is necessary + when manually selecting Metafont mode with the -mode option (see + below). `-bg COLOR_SPEC' Choose background color for the images. This option will be @@ -480,12 +484,12 @@ reversal, use `-r0'. Such options are marked with a trailing `*'. PostScript Type1 and TrueType fonts internally, rather than using `gsftopk' for rendering the fonts. If you have PostScript versions of Computer Modern installed, there will be no need to generate - bitmapped variants on disk of these. Then, you can render images - at different (and unusual) resolutions without cluttering the disk - with lots of bitmapped fonts. Note that if you have both FreeType - and T1lib on your system, FreeType will be preferred by dvipng. If - you for some reason would want to use T1lib rendering, use this - option. + bitmapped (PK) variants on disk of these. Then, you can render + images at different (and unusual) resolutions without cluttering + the disk with lots of bitmapped fonts. Note that if you have both + FreeType and T1lib on your system, FreeType will be preferred by + dvipng. If you for some reason would want to use T1lib rendering, + use this option. `--gamma NUM' Control the interpolation of colors in the greyscale anti-aliasing @@ -518,22 +522,21 @@ reversal, use `-r0'. Such options are marked with a trailing `*'. document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered. `--mode MODE' - Use MODE as the Metafont device name for the PK fonts (both for - path searching and font generation). This needs to be augmented - with the base device resolution, given with the `--bdpi' option. - See the file `ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf' for a list of + This option only has an effect when using bitmapped (PK) fonts. Use + MODE as the Metafont device name for the PK fonts (both for path + searching and font generation). This needs to be augmented with + the base device resolution, given with the `--bdpi' option. See + the file `ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf' for a list of resolutions and mode names for most devices. *Note Unable to generate fonts: (kpathsea)Unable to generate fonts. `-M*' - Turns off automatic PK font generation (`mktexpk'). This will have - no effect when using PostScript fonts, since no PK font generation - will be done anyway. + This option only has an effect when using bitmapped (PK) fonts. It + turns off automatic PK font generation (`mktexpk'). -`--noghostscript*' +`--nogs*' This switch prohibits the internal call to GhostScript for - displaying PostScript specials. `--noghostscript0' turns the call - back on. + displaying PostScript specials. `--nogs0' turns the call back on. `--nogssafer*' Normally, if GhostScript is used to render PostScript specials, the @@ -543,6 +546,12 @@ reversal, use `-r0'. Such options are marked with a trailing `*'. as deletefile, to prevent possibly malicious PostScript programs from having any effect. +`--norawps*' + Some packages generate raw PostScript specials, even non-rendering + such specials. This switch turns off the internal call to + GhostScript intended to display these raw PostScript specials. + `--norawps0' turns the call back on. + `-o NAME' Send output to the file NAME. A single occurrence of `%d' or `%01d', ..., `%09d' will be exchanged for the physical page number @@ -566,14 +575,13 @@ reversal, use `-r0'. Such options are marked with a trailing `*'. the document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered. `--palette*' - Starting from `dvipng' 1.8, the output PNG will be a truecolor png - when an external image is included, to avoid unnecessary delay and - quality reduction, and enable the EPS translator to draw on a - transparent background and outside of the boundingbox. This switch - will force palette (256-color) output and make `dvipng' revert to - the old behaviour, where included images were opaque and always - clipped to the boundingbox. This will also override the - `--truecolor' switch if present. + When an external image is included, `dvipng' will automatically + switch to truecolor mode, to avoid unnecessary delay and quality + reduction, and enable the EPS translator to draw on a transparent + background and outside of the boundingbox. This switch will force + palette (256-color) output and make `dvipng' revert to opaque + clipped image inclusion. This will also override the `--truecolor' + switch if present. `--picky*' No images are output when a warning occurs. Normally, dvipng will @@ -612,10 +620,10 @@ reversal, use `-r0'. Such options are marked with a trailing `*'. `-Q NUM' Set the quality to NUM. That is, choose the number of antialiasing - levels for PK and T1lib rendering to be NUM*NUM+1. The default - value is 4 which gives 17 levels of antialiasing for antialiased - fonts from these two. If FreeType is available, its rendering is - unaffected by this option. + levels for bitmapped fonts (PK) and fonts rendered using T1lib, to + be NUM*NUM+1. The default value is 4 which gives 17 levels of + antialiasing for antialiased fonts from these two. If FreeType is + available, its rendering is unaffected by this option. `-r*' Toggle output of pages in reverse/forward order. By default, the @@ -639,17 +647,17 @@ reversal, use `-r0'. Such options are marked with a trailing `*'. all ink put on the page, producing neat images. `--t1lib*' - Enable/disable T1lib font rendering (default on). This option is - available if the T1lib font library was present at compilation - time. If this is the case, dvipng will have direct support for - PostScript Type1 fonts internally, rather than using `gsftopk' for - rendering the fonts. If you have PostScript versions of Computer - Modern installed, there will be no need to generate bitmapped - variants on disk of these. Then, you can render images at - different (and unusual) resolutions without cluttering the disk - with lots of bitmapped fonts. Note that if you have both FreeType - and T1lib on your system FreeType will be preferred by dvipng, and - if you for some reason rather want to use T1lib, give the option + Enable T1lib font rendering (default on). This option is available + if the T1lib font library was present at compilation time. If this + is the case, dvipng will have direct support for PostScript Type1 + fonts internally, rather than using `gsftopk' for rendering the + fonts. If you have PostScript versions of Computer Modern + installed, there will be no need to generate bitmapped variants on + disk of these. Then, you can render images at different (and + unusual) resolutions without cluttering the disk with lots of + bitmapped fonts. Note that if you have both FreeType and T1lib on + your system, FreeType will be preferred by dvipng, and if you for + some reason rather want to use T1lib, give the option `--freetype0' (see above). `--truecolor*' @@ -667,12 +675,14 @@ reversal, use `-r0'. Such options are marked with a trailing `*'. Report the width of the image. See also `--height' and `--depth'. `-x NUM' - Set the x magnification ratio to NUM/1000. Overrides the - magnification specified in the DVI file. Must be between 10 and - 100000. It is recommended that you use standard magstep values - (1095, 1200, 1440, 1728, 2074, 2488, 2986, and so on) to help - reduce the total number of PK files generated. NUM may be a real - number, not an integer, for increased precision. + This option is deprecated; it should not be used. It is much + better to select the output resolution directly with the `-D' + option. This option sets the magnification ratio to NUM/1000 and + overrides the magnification specified in the DVI file. Must be + between 10 and 100000. It is recommended that you use standard + magstep values (1095, 1200, 1440, 1728, 2074, 2488, 2986, and so + on) to help reduce the total number of PK files generated. NUM + may be a real number, not an integer, for increased precision. `-z NUM' Set the PNG compression level to NUM. This option is enabled if @@ -699,12 +709,15 @@ File: dvipng.info, Node: Graphics, Next: Color, Prev: Command-line options, `graphics' packages, without the need of specifying a driver to these packages. This means that it recognizes the encapsulated postscript inclusion meant for `dvips', but is also able (from version 1.8) to -include bitmapped graphics, see the details below. +include bitmapped graphics. It also tries to handle some of the raw +PostScript that is output from various packages. Some of the +possibilities and problems are mentioned below. * Menu: * Encapsulated PostScript:: An internal call to GhostScript * Bitmapped graphics:: PNG, JPEG and GIF +* Raw PostScript:: Ignore or give to GhostScript File: dvipng.info, Node: Encapsulated PostScript, Next: Bitmapped graphics, Up: Graphics @@ -736,7 +749,7 @@ can be specified in the `\includegraphics' call, as in this example \includegraphics[bb=10 20 100 200]{imagename.eps} -File: dvipng.info, Node: Bitmapped graphics, Prev: Encapsulated PostScript, Up: Graphics +File: dvipng.info, Node: Bitmapped graphics, Next: Raw PostScript, Prev: Encapsulated PostScript, Up: Graphics 5.2 Bitmapped graphics ====================== @@ -763,6 +776,48 @@ on. Simple, eh? The example above at 200 dpi would be 1.5 inches wide: \includegraphics[bb=0 0 300 400,witdh=1.5in]{imagename.png} +File: dvipng.info, Node: Raw PostScript, Prev: Bitmapped graphics, Up: Graphics + +5.3 Raw PostScript +================== + +dvipng attempts to handle raw PostScript. Rendering raw PostScript +specials is done on top of the page by including a transparent image +generated by the `pngalpha' device in GhostScript (automatically +selecting `truecolor' mode in dvipng). + + Included PostScript headers are respected, and if the header +`tex.pro' is included, dvipng also throws in `color.pro' and +`special.pro'. The package `xcolor' includes its own headers with color +names, and this is not only kept as a PostScript header, but is also +read and interpreted by dvipng itself. An attempt is also made to +respect the PGF header. The non-rendering specials from `hyperref' are +handled via some heuristics and do not give an error. + + Really rendering and moving things with raw PostScript specials is +more troublesome. The \rotatebox macro serves as a good example. The +dvips driver of the graphicx package surrounds DVI glyphs with +PostScript code so that after conversion by dvips, the glyphs (now +themselves in PostScript) will be rotated in the desired way. dvipng +does not handle this, at present. An attempt has been made to handle +the rendering specials output by PGF (tikz), and also PSTricks. Some +things work, but others do not. This is especially clear when mixing +PostScript and DVI rendering commands such as glyphs. dvipng cannot at +present detect if PostScript code moves `currentpoint' or rotates the +frame since GhostScript does not return such information. A +recommendation would be to produce images from these packages as EPS +files and include them into your document in the standard manner. + + Another way to handle this would be to use a slower fallback (with +dvips and gs, for example). If you want to disable raw PostScript +handling in dvipng, use the switch `--norawps'. This switch turns off +the internal call to GhostScript intended to display these raw +PostScript specials. Further, when dvipng encounters raw PostScript and +the gs call is turned off, it gives a warning. It is now possible to +use the switch `--picky' to disable page rendering of pages with +warnings, and use the slower fallback for these pages. + + File: dvipng.info, Node: Color, Next: Diagnosing problems, Prev: Graphics, Up: Top 6 Color @@ -1051,103 +1106,106 @@ Index * Menu: -* -dSAFER: Option details. (line 167) -* absolute page number, and -l: Option details. (line 140) -* absolute page number, and -p: Option details. (line 188) -* antialiasing levels, number of: Option details. (line 242) -* background color (option): Option details. (line 40) +* -dSAFER: Option details. (line 168) +* absolute page number, and -l: Option details. (line 142) +* absolute page number, and -p: Option details. (line 195) +* antialiasing levels, number of: Option details. (line 248) +* background color (option): Option details. (line 42) * base resolution, setting: Option details. (line 35) -* baseline reporting: Option details. (line 76) +* baseline reporting: Option details. (line 78) * color specifications: Color specifications. (line 6) * command-line options: Command-line options. (line 6) * compilation: Installation. (line 6) -* compression: Option details. (line 306) +* compression: Option details. (line 314) * configuration, of dvipng: Installation. (line 6) -* dark fonts: Option details. (line 119) +* dark fonts: Option details. (line 121) * debugging <1>: Diagnosing problems. (line 6) -* debugging: Option details. (line 54) -* depth reporting: Option details. (line 76) -* exit on erroneous images: Option details. (line 253) -* first page printed: Option details. (line 188) -* follow mode: Option details. (line 97) -* font generation, avoiding: Option details. (line 157) -* forcing palette output: Option details. (line 197) -* foreground color (option): Option details. (line 91) -* FreeType font rendering: Option details. (line 105) -* fuzzy images: Option details. (line 119) -* gamma: Option details. (line 119) -* GhostScript and -dSAFER: Option details. (line 167) -* GhostScript, turning off: Option details. (line 162) -* GIF image format: Option details. (line 125) -* height reporting: Option details. (line 132) +* debugging: Option details. (line 56) +* depth reporting: Option details. (line 78) +* exit on erroneous images: Option details. (line 259) +* first page printed: Option details. (line 195) +* follow mode: Option details. (line 99) +* font generation, avoiding: Option details. (line 160) +* forcing palette output: Option details. (line 204) +* foreground color (option): Option details. (line 93) +* FreeType font rendering: Option details. (line 107) +* fuzzy images: Option details. (line 121) +* gamma: Option details. (line 121) +* GhostScript and -dSAFER: Option details. (line 168) +* GhostScript, turning off: Option details. (line 164) +* GIF image format: Option details. (line 127) +* height reporting: Option details. (line 134) * installation, of dvipng: Installation. (line 6) * invoking dvipng: Basic usage. (line 6) -* last page printed: Option details. (line 140) -* light fonts: Option details. (line 119) -* magnification, overriding DVI: Option details. (line 298) -* Metafont mode, specifying: Option details. (line 149) -* mktexpk, avoiding: Option details. (line 157) -* mode name, specifying: Option details. (line 149) -* no erroneous images: Option details. (line 207) -* offset pages: Option details. (line 182) +* last page printed: Option details. (line 142) +* light fonts: Option details. (line 121) +* magnification, overriding DVI: Option details. (line 304) +* Metafont mode, specifying: Option details. (line 151) +* mktexpk, avoiding: Option details. (line 160) +* mode name, specifying: Option details. (line 151) +* no erroneous images: Option details. (line 213) +* offset pages: Option details. (line 189) * option, details of: Option details. (line 6) * options, dvipng: Command-line options. (line 6) * options, reading from standard input: Option details. (line 11) * options, summary: Option summary. (line 6) -* output resolution, setting: Option details. (line 60) -* output, redirecting: Option details. (line 175) -* page range: Option details. (line 220) -* page, first printed: Option details. (line 188) -* page, last printed: Option details. (line 140) -* physical page number, and -l: Option details. (line 140) -* physical page number, and -p: Option details. (line 188) -* PNG image format: Option details. (line 216) +* output resolution, setting: Option details. (line 62) +* output, redirecting: Option details. (line 182) +* page range: Option details. (line 226) +* page, first printed: Option details. (line 195) +* page, last printed: Option details. (line 142) +* physical page number, and -l: Option details. (line 142) +* physical page number, and -p: Option details. (line 195) +* PNG image format: Option details. (line 222) * PostScript inclusion problems: Encapsulated PostScript. (line 21) +* PostScript, turning off raw PostScript specials: Option details. + (line 176) * problems: Diagnosing problems. (line 6) -* quality: Option details. (line 242) -* quiet operation: Option details. (line 238) -* reverse pagination: Option details. (line 249) -* silent operation: Option details. (line 238) +* quality: Option details. (line 248) +* quiet operation: Option details. (line 244) +* reverse pagination: Option details. (line 255) +* silent operation: Option details. (line 244) * standard input, reading options from: Option details. (line 11) -* standard output, output to: Option details. (line 175) -* T1lib font rendering: Option details. (line 270) +* standard output, output to: Option details. (line 182) +* T1lib font rendering: Option details. (line 276) * transparent border fallback color: Option details. (line 25) * transparent border width: Option details. (line 25) * trouble: Diagnosing problems. (line 6) -* truecolor output: Option details. (line 284) -* warnings, suppressing: Option details. (line 238) -* width reporting: Option details. (line 295) +* truecolor output: Option details. (line 290) +* warnings, suppressing: Option details. (line 244) +* width reporting: Option details. (line 301) Tag Table: -Node: Top353 -Node: Introduction1248 -Node: Installation3487 -Node: Prerequisites3834 -Node: Configure6324 -Node: Build/install8363 -Node: Installation outside the texmf tree8831 -Node: Advice for non-privileged users9538 -Node: Basic usage10546 -Node: Command-line options11673 -Node: Option summary12097 -Node: Option details14406 -Node: Graphics29868 -Node: Encapsulated PostScript30433 -Node: Bitmapped graphics31776 -Node: Color32976 -Node: Color specifications33364 -Node: Color specials34463 -Node: Diagnosing problems35875 -Node: Contact information36358 -Node: Debug options37099 -Node: Credits38134 -Node: Copying42135 -Node: Index42915 +Node: Top297 +Node: Introduction1192 +Node: Installation3431 +Node: Prerequisites3778 +Node: Configure6268 +Node: Build/install8307 +Node: Installation outside the texmf tree8775 +Node: Advice for non-privileged users9482 +Node: Basic usage10490 +Node: Command-line options11662 +Node: Option summary12086 +Node: Option details14512 +Node: Graphics30430 +Node: Encapsulated PostScript31182 +Node: Bitmapped graphics32525 +Node: Raw PostScript33748 +Node: Color35987 +Node: Color specifications36375 +Node: Color specials37474 +Node: Diagnosing problems38886 +Node: Contact information39369 +Node: Debug options40110 +Node: Credits41145 +Node: Copying45146 +Node: Index45926 End Tag Table diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/info/dvips.info b/Master/texmf/doc/info/dvips.info index 16c074cfc55..a614183e1d8 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/info/dvips.info +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/info/dvips.info @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ This is ../../../texk/dvipsk/dvips.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.13 from ../../../texk/dvipsk/dvips.texi. -This manual documents Dvips version 5.99 (July 2010), a program to +This manual documents Dvips version 5.991 (April 2011), a program to translate a DVI file into PostScript. You may freely use, modify and/or distribute this file. @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ File: dvips.info, Node: Top, Next: Why Dvips, Up: (dir) Dvips ***** -This manual documents Dvips version 5.99 (July 2010), a program to +This manual documents Dvips version 5.991 (April 2011), a program to translate a DVI file into PostScript. You may freely use, modify and/or distribute this file. @@ -521,10 +521,12 @@ File: dvips.info, Node: Basic usage, Next: Command-line options, Up: Invoking ======================== To use Dvips at its simplest, simply type + dvips foo - where `foo.dvi' is the output of TeX that you want to print. If -Dvips has been installed correctly, the document will probably roll out -of your default printer. + +where `foo.dvi' is the output of TeX that you want to print. The +default output is to a corresponding file `foo.ps'; Dvips may also have +been locally configured to output directly to a printer by default. If you use fonts that have not been used on your system before, they may be automatically generated; this process can take a few minutes, so @@ -536,6 +538,7 @@ same fonts over and over again, it hasn't been installed properly. Many options are available (see the next section). For a brief summary of available options, just type + dvips --help @@ -4663,6 +4666,7 @@ Index * URL, extended for TeX: Hypertext specials. (line 20) * urx (psfile special option): psfile special. (line 42) * ury (psfile special option): psfile special. (line 42) +* usage, basic: Basic usage. (line 6) * user-definable colors: User-definable colors. (line 6) * userdict, and dictionary files: Header files. (line 21) @@ -4708,82 +4712,82 @@ Index Tag Table: -Node: Top559 -Node: Why Dvips1303 -Node: Installation4751 -Node: config.ps installation5772 -Node: PostScript font installation8309 -Node: Ghostscript installation11183 -Node: Diagnosing problems12280 -Node: Debug options13375 -Node: No output14401 -Node: Small or inverted15869 -Node: Printer errors16588 -Node: Long documents fail17920 -Node: Including graphics fails18261 -Node: Invoking Dvips19499 -Node: Basic usage20090 -Node: Command-line options21074 -Node: Option summary21523 -Node: Option details23728 -Node: Environment variables43094 -Node: Config files46053 -Node: Configuration file searching46736 -Node: Configuration file commands50036 -Node: Paper size and landscape57149 -Node: papersize special58747 -Node: Config file paper sizes60156 -Node: Paper trays64311 -Node: Interaction with PostScript65645 -Node: PostScript figures66298 -Node: Bounding box67024 -Node: \includegraphics70395 -Node: EPSF macros72686 -Node: EPSF scaling74656 -Node: EPSF clipping77226 -Node: psfile special77868 -Node: Dynamic creation of graphics80261 -Node: Fonts in figures81579 -Node: Header files83239 -Node: Including headers from TeX84445 -Node: Including headers from the command line86479 -Node: Headers and memory usage87579 -Node: Literal PS88289 -Node: " special88871 -Node: ps special89612 -Node: Literal headers91110 -Node: PostScript hooks91825 -Node: Literal examples93915 -Node: Hypertext95367 -Node: Hypertext caveats96925 -Node: Hypertext specials101322 -Node: PostScript fonts103956 -Node: Font concepts105072 -Node: Metric files106239 -Node: Glyph files109065 -Node: Virtual fonts111421 -Node: Encodings113311 -Node: PostScript typesetting115714 -Node: Making a font available118796 -Node: Invoking afm2tfm123826 -Node: Changing font encodings124796 -Node: Changing TeX encodings125586 -Node: Changing PostScript encodings126686 -Node: Changing both encodings128030 -Node: Reencoding with Afm2tfm128703 -Node: Encoding file format131807 -Node: Special font effects136010 -Node: Afm2tfm options138273 -Node: psfonts.map141258 -Node: Color145990 -Node: Color macro files147034 -Node: User-definable colors150232 -Node: Color subtleties151507 -Node: Ted Turner153158 -Node: Color device configuration154383 -Node: Color support details156825 -Node: Color specifications157203 -Node: Color specials158606 -Node: Index160735 +Node: Top561 +Node: Why Dvips1307 +Node: Installation4755 +Node: config.ps installation5776 +Node: PostScript font installation8313 +Node: Ghostscript installation11187 +Node: Diagnosing problems12284 +Node: Debug options13379 +Node: No output14405 +Node: Small or inverted15873 +Node: Printer errors16592 +Node: Long documents fail17924 +Node: Including graphics fails18265 +Node: Invoking Dvips19503 +Node: Basic usage20094 +Node: Command-line options21122 +Node: Option summary21571 +Node: Option details23776 +Node: Environment variables43142 +Node: Config files46101 +Node: Configuration file searching46784 +Node: Configuration file commands50084 +Node: Paper size and landscape57197 +Node: papersize special58795 +Node: Config file paper sizes60204 +Node: Paper trays64359 +Node: Interaction with PostScript65693 +Node: PostScript figures66346 +Node: Bounding box67072 +Node: \includegraphics70443 +Node: EPSF macros72734 +Node: EPSF scaling74704 +Node: EPSF clipping77274 +Node: psfile special77916 +Node: Dynamic creation of graphics80309 +Node: Fonts in figures81627 +Node: Header files83287 +Node: Including headers from TeX84493 +Node: Including headers from the command line86527 +Node: Headers and memory usage87627 +Node: Literal PS88337 +Node: " special88919 +Node: ps special89660 +Node: Literal headers91158 +Node: PostScript hooks91873 +Node: Literal examples93963 +Node: Hypertext95415 +Node: Hypertext caveats96973 +Node: Hypertext specials101370 +Node: PostScript fonts104004 +Node: Font concepts105120 +Node: Metric files106287 +Node: Glyph files109113 +Node: Virtual fonts111469 +Node: Encodings113359 +Node: PostScript typesetting115762 +Node: Making a font available118844 +Node: Invoking afm2tfm123874 +Node: Changing font encodings124844 +Node: Changing TeX encodings125634 +Node: Changing PostScript encodings126734 +Node: Changing both encodings128078 +Node: Reencoding with Afm2tfm128751 +Node: Encoding file format131855 +Node: Special font effects136058 +Node: Afm2tfm options138321 +Node: psfonts.map141306 +Node: Color146038 +Node: Color macro files147082 +Node: User-definable colors150280 +Node: Color subtleties151555 +Node: Ted Turner153206 +Node: Color device configuration154431 +Node: Color support details156873 +Node: Color specifications157251 +Node: Color specials158654 +Node: Index160783 End Tag Table diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/info/fontname.info b/Master/texmf/doc/info/fontname.info index 31c036daf62..13a167eb1b1 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/info/fontname.info +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/info/fontname.info @@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ supplier. @c @mapfile{ @c email = "tex-fonts@tug.org", -@c date = "22feb09", +@c date = "18jul10", @c url = "http://tug.org/fontname/typeface.map", @c supported = "yes", @c docstring = "Typeface abbreviations for the TeX Fontname scheme.", @@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ el ellingtn Ellington en engraver Engravers eo amerigo Amerigo b:AmerigoBT er eras Eras -es eurostil Eurostile b:Square721BT k:Minima +es eurostil Eurostile b:Square721BT k:Minima y:Electrum et ehrhardt Ehrhardt eu euler Euler ev mrseaves MrsEaves @@ -782,6 +782,7 @@ r3 rotis RotisSemiSans r4 rotis RotisSansSerif ra raleigh Raleigh rc romic Romic +rd romande RomandeADF re requiem Requiem rm carmina Carmina rn rotation Rotation @@ -907,7 +908,7 @@ ys goudysan GoudySans za zantiqua ZAntiqua l:ZapfRenaisSH l:ZapfRenaisSB l:ZapfRenSwaSH zc zapfchan ZapfChancery m:ZapfChanceryPS u:URWChanceryL zd zapfding ZapfDingbats m:ZapfDingbatsPS u:Dingbats -zf zapfino Zapinfo l:LinotypeZapfino-{One,Two,Three,Four,Ligature,Ornaments} +zf zapfino Zapfino l:LinotypeZapfino-{One,Two,Three,Four,Ligature,Ornaments} zg neuzeitg NeuzeitGrotesk b:Geometric706BT zp ziptydo ZiptyDo zt zeitgeis Zeitgeist @@ -16082,38 +16083,38 @@ Node: References4851 Node: Filenames for fonts6171 Node: Suppliers7913 Node: Typefaces10494 -Node: Weights31520 -Node: Variants32333 -Node: Widths42613 -Node: Long names44021 -Node: Name mapping file44580 -Node: Long naming scheme46161 -Node: Font name lists47917 -Node: Standard PostScript fonts48376 -Node: Adobe fonts49838 -Node: Apple fonts239818 -Node: Bitstream fonts240152 -Node: DTC fonts300916 -Node: ITC fonts301833 -Node: Linotype fonts347473 -Node: Monotype fonts603499 -Node: URW fonts690056 -Node: Encodings693255 -Node: 6w695313 -Node: 8a697798 -Node: 8r700308 -Node: dvips705292 -Node: ec709098 -Node: groff721873 -Node: t5726807 -Node: qx734758 -Node: texmext776230 -Node: texmsym780086 -Node: texmital783269 -Node: texnansi786003 -Node: texnansx798422 -Node: xl2803771 -Node: xt2808758 -Node: General index813385 +Node: Weights31558 +Node: Variants32371 +Node: Widths42651 +Node: Long names44059 +Node: Name mapping file44618 +Node: Long naming scheme46199 +Node: Font name lists47955 +Node: Standard PostScript fonts48414 +Node: Adobe fonts49876 +Node: Apple fonts239856 +Node: Bitstream fonts240190 +Node: DTC fonts300954 +Node: ITC fonts301871 +Node: Linotype fonts347511 +Node: Monotype fonts603537 +Node: URW fonts690094 +Node: Encodings693293 +Node: 6w695351 +Node: 8a697836 +Node: 8r700346 +Node: dvips705330 +Node: ec709136 +Node: groff721911 +Node: t5726845 +Node: qx734796 +Node: texmext776268 +Node: texmsym780124 +Node: texmital783307 +Node: texnansi786041 +Node: texnansx798460 +Node: xl2803809 +Node: xt2808796 +Node: General index813423 End Tag Table diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/info/kpathsea.info b/Master/texmf/doc/info/kpathsea.info index def0252034c..26e2ed72832 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/info/kpathsea.info +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/info/kpathsea.info @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ makeinfo version 4.13 from ../../../../texk/kpathsea/doc/kpathsea.texi. This file documents the Kpathsea library for path searching. Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, -2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Karl Berry & Olaf Weber. +2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 Karl Berry & Olaf Weber. Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are @@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ Kpathsea library **************** This manual documents how to install and use the Kpathsea library for -filename lookup. It corresponds to version 6.0.0, released in -July 2010. +filename lookup. It corresponds to version 6.0.1, released in +April 2011. * Menu: @@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ File: kpathsea.info, Node: Introduction, Next: Installation, Prev: Top, Up: 1 Introduction ************** -This manual corresponds to version 6.0.0 of the Kpathsea library, -released in July 2010. +This manual corresponds to version 6.0.1 of the Kpathsea library, +released in April 2011. The library's fundamental purpose is to return a filename from a list of directories specified by the user, similar to what shells do @@ -1063,8 +1063,8 @@ also be passed: Sets the Metafont mode to NAME. `--bdpi NUM' - Sets the the "base dpi" for the font. This must match the mode - being used. + Sets the "base dpi" for the font. This must match the mode being + used. `--mag STRING' A "magstep" string suitable for the Metafont `mag' variable. This @@ -1242,10 +1242,10 @@ Also available as `http://www.tug.org/unixtex.ftp'. Email <tex-k@tug.org> with comments or questions. The principal free TeX distribution for Unix-like systems is TeX -Live, `http://tug.org/texlive'. Its web pages describe many ways to -acquire TeX, over the Internet or on physical media, both the sources -and precompiled binaries for many systems, either standalone or as part -of various operating system distributions. +Live, on the web at `http://tug.org/texlive'. The pages there describe +many ways to acquire TeX, over the Internet or on physical media, both +the sources and precompiled binaries for many systems, either +standalone or as part of various operating system distributions. Web2C, Kpathsea, Dvips, and Dviljk are no longer released as a separate packages. Their sources are now maintained as part of TeX @@ -2018,7 +2018,13 @@ single character `0' (zero, not oh). helpful to look at the distributed `texmf.cnf', which uses or at least mentions most features. The format of `texmf.cnf' files follows: - * Comments start with `%' and continue to the end of the line. + * Comments start with `%', either at the beginning of a line or + preceded by whitespace, and continue to the end of the line. That + is, as with most shells, a `%' in the "middle" of a value does not + start a comment. Examples: + + % this is a comment + var = a%b % but the value of var will be "a%b". * Blank lines are ignored. @@ -2037,8 +2043,9 @@ mentions most features. The format of `texmf.cnf' files follows: * If `.PROGNAME' is present, the definition only applies if the program that is running is named (i.e., the last component of - `argv[0]' is) PROGNAME or `PROGNAME.exe'. This allows different - flavors of TeX to have different search paths, for example. + `argv[0]' is) PROGNAME or `PROGNAME.{exe,bat,cmd,...}'. Most + notably, this allows different flavors of TeX to have different + search paths. * VALUE may contain any characters except `%' and `@'. (These restrictions are only necessary because of the processing done on @@ -2047,7 +2054,7 @@ mentions most features. The format of `texmf.cnf' files follows: not available on the right-hand side; instead, you must use an additional variable (see below for example). A `;' in VALUE is translated to `:' if running under Unix; this is useful to write a - single `texmf.cnf' which can be used under both Unix and NT. + single `texmf.cnf' which can be used under both Unix and Windows. * All definitions are read before anything is expanded, so you can use variables before they are defined (like Make, unlike most other @@ -2063,13 +2070,12 @@ Here is a configuration file fragment illustrating most of these points: TEXINPUTS.latex2e = $latex2e_inputs TEXINPUTS.latex = $latex2e_inputs - Although this format has obvious similarities to Bourne shell -scripts--change the comment character to `#', disallow spaces around -the `=', and get rid of the `.NAME' convention, and it could be run -through the shell. But there seemed little advantage to doing this, -since all the information would have to passed back to Kpathsea and -parsed there anyway, since the `sh' process couldn't affect its -parent's environment. + This format has obvious similarities to Bourne shell scripts--change +the comment character to `#', disallow spaces around the `=', and get +rid of the `.NAME' convention, and it could be run through the shell. +However, there seemed little advantage in this, since all the +information would have to passed back to Kpathsea and parsed there +anyway, since the `sh' process couldn't affect its parent's environment. The implementation of all this is in `kpathsea/cnf.c'. @@ -2231,13 +2237,11 @@ to `xA1y:xB1y:xA2y:xB2y'. This feature can be used to implement multiple TeX hierarchies, by assigning a brace list to `$TEXMF', as mentioned in `texmf.in'. - You can also use the path separator in stead of the comma. The last + You can also use the path separator instead of the comma. The last example could have been written `x{A:B}{1:2}y'. Brace expansion is implemented in the source file -`kpathsea/expand.c'. It is a modification of the Bash sources, and is -thus covered by the GNU General Public License, rather than the Library -General Public License that covers the rest of Kpathsea. +`kpathsea/expand.c'. File: kpathsea.info, Node: KPSE_DOT expansion, Next: Subdirectory expansion, Prev: Brace expansion, Up: Path expansion @@ -2582,7 +2586,7 @@ filename, and returns the first file found. vf: .vf dvips config (dvipsconfig): ist: .ist - truetype fonts: .ttf .ttc .TTF .TTC + truetype fonts: .ttf .ttc .TTF .TTC .dfont type42 fonts: .t42 .T42 web2c files (web2c): other text files (othertext): @@ -3048,7 +3052,8 @@ environment variables with an underscore, e.g., `TEXINPUTS_latex' invocation.) `TRFONTS'. `truetype fonts' - (TrueType outline fonts) `TTFONTS'; suffixes `.ttf', `.ttc'. + (TrueType outline fonts) `TTFONTS'; suffixes `.ttf' and `.TTF', + `.ttc' and `.TTC', `.dfont'. `type1 fonts' (Type 1 PostScript outline fonts, *note Glyph files: (dvips)Glyph @@ -3703,9 +3708,9 @@ Index * .ovp: Supported file formats. (line 147) * .pfa: Supported file formats. - (line 199) + (line 200) * .pfb: Supported file formats. - (line 199) + (line 200) * .pk: Supported file formats. (line 154) * .pool: Supported file formats. @@ -3725,7 +3730,7 @@ Index * .ttf: Supported file formats. (line 196) * .vf: Supported file formats. - (line 207) + (line 208) * .w: Supported file formats. (line 43) * .web: Supported file formats. @@ -3745,7 +3750,7 @@ Index * : may not be :: Searching overview. (line 13) * :: expansion: Default expansion. (line 6) * @VAR@ substitutions: Running configure. (line 6) -* \, line continuation in texmf.cnf: Config files. (line 31) +* \, line continuation in texmf.cnf: Config files. (line 37) * \openin: Searching overview. (line 31) * \special, suppressing warnings about: Suppressing warnings. (line 31) @@ -3789,13 +3794,13 @@ Index * Babel: Kpathsea application distributions. (line 28) * Bach, Johann Sebastian: Default expansion. (line 41) -* backslash-newline: Config files. (line 31) +* backslash-newline: Config files. (line 37) * bash, recommended for running configure: configure shells. (line 6) * basic glyph lookup: Basic glyph lookup. (line 6) * Berry, Karl: History. (line 12) * BIBINPUTS: Supported file formats. (line 28) -* blank lines, in texmf.cnf: Config files. (line 29) +* blank lines, in texmf.cnf: Config files. (line 35) * brace expansion: Brace expansion. (line 6) * BSD universe: Running make. (line 44) * bsh, ok with configure: configure shells. (line 14) @@ -3830,7 +3835,7 @@ Index (line 36) * cmr10, as fallback font: Fallback font. (line 15) * cmr10.vf: Searching overview. (line 31) -* cnf.c: Config files. (line 80) +* cnf.c: Config files. (line 86) * cnf.h: Programming with config files. (line 23) * code sharing: Shared library. (line 9) @@ -3873,7 +3878,7 @@ Index * configuration compiler options: configure environment. (line 23) * configuration file, source for path: Path sources. (line 17) -* configuration files as shell scripts.: Config files. (line 72) +* configuration files as shell scripts.: Config files. (line 79) * configuration of mktex scripts: mktex configuration. (line 6) * configuration of optional features: configure options. (line 16) * configure error from sed: Empty Makefiles. (line 6) @@ -3881,7 +3886,7 @@ Index * configure options for mktex scripts: mktex configuration. (line 12) * configure, running: Running configure. (line 6) * context diff: Bug checklist. (line 55) -* continuation character: Config files. (line 31) +* continuation character: Config files. (line 37) * core dumps, reporting: Bug checklist. (line 61) * CPPFLAGS: configure environment. (line 22) @@ -3948,9 +3953,9 @@ Index * dvipdfmx.cfg: Specially-recognized files. (line 19) * DVIPSFONTS: Supported file formats. - (line 242) + (line 243) * DVIPSHEADERS: Supported file formats. - (line 199) + (line 200) * DVIPSMAKEPK: mktex script names. (line 32) * DVIPSSIZES: Fallback font. (line 6) * dynamic creation of files: mktex scripts. (line 6) @@ -4032,7 +4037,7 @@ Index * fontnames, arbitrary length: Fontmap. (line 15) * fonts, being created: Simple installation. (line 79) * FOOINPUTS: Supported file formats. - (line 224) + (line 225) * fopen, redefined: Debugging. (line 54) * format of external database: Database format. (line 6) * FreeBSD configure error: Empty Makefiles. (line 6) @@ -4072,7 +4077,7 @@ Index * HOME, as ~ expansion: Tilde expansion. (line 6) * HP-UX, compiling on: TeX or Metafont failing. (line 30) -* identifiers, characters valid in: Config files. (line 41) +* identifiers, characters valid in: Config files. (line 47) * illegal pointer combination warnings: Pointer combination warnings. (line 6) * include fontmap directive: Fontmap. (line 33) @@ -4398,7 +4403,7 @@ Index (line 17) * resolutions, last-resort: Fallback font. (line 6) * retrieving TeX: unixtex.ftp. (line 6) -* right-hand side of variable assignments: Config files. (line 49) +* right-hand side of variable assignments: Config files. (line 56) * Rokicki, Tom: History. (line 12) * root user: Tilde expansion. (line 19) * runtime configuration files: Config files. (line 6) @@ -4424,7 +4429,7 @@ Index (line 164) * sh5, ok with configure: configure shells. (line 25) * shared library, making: Shared library. (line 6) -* shell scripts as configuration files: Config files. (line 72) +* shell scripts as configuration files: Config files. (line 79) * shell variables: Variable expansion. (line 17) * shell_escape, example for code: Programming with config files. (line 10) @@ -4478,11 +4483,11 @@ Index * system dependencies: Running configure. (line 6) * system V universe: Running make. (line 44) * T1FONTS: Supported file formats. - (line 199) + (line 200) * T1INPUTS: Supported file formats. - (line 199) + (line 200) * T42FONTS: Supported file formats. - (line 204) + (line 205) * tcfmgr.map: Specially-recognized files. (line 47) * TDS <1>: TeX directory structure. @@ -4628,7 +4633,7 @@ Index * version numbers, determining: Bug checklist. (line 15) * VF files, not found: Searching overview. (line 31) * VFFONTS: Supported file formats. - (line 207) + (line 208) * VMS support: Custom installation. (line 19) * Vojta, Paul: History. (line 30) * Walsh, Norman: History. (line 57) @@ -4641,13 +4646,13 @@ Index (line 6) * wcstombs: dlopen. (line 6) * WEB2C: Supported file formats. - (line 215) + (line 216) * Weber, Olaf: History. (line 74) * WEBINPUTS: Supported file formats. - (line 211) + (line 212) * whitespace, in fontmap files: Fontmap. (line 28) * whitespace, not ignored on continuation lines: Config files. - (line 31) + (line 37) * www.tug.org: unixtex.ftp. (line 6) * X11 previewer: Kpathsea application distributions. (line 25) @@ -4659,7 +4664,7 @@ Index * XDvi: Specially-recognized files. (line 41) * XDVIFONTS: Supported file formats. - (line 242) + (line 243) * XDVIMAKEPK: mktex script names. (line 32) * XDVISIZES: Fallback font. (line 6) * XLDFLAGS: Running make. (line 29) @@ -4674,83 +4679,83 @@ Index Tag Table: -Node: Top1615 -Node: Introduction2258 -Node: History4080 -Node: Installation8172 -Node: Simple installation8962 -Node: Custom installation12545 -Node: Disk space13719 -Node: Kpathsea application distributions14603 -Node: Changing search paths15718 -Node: Default path features16900 -Node: Default path generation18983 -Node: Running configure20426 -Node: configure shells21477 -Node: configure options22529 -Node: configure environment24036 -Node: configure scenarios25838 -Node: Shared library27424 -Node: Running make28438 -Node: Installing files30485 -Node: Cleaning up32432 -Node: Filename database generation33480 -Node: mktex scripts34047 -Node: mktex configuration35324 -Node: mktex script names41143 -Node: mktex script arguments42534 -Node: Installation testing43424 -Node: Security43788 -Node: TeX directory structure46355 -Node: unixtex.ftp50777 -Node: Reporting bugs52095 -Node: Bug checklist52830 -Node: Mailing lists56527 -Node: Debugging57736 -Node: Logging62814 -Node: Common problems64684 -Node: Unable to find files65515 -Node: Slow path searching67926 -Node: Unable to generate fonts69303 -Node: TeX or Metafont failing71812 -Node: Empty Makefiles73691 -Node: XtStrings74928 -Node: dlopen75764 -Node: ShellWidgetClass76582 -Node: Pointer combination warnings78214 -Node: Path searching78603 -Node: Searching overview79250 -Node: Path sources82646 -Node: Config files83717 -Node: Path expansion87362 -Node: Default expansion88311 -Node: Variable expansion90381 -Node: Tilde expansion91784 -Node: Brace expansion92764 -Node: KPSE_DOT expansion93869 -Node: Subdirectory expansion94382 -Node: Filename database96733 -Node: ls-R97787 -Node: Filename aliases100681 -Node: Database format101859 -Node: Invoking kpsewhich102872 -Node: Path searching options103818 -Node: Specially-recognized files111982 -Node: Auxiliary tasks113338 -Node: Standard options115163 -Node: TeX support115519 -Node: Supported file formats116810 -Node: File lookup124327 -Node: Glyph lookup126076 -Node: Basic glyph lookup127200 -Node: Fontmap128079 -Node: Fallback font130696 -Node: Suppressing warnings131609 -Node: Programming132714 -Node: Programming overview133227 -Node: Calling sequence135921 -Node: Program-specific files142444 -Node: Programming with config files143467 -Node: Index144779 +Node: Top1621 +Node: Introduction2265 +Node: History4088 +Node: Installation8180 +Node: Simple installation8970 +Node: Custom installation12553 +Node: Disk space13727 +Node: Kpathsea application distributions14611 +Node: Changing search paths15726 +Node: Default path features16908 +Node: Default path generation18991 +Node: Running configure20434 +Node: configure shells21485 +Node: configure options22537 +Node: configure environment24044 +Node: configure scenarios25846 +Node: Shared library27432 +Node: Running make28446 +Node: Installing files30493 +Node: Cleaning up32440 +Node: Filename database generation33488 +Node: mktex scripts34055 +Node: mktex configuration35332 +Node: mktex script names41151 +Node: mktex script arguments42542 +Node: Installation testing43428 +Node: Security43792 +Node: TeX directory structure46359 +Node: unixtex.ftp50781 +Node: Reporting bugs52115 +Node: Bug checklist52850 +Node: Mailing lists56547 +Node: Debugging57756 +Node: Logging62834 +Node: Common problems64704 +Node: Unable to find files65535 +Node: Slow path searching67946 +Node: Unable to generate fonts69323 +Node: TeX or Metafont failing71832 +Node: Empty Makefiles73711 +Node: XtStrings74948 +Node: dlopen75784 +Node: ShellWidgetClass76602 +Node: Pointer combination warnings78234 +Node: Path searching78623 +Node: Searching overview79270 +Node: Path sources82666 +Node: Config files83737 +Node: Path expansion87664 +Node: Default expansion88613 +Node: Variable expansion90683 +Node: Tilde expansion92086 +Node: Brace expansion93066 +Node: KPSE_DOT expansion93991 +Node: Subdirectory expansion94504 +Node: Filename database96855 +Node: ls-R97909 +Node: Filename aliases100803 +Node: Database format101981 +Node: Invoking kpsewhich102994 +Node: Path searching options103940 +Node: Specially-recognized files112111 +Node: Auxiliary tasks113467 +Node: Standard options115292 +Node: TeX support115648 +Node: Supported file formats116939 +Node: File lookup124493 +Node: Glyph lookup126242 +Node: Basic glyph lookup127366 +Node: Fontmap128245 +Node: Fallback font130862 +Node: Suppressing warnings131775 +Node: Programming132880 +Node: Programming overview133393 +Node: Calling sequence136087 +Node: Program-specific files142610 +Node: Programming with config files143633 +Node: Index144945 End Tag Table diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/info/web2c.info b/Master/texmf/doc/info/web2c.info index 6b628f45a08..2fccd20508a 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/info/web2c.info +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/info/web2c.info @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Web2c This document describes how to install and use the programs in the Web2c implementation of the TeX system, especially for Unix systems. It -corresponds to Web2c version 2010, released in July 2010. +corresponds to Web2c version 2011, released in April 2011. * Menu: @@ -83,7 +83,8 @@ File: web2c.info, Node: Introduction, Next: Installation, Prev: Top, Up: Top 1 Introduction ************** -This manual corresponds to version 2010 of Web2c, released in July 2010. +This manual corresponds to version 2011 of Web2c, released in April +2011. "Web2c" is the name of a TeX implementation, originally for Unix, but now also running under DOS, Amiga, and other operating systems. By @@ -515,8 +516,7 @@ common: `-ini' Enable the "initial" form of the program (*note Initial and virgin::). This is implicitly set if the program name is `initex' - resp. `inimf' resp. `inimpost', although these variants are no - longer typically installed. + resp. `inimf'. `-interaction=STRING' Set the interaction mode from the command line. The STRING must @@ -537,12 +537,7 @@ common: `-output-directory=DIRNAME' Specify the directory DIRNAME to which output files are written. Also look for input files in DIRNAME first, before looking along - the normal search path. This is useful when you are in some - read-only distribution directory, perhaps on a CD-ROM, and want to - TeX some documentation, for example. Note that for input files - the "search" in DIRNAME does not use the full generality of the - search mechanism. This means that some files are not found there - even though you might expect them to be. + the normal search path. *Note Output file location::. `-parse-first-line' `-no-parse-first-line' @@ -563,6 +558,14 @@ common: `.fls'. For Aleph, this option is always on, and the file has extension `.ofl'. + Ordinarily, the `.fls' file is written to the same location as the + `.log' file, for example, respecting `-output-directory' if it is + given (*note Output file location::). However, if TeX processing + is done on the command line (or in response to the `**' prompt), + the `.fls' might be written to the current directory, or include + an integer (the current pid), as in `texput1234.fls'. You can use + `-jobname' to explicitly set the basename. + `-translate-file=TCXFILE' Use TCXFILE to define which characters are printable and translations between the internal and external character sets. @@ -623,13 +626,14 @@ in the specified directory instead. *Note Common options::. If the current directory is not writable, and `-output-directory' is not specified, the main programs (TeX, Metafont, MetaPost, and BibTeX) -make an exception: if the config file value `TEXMFOUTPUT' is set (it is -not by default), output files are written to the directory specified. +make an exception: if the config file or environment variable value +`TEXMFOUTPUT' is set (it is not by default), output files are written +to the directory specified. `TEXMFOUTPUT' is also checked for input files, as TeX often generates files that need to be subsequently read; for input, no -suffixes (such as `.tex') are added by default, the input name is -simply checked as given. +suffixes (such as `.tex') are added by default and no exhaustive path +searching is done, the input name is simply checked as given. File: web2c.info, Node: Three programs, Prev: Output file location, Up: Commonalities @@ -646,7 +650,7 @@ Runtime options::. * Menu: * Initial and virgin:: Making memory dumps vs. production runs. -* Memory dumps:: .fmt/.base/.mem files for fast startup. +* Memory dumps:: .fmt/.base files for fast startup. * Editor invocation:: The `e' response at errors. * \input filenames:: ~ and $ expansion in TeX/MF/MP. @@ -656,16 +660,13 @@ File: web2c.info, Node: Initial and virgin, Next: Memory dumps, Up: Three pro 3.5.1 Initial and virgin ------------------------ -The TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost programs each have two main variants, -called "initial" and "virgin". As of Web2c 7, one executable suffices -for both variants, and in fact, the `ini...' executables are no longer -created. +The TeX and Metafont programs each have two main variants, called +"initial" and "virgin". MetaPost no longer makes this distinction. The initial form is enabled if: 1. the `-ini' option was specified; or - 2. the program name is `initex' resp. `inimf' resp. `inimpost' - (these variants are no longer typically installed); or + 2. the program name is `initex' resp. `inimf'; or 3. the first line of the main input file is `%&ini'; otherwise, the virgin form is used. @@ -685,9 +686,9 @@ File: web2c.info, Node: Memory dumps, Next: Editor invocation, Prev: Initial 3.5.2 Memory dumps ------------------ -In typical use, TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost require a large number of -macros to be predefined; therefore, they support "memory dump" files, -which can be read much more efficiently than ordinary source code. +In typical use, TeX and Metafont require a large number of macros to be +predefined; therefore, they support "memory dump" files, which can be +read much more efficiently than ordinary source code. * Menu: @@ -720,9 +721,6 @@ TeX Metafont (`.base') *Note Initial Metafont::. -MetaPost - (`.mem') *Note Initial MetaPost::. - When making memory dumps, the programs read environment variables and configuration files for path searching and other values as usual. If you are making a new installation and have environment variables @@ -744,8 +742,7 @@ programs determine the memory dump to use in the same way: name. For example, running `tex \&super' reads `super.fmt'. (The backslash protects the `&' against interpretation by the shell.) - 2. If the `-fmt' resp. `-base' resp. `-mem' option is specified, its - value is used. + 2. If the `-fmt' resp. `-base' option is specified, its value is used. 3. If the `-progname' option is specified, its value is used. @@ -762,9 +759,8 @@ programs determine the memory dump to use in the same way: If this is done, the name of the dump must be given first. 5. Otherwise, the program uses the program invocation name, most - commonly `tex' resp. `mf' resp. `mpost'. For example, if `latex' - is a link to `tex', and the user runs `latex foo', `latex.fmt' - will be used. + commonly `tex' resp. `mf'. For example, if `latex' is a link to + `tex', and the user runs `latex foo', `latex.fmt' will be used. @@ -794,8 +790,8 @@ files cannot be guaranteed to work. Floating-point values are always written in native format, and hence will generally not be readable across platforms. Fortunately, TeX uses floating point only to represent glue ratios, and all common formats (plain, LaTeX, AMSTeX, -...) do not do any glue setting at `.fmt'-creation time. Metafont and -MetaPost do not use floating point in any dumped value at all. +...) do not do any glue setting at `.fmt'-creation time. Metafont does +not use floating point in any dumped value at all. Incidentally, different memory dump files will never compare equal byte-for-byte, because the program always dumps the current date and @@ -833,13 +829,15 @@ File: web2c.info, Node: Editor invocation, Next: \input filenames, Prev: Memo ----------------------- TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost all (by default) stop and ask for user -intervention at an error. If the user responds with `e' or `E', the -program invokes an editor. +intervention at an error. If the input came from a file, and the user +responds with `e' or `E', the program invokes an editor. Specifying `--with-editor=CMD' to `configure' sets the default editor command string to CMD. The environment variables/configuration values `TEXEDIT', `MFEDIT', and `MPEDIT' (respectively) override this. -If `--with-editor' is not specified, the default is `vi +%d %s'. +If `--with-editor' is not specified, the default is `vi +%d %s' on +Unix, and an invocation of the TeXworks editor on Windows. (See +`texmf.cnf' for the precise values.) In this string, `%d' is replaced by the line number of the error, and `%s' is replaced by the name of the current input file. @@ -1933,9 +1931,9 @@ default. You can make your own by copying one of the existing files, such as `.../fonts/source/public/misc/slantlj4.mf' and then running `mf' on it. - For testing purposes, you may it useful to run `mf rtest' (hit -RETURN when it stops) to get a `gf' file of a thorn glyph. Or use -`mfw' instead of `mf' to have the glyph(s) displayed on the screen. + For testing purposes, you may it useful to run `mf-nowin rtest' (hit +RETURN when it stops) to get a `gf' file of a thorn glyph. Or use `mf' +instead of `mf-nowin' to have the glyph(s) displayed on the screen. After that, `gftodvi rtest.2602gf' should produce `rtest.dvi', which you process as usual. @@ -2189,37 +2187,21 @@ File: web2c.info, Node: Initial MetaPost, Next: dvitomp invocation, Prev: mpo 6.2 Initial MetaPost ==================== -`inimpost' is the "initial" form of MetaPost, which does lengthy -initializations avoided by the "virgin" (`vir') form, so as to be -capable of dumping `.mem' files (*note Memory dumps::). For a detailed -comparison of virgin and initial forms, see *note Initial and virgin::. -In past releases, a separate program `inimpost' was installed for the -initial form, but this is no longer the case. +As of MetaPost 1.504 (TeX Live 2011), MetaPost no longer dumps `.mem' +files (*note Memory dumps::) and does not distinguish virgin and +initial forms (*note Initial and virgin::). Instead, the "initial" +file name is read in its source form--that is, `mpost.mp' when the +program is invoked as `mpost'. For a list of options and other information, see *note mpost invocation::. - The principal memory dump file used with MetaPost is the default, -`plain.mem', also known as `mpost.mem' (again, *note Memory dumps::). -It is created by default during installation, but you can also do so by -hand if necessary (e.g., if a `plain.mp' update is issued): - mpost -ini '\input plain dump' - (The quotes prevent interpretation of the backslashes from the -shell.) Then install the resulting `plain.mem' in `$(memdir)' -(`/usr/local/share/texmf/web2c' by default), and link `mpost.mem' to it. - - MetaPost also provides a mem file with all the features of plain -Metafont, called `mfplain.mem'. You can create that in the same way; -just replace `plain' in the above command with `mfplain'. -`mfplain.mem' file lets you directly process Metafont source files with -MetaPost, producing character proofs (one file for each character) -similar to those produced with Metafont in proof mode and GFtoDVI -(*note gftodvi invocation::). - - Another MetaPost mem file, named MetaFun, provides many advanced -features. It was developed and maintained by Pragma ADE. The home -page for MetaFun, other MetaPost-related things, and lots more from -Pragma: `http://www.pragma-ade.com/'. + MetaPost provides a format with all the features of plain Metafont, +called `mfplain'. You can use that in the same way; just run `mfplain' +instead of `mpost'. This lets you directly process Metafont source +files with MetaPost, producing character proofs (one file for each +character) similar to those produced with Metafont in proof mode and +GFtoDVI (*note gftodvi invocation::). File: web2c.info, Node: dvitomp invocation, Prev: Initial MetaPost, Up: MetaPost @@ -3408,12 +3390,14 @@ Appendix B References 7. [Bil87] Neenie Billawala. Write-white printing engines and tuning fonts with Metafont. `TUGboat', 8(1):29-32, April 1987. + `http://tug.org/TUGboat/tb08-1/tb17billawala.pdf'. 8. [GMS94] Michel Goossens, Frank Mittelbach, and Alexander Samarin. `The LaTeX Companion'. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1994. 9. [Hob89] John D. Hobby. A Metafont-like system with PS output. `TUGboat', 10(4):505-512, December 1989. + `http://tug.org/metapost'. 10. [Hob92] John D. Hobby. A User's Manual for MetaPost. Technical Report CSTR-162, AT&T Bell Laboratories, 1992. @@ -3463,6 +3447,7 @@ Appendix B References 22. [Knu90] Donald Knuth. Virtual Fonts: More Fun for Grand Wizards. `TUGboat', 11(1):13-23, April 1990. + `http://tug.org/TUGboat/tb11-1/tb27knut.pdf'. 23. [Knu92] Donald E. Knuth. `Literate Programming'. CSLI Lecture Notes Number 27. Stanford University Center for the Study of @@ -3474,6 +3459,7 @@ Appendix B References 25. [Lia83] Franklin Mark Liang. Word hy-phen-a-tion by com-pu-ter. Technical Report STAN-CS-83-977, Stanford University, August 1983. + `http://tug.org/docs/liang/liang-thesis.pdf'. 26. [Mac91] Pierre A. MacKay. Looking at the pixels: Quality control for 300 dpi laser printer fonts, especially Metafonts. In @@ -3505,7 +3491,7 @@ Index (line 6) * $ expansion in filenames: \input filenames. (line 48) * %& magic number: Determining the memory dump to use. - (line 20) + (line 19) * - starting a filename: Option conventions. (line 19) * - starts option names: Option conventions. (line 11) * -- starts option names: Option conventions. (line 11) @@ -3538,7 +3524,7 @@ Index (line 59) * --with-x: Online Metafont graphics. (line 57) -* -8bit: Common options. (line 103) +* -8bit: Common options. (line 105) * -base=BASE: Determining the memory dump to use. (line 15) * -base=DUMPNAME: Common options. (line 34) @@ -3560,13 +3546,13 @@ Index (line 69) * -halt-on-error: Common options. (line 41) * -images: gftype invocation. (line 26) -* -ini <1>: Initial and virgin. (line 12) +* -ini <1>: Initial and virgin. (line 10) * -ini: Common options. (line 45) -* -interaction=STRING: Common options. (line 51) +* -interaction=STRING: Common options. (line 50) * -ipc: tex invocation. (line 95) * -ipc-start: tex invocation. (line 95) -* -jobname=STRING: Common options. (line 56) -* -kpathsea-debug=NUMBER: Common options. (line 60) +* -jobname=STRING: Common options. (line 55) +* -kpathsea-debug=NUMBER: Common options. (line 59) * -length=NUMBER: tangle invocation. (line 27) * -loose: tangle invocation. (line 46) * -lowercase: tangle invocation. (line 35) @@ -3575,8 +3561,6 @@ Index * -max-pages=N <1>: dvitype invocation. (line 33) * -max-pages=N: dvicopy invocation. (line 25) * -mem=DUMPNAME: Common options. (line 34) -* -mem=MEM: Determining the memory dump to use. - (line 15) * -min-crossrefs=N: bibtex invocation. (line 31) * -mixedcase: tangle invocation. (line 35) * -mktex=FILETYPE <1>: mf invocation. (line 87) @@ -3586,22 +3570,22 @@ Index * -no-file-line-error: Common options. (line 26) * -no-mktex=FILETYPE <1>: mf invocation. (line 87) * -no-mktex=FILETYPE: tex invocation. (line 105) -* -no-parse-first-line: Common options. (line 78) +* -no-parse-first-line: Common options. (line 72) * -no-shell-escape: tex invocation. (line 123) -* -oem: Common options. (line 108) +* -oem: Common options. (line 110) * -output-comment=STRING: tex invocation. (line 115) * -output-directory <1>: Output file location. (line 15) -* -output-directory: Common options. (line 67) +* -output-directory: Common options. (line 66) * -output-level=N: dvitype invocation. (line 36) * -overflow-label-offset=POINTS: gftodvi invocation. (line 59) * -page-start=PAGE-SPEC <1>: dvitype invocation. (line 50) * -page-start=PAGE-SPEC: dvicopy invocation. (line 28) -* -parse-first-line: Common options. (line 77) +* -parse-first-line: Common options. (line 71) * -progname=STRING <1>: Determining the memory dump to use. - (line 18) -* -progname=STRING: Common options. (line 83) -* -recorder: Common options. (line 90) + (line 17) +* -progname=STRING: Common options. (line 77) +* -recorder: Common options. (line 84) * -shell-escape: tex invocation. (line 122) * -shell-restricted: tex invocation. (line 124) * -show-opcodes: dvitype invocation. (line 56) @@ -3610,7 +3594,7 @@ Index * -T: mpost invocation. (line 118) * -terse: bibtex invocation. (line 28) * -tex=TEXPROGRAM: mpost invocation. (line 121) -* -translate-file=TCXFILE: Common options. (line 96) +* -translate-file=TCXFILE: Common options. (line 98) * -troff: mpost invocation. (line 118) * -underline: tangle invocation. (line 41) * -uppercase: tangle invocation. (line 35) @@ -3624,14 +3608,13 @@ Index * .bib bibliography databases: bibtex invocation. (line 6) * .blg BibTeX log file: bibtex invocation. (line 14) * .fmt: Initial TeX. (line 6) -* .mem: Initial MetaPost. (line 6) * .mf: mf invocation. (line 24) * .mp: mpost invocation. (line 31) * .mps files and PDF: mpost invocation. (line 89) * .NNN PostScript figures: mpost invocation. (line 37) * .NNNgf generic fonts: mf invocation. (line 34) * .tcx character translation files <1>: TCX files. (line 6) -* .tcx character translation files: Common options. (line 96) +* .tcx character translation files: Common options. (line 98) * .tex: tex invocation. (line 20) * .tfm output <1>: mpost invocation. (line 37) * .tfm output: mf invocation. (line 43) @@ -3640,8 +3623,8 @@ Index * .Xresources: Online Metafont graphics. (line 69) * 2602gf: mf invocation. (line 48) -* 8 bit clean: Common options. (line 103) -* 8 bit clean output, specifying: Common options. (line 103) +* 8 bit clean: Common options. (line 105) +* 8 bit clean output, specifying: Common options. (line 105) * 8-bit characters: TCX files. (line 6) * \bibliography: bibtex invocation. (line 18) * \bibliographystyle: bibtex invocation. (line 18) @@ -3670,7 +3653,7 @@ Index (line 16) * accented character: TCX files. (line 6) * accents, hyphenating words with: MLTeX. (line 6) -* acknowledgements: Introduction. (line 50) +* acknowledgements: Introduction. (line 51) * acm.bst: Basic BibTeX style files. (line 19) * Ada, WEB for: WEB. (line 13) @@ -3713,7 +3696,7 @@ Index * BDF and GF conversion: Font utilities available elsewhere. (line 15) * beginfig: mpost invocation. (line 37) -* Berry, Karl: Introduction. (line 40) +* Berry, Karl: Introduction. (line 41) * BIBINPUTS, search path for bib files: bibtex invocation. (line 18) * bibliographies, creating: BibTeX. (line 6) * bibliography: References. (line 6) @@ -3725,11 +3708,11 @@ Index (line 6) * BigEndian machines: Hardware and memory dumps. (line 6) -* binaries, linking: Common options. (line 83) +* binaries, linking: Common options. (line 77) * blank lines, in TCX files: TCX files. (line 67) * boxes, memory for: Runtime options. (line 20) * breakpoints, memory for: Runtime options. (line 20) -* Breitenlohner, Peter: Introduction. (line 8) +* Breitenlohner, Peter: Introduction. (line 9) * BSTINPUTS, search path for bst files: bibtex invocation. (line 18) * btex for MetaPost labels: mpost invocation. (line 50) * btxdoc.bib: bibtex invocation. (line 48) @@ -3798,13 +3781,13 @@ Index * cross-references, omitting: weave invocation. (line 22) * current directory, used for output: Output file location. (line 6) -* Curtis, Pavel: Introduction. (line 40) +* Curtis, Pavel: Introduction. (line 41) * CWEB: WEB. (line 13) * Cweb: WEB. (line 13) * date and time, in memory dumps: Hardware and memory dumps. (line 30) * debugging DVI utilities: dvitype invocation. (line 56) -* debugging flags, specifying: Common options. (line 60) +* debugging flags, specifying: Common options. (line 59) * decimal character codes, in TCX files: TCX files. (line 78) * dependencies, hardware: Hardware and memory dumps. (line 6) @@ -3870,10 +3853,10 @@ Index * FAMILY property: tftopl invocation. (line 96) * Ferguson, Michael: MLTeX. (line 6) * file formats for fonts: Font file formats. (line 6) -* file recorder: Common options. (line 90) +* file recorder: Common options. (line 84) * filename conventions, in input files: \input filenames. (line 6) * filenames starting with -: Option conventions. (line 19) -* first line of the main input file: Common options. (line 96) +* first line of the main input file: Common options. (line 98) * fixed-point arithmetic: Compile-time options. (line 22) * FIXPT: Compile-time options. @@ -3912,7 +3895,7 @@ Index * fraction routines: Compile-time options. (line 22) * Free Software Foundation documentation system: Formats. (line 47) -* freedom of Web2c: Introduction. (line 22) +* freedom of Web2c: Introduction. (line 23) * ftp.math.utah.edu: bibtex invocation. (line 54) * generating source specials: tex invocation. (line 136) * geometric designs: Metafont. (line 6) @@ -3949,12 +3932,12 @@ Index * headerbyte information: tftopl invocation. (line 96) * height, in pixels: pktype invocation. (line 62) * help, online: Common options. (line 11) -* Henry, Patrick: Introduction. (line 22) +* Henry, Patrick: Introduction. (line 23) * Herberts, Mathias: Online Metafont graphics. (line 20) * hex character codes, in TCX files: TCX files. (line 78) -* history: Introduction. (line 40) -* Hobby, John: Introduction. (line 8) +* history: Introduction. (line 41) +* Hobby, John: Introduction. (line 9) * horizontal escapement <1>: gftype invocation. (line 107) * horizontal escapement: pktype invocation. (line 57) * hp2627: Online Metafont graphics. @@ -3970,7 +3953,7 @@ Index * hyphenation and languages: Languages and hyphenation. (line 6) * hyphenation patterns, creating: patgen invocation. (line 6) -* ice cream: Introduction. (line 22) +* ice cream: Introduction. (line 23) * identifier case: tangle invocation. (line 35) * identifier collisions: tangle invocation. (line 46) * identifier length: tangle invocation. (line 27) @@ -3983,9 +3966,9 @@ Index * initial form, enabling: Common options. (line 45) * initial Metafont: Initial Metafont. (line 6) * initial MetaPost: Initial MetaPost. (line 6) -* initial programs: Initial and virgin. (line 24) +* initial programs: Initial and virgin. (line 21) * initial TeX: Initial TeX. (line 6) -* initializations, lengthy: Initial and virgin. (line 24) +* initializations, lengthy: Initial and virgin. (line 21) * input filenames: \input filenames. (line 6) * install-bases Make target: Additional targets. (line 29) * install-fmts Make target: Additional targets. (line 25) @@ -3993,19 +3976,19 @@ Index * install-mems Make target: Additional targets. (line 34) * installation: Installation. (line 6) * interaction between TCX files and -8bit.: TCX files. (line 105) -* interaction mode: Common options. (line 51) +* interaction mode: Common options. (line 50) * international characters: TCX files. (line 6) * introduction: Introduction. (line 6) * IPC: IPC and TeX. (line 6) * IPC_DEBUG <1>: IPC and TeX. (line 13) * IPC_DEBUG: Compile-time options. (line 29) -* job name: Common options. (line 56) +* job name: Common options. (line 55) * kerning table, in TFM files: tftopl invocation. (line 102) * keyboard character code, translating: TCX files. (line 102) * Knuth, Donald E. <1>: mft invocation. (line 58) -* Knuth, Donald E.: Introduction. (line 8) -* KPATHSEA_DEBUG: Common options. (line 60) +* Knuth, Donald E.: Introduction. (line 9) +* KPATHSEA_DEBUG: Common options. (line 59) * KRN property: tftopl invocation. (line 102) * label font: gftodvi invocation. (line 36) * LABEL property: tftopl invocation. (line 102) @@ -4018,13 +4001,13 @@ Index * left side bearing <1>: gftype invocation. (line 82) * left side bearing: pktype invocation. (line 66) * legalisms: Legalisms. (line 6) -* licensing terms: Introduction. (line 22) +* licensing terms: Introduction. (line 23) * LIG property: tftopl invocation. (line 102) * ligature table, in TFM files: tftopl invocation. (line 102) * LIGTABLE property: tftopl invocation. (line 102) -* linking binaries: Common options. (line 83) +* linking binaries: Common options. (line 77) * links to binaries: Determining the memory dump to use. - (line 32) + (line 31) * literate programming: WEB. (line 6) * LittleEndian machines: Hardware and memory dumps. (line 6) @@ -4045,13 +4028,11 @@ Index * magnification: dvicopy invocation. (line 20) * main_memory: Runtime options. (line 15) * Make targets, additional: Additional targets. (line 6) -* Martin, Rick: Introduction. (line 50) +* Martin, Rick: Introduction. (line 51) * Mathematical Reviews: Formats. (line 39) * mathematical typesetting: TeX. (line 6) * mem file, determining: Determining the memory dump to use. (line 6) -* mem files: Initial MetaPost. (line 6) -* mem files, plain only: Initial MetaPost. (line 16) * mem files, sharing: Hardware and memory dumps. (line 6) * memory dump to use, determining: Determining the memory dump to use. @@ -4076,14 +4057,12 @@ Index * Metafont online support, new devices: Online Metafont graphics. (line 80) * Metafont source, prettyprinting: mft invocation. (line 6) -* Metafont, compatibility in MetaPost: Initial MetaPost. (line 25) +* Metafont, compatibility in MetaPost: Initial MetaPost. (line 15) * Metafont, initial: Initial Metafont. (line 6) * Metafont, MetaPost, and TeX: Three programs. (line 6) -* MetaFun, enhanced MetaPost: Initial MetaPost. (line 33) -* metafun.mp: Initial MetaPost. (line 33) * MetaPost: MetaPost. (line 6) * MetaPost and plain Metafont compatibility: Initial MetaPost. - (line 25) + (line 15) * MetaPost input files: mpost invocation. (line 31) * MetaPost invocation: mpost invocation. (line 6) * MetaPost source, prettyprinting: mft invocation. (line 80) @@ -4094,7 +4073,7 @@ Index * mf: mf invocation. (line 6) * mf.base: Initial Metafont. (line 16) * MFEDIT: Editor invocation. (line 10) -* mfplain.mem: Initial MetaPost. (line 25) +* mfplain: Initial MetaPost. (line 15) * mfput: mf invocation. (line 34) * mft: mft invocation. (line 6) * mftalk: Online Metafont graphics. @@ -4112,14 +4091,13 @@ Index * mode_setup: Modes. (line 15) * modes file needed for Metafont: Modes. (line 6) * modes.mf recommended modes file: Modes. (line 10) -* Morgan, Tim: Introduction. (line 40) -* Morris, Bob: Introduction. (line 50) +* Morgan, Tim: Introduction. (line 41) +* Morris, Bob: Introduction. (line 51) * MPEDIT: Editor invocation. (line 10) * mpgraph.ps: mpost invocation. (line 19) * mpman.ps: mpost invocation. (line 6) * mpost: mpost invocation. (line 6) * mpost, reason for name change: Installation. (line 19) -* mpost.mem: Initial MetaPost. (line 16) * mpout: mpost invocation. (line 37) * mproof.tex: mpost invocation. (line 73) * mptrap Make target: Additional targets. (line 41) @@ -4149,7 +4127,7 @@ Index * origin: pktype invocation. (line 66) * output directory, specifying <1>: Output file location. (line 15) -* output directory, specifying: Common options. (line 67) +* output directory, specifying: Common options. (line 66) * output file location: Output file location. (line 6) * output files, written by TeX programs: tex invocation. (line 51) @@ -4158,11 +4136,11 @@ Index * packet length: pktype invocation. (line 50) * page, starting <1>: dvitype invocation. (line 50) * page, starting: dvicopy invocation. (line 28) -* parsing the first line: Common options. (line 78) +* parsing the first line: Common options. (line 72) * Pascal, creating from WEB: tangle invocation. (line 6) * patgen: patgen invocation. (line 6) * path searching: Path searching. (line 6) -* path searching debugging: Common options. (line 60) +* path searching debugging: Common options. (line 59) * PDF: TeX extensions. (line 20) * PDF, and .mps files: mpost invocation. (line 89) * pdfTeX: TeX extensions. (line 20) @@ -4187,7 +4165,7 @@ Index * pktype.web: Font utilities. (line 11) * PL files, explained: Font file formats. (line 47) * plain Metafont, compatibility in MetaPost: Initial MetaPost. - (line 25) + (line 15) * plain text, converting DVI to: dvitype invocation. (line 6) * plain text, converting GF to: gftype invocation. (line 6) * plain text, converting PK to: pktype invocation. (line 6) @@ -4197,7 +4175,6 @@ Index * plain.bst: Basic BibTeX style files. (line 11) * plain.fmt: Initial TeX. (line 15) -* plain.mem: Initial MetaPost. (line 16) * plain.mft: mft invocation. (line 68) * pltotf: pltotf invocation. (line 6) * pool file, writing: tangle invocation. (line 16) @@ -4215,16 +4192,15 @@ Index * PostScript, and font scaling: Font file formats. (line 22) * potrace: Font utilities available elsewhere. (line 46) -* Pragma ADE: Initial MetaPost. (line 33) * predefined macros and memory dumps: Memory dumps. (line 6) * prettyprinting Metafont source: mft invocation. (line 6) * prettyprinting WEB programs: weave invocation. (line 6) * primitives, new: TeX extensions. (line 10) * printable characters, specifying: TCX files. (line 88) * printer characteristics, for Metafont: Modes. (line 6) -* production use: Initial and virgin. (line 20) +* production use: Initial and virgin. (line 17) * program name, determines memory dump: Determining the memory dump to use. - (line 32) + (line 31) * program names, special <1>: tex invocation. (line 110) * program names, special: Common options. (line 45) * prologues: mpost invocation. (line 118) @@ -4241,7 +4217,7 @@ Index * pxtoch: Font utilities available elsewhere. (line 23) * Raichle, Bernd: MLTeX. (line 6) -* reading, additional: Introduction. (line 58) +* reading, additional: Introduction. (line 59) * readonly directory, running TeX in: Output file location. (line 15) * reallocation of arrays: Runtime options. (line 36) @@ -4258,7 +4234,7 @@ Index * restricted shell escapes: Shell escapes. (line 6) * right side bearing <1>: gftype invocation. (line 82) * right side bearing: pktype invocation. (line 66) -* Rokicki, Tomas: Introduction. (line 40) +* Rokicki, Tomas: Introduction. (line 41) * run length encoded bitmaps <1>: gftype invocation. (line 89) * run length encoded bitmaps: pktype invocation. (line 76) * runtime options: Runtime options. (line 6) @@ -4289,13 +4265,13 @@ Index * sockets: IPC and TeX. (line 6) * space-terminated filenames: \input filenames. (line 10) * Spiderweb: WEB. (line 13) -* Stallman, Richard: Introduction. (line 50) +* Stallman, Richard: Introduction. (line 51) * starting page <1>: dvitype invocation. (line 50) * starting page: dvicopy invocation. (line 28) * Steele Jr., Guy L.: Hardware and memory dumps. (line 34) * stopping at the first error: Common options. (line 41) -* strategy, overall: Introduction. (line 16) +* strategy, overall: Introduction. (line 17) * string numbers, displaying: pooltype invocation. (line 6) * string pool, writing: tangle invocation. (line 16) * string representation: pooltype invocation. (line 30) @@ -4342,7 +4318,7 @@ Index * TeX, input files found: tex invocation. (line 20) * TeX, invocation: tex invocation. (line 6) * TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost: Three programs. (line 6) -* TeX, Web2c implementation of: Introduction. (line 8) +* TeX, Web2c implementation of: Introduction. (line 9) * tex.fmt: Initial TeX. (line 15) * TEXBIB, search path for bib files: bibtex invocation. (line 18) * TEXEDIT: Editor invocation. (line 10) @@ -4352,7 +4328,7 @@ Index * texmfmp.c: Online Metafont graphics. (line 80) * TEXMFOUTPUT, used for reading: Output file location. - (line 24) + (line 25) * TEXMFOUTPUT, used if . unwritable: Output file location. (line 19) * texput: tex invocation. (line 35) @@ -4371,12 +4347,12 @@ Index * toolkits, X: Online Metafont graphics. (line 59) * torture tests: Triptrap. (line 6) -* translation file for TeX, specifying: Common options. (line 96) -* translation from WEB to C: Introduction. (line 16) +* translation file for TeX, specifying: Common options. (line 98) +* translation from WEB to C: Introduction. (line 17) * trap Make target: Additional targets. (line 41) * trap test: Triptrap. (line 6) * trapman.tex: Triptrap. (line 6) -* Trickey, Howard: Introduction. (line 40) +* Trickey, Howard: Introduction. (line 41) * trip Make target: Additional targets. (line 41) * trip test: Triptrap. (line 6) * tripman.tex: Triptrap. (line 6) @@ -4402,7 +4378,7 @@ Index (line 50) * unsrt.bst: Basic BibTeX style files. (line 39) -* using local codepage to display messages: Common options. (line 108) +* using local codepage to display messages: Common options. (line 110) * UTF-8 input: tex invocation. (line 89) * validation, of DVI files: dvitype invocation. (line 6) * validation, of GF files: gftype invocation. (line 6) @@ -4415,7 +4391,7 @@ Index * vertical escapement: gftype invocation. (line 107) * VF files, converting property lists to: vptovf invocation. (line 6) * vftovp: vftovp invocation. (line 6) -* virgin programs: Initial and virgin. (line 20) +* virgin programs: Initial and virgin. (line 17) * virtual font creation: Font utilities available elsewhere. (line 53) * virtual fonts, expanding: dvicopy invocation. (line 6) @@ -4429,7 +4405,7 @@ Index * WEB programs, compiling: tangle invocation. (line 6) * WEB programs, typesetting: weave invocation. (line 6) * WEB2C, search path for TCX files: TCX files. (line 36) -* Weber, Olaf: Introduction. (line 40) +* Weber, Olaf: Introduction. (line 41) * webmac.tex: weave invocation. (line 22) * webman.tex: WEB. (line 13) * whitespace, in TCX files: TCX files. (line 69) @@ -4474,74 +4450,74 @@ Index Tag Table: Node: Top2812 -Node: Introduction3806 -Node: Installation6978 -Node: configure options9142 -Node: Compile-time options11224 -Node: Additional targets12350 -Node: Triptrap13631 -Node: Runtime options15160 -Node: Commonalities16932 -Node: Option conventions17537 -Node: Common options18761 -Node: Path searching23273 -Node: Output file location24295 -Node: Three programs25555 -Node: Initial and virgin26314 -Node: Memory dumps27414 -Node: Creating memory dumps27881 -Node: Determining the memory dump to use29142 -Node: Hardware and memory dumps30766 -Node: Editor invocation33235 -Node: \input filenames33965 -Node: TeX36958 -Node: tex invocation38104 -Node: Initial TeX45074 -Node: Formats46563 -Node: Languages and hyphenation49502 -Node: MLTeX49932 -Node: \charsubdef51427 -Node: \tracingcharsubdef53753 -Node: TCX files54328 -Node: patgen invocation59752 -Node: Shell escapes60469 -Node: IPC and TeX64033 -Node: TeX extensions64603 -Node: Metafont65735 -Node: mf invocation67023 -Node: Initial Metafont70906 -Node: Modes72659 -Node: Online Metafont graphics74915 -Node: gftodvi invocation78330 +Node: Introduction3807 +Node: Installation6980 +Node: configure options9144 +Node: Compile-time options11226 +Node: Additional targets12352 +Node: Triptrap13633 +Node: Runtime options15162 +Node: Commonalities16934 +Node: Option conventions17539 +Node: Common options18763 +Node: Path searching23336 +Node: Output file location24358 +Node: Three programs25683 +Node: Initial and virgin26437 +Node: Memory dumps27376 +Node: Creating memory dumps27832 +Node: Determining the memory dump to use29043 +Node: Hardware and memory dumps30630 +Node: Editor invocation33088 +Node: \input filenames33954 +Node: TeX36947 +Node: tex invocation38093 +Node: Initial TeX45063 +Node: Formats46552 +Node: Languages and hyphenation49491 +Node: MLTeX49921 +Node: \charsubdef51416 +Node: \tracingcharsubdef53742 +Node: TCX files54317 +Node: patgen invocation59741 +Node: Shell escapes60458 +Node: IPC and TeX64022 +Node: TeX extensions64592 +Node: Metafont65724 +Node: mf invocation67012 +Node: Initial Metafont70895 +Node: Modes72648 +Node: Online Metafont graphics74904 +Node: gftodvi invocation78319 Node: mft invocation81152 Node: MetaPost85207 Node: mpost invocation85969 Node: Initial MetaPost91227 -Node: dvitomp invocation93038 -Node: BibTeX93703 -Node: bibtex invocation94064 -Node: Basic BibTeX style files96389 -Node: WEB97731 -Node: tangle invocation98939 -Node: weave invocation101062 -Node: pooltype invocation102470 -Node: DVI utilities103600 -Node: dvicopy invocation104544 -Node: dvitype invocation105842 -Node: dvitype output example108197 -Node: Font utilities111248 -Node: Font file formats112428 -Node: gftopk invocation115727 -Node: pktogf invocation116931 -Node: pktype invocation118110 -Node: gftype invocation120945 -Node: tftopl invocation125461 -Node: pltotf invocation130095 -Node: vftovp invocation131160 -Node: vptovf invocation133444 -Node: Font utilities available elsewhere134498 -Node: Legalisms136906 -Node: References139077 -Node: Index143459 +Node: dvitomp invocation92149 +Node: BibTeX92814 +Node: bibtex invocation93175 +Node: Basic BibTeX style files95500 +Node: WEB96842 +Node: tangle invocation98050 +Node: weave invocation100173 +Node: pooltype invocation101581 +Node: DVI utilities102711 +Node: dvicopy invocation103655 +Node: dvitype invocation104953 +Node: dvitype output example107308 +Node: Font utilities110359 +Node: Font file formats111539 +Node: gftopk invocation114838 +Node: pktogf invocation116042 +Node: pktype invocation117221 +Node: gftype invocation120056 +Node: tftopl invocation124572 +Node: pltotf invocation129206 +Node: vftovp invocation130271 +Node: vptovf invocation132555 +Node: Font utilities available elsewhere133609 +Node: Legalisms136017 +Node: References138188 +Node: Index142760 End Tag Table diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/kpathsea/kpathsea.html b/Master/texmf/doc/kpathsea/kpathsea.html index 075aa10f522..123e826ce95 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/kpathsea/kpathsea.html +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/kpathsea/kpathsea.html @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ This file documents the Kpathsea library for path searching. Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, -2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Karl Berry & Olaf Weber. +2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 Karl Berry & Olaf Weber. Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are @@ -170,8 +170,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#dir">(dir)</a> <h2 class="unnumbered">Kpathsea library</h2> <p>This manual documents how to install and use the Kpathsea library for -filename lookup. It corresponds to version 6.0.0, -released in July 2010. +filename lookup. It corresponds to version 6.0.1, +released in April 2011. <ul class="menu"> <li><a accesskey="1" href="#Introduction">Introduction</a>: Overview. @@ -197,8 +197,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">1 Introduction</h2> <p><a name="index-introduction-1"></a><a name="index-fundamental-purpose-of-Kpathsea-2"></a> -This manual corresponds to version 6.0.0 of the Kpathsea -library, released in July 2010. +This manual corresponds to version 6.0.1 of the Kpathsea +library, released in April 2011. <p>The library's fundamental purpose is to return a filename from a list of directories specified by the user, similar to what shells do when @@ -1303,7 +1303,7 @@ also be passed: <dl> <dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--dpi </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd>Sets the resolution of the generated font to <var>num</var>. <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--mfmode </span><var>name</var></samp>’<dd>Sets the Metafont mode to <var>name</var>. -<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--bdpi </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd>Sets the the “base dpi” for the font. This must match the mode being +<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--bdpi </span><var>num</var></samp>’<dd>Sets the “base dpi” for the font. This must match the mode being used. <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--mag </span><var>string</var></samp>’<dd>A “magstep” string suitable for the Metafont <code>mag</code> variable. This must match the combination of <var>bdpi</var> and <var>dpi</var> being used. @@ -2438,8 +2438,14 @@ to look at the distributed <samp><span class="file">texmf.cnf</span></samp>, whi mentions most features. The format of <samp><span class="file">texmf.cnf</span></samp> files follows: <ul> -<li><a name="index-comments_002c-in-_0040file_007btexmf_002ecnf_007d-461"></a>Comments start with ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’ and continue to the end of the line. +<li><a name="index-comments_002c-in-_0040file_007btexmf_002ecnf_007d-461"></a>Comments start with ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’, either at the beginning of a line or +preceded by whitespace, and continue to the end of the line. That is, +as with most shells, a ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’ in the “middle” of a value does not +start a comment. Examples: + <pre class="example"> % this is a comment + var = a%b % but the value of var will be "a%b". +</pre> <li><a name="index-blank-lines_002c-in-_0040file_007btexmf_002ecnf_007d-462"></a>Blank lines are ignored. <li><a name="index-backslash_002dnewline-463"></a><a name="index-continuation-character-464"></a><a name="index-whitespace_002c-not-ignored-on-continuation-lines-465"></a><a name="index-g_t_005c_0040r_007b_002c-line-continuation-in-_0040file_007btexmf_002ecnf_007d_007d-466"></a>A ‘<samp><span class="samp">\</span></samp>’ at the end of a line acts as a continuation character, i.e., @@ -2458,18 +2464,18 @@ lines is not ignored. <li>If ‘<samp><span class="samp">.</span><var>progname</var></samp>’ is present, the definition only applies if the program that is running is named (i.e., the last component of <code>argv[0]</code> is) <var>progname</var> or -<samp><var>progname</var><span class="file">.exe</span></samp>. This allows different flavors of TeX to -have different search paths, for example. +<samp><var>progname</var><span class="file">.{exe,bat,cmd,...}</span></samp>. Most notably, this allows +different flavors of TeX to have different search paths. <li><a name="index-right_002dhand-side-of-variable-assignments-468"></a><var>value</var> may contain any characters except ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">@</span></samp>’. -(These restrictions are only necessary because of the processing done on -<samp><span class="file">texmf.cnf</span></samp> at build time, so you can stick those characters in -after installation if you have to.) The ‘<samp><span class="samp">$</span><var>var</var><span class="samp">.</span><var>prog</var></samp>’ -feature is not available on the right-hand side; instead, you must use -an additional variable (see below for example). A ‘<samp><span class="samp">;</span></samp>’ in -<var>value</var> is translated to ‘<samp><span class="samp">:</span></samp>’ if running under Unix; this is -useful to write a single <samp><span class="file">texmf.cnf</span></samp> which can be used under both -Unix and NT. +(These restrictions are only necessary because of the processing done +on <samp><span class="file">texmf.cnf</span></samp> at build time, so you can stick those characters +in after installation if you have to.) The +‘<samp><span class="samp">$</span><var>var</var><span class="samp">.</span><var>prog</var></samp>’ feature is not available on the +right-hand side; instead, you must use an additional variable (see +below for example). A ‘<samp><span class="samp">;</span></samp>’ in <var>value</var> is translated to +‘<samp><span class="samp">:</span></samp>’ if running under Unix; this is useful to write a single +<samp><span class="file">texmf.cnf</span></samp> which can be used under both Unix and Windows. <li>All definitions are read before anything is expanded, so you can use variables before they are defined (like Make, unlike most other @@ -2487,12 +2493,12 @@ these points: TEXINPUTS.latex2e = $latex2e_inputs TEXINPUTS.latex = $latex2e_inputs </pre> - <p><a name="index-shell-scripts-as-configuration-files-469"></a><a name="index-configuration-files-as-shell-scripts_002e-470"></a>Although this format has obvious similarities to Bourne shell -scripts—change the comment character to <code>#</code>, disallow spaces -around the <code>=</code>, and get rid of the <code>.</code><var>name</var> convention, -and it could be run through the shell. But there seemed little -advantage to doing this, since all the information would have to passed -back to Kpathsea and parsed there anyway, since the <code>sh</code> process + <p><a name="index-shell-scripts-as-configuration-files-469"></a><a name="index-configuration-files-as-shell-scripts_002e-470"></a>This format has obvious similarities to Bourne shell scripts—change +the comment character to <code>#</code>, disallow spaces around the +<code>=</code>, and get rid of the <code>.</code><var>name</var> convention, and it +could be run through the shell. However, there seemed little +advantage in this, since all the information would have to passed back +to Kpathsea and parsed there anyway, since the <code>sh</code> process couldn't affect its parent's environment. <p><a name="index-cnf_002ec-471"></a>The implementation of all this is in <samp><span class="file">kpathsea/cnf.c</span></samp>. @@ -2691,13 +2697,11 @@ expands to ‘<samp><span class="samp">xA1y:xB1y:xA2y:xB2y</span></samp>&rsq assigning a brace list to <code>$TEXMF</code>, as mentioned in <samp><span class="file">texmf.in</span></samp>. - <p>You can also use the path separator in stead of the comma. The last + <p>You can also use the path separator instead of the comma. The last example could have been written ‘<samp><span class="samp">x{A:B}{1:2}y</span></samp>’. <p><a name="index-expand_002ec-504"></a>Brace expansion is implemented in the source file -<samp><span class="file">kpathsea/expand.c</span></samp>. It is a modification of the Bash sources, and -is thus covered by the GNU General Public License, rather than the -Library General Public License that covers the rest of Kpathsea. +<samp><span class="file">kpathsea/expand.c</span></samp>. <div class="node"> <a name="KPSE_DOT-expansion"></a> @@ -3094,7 +3098,7 @@ space to specify the format, to simplify quoting of calls from shells. vf: .vf dvips config (dvipsconfig): ist: .ist - truetype fonts: .ttf .ttc .TTF .TTC + truetype fonts: .ttf .ttc .TTF .TTC .dfont type42 fonts: .t42 .T42 web2c files (web2c): other text files (othertext): @@ -3582,8 +3586,8 @@ dynamic creation program: <code>mktextfm</code>. <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Troff fonts</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-TRFONTS-695"></a>(Troff fonts, used by DMP; see <a href="web2c.html#DMP-invocation">DMP invocation</a>) <code>TRFONTS</code>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">truetype fonts</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ettf-696"></a><a name="index-g_t_002ettc-697"></a><a name="index-TTFONTS-698"></a>(TrueType outline fonts) <code>TTFONTS</code>; suffixes ‘<samp><span class="samp">.ttf</span></samp>’, -‘<samp><span class="samp">.ttc</span></samp>’. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">truetype fonts</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ettf-696"></a><a name="index-g_t_002ettc-697"></a><a name="index-TTFONTS-698"></a>(TrueType outline fonts) <code>TTFONTS</code>; suffixes ‘<samp><span class="samp">.ttf</span></samp>’ and +‘<samp><span class="samp">.TTF</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">.ttc</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">.TTC</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">.dfont</span></samp>’. <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">type1 fonts</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002epfa-699"></a><a name="index-g_t_002epfb-700"></a><a name="index-T1FONTS-701"></a><a name="index-T1INPUTS-702"></a><a name="index-TEXPSHEADERS-703"></a><a name="index-DVIPSHEADERS-704"></a>(Type 1 PostScript outline fonts, see <a href="dvips.html#Glyph-files">Glyph files</a>) <code>T1FONTS</code>, <code>T1INPUTS</code>, <code>TEXPSHEADERS</code>, <code>DVIPSHEADERS</code>; diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/kpathsea/kpathsea.pdf b/Master/texmf/doc/kpathsea/kpathsea.pdf Binary files differindex fd41680f38a..89bde9989c1 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/kpathsea/kpathsea.pdf +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/kpathsea/kpathsea.pdf diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html b/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html index e02c15e6a98..3e6a1174844 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html @@ -159,8 +159,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#dir">(dir)</a> <p>This document describes how to install and use the programs in the Web2c implementation of the TeX system, especially for Unix systems. It -corresponds to Web2c version 2010, released in -July 2010. +corresponds to Web2c version 2011, released in +April 2011. <ul class="menu"> <li><a accesskey="1" href="#Introduction">Introduction</a>: A brief introduction. @@ -190,8 +190,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">1 Introduction</h2> <p><a name="index-introduction-1"></a> -This manual corresponds to version 2010 of Web2c, released in -July 2010. +This manual corresponds to version 2011 of Web2c, released in +April 2011. <p><a name="index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-2"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-Web2c-implementation-of-3"></a><a name="index-Hobby_002c-John-4"></a><a name="index-Breitenlohner_002c-Peter-5"></a><dfn>Web2c</dfn> is the name of a TeX implementation, originally for Unix, but now also running under DOS, Amiga, and other operating systems. By @@ -621,8 +621,7 @@ determine the name of the memory dump file read (‘<samp><span class="samp" process of trying to recover and continue. <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ini</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dini-112"></a><a name="index-program-names_002c-special-113"></a><a name="index-initial-form_002c-enabling-114"></a>Enable the “initial” form of the program (see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>). This is implicitly set if the program name is <code>initex</code> -resp. <code>inimf</code> resp. <code>inimpost</code>, although these variants -are no longer typically installed. +resp. <code>inimf</code>. <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-interaction=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dinteraction_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-115"></a><a name="index-interaction-mode-116"></a>Set the interaction mode from the command line. The <var>string</var> must be one of ‘<samp><span class="samp">batchmode</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">nonstopmode</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">scrollmode</span></samp>’, or @@ -639,13 +638,7 @@ to get all available output. <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory=</span><var>dirname</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doutput_002ddirectory-123"></a><a name="index-output-directory_002c-specifying-124"></a>Specify the directory <var>dirname</var> to which output files are written. Also look for input files in <var>dirname</var> first, before looking along -the normal search path. This is useful when you are in some read-only -distribution directory, perhaps on a CD-ROM, and want to TeX some -documentation, for example. -<!-- FIXME: caveat to -output-directory --> -Note that for input files the “search” in <var>dirname</var> does -not use the full generality of the search mechanism. This means that -some files are not found there even though you might expect them to be. +the normal search path. See <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a>. <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-parse-first-line</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dparse_002dfirst_002dline-125"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-parse-first-line</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dparse_002dfirst_002dline-126"></a><a name="index-parsing-the-first-line-127"></a>Check or disable checking whether the first line of the main input file starts with ‘<samp><span class="samp">%&</span></samp>’, and parse it if it does. This line can be @@ -660,6 +653,14 @@ name. See <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>. opened files into a file with (by default) extension ‘<samp><span class="samp">.fls</span></samp>’. For Aleph, this option is always on, and the file has extension ‘<samp><span class="samp">.ofl</span></samp>’. + <p>Ordinarily, the ‘<samp><span class="samp">.fls</span></samp>’ file is written to the same location as +the ‘<samp><span class="samp">.log</span></samp>’ file, for example, respecting +<samp><span class="option">-output-directory</span></samp> if it is given (see <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a>). However, if TeX processing is done on the command line +(or in response to the ‘<samp><span class="samp">**</span></samp>’ prompt), the ‘<samp><span class="samp">.fls</span></samp>’ might be +written to the current directory, or include an integer (the current +pid), as in <samp><span class="file">texput1234.fls</span></samp>. You can use <samp><span class="option">-jobname</span></samp> to +explicitly set the basename. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-translate-file=</span><var>tcxfile</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dtranslate_002dfile_003d_0040var_007btcxfile_007d-134"></a><a name="index-translation-file-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-specifying-135"></a><a name="index-g_t_002etcx-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-136"></a><a name="index-first-line-of-the-main-input-file-137"></a>Use <var>tcxfile</var> to define which characters are printable and translations between the internal and external character sets. Moreover, <var>tcxfile</var> can be explicitly declared in the first line of the main @@ -729,13 +730,14 @@ written in the specified directory instead. See <a href="#Common-options">Commo <p><a name="index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-if-_0040samp_007b_002e_007d-unwritable_007d-155"></a><a name="index-readonly-directory_002c-running-_0040TeX_007b_007d-in-156"></a>If the current directory is not writable, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory</span></samp>’ is not specified, the main programs (TeX, Metafont, MetaPost, and -BibTeX) make an exception: if the config file value -<code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code> is set (it is not by default), output files are -written to the directory specified. +BibTeX) make an exception: if the config file or environment +variable value <code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code> is set (it is not by default), +output files are written to the directory specified. <p><a name="index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-reading_007d-157"></a><code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code> is also checked for input files, as TeX often generates files that need to be subsequently read; for input, no -suffixes (such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">.tex</span></samp>’) are added by default, the input name is +suffixes (such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">.tex</span></samp>’) are added by default and no exhaustive +path searching is done, the input name is simply checked as given. <div class="node"> @@ -757,7 +759,7 @@ control some array sizes and other features are described in <ul class="menu"> <li><a accesskey="1" href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>: Making memory dumps vs. production runs. -<li><a accesskey="2" href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>: .fmt/.base/.mem files for fast startup. +<li><a accesskey="2" href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>: .fmt/.base files for fast startup. <li><a accesskey="3" href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a>: The `e' response at errors. <li><a accesskey="4" href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a>: ~ and $ expansion in TeX/MF/MP. </ul> @@ -772,16 +774,14 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a> <h4 class="subsection">3.5.1 Initial and virgin</h4> -<p><a name="index-executables_002c-shared-initial-and-virgin-162"></a>The TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost programs each have two main -variants, called <dfn>initial</dfn> and <dfn>virgin</dfn>. As of Web2c 7, one -executable suffices for both variants, and in fact, the <code>ini...</code> -executables are no longer created. +<p><a name="index-executables_002c-shared-initial-and-virgin-162"></a>The TeX and Metafont programs each have two main variants, called +<dfn>initial</dfn> and <dfn>virgin</dfn>. MetaPost no longer makes this +distinction. <p>The initial form is enabled if: <ol type=1 start=1> <li><a name="index-g_t_002dini-163"></a>the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-ini</span></samp>’ option was specified; or -<li>the program name is <samp><span class="file">initex</span></samp> resp. <samp><span class="file">inimf</span></samp> resp. -<samp><span class="file">inimpost</span></samp> (these variants are no longer typically installed); or +<li>the program name is <samp><span class="file">initex</span></samp> resp. <samp><span class="file">inimf</span></samp>; or <li>the first line of the main input file is ‘<samp><span class="samp">%&ini</span></samp>’; </ol> otherwise, the virgin form is used. @@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a> <h4 class="subsection">3.5.2 Memory dumps</h4> <p><a name="index-memory-dumps-168"></a> -<a name="index-dumping-memory-169"></a><a name="index-macros_002c-predefining-in-memory-dumps-170"></a><a name="index-predefined-macros-and-memory-dumps-171"></a>In typical use, TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost require a large number of +<a name="index-dumping-memory-169"></a><a name="index-macros_002c-predefining-in-memory-dumps-170"></a><a name="index-predefined-macros-and-memory-dumps-171"></a>In typical use, TeX and Metafont require a large number of macros to be predefined; therefore, they support <dfn>memory dump</dfn> files, which can be read much more efficiently than ordinary source code. @@ -845,9 +845,7 @@ creating memory dumps: <dl> <dt>TeX<dd>(‘<samp><span class="samp">.fmt</span></samp>’) See <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a>. - <br><dt>Metafont<dd>(‘<samp><span class="samp">.base</span></samp>’) See <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a>. - - <br><dt>MetaPost<dd>(‘<samp><span class="samp">.mem</span></samp>’) See <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a>. + <br><dt>Metafont<dd>(‘<samp><span class="samp">.base</span></samp>’) See <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a>. </dl> <p>When making memory dumps, the programs read environment variables and @@ -878,12 +876,12 @@ program uses the remainder of that argument as the memory dump name. For example, running ‘<samp><span class="samp">tex \&super</span></samp>’ reads <samp><span class="file">super.fmt</span></samp>. (The backslash protects the ‘<samp><span class="samp">&</span></samp>’ against interpretation by the shell.) - <li><a name="index-g_t_002dfmt_003d_0040var_007bfmt_007d-179"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dbase_003d_0040var_007bbase_007d-180"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dmem_003d_0040var_007bmem_007d-181"></a>If the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-fmt</span></samp>’ resp. ‘<samp><span class="samp">-base</span></samp>’ resp. ‘<samp><span class="samp">-mem</span></samp>’ option is + <li><a name="index-g_t_002dfmt_003d_0040var_007bfmt_007d-179"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dbase_003d_0040var_007bbase_007d-180"></a>If the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-fmt</span></samp>’ resp. ‘<samp><span class="samp">-base</span></samp>’ option is specified, its value is used. - <li><a name="index-g_t_002dprogname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-182"></a>If the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-progname</span></samp>’ option is specified, its value is used. + <li><a name="index-g_t_002dprogname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-181"></a>If the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-progname</span></samp>’ option is specified, its value is used. - <li><a name="index-g_t_0025_0026-_0040r_007bmagic-number_007d-183"></a>If the first line of the main input file (which must be specified on the + <li><a name="index-g_t_0025_0026-_0040r_007bmagic-number_007d-182"></a>If the first line of the main input file (which must be specified on the command line, not in response to ‘<samp><span class="samp">**</span></samp>’) is <code>%&</code><var>dump</var>, and <var>dump</var> is an existing memory dump of the appropriate type, <var>dump</var> is used. @@ -896,10 +894,10 @@ translation file is to be used: <code>%&-translate-file=</code><var>tcxfile< -translate-file=</code><var>tcxfile</var>. If this is done, the name of the dump must be given first. - <li><a name="index-program-name_002c-determines-memory-dump-184"></a><a name="index-links-to-binaries-185"></a>Otherwise, the program uses the program invocation name, most commonly -<samp><span class="file">tex</span></samp> resp. <samp><span class="file">mf</span></samp> resp. <samp><span class="file">mpost</span></samp>. For example, if -<samp><span class="file">latex</span></samp> is a link to <samp><span class="file">tex</span></samp>, and the user runs ‘<samp><span class="samp">latex -foo</span></samp>’, <samp><span class="file">latex.fmt</span></samp> will be used. + <li><a name="index-program-name_002c-determines-memory-dump-183"></a><a name="index-links-to-binaries-184"></a>Otherwise, the program uses the program invocation name, most commonly +<samp><span class="file">tex</span></samp> resp. <samp><span class="file">mf</span></samp>. For example, if <samp><span class="file">latex</span></samp> is a link +to <samp><span class="file">tex</span></samp>, and the user runs ‘<samp><span class="samp">latex foo</span></samp>’, <samp><span class="file">latex.fmt</span></samp> +will be used. </ol> @@ -913,15 +911,15 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a> <h5 class="subsubsection">3.5.2.3 Hardware and memory dumps</h5> -<p><a name="index-hardware-and-memory-dumps-186"></a><a name="index-memory-dumps-and-hardware-187"></a><a name="index-sharing-memory-dumps-188"></a><a name="index-fmt-files_002c-sharing-189"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-sharing-190"></a><a name="index-mem-files_002c-sharing-191"></a> -<a name="index-LittleEndian-machines-192"></a><a name="index-BigEndian-machines-193"></a><a name="index-endian-dependencies-194"></a><a name="index-machine-dependencies-195"></a><a name="index-architecture-dependencies-196"></a><a name="index-dependencies_002c-hardware-197"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002ddump_002dshare-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-198"></a>By default, memory dump files are generally sharable between +<p><a name="index-hardware-and-memory-dumps-185"></a><a name="index-memory-dumps-and-hardware-186"></a><a name="index-sharing-memory-dumps-187"></a><a name="index-fmt-files_002c-sharing-188"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-sharing-189"></a><a name="index-mem-files_002c-sharing-190"></a> +<a name="index-LittleEndian-machines-191"></a><a name="index-BigEndian-machines-192"></a><a name="index-endian-dependencies-193"></a><a name="index-machine-dependencies-194"></a><a name="index-architecture-dependencies-195"></a><a name="index-dependencies_002c-hardware-196"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002ddump_002dshare-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-197"></a>By default, memory dump files are generally sharable between architectures of different types; specifically, on machines of different endianness (see <a href="libc.html#Byte-order">Byte order</a>). (This is a feature of the Web2c implementation, and is not true of all TeX implementations.) If you specify ‘<samp><span class="samp">--disable-dump-share</span></samp>’ to <code>configure</code>, however, memory dumps will be endian-dependent. - <p><a name="index-byte-swapping-199"></a><a name="index-swapping-bytes-200"></a>The reason to do this is speed. To achieve endian-independence, the + <p><a name="index-byte-swapping-198"></a><a name="index-swapping-bytes-199"></a>The reason to do this is speed. To achieve endian-independence, the reading of memory dumps on LittleEndian architectures, such as PC's and DEC architectures, is somewhat slowed (all the multibyte values have to be swapped). Usually, this is not noticeable, and the advantage of @@ -930,20 +928,20 @@ outweighs the speed loss. But if you're installing Web2c for use on LittleEndian machines only, perhaps on a PC being used only by you, you may wish to get maximum speed. - <p><a name="index-floating_002dpoint-values-201"></a><a name="index-glue-ratio-representations-202"></a>TeXnically, even without ‘<samp><span class="samp">--disable-dump-share</span></samp>’, sharing of + <p><a name="index-floating_002dpoint-values-200"></a><a name="index-glue-ratio-representations-201"></a>TeXnically, even without ‘<samp><span class="samp">--disable-dump-share</span></samp>’, sharing of <samp><span class="file">.fmt</span></samp> files cannot be guaranteed to work. Floating-point values are always written in native format, and hence will generally not be -readable across platforms. Fortunately, TeX uses floating point only -to represent glue ratios, and all common formats (plain, LaTeX, -AMSTeX, <small class="dots">...</small>) do not do any glue setting at <samp><span class="file">.fmt</span></samp>-creation -time. Metafont and MetaPost do not use floating point in any dumped -value at all. +readable across platforms. Fortunately, TeX uses floating point +only to represent glue ratios, and all common formats (plain, +LaTeX, AMSTeX, <small class="dots">...</small>) do not do any glue setting at +<samp><span class="file">.fmt</span></samp>-creation time. Metafont does not use floating point in +any dumped value at all. - <p><a name="index-date-and-time_002c-in-memory-dumps-203"></a><a name="index-time-and-date_002c-in-memory-dumps-204"></a><a name="index-memory-dumps_002c-contain-date-and-time-205"></a>Incidentally, different memory dump files will never compare equal + <p><a name="index-date-and-time_002c-in-memory-dumps-202"></a><a name="index-time-and-date_002c-in-memory-dumps-203"></a><a name="index-memory-dumps_002c-contain-date-and-time-204"></a>Incidentally, different memory dump files will never compare equal byte-for-byte, because the program always dumps the current date and time. So don't be alarmed by just a few bytes difference. - <p><a name="index-Harbison_002c-Samuel-P_002e-206"></a><a name="index-Steele-Jr_002e_002c-Guy-L_002e-207"></a>If you don't know what endianness your machine is, and you're curious, + <p><a name="index-Harbison_002c-Samuel-P_002e-205"></a><a name="index-Steele-Jr_002e_002c-Guy-L_002e-206"></a>If you don't know what endianness your machine is, and you're curious, here is a little C program to tell you. (The <code>configure</code> script contains a similar program.) This is from the book <cite>C: A Reference Manual</cite>, by Samuel P. Harbison and Guy L. Steele @@ -979,16 +977,18 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a> <h4 class="subsection">3.5.3 Editor invocation</h4> -<p><a name="index-editor-invoked-at-error-208"></a><a name="index-errors_002c-editor-invoked-at-209"></a><a name="index-e-_0040r_007bresponse-at-error-prompt_007d-210"></a> +<p><a name="index-editor-invoked-at-error-207"></a><a name="index-errors_002c-editor-invoked-at-208"></a><a name="index-e-_0040r_007bresponse-at-error-prompt_007d-209"></a> TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost all (by default) stop and ask for user -intervention at an error. If the user responds with <kbd>e</kbd> or <kbd>E</kbd>, -the program invokes an editor. +intervention at an error. If the input came from a file, and the user +responds with <kbd>e</kbd> or <kbd>E</kbd>, the program invokes an editor. - <p><a name="index-TEXEDIT-211"></a><a name="index-MFEDIT-212"></a><a name="index-MPEDIT-213"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002deditor_003d_0040var_007bcmd_007d-214"></a>Specifying ‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-editor=</span><var>cmd</var></samp>’ to <code>configure</code> sets the + <p><a name="index-TEXEDIT-210"></a><a name="index-MFEDIT-211"></a><a name="index-MPEDIT-212"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002deditor_003d_0040var_007bcmd_007d-213"></a>Specifying ‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-editor=</span><var>cmd</var></samp>’ to <code>configure</code> sets the default editor command string to <var>cmd</var>. The environment variables/configuration values <code>TEXEDIT</code>, <code>MFEDIT</code>, and <code>MPEDIT</code> (respectively) override this. If ‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-editor</span></samp>’ is -not specified, the default is <code>vi +%d %s</code>. +not specified, the default is <code>vi +%d %s</code> on Unix, and an +invocation of the TeXworks editor on Windows. (See +<samp><span class="file">texmf.cnf</span></samp> for the precise values.) <p>In this string, ‘<samp><span class="samp">%d</span></samp>’ is replaced by the line number of the error, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">%s</span></samp>’ is replaced by the name of the current input file. @@ -1004,13 +1004,13 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a> <h4 class="subsection">3.5.4 <code>\input</code> filenames</h4> -<p><a name="index-input-filenames-215"></a><a name="index-filename-conventions_002c-in-input-files-216"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cinput-_0040r_007bfilenames_007d-217"></a> +<p><a name="index-input-filenames-214"></a><a name="index-filename-conventions_002c-in-input-files-215"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cinput-_0040r_007bfilenames_007d-216"></a> TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost source programs can all read other source files with the <code>\input</code> (TeX) and <code>input</code> (MF and MP) primitives: <pre class="example"> \input <var>name</var> % in TeX </pre> - <p><a name="index-space_002dterminated-filenames-218"></a><a name="index-whitespace_002dterminated-filenames-219"></a><a name="index-terminator-for-filenames-220"></a>The file <var>name</var> can always be terminated with whitespace; for + <p><a name="index-space_002dterminated-filenames-217"></a><a name="index-whitespace_002dterminated-filenames-218"></a><a name="index-terminator-for-filenames-219"></a>The file <var>name</var> can always be terminated with whitespace; for Metafont and MetaPost, the statement terminator ‘<samp><span class="samp">;</span></samp>’ also works. (LaTeX and other macro packages provide other interfaces to <code>\input</code> that allow different notation; here we are concerned only @@ -1034,14 +1034,14 @@ tokenized and expanded the input. So, multiple spaces and tabs may be seen as a single space, active characters such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">~</span></samp>’ are expanded first, and so on. (See below.) - <p><a name="index-NUL_002c-not-allowed-in-filenames-221"></a><a name="index-eight_002dbit-characters-in-filenames-222"></a><a name="index-meta-characters-in-filenames-223"></a>On the other hand, various C library routines and Unix itself use the null + <p><a name="index-NUL_002c-not-allowed-in-filenames-220"></a><a name="index-eight_002dbit-characters-in-filenames-221"></a><a name="index-meta-characters-in-filenames-222"></a>On the other hand, various C library routines and Unix itself use the null byte (character code zero, ASCII NUL) to terminate strings. So filenames in Web2c cannot contain nulls, even though TeX itself does not treat NUL specially. In addition, some older Unix variants do not allow eight-bit characters (codes 128–255) in filenames. - <p><a name="index-portable-filenames-224"></a>For maximal portability of your document across systems, use only the + <p><a name="index-portable-filenames-223"></a>For maximal portability of your document across systems, use only the characters ‘<samp><span class="samp">a</span></samp>’–‘<samp><span class="samp">z</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">0</span></samp>’–‘<samp><span class="samp">9</span></samp>’, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">.</span></samp>’, and restrict your filenames to at most eight characters (not including the extension), and at most a three-character extension. Do not use @@ -1049,7 +1049,7 @@ anything but simple filenames, since directory separators vary among systems; instead, add the necessary directories to the appropriate search path. - <p><a name="index-g_t_007e-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-225"></a><a name="index-g_t_0024-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-226"></a>Finally, the present Web2c implementation does ‘<samp><span class="samp">~</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">$</span></samp>’ + <p><a name="index-g_t_007e-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-224"></a><a name="index-g_t_0024-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-225"></a>Finally, the present Web2c implementation does ‘<samp><span class="samp">~</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">$</span></samp>’ expansion on <var>name</var>, unlike Knuth's original implementation and older versions of Web2c. Thus: <pre class="example"> \input ~jsmith/$foo.bar @@ -1063,7 +1063,7 @@ numeral, or ‘<samp><span class="samp">_</span></samp>’. <p>(So another way to get a program to read a filename containing whitespace is to define an environment variable and dereference it.) - <p><a name="index-g_t_005cstring-227"></a>In all the common TeX formats (plain TeX, LaTeX, AMSTeX), + <p><a name="index-g_t_005cstring-226"></a>In all the common TeX formats (plain TeX, LaTeX, AMSTeX), the characters ‘<samp><span class="samp">~</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">$</span></samp>’ have special category codes, so to actually use these in a document you have to change their catcodes or use <code>\string</code>. (The result is unportable anyway, see the @@ -1081,11 +1081,11 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">4 TeX: Typesetting</h2> -<p><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-description-of-228"></a><a name="index-typesetting-229"></a><a name="index-mathematical-typesetting-230"></a> +<p><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-description-of-227"></a><a name="index-typesetting-228"></a><a name="index-mathematical-typesetting-229"></a> TeX is a typesetting system: it was especially designed to handle complex mathematics, as well as most ordinary text typesetting. - <p><a name="index-batch-languages-231"></a><a name="index-word-processor_002c-not-232"></a>TeX is a batch language, like C or Pascal, and not an interactive + <p><a name="index-batch-languages-230"></a><a name="index-word-processor_002c-not-231"></a>TeX is a batch language, like C or Pascal, and not an interactive “word processor”: you compile a TeX input file into a corresponding device-independent (DVI) file (and then translate the DVI file to the commands for a particular output device). This approach has both @@ -1114,7 +1114,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.1 <code>tex</code> invocation</h3> -<p><a name="index-tex-233"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-invocation-234"></a> +<p><a name="index-tex-232"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-invocation-233"></a> TeX (usually invoked as <code>tex</code>) formats the given text and commands, and outputs a corresponding device-independent representation of the typeset document. This section merely describes the options @@ -1130,7 +1130,7 @@ here) and determine their memory dump (fmt) file in the same way tex [<var>option</var>]... \<var>first-line</var> tex [<var>option</var>]... &<var>fmt</var> <var>args</var> </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_002etex-235"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-input-files-found-236"></a>TeX searches the usual places for the main input file <var>texname</var> + <p><a name="index-g_t_002etex-234"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-input-files-found-235"></a>TeX searches the usual places for the main input file <var>texname</var> (see <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>), extending <var>texname</var> with <samp><span class="file">.tex</span></samp> if necessary. To see all the relevant paths, set the environment variable <code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code> to @@ -1145,7 +1145,7 @@ arguments as a line of regular TeX input. <p>If no arguments or options are specified, TeX prompts for an input file name with ‘<samp><span class="samp">**</span></samp>’. - <p><a name="index-texput-237"></a>TeX writes the main DVI output to the file + <p><a name="index-texput-236"></a>TeX writes the main DVI output to the file <samp><var>basetexname</var><span class="file">.dvi</span></samp>, where <var>basetexname</var> is the basename of <var>texname</var>, or ‘<samp><span class="samp">texput</span></samp>’ if no input file was specified. A DVI file is a device-independent binary representation of your TeX @@ -1155,13 +1155,13 @@ device, such as a PostScript printer (see <a href="dvips.html#Top">Introduction</a>) or an X Window System display (see xdvi(1)). - <p><a name="index-EC-fonts-238"></a><a name="index-mktextfM_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-239"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cfont-_0040r_007band-dynamic-generation_007d-240"></a>TeX also reads TFM files for any fonts you load in your document with + <p><a name="index-EC-fonts-237"></a><a name="index-mktextfM_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-238"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cfont-_0040r_007band-dynamic-generation_007d-239"></a>TeX also reads TFM files for any fonts you load in your document with the <code>\font</code> primitive. By default, it runs an external program named <samp><span class="file">mktextfm</span></samp> to create any nonexistent TFM files. You can disable this at configure-time or runtime (see <a href="kpathsea.html#mktex-configuration">mktex configuration</a>). This is enabled mostly for the sake of the EC fonts, which can be generated at any size. - <p><a name="index-g_t_005copenout-_0040r_007band-security_007d-241"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005copenout_007d-242"></a><a name="index-output-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-243"></a><a name="index-Trojan-horses-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-244"></a><a name="index-dot-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-245"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-output-files-246"></a>TeX can write output files, via the <code>\openout</code> primitive; this opens + <p><a name="index-g_t_005copenout-_0040r_007band-security_007d-240"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005copenout_007d-241"></a><a name="index-output-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-242"></a><a name="index-Trojan-horses-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-243"></a><a name="index-dot-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-244"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-output-files-245"></a>TeX can write output files, via the <code>\openout</code> primitive; this opens a security hole vulnerable to Trojan horse attack: an unwitting user could run a TeX program that overwrites, say, <samp><span class="file">~/.rhosts</span></samp>. (MetaPost has a <code>write</code> primitive with similar implications). To alleviate this and @@ -1183,40 +1183,40 @@ the log file has not yet been opened. <dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-enc</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]-file-line-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-fmt=</span><var>fmtname</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-halt-on-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ini</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-interaction=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc-start</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-jobname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-kpathsea-debug=</span><var>number</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]parse-first-line</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-progname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-recorder</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-translate-file=</span><var>tcxfile</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’<dd>These options are common to TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost. See <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-enc</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002denc-247"></a><a name="index-Unicode-input-248"></a><a name="index-UTF_002d8-input-249"></a>Enable encTeX extensions, such as <code>\mubyte</code>. This can be used + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-enc</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002denc-246"></a><a name="index-Unicode-input-247"></a><a name="index-UTF_002d8-input-248"></a>Enable encTeX extensions, such as <code>\mubyte</code>. This can be used to support Unicode UTF-8 input encoding. See <a href="http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html">http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc-start</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dipc-250"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dipc_002dstart-251"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dipc-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-252"></a>With either option, TeX writes its DVI output to a socket as well as + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc-start</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dipc-249"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dipc_002dstart-250"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dipc-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-251"></a>With either option, TeX writes its DVI output to a socket as well as to the usual <samp><span class="file">.dvi</span></samp> file. With ‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc-start</span></samp>’, TeX also opens a server program at the other end to read the output. See <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a>. <p>These options are available only if the ‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-ipc</span></samp>’ option was specified to <code>configure</code> during installation of Web2c. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-253"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-254"></a>Turn on or off the ‘<samp><span class="samp">mktex</span></samp>’ script associated with <var>filetype</var>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-252"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-253"></a>Turn on or off the ‘<samp><span class="samp">mktex</span></samp>’ script associated with <var>filetype</var>. For TeX proper, <var>filetype</var> can only be ‘<samp><span class="samp">tex</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">tfm</span></samp>’, but for pdfTeX and luaTeX, it can also be ‘<samp><span class="samp">pk</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mltex</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmltex-255"></a><a name="index-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-enabling-256"></a><a name="index-program-names_002c-special-257"></a>If we are <code>INITEX</code> (see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>), enable MLTeX + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mltex</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmltex-254"></a><a name="index-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-enabling-255"></a><a name="index-program-names_002c-special-256"></a>If we are <code>INITEX</code> (see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>), enable MLTeX extensions such as <code>\charsubdef</code>. Implicitly set if the program name is <code>mltex</code>. See <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-comment=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doutput_002dcomment_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-258"></a><a name="index-output_005fcomment-_0040r_007bfor-DVI-files_007d-259"></a><a name="index-DVI-comment_002c-specifying-260"></a><a name="index-regression-testing-261"></a>Use <var>string</var> as the DVI file comment. Ordinarily, this comment + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-comment=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doutput_002dcomment_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-257"></a><a name="index-output_005fcomment-_0040r_007bfor-DVI-files_007d-258"></a><a name="index-DVI-comment_002c-specifying-259"></a><a name="index-regression-testing-260"></a>Use <var>string</var> as the DVI file comment. Ordinarily, this comment records the date and time of the TeX run, but if you are doing regression testing, you may not want the DVI file to have this spurious difference. This is also taken from the environment variable and config file value ‘<samp><span class="samp">output_comment</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-shell-escape</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshell_002descape-262"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-shell-escape</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dshell_002descape-263"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-shell-restricted</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshell_002drestricted-264"></a>Enable, or disable, or enable with restrictions the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-shell-escape</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshell_002descape-261"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-shell-escape</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dshell_002descape-262"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-shell-restricted</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshell_002drestricted-263"></a>Enable, or disable, or enable with restrictions the <code>\write18{</code><var>shell-command</var><code>}</code> feature for external executing shell commands. See <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-enable-write18</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002denable_002dwrite18-265"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-disable-write18</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ddisable_002dwrite18-266"></a>Synonyms for <samp><span class="option">-shell-escape</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">-no-shell-escape</span></samp>, for + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-enable-write18</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002denable_002dwrite18-264"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-disable-write18</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ddisable_002dwrite18-265"></a>Synonyms for <samp><span class="option">-shell-escape</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">-no-shell-escape</span></samp>, for compatibility with MiKTeX. (MiKTeX also accepts both pairs of options.) See <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-src-specials</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-src-specials=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-generating-source-specials-267"></a>This option makes TeX output specific source information using + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-src-specials</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-src-specials=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-generating-source-specials-266"></a>This option makes TeX output specific source information using ‘<samp><span class="samp">\special</span></samp>’ commands in the DVI file. These ‘<samp><span class="samp">\special</span></samp>’ track the current file name and line number. @@ -1261,8 +1261,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.2 Initial TeX</h3> -<p><a name="index-initial-_0040TeX_007b_007d-268"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-initial-269"></a> -<a name="index-g_t_002efmt-270"></a><a name="index-fmt-files-271"></a>The <dfn>initial</dfn> form of TeX is invoked by ‘<samp><span class="samp">tex -ini</span></samp>’. It +<p><a name="index-initial-_0040TeX_007b_007d-267"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-initial-268"></a> +<a name="index-g_t_002efmt-269"></a><a name="index-fmt-files-270"></a>The <dfn>initial</dfn> form of TeX is invoked by ‘<samp><span class="samp">tex -ini</span></samp>’. It does lengthy initializations avoided by the “virgin” (<code>vir</code>) form, so as to be capable of dumping ‘<samp><span class="samp">.fmt</span></samp>’ files (see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>). For a detailed comparison of virgin and initial forms, see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>. In past releases, a separate program @@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@ no longer the case. <p>For a list of options and other information, see <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a>. - <p><a name="index-plain_002efmt-272"></a><a name="index-tex_002efmt-273"></a><a name="index-format-files-274"></a>Unlike Metafont and MetaPost, many format files are commonly used with + <p><a name="index-plain_002efmt-271"></a><a name="index-tex_002efmt-272"></a><a name="index-format-files-273"></a>Unlike Metafont and MetaPost, many format files are commonly used with TeX. The standard one implementing the features described in the <cite>TeXbook</cite> is ‘<samp><span class="samp">plain.fmt</span></samp>’, also known as ‘<samp><span class="samp">tex.fmt</span></samp>’ (again, see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>). It is created by default during @@ -1301,7 +1301,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.3 Formats</h3> -<p><a name="index-formats-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-275"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-format-packages-for-276"></a><a name="index-macro-packages_002c-major-_0040TeX_007b_007d-277"></a> +<p><a name="index-formats-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-274"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-format-packages-for-275"></a><a name="index-macro-packages_002c-major-_0040TeX_007b_007d-276"></a> TeX <dfn>formats</dfn> are large collections of macros, often dumped into a <samp><span class="file">.fmt</span></samp> file (see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>) by <code>tex -ini</code> (see <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a>). A number of formats are in reasonably @@ -1318,7 +1318,7 @@ contains most of these formats (although perhaps not the absolute latest version), among other things. <dl> -<dt><tt>latex</tt><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-278"></a>The most widely used format. The current release is named `LaTeX +<dt><tt>latex</tt><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-277"></a>The most widely used format. The current release is named `LaTeX 2e'; new versions are released approximately every six months, with patches issued as needed. The old release was called `LaTeX 2.09', and is no longer maintained or supported. LaTeX attempts to provide @@ -1332,26 +1332,26 @@ interactive PDF files and has integrated MetaPost support, among many other interesting features. The ConTeXt home page: <a href="http://www.pragma-ade.com">http://www.pragma-ade.com</a>. - <br><dt><tt>amstex</tt><dd><a name="index-AMS_0040TeX_007b_007d-279"></a><a name="index-American-Mathematical-Society_002c-typesetting-system-280"></a><a name="index-Mathematical-Reviews-281"></a>The official typesetting system of the American Mathematical Society. + <br><dt><tt>amstex</tt><dd><a name="index-AMS_0040TeX_007b_007d-278"></a><a name="index-American-Mathematical-Society_002c-typesetting-system-279"></a><a name="index-Mathematical-Reviews-280"></a>The official typesetting system of the American Mathematical Society. Like LaTeX, it encourages generic markup commands. The AMS also provides many LaTeX package for authors who prefer LaTeX. Taken together, they are used to produce nearly all AMS publications, e.g., <cite>Mathematical Reviews</cite>. The AMSTeX home page: <a href="http://www.ams.org/tex">http://www.ams.org/tex</a>. - <br><dt><tt>texinfo</tt><dd><a name="index-Texinfo-282"></a><a name="index-Info-format-283"></a><a name="index-Free-Software-Foundation-documentation-system-284"></a>The documentation system developed and maintained by the Free Software + <br><dt><tt>texinfo</tt><dd><a name="index-Texinfo-281"></a><a name="index-Info-format-282"></a><a name="index-Free-Software-Foundation-documentation-system-283"></a>The documentation system developed and maintained by the Free Software Foundation for their software manuals. It can be automatically converted into plain text, a machine-readable on-line format called `info', HTML, etc. The Texinfo home page: <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo">http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo</a>. - <br><dt><tt>eplain</tt><dd><a name="index-Eplain-285"></a><a name="index-expanded-plain-format-286"></a>The “expanded plain” format provides various common features (e.g., + <br><dt><tt>eplain</tt><dd><a name="index-Eplain-284"></a><a name="index-expanded-plain-format-285"></a>The “expanded plain” format provides various common features (e.g., symbolic cross-referencing, tables of contents, indexing, citations using BibTeX), for those authors who prefer to handle their own high-level formatting. The Eplain home page: <a href="http://www.tug.org/eplain">http://www.tug.org/eplain</a>. - <br><dt><tt>slitex</tt><dd><a name="index-Sli_0040TeX_007b_007d-287"></a><a name="index-slides_002c-producing-288"></a>An obsolete LaTeX 2.09 format for making slides. It is replaced by + <br><dt><tt>slitex</tt><dd><a name="index-Sli_0040TeX_007b_007d-286"></a><a name="index-slides_002c-producing-287"></a>An obsolete LaTeX 2.09 format for making slides. It is replaced by the ‘<samp><span class="samp">slides</span></samp>’ document class, along with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">beamer</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">texpower</span></samp>’, and other packages. @@ -1368,7 +1368,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.4 Languages and hyphenation</h3> -<p><a name="index-language-support-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-289"></a><a name="index-human-languages_002c-supported-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-290"></a><a name="index-hyphenation-and-languages-291"></a> +<p><a name="index-language-support-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-288"></a><a name="index-human-languages_002c-supported-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-289"></a><a name="index-hyphenation-and-languages-290"></a> TeX supports most natural languages. See also <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a>. <ul class="menu"> @@ -1387,8 +1387,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages a <h4 class="subsection">4.4.1 MLTeX: Multi-lingual TeX</h4> -<p><a name="index-mltex-292"></a><a name="index-Multi_002dlingual-_0040TeX_007b_007d-293"></a> -<a name="index-Ferguson_002c-Michael-294"></a><a name="index-Raichle_002c-Bernd-295"></a><a name="index-accents_002c-hyphenating-words-with-296"></a><a name="index-glyph-substitutions-297"></a><a name="index-substitutions-of-font-glyphs-298"></a>Multi-lingual TeX (<code>mltex</code>) is an extension of TeX originally +<p><a name="index-mltex-291"></a><a name="index-Multi_002dlingual-_0040TeX_007b_007d-292"></a> +<a name="index-Ferguson_002c-Michael-293"></a><a name="index-Raichle_002c-Bernd-294"></a><a name="index-accents_002c-hyphenating-words-with-295"></a><a name="index-glyph-substitutions-296"></a><a name="index-substitutions-of-font-glyphs-297"></a>Multi-lingual TeX (<code>mltex</code>) is an extension of TeX originally written by Michael Ferguson and now updated and maintained by Bernd Raichle. It allows the use of non-existing glyphs in a font by declaring glyph substitutions. These are restricted to substitutions of @@ -1427,7 +1427,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a> <h5 class="subsubsection">4.4.1.1 <code>\charsubdef</code>: Character substitutions</h5> -<p><a name="index-g_t_005ccharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-299"></a> +<p><a name="index-g_t_005ccharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-298"></a> The most important primitive MLTeX adds is <code>\charsubdef</code>, used in a way reminiscent of <code>\chardef</code>: <pre class="example"> \charsubdef <var>composite</var> [=] <var>accent</var> <var>base</var> @@ -1444,7 +1444,7 @@ primitive, will be mapped to a font glyph or to an <code>\accent</code> glyph construction. <p>For example, if you assume glyph code 138 -<a name="index-e_002dcircumflex-300"></a>(decimal) for an e-circumflex +<a name="index-e_002dcircumflex-299"></a>(decimal) for an e-circumflex and you are using the Computer Modern fonts, which have the circumflex accent in position 18 and lowercase `e' in the usual ASCII position 101 decimal, you would use <code>\charsubdef</code> as follows: @@ -1462,7 +1462,7 @@ characters. as a pair of zeros. For example: <pre class="example"> \charsubdef '321 = 0 0 % disable N tilde </pre> - <p><a name="index-N-tilde-301"></a>(Octal <tt>'321</tt> is the ISO Latin-1 value for the Spanish N tilde.) + <p><a name="index-N-tilde-300"></a>(Octal <tt>'321</tt> is the ISO Latin-1 value for the Spanish N tilde.) <p><code>\charsubdef</code> commands should only be given once. Although in principle you can use <code>\charsubdef</code> at any time, the result is @@ -1486,12 +1486,12 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a> <h5 class="subsubsection">4.4.1.2 <code>\tracingcharsubdef</code>: Substitution diagnostics</h5> -<p><a name="index-g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-302"></a><a name="index-redefined-character-substitutions-303"></a>To help diagnose problems with ‘<samp><span class="samp">\charsubdef</span></samp>’, MLTeX provides a +<p><a name="index-g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-301"></a><a name="index-redefined-character-substitutions-302"></a>To help diagnose problems with ‘<samp><span class="samp">\charsubdef</span></samp>’, MLTeX provides a new primitive parameter, <code>\tracingcharsubdef</code>. If positive, every use of <code>\charsubdef</code> will be reported. This can help track down when a character is redefined. - <p><a name="index-g_t_005ctracinglostchars-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-304"></a>In addition, if the TeX parameter <code>\tracinglostchars</code> is 100 or + <p><a name="index-g_t_005ctracinglostchars-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-303"></a>In addition, if the TeX parameter <code>\tracinglostchars</code> is 100 or more, the character substitutions actually performed at <code>\shipout</code>-time will be recorded. @@ -1505,8 +1505,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages a <h4 class="subsection">4.4.2 TCX files: Character translations</h4> -<p><a name="index-TCX-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-305"></a><a name="index-g_t_002etcx-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-306"></a><a name="index-character-translation-files-307"></a> -<a name="index-international-characters-308"></a><a name="index-g_t8_002dbit-characters-309"></a><a name="index-accented-character-310"></a>TCX (TeX character translation) files help TeX support direct +<p><a name="index-TCX-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-304"></a><a name="index-g_t_002etcx-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-305"></a><a name="index-character-translation-files-306"></a> +<a name="index-international-characters-307"></a><a name="index-g_t8_002dbit-characters-308"></a><a name="index-accented-character-309"></a>TCX (TeX character translation) files help TeX support direct input of 8-bit international characters if fonts containing those characters are being used. Specifically, they map an input (keyboard) character code to the internal TeX character code (a superset of @@ -1537,7 +1537,7 @@ construction made out of two separate character glyphs. TCX files involve no new primitives; it is not possible to specify that an input (keyboard) character maps to more than one character. - <p><a name="index-WEB2C_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-TCX-files_007d-311"></a>Information on specifying TCX files: + <p><a name="index-WEB2C_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-TCX-files_007d-310"></a>Information on specifying TCX files: <ul> <li>The best way to specify a TCX file is to list it explicitly in the @@ -1552,7 +1552,7 @@ with the command-line option ‘<samp><span class="samp">-translate-file=</s <li>Initial TeX (see <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a>) ignores TCX files. </ul> - <p><a name="index-il1_002dt1_002etcx-312"></a><a name="index-il2_002dt1_002etcx-313"></a><a name="index-empty_002etcx-314"></a><a name="index-Cork-encoding-and-ISO-input-315"></a><a name="index-T1-encoding-and-ISO-input-316"></a>The Web2c distribution comes with a number of TCX files. Two + <p><a name="index-il1_002dt1_002etcx-311"></a><a name="index-il2_002dt1_002etcx-312"></a><a name="index-empty_002etcx-313"></a><a name="index-Cork-encoding-and-ISO-input-314"></a><a name="index-T1-encoding-and-ISO-input-315"></a>The Web2c distribution comes with a number of TCX files. Two important ones are <samp><span class="file">il1-t1.tcx</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">il2-t1.tcx</span></samp>, which support ISO Latin 1 and ISO Latin 2, respectively, with Cork-encoded fonts (a.k.a. the LaTeX T1 encoding). TCX files for Czech, @@ -1570,20 +1570,20 @@ Thus: latex --translate-file=empty.tcx somefile8.tex ⇒ terminal etc. output with ^^ notation </pre> - <p><a name="index-syntax-of-TCX-files-317"></a>Syntax of TCX files: + <p><a name="index-syntax-of-TCX-files-316"></a>Syntax of TCX files: <ol type=1 start=1> -<li><a name="index-blank-lines_002c-in-TCX-files-318"></a>Line-oriented. Blank lines are ignored. +<li><a name="index-blank-lines_002c-in-TCX-files-317"></a>Line-oriented. Blank lines are ignored. - <li><a name="index-whitespace_002c-in-TCX-files-319"></a>Whitespace is ignored except as a separator. + <li><a name="index-whitespace_002c-in-TCX-files-318"></a>Whitespace is ignored except as a separator. - <li><a name="index-comments_002c-in-TCX-files-320"></a>Comments start with ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’ and continue to the end of the line. + <li><a name="index-comments_002c-in-TCX-files-319"></a>Comments start with ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’ and continue to the end of the line. <li>Otherwise, a line consists of one or two character codes, optionally followed by 0 or 1. The last number indicates whether <var>dest</var> is considered printable. <pre class="example"> <var>src</var> [<var>dest</var> [<var>prnt</var>]] </pre> - <li><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-321"></a><a name="index-octal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-322"></a><a name="index-hex-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-323"></a><a name="index-decimal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-324"></a>Each character code may be specified in octal with a leading ‘<samp><span class="samp">0</span></samp>’, + <li><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-320"></a><a name="index-octal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-321"></a><a name="index-hex-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-322"></a><a name="index-decimal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-323"></a>Each character code may be specified in octal with a leading ‘<samp><span class="samp">0</span></samp>’, hexadecimal with a leading ‘<samp><span class="samp">0x</span></samp>’, or decimal otherwise. Values must be between 0 and 255, inclusive (decimal). @@ -1594,7 +1594,7 @@ be between 0 and 255, inclusive (decimal). definition that counts. </ol> - <p><a name="index-printable-characters_002c-specifying-325"></a><a name="index-g_t_005e_005e-_0040r_007bnotation_002c-avoiding_007d-326"></a>Finally, here's what happens: when TeX sees an input character with + <p><a name="index-printable-characters_002c-specifying-324"></a><a name="index-g_t_005e_005e-_0040r_007bnotation_002c-avoiding_007d-325"></a>Finally, here's what happens: when TeX sees an input character with code <var>src</var>, it 1) changes <var>src</var> to <var>dest</var>; and 2) makes the <var>dest</var> code “printable”, i.e., printed as-is in diagnostics and the log file rather than in ‘<samp><span class="samp">^^</span></samp>’ notation. @@ -1608,10 +1608,10 @@ make the following characters printable: <code>^^I</code> (TAB), <code>^^J</code (line feed), <code>^^M</code> (carriage return), and <code>^^?</code> (delete), since TeX uses them in various ways. - <p><a name="index-font-character-code_002c-translating-327"></a><a name="index-keyboard-character-code_002c-translating-328"></a>Thus, the idea is to specify the input (keyboard) character code for + <p><a name="index-font-character-code_002c-translating-326"></a><a name="index-keyboard-character-code_002c-translating-327"></a>Thus, the idea is to specify the input (keyboard) character code for <var>src</var>, and the output (font) character code for <var>dest</var>. - <p><a name="index-interaction-between-TCX-files-and-_0040samp_007b_002d8bit_007d_002e-329"></a>By default, only the printable ASCII characters are considered printable + <p><a name="index-interaction-between-TCX-files-and-_0040samp_007b_002d8bit_007d_002e-328"></a>By default, only the printable ASCII characters are considered printable by TeX. If you specify the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’ option, all characters are considered printable by default. If you specify both the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’ option and a TCX file, then the TCX can set specific characters to be @@ -1639,7 +1639,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages a <h4 class="subsection">4.4.3 Patgen: Creating hyphenation patterns</h4> -<p><a name="index-patgen-330"></a><a name="index-hyphenation-patterns_002c-creating-331"></a><a name="index-languages_002c-hyphenation-rules-for-332"></a> +<p><a name="index-patgen-329"></a><a name="index-hyphenation-patterns_002c-creating-330"></a><a name="index-languages_002c-hyphenation-rules-for-331"></a> Patgen creates hyphenation patterns from dictionary files for use with TeX. Synopsis: @@ -1681,7 +1681,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.5 Shell escapes</h3> -<p><a name="index-shell-commands-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-333"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-shell-escapes-334"></a><a name="index-restricted-shell-escapes-335"></a><a name="index-system-command-336"></a><a name="index-shell_005fescape-_0040r_007benabling-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-337"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cimmediate_005cwrite18-338"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cwrite18-_0040r_007bshell-escape-extension_007d-339"></a><a name="index-system-_0040r_007bC-library-function_007d-340"></a> +<p><a name="index-shell-commands-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-332"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-shell-escapes-333"></a><a name="index-restricted-shell-escapes-334"></a><a name="index-system-command-335"></a><a name="index-shell_005fescape-_0040r_007benabling-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-336"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cimmediate_005cwrite18-337"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cwrite18-_0040r_007bshell-escape-extension_007d-338"></a><a name="index-system-_0040r_007bC-library-function_007d-339"></a> TeX can execute <dfn>shell escapes</dfn>, that is, arbitrary shell commands. Although tremendously useful, this also has obvious security implications. Therefore, as of TeX Live 2009, a @@ -1707,13 +1707,13 @@ specified, or if <code>shell_escape</code> is set to anything else. <pre class="example"> \write18{echo "hello, world"} </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_005coutput-_0040r_007broutine_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005cwrite_007d_007d-341"></a>From TeX's point of view, this is a normal <code>\write</code> command, + <p><a name="index-g_t_005coutput-_0040r_007broutine_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005cwrite_007d_007d-340"></a>From TeX's point of view, this is a normal <code>\write</code> command, and is therefore subject to the usual TeX expansions. Also, the system call either happens during the ‘<samp><span class="samp">\output</span></samp>’ routine or right away, according to the absence or presence of the <code>\immediate</code> prefix, as usual for <code>\write</code>. - <p><a name="index-exit-status_002c-of-shell-escape-342"></a>The <var>shell-command</var> string is passed to the command shell (via the + <p><a name="index-exit-status_002c-of-shell-escape-341"></a>The <var>shell-command</var> string is passed to the command shell (via the C library function <code>system</code>). The output of <var>shell-command</var> is not diverted anywhere, so it will not appear in the log file, or anywhere but the terminal output. The exit status of the system call @@ -1732,7 +1732,7 @@ expansions (from, e.g., <tt>`...`</tt>). Mismatched quotation marks in the command string result in a diagnostic message in the log file; no execution is performed. - <p><a name="index-shell_005fescape_005fcommands-343"></a>After quotation processing, if the first word (delimited by a space or + <p><a name="index-shell_005fescape_005fcommands-342"></a>After quotation processing, if the first word (delimited by a space or tab) of the command is in the list specified by the <code>shell_escape_commands</code> configuration value, the command is executed. Otherwise it is not. In any case, a message is written to @@ -1745,7 +1745,7 @@ commands included: <pre class="example"> shell_escape_commands = bibtex,dvips,epstopdf,...,tex </pre> - <p><a name="index-pipes_002c-reading-and-writing-344"></a><a name="index-g_t_005copenin_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-345"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cinput_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-346"></a><a name="index-g_t_005copenout_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-347"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cpdfshellescape-348"></a>pdfTeX and luaTeX support reading (via <code>\input</code> and + <p><a name="index-pipes_002c-reading-and-writing-343"></a><a name="index-g_t_005copenin_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-344"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cinput_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-345"></a><a name="index-g_t_005copenout_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-346"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cpdfshellescape-347"></a>pdfTeX and luaTeX support reading (via <code>\input</code> and <code>\openin</code>) and writing (via <code>\openout</code>) from pipes if the first character is ‘<samp><span class="samp">|</span></samp>’. The following command is then treated exactly the same as the argument to <code>\write18</code>. In these @@ -1753,7 +1753,7 @@ engines, the primitive variable <code>\pdfshellescape</code> is set to 0 if shell escapes are disabled, 1 if they are enabled, and 2 if they are enabled with restrictions. - <p><a name="index-web-environments_002c-and-security-349"></a>The purpose of this feature is to make it possible for TeX + <p><a name="index-web-environments_002c-and-security-348"></a>The purpose of this feature is to make it possible for TeX documents to perform useful external actions in the common case of an individual user running a known document on his or her own machine. In such environments as CGI scripts or wikis where the input has to be @@ -1770,14 +1770,14 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.6 IPC and TeX</h3> -<p><a name="index-IPC-350"></a><a name="index-sockets-351"></a>(If anyone uses this feature and needs documentation, write +<p><a name="index-IPC-349"></a><a name="index-sockets-350"></a>(If anyone uses this feature and needs documentation, write <a href="mailto:tex-k@tug.org">tex-k@tug.org</a>.) <p>This functionality is available only if the ‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-ipc</span></samp>’ option was specified to <code>configure</code> during installation of Web2c (see <a href="#Installation">Installation</a>). - <p><a name="index-IPC_005fDEBUG-352"></a>If you define <code>IPC_DEBUG</code> before compilation (e.g., with ‘<samp><span class="samp">make + <p><a name="index-IPC_005fDEBUG-351"></a>If you define <code>IPC_DEBUG</code> before compilation (e.g., with ‘<samp><span class="samp">make XCFLAGS=-DIPC_DEBUG</span></samp>’), TeX will print messages to standard error about its socket operations. This may be helpful if you are, well, debugging. @@ -1792,28 +1792,28 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.7 TeX extensions</h3> -<p><a name="index-extensions-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-353"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-extensions-to-354"></a> +<p><a name="index-extensions-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-352"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-extensions-to-353"></a> The base TeX program has been extended in many ways. Here's a partial list. <dl> -<dt>e-TeX<dd><a name="index-e_002d_0040TeX_007b_007d-355"></a><a name="index-primitives_002c-new-356"></a>Adds many new primitives, including right-to-left typesetting and more +<dt>e-TeX<dd><a name="index-e_002d_0040TeX_007b_007d-354"></a><a name="index-primitives_002c-new-355"></a>Adds many new primitives, including right-to-left typesetting and more registers. Now frozen. - <br><dt>Aleph<dd><a name="index-Aleph-357"></a><a name="index-Unicode-358"></a>This adds Unicode support, right-to-left typesetting, and more. Omega + <br><dt>Aleph<dd><a name="index-Aleph-356"></a><a name="index-Unicode-357"></a>This adds Unicode support, right-to-left typesetting, and more. Omega was the original program. Aleph is an updated version with a variety of bug fixes, and includes e-TeX. Aleph is not actively maintained. - <br><dt>pdfTeX<dd><a name="index-pdf_0040TeX_007b_007d-359"></a><a name="index-PDF-360"></a><a name="index-micro_002dtypography-361"></a><a name="index-hypertext-362"></a>Can produce PDF as well as DVI files. It also incorporates the + <br><dt>pdfTeX<dd><a name="index-pdf_0040TeX_007b_007d-358"></a><a name="index-PDF-359"></a><a name="index-micro_002dtypography-360"></a><a name="index-hypertext-361"></a>Can produce PDF as well as DVI files. It also incorporates the e-TeX extensions, new primitives for hypertext and micro-typography, reading/writing from pipes, and much more. Home page: <a href="http://pdftex.org">http://pdftex.org</a>. - <br><dt>luaTeX<dd><a name="index-lua_0040TeX_007b_007d-363"></a><a name="index-Lua-364"></a>Based on pdfTeX, this also embeds the Lua programming language + <br><dt>luaTeX<dd><a name="index-lua_0040TeX_007b_007d-362"></a><a name="index-Lua-363"></a>Based on pdfTeX, this also embeds the Lua programming language (<a href="http://lua.org">http://lua.org</a>) and opens up the TeX typesetting engine to control from Lua. Home page: <a href="http://luatex.org">http://luatex.org</a>. - <br><dt>XeTeX<dd><a name="index-Xe_0040TeX_007b_007d-365"></a><a name="index-Unicode-366"></a>Combines support for Unicode input and OpenType- and system fonts + <br><dt>XeTeX<dd><a name="index-Xe_0040TeX_007b_007d-364"></a><a name="index-Unicode-365"></a>Combines support for Unicode input and OpenType- and system fonts with the capabilities of pdfTeX. Home page: <a href="http://tug.org/xetex">http://tug.org/xetex</a>. @@ -1830,7 +1830,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">5 Metafont: Creating typeface families</h2> -<p><a name="index-Metafont-367"></a><a name="index-typeface-families-368"></a><a name="index-geometric-designs-369"></a><a name="index-shapes-370"></a><a name="index-font-design-371"></a> +<p><a name="index-Metafont-366"></a><a name="index-typeface-families-367"></a><a name="index-geometric-designs-368"></a><a name="index-shapes-369"></a><a name="index-font-design-370"></a> Metafont is a system for producing shapes; it was designed for producing complete typeface families, but it can also produce geometric designs, dingbats, etc. And it has considerable mathematical and @@ -1864,7 +1864,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.1 <code>mf</code> invocation</h3> -<p><a name="index-mf-372"></a><a name="index-Metafont-invocation-373"></a> +<p><a name="index-mf-371"></a><a name="index-Metafont-invocation-372"></a> Metafont (usually invoked as <code>mf</code>) reads character definitions specified in the Metafont programming language, and outputs the corresponding font. This section merely describes the options available @@ -1884,7 +1884,7 @@ language, see <cite>The Metafontbook</cite> (see <a href="#References">Reference </pre> <p class="noindent">(The single quotes avoid unwanted interpretation by the shell.) - <p><a name="index-g_t_002emf-374"></a><a name="index-Metafont-input-files-375"></a><a name="index-EC-fonts-376"></a><a name="index-mktexmf_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-377"></a>Metafont searches the usual places for the main input file <var>mfname</var> + <p><a name="index-g_t_002emf-373"></a><a name="index-Metafont-input-files-374"></a><a name="index-EC-fonts-375"></a><a name="index-mktexmf_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-376"></a>Metafont searches the usual places for the main input file <var>mfname</var> (see <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>), extending <var>mfname</var> with <samp><span class="file">.mf</span></samp> if necessary. To see all the relevant paths, set the environment variable <code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code> to ‘<samp><span class="samp">-1</span></samp>’ @@ -1894,7 +1894,7 @@ files you input. You can disable this at configure-time or runtime (see <a href="kpathsea.html#mktex-configuration">mktex configuration</a>). This is mostly for the sake of the EC fonts, which can be generated at any size. - <p><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dgf-_0040r_007bgeneric-fonts_007d-378"></a><a name="index-mfput-379"></a><a name="index-GF-output-380"></a><a name="index-GF-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-381"></a><a name="index-PK-files_002c-not-output-by-Metafont-382"></a>Metafont writes the main GF output to the file + <p><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dgf-_0040r_007bgeneric-fonts_007d-377"></a><a name="index-mfput-378"></a><a name="index-GF-output-379"></a><a name="index-GF-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-380"></a><a name="index-PK-files_002c-not-output-by-Metafont-381"></a>Metafont writes the main GF output to the file <samp><var>basemfname</var><span class="file">.</span><var>nnn</var><span class="file">gf</span></samp>, where <var>nnn</var> is the font resolution in pixels per inch, and <var>basemfname</var> is the basename of <var>mfname</var>, or ‘<samp><span class="samp">mfput</span></samp>’ if no input file was specified. A GF file @@ -1903,12 +1903,12 @@ converted immediately to PK files with GFtoPK (see <a href="#gftopk-invocation"> more compact. (Metafont output in GF format rather than PK for only historical reasons.) - <p><a name="index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-383"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-384"></a>Metafont also usually writes a metric file in TFM format to + <p><a name="index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-382"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-383"></a>Metafont also usually writes a metric file in TFM format to <samp><var>basemfname</var><span class="file">.tfm</span></samp>. A TFM file contains character dimensions, kerns, and ligatures, and spacing parameters. TeX reads only this <tt>.tfm</tt> file, not the GF file. - <p><a name="index-mode-needed-to-run-Metafont-385"></a><a name="index-proof-_0040r_007bmode_007d-386"></a><a name="index-g_t2602gf-387"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e2602gf-388"></a>The <var>mode</var> in the example command above is a name referring to a + <p><a name="index-mode-needed-to-run-Metafont-384"></a><a name="index-proof-_0040r_007bmode_007d-385"></a><a name="index-g_t2602gf-386"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e2602gf-387"></a>The <var>mode</var> in the example command above is a name referring to a device definition (see <a href="#Modes">Modes</a>); for example, <code>localfont</code> or <code>ljfour</code>. These device definitions must generally be precompiled into the base file. If you leave this out, the default is <code>proof</code> @@ -1935,7 +1935,7 @@ usual. For example: <dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]-file-line-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-fmt=</span><var>fmtname</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-halt-on-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ini</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-interaction=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-jobname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-kpathsea-debug=</span><var>number</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]parse-first-line</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-progname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-recorder</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-translate-file=</span><var>tcxfile</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’<dd>These options are common to TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost. See <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-389"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-390"></a>Turn on or off the ‘<samp><span class="samp">mktex</span></samp>’ script associated with <var>filetype</var>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-388"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-389"></a>Turn on or off the ‘<samp><span class="samp">mktex</span></samp>’ script associated with <var>filetype</var>. The only value that makes sense for <var>filetype</var> is ‘<samp><span class="samp">mf</span></samp>’. </dl> @@ -1950,8 +1950,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.2 Initial Metafont</h3> -<p><a name="index-initial-Metafont-391"></a><a name="index-Metafont_002c-initial-392"></a> -<a name="index-g_t_002ebase-393"></a><a name="index-base-files-394"></a><code>inimf</code> is the “initial” form of Metafont, which does lengthy +<p><a name="index-initial-Metafont-390"></a><a name="index-Metafont_002c-initial-391"></a> +<a name="index-g_t_002ebase-392"></a><a name="index-base-files-393"></a><code>inimf</code> is the “initial” form of Metafont, which does lengthy initializations avoided by the “virgin” (<code>vir</code>) form, so as to be capable of dumping ‘<samp><span class="samp">.base</span></samp>’ files (see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>). For a detailed comparison of virgin and initial forms, see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>. In past releases, a separate program <samp><span class="command">inimf</span></samp> was @@ -1959,7 +1959,7 @@ installed to invoke the initial form, but this is no longer the case. <p>For a list of options and other information, see <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a>. - <p><a name="index-plain_002ebase-395"></a><a name="index-mf_002ebase-396"></a>The only memory dump file commonly used with Metafont is the default + <p><a name="index-plain_002ebase-394"></a><a name="index-mf_002ebase-395"></a>The only memory dump file commonly used with Metafont is the default ‘<samp><span class="samp">plain.base</span></samp>’, also known as ‘<samp><span class="samp">mf.base</span></samp>’ (again, see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>). It is created by default during installation, but you can also do so by hand if necessary (e.g., if a Metafont update is issued): <pre class="example"> mf -ini '\input plain; input modes; dump' @@ -1972,13 +1972,13 @@ Then install the resulting <samp><span class="file">plain.base</span></samp> in <p>For an explanation of the additional <samp><span class="file">modes.mf</span></samp> file, see <a href="#Modes">Modes</a>. This file has no counterpart in TeX or MetaPost. - <p><a name="index-cmmf_002ebase-_0040r_007bnot-recommended_007d-397"></a><a name="index-cm_002ebase-398"></a><a name="index-cmbase_002emf-399"></a><a name="index-Computer-Modern-macros-400"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-plain-only-401"></a>In the past, it was sometimes useful to create a base file + <p><a name="index-cmmf_002ebase-_0040r_007bnot-recommended_007d-396"></a><a name="index-cm_002ebase-397"></a><a name="index-cmbase_002emf-398"></a><a name="index-Computer-Modern-macros-399"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-plain-only-400"></a>In the past, it was sometimes useful to create a base file <samp><span class="file">cmmf.base</span></samp> (a.k.a. <samp><span class="file">cm.base</span></samp>), with the Computer Modern macros also included in the base file. Nowadays, however, the additional time required to read <samp><span class="file">cmbase.mf</span></samp> is exceedingly small, usually not enough to be worth the administrative hassle of updating the <samp><span class="file">cmmf.base</span></samp> file when you install a new version of <samp><span class="file">modes.mf</span></samp>. -<a name="index-type-design_002c-personal-402"></a>People actually working on a typeface may still find it worthwhile to +<a name="index-type-design_002c-personal-401"></a>People actually working on a typeface may still find it worthwhile to create their own base file, of course. <div class="node"> @@ -1992,16 +1992,16 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.3 Modes: Device definitions for Metafont</h3> -<p><a name="index-modes-file-needed-for-Metafont-403"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-need-mode-definitions-404"></a><a name="index-device-definitions_002c-for-Metafont-405"></a><a name="index-printer-characteristics_002c-for-Metafont-406"></a>Running Metafont and creating Metafont base files requires information +<p><a name="index-modes-file-needed-for-Metafont-402"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-need-mode-definitions-403"></a><a name="index-device-definitions_002c-for-Metafont-404"></a><a name="index-printer-characteristics_002c-for-Metafont-405"></a>Running Metafont and creating Metafont base files requires information that TeX and MetaPost do not: <dfn>mode</dfn> definitions which specify device characteristics, so Metafont can properly rasterize the shapes. - <p><a name="index-modes_002emf-_0040r_007brecommended-modes-file_007d-407"></a>When making a base file, a file containing modes for locally-available + <p><a name="index-modes_002emf-_0040r_007brecommended-modes-file_007d-406"></a>When making a base file, a file containing modes for locally-available devices should be input after <samp><span class="file">plain.mf</span></samp>. One commonly used file is <a href="ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf">ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf</a>; it includes all known definitions. - <p><a name="index-small-Metafont-memory-and-modes-408"></a><a name="index-mode_005fdef-409"></a><a name="index-mode_005fsetup-410"></a>If, however, for some reason you have decreased the memory available in + <p><a name="index-small-Metafont-memory-and-modes-407"></a><a name="index-mode_005fdef-408"></a><a name="index-mode_005fsetup-409"></a>If, however, for some reason you have decreased the memory available in your Metafont, you may need to copy <samp><span class="file">modes.mf</span></samp> and remove the definitions irrelevant to you (probably most of them) instead of using it directly. (Or, if you're a Metafont hacker, maybe you can suggest a @@ -2014,7 +2014,7 @@ comments in that file for how to create the new definition, and please send the definition to <a href="mailto:tex-fonts@math.utah.edu">tex-fonts@math.utah.edu</a> to get it included in the next release of <samp><span class="file">modes.mf</span></samp>. - <p><a name="index-smode-_0040r_007band-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definition_007d-411"></a><a name="index-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definitions-with-_0040code_007bsmode_007d-412"></a>Usually, when you run Metafont you must supply the name of a mode that + <p><a name="index-smode-_0040r_007band-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definition_007d-410"></a><a name="index-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definitions-with-_0040code_007bsmode_007d-411"></a>Usually, when you run Metafont you must supply the name of a mode that was dumped in the base file. But you can also define the mode characteristics dynamically, by invoking Metafont with an assignment to <code>smode</code> instead of <code>mode</code>, like this: @@ -2050,13 +2050,13 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.4 Online Metafont graphics</h3> -<p><a name="index-online-Metafont-graphics-413"></a><a name="index-Metafont-graphics-414"></a> +<p><a name="index-online-Metafont-graphics-412"></a><a name="index-Metafont-graphics-413"></a> The Web2c implementation of Metafont can do online graphics with a number of devices. (See the Metafont manual for more information about how to draw on your screen.) By default, no graphics support is enabled. - <p><a name="index-MFTERM-415"></a><a name="index-TERM-416"></a>Metafont examines the <code>MFTERM</code> environment variable or config file + <p><a name="index-MFTERM-414"></a><a name="index-TERM-415"></a>Metafont examines the <code>MFTERM</code> environment variable or config file value at runtime, or the <code>TERM</code> environment variable if <code>MFTERM</code> is not set, to determine the device support to use. Naturally, only the devices for which support has been compiled in can @@ -2066,59 +2066,59 @@ be selected. and the corresponding <code>configure</code> option(s) in parentheses. <dl> -<dt><code>epsf</code><a name="index-epsf-417"></a><dd><a name="index-Herberts_002c-Mathias-418"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002depsfwin-419"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-epsfwin</span></samp>’) Pseudo-window server for Encapsulated +<dt><code>epsf</code><a name="index-epsf-416"></a><dd><a name="index-Herberts_002c-Mathias-417"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002depsfwin-418"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-epsfwin</span></samp>’) Pseudo-window server for Encapsulated PostScript (see <samp><span class="file">web2c/window/epsf.c</span></samp>). This device produces an EPS file containing the graphics which would be displayed online on other devices. The name of the EPS file defaults to metafont.eps but can be changed by setting the MFEPSF environment variable to the new filename. Contributed by Mathias Herberts. - <br><dt><code>hp2627</code><a name="index-hp2627-420"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dhp2627win-421"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-hp2627win</span></samp>’) HP2627a color graphics terminals. + <br><dt><code>hp2627</code><a name="index-hp2627-419"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dhp2627win-420"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-hp2627win</span></samp>’) HP2627a color graphics terminals. - <br><dt><code>mftalk</code><a name="index-mftalk-422"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dmftalkwin-423"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-mftalkwin</span></samp>’) Generic window server (see + <br><dt><code>mftalk</code><a name="index-mftalk-421"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dmftalkwin-422"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-mftalkwin</span></samp>’) Generic window server (see <samp><span class="file">web2c/window/mftalk.c</span></samp>). - <br><dt><code>next</code><a name="index-next-424"></a><dd><a name="index-DrawingServant-425"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dnext-426"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-next</span></samp>’) NeXT window system. This requires a separate + <br><dt><code>next</code><a name="index-next-423"></a><dd><a name="index-DrawingServant-424"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dnext-425"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-next</span></samp>’) NeXT window system. This requires a separate program, called <code>DrawingServant</code>, available separately. See the <samp><span class="file">web2c/window/next.c</span></samp>. - <br><dt><code>regis</code><a name="index-regis-427"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dregiswin-428"></a><a name="index-Regis-graphics-support-429"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-regiswin</span></samp>’) Regis terminals. + <br><dt><code>regis</code><a name="index-regis-426"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dregiswin-427"></a><a name="index-Regis-graphics-support-428"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-regiswin</span></samp>’) Regis terminals. - <br><dt><code>sun</code><a name="index-sun-430"></a><dd><a name="index-SunView-431"></a><a name="index-Suntools-432"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dsuntoolswin-433"></a><a name="index-sun_002dgfx_002ec-434"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-suntoolswin</span></samp>’) The old Suntools (not any flavor of X) + <br><dt><code>sun</code><a name="index-sun-429"></a><dd><a name="index-SunView-430"></a><a name="index-Suntools-431"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dsuntoolswin-432"></a><a name="index-sun_002dgfx_002ec-433"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-suntoolswin</span></samp>’) The old Suntools (not any flavor of X) window system. (You can get the even older SunWindows <code>gfx</code> system by using <samp><span class="file">sun-gfx.c</span></samp>.) - <br><dt><code>tek</code><a name="index-tek-435"></a><dd><a name="index-Tektronix-436"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dtektronixwin-437"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-tektronixwin</span></samp>’) Tektronix terminals. + <br><dt><code>tek</code><a name="index-tek-434"></a><dd><a name="index-Tektronix-435"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dtektronixwin-436"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-tektronixwin</span></samp>’) Tektronix terminals. - <p><a name="index-Poole_002c-Simon-438"></a><br><dt><code>uniterm</code><a name="index-uniterm-439"></a><dd><a name="index-Tektronix-4014-440"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dunitermwin-441"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-unitermwin</span></samp>’) Uniterm, Simon Poole's emulator of a smart + <p><a name="index-Poole_002c-Simon-437"></a><br><dt><code>uniterm</code><a name="index-uniterm-438"></a><dd><a name="index-Tektronix-4014-439"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dunitermwin-440"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-unitermwin</span></samp>’) Uniterm, Simon Poole's emulator of a smart Tektronix 4014 terminal. This may work with regular Tektronix terminals as well; it's faster than the driver ‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-tektronixwin</span></samp>’ selects. - <p><a name="index-NO_005fX11WIN-442"></a><a name="index-Xt-443"></a><a name="index-Xlib-444"></a><br><dt><code>xterm</code><a name="index-xterm-445"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dx-446"></a>‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-x</span></samp>’ The X window system (version 11). + <p><a name="index-NO_005fX11WIN-441"></a><a name="index-Xt-442"></a><a name="index-Xlib-443"></a><br><dt><code>xterm</code><a name="index-xterm-444"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dx-445"></a>‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-x</span></samp>’ The X window system (version 11). - <p><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dmf_002dx_002dtoolkit_003d_0040var_007bkit_007d-447"></a><a name="index-toolkits_002c-X-448"></a><a name="index-X-toolkits-and-Metafont-449"></a><a name="index-Xt-support-450"></a><a name="index-Xlib-support-451"></a>There are two variants of the X11 support, one that works with the Xt + <p><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dmf_002dx_002dtoolkit_003d_0040var_007bkit_007d-446"></a><a name="index-toolkits_002c-X-447"></a><a name="index-X-toolkits-and-Metafont-448"></a><a name="index-Xt-support-449"></a><a name="index-Xlib-support-450"></a>There are two variants of the X11 support, one that works with the Xt toolkit, and another that works directly with Xlib. The Xt support is more efficient and has more functionality, so it is the default. If you must use the Xlib support, use ‘<samp><span class="samp">configure --with-x --with-kf-x-toolkit=no</span></samp>’. - <p><a name="index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002dmf_002dnowin-452"></a><a name="index-non_002dwindows_002dcapable-Metafont-453"></a>Specify ‘<samp><span class="samp">--disable-mf-nowin</span></samp>’ in order not to build a separate + <p><a name="index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002dmf_002dnowin-451"></a><a name="index-non_002dwindows_002dcapable-Metafont-452"></a>Specify ‘<samp><span class="samp">--disable-mf-nowin</span></samp>’ in order not to build a separate non-windows-capable Metafont executable <code>mf-nowin</code> (or <code>mf-nowin.exe</code>). - <p><a name="index-X-resources-454"></a><a name="index-X-class-name-for-Metafont-455"></a><a name="index-class-name-for-Metafont-456"></a><a name="index-geometry-for-Metafont-457"></a><a name="index-Metafont-geometry-458"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eXdefaults-459"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eXresources-460"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dgeometry_0040r_007b_002c-supported-with-Xt_007d-461"></a>You cannot specify any of the usual X options (e.g., ‘<samp><span class="samp">-geometry</span></samp>’) + <p><a name="index-X-resources-453"></a><a name="index-X-class-name-for-Metafont-454"></a><a name="index-class-name-for-Metafont-455"></a><a name="index-geometry-for-Metafont-456"></a><a name="index-Metafont-geometry-457"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eXdefaults-458"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eXresources-459"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dgeometry_0040r_007b_002c-supported-with-Xt_007d-460"></a>You cannot specify any of the usual X options (e.g., ‘<samp><span class="samp">-geometry</span></samp>’) on the Metafont command line, but you can specify X resources in your <samp><span class="file">~/.Xdefaults</span></samp> or <samp><span class="file">~/.Xresources</span></samp> file. The class name is <code>Metafont</code>. If you're using the Xt support, all the usual X toolkit resources are supported. If you're using the Xlib support, only the <code>geometry</code> resource is supported. - <p><a name="index-DISPLAY-462"></a>You specify the X display to which Metafont connects in the + <p><a name="index-DISPLAY-461"></a>You specify the X display to which Metafont connects in the <code>DISPLAY</code> environment variable, as usual. </dl> - <p><a name="index-Metafont-online-support_002c-new-devices-463"></a><a name="index-new-graphics-support-for-Metafont-464"></a><a name="index-texmfmp_002ec-465"></a>Writing support for a new device is straightforward. Aside from defining + <p><a name="index-Metafont-online-support_002c-new-devices-462"></a><a name="index-new-graphics-support-for-Metafont-463"></a><a name="index-texmfmp_002ec-464"></a>Writing support for a new device is straightforward. Aside from defining the basic drawing routines that Metafont uses (see <samp><span class="file">mf.web</span></samp>), you only have to add another entry to the tables on the last page of <samp><span class="file">web2c/lib/texmfmp.c</span></samp>. Or you can write an independent program and @@ -2135,7 +2135,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.5 GFtoDVI: Character proofs of fonts</h3> -<p><a name="index-gftodvi-466"></a><a name="index-character-proofs-of-fonts-467"></a><a name="index-font-proofs-468"></a><a name="index-proof-sheets_002c-of-fonts-469"></a> +<p><a name="index-gftodvi-465"></a><a name="index-character-proofs-of-fonts-466"></a><a name="index-font-proofs-467"></a><a name="index-proof-sheets_002c-of-fonts-468"></a> GFtoDVI makes <dfn>proof sheets</dfn> from a GF bitmap file as output by, for example, Metafont (see <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a>). This is an indispensable aid for font designers or Metafont hackers. Synopsis: @@ -2160,17 +2160,17 @@ with labels, titles, and annotations, as specified in Appendix H <p>GFtoDVI uses several fonts besides <var>gfname</var> itself: <ul> -<li><a name="index-gray-font-470"></a><dfn>gray font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">gray</span></samp>): for the pixels that actually make +<li><a name="index-gray-font-469"></a><dfn>gray font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">gray</span></samp>): for the pixels that actually make up the character. Simply using black is not right, since then labels, key points, and other information could not be shown. - <li><a name="index-title-font-471"></a><dfn>title font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">cmr8</span></samp>): for the header information at + <li><a name="index-title-font-470"></a><dfn>title font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">cmr8</span></samp>): for the header information at the top of each output page. - <li><a name="index-label-font-472"></a><dfn>label font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">cmtt10</span></samp>): for the labels on key points + <li><a name="index-label-font-471"></a><dfn>label font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">cmtt10</span></samp>): for the labels on key points of the figure. - <li><a name="index-slant-font-473"></a><dfn>slant font</dfn> (no default): for diagonal lines, which are otherwise + <li><a name="index-slant-font-472"></a><dfn>slant font</dfn> (no default): for diagonal lines, which are otherwise simulated using horizontal and vertical rules. </ul> @@ -2182,9 +2182,9 @@ existing files, such as <samp><span class="file">.../fonts/source/public/misc/slantlj4.mf</span></samp> and then running <samp><span class="command">mf</span></samp> on it. - <p>For testing purposes, you may it useful to run <code>mf rtest</code> (hit -RETURN when it stops) to get a <samp><span class="file">gf</span></samp> file of a thorn glyph. Or -use <samp><span class="command">mfw</span></samp> instead of <samp><span class="command">mf</span></samp> to have the glyph(s) + <p>For testing purposes, you may it useful to run <code>mf-nowin rtest</code> +(hit RETURN when it stops) to get a <samp><span class="file">gf</span></samp> file of a thorn glyph. +Or use <samp><span class="command">mf</span></samp> instead of <samp><span class="command">mf-nowin</span></samp> to have the glyph(s) displayed on the screen. After that, <code>gftodvi rtest.2602gf</code> should produce <samp><span class="file">rtest.dvi</span></samp>, which you process as usual. @@ -2192,7 +2192,7 @@ should produce <samp><span class="file">rtest.dvi</span></samp>, which you proce ‘<samp><span class="samp">-verbose</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-overflow-label-offset=</span><var>points</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doverflow_002dlabel_002doffset_003d_0040var_007bpoints_007d-474"></a><a name="index-overflow-label-offset-475"></a><a name="index-offset-for-overflow-labels-476"></a>Typeset the so-called overflow labels, if any, <var>points</var> TeX +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-overflow-label-offset=</span><var>points</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doverflow_002dlabel_002doffset_003d_0040var_007bpoints_007d-473"></a><a name="index-overflow-label-offset-474"></a><a name="index-offset-for-overflow-labels-475"></a>Typeset the so-called overflow labels, if any, <var>points</var> TeX points from the right edge of the character bounding box. The default is a little over two inches (ten million scaled points, to be precise). Overflow equations are used to locate coordinates when their actual @@ -2209,8 +2209,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.6 MFT: Prettyprinting Metafont source</h3> -<p><a name="index-mft-477"></a><a name="index-Metafont-source_002c-prettyprinting-478"></a><a name="index-prettyprinting-Metafont-source-479"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-Metafont-480"></a> -<a name="index-mftmac_002etex-481"></a>MFT translates a Metafont program into a TeX document suitable for +<p><a name="index-mft-476"></a><a name="index-Metafont-source_002c-prettyprinting-477"></a><a name="index-prettyprinting-Metafont-source-478"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-Metafont-479"></a> +<a name="index-mftmac_002etex-480"></a>MFT translates a Metafont program into a TeX document suitable for typesetting, with the aid of TeX macros defined in the file <samp><span class="file">mftmac.tex</span></samp>. Synopsis: @@ -2229,7 +2229,7 @@ indentation and line breaks. Each line of input is translated independently of the others. <p>Further control is allowed via Metafont comments: -<a name="index-comments_002c-MFT-control-482"></a> +<a name="index-comments_002c-MFT-control-481"></a> <ul> <li>Metafont comments following a single ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’ should be valid TeX input. But Metafont material can be included within vertical bars in a @@ -2266,27 +2266,27 @@ of such a line. <li>Five or more ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’ signs should not be used. </ul> - <p><a name="index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-483"></a>(The above description was edited from <samp><span class="file">mft.web</span></samp>, written by + <p><a name="index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-482"></a>(The above description was edited from <samp><span class="file">mft.web</span></samp>, written by D.E. Knuth<!-- /@w -->.) <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-change=</span><var>chfile</var><span class="samp">[.ch]</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dchange_003d_0040var_007bchfile_007d-484"></a><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-MFT-485"></a>Apply the change file <var>chfile</var> as with Tangle and Weave +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-change=</span><var>chfile</var><span class="samp">[.ch]</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dchange_003d_0040var_007bchfile_007d-483"></a><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-MFT-484"></a>Apply the change file <var>chfile</var> as with Tangle and Weave (see <a href="#WEB">WEB</a>). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-style=</span><var>mftfile</var><span class="samp">[.mft]</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dstyle_003d_0040var_007bmftfile_007d-486"></a><a name="index-style-files-487"></a><a name="index-plain_002emft-488"></a>Read <var>mftfile</var> before anything else; a MFT style file typically + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-style=</span><var>mftfile</var><span class="samp">[.mft]</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dstyle_003d_0040var_007bmftfile_007d-485"></a><a name="index-style-files-486"></a><a name="index-plain_002emft-487"></a>Read <var>mftfile</var> before anything else; a MFT style file typically contains only MFT directives as described above. The default style file is named <samp><span class="file">plain.mft</span></samp>, which defines this properly for programs using plain Metafont. The MFT files is searched along the <code>MFTINPUTS</code> path; see <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>. - <p><a name="index-cmbase_002emft-489"></a><a name="index-e_002emft-490"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040cite_007bComputer-Modern-Typefaces_007d_002c-production-of-491"></a>Other examples of MFT style files are <samp><span class="file">cmbase.mft</span></samp>, which defines + <p><a name="index-cmbase_002emft-488"></a><a name="index-e_002emft-489"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040cite_007bComputer-Modern-Typefaces_007d_002c-production-of-490"></a>Other examples of MFT style files are <samp><span class="file">cmbase.mft</span></samp>, which defines formatting rules for the macros defined in <samp><span class="file">cm.base</span></samp>, and <samp><span class="file">e.mft</span></samp>, which was used in the production of Knuth's Volume <!-- /@w -->E, <cite>Computer Modern Typefaces</cite>. - <p><a name="index-MetaPost-source_002c-prettyprinting-492"></a>Using an appropriate MFT style file, it is also possible to configure + <p><a name="index-MetaPost-source_002c-prettyprinting-491"></a>Using an appropriate MFT style file, it is also possible to configure MFT for typesetting MetaPost sources. However, MFT does not search the usual places for MetaPost input files. </dl> @@ -2306,7 +2306,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">6 MetaPost: Creating technical illustrations</h2> -<p><a name="index-MetaPost-493"></a><a name="index-PostScript-meets-Metafont-494"></a><a name="index-Metafont-meets-PostScript-495"></a>MetaPost is a picture-drawing language similar to Metafont +<p><a name="index-MetaPost-492"></a><a name="index-PostScript-meets-Metafont-493"></a><a name="index-Metafont-meets-PostScript-494"></a>MetaPost is a picture-drawing language similar to Metafont (see <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a>), but instead of outputting bitmaps in a “font”, it outputs PostScript commands. It's primarily intended for creating technical illustrations. @@ -2331,8 +2331,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a> <h3 class="section">6.1 <code>mpost</code> invocation</h3> -<p><a name="index-mpost-496"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-invocation-497"></a> -<a name="index-mpman_002eps-498"></a>MetaPost (installed as <code>mpost</code>) reads a series of pictures +<p><a name="index-mpost-495"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-invocation-496"></a> +<a name="index-mpman_002eps-497"></a>MetaPost (installed as <code>mpost</code>) reads a series of pictures specified in the MetaPost programming language, and outputs corresponding PostScript code. This section merely describes the options available in the Web2c implementation. For a complete @@ -2347,7 +2347,7 @@ also: related information). </ul> - <p><a name="index-mpgraph_002eps-499"></a>Also, a standard MetaPost package for drawing graphs is documented in + <p><a name="index-mpgraph_002eps-498"></a>Also, a standard MetaPost package for drawing graphs is documented in AT&T technical report CSTR-164, available as the file <samp><span class="file">mpgraph.ps</span></samp>, generally stored alongside <samp><span class="file">mpman.ps</span></samp>. @@ -2359,13 +2359,13 @@ Synopses: mpost [<var>option</var>]... \<var>first-line</var> mpost [<var>option</var>]... &<var>mem</var> <var>args</var> </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_002emp-500"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-input-files-501"></a>MetaPost searches the usual places for the main input file <var>mpname</var> + <p><a name="index-g_t_002emp-499"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-input-files-500"></a>MetaPost searches the usual places for the main input file <var>mpname</var> (see <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>), extending <var>mpname</var> with <samp><span class="file">.mp</span></samp> if necessary. To see all the relevant paths, set the environment variable <code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code> to ‘<samp><span class="samp">-1</span></samp>’ before running the program. - <p><a name="index-beginfig-502"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007d-_0040r_007bPostScript-figures_007d-503"></a><a name="index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-504"></a><a name="index-mpout-505"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-MetaPost-506"></a><a name="index-PostScript-output-507"></a>MetaPost writes its PostScript output to a series of files + <p><a name="index-beginfig-501"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007d-_0040r_007bPostScript-figures_007d-502"></a><a name="index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-503"></a><a name="index-mpout-504"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-MetaPost-505"></a><a name="index-PostScript-output-506"></a>MetaPost writes its PostScript output to a series of files <samp><var>basempname</var><span class="file">.</span><var>nnn</var></samp> (or perhaps <samp><var>basempname</var><span class="file">.ps</span></samp>, very occasionally <samp><var>basempname</var><span class="file">.tfm</span></samp>), where <var>nnn</var> are the figure numbers @@ -2380,7 +2380,7 @@ with any other PostScript figures. For example, with this TeX command: </pre> <p class="noindent">or by using <samp><span class="file">epsf.tex</span></samp> (see <a href="dvips.html#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a>). - <p><a name="index-btex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-508"></a><a name="index-etex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-509"></a>The MetaPost construct + <p><a name="index-btex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-507"></a><a name="index-etex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-508"></a>The MetaPost construct <pre class="example"> btex ... <var>tex-input</var> ... etex </pre> <p class="noindent">generates a MetaPost picture expression corresponding to @@ -2402,12 +2402,12 @@ package (unfortunately absent from many Troff implementations), or an equivalent such as the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-m pspic</span></samp>’ macros from GNU groff described in grops(1). - <p><a name="index-PostScript-fonts_002c-and-Troff-510"></a><a name="index-Troff_002c-and-MetaPost-511"></a><a name="index-Computer-Modern-fonts_002c-and-Troff-512"></a>Naturally, you must use fonts that are supported by the typesetter; + <p><a name="index-PostScript-fonts_002c-and-Troff-509"></a><a name="index-Troff_002c-and-MetaPost-510"></a><a name="index-Computer-Modern-fonts_002c-and-Troff-511"></a>Naturally, you must use fonts that are supported by the typesetter; specifically, you'll probably want to use standard PostScript fonts with Troff. And only the TeX system understands Computer Modern or other Metafont fonts; you can also use PostScript fonts with TeX, of course. - <p><a name="index-mproof_002etex-513"></a><a name="index-downloading-of-fonts-for-MetaPost-labels-514"></a><a name="index-font-downloading-for-MetaPost-labels-515"></a>MetaPost-generated PostScript figures which do use Computer Modern fonts + <p><a name="index-mproof_002etex-512"></a><a name="index-downloading-of-fonts-for-MetaPost-labels-513"></a><a name="index-font-downloading-for-MetaPost-labels-514"></a>MetaPost-generated PostScript figures which do use Computer Modern fonts for labels cannot be directly previewed or printed. Instead, you must include them in a TeX document and run the resulting DVI file through Dvips to arrange for the downloading of the required fonts (see <a href="dvips.html#Fonts-in-figures">Fonts in figures</a>). To help with this, the MetaPost @@ -2417,20 +2417,20 @@ typically called as: </pre> <p class="noindent">The resulting file <samp><span class="file">mproof.ps</span></samp> can then be printed or previewed. - <p><a name="index-prologues_0040r_007b_002c-and-EPSF-output_007d-516"></a><a name="index-psfonts_002emap_0040r_007b_002c-read-by-MetaPost_007d-517"></a>To generate EPSF files, set the internal MetaPost variable + <p><a name="index-prologues_0040r_007b_002c-and-EPSF-output_007d-515"></a><a name="index-psfonts_002emap_0040r_007b_002c-read-by-MetaPost_007d-516"></a>To generate EPSF files, set the internal MetaPost variable <code>prologues</code> positive. To make the output files self-contained, use only standard PostScript fonts. MetaPost reads the same <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp> file as Dvips, to determine PostScript fonts that need to be downloaded (see <a href="dvips.html#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a>). - <p><a name="index-PDF_002c-and-_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-518"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-and-PDF-519"></a>It is posible for pdfTeX to read MetaPost output directly; this is + <p><a name="index-PDF_002c-and-_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-517"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-and-PDF-518"></a>It is posible for pdfTeX to read MetaPost output directly; this is in contrast to general EPSF files, which have to be converted for use with PDF output. The easiest way is to name the MetaPost output files with the <code>.mps</code> extension. Then the LaTeX <code>\includegraphics</code> command, for example, will be able to read them, even when outputting PDF. - <p><a name="index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007bwrite_007d-520"></a>MetaPost can write output files, via the <code>write</code> primitive; this + <p><a name="index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007bwrite_007d-519"></a>MetaPost can write output files, via the <code>write</code> primitive; this opens a security hole. See <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a>. <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard @@ -2439,9 +2439,9 @@ opens a security hole. See <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a>. <dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]-file-line-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-fmt=</span><var>fmtname</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-halt-on-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ini</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-interaction=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-jobname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-kpathsea-debug=</span><var>number</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]parse-first-line</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-progname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-recorder</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-translate-file=</span><var>tcxfile</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’<dd>These options are common to TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost. See <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-T</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-troff</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dT-521"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dtroff-522"></a><a name="index-prologues-523"></a>Set the <code>prologues</code> internal variable to <code>1</code>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-T</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-troff</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dT-520"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dtroff-521"></a><a name="index-prologues-522"></a>Set the <code>prologues</code> internal variable to <code>1</code>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-tex=</span><var>texprogram</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dtex_003d_0040var_007btexprogram_007d-524"></a>When this option is given, the program <var>texprogram</var> is used to + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-tex=</span><var>texprogram</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dtex_003d_0040var_007btexprogram_007d-523"></a>When this option is given, the program <var>texprogram</var> is used to typeset the labels. </dl> @@ -2457,39 +2457,21 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a> <h3 class="section">6.2 Initial MetaPost</h3> -<p><a name="index-initial-MetaPost-525"></a><a name="index-MetaPost_002c-initial-526"></a> -<a name="index-g_t_002emem-527"></a><a name="index-mem-files-528"></a><code>inimpost</code> is the “initial” form of MetaPost, which does -lengthy initializations avoided by the “virgin” (<code>vir</code>) form, -so as to be capable of dumping <samp><span class="file">.mem</span></samp> files (see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>). For a detailed comparison of virgin and initial forms, see -<a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>. In past releases, a separate program -<samp><span class="command">inimpost</span></samp> was installed for the initial form, but this is no -longer the case. +<p><a name="index-initial-MetaPost-524"></a><a name="index-MetaPost_002c-initial-525"></a> +As of MetaPost 1.504 (TeX Live 2011), MetaPost no longer dumps +<samp><span class="file">.mem</span></samp> files (see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>) and does not distinguish +virgin and initial forms (see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>). Instead, the +“initial” file name is read in its source form—that is, +<samp><span class="file">mpost.mp</span></samp> when the program is invoked as <samp><span class="command">mpost</span></samp>. <p>For a list of options and other information, see <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a>. - <p><a name="index-plain_002emem-529"></a><a name="index-mpost_002emem-530"></a><a name="index-mem-files_002c-plain-only-531"></a>The principal memory dump file used with MetaPost is the default, -<samp><span class="file">plain.mem</span></samp>, also known as <samp><span class="file">mpost.mem</span></samp> (again, see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>). It is created by default during installation, but you can -also do so by hand if necessary (e.g., if a <samp><span class="file">plain.mp</span></samp> update is -issued): -<pre class="example"> mpost -ini '\input plain dump' -</pre> - <p class="noindent">(The quotes prevent interpretation of the backslashes from the shell.) -Then install the resulting <samp><span class="file">plain.mem</span></samp> in ‘<samp><span class="samp">$(memdir)</span></samp>’ -(<samp><span class="file">/usr/local/share/texmf/web2c</span></samp> by default), and link -<samp><span class="file">mpost.mem</span></samp> to it. - - <p><a name="index-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-532"></a><a name="index-plain-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-533"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-and-plain-Metafont-compatibility-534"></a><a name="index-mfplain_002emem-535"></a>MetaPost also provides a mem file with all the features of plain -Metafont, called <samp><span class="file">mfplain.mem</span></samp>. You can create that in the same -way; just replace ‘<samp><span class="samp">plain</span></samp>’ in the above command with ‘<samp><span class="samp">mfplain</span></samp>’. -<samp><span class="file">mfplain.mem</span></samp> file lets you directly process Metafont source files -with MetaPost, producing character proofs (one file for each character) -similar to those produced with Metafont in proof mode and GFtoDVI -(see <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a>). - - <p><a name="index-metafun_002emp-536"></a><a name="index-MetaFun_002c-enhanced-MetaPost-537"></a><a name="index-Pragma-ADE-538"></a>Another MetaPost mem file, named MetaFun, provides many advanced -features. It was developed and maintained by Pragma ADE. The home -page for MetaFun, other MetaPost-related things, and lots more from -Pragma: <a href="http://www.pragma-ade.com/">http://www.pragma-ade.com/</a>. + <p><a name="index-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-526"></a><a name="index-plain-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-527"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-and-plain-Metafont-compatibility-528"></a><a name="index-mfplain-529"></a>MetaPost provides a format with all the features of plain Metafont, +called <samp><span class="file">mfplain</span></samp>. You can use that in the same way; just run +<samp><span class="command">mfplain</span></samp> instead of <samp><span class="command">mpost</span></samp>. This lets you directly +process Metafont source files with MetaPost, producing character +proofs (one file for each character) similar to those produced with +Metafont in proof mode and GFtoDVI (see <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a>). <div class="node"> <a name="dvitomp-invocation"></a> @@ -2501,7 +2483,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a> <h3 class="section">6.3 DVItoMP: DVI to MPX conversion</h3> -<p><a name="index-dvitomp-539"></a><a name="index-DVI-files_002c-converting-to-MPX-540"></a><a name="index-MPX-files_002c-converting-from-DVI-files-541"></a> +<p><a name="index-dvitomp-530"></a><a name="index-DVI-files_002c-converting-to-MPX-531"></a><a name="index-MPX-files_002c-converting-from-DVI-files-532"></a> DVItoMP converts DVI files into low-level MetaPost commands in a so-called MPX file. Synopsis: @@ -2511,7 +2493,7 @@ so-called MPX file. Synopsis: <var>dvifile</var> extended with <samp><span class="file">.mpx</span></samp>, e.g., ‘<samp><span class="samp">dvitomp /wherever/foo.dvi</span></samp>’ creates <samp><span class="file">./foo.mpx</span></samp>. - <p><a name="index-color_002c-in-DVItoMP-542"></a>DVItoMP supports Dvips-style color specials, such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">color push + <p><a name="index-color_002c-in-DVItoMP-533"></a>DVItoMP supports Dvips-style color specials, such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">color push </span><var>name</var></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">color pop</span></samp>’, outputting them as <code>withcolor</code> MetaPost commands. @@ -2528,7 +2510,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">7 BibTeX: Bibliographies</h2> -<p><a name="index-bibliographies_002c-creating-543"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-544"></a> +<p><a name="index-bibliographies_002c-creating-534"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-535"></a> BibTeX automates much of the job of typesetting bibliographies, and makes bibliography entries reusable in many different contexts. @@ -2547,8 +2529,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a> <h3 class="section">7.1 BibTeX invocation</h3> -<p><a name="index-bibtex-545"></a> -<a name="index-g_t_002ebbl-_0040r_007bbibliography-files_007d-546"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eaux-_0040r_007bcross_002dreference-files_007d-547"></a><a name="index-g_t_002ebib-_0040r_007bbibliography-databases_007d-548"></a>BibTeX creates a printable bibliography (<samp><span class="file">.bbl</span></samp>) file from +<p><a name="index-bibtex-536"></a> +<a name="index-g_t_002ebbl-_0040r_007bbibliography-files_007d-537"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eaux-_0040r_007bcross_002dreference-files_007d-538"></a><a name="index-g_t_002ebib-_0040r_007bbibliography-databases_007d-539"></a>BibTeX creates a printable bibliography (<samp><span class="file">.bbl</span></samp>) file from references in a <samp><span class="file">.aux</span></samp> file, generally written by TeX or LaTeX. The <samp><span class="file">.bbl</span></samp> file is then incorporated on a subsequent run. The basic bibliographic information comes from <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> files, @@ -2557,12 +2539,12 @@ of the <samp><span class="file">.bbl</span></samp> file. Synopsis: <pre class="example"> bibtex [<var>option</var>]... <var>auxfile</var>[.aux] </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_002eblg-_0040r_007bBib_0040TeX_007b_007d-log-file_007d-549"></a><a name="index-log-file_002c-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-550"></a>The output goes to the basename of <var>auxfile</var> extended with + <p><a name="index-g_t_002eblg-_0040r_007bBib_0040TeX_007b_007d-log-file_007d-540"></a><a name="index-log-file_002c-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-541"></a>The output goes to the basename of <var>auxfile</var> extended with <samp><span class="file">.bbl</span></samp>; for example, ‘<samp><span class="samp">bibtex /wherever/foo.aux</span></samp>’ creates <samp><span class="file">./foo.bbl</span></samp>. BibTeX also writes a log file to the basename of <var>auxfile</var> extended with ‘<samp><span class="samp">.blg</span></samp>’. - <p><a name="index-g_t_005cbibliography-551"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cbibliographystyle-552"></a><a name="index-TEXBIB_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-553"></a><a name="index-BIBINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-554"></a><a name="index-BSTINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bst-files_007d-555"></a>The names of the <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">.bst</span></samp> files are specified in the + <p><a name="index-g_t_005cbibliography-542"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cbibliographystyle-543"></a><a name="index-TEXBIB_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-544"></a><a name="index-BIBINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-545"></a><a name="index-BSTINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bst-files_007d-546"></a>The names of the <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">.bst</span></samp> files are specified in the <samp><span class="file">.aux</span></samp> file as well, via the <samp><span class="file">\bibliography</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">\bibliographystyle</span></samp> (La)TeX macros. BibTeX searches for <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> files using the <code>BIBINPUTS</code> and <code>TEXBIB</code> paths, @@ -2572,9 +2554,9 @@ and for <samp><span class="file">.bst</span></samp> files using <code>BSTINPUTS< <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-terse</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dterse-556"></a><a name="index-terse-output-557"></a><a name="index-verbose-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-output_002c-suppressing-558"></a>Suppress the program banner and progress reports normally output. +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-terse</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dterse-547"></a><a name="index-terse-output-548"></a><a name="index-verbose-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-output_002c-suppressing-549"></a>Suppress the program banner and progress reports normally output. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-min-crossrefs=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmin_002dcrossrefs_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-559"></a><a name="index-cross_002dreferenced-bibliography-items-560"></a><a name="index-bibliography-items_002c-cross_002dreferenced-561"></a>If at least <var>n</var> (2 by default) bibliography entries refer to another + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-min-crossrefs=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmin_002dcrossrefs_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-550"></a><a name="index-cross_002dreferenced-bibliography-items-551"></a><a name="index-bibliography-items_002c-cross_002dreferenced-552"></a>If at least <var>n</var> (2 by default) bibliography entries refer to another entry <var>e</var> via their <code>crossref</code> field, include <var>e</var> in the <tt>.bbl</tt> file, even if it was not explicitly referenced in the <tt>.aux</tt> file. For example, <var>e</var> might be a conference proceedings as a whole, @@ -2586,15 +2568,15 @@ large number. <p>See also: <dl> -<dt><samp><span class="file">btxdoc.tex</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxdoc_002etex-562"></a>Basic LaTeXable documentation for general BibTeX users. +<dt><samp><span class="file">btxdoc.tex</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxdoc_002etex-553"></a>Basic LaTeXable documentation for general BibTeX users. - <br><dt><samp><span class="file">btxhak.tex</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxhak_002etex-563"></a><a name="index-style-design_002c-for-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-564"></a>LaTeXable documentation for style designers. + <br><dt><samp><span class="file">btxhak.tex</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxhak_002etex-554"></a><a name="index-style-design_002c-for-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-555"></a>LaTeXable documentation for style designers. - <br><dt><samp><span class="file">btxdoc.bib</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxdoc_002ebib-565"></a>BibTeX database file for the two above documents. + <br><dt><samp><span class="file">btxdoc.bib</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxdoc_002ebib-556"></a>BibTeX database file for the two above documents. - <br><dt><samp><span class="file">xampl.bib</span></samp><dd><a name="index-xampl_002ebib-566"></a>Example database file with all the standard entry types. + <br><dt><samp><span class="file">xampl.bib</span></samp><dd><a name="index-xampl_002ebib-557"></a>Example database file with all the standard entry types. - <br><dt><samp><span class="file"><a href="ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/">ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/</a></span></samp><dd><a name="index-ftp_002emath_002eutah_002eedu-567"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-collection-568"></a><a name="index-TUGboat-bibliography-569"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-bibliographies-for-570"></a>A very large <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">.bst</span></samp> collection, including + <br><dt><samp><span class="file"><a href="ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/">ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/</a></span></samp><dd><a name="index-ftp_002emath_002eutah_002eedu-558"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-collection-559"></a><a name="index-TUGboat-bibliography-560"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-bibliographies-for-561"></a>A very large <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">.bst</span></samp> collection, including references for all the standard TeX books and a complete bibliography for TUGboat. </dl> @@ -2609,34 +2591,34 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a> <h3 class="section">7.2 Basic BibTeX style files</h3> -<p><a name="index-basic-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-571"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-572"></a> +<p><a name="index-basic-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-562"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-563"></a> Here are descriptions of the four standard and four semi-standard basic BibTeX styles. <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/biblio/bibtex</span></samp> contains these and many more (for CTAN info, see <a href="kpathsea.html#unixtex_002eftp">unixtex.ftp</a>). <dl> -<dt><code>plain</code><dd><a name="index-plain_002ebst-573"></a>Sorts entries alphabetically, with numeric labels. Generally formatted +<dt><code>plain</code><dd><a name="index-plain_002ebst-564"></a>Sorts entries alphabetically, with numeric labels. Generally formatted according to van Leunen's <cite>A Handbook for Scholars</cite>. The other style files listed here are based on <code>plain</code>. - <br><dt><code>abbrv</code><dd><a name="index-abbrv_002ebst-574"></a>First names, month names, and journal names are abbreviated. + <br><dt><code>abbrv</code><dd><a name="index-abbrv_002ebst-565"></a>First names, month names, and journal names are abbreviated. - <br><dt><code>acm</code><dd><a name="index-acm_002ebst-575"></a>Names are printed in small caps. + <br><dt><code>acm</code><dd><a name="index-acm_002ebst-566"></a>Names are printed in small caps. - <br><dt><code>alpha</code><dd><a name="index-alpha_002ebst-576"></a>Alphanumeric labels, e.g., ‘<samp><span class="samp">Knu66</span></samp>’. + <br><dt><code>alpha</code><dd><a name="index-alpha_002ebst-567"></a>Alphanumeric labels, e.g., ‘<samp><span class="samp">Knu66</span></samp>’. - <br><dt><code>apalike</code><dd><a name="index-apalike_002ebst-577"></a>No labels at all; instead, the year appears in parentheses after the author. + <br><dt><code>apalike</code><dd><a name="index-apalike_002ebst-568"></a>No labels at all; instead, the year appears in parentheses after the author. Use this in conjunction with <samp><span class="file">apalike.tex</span></samp> (plain TeX) or <samp><span class="file">apalike.sty</span></samp> (LaTeX), which also changes the citations in the text to be ‘<samp><span class="samp">(</span><var>author</var><span class="samp">, </span><var>year</var><span class="samp">)</span></samp>’. - <br><dt><code>ieeetr</code><dd><a name="index-ieeetr_002ebst-578"></a>Numeric labels, entries in citation order, <span class="sc">ieee</span> abbreviations, + <br><dt><code>ieeetr</code><dd><a name="index-ieeetr_002ebst-569"></a>Numeric labels, entries in citation order, <span class="sc">ieee</span> abbreviations, article titles in quotes. - <br><dt><code>siam</code><dd><a name="index-siam_002ebst-579"></a>Numeric labels, alphabetic order, <cite>Math. Reviews</cite> + <br><dt><code>siam</code><dd><a name="index-siam_002ebst-570"></a>Numeric labels, alphabetic order, <cite>Math. Reviews</cite> abbreviations, names in small caps. - <br><dt><code>unsrt</code><dd><a name="index-unsrt_002ebst-580"></a>Lists entries in citation order, i.e., unsorted. + <br><dt><code>unsrt</code><dd><a name="index-unsrt_002ebst-571"></a>Lists entries in citation order, i.e., unsorted. <br><dt><code>btxbst.doc</code><dd>The template file and documentation for the standard styles. @@ -2653,7 +2635,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">8 WEB: Literate programming</h2> -<p><a name="index-WEB-581"></a><a name="index-literate-programming-582"></a> +<p><a name="index-WEB-572"></a><a name="index-literate-programming-573"></a> <dfn>WEB</dfn> languages allow you to write a single source file that can produce both a compilable program and a well-formatted document describing the program in as much detail as you wish to prepare. @@ -2661,7 +2643,7 @@ Writing in this kind of dual-purpose language is called <dfn>literate programming</dfn>. (The Usenet newsgroup <samp><span class="file">comp.programming.literate</span></samp> is devoted to this subject.) - <p><a name="index-webman_002etex-583"></a><a name="index-Spiderweb-584"></a><a name="index-Cweb-585"></a><a name="index-CWEB-586"></a><a name="index-Awk_002c-WEB-for-587"></a><a name="index-Ada_002c-WEB-for-588"></a><a name="index-Troff_002c-WEB-for-589"></a>WEB-like languages have been implemented with many pairs of base + <p><a name="index-webman_002etex-574"></a><a name="index-Spiderweb-575"></a><a name="index-Cweb-576"></a><a name="index-CWEB-577"></a><a name="index-Awk_002c-WEB-for-578"></a><a name="index-Ada_002c-WEB-for-579"></a><a name="index-Troff_002c-WEB-for-580"></a>WEB-like languages have been implemented with many pairs of base languages: Cweb provides C and Troff (see <a href="#References">References</a>); CWEB provides C and TeX (<samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/web/c_cpp/cweb</span></samp>); Spiderweb provides C, C++, Awk, Ada, many others, and TeX @@ -2690,18 +2672,18 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#WEB">WEB</a> <h3 class="section">8.1 Tangle: Translate WEB to Pascal</h3> -<p><a name="index-tangle-590"></a><a name="index-Pascal_002c-creating-from-WEB-591"></a><a name="index-WEB-programs_002c-compiling-592"></a> +<p><a name="index-tangle-581"></a><a name="index-Pascal_002c-creating-from-WEB-582"></a><a name="index-WEB-programs_002c-compiling-583"></a> Tangle creates a compilable Pascal program from a WEB source file (see <a href="#WEB">WEB</a>). Synopsis: <pre class="example"> tangle [<var>option</var>]... <var>webfile</var>[.web] [<var>changefile</var>[.ch]] </pre> - <p><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-Tangle-593"></a>The Pascal output is written to the basename of <var>webfile</var> extended + <p><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-Tangle-584"></a>The Pascal output is written to the basename of <var>webfile</var> extended with ‘<samp><span class="samp">.p</span></samp>’; for example, ‘<samp><span class="samp">tangle /wherever/foo.web</span></samp>’ creates <samp><span class="file">./foo.p</span></samp>. Tangle applies <var>changefile</var> to <var>webfile</var> before writing the output; by default, there is no change file. - <p><a name="index-pool-file_002c-writing-594"></a><a name="index-string-pool_002c-writing-595"></a>If the program makes use of the WEB string facility, Tangle writes the + <p><a name="index-pool-file_002c-writing-585"></a><a name="index-string-pool_002c-writing-586"></a>If the program makes use of the WEB string facility, Tangle writes the string pool to the basename of <var>webfile</var> extended with ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pool</span></samp>’. <p>The Pascal output is packed into lines of 72 characters or less, with @@ -2712,20 +2694,20 @@ semicolons when this can be done conveniently. ‘<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">--version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-length=</span><var>number</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dlength_003d_0040var_007bnumber_007d-596"></a><a name="index-identifier-length-597"></a>The number of characters that are considered significant in an +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-length=</span><var>number</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dlength_003d_0040var_007bnumber_007d-587"></a><a name="index-identifier-length-588"></a>The number of characters that are considered significant in an identifier. Whether underline characters are counted depends on the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-underline</span></samp>’ option. The default value is 32, the original tangle used 7, but this proved too restrictive for use by Web2c. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-lowercase</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mixedcase</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-uppercase</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dlowercase-598"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dmixedcase-599"></a><a name="index-g_t_002duppercase-600"></a><a name="index-identifier-case-601"></a>These options specify the case of identifiers in the output of tangle. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-lowercase</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mixedcase</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-uppercase</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dlowercase-589"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dmixedcase-590"></a><a name="index-g_t_002duppercase-591"></a><a name="index-identifier-case-592"></a>These options specify the case of identifiers in the output of tangle. If ‘<samp><span class="samp">-uppercase</span></samp>’ (‘<samp><span class="samp">-lowercase</span></samp>’) is specified, tangle will convert all identfiers to uppercase (lowercase). The default is ‘<samp><span class="samp">-mixedcase</span></samp>’, which specifies that the case will not be changed. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-underline</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dunderline-602"></a><a name="index-identifiers-with-underlines-603"></a>When this option is given, tangle does not strip underline characters + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-underline</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dunderline-593"></a><a name="index-identifiers-with-underlines-594"></a>When this option is given, tangle does not strip underline characters from identifiers. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-loose</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-strict</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dloose-604"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dstrict-605"></a><a name="index-identifier-collisions-606"></a>These options specify how strict tangle must be when checking + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-loose</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-strict</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dloose-595"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dstrict-596"></a><a name="index-identifier-collisions-597"></a>These options specify how strict tangle must be when checking identifiers for equality. The default is ‘<samp><span class="samp">-loose</span></samp>’, which means that tangle will follow the rules set by the case-smashing and underline options above. If ‘<samp><span class="samp">-strict</span></samp>’ is set, then identifiers will always @@ -2745,7 +2727,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#WEB">WEB</a> <h3 class="section">8.2 Weave: Translate WEB to TeX</h3> -<p><a name="index-weave-607"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-WEB-608"></a><a name="index-WEB-programs_002c-typesetting-609"></a><a name="index-prettyprinting-WEB-programs-610"></a> +<p><a name="index-weave-598"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-WEB-599"></a><a name="index-WEB-programs_002c-typesetting-600"></a><a name="index-prettyprinting-WEB-programs-601"></a> Weave creates a TeX document from a WEB source file (see <a href="#WEB">WEB</a>), assuming various macros defined in <samp><span class="file">webmac.tex</span></samp>. It takes care of typographic details such as page layout, indentation, and italicizing @@ -2754,7 +2736,7 @@ cross-reference information. Synopsis: <pre class="example"> weave [<var>option</var>]... <var>webfile</var>[.web] [<var>changefile</var>[.ch]] </pre> - <p><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-Weave-611"></a>The output is to the basename of <var>webfile</var> extended with + <p><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-Weave-602"></a>The output is to the basename of <var>webfile</var> extended with ‘<samp><span class="samp">.tex</span></samp>’; for example, ‘<samp><span class="samp">weave /wherever/foo.web</span></samp>’ creates <samp><span class="file">./foo.tex</span></samp>. Weave applies <var>changefile</var> to <var>webfile</var> before writing the output; by default, there is no change file. @@ -2762,7 +2744,7 @@ before writing the output; by default, there is no change file. <p>The program accepts the following option, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-verbose</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dx-612"></a><a name="index-cross_002dreferences_002c-omitting-613"></a><a name="index-CONTENTS_002etex-614"></a><a name="index-webmac_002etex-615"></a>Omit the cross-reference information: the index, the list of WEB module +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dx-603"></a><a name="index-cross_002dreferences_002c-omitting-604"></a><a name="index-CONTENTS_002etex-605"></a><a name="index-webmac_002etex-606"></a>Omit the cross-reference information: the index, the list of WEB module names, and the table of contents (an empty <samp><span class="file">CONTENTS.tex</span></samp> file will still be written when the Weave output file is processed by TeX using the default <samp><span class="file">webmac.tex</span></samp>, though). @@ -2783,7 +2765,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#WEB">WEB</a> <h3 class="section">8.3 Pooltype: Display WEB pool files</h3> -<p><a name="index-pooltype-616"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-pool-617"></a><a name="index-string-numbers_002c-displaying-618"></a><a name="index-WEB-pool-files_002c-displaying-619"></a> +<p><a name="index-pooltype-607"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-pool-608"></a><a name="index-string-numbers_002c-displaying-609"></a><a name="index-WEB-pool-files_002c-displaying-610"></a> Pooltype shows the so-called <dfn>string number</dfn> of each string in a WEB pool file (see <a href="#WEB">WEB</a>), as output by Tangle (see <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a>), including the first 256 strings corresponding to the possible input characters. Pooltype primarily serves as an example of @@ -2806,7 +2788,7 @@ output. 1314: "Using character substitution: " (23617 characters in all.) </pre> - <p><a name="index-representation-of-strings-620"></a><a name="index-string-representation-621"></a>In Metafont and MetaPost, the first 256 characters are actually + <p><a name="index-representation-of-strings-611"></a><a name="index-string-representation-612"></a>In Metafont and MetaPost, the first 256 characters are actually represented as single bytes (i.e., themselves), not in the ‘<samp><span class="samp">^^</span></samp>’ notation. Consider Pooltype as showing the results after conversion for output. @@ -2822,7 +2804,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">9 DVI utilities</h2> -<p><a name="index-DVI-utilities-622"></a> +<p><a name="index-DVI-utilities-613"></a> TeX outputs a file in <dfn>DVI</dfn> (DeVice Independent) format as a compact representation of the original document. DVI files can be translated to meet the requirements of a real physical device, such as @@ -2831,7 +2813,7 @@ printers (see dvilj(1)), and X displays (see xdvi(1)). In fact, DVI translators are available for virtually all common devices: see <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/dviware</span></samp> (for CTAN info, see <a href="kpathsea.html#unixtex_002eftp">unixtex.ftp</a>). - <p><a name="index-dvitype_002eweb-623"></a><a name="index-DVI-format-definition-624"></a>For the precise definition of the DVI file format, see (for example) the + <p><a name="index-dvitype_002eweb-614"></a><a name="index-DVI-format-definition-615"></a>For the precise definition of the DVI file format, see (for example) the source file <samp><span class="file">web2c/dvitype.web</span></samp>. <p>The DVI-processing programs in the Web2c distribution are not device @@ -2852,7 +2834,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a> <h3 class="section">9.1 DVIcopy: Canonicalize virtual font references</h3> -<p><a name="index-dvicopy-625"></a><a name="index-virtual-fonts_002c-expanding-626"></a> +<p><a name="index-dvicopy-616"></a><a name="index-virtual-fonts_002c-expanding-617"></a> DVIcopy reads a DVI file, expands any references to virtual fonts (see <a href="dvips.html#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a>) to base fonts, and writes the resulting DVI file. Thus you can use virtual fonts even if your DVI @@ -2867,13 +2849,13 @@ standard output if <var>outdvi</var> is not specified. <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-magnification=</span><var>integer</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-627"></a><a name="index-magnification-628"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cmag-629"></a>Override existing magnification in <var>indvi</var> with <var>integer</var>; 1000 +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-magnification=</span><var>integer</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-618"></a><a name="index-magnification-619"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cmag-620"></a>Override existing magnification in <var>indvi</var> with <var>integer</var>; 1000 specifies no magnification. This is equivalent to setting TeX's <code>\mag</code> parameter. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-max-pages=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-630"></a>Process <var>n</var> pages; default is one million. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-max-pages=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-621"></a>Process <var>n</var> pages; default is one million. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-page-start=</span><var>page-spec</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-631"></a><a name="index-starting-page-632"></a><a name="index-page_002c-starting-633"></a><a name="index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-634"></a>Start at the first page matching <var>page-spec</var>, which is one or more + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-page-start=</span><var>page-spec</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-622"></a><a name="index-starting-page-623"></a><a name="index-page_002c-starting-624"></a><a name="index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-625"></a>Start at the first page matching <var>page-spec</var>, which is one or more (signed) integers separated by periods, corresponding to TeX's <code>\count0...9</code> parameters at <code>\shipout</code> time; ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’ matches anything. Examples: ‘<samp><span class="samp">3</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">1.*.-4</span></samp>’. @@ -2889,7 +2871,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a> <h3 class="section">9.2 DVItype: Plain text transliteration of DVI files</h3> -<p><a name="index-dvitype-_0040r_007bDVI-validation_007d-635"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-DVI-to-plain-text-636"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-637"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-638"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-DVI-639"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-DVI-files-640"></a> +<p><a name="index-dvitype-_0040r_007bDVI-validation_007d-626"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-DVI-to-plain-text-627"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-628"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-629"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-DVI-630"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-DVI-files-631"></a> DVItype translates a DeVice Independent (DVI) file (as output by TeX, for example) to a plain text file that humans can read. It also serves as a DVI-validating program, i.e., if DVItype can read a file, it's @@ -2908,16 +2890,16 @@ relevant paths, set the environment variable <code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code> to <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-dpi=</span><var>real</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ddpi_003d_0040var_007breal_007d-641"></a>Do pixel movement calculations at <var>real</var> pixels per inch; default +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-dpi=</span><var>real</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ddpi_003d_0040var_007breal_007d-632"></a>Do pixel movement calculations at <var>real</var> pixels per inch; default 300.0. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-magnification=</span><var>integer</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-642"></a><a name="index-magnification-643"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cmag-644"></a>Override existing magnification in <var>indvi</var> with <var>integer</var>; 1000 + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-magnification=</span><var>integer</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-633"></a><a name="index-magnification-634"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cmag-635"></a>Override existing magnification in <var>indvi</var> with <var>integer</var>; 1000 specifies no magnification. This is equivalent to setting TeX's <code>\mag</code> parameter. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-max-pages=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-645"></a>Process <var>n</var> pages; default is one million. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-max-pages=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-636"></a>Process <var>n</var> pages; default is one million. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-level=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doutput_002dlevel_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-646"></a>Verbosity level of output, from 0 to 4 (default 4): + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-level=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doutput_002dlevel_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-637"></a>Verbosity level of output, from 0 to 4 (default 4): <ul> <li>0: Global document information only. <li>1: Most DVI commands included, and typeset characters summarized. @@ -2927,12 +2909,12 @@ specifies no magnification. This is equivalent to setting TeX's in the file, reading the DVI postamble first. </ul> - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-page-start=</span><var>page-spec</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-647"></a><a name="index-starting-page-648"></a><a name="index-page_002c-starting-649"></a><a name="index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-650"></a>Start at the first page matching <var>page-spec</var>, which is one or more + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-page-start=</span><var>page-spec</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-638"></a><a name="index-starting-page-639"></a><a name="index-page_002c-starting-640"></a><a name="index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-641"></a>Start at the first page matching <var>page-spec</var>, which is one or more (signed) integers separated by periods, corresponding to TeX's <code>\count0...9</code> parameters at <code>\shipout</code> time; ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’ matches anything. Examples: ‘<samp><span class="samp">1</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">5.*.-9</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-show-opcodes</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshow_002dopcodes-651"></a><a name="index-opcodes_002c-showing-DVI-652"></a><a name="index-DVI-opcodes_002c-showing-653"></a><a name="index-debugging-DVI-utilities-654"></a>Show numeric opcode values (in decimal) for DVI commands, in braces + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-show-opcodes</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshow_002dopcodes-642"></a><a name="index-opcodes_002c-showing-DVI-643"></a><a name="index-DVI-opcodes_002c-showing-644"></a><a name="index-debugging-DVI-utilities-645"></a>Show numeric opcode values (in decimal) for DVI commands, in braces after the command name. This can help in debugging DVI utilities. We use decimal because in the DVI format documentation (in <samp><span class="file">dvitype.web</span></samp>, among others) the opcodes are shown in decimal. @@ -2951,7 +2933,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation <h4 class="subsection">9.2.1 DVItype output example</h4> -<p><a name="index-dvitype-output-example-655"></a>As an example of the output from DVItype (see section above), here is +<p><a name="index-dvitype-output-example-646"></a>As an example of the output from DVItype (see section above), here is its (abridged) translation of the <samp><span class="file">story.dvi</span></samp> resulting from running the example in <cite>The TeXbook</cite>, with ‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-level=4</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-show-opcodes</span></samp>’ on. @@ -3038,13 +3020,13 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">10 Font utilities</h2> -<p><a name="index-font-utilities-656"></a> +<p><a name="index-font-utilities-647"></a> The Web2c programs described here convert between various TeX-related font formats; the first section below briefly describes the formats. GFtoPK is the only one that is routinely used, as Metafont outputs GF format, but it's most efficient for device drivers to use PK. - <p><a name="index-pktype_002eweb-657"></a><a name="index-gftype_002eweb-658"></a><a name="index-PK-format-definition-659"></a><a name="index-GF-format-definition-660"></a>The precise definitions of the PK, GF, TFM, PL, VF, and VPL formats + <p><a name="index-pktype_002eweb-648"></a><a name="index-gftype_002eweb-649"></a><a name="index-PK-format-definition-650"></a><a name="index-GF-format-definition-651"></a>The precise definitions of the PK, GF, TFM, PL, VF, and VPL formats mentioned below are in the source files that read them; <samp><span class="file">pktype.web</span></samp>, <samp><span class="file">gftype.web</span></samp>, <samp><span class="file">tftopl.web</span></samp>, etc. @@ -3071,7 +3053,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.1 Font file formats</h3> -<p><a name="index-font-file-formats-661"></a><a name="index-file-formats-for-fonts-662"></a> +<p><a name="index-font-file-formats-652"></a><a name="index-file-formats-for-fonts-653"></a> (For another perspective on this, see <a href="dvips.html#Font-concepts">Font concepts</a>). <p>Font files come in several varieties, with suffixes like: @@ -3079,7 +3061,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> </pre> <p class="noindent">Each represents a file format. - <p><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-explained-663"></a>A TFM (TeX font metric) file is a compact binary file that contains + <p><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-explained-654"></a>A TFM (TeX font metric) file is a compact binary file that contains information about each character in a font, about combinations of characters within that font, and about the font as a whole. The font metric information contained in TFM files is device-independent units is @@ -3088,7 +3070,7 @@ described below, TFM font files contain no information about the shapes of characters. They describe rectangular areas and combinations thereof, but not what will eventually be printed in those areas. - <p><a name="index-scaling-of-fonts-664"></a><a name="index-optical-font-scaling-665"></a><a name="index-geometric-font-scaling-666"></a><a name="index-PostScript_002c-and-font-scaling-667"></a>Since TeX does scaling calculations, one TFM file serves for all + <p><a name="index-scaling-of-fonts-655"></a><a name="index-optical-font-scaling-656"></a><a name="index-geometric-font-scaling-657"></a><a name="index-PostScript_002c-and-font-scaling-658"></a>Since TeX does scaling calculations, one TFM file serves for all magnifications of a given typeface. On the other hand, the best printed results are obtained when magnified (or reduced fonts) are not produced geometrically (as done by PostScript, for example) but rather optically, @@ -3096,7 +3078,7 @@ with each size a separate design (as done with Computer Modern and the EC fonts, for example); then a separate TFM file is needed for each size. - <p><a name="index-DVI-files_002c-explained-668"></a>At any rate, TeX produces a DVI (DeVice Independent) file from your + <p><a name="index-DVI-files_002c-explained-659"></a>At any rate, TeX produces a DVI (DeVice Independent) file from your source document. In order to print DVI files on real devices, you need font files defining digitized character shapes and other data. Then previewers and printer-driver programs can translate your DVI files into @@ -3107,14 +3089,14 @@ font was produced, and the ‘<samp><span class="samp">pk</span></samp>&rsqu indicates the font format. Outline fonts in PostScript Type 1 format have suffixes such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pfa</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pfb</span></samp>’. - <p><a name="index-PXL-files_002c-explained-669"></a><a name="index-PK-files_002c-explained-670"></a><a name="index-GF-files_002c-explained-671"></a>Fonts in pk (packed) format are in the tightly packed raster format that + <p><a name="index-PXL-files_002c-explained-660"></a><a name="index-PK-files_002c-explained-661"></a><a name="index-GF-files_002c-explained-662"></a>Fonts in pk (packed) format are in the tightly packed raster format that is pretty much the standard today. They take up less space than fonts in the gf (generic font) format that Metafont generates, and far less space than fonts in pxl format. Fonts in pxl format take up gross amounts of disk space and permit only 128 characters. They are obsolete. - <p><a name="index-PL-files_002c-explained-672"></a>Font files with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pl</span></samp>’ (property list) suffix are the plain text + <p><a name="index-PL-files_002c-explained-663"></a>Font files with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pl</span></samp>’ (property list) suffix are the plain text (human-readable) analog of the binary ‘<samp><span class="samp">.tfm</span></samp>’ files. The TFtoPL and PLtoTF programs convert between the two formats (see <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a> and <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a>). @@ -3124,13 +3106,13 @@ These are the files used by Metafont to generate rastered fonts for specific typefaces at specific magnifications for the specific resolution and type of mapping used by your device. - <p><a name="index-virtual_002dfonts_002eknuth-673"></a><a name="index-virtualfonts_002etxt-674"></a>The suffix ‘<samp><span class="samp">.vf</span></samp>’ identifies “virtual font” files, for which + <p><a name="index-virtual_002dfonts_002eknuth-664"></a><a name="index-virtualfonts_002etxt-665"></a>The suffix ‘<samp><span class="samp">.vf</span></samp>’ identifies “virtual font” files, for which ‘<samp><span class="samp">.vpl</span></samp>’ is the human-readable analog. See See <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a>, and <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a>. For further discussion of virtual fonts, see <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/doc/virtual-fonts.knuth</span></samp>, <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/help/virtualfonts.txt</span></samp>, and <a href="dvips.html#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a>. - <p><a name="index-MacKay_002c-Pierre-675"></a><a name="index-Tachikawa_002c-Elizabeth-676"></a>(This section is based on documentation in the original Unix TeX + <p><a name="index-MacKay_002c-Pierre-666"></a><a name="index-Tachikawa_002c-Elizabeth-667"></a>(This section is based on documentation in the original Unix TeX distribution by Pierre MacKay and Elizabeth Tachikawa.) <div class="node"> @@ -3144,7 +3126,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.2 GFtoPK: Generic to packed font conversion</h3> -<p><a name="index-gftopk-677"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-GF-to-PK-678"></a><a name="index-PK_002c-converting-GF-to-679"></a><a name="index-GF_002c-converting-to-PK-680"></a> +<p><a name="index-gftopk-668"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-GF-to-PK-669"></a><a name="index-PK_002c-converting-GF-to-670"></a><a name="index-GF_002c-converting-to-PK-671"></a> GFtoPK converts a generic font (GF) file output by, for example, Metafont (see <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a>) to a packed font (PK) file. PK files are considerably smaller than the corresponding gf files, so they are @@ -3180,7 +3162,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.3 PKtoGF: Packed to generic font conversion</h3> -<p><a name="index-pktogf-681"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-PK-to-GF-682"></a><a name="index-GF_002c-converting-PK-to-683"></a><a name="index-PK_002c-converting-to-GF-684"></a> +<p><a name="index-pktogf-672"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-PK-to-GF-673"></a><a name="index-GF_002c-converting-PK-to-674"></a><a name="index-PK_002c-converting-to-GF-675"></a> PKtoGF converts a packed font (PK) file to a generic font (GF) file. Since PK format is much more compact than GF format, the most likely reason to do this is to run GFtype (see <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a>) on the @@ -3215,7 +3197,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.4 PKtype: Plain text transliteration of packed fonts</h3> -<p><a name="index-pktype-_0040r_007bPK-validation_007d-685"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-PK-to-plain-text-686"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-PK-to-687"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-PK-to-688"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-PK-689"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-PK-files-690"></a> +<p><a name="index-pktype-_0040r_007bPK-validation_007d-676"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-PK-to-plain-text-677"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-PK-to-678"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-PK-to-679"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-PK-680"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-PK-files-681"></a> PKtype translates a packed font (PK) bitmap file (as output by GFtoPK, for example) to a plain text file that humans can read. It also serves as a PK-validating program, i.e., if PKtype can read a file, it's @@ -3251,23 +3233,23 @@ letter `K' in ‘<samp><span class="samp">cmr10</span></samp>’, as ren <p class="noindent">Explanation: <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">955</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-byte-position-691"></a>The byte position in the file where this character starts. +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">955</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-byte-position-682"></a>The byte position in the file where this character starts. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Flag byte</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Dynamic packing variable</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-flag-byte-692"></a><a name="index-dynamic-packing-variable-693"></a>Related to the packing for this character; see the source code. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Flag byte</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Dynamic packing variable</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-flag-byte-683"></a><a name="index-dynamic-packing-variable-684"></a>Related to the packing for this character; see the source code. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Character</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-PKtype-output-694"></a>The character code, in decimal. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Character</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-PKtype-output-685"></a>The character code, in decimal. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Packet length</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-packet-length-695"></a>The total length of this character definition, in bytes. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Packet length</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-packet-length-686"></a>The total length of this character definition, in bytes. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">TFM width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-TFM-width-of-characters-696"></a><a name="index-device_002dindependent-width-697"></a><a name="index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-698"></a>The device-independent (TFM) width of this character. It is 2^24 + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">TFM width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-TFM-width-of-characters-687"></a><a name="index-device_002dindependent-width-688"></a><a name="index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-689"></a>The device-independent (TFM) width of this character. It is 2^24 times the ratio of the true width to the font's design size. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">dx</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-horizontal-escapement-699"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-horizontal-700"></a><a name="index-scaled-pixels-701"></a><a name="index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-702"></a>The device-dependent width, in <dfn>scaled pixels</dfn>, i.e., units of + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">dx</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-horizontal-escapement-690"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-horizontal-691"></a><a name="index-scaled-pixels-692"></a><a name="index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-693"></a>The device-dependent width, in <dfn>scaled pixels</dfn>, i.e., units of horizontal pixels times 2^16. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Height</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-height_002c-in-pixels-703"></a><a name="index-pixel-height-704"></a><a name="index-pixel-width-705"></a><a name="index-width_002c-in-pixels-706"></a>The bitmap height and width, in pixels. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Height</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-height_002c-in-pixels-694"></a><a name="index-pixel-height-695"></a><a name="index-pixel-width-696"></a><a name="index-width_002c-in-pixels-697"></a>The bitmap height and width, in pixels. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">X-offset</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Y-offset</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-x-offset-707"></a><a name="index-y-offset-708"></a><a name="index-origin-709"></a><a name="index-reference-pixel-710"></a><a name="index-side-bearings-711"></a><a name="index-left-side-bearing-712"></a><a name="index-right-side-bearing-713"></a>Horizontal and vertical offset from the upper left pixel to the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">X-offset</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Y-offset</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-x-offset-698"></a><a name="index-y-offset-699"></a><a name="index-origin-700"></a><a name="index-reference-pixel-701"></a><a name="index-side-bearings-702"></a><a name="index-left-side-bearing-703"></a><a name="index-right-side-bearing-704"></a>Horizontal and vertical offset from the upper left pixel to the reference (origin) pixel for this character, in pixels (right and down are positive). The <dfn>reference pixel</dfn> is the pixel that occupies the unit square in Metafont; the Metafont reference point is the lower left @@ -3275,7 +3257,7 @@ hand corner of this pixel. Put another way, the x-offset is the negative of the left side bearing; the right side bearing is the horizontal escapement minus the bitmap width plus the x-offset. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">[2]23(16)...</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-714"></a><a name="index-repeated-rows-715"></a>Finally, run lengths of black pixels alternate with parenthesized run + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">[2]23(16)...</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-705"></a><a name="index-repeated-rows-706"></a>Finally, run lengths of black pixels alternate with parenthesized run lengths of white pixels, and brackets indicate a repeated row. </dl> @@ -3290,7 +3272,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.5 GFtype: Plain text transliteration of generic fonts</h3> -<p><a name="index-gftype-_0040r_007bGF-validation_007d-716"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-GF-to-plain-text-717"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-GF-to-718"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-GF-to-719"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-GF-720"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-GF-files-721"></a> +<p><a name="index-gftype-_0040r_007bGF-validation_007d-707"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-GF-to-plain-text-708"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-GF-to-709"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-GF-to-710"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-GF-711"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-GF-files-712"></a> GFtype translates a generic font (GF) bitmap file (as output by Metafont, for example) to a plain text file that humans can read. It also serves as a GF-validating program, i.e., if GFtype can read a file, @@ -3310,9 +3292,9 @@ not an extension; no ‘<samp><span class="samp">.</span></samp>’ prec <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-images</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dimages-722"></a>Show the characters' bitmaps using asterisks and spaces. +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-images</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dimages-713"></a>Show the characters' bitmaps using asterisks and spaces. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mnemonics</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmnemonics-723"></a>Translate all commands in the GF file. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mnemonics</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmnemonics-714"></a>Translate all commands in the GF file. </dl> <p>As an example of the output, here is the (abrdiged) translation of the @@ -3359,22 +3341,22 @@ main definition: <p class="noindent">Explanation: <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">2033</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">2043</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-byte-position-724"></a>The byte position in the file where each GF command starts. +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">2033</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">2043</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-byte-position-715"></a>The byte position in the file where each GF command starts. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">beginning of char 75</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-GFtype-output-725"></a>The character code, in decimal. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">beginning of char 75</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-GFtype-output-716"></a>The character code, in decimal. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">3<=m<=60 0<=n<=56</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-left-side-bearing-726"></a><a name="index-right-side-bearing-727"></a><a name="index-side-bearings-728"></a>The character's bitmap lies between 3 and 60 (inclusive) horizontally, + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">3<=m<=60 0<=n<=56</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-left-side-bearing-717"></a><a name="index-right-side-bearing-718"></a><a name="index-side-bearings-719"></a>The character's bitmap lies between 3 and 60 (inclusive) horizontally, and between 0 and 56 (inclusive) vertically. (m is a column position and n is a row position.) Thus, 3 is the left side bearing. The right side bearing is the horizontal escapement (given below) minus the maximum m. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">(initially n=56) paint (0)24(12)20</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-729"></a>The first row of pixels: 0 white pixels, 24 black pixels, 12 white + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">(initially n=56) paint (0)24(12)20</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-720"></a>The first row of pixels: 0 white pixels, 24 black pixels, 12 white pixels, etc. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">newrow 0 (n=55) paint 24(12)20</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-newrow-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-730"></a>The second row of pixels, with zero leading white pixels on the row. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">newrow 0 (n=55) paint 24(12)20</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-newrow-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-721"></a>The second row of pixels, with zero leading white pixels on the row. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">eoc</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-eoc-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-731"></a>The end of the main character definition. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">eoc</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-eoc-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-722"></a>The end of the main character definition. </dl> @@ -3385,12 +3367,12 @@ pixels, etc. <p>Explanation: <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">dx</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-horizontal-escapement-732"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-horizontal-733"></a><a name="index-vertical-escapement-734"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-vertical-735"></a><a name="index-scaled-pixels-736"></a><a name="index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-737"></a><a name="index-dy-_0040r_007bvertical-escapement_007d-738"></a>The device-dependent width, in <dfn>scaled pixels</dfn>, i.e., units of +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">dx</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-horizontal-escapement-723"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-horizontal-724"></a><a name="index-vertical-escapement-725"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-vertical-726"></a><a name="index-scaled-pixels-727"></a><a name="index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-728"></a><a name="index-dy-_0040r_007bvertical-escapement_007d-729"></a>The device-dependent width, in <dfn>scaled pixels</dfn>, i.e., units of horizontal pixels times 2^16. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">(65)</span></samp>’ is simply the same number rounded. If the vertical escapement is nonzero, it would appear here as a ‘<samp><span class="samp">dy</span></samp>’ value. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-TFM-width-of-characters-739"></a><a name="index-device_002dindependent-width-740"></a><a name="index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-741"></a>The device-independent (TFM) width of this character. It is 2^24 + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-TFM-width-of-characters-730"></a><a name="index-device_002dindependent-width-731"></a><a name="index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-732"></a>The device-independent (TFM) width of this character. It is 2^24 times the ratio of the true width to the font's design size. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">64.57289</span></samp>’ is the same number converted to pixels. @@ -3409,7 +3391,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.6 TFtoPL: TeX font metric to property list conversion</h3> -<p><a name="index-tftopl-742"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-TFM-to-property-list-743"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-TFM-files-744"></a><a name="index-property-list_002c-converting-TFM-to-745"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-746"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-747"></a> +<p><a name="index-tftopl-733"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-TFM-to-property-list-734"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-TFM-files-735"></a><a name="index-property-list_002c-converting-TFM-to-736"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-737"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-738"></a> TFtoPL translates a TeX font metric (TFM, see <a href="dvips.html#Metric-files">Metric files</a>) file (as output by Metafont, for example) to <dfn>property list format</dfn> (a list of parenthesized items describing the font) that humans can edit or read. This program is mostly used by @@ -3431,7 +3413,7 @@ program TFtoPL (see the next section). <p>The program accepts the following option, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-verbose</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-charcode-format=</span><var>type</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-748"></a>Output character codes in the PL file according to <var>type</var>: either +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-charcode-format=</span><var>type</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-739"></a>Output character codes in the PL file according to <var>type</var>: either ‘<samp><span class="samp">octal</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">ascii</span></samp>’. Default is ‘<samp><span class="samp">ascii</span></samp>’ for letters and digits, octal for all other characters. Exception: if the font's coding scheme starts with ‘<samp><span class="samp">TeX math sy</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">TeX math ex</span></samp>’, all @@ -3448,7 +3430,7 @@ where using ASCII characters for the character codes is merely confusing. </dl> - <p><a name="index-property-list-format-749"></a>As an example of the output, here is the (abridged) property list + <p><a name="index-property-list-format-740"></a>As an example of the output, here is the (abridged) property list translation of <samp><span class="file">cmr10.tfm</span></samp>: <pre class="example"> (FAMILY CMR) @@ -3501,14 +3483,14 @@ translation of <samp><span class="file">cmr10.tfm</span></samp>: <dfn>properties</dfn>, nested where necessary. <ul> -<li><a name="index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-750"></a><a name="index-FACE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-751"></a><a name="index-headerbyte-_0040r_007binformation_007d-752"></a>The first few items (<code>FAMILY</code>, <code>FACE</code>, and so on) are +<li><a name="index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-741"></a><a name="index-FACE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-742"></a><a name="index-headerbyte-_0040r_007binformation_007d-743"></a>The first few items (<code>FAMILY</code>, <code>FACE</code>, and so on) are the so-called <dfn>headerbyte</dfn> information from Metafont, giving general information about the font. - <li><a name="index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-753"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cfontdimen-754"></a>The <code>FONTDIMEN</code> property defines the TeX <code>\fontdimen</code> + <li><a name="index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-744"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cfontdimen-745"></a>The <code>FONTDIMEN</code> property defines the TeX <code>\fontdimen</code> values. - <li><a name="index-LIGTABLE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-755"></a><a name="index-LABEL-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-756"></a><a name="index-LIG-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-757"></a><a name="index-KRN-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-758"></a><a name="index-ligature-table_002c-in-TFM-files-759"></a><a name="index-kerning-table_002c-in-TFM-files-760"></a><a name="index-design_002dsize-units-761"></a>The <code>LIGTABLE</code> property defines the ligature and kerning table. + <li><a name="index-LIGTABLE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-746"></a><a name="index-LABEL-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-747"></a><a name="index-LIG-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-748"></a><a name="index-KRN-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-749"></a><a name="index-ligature-table_002c-in-TFM-files-750"></a><a name="index-kerning-table_002c-in-TFM-files-751"></a><a name="index-design_002dsize-units-752"></a>The <code>LIGTABLE</code> property defines the ligature and kerning table. <code>LIG</code> properties define ligatures: in the example above, an ‘<samp><span class="samp">f</span></samp>’ (in the ‘<samp><span class="samp">LABEL</span></samp>’) followed by an ‘<samp><span class="samp">i</span></samp>’ is a ligature, i.e., a typesetting program like TeX replaces those two consecutive @@ -3520,7 +3502,7 @@ apostrophe), TeX inserts a small amount of space between them: three-quarters of a printer's point by default in this case, or .001 inches). - <li><a name="index-CHARACTER-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-762"></a><a name="index-CHARWD-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-763"></a><a name="index-CHARHT-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-764"></a><a name="index-CHARDP-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-765"></a><a name="index-CHARIC-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-766"></a>The <code>CHARACTER</code> property defines the dimensions of a character: its + <li><a name="index-CHARACTER-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-753"></a><a name="index-CHARWD-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-754"></a><a name="index-CHARHT-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-755"></a><a name="index-CHARDP-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-756"></a><a name="index-CHARIC-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-757"></a>The <code>CHARACTER</code> property defines the dimensions of a character: its width, height, depth, and italic correction, also in design-size units, as explained in the previous item. For our example `f', the depth is zero, so that property is omitted. TFtoPL also inserts any kerns and @@ -3539,7 +3521,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.7 PLtoTF: Property list to TeX font metric conversion</h3> -<p><a name="index-pltotf-767"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-TFM-768"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-769"></a><a name="index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-770"></a> +<p><a name="index-pltotf-758"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-TFM-759"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-760"></a><a name="index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-761"></a> PLtoTF translates a property list file (as output by TFtoPL, for example) to TeX font metric (TFM, see <a href="dvips.html#Metric-files">Metric files</a>) format. It's much easier for both programs and humans to create the @@ -3570,7 +3552,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.8 VFtoVP: Virtual font to virtual property lists</h3> -<p><a name="index-vftovp-771"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-VF-to-VPL-772"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-VF-files-773"></a><a name="index-property-list_002c-converting-VF-to-virtual-774"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-VF-to-775"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-VF-to-776"></a> +<p><a name="index-vftovp-762"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-VF-to-VPL-763"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-VF-files-764"></a><a name="index-property-list_002c-converting-VF-to-virtual-765"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-VF-to-766"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-VF-to-767"></a> VFtoVP translates a virtual font metric (VF, see <a href="dvips.html#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a>) file and its accompanying TeX font metric (TFM, see <a href="dvips.html#Metric-files">Metric files</a>) file (as output by VPtoVF, for example) to <dfn>virtual property list format</dfn> (a list of parenthesized @@ -3595,7 +3577,7 @@ companion program VFtoVP (see the next section). <p>The program accepts the following option, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-verbose</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-charcode-format=</span><var>type</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-777"></a>Output character codes in the PL file according to <var>type</var>: either +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-charcode-format=</span><var>type</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-768"></a>Output character codes in the PL file according to <var>type</var>: either ‘<samp><span class="samp">octal</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">ascii</span></samp>’. Default is ‘<samp><span class="samp">ascii</span></samp>’ for letters and digits, octal for all other characters. Exception: if the font's coding scheme starts with ‘<samp><span class="samp">TeX math sy</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">TeX math ex</span></samp>’, all @@ -3623,7 +3605,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.9 VPtoVF: Virtual property lists to virtual font</h3> -<p><a name="index-vptovf-778"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-VF-779"></a><a name="index-VF-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-780"></a><a name="index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-781"></a> +<p><a name="index-vptovf-769"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-VF-770"></a><a name="index-VF-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-771"></a><a name="index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-772"></a> VPtoVF translates a virtual property list file (as output by VFtoVP, for example) to virtual font (VF, see <a href="dvips.html#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a>) and TeX font metric (TFM, see <a href="dvips.html#Metric-files">Metric files</a>) files. @@ -3652,7 +3634,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.10 Font utilities available elsewhere</h3> -<p><a name="index-font-utilities_002c-non_002dWeb2c-782"></a> +<p><a name="index-font-utilities_002c-non_002dWeb2c-773"></a> The Web2c complement of font utilities merely implements a few basic conversions. Many other more sophisticated font utilities exist; most are in <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities</span></samp> (for CTAN info, @@ -3660,17 +3642,17 @@ see <a href="kpathsea.html#unixtex_002eftp">unixtex.ftp</a>). Here are some of commonly-requested items: <ul> -<li><a name="index-AFM-to-TFM-conversion-783"></a><a name="index-afm2tfm-784"></a><a name="index-afmtopl-785"></a>AFM (Adobe font metric) to TFM conversion: see <a href="dvips.html#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a>, and <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities/afmtopl</span></samp>. +<li><a name="index-AFM-to-TFM-conversion-774"></a><a name="index-afm2tfm-775"></a><a name="index-afmtopl-776"></a>AFM (Adobe font metric) to TFM conversion: see <a href="dvips.html#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a>, and <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities/afmtopl</span></samp>. - <li><a name="index-X-bitmap-fonts-786"></a><a name="index-BDF-and-GF-conversion-787"></a>BDF (the X bitmap format) conversion: + <li><a name="index-X-bitmap-fonts-777"></a><a name="index-BDF-and-GF-conversion-778"></a>BDF (the X bitmap format) conversion: <a href="ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/bdf.tar.gz">ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/bdf.tar.gz</a>. - <li><a name="index-metatype1-788"></a><a name="index-Latin-Modern-789"></a>Creating fonts using MetaPost: MetaType1. + <li><a name="index-metatype1-779"></a><a name="index-Latin-Modern-780"></a>Creating fonts using MetaPost: MetaType1. <a href="ftp://bop.eps.gda.pl/pub/metatype1">ftp://bop.eps.gda.pl/pub/metatype1</a>. This is used to create the excellent Latin Modern font family (<samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/lm</span></samp>), which extends Computer Modern to a vast repertoire of scripts. - <li><a name="index-editing-of-bitmap-fonts-790"></a><a name="index-xbfe_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-791"></a><a name="index-xfed_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-792"></a><a name="index-xfedor_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-793"></a><a name="index-gftopxl-794"></a><a name="index-chtopx-795"></a><a name="index-pxtoch-796"></a>Editing of bitmap fonts: Xbfe from the GNU font utilities mentioned + <li><a name="index-editing-of-bitmap-fonts-781"></a><a name="index-xbfe_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-782"></a><a name="index-xfed_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-783"></a><a name="index-xfedor_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-784"></a><a name="index-gftopxl-785"></a><a name="index-chtopx-786"></a><a name="index-pxtoch-787"></a>Editing of bitmap fonts: Xbfe from the GNU font utilities mentioned below; the X BDF-editing programs available from <a href="ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/xfed.tar.Z">ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/xfed.tar.Z</a> and <a href="ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/xfedor.tar.Z">ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/xfedor.tar.Z</a>; and finally, if your @@ -3678,30 +3660,30 @@ fonts have only 128 characters, you can use the old <code>gftopxl</code>, <code>pxtoch</code>, and <code>chtopx</code> programs from <a href="ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/web">ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/web</a>. - <li><a name="index-fontforge-797"></a><a name="index-pfaedit-798"></a>Editing of outline fonts: FontForge, <a href="fontforge.sourceforge.net">fontforge.sourceforge.net</a>. + <li><a name="index-fontforge-788"></a><a name="index-pfaedit-789"></a>Editing of outline fonts: FontForge, <a href="fontforge.sourceforge.net">fontforge.sourceforge.net</a>. This is a very elaborate program with support for many outline formats (Type 1, OpenType, TrueType, <small class="dots">...</small>), and many advanced font editing features. - <li><a name="index-PK-bitmaps-from-PostScript-799"></a><a name="index-PostScript-to-PK-bitmaps-800"></a><a name="index-gsftopk-801"></a><a name="index-ps2pk-802"></a>PK bitmaps from PostScript outline fonts: gsftopk from the ‘<samp><span class="samp">xdvi</span></samp>’ + <li><a name="index-PK-bitmaps-from-PostScript-790"></a><a name="index-PostScript-to-PK-bitmaps-791"></a><a name="index-gsftopk-792"></a><a name="index-ps2pk-793"></a>PK bitmaps from PostScript outline fonts: gsftopk from the ‘<samp><span class="samp">xdvi</span></samp>’ distribution. Alternatively, <code>ps2pk</code>, from <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities/ps2pk</span></samp>. - <li><a name="index-Type-1-conversion-803"></a><a name="index-PFA-and-PFB-conversion-804"></a><a name="index-PostScript-Type-1-font-conversion-805"></a>PostScript Type 1 font format conversion (i.e., between PFA and PFB + <li><a name="index-Type-1-conversion-794"></a><a name="index-PFA-and-PFB-conversion-795"></a><a name="index-PostScript-Type-1-font-conversion-796"></a>PostScript Type 1 font format conversion (i.e., between PFA and PFB formats): <a href="http://www.lcdf.org/type">http://www.lcdf.org/type</a>. - <li><a name="index-scanned-images-of-fonts-806"></a><a name="index-typeface-specimen-sheets-807"></a><a name="index-fontutils-808"></a>Scanned image conversion: the (aging) GNU font utilities convert type + <li><a name="index-scanned-images-of-fonts-797"></a><a name="index-typeface-specimen-sheets-798"></a><a name="index-fontutils-799"></a>Scanned image conversion: the (aging) GNU font utilities convert type specimen images to Metafont, PostScript, etc.: <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/fontutils/">http://www.gnu.org/software/fontutils/</a>. - <li><a name="index-autotrace-809"></a><a name="index-potrace-810"></a>Tracing bitmaps to fitted outlines: Autotrace + <li><a name="index-autotrace-800"></a><a name="index-potrace-801"></a>Tracing bitmaps to fitted outlines: Autotrace (<a href="http://autotrace.sourceforge.net">http://autotrace.sourceforge.net</a>), Potrace (<a href="http://potrace.sourceforge.net">http://potrace.sourceforge.net</a>). For Metafont fonts, either of the two programs <code>mftrace</code> (<a href="http://www.xs4all.nl/~hanwen/mftrace">http://www.xs4all.nl/~hanwen/mftrace</a>) or <code>textrace</code> (<a href="http://textrace.sourceforge.net">http://textrace.sourceforge.net</a>) make the job easier. - <li><a name="index-virtual-font-creation-811"></a><a name="index-fontinst_0040r_007b_002c-for-creating-virtual-fonts_007d-812"></a>Virtual font creation: <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities/fontinst</span></samp>. + <li><a name="index-virtual-font-creation-802"></a><a name="index-fontinst_0040r_007b_002c-for-creating-virtual-fonts_007d-803"></a>Virtual font creation: <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities/fontinst</span></samp>. </ul> <div class="node"> @@ -3715,7 +3697,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="appendix">Appendix A Legalisms</h2> -<p><a name="index-legalisms-813"></a><a name="index-copyright-notices-814"></a><a name="index-permissions_002c-legal-815"></a> +<p><a name="index-legalisms-804"></a><a name="index-copyright-notices-805"></a><a name="index-permissions_002c-legal-806"></a> In general, each file has its own copyright notice stating the copying permissions for that file. Following is a summary. @@ -3769,7 +3751,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="appendix">Appendix B References</h2> -<p><a name="index-references-816"></a><a name="index-bibliography-817"></a> +<p><a name="index-references-807"></a><a name="index-bibliography-808"></a> <ol type=1 start=1> <li>Kpathsea: See <a href="kpathsea.html#Top">Introduction</a>. @@ -3791,7 +3773,8 @@ TeX project, see the books <cite>TeX: The Program</cite> or <li>[Bil87] Neenie Billawala. Write-white printing engines and tuning fonts with Metafont. -<cite>TUGboat</cite>, 8(1):29–32, April 1987. +<cite>TUGboat</cite>, 8(1):29–32, April 1987. +<a href="http://tug.org/TUGboat/tb08-1/tb17billawala.pdf">http://tug.org/TUGboat/tb08-1/tb17billawala.pdf</a>. <li>[GMS94] Michel Goossens, Frank Mittelbach, and Alexander Samarin. @@ -3801,7 +3784,8 @@ Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1994. <li>[Hob89] John D. Hobby. A Metafont-like system with PS output. -<cite>TUGboat</cite>, 10(4):505–512, December 1989. +<cite>TUGboat</cite>, 10(4):505–512, December 1989. +<a href="http://tug.org/metapost">http://tug.org/metapost</a>. <li>[Hob92] John D. Hobby. @@ -3874,7 +3858,8 @@ This is an updated version of Knuth:1988:ET. <li>[Knu90] Donald Knuth. Virtual Fonts: More Fun for Grand Wizards. -<cite>TUGboat</cite>, 11(1):13–23, April 1990. +<cite>TUGboat</cite>, 11(1):13–23, April 1990. +<a href="http://tug.org/TUGboat/tb11-1/tb27knut.pdf">http://tug.org/TUGboat/tb11-1/tb27knut.pdf</a>. <li>[Knu92] Donald E. Knuth. @@ -3892,7 +3877,8 @@ Reprinted with corrections in 1996. <li>[Lia83] Franklin Mark Liang. Word hy-phen-a-tion by com-pu-ter. -Technical Report STAN-CS-83-977, Stanford University, August 1983. +Technical Report STAN-CS-83-977, Stanford University, August 1983. +<a href="http://tug.org/docs/liang/liang-thesis.pdf">http://tug.org/docs/liang/liang-thesis.pdf</a>. <li>[Mac91] Pierre A. MacKay. @@ -3930,737 +3916,728 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <ul class="index-cp" compact> <li><a href="#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_0023define_007d-options-36">‘<samp><span class="samp">#define</span></samp>’ options</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0024-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-226"><code>$ </code><span class="roman">expansion in filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0026-_0040r_007bmagic-number_007d-183"><code>%& </code><span class="roman">magic number</span></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0024-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-225"><code>$ </code><span class="roman">expansion in filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0026-_0040r_007bmagic-number_007d-182"><code>%& </code><span class="roman">magic number</span></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d-_0040r_007bstarting-a-filename_007d-93"><code>- </code><span class="roman">starting a filename</span></a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d-_0040r_007bstarts-option-names_007d-91"><code>- </code><span class="roman">starts option names</span></a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002d-_0040r_007bstarts-option-names_007d-92"><code>-- </code><span class="roman">starts option names</span></a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002ddump_002dshare-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-198"><code>--disable-dump-share configure </code><span class="roman">option</span></a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002dmf_002dnowin-452"><code>--disable-mf-nowin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002depsfwin-419"><code>--enable-epsfwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dhp2627win-421"><code>--enable-hp2627win</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dipc-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-252"><code>--enable-ipc configure </code><span class="roman">option</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dmftalkwin-423"><code>--enable-mftalkwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dnext-426"><code>--enable-next</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dregiswin-428"><code>--enable-regiswin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dsuntoolswin-433"><code>--enable-suntoolswin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dtektronixwin-437"><code>--enable-tektronixwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dunitermwin-441"><code>--enable-unitermwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002ddump_002dshare-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-197"><code>--disable-dump-share configure </code><span class="roman">option</span></a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002dmf_002dnowin-451"><code>--disable-mf-nowin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002depsfwin-418"><code>--enable-epsfwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dhp2627win-420"><code>--enable-hp2627win</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dipc-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-251"><code>--enable-ipc configure </code><span class="roman">option</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dmftalkwin-422"><code>--enable-mftalkwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dnext-425"><code>--enable-next</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dregiswin-427"><code>--enable-regiswin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dsuntoolswin-432"><code>--enable-suntoolswin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dtektronixwin-436"><code>--enable-tektronixwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dunitermwin-440"><code>--enable-unitermwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dhelp-_0040r_007bcommon-option_007d-96"><code>--help </code><span class="roman">common option</span></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dverbose-_0040r_007bcommon-option_007d-98"><code>--verbose </code><span class="roman">common option</span></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dversion-_0040r_007bcommon-option_007d-100"><code>--version </code><span class="roman">common option</span></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002deditor_003d_0040var_007bcmd_007d-214"><code>--with-editor=</code><var>cmd</var></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dmf_002dx_002dtoolkit_003d_0040var_007bkit_007d-447"><code>--with-mf-x-toolkit=</code><var>kit</var></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dx-446"><code>--with-x</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002deditor_003d_0040var_007bcmd_007d-213"><code>--with-editor=</code><var>cmd</var></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dmf_002dx_002dtoolkit_003d_0040var_007bkit_007d-446"><code>--with-mf-x-toolkit=</code><var>kit</var></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dx-445"><code>--with-x</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d8bit-138"><code>-8bit</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dbase_003d_0040var_007bbase_007d-180"><code>-base=</code><var>base</var></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dbase_003d_0040var_007bdumpname_007d-107"><code>-base=</code><var>dumpname</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dchange_003d_0040var_007bchfile_007d-484"><code>-change=</code><var>chfile</var></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-777"><code>-charcode-format=</code><var>type</var></a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-748"><code>-charcode-format=</code><var>type</var></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dchange_003d_0040var_007bchfile_007d-483"><code>-change=</code><var>chfile</var></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-768"><code>-charcode-format=</code><var>type</var></a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-739"><code>-charcode-format=</code><var>type</var></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dD-_0040r_007bcompiler-options_007d-37"><code>-D </code><span class="roman">compiler options</span></a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ddisable_002dwrite18-266"><code>-disable-write18</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ddpi_003d_0040var_007breal_007d-641"><code>-dpi=</code><var>real</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002denable_002dwrite18-265"><code>-enable-write18</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002denc-247"><code>-enc</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ddisable_002dwrite18-265"><code>-disable-write18</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ddpi_003d_0040var_007breal_007d-632"><code>-dpi=</code><var>real</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002denable_002dwrite18-264"><code>-enable-write18</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002denc-246"><code>-enc</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dfile_002dline_002derror-102"><code>-file-line-error</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dfile_002dline_002derror_002dstyle-104"><code>-file-line-error-style</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dfmt_003d_0040var_007bdumpname_007d-106"><code>-fmt=</code><var>dumpname</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dfmt_003d_0040var_007bfmt_007d-179"><code>-fmt=</code><var>fmt</var></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dgeometry_0040r_007b_002c-supported-with-Xt_007d-461"><code>-geometry</code><span class="roman">, supported with Xt</span></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dgeometry_0040r_007b_002c-supported-with-Xt_007d-460"><code>-geometry</code><span class="roman">, supported with Xt</span></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dhalt_002don_002derror-110"><code>-halt-on-error</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dimages-722"><code>-images</code></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dimages-713"><code>-images</code></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dini-163"><code>-ini</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dini-112"><code>-ini</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dinteraction_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-115"><code>-interaction=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dipc-250"><code>-ipc</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dipc_002dstart-251"><code>-ipc-start</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dipc-249"><code>-ipc</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dipc_002dstart-250"><code>-ipc-start</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002djobname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-117"><code>-jobname=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dkpathsea_002ddebug_003d_0040var_007bnumber_007d-119"><code>-kpathsea-debug=</code><var>number</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dlength_003d_0040var_007bnumber_007d-596"><code>-length=</code><var>number</var></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dloose-604"><code>-loose</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dlowercase-598"><code>-lowercase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-642"><code>-magnification=</code><var>integer</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-627"><code>-magnification=</code><var>integer</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-645"><code>-max-pages=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-630"><code>-max-pages=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dlength_003d_0040var_007bnumber_007d-587"><code>-length=</code><var>number</var></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dloose-595"><code>-loose</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dlowercase-589"><code>-lowercase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-633"><code>-magnification=</code><var>integer</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-618"><code>-magnification=</code><var>integer</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-636"><code>-max-pages=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-621"><code>-max-pages=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmem_003d_0040var_007bdumpname_007d-108"><code>-mem=</code><var>dumpname</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmem_003d_0040var_007bmem_007d-181"><code>-mem=</code><var>mem</var></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmin_002dcrossrefs_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-559"><code>-min-crossrefs=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmixedcase-599"><code>-mixedcase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-389"><code>-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-253"><code>-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmltex-255"><code>-mltex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmnemonics-723"><code>-mnemonics</code></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmin_002dcrossrefs_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-550"><code>-min-crossrefs=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmixedcase-590"><code>-mixedcase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-388"><code>-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-252"><code>-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmltex-254"><code>-mltex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmnemonics-714"><code>-mnemonics</code></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dfile_002dline_002derror-103"><code>-no-file-line-error</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-390"><code>-no-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-254"><code>-no-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-389"><code>-no-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-253"><code>-no-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dparse_002dfirst_002dline-126"><code>-no-parse-first-line</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dshell_002descape-263"><code>-no-shell-escape</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dshell_002descape-262"><code>-no-shell-escape</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002doem-141"><code>-oem</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002dcomment_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-258"><code>-output-comment=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002dcomment_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-257"><code>-output-comment=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002ddirectory-152"><code>-output-directory</code></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002ddirectory-123"><code>-output-directory</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002dlevel_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-646"><code>-output-level=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doverflow_002dlabel_002doffset_003d_0040var_007bpoints_007d-474"><code>-overflow-label-offset=</code><var>points</var></a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-647"><code>-page-start=</code><var>page-spec</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-631"><code>-page-start=</code><var>page-spec</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002dlevel_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-637"><code>-output-level=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doverflow_002dlabel_002doffset_003d_0040var_007bpoints_007d-473"><code>-overflow-label-offset=</code><var>points</var></a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-638"><code>-page-start=</code><var>page-spec</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-622"><code>-page-start=</code><var>page-spec</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dparse_002dfirst_002dline-125"><code>-parse-first-line</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dprogname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-182"><code>-progname=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dprogname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-181"><code>-progname=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dprogname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-128"><code>-progname=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002drecorder-132"><code>-recorder</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshell_002descape-262"><code>-shell-escape</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshell_002drestricted-264"><code>-shell-restricted</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshow_002dopcodes-651"><code>-show-opcodes</code></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dstrict-605"><code>-strict</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dstyle_003d_0040var_007bmftfile_007d-486"><code>-style=</code><var>mftfile</var></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dT-521"><code>-T</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dterse-556"><code>-terse</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dtex_003d_0040var_007btexprogram_007d-524"><code>-tex=</code><var>texprogram</var></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshell_002descape-261"><code>-shell-escape</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshell_002drestricted-263"><code>-shell-restricted</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshow_002dopcodes-642"><code>-show-opcodes</code></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dstrict-596"><code>-strict</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dstyle_003d_0040var_007bmftfile_007d-485"><code>-style=</code><var>mftfile</var></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dT-520"><code>-T</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dterse-547"><code>-terse</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dtex_003d_0040var_007btexprogram_007d-523"><code>-tex=</code><var>texprogram</var></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dtranslate_002dfile_003d_0040var_007btcxfile_007d-134"><code>-translate-file=</code><var>tcxfile</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dtroff-522"><code>-troff</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dunderline-602"><code>-underline</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002duppercase-600"><code>-uppercase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dx-612"><code>-x</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dtroff-521"><code>-troff</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dunderline-593"><code>-underline</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002duppercase-591"><code>-uppercase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dx-603"><code>-x</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-output_007d-151"><code>.</code><span class="roman">, used for output</span></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e2602gf-388"><code>.2602gf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eaux-_0040r_007bcross_002dreference-files_007d-547"><code>.aux </code><span class="roman">cross-reference files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebase-393"><code>.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebbl-_0040r_007bbibliography-files_007d-546"><code>.bbl </code><span class="roman">bibliography files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebib-_0040r_007bbibliography-databases_007d-548"><code>.bib </code><span class="roman">bibliography databases</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eblg-_0040r_007bBib_0040TeX_007b_007d-log-file_007d-549"><code>.blg </code><span class="roman">BibTeX log file</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002efmt-270"><code>.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002emem-527"><code>.mem</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002emf-374"><code>.mf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002emp-500"><code>.mp</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-and-PDF-519"><code>.mps</code> files and PDF</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007d-_0040r_007bPostScript-figures_007d-503"><code>.</code><var>nnn</var> <span class="roman">PostScript figures</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dgf-_0040r_007bgeneric-fonts_007d-378"><code>.</code><var>nnn</var><code>gf </code><span class="roman">generic fonts</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etcx-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-306"><code>.tcx </code><span class="roman">character translation files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e2602gf-387"><code>.2602gf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eaux-_0040r_007bcross_002dreference-files_007d-538"><code>.aux </code><span class="roman">cross-reference files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebase-392"><code>.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebbl-_0040r_007bbibliography-files_007d-537"><code>.bbl </code><span class="roman">bibliography files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebib-_0040r_007bbibliography-databases_007d-539"><code>.bib </code><span class="roman">bibliography databases</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eblg-_0040r_007bBib_0040TeX_007b_007d-log-file_007d-540"><code>.blg </code><span class="roman">BibTeX log file</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002efmt-269"><code>.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002emf-373"><code>.mf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002emp-499"><code>.mp</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-and-PDF-518"><code>.mps</code> files and PDF</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007d-_0040r_007bPostScript-figures_007d-502"><code>.</code><var>nnn</var> <span class="roman">PostScript figures</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dgf-_0040r_007bgeneric-fonts_007d-377"><code>.</code><var>nnn</var><code>gf </code><span class="roman">generic fonts</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etcx-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-305"><code>.tcx </code><span class="roman">character translation files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002etcx-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-136"><code>.tcx </code><span class="roman">character translation files</span></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etex-235"><code>.tex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-504"><code>.tfm </code><span class="roman">output</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-383"><code>.tfm </code><span class="roman">output</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eXdefaults-459"><code>.Xdefaults</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eXresources-460"><code>.Xresources</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t2602gf-387"><code>2602gf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etex-234"><code>.tex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-503"><code>.tfm </code><span class="roman">output</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-382"><code>.tfm </code><span class="roman">output</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eXdefaults-458"><code>.Xdefaults</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eXresources-459"><code>.Xresources</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t2602gf-386"><code>2602gf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t8-bit-clean-139">8 bit clean</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t8-bit-clean-output_002c-specifying-140"><code>8 bit clean output, specifying</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t8_002dbit-characters-309">8-bit characters</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cbibliography-551"><code>\bibliography</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cbibliographystyle-552"><code>\bibliographystyle</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-299"><code>\charsubdef </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-650"><code>\count</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-634"><code>\count</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cfont-_0040r_007band-dynamic-generation_007d-240"><code>\font </code><span class="roman">and dynamic generation</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cfontdimen-754"><code>\fontdimen</code></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cimmediate_005cwrite18-338"><code>\immediate\write18</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cinput-_0040r_007bfilenames_007d-217"><code>\input </code><span class="roman">filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cinput_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-346"><code>\input</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cmag-644"><code>\mag</code></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cmag-629"><code>\mag</code></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenin_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-345"><code>\openin</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenout-_0040r_007band-security_007d-241"><code>\openout </code><span class="roman">and security</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenout_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-347"><code>\openout</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005coutput-_0040r_007broutine_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005cwrite_007d_007d-341"><code>\output </code><span class="roman">routine, and </span><code>\write</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cpdfshellescape-348"><code>\pdfshellescape</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cstring-227"><code>\string</code></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-302"><code>\tracingcharsubdef </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ctracinglostchars-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-304"><code>\tracinglostchars </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cwrite18-_0040r_007bshell-escape-extension_007d-339"><code>\write18 </code><span class="roman">shell escape extension</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005e_005e-_0040r_007bnotation_002c-avoiding_007d-326"><code>^^ </code><span class="roman">notation, avoiding</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040cite_007bComputer-Modern-Typefaces_007d_002c-production-of-491"><cite>Computer Modern Typefaces</cite>, production of</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-abbrv_002ebst-574"><code>abbrv.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-accented-character-310">accented character</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-accents_002c-hyphenating-words-with-296">accents, hyphenating words with</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t8_002dbit-characters-308">8-bit characters</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cbibliography-542"><code>\bibliography</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cbibliographystyle-543"><code>\bibliographystyle</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-298"><code>\charsubdef </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-641"><code>\count</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-625"><code>\count</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cfont-_0040r_007band-dynamic-generation_007d-239"><code>\font </code><span class="roman">and dynamic generation</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cfontdimen-745"><code>\fontdimen</code></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cimmediate_005cwrite18-337"><code>\immediate\write18</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cinput-_0040r_007bfilenames_007d-216"><code>\input </code><span class="roman">filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cinput_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-345"><code>\input</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cmag-635"><code>\mag</code></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cmag-620"><code>\mag</code></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenin_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-344"><code>\openin</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenout-_0040r_007band-security_007d-240"><code>\openout </code><span class="roman">and security</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenout_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-346"><code>\openout</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005coutput-_0040r_007broutine_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005cwrite_007d_007d-340"><code>\output </code><span class="roman">routine, and </span><code>\write</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cpdfshellescape-347"><code>\pdfshellescape</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cstring-226"><code>\string</code></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-301"><code>\tracingcharsubdef </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ctracinglostchars-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-303"><code>\tracinglostchars </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cwrite18-_0040r_007bshell-escape-extension_007d-338"><code>\write18 </code><span class="roman">shell escape extension</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005e_005e-_0040r_007bnotation_002c-avoiding_007d-325"><code>^^ </code><span class="roman">notation, avoiding</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040cite_007bComputer-Modern-Typefaces_007d_002c-production-of-490"><cite>Computer Modern Typefaces</cite>, production of</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-abbrv_002ebst-565"><code>abbrv.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-accented-character-309">accented character</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-accents_002c-hyphenating-words-with-295">accents, hyphenating words with</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-acknowledgements-19">acknowledgements</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-acm_002ebst-575"><code>acm.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Ada_002c-WEB-for-588">Ada, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-acm_002ebst-566"><code>acm.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Ada_002c-WEB-for-579">Ada, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> <li><a href="#index-additional-Make-targets-44">additional Make targets</a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-AFM-to-TFM-conversion-783">AFM to TFM conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-afm2tfm-784"><code>afm2tfm</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-afmtopl-785"><code>afmtopl</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Aleph-357">Aleph</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-AFM-to-TFM-conversion-774">AFM to TFM conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-afm2tfm-775"><code>afm2tfm</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-afmtopl-776"><code>afmtopl</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Aleph-356">Aleph</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> <li><a href="#index-aliases-for-fonts-147">aliases for fonts</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-alpha_002ebst-576"><code>alpha.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-American-Mathematical-Society_002c-typesetting-system-280">American Mathematical Society, typesetting system</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-AMS_0040TeX_007b_007d-279">AMSTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-apalike_002ebst-577"><code>apalike.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-architecture-dependencies-196">architecture dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-alpha_002ebst-567"><code>alpha.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-American-Mathematical-Society_002c-typesetting-system-279">American Mathematical Society, typesetting system</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-AMS_0040TeX_007b_007d-278">AMSTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-apalike_002ebst-568"><code>apalike.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-architecture-dependencies-195">architecture dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-array-limit_002c-fixed-83">array limit, fixed</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-array-sizes-71">array sizes</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-assembly-language-routines-41">assembly language routines</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-autotrace-809"><code>autotrace</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Awk_002c-WEB-for-587">Awk, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-autotrace-800"><code>autotrace</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Awk_002c-WEB-for-578">Awk, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> <li><a href="#index-base-file_002c-determining-177">base file, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-files-394">base files</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-need-mode-definitions-404">base files, need mode definitions</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-plain-only-401">base files, plain only</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-sharing-190">base files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-files-393">base files</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-need-mode-definitions-403">base files, need mode definitions</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-plain-only-400">base files, plain only</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-sharing-189">base files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-bases-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-53"><code>bases </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-basic-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-571">basic BibTeX style files</a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-basic-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-562">basic BibTeX style files</a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-basic-fonts-and-macros-29">basic fonts and macros</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-batch-languages-231">batch languages</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-BDF-and-GF-conversion-787">BDF and GF conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-beginfig-502"><code>beginfig</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-batch-languages-230">batch languages</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-BDF-and-GF-conversion-778">BDF and GF conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-beginfig-501"><code>beginfig</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Berry_002c-Karl-17">Berry, Karl</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-BIBINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-554"><code>BIBINPUTS</code><span class="roman">, search path for bib files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bibliographies_002c-creating-543">bibliographies, creating</a>: <a href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bibliography-817">bibliography</a>: <a href="#References">References</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bibliography-items_002c-cross_002dreferenced-561">bibliography items, cross-referenced</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bibtex-545"><code>bibtex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-544">BibTeX</a>: <a href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-collection-568">BibTeX collection</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-572">BibTeX style files</a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-BigEndian-machines-193">BigEndian machines</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-BIBINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-545"><code>BIBINPUTS</code><span class="roman">, search path for bib files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bibliographies_002c-creating-534">bibliographies, creating</a>: <a href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bibliography-808">bibliography</a>: <a href="#References">References</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bibliography-items_002c-cross_002dreferenced-552">bibliography items, cross-referenced</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bibtex-536"><code>bibtex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-535">BibTeX</a>: <a href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-collection-559">BibTeX collection</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-563">BibTeX style files</a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-BigEndian-machines-192">BigEndian machines</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-binaries_002c-linking-129">binaries, linking</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-blank-lines_002c-in-TCX-files-318">blank lines, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-blank-lines_002c-in-TCX-files-317">blank lines, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-boxes_002c-memory-for-74">boxes, memory for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-breakpoints_002c-memory-for-76">breakpoints, memory for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Breitenlohner_002c-Peter-5">Breitenlohner, Peter</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-BSTINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bst-files_007d-555"><code>BSTINPUTS</code><span class="roman">, search path for bst files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-btex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-508"><code>btex </code><span class="roman">for MetaPost labels</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-btxdoc_002ebib-565"><code>btxdoc.bib</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-btxdoc_002etex-562"><code>btxdoc.tex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-btxhak_002etex-563"><code>btxhak.tex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-byte-position-724">byte position</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-byte-position-691">byte position</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-byte-swapping-199">byte swapping</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-BSTINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bst-files_007d-546"><code>BSTINPUTS</code><span class="roman">, search path for bst files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-btex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-507"><code>btex </code><span class="roman">for MetaPost labels</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-btxdoc_002ebib-556"><code>btxdoc.bib</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-btxdoc_002etex-553"><code>btxdoc.tex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-btxhak_002etex-554"><code>btxhak.tex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-byte-position-715">byte position</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-byte-position-682">byte position</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-byte-swapping-198">byte swapping</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-c_002dsources-_0040r_007bMakefile-target_007d-47"><code>c-sources </code><span class="roman">Makefile target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-MFT-485">change files, and MFT</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-Tangle-593">change files, and Tangle</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-Weave-611">change files, and Weave</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-MFT-484">change files, and MFT</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-Tangle-584">change files, and Tangle</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-Weave-602">change files, and Weave</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-changing-error-messages-style-105">changing error messages style</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-GFtype-output-725">character codes, in GFtype output</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-PKtype-output-694">character codes, in PKtype output</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-321">character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-proofs-of-fonts-467">character proofs of fonts</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CHARACTER-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-762"><code>CHARACTER </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-translation-files-307">character translation files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CHARDP-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-765"><code>CHARDP </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CHARHT-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-764"><code>CHARHT </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CHARIC-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-766"><code>CHARIC </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CHARWD-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-763"><code>CHARWD </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-chtopx-795"><code>chtopx</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-class-name-for-Metafont-456">class name for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cm_002ebase-398"><code>cm.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cmbase_002emf-399"><code>cmbase.mf</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cmbase_002emft-489"><code>cmbase.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cmmf_002ebase-_0040r_007bnot-recommended_007d-397"><code>cmmf.base </code><span class="roman">not recommended</span></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-color_002c-in-DVItoMP-542">color, in DVItoMP</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-in-TCX-files-320">comments, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-MFT-control-482">comments, MFT control</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-GFtype-output-716">character codes, in GFtype output</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-PKtype-output-685">character codes, in PKtype output</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-320">character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-proofs-of-fonts-466">character proofs of fonts</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CHARACTER-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-753"><code>CHARACTER </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-translation-files-306">character translation files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CHARDP-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-756"><code>CHARDP </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CHARHT-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-755"><code>CHARHT </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CHARIC-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-757"><code>CHARIC </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CHARWD-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-754"><code>CHARWD </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-chtopx-786"><code>chtopx</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-class-name-for-Metafont-455">class name for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cm_002ebase-397"><code>cm.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cmbase_002emf-398"><code>cmbase.mf</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cmbase_002emft-488"><code>cmbase.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cmmf_002ebase-_0040r_007bnot-recommended_007d-396"><code>cmmf.base </code><span class="roman">not recommended</span></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-color_002c-in-DVItoMP-533">color, in DVItoMP</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-in-TCX-files-319">comments, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-MFT-control-481">comments, MFT control</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-common-options-95">common options</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-commonalities-87">commonalities</a>: <a href="#Commonalities">Commonalities</a></li> <li><a href="#index-compilation-25">compilation</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-compile_002dtime-options-35">compile-time options</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-compile_002dtime-options-33">compile-time options</a>: <a href="#configure-options">configure options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern-fonts_002c-and-Troff-512">Computer Modern fonts, and Troff</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern-macros-400">Computer Modern macros</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern-fonts_002c-and-Troff-511">Computer Modern fonts, and Troff</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern-macros-399">Computer Modern macros</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configuration-24">configuration</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configuration-file-reading-145">configuration file reading</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configuration-file-values-70">configuration file values</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configuration_002c-compile_002dtime-32">configuration, compile-time</a>: <a href="#configure-options">configure options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configure-_002d_002dwith_002f_002d_002denable-_0040r_007boptions_007d-34"><code>configure --with/--enable </code><span class="roman">options</span></a>: <a href="#configure-options">configure options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CONTENTS_002etex-614"><code>CONTENTS.tex</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CONTENTS_002etex-605"><code>CONTENTS.tex</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-control-sequence-names_002c-space-for-81">control sequence names, space for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-conventions-for-options_002c-89">conventions for options,</a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-DVI-to-plain-text-636">conversion, DVI to plain text</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-GF-to-PK-678">conversion, GF to PK</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-GF-to-plain-text-717">conversion, GF to plain text</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-PK-to-GF-682">conversion, PK to GF</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-PK-to-plain-text-686">conversion, PK to plain text</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-TFM-768">conversion, property list to TFM</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-VF-779">conversion, property list to VF</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-TFM-to-property-list-743">conversion, TFM to property list</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-VF-to-VPL-772">conversion, VF to VPL</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-copyright-notices-814">copyright notices</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Cork-encoding-and-ISO-input-315">Cork encoding and ISO input</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-DVI-to-plain-text-627">conversion, DVI to plain text</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-GF-to-PK-669">conversion, GF to PK</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-GF-to-plain-text-708">conversion, GF to plain text</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-PK-to-GF-673">conversion, PK to GF</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-PK-to-plain-text-677">conversion, PK to plain text</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-TFM-759">conversion, property list to TFM</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-VF-770">conversion, property list to VF</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-TFM-to-property-list-734">conversion, TFM to property list</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-VF-to-VPL-763">conversion, VF to VPL</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-copyright-notices-805">copyright notices</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Cork-encoding-and-ISO-input-314">Cork encoding and ISO input</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-creating-memory-dumps-173">creating memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Creating-memory-dumps">Creating memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cross_002dreferenced-bibliography-items-560">cross-referenced bibliography items</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cross_002dreferences_002c-omitting-613">cross-references, omitting</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cross_002dreferenced-bibliography-items-551">cross-referenced bibliography items</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cross_002dreferences_002c-omitting-604">cross-references, omitting</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-current-directory_002c-used-for-output-150">current directory, used for output</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Curtis_002c-Pavel-15">Curtis, Pavel</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CWEB-586">CWEB</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Cweb-585">Cweb</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-date-and-time_002c-in-memory-dumps-203">date and time, in memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-debugging-DVI-utilities-654">debugging DVI utilities</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CWEB-577">CWEB</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Cweb-576">Cweb</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-date-and-time_002c-in-memory-dumps-202">date and time, in memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-debugging-DVI-utilities-645">debugging DVI utilities</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-debugging-flags_002c-specifying-121">debugging flags, specifying</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-decimal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-324">decimal character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dependencies_002c-hardware-197">dependencies, hardware</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-design_002dsize-units-761">design-size units</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-device-definitions_002c-for-Metafont-405">device definitions, for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-device_002dindependent-width-740">device-independent width</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-device_002dindependent-width-697">device-independent width</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-decimal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-323">decimal character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dependencies_002c-hardware-196">dependencies, hardware</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-design_002dsize-units-752">design-size units</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-device-definitions_002c-for-Metafont-404">device definitions, for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-device_002dindependent-width-731">device-independent width</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-device_002dindependent-width-688">device-independent width</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-directory-structure-28">directory structure</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DISPLAY-462"><code>DISPLAY</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dot-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-245">dot files, written by TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-downloading-of-fonts-for-MetaPost-labels-514">downloading of fonts for MetaPost labels</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DrawingServant-425"><code>DrawingServant</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DISPLAY-461"><code>DISPLAY</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dot-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-244">dot files, written by TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-downloading-of-fonts-for-MetaPost-labels-513">downloading of fonts for MetaPost labels</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DrawingServant-424"><code>DrawingServant</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-dump-file-109">dump file</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-dumping-memory-169">dumping memory</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-comment_002c-specifying-260">DVI comment, specifying</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-files_002c-converting-to-MPX-540">DVI files, converting to MPX</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-files_002c-explained-668">DVI files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-format-definition-624">DVI format definition</a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-opcodes_002c-showing-653">DVI opcodes, showing</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-utilities-622">DVI utilities</a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvicopy-625"><code>dvicopy</code></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvitomp-539"><code>dvitomp</code></a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvitype-_0040r_007bDVI-validation_007d-635"><code>dvitype </code><span class="roman">DVI validation</span></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvitype-output-example-655">dvitype output example</a>: <a href="#dvitype-output-example">dvitype output example</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvitype_002eweb-623"><code>dvitype.web</code></a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-737">dx <span class="roman">horizontal escapement</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-702">dx <span class="roman">horizontal escapement</span></a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dy-_0040r_007bvertical-escapement_007d-738">dy <span class="roman">vertical escapement</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-comment_002c-specifying-259">DVI comment, specifying</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-files_002c-converting-to-MPX-531">DVI files, converting to MPX</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-files_002c-explained-659">DVI files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-format-definition-615">DVI format definition</a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-opcodes_002c-showing-644">DVI opcodes, showing</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-utilities-613">DVI utilities</a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvicopy-616"><code>dvicopy</code></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvitomp-530"><code>dvitomp</code></a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvitype-_0040r_007bDVI-validation_007d-626"><code>dvitype </code><span class="roman">DVI validation</span></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvitype-output-example-646">dvitype output example</a>: <a href="#dvitype-output-example">dvitype output example</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvitype_002eweb-614"><code>dvitype.web</code></a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-728">dx <span class="roman">horizontal escapement</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-693">dx <span class="roman">horizontal escapement</span></a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dy-_0040r_007bvertical-escapement_007d-729">dy <span class="roman">vertical escapement</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-dynamic-array-allocation-86">dynamic array allocation</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definitions-with-_0040code_007bsmode_007d-412">dynamic Metafont mode definitions with <code>smode</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dynamic-packing-variable-693">dynamic packing variable</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-e-_0040r_007bresponse-at-error-prompt_007d-210"><code>e </code><span class="roman">response at error prompt</span></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-e_002dcircumflex-300">e-circumflex</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-e_002d_0040TeX_007b_007d-355">e-TeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-e_002emft-490"><code>e.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-EC-fonts-376">EC fonts</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-EC-fonts-238">EC fonts</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-editing-of-bitmap-fonts-790">editing of bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-editor-invoked-at-error-208">editor invoked at error</a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-eight_002dbit-characters-in-filenames-222">eight-bit characters in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-empty_002etcx-314"><code>empty.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-endian-dependencies-194">endian dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-eoc-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-731"><code>eoc </code><span class="roman">GF command</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Eplain-285">Eplain</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-epsf-417"><code>epsf</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-errors_002c-editor-invoked-at-209">errors, editor invoked at</a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-horizontal-733">escapement, horizontal</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-horizontal-700">escapement, horizontal</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-vertical-735">escapement, vertical</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-etex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-509"><code>etex </code><span class="roman">for MetaPost labels</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definitions-with-_0040code_007bsmode_007d-411">dynamic Metafont mode definitions with <code>smode</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dynamic-packing-variable-684">dynamic packing variable</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-e-_0040r_007bresponse-at-error-prompt_007d-209"><code>e </code><span class="roman">response at error prompt</span></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-e_002dcircumflex-299">e-circumflex</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-e_002d_0040TeX_007b_007d-354">e-TeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-e_002emft-489"><code>e.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-EC-fonts-375">EC fonts</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-EC-fonts-237">EC fonts</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-editing-of-bitmap-fonts-781">editing of bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-editor-invoked-at-error-207">editor invoked at error</a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-eight_002dbit-characters-in-filenames-221">eight-bit characters in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-empty_002etcx-313"><code>empty.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-endian-dependencies-193">endian dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-eoc-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-722"><code>eoc </code><span class="roman">GF command</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Eplain-284">Eplain</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-epsf-416"><code>epsf</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-errors_002c-editor-invoked-at-208">errors, editor invoked at</a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-horizontal-724">escapement, horizontal</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-horizontal-691">escapement, horizontal</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-vertical-726">escapement, vertical</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-etex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-508"><code>etex </code><span class="roman">for MetaPost labels</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-executables_002c-shared-initial-and-virgin-162">executables, shared initial and virgin</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-exit-status_002c-of-shell-escape-342">exit status, of shell escape</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-expanded-plain-format-286">expanded plain format</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-extensions-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-353">extensions to TeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-exit-status_002c-of-shell-escape-341">exit status, of shell escape</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-expanded-plain-format-285">expanded plain format</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-extensions-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-352">extensions to TeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> <li><a href="#index-extra_005fmem_005fbot-73"><code>extra_mem_bot</code></a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-FACE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-751"><code>FACE </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-750"><code>FAMILY </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Ferguson_002c-Michael-294">Ferguson, Michael</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-file-formats-for-fonts-662">file formats for fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-FACE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-742"><code>FACE </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-741"><code>FAMILY </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Ferguson_002c-Michael-293">Ferguson, Michael</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-file-formats-for-fonts-653">file formats for fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-file-recorder-133">file recorder</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-filename-conventions_002c-in-input-files-216">filename conventions, in input files</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-filename-conventions_002c-in-input-files-215">filename conventions, in input files</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> <li><a href="#index-filenames-starting-with-_0040samp_007b_002d_007d-94">filenames starting with ‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> <li><a href="#index-first-line-of-the-main-input-file-137">first line of the main input file</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fixed_002dpoint-arithmetic-39">fixed-point arithmetic</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-FIXPT-38"><code>FIXPT</code></a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-flag-byte-692">flag byte</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-flag-byte-683">flag byte</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-floating_002dpoint-arithmetic-40">floating-point arithmetic</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-floating_002dpoint-values-201">floating-point values</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-floating_002dpoint-values-200">floating-point values</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fmt-file_002c-determining-176">fmt file, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fmt-files-271">fmt files</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fmt-files_002c-sharing-189">fmt files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fmt-files-270">fmt files</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fmt-files_002c-sharing-188">fmt files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fmts-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-51"><code>fmts </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-font-aliases-146">font aliases</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-character-code_002c-translating-327">font character code, translating</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-design-371">font design</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-downloading-for-MetaPost-labels-515">font downloading for MetaPost labels</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-file-formats-661">font file formats</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-proofs-468">font proofs</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-utilities-656">font utilities</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-utilities_002c-non_002dWeb2c-782">font utilities, non-Web2c</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-character-code_002c-translating-326">font character code, translating</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-design-370">font design</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-downloading-for-MetaPost-labels-514">font downloading for MetaPost labels</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-file-formats-652">font file formats</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-proofs-467">font proofs</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-utilities-647">font utilities</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-utilities_002c-non_002dWeb2c-773">font utilities, non-Web2c</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> <li><a href="#index-font_005fmem_005fsize-78"><code>font_mem_size</code></a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fontforge-797"><code>fontforge</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fontinst_0040r_007b_002c-for-creating-virtual-fonts_007d-812"><code>fontinst</code><span class="roman">, for creating virtual fonts</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fontforge-788"><code>fontforge</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fontinst_0040r_007b_002c-for-creating-virtual-fonts_007d-803"><code>fontinst</code><span class="roman">, for creating virtual fonts</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-basic-30">fonts, basic</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fontutils-808"><code>fontutils</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-format-files-274">format files</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-formats-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-275">formats for TeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fontutils-799"><code>fontutils</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-format-files-273">format files</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-formats-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-274">formats for TeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-formats-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-49"><code>formats </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fraction-routines-42">fraction routines</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Free-Software-Foundation-documentation-system-284">Free Software Foundation documentation system</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Free-Software-Foundation-documentation-system-283">Free Software Foundation documentation system</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-freedom-of-Web2c-9">freedom of Web2c</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ftp_002emath_002eutah_002eedu-567"><code>ftp.math.utah.edu</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-generating-source-specials-267">generating source specials</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-geometric-designs-369">geometric designs</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-geometric-font-scaling-666">geometric font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-geometry-for-Metafont-457">geometry for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ftp_002emath_002eutah_002eedu-558"><code>ftp.math.utah.edu</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-generating-source-specials-266">generating source specials</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-geometric-designs-368">geometric designs</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-geometric-font-scaling-657">geometric font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-geometry-for-Metafont-456">geometry for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-getopt_005flong_005fonly-90"><code>getopt_long_only</code></a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF-files_002c-explained-671">GF files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-381">GF files, output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF-format-definition-660">GF format definition</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF-output-380">GF output</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF_002c-converting-PK-to-683">GF, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF_002c-converting-to-PK-680">GF, converting to PK</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gftodvi-466"><code>gftodvi</code></a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gftopk-677"><code>gftopk</code></a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gftopxl-794"><code>gftopxl</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gftype-_0040r_007bGF-validation_007d-716"><code>gftype </code><span class="roman">GF validation</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gftype_002eweb-658"><code>gftype.web</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-glue-ratio-representations-202">glue ratio representations</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF-files_002c-explained-662">GF files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-380">GF files, output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF-format-definition-651">GF format definition</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF-output-379">GF output</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF_002c-converting-PK-to-674">GF, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF_002c-converting-to-PK-671">GF, converting to PK</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gftodvi-465"><code>gftodvi</code></a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gftopk-668"><code>gftopk</code></a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gftopxl-785"><code>gftopxl</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gftype-_0040r_007bGF-validation_007d-707"><code>gftype </code><span class="roman">GF validation</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gftype_002eweb-649"><code>gftype.web</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-glue-ratio-representations-201">glue ratio representations</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-glue_002c-memory-for-75">glue, memory for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-glyph-substitutions-297">glyph substitutions</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gray-font-470">gray font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-glyph-substitutions-296">glyph substitutions</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gray-font-469">gray font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Gruff_002c-Billy-Goat-61">Gruff, Billy Goat</a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gsftopk-801"><code>gsftopk</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Harbison_002c-Samuel-P_002e-206">Harbison, Samuel P.</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hardware-and-memory-dumps-186">hardware and memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gsftopk-792"><code>gsftopk</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Harbison_002c-Samuel-P_002e-205">Harbison, Samuel P.</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hardware-and-memory-dumps-185">hardware and memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-hash-table_002c-increasing-size-of-82">hash table, increasing size of</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-hash_005fextra-80"><code>hash_extra</code></a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-headerbyte-_0040r_007binformation_007d-752"><code>headerbyte </code><span class="roman">information</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-height_002c-in-pixels-703">height, in pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-headerbyte-_0040r_007binformation_007d-743"><code>headerbyte </code><span class="roman">information</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-height_002c-in-pixels-694">height, in pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-help_002c-online-97">help, online</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Henry_002c-Patrick-11">Henry, Patrick</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Herberts_002c-Mathias-418">Herberts, Mathias</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hex-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-323">hex character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Herberts_002c-Mathias-417">Herberts, Mathias</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hex-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-322">hex character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-history-12">history</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Hobby_002c-John-4">Hobby, John</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-horizontal-escapement-732">horizontal escapement</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-horizontal-escapement-699">horizontal escapement</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hp2627-420"><code>hp2627</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human-languages_002c-supported-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-290">human languages, supported in TeX</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-638">human-readable text, converting DVI to</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-GF-to-719">human-readable text, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-PK-to-688">human-readable text, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-746">human-readable text, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-VF-to-775">human-readable text, converting VF to</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hypertext-362">hypertext</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hyphenation-and-languages-291">hyphenation and languages</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hyphenation-patterns_002c-creating-331">hyphenation patterns, creating</a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-horizontal-escapement-723">horizontal escapement</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-horizontal-escapement-690">horizontal escapement</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hp2627-419"><code>hp2627</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human-languages_002c-supported-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-289">human languages, supported in TeX</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-629">human-readable text, converting DVI to</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-GF-to-710">human-readable text, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-PK-to-679">human-readable text, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-737">human-readable text, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-VF-to-766">human-readable text, converting VF to</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hypertext-361">hypertext</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hyphenation-and-languages-290">hyphenation and languages</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hyphenation-patterns_002c-creating-330">hyphenation patterns, creating</a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-ice-cream-10">ice cream</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-identifier-case-601">identifier case</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-identifier-collisions-606">identifier collisions</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-identifier-length-597">identifier length</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-identifiers-with-underlines-603">identifiers with underlines</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ieeetr_002ebst-578"><code>ieeetr.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-il1_002dt1_002etcx-312"><code>il1-t1.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-il2_002dt1_002etcx-313"><code>il2-t1.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info-format-283">Info format</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-identifier-case-592">identifier case</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-identifier-collisions-597">identifier collisions</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-identifier-length-588">identifier length</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-identifiers-with-underlines-594">identifiers with underlines</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ieeetr_002ebst-569"><code>ieeetr.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-il1_002dt1_002etcx-311"><code>il1-t1.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-il2_002dt1_002etcx-312"><code>il2-t1.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info-format-282">Info format</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-initial-form_002c-enabling-114">initial form, enabling</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-initial-Metafont-391">initial Metafont</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-initial-MetaPost-525">initial MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-initial-Metafont-390">initial Metafont</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-initial-MetaPost-524">initial MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> <li><a href="#index-initial-programs-166">initial programs</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-initial-_0040TeX_007b_007d-268">initial TeX</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-initial-_0040TeX_007b_007d-267">initial TeX</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-initializations_002c-lengthy-167">initializations, lengthy</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-input-filenames-215">input filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-input-filenames-214">input filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> <li><a href="#index-install_002dbases-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-54"><code>install-bases </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-install_002dfmts-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-52"><code>install-fmts </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-install_002dformats-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-50"><code>install-formats </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-install_002dmems-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-56"><code>install-mems </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-installation-26">installation</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-interaction-between-TCX-files-and-_0040samp_007b_002d8bit_007d_002e-329">interaction between TCX files and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’.</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-interaction-between-TCX-files-and-_0040samp_007b_002d8bit_007d_002e-328">interaction between TCX files and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’.</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-interaction-mode-116">interaction mode</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-international-characters-308">international characters</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-international-characters-307">international characters</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-introduction-1">introduction</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-IPC-350">IPC</a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-IPC_005fDEBUG-352"><code>IPC_DEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-IPC-349">IPC</a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-IPC_005fDEBUG-351"><code>IPC_DEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-IPC_005fDEBUG-43"><code>IPC_DEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-job-name-118">job name</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-kerning-table_002c-in-TFM-files-760">kerning table, in TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-keyboard-character-code_002c-translating-328">keyboard character code, translating</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-483">Knuth, Donald E.</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-kerning-table_002c-in-TFM-files-751">kerning table, in TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-keyboard-character-code_002c-translating-327">keyboard character code, translating</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-482">Knuth, Donald E.</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-2">Knuth, Donald E.</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="#index-KPATHSEA_005fDEBUG-120"><code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-KRN-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-758"><code>KRN </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-label-font-472">label font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-LABEL-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-756"><code>LABEL </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-language-support-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-289">language support in TeX</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-languages_002c-hyphenation-rules-for-332">languages, hyphenation rules for</a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-278">LaTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Latin-Modern-789">Latin Modern</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-left-side-bearing-726">left side bearing</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-left-side-bearing-712">left side bearing</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-legalisms-813">legalisms</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-KRN-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-749"><code>KRN </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-label-font-471">label font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-LABEL-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-747"><code>LABEL </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-language-support-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-288">language support in TeX</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-languages_002c-hyphenation-rules-for-331">languages, hyphenation rules for</a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-277">LaTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Latin-Modern-780">Latin Modern</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-left-side-bearing-717">left side bearing</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-left-side-bearing-703">left side bearing</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-legalisms-804">legalisms</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> <li><a href="#index-licensing-terms-8">licensing terms</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-LIG-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-757"><code>LIG </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ligature-table_002c-in-TFM-files-759">ligature table, in TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-LIGTABLE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-755"><code>LIGTABLE </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-LIG-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-748"><code>LIG </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ligature-table_002c-in-TFM-files-750">ligature table, in TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-LIGTABLE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-746"><code>LIGTABLE </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-linking-binaries-130">linking binaries</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-links-to-binaries-185">links to binaries</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-literate-programming-582">literate programming</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-LittleEndian-machines-192">LittleEndian machines</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-log-file_002c-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-550">log file, BibTeX</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Lua-364">Lua</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-lua_0040TeX_007b_007d-363">luaTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-machine-dependencies-195">machine dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-781">machine-readable, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-770">machine-readable, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MacKay_002c-Pierre-675">MacKay, Pierre</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-macro-packages_002c-major-_0040TeX_007b_007d-277">macro packages, major TeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-links-to-binaries-184">links to binaries</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-literate-programming-573">literate programming</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-LittleEndian-machines-191">LittleEndian machines</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-log-file_002c-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-541">log file, BibTeX</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Lua-363">Lua</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-lua_0040TeX_007b_007d-362">luaTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-machine-dependencies-194">machine dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-772">machine-readable, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-761">machine-readable, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MacKay_002c-Pierre-666">MacKay, Pierre</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-macro-packages_002c-major-_0040TeX_007b_007d-276">macro packages, major TeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-macros_002c-basic-31">macros, basic</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-macros_002c-predefining-in-memory-dumps-170">macros, predefining in memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-magnification-643">magnification</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-magnification-628">magnification</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-magnification-634">magnification</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-magnification-619">magnification</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-main_005fmemory-72"><code>main_memory</code></a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Make-targets_002c-additional-46">Make targets, additional</a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Martin_002c-Rick-20">Martin, Rick</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Mathematical-Reviews-281">Mathematical Reviews</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mathematical-typesetting-230">mathematical typesetting</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Mathematical-Reviews-280">Mathematical Reviews</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mathematical-typesetting-229">mathematical typesetting</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mem-file_002c-determining-178">mem file, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mem-files-528">mem files</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mem-files_002c-plain-only-531">mem files, plain only</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mem-files_002c-sharing-191">mem files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mem-files_002c-sharing-190">mem files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-memory-dump-to-use_002c-determining-175">memory dump to use, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> <li><a href="#index-memory-dumps-168">memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps-and-hardware-187">memory dumps and hardware</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps_002c-contain-date-and-time-205">memory dumps, contain date and time</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps-and-hardware-186">memory dumps and hardware</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps_002c-contain-date-and-time-204">memory dumps, contain date and time</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-memory-dumps_002c-creating-172">memory dumps, creating</a>: <a href="#Creating-memory-dumps">Creating memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mems-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-55"><code>mems </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-meta-characters-in-filenames-223">meta characters in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-367">Metafont</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-geometry-458">Metafont geometry</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-graphics-414">Metafont graphics</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-input-files-375">Metafont input files</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-invocation-373">Metafont invocation</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-meets-PostScript-495">Metafont meets PostScript</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-online-support_002c-new-devices-463">Metafont online support, new devices</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-source_002c-prettyprinting-478">Metafont source, prettyprinting</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-532">Metafont, compatibility in MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont_002c-initial-392">Metafont, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-meta-characters-in-filenames-222">meta characters in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-366">Metafont</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-geometry-457">Metafont geometry</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-graphics-413">Metafont graphics</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-input-files-374">Metafont input files</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-invocation-372">Metafont invocation</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-meets-PostScript-494">Metafont meets PostScript</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-online-support_002c-new-devices-462">Metafont online support, new devices</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-source_002c-prettyprinting-477">Metafont source, prettyprinting</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-526">Metafont, compatibility in MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont_002c-initial-391">Metafont, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Metafont_002c-MetaPost_002c-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-160">Metafont, MetaPost, and TeX</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaFun_002c-enhanced-MetaPost-537">MetaFun, enhanced MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-metafun_002emp-536"><code>metafun.mp</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-493">MetaPost</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-and-plain-Metafont-compatibility-534">MetaPost and plain Metafont compatibility</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-input-files-501">MetaPost input files</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-invocation-497">MetaPost invocation</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-source_002c-prettyprinting-492">MetaPost source, prettyprinting</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost_002c-initial-526">MetaPost, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-492">MetaPost</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-and-plain-Metafont-compatibility-528">MetaPost and plain Metafont compatibility</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-input-files-500">MetaPost input files</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-invocation-496">MetaPost invocation</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-source_002c-prettyprinting-491">MetaPost source, prettyprinting</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost_002c-initial-525">MetaPost, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> <li><a href="#index-MetaPost_002c-_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-and-Metafont-161">MetaPost, TeX, and Metafont</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-metatype1-788"><code>metatype1</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mf-372"><code>mf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mf_002ebase-396"><code>mf.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MFEDIT-212"><code>MFEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mfplain_002emem-535"><code>mfplain.mem</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mfput-379"><code>mfput</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mft-477"><code>mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mftalk-422"><code>mftalk</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MFTERM-415"><code>MFTERM</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mftmac_002etex-481"><code>mftmac.tex</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-micro_002dtypography-361">micro-typography</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mktexmf_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-377"><code>mktexmf</code><span class="roman">, disabling</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mktextfM_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-239"><code>mktextfM</code><span class="roman">, disabling</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mltex-292"><code>mltex</code></a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-enabling-256">MLTeX, enabling</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mode-needed-to-run-Metafont-385">mode needed to run Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mode_005fdef-409"><code>mode_def</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mode_005fsetup-410"><code>mode_setup</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-modes-file-needed-for-Metafont-403">modes file needed for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-modes_002emf-_0040r_007brecommended-modes-file_007d-407"><code>modes.mf </code><span class="roman">recommended modes file</span></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-metatype1-779"><code>metatype1</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mf-371"><code>mf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mf_002ebase-395"><code>mf.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MFEDIT-211"><code>MFEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mfplain-529"><code>mfplain</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mfput-378"><code>mfput</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mft-476"><code>mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mftalk-421"><code>mftalk</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MFTERM-414"><code>MFTERM</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mftmac_002etex-480"><code>mftmac.tex</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-micro_002dtypography-360">micro-typography</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mktexmf_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-376"><code>mktexmf</code><span class="roman">, disabling</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mktextfM_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-238"><code>mktextfM</code><span class="roman">, disabling</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mltex-291"><code>mltex</code></a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-enabling-255">MLTeX, enabling</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mode-needed-to-run-Metafont-384">mode needed to run Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mode_005fdef-408"><code>mode_def</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mode_005fsetup-409"><code>mode_setup</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-modes-file-needed-for-Metafont-402">modes file needed for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-modes_002emf-_0040r_007brecommended-modes-file_007d-406"><code>modes.mf </code><span class="roman">recommended modes file</span></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Morgan_002c-Tim-16">Morgan, Tim</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Morris_002c-Bob-21">Morris, Bob</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MPEDIT-213"><code>MPEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mpgraph_002eps-499"><code>mpgraph.ps</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mpman_002eps-498"><code>mpman.ps</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mpost-496"><code>mpost</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MPEDIT-212"><code>MPEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mpgraph_002eps-498"><code>mpgraph.ps</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mpman_002eps-497"><code>mpman.ps</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mpost-495"><code>mpost</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mpost_0040r_007b_002c-reason-for-name-change_007d-27"><code>mpost</code><span class="roman">, reason for name change</span></a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mpost_002emem-530"><code>mpost.mem</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mpout-505"><code>mpout</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mproof_002etex-513"><code>mproof.tex</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mpout-504"><code>mpout</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mproof_002etex-512"><code>mproof.tex</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mptrap-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-60"><code>mptrap </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mptrap-test-64">mptrap test</a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mptrap_002ereadme-68"><code>mptrap.readme</code></a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MPX-files_002c-converting-from-DVI-files-541">MPX files, converting from DVI files</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Multi_002dlingual-_0040TeX_007b_007d-293">Multi-lingual TeX</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-N-tilde-301">N tilde</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-new-graphics-support-for-Metafont-464">new graphics support for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-newrow-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-730"><code>newrow </code><span class="roman">GF command</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-next-424"><code>next</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-NO_005fX11WIN-442"><code>NO_X11WIN</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MPX-files_002c-converting-from-DVI-files-532">MPX files, converting from DVI files</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Multi_002dlingual-_0040TeX_007b_007d-292">Multi-lingual TeX</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-N-tilde-300">N tilde</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-new-graphics-support-for-Metafont-463">new graphics support for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-newrow-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-721"><code>newrow </code><span class="roman">GF command</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-next-423"><code>next</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-NO_005fX11WIN-441"><code>NO_X11WIN</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-non_002dUnix-system_002c-compiling-on-48">non-Unix system, compiling on</a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-non_002dwindows_002dcapable-Metafont-453">non-windows-capable Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-NUL_002c-not-allowed-in-filenames-221">NUL, not allowed in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-octal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-322">octal character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-offset-for-overflow-labels-476">offset for overflow labels</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-online-Metafont-graphics-413">online Metafont graphics</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-opcodes_002c-showing-DVI-652">opcodes, showing DVI</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-optical-font-scaling-665">optical font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-non_002dwindows_002dcapable-Metafont-452">non-windows-capable Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-NUL_002c-not-allowed-in-filenames-220">NUL, not allowed in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-octal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-321">octal character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-offset-for-overflow-labels-475">offset for overflow labels</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-online-Metafont-graphics-412">online Metafont graphics</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-opcodes_002c-showing-DVI-643">opcodes, showing DVI</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-optical-font-scaling-656">optical font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-option-conventions-88">option conventions</a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-origin-709">origin</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-origin-700">origin</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-output-directory_002c-specifying-153">output directory, specifying</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> <li><a href="#index-output-directory_002c-specifying-124">output directory, specifying</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-output-file-location-149">output file location</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-output-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-243">output files, written by TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-output_005fcomment-_0040r_007bfor-DVI-files_007d-259"><code>output_comment </code><span class="roman">for DVI files</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-overflow-label-offset-475">overflow label offset</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-packet-length-695">packet length</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-page_002c-starting-649">page, starting</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-page_002c-starting-633">page, starting</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-output-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-242">output files, written by TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-output_005fcomment-_0040r_007bfor-DVI-files_007d-258"><code>output_comment </code><span class="roman">for DVI files</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-overflow-label-offset-474">overflow label offset</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-packet-length-686">packet length</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-page_002c-starting-640">page, starting</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-page_002c-starting-624">page, starting</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-parsing-the-first-line-127">parsing the first line</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Pascal_002c-creating-from-WEB-591">Pascal, creating from WEB</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-patgen-330"><code>patgen</code></a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Pascal_002c-creating-from-WEB-582">Pascal, creating from WEB</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-patgen-329"><code>patgen</code></a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-path-searching-143">path searching</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> <li><a href="#index-path-searching-debugging-122">path searching debugging</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PDF-360">PDF</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PDF_002c-and-_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-518">PDF, and <code>.mps</code> files</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pdf_0040TeX_007b_007d-359">pdfTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-permissions_002c-legal-815">permissions, legal</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PFA-and-PFB-conversion-804">PFA and PFB conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pfaedit-798"><code>pfaedit</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PDF-359">PDF</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PDF_002c-and-_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-517">PDF, and <code>.mps</code> files</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pdf_0040TeX_007b_007d-358">pdfTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-permissions_002c-legal-806">permissions, legal</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PFA-and-PFB-conversion-795">PFA and PFB conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pfaedit-789"><code>pfaedit</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> <li><a href="#index-PiC_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-increasing-memory-for-77">PiCTeX, increasing memory for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pipes_002c-reading-and-writing-344">pipes, reading and writing</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pixel-height-704">pixel height</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pixel-width-705">pixel width</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK-bitmaps-from-PostScript-799">PK bitmaps from PostScript</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK-files_002c-explained-670">PK files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK-files_002c-not-output-by-Metafont-382">PK files, not output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK-format-definition-659">PK format definition</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK_002c-converting-GF-to-679">PK, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK_002c-converting-to-GF-684">PK, converting to GF</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pktogf-681"><code>pktogf</code></a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pktype-_0040r_007bPK-validation_007d-685"><code>pktype </code><span class="roman">PK validation</span></a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pktype_002eweb-657"><code>pktype.web</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PL-files_002c-explained-672">PL files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-533">plain Metafont, compatibility in MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-637">plain text, converting DVI to</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-GF-to-718">plain text, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-PK-to-687">plain text, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-747">plain text, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-VF-to-776">plain text, converting VF to</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain_002ebase-395"><code>plain.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain_002ebst-573"><code>plain.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain_002efmt-272"><code>plain.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain_002emem-529"><code>plain.mem</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain_002emft-488"><code>plain.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pltotf-767"><code>pltotf</code></a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pool-file_002c-writing-594">pool file, writing</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Poole_002c-Simon-438">Poole, Simon</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pooltype-616"><code>pooltype</code></a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-portable-filenames-224">portable filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-fonts_002c-and-Troff-510">PostScript fonts, and Troff</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-meets-Metafont-494">PostScript meets Metafont</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-output-507">PostScript output</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-to-PK-bitmaps-800">PostScript to PK bitmaps</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-Type-1-font-conversion-805">PostScript Type 1 font conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript_002c-and-font-scaling-667">PostScript, and font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-potrace-810"><code>potrace</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Pragma-ADE-538">Pragma ADE</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pipes_002c-reading-and-writing-343">pipes, reading and writing</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pixel-height-695">pixel height</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pixel-width-696">pixel width</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK-bitmaps-from-PostScript-790">PK bitmaps from PostScript</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK-files_002c-explained-661">PK files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK-files_002c-not-output-by-Metafont-381">PK files, not output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK-format-definition-650">PK format definition</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK_002c-converting-GF-to-670">PK, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK_002c-converting-to-GF-675">PK, converting to GF</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pktogf-672"><code>pktogf</code></a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pktype-_0040r_007bPK-validation_007d-676"><code>pktype </code><span class="roman">PK validation</span></a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pktype_002eweb-648"><code>pktype.web</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PL-files_002c-explained-663">PL files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-527">plain Metafont, compatibility in MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-628">plain text, converting DVI to</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-GF-to-709">plain text, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-PK-to-678">plain text, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-738">plain text, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-VF-to-767">plain text, converting VF to</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain_002ebase-394"><code>plain.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain_002ebst-564"><code>plain.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain_002efmt-271"><code>plain.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain_002emft-487"><code>plain.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pltotf-758"><code>pltotf</code></a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pool-file_002c-writing-585">pool file, writing</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Poole_002c-Simon-437">Poole, Simon</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pooltype-607"><code>pooltype</code></a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-portable-filenames-223">portable filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-fonts_002c-and-Troff-509">PostScript fonts, and Troff</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-meets-Metafont-493">PostScript meets Metafont</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-output-506">PostScript output</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-to-PK-bitmaps-791">PostScript to PK bitmaps</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-Type-1-font-conversion-796">PostScript Type 1 font conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript_002c-and-font-scaling-658">PostScript, and font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-potrace-801"><code>potrace</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> <li><a href="#index-predefined-macros-and-memory-dumps-171">predefined macros and memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-prettyprinting-Metafont-source-479">prettyprinting Metafont source</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-prettyprinting-WEB-programs-610">prettyprinting WEB programs</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-primitives_002c-new-356">primitives, new</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-printable-characters_002c-specifying-325">printable characters, specifying</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-printer-characteristics_002c-for-Metafont-406">printer characteristics, for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-prettyprinting-Metafont-source-478">prettyprinting Metafont source</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-prettyprinting-WEB-programs-601">prettyprinting WEB programs</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-primitives_002c-new-355">primitives, new</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-printable-characters_002c-specifying-324">printable characters, specifying</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-printer-characteristics_002c-for-Metafont-405">printer characteristics, for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> <li><a href="#index-production-use-165">production use</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-program-name_002c-determines-memory-dump-184">program name, determines memory dump</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-program-names_002c-special-257">program names, special</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-program-name_002c-determines-memory-dump-183">program name, determines memory dump</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-program-names_002c-special-256">program names, special</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-program-names_002c-special-113">program names, special</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-prologues-523"><code>prologues</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-prologues_0040r_007b_002c-and-EPSF-output_007d-516"><code>prologues</code><span class="roman">, and EPSF output</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-proof-_0040r_007bmode_007d-386"><code>proof </code><span class="roman">mode</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-proof-sheets_002c-of-fonts-469">proof sheets, of fonts</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-property-list-format-749">property list format</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-property-list_002c-converting-TFM-to-745">property list, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-property-list_002c-converting-VF-to-virtual-774">property list, converting VF to virtual</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ps2pk-802"><code>ps2pk</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-psfonts_002emap_0040r_007b_002c-read-by-MetaPost_007d-517"><code>psfonts.map</code><span class="roman">, read by MetaPost</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PXL-files_002c-explained-669">PXL files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pxtoch-796"><code>pxtoch</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Raichle_002c-Bernd-295">Raichle, Bernd</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-prologues-522"><code>prologues</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-prologues_0040r_007b_002c-and-EPSF-output_007d-515"><code>prologues</code><span class="roman">, and EPSF output</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-proof-_0040r_007bmode_007d-385"><code>proof </code><span class="roman">mode</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-proof-sheets_002c-of-fonts-468">proof sheets, of fonts</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-property-list-format-740">property list format</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-property-list_002c-converting-TFM-to-736">property list, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-property-list_002c-converting-VF-to-virtual-765">property list, converting VF to virtual</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ps2pk-793"><code>ps2pk</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-psfonts_002emap_0040r_007b_002c-read-by-MetaPost_007d-516"><code>psfonts.map</code><span class="roman">, read by MetaPost</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PXL-files_002c-explained-660">PXL files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pxtoch-787"><code>pxtoch</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Raichle_002c-Bernd-294">Raichle, Bernd</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-reading_002c-additional-23">reading, additional</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="#index-readonly-directory_002c-running-_0040TeX_007b_007d-in-154">readonly directory, running TeX in</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> <li><a href="#index-reallocation-of-arrays-85">reallocation of arrays</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-redefined-character-substitutions-303">redefined character substitutions</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-reference-pixel-710">reference pixel</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-references-816">references</a>: <a href="#References">References</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-regis-427"><code>regis</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Regis-graphics-support-429">Regis graphics support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-regression-testing-261">regression testing</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-repeated-rows-715">repeated rows</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-representation-of-strings-620">representation of strings</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-restricted-shell-escapes-335">restricted shell escapes</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-right-side-bearing-727">right side bearing</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-right-side-bearing-713">right side bearing</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-redefined-character-substitutions-302">redefined character substitutions</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-reference-pixel-701">reference pixel</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-references-807">references</a>: <a href="#References">References</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-regis-426"><code>regis</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Regis-graphics-support-428">Regis graphics support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-regression-testing-260">regression testing</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-repeated-rows-706">repeated rows</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-representation-of-strings-611">representation of strings</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-restricted-shell-escapes-334">restricted shell escapes</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-right-side-bearing-718">right side bearing</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-right-side-bearing-704">right side bearing</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Rokicki_002c-Tomas-13">Rokicki, Tomas</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-729">run length encoded bitmaps</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-714">run length encoded bitmaps</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-720">run length encoded bitmaps</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-705">run length encoded bitmaps</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-runtime-options-69">runtime options</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-scaled-pixels-736">scaled pixels</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-scaled-pixels-701">scaled pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-scaling-of-fonts-664">scaling of fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-scanned-images-of-fonts-806">scanned images of fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005copenout_007d-242">security, and <code>\openout</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-output-files-246">security, and output files</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-shell-escapes-334">security, and shell escapes</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007bwrite_007d-520">security, and <code>write</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-shapes-370">shapes</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-sharing-memory-dumps-188">sharing memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-shell-commands-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-333">shell commands in TeX</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-shell_005fescape-_0040r_007benabling-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-337"><code>shell_escape </code><span class="roman">enabling in TeX</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-shell_005fescape_005fcommands-343"><code>shell_escape_commands</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-siam_002ebst-579"><code>siam.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-side-bearings-728">side bearings</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-side-bearings-711">side bearings</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-slant-font-473">slant font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-slides_002c-producing-288">slides, producing</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Sli_0040TeX_007b_007d-287">SliTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-small-Metafont-memory-and-modes-408">small Metafont memory and modes</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-smode-_0040r_007band-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definition_007d-411"><code>smode </code><span class="roman">and dynamic Metafont mode definition</span></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-sockets-351">sockets</a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-space_002dterminated-filenames-218">space-terminated filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Spiderweb-584">Spiderweb</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-scaled-pixels-727">scaled pixels</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-scaled-pixels-692">scaled pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-scaling-of-fonts-655">scaling of fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-scanned-images-of-fonts-797">scanned images of fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005copenout_007d-241">security, and <code>\openout</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-output-files-245">security, and output files</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-shell-escapes-333">security, and shell escapes</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007bwrite_007d-519">security, and <code>write</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-shapes-369">shapes</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-sharing-memory-dumps-187">sharing memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-shell-commands-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-332">shell commands in TeX</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-shell_005fescape-_0040r_007benabling-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-336"><code>shell_escape </code><span class="roman">enabling in TeX</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-shell_005fescape_005fcommands-342"><code>shell_escape_commands</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-siam_002ebst-570"><code>siam.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-side-bearings-719">side bearings</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-side-bearings-702">side bearings</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-slant-font-472">slant font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-slides_002c-producing-287">slides, producing</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Sli_0040TeX_007b_007d-286">SliTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-small-Metafont-memory-and-modes-407">small Metafont memory and modes</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-smode-_0040r_007band-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definition_007d-410"><code>smode </code><span class="roman">and dynamic Metafont mode definition</span></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-sockets-350">sockets</a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-space_002dterminated-filenames-217">space-terminated filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Spiderweb-575">Spiderweb</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Stallman_002c-Richard-22">Stallman, Richard</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-starting-page-648">starting page</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-starting-page-632">starting page</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Steele-Jr_002e_002c-Guy-L_002e-207">Steele Jr., Guy L.</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-starting-page-639">starting page</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-starting-page-623">starting page</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Steele-Jr_002e_002c-Guy-L_002e-206">Steele Jr., Guy L.</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-stopping-at-the-first-error-111">stopping at the first error</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-strategy_002c-overall-7">strategy, overall</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-string-numbers_002c-displaying-618">string numbers, displaying</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-string-pool_002c-writing-595">string pool, writing</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-string-representation-621">string representation</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-style-design_002c-for-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-564">style design, for BibTeX</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-style-files-487">style files</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-substitutions-of-font-glyphs-298">substitutions of font glyphs</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-sun-430"><code>sun</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-sun_002dgfx_002ec-434"><code>sun-gfx.c</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Suntools-432">Suntools</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-SunView-431">SunView</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-string-numbers_002c-displaying-609">string numbers, displaying</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-string-pool_002c-writing-586">string pool, writing</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-string-representation-612">string representation</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-style-design_002c-for-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-555">style design, for BibTeX</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-style-files-486">style files</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-substitutions-of-font-glyphs-297">substitutions of font glyphs</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-sun-429"><code>sun</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-sun_002dgfx_002ec-433"><code>sun-gfx.c</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Suntools-431">Suntools</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-SunView-430">SunView</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-swap-space_002c-as-array-limit-84">swap space, as array limit</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-swapping-bytes-200">swapping bytes</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-syntax-of-TCX-files-317">syntax of TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-system-_0040r_007bC-library-function_007d-340"><code>system </code><span class="roman">C library function</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-system-command-336">system command</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-T1-encoding-and-ISO-input-316">T1 encoding and ISO input</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Tachikawa_002c-Elizabeth-676">Tachikawa, Elizabeth</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tangle-590"><code>tangle</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-swapping-bytes-199">swapping bytes</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-syntax-of-TCX-files-316">syntax of TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-system-_0040r_007bC-library-function_007d-339"><code>system </code><span class="roman">C library function</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-system-command-335">system command</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-T1-encoding-and-ISO-input-315">T1 encoding and ISO input</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Tachikawa_002c-Elizabeth-667">Tachikawa, Elizabeth</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tangle-581"><code>tangle</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-targets_002c-additional-Make-45">targets, additional Make</a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TCX-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-305"><code>TCX </code><span class="roman">character translation files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tek-435"><code>tek</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Tektronix-436">Tektronix</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Tektronix-4014-440">Tektronix 4014</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TERM-416"><code>TERM</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-terminator-for-filenames-220">terminator for filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-terse-output-557">terse output</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tex-233"><code>tex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-bibliographies-for-570">TeX, bibliographies for</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-Metafont-480">TeX, creating from Metafont</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-WEB-608">TeX, creating from WEB</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-description-of-228">TeX, description of</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-extensions-to-354">TeX, extensions to</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-format-packages-for-276">TeX, format packages for</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-initial-269">TeX, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-input-files-found-236">TeX, input files found</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-invocation-234">TeX, invocation</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TCX-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-304"><code>TCX </code><span class="roman">character translation files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tek-434"><code>tek</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Tektronix-435">Tektronix</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Tektronix-4014-439">Tektronix 4014</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TERM-415"><code>TERM</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-terminator-for-filenames-219">terminator for filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-terse-output-548">terse output</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tex-232"><code>tex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-bibliographies-for-561">TeX, bibliographies for</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-Metafont-479">TeX, creating from Metafont</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-WEB-599">TeX, creating from WEB</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-description-of-227">TeX, description of</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-extensions-to-353">TeX, extensions to</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-format-packages-for-275">TeX, format packages for</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-initial-268">TeX, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-input-files-found-235">TeX, input files found</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-invocation-233">TeX, invocation</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-Metafont_002c-and-MetaPost-159">TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-Web2c-implementation-of-3">TeX, Web2c implementation of</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tex_002efmt-273"><code>tex.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXBIB_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-553"><code>TEXBIB</code><span class="roman">, search path for bib files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXEDIT-211"><code>TEXEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tex_002efmt-272"><code>tex.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXBIB_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-544"><code>TEXBIB</code><span class="roman">, search path for bib files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXEDIT-210"><code>TEXEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-texfonts_002emap-148"><code>texfonts.map</code></a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Texinfo-282">Texinfo</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Texinfo-281">Texinfo</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-texmf_002ecnf-144"><code>texmf.cnf</code></a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-texmfmp_002ec-465"><code>texmfmp.c</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-texmfmp_002ec-464"><code>texmfmp.c</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-reading_007d-157"><code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code><span class="roman">, used for reading</span></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> <li><a href="#index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-if-_0040samp_007b_002e_007d-unwritable_007d-155"><code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code><span class="roman">, used if ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">.</span></samp><span class="roman">’ unwritable</span></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-texput-237"><code>texput</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-769">TFM files, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-explained-663">TFM files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-texput-236"><code>texput</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-760">TFM files, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-explained-654">TFM files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-memory-for-79">TFM files, memory for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-384">TFM files, output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-MetaPost-506">TFM files, output by MetaPost</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-width-of-characters-739">TFM width of characters</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-width-of-characters-696">TFM width of characters</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tftopl-742"><code>tftopl</code></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-383">TFM files, output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-MetaPost-505">TFM files, output by MetaPost</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-width-of-characters-730">TFM width of characters</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-width-of-characters-687">TFM width of characters</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tftopl-733"><code>tftopl</code></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-three-programs-158">three programs</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-time-and-date_002c-in-memory-dumps-204">time and date, in memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-title-font-471">title font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-toolkits_002c-X-448">toolkits, X</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-time-and-date_002c-in-memory-dumps-203">time and date, in memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-title-font-470">title font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-toolkits_002c-X-447">toolkits, X</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-torture-tests-65">torture tests</a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> <li><a href="#index-translation-file-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-specifying-135">translation file for TeX, specifying</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-translation-from-WEB-to-C-6">translation from WEB to C</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> @@ -4672,75 +4649,75 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <li><a href="#index-trip-test-62">trip test</a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> <li><a href="#index-tripman_002etex-66"><code>tripman.tex</code></a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> <li><a href="#index-triptrap-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-57"><code>triptrap </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Troff_002c-and-MetaPost-511">Troff, and MetaPost</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Troff_002c-WEB-for-589">Troff, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Trojan-horses-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-244">Trojan horses and TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TUGboat-bibliography-569">TUGboat bibliography</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Type-1-conversion-803">Type 1 conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-type-design_002c-personal-402">type design, personal</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-DVI-639">type programs, DVI</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-GF-720">type programs, GF</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-PK-689">type programs, PK</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-pool-617">type programs, pool</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-typeface-families-368">typeface families</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-typeface-specimen-sheets-807">typeface specimen sheets</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-typesetting-229">typesetting</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Unicode-358">Unicode</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Unicode-input-248">Unicode input</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-uniterm-439"><code>uniterm</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-unsrt_002ebst-580"><code>unsrt.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Troff_002c-and-MetaPost-510">Troff, and MetaPost</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Troff_002c-WEB-for-580">Troff, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Trojan-horses-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-243">Trojan horses and TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TUGboat-bibliography-560">TUGboat bibliography</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Type-1-conversion-794">Type 1 conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-type-design_002c-personal-401">type design, personal</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-DVI-630">type programs, DVI</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-GF-711">type programs, GF</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-PK-680">type programs, PK</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-pool-608">type programs, pool</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-typeface-families-367">typeface families</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-typeface-specimen-sheets-798">typeface specimen sheets</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-typesetting-228">typesetting</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Unicode-357">Unicode</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Unicode-input-247">Unicode input</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-uniterm-438"><code>uniterm</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-unsrt_002ebst-571"><code>unsrt.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-using-local-codepage-to-display-messages-142">using local codepage to display messages</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-UTF_002d8-input-249">UTF-8 input</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-DVI-files-640">validation, of DVI files</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-GF-files-721">validation, of GF files</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-PK-files-690">validation, of PK files</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-TFM-files-744">validation, of TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-VF-files-773">validation, of VF files</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-verbose-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-output_002c-suppressing-558">verbose BibTeX output, suppressing</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-UTF_002d8-input-248">UTF-8 input</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-DVI-files-631">validation, of DVI files</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-GF-files-712">validation, of GF files</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-PK-files-681">validation, of PK files</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-TFM-files-735">validation, of TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-VF-files-764">validation, of VF files</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-verbose-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-output_002c-suppressing-549">verbose BibTeX output, suppressing</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-verbosity_002c-enabling-99">verbosity, enabling</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-version-number_002c-finding-101">version number, finding</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-vertical-escapement-734">vertical escapement</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-VF-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-780">VF files, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-vftovp-771"><code>vftovp</code></a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-vertical-escapement-725">vertical escapement</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-VF-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-771">VF files, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-vftovp-762"><code>vftovp</code></a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-virgin-programs-164">virgin programs</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtual-font-creation-811">virtual font creation</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtual-fonts_002c-expanding-626">virtual fonts, expanding</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtual_002dfonts_002eknuth-673"><code>virtual-fonts.knuth</code></a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtualfonts_002etxt-674"><code>virtualfonts.txt</code></a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-vptovf-778"><code>vptovf</code></a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-weave-607"><code>weave</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-WEB-581">WEB</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-web-environments_002c-and-security-349">web environments, and security</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-WEB-pool-files_002c-displaying-619">WEB pool files, displaying</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-WEB-programs_002c-compiling-592">WEB programs, compiling</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-WEB-programs_002c-typesetting-609">WEB programs, typesetting</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-WEB2C_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-TCX-files_007d-311"><code>WEB2C</code><span class="roman">, search path for TCX files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtual-font-creation-802">virtual font creation</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtual-fonts_002c-expanding-617">virtual fonts, expanding</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtual_002dfonts_002eknuth-664"><code>virtual-fonts.knuth</code></a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtualfonts_002etxt-665"><code>virtualfonts.txt</code></a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-vptovf-769"><code>vptovf</code></a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-weave-598"><code>weave</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-WEB-572">WEB</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-web-environments_002c-and-security-348">web environments, and security</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-WEB-pool-files_002c-displaying-610">WEB pool files, displaying</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-WEB-programs_002c-compiling-583">WEB programs, compiling</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-WEB-programs_002c-typesetting-600">WEB programs, typesetting</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-WEB2C_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-TCX-files_007d-310"><code>WEB2C</code><span class="roman">, search path for TCX files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Weber_002c-Olaf-18">Weber, Olaf</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-webmac_002etex-615"><code>webmac.tex</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-webman_002etex-583"><code>webman.tex</code></a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-whitespace_002c-in-TCX-files-319">whitespace, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-whitespace_002dterminated-filenames-219">whitespace-terminated filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-741">width, device-independent</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-698">width, device-independent</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-width_002c-in-pixels-706">width, in pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-word-processor_002c-not-232">word processor, not</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-webmac_002etex-606"><code>webmac.tex</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-webman_002etex-574"><code>webman.tex</code></a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-whitespace_002c-in-TCX-files-318">whitespace, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-whitespace_002dterminated-filenames-218">whitespace-terminated filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-732">width, device-independent</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-689">width, device-independent</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-width_002c-in-pixels-697">width, in pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-word-processor_002c-not-231">word processor, not</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-writing-memory-dumps-174">writing memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Creating-memory-dumps">Creating memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-X-bitmap-fonts-786">X bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-X-class-name-for-Metafont-455">X class name for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-x-offset-707">x offset</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-X-resources-454">X resources</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-X-toolkits-and-Metafont-449">X toolkits and Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-xampl_002ebib-566"><code>xampl.bib</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-xbfe_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-791"><code>xbfe</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Xe_0040TeX_007b_007d-365">XeTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-xfed_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-792"><code>xfed</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-xfedor_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-793"><code>xfedor</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Xlib-444"><code>Xlib</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Xlib-support-451">Xlib support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Xt-443"><code>Xt</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Xt-support-450">Xt support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-xterm-445"><code>xterm</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-y-offset-708">y offset</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_007e-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-225"><code>~ </code><span class="roman">expansion in filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-X-bitmap-fonts-777">X bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-X-class-name-for-Metafont-454">X class name for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-x-offset-698">x offset</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-X-resources-453">X resources</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-X-toolkits-and-Metafont-448">X toolkits and Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-xampl_002ebib-557"><code>xampl.bib</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-xbfe_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-782"><code>xbfe</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Xe_0040TeX_007b_007d-364">XeTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-xfed_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-783"><code>xfed</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-xfedor_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-784"><code>xfedor</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Xlib-443"><code>Xlib</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Xlib-support-450">Xlib support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Xt-442"><code>Xt</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Xt-support-449">Xt support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-xterm-444"><code>xterm</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-y-offset-699">y offset</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_007e-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-224"><code>~ </code><span class="roman">expansion in filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> </ul></body></html> diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.pdf b/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.pdf Binary files differindex 100e982d94e..214291684c5 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.pdf +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.pdf |