diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html | 1867 |
1 files changed, 931 insertions, 936 deletions
diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html b/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html index 3e6a1174844..ed9c8a4947c 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/web2c/web2c.html @@ -159,8 +159,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#dir">(dir)</a> <p>This document describes how to install and use the programs in the Web2c implementation of the TeX system, especially for Unix systems. It -corresponds to Web2c version 2011, released in -April 2011. +corresponds to Web2c version 2012, released in +May 2012. <ul class="menu"> <li><a accesskey="1" href="#Introduction">Introduction</a>: A brief introduction. @@ -190,8 +190,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">1 Introduction</h2> <p><a name="index-introduction-1"></a> -This manual corresponds to version 2011 of Web2c, released in -April 2011. +This manual corresponds to version 2012 of Web2c, released in +May 2012. <p><a name="index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-2"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-Web2c-implementation-of-3"></a><a name="index-Hobby_002c-John-4"></a><a name="index-Breitenlohner_002c-Peter-5"></a><dfn>Web2c</dfn> is the name of a TeX implementation, originally for Unix, but now also running under DOS, Amiga, and other operating systems. By @@ -672,9 +672,6 @@ See <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a>. considered printable. If ‘<samp><span class="samp">-translate-file</span></samp>’ was given as well, then the TCX file may mark characters as non-printable. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-oem</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doem-141"></a><a name="index-using-local-codepage-to-display-messages-142"></a>This option is specific to Windows. When specified, TeX engines will use the -OEM code page rather than the ANSI one to display their messages. - </dl> <div class="node"> @@ -688,8 +685,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Commonalities">Commonalities</a> <h3 class="section">3.3 Path searching</h3> -<p><a name="index-path-searching-143"></a> -<a name="index-texmf_002ecnf-144"></a><a name="index-configuration-file-reading-145"></a>All of the Web2c programs, including TeX, which do path searching use +<p><a name="index-path-searching-141"></a> +<a name="index-texmf_002ecnf-142"></a><a name="index-configuration-file-reading-143"></a>All of the Web2c programs, including TeX, which do path searching use the Kpathsea routines to do so. The precise names of the environment and configuration file variables which get searched for particular file formatted are therefore documented in the Kpathsea manual @@ -697,7 +694,7 @@ formatted are therefore documented in the Kpathsea manual <samp><span class="file">texmf.cnf</span></samp> (see <a href="kpathsea.html#Config-files">Config files</a>), invoking <code>mktex...</code> scripts (see <a href="kpathsea.html#mktex-scripts">mktex scripts</a>), and so on are all handled by Kpathsea. - <p><a name="index-font-aliases-146"></a><a name="index-aliases-for-fonts-147"></a><a name="index-texfonts_002emap-148"></a>The programs which read fonts make use of another Kpathsea feature: + <p><a name="index-font-aliases-144"></a><a name="index-aliases-for-fonts-145"></a><a name="index-texfonts_002emap-146"></a>The programs which read fonts make use of another Kpathsea feature: <samp><span class="file">texfonts.map</span></samp>, which allows arbitrary aliases for the actual names of font files; for example, ‘<samp><span class="samp">Times-Roman</span></samp>’ for ‘<samp><span class="samp">ptmr8r.tfm</span></samp>’. The distributed (and installed by default) <samp><span class="file">texfonts.map</span></samp> includes @@ -715,7 +712,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Commonalities">Commonalities</a> <h3 class="section">3.4 Output file location</h3> -<p><a name="index-output-file-location-149"></a><a name="index-current-directory_002c-used-for-output-150"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-output_007d-151"></a>All the programs generally follow the usual convention for output files. +<p><a name="index-output-file-location-147"></a><a name="index-current-directory_002c-used-for-output-148"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-output_007d-149"></a>All the programs generally follow the usual convention for output files. Namely, they are placed in the directory current when the program is run, regardless of any input file location; or, in a few cases, output is to standard output. @@ -724,17 +721,17 @@ is to standard output. will be in <samp><span class="file">./foo.dvi</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">./foo.log</span></samp>, not <samp><span class="file">/tmp/foo.dvi</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">/tmp/foo.log</span></samp>. - <p><a name="index-g_t_002doutput_002ddirectory-152"></a><a name="index-output-directory_002c-specifying-153"></a><a name="index-readonly-directory_002c-running-_0040TeX_007b_007d-in-154"></a>You can use the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory</span></samp>’ option to cause all output + <p><a name="index-g_t_002doutput_002ddirectory-150"></a><a name="index-output-directory_002c-specifying-151"></a><a name="index-readonly-directory_002c-running-_0040TeX_007b_007d-in-152"></a>You can use the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory</span></samp>’ option to cause all output files that would normally be written in the current directory to be written in the specified directory instead. See <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>. - <p><a name="index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-if-_0040samp_007b_002e_007d-unwritable_007d-155"></a><a name="index-readonly-directory_002c-running-_0040TeX_007b_007d-in-156"></a>If the current directory is not writable, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory</span></samp>’ + <p><a name="index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-if-_0040samp_007b_002e_007d-unwritable_007d-153"></a><a name="index-readonly-directory_002c-running-_0040TeX_007b_007d-in-154"></a>If the current directory is not writable, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory</span></samp>’ is not specified, the main programs (TeX, Metafont, MetaPost, and BibTeX) make an exception: if the config file or environment variable value <code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code> is set (it is not by default), output files are written to the directory specified. - <p><a name="index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-reading_007d-157"></a><code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code> is also checked for input files, as TeX often + <p><a name="index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-reading_007d-155"></a><code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code> is also checked for input files, as TeX often generates files that need to be subsequently read; for input, no suffixes (such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">.tex</span></samp>’) are added by default and no exhaustive path searching is done, the input name is @@ -750,7 +747,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Commonalities">Commonalities</a> <h3 class="section">3.5 Three programs: Metafont, MetaPost, and TeX</h3> -<p><a name="index-three-programs-158"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-Metafont_002c-and-MetaPost-159"></a><a name="index-Metafont_002c-MetaPost_002c-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-160"></a><a name="index-MetaPost_002c-_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-and-Metafont-161"></a> +<p><a name="index-three-programs-156"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-Metafont_002c-and-MetaPost-157"></a><a name="index-Metafont_002c-MetaPost_002c-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-158"></a><a name="index-MetaPost_002c-_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-and-Metafont-159"></a> TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost have a number of features in common. Besides the ones here, the common command-line options are described in the previous section. The configuration file options that let you @@ -774,22 +771,22 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a> <h4 class="subsection">3.5.1 Initial and virgin</h4> -<p><a name="index-executables_002c-shared-initial-and-virgin-162"></a>The TeX and Metafont programs each have two main variants, called +<p><a name="index-executables_002c-shared-initial-and-virgin-160"></a>The TeX and Metafont programs each have two main variants, called <dfn>initial</dfn> and <dfn>virgin</dfn>. MetaPost no longer makes this distinction. <p>The initial form is enabled if: <ol type=1 start=1> -<li><a name="index-g_t_002dini-163"></a>the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-ini</span></samp>’ option was specified; or +<li><a name="index-g_t_002dini-161"></a>the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-ini</span></samp>’ option was specified; or <li>the program name is <samp><span class="file">initex</span></samp> resp. <samp><span class="file">inimf</span></samp>; or <li>the first line of the main input file is ‘<samp><span class="samp">%&ini</span></samp>’; </ol> otherwise, the virgin form is used. - <p><a name="index-virgin-programs-164"></a><a name="index-production-use-165"></a>The <dfn>virgin</dfn> form is the one generally invoked for production use. + <p><a name="index-virgin-programs-162"></a><a name="index-production-use-163"></a>The <dfn>virgin</dfn> form is the one generally invoked for production use. The first thing it does is read a memory dump (see <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a>), and then proceeds on with the main job. - <p><a name="index-initial-programs-166"></a><a name="index-initializations_002c-lengthy-167"></a>The <dfn>initial</dfn> form is generally used only to create memory dumps + <p><a name="index-initial-programs-164"></a><a name="index-initializations_002c-lengthy-165"></a>The <dfn>initial</dfn> form is generally used only to create memory dumps (see the next section). It starts up more slowly than the virgin form, because it must do lengthy initializations that are encapsulated in the memory dump file. @@ -805,8 +802,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a> <h4 class="subsection">3.5.2 Memory dumps</h4> -<p><a name="index-memory-dumps-168"></a> -<a name="index-dumping-memory-169"></a><a name="index-macros_002c-predefining-in-memory-dumps-170"></a><a name="index-predefined-macros-and-memory-dumps-171"></a>In typical use, TeX and Metafont require a large number of +<p><a name="index-memory-dumps-166"></a> +<a name="index-dumping-memory-167"></a><a name="index-macros_002c-predefining-in-memory-dumps-168"></a><a name="index-predefined-macros-and-memory-dumps-169"></a>In typical use, TeX and Metafont require a large number of macros to be predefined; therefore, they support <dfn>memory dump</dfn> files, which can be read much more efficiently than ordinary source code. @@ -827,7 +824,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a> <h5 class="subsubsection">3.5.2.1 Creating memory dumps</h5> -<p><a name="index-memory-dumps_002c-creating-172"></a><a name="index-creating-memory-dumps-173"></a><a name="index-writing-memory-dumps-174"></a> +<p><a name="index-memory-dumps_002c-creating-170"></a><a name="index-creating-memory-dumps-171"></a><a name="index-writing-memory-dumps-172"></a> The programs all create memory dumps in slightly idiosyncratic (thought substantially similar) way, so we describe the details in separate sections (references below). The basic idea is to run the initial @@ -865,7 +862,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a> <h5 class="subsubsection">3.5.2.2 Determining the memory dump to use</h5> -<p><a name="index-memory-dump-to-use_002c-determining-175"></a><a name="index-fmt-file_002c-determining-176"></a><a name="index-base-file_002c-determining-177"></a><a name="index-mem-file_002c-determining-178"></a> +<p><a name="index-memory-dump-to-use_002c-determining-173"></a><a name="index-fmt-file_002c-determining-174"></a><a name="index-base-file_002c-determining-175"></a><a name="index-mem-file_002c-determining-176"></a> The virgin form (see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>) of each program always reads a memory dump before processing normal source input. All three programs determine the memory dump to use in the same way: @@ -876,12 +873,12 @@ program uses the remainder of that argument as the memory dump name. For example, running ‘<samp><span class="samp">tex \&super</span></samp>’ reads <samp><span class="file">super.fmt</span></samp>. (The backslash protects the ‘<samp><span class="samp">&</span></samp>’ against interpretation by the shell.) - <li><a name="index-g_t_002dfmt_003d_0040var_007bfmt_007d-179"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dbase_003d_0040var_007bbase_007d-180"></a>If the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-fmt</span></samp>’ resp. ‘<samp><span class="samp">-base</span></samp>’ option is + <li><a name="index-g_t_002dfmt_003d_0040var_007bfmt_007d-177"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dbase_003d_0040var_007bbase_007d-178"></a>If the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-fmt</span></samp>’ resp. ‘<samp><span class="samp">-base</span></samp>’ option is specified, its value is used. - <li><a name="index-g_t_002dprogname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-181"></a>If the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-progname</span></samp>’ option is specified, its value is used. + <li><a name="index-g_t_002dprogname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-179"></a>If the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-progname</span></samp>’ option is specified, its value is used. - <li><a name="index-g_t_0025_0026-_0040r_007bmagic-number_007d-182"></a>If the first line of the main input file (which must be specified on the + <li><a name="index-g_t_0025_0026-_0040r_007bmagic-number_007d-180"></a>If the first line of the main input file (which must be specified on the command line, not in response to ‘<samp><span class="samp">**</span></samp>’) is <code>%&</code><var>dump</var>, and <var>dump</var> is an existing memory dump of the appropriate type, <var>dump</var> is used. @@ -894,7 +891,7 @@ translation file is to be used: <code>%&-translate-file=</code><var>tcxfile< -translate-file=</code><var>tcxfile</var>. If this is done, the name of the dump must be given first. - <li><a name="index-program-name_002c-determines-memory-dump-183"></a><a name="index-links-to-binaries-184"></a>Otherwise, the program uses the program invocation name, most commonly + <li><a name="index-program-name_002c-determines-memory-dump-181"></a><a name="index-links-to-binaries-182"></a>Otherwise, the program uses the program invocation name, most commonly <samp><span class="file">tex</span></samp> resp. <samp><span class="file">mf</span></samp>. For example, if <samp><span class="file">latex</span></samp> is a link to <samp><span class="file">tex</span></samp>, and the user runs ‘<samp><span class="samp">latex foo</span></samp>’, <samp><span class="file">latex.fmt</span></samp> will be used. @@ -911,15 +908,15 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a> <h5 class="subsubsection">3.5.2.3 Hardware and memory dumps</h5> -<p><a name="index-hardware-and-memory-dumps-185"></a><a name="index-memory-dumps-and-hardware-186"></a><a name="index-sharing-memory-dumps-187"></a><a name="index-fmt-files_002c-sharing-188"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-sharing-189"></a><a name="index-mem-files_002c-sharing-190"></a> -<a name="index-LittleEndian-machines-191"></a><a name="index-BigEndian-machines-192"></a><a name="index-endian-dependencies-193"></a><a name="index-machine-dependencies-194"></a><a name="index-architecture-dependencies-195"></a><a name="index-dependencies_002c-hardware-196"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002ddump_002dshare-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-197"></a>By default, memory dump files are generally sharable between +<p><a name="index-hardware-and-memory-dumps-183"></a><a name="index-memory-dumps-and-hardware-184"></a><a name="index-sharing-memory-dumps-185"></a><a name="index-fmt-files_002c-sharing-186"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-sharing-187"></a><a name="index-mem-files_002c-sharing-188"></a> +<a name="index-LittleEndian-machines-189"></a><a name="index-BigEndian-machines-190"></a><a name="index-endian-dependencies-191"></a><a name="index-machine-dependencies-192"></a><a name="index-architecture-dependencies-193"></a><a name="index-dependencies_002c-hardware-194"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002ddump_002dshare-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-195"></a>By default, memory dump files are generally sharable between architectures of different types; specifically, on machines of different endianness (see <a href="libc.html#Byte-order">Byte order</a>). (This is a feature of the Web2c implementation, and is not true of all TeX implementations.) If you specify ‘<samp><span class="samp">--disable-dump-share</span></samp>’ to <code>configure</code>, however, memory dumps will be endian-dependent. - <p><a name="index-byte-swapping-198"></a><a name="index-swapping-bytes-199"></a>The reason to do this is speed. To achieve endian-independence, the + <p><a name="index-byte-swapping-196"></a><a name="index-swapping-bytes-197"></a>The reason to do this is speed. To achieve endian-independence, the reading of memory dumps on LittleEndian architectures, such as PC's and DEC architectures, is somewhat slowed (all the multibyte values have to be swapped). Usually, this is not noticeable, and the advantage of @@ -928,7 +925,7 @@ outweighs the speed loss. But if you're installing Web2c for use on LittleEndian machines only, perhaps on a PC being used only by you, you may wish to get maximum speed. - <p><a name="index-floating_002dpoint-values-200"></a><a name="index-glue-ratio-representations-201"></a>TeXnically, even without ‘<samp><span class="samp">--disable-dump-share</span></samp>’, sharing of + <p><a name="index-floating_002dpoint-values-198"></a><a name="index-glue-ratio-representations-199"></a>TeXnically, even without ‘<samp><span class="samp">--disable-dump-share</span></samp>’, sharing of <samp><span class="file">.fmt</span></samp> files cannot be guaranteed to work. Floating-point values are always written in native format, and hence will generally not be readable across platforms. Fortunately, TeX uses floating point @@ -937,11 +934,11 @@ LaTeX, AMSTeX, <small class="dots">...</small>) do not do any glue setting at <samp><span class="file">.fmt</span></samp>-creation time. Metafont does not use floating point in any dumped value at all. - <p><a name="index-date-and-time_002c-in-memory-dumps-202"></a><a name="index-time-and-date_002c-in-memory-dumps-203"></a><a name="index-memory-dumps_002c-contain-date-and-time-204"></a>Incidentally, different memory dump files will never compare equal + <p><a name="index-date-and-time_002c-in-memory-dumps-200"></a><a name="index-time-and-date_002c-in-memory-dumps-201"></a><a name="index-memory-dumps_002c-contain-date-and-time-202"></a>Incidentally, different memory dump files will never compare equal byte-for-byte, because the program always dumps the current date and time. So don't be alarmed by just a few bytes difference. - <p><a name="index-Harbison_002c-Samuel-P_002e-205"></a><a name="index-Steele-Jr_002e_002c-Guy-L_002e-206"></a>If you don't know what endianness your machine is, and you're curious, + <p><a name="index-Harbison_002c-Samuel-P_002e-203"></a><a name="index-Steele-Jr_002e_002c-Guy-L_002e-204"></a>If you don't know what endianness your machine is, and you're curious, here is a little C program to tell you. (The <code>configure</code> script contains a similar program.) This is from the book <cite>C: A Reference Manual</cite>, by Samuel P. Harbison and Guy L. Steele @@ -977,12 +974,12 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a> <h4 class="subsection">3.5.3 Editor invocation</h4> -<p><a name="index-editor-invoked-at-error-207"></a><a name="index-errors_002c-editor-invoked-at-208"></a><a name="index-e-_0040r_007bresponse-at-error-prompt_007d-209"></a> +<p><a name="index-editor-invoked-at-error-205"></a><a name="index-errors_002c-editor-invoked-at-206"></a><a name="index-e-_0040r_007bresponse-at-error-prompt_007d-207"></a> TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost all (by default) stop and ask for user intervention at an error. If the input came from a file, and the user responds with <kbd>e</kbd> or <kbd>E</kbd>, the program invokes an editor. - <p><a name="index-TEXEDIT-210"></a><a name="index-MFEDIT-211"></a><a name="index-MPEDIT-212"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002deditor_003d_0040var_007bcmd_007d-213"></a>Specifying ‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-editor=</span><var>cmd</var></samp>’ to <code>configure</code> sets the + <p><a name="index-TEXEDIT-208"></a><a name="index-MFEDIT-209"></a><a name="index-MPEDIT-210"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002deditor_003d_0040var_007bcmd_007d-211"></a>Specifying ‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-editor=</span><var>cmd</var></samp>’ to <code>configure</code> sets the default editor command string to <var>cmd</var>. The environment variables/configuration values <code>TEXEDIT</code>, <code>MFEDIT</code>, and <code>MPEDIT</code> (respectively) override this. If ‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-editor</span></samp>’ is @@ -1004,13 +1001,13 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a> <h4 class="subsection">3.5.4 <code>\input</code> filenames</h4> -<p><a name="index-input-filenames-214"></a><a name="index-filename-conventions_002c-in-input-files-215"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cinput-_0040r_007bfilenames_007d-216"></a> +<p><a name="index-input-filenames-212"></a><a name="index-filename-conventions_002c-in-input-files-213"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cinput-_0040r_007bfilenames_007d-214"></a> TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost source programs can all read other source files with the <code>\input</code> (TeX) and <code>input</code> (MF and MP) primitives: <pre class="example"> \input <var>name</var> % in TeX </pre> - <p><a name="index-space_002dterminated-filenames-217"></a><a name="index-whitespace_002dterminated-filenames-218"></a><a name="index-terminator-for-filenames-219"></a>The file <var>name</var> can always be terminated with whitespace; for + <p><a name="index-space_002dterminated-filenames-215"></a><a name="index-whitespace_002dterminated-filenames-216"></a><a name="index-terminator-for-filenames-217"></a>The file <var>name</var> can always be terminated with whitespace; for Metafont and MetaPost, the statement terminator ‘<samp><span class="samp">;</span></samp>’ also works. (LaTeX and other macro packages provide other interfaces to <code>\input</code> that allow different notation; here we are concerned only @@ -1034,14 +1031,14 @@ tokenized and expanded the input. So, multiple spaces and tabs may be seen as a single space, active characters such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">~</span></samp>’ are expanded first, and so on. (See below.) - <p><a name="index-NUL_002c-not-allowed-in-filenames-220"></a><a name="index-eight_002dbit-characters-in-filenames-221"></a><a name="index-meta-characters-in-filenames-222"></a>On the other hand, various C library routines and Unix itself use the null + <p><a name="index-NUL_002c-not-allowed-in-filenames-218"></a><a name="index-eight_002dbit-characters-in-filenames-219"></a><a name="index-meta-characters-in-filenames-220"></a>On the other hand, various C library routines and Unix itself use the null byte (character code zero, ASCII NUL) to terminate strings. So filenames in Web2c cannot contain nulls, even though TeX itself does not treat NUL specially. In addition, some older Unix variants do not allow eight-bit characters (codes 128–255) in filenames. - <p><a name="index-portable-filenames-223"></a>For maximal portability of your document across systems, use only the + <p><a name="index-portable-filenames-221"></a>For maximal portability of your document across systems, use only the characters ‘<samp><span class="samp">a</span></samp>’–‘<samp><span class="samp">z</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">0</span></samp>’–‘<samp><span class="samp">9</span></samp>’, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">.</span></samp>’, and restrict your filenames to at most eight characters (not including the extension), and at most a three-character extension. Do not use @@ -1049,7 +1046,7 @@ anything but simple filenames, since directory separators vary among systems; instead, add the necessary directories to the appropriate search path. - <p><a name="index-g_t_007e-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-224"></a><a name="index-g_t_0024-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-225"></a>Finally, the present Web2c implementation does ‘<samp><span class="samp">~</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">$</span></samp>’ + <p><a name="index-g_t_007e-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-222"></a><a name="index-g_t_0024-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-223"></a>Finally, the present Web2c implementation does ‘<samp><span class="samp">~</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">$</span></samp>’ expansion on <var>name</var>, unlike Knuth's original implementation and older versions of Web2c. Thus: <pre class="example"> \input ~jsmith/$foo.bar @@ -1063,7 +1060,7 @@ numeral, or ‘<samp><span class="samp">_</span></samp>’. <p>(So another way to get a program to read a filename containing whitespace is to define an environment variable and dereference it.) - <p><a name="index-g_t_005cstring-226"></a>In all the common TeX formats (plain TeX, LaTeX, AMSTeX), + <p><a name="index-g_t_005cstring-224"></a>In all the common TeX formats (plain TeX, LaTeX, AMSTeX), the characters ‘<samp><span class="samp">~</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">$</span></samp>’ have special category codes, so to actually use these in a document you have to change their catcodes or use <code>\string</code>. (The result is unportable anyway, see the @@ -1081,11 +1078,11 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">4 TeX: Typesetting</h2> -<p><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-description-of-227"></a><a name="index-typesetting-228"></a><a name="index-mathematical-typesetting-229"></a> +<p><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-description-of-225"></a><a name="index-typesetting-226"></a><a name="index-mathematical-typesetting-227"></a> TeX is a typesetting system: it was especially designed to handle complex mathematics, as well as most ordinary text typesetting. - <p><a name="index-batch-languages-230"></a><a name="index-word-processor_002c-not-231"></a>TeX is a batch language, like C or Pascal, and not an interactive + <p><a name="index-batch-languages-228"></a><a name="index-word-processor_002c-not-229"></a>TeX is a batch language, like C or Pascal, and not an interactive “word processor”: you compile a TeX input file into a corresponding device-independent (DVI) file (and then translate the DVI file to the commands for a particular output device). This approach has both @@ -1099,7 +1096,7 @@ otherwise, are available. <li><a accesskey="2" href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a>: Making format files. <li><a accesskey="3" href="#Formats">Formats</a>: Major TeX macro packages. <li><a accesskey="4" href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a>: TeX supports many human languages. -<li><a accesskey="5" href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a>: DVI output to a socket. +<li><a accesskey="5" href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a>: Running subprograms from TeX. <li><a accesskey="6" href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a>: DVI output to a socket. <li><a accesskey="7" href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a>: Changes to the TeX language. </ul> @@ -1114,7 +1111,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.1 <code>tex</code> invocation</h3> -<p><a name="index-tex-232"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-invocation-233"></a> +<p><a name="index-tex-230"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-invocation-231"></a> TeX (usually invoked as <code>tex</code>) formats the given text and commands, and outputs a corresponding device-independent representation of the typeset document. This section merely describes the options @@ -1130,7 +1127,7 @@ here) and determine their memory dump (fmt) file in the same way tex [<var>option</var>]... \<var>first-line</var> tex [<var>option</var>]... &<var>fmt</var> <var>args</var> </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_002etex-234"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-input-files-found-235"></a>TeX searches the usual places for the main input file <var>texname</var> + <p><a name="index-g_t_002etex-232"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-input-files-found-233"></a>TeX searches the usual places for the main input file <var>texname</var> (see <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>), extending <var>texname</var> with <samp><span class="file">.tex</span></samp> if necessary. To see all the relevant paths, set the environment variable <code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code> to @@ -1145,7 +1142,7 @@ arguments as a line of regular TeX input. <p>If no arguments or options are specified, TeX prompts for an input file name with ‘<samp><span class="samp">**</span></samp>’. - <p><a name="index-texput-236"></a>TeX writes the main DVI output to the file + <p><a name="index-texput-234"></a>TeX writes the main DVI output to the file <samp><var>basetexname</var><span class="file">.dvi</span></samp>, where <var>basetexname</var> is the basename of <var>texname</var>, or ‘<samp><span class="samp">texput</span></samp>’ if no input file was specified. A DVI file is a device-independent binary representation of your TeX @@ -1155,13 +1152,13 @@ device, such as a PostScript printer (see <a href="dvips.html#Top">Introduction</a>) or an X Window System display (see xdvi(1)). - <p><a name="index-EC-fonts-237"></a><a name="index-mktextfM_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-238"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cfont-_0040r_007band-dynamic-generation_007d-239"></a>TeX also reads TFM files for any fonts you load in your document with + <p><a name="index-EC-fonts-235"></a><a name="index-mktextfM_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-236"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cfont-_0040r_007band-dynamic-generation_007d-237"></a>TeX also reads TFM files for any fonts you load in your document with the <code>\font</code> primitive. By default, it runs an external program named <samp><span class="file">mktextfm</span></samp> to create any nonexistent TFM files. You can disable this at configure-time or runtime (see <a href="kpathsea.html#mktex-configuration">mktex configuration</a>). This is enabled mostly for the sake of the EC fonts, which can be generated at any size. - <p><a name="index-g_t_005copenout-_0040r_007band-security_007d-240"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005copenout_007d-241"></a><a name="index-output-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-242"></a><a name="index-Trojan-horses-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-243"></a><a name="index-dot-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-244"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-output-files-245"></a>TeX can write output files, via the <code>\openout</code> primitive; this opens + <p><a name="index-g_t_005copenout-_0040r_007band-security_007d-238"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005copenout_007d-239"></a><a name="index-output-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-240"></a><a name="index-Trojan-horses-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-241"></a><a name="index-dot-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-242"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-output-files-243"></a>TeX can write output files, via the <code>\openout</code> primitive; this opens a security hole vulnerable to Trojan horse attack: an unwitting user could run a TeX program that overwrites, say, <samp><span class="file">~/.rhosts</span></samp>. (MetaPost has a <code>write</code> primitive with similar implications). To alleviate this and @@ -1183,40 +1180,40 @@ the log file has not yet been opened. <dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-enc</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]-file-line-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-fmt=</span><var>fmtname</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-halt-on-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ini</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-interaction=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc-start</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-jobname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-kpathsea-debug=</span><var>number</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]parse-first-line</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-progname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-recorder</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-translate-file=</span><var>tcxfile</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’<dd>These options are common to TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost. See <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-enc</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002denc-246"></a><a name="index-Unicode-input-247"></a><a name="index-UTF_002d8-input-248"></a>Enable encTeX extensions, such as <code>\mubyte</code>. This can be used + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-enc</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002denc-244"></a><a name="index-Unicode-input-245"></a><a name="index-UTF_002d8-input-246"></a>Enable encTeX extensions, such as <code>\mubyte</code>. This can be used to support Unicode UTF-8 input encoding. See <a href="http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html">http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc-start</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dipc-249"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dipc_002dstart-250"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dipc-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-251"></a>With either option, TeX writes its DVI output to a socket as well as + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc-start</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dipc-247"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dipc_002dstart-248"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dipc-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-249"></a>With either option, TeX writes its DVI output to a socket as well as to the usual <samp><span class="file">.dvi</span></samp> file. With ‘<samp><span class="samp">-ipc-start</span></samp>’, TeX also opens a server program at the other end to read the output. See <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a>. <p>These options are available only if the ‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-ipc</span></samp>’ option was specified to <code>configure</code> during installation of Web2c. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-252"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-253"></a>Turn on or off the ‘<samp><span class="samp">mktex</span></samp>’ script associated with <var>filetype</var>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-250"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-251"></a>Turn on or off the ‘<samp><span class="samp">mktex</span></samp>’ script associated with <var>filetype</var>. For TeX proper, <var>filetype</var> can only be ‘<samp><span class="samp">tex</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">tfm</span></samp>’, but for pdfTeX and luaTeX, it can also be ‘<samp><span class="samp">pk</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mltex</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmltex-254"></a><a name="index-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-enabling-255"></a><a name="index-program-names_002c-special-256"></a>If we are <code>INITEX</code> (see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>), enable MLTeX + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mltex</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmltex-252"></a><a name="index-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-enabling-253"></a><a name="index-program-names_002c-special-254"></a>If we are <code>INITEX</code> (see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>), enable MLTeX extensions such as <code>\charsubdef</code>. Implicitly set if the program name is <code>mltex</code>. See <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-comment=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doutput_002dcomment_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-257"></a><a name="index-output_005fcomment-_0040r_007bfor-DVI-files_007d-258"></a><a name="index-DVI-comment_002c-specifying-259"></a><a name="index-regression-testing-260"></a>Use <var>string</var> as the DVI file comment. Ordinarily, this comment + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-comment=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doutput_002dcomment_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-255"></a><a name="index-output_005fcomment-_0040r_007bfor-DVI-files_007d-256"></a><a name="index-DVI-comment_002c-specifying-257"></a><a name="index-regression-testing-258"></a>Use <var>string</var> as the DVI file comment. Ordinarily, this comment records the date and time of the TeX run, but if you are doing regression testing, you may not want the DVI file to have this spurious difference. This is also taken from the environment variable and config file value ‘<samp><span class="samp">output_comment</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-shell-escape</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshell_002descape-261"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-shell-escape</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dshell_002descape-262"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-shell-restricted</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshell_002drestricted-263"></a>Enable, or disable, or enable with restrictions the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-shell-escape</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshell_002descape-259"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-shell-escape</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dshell_002descape-260"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-shell-restricted</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshell_002drestricted-261"></a>Enable, or disable, or enable with restrictions the <code>\write18{</code><var>shell-command</var><code>}</code> feature for external executing shell commands. See <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-enable-write18</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002denable_002dwrite18-264"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-disable-write18</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ddisable_002dwrite18-265"></a>Synonyms for <samp><span class="option">-shell-escape</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">-no-shell-escape</span></samp>, for + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-enable-write18</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002denable_002dwrite18-262"></a><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-disable-write18</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ddisable_002dwrite18-263"></a>Synonyms for <samp><span class="option">-shell-escape</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">-no-shell-escape</span></samp>, for compatibility with MiKTeX. (MiKTeX also accepts both pairs of options.) See <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-src-specials</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-src-specials=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-generating-source-specials-266"></a>This option makes TeX output specific source information using + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-src-specials</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-src-specials=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-generating-source-specials-264"></a>This option makes TeX output specific source information using ‘<samp><span class="samp">\special</span></samp>’ commands in the DVI file. These ‘<samp><span class="samp">\special</span></samp>’ track the current file name and line number. @@ -1261,8 +1258,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.2 Initial TeX</h3> -<p><a name="index-initial-_0040TeX_007b_007d-267"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-initial-268"></a> -<a name="index-g_t_002efmt-269"></a><a name="index-fmt-files-270"></a>The <dfn>initial</dfn> form of TeX is invoked by ‘<samp><span class="samp">tex -ini</span></samp>’. It +<p><a name="index-initial-_0040TeX_007b_007d-265"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-initial-266"></a> +<a name="index-g_t_002efmt-267"></a><a name="index-fmt-files-268"></a>The <dfn>initial</dfn> form of TeX is invoked by ‘<samp><span class="samp">tex -ini</span></samp>’. It does lengthy initializations avoided by the “virgin” (<code>vir</code>) form, so as to be capable of dumping ‘<samp><span class="samp">.fmt</span></samp>’ files (see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>). For a detailed comparison of virgin and initial forms, see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>. In past releases, a separate program @@ -1271,7 +1268,7 @@ no longer the case. <p>For a list of options and other information, see <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a>. - <p><a name="index-plain_002efmt-271"></a><a name="index-tex_002efmt-272"></a><a name="index-format-files-273"></a>Unlike Metafont and MetaPost, many format files are commonly used with + <p><a name="index-plain_002efmt-269"></a><a name="index-tex_002efmt-270"></a><a name="index-format-files-271"></a>Unlike Metafont and MetaPost, many format files are commonly used with TeX. The standard one implementing the features described in the <cite>TeXbook</cite> is ‘<samp><span class="samp">plain.fmt</span></samp>’, also known as ‘<samp><span class="samp">tex.fmt</span></samp>’ (again, see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>). It is created by default during @@ -1301,7 +1298,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.3 Formats</h3> -<p><a name="index-formats-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-274"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-format-packages-for-275"></a><a name="index-macro-packages_002c-major-_0040TeX_007b_007d-276"></a> +<p><a name="index-formats-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-272"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-format-packages-for-273"></a><a name="index-macro-packages_002c-major-_0040TeX_007b_007d-274"></a> TeX <dfn>formats</dfn> are large collections of macros, often dumped into a <samp><span class="file">.fmt</span></samp> file (see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>) by <code>tex -ini</code> (see <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a>). A number of formats are in reasonably @@ -1318,7 +1315,7 @@ contains most of these formats (although perhaps not the absolute latest version), among other things. <dl> -<dt><tt>latex</tt><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-277"></a>The most widely used format. The current release is named `LaTeX +<dt><tt>latex</tt><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-275"></a>The most widely used format. The current release is named `LaTeX 2e'; new versions are released approximately every six months, with patches issued as needed. The old release was called `LaTeX 2.09', and is no longer maintained or supported. LaTeX attempts to provide @@ -1332,26 +1329,26 @@ interactive PDF files and has integrated MetaPost support, among many other interesting features. The ConTeXt home page: <a href="http://www.pragma-ade.com">http://www.pragma-ade.com</a>. - <br><dt><tt>amstex</tt><dd><a name="index-AMS_0040TeX_007b_007d-278"></a><a name="index-American-Mathematical-Society_002c-typesetting-system-279"></a><a name="index-Mathematical-Reviews-280"></a>The official typesetting system of the American Mathematical Society. + <br><dt><tt>amstex</tt><dd><a name="index-AMS_0040TeX_007b_007d-276"></a><a name="index-American-Mathematical-Society_002c-typesetting-system-277"></a><a name="index-Mathematical-Reviews-278"></a>The official typesetting system of the American Mathematical Society. Like LaTeX, it encourages generic markup commands. The AMS also provides many LaTeX package for authors who prefer LaTeX. Taken together, they are used to produce nearly all AMS publications, e.g., <cite>Mathematical Reviews</cite>. The AMSTeX home page: <a href="http://www.ams.org/tex">http://www.ams.org/tex</a>. - <br><dt><tt>texinfo</tt><dd><a name="index-Texinfo-281"></a><a name="index-Info-format-282"></a><a name="index-Free-Software-Foundation-documentation-system-283"></a>The documentation system developed and maintained by the Free Software + <br><dt><tt>texinfo</tt><dd><a name="index-Texinfo-279"></a><a name="index-Info-format-280"></a><a name="index-Free-Software-Foundation-documentation-system-281"></a>The documentation system developed and maintained by the Free Software Foundation for their software manuals. It can be automatically converted into plain text, a machine-readable on-line format called `info', HTML, etc. The Texinfo home page: <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo">http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo</a>. - <br><dt><tt>eplain</tt><dd><a name="index-Eplain-284"></a><a name="index-expanded-plain-format-285"></a>The “expanded plain” format provides various common features (e.g., + <br><dt><tt>eplain</tt><dd><a name="index-Eplain-282"></a><a name="index-expanded-plain-format-283"></a>The “expanded plain” format provides various common features (e.g., symbolic cross-referencing, tables of contents, indexing, citations using BibTeX), for those authors who prefer to handle their own high-level formatting. The Eplain home page: <a href="http://www.tug.org/eplain">http://www.tug.org/eplain</a>. - <br><dt><tt>slitex</tt><dd><a name="index-Sli_0040TeX_007b_007d-286"></a><a name="index-slides_002c-producing-287"></a>An obsolete LaTeX 2.09 format for making slides. It is replaced by + <br><dt><tt>slitex</tt><dd><a name="index-Sli_0040TeX_007b_007d-284"></a><a name="index-slides_002c-producing-285"></a>An obsolete LaTeX 2.09 format for making slides. It is replaced by the ‘<samp><span class="samp">slides</span></samp>’ document class, along with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">beamer</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">texpower</span></samp>’, and other packages. @@ -1368,7 +1365,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.4 Languages and hyphenation</h3> -<p><a name="index-language-support-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-288"></a><a name="index-human-languages_002c-supported-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-289"></a><a name="index-hyphenation-and-languages-290"></a> +<p><a name="index-language-support-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-286"></a><a name="index-human-languages_002c-supported-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-287"></a><a name="index-hyphenation-and-languages-288"></a> TeX supports most natural languages. See also <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a>. <ul class="menu"> @@ -1387,8 +1384,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages a <h4 class="subsection">4.4.1 MLTeX: Multi-lingual TeX</h4> -<p><a name="index-mltex-291"></a><a name="index-Multi_002dlingual-_0040TeX_007b_007d-292"></a> -<a name="index-Ferguson_002c-Michael-293"></a><a name="index-Raichle_002c-Bernd-294"></a><a name="index-accents_002c-hyphenating-words-with-295"></a><a name="index-glyph-substitutions-296"></a><a name="index-substitutions-of-font-glyphs-297"></a>Multi-lingual TeX (<code>mltex</code>) is an extension of TeX originally +<p><a name="index-mltex-289"></a><a name="index-Multi_002dlingual-_0040TeX_007b_007d-290"></a> +<a name="index-Ferguson_002c-Michael-291"></a><a name="index-Raichle_002c-Bernd-292"></a><a name="index-accents_002c-hyphenating-words-with-293"></a><a name="index-glyph-substitutions-294"></a><a name="index-substitutions-of-font-glyphs-295"></a>Multi-lingual TeX (<code>mltex</code>) is an extension of TeX originally written by Michael Ferguson and now updated and maintained by Bernd Raichle. It allows the use of non-existing glyphs in a font by declaring glyph substitutions. These are restricted to substitutions of @@ -1427,7 +1424,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a> <h5 class="subsubsection">4.4.1.1 <code>\charsubdef</code>: Character substitutions</h5> -<p><a name="index-g_t_005ccharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-298"></a> +<p><a name="index-g_t_005ccharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-296"></a> The most important primitive MLTeX adds is <code>\charsubdef</code>, used in a way reminiscent of <code>\chardef</code>: <pre class="example"> \charsubdef <var>composite</var> [=] <var>accent</var> <var>base</var> @@ -1444,7 +1441,7 @@ primitive, will be mapped to a font glyph or to an <code>\accent</code> glyph construction. <p>For example, if you assume glyph code 138 -<a name="index-e_002dcircumflex-299"></a>(decimal) for an e-circumflex +<a name="index-e_002dcircumflex-297"></a>(decimal) for an e-circumflex and you are using the Computer Modern fonts, which have the circumflex accent in position 18 and lowercase `e' in the usual ASCII position 101 decimal, you would use <code>\charsubdef</code> as follows: @@ -1462,7 +1459,7 @@ characters. as a pair of zeros. For example: <pre class="example"> \charsubdef '321 = 0 0 % disable N tilde </pre> - <p><a name="index-N-tilde-300"></a>(Octal <tt>'321</tt> is the ISO Latin-1 value for the Spanish N tilde.) + <p><a name="index-N-tilde-298"></a>(Octal <tt>'321</tt> is the ISO Latin-1 value for the Spanish N tilde.) <p><code>\charsubdef</code> commands should only be given once. Although in principle you can use <code>\charsubdef</code> at any time, the result is @@ -1486,12 +1483,12 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a> <h5 class="subsubsection">4.4.1.2 <code>\tracingcharsubdef</code>: Substitution diagnostics</h5> -<p><a name="index-g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-301"></a><a name="index-redefined-character-substitutions-302"></a>To help diagnose problems with ‘<samp><span class="samp">\charsubdef</span></samp>’, MLTeX provides a +<p><a name="index-g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-299"></a><a name="index-redefined-character-substitutions-300"></a>To help diagnose problems with ‘<samp><span class="samp">\charsubdef</span></samp>’, MLTeX provides a new primitive parameter, <code>\tracingcharsubdef</code>. If positive, every use of <code>\charsubdef</code> will be reported. This can help track down when a character is redefined. - <p><a name="index-g_t_005ctracinglostchars-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-303"></a>In addition, if the TeX parameter <code>\tracinglostchars</code> is 100 or + <p><a name="index-g_t_005ctracinglostchars-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-301"></a>In addition, if the TeX parameter <code>\tracinglostchars</code> is 100 or more, the character substitutions actually performed at <code>\shipout</code>-time will be recorded. @@ -1505,8 +1502,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages a <h4 class="subsection">4.4.2 TCX files: Character translations</h4> -<p><a name="index-TCX-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-304"></a><a name="index-g_t_002etcx-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-305"></a><a name="index-character-translation-files-306"></a> -<a name="index-international-characters-307"></a><a name="index-g_t8_002dbit-characters-308"></a><a name="index-accented-character-309"></a>TCX (TeX character translation) files help TeX support direct +<p><a name="index-TCX-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-302"></a><a name="index-g_t_002etcx-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-303"></a><a name="index-character-translation-files-304"></a> +<a name="index-international-characters-305"></a><a name="index-g_t8_002dbit-characters-306"></a><a name="index-accented-character-307"></a>TCX (TeX character translation) files help TeX support direct input of 8-bit international characters if fonts containing those characters are being used. Specifically, they map an input (keyboard) character code to the internal TeX character code (a superset of @@ -1537,7 +1534,7 @@ construction made out of two separate character glyphs. TCX files involve no new primitives; it is not possible to specify that an input (keyboard) character maps to more than one character. - <p><a name="index-WEB2C_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-TCX-files_007d-310"></a>Information on specifying TCX files: + <p><a name="index-WEB2C_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-TCX-files_007d-308"></a>Information on specifying TCX files: <ul> <li>The best way to specify a TCX file is to list it explicitly in the @@ -1552,7 +1549,7 @@ with the command-line option ‘<samp><span class="samp">-translate-file=</s <li>Initial TeX (see <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a>) ignores TCX files. </ul> - <p><a name="index-il1_002dt1_002etcx-311"></a><a name="index-il2_002dt1_002etcx-312"></a><a name="index-empty_002etcx-313"></a><a name="index-Cork-encoding-and-ISO-input-314"></a><a name="index-T1-encoding-and-ISO-input-315"></a>The Web2c distribution comes with a number of TCX files. Two + <p><a name="index-il1_002dt1_002etcx-309"></a><a name="index-il2_002dt1_002etcx-310"></a><a name="index-empty_002etcx-311"></a><a name="index-Cork-encoding-and-ISO-input-312"></a><a name="index-T1-encoding-and-ISO-input-313"></a>The Web2c distribution comes with a number of TCX files. Two important ones are <samp><span class="file">il1-t1.tcx</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">il2-t1.tcx</span></samp>, which support ISO Latin 1 and ISO Latin 2, respectively, with Cork-encoded fonts (a.k.a. the LaTeX T1 encoding). TCX files for Czech, @@ -1570,20 +1567,20 @@ Thus: latex --translate-file=empty.tcx somefile8.tex ⇒ terminal etc. output with ^^ notation </pre> - <p><a name="index-syntax-of-TCX-files-316"></a>Syntax of TCX files: + <p><a name="index-syntax-of-TCX-files-314"></a>Syntax of TCX files: <ol type=1 start=1> -<li><a name="index-blank-lines_002c-in-TCX-files-317"></a>Line-oriented. Blank lines are ignored. +<li><a name="index-blank-lines_002c-in-TCX-files-315"></a>Line-oriented. Blank lines are ignored. - <li><a name="index-whitespace_002c-in-TCX-files-318"></a>Whitespace is ignored except as a separator. + <li><a name="index-whitespace_002c-in-TCX-files-316"></a>Whitespace is ignored except as a separator. - <li><a name="index-comments_002c-in-TCX-files-319"></a>Comments start with ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’ and continue to the end of the line. + <li><a name="index-comments_002c-in-TCX-files-317"></a>Comments start with ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’ and continue to the end of the line. <li>Otherwise, a line consists of one or two character codes, optionally followed by 0 or 1. The last number indicates whether <var>dest</var> is considered printable. <pre class="example"> <var>src</var> [<var>dest</var> [<var>prnt</var>]] </pre> - <li><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-320"></a><a name="index-octal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-321"></a><a name="index-hex-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-322"></a><a name="index-decimal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-323"></a>Each character code may be specified in octal with a leading ‘<samp><span class="samp">0</span></samp>’, + <li><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-318"></a><a name="index-octal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-319"></a><a name="index-hex-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-320"></a><a name="index-decimal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-321"></a>Each character code may be specified in octal with a leading ‘<samp><span class="samp">0</span></samp>’, hexadecimal with a leading ‘<samp><span class="samp">0x</span></samp>’, or decimal otherwise. Values must be between 0 and 255, inclusive (decimal). @@ -1594,7 +1591,7 @@ be between 0 and 255, inclusive (decimal). definition that counts. </ol> - <p><a name="index-printable-characters_002c-specifying-324"></a><a name="index-g_t_005e_005e-_0040r_007bnotation_002c-avoiding_007d-325"></a>Finally, here's what happens: when TeX sees an input character with + <p><a name="index-printable-characters_002c-specifying-322"></a><a name="index-g_t_005e_005e-_0040r_007bnotation_002c-avoiding_007d-323"></a>Finally, here's what happens: when TeX sees an input character with code <var>src</var>, it 1) changes <var>src</var> to <var>dest</var>; and 2) makes the <var>dest</var> code “printable”, i.e., printed as-is in diagnostics and the log file rather than in ‘<samp><span class="samp">^^</span></samp>’ notation. @@ -1608,10 +1605,10 @@ make the following characters printable: <code>^^I</code> (TAB), <code>^^J</code (line feed), <code>^^M</code> (carriage return), and <code>^^?</code> (delete), since TeX uses them in various ways. - <p><a name="index-font-character-code_002c-translating-326"></a><a name="index-keyboard-character-code_002c-translating-327"></a>Thus, the idea is to specify the input (keyboard) character code for + <p><a name="index-font-character-code_002c-translating-324"></a><a name="index-keyboard-character-code_002c-translating-325"></a>Thus, the idea is to specify the input (keyboard) character code for <var>src</var>, and the output (font) character code for <var>dest</var>. - <p><a name="index-interaction-between-TCX-files-and-_0040samp_007b_002d8bit_007d_002e-328"></a>By default, only the printable ASCII characters are considered printable + <p><a name="index-interaction-between-TCX-files-and-_0040samp_007b_002d8bit_007d_002e-326"></a>By default, only the printable ASCII characters are considered printable by TeX. If you specify the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’ option, all characters are considered printable by default. If you specify both the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’ option and a TCX file, then the TCX can set specific characters to be @@ -1639,7 +1636,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages a <h4 class="subsection">4.4.3 Patgen: Creating hyphenation patterns</h4> -<p><a name="index-patgen-329"></a><a name="index-hyphenation-patterns_002c-creating-330"></a><a name="index-languages_002c-hyphenation-rules-for-331"></a> +<p><a name="index-patgen-327"></a><a name="index-hyphenation-patterns_002c-creating-328"></a><a name="index-languages_002c-hyphenation-rules-for-329"></a> Patgen creates hyphenation patterns from dictionary files for use with TeX. Synopsis: @@ -1681,7 +1678,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.5 Shell escapes</h3> -<p><a name="index-shell-commands-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-332"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-shell-escapes-333"></a><a name="index-restricted-shell-escapes-334"></a><a name="index-system-command-335"></a><a name="index-shell_005fescape-_0040r_007benabling-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-336"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cimmediate_005cwrite18-337"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cwrite18-_0040r_007bshell-escape-extension_007d-338"></a><a name="index-system-_0040r_007bC-library-function_007d-339"></a> +<p><a name="index-shell-commands-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-330"></a><a name="index-security_002c-and-shell-escapes-331"></a><a name="index-restricted-shell-escapes-332"></a><a name="index-system-command-333"></a><a name="index-shell_005fescape-_0040r_007benabling-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-334"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cimmediate_005cwrite18-335"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cwrite18-_0040r_007bshell-escape-extension_007d-336"></a><a name="index-system-_0040r_007bC-library-function_007d-337"></a> TeX can execute <dfn>shell escapes</dfn>, that is, arbitrary shell commands. Although tremendously useful, this also has obvious security implications. Therefore, as of TeX Live 2009, a @@ -1707,13 +1704,13 @@ specified, or if <code>shell_escape</code> is set to anything else. <pre class="example"> \write18{echo "hello, world"} </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_005coutput-_0040r_007broutine_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005cwrite_007d_007d-340"></a>From TeX's point of view, this is a normal <code>\write</code> command, + <p><a name="index-g_t_005coutput-_0040r_007broutine_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005cwrite_007d_007d-338"></a>From TeX's point of view, this is a normal <code>\write</code> command, and is therefore subject to the usual TeX expansions. Also, the system call either happens during the ‘<samp><span class="samp">\output</span></samp>’ routine or right away, according to the absence or presence of the <code>\immediate</code> prefix, as usual for <code>\write</code>. - <p><a name="index-exit-status_002c-of-shell-escape-341"></a>The <var>shell-command</var> string is passed to the command shell (via the + <p><a name="index-exit-status_002c-of-shell-escape-339"></a>The <var>shell-command</var> string is passed to the command shell (via the C library function <code>system</code>). The output of <var>shell-command</var> is not diverted anywhere, so it will not appear in the log file, or anywhere but the terminal output. The exit status of the system call @@ -1732,7 +1729,7 @@ expansions (from, e.g., <tt>`...`</tt>). Mismatched quotation marks in the command string result in a diagnostic message in the log file; no execution is performed. - <p><a name="index-shell_005fescape_005fcommands-342"></a>After quotation processing, if the first word (delimited by a space or + <p><a name="index-shell_005fescape_005fcommands-340"></a>After quotation processing, if the first word (delimited by a space or tab) of the command is in the list specified by the <code>shell_escape_commands</code> configuration value, the command is executed. Otherwise it is not. In any case, a message is written to @@ -1745,7 +1742,7 @@ commands included: <pre class="example"> shell_escape_commands = bibtex,dvips,epstopdf,...,tex </pre> - <p><a name="index-pipes_002c-reading-and-writing-343"></a><a name="index-g_t_005copenin_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-344"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cinput_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-345"></a><a name="index-g_t_005copenout_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-346"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cpdfshellescape-347"></a>pdfTeX and luaTeX support reading (via <code>\input</code> and + <p><a name="index-pipes_002c-reading-and-writing-341"></a><a name="index-g_t_005copenin_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-342"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cinput_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-343"></a><a name="index-g_t_005copenout_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-344"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cpdfshellescape-345"></a>pdfTeX and luaTeX support reading (via <code>\input</code> and <code>\openin</code>) and writing (via <code>\openout</code>) from pipes if the first character is ‘<samp><span class="samp">|</span></samp>’. The following command is then treated exactly the same as the argument to <code>\write18</code>. In these @@ -1753,7 +1750,7 @@ engines, the primitive variable <code>\pdfshellescape</code> is set to 0 if shell escapes are disabled, 1 if they are enabled, and 2 if they are enabled with restrictions. - <p><a name="index-web-environments_002c-and-security-348"></a>The purpose of this feature is to make it possible for TeX + <p><a name="index-web-environments_002c-and-security-346"></a>The purpose of this feature is to make it possible for TeX documents to perform useful external actions in the common case of an individual user running a known document on his or her own machine. In such environments as CGI scripts or wikis where the input has to be @@ -1770,14 +1767,14 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.6 IPC and TeX</h3> -<p><a name="index-IPC-349"></a><a name="index-sockets-350"></a>(If anyone uses this feature and needs documentation, write +<p><a name="index-IPC-347"></a><a name="index-sockets-348"></a>(If anyone uses this feature and needs documentation, write <a href="mailto:tex-k@tug.org">tex-k@tug.org</a>.) <p>This functionality is available only if the ‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-ipc</span></samp>’ option was specified to <code>configure</code> during installation of Web2c (see <a href="#Installation">Installation</a>). - <p><a name="index-IPC_005fDEBUG-351"></a>If you define <code>IPC_DEBUG</code> before compilation (e.g., with ‘<samp><span class="samp">make + <p><a name="index-IPC_005fDEBUG-349"></a>If you define <code>IPC_DEBUG</code> before compilation (e.g., with ‘<samp><span class="samp">make XCFLAGS=-DIPC_DEBUG</span></samp>’), TeX will print messages to standard error about its socket operations. This may be helpful if you are, well, debugging. @@ -1792,28 +1789,28 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#TeX">TeX</a> <h3 class="section">4.7 TeX extensions</h3> -<p><a name="index-extensions-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-352"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-extensions-to-353"></a> +<p><a name="index-extensions-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-350"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-extensions-to-351"></a> The base TeX program has been extended in many ways. Here's a partial list. <dl> -<dt>e-TeX<dd><a name="index-e_002d_0040TeX_007b_007d-354"></a><a name="index-primitives_002c-new-355"></a>Adds many new primitives, including right-to-left typesetting and more +<dt>e-TeX<dd><a name="index-e_002d_0040TeX_007b_007d-352"></a><a name="index-primitives_002c-new-353"></a>Adds many new primitives, including right-to-left typesetting and more registers. Now frozen. - <br><dt>Aleph<dd><a name="index-Aleph-356"></a><a name="index-Unicode-357"></a>This adds Unicode support, right-to-left typesetting, and more. Omega + <br><dt>Aleph<dd><a name="index-Aleph-354"></a><a name="index-Unicode-355"></a>This adds Unicode support, right-to-left typesetting, and more. Omega was the original program. Aleph is an updated version with a variety of bug fixes, and includes e-TeX. Aleph is not actively maintained. - <br><dt>pdfTeX<dd><a name="index-pdf_0040TeX_007b_007d-358"></a><a name="index-PDF-359"></a><a name="index-micro_002dtypography-360"></a><a name="index-hypertext-361"></a>Can produce PDF as well as DVI files. It also incorporates the + <br><dt>pdfTeX<dd><a name="index-pdf_0040TeX_007b_007d-356"></a><a name="index-PDF-357"></a><a name="index-micro_002dtypography-358"></a><a name="index-hypertext-359"></a>Can produce PDF as well as DVI files. It also incorporates the e-TeX extensions, new primitives for hypertext and micro-typography, reading/writing from pipes, and much more. Home page: <a href="http://pdftex.org">http://pdftex.org</a>. - <br><dt>luaTeX<dd><a name="index-lua_0040TeX_007b_007d-362"></a><a name="index-Lua-363"></a>Based on pdfTeX, this also embeds the Lua programming language + <br><dt>luaTeX<dd><a name="index-lua_0040TeX_007b_007d-360"></a><a name="index-Lua-361"></a>Based on pdfTeX, this also embeds the Lua programming language (<a href="http://lua.org">http://lua.org</a>) and opens up the TeX typesetting engine to control from Lua. Home page: <a href="http://luatex.org">http://luatex.org</a>. - <br><dt>XeTeX<dd><a name="index-Xe_0040TeX_007b_007d-364"></a><a name="index-Unicode-365"></a>Combines support for Unicode input and OpenType- and system fonts + <br><dt>XeTeX<dd><a name="index-Xe_0040TeX_007b_007d-362"></a><a name="index-Unicode-363"></a>Combines support for Unicode input and OpenType- and system fonts with the capabilities of pdfTeX. Home page: <a href="http://tug.org/xetex">http://tug.org/xetex</a>. @@ -1830,7 +1827,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">5 Metafont: Creating typeface families</h2> -<p><a name="index-Metafont-366"></a><a name="index-typeface-families-367"></a><a name="index-geometric-designs-368"></a><a name="index-shapes-369"></a><a name="index-font-design-370"></a> +<p><a name="index-Metafont-364"></a><a name="index-typeface-families-365"></a><a name="index-geometric-designs-366"></a><a name="index-shapes-367"></a><a name="index-font-design-368"></a> Metafont is a system for producing shapes; it was designed for producing complete typeface families, but it can also produce geometric designs, dingbats, etc. And it has considerable mathematical and @@ -1864,7 +1861,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.1 <code>mf</code> invocation</h3> -<p><a name="index-mf-371"></a><a name="index-Metafont-invocation-372"></a> +<p><a name="index-mf-369"></a><a name="index-Metafont-invocation-370"></a> Metafont (usually invoked as <code>mf</code>) reads character definitions specified in the Metafont programming language, and outputs the corresponding font. This section merely describes the options available @@ -1884,7 +1881,7 @@ language, see <cite>The Metafontbook</cite> (see <a href="#References">Reference </pre> <p class="noindent">(The single quotes avoid unwanted interpretation by the shell.) - <p><a name="index-g_t_002emf-373"></a><a name="index-Metafont-input-files-374"></a><a name="index-EC-fonts-375"></a><a name="index-mktexmf_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-376"></a>Metafont searches the usual places for the main input file <var>mfname</var> + <p><a name="index-g_t_002emf-371"></a><a name="index-Metafont-input-files-372"></a><a name="index-EC-fonts-373"></a><a name="index-mktexmf_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-374"></a>Metafont searches the usual places for the main input file <var>mfname</var> (see <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>), extending <var>mfname</var> with <samp><span class="file">.mf</span></samp> if necessary. To see all the relevant paths, set the environment variable <code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code> to ‘<samp><span class="samp">-1</span></samp>’ @@ -1894,7 +1891,7 @@ files you input. You can disable this at configure-time or runtime (see <a href="kpathsea.html#mktex-configuration">mktex configuration</a>). This is mostly for the sake of the EC fonts, which can be generated at any size. - <p><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dgf-_0040r_007bgeneric-fonts_007d-377"></a><a name="index-mfput-378"></a><a name="index-GF-output-379"></a><a name="index-GF-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-380"></a><a name="index-PK-files_002c-not-output-by-Metafont-381"></a>Metafont writes the main GF output to the file + <p><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dgf-_0040r_007bgeneric-fonts_007d-375"></a><a name="index-mfput-376"></a><a name="index-GF-output-377"></a><a name="index-GF-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-378"></a><a name="index-PK-files_002c-not-output-by-Metafont-379"></a>Metafont writes the main GF output to the file <samp><var>basemfname</var><span class="file">.</span><var>nnn</var><span class="file">gf</span></samp>, where <var>nnn</var> is the font resolution in pixels per inch, and <var>basemfname</var> is the basename of <var>mfname</var>, or ‘<samp><span class="samp">mfput</span></samp>’ if no input file was specified. A GF file @@ -1903,12 +1900,12 @@ converted immediately to PK files with GFtoPK (see <a href="#gftopk-invocation"> more compact. (Metafont output in GF format rather than PK for only historical reasons.) - <p><a name="index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-382"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-383"></a>Metafont also usually writes a metric file in TFM format to + <p><a name="index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-380"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-381"></a>Metafont also usually writes a metric file in TFM format to <samp><var>basemfname</var><span class="file">.tfm</span></samp>. A TFM file contains character dimensions, kerns, and ligatures, and spacing parameters. TeX reads only this <tt>.tfm</tt> file, not the GF file. - <p><a name="index-mode-needed-to-run-Metafont-384"></a><a name="index-proof-_0040r_007bmode_007d-385"></a><a name="index-g_t2602gf-386"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e2602gf-387"></a>The <var>mode</var> in the example command above is a name referring to a + <p><a name="index-mode-needed-to-run-Metafont-382"></a><a name="index-proof-_0040r_007bmode_007d-383"></a><a name="index-g_t2602gf-384"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e2602gf-385"></a>The <var>mode</var> in the example command above is a name referring to a device definition (see <a href="#Modes">Modes</a>); for example, <code>localfont</code> or <code>ljfour</code>. These device definitions must generally be precompiled into the base file. If you leave this out, the default is <code>proof</code> @@ -1935,7 +1932,7 @@ usual. For example: <dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]-file-line-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-fmt=</span><var>fmtname</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-halt-on-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ini</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-interaction=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-jobname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-kpathsea-debug=</span><var>number</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]parse-first-line</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-progname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-recorder</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-translate-file=</span><var>tcxfile</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’<dd>These options are common to TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost. See <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-388"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-389"></a>Turn on or off the ‘<samp><span class="samp">mktex</span></samp>’ script associated with <var>filetype</var>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-no-mktex=</span><var>filetype</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-386"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-387"></a>Turn on or off the ‘<samp><span class="samp">mktex</span></samp>’ script associated with <var>filetype</var>. The only value that makes sense for <var>filetype</var> is ‘<samp><span class="samp">mf</span></samp>’. </dl> @@ -1950,8 +1947,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.2 Initial Metafont</h3> -<p><a name="index-initial-Metafont-390"></a><a name="index-Metafont_002c-initial-391"></a> -<a name="index-g_t_002ebase-392"></a><a name="index-base-files-393"></a><code>inimf</code> is the “initial” form of Metafont, which does lengthy +<p><a name="index-initial-Metafont-388"></a><a name="index-Metafont_002c-initial-389"></a> +<a name="index-g_t_002ebase-390"></a><a name="index-base-files-391"></a><code>inimf</code> is the “initial” form of Metafont, which does lengthy initializations avoided by the “virgin” (<code>vir</code>) form, so as to be capable of dumping ‘<samp><span class="samp">.base</span></samp>’ files (see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>). For a detailed comparison of virgin and initial forms, see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>. In past releases, a separate program <samp><span class="command">inimf</span></samp> was @@ -1959,7 +1956,7 @@ installed to invoke the initial form, but this is no longer the case. <p>For a list of options and other information, see <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a>. - <p><a name="index-plain_002ebase-394"></a><a name="index-mf_002ebase-395"></a>The only memory dump file commonly used with Metafont is the default + <p><a name="index-plain_002ebase-392"></a><a name="index-mf_002ebase-393"></a>The only memory dump file commonly used with Metafont is the default ‘<samp><span class="samp">plain.base</span></samp>’, also known as ‘<samp><span class="samp">mf.base</span></samp>’ (again, see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>). It is created by default during installation, but you can also do so by hand if necessary (e.g., if a Metafont update is issued): <pre class="example"> mf -ini '\input plain; input modes; dump' @@ -1972,13 +1969,13 @@ Then install the resulting <samp><span class="file">plain.base</span></samp> in <p>For an explanation of the additional <samp><span class="file">modes.mf</span></samp> file, see <a href="#Modes">Modes</a>. This file has no counterpart in TeX or MetaPost. - <p><a name="index-cmmf_002ebase-_0040r_007bnot-recommended_007d-396"></a><a name="index-cm_002ebase-397"></a><a name="index-cmbase_002emf-398"></a><a name="index-Computer-Modern-macros-399"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-plain-only-400"></a>In the past, it was sometimes useful to create a base file + <p><a name="index-cmmf_002ebase-_0040r_007bnot-recommended_007d-394"></a><a name="index-cm_002ebase-395"></a><a name="index-cmbase_002emf-396"></a><a name="index-Computer-Modern-macros-397"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-plain-only-398"></a>In the past, it was sometimes useful to create a base file <samp><span class="file">cmmf.base</span></samp> (a.k.a. <samp><span class="file">cm.base</span></samp>), with the Computer Modern macros also included in the base file. Nowadays, however, the additional time required to read <samp><span class="file">cmbase.mf</span></samp> is exceedingly small, usually not enough to be worth the administrative hassle of updating the <samp><span class="file">cmmf.base</span></samp> file when you install a new version of <samp><span class="file">modes.mf</span></samp>. -<a name="index-type-design_002c-personal-401"></a>People actually working on a typeface may still find it worthwhile to +<a name="index-type-design_002c-personal-399"></a>People actually working on a typeface may still find it worthwhile to create their own base file, of course. <div class="node"> @@ -1992,16 +1989,16 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.3 Modes: Device definitions for Metafont</h3> -<p><a name="index-modes-file-needed-for-Metafont-402"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-need-mode-definitions-403"></a><a name="index-device-definitions_002c-for-Metafont-404"></a><a name="index-printer-characteristics_002c-for-Metafont-405"></a>Running Metafont and creating Metafont base files requires information +<p><a name="index-modes-file-needed-for-Metafont-400"></a><a name="index-base-files_002c-need-mode-definitions-401"></a><a name="index-device-definitions_002c-for-Metafont-402"></a><a name="index-printer-characteristics_002c-for-Metafont-403"></a>Running Metafont and creating Metafont base files requires information that TeX and MetaPost do not: <dfn>mode</dfn> definitions which specify device characteristics, so Metafont can properly rasterize the shapes. - <p><a name="index-modes_002emf-_0040r_007brecommended-modes-file_007d-406"></a>When making a base file, a file containing modes for locally-available + <p><a name="index-modes_002emf-_0040r_007brecommended-modes-file_007d-404"></a>When making a base file, a file containing modes for locally-available devices should be input after <samp><span class="file">plain.mf</span></samp>. One commonly used file is <a href="ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf">ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf</a>; it includes all known definitions. - <p><a name="index-small-Metafont-memory-and-modes-407"></a><a name="index-mode_005fdef-408"></a><a name="index-mode_005fsetup-409"></a>If, however, for some reason you have decreased the memory available in + <p><a name="index-small-Metafont-memory-and-modes-405"></a><a name="index-mode_005fdef-406"></a><a name="index-mode_005fsetup-407"></a>If, however, for some reason you have decreased the memory available in your Metafont, you may need to copy <samp><span class="file">modes.mf</span></samp> and remove the definitions irrelevant to you (probably most of them) instead of using it directly. (Or, if you're a Metafont hacker, maybe you can suggest a @@ -2014,7 +2011,7 @@ comments in that file for how to create the new definition, and please send the definition to <a href="mailto:tex-fonts@math.utah.edu">tex-fonts@math.utah.edu</a> to get it included in the next release of <samp><span class="file">modes.mf</span></samp>. - <p><a name="index-smode-_0040r_007band-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definition_007d-410"></a><a name="index-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definitions-with-_0040code_007bsmode_007d-411"></a>Usually, when you run Metafont you must supply the name of a mode that + <p><a name="index-smode-_0040r_007band-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definition_007d-408"></a><a name="index-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definitions-with-_0040code_007bsmode_007d-409"></a>Usually, when you run Metafont you must supply the name of a mode that was dumped in the base file. But you can also define the mode characteristics dynamically, by invoking Metafont with an assignment to <code>smode</code> instead of <code>mode</code>, like this: @@ -2050,13 +2047,13 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.4 Online Metafont graphics</h3> -<p><a name="index-online-Metafont-graphics-412"></a><a name="index-Metafont-graphics-413"></a> +<p><a name="index-online-Metafont-graphics-410"></a><a name="index-Metafont-graphics-411"></a> The Web2c implementation of Metafont can do online graphics with a number of devices. (See the Metafont manual for more information about how to draw on your screen.) By default, no graphics support is enabled. - <p><a name="index-MFTERM-414"></a><a name="index-TERM-415"></a>Metafont examines the <code>MFTERM</code> environment variable or config file + <p><a name="index-MFTERM-412"></a><a name="index-TERM-413"></a>Metafont examines the <code>MFTERM</code> environment variable or config file value at runtime, or the <code>TERM</code> environment variable if <code>MFTERM</code> is not set, to determine the device support to use. Naturally, only the devices for which support has been compiled in can @@ -2066,59 +2063,59 @@ be selected. and the corresponding <code>configure</code> option(s) in parentheses. <dl> -<dt><code>epsf</code><a name="index-epsf-416"></a><dd><a name="index-Herberts_002c-Mathias-417"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002depsfwin-418"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-epsfwin</span></samp>’) Pseudo-window server for Encapsulated +<dt><code>epsf</code><a name="index-epsf-414"></a><dd><a name="index-Herberts_002c-Mathias-415"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002depsfwin-416"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-epsfwin</span></samp>’) Pseudo-window server for Encapsulated PostScript (see <samp><span class="file">web2c/window/epsf.c</span></samp>). This device produces an EPS file containing the graphics which would be displayed online on other devices. The name of the EPS file defaults to metafont.eps but can be changed by setting the MFEPSF environment variable to the new filename. Contributed by Mathias Herberts. - <br><dt><code>hp2627</code><a name="index-hp2627-419"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dhp2627win-420"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-hp2627win</span></samp>’) HP2627a color graphics terminals. + <br><dt><code>hp2627</code><a name="index-hp2627-417"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dhp2627win-418"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-hp2627win</span></samp>’) HP2627a color graphics terminals. - <br><dt><code>mftalk</code><a name="index-mftalk-421"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dmftalkwin-422"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-mftalkwin</span></samp>’) Generic window server (see + <br><dt><code>mftalk</code><a name="index-mftalk-419"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dmftalkwin-420"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-mftalkwin</span></samp>’) Generic window server (see <samp><span class="file">web2c/window/mftalk.c</span></samp>). - <br><dt><code>next</code><a name="index-next-423"></a><dd><a name="index-DrawingServant-424"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dnext-425"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-next</span></samp>’) NeXT window system. This requires a separate + <br><dt><code>next</code><a name="index-next-421"></a><dd><a name="index-DrawingServant-422"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dnext-423"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-next</span></samp>’) NeXT window system. This requires a separate program, called <code>DrawingServant</code>, available separately. See the <samp><span class="file">web2c/window/next.c</span></samp>. - <br><dt><code>regis</code><a name="index-regis-426"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dregiswin-427"></a><a name="index-Regis-graphics-support-428"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-regiswin</span></samp>’) Regis terminals. + <br><dt><code>regis</code><a name="index-regis-424"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dregiswin-425"></a><a name="index-Regis-graphics-support-426"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-regiswin</span></samp>’) Regis terminals. - <br><dt><code>sun</code><a name="index-sun-429"></a><dd><a name="index-SunView-430"></a><a name="index-Suntools-431"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dsuntoolswin-432"></a><a name="index-sun_002dgfx_002ec-433"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-suntoolswin</span></samp>’) The old Suntools (not any flavor of X) + <br><dt><code>sun</code><a name="index-sun-427"></a><dd><a name="index-SunView-428"></a><a name="index-Suntools-429"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dsuntoolswin-430"></a><a name="index-sun_002dgfx_002ec-431"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-suntoolswin</span></samp>’) The old Suntools (not any flavor of X) window system. (You can get the even older SunWindows <code>gfx</code> system by using <samp><span class="file">sun-gfx.c</span></samp>.) - <br><dt><code>tek</code><a name="index-tek-434"></a><dd><a name="index-Tektronix-435"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dtektronixwin-436"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-tektronixwin</span></samp>’) Tektronix terminals. + <br><dt><code>tek</code><a name="index-tek-432"></a><dd><a name="index-Tektronix-433"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dtektronixwin-434"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-tektronixwin</span></samp>’) Tektronix terminals. - <p><a name="index-Poole_002c-Simon-437"></a><br><dt><code>uniterm</code><a name="index-uniterm-438"></a><dd><a name="index-Tektronix-4014-439"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dunitermwin-440"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-unitermwin</span></samp>’) Uniterm, Simon Poole's emulator of a smart + <p><a name="index-Poole_002c-Simon-435"></a><br><dt><code>uniterm</code><a name="index-uniterm-436"></a><dd><a name="index-Tektronix-4014-437"></a><a name="index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dunitermwin-438"></a>(‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-unitermwin</span></samp>’) Uniterm, Simon Poole's emulator of a smart Tektronix 4014 terminal. This may work with regular Tektronix terminals as well; it's faster than the driver ‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-tektronixwin</span></samp>’ selects. - <p><a name="index-NO_005fX11WIN-441"></a><a name="index-Xt-442"></a><a name="index-Xlib-443"></a><br><dt><code>xterm</code><a name="index-xterm-444"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dx-445"></a>‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-x</span></samp>’ The X window system (version 11). + <p><a name="index-NO_005fX11WIN-439"></a><a name="index-Xt-440"></a><a name="index-Xlib-441"></a><br><dt><code>xterm</code><a name="index-xterm-442"></a><dd><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dx-443"></a>‘<samp><span class="samp">--with-x</span></samp>’ The X window system (version 11). - <p><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dmf_002dx_002dtoolkit_003d_0040var_007bkit_007d-446"></a><a name="index-toolkits_002c-X-447"></a><a name="index-X-toolkits-and-Metafont-448"></a><a name="index-Xt-support-449"></a><a name="index-Xlib-support-450"></a>There are two variants of the X11 support, one that works with the Xt + <p><a name="index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dmf_002dx_002dtoolkit_003d_0040var_007bkit_007d-444"></a><a name="index-toolkits_002c-X-445"></a><a name="index-X-toolkits-and-Metafont-446"></a><a name="index-Xt-support-447"></a><a name="index-Xlib-support-448"></a>There are two variants of the X11 support, one that works with the Xt toolkit, and another that works directly with Xlib. The Xt support is more efficient and has more functionality, so it is the default. If you must use the Xlib support, use ‘<samp><span class="samp">configure --with-x --with-kf-x-toolkit=no</span></samp>’. - <p><a name="index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002dmf_002dnowin-451"></a><a name="index-non_002dwindows_002dcapable-Metafont-452"></a>Specify ‘<samp><span class="samp">--disable-mf-nowin</span></samp>’ in order not to build a separate + <p><a name="index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002dmf_002dnowin-449"></a><a name="index-non_002dwindows_002dcapable-Metafont-450"></a>Specify ‘<samp><span class="samp">--disable-mf-nowin</span></samp>’ in order not to build a separate non-windows-capable Metafont executable <code>mf-nowin</code> (or <code>mf-nowin.exe</code>). - <p><a name="index-X-resources-453"></a><a name="index-X-class-name-for-Metafont-454"></a><a name="index-class-name-for-Metafont-455"></a><a name="index-geometry-for-Metafont-456"></a><a name="index-Metafont-geometry-457"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eXdefaults-458"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eXresources-459"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dgeometry_0040r_007b_002c-supported-with-Xt_007d-460"></a>You cannot specify any of the usual X options (e.g., ‘<samp><span class="samp">-geometry</span></samp>’) + <p><a name="index-X-resources-451"></a><a name="index-X-class-name-for-Metafont-452"></a><a name="index-class-name-for-Metafont-453"></a><a name="index-geometry-for-Metafont-454"></a><a name="index-Metafont-geometry-455"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eXdefaults-456"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eXresources-457"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dgeometry_0040r_007b_002c-supported-with-Xt_007d-458"></a>You cannot specify any of the usual X options (e.g., ‘<samp><span class="samp">-geometry</span></samp>’) on the Metafont command line, but you can specify X resources in your <samp><span class="file">~/.Xdefaults</span></samp> or <samp><span class="file">~/.Xresources</span></samp> file. The class name is <code>Metafont</code>. If you're using the Xt support, all the usual X toolkit resources are supported. If you're using the Xlib support, only the <code>geometry</code> resource is supported. - <p><a name="index-DISPLAY-461"></a>You specify the X display to which Metafont connects in the + <p><a name="index-DISPLAY-459"></a>You specify the X display to which Metafont connects in the <code>DISPLAY</code> environment variable, as usual. </dl> - <p><a name="index-Metafont-online-support_002c-new-devices-462"></a><a name="index-new-graphics-support-for-Metafont-463"></a><a name="index-texmfmp_002ec-464"></a>Writing support for a new device is straightforward. Aside from defining + <p><a name="index-Metafont-online-support_002c-new-devices-460"></a><a name="index-new-graphics-support-for-Metafont-461"></a><a name="index-texmfmp_002ec-462"></a>Writing support for a new device is straightforward. Aside from defining the basic drawing routines that Metafont uses (see <samp><span class="file">mf.web</span></samp>), you only have to add another entry to the tables on the last page of <samp><span class="file">web2c/lib/texmfmp.c</span></samp>. Or you can write an independent program and @@ -2135,7 +2132,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.5 GFtoDVI: Character proofs of fonts</h3> -<p><a name="index-gftodvi-465"></a><a name="index-character-proofs-of-fonts-466"></a><a name="index-font-proofs-467"></a><a name="index-proof-sheets_002c-of-fonts-468"></a> +<p><a name="index-gftodvi-463"></a><a name="index-character-proofs-of-fonts-464"></a><a name="index-font-proofs-465"></a><a name="index-proof-sheets_002c-of-fonts-466"></a> GFtoDVI makes <dfn>proof sheets</dfn> from a GF bitmap file as output by, for example, Metafont (see <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a>). This is an indispensable aid for font designers or Metafont hackers. Synopsis: @@ -2160,17 +2157,17 @@ with labels, titles, and annotations, as specified in Appendix H <p>GFtoDVI uses several fonts besides <var>gfname</var> itself: <ul> -<li><a name="index-gray-font-469"></a><dfn>gray font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">gray</span></samp>): for the pixels that actually make +<li><a name="index-gray-font-467"></a><dfn>gray font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">gray</span></samp>): for the pixels that actually make up the character. Simply using black is not right, since then labels, key points, and other information could not be shown. - <li><a name="index-title-font-470"></a><dfn>title font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">cmr8</span></samp>): for the header information at + <li><a name="index-title-font-468"></a><dfn>title font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">cmr8</span></samp>): for the header information at the top of each output page. - <li><a name="index-label-font-471"></a><dfn>label font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">cmtt10</span></samp>): for the labels on key points + <li><a name="index-label-font-469"></a><dfn>label font</dfn> (default <samp><span class="file">cmtt10</span></samp>): for the labels on key points of the figure. - <li><a name="index-slant-font-472"></a><dfn>slant font</dfn> (no default): for diagonal lines, which are otherwise + <li><a name="index-slant-font-470"></a><dfn>slant font</dfn> (no default): for diagonal lines, which are otherwise simulated using horizontal and vertical rules. </ul> @@ -2192,7 +2189,7 @@ should produce <samp><span class="file">rtest.dvi</span></samp>, which you proce ‘<samp><span class="samp">-verbose</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-overflow-label-offset=</span><var>points</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doverflow_002dlabel_002doffset_003d_0040var_007bpoints_007d-473"></a><a name="index-overflow-label-offset-474"></a><a name="index-offset-for-overflow-labels-475"></a>Typeset the so-called overflow labels, if any, <var>points</var> TeX +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-overflow-label-offset=</span><var>points</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doverflow_002dlabel_002doffset_003d_0040var_007bpoints_007d-471"></a><a name="index-overflow-label-offset-472"></a><a name="index-offset-for-overflow-labels-473"></a>Typeset the so-called overflow labels, if any, <var>points</var> TeX points from the right edge of the character bounding box. The default is a little over two inches (ten million scaled points, to be precise). Overflow equations are used to locate coordinates when their actual @@ -2209,8 +2206,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Metafont">Metafont</a> <h3 class="section">5.6 MFT: Prettyprinting Metafont source</h3> -<p><a name="index-mft-476"></a><a name="index-Metafont-source_002c-prettyprinting-477"></a><a name="index-prettyprinting-Metafont-source-478"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-Metafont-479"></a> -<a name="index-mftmac_002etex-480"></a>MFT translates a Metafont program into a TeX document suitable for +<p><a name="index-mft-474"></a><a name="index-Metafont-source_002c-prettyprinting-475"></a><a name="index-prettyprinting-Metafont-source-476"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-Metafont-477"></a> +<a name="index-mftmac_002etex-478"></a>MFT translates a Metafont program into a TeX document suitable for typesetting, with the aid of TeX macros defined in the file <samp><span class="file">mftmac.tex</span></samp>. Synopsis: @@ -2229,7 +2226,7 @@ indentation and line breaks. Each line of input is translated independently of the others. <p>Further control is allowed via Metafont comments: -<a name="index-comments_002c-MFT-control-481"></a> +<a name="index-comments_002c-MFT-control-479"></a> <ul> <li>Metafont comments following a single ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’ should be valid TeX input. But Metafont material can be included within vertical bars in a @@ -2266,27 +2263,27 @@ of such a line. <li>Five or more ‘<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>’ signs should not be used. </ul> - <p><a name="index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-482"></a>(The above description was edited from <samp><span class="file">mft.web</span></samp>, written by + <p><a name="index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-480"></a>(The above description was edited from <samp><span class="file">mft.web</span></samp>, written by D.E. Knuth<!-- /@w -->.) <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-change=</span><var>chfile</var><span class="samp">[.ch]</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dchange_003d_0040var_007bchfile_007d-483"></a><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-MFT-484"></a>Apply the change file <var>chfile</var> as with Tangle and Weave +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-change=</span><var>chfile</var><span class="samp">[.ch]</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dchange_003d_0040var_007bchfile_007d-481"></a><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-MFT-482"></a>Apply the change file <var>chfile</var> as with Tangle and Weave (see <a href="#WEB">WEB</a>). - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-style=</span><var>mftfile</var><span class="samp">[.mft]</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dstyle_003d_0040var_007bmftfile_007d-485"></a><a name="index-style-files-486"></a><a name="index-plain_002emft-487"></a>Read <var>mftfile</var> before anything else; a MFT style file typically + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-style=</span><var>mftfile</var><span class="samp">[.mft]</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dstyle_003d_0040var_007bmftfile_007d-483"></a><a name="index-style-files-484"></a><a name="index-plain_002emft-485"></a>Read <var>mftfile</var> before anything else; a MFT style file typically contains only MFT directives as described above. The default style file is named <samp><span class="file">plain.mft</span></samp>, which defines this properly for programs using plain Metafont. The MFT files is searched along the <code>MFTINPUTS</code> path; see <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>. - <p><a name="index-cmbase_002emft-488"></a><a name="index-e_002emft-489"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040cite_007bComputer-Modern-Typefaces_007d_002c-production-of-490"></a>Other examples of MFT style files are <samp><span class="file">cmbase.mft</span></samp>, which defines + <p><a name="index-cmbase_002emft-486"></a><a name="index-e_002emft-487"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040cite_007bComputer-Modern-Typefaces_007d_002c-production-of-488"></a>Other examples of MFT style files are <samp><span class="file">cmbase.mft</span></samp>, which defines formatting rules for the macros defined in <samp><span class="file">cm.base</span></samp>, and <samp><span class="file">e.mft</span></samp>, which was used in the production of Knuth's Volume <!-- /@w -->E, <cite>Computer Modern Typefaces</cite>. - <p><a name="index-MetaPost-source_002c-prettyprinting-491"></a>Using an appropriate MFT style file, it is also possible to configure + <p><a name="index-MetaPost-source_002c-prettyprinting-489"></a>Using an appropriate MFT style file, it is also possible to configure MFT for typesetting MetaPost sources. However, MFT does not search the usual places for MetaPost input files. </dl> @@ -2306,7 +2303,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">6 MetaPost: Creating technical illustrations</h2> -<p><a name="index-MetaPost-492"></a><a name="index-PostScript-meets-Metafont-493"></a><a name="index-Metafont-meets-PostScript-494"></a>MetaPost is a picture-drawing language similar to Metafont +<p><a name="index-MetaPost-490"></a><a name="index-PostScript-meets-Metafont-491"></a><a name="index-Metafont-meets-PostScript-492"></a>MetaPost is a picture-drawing language similar to Metafont (see <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a>), but instead of outputting bitmaps in a “font”, it outputs PostScript commands. It's primarily intended for creating technical illustrations. @@ -2331,8 +2328,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a> <h3 class="section">6.1 <code>mpost</code> invocation</h3> -<p><a name="index-mpost-495"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-invocation-496"></a> -<a name="index-mpman_002eps-497"></a>MetaPost (installed as <code>mpost</code>) reads a series of pictures +<p><a name="index-mpost-493"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-invocation-494"></a> +<a name="index-mpman_002eps-495"></a>MetaPost (installed as <code>mpost</code>) reads a series of pictures specified in the MetaPost programming language, and outputs corresponding PostScript code. This section merely describes the options available in the Web2c implementation. For a complete @@ -2347,7 +2344,7 @@ also: related information). </ul> - <p><a name="index-mpgraph_002eps-498"></a>Also, a standard MetaPost package for drawing graphs is documented in + <p><a name="index-mpgraph_002eps-496"></a>Also, a standard MetaPost package for drawing graphs is documented in AT&T technical report CSTR-164, available as the file <samp><span class="file">mpgraph.ps</span></samp>, generally stored alongside <samp><span class="file">mpman.ps</span></samp>. @@ -2359,13 +2356,13 @@ Synopses: mpost [<var>option</var>]... \<var>first-line</var> mpost [<var>option</var>]... &<var>mem</var> <var>args</var> </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_002emp-499"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-input-files-500"></a>MetaPost searches the usual places for the main input file <var>mpname</var> + <p><a name="index-g_t_002emp-497"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-input-files-498"></a>MetaPost searches the usual places for the main input file <var>mpname</var> (see <a href="kpathsea.html#Supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a>), extending <var>mpname</var> with <samp><span class="file">.mp</span></samp> if necessary. To see all the relevant paths, set the environment variable <code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code> to ‘<samp><span class="samp">-1</span></samp>’ before running the program. - <p><a name="index-beginfig-501"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007d-_0040r_007bPostScript-figures_007d-502"></a><a name="index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-503"></a><a name="index-mpout-504"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-MetaPost-505"></a><a name="index-PostScript-output-506"></a>MetaPost writes its PostScript output to a series of files + <p><a name="index-beginfig-499"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007d-_0040r_007bPostScript-figures_007d-500"></a><a name="index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-501"></a><a name="index-mpout-502"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-MetaPost-503"></a><a name="index-PostScript-output-504"></a>MetaPost writes its PostScript output to a series of files <samp><var>basempname</var><span class="file">.</span><var>nnn</var></samp> (or perhaps <samp><var>basempname</var><span class="file">.ps</span></samp>, very occasionally <samp><var>basempname</var><span class="file">.tfm</span></samp>), where <var>nnn</var> are the figure numbers @@ -2380,7 +2377,7 @@ with any other PostScript figures. For example, with this TeX command: </pre> <p class="noindent">or by using <samp><span class="file">epsf.tex</span></samp> (see <a href="dvips.html#EPSF-macros">EPSF macros</a>). - <p><a name="index-btex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-507"></a><a name="index-etex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-508"></a>The MetaPost construct + <p><a name="index-btex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-505"></a><a name="index-etex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-506"></a>The MetaPost construct <pre class="example"> btex ... <var>tex-input</var> ... etex </pre> <p class="noindent">generates a MetaPost picture expression corresponding to @@ -2402,12 +2399,12 @@ package (unfortunately absent from many Troff implementations), or an equivalent such as the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-m pspic</span></samp>’ macros from GNU groff described in grops(1). - <p><a name="index-PostScript-fonts_002c-and-Troff-509"></a><a name="index-Troff_002c-and-MetaPost-510"></a><a name="index-Computer-Modern-fonts_002c-and-Troff-511"></a>Naturally, you must use fonts that are supported by the typesetter; + <p><a name="index-PostScript-fonts_002c-and-Troff-507"></a><a name="index-Troff_002c-and-MetaPost-508"></a><a name="index-Computer-Modern-fonts_002c-and-Troff-509"></a>Naturally, you must use fonts that are supported by the typesetter; specifically, you'll probably want to use standard PostScript fonts with Troff. And only the TeX system understands Computer Modern or other Metafont fonts; you can also use PostScript fonts with TeX, of course. - <p><a name="index-mproof_002etex-512"></a><a name="index-downloading-of-fonts-for-MetaPost-labels-513"></a><a name="index-font-downloading-for-MetaPost-labels-514"></a>MetaPost-generated PostScript figures which do use Computer Modern fonts + <p><a name="index-mproof_002etex-510"></a><a name="index-downloading-of-fonts-for-MetaPost-labels-511"></a><a name="index-font-downloading-for-MetaPost-labels-512"></a>MetaPost-generated PostScript figures which do use Computer Modern fonts for labels cannot be directly previewed or printed. Instead, you must include them in a TeX document and run the resulting DVI file through Dvips to arrange for the downloading of the required fonts (see <a href="dvips.html#Fonts-in-figures">Fonts in figures</a>). To help with this, the MetaPost @@ -2417,20 +2414,20 @@ typically called as: </pre> <p class="noindent">The resulting file <samp><span class="file">mproof.ps</span></samp> can then be printed or previewed. - <p><a name="index-prologues_0040r_007b_002c-and-EPSF-output_007d-515"></a><a name="index-psfonts_002emap_0040r_007b_002c-read-by-MetaPost_007d-516"></a>To generate EPSF files, set the internal MetaPost variable + <p><a name="index-prologues_0040r_007b_002c-and-EPSF-output_007d-513"></a><a name="index-psfonts_002emap_0040r_007b_002c-read-by-MetaPost_007d-514"></a>To generate EPSF files, set the internal MetaPost variable <code>prologues</code> positive. To make the output files self-contained, use only standard PostScript fonts. MetaPost reads the same <samp><span class="file">psfonts.map</span></samp> file as Dvips, to determine PostScript fonts that need to be downloaded (see <a href="dvips.html#psfonts_002emap">psfonts.map</a>). - <p><a name="index-PDF_002c-and-_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-517"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-and-PDF-518"></a>It is posible for pdfTeX to read MetaPost output directly; this is + <p><a name="index-PDF_002c-and-_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-515"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-and-PDF-516"></a>It is posible for pdfTeX to read MetaPost output directly; this is in contrast to general EPSF files, which have to be converted for use with PDF output. The easiest way is to name the MetaPost output files with the <code>.mps</code> extension. Then the LaTeX <code>\includegraphics</code> command, for example, will be able to read them, even when outputting PDF. - <p><a name="index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007bwrite_007d-519"></a>MetaPost can write output files, via the <code>write</code> primitive; this + <p><a name="index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007bwrite_007d-517"></a>MetaPost can write output files, via the <code>write</code> primitive; this opens a security hole. See <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a>. <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard @@ -2439,9 +2436,9 @@ opens a security hole. See <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a>. <dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]-file-line-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-fmt=</span><var>fmtname</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-halt-on-error</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-ini</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-interaction=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-jobname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-kpathsea-debug=</span><var>number</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-[no]parse-first-line</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-directory</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-progname=</span><var>string</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-recorder</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-translate-file=</span><var>tcxfile</var></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’<dd>These options are common to TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost. See <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-T</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-troff</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dT-520"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dtroff-521"></a><a name="index-prologues-522"></a>Set the <code>prologues</code> internal variable to <code>1</code>. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-T</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-troff</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dT-518"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dtroff-519"></a><a name="index-prologues-520"></a>Set the <code>prologues</code> internal variable to <code>1</code>. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-tex=</span><var>texprogram</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dtex_003d_0040var_007btexprogram_007d-523"></a>When this option is given, the program <var>texprogram</var> is used to + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-tex=</span><var>texprogram</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dtex_003d_0040var_007btexprogram_007d-521"></a>When this option is given, the program <var>texprogram</var> is used to typeset the labels. </dl> @@ -2457,7 +2454,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a> <h3 class="section">6.2 Initial MetaPost</h3> -<p><a name="index-initial-MetaPost-524"></a><a name="index-MetaPost_002c-initial-525"></a> +<p><a name="index-initial-MetaPost-522"></a><a name="index-MetaPost_002c-initial-523"></a> As of MetaPost 1.504 (TeX Live 2011), MetaPost no longer dumps <samp><span class="file">.mem</span></samp> files (see <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a>) and does not distinguish virgin and initial forms (see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a>). Instead, the @@ -2466,7 +2463,7 @@ virgin and initial forms (see <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</ <p>For a list of options and other information, see <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a>. - <p><a name="index-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-526"></a><a name="index-plain-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-527"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-and-plain-Metafont-compatibility-528"></a><a name="index-mfplain-529"></a>MetaPost provides a format with all the features of plain Metafont, + <p><a name="index-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-524"></a><a name="index-plain-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-525"></a><a name="index-MetaPost-and-plain-Metafont-compatibility-526"></a><a name="index-mfplain-527"></a>MetaPost provides a format with all the features of plain Metafont, called <samp><span class="file">mfplain</span></samp>. You can use that in the same way; just run <samp><span class="command">mfplain</span></samp> instead of <samp><span class="command">mpost</span></samp>. This lets you directly process Metafont source files with MetaPost, producing character @@ -2483,7 +2480,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a> <h3 class="section">6.3 DVItoMP: DVI to MPX conversion</h3> -<p><a name="index-dvitomp-530"></a><a name="index-DVI-files_002c-converting-to-MPX-531"></a><a name="index-MPX-files_002c-converting-from-DVI-files-532"></a> +<p><a name="index-dvitomp-528"></a><a name="index-DVI-files_002c-converting-to-MPX-529"></a><a name="index-MPX-files_002c-converting-from-DVI-files-530"></a> DVItoMP converts DVI files into low-level MetaPost commands in a so-called MPX file. Synopsis: @@ -2493,7 +2490,7 @@ so-called MPX file. Synopsis: <var>dvifile</var> extended with <samp><span class="file">.mpx</span></samp>, e.g., ‘<samp><span class="samp">dvitomp /wherever/foo.dvi</span></samp>’ creates <samp><span class="file">./foo.mpx</span></samp>. - <p><a name="index-color_002c-in-DVItoMP-533"></a>DVItoMP supports Dvips-style color specials, such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">color push + <p><a name="index-color_002c-in-DVItoMP-531"></a>DVItoMP supports Dvips-style color specials, such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">color push </span><var>name</var></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">color pop</span></samp>’, outputting them as <code>withcolor</code> MetaPost commands. @@ -2510,7 +2507,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">7 BibTeX: Bibliographies</h2> -<p><a name="index-bibliographies_002c-creating-534"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-535"></a> +<p><a name="index-bibliographies_002c-creating-532"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-533"></a> BibTeX automates much of the job of typesetting bibliographies, and makes bibliography entries reusable in many different contexts. @@ -2529,8 +2526,8 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a> <h3 class="section">7.1 BibTeX invocation</h3> -<p><a name="index-bibtex-536"></a> -<a name="index-g_t_002ebbl-_0040r_007bbibliography-files_007d-537"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eaux-_0040r_007bcross_002dreference-files_007d-538"></a><a name="index-g_t_002ebib-_0040r_007bbibliography-databases_007d-539"></a>BibTeX creates a printable bibliography (<samp><span class="file">.bbl</span></samp>) file from +<p><a name="index-bibtex-534"></a> +<a name="index-g_t_002ebbl-_0040r_007bbibliography-files_007d-535"></a><a name="index-g_t_002eaux-_0040r_007bcross_002dreference-files_007d-536"></a><a name="index-g_t_002ebib-_0040r_007bbibliography-databases_007d-537"></a>BibTeX creates a printable bibliography (<samp><span class="file">.bbl</span></samp>) file from references in a <samp><span class="file">.aux</span></samp> file, generally written by TeX or LaTeX. The <samp><span class="file">.bbl</span></samp> file is then incorporated on a subsequent run. The basic bibliographic information comes from <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> files, @@ -2539,12 +2536,12 @@ of the <samp><span class="file">.bbl</span></samp> file. Synopsis: <pre class="example"> bibtex [<var>option</var>]... <var>auxfile</var>[.aux] </pre> - <p><a name="index-g_t_002eblg-_0040r_007bBib_0040TeX_007b_007d-log-file_007d-540"></a><a name="index-log-file_002c-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-541"></a>The output goes to the basename of <var>auxfile</var> extended with + <p><a name="index-g_t_002eblg-_0040r_007bBib_0040TeX_007b_007d-log-file_007d-538"></a><a name="index-log-file_002c-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-539"></a>The output goes to the basename of <var>auxfile</var> extended with <samp><span class="file">.bbl</span></samp>; for example, ‘<samp><span class="samp">bibtex /wherever/foo.aux</span></samp>’ creates <samp><span class="file">./foo.bbl</span></samp>. BibTeX also writes a log file to the basename of <var>auxfile</var> extended with ‘<samp><span class="samp">.blg</span></samp>’. - <p><a name="index-g_t_005cbibliography-542"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cbibliographystyle-543"></a><a name="index-TEXBIB_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-544"></a><a name="index-BIBINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-545"></a><a name="index-BSTINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bst-files_007d-546"></a>The names of the <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">.bst</span></samp> files are specified in the + <p><a name="index-g_t_005cbibliography-540"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cbibliographystyle-541"></a><a name="index-TEXBIB_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-542"></a><a name="index-BIBINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-543"></a><a name="index-BSTINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bst-files_007d-544"></a>The names of the <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">.bst</span></samp> files are specified in the <samp><span class="file">.aux</span></samp> file as well, via the <samp><span class="file">\bibliography</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">\bibliographystyle</span></samp> (La)TeX macros. BibTeX searches for <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> files using the <code>BIBINPUTS</code> and <code>TEXBIB</code> paths, @@ -2554,9 +2551,9 @@ and for <samp><span class="file">.bst</span></samp> files using <code>BSTINPUTS< <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-terse</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dterse-547"></a><a name="index-terse-output-548"></a><a name="index-verbose-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-output_002c-suppressing-549"></a>Suppress the program banner and progress reports normally output. +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-terse</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dterse-545"></a><a name="index-terse-output-546"></a><a name="index-verbose-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-output_002c-suppressing-547"></a>Suppress the program banner and progress reports normally output. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-min-crossrefs=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmin_002dcrossrefs_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-550"></a><a name="index-cross_002dreferenced-bibliography-items-551"></a><a name="index-bibliography-items_002c-cross_002dreferenced-552"></a>If at least <var>n</var> (2 by default) bibliography entries refer to another + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-min-crossrefs=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmin_002dcrossrefs_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-548"></a><a name="index-cross_002dreferenced-bibliography-items-549"></a><a name="index-bibliography-items_002c-cross_002dreferenced-550"></a>If at least <var>n</var> (2 by default) bibliography entries refer to another entry <var>e</var> via their <code>crossref</code> field, include <var>e</var> in the <tt>.bbl</tt> file, even if it was not explicitly referenced in the <tt>.aux</tt> file. For example, <var>e</var> might be a conference proceedings as a whole, @@ -2568,15 +2565,15 @@ large number. <p>See also: <dl> -<dt><samp><span class="file">btxdoc.tex</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxdoc_002etex-553"></a>Basic LaTeXable documentation for general BibTeX users. +<dt><samp><span class="file">btxdoc.tex</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxdoc_002etex-551"></a>Basic LaTeXable documentation for general BibTeX users. - <br><dt><samp><span class="file">btxhak.tex</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxhak_002etex-554"></a><a name="index-style-design_002c-for-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-555"></a>LaTeXable documentation for style designers. + <br><dt><samp><span class="file">btxhak.tex</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxhak_002etex-552"></a><a name="index-style-design_002c-for-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-553"></a>LaTeXable documentation for style designers. - <br><dt><samp><span class="file">btxdoc.bib</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxdoc_002ebib-556"></a>BibTeX database file for the two above documents. + <br><dt><samp><span class="file">btxdoc.bib</span></samp><dd><a name="index-btxdoc_002ebib-554"></a>BibTeX database file for the two above documents. - <br><dt><samp><span class="file">xampl.bib</span></samp><dd><a name="index-xampl_002ebib-557"></a>Example database file with all the standard entry types. + <br><dt><samp><span class="file">xampl.bib</span></samp><dd><a name="index-xampl_002ebib-555"></a>Example database file with all the standard entry types. - <br><dt><samp><span class="file"><a href="ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/">ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/</a></span></samp><dd><a name="index-ftp_002emath_002eutah_002eedu-558"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-collection-559"></a><a name="index-TUGboat-bibliography-560"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-bibliographies-for-561"></a>A very large <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">.bst</span></samp> collection, including + <br><dt><samp><span class="file"><a href="ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/">ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/</a></span></samp><dd><a name="index-ftp_002emath_002eutah_002eedu-556"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-collection-557"></a><a name="index-TUGboat-bibliography-558"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-bibliographies-for-559"></a>A very large <samp><span class="file">.bib</span></samp> and <samp><span class="file">.bst</span></samp> collection, including references for all the standard TeX books and a complete bibliography for TUGboat. </dl> @@ -2591,34 +2588,34 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a> <h3 class="section">7.2 Basic BibTeX style files</h3> -<p><a name="index-basic-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-562"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-563"></a> +<p><a name="index-basic-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-560"></a><a name="index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-561"></a> Here are descriptions of the four standard and four semi-standard basic BibTeX styles. <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/biblio/bibtex</span></samp> contains these and many more (for CTAN info, see <a href="kpathsea.html#unixtex_002eftp">unixtex.ftp</a>). <dl> -<dt><code>plain</code><dd><a name="index-plain_002ebst-564"></a>Sorts entries alphabetically, with numeric labels. Generally formatted +<dt><code>plain</code><dd><a name="index-plain_002ebst-562"></a>Sorts entries alphabetically, with numeric labels. Generally formatted according to van Leunen's <cite>A Handbook for Scholars</cite>. The other style files listed here are based on <code>plain</code>. - <br><dt><code>abbrv</code><dd><a name="index-abbrv_002ebst-565"></a>First names, month names, and journal names are abbreviated. + <br><dt><code>abbrv</code><dd><a name="index-abbrv_002ebst-563"></a>First names, month names, and journal names are abbreviated. - <br><dt><code>acm</code><dd><a name="index-acm_002ebst-566"></a>Names are printed in small caps. + <br><dt><code>acm</code><dd><a name="index-acm_002ebst-564"></a>Names are printed in small caps. - <br><dt><code>alpha</code><dd><a name="index-alpha_002ebst-567"></a>Alphanumeric labels, e.g., ‘<samp><span class="samp">Knu66</span></samp>’. + <br><dt><code>alpha</code><dd><a name="index-alpha_002ebst-565"></a>Alphanumeric labels, e.g., ‘<samp><span class="samp">Knu66</span></samp>’. - <br><dt><code>apalike</code><dd><a name="index-apalike_002ebst-568"></a>No labels at all; instead, the year appears in parentheses after the author. + <br><dt><code>apalike</code><dd><a name="index-apalike_002ebst-566"></a>No labels at all; instead, the year appears in parentheses after the author. Use this in conjunction with <samp><span class="file">apalike.tex</span></samp> (plain TeX) or <samp><span class="file">apalike.sty</span></samp> (LaTeX), which also changes the citations in the text to be ‘<samp><span class="samp">(</span><var>author</var><span class="samp">, </span><var>year</var><span class="samp">)</span></samp>’. - <br><dt><code>ieeetr</code><dd><a name="index-ieeetr_002ebst-569"></a>Numeric labels, entries in citation order, <span class="sc">ieee</span> abbreviations, + <br><dt><code>ieeetr</code><dd><a name="index-ieeetr_002ebst-567"></a>Numeric labels, entries in citation order, <span class="sc">ieee</span> abbreviations, article titles in quotes. - <br><dt><code>siam</code><dd><a name="index-siam_002ebst-570"></a>Numeric labels, alphabetic order, <cite>Math. Reviews</cite> + <br><dt><code>siam</code><dd><a name="index-siam_002ebst-568"></a>Numeric labels, alphabetic order, <cite>Math. Reviews</cite> abbreviations, names in small caps. - <br><dt><code>unsrt</code><dd><a name="index-unsrt_002ebst-571"></a>Lists entries in citation order, i.e., unsorted. + <br><dt><code>unsrt</code><dd><a name="index-unsrt_002ebst-569"></a>Lists entries in citation order, i.e., unsorted. <br><dt><code>btxbst.doc</code><dd>The template file and documentation for the standard styles. @@ -2635,7 +2632,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">8 WEB: Literate programming</h2> -<p><a name="index-WEB-572"></a><a name="index-literate-programming-573"></a> +<p><a name="index-WEB-570"></a><a name="index-literate-programming-571"></a> <dfn>WEB</dfn> languages allow you to write a single source file that can produce both a compilable program and a well-formatted document describing the program in as much detail as you wish to prepare. @@ -2643,7 +2640,7 @@ Writing in this kind of dual-purpose language is called <dfn>literate programming</dfn>. (The Usenet newsgroup <samp><span class="file">comp.programming.literate</span></samp> is devoted to this subject.) - <p><a name="index-webman_002etex-574"></a><a name="index-Spiderweb-575"></a><a name="index-Cweb-576"></a><a name="index-CWEB-577"></a><a name="index-Awk_002c-WEB-for-578"></a><a name="index-Ada_002c-WEB-for-579"></a><a name="index-Troff_002c-WEB-for-580"></a>WEB-like languages have been implemented with many pairs of base + <p><a name="index-webman_002etex-572"></a><a name="index-Spiderweb-573"></a><a name="index-Cweb-574"></a><a name="index-CWEB-575"></a><a name="index-Awk_002c-WEB-for-576"></a><a name="index-Ada_002c-WEB-for-577"></a><a name="index-Troff_002c-WEB-for-578"></a>WEB-like languages have been implemented with many pairs of base languages: Cweb provides C and Troff (see <a href="#References">References</a>); CWEB provides C and TeX (<samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/web/c_cpp/cweb</span></samp>); Spiderweb provides C, C++, Awk, Ada, many others, and TeX @@ -2672,18 +2669,18 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#WEB">WEB</a> <h3 class="section">8.1 Tangle: Translate WEB to Pascal</h3> -<p><a name="index-tangle-581"></a><a name="index-Pascal_002c-creating-from-WEB-582"></a><a name="index-WEB-programs_002c-compiling-583"></a> +<p><a name="index-tangle-579"></a><a name="index-Pascal_002c-creating-from-WEB-580"></a><a name="index-WEB-programs_002c-compiling-581"></a> Tangle creates a compilable Pascal program from a WEB source file (see <a href="#WEB">WEB</a>). Synopsis: <pre class="example"> tangle [<var>option</var>]... <var>webfile</var>[.web] [<var>changefile</var>[.ch]] </pre> - <p><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-Tangle-584"></a>The Pascal output is written to the basename of <var>webfile</var> extended + <p><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-Tangle-582"></a>The Pascal output is written to the basename of <var>webfile</var> extended with ‘<samp><span class="samp">.p</span></samp>’; for example, ‘<samp><span class="samp">tangle /wherever/foo.web</span></samp>’ creates <samp><span class="file">./foo.p</span></samp>. Tangle applies <var>changefile</var> to <var>webfile</var> before writing the output; by default, there is no change file. - <p><a name="index-pool-file_002c-writing-585"></a><a name="index-string-pool_002c-writing-586"></a>If the program makes use of the WEB string facility, Tangle writes the + <p><a name="index-pool-file_002c-writing-583"></a><a name="index-string-pool_002c-writing-584"></a>If the program makes use of the WEB string facility, Tangle writes the string pool to the basename of <var>webfile</var> extended with ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pool</span></samp>’. <p>The Pascal output is packed into lines of 72 characters or less, with @@ -2694,20 +2691,20 @@ semicolons when this can be done conveniently. ‘<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">--version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-length=</span><var>number</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dlength_003d_0040var_007bnumber_007d-587"></a><a name="index-identifier-length-588"></a>The number of characters that are considered significant in an +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-length=</span><var>number</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dlength_003d_0040var_007bnumber_007d-585"></a><a name="index-identifier-length-586"></a>The number of characters that are considered significant in an identifier. Whether underline characters are counted depends on the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-underline</span></samp>’ option. The default value is 32, the original tangle used 7, but this proved too restrictive for use by Web2c. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-lowercase</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mixedcase</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-uppercase</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dlowercase-589"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dmixedcase-590"></a><a name="index-g_t_002duppercase-591"></a><a name="index-identifier-case-592"></a>These options specify the case of identifiers in the output of tangle. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-lowercase</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mixedcase</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-uppercase</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dlowercase-587"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dmixedcase-588"></a><a name="index-g_t_002duppercase-589"></a><a name="index-identifier-case-590"></a>These options specify the case of identifiers in the output of tangle. If ‘<samp><span class="samp">-uppercase</span></samp>’ (‘<samp><span class="samp">-lowercase</span></samp>’) is specified, tangle will convert all identfiers to uppercase (lowercase). The default is ‘<samp><span class="samp">-mixedcase</span></samp>’, which specifies that the case will not be changed. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-underline</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dunderline-593"></a><a name="index-identifiers-with-underlines-594"></a>When this option is given, tangle does not strip underline characters + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-underline</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dunderline-591"></a><a name="index-identifiers-with-underlines-592"></a>When this option is given, tangle does not strip underline characters from identifiers. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-loose</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-strict</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dloose-595"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dstrict-596"></a><a name="index-identifier-collisions-597"></a>These options specify how strict tangle must be when checking + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-loose</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-strict</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dloose-593"></a><a name="index-g_t_002dstrict-594"></a><a name="index-identifier-collisions-595"></a>These options specify how strict tangle must be when checking identifiers for equality. The default is ‘<samp><span class="samp">-loose</span></samp>’, which means that tangle will follow the rules set by the case-smashing and underline options above. If ‘<samp><span class="samp">-strict</span></samp>’ is set, then identifiers will always @@ -2727,7 +2724,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#WEB">WEB</a> <h3 class="section">8.2 Weave: Translate WEB to TeX</h3> -<p><a name="index-weave-598"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-WEB-599"></a><a name="index-WEB-programs_002c-typesetting-600"></a><a name="index-prettyprinting-WEB-programs-601"></a> +<p><a name="index-weave-596"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-WEB-597"></a><a name="index-WEB-programs_002c-typesetting-598"></a><a name="index-prettyprinting-WEB-programs-599"></a> Weave creates a TeX document from a WEB source file (see <a href="#WEB">WEB</a>), assuming various macros defined in <samp><span class="file">webmac.tex</span></samp>. It takes care of typographic details such as page layout, indentation, and italicizing @@ -2736,7 +2733,7 @@ cross-reference information. Synopsis: <pre class="example"> weave [<var>option</var>]... <var>webfile</var>[.web] [<var>changefile</var>[.ch]] </pre> - <p><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-Weave-602"></a>The output is to the basename of <var>webfile</var> extended with + <p><a name="index-change-files_002c-and-Weave-600"></a>The output is to the basename of <var>webfile</var> extended with ‘<samp><span class="samp">.tex</span></samp>’; for example, ‘<samp><span class="samp">weave /wherever/foo.web</span></samp>’ creates <samp><span class="file">./foo.tex</span></samp>. Weave applies <var>changefile</var> to <var>webfile</var> before writing the output; by default, there is no change file. @@ -2744,7 +2741,7 @@ before writing the output; by default, there is no change file. <p>The program accepts the following option, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-verbose</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dx-603"></a><a name="index-cross_002dreferences_002c-omitting-604"></a><a name="index-CONTENTS_002etex-605"></a><a name="index-webmac_002etex-606"></a>Omit the cross-reference information: the index, the list of WEB module +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dx-601"></a><a name="index-cross_002dreferences_002c-omitting-602"></a><a name="index-CONTENTS_002etex-603"></a><a name="index-webmac_002etex-604"></a>Omit the cross-reference information: the index, the list of WEB module names, and the table of contents (an empty <samp><span class="file">CONTENTS.tex</span></samp> file will still be written when the Weave output file is processed by TeX using the default <samp><span class="file">webmac.tex</span></samp>, though). @@ -2765,7 +2762,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#WEB">WEB</a> <h3 class="section">8.3 Pooltype: Display WEB pool files</h3> -<p><a name="index-pooltype-607"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-pool-608"></a><a name="index-string-numbers_002c-displaying-609"></a><a name="index-WEB-pool-files_002c-displaying-610"></a> +<p><a name="index-pooltype-605"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-pool-606"></a><a name="index-string-numbers_002c-displaying-607"></a><a name="index-WEB-pool-files_002c-displaying-608"></a> Pooltype shows the so-called <dfn>string number</dfn> of each string in a WEB pool file (see <a href="#WEB">WEB</a>), as output by Tangle (see <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a>), including the first 256 strings corresponding to the possible input characters. Pooltype primarily serves as an example of @@ -2788,7 +2785,7 @@ output. 1314: "Using character substitution: " (23617 characters in all.) </pre> - <p><a name="index-representation-of-strings-611"></a><a name="index-string-representation-612"></a>In Metafont and MetaPost, the first 256 characters are actually + <p><a name="index-representation-of-strings-609"></a><a name="index-string-representation-610"></a>In Metafont and MetaPost, the first 256 characters are actually represented as single bytes (i.e., themselves), not in the ‘<samp><span class="samp">^^</span></samp>’ notation. Consider Pooltype as showing the results after conversion for output. @@ -2804,7 +2801,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">9 DVI utilities</h2> -<p><a name="index-DVI-utilities-613"></a> +<p><a name="index-DVI-utilities-611"></a> TeX outputs a file in <dfn>DVI</dfn> (DeVice Independent) format as a compact representation of the original document. DVI files can be translated to meet the requirements of a real physical device, such as @@ -2813,7 +2810,7 @@ printers (see dvilj(1)), and X displays (see xdvi(1)). In fact, DVI translators are available for virtually all common devices: see <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/dviware</span></samp> (for CTAN info, see <a href="kpathsea.html#unixtex_002eftp">unixtex.ftp</a>). - <p><a name="index-dvitype_002eweb-614"></a><a name="index-DVI-format-definition-615"></a>For the precise definition of the DVI file format, see (for example) the + <p><a name="index-dvitype_002eweb-612"></a><a name="index-DVI-format-definition-613"></a>For the precise definition of the DVI file format, see (for example) the source file <samp><span class="file">web2c/dvitype.web</span></samp>. <p>The DVI-processing programs in the Web2c distribution are not device @@ -2834,7 +2831,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a> <h3 class="section">9.1 DVIcopy: Canonicalize virtual font references</h3> -<p><a name="index-dvicopy-616"></a><a name="index-virtual-fonts_002c-expanding-617"></a> +<p><a name="index-dvicopy-614"></a><a name="index-virtual-fonts_002c-expanding-615"></a> DVIcopy reads a DVI file, expands any references to virtual fonts (see <a href="dvips.html#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a>) to base fonts, and writes the resulting DVI file. Thus you can use virtual fonts even if your DVI @@ -2849,13 +2846,13 @@ standard output if <var>outdvi</var> is not specified. <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-magnification=</span><var>integer</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-618"></a><a name="index-magnification-619"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cmag-620"></a>Override existing magnification in <var>indvi</var> with <var>integer</var>; 1000 +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-magnification=</span><var>integer</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-616"></a><a name="index-magnification-617"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cmag-618"></a>Override existing magnification in <var>indvi</var> with <var>integer</var>; 1000 specifies no magnification. This is equivalent to setting TeX's <code>\mag</code> parameter. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-max-pages=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-621"></a>Process <var>n</var> pages; default is one million. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-max-pages=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-619"></a>Process <var>n</var> pages; default is one million. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-page-start=</span><var>page-spec</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-622"></a><a name="index-starting-page-623"></a><a name="index-page_002c-starting-624"></a><a name="index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-625"></a>Start at the first page matching <var>page-spec</var>, which is one or more + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-page-start=</span><var>page-spec</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-620"></a><a name="index-starting-page-621"></a><a name="index-page_002c-starting-622"></a><a name="index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-623"></a>Start at the first page matching <var>page-spec</var>, which is one or more (signed) integers separated by periods, corresponding to TeX's <code>\count0...9</code> parameters at <code>\shipout</code> time; ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’ matches anything. Examples: ‘<samp><span class="samp">3</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">1.*.-4</span></samp>’. @@ -2871,7 +2868,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a> <h3 class="section">9.2 DVItype: Plain text transliteration of DVI files</h3> -<p><a name="index-dvitype-_0040r_007bDVI-validation_007d-626"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-DVI-to-plain-text-627"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-628"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-629"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-DVI-630"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-DVI-files-631"></a> +<p><a name="index-dvitype-_0040r_007bDVI-validation_007d-624"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-DVI-to-plain-text-625"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-626"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-627"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-DVI-628"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-DVI-files-629"></a> DVItype translates a DeVice Independent (DVI) file (as output by TeX, for example) to a plain text file that humans can read. It also serves as a DVI-validating program, i.e., if DVItype can read a file, it's @@ -2890,16 +2887,16 @@ relevant paths, set the environment variable <code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code> to <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-dpi=</span><var>real</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ddpi_003d_0040var_007breal_007d-632"></a>Do pixel movement calculations at <var>real</var> pixels per inch; default +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-dpi=</span><var>real</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002ddpi_003d_0040var_007breal_007d-630"></a>Do pixel movement calculations at <var>real</var> pixels per inch; default 300.0. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-magnification=</span><var>integer</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-633"></a><a name="index-magnification-634"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cmag-635"></a>Override existing magnification in <var>indvi</var> with <var>integer</var>; 1000 + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-magnification=</span><var>integer</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-631"></a><a name="index-magnification-632"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cmag-633"></a>Override existing magnification in <var>indvi</var> with <var>integer</var>; 1000 specifies no magnification. This is equivalent to setting TeX's <code>\mag</code> parameter. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-max-pages=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-636"></a>Process <var>n</var> pages; default is one million. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-max-pages=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-634"></a>Process <var>n</var> pages; default is one million. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-level=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doutput_002dlevel_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-637"></a>Verbosity level of output, from 0 to 4 (default 4): + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-level=</span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002doutput_002dlevel_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-635"></a>Verbosity level of output, from 0 to 4 (default 4): <ul> <li>0: Global document information only. <li>1: Most DVI commands included, and typeset characters summarized. @@ -2909,12 +2906,12 @@ specifies no magnification. This is equivalent to setting TeX's in the file, reading the DVI postamble first. </ul> - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-page-start=</span><var>page-spec</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-638"></a><a name="index-starting-page-639"></a><a name="index-page_002c-starting-640"></a><a name="index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-641"></a>Start at the first page matching <var>page-spec</var>, which is one or more + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-page-start=</span><var>page-spec</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-636"></a><a name="index-starting-page-637"></a><a name="index-page_002c-starting-638"></a><a name="index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-639"></a>Start at the first page matching <var>page-spec</var>, which is one or more (signed) integers separated by periods, corresponding to TeX's <code>\count0...9</code> parameters at <code>\shipout</code> time; ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’ matches anything. Examples: ‘<samp><span class="samp">1</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">5.*.-9</span></samp>’. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-show-opcodes</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshow_002dopcodes-642"></a><a name="index-opcodes_002c-showing-DVI-643"></a><a name="index-DVI-opcodes_002c-showing-644"></a><a name="index-debugging-DVI-utilities-645"></a>Show numeric opcode values (in decimal) for DVI commands, in braces + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-show-opcodes</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dshow_002dopcodes-640"></a><a name="index-opcodes_002c-showing-DVI-641"></a><a name="index-DVI-opcodes_002c-showing-642"></a><a name="index-debugging-DVI-utilities-643"></a>Show numeric opcode values (in decimal) for DVI commands, in braces after the command name. This can help in debugging DVI utilities. We use decimal because in the DVI format documentation (in <samp><span class="file">dvitype.web</span></samp>, among others) the opcodes are shown in decimal. @@ -2933,7 +2930,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation <h4 class="subsection">9.2.1 DVItype output example</h4> -<p><a name="index-dvitype-output-example-646"></a>As an example of the output from DVItype (see section above), here is +<p><a name="index-dvitype-output-example-644"></a>As an example of the output from DVItype (see section above), here is its (abridged) translation of the <samp><span class="file">story.dvi</span></samp> resulting from running the example in <cite>The TeXbook</cite>, with ‘<samp><span class="samp">-output-level=4</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-show-opcodes</span></samp>’ on. @@ -3020,13 +3017,13 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="chapter">10 Font utilities</h2> -<p><a name="index-font-utilities-647"></a> +<p><a name="index-font-utilities-645"></a> The Web2c programs described here convert between various TeX-related font formats; the first section below briefly describes the formats. GFtoPK is the only one that is routinely used, as Metafont outputs GF format, but it's most efficient for device drivers to use PK. - <p><a name="index-pktype_002eweb-648"></a><a name="index-gftype_002eweb-649"></a><a name="index-PK-format-definition-650"></a><a name="index-GF-format-definition-651"></a>The precise definitions of the PK, GF, TFM, PL, VF, and VPL formats + <p><a name="index-pktype_002eweb-646"></a><a name="index-gftype_002eweb-647"></a><a name="index-PK-format-definition-648"></a><a name="index-GF-format-definition-649"></a>The precise definitions of the PK, GF, TFM, PL, VF, and VPL formats mentioned below are in the source files that read them; <samp><span class="file">pktype.web</span></samp>, <samp><span class="file">gftype.web</span></samp>, <samp><span class="file">tftopl.web</span></samp>, etc. @@ -3053,7 +3050,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.1 Font file formats</h3> -<p><a name="index-font-file-formats-652"></a><a name="index-file-formats-for-fonts-653"></a> +<p><a name="index-font-file-formats-650"></a><a name="index-file-formats-for-fonts-651"></a> (For another perspective on this, see <a href="dvips.html#Font-concepts">Font concepts</a>). <p>Font files come in several varieties, with suffixes like: @@ -3061,7 +3058,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> </pre> <p class="noindent">Each represents a file format. - <p><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-explained-654"></a>A TFM (TeX font metric) file is a compact binary file that contains + <p><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-explained-652"></a>A TFM (TeX font metric) file is a compact binary file that contains information about each character in a font, about combinations of characters within that font, and about the font as a whole. The font metric information contained in TFM files is device-independent units is @@ -3070,7 +3067,7 @@ described below, TFM font files contain no information about the shapes of characters. They describe rectangular areas and combinations thereof, but not what will eventually be printed in those areas. - <p><a name="index-scaling-of-fonts-655"></a><a name="index-optical-font-scaling-656"></a><a name="index-geometric-font-scaling-657"></a><a name="index-PostScript_002c-and-font-scaling-658"></a>Since TeX does scaling calculations, one TFM file serves for all + <p><a name="index-scaling-of-fonts-653"></a><a name="index-optical-font-scaling-654"></a><a name="index-geometric-font-scaling-655"></a><a name="index-PostScript_002c-and-font-scaling-656"></a>Since TeX does scaling calculations, one TFM file serves for all magnifications of a given typeface. On the other hand, the best printed results are obtained when magnified (or reduced fonts) are not produced geometrically (as done by PostScript, for example) but rather optically, @@ -3078,7 +3075,7 @@ with each size a separate design (as done with Computer Modern and the EC fonts, for example); then a separate TFM file is needed for each size. - <p><a name="index-DVI-files_002c-explained-659"></a>At any rate, TeX produces a DVI (DeVice Independent) file from your + <p><a name="index-DVI-files_002c-explained-657"></a>At any rate, TeX produces a DVI (DeVice Independent) file from your source document. In order to print DVI files on real devices, you need font files defining digitized character shapes and other data. Then previewers and printer-driver programs can translate your DVI files into @@ -3089,14 +3086,14 @@ font was produced, and the ‘<samp><span class="samp">pk</span></samp>&rsqu indicates the font format. Outline fonts in PostScript Type 1 format have suffixes such as ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pfa</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pfb</span></samp>’. - <p><a name="index-PXL-files_002c-explained-660"></a><a name="index-PK-files_002c-explained-661"></a><a name="index-GF-files_002c-explained-662"></a>Fonts in pk (packed) format are in the tightly packed raster format that + <p><a name="index-PXL-files_002c-explained-658"></a><a name="index-PK-files_002c-explained-659"></a><a name="index-GF-files_002c-explained-660"></a>Fonts in pk (packed) format are in the tightly packed raster format that is pretty much the standard today. They take up less space than fonts in the gf (generic font) format that Metafont generates, and far less space than fonts in pxl format. Fonts in pxl format take up gross amounts of disk space and permit only 128 characters. They are obsolete. - <p><a name="index-PL-files_002c-explained-663"></a>Font files with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pl</span></samp>’ (property list) suffix are the plain text + <p><a name="index-PL-files_002c-explained-661"></a>Font files with the ‘<samp><span class="samp">.pl</span></samp>’ (property list) suffix are the plain text (human-readable) analog of the binary ‘<samp><span class="samp">.tfm</span></samp>’ files. The TFtoPL and PLtoTF programs convert between the two formats (see <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a> and <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a>). @@ -3106,13 +3103,13 @@ These are the files used by Metafont to generate rastered fonts for specific typefaces at specific magnifications for the specific resolution and type of mapping used by your device. - <p><a name="index-virtual_002dfonts_002eknuth-664"></a><a name="index-virtualfonts_002etxt-665"></a>The suffix ‘<samp><span class="samp">.vf</span></samp>’ identifies “virtual font” files, for which + <p><a name="index-virtual_002dfonts_002eknuth-662"></a><a name="index-virtualfonts_002etxt-663"></a>The suffix ‘<samp><span class="samp">.vf</span></samp>’ identifies “virtual font” files, for which ‘<samp><span class="samp">.vpl</span></samp>’ is the human-readable analog. See See <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a>, and <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a>. For further discussion of virtual fonts, see <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/doc/virtual-fonts.knuth</span></samp>, <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/help/virtualfonts.txt</span></samp>, and <a href="dvips.html#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a>. - <p><a name="index-MacKay_002c-Pierre-666"></a><a name="index-Tachikawa_002c-Elizabeth-667"></a>(This section is based on documentation in the original Unix TeX + <p><a name="index-MacKay_002c-Pierre-664"></a><a name="index-Tachikawa_002c-Elizabeth-665"></a>(This section is based on documentation in the original Unix TeX distribution by Pierre MacKay and Elizabeth Tachikawa.) <div class="node"> @@ -3126,7 +3123,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.2 GFtoPK: Generic to packed font conversion</h3> -<p><a name="index-gftopk-668"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-GF-to-PK-669"></a><a name="index-PK_002c-converting-GF-to-670"></a><a name="index-GF_002c-converting-to-PK-671"></a> +<p><a name="index-gftopk-666"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-GF-to-PK-667"></a><a name="index-PK_002c-converting-GF-to-668"></a><a name="index-GF_002c-converting-to-PK-669"></a> GFtoPK converts a generic font (GF) file output by, for example, Metafont (see <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a>) to a packed font (PK) file. PK files are considerably smaller than the corresponding gf files, so they are @@ -3162,7 +3159,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.3 PKtoGF: Packed to generic font conversion</h3> -<p><a name="index-pktogf-672"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-PK-to-GF-673"></a><a name="index-GF_002c-converting-PK-to-674"></a><a name="index-PK_002c-converting-to-GF-675"></a> +<p><a name="index-pktogf-670"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-PK-to-GF-671"></a><a name="index-GF_002c-converting-PK-to-672"></a><a name="index-PK_002c-converting-to-GF-673"></a> PKtoGF converts a packed font (PK) file to a generic font (GF) file. Since PK format is much more compact than GF format, the most likely reason to do this is to run GFtype (see <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a>) on the @@ -3197,7 +3194,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.4 PKtype: Plain text transliteration of packed fonts</h3> -<p><a name="index-pktype-_0040r_007bPK-validation_007d-676"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-PK-to-plain-text-677"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-PK-to-678"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-PK-to-679"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-PK-680"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-PK-files-681"></a> +<p><a name="index-pktype-_0040r_007bPK-validation_007d-674"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-PK-to-plain-text-675"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-PK-to-676"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-PK-to-677"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-PK-678"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-PK-files-679"></a> PKtype translates a packed font (PK) bitmap file (as output by GFtoPK, for example) to a plain text file that humans can read. It also serves as a PK-validating program, i.e., if PKtype can read a file, it's @@ -3233,23 +3230,23 @@ letter `K' in ‘<samp><span class="samp">cmr10</span></samp>’, as ren <p class="noindent">Explanation: <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">955</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-byte-position-682"></a>The byte position in the file where this character starts. +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">955</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-byte-position-680"></a>The byte position in the file where this character starts. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Flag byte</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Dynamic packing variable</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-flag-byte-683"></a><a name="index-dynamic-packing-variable-684"></a>Related to the packing for this character; see the source code. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Flag byte</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Dynamic packing variable</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-flag-byte-681"></a><a name="index-dynamic-packing-variable-682"></a>Related to the packing for this character; see the source code. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Character</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-PKtype-output-685"></a>The character code, in decimal. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Character</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-PKtype-output-683"></a>The character code, in decimal. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Packet length</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-packet-length-686"></a>The total length of this character definition, in bytes. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Packet length</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-packet-length-684"></a>The total length of this character definition, in bytes. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">TFM width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-TFM-width-of-characters-687"></a><a name="index-device_002dindependent-width-688"></a><a name="index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-689"></a>The device-independent (TFM) width of this character. It is 2^24 + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">TFM width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-TFM-width-of-characters-685"></a><a name="index-device_002dindependent-width-686"></a><a name="index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-687"></a>The device-independent (TFM) width of this character. It is 2^24 times the ratio of the true width to the font's design size. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">dx</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-horizontal-escapement-690"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-horizontal-691"></a><a name="index-scaled-pixels-692"></a><a name="index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-693"></a>The device-dependent width, in <dfn>scaled pixels</dfn>, i.e., units of + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">dx</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-horizontal-escapement-688"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-horizontal-689"></a><a name="index-scaled-pixels-690"></a><a name="index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-691"></a>The device-dependent width, in <dfn>scaled pixels</dfn>, i.e., units of horizontal pixels times 2^16. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Height</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-height_002c-in-pixels-694"></a><a name="index-pixel-height-695"></a><a name="index-pixel-width-696"></a><a name="index-width_002c-in-pixels-697"></a>The bitmap height and width, in pixels. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Height</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-height_002c-in-pixels-692"></a><a name="index-pixel-height-693"></a><a name="index-pixel-width-694"></a><a name="index-width_002c-in-pixels-695"></a>The bitmap height and width, in pixels. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">X-offset</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Y-offset</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-x-offset-698"></a><a name="index-y-offset-699"></a><a name="index-origin-700"></a><a name="index-reference-pixel-701"></a><a name="index-side-bearings-702"></a><a name="index-left-side-bearing-703"></a><a name="index-right-side-bearing-704"></a>Horizontal and vertical offset from the upper left pixel to the + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">X-offset</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">Y-offset</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-x-offset-696"></a><a name="index-y-offset-697"></a><a name="index-origin-698"></a><a name="index-reference-pixel-699"></a><a name="index-side-bearings-700"></a><a name="index-left-side-bearing-701"></a><a name="index-right-side-bearing-702"></a>Horizontal and vertical offset from the upper left pixel to the reference (origin) pixel for this character, in pixels (right and down are positive). The <dfn>reference pixel</dfn> is the pixel that occupies the unit square in Metafont; the Metafont reference point is the lower left @@ -3257,7 +3254,7 @@ hand corner of this pixel. Put another way, the x-offset is the negative of the left side bearing; the right side bearing is the horizontal escapement minus the bitmap width plus the x-offset. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">[2]23(16)...</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-705"></a><a name="index-repeated-rows-706"></a>Finally, run lengths of black pixels alternate with parenthesized run + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">[2]23(16)...</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-703"></a><a name="index-repeated-rows-704"></a>Finally, run lengths of black pixels alternate with parenthesized run lengths of white pixels, and brackets indicate a repeated row. </dl> @@ -3272,7 +3269,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.5 GFtype: Plain text transliteration of generic fonts</h3> -<p><a name="index-gftype-_0040r_007bGF-validation_007d-707"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-GF-to-plain-text-708"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-GF-to-709"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-GF-to-710"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-GF-711"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-GF-files-712"></a> +<p><a name="index-gftype-_0040r_007bGF-validation_007d-705"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-GF-to-plain-text-706"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-GF-to-707"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-GF-to-708"></a><a name="index-type-programs_002c-GF-709"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-GF-files-710"></a> GFtype translates a generic font (GF) bitmap file (as output by Metafont, for example) to a plain text file that humans can read. It also serves as a GF-validating program, i.e., if GFtype can read a file, @@ -3292,9 +3289,9 @@ not an extension; no ‘<samp><span class="samp">.</span></samp>’ prec <p>The program accepts the following options, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-images</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dimages-713"></a>Show the characters' bitmaps using asterisks and spaces. +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-images</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dimages-711"></a>Show the characters' bitmaps using asterisks and spaces. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mnemonics</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmnemonics-714"></a>Translate all commands in the GF file. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-mnemonics</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dmnemonics-712"></a>Translate all commands in the GF file. </dl> <p>As an example of the output, here is the (abrdiged) translation of the @@ -3341,22 +3338,22 @@ main definition: <p class="noindent">Explanation: <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">2033</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">2043</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-byte-position-715"></a>The byte position in the file where each GF command starts. +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">2033</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">2043</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-byte-position-713"></a>The byte position in the file where each GF command starts. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">beginning of char 75</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-GFtype-output-716"></a>The character code, in decimal. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">beginning of char 75</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-character-codes_002c-in-GFtype-output-714"></a>The character code, in decimal. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">3<=m<=60 0<=n<=56</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-left-side-bearing-717"></a><a name="index-right-side-bearing-718"></a><a name="index-side-bearings-719"></a>The character's bitmap lies between 3 and 60 (inclusive) horizontally, + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">3<=m<=60 0<=n<=56</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-left-side-bearing-715"></a><a name="index-right-side-bearing-716"></a><a name="index-side-bearings-717"></a>The character's bitmap lies between 3 and 60 (inclusive) horizontally, and between 0 and 56 (inclusive) vertically. (m is a column position and n is a row position.) Thus, 3 is the left side bearing. The right side bearing is the horizontal escapement (given below) minus the maximum m. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">(initially n=56) paint (0)24(12)20</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-720"></a>The first row of pixels: 0 white pixels, 24 black pixels, 12 white + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">(initially n=56) paint (0)24(12)20</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-718"></a>The first row of pixels: 0 white pixels, 24 black pixels, 12 white pixels, etc. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">newrow 0 (n=55) paint 24(12)20</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-newrow-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-721"></a>The second row of pixels, with zero leading white pixels on the row. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">newrow 0 (n=55) paint 24(12)20</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-newrow-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-719"></a>The second row of pixels, with zero leading white pixels on the row. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">eoc</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-eoc-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-722"></a>The end of the main character definition. + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">eoc</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-eoc-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-720"></a>The end of the main character definition. </dl> @@ -3367,12 +3364,12 @@ pixels, etc. <p>Explanation: <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">dx</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-horizontal-escapement-723"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-horizontal-724"></a><a name="index-vertical-escapement-725"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-vertical-726"></a><a name="index-scaled-pixels-727"></a><a name="index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-728"></a><a name="index-dy-_0040r_007bvertical-escapement_007d-729"></a>The device-dependent width, in <dfn>scaled pixels</dfn>, i.e., units of +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">dx</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-horizontal-escapement-721"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-horizontal-722"></a><a name="index-vertical-escapement-723"></a><a name="index-escapement_002c-vertical-724"></a><a name="index-scaled-pixels-725"></a><a name="index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-726"></a><a name="index-dy-_0040r_007bvertical-escapement_007d-727"></a>The device-dependent width, in <dfn>scaled pixels</dfn>, i.e., units of horizontal pixels times 2^16. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">(65)</span></samp>’ is simply the same number rounded. If the vertical escapement is nonzero, it would appear here as a ‘<samp><span class="samp">dy</span></samp>’ value. - <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-TFM-width-of-characters-730"></a><a name="index-device_002dindependent-width-731"></a><a name="index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-732"></a>The device-independent (TFM) width of this character. It is 2^24 + <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">width</span></samp>’<dd><a name="index-TFM-width-of-characters-728"></a><a name="index-device_002dindependent-width-729"></a><a name="index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-730"></a>The device-independent (TFM) width of this character. It is 2^24 times the ratio of the true width to the font's design size. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">64.57289</span></samp>’ is the same number converted to pixels. @@ -3391,7 +3388,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.6 TFtoPL: TeX font metric to property list conversion</h3> -<p><a name="index-tftopl-733"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-TFM-to-property-list-734"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-TFM-files-735"></a><a name="index-property-list_002c-converting-TFM-to-736"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-737"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-738"></a> +<p><a name="index-tftopl-731"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-TFM-to-property-list-732"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-TFM-files-733"></a><a name="index-property-list_002c-converting-TFM-to-734"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-735"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-736"></a> TFtoPL translates a TeX font metric (TFM, see <a href="dvips.html#Metric-files">Metric files</a>) file (as output by Metafont, for example) to <dfn>property list format</dfn> (a list of parenthesized items describing the font) that humans can edit or read. This program is mostly used by @@ -3413,7 +3410,7 @@ program TFtoPL (see the next section). <p>The program accepts the following option, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-verbose</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-charcode-format=</span><var>type</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-739"></a>Output character codes in the PL file according to <var>type</var>: either +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-charcode-format=</span><var>type</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-737"></a>Output character codes in the PL file according to <var>type</var>: either ‘<samp><span class="samp">octal</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">ascii</span></samp>’. Default is ‘<samp><span class="samp">ascii</span></samp>’ for letters and digits, octal for all other characters. Exception: if the font's coding scheme starts with ‘<samp><span class="samp">TeX math sy</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">TeX math ex</span></samp>’, all @@ -3430,7 +3427,7 @@ where using ASCII characters for the character codes is merely confusing. </dl> - <p><a name="index-property-list-format-740"></a>As an example of the output, here is the (abridged) property list + <p><a name="index-property-list-format-738"></a>As an example of the output, here is the (abridged) property list translation of <samp><span class="file">cmr10.tfm</span></samp>: <pre class="example"> (FAMILY CMR) @@ -3483,14 +3480,14 @@ translation of <samp><span class="file">cmr10.tfm</span></samp>: <dfn>properties</dfn>, nested where necessary. <ul> -<li><a name="index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-741"></a><a name="index-FACE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-742"></a><a name="index-headerbyte-_0040r_007binformation_007d-743"></a>The first few items (<code>FAMILY</code>, <code>FACE</code>, and so on) are +<li><a name="index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-739"></a><a name="index-FACE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-740"></a><a name="index-headerbyte-_0040r_007binformation_007d-741"></a>The first few items (<code>FAMILY</code>, <code>FACE</code>, and so on) are the so-called <dfn>headerbyte</dfn> information from Metafont, giving general information about the font. - <li><a name="index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-744"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cfontdimen-745"></a>The <code>FONTDIMEN</code> property defines the TeX <code>\fontdimen</code> + <li><a name="index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-742"></a><a name="index-g_t_005cfontdimen-743"></a>The <code>FONTDIMEN</code> property defines the TeX <code>\fontdimen</code> values. - <li><a name="index-LIGTABLE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-746"></a><a name="index-LABEL-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-747"></a><a name="index-LIG-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-748"></a><a name="index-KRN-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-749"></a><a name="index-ligature-table_002c-in-TFM-files-750"></a><a name="index-kerning-table_002c-in-TFM-files-751"></a><a name="index-design_002dsize-units-752"></a>The <code>LIGTABLE</code> property defines the ligature and kerning table. + <li><a name="index-LIGTABLE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-744"></a><a name="index-LABEL-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-745"></a><a name="index-LIG-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-746"></a><a name="index-KRN-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-747"></a><a name="index-ligature-table_002c-in-TFM-files-748"></a><a name="index-kerning-table_002c-in-TFM-files-749"></a><a name="index-design_002dsize-units-750"></a>The <code>LIGTABLE</code> property defines the ligature and kerning table. <code>LIG</code> properties define ligatures: in the example above, an ‘<samp><span class="samp">f</span></samp>’ (in the ‘<samp><span class="samp">LABEL</span></samp>’) followed by an ‘<samp><span class="samp">i</span></samp>’ is a ligature, i.e., a typesetting program like TeX replaces those two consecutive @@ -3502,7 +3499,7 @@ apostrophe), TeX inserts a small amount of space between them: three-quarters of a printer's point by default in this case, or .001 inches). - <li><a name="index-CHARACTER-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-753"></a><a name="index-CHARWD-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-754"></a><a name="index-CHARHT-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-755"></a><a name="index-CHARDP-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-756"></a><a name="index-CHARIC-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-757"></a>The <code>CHARACTER</code> property defines the dimensions of a character: its + <li><a name="index-CHARACTER-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-751"></a><a name="index-CHARWD-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-752"></a><a name="index-CHARHT-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-753"></a><a name="index-CHARDP-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-754"></a><a name="index-CHARIC-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-755"></a>The <code>CHARACTER</code> property defines the dimensions of a character: its width, height, depth, and italic correction, also in design-size units, as explained in the previous item. For our example `f', the depth is zero, so that property is omitted. TFtoPL also inserts any kerns and @@ -3521,7 +3518,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.7 PLtoTF: Property list to TeX font metric conversion</h3> -<p><a name="index-pltotf-758"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-TFM-759"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-760"></a><a name="index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-761"></a> +<p><a name="index-pltotf-756"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-TFM-757"></a><a name="index-TFM-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-758"></a><a name="index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-759"></a> PLtoTF translates a property list file (as output by TFtoPL, for example) to TeX font metric (TFM, see <a href="dvips.html#Metric-files">Metric files</a>) format. It's much easier for both programs and humans to create the @@ -3552,7 +3549,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.8 VFtoVP: Virtual font to virtual property lists</h3> -<p><a name="index-vftovp-762"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-VF-to-VPL-763"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-VF-files-764"></a><a name="index-property-list_002c-converting-VF-to-virtual-765"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-VF-to-766"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-VF-to-767"></a> +<p><a name="index-vftovp-760"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-VF-to-VPL-761"></a><a name="index-validation_002c-of-VF-files-762"></a><a name="index-property-list_002c-converting-VF-to-virtual-763"></a><a name="index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-VF-to-764"></a><a name="index-plain-text_002c-converting-VF-to-765"></a> VFtoVP translates a virtual font metric (VF, see <a href="dvips.html#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a>) file and its accompanying TeX font metric (TFM, see <a href="dvips.html#Metric-files">Metric files</a>) file (as output by VPtoVF, for example) to <dfn>virtual property list format</dfn> (a list of parenthesized @@ -3577,7 +3574,7 @@ companion program VFtoVP (see the next section). <p>The program accepts the following option, as well as the standard ‘<samp><span class="samp">-verbose</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">-help</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-version</span></samp>’ (see <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a>): <dl> -<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-charcode-format=</span><var>type</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-768"></a>Output character codes in the PL file according to <var>type</var>: either +<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-charcode-format=</span><var>type</var></samp>’<dd><a name="index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-766"></a>Output character codes in the PL file according to <var>type</var>: either ‘<samp><span class="samp">octal</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">ascii</span></samp>’. Default is ‘<samp><span class="samp">ascii</span></samp>’ for letters and digits, octal for all other characters. Exception: if the font's coding scheme starts with ‘<samp><span class="samp">TeX math sy</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">TeX math ex</span></samp>’, all @@ -3605,7 +3602,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.9 VPtoVF: Virtual property lists to virtual font</h3> -<p><a name="index-vptovf-769"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-VF-770"></a><a name="index-VF-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-771"></a><a name="index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-772"></a> +<p><a name="index-vptovf-767"></a><a name="index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-VF-768"></a><a name="index-VF-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-769"></a><a name="index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-770"></a> VPtoVF translates a virtual property list file (as output by VFtoVP, for example) to virtual font (VF, see <a href="dvips.html#Virtual-fonts">Virtual fonts</a>) and TeX font metric (TFM, see <a href="dvips.html#Metric-files">Metric files</a>) files. @@ -3634,7 +3631,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a> <h3 class="section">10.10 Font utilities available elsewhere</h3> -<p><a name="index-font-utilities_002c-non_002dWeb2c-773"></a> +<p><a name="index-font-utilities_002c-non_002dWeb2c-771"></a> The Web2c complement of font utilities merely implements a few basic conversions. Many other more sophisticated font utilities exist; most are in <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities</span></samp> (for CTAN info, @@ -3642,17 +3639,17 @@ see <a href="kpathsea.html#unixtex_002eftp">unixtex.ftp</a>). Here are some of commonly-requested items: <ul> -<li><a name="index-AFM-to-TFM-conversion-774"></a><a name="index-afm2tfm-775"></a><a name="index-afmtopl-776"></a>AFM (Adobe font metric) to TFM conversion: see <a href="dvips.html#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a>, and <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities/afmtopl</span></samp>. +<li><a name="index-AFM-to-TFM-conversion-772"></a><a name="index-afm2tfm-773"></a><a name="index-afmtopl-774"></a>AFM (Adobe font metric) to TFM conversion: see <a href="dvips.html#Invoking-afm2tfm">Invoking afm2tfm</a>, and <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities/afmtopl</span></samp>. - <li><a name="index-X-bitmap-fonts-777"></a><a name="index-BDF-and-GF-conversion-778"></a>BDF (the X bitmap format) conversion: + <li><a name="index-X-bitmap-fonts-775"></a><a name="index-BDF-and-GF-conversion-776"></a>BDF (the X bitmap format) conversion: <a href="ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/bdf.tar.gz">ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/bdf.tar.gz</a>. - <li><a name="index-metatype1-779"></a><a name="index-Latin-Modern-780"></a>Creating fonts using MetaPost: MetaType1. + <li><a name="index-metatype1-777"></a><a name="index-Latin-Modern-778"></a>Creating fonts using MetaPost: MetaType1. <a href="ftp://bop.eps.gda.pl/pub/metatype1">ftp://bop.eps.gda.pl/pub/metatype1</a>. This is used to create the excellent Latin Modern font family (<samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/lm</span></samp>), which extends Computer Modern to a vast repertoire of scripts. - <li><a name="index-editing-of-bitmap-fonts-781"></a><a name="index-xbfe_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-782"></a><a name="index-xfed_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-783"></a><a name="index-xfedor_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-784"></a><a name="index-gftopxl-785"></a><a name="index-chtopx-786"></a><a name="index-pxtoch-787"></a>Editing of bitmap fonts: Xbfe from the GNU font utilities mentioned + <li><a name="index-editing-of-bitmap-fonts-779"></a><a name="index-xbfe_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-780"></a><a name="index-xfed_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-781"></a><a name="index-xfedor_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-782"></a><a name="index-gftopxl-783"></a><a name="index-chtopx-784"></a><a name="index-pxtoch-785"></a>Editing of bitmap fonts: Xbfe from the GNU font utilities mentioned below; the X BDF-editing programs available from <a href="ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/xfed.tar.Z">ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/xfed.tar.Z</a> and <a href="ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/xfedor.tar.Z">ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/xfedor.tar.Z</a>; and finally, if your @@ -3660,30 +3657,30 @@ fonts have only 128 characters, you can use the old <code>gftopxl</code>, <code>pxtoch</code>, and <code>chtopx</code> programs from <a href="ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/web">ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/web</a>. - <li><a name="index-fontforge-788"></a><a name="index-pfaedit-789"></a>Editing of outline fonts: FontForge, <a href="fontforge.sourceforge.net">fontforge.sourceforge.net</a>. + <li><a name="index-fontforge-786"></a><a name="index-pfaedit-787"></a>Editing of outline fonts: FontForge, <a href="fontforge.sourceforge.net">fontforge.sourceforge.net</a>. This is a very elaborate program with support for many outline formats (Type 1, OpenType, TrueType, <small class="dots">...</small>), and many advanced font editing features. - <li><a name="index-PK-bitmaps-from-PostScript-790"></a><a name="index-PostScript-to-PK-bitmaps-791"></a><a name="index-gsftopk-792"></a><a name="index-ps2pk-793"></a>PK bitmaps from PostScript outline fonts: gsftopk from the ‘<samp><span class="samp">xdvi</span></samp>’ + <li><a name="index-PK-bitmaps-from-PostScript-788"></a><a name="index-PostScript-to-PK-bitmaps-789"></a><a name="index-gsftopk-790"></a><a name="index-ps2pk-791"></a>PK bitmaps from PostScript outline fonts: gsftopk from the ‘<samp><span class="samp">xdvi</span></samp>’ distribution. Alternatively, <code>ps2pk</code>, from <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities/ps2pk</span></samp>. - <li><a name="index-Type-1-conversion-794"></a><a name="index-PFA-and-PFB-conversion-795"></a><a name="index-PostScript-Type-1-font-conversion-796"></a>PostScript Type 1 font format conversion (i.e., between PFA and PFB + <li><a name="index-Type-1-conversion-792"></a><a name="index-PFA-and-PFB-conversion-793"></a><a name="index-PostScript-Type-1-font-conversion-794"></a>PostScript Type 1 font format conversion (i.e., between PFA and PFB formats): <a href="http://www.lcdf.org/type">http://www.lcdf.org/type</a>. - <li><a name="index-scanned-images-of-fonts-797"></a><a name="index-typeface-specimen-sheets-798"></a><a name="index-fontutils-799"></a>Scanned image conversion: the (aging) GNU font utilities convert type + <li><a name="index-scanned-images-of-fonts-795"></a><a name="index-typeface-specimen-sheets-796"></a><a name="index-fontutils-797"></a>Scanned image conversion: the (aging) GNU font utilities convert type specimen images to Metafont, PostScript, etc.: <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/fontutils/">http://www.gnu.org/software/fontutils/</a>. - <li><a name="index-autotrace-800"></a><a name="index-potrace-801"></a>Tracing bitmaps to fitted outlines: Autotrace + <li><a name="index-autotrace-798"></a><a name="index-potrace-799"></a>Tracing bitmaps to fitted outlines: Autotrace (<a href="http://autotrace.sourceforge.net">http://autotrace.sourceforge.net</a>), Potrace (<a href="http://potrace.sourceforge.net">http://potrace.sourceforge.net</a>). For Metafont fonts, either of the two programs <code>mftrace</code> (<a href="http://www.xs4all.nl/~hanwen/mftrace">http://www.xs4all.nl/~hanwen/mftrace</a>) or <code>textrace</code> (<a href="http://textrace.sourceforge.net">http://textrace.sourceforge.net</a>) make the job easier. - <li><a name="index-virtual-font-creation-802"></a><a name="index-fontinst_0040r_007b_002c-for-creating-virtual-fonts_007d-803"></a>Virtual font creation: <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities/fontinst</span></samp>. + <li><a name="index-virtual-font-creation-800"></a><a name="index-fontinst_0040r_007b_002c-for-creating-virtual-fonts_007d-801"></a>Virtual font creation: <samp><var>CTAN:</var><span class="file">/fonts/utilities/fontinst</span></samp>. </ul> <div class="node"> @@ -3697,7 +3694,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="appendix">Appendix A Legalisms</h2> -<p><a name="index-legalisms-804"></a><a name="index-copyright-notices-805"></a><a name="index-permissions_002c-legal-806"></a> +<p><a name="index-legalisms-802"></a><a name="index-copyright-notices-803"></a><a name="index-permissions_002c-legal-804"></a> In general, each file has its own copyright notice stating the copying permissions for that file. Following is a summary. @@ -3751,7 +3748,7 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <h2 class="appendix">Appendix B References</h2> -<p><a name="index-references-807"></a><a name="index-bibliography-808"></a> +<p><a name="index-references-805"></a><a name="index-bibliography-806"></a> <ol type=1 start=1> <li>Kpathsea: See <a href="kpathsea.html#Top">Introduction</a>. @@ -3916,728 +3913,727 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <ul class="index-cp" compact> <li><a href="#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_0023define_007d-options-36">‘<samp><span class="samp">#define</span></samp>’ options</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0024-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-225"><code>$ </code><span class="roman">expansion in filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0026-_0040r_007bmagic-number_007d-182"><code>%& </code><span class="roman">magic number</span></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0024-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-223"><code>$ </code><span class="roman">expansion in filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0025_0026-_0040r_007bmagic-number_007d-180"><code>%& </code><span class="roman">magic number</span></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d-_0040r_007bstarting-a-filename_007d-93"><code>- </code><span class="roman">starting a filename</span></a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d-_0040r_007bstarts-option-names_007d-91"><code>- </code><span class="roman">starts option names</span></a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002d-_0040r_007bstarts-option-names_007d-92"><code>-- </code><span class="roman">starts option names</span></a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002ddump_002dshare-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-197"><code>--disable-dump-share configure </code><span class="roman">option</span></a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002dmf_002dnowin-451"><code>--disable-mf-nowin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002depsfwin-418"><code>--enable-epsfwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dhp2627win-420"><code>--enable-hp2627win</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dipc-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-251"><code>--enable-ipc configure </code><span class="roman">option</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dmftalkwin-422"><code>--enable-mftalkwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dnext-425"><code>--enable-next</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dregiswin-427"><code>--enable-regiswin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dsuntoolswin-432"><code>--enable-suntoolswin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dtektronixwin-436"><code>--enable-tektronixwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dunitermwin-440"><code>--enable-unitermwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002ddump_002dshare-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-195"><code>--disable-dump-share configure </code><span class="roman">option</span></a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002ddisable_002dmf_002dnowin-449"><code>--disable-mf-nowin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002depsfwin-416"><code>--enable-epsfwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dhp2627win-418"><code>--enable-hp2627win</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dipc-configure-_0040r_007boption_007d-249"><code>--enable-ipc configure </code><span class="roman">option</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dmftalkwin-420"><code>--enable-mftalkwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dnext-423"><code>--enable-next</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dregiswin-425"><code>--enable-regiswin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dsuntoolswin-430"><code>--enable-suntoolswin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dtektronixwin-434"><code>--enable-tektronixwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002denable_002dunitermwin-438"><code>--enable-unitermwin</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dhelp-_0040r_007bcommon-option_007d-96"><code>--help </code><span class="roman">common option</span></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dverbose-_0040r_007bcommon-option_007d-98"><code>--verbose </code><span class="roman">common option</span></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dversion-_0040r_007bcommon-option_007d-100"><code>--version </code><span class="roman">common option</span></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002deditor_003d_0040var_007bcmd_007d-213"><code>--with-editor=</code><var>cmd</var></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dmf_002dx_002dtoolkit_003d_0040var_007bkit_007d-446"><code>--with-mf-x-toolkit=</code><var>kit</var></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dx-445"><code>--with-x</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002deditor_003d_0040var_007bcmd_007d-211"><code>--with-editor=</code><var>cmd</var></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dmf_002dx_002dtoolkit_003d_0040var_007bkit_007d-444"><code>--with-mf-x-toolkit=</code><var>kit</var></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002d_002dwith_002dx-443"><code>--with-x</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002d8bit-138"><code>-8bit</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dbase_003d_0040var_007bbase_007d-180"><code>-base=</code><var>base</var></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dbase_003d_0040var_007bbase_007d-178"><code>-base=</code><var>base</var></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dbase_003d_0040var_007bdumpname_007d-107"><code>-base=</code><var>dumpname</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dchange_003d_0040var_007bchfile_007d-483"><code>-change=</code><var>chfile</var></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-768"><code>-charcode-format=</code><var>type</var></a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-739"><code>-charcode-format=</code><var>type</var></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dchange_003d_0040var_007bchfile_007d-481"><code>-change=</code><var>chfile</var></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-766"><code>-charcode-format=</code><var>type</var></a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dcharcode_002dformat_003d_0040var_007btype_007d-737"><code>-charcode-format=</code><var>type</var></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dD-_0040r_007bcompiler-options_007d-37"><code>-D </code><span class="roman">compiler options</span></a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ddisable_002dwrite18-265"><code>-disable-write18</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ddpi_003d_0040var_007breal_007d-632"><code>-dpi=</code><var>real</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002denable_002dwrite18-264"><code>-enable-write18</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002denc-246"><code>-enc</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ddisable_002dwrite18-263"><code>-disable-write18</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ddpi_003d_0040var_007breal_007d-630"><code>-dpi=</code><var>real</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002denable_002dwrite18-262"><code>-enable-write18</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002denc-244"><code>-enc</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dfile_002dline_002derror-102"><code>-file-line-error</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dfile_002dline_002derror_002dstyle-104"><code>-file-line-error-style</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dfmt_003d_0040var_007bdumpname_007d-106"><code>-fmt=</code><var>dumpname</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dfmt_003d_0040var_007bfmt_007d-179"><code>-fmt=</code><var>fmt</var></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dgeometry_0040r_007b_002c-supported-with-Xt_007d-460"><code>-geometry</code><span class="roman">, supported with Xt</span></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dfmt_003d_0040var_007bfmt_007d-177"><code>-fmt=</code><var>fmt</var></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dgeometry_0040r_007b_002c-supported-with-Xt_007d-458"><code>-geometry</code><span class="roman">, supported with Xt</span></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dhalt_002don_002derror-110"><code>-halt-on-error</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dimages-713"><code>-images</code></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dini-163"><code>-ini</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dimages-711"><code>-images</code></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dini-161"><code>-ini</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dini-112"><code>-ini</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dinteraction_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-115"><code>-interaction=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dipc-249"><code>-ipc</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dipc_002dstart-250"><code>-ipc-start</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dipc-247"><code>-ipc</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dipc_002dstart-248"><code>-ipc-start</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002djobname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-117"><code>-jobname=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dkpathsea_002ddebug_003d_0040var_007bnumber_007d-119"><code>-kpathsea-debug=</code><var>number</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dlength_003d_0040var_007bnumber_007d-587"><code>-length=</code><var>number</var></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dloose-595"><code>-loose</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dlowercase-589"><code>-lowercase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-633"><code>-magnification=</code><var>integer</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-618"><code>-magnification=</code><var>integer</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-636"><code>-max-pages=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-621"><code>-max-pages=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dlength_003d_0040var_007bnumber_007d-585"><code>-length=</code><var>number</var></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dloose-593"><code>-loose</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dlowercase-587"><code>-lowercase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-631"><code>-magnification=</code><var>integer</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmagnification_003d_0040var_007binteger_007d-616"><code>-magnification=</code><var>integer</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-634"><code>-max-pages=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmax_002dpages_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-619"><code>-max-pages=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmem_003d_0040var_007bdumpname_007d-108"><code>-mem=</code><var>dumpname</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmin_002dcrossrefs_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-550"><code>-min-crossrefs=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmixedcase-590"><code>-mixedcase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-388"><code>-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-252"><code>-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmltex-254"><code>-mltex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmnemonics-714"><code>-mnemonics</code></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmin_002dcrossrefs_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-548"><code>-min-crossrefs=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmixedcase-588"><code>-mixedcase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-386"><code>-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-250"><code>-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmltex-252"><code>-mltex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dmnemonics-712"><code>-mnemonics</code></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dfile_002dline_002derror-103"><code>-no-file-line-error</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-389"><code>-no-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-253"><code>-no-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-387"><code>-no-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dmktex_003d_0040var_007bfiletype_007d-251"><code>-no-mktex=</code><var>filetype</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dparse_002dfirst_002dline-126"><code>-no-parse-first-line</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dshell_002descape-262"><code>-no-shell-escape</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doem-141"><code>-oem</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002dcomment_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-257"><code>-output-comment=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002ddirectory-152"><code>-output-directory</code></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dno_002dshell_002descape-260"><code>-no-shell-escape</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002dcomment_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-255"><code>-output-comment=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002ddirectory-150"><code>-output-directory</code></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002ddirectory-123"><code>-output-directory</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002dlevel_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-637"><code>-output-level=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doverflow_002dlabel_002doffset_003d_0040var_007bpoints_007d-473"><code>-overflow-label-offset=</code><var>points</var></a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-638"><code>-page-start=</code><var>page-spec</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-622"><code>-page-start=</code><var>page-spec</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doutput_002dlevel_003d_0040var_007bn_007d-635"><code>-output-level=</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002doverflow_002dlabel_002doffset_003d_0040var_007bpoints_007d-471"><code>-overflow-label-offset=</code><var>points</var></a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-636"><code>-page-start=</code><var>page-spec</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dpage_002dstart_003d_0040var_007bpage_002dspec_007d-620"><code>-page-start=</code><var>page-spec</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dparse_002dfirst_002dline-125"><code>-parse-first-line</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dprogname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-181"><code>-progname=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dprogname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-179"><code>-progname=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dprogname_003d_0040var_007bstring_007d-128"><code>-progname=</code><var>string</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002drecorder-132"><code>-recorder</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshell_002descape-261"><code>-shell-escape</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshell_002drestricted-263"><code>-shell-restricted</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshow_002dopcodes-642"><code>-show-opcodes</code></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dstrict-596"><code>-strict</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dstyle_003d_0040var_007bmftfile_007d-485"><code>-style=</code><var>mftfile</var></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dT-520"><code>-T</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dterse-547"><code>-terse</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dtex_003d_0040var_007btexprogram_007d-523"><code>-tex=</code><var>texprogram</var></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshell_002descape-259"><code>-shell-escape</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshell_002drestricted-261"><code>-shell-restricted</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dshow_002dopcodes-640"><code>-show-opcodes</code></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dstrict-594"><code>-strict</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dstyle_003d_0040var_007bmftfile_007d-483"><code>-style=</code><var>mftfile</var></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dT-518"><code>-T</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dterse-545"><code>-terse</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dtex_003d_0040var_007btexprogram_007d-521"><code>-tex=</code><var>texprogram</var></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002dtranslate_002dfile_003d_0040var_007btcxfile_007d-134"><code>-translate-file=</code><var>tcxfile</var></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dtroff-521"><code>-troff</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dunderline-593"><code>-underline</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002duppercase-591"><code>-uppercase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dx-603"><code>-x</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-output_007d-151"><code>.</code><span class="roman">, used for output</span></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e2602gf-387"><code>.2602gf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eaux-_0040r_007bcross_002dreference-files_007d-538"><code>.aux </code><span class="roman">cross-reference files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebase-392"><code>.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebbl-_0040r_007bbibliography-files_007d-537"><code>.bbl </code><span class="roman">bibliography files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebib-_0040r_007bbibliography-databases_007d-539"><code>.bib </code><span class="roman">bibliography databases</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eblg-_0040r_007bBib_0040TeX_007b_007d-log-file_007d-540"><code>.blg </code><span class="roman">BibTeX log file</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002efmt-269"><code>.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002emf-373"><code>.mf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002emp-499"><code>.mp</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-and-PDF-518"><code>.mps</code> files and PDF</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007d-_0040r_007bPostScript-figures_007d-502"><code>.</code><var>nnn</var> <span class="roman">PostScript figures</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dgf-_0040r_007bgeneric-fonts_007d-377"><code>.</code><var>nnn</var><code>gf </code><span class="roman">generic fonts</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etcx-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-305"><code>.tcx </code><span class="roman">character translation files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dtroff-519"><code>-troff</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dunderline-591"><code>-underline</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002duppercase-589"><code>-uppercase</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002dx-601"><code>-x</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-output_007d-149"><code>.</code><span class="roman">, used for output</span></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e2602gf-385"><code>.2602gf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eaux-_0040r_007bcross_002dreference-files_007d-536"><code>.aux </code><span class="roman">cross-reference files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebase-390"><code>.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebbl-_0040r_007bbibliography-files_007d-535"><code>.bbl </code><span class="roman">bibliography files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002ebib-_0040r_007bbibliography-databases_007d-537"><code>.bib </code><span class="roman">bibliography databases</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eblg-_0040r_007bBib_0040TeX_007b_007d-log-file_007d-538"><code>.blg </code><span class="roman">BibTeX log file</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002efmt-267"><code>.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002emf-371"><code>.mf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002emp-497"><code>.mp</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-and-PDF-516"><code>.mps</code> files and PDF</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007d-_0040r_007bPostScript-figures_007d-500"><code>.</code><var>nnn</var> <span class="roman">PostScript figures</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002e_0040var_007bnnn_007dgf-_0040r_007bgeneric-fonts_007d-375"><code>.</code><var>nnn</var><code>gf </code><span class="roman">generic fonts</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etcx-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-303"><code>.tcx </code><span class="roman">character translation files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_002etcx-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-136"><code>.tcx </code><span class="roman">character translation files</span></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etex-234"><code>.tex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-503"><code>.tfm </code><span class="roman">output</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-382"><code>.tfm </code><span class="roman">output</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eXdefaults-458"><code>.Xdefaults</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eXresources-459"><code>.Xresources</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t2602gf-386"><code>2602gf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etex-232"><code>.tex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-501"><code>.tfm </code><span class="roman">output</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002etfm-_0040r_007boutput_007d-380"><code>.tfm </code><span class="roman">output</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eXdefaults-456"><code>.Xdefaults</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_002eXresources-457"><code>.Xresources</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t2602gf-384"><code>2602gf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t8-bit-clean-139">8 bit clean</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t8-bit-clean-output_002c-specifying-140"><code>8 bit clean output, specifying</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t8_002dbit-characters-308">8-bit characters</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cbibliography-542"><code>\bibliography</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cbibliographystyle-543"><code>\bibliographystyle</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-298"><code>\charsubdef </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-641"><code>\count</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-625"><code>\count</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cfont-_0040r_007band-dynamic-generation_007d-239"><code>\font </code><span class="roman">and dynamic generation</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cfontdimen-745"><code>\fontdimen</code></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cimmediate_005cwrite18-337"><code>\immediate\write18</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cinput-_0040r_007bfilenames_007d-216"><code>\input </code><span class="roman">filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cinput_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-345"><code>\input</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cmag-635"><code>\mag</code></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cmag-620"><code>\mag</code></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenin_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-344"><code>\openin</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenout-_0040r_007band-security_007d-240"><code>\openout </code><span class="roman">and security</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenout_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-346"><code>\openout</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005coutput-_0040r_007broutine_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005cwrite_007d_007d-340"><code>\output </code><span class="roman">routine, and </span><code>\write</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cpdfshellescape-347"><code>\pdfshellescape</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cstring-226"><code>\string</code></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-301"><code>\tracingcharsubdef </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ctracinglostchars-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-303"><code>\tracinglostchars </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cwrite18-_0040r_007bshell-escape-extension_007d-338"><code>\write18 </code><span class="roman">shell escape extension</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_005e_005e-_0040r_007bnotation_002c-avoiding_007d-325"><code>^^ </code><span class="roman">notation, avoiding</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040cite_007bComputer-Modern-Typefaces_007d_002c-production-of-490"><cite>Computer Modern Typefaces</cite>, production of</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-abbrv_002ebst-565"><code>abbrv.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-accented-character-309">accented character</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-accents_002c-hyphenating-words-with-295">accents, hyphenating words with</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t8_002dbit-characters-306">8-bit characters</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cbibliography-540"><code>\bibliography</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cbibliographystyle-541"><code>\bibliographystyle</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-296"><code>\charsubdef </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-639"><code>\count</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ccount_0040var_007bn_007d-623"><code>\count</code><var>n</var></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cfont-_0040r_007band-dynamic-generation_007d-237"><code>\font </code><span class="roman">and dynamic generation</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cfontdimen-743"><code>\fontdimen</code></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cimmediate_005cwrite18-335"><code>\immediate\write18</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cinput-_0040r_007bfilenames_007d-214"><code>\input </code><span class="roman">filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cinput_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-343"><code>\input</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cmag-633"><code>\mag</code></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cmag-618"><code>\mag</code></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenin_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-342"><code>\openin</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenout-_0040r_007band-security_007d-238"><code>\openout </code><span class="roman">and security</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005copenout_0040r_007b_002c-and-pipes_007d-344"><code>\openout</code><span class="roman">, and pipes</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005coutput-_0040r_007broutine_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005cwrite_007d_007d-338"><code>\output </code><span class="roman">routine, and </span><code>\write</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cpdfshellescape-345"><code>\pdfshellescape</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cstring-224"><code>\string</code></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-299"><code>\tracingcharsubdef </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005ctracinglostchars-_0040r_007band-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-301"><code>\tracinglostchars </code><span class="roman">and MLTeX</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005cwrite18-_0040r_007bshell-escape-extension_007d-336"><code>\write18 </code><span class="roman">shell escape extension</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_005e_005e-_0040r_007bnotation_002c-avoiding_007d-323"><code>^^ </code><span class="roman">notation, avoiding</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040cite_007bComputer-Modern-Typefaces_007d_002c-production-of-488"><cite>Computer Modern Typefaces</cite>, production of</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-abbrv_002ebst-563"><code>abbrv.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-accented-character-307">accented character</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-accents_002c-hyphenating-words-with-293">accents, hyphenating words with</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-acknowledgements-19">acknowledgements</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-acm_002ebst-566"><code>acm.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Ada_002c-WEB-for-579">Ada, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-acm_002ebst-564"><code>acm.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Ada_002c-WEB-for-577">Ada, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> <li><a href="#index-additional-Make-targets-44">additional Make targets</a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-AFM-to-TFM-conversion-774">AFM to TFM conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-afm2tfm-775"><code>afm2tfm</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-afmtopl-776"><code>afmtopl</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Aleph-356">Aleph</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-aliases-for-fonts-147">aliases for fonts</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-alpha_002ebst-567"><code>alpha.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-American-Mathematical-Society_002c-typesetting-system-279">American Mathematical Society, typesetting system</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-AMS_0040TeX_007b_007d-278">AMSTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-apalike_002ebst-568"><code>apalike.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-architecture-dependencies-195">architecture dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-AFM-to-TFM-conversion-772">AFM to TFM conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-afm2tfm-773"><code>afm2tfm</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-afmtopl-774"><code>afmtopl</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Aleph-354">Aleph</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-aliases-for-fonts-145">aliases for fonts</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-alpha_002ebst-565"><code>alpha.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-American-Mathematical-Society_002c-typesetting-system-277">American Mathematical Society, typesetting system</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-AMS_0040TeX_007b_007d-276">AMSTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-apalike_002ebst-566"><code>apalike.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-architecture-dependencies-193">architecture dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-array-limit_002c-fixed-83">array limit, fixed</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-array-sizes-71">array sizes</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-assembly-language-routines-41">assembly language routines</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-autotrace-800"><code>autotrace</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Awk_002c-WEB-for-578">Awk, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-file_002c-determining-177">base file, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-files-393">base files</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-need-mode-definitions-403">base files, need mode definitions</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-plain-only-400">base files, plain only</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-sharing-189">base files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-autotrace-798"><code>autotrace</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Awk_002c-WEB-for-576">Awk, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-file_002c-determining-175">base file, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-files-391">base files</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-need-mode-definitions-401">base files, need mode definitions</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-plain-only-398">base files, plain only</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-base-files_002c-sharing-187">base files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-bases-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-53"><code>bases </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-basic-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-562">basic BibTeX style files</a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-basic-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-560">basic BibTeX style files</a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-basic-fonts-and-macros-29">basic fonts and macros</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-batch-languages-230">batch languages</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-BDF-and-GF-conversion-778">BDF and GF conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-beginfig-501"><code>beginfig</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-batch-languages-228">batch languages</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-BDF-and-GF-conversion-776">BDF and GF conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-beginfig-499"><code>beginfig</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Berry_002c-Karl-17">Berry, Karl</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-BIBINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-545"><code>BIBINPUTS</code><span class="roman">, search path for bib files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bibliographies_002c-creating-534">bibliographies, creating</a>: <a href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bibliography-808">bibliography</a>: <a href="#References">References</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bibliography-items_002c-cross_002dreferenced-552">bibliography items, cross-referenced</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-bibtex-536"><code>bibtex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-535">BibTeX</a>: <a href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-collection-559">BibTeX collection</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-563">BibTeX style files</a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-BigEndian-machines-192">BigEndian machines</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-BIBINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-543"><code>BIBINPUTS</code><span class="roman">, search path for bib files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bibliographies_002c-creating-532">bibliographies, creating</a>: <a href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bibliography-806">bibliography</a>: <a href="#References">References</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bibliography-items_002c-cross_002dreferenced-550">bibliography items, cross-referenced</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-bibtex-534"><code>bibtex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-533">BibTeX</a>: <a href="#BibTeX">BibTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-collection-557">BibTeX collection</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-style-files-561">BibTeX style files</a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-BigEndian-machines-190">BigEndian machines</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-binaries_002c-linking-129">binaries, linking</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-blank-lines_002c-in-TCX-files-317">blank lines, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-blank-lines_002c-in-TCX-files-315">blank lines, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-boxes_002c-memory-for-74">boxes, memory for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-breakpoints_002c-memory-for-76">breakpoints, memory for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Breitenlohner_002c-Peter-5">Breitenlohner, Peter</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-BSTINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bst-files_007d-546"><code>BSTINPUTS</code><span class="roman">, search path for bst files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-btex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-507"><code>btex </code><span class="roman">for MetaPost labels</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-btxdoc_002ebib-556"><code>btxdoc.bib</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-btxdoc_002etex-553"><code>btxdoc.tex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-btxhak_002etex-554"><code>btxhak.tex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-byte-position-715">byte position</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-byte-position-682">byte position</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-byte-swapping-198">byte swapping</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-BSTINPUTS_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bst-files_007d-544"><code>BSTINPUTS</code><span class="roman">, search path for bst files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-btex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-505"><code>btex </code><span class="roman">for MetaPost labels</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-btxdoc_002ebib-554"><code>btxdoc.bib</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-btxdoc_002etex-551"><code>btxdoc.tex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-btxhak_002etex-552"><code>btxhak.tex</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-byte-position-713">byte position</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-byte-position-680">byte position</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-byte-swapping-196">byte swapping</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-c_002dsources-_0040r_007bMakefile-target_007d-47"><code>c-sources </code><span class="roman">Makefile target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-MFT-484">change files, and MFT</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-Tangle-584">change files, and Tangle</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-Weave-602">change files, and Weave</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-MFT-482">change files, and MFT</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-Tangle-582">change files, and Tangle</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-change-files_002c-and-Weave-600">change files, and Weave</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-changing-error-messages-style-105">changing error messages style</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-GFtype-output-716">character codes, in GFtype output</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-PKtype-output-685">character codes, in PKtype output</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-320">character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-proofs-of-fonts-466">character proofs of fonts</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CHARACTER-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-753"><code>CHARACTER </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-character-translation-files-306">character translation files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CHARDP-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-756"><code>CHARDP </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CHARHT-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-755"><code>CHARHT </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CHARIC-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-757"><code>CHARIC </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CHARWD-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-754"><code>CHARWD </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-chtopx-786"><code>chtopx</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-class-name-for-Metafont-455">class name for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cm_002ebase-397"><code>cm.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cmbase_002emf-398"><code>cmbase.mf</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cmbase_002emft-488"><code>cmbase.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cmmf_002ebase-_0040r_007bnot-recommended_007d-396"><code>cmmf.base </code><span class="roman">not recommended</span></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-color_002c-in-DVItoMP-533">color, in DVItoMP</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-in-TCX-files-319">comments, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-MFT-control-481">comments, MFT control</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-GFtype-output-714">character codes, in GFtype output</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-PKtype-output-683">character codes, in PKtype output</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-318">character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-proofs-of-fonts-464">character proofs of fonts</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CHARACTER-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-751"><code>CHARACTER </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-character-translation-files-304">character translation files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CHARDP-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-754"><code>CHARDP </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CHARHT-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-753"><code>CHARHT </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CHARIC-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-755"><code>CHARIC </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CHARWD-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-752"><code>CHARWD </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-chtopx-784"><code>chtopx</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-class-name-for-Metafont-453">class name for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cm_002ebase-395"><code>cm.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cmbase_002emf-396"><code>cmbase.mf</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cmbase_002emft-486"><code>cmbase.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cmmf_002ebase-_0040r_007bnot-recommended_007d-394"><code>cmmf.base </code><span class="roman">not recommended</span></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-color_002c-in-DVItoMP-531">color, in DVItoMP</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-in-TCX-files-317">comments, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-comments_002c-MFT-control-479">comments, MFT control</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-common-options-95">common options</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-commonalities-87">commonalities</a>: <a href="#Commonalities">Commonalities</a></li> <li><a href="#index-compilation-25">compilation</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-compile_002dtime-options-35">compile-time options</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-compile_002dtime-options-33">compile-time options</a>: <a href="#configure-options">configure options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern-fonts_002c-and-Troff-511">Computer Modern fonts, and Troff</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern-macros-399">Computer Modern macros</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern-fonts_002c-and-Troff-509">Computer Modern fonts, and Troff</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Computer-Modern-macros-397">Computer Modern macros</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configuration-24">configuration</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-configuration-file-reading-145">configuration file reading</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-configuration-file-reading-143">configuration file reading</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configuration-file-values-70">configuration file values</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configuration_002c-compile_002dtime-32">configuration, compile-time</a>: <a href="#configure-options">configure options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-configure-_002d_002dwith_002f_002d_002denable-_0040r_007boptions_007d-34"><code>configure --with/--enable </code><span class="roman">options</span></a>: <a href="#configure-options">configure options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CONTENTS_002etex-605"><code>CONTENTS.tex</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CONTENTS_002etex-603"><code>CONTENTS.tex</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-control-sequence-names_002c-space-for-81">control sequence names, space for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-conventions-for-options_002c-89">conventions for options,</a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-DVI-to-plain-text-627">conversion, DVI to plain text</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-GF-to-PK-669">conversion, GF to PK</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-GF-to-plain-text-708">conversion, GF to plain text</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-PK-to-GF-673">conversion, PK to GF</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-PK-to-plain-text-677">conversion, PK to plain text</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-TFM-759">conversion, property list to TFM</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-VF-770">conversion, property list to VF</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-TFM-to-property-list-734">conversion, TFM to property list</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-VF-to-VPL-763">conversion, VF to VPL</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-copyright-notices-805">copyright notices</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Cork-encoding-and-ISO-input-314">Cork encoding and ISO input</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-creating-memory-dumps-173">creating memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Creating-memory-dumps">Creating memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cross_002dreferenced-bibliography-items-551">cross-referenced bibliography items</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cross_002dreferences_002c-omitting-604">cross-references, omitting</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-current-directory_002c-used-for-output-150">current directory, used for output</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-DVI-to-plain-text-625">conversion, DVI to plain text</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-GF-to-PK-667">conversion, GF to PK</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-GF-to-plain-text-706">conversion, GF to plain text</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-PK-to-GF-671">conversion, PK to GF</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-PK-to-plain-text-675">conversion, PK to plain text</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-TFM-757">conversion, property list to TFM</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-property-list-to-VF-768">conversion, property list to VF</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-TFM-to-property-list-732">conversion, TFM to property list</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-conversion_002c-VF-to-VPL-761">conversion, VF to VPL</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-copyright-notices-803">copyright notices</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Cork-encoding-and-ISO-input-312">Cork encoding and ISO input</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-creating-memory-dumps-171">creating memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Creating-memory-dumps">Creating memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cross_002dreferenced-bibliography-items-549">cross-referenced bibliography items</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cross_002dreferences_002c-omitting-602">cross-references, omitting</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-current-directory_002c-used-for-output-148">current directory, used for output</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Curtis_002c-Pavel-15">Curtis, Pavel</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-CWEB-577">CWEB</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Cweb-576">Cweb</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-date-and-time_002c-in-memory-dumps-202">date and time, in memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-debugging-DVI-utilities-645">debugging DVI utilities</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-CWEB-575">CWEB</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Cweb-574">Cweb</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-date-and-time_002c-in-memory-dumps-200">date and time, in memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-debugging-DVI-utilities-643">debugging DVI utilities</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-debugging-flags_002c-specifying-121">debugging flags, specifying</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-decimal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-323">decimal character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dependencies_002c-hardware-196">dependencies, hardware</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-design_002dsize-units-752">design-size units</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-device-definitions_002c-for-Metafont-404">device definitions, for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-device_002dindependent-width-731">device-independent width</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-device_002dindependent-width-688">device-independent width</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-decimal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-321">decimal character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dependencies_002c-hardware-194">dependencies, hardware</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-design_002dsize-units-750">design-size units</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-device-definitions_002c-for-Metafont-402">device definitions, for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-device_002dindependent-width-729">device-independent width</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-device_002dindependent-width-686">device-independent width</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-directory-structure-28">directory structure</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DISPLAY-461"><code>DISPLAY</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dot-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-244">dot files, written by TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-downloading-of-fonts-for-MetaPost-labels-513">downloading of fonts for MetaPost labels</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DrawingServant-424"><code>DrawingServant</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DISPLAY-459"><code>DISPLAY</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dot-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-242">dot files, written by TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-downloading-of-fonts-for-MetaPost-labels-511">downloading of fonts for MetaPost labels</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DrawingServant-422"><code>DrawingServant</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-dump-file-109">dump file</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dumping-memory-169">dumping memory</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-comment_002c-specifying-259">DVI comment, specifying</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-files_002c-converting-to-MPX-531">DVI files, converting to MPX</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-files_002c-explained-659">DVI files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-format-definition-615">DVI format definition</a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-opcodes_002c-showing-644">DVI opcodes, showing</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-DVI-utilities-613">DVI utilities</a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvicopy-616"><code>dvicopy</code></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvitomp-530"><code>dvitomp</code></a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvitype-_0040r_007bDVI-validation_007d-626"><code>dvitype </code><span class="roman">DVI validation</span></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvitype-output-example-646">dvitype output example</a>: <a href="#dvitype-output-example">dvitype output example</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dvitype_002eweb-614"><code>dvitype.web</code></a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-728">dx <span class="roman">horizontal escapement</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-693">dx <span class="roman">horizontal escapement</span></a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dy-_0040r_007bvertical-escapement_007d-729">dy <span class="roman">vertical escapement</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dumping-memory-167">dumping memory</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-comment_002c-specifying-257">DVI comment, specifying</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-files_002c-converting-to-MPX-529">DVI files, converting to MPX</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-files_002c-explained-657">DVI files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-format-definition-613">DVI format definition</a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-opcodes_002c-showing-642">DVI opcodes, showing</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-DVI-utilities-611">DVI utilities</a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvicopy-614"><code>dvicopy</code></a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvitomp-528"><code>dvitomp</code></a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvitype-_0040r_007bDVI-validation_007d-624"><code>dvitype </code><span class="roman">DVI validation</span></a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvitype-output-example-644">dvitype output example</a>: <a href="#dvitype-output-example">dvitype output example</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dvitype_002eweb-612"><code>dvitype.web</code></a>: <a href="#DVI-utilities">DVI utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-726">dx <span class="roman">horizontal escapement</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dx-_0040r_007bhorizontal-escapement_007d-691">dx <span class="roman">horizontal escapement</span></a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dy-_0040r_007bvertical-escapement_007d-727">dy <span class="roman">vertical escapement</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-dynamic-array-allocation-86">dynamic array allocation</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definitions-with-_0040code_007bsmode_007d-411">dynamic Metafont mode definitions with <code>smode</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-dynamic-packing-variable-684">dynamic packing variable</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-e-_0040r_007bresponse-at-error-prompt_007d-209"><code>e </code><span class="roman">response at error prompt</span></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-e_002dcircumflex-299">e-circumflex</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-e_002d_0040TeX_007b_007d-354">e-TeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-e_002emft-489"><code>e.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-EC-fonts-375">EC fonts</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-EC-fonts-237">EC fonts</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-editing-of-bitmap-fonts-781">editing of bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-editor-invoked-at-error-207">editor invoked at error</a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-eight_002dbit-characters-in-filenames-221">eight-bit characters in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-empty_002etcx-313"><code>empty.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-endian-dependencies-193">endian dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-eoc-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-722"><code>eoc </code><span class="roman">GF command</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Eplain-284">Eplain</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-epsf-416"><code>epsf</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-errors_002c-editor-invoked-at-208">errors, editor invoked at</a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-horizontal-724">escapement, horizontal</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-horizontal-691">escapement, horizontal</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-vertical-726">escapement, vertical</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-etex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-508"><code>etex </code><span class="roman">for MetaPost labels</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-executables_002c-shared-initial-and-virgin-162">executables, shared initial and virgin</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-exit-status_002c-of-shell-escape-341">exit status, of shell escape</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-expanded-plain-format-285">expanded plain format</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-extensions-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-352">extensions to TeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definitions-with-_0040code_007bsmode_007d-409">dynamic Metafont mode definitions with <code>smode</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-dynamic-packing-variable-682">dynamic packing variable</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-e-_0040r_007bresponse-at-error-prompt_007d-207"><code>e </code><span class="roman">response at error prompt</span></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-e_002dcircumflex-297">e-circumflex</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-e_002d_0040TeX_007b_007d-352">e-TeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-e_002emft-487"><code>e.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-EC-fonts-373">EC fonts</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-EC-fonts-235">EC fonts</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-editing-of-bitmap-fonts-779">editing of bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-editor-invoked-at-error-205">editor invoked at error</a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-eight_002dbit-characters-in-filenames-219">eight-bit characters in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-empty_002etcx-311"><code>empty.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-endian-dependencies-191">endian dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-eoc-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-720"><code>eoc </code><span class="roman">GF command</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Eplain-282">Eplain</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-epsf-414"><code>epsf</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-errors_002c-editor-invoked-at-206">errors, editor invoked at</a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-horizontal-722">escapement, horizontal</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-horizontal-689">escapement, horizontal</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-escapement_002c-vertical-724">escapement, vertical</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-etex-_0040r_007bfor-MetaPost-labels_007d-506"><code>etex </code><span class="roman">for MetaPost labels</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-executables_002c-shared-initial-and-virgin-160">executables, shared initial and virgin</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-exit-status_002c-of-shell-escape-339">exit status, of shell escape</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-expanded-plain-format-283">expanded plain format</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-extensions-to-_0040TeX_007b_007d-350">extensions to TeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> <li><a href="#index-extra_005fmem_005fbot-73"><code>extra_mem_bot</code></a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-FACE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-742"><code>FACE </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-741"><code>FAMILY </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Ferguson_002c-Michael-293">Ferguson, Michael</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-file-formats-for-fonts-653">file formats for fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-FACE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-740"><code>FACE </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-FAMILY-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-739"><code>FAMILY </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Ferguson_002c-Michael-291">Ferguson, Michael</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-file-formats-for-fonts-651">file formats for fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-file-recorder-133">file recorder</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-filename-conventions_002c-in-input-files-215">filename conventions, in input files</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-filename-conventions_002c-in-input-files-213">filename conventions, in input files</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> <li><a href="#index-filenames-starting-with-_0040samp_007b_002d_007d-94">filenames starting with ‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’</a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> <li><a href="#index-first-line-of-the-main-input-file-137">first line of the main input file</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fixed_002dpoint-arithmetic-39">fixed-point arithmetic</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-FIXPT-38"><code>FIXPT</code></a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-flag-byte-683">flag byte</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-flag-byte-681">flag byte</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-floating_002dpoint-arithmetic-40">floating-point arithmetic</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-floating_002dpoint-values-200">floating-point values</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fmt-file_002c-determining-176">fmt file, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fmt-files-270">fmt files</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fmt-files_002c-sharing-188">fmt files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-floating_002dpoint-values-198">floating-point values</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fmt-file_002c-determining-174">fmt file, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fmt-files-268">fmt files</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fmt-files_002c-sharing-186">fmt files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fmts-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-51"><code>fmts </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-aliases-146">font aliases</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-character-code_002c-translating-326">font character code, translating</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-design-370">font design</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-downloading-for-MetaPost-labels-514">font downloading for MetaPost labels</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-file-formats-652">font file formats</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-proofs-467">font proofs</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-utilities-647">font utilities</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-font-utilities_002c-non_002dWeb2c-773">font utilities, non-Web2c</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-aliases-144">font aliases</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-character-code_002c-translating-324">font character code, translating</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-design-368">font design</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-downloading-for-MetaPost-labels-512">font downloading for MetaPost labels</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-file-formats-650">font file formats</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-proofs-465">font proofs</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-utilities-645">font utilities</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-font-utilities_002c-non_002dWeb2c-771">font utilities, non-Web2c</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> <li><a href="#index-font_005fmem_005fsize-78"><code>font_mem_size</code></a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fontforge-788"><code>fontforge</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fontinst_0040r_007b_002c-for-creating-virtual-fonts_007d-803"><code>fontinst</code><span class="roman">, for creating virtual fonts</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fontforge-786"><code>fontforge</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fontinst_0040r_007b_002c-for-creating-virtual-fonts_007d-801"><code>fontinst</code><span class="roman">, for creating virtual fonts</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fonts_002c-basic-30">fonts, basic</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-fontutils-799"><code>fontutils</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-format-files-273">format files</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-formats-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-274">formats for TeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-fontutils-797"><code>fontutils</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-format-files-271">format files</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-formats-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d-272">formats for TeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-formats-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-49"><code>formats </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-fraction-routines-42">fraction routines</a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Free-Software-Foundation-documentation-system-283">Free Software Foundation documentation system</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Free-Software-Foundation-documentation-system-281">Free Software Foundation documentation system</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-freedom-of-Web2c-9">freedom of Web2c</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ftp_002emath_002eutah_002eedu-558"><code>ftp.math.utah.edu</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-generating-source-specials-266">generating source specials</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-geometric-designs-368">geometric designs</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-geometric-font-scaling-657">geometric font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-geometry-for-Metafont-456">geometry for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ftp_002emath_002eutah_002eedu-556"><code>ftp.math.utah.edu</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-generating-source-specials-264">generating source specials</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-geometric-designs-366">geometric designs</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-geometric-font-scaling-655">geometric font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-geometry-for-Metafont-454">geometry for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-getopt_005flong_005fonly-90"><code>getopt_long_only</code></a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF-files_002c-explained-662">GF files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-380">GF files, output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF-format-definition-651">GF format definition</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF-output-379">GF output</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF_002c-converting-PK-to-674">GF, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-GF_002c-converting-to-PK-671">GF, converting to PK</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gftodvi-465"><code>gftodvi</code></a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gftopk-668"><code>gftopk</code></a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gftopxl-785"><code>gftopxl</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gftype-_0040r_007bGF-validation_007d-707"><code>gftype </code><span class="roman">GF validation</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gftype_002eweb-649"><code>gftype.web</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-glue-ratio-representations-201">glue ratio representations</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF-files_002c-explained-660">GF files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-378">GF files, output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF-format-definition-649">GF format definition</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF-output-377">GF output</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF_002c-converting-PK-to-672">GF, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-GF_002c-converting-to-PK-669">GF, converting to PK</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gftodvi-463"><code>gftodvi</code></a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gftopk-666"><code>gftopk</code></a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gftopxl-783"><code>gftopxl</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gftype-_0040r_007bGF-validation_007d-705"><code>gftype </code><span class="roman">GF validation</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gftype_002eweb-647"><code>gftype.web</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-glue-ratio-representations-199">glue ratio representations</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-glue_002c-memory-for-75">glue, memory for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-glyph-substitutions-296">glyph substitutions</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gray-font-469">gray font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-glyph-substitutions-294">glyph substitutions</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gray-font-467">gray font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Gruff_002c-Billy-Goat-61">Gruff, Billy Goat</a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-gsftopk-792"><code>gsftopk</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Harbison_002c-Samuel-P_002e-205">Harbison, Samuel P.</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hardware-and-memory-dumps-185">hardware and memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-gsftopk-790"><code>gsftopk</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Harbison_002c-Samuel-P_002e-203">Harbison, Samuel P.</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hardware-and-memory-dumps-183">hardware and memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-hash-table_002c-increasing-size-of-82">hash table, increasing size of</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-hash_005fextra-80"><code>hash_extra</code></a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-headerbyte-_0040r_007binformation_007d-743"><code>headerbyte </code><span class="roman">information</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-height_002c-in-pixels-694">height, in pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-headerbyte-_0040r_007binformation_007d-741"><code>headerbyte </code><span class="roman">information</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-height_002c-in-pixels-692">height, in pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-help_002c-online-97">help, online</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Henry_002c-Patrick-11">Henry, Patrick</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Herberts_002c-Mathias-417">Herberts, Mathias</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hex-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-322">hex character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Herberts_002c-Mathias-415">Herberts, Mathias</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hex-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-320">hex character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-history-12">history</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Hobby_002c-John-4">Hobby, John</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-horizontal-escapement-723">horizontal escapement</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-horizontal-escapement-690">horizontal escapement</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hp2627-419"><code>hp2627</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human-languages_002c-supported-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-289">human languages, supported in TeX</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-629">human-readable text, converting DVI to</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-GF-to-710">human-readable text, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-PK-to-679">human-readable text, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-737">human-readable text, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-VF-to-766">human-readable text, converting VF to</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hypertext-361">hypertext</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hyphenation-and-languages-290">hyphenation and languages</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-hyphenation-patterns_002c-creating-330">hyphenation patterns, creating</a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-horizontal-escapement-721">horizontal escapement</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-horizontal-escapement-688">horizontal escapement</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hp2627-417"><code>hp2627</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human-languages_002c-supported-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-287">human languages, supported in TeX</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-627">human-readable text, converting DVI to</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-GF-to-708">human-readable text, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-PK-to-677">human-readable text, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-735">human-readable text, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-human_002dreadable-text_002c-converting-VF-to-764">human-readable text, converting VF to</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hypertext-359">hypertext</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hyphenation-and-languages-288">hyphenation and languages</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-hyphenation-patterns_002c-creating-328">hyphenation patterns, creating</a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-ice-cream-10">ice cream</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-identifier-case-592">identifier case</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-identifier-collisions-597">identifier collisions</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-identifier-length-588">identifier length</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-identifiers-with-underlines-594">identifiers with underlines</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ieeetr_002ebst-569"><code>ieeetr.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-il1_002dt1_002etcx-311"><code>il1-t1.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-il2_002dt1_002etcx-312"><code>il2-t1.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info-format-282">Info format</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-identifier-case-590">identifier case</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-identifier-collisions-595">identifier collisions</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-identifier-length-586">identifier length</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-identifiers-with-underlines-592">identifiers with underlines</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ieeetr_002ebst-567"><code>ieeetr.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-il1_002dt1_002etcx-309"><code>il1-t1.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-il2_002dt1_002etcx-310"><code>il2-t1.tcx</code></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info-format-280">Info format</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-initial-form_002c-enabling-114">initial form, enabling</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-initial-Metafont-390">initial Metafont</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-initial-MetaPost-524">initial MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-initial-programs-166">initial programs</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-initial-_0040TeX_007b_007d-267">initial TeX</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-initializations_002c-lengthy-167">initializations, lengthy</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-input-filenames-214">input filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-initial-Metafont-388">initial Metafont</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-initial-MetaPost-522">initial MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-initial-programs-164">initial programs</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-initial-_0040TeX_007b_007d-265">initial TeX</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-initializations_002c-lengthy-165">initializations, lengthy</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-input-filenames-212">input filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> <li><a href="#index-install_002dbases-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-54"><code>install-bases </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-install_002dfmts-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-52"><code>install-fmts </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-install_002dformats-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-50"><code>install-formats </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-install_002dmems-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-56"><code>install-mems </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-installation-26">installation</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-interaction-between-TCX-files-and-_0040samp_007b_002d8bit_007d_002e-328">interaction between TCX files and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’.</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-interaction-between-TCX-files-and-_0040samp_007b_002d8bit_007d_002e-326">interaction between TCX files and ‘<samp><span class="samp">-8bit</span></samp>’.</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-interaction-mode-116">interaction mode</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-international-characters-307">international characters</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-international-characters-305">international characters</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-introduction-1">introduction</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-IPC-349">IPC</a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-IPC_005fDEBUG-351"><code>IPC_DEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-IPC-347">IPC</a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-IPC_005fDEBUG-349"><code>IPC_DEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-IPC_005fDEBUG-43"><code>IPC_DEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#Compile_002dtime-options">Compile-time options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-job-name-118">job name</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-kerning-table_002c-in-TFM-files-751">kerning table, in TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-keyboard-character-code_002c-translating-327">keyboard character code, translating</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-482">Knuth, Donald E.</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-kerning-table_002c-in-TFM-files-749">kerning table, in TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-keyboard-character-code_002c-translating-325">keyboard character code, translating</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-480">Knuth, Donald E.</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e-2">Knuth, Donald E.</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="#index-KPATHSEA_005fDEBUG-120"><code>KPATHSEA_DEBUG</code></a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-KRN-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-749"><code>KRN </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-label-font-471">label font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-LABEL-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-747"><code>LABEL </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-language-support-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-288">language support in TeX</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-languages_002c-hyphenation-rules-for-331">languages, hyphenation rules for</a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-277">LaTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Latin-Modern-780">Latin Modern</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-left-side-bearing-717">left side bearing</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-left-side-bearing-703">left side bearing</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-legalisms-804">legalisms</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-KRN-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-747"><code>KRN </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-label-font-469">label font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-LABEL-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-745"><code>LABEL </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-language-support-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-286">language support in TeX</a>: <a href="#Languages-and-hyphenation">Languages and hyphenation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-languages_002c-hyphenation-rules-for-329">languages, hyphenation rules for</a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040LaTeX_007b_007d-275">LaTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Latin-Modern-778">Latin Modern</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-left-side-bearing-715">left side bearing</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-left-side-bearing-701">left side bearing</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-legalisms-802">legalisms</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> <li><a href="#index-licensing-terms-8">licensing terms</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-LIG-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-748"><code>LIG </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ligature-table_002c-in-TFM-files-750">ligature table, in TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-LIGTABLE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-746"><code>LIGTABLE </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-LIG-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-746"><code>LIG </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ligature-table_002c-in-TFM-files-748">ligature table, in TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-LIGTABLE-_0040r_007bproperty_007d-744"><code>LIGTABLE </code><span class="roman">property</span></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-linking-binaries-130">linking binaries</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-links-to-binaries-184">links to binaries</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-literate-programming-573">literate programming</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-LittleEndian-machines-191">LittleEndian machines</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-log-file_002c-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-541">log file, BibTeX</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Lua-363">Lua</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-lua_0040TeX_007b_007d-362">luaTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-machine-dependencies-194">machine dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-772">machine-readable, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-761">machine-readable, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MacKay_002c-Pierre-666">MacKay, Pierre</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-macro-packages_002c-major-_0040TeX_007b_007d-276">macro packages, major TeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-links-to-binaries-182">links to binaries</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-literate-programming-571">literate programming</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-LittleEndian-machines-189">LittleEndian machines</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-log-file_002c-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-539">log file, BibTeX</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Lua-361">Lua</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-lua_0040TeX_007b_007d-360">luaTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-machine-dependencies-192">machine dependencies</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-770">machine-readable, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-machine_002dreadable_002c-converting-property-lists-to-759">machine-readable, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MacKay_002c-Pierre-664">MacKay, Pierre</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-macro-packages_002c-major-_0040TeX_007b_007d-274">macro packages, major TeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-macros_002c-basic-31">macros, basic</a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-macros_002c-predefining-in-memory-dumps-170">macros, predefining in memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-magnification-634">magnification</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-magnification-619">magnification</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-macros_002c-predefining-in-memory-dumps-168">macros, predefining in memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-magnification-632">magnification</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-magnification-617">magnification</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-main_005fmemory-72"><code>main_memory</code></a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Make-targets_002c-additional-46">Make targets, additional</a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Martin_002c-Rick-20">Martin, Rick</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Mathematical-Reviews-280">Mathematical Reviews</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mathematical-typesetting-229">mathematical typesetting</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mem-file_002c-determining-178">mem file, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mem-files_002c-sharing-190">mem files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-memory-dump-to-use_002c-determining-175">memory dump to use, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps-168">memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps-and-hardware-186">memory dumps and hardware</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps_002c-contain-date-and-time-204">memory dumps, contain date and time</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps_002c-creating-172">memory dumps, creating</a>: <a href="#Creating-memory-dumps">Creating memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Mathematical-Reviews-278">Mathematical Reviews</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mathematical-typesetting-227">mathematical typesetting</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mem-file_002c-determining-176">mem file, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mem-files_002c-sharing-188">mem files, sharing</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-memory-dump-to-use_002c-determining-173">memory dump to use, determining</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps-166">memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps-and-hardware-184">memory dumps and hardware</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps_002c-contain-date-and-time-202">memory dumps, contain date and time</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-memory-dumps_002c-creating-170">memory dumps, creating</a>: <a href="#Creating-memory-dumps">Creating memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mems-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-55"><code>mems </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-meta-characters-in-filenames-222">meta characters in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-366">Metafont</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-geometry-457">Metafont geometry</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-graphics-413">Metafont graphics</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-input-files-374">Metafont input files</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-invocation-372">Metafont invocation</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-meets-PostScript-494">Metafont meets PostScript</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-online-support_002c-new-devices-462">Metafont online support, new devices</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont-source_002c-prettyprinting-477">Metafont source, prettyprinting</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-526">Metafont, compatibility in MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont_002c-initial-391">Metafont, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Metafont_002c-MetaPost_002c-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-160">Metafont, MetaPost, and TeX</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-492">MetaPost</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-and-plain-Metafont-compatibility-528">MetaPost and plain Metafont compatibility</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-input-files-500">MetaPost input files</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-invocation-496">MetaPost invocation</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-source_002c-prettyprinting-491">MetaPost source, prettyprinting</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost_002c-initial-525">MetaPost, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MetaPost_002c-_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-and-Metafont-161">MetaPost, TeX, and Metafont</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-metatype1-779"><code>metatype1</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mf-371"><code>mf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mf_002ebase-395"><code>mf.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MFEDIT-211"><code>MFEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mfplain-529"><code>mfplain</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mfput-378"><code>mfput</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mft-476"><code>mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mftalk-421"><code>mftalk</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MFTERM-414"><code>MFTERM</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mftmac_002etex-480"><code>mftmac.tex</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-micro_002dtypography-360">micro-typography</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mktexmf_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-376"><code>mktexmf</code><span class="roman">, disabling</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mktextfM_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-238"><code>mktextfM</code><span class="roman">, disabling</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mltex-291"><code>mltex</code></a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-enabling-255">MLTeX, enabling</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mode-needed-to-run-Metafont-384">mode needed to run Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mode_005fdef-408"><code>mode_def</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mode_005fsetup-409"><code>mode_setup</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-modes-file-needed-for-Metafont-402">modes file needed for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-modes_002emf-_0040r_007brecommended-modes-file_007d-406"><code>modes.mf </code><span class="roman">recommended modes file</span></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-meta-characters-in-filenames-220">meta characters in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-364">Metafont</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-geometry-455">Metafont geometry</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-graphics-411">Metafont graphics</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-input-files-372">Metafont input files</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-invocation-370">Metafont invocation</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-meets-PostScript-492">Metafont meets PostScript</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-online-support_002c-new-devices-460">Metafont online support, new devices</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont-source_002c-prettyprinting-475">Metafont source, prettyprinting</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-524">Metafont, compatibility in MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont_002c-initial-389">Metafont, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Metafont_002c-MetaPost_002c-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-158">Metafont, MetaPost, and TeX</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-490">MetaPost</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-and-plain-Metafont-compatibility-526">MetaPost and plain Metafont compatibility</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-input-files-498">MetaPost input files</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-invocation-494">MetaPost invocation</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost-source_002c-prettyprinting-489">MetaPost source, prettyprinting</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost_002c-initial-523">MetaPost, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MetaPost_002c-_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-and-Metafont-159">MetaPost, TeX, and Metafont</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-metatype1-777"><code>metatype1</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mf-369"><code>mf</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mf_002ebase-393"><code>mf.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MFEDIT-209"><code>MFEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mfplain-527"><code>mfplain</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mfput-376"><code>mfput</code></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mft-474"><code>mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mftalk-419"><code>mftalk</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MFTERM-412"><code>MFTERM</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mftmac_002etex-478"><code>mftmac.tex</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-micro_002dtypography-358">micro-typography</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mktexmf_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-374"><code>mktexmf</code><span class="roman">, disabling</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mktextfM_0040r_007b_002c-disabling_007d-236"><code>mktextfM</code><span class="roman">, disabling</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mltex-289"><code>mltex</code></a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ML_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-enabling-253">MLTeX, enabling</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mode-needed-to-run-Metafont-382">mode needed to run Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mode_005fdef-406"><code>mode_def</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mode_005fsetup-407"><code>mode_setup</code></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-modes-file-needed-for-Metafont-400">modes file needed for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-modes_002emf-_0040r_007brecommended-modes-file_007d-404"><code>modes.mf </code><span class="roman">recommended modes file</span></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Morgan_002c-Tim-16">Morgan, Tim</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Morris_002c-Bob-21">Morris, Bob</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MPEDIT-212"><code>MPEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mpgraph_002eps-498"><code>mpgraph.ps</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mpman_002eps-497"><code>mpman.ps</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mpost-495"><code>mpost</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MPEDIT-210"><code>MPEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mpgraph_002eps-496"><code>mpgraph.ps</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mpman_002eps-495"><code>mpman.ps</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mpost-493"><code>mpost</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mpost_0040r_007b_002c-reason-for-name-change_007d-27"><code>mpost</code><span class="roman">, reason for name change</span></a>: <a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mpout-504"><code>mpout</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-mproof_002etex-512"><code>mproof.tex</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mpout-502"><code>mpout</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-mproof_002etex-510"><code>mproof.tex</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mptrap-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-60"><code>mptrap </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mptrap-test-64">mptrap test</a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mptrap_002ereadme-68"><code>mptrap.readme</code></a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-MPX-files_002c-converting-from-DVI-files-532">MPX files, converting from DVI files</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Multi_002dlingual-_0040TeX_007b_007d-292">Multi-lingual TeX</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-N-tilde-300">N tilde</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-new-graphics-support-for-Metafont-463">new graphics support for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-newrow-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-721"><code>newrow </code><span class="roman">GF command</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-next-423"><code>next</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-NO_005fX11WIN-441"><code>NO_X11WIN</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-MPX-files_002c-converting-from-DVI-files-530">MPX files, converting from DVI files</a>: <a href="#dvitomp-invocation">dvitomp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Multi_002dlingual-_0040TeX_007b_007d-290">Multi-lingual TeX</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-N-tilde-298">N tilde</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ccharsubdef">\charsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-new-graphics-support-for-Metafont-461">new graphics support for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-newrow-_0040r_007bGF-command_007d-719"><code>newrow </code><span class="roman">GF command</span></a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-next-421"><code>next</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-NO_005fX11WIN-439"><code>NO_X11WIN</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-non_002dUnix-system_002c-compiling-on-48">non-Unix system, compiling on</a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-non_002dwindows_002dcapable-Metafont-452">non-windows-capable Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-NUL_002c-not-allowed-in-filenames-220">NUL, not allowed in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-octal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-321">octal character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-offset-for-overflow-labels-475">offset for overflow labels</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-online-Metafont-graphics-412">online Metafont graphics</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-opcodes_002c-showing-DVI-643">opcodes, showing DVI</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-optical-font-scaling-656">optical font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-non_002dwindows_002dcapable-Metafont-450">non-windows-capable Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-NUL_002c-not-allowed-in-filenames-218">NUL, not allowed in filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-octal-character-codes_002c-in-TCX-files-319">octal character codes, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-offset-for-overflow-labels-473">offset for overflow labels</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-online-Metafont-graphics-410">online Metafont graphics</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-opcodes_002c-showing-DVI-641">opcodes, showing DVI</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-optical-font-scaling-654">optical font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-option-conventions-88">option conventions</a>: <a href="#Option-conventions">Option conventions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-origin-700">origin</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-output-directory_002c-specifying-153">output directory, specifying</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-origin-698">origin</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-output-directory_002c-specifying-151">output directory, specifying</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> <li><a href="#index-output-directory_002c-specifying-124">output directory, specifying</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-output-file-location-149">output file location</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-output-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-242">output files, written by TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-output_005fcomment-_0040r_007bfor-DVI-files_007d-258"><code>output_comment </code><span class="roman">for DVI files</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-overflow-label-offset-474">overflow label offset</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-packet-length-686">packet length</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-page_002c-starting-640">page, starting</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-page_002c-starting-624">page, starting</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-output-file-location-147">output file location</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-output-files_002c-written-by-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-240">output files, written by TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-output_005fcomment-_0040r_007bfor-DVI-files_007d-256"><code>output_comment </code><span class="roman">for DVI files</span></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-overflow-label-offset-472">overflow label offset</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-packet-length-684">packet length</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-page_002c-starting-638">page, starting</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-page_002c-starting-622">page, starting</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-parsing-the-first-line-127">parsing the first line</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Pascal_002c-creating-from-WEB-582">Pascal, creating from WEB</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-patgen-329"><code>patgen</code></a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-path-searching-143">path searching</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Pascal_002c-creating-from-WEB-580">Pascal, creating from WEB</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-patgen-327"><code>patgen</code></a>: <a href="#patgen-invocation">patgen invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-path-searching-141">path searching</a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> <li><a href="#index-path-searching-debugging-122">path searching debugging</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PDF-359">PDF</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PDF_002c-and-_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-517">PDF, and <code>.mps</code> files</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pdf_0040TeX_007b_007d-358">pdfTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-permissions_002c-legal-806">permissions, legal</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PFA-and-PFB-conversion-795">PFA and PFB conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pfaedit-789"><code>pfaedit</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PDF-357">PDF</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PDF_002c-and-_0040code_007b_002emps_007d-files-515">PDF, and <code>.mps</code> files</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pdf_0040TeX_007b_007d-356">pdfTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-permissions_002c-legal-804">permissions, legal</a>: <a href="#Legalisms">Legalisms</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PFA-and-PFB-conversion-793">PFA and PFB conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pfaedit-787"><code>pfaedit</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> <li><a href="#index-PiC_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-increasing-memory-for-77">PiCTeX, increasing memory for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pipes_002c-reading-and-writing-343">pipes, reading and writing</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pixel-height-695">pixel height</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pixel-width-696">pixel width</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK-bitmaps-from-PostScript-790">PK bitmaps from PostScript</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK-files_002c-explained-661">PK files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK-files_002c-not-output-by-Metafont-381">PK files, not output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK-format-definition-650">PK format definition</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK_002c-converting-GF-to-670">PK, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PK_002c-converting-to-GF-675">PK, converting to GF</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pktogf-672"><code>pktogf</code></a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pktype-_0040r_007bPK-validation_007d-676"><code>pktype </code><span class="roman">PK validation</span></a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pktype_002eweb-648"><code>pktype.web</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PL-files_002c-explained-663">PL files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-527">plain Metafont, compatibility in MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-628">plain text, converting DVI to</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-GF-to-709">plain text, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-PK-to-678">plain text, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-738">plain text, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-VF-to-767">plain text, converting VF to</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain_002ebase-394"><code>plain.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain_002ebst-564"><code>plain.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain_002efmt-271"><code>plain.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-plain_002emft-487"><code>plain.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pltotf-758"><code>pltotf</code></a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pool-file_002c-writing-585">pool file, writing</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Poole_002c-Simon-437">Poole, Simon</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pooltype-607"><code>pooltype</code></a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-portable-filenames-223">portable filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-fonts_002c-and-Troff-509">PostScript fonts, and Troff</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-meets-Metafont-493">PostScript meets Metafont</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-output-506">PostScript output</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-to-PK-bitmaps-791">PostScript to PK bitmaps</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript-Type-1-font-conversion-796">PostScript Type 1 font conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PostScript_002c-and-font-scaling-658">PostScript, and font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-potrace-801"><code>potrace</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-predefined-macros-and-memory-dumps-171">predefined macros and memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-prettyprinting-Metafont-source-478">prettyprinting Metafont source</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-prettyprinting-WEB-programs-601">prettyprinting WEB programs</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-primitives_002c-new-355">primitives, new</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-printable-characters_002c-specifying-324">printable characters, specifying</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-printer-characteristics_002c-for-Metafont-405">printer characteristics, for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-production-use-165">production use</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-program-name_002c-determines-memory-dump-183">program name, determines memory dump</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-program-names_002c-special-256">program names, special</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pipes_002c-reading-and-writing-341">pipes, reading and writing</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pixel-height-693">pixel height</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pixel-width-694">pixel width</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK-bitmaps-from-PostScript-788">PK bitmaps from PostScript</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK-files_002c-explained-659">PK files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK-files_002c-not-output-by-Metafont-379">PK files, not output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK-format-definition-648">PK format definition</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK_002c-converting-GF-to-668">PK, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftopk-invocation">gftopk invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PK_002c-converting-to-GF-673">PK, converting to GF</a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pktogf-670"><code>pktogf</code></a>: <a href="#pktogf-invocation">pktogf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pktype-_0040r_007bPK-validation_007d-674"><code>pktype </code><span class="roman">PK validation</span></a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pktype_002eweb-646"><code>pktype.web</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities">Font utilities</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PL-files_002c-explained-661">PL files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-Metafont_002c-compatibility-in-MetaPost-525">plain Metafont, compatibility in MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Initial-MetaPost">Initial MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-DVI-to-626">plain text, converting DVI to</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-GF-to-707">plain text, converting GF to</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-PK-to-676">plain text, converting PK to</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-TFM-to-736">plain text, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain-text_002c-converting-VF-to-765">plain text, converting VF to</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain_002ebase-392"><code>plain.base</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain_002ebst-562"><code>plain.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain_002efmt-269"><code>plain.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-plain_002emft-485"><code>plain.mft</code></a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pltotf-756"><code>pltotf</code></a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pool-file_002c-writing-583">pool file, writing</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Poole_002c-Simon-435">Poole, Simon</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pooltype-605"><code>pooltype</code></a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-portable-filenames-221">portable filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-fonts_002c-and-Troff-507">PostScript fonts, and Troff</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-meets-Metafont-491">PostScript meets Metafont</a>: <a href="#MetaPost">MetaPost</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-output-504">PostScript output</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-to-PK-bitmaps-789">PostScript to PK bitmaps</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript-Type-1-font-conversion-794">PostScript Type 1 font conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PostScript_002c-and-font-scaling-656">PostScript, and font scaling</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-potrace-799"><code>potrace</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-predefined-macros-and-memory-dumps-169">predefined macros and memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Memory-dumps">Memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-prettyprinting-Metafont-source-476">prettyprinting Metafont source</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-prettyprinting-WEB-programs-599">prettyprinting WEB programs</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-primitives_002c-new-353">primitives, new</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-printable-characters_002c-specifying-322">printable characters, specifying</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-printer-characteristics_002c-for-Metafont-403">printer characteristics, for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-production-use-163">production use</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-program-name_002c-determines-memory-dump-181">program name, determines memory dump</a>: <a href="#Determining-the-memory-dump-to-use">Determining the memory dump to use</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-program-names_002c-special-254">program names, special</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-program-names_002c-special-113">program names, special</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-prologues-522"><code>prologues</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-prologues_0040r_007b_002c-and-EPSF-output_007d-515"><code>prologues</code><span class="roman">, and EPSF output</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-proof-_0040r_007bmode_007d-385"><code>proof </code><span class="roman">mode</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-proof-sheets_002c-of-fonts-468">proof sheets, of fonts</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-property-list-format-740">property list format</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-property-list_002c-converting-TFM-to-736">property list, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-property-list_002c-converting-VF-to-virtual-765">property list, converting VF to virtual</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-ps2pk-793"><code>ps2pk</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-psfonts_002emap_0040r_007b_002c-read-by-MetaPost_007d-516"><code>psfonts.map</code><span class="roman">, read by MetaPost</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-PXL-files_002c-explained-660">PXL files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-pxtoch-787"><code>pxtoch</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Raichle_002c-Bernd-294">Raichle, Bernd</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-prologues-520"><code>prologues</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-prologues_0040r_007b_002c-and-EPSF-output_007d-513"><code>prologues</code><span class="roman">, and EPSF output</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-proof-_0040r_007bmode_007d-383"><code>proof </code><span class="roman">mode</span></a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-proof-sheets_002c-of-fonts-466">proof sheets, of fonts</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-property-list-format-738">property list format</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-property-list_002c-converting-TFM-to-734">property list, converting TFM to</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-property-list_002c-converting-VF-to-virtual-763">property list, converting VF to virtual</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-ps2pk-791"><code>ps2pk</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-psfonts_002emap_0040r_007b_002c-read-by-MetaPost_007d-514"><code>psfonts.map</code><span class="roman">, read by MetaPost</span></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-PXL-files_002c-explained-658">PXL files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-pxtoch-785"><code>pxtoch</code></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Raichle_002c-Bernd-292">Raichle, Bernd</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> <li><a href="#index-reading_002c-additional-23">reading, additional</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-readonly-directory_002c-running-_0040TeX_007b_007d-in-154">readonly directory, running TeX in</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-readonly-directory_002c-running-_0040TeX_007b_007d-in-152">readonly directory, running TeX in</a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> <li><a href="#index-reallocation-of-arrays-85">reallocation of arrays</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-redefined-character-substitutions-302">redefined character substitutions</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-reference-pixel-701">reference pixel</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-references-807">references</a>: <a href="#References">References</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-regis-426"><code>regis</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Regis-graphics-support-428">Regis graphics support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-regression-testing-260">regression testing</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-repeated-rows-706">repeated rows</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-representation-of-strings-611">representation of strings</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-restricted-shell-escapes-334">restricted shell escapes</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-right-side-bearing-718">right side bearing</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-right-side-bearing-704">right side bearing</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-redefined-character-substitutions-300">redefined character substitutions</a>: <a href="#g_t_005ctracingcharsubdef">\tracingcharsubdef</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-reference-pixel-699">reference pixel</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-references-805">references</a>: <a href="#References">References</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-regis-424"><code>regis</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Regis-graphics-support-426">Regis graphics support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-regression-testing-258">regression testing</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-repeated-rows-704">repeated rows</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-representation-of-strings-609">representation of strings</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-restricted-shell-escapes-332">restricted shell escapes</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-right-side-bearing-716">right side bearing</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-right-side-bearing-702">right side bearing</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Rokicki_002c-Tomas-13">Rokicki, Tomas</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-720">run length encoded bitmaps</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-705">run length encoded bitmaps</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-718">run length encoded bitmaps</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-run-length-encoded-bitmaps-703">run length encoded bitmaps</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-runtime-options-69">runtime options</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-scaled-pixels-727">scaled pixels</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-scaled-pixels-692">scaled pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-scaling-of-fonts-655">scaling of fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-scanned-images-of-fonts-797">scanned images of fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005copenout_007d-241">security, and <code>\openout</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-output-files-245">security, and output files</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-shell-escapes-333">security, and shell escapes</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007bwrite_007d-519">security, and <code>write</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-shapes-369">shapes</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-sharing-memory-dumps-187">sharing memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-shell-commands-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-332">shell commands in TeX</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-shell_005fescape-_0040r_007benabling-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-336"><code>shell_escape </code><span class="roman">enabling in TeX</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-shell_005fescape_005fcommands-342"><code>shell_escape_commands</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-siam_002ebst-570"><code>siam.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-side-bearings-719">side bearings</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-side-bearings-702">side bearings</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-slant-font-472">slant font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-slides_002c-producing-287">slides, producing</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Sli_0040TeX_007b_007d-286">SliTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-small-Metafont-memory-and-modes-407">small Metafont memory and modes</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-smode-_0040r_007band-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definition_007d-410"><code>smode </code><span class="roman">and dynamic Metafont mode definition</span></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-sockets-350">sockets</a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-space_002dterminated-filenames-217">space-terminated filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Spiderweb-575">Spiderweb</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-scaled-pixels-725">scaled pixels</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-scaled-pixels-690">scaled pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-scaling-of-fonts-653">scaling of fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-scanned-images-of-fonts-795">scanned images of fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007b_005copenout_007d-239">security, and <code>\openout</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-output-files-243">security, and output files</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-shell-escapes-331">security, and shell escapes</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-security_002c-and-_0040code_007bwrite_007d-517">security, and <code>write</code></a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-shapes-367">shapes</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-sharing-memory-dumps-185">sharing memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-shell-commands-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d-330">shell commands in TeX</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-shell_005fescape-_0040r_007benabling-in-_0040TeX_007b_007d_007d-334"><code>shell_escape </code><span class="roman">enabling in TeX</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-shell_005fescape_005fcommands-340"><code>shell_escape_commands</code></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-siam_002ebst-568"><code>siam.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-side-bearings-717">side bearings</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-side-bearings-700">side bearings</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-slant-font-470">slant font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-slides_002c-producing-285">slides, producing</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Sli_0040TeX_007b_007d-284">SliTeX</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-small-Metafont-memory-and-modes-405">small Metafont memory and modes</a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-smode-_0040r_007band-dynamic-Metafont-mode-definition_007d-408"><code>smode </code><span class="roman">and dynamic Metafont mode definition</span></a>: <a href="#Modes">Modes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-sockets-348">sockets</a>: <a href="#IPC-and-TeX">IPC and TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-space_002dterminated-filenames-215">space-terminated filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Spiderweb-573">Spiderweb</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Stallman_002c-Richard-22">Stallman, Richard</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-starting-page-639">starting page</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-starting-page-623">starting page</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Steele-Jr_002e_002c-Guy-L_002e-206">Steele Jr., Guy L.</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-starting-page-637">starting page</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-starting-page-621">starting page</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Steele-Jr_002e_002c-Guy-L_002e-204">Steele Jr., Guy L.</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> <li><a href="#index-stopping-at-the-first-error-111">stopping at the first error</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-strategy_002c-overall-7">strategy, overall</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-string-numbers_002c-displaying-609">string numbers, displaying</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-string-pool_002c-writing-586">string pool, writing</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-string-representation-612">string representation</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-style-design_002c-for-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-555">style design, for BibTeX</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-style-files-486">style files</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-substitutions-of-font-glyphs-297">substitutions of font glyphs</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-sun-429"><code>sun</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-sun_002dgfx_002ec-433"><code>sun-gfx.c</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Suntools-431">Suntools</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-SunView-430">SunView</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-string-numbers_002c-displaying-607">string numbers, displaying</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-string-pool_002c-writing-584">string pool, writing</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-string-representation-610">string representation</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-style-design_002c-for-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-553">style design, for BibTeX</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-style-files-484">style files</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-substitutions-of-font-glyphs-295">substitutions of font glyphs</a>: <a href="#MLTeX">MLTeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-sun-427"><code>sun</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-sun_002dgfx_002ec-431"><code>sun-gfx.c</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Suntools-429">Suntools</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-SunView-428">SunView</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-swap-space_002c-as-array-limit-84">swap space, as array limit</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-swapping-bytes-199">swapping bytes</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-syntax-of-TCX-files-316">syntax of TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-system-_0040r_007bC-library-function_007d-339"><code>system </code><span class="roman">C library function</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-system-command-335">system command</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-T1-encoding-and-ISO-input-315">T1 encoding and ISO input</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Tachikawa_002c-Elizabeth-667">Tachikawa, Elizabeth</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tangle-581"><code>tangle</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-swapping-bytes-197">swapping bytes</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-syntax-of-TCX-files-314">syntax of TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-system-_0040r_007bC-library-function_007d-337"><code>system </code><span class="roman">C library function</span></a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-system-command-333">system command</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-T1-encoding-and-ISO-input-313">T1 encoding and ISO input</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Tachikawa_002c-Elizabeth-665">Tachikawa, Elizabeth</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tangle-579"><code>tangle</code></a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-targets_002c-additional-Make-45">targets, additional Make</a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TCX-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-304"><code>TCX </code><span class="roman">character translation files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tek-434"><code>tek</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Tektronix-435">Tektronix</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Tektronix-4014-439">Tektronix 4014</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TERM-415"><code>TERM</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-terminator-for-filenames-219">terminator for filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-terse-output-548">terse output</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tex-232"><code>tex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-bibliographies-for-561">TeX, bibliographies for</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-Metafont-479">TeX, creating from Metafont</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-WEB-599">TeX, creating from WEB</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-description-of-227">TeX, description of</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-extensions-to-353">TeX, extensions to</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-format-packages-for-275">TeX, format packages for</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-initial-268">TeX, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-input-files-found-235">TeX, input files found</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-invocation-233">TeX, invocation</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-Metafont_002c-and-MetaPost-159">TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TCX-_0040r_007bcharacter-translation-files_007d-302"><code>TCX </code><span class="roman">character translation files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tek-432"><code>tek</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Tektronix-433">Tektronix</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Tektronix-4014-437">Tektronix 4014</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TERM-413"><code>TERM</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-terminator-for-filenames-217">terminator for filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-terse-output-546">terse output</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tex-230"><code>tex</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-bibliographies-for-559">TeX, bibliographies for</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-Metafont-477">TeX, creating from Metafont</a>: <a href="#mft-invocation">mft invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-creating-from-WEB-597">TeX, creating from WEB</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-description-of-225">TeX, description of</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-extensions-to-351">TeX, extensions to</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-format-packages-for-273">TeX, format packages for</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-initial-266">TeX, initial</a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-input-files-found-233">TeX, input files found</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-invocation-231">TeX, invocation</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-Metafont_002c-and-MetaPost-157">TeX, Metafont, and MetaPost</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> <li><a href="#index-g_t_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-Web2c-implementation-of-3">TeX, Web2c implementation of</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tex_002efmt-272"><code>tex.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXBIB_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-544"><code>TEXBIB</code><span class="roman">, search path for bib files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXEDIT-210"><code>TEXEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-texfonts_002emap-148"><code>texfonts.map</code></a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Texinfo-281">Texinfo</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-texmf_002ecnf-144"><code>texmf.cnf</code></a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-texmfmp_002ec-464"><code>texmfmp.c</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-reading_007d-157"><code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code><span class="roman">, used for reading</span></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-if-_0040samp_007b_002e_007d-unwritable_007d-155"><code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code><span class="roman">, used if ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">.</span></samp><span class="roman">’ unwritable</span></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-texput-236"><code>texput</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-760">TFM files, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-explained-654">TFM files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tex_002efmt-270"><code>tex.fmt</code></a>: <a href="#Initial-TeX">Initial TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXBIB_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-bib-files_007d-542"><code>TEXBIB</code><span class="roman">, search path for bib files</span></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXEDIT-208"><code>TEXEDIT</code></a>: <a href="#Editor-invocation">Editor invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-texfonts_002emap-146"><code>texfonts.map</code></a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Texinfo-279">Texinfo</a>: <a href="#Formats">Formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-texmf_002ecnf-142"><code>texmf.cnf</code></a>: <a href="#Path-searching">Path searching</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-texmfmp_002ec-462"><code>texmfmp.c</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-for-reading_007d-155"><code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code><span class="roman">, used for reading</span></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TEXMFOUTPUT_0040r_007b_002c-used-if-_0040samp_007b_002e_007d-unwritable_007d-153"><code>TEXMFOUTPUT</code><span class="roman">, used if ‘</span><samp><span class="samp">.</span></samp><span class="roman">’ unwritable</span></a>: <a href="#Output-file-location">Output file location</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-texput-234"><code>texput</code></a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-758">TFM files, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#pltotf-invocation">pltotf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-explained-652">TFM files, explained</a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> <li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-memory-for-79">TFM files, memory for</a>: <a href="#Runtime-options">Runtime options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-383">TFM files, output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-MetaPost-505">TFM files, output by MetaPost</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-width-of-characters-730">TFM width of characters</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TFM-width-of-characters-687">TFM width of characters</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tftopl-733"><code>tftopl</code></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-three-programs-158">three programs</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-time-and-date_002c-in-memory-dumps-203">time and date, in memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-title-font-470">title font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-toolkits_002c-X-447">toolkits, X</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-Metafont-381">TFM files, output by Metafont</a>: <a href="#mf-invocation">mf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-files_002c-output-by-MetaPost-503">TFM files, output by MetaPost</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-width-of-characters-728">TFM width of characters</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TFM-width-of-characters-685">TFM width of characters</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tftopl-731"><code>tftopl</code></a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-three-programs-156">three programs</a>: <a href="#Three-programs">Three programs</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-time-and-date_002c-in-memory-dumps-201">time and date, in memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Hardware-and-memory-dumps">Hardware and memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-title-font-468">title font</a>: <a href="#gftodvi-invocation">gftodvi invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-toolkits_002c-X-445">toolkits, X</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> <li><a href="#index-torture-tests-65">torture tests</a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> <li><a href="#index-translation-file-for-_0040TeX_007b_007d_002c-specifying-135">translation file for TeX, specifying</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-translation-from-WEB-to-C-6">translation from WEB to C</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> @@ -4649,75 +4645,74 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> <li><a href="#index-trip-test-62">trip test</a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> <li><a href="#index-tripman_002etex-66"><code>tripman.tex</code></a>: <a href="#Triptrap">Triptrap</a></li> <li><a href="#index-triptrap-_0040r_007bMake-target_007d-57"><code>triptrap </code><span class="roman">Make target</span></a>: <a href="#Additional-targets">Additional targets</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Troff_002c-and-MetaPost-510">Troff, and MetaPost</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Troff_002c-WEB-for-580">Troff, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Trojan-horses-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-243">Trojan horses and TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-TUGboat-bibliography-560">TUGboat bibliography</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Type-1-conversion-794">Type 1 conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-type-design_002c-personal-401">type design, personal</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-DVI-630">type programs, DVI</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-GF-711">type programs, GF</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-PK-680">type programs, PK</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-pool-608">type programs, pool</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-typeface-families-367">typeface families</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-typeface-specimen-sheets-798">typeface specimen sheets</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-typesetting-228">typesetting</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Unicode-357">Unicode</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Unicode-input-247">Unicode input</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-uniterm-438"><code>uniterm</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-unsrt_002ebst-571"><code>unsrt.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-using-local-codepage-to-display-messages-142">using local codepage to display messages</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-UTF_002d8-input-248">UTF-8 input</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-DVI-files-631">validation, of DVI files</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-GF-files-712">validation, of GF files</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-PK-files-681">validation, of PK files</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-TFM-files-735">validation, of TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-VF-files-764">validation, of VF files</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-verbose-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-output_002c-suppressing-549">verbose BibTeX output, suppressing</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Troff_002c-and-MetaPost-508">Troff, and MetaPost</a>: <a href="#mpost-invocation">mpost invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Troff_002c-WEB-for-578">Troff, WEB for</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Trojan-horses-and-_0040TeX_007b_007d-programs-241">Trojan horses and TeX programs</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-TUGboat-bibliography-558">TUGboat bibliography</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Type-1-conversion-792">Type 1 conversion</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-type-design_002c-personal-399">type design, personal</a>: <a href="#Initial-Metafont">Initial Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-DVI-628">type programs, DVI</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-GF-709">type programs, GF</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-PK-678">type programs, PK</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-type-programs_002c-pool-606">type programs, pool</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-typeface-families-365">typeface families</a>: <a href="#Metafont">Metafont</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-typeface-specimen-sheets-796">typeface specimen sheets</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-typesetting-226">typesetting</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Unicode-355">Unicode</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Unicode-input-245">Unicode input</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-uniterm-436"><code>uniterm</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-unsrt_002ebst-569"><code>unsrt.bst</code></a>: <a href="#Basic-BibTeX-style-files">Basic BibTeX style files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-UTF_002d8-input-246">UTF-8 input</a>: <a href="#tex-invocation">tex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-DVI-files-629">validation, of DVI files</a>: <a href="#dvitype-invocation">dvitype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-GF-files-710">validation, of GF files</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-PK-files-679">validation, of PK files</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-TFM-files-733">validation, of TFM files</a>: <a href="#tftopl-invocation">tftopl invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-validation_002c-of-VF-files-762">validation, of VF files</a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-verbose-Bib_0040TeX_007b_007d-output_002c-suppressing-547">verbose BibTeX output, suppressing</a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> <li><a href="#index-verbosity_002c-enabling-99">verbosity, enabling</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> <li><a href="#index-version-number_002c-finding-101">version number, finding</a>: <a href="#Common-options">Common options</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-vertical-escapement-725">vertical escapement</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-VF-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-771">VF files, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-vftovp-762"><code>vftovp</code></a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virgin-programs-164">virgin programs</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtual-font-creation-802">virtual font creation</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtual-fonts_002c-expanding-617">virtual fonts, expanding</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtual_002dfonts_002eknuth-664"><code>virtual-fonts.knuth</code></a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-virtualfonts_002etxt-665"><code>virtualfonts.txt</code></a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-vptovf-769"><code>vptovf</code></a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-weave-598"><code>weave</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-WEB-572">WEB</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-web-environments_002c-and-security-348">web environments, and security</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-WEB-pool-files_002c-displaying-610">WEB pool files, displaying</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-WEB-programs_002c-compiling-583">WEB programs, compiling</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-WEB-programs_002c-typesetting-600">WEB programs, typesetting</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-WEB2C_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-TCX-files_007d-310"><code>WEB2C</code><span class="roman">, search path for TCX files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-vertical-escapement-723">vertical escapement</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-VF-files_002c-converting-property-lists-to-769">VF files, converting property lists to</a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-vftovp-760"><code>vftovp</code></a>: <a href="#vftovp-invocation">vftovp invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virgin-programs-162">virgin programs</a>: <a href="#Initial-and-virgin">Initial and virgin</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtual-font-creation-800">virtual font creation</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtual-fonts_002c-expanding-615">virtual fonts, expanding</a>: <a href="#dvicopy-invocation">dvicopy invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtual_002dfonts_002eknuth-662"><code>virtual-fonts.knuth</code></a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-virtualfonts_002etxt-663"><code>virtualfonts.txt</code></a>: <a href="#Font-file-formats">Font file formats</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-vptovf-767"><code>vptovf</code></a>: <a href="#vptovf-invocation">vptovf invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-weave-596"><code>weave</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-WEB-570">WEB</a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-web-environments_002c-and-security-346">web environments, and security</a>: <a href="#Shell-escapes">Shell escapes</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-WEB-pool-files_002c-displaying-608">WEB pool files, displaying</a>: <a href="#pooltype-invocation">pooltype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-WEB-programs_002c-compiling-581">WEB programs, compiling</a>: <a href="#tangle-invocation">tangle invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-WEB-programs_002c-typesetting-598">WEB programs, typesetting</a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-WEB2C_0040r_007b_002c-search-path-for-TCX-files_007d-308"><code>WEB2C</code><span class="roman">, search path for TCX files</span></a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Weber_002c-Olaf-18">Weber, Olaf</a>: <a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-webmac_002etex-606"><code>webmac.tex</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-webman_002etex-574"><code>webman.tex</code></a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-whitespace_002c-in-TCX-files-318">whitespace, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-whitespace_002dterminated-filenames-218">whitespace-terminated filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-732">width, device-independent</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-689">width, device-independent</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-width_002c-in-pixels-697">width, in pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-word-processor_002c-not-231">word processor, not</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-writing-memory-dumps-174">writing memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Creating-memory-dumps">Creating memory dumps</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-X-bitmap-fonts-777">X bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-X-class-name-for-Metafont-454">X class name for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-x-offset-698">x offset</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-X-resources-453">X resources</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-X-toolkits-and-Metafont-448">X toolkits and Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-xampl_002ebib-557"><code>xampl.bib</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-xbfe_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-782"><code>xbfe</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Xe_0040TeX_007b_007d-364">XeTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-xfed_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-783"><code>xfed</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-xfedor_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-784"><code>xfedor</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Xlib-443"><code>Xlib</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Xlib-support-450">Xlib support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Xt-442"><code>Xt</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Xt-support-449">Xt support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-xterm-444"><code>xterm</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-y-offset-699">y offset</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g_t_007e-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-224"><code>~ </code><span class="roman">expansion in filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-webmac_002etex-604"><code>webmac.tex</code></a>: <a href="#weave-invocation">weave invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-webman_002etex-572"><code>webman.tex</code></a>: <a href="#WEB">WEB</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-whitespace_002c-in-TCX-files-316">whitespace, in TCX files</a>: <a href="#TCX-files">TCX files</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-whitespace_002dterminated-filenames-216">whitespace-terminated filenames</a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-730">width, device-independent</a>: <a href="#gftype-invocation">gftype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-width_002c-device_002dindependent-687">width, device-independent</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-width_002c-in-pixels-695">width, in pixels</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-word-processor_002c-not-229">word processor, not</a>: <a href="#TeX">TeX</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-writing-memory-dumps-172">writing memory dumps</a>: <a href="#Creating-memory-dumps">Creating memory dumps</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-X-bitmap-fonts-775">X bitmap fonts</a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-X-class-name-for-Metafont-452">X class name for Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-x-offset-696">x offset</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-X-resources-451">X resources</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-X-toolkits-and-Metafont-446">X toolkits and Metafont</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-xampl_002ebib-555"><code>xampl.bib</code></a>: <a href="#bibtex-invocation">bibtex invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-xbfe_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-780"><code>xbfe</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Xe_0040TeX_007b_007d-362">XeTeX</a>: <a href="#TeX-extensions">TeX extensions</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-xfed_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-781"><code>xfed</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-xfedor_0040r_007b_002c-bitmap-font-editor_007d-782"><code>xfedor</code><span class="roman">, bitmap font editor</span></a>: <a href="#Font-utilities-available-elsewhere">Font utilities available elsewhere</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Xlib-441"><code>Xlib</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Xlib-support-448">Xlib support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Xt-440"><code>Xt</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Xt-support-447">Xt support</a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-xterm-442"><code>xterm</code></a>: <a href="#Online-Metafont-graphics">Online Metafont graphics</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-y-offset-697">y offset</a>: <a href="#pktype-invocation">pktype invocation</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_007e-_0040r_007bexpansion-in-filenames_007d-222"><code>~ </code><span class="roman">expansion in filenames</span></a>: <a href="#g_t_005cinput-filenames">\input filenames</a></li> </ul></body></html> |