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-<head>
-<title>UK TeX FAQ -- question label virtualfonts</title>
-</head><body>
-<h3>Virtual fonts</h3>
-<p/>Virtual fonts provide a means of collecting bits and pieces together
-to make the glyphs of a font: the bits and pieces may be other glyphs,
-rules and other &ldquo;basic&rdquo; typesetting commands, and the positioning
-information that specifies how everything comes together.
-<p/>Things that match the concept of virtual fonts for TeX were first
-implemented by David Fuchs in the very early days. However, for practical
-purposes for the rest of us, virtual fonts date from when Knuth
-specified a format and wrote some support software, in 1989 (he
-published an article in <i>TUGboat</i> at the time, and a plain text
-copy is available on CTAN).
-<p/>Virtual fonts provide a way of telling TeX about something more
-complicated than just a one-to-one character mapping. The entities you
-define in a virtual font look like characters to TeX (they appear
-with their sizes in a TFM file), but the DVI processor may
-expand them to something quite different.
-<p/>From the virtual font file, the DVI processor learns
-details of what is in the virtual font, so as to know &ldquo;what to draw,
-where&rdquo;. The virtual font may contain commands:
-<ul>
-<li> just to remap the glyphs of a single font,
-<li> to make a composite font with glyphs drawn from several
- different fonts, or
-<li> to build up an effect in arbitrarily complicated ways (since a
- virtual font may contain anything which is legal in a DVI
- file).
-</ul>
-<p/>
-
-In practice, the most common use of virtual fonts is to remap
-Adobe Type 1 fonts (see <a href="FAQ-metrics.html">font metrics</a>),
-though there has also been useful useful work building &lsquo;fake&rsquo; maths
-fonts (by bundling glyphs from several fonts into a single virtual
-font). Virtual Computer Modern fonts, making a
-<a href="FAQ-ECfonts.html">Cork encoded</a> font from Knuth&rsquo;s originals by using
-remapping and fragments of DVI for single-glyph &lsquo;accented
-characters&rsquo;, were the first &ldquo;Type 1 format&rdquo; Cork-encoded Computer
-Modern fonts available.
-<p/>Virtual fonts are normally created in a single ASCII
-VPL (Virtual Property List) file, which includes both sets of
-information. The <i>vptovf</i> program is then used to the create
-the binary TFM and VF files.
-<p/>A &ldquo;how-to&rdquo; document, explaining how to generate a VPL,
-describes the endless hours of fun that may be had, doing the job by
-hand. Despite the pleasures to be had of the manual method, the
-commonest way (nowadays) of generating VPL files is to use the
-<i>fontinst</i> package, which is described in detail
-together with the discussion of
-<a href="FAQ-metrics.html">PostScript font metrics</a>.
-<i>Qdtexvpl</i> is another utility for creating ad-hoc virtual
-fonts (it uses TeX to parse a description of the virtual font, and
-<i>qdtexvpl</i> itself processes the resulting DVI file).
-<dl>
-<dt><tt><i>fontinst</i></tt><dd><a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/utilities/fontinst.zip">fonts/utilities/fontinst</a> (<a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/utilities/fontinst.tar.gz">gzipped tar</a>, <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/fonts/utilities/fontinst/">browse</a>)
-<dt><tt><i>Knuth on virtual fonts</i></tt><dd><a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/knuth/virtual-fonts">info/knuth/virtual-fonts</a>
-<dt><tt><i>Virtual fonts &ldquo;how to&rdquo;</i></tt><dd><a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/virtualfontshowto/virtualfontshowto.txt">info/virtualfontshowto/virtualfontshowto.txt</a>
-<dt><tt><i>qdtexvpl</i></tt><dd><a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/utilities/qdtexvpl.zip">fonts/utilities/qdtexvpl</a> (<a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/utilities/qdtexvpl.tar.gz">gzipped tar</a>, <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/fonts/utilities/qdtexvpl/">browse</a>)
-</dl>
-<p/><p>This question on the Web: <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=virtualfonts">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=virtualfonts</a>
-</body>