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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/tkz-base/TKZdoc-base-axes.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/tkz-base/TKZdoc-base-axes.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..57ff5132d79 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/tkz-base/TKZdoc-base-axes.tex @@ -0,0 +1,503 @@ +\section{Macros for the axes} + + \tkzHandBomb\ Careful, these macros have been modified. It's now easier to use the styles of \TIKZ. \tkzcname{tkzDrawX} allows to draw an axis, \tkzcname{tkzLabelX} places graduations and finally in simple cases \tkzcname{tkzAxeX} traces and graduations. The options of \TIKZ\ are accessible. +Fractions can be used for graduations. +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +% tkzDrawX +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +\subsection{\tkzcname{tkzDrawX}} \hypertarget{dx}{} +\begin{NewMacroBox}{tkzDrawX}{\oarg{local options}}% +This macro allows you to draw the abscissa axis with default ticks. +The options are those of \TIKZ\ plus the following ones: + +\medskip +\begin{tabular}{lll}% +\toprule +options & default & definition \\ +\midrule +\TOline{color} {black} {Axis and ticks} +\TOline{noticks} {false} {no ticks on axis} +\TOline{right space}{0.5 cm} {axis extended right} +\TOline{left space} {0 cm} {extension of the axis to the left} +\TOline{label} {$x$} {label name} +\TOline{trig} {0} {if <>0 graduations are multiples of $pi$/trig" "trig is an integer"} +\TOline{tickwd} {0.8pt} {tick thickness} +\TOline{tickup} {1pt} {tick over axis} +\TOline{tickdn} {1pt} {tick depth over axis} +\bottomrule +\end{tabular} + +\medskip +\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,scale=2] + \draw[line width=2 pt](0,0)--(4,0); + \draw[fill] (2cm-6pt,-14pt) rectangle (2cm+6pt,+14pt); + \draw[<->](2cm-6.5pt,18pt) -- (2cm+6.5pt,+18pt); + \node[above] at (2cm,20pt) {tickwd}; + \draw[<->](2cm+10pt,1pt) -- (2cm+10pt,+14pt); + \node[right] at (2cm+10pt,8pt) {tickup}; + \draw[<->](2cm+10pt,-1pt) -- (2cm+10pt,-14pt); + \node[right] at (2cm+10pt,-8pt) {tickdn}; +\end{tikzpicture} + +\medskip +This macro is used to draw the abscissa axis. The most important thing is to test all the options. Above, you have the values that define a tick. Otherwise the options of \TIKZ\ apply and in particular \tkzname{text}, \tkzname{color}, \tkzname{fill} and \tkzname{font}. +\end{NewMacroBox} + +\subsubsection{No tick, no label} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=8cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmax=5] + \tkzDrawX[label={},noticks] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Label placement} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=8cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmax=5] + \tkzDrawX[label = quantity, + above left = 8pt] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + + +\subsubsection{Label and Axis Colour} +The color of the label is obtained with the option \tkzname{text}, that of the axis with the option \tkzname{color}. + +The option \tkzname{right=12pt} shifts the label $x$ by 12 pt. + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=7cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmax=5] + \tkzDrawX[text=blue,color=red,right=12pt] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Option \tkzname{right space}} +It adds a little space after the last tick. +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} +\tkzInit[xmax=0.4,xstep=0.1] +\tkzDrawX[text=blue,color=red,right=12pt,right space=1] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + + \subsubsection{Trigonometric axis with the option \tkzname{trig=$n$}}\hypertarget{newm}{} +If $number=0$ then the axis is graduated from cm to cm, otherwise the axis is graduated using multiples of $\frac{\pi}{number}$. + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=0,xmax=4,ymin=-1,ymax=1] + \tkzDrawX[trig=1] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Trigonometric axis with the option \tkzname{trig=2} } + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=0,xmax=4,ymin=-1,ymax=1] + \tkzDrawX[trig=2] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +% tkzLabelX +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +\subsection{\tkzcname{tkzLabelX}}\hypertarget{lx}{} +\begin{NewMacroBox}{tkzLabelX}{\oarg{local options}}% +This macro allows you to place graduations. The option \tkzname{orig} can be used again, but its behavior is reversed. By default, the original value is placed. +The options are those of \TIKZ, plus the following ones: + +\medskip +\begin{tabular}{lll} +\toprule +options & default & definition \\ +\midrule +\TOline{frac} {0}{if <>0 graduations are multiples num/frac "frac is an integer"} +\TOline{trig} {0}{if <>0 graduations are multiples $pi$/trig "trig is an integer"} +\TOline{font} {\BS textstyle} {scale size.} +\TOline{color} {black} {graduation color} +\TOline{step} {1} {interval between graduations} +\TOline{np off} {false} {numprint deactivation} +\TOline{orig} {true} {displays the origin graduation } +\bottomrule +\end{tabular} + +{\tkzname{frac} and \tkzname{trig} are integers that can be changed to fractional or trigonometric writing. } +\end{NewMacroBox} + +\subsubsection{Position of the graduations} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} +\tkzInit[xmax=.5,xstep=0.1] +\tkzDrawX[label=$t$,text=blue,color=red] +\tkzLabelX[text=blue,below = 3pt] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + + +\subsubsection{Position of the graduations with \tkzname{xlabel style}} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=5cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=1000,xmax=4000,xstep=1000] + \tkzDrawX + \tikzset{xlabel style/.append style={rotate=-30}} + \tkzLabelX[below right=3 pt,inner sep = 1pt] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Dates with \tkzname{np off}} +For dates, you have to deactivate numprint. +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=5cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=2000,xmax=2004] + \tkzDrawX + \tikzset{xlabel style/.append style={rotate=-30}} + \tkzLabelX[np off,below right=3 pt,inner sep =1pt] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{\tkzname{frac}} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} +\tkzInit[xmax=1.75,xstep=0.33333] +\tkzDrawX[label=$t$,text=blue,color=red] +\tkzLabelX[frac=3,text=blue,below = 6pt] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{\tkzname{trig}} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=0,xmax=5,ymin=-1,ymax=1] + \tkzDrawX[trig=2] + \tkzLabelX[trig=2,text=blue,below = 8pt] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Graduations size} +Two possibilities. It is possible to define the default style used for the math mode: + +\begin{tkzltxexample}[small] +\let\tkzmathstyle\textstyle +\end{tkzltxexample} + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=0,xmax=5,ymin=-1,ymax=1] + \tkzDrawX[trig=2] + \tkzLabelX[trig=2,text=blue,below = 8pt] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=0,xmax=5,ymin=-1,ymax=1] + \let\tkzmathstyle\textstyle + \tkzDrawX[trig=2] + \tkzLabelX[trig=2,text=blue, + below = 8pt] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=0,xmax=5,ymin=-1,ymax=1] + \tkzDrawX[trig=2] + \tkzLabelX[trig=2,text=blue, + below = 8pt,node font=\small] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=0,xmax=5,ymin=-1,ymax=1] + \tkzDrawX[trig=2] + \tkzLabelX[trig=2,text=blue, + below = 8pt,node font=\scriptsize] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Colour of the graduations} +The key here is to use the color, text, and text options correctly. +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=7cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin = -2,xmax = 3, + ymin = -2,ymax = 2] + \tkzDrawX[color = red, + label = $\displaystyle\frac{1}{t}$, + below = 6pt] + \tkzLabelX[text=blue] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Axis drawings before the graduation} +In some cases, it is preferable to place \tkzcname{tkzDrawXY} after \tkzcname{tkzLabelX} and \tkzcname{tkzLabelY}. + +This prevents display problems. + + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=7cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} +\tkzInit[xmin = -1,xmax = 4, + ymin = -1,ymax = 1] +\tkzDrawXY \tkzLabelX \tkzLabelY +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Graduations (except originally) prior to tracings } + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=7cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin = -1,xmax = 4, + ymin = -1,ymax = 1] + \tkzLabelX[orig=false] + \tkzLabelY[orig=false] + \tkzDrawXY +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Only positive graduations before drawings } + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=7cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=2,ymin=2,xmax=4,ymax=4] + \tkzLabelX \tkzLabelY + \tkzDrawXY +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{No graduations at the origin } + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=7cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=2,ymin=2,xmax=4,ymax=4] + \tkzLabelX[orig] \tkzLabelY[orig] + \tkzDrawXY +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +% tkzAxeX +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +\subsection{\tkzcname{tkzAxeX}}\hypertarget{ax}{} +\begin{NewMacroBox}{tkzAxeX}{\oarg{local options}}% +This macro allows you to draw the abscissa axis with default ticks as well as the graduations. It combines the two macros \tkzcname{tkzDrawX} and \tkzcname{tkzLabelX}. It should only be used in simple cases. + +\medskip +\begin{tabular}{lll}% +\toprule +options & default & definition \\ +\midrule +\TOline{label} {$x$}{label name} +\TOline{trig} {0}{if <>0, graduations are multiples of $pi$/trig} +\TOline{frac} {0}{if <>0, graduations are multiples of 1/frac} +\TOline{swap} {false}{allows you to run \tkzcname{tkzLabelX} before \tkzcname{tkzDrawX}} +\bottomrule +\end{tabular} + +The option \tkzname{text} defines the color of the graduations. +\end{NewMacroBox} + +\subsubsection{Example with \tkzcname{tkzAxeX}} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=7cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmax=0.5,xstep=0.1,ymax=1] + \tkzGrid + \tkzAxeX[text=blue] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Use of \tkzname{pi} and \tkzcname{tkzAxeX}} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=5cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmax=4,ymax=3.5] + \let\tkzmathstyle\displaystyle + \tkzLabelX[orig = false, frac = 4,below = 10pt] + \tkzDrawX[label = $t$] + \tkzAxeY[trig=2] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + + +\subsubsection{Option \tkzname{frac} and \tkzname{trig}} +In this example, we position the $t$ label as well as the graduations. \tkzcname{below=10pt} is used to place the graduations underneath. +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=5cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmax=9,xstep=3,ymax=3.5] + \tkzLabelX[below=10pt,orig=false,frac=3] + \tkzDrawX[label = $t$] + \tkzAxeY[trig=2] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +% tkzDrawY +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +\subsection{\tkzcname{tkzDrawY}} \hypertarget{dy}{} +\begin{NewMacroBox}{tkzDrawY}{\oarg{local options}}% +This macro allows you to draw the ordinate axis with default ticks. +The options are those of \TIKZ\ plus the following ones: + +\medskip +\begin{tabular}{lll}% +\toprule +options & default & definition \\ +\midrule +\TOline{color} {black} {color of axis and ticks} +\TOline{noticks} {false} {no ticks on the axis} +\TOline{up space} {0.5 cm} {top axis extension} +\TOline{down space} {0 cm}{axis extension down} +\TOline{label} {$x$}{label name} +\TOline{trig} {0}{if <>0, graduations are multiples of $pi$/trig "trig is an integer" } +\TOline{tickwd} {0.8pt}{tick's thickness} +\TOline{ticklt} {1pt}{height of the tick above the axis} +\TOline{tickrt} {1pt}{above-axis tick depth} +\end{tabular} +\end{NewMacroBox} + +\subsection{\tkzcname{tkzLabelY}} \hypertarget{ly}{} +\begin{NewMacroBox}{tkzLabelY}{\oarg{local options}}% +This macro allows you to draw the abscissa axis with default ticks. +The options are those of \TIKZ\ plus the following ones: + +\medskip +\begin{tabular}{lll}% +\toprule +options & default & definition \\ +\midrule +\TOline{color} {black} {graduation color} +\TOline{frac} {0}{if <>0, graduations are multiples of $1$/frac "frac is an integer"} +\TOline{font} {\BS textstyle} {graduation size.} +\TOline{step} {1} {interval between graduations} +\bottomrule +\end{tabular} + +{\tkzname{frac} is a integer that can be changed to fractional or trigonometric writing.} +\end{NewMacroBox} + +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +% tkzAxeY +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +\subsection{\tkzcname{tkzAxeY}}\hypertarget{ay}{} +\begin{NewMacroBox}{tkzAxeY}{\oarg{local options}}% +This macro combines the two macros: +\tkzcname{tkzDrawY} \tkzcname{tkzLabelY} +See \tkzcname{tkzAxeX} for options. +\end{NewMacroBox} +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +% tkzAxeXY +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +\subsection{\tkzcname{tkzAxeXY}} \hypertarget{axy}{} +\begin{NewMacroBox}{tkzAxeXY}{\oarg{local options}}% +This macro combines the four macros: +\tkzcname{tkzDrawX}\tkzcname{tkzDrawY} \tkzcname{tkzLabelX}\tkzcname{tkzLabelY} + +It is necessary to use common options as in the example below, but this means that the same options are applied to both macros. Thus it is not possible to change \tkzname{label}. +\end{NewMacroBox} + +\subsubsection{Colour of axes, graduations} + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=-1,xmax=4,ymin=-1,ymax=3] + \tkzAxeXY[label={},text=blue] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Option \tkzname{label=\{\}}} + +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=-1,xmax=4,ymin=-1,ymax=2] + \tkzAxeXY[label={},text=blue,trig=2] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Option \tkzname{swap}} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} +\tkzInit[xmin=-2,xmax=2,ymin=-2,ymax=2] +\tkzAxeXY[label={},swap] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +% tkzDrawXY +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +\subsection{\tkzcname{tkzDrawXY}} \hypertarget{dxy}{} +\begin{NewMacroBox}{tkzDrawXY}{\oarg{local options}}% +This macro combines the two macros: \tkzcname{tkzDrawX}\tkzcname{tkzDrawY}. +It is necessary to use common options as in the example below. +\end{NewMacroBox} + +\subsubsection{Common colour and empty labels} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=-1,xmax=4,ymin=-1,ymax=1] + \tkzDrawXY[label={},color=red] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +\subsubsection{Two trigonometric axes} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=-1,xmax=4,ymin=-1,ymax=1] + \tkzDrawXY[label={},color=red,trig=4] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +% tkzLabelXY +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +\subsection{\tkzcname{tkzLabelXY}} \hypertarget{lxy}{} +\begin{NewMacroBox}{tkzLabelXY}{\oarg{local options}}% +This macro combines the two macros: + + \tkzcname{tkzLabelX}\tkzcname{tkzLabelY} + +It is necessary to use common options as in the example below. +\end{NewMacroBox} + +\subsubsection{} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=6cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture} + \tkzInit[xmin=-1,xmax=4,ymin=-1,ymax=1] + \tkzDrawXY[label={},color=red] + \tkzLabelXY[text=blue] +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +% tkzSetUpAxis +%<---------------------------------------------------------------------> +\subsection{Changing values by axis default} \hypertarget{axis}{} + +\begin{NewMacroBox}{tkzSetUpAxis}{\oarg{local options}}% +\begin{tabular}{lll}% +options & default & definition \\ +\midrule +\TOline{line width}{|0.4pt|}{line width defines the width of the line} +\TOline{tickwd}{|0.8pt|}{tick thickness } +\TOline{ticka}{|1pt|}{right side or above the tick } +\TOline{tickb}{|1pt|}{left side or below the tick } +\TOline{font}{|\tkzcname{textstyle}|}{graduation size.} +\end{tabular} +\end{NewMacroBox} + +\subsubsection{Changing the default axes} +\begin{tkzexample}[latex=5cm,small] +\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1] + \tkzInit[ymax=2,xmax=4] + \tkzSetUpAxis[line width=1pt,tickwd=1pt,ticka=3pt, tickb=0pt] + \tkzAxeXY +\end{tikzpicture} +\end{tkzexample} + +You have to run \tkzcname{tkzSetUpAxis} again to retrieve the default values. + +\medskip +\begin{tkzltxexample}[small] +\tkzSetUpAxis[line width=1pt,tickwd=1pt,ticka=2pt,tickb=2pt] +\end{tkzltxexample} + +\tkzSetUpAxis[line width=1pt,tickwd=1pt,ticka=2pt,tickb=2pt] + +\endinput |