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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/pgf/version-for-tex4ht/en/pgfmanualse10.html b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/pgf/version-for-tex4ht/en/pgfmanualse10.html deleted file mode 100644 index e91312a11ed..00000000000 --- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/pgf/version-for-tex4ht/en/pgfmanualse10.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3518 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" - "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html > -<head><title>10 Actions on Paths</title> -<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> -<meta name="generator" content="TeX4ht (http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/mn.html)"> -<meta name="originator" content="TeX4ht (http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/mn.html)"> -<!-- html --> -<meta name="src" content="pgfmanual.tex"> -<meta name="date" content="2005-11-15 18:41:00"> -<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="pgfmanual.css"> -</head><body -> - <div class="crosslinks"><p class="noindent">[<a -href="pgfmanualse11.html" >next</a>] [<a -href="pgfmanualse9.html" >prev</a>] [<a -href="pgfmanualse9.html#tailpgfmanualse9.html" >prev-tail</a>] [<a -href="#tailpgfmanualse10.html">tail</a>] [<a -href="pgfmanual.html#pgfmanualse10.html" >up</a>] </p></div> - <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10 </span> <a - id="x11-12000010"></a>Actions on Paths</h3> -<!--l. 10--><p class="noindent">Once a path has been constructed, different things can be done with it. It can be drawn (or stroked) with -a “pen,” it can be filled with a color or shading, it can be used for clipping subsequent drawing, it -can be used to specify the extend of the picture--or any combination of these actions at the same -time. -<!--l. 16--><p class="indent"> To decide what is to be done with a path, two methods can be used. First, you can use a special-purpose -command like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\draw</span></span></span> to indicate that the path should be drawn. However, commands like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\draw</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\fill</span></span></span> are -just abbreviations for special cases of the more general method: Here, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path</span></span></span> command is used -to specify the path. Then, options encountered on the path indicate what should be done with the -path. -<!--l. 24--><p class="indent"> For example, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> (1cm);</span></span></span> means “This is a path consisting of a circle around the origin. Do -not do anything with it (throw it away).” However, if the option <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">draw</span></span></span> is encountered anywhere on the path, the -circle will be drawn. “Anywhere” is any point on the path where an option can be given, which is everywhere where -a path command like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">circle</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> (1cm)</span></span></span> or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> (1,1)</span></span></span> or even just <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">(0,0)</span></span></span> would also be allowed. Thus, the -following commands all draw the same circle: -<!--l. 32--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-156-" ><colgroup id="TBL-156-1g"><col -id="TBL-156-1"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-156-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-156-1-1" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\path</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [draw]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\path</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [draw]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\path</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [draw];</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> -<!--l. 37--><p class="indent"> Finally, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\draw</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> (1cm);</span></span></span> also draws a path, because <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\draw</span></span></span> is an abbreviation for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> [draw]</span></span></span> -and thus the command expands to the first line of the above example. -<!--l. 41--><p class="indent"> Similarly, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\fill</span></span></span> is an abbreviation for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path[fill]</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\filldraw</span></span></span> is an abbreviation for the -command <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path[fill,draw]</span></span></span>. Since options accumulate, the following commands all have the same -effect: -<!--l. 45--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-157-" ><colgroup id="TBL-157-1g"><col -id="TBL-157-1"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-157-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-157-1-1" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\path</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [draw,fill]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\path</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [draw]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [fill]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\path</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [fill]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [draw];</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [fill]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\fill</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [draw]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\filldraw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> -<!--l. 54--><p class="indent"> In the following subsection the different actions are explained that can be performed on a path. The following -commands are abbreviations for certain sets of actions, but for many useful combinations there are no -abbreviations: -<!--l. 59--><p class="indent"> - <dl class="description"><dt class="description"> -<span -class="colorbox" id="colorbox74"><span -class="cmtt-10">\draw</span></span> </dt><dd -class="description"> -<a - id="dx11-120001"></a> - <!--l. 60--><p class="noindent">Inside <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> this is an abbreviation for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path[draw]</span></span></span>. </dd></dl> -<!--l. 63--><p class="indent"> - <dl class="description"><dt class="description"> -<span -class="colorbox" id="colorbox75"><span -class="cmtt-10">\fill</span></span> </dt><dd -class="description"> -<a - id="dx11-120002"></a> - <!--l. 64--><p class="noindent">Inside <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> this is an abbreviation for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path[fill]</span></span></span>. </dd></dl> -<!--l. 67--><p class="indent"> - <dl class="description"><dt class="description"> -<span -class="colorbox" id="colorbox76"><span -class="cmtt-10">\filldraw</span></span> </dt><dd -class="description"> -<a - id="dx11-120003"></a> - <!--l. 68--><p class="noindent">Inside <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> this is an abbreviation for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path[fill,draw]</span></span></span>. </dd></dl> - - -<!--l. 71--><p class="indent"> - <dl class="description"><dt class="description"> -<span -class="colorbox" id="colorbox77"><span -class="cmtt-10">\shade</span></span> </dt><dd -class="description"> -<a - id="dx11-120004"></a> - <!--l. 72--><p class="noindent">Inside <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> this is an abbreviation for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path[shade]</span></span></span>. </dd></dl> -<!--l. 75--><p class="indent"> - <dl class="description"><dt class="description"> -<span -class="colorbox" id="colorbox78"><span -class="cmtt-10">\shadedraw</span></span> </dt><dd -class="description"> -<a - id="dx11-120005"></a> - <!--l. 76--><p class="noindent">Inside <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> this is an abbreviation for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path[shade,draw]</span></span></span>. </dd></dl> -<!--l. 79--><p class="indent"> - <dl class="description"><dt class="description"> -<span -class="colorbox" id="colorbox79"><span -class="cmtt-10">\clip</span></span> </dt><dd -class="description"> -<a - id="dx11-120006"></a> - <!--l. 80--><p class="noindent">Inside <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> this is an abbreviation for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path[clip]</span></span></span>. </dd></dl> -<!--l. 83--><p class="indent"> - <dl class="description"><dt class="description"> -<span -class="colorbox" id="colorbox80"><span -class="cmtt-10">\useasboundingbox</span></span> </dt><dd -class="description"> -<a - id="dx11-120007"></a> - <!--l. 84--><p class="noindent">Inside <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> this is an abbreviation for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path[use</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> as</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> bounding</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> box]</span></span></span>. </dd></dl> -<!--l. 87--><p class="indent"> - <dl class="description"><dt class="description"> -<span -class="colorbox" id="colorbox81"><span -class="cmtt-10">\node</span></span> </dt><dd -class="description"> -<a - id="dx11-120008"></a> - <!--l. 88--><p class="noindent">Inside <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> this is an abbreviation for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> node</span></span></span>. Note that, for once, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">node</span></span></span> is not an - option but a path operation. </dd></dl> -<!--l. 92--><p class="indent"> - <dl class="description"><dt class="description"> -<span -class="colorbox" id="colorbox82"><span -class="cmtt-10">\coordinate</span></span> </dt><dd -class="description"> -<a - id="dx11-120009"></a> - <!--l. 93--><p class="noindent">Inside <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> this is an abbreviation for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> coordinate</span></span></span>. </dd></dl> -<!--l. 98--><p class="noindent"> - <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.1 </span> <a - id="x11-12100010.1"></a>Specifying a Color</h4> -<!--l. 100--><p class="noindent">The most unspecific option for setting colors is the following: - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">color</span><a - id="dx11-121001"></a><a - id="dx11-121002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color name</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span><a - id="dx11-121003"></a><a - id="dx11-121004"></a>This option sets the color that is used for fill, drawing, and text inside the current - scope. Any special settings for filling colors or drawing colors are immediately “overruled” by this - option. - <!--l. 109--><p class="noindent">The <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color name</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>is the name of a previously defined color. For <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span -class="E">E</span>X</span></span> users, this is just a normal - “<span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span -class="E">E</span>X</span></span>-color” and the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">xcolor</span></span></span> extensions are allows. Here is an example: - <!--l. 113--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-158-" ><colgroup id="TBL-158-1g"><col -id="TBL-158-1"><col -id="TBL-158-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-158-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-158-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-156.svg" width="12.4814 " height="12.4814 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td> <td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-158-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[color=red!20]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - <!--l. 117--><p class="noindent">It is possible to “leave out” the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">color=</span></span></span> part and you can also write: - - - <!--l. 119--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-159-" ><colgroup id="TBL-159-1g"><col -id="TBL-159-1"><col -id="TBL-159-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-159-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-159-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-157.svg" width="12.4814 " height="12.4814 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td> <td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-159-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[red!20]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - <!--l. 122--><p class="noindent">What happens is that every option that Ti<span -class="cmti-10">k</span>Z does not know, like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">red!20</span></span></span>, gets a “second chance” as a color - name. - <!--l. 125--><p class="noindent">For plain <span class="TEX">T<span -class="E">E</span>X</span> users, it is not so easy to specify colors since plain <span class="TEX">T<span -class="E">E</span>X</span> has no “standardized” color naming - mechanism. Because of this, <span -class="cmcsc-10"><small -class="small-caps">P</small><small -class="small-caps">G</small><small -class="small-caps">F</small></span> emulates the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">xcolor</span></span></span> package, though the emulation is <span -class="cmti-10">extremely basic </span>(more - precisely, what I could hack together in two hours or so). The emulation allows you to do the - following: - <ul class="itemize2"> - <li class="itemize">Specify a new color using <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\definecolor</span></span></span>. Only the two color models <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">gray</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">rgb</span></span></span> are supported. - <!--l. 134--><p class="noindent"><span -class="cmti-10">Example: </span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\definecolor{orange}{rgb}{1,0.5,0}</span></span></span> - </li> - <li class="itemize">Use <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\colorlet</span></span></span> to define a new color based on an old one. Here, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">!</span></span></span> mechanism is supported, - though only “once” (use multiple <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\colorlet</span></span></span> for more fancy colors). - <!--l. 138--><p class="noindent"><span -class="cmti-10">Example: </span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\colorlet{lightgray}{black!25}</span></span></span> - </li> - <li class="itemize">Use <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\color</span></span></span><span -class="cmtt-10">{</span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color name</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span><span -class="cmtt-10">} </span>to set the color in the current <span class="TEX">T<span -class="E">E</span>X</span> group. <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\aftergroup</span></span></span>-hackery is - used to restore the color after the group.</li></ul> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 145--><p class="indent"> As pointed out above, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">color=</span></span></span> option applies to “everything” (except to shadings), which is not always what -you want. Because of this, there are several more specialized color options. For example, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">draw=</span></span></span> option sets the -color used for drawing, but does not modify the color used for filling. These color options are documented where the -path action they influence is described. -<!--l. 153--><p class="noindent"> - <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.2 </span> <a - id="x11-12200010.2"></a>Drawing a Path</h4> -<!--l. 155--><p class="noindent">You can draw a path using the following option: - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">draw</span><a - id="dx11-122001"></a><a - id="dx11-122002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span> Causes the path to be drawn. “Drawing” (also known as “stroking”) can be thought of - as picking up a pen and moving it along the path, thereby leaving “ink” on the canvas. - <!--l. 162--><p class="noindent">There are numerous parameters that influence how a line is drawn, like the thickness or the dash - pattern. These options are explained below. - <!--l. 166--><p class="noindent">If the optional <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>argument is given, drawing is done using the given <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span>. This color can be - different from the current filling color, which allows you to draw and fill a path with different colors. - If no <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>argument is given, the last usage of the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">color=</span></span></span> option is used. - <!--l. 172--><p class="noindent">If the special color name <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">none</span></span></span> is given, this option causes drawing to be “switched off.” This is useful - if a style has previously switched on drawing and you locally wish to undo this effect. - <!--l. 177--><p class="noindent">Although this option is normally used on paths to indicate that the path should be drawn, it also - makes sense to use the option with a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{scope}</span></span></span> or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> environment. However, this will <span -class="cmti-10">not</span> - cause all path to drawn. Instead, this just sets the <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>to be used for drawing paths inside the - environment. - <!--l. 183--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-160-" ><colgroup id="TBL-160-1g"><col -id="TBL-160-1"><col -id="TBL-160-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-160-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-160-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-158.svg" width="90.7403 " height="52.80345 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-160-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \path[draw=red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (10pt);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 190--><p class="indent"> The following subsections list the different options that influence how a path is drawn. All of these options only -have an effect if the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">draw</span></span></span> options is given (directly or indirectly). - - -<!--l. 194--><p class="noindent"> - <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.2.1 </span> <a - id="x11-12300010.2.1"></a>Graphic Parameters: Line Width, Line Cap, and Line Join</h5> - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">line width</span><a - id="dx11-123001"></a><a - id="dx11-123002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>Specifies the line width. Note the space. Default: <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">0.4pt</span></span></span>. - <!--l. 202--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-161-" ><colgroup id="TBL-161-1g"><col -id="TBL-161-1"><col -id="TBL-161-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-161-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-161-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-159.svg" width="45.60349 " height="16.27768 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-161-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[line</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> width=5pt]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,1.5ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 207--><p class="noindent">There are a number of predefined styles that provide more “natural” ways of setting the line width. You can also -redefine these styles. Remember that you can leave out the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span></span></span> when setting a style. - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">ultra thin</span><a - id="dx11-123003"></a><a - id="dx11-123004"></a> Sets the line width to 0.1pt. - <!--l. 215--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-162-" ><colgroup id="TBL-162-1g"><col -id="TBL-162-1"><col -id="TBL-162-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-162-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-162-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-160.svg" width="39.07018 " height="9.74438 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-162-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[ultra</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> thin]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,1.5ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">very thin</span><a - id="dx11-123005"></a><a - id="dx11-123006"></a> Sets the line width to 0.2pt. - <!--l. 221--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-163-" ><colgroup id="TBL-163-1g"><col -id="TBL-163-1"><col -id="TBL-163-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-163-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-163-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-161.svg" width="39.20348 " height="9.87769 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-163-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[very</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> thin]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,1.5ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">thin</span><a - id="dx11-123007"></a><a - id="dx11-123008"></a> Sets the line width to 0.4pt. - <!--l. 227--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-164-" ><colgroup id="TBL-164-1g"><col -id="TBL-164-1"><col -id="TBL-164-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-164-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-164-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-162.svg" width="39.47017 " height="10.14436 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-164-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[thin]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,1.5ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">semithick</span><a - id="dx11-123009"></a><a - id="dx11-123010"></a> Sets the line width to 0.6pt. - <!--l. 233--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-165-" ><colgroup id="TBL-165-1g"><col -id="TBL-165-1"><col -id="TBL-165-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-165-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-165-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-163.svg" width="39.73685 " height="10.41104 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-165-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[semithick]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,1.5ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">thick</span><a - id="dx11-123011"></a><a - id="dx11-123012"></a> Sets the line width to 0.8pt. - <!--l. 239--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-166-" ><colgroup id="TBL-166-1g"><col -id="TBL-166-1"><col -id="TBL-166-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-166-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-166-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-164.svg" width="40.00348 " height="10.67769 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-166-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[thick]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,1.5ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">very thick</span><a - id="dx11-123013"></a><a - id="dx11-123014"></a> Sets the line width to 1.2pt. - <!--l. 245--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-167-" ><colgroup id="TBL-167-1g"><col -id="TBL-167-1"><col -id="TBL-167-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-167-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-167-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-165.svg" width="40.5368 " height="11.21101 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-167-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[very</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> thick]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,1.5ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">ultra thick</span><a - id="dx11-123015"></a><a - id="dx11-123016"></a> Sets the line width to 1.6pt. - <!--l. 251--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-168-" ><colgroup id="TBL-168-1g"><col -id="TBL-168-1"><col -id="TBL-168-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-168-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-168-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-166.svg" width="41.07018 " height="11.74437 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-168-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[ultra</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> thick]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,1.5ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li></ul> - - - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">cap</span><a - id="dx11-123017"></a><a - id="dx11-123018"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">type</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>Specifies how lines “end.” Permissible <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">type</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>are <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">round</span></span></span>, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">rect</span></span></span>, and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">butt</span></span></span> (default). They - have the following effects: - <!--l. 261--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-169-" ><colgroup id="TBL-169-1g"><col -id="TBL-169-1"><col -id="TBL-169-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-169-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-169-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-167.svg" width="52.27013 " height="52.27013 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-169-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \begin{scope}[line</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> width=10pt]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[cap=rect]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> )</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[cap=butt]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[cap=round]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,1</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> )</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \end{scope}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[white,line</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> width=1pt]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> )</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,1</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> )</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">join</span><a - id="dx11-123019"></a><a - id="dx11-123020"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">type</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>Specifies how lines “join.” Permissible <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">type</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>are <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">round</span></span></span>, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">bevel</span></span></span>, and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">miter</span></span></span> (default). They have - the following effects: - <!--l. 277--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-170-" ><colgroup id="TBL-170-1g"><col -id="TBL-170-1"><col -id="TBL-170-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-170-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-170-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-168.svg" width="147.11221 " height="64.5719 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-170-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[line</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> width=10pt]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[join=round]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ++(.5,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ++(.5,-1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[join=bevel]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1.25,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ++(.5,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ++(.5,-1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[join=miter]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ++(.5,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ++(.5,-1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \useasboundingbox</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,1.5);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> make</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> bounding</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> box</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> bigger</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">miter limit</span><a - id="dx11-123021"></a><a - id="dx11-123022"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">factor</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>When you use the miter join and there is a very sharp corner (a small angle), the miter - join may protrude very far over the actual joining point. In this case, if it were to protrude by more - than <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">factor</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>times the line width, the miter join is replaced by a bevel join. Default value is - <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">10</span></span></span>. - <!--l. 293--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-169.svg" width="535.44917 " height="45.60345 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-171-" ><colgroup id="TBL-171-1g"><col -id="TBL-171-1"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-171-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-171-1-1" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[line</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> width=5pt]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ++(5,.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ++(-5,.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[miter</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> limit=25]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (6,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ++(5,.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ++(-5,.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \useasboundingbox</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (14,0);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> make</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> bounding</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> box</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> bigger</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 302--><p class="noindent"> - <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.2.2 </span> <a - id="x11-12400010.2.2"></a>Graphic Parameters: Dash Pattern</h5> - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">dash pattern</span><a - id="dx11-124001"></a><a - id="dx11-124002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">dash pattern</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>Sets the dashing pattern. The syntax is the same as in <span -class="cmcsc-10"><small -class="small-caps">M</small><small -class="small-caps">E</small><small -class="small-caps">T</small><small -class="small-caps">A</small><small -class="small-caps">F</small><small -class="small-caps">O</small><small -class="small-caps">N</small><small -class="small-caps">T</small></span>. For - example <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">on</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> 2pt</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> off</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> 3pt</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> on</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> 4pt</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> off</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> 4pt</span></span></span> means “draw 2pt, then leave out 3pt, then draw 4pt once - more, then leave out 4pt again, repeat”. - <!--l. 311--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-172-" ><colgroup id="TBL-172-1g"><col -id="TBL-172-1"><col -id="TBL-172-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-172-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-172-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-170.svg" width="134.31233 " height="2.33333 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-172-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[dash</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> pattern=on</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> 2pt</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> off</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> 3pt</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> on</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> 4pt</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> off</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> 4pt]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,0pt)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3.5cm,0pt);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - - - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">dash phase</span><a - id="dx11-124003"></a><a - id="dx11-124004"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">dash phase</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>Shifts the start of the dash pattern by <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">phase</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span>. - <!--l. 320--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-173-" ><colgroup id="TBL-173-1g"><col -id="TBL-173-1"><col -id="TBL-173-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-173-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-173-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-171.svg" width="134.31233 " height="5.5333 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-173-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[dash</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> pattern=on</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> 20pt</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> off</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> 10pt]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[dash</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> phase=0pt]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,3pt)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3.5cm,3pt);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[dash</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> phase=10pt]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,0pt)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3.5cm,0pt);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 328--><p class="noindent">As for the line thickness, some predefined styles allow you to set the dashing conveniently. - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">solid</span><a - id="dx11-124005"></a><a - id="dx11-124006"></a> Shorthand for setting a solid line as “dash pattern.” This is the default. - <!--l. 335--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-174-" ><colgroup id="TBL-174-1g"><col -id="TBL-174-1"><col -id="TBL-174-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-174-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-174-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-172.svg" width="68.19972 " height="2.33333 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-174-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[solid]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,0pt)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (50pt,0pt);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">dotted</span><a - id="dx11-124007"></a><a - id="dx11-124008"></a> Shorthand for setting a dotted dash pattern. - <!--l. 342--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-175-" ><colgroup id="TBL-175-1g"><col -id="TBL-175-1"><col -id="TBL-175-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-175-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-175-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-173.svg" width="68.19972 " height="2.33333 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-175-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[dotted]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,0pt)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (50pt,0pt);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">densely dotted</span><a - id="dx11-124009"></a><a - id="dx11-124010"></a> Shorthand for setting a densely dotted dash pattern. - <!--l. 349--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-176-" ><colgroup id="TBL-176-1g"><col -id="TBL-176-1"><col -id="TBL-176-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-176-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-176-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-174.svg" width="68.19972 " height="2.33333 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-176-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[densely</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> dotted]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,0pt)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (50pt,0pt);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">loosely dotted</span><a - id="dx11-124011"></a><a - id="dx11-124012"></a> Shorthand for setting a loosely dotted dash pattern. - <!--l. 356--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-177-" ><colgroup id="TBL-177-1g"><col -id="TBL-177-1"><col -id="TBL-177-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-177-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-177-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-175.svg" width="68.19972 " height="2.33333 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-177-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[loosely</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> dotted]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,0pt)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (50pt,0pt);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">dashed</span><a - id="dx11-124013"></a><a - id="dx11-124014"></a> Shorthand for setting a dashed dash pattern. - <!--l. 363--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-178-" ><colgroup id="TBL-178-1g"><col -id="TBL-178-1"><col -id="TBL-178-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-178-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-178-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-176.svg" width="68.19972 " height="2.33333 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-178-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[dashed]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,0pt)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (50pt,0pt);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">densely dashed</span><a - id="dx11-124015"></a><a - id="dx11-124016"></a> Shorthand for setting a densely dashed dash pattern. - <!--l. 370--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-179-" ><colgroup id="TBL-179-1g"><col -id="TBL-179-1"><col -id="TBL-179-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-179-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-179-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-177.svg" width="68.19972 " height="2.33333 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-179-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[densely</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> dashed]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,0pt)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (50pt,0pt);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">loosely dashed</span><a - id="dx11-124017"></a><a - id="dx11-124018"></a> Shorthand for setting a loosely dashed dash pattern. - <!--l. 377--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-180-" ><colgroup id="TBL-180-1g"><col -id="TBL-180-1"><col -id="TBL-180-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-180-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-180-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-178.svg" width="68.19972 " height="2.33333 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-180-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[loosely</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> dashed]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,0pt)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (50pt,0pt);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li></ul> - - -<!--l. 383--><p class="noindent"> - <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.2.3 </span> <a - id="x11-12500010.2.3"></a>Graphic Parameters: Draw Opacity</h5> -<!--l. 385--><p class="noindent">When a line is drawn, it will normally “obscure” everything behind it as if you has used perfectly opaque ink. It is -also possible to ask Ti<span -class="cmti-10">k</span>Z to use an ink that is a little bit (or a big bit) transparent. To do so, use the following -option: - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">draw opacity</span><a - id="dx11-125001"></a><a - id="dx11-125002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">value</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option sets “how transparent” lines should be. A value of <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">1</span></span></span> means “fully - opaque” or “not transparent at all,” a value of <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">0</span></span></span> means “fully transparent” or “invisible.” A value of - <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">0.5</span></span></span> yields lines that are semitransparent. - <!--l. 397--><p class="noindent">Note that when you use PostScript as your output format, this option works only with recent versions - of GhostScript. - <!--l. 400--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-181-" ><colgroup id="TBL-181-1g"><col -id="TBL-181-1"><col -id="TBL-181-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-181-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-181-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-179.svg" width="120.55124 " height="44.67754 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-181-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[line</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> width=1ex]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \filldraw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [fill=examplefill,draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> opacity=0.5]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 408--><p class="indent"> Note that the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">draw</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> opacity</span></span></span> options only sets the opacity of drawn lines. The opacity of fillings is set using -the option <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">fill</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> opacity</span></span></span> (documented in Section <a -href="#x11-13000010.3.2">10.3.2<!--tex4ht:ref: section-fill-opacity --></a>. The option <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">opacity</span></span></span> sets both at the same -time. - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">opacity</span><a - id="dx11-125003"></a><a - id="dx11-125004"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">value</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>Sets both the drawing and filling opacity to <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">value</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span>. - <!--l. 417--><p class="noindent">The following predefined styles make it easier to use this option: - <ul class="itemize2"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">transparent</span><a - id="dx11-125005"></a><a - id="dx11-125006"></a> Makes everything totally transparent and, hence, invisible. - <!--l. 422--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-182-" ><colgroup id="TBL-182-1g"><col -id="TBL-182-1"><col -id="TBL-182-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-182-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-182-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-180.svg" width="57.90526 " height="19.9684 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-182-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz{\fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[transparent,red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1.5,0.25);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> }</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">ultra nearly transparent</span><a - id="dx11-125007"></a><a - id="dx11-125008"></a> Makes everything, well, ultra nearly transparent. - <!--l. 429--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-183-" ><colgroup id="TBL-183-1g"><col -id="TBL-183-1"><col -id="TBL-183-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-183-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-183-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-181.svg" width="57.90526 " height="19.9684 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-183-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz{\fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[ultra</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> nearly</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> transparent]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1.5,0.25);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> }</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">very nearly transparent</span><a - id="dx11-125009"></a><a - id="dx11-125010"></a> - <!--l. 434--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-184-" ><colgroup id="TBL-184-1g"><col -id="TBL-184-1"><col -id="TBL-184-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-184-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-184-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-182.svg" width="57.90526 " height="19.9684 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-184-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz{\fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[very</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> nearly</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> transparent]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1.5,0.25);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> }</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">nearly transparent</span><a - id="dx11-125011"></a><a - id="dx11-125012"></a> - <!--l. 439--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-185-" ><colgroup id="TBL-185-1g"><col -id="TBL-185-1"><col -id="TBL-185-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-185-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-185-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-183.svg" width="57.90526 " height="19.9684 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-185-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz{\fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[nearly</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> transparent]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1.5,0.25);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> }</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - - - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">semitransparent</span><a - id="dx11-125013"></a><a - id="dx11-125014"></a> - <!--l. 444--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-186-" ><colgroup id="TBL-186-1g"><col -id="TBL-186-1"><col -id="TBL-186-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-186-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-186-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-184.svg" width="57.90526 " height="19.9684 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-186-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz{\fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[semitransparent]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1.5,0.25);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> }</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">nearly opaque</span><a - id="dx11-125015"></a><a - id="dx11-125016"></a> - <!--l. 449--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-187-" ><colgroup id="TBL-187-1g"><col -id="TBL-187-1"><col -id="TBL-187-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-187-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-187-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-185.svg" width="57.90526 " height="19.9684 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-187-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz{\fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[nearly</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> opaque]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1.5,0.25);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> }</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">very nearly opaque</span><a - id="dx11-125017"></a><a - id="dx11-125018"></a> - <!--l. 454--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-188-" ><colgroup id="TBL-188-1g"><col -id="TBL-188-1"><col -id="TBL-188-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-188-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-188-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-186.svg" width="57.90526 " height="19.9684 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-188-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz{\fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[very</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> nearly</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> opaque]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1.5,0.25);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> }</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">ultra nearly opaque</span><a - id="dx11-125019"></a><a - id="dx11-125020"></a> - <!--l. 459--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-189-" ><colgroup id="TBL-189-1g"><col -id="TBL-189-1"><col -id="TBL-189-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-189-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-189-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-187.svg" width="57.90526 " height="19.9684 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-189-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz{\fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[ultra</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> nearly</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> opaque]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1.5,0.25);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> }</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span -class="cmtt-10">opaque</span><a - id="dx11-125021"></a><a - id="dx11-125022"></a> This yields completely opaque drawings, which is the default. - <!--l. 465--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-190-" ><colgroup id="TBL-190-1g"><col -id="TBL-190-1"><col -id="TBL-190-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-190-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-190-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-188.svg" width="57.90526 " height="19.9684 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-190-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz{\fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[opaque]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1.5,0.25);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> }</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li></ul> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 475--><p class="noindent"> - <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.2.4 </span> <a - id="x11-12600010.2.4"></a>Graphic Parameters: Arrow Tips</h5> -<!--l. 477--><p class="noindent">When you draw a line, you can add arrow tips at the ends. It is only possible to add one arrow tip at the start and -one at the end. If the path consists of several segments, only the last segment gets arrow tips. The behavior for -paths that are closed is not specified and may change in the future. - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">arrows</span><a - id="dx11-126001"></a><a - id="dx11-126002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">start arrow kind</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">-</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">end arrow kind</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span> This option sets the start and end arrow tips (an empty - value as in <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">-></span></span></span> indicates that no arrow tip should be drawn at the start).<a - id="dx11-126003"></a><a - id="dx11-126004"></a> - <!--l. 490--><p class="noindent"><span -class="cmti-10">Note: Since the arrow option is so often used, you can leave out the text </span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmitt-10">arrows=</span></span></span><span -class="cmti-10">. </span>What happens is - that every option that contains a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">-</span></span></span> is interpreted as an arrow specification. - <!--l. 493--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-191-" ><colgroup id="TBL-191-1g"><col -id="TBL-191-1"><col -id="TBL-191-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-191-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-191-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-189.svg" width="39.47017 " height="12.91447 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-191-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[->]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[o-stealth]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0.3)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0.3);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - <!--l. 500--><p class="noindent">The permissible values are all predefined arrow tips, though you can also define new arrow tip kinds as - explained in Section <a -href="pgfmanualse24.html#x25-25200024">24<!--tex4ht:ref: section-arrows --></a>. This is often necessary to obtain “double” arrow tips and arrow tips that have a fixed - size. Since <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">pgflibraryarrows</span></span></span> is loaded by default, all arrow tips described in Section <a -href="pgfmanualse14.html#x15-16000014.1">14.1<!--tex4ht:ref: section-library-arrows --></a> are - available. - - - <!--l. 507--><p class="noindent">One arrow tip kind is special: <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">></span></span></span> (and all arrow tip kinds containing the arrow tip kind such as <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10"><<</span></span></span> - or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">>|</span></span></span>). This arrow tip type is not fixed. Rather, you can redefine it using the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">>=</span></span></span> option, see - below. - <!--l. 512--><p class="noindent"><span -class="cmti-10">Example: </span>You can also combine arrow tip types as in - <!--l. 513--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-192-" ><colgroup id="TBL-192-1g"><col -id="TBL-192-1"><col -id="TBL-192-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-192-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-192-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-190.svg" width="138.10619 " height="46.52466 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-192-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[thick]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[to</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> reversed-to]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ..</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> controls</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> and</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(-.5,-.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ..</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(1.5,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[[-latex</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> reversed]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ..</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> controls</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> and</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(-.5,-.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ..</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(1.5,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[latex-)]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ..</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> controls</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> and</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(-.5,-.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> ..</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(1.5,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \useasboundingbox</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (-.1,-.1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3.1,1.1);</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> make</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> bounding</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> box</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> bigger</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">></span><a - id="dx11-126005"></a><a - id="dx11-126006"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">end arrow kind</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option can be used to redefine the “standard” arrow tip <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">></span></span></span>. The idea is that different - people have different ideas what arrow tip kind should normally be used. I prefer the arrow tip of <span class="TEX">T<span -class="E">E</span>X</span>’s <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\to</span></span></span> - command (which is used in things like <span -class="cmmi-10">f</span> : <span -class="cmmi-10">A </span><span -class="cmsy-10"><img -src="cmsy10-21.png" alt="-->" class="10x-x-21" /> </span><span -class="cmmi-10">B</span>). Other people will prefer <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span -class="E">E</span>X</span></span>’s standard arrow tip, - which looks like this: <object data="pgfmanual-191.svg" width="14.8666 " height="7.27402 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>. Since the arrow tip kind <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">></span></span></span> is certainly the most “natural” one to use, it is kept free - of any predefined meaning. Instead, you can change it by saying <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">>=to</span></span></span> to set the “standard” arrow tip kind to - <span class="TEX">T<span -class="E">E</span>X</span>’s arrow tip, whereas <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">>=latex</span></span></span> will set it to <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span -class="E">E</span>X</span></span>’s arrow tip and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">>=stealth</span></span></span> will use a <span -class="cmcsc-10"><small -class="small-caps">P</small><small -class="small-caps">S</small><small -class="small-caps">T</small><small -class="small-caps">R</small><small -class="small-caps">I</small><small -class="small-caps">C</small><small -class="small-caps">K</small><small -class="small-caps">S</small></span>-like - arrow tip. - <!--l. 535--><p class="noindent">Apart from redefining the arrow tip kind <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">></span></span></span> (and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10"><</span></span></span> for the start), this option also redefines the following arrow - tip kinds: <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">></span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10"><</span></span></span> as the swapped version of <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">end arrow kind</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span>, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10"><<</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">>></span></span></span> as doubled versions, - <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">>></span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10"><<</span></span></span> as swapped doubled versions, and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">|<</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">>|</span></span></span> as arrow tips ending with a vertical - bar. - <!--l. 541--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-193-" ><colgroup id="TBL-193-1g"><col -id="TBL-193-1"><col -id="TBL-193-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-193-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-193-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-192.svg" width="77.40701 " height="70.42172 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-193-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \begin{scope}[>=latex]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[->]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,6ex)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,6ex);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[>->>]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,5ex)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,5ex);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[|<->|]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,4ex)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,4ex);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \end{scope}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \begin{scope}[>=diamond]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[->]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,2ex)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,2ex);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[>->>]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,1ex)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,1ex);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[|<->|]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0pt,0ex)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm,0ex);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \end{scope}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">shorten ></span><a - id="dx11-126007"></a><a - id="dx11-126008"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option will shorten the end of lines by the given <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span>. If you specify an - arrow tip, lines are already shortened a bit such that the arrow tip touches the specified endpoint and does not - “protrude over” this point. Here is an example: - <!--l. 562--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"> -<table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-194-" ><colgroup id="TBL-194-1g"><col -id="TBL-194-1"><col -id="TBL-194-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-194-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-194-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-193.svg" width="133.77895 " height="114.81052 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-194-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[line</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> width=20pt]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \useasboundingbox</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,-1.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3.5,1.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3,0);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[gray,->]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3,0);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - - - <!--l. 570--><p class="noindent">The <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shorten</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> ></span></span></span> option allows you to shorten the end on the line <span -class="cmti-10">additionally </span>by the given distance. This - option can also be useful if you have not specified an arrow tip at all. - <!--l. 574--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"> -<table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-195-" ><colgroup id="TBL-195-1g"><col -id="TBL-195-1"><col -id="TBL-195-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-195-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-195-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-194.svg" width="133.77895 " height="114.81052 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-195-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[line</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> width=20pt]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \useasboundingbox</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,-1.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3.5,1.5);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3,0);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[-to,shorten</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> >=10pt,gray]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3,0);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">shorten <</span><a - id="dx11-126009"></a><a - id="dx11-126010"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>works like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shorten</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> ></span></span></span>, but for the start.</li></ul> -<!--l. 588--><p class="noindent"> - <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.2.5 </span> <a - id="x11-12700010.2.5"></a>Graphic Parameters: Double Lines and Bordered Lines</h5> - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">double</span><a - id="dx11-127001"></a><a - id="dx11-127002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">core color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span> This option causes “two” lines to be drawn instead of a single one. However, this - is not what really happens. In reality, the path is drawn twice. First, with the normal drawing color, - secondly with the <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">core color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span>, which is normally <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">white</span></span></span>. Upon the second drawing, the line width is - reduced. The net effect is that it appears as if two lines had been drawn and this works well even with - complicated, curved paths: - <!--l. 600--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-196-" ><colgroup id="TBL-196-1g"><col -id="TBL-196-1"><col -id="TBL-196-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-196-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-196-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-195.svg" width="51.3308 " height="40.8035 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-196-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[double]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> plot[smooth</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> cycle]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> coordinates{(0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,1)};</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - <!--l. 605--><p class="noindent">You can also use the doubling option to create an effect in which a line seems to have a certain - “border”: - <!--l. 608--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-197-" ><colgroup id="TBL-197-1g"><col -id="TBL-197-1"><col -id="TBL-197-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-197-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-197-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-196.svg" width="42.93683 " height="42.93683 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-197-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[draw=white,double=red,very</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> thick]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">double distance</span><a - id="dx11-127003"></a><a - id="dx11-127004"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>Sets the distance the “two” lines are spaced apart (default is 0.6pt). In reality, - this is the thickness of the line that is used to draw the path for the second time. The thickness of the <span -class="cmti-10">first</span> - time the path is drawn is twice the normal line width plus the given <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span>. As a side-effect, this option - “selects” the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">double</span></span></span> option. - <!--l. 623--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-198-" ><colgroup id="TBL-198-1g"><col -id="TBL-198-1"><col -id="TBL-198-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-198-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-198-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-197.svg" width="118.67717 " height="44.80348 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-198-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[very</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> thick,double]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> arc</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (180:90:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[very</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> thick,double</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> distance=2pt]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> arc</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (180:90:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[thin,double</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> distance=2pt]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> arc</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (180:90:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li></ul> - - -<!--l. 638--><p class="noindent"> - <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.3 </span> <a - id="x11-12800010.3"></a>Filling a Path</h4> -<!--l. 640--><p class="noindent">To fill a path, use the following option: - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">fill</span><a - id="dx11-128001"></a><a - id="dx11-128002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span> This option causes the path to be filled. All unclosed parts of the path are first closed, - if necessary. Then, the area enclosed by the path is filled with the current filling color, which is either - the last color set using the general <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">color=</span></span></span> option or the optional color <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span>. For self-intersection - paths and for paths consisting of several closed areas, the “enclosed area” is somewhat complicated to - define and two different definitions exist, namely the nonzero winding number rule and the even odd - rule, see the explanation of these options, below. - <!--l. 653--><p class="noindent">Just as for the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">draw</span></span></span> option, setting <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>to <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">none</span></span></span> disables filling locally. - <!--l. 656--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-198.svg" width="399.33687 " height="57.90526 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-199-" ><colgroup id="TBL-199-1g"><col -id="TBL-199-1"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-199-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-199-1-1" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (4,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (4.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[even</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> odd</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rule]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (6,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (6.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (8,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (9,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (10,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - <!--l. 665--><p class="noindent">If the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">fill</span></span></span> option is used together with the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">draw</span></span></span> option (either because both are given as options or because a - <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\filldraw</span></span></span> command is used), the path is filled <span -class="cmti-10">first</span>, then the path is drawn <span -class="cmti-10">second</span>. This is especially useful if - different colors are selected for drawing and for filling. Even if the same color is used, there is a difference - between this command and a plain <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">fill</span></span></span>: A “filldrawn” area will be slightly larger than a filled area because of - the thickness of the “pen.” - <!--l. 674--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-199.svg" width="406.00351 " height="64.5719 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-200-" ><colgroup id="TBL-200-1g"><col -id="TBL-200-1"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-200-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-200-1-1" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[fill=examplefill,line</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> width=5pt]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \filldraw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \filldraw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (4,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (4.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \filldraw[even</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> odd</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rule]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (6,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (6.5,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \filldraw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (8,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (9,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (10,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 685--><p class="noindent"> - <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.3.1 </span> <a - id="x11-12900010.3.1"></a>Graphic Parameters: Interior Rules</h5> -<!--l. 687--><p class="noindent">The following two options can be used to decide how interior points should be determined: - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">nonzero rule</span><a - id="dx11-129001"></a><a - id="dx11-129002"></a> If this rule is used (which is the default), the following method is used to determine - whether a given point is “inside” the path: From the point, shoot a ray in some direction towards - infinity (the direction is chosen such that no strange borderline cases occur). Then the ray may hit - the path. Whenever it hits the path, we increase or decrease a counter, which is initially zero. If the - ray hits the path as the path goes “from left to right” (relative to the ray), the counter is increased, - otherwise it is decreased. Then, at the end, we check whether the counter is nonzero (hence the name). - If so, the point is deemed to lie “inside,” otherwise it is “outside.” Sounds complicated? It is. - - - <!--l. 703--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-201-" ><colgroup id="TBL-201-1g"><col -id="TBL-201-1"><col -id="TBL-201-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-201-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-201-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-200.svg" width="139.77603 " height="192.63437 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-201-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \filldraw[fill=examplefill]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> Clockwise</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> rectangle</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> cycle</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> Counter-clockwise</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> rectangle</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.25,0.25)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.75,0.25)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.75,0.75)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.25,0.75)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> cycle;</span> -<br> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[->]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.4,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[->]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.75,0.75)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.3,.75);</span> -<br> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[->]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(0,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> node[above]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> {crossings:</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> $-1+1</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> =</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> 0$};</span> -<br> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \begin{scope}[yshift=-3cm]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \filldraw[fill=examplefill]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> Clockwise</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> rectangle</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> cycle</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> Clockwise</span><span -class="cmsltt-10x-x-80"> rectangle</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.25,0.25)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.25,0.75)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.75,0.75)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.75,0.25)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> cycle;</span> -<br> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[->]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.4,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[->]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.25,0.75)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.4,.75);</span> -<br> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[->]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(0,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> node[above]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> {crossings:</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> $1+1</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> =</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> 2$};</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \end{scope}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">even odd rule</span><a - id="dx11-129003"></a><a - id="dx11-129004"></a> This option causes a different method to be used for determining the inside and outside of - paths. While it is less flexible, it turns out to be more intuitive. - <!--l. 736--><p class="noindent">With this method, we also shoot rays from the point for which we wish to determine whether it is inside or - outside the filling area. However, this time we only count how often we “hit” the path and declare the point to - be “inside” if the number of hits is odd. - <!--l. 741--><p class="noindent">Using the even-odd rule, it is easy to “drill holes” into a path. - <!--l. 743--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-202-" ><colgroup id="TBL-202-1g"><col -id="TBL-202-1"><col -id="TBL-202-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-202-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-202-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-201.svg" width="123.47992 " height="78.82379 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td> <td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-202-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \filldraw[fill=examplefill,even</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> odd</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rule]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.4cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[->]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0.5)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> +(0,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [above]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> node{crossings:</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> $1+1</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> =</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> 2$};</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 754--><p class="noindent"> - <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.3.2 </span> <a - id="x11-13000010.3.2"></a>Graphic Parameters: Fill Opacity</h5> -<!--l. 757--><p class="noindent">Analogously to the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">draw</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> opacity</span></span></span>, you can also set the filling opacity: - - - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">fill opacity</span><a - id="dx11-130001"></a><a - id="dx11-130002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">value</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option sets the opacity of fillings. In addition to filling operations, this - opacity also applies to text and images. - <!--l. 765--><p class="noindent">Note, again, that when you use PostScript as your output format, this option works only with recent - versions of GhostScript. - <!--l. 768--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"> -<table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-203-" ><colgroup id="TBL-203-1g"><col -id="TBL-203-1"><col -id="TBL-203-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-203-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-203-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-202.svg" width="150.02034 " height="158.82378 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-203-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[thick,fill</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> opacity=0.5]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \filldraw[fill=red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0:1cm)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (12mm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \filldraw[fill=green]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (120:1cm)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (12mm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \filldraw[fill=blue]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (-120:1cm)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (12mm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - <!--l. 776--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-204-" ><colgroup id="TBL-204-1g"><col -id="TBL-204-1"><col -id="TBL-204-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-204-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-204-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-203.svg" width="142.33182 " height="104.65405 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> - </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-204-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3,2);</span> -<br> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \node</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> at</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> {\huge</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> A};</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \node[fill</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> opacity=0.5]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> at</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3,2)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> {\huge</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> B};</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 787--><p class="noindent"> - <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.4 </span> <a - id="x11-13100010.4"></a>Shading a Path</h4> -<!--l. 789--><p class="noindent">You can shade a path using the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shade</span></span></span> option. A shading is like a filling, only the shading changes its color smoothly -from one color to another. - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">shade</span><a - id="dx11-131001"></a><a - id="dx11-131002"></a> Causes the path to be shaded using the currently selected shading (more on this later). If this - option is used together with the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">draw</span></span></span> option, then the path is first shaded, then drawn. - <!--l. 799--><p class="noindent">It is not an error to use this option together with the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">fill</span></span></span> option, but it makes no sense. - <!--l. 802--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-205-" ><colgroup id="TBL-205-1g"><col -id="TBL-205-1"><col -id="TBL-205-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-205-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-205-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-204.svg" width="12.4814 " height="12.4814 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td> <td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-205-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \shade</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - <!--l. 806--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-206-" ><colgroup id="TBL-206-1g"><col -id="TBL-206-1"><col -id="TBL-206-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-206-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-206-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-205.svg" width="13.01471 " height="13.01471 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td> <td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-206-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \shadedraw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 811--><p class="indent"> For some shadings it is not really clear how they can “fill” the path. For example, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">ball</span></span></span> shading normally -looks like this: <object data="pgfmanual-206.svg" width="9.61104 " height="9.61104 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>. How is this supposed to shade a rectangle? Or a triangle? - - -<!--l. 816--><p class="indent"> To solve this problem, the predefined shadings like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">ball</span></span></span> or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">axis</span></span></span> fill a large rectangle completely in a sensible -way. Then, when the shading is used to “shade” a path, what actually happens is that the path is temporarily used -for clipping and then the rectangular shading is drawn, scaled and shifted such that all parts of the path are -filled. -<!--l. 824--><p class="noindent"> - <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.4.1 </span> <a - id="x11-13200010.4.1"></a>Choosing a Shading Type</h5> -<!--l. 826--><p class="noindent">The default shading is a smooth transition from gray to white and from above to bottom. However, other shadings -are also possible, for example a shading that will sweep a color from the center to the corners outward. To choose -the shading, you can use the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shading=</span></span></span> option, which will also automatically invoke the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shade</span></span></span> option. Note that this -does <span -class="cmti-10">not </span>change the shading color, only the way the colors sweep. For changing the colors, other options are needed, -which are explained below. - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">shading</span><a - id="dx11-132001"></a><a - id="dx11-132002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">name</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This selects a shading named <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">name</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span>. The following shadings are predefined: - <ul class="itemize2"> - <li class="itemize"><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">axis</span></span></span> This is the default shading in which the color changes gradually between three horizontal - lines. The top line is at the top (uppermost) point of the path, the middle is in the middle, the - bottom line is at the bottom of the path. - <!--l. 846--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-207-" ><colgroup id="TBL-207-1g"><col -id="TBL-207-1"><col -id="TBL-207-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-207-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-207-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-207.svg" width="39.47017 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-207-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \shadedraw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [shading=axis]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - <!--l. 850--><p class="noindent">The default top color is gray, the default bottom color is white, the default middle is the “middle” of - these two. - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">radial</span></span></span> This shading fills the path with a gradual sweep from a certain color in the middle to another - color at the border. If the path is a circle, the outer color will be reached exactly at the border. If the - shading is not a circle, the outer color will continue a bit towards the corners. The default inner color is - gray, the default outer color is white. - <!--l. 860--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-208-" ><colgroup id="TBL-208-1g"><col -id="TBL-208-1"><col -id="TBL-208-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-208-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-208-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-208.svg" width="39.47017 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-208-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \shadedraw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [shading=radial]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">ball</span></span></span> This shading fills the path with a shading that “looks like a ball.” The default “color” of the ball is - blue (for no particular reason). - <!--l. 868--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-209-" ><colgroup id="TBL-209-1g"><col -id="TBL-209-1"><col -id="TBL-209-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-209-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-209-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-209.svg" width="39.47017 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-209-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \shadedraw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [shading=ball]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - <!--l. 872--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-210-" ><colgroup id="TBL-210-1g"><col -id="TBL-210-1"><col -id="TBL-210-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-210-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-210-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-210.svg" width="39.47014 " height="39.47014 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-210-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \shadedraw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [shading=ball]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li></ul> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">shading angle</span><a - id="dx11-132003"></a><a - id="dx11-132004"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">degrees</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option rotates the shading (not the path!) by the given angle. For - example, we can turn a top-to-bottom axis shading into a left-to-right shading by rotating it by - 90<sup ><span -class="cmsy-7"><span class="htf-cmbx">o</span></span></sup>. - <!--l. 881--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-211-" ><colgroup id="TBL-211-1g"><col -id="TBL-211-1"><col -id="TBL-211-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-211-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-211-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-211.svg" width="39.47017 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-211-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \shadedraw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> [shading=axis,shading</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> angle=90]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - - - </li></ul> -<!--l. 887--><p class="indent"> You can also define new shading types yourself. However, for this, you need to use the basic layer directly, which -is, well, more basic and harder to use. Details on how to create a shading appropriate for filling paths are given in -Section <a -href="pgfmanualse28.html#x29-28900028.3">28.3<!--tex4ht:ref: section-shading-a-path --></a>. -<!--l. 894--><p class="noindent"> - <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.4.2 </span> <a - id="x11-13300010.4.2"></a>Choosing a Shading Color</h5> -<!--l. 896--><p class="noindent">The following options can be used to change the colors used for shadings. When one of these options is given, the -<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shade</span></span></span> option is automatically selected and also the “right” shading. - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">top color</span><a - id="dx11-133001"></a><a - id="dx11-133002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option prescribes the color to be used at the top in an <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">axis</span></span></span> shading. When this - option is given, several things happen: - <ol type="1" class="enumerate1" > - <li class="enumerate" value="1" -><a - id="x11-133004x1"></a>The <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shade</span></span></span> option is selected. - </li> - <li class="enumerate" value="2" -><a - id="x11-133006x2"></a>The <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shading=axis</span></span></span> option is selected. - </li> - <li class="enumerate" value="3" -><a - id="x11-133008x3"></a>The middle color of the axis shading is set to the average of the given top color <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>and of - whatever color is currently selected for the bottom. - </li> - <li class="enumerate" value="4" -><a - id="x11-133010x4"></a>The rotation angle of the shading is set to 0.</li></ol> - <!--l. 917--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-212-" ><colgroup id="TBL-212-1g"><col -id="TBL-212-1"><col -id="TBL-212-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-212-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-212-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-212.svg" width="77.40701 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-212-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[top</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> color=red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">bottom color</span><a - id="dx11-133011"></a><a - id="dx11-133012"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option works like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">top</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> color</span></span></span>, only for the bottom color. - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">middle color</span><a - id="dx11-133013"></a><a - id="dx11-133014"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option specifies the color for the middle of an axis shading. It also sets the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shade</span></span></span> - and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shading=axis</span></span></span> options, but it does not change the rotation angle. - <!--l. 929--><p class="noindent"><span -class="cmti-10">Note: </span>Since both <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">top</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> color</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">bottom</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> color</span></span></span> change the middle color, this option should be given <span -class="cmti-10">last </span>if all - of these options need to be given: - <!--l. 933--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-213-" ><colgroup id="TBL-213-1g"><col -id="TBL-213-1"><col -id="TBL-213-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-213-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-213-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-213.svg" width="77.40701 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-213-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[top</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> color=white,bottom</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> color=black,middle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> color=red]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">left color</span><a - id="dx11-133015"></a><a - id="dx11-133016"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option does exactly the same as <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">top</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> color</span></span></span>, except that the shading angle is set to - 90<sup ><span -class="cmsy-7"><span class="htf-cmbx">o</span></span></sup>. - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">right color</span><a - id="dx11-133017"></a><a - id="dx11-133018"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>Works like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">left</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> color</span></span></span>. - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">inner color</span><a - id="dx11-133019"></a><a - id="dx11-133020"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option sets the color used at the center of a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">radial</span></span></span> shading. When this option is - used, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shade</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shading=radial</span></span></span> options are set. - <!--l. 950--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-214-" ><colgroup id="TBL-214-1g"><col -id="TBL-214-1"><col -id="TBL-214-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-214-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-214-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-214.svg" width="77.40701 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-214-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[inner</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> color=red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - - - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">outer color</span><a - id="dx11-133021"></a><a - id="dx11-133022"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option sets the color used at the border and outside of a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">radial</span></span></span> - shading. - <!--l. 958--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-215-" ><colgroup id="TBL-215-1g"><col -id="TBL-215-1"><col -id="TBL-215-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-215-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-215-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-215.svg" width="77.40701 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-215-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[outer</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> color=red,inner</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> color=white]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">ball color</span><a - id="dx11-133023"></a><a - id="dx11-133024"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">> </span>This option sets the color used for the ball shading. It sets the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shade</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">shading=ball</span></span></span> - options. Note that the ball will never “completely” have the color <span -class="cmsy-10"><</span><span -class="cmti-10">color</span><span -class="cmsy-10">></span>. At its “highlight” spot a certain - amount of white is mixed in, at the border a certain amount of black. Because of this, it also makes sense to - say <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">ball</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> color=white</span></span></span> or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">ball</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> color=black</span></span></span> - <!--l. 971--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-216-" ><colgroup id="TBL-216-1g"><col -id="TBL-216-1"><col -id="TBL-216-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-216-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-216-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-216.svg" width="99.83649 " height="23.9628 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-216-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \shade[ball</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> color=white]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2ex);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \shade[ball</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> color=red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2ex);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \shade[ball</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> color=black]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2ex);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - </li></ul> -<!--l. 983--><p class="noindent"> - <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.5 </span> <a - id="x11-13400010.5"></a>Establishing a Bounding Box</h4> -<!--l. 985--><p class="noindent"><span -class="cmcsc-10"><small -class="small-caps">P</small><small -class="small-caps">G</small><small -class="small-caps">F</small></span> is reasonably good at keeping track of the size of your picture and reserving just the right amount of -space for it in the main document. However, in some cases you may want to say things like “do not -count this for the picture size” or “the picture is actually a little large.” For this you can use the -option <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">use</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> as</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> bounding</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> box</span></span></span> or the command <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\useasboundingbox</span></span></span>, which is just a shorthand for -<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path[use</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> as</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> bounding</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> box]</span></span></span>. - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">use as bounding box</span><a - id="dx11-134001"></a><a - id="dx11-134002"></a> Normally, when this option is given on a path, the bounding box of the present - path is used to determine the size of the picture and the size of all <span -class="cmti-10">subsequent </span>paths are ignored. - However, if there were previous path operations that have already established a larger bounding box, - it will not be made smaller by this operation. - <!--l. 1002--><p class="noindent">In a sense, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">use</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> as</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> bounding</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> box</span></span></span> has the same effect as clipping all subsequent drawing against the - current path--without actually doing the clipping, only making <span -class="cmcsc-10"><small -class="small-caps">P</small><small -class="small-caps">G</small><small -class="small-caps">F</small></span> treat everything as if it were - clipped. - <!--l. 1007--><p class="noindent">The first application of this option is to have a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> overlap with the main text: - <!--l. 1010--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div>Left of picture<object data="pgfmanual-217.svg" width="39.47017 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>right of picture.<!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-217-" ><colgroup id="TBL-217-1g"><col -id="TBL-217-1"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-217-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-217-1-1" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">Left</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> of</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> picture\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[use</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> as</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> bounding</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> box]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (4,.75);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}right</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> of</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> picture.</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - <!--l. 1017--><p class="noindent">In a second application this option can be used to get better control over the white space around the - picture: - <!--l. 1020--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div>Left of picture<object data="pgfmanual-218.svg" width="114.81053 " height="38.93684 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>right of picture.<!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-218-" ><colgroup id="TBL-218-1g"><col -id="TBL-218-1"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-218-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-218-1-1" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">Left</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> of</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> picture</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \useasboundingbox</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3,1);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.75,.25)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (.5cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">right</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> of</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> picture.</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table> - </div> - - - <!--l. 1029--><p class="noindent">Note: If this option is used on a path inside a <span class="TEX">T<span -class="E">E</span>X</span> group (scope), the effect “lasts” only till the end of the - scope. Again, this behavior is the same as for clipping.</li></ul> -<!--l. 1034--><p class="indent"> There is a node that allows you to get the size of the current bounding box. The <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">current</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> bounding</span><span -class="cmtt-10"> box</span></span></span> node -has the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">rectangle</span></span></span> shape <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">rectangle</span></span></span> shape and its size is always the size of the current bounding -box. -<!--l. 1040--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-219-" ><colgroup id="TBL-219-1g"><col -id="TBL-219-1"><col -id="TBL-219-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-219-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-219-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-219.svg" width="124.67714 " height="88.07361 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-219-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2pt);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (2,1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3pt);</span> -<br> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (current</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> bounding</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> box.south</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> west)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (current</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> bounding</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> box.north</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> east);</span> -<br> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (3,-1)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (4pt);</span> -<br> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[thick]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (current</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> bounding</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> box.south</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> west)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (current</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> bounding</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> box.north</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> east);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> -<!--l. 1059--><p class="noindent"> - <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">10.6 </span> <a - id="x11-13500010.6"></a>Using a Path For Clipping</h4> -<!--l. 1061--><p class="noindent">To use a path for clipping, use the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">clip</span></span></span> option. - <ul class="itemize1"> - <li class="itemize"><span -class="cmtt-10">clip</span><a - id="dx11-135001"></a><a - id="dx11-135002"></a> This option causes all subsequent drawings to be clipped against the current path and the size of - subsequent paths will not be important for the picture size. If you clip against a self-intersecting path, - the even-odd rule or the nonzero winding number rule is used to determine whether a point is inside - or outside the clipping region. - <!--l. 1071--><p class="noindent">The clipping path is a graphic state parameter, so it will be reset at the end of the current scope. - Multiple clippings accumulate, that is, clipping is always done against the intersection of all clipping - areas that have been specified inside the current scopes. The only way of enlarging the clipping area - is to end a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{scope}</span></span></span>. - <!--l. 1077--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-220-" ><colgroup id="TBL-220-1g"><col -id="TBL-220-1"><col -id="TBL-220-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-220-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-220-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-220.svg" width="77.40701 " height="77.40701 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-220-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw[clip]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - <!--l. 1084--><p class="noindent">It is usually a <span -class="cmti-10">very </span>good idea to apply the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">clip</span></span></span> option only to the first path command in a - scope. - <!--l. 1087--><p class="noindent">If you “only wish to clip” and do not wish to draw anything, you can use the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\clip</span></span></span> command, which is a - shorthand for <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\path[clip]</span></span></span>. - - - <!--l. 1090--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-221-" ><colgroup id="TBL-221-1g"><col -id="TBL-221-1"><col -id="TBL-221-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-221-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-221-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-221.svg" width="76.87369 " height="76.87369 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-221-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \clip</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[red]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> circle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - <!--l. 1097--><p class="noindent">To keep clipping local, use <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">{scope}</span></span></span> environments as in the following example: - <!--l. 1100--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" -cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" -frame="void" id="TBL-222-" ><colgroup id="TBL-222-1g"><col -id="TBL-222-1"><col -id="TBL-222-2"></colgroup><tr - valign="baseline" id="TBL-222-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-222-1-1" -class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-222.svg" width="39.47017 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-222-1-2" -class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> 0:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (10:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (20:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (30:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \begin{scope}[fill=red]</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \fill[clip]</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.2,0.2)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> rectangle</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0.5,0.5);</span> -<br> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (40:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (50:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (60:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \end{scope}</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (70:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (80:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8"> </span><span -class="cmtt-8"> \draw</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (0,0)</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> --</span><span -class="cmtt-8"> (90:1cm);</span> -<br><span -class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td> -</tr></table></div> - <!--l. 1119--><p class="noindent">There is a slightly annoying catch: You cannot specify certain graphic options for the command used for - clipping. For example, in the above code we could not have moved the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">fill=red</span></span></span> to the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span -class="cmtt-10">\fill</span></span></span> command. The - reasons for this have to do with the internals of the <span -class="cmcsc-10"><small -class="small-caps">P</small><small -class="small-caps">D</small><small -class="small-caps">F</small></span> specification. You do not want to know the details. It - is best simply not to specify any options for these commands.</li></ul> - - - - - - - <div class="crosslinks"><p class="noindent">[<a -href="pgfmanualse11.html" >next</a>] [<a -href="pgfmanualse9.html" >prev</a>] [<a -href="pgfmanualse9.html#tailpgfmanualse9.html" >prev-tail</a>] [<a -href="pgfmanualse10.html" >front</a>] [<a -href="pgfmanual.html#pgfmanualse10.html" >up</a>] </p></div> -<!--l. 8--><p class="indent"> <a - id="tailpgfmanualse10.html"></a> -</body></html> |