diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/expex/source/10_Glosses-Advanced.tex')
-rw-r--r-- | Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/expex/source/10_Glosses-Advanced.tex | 378 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 378 deletions
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/expex/source/10_Glosses-Advanced.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/expex/source/10_Glosses-Advanced.tex deleted file mode 100644 index 37959810bcd..00000000000 --- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/expex/source/10_Glosses-Advanced.tex +++ /dev/null @@ -1,378 +0,0 @@ - -\section More on Glosses - -\vskip-2ex -\subsection User defined levels - -\begininventory -\macros* \idx{|\defineglwlevels|}\endmc -\endinventory -% -|\glb| and |\glc| are given definitions in {\it expex.tex\/} -by the command |\defineglwlevels{b,c}|. The command also creates the -parameters |everyglb|, |everyglc|, |aboveglbskip|, and |aboveglcskip|. -|everyglb| and |everyglc| are initialized to empty token lists and -|aboveglbskip| and |aboveglcskip| to \textdim{0 pt}. The user may want -to use |\defineglwlevels| to create and name new gloss -levels. - -For example, suppose more suggestive level names are -desired. - -\codedisplay -\defineglwlevels{cat,gloss} -\lingset{everyglcat=\footnotesize,aboveglcatskip=-.5ex}|exbreak - -\ex -\begingl -\gla k- wapm -a -s'i -m -wapunin -uk // -\glcat Cl V Agr Neg Agr Tns Agr //|par|allowbreak -\glgloss 2 see 3{\sc acc} {} {2\sc pl} preterit {3\sc pl} // -\glft `you (pl) didn't see them'// -\endgl -\xe -|endcodedisplay -produces - -\framedisplay -\defineglwlevels{cat,gloss} -\lingset{everyglcat=\footnotesize,aboveglcatskip=-.5ex} - -\ex -\begingl -\gla k- wapm -a -s'i -m -wapunin -uk // -\glcat Cl V Agr Neg Agr Tns Agr // -\glgloss 2 see {3\sc acc} {} {2\sc pl} preterit {3\sc pl} // -\glft `you (pl) didn't see them'// -\endgl -\xe -\endframedisplay - -Another instance in which the user might want to define a new gloss level -or levels is if more than 3 lines of interlinear gloss are needed and -the desired flexibility cannot be obtained by repeated use of |\glb| -or |\glc|. - - -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -\subsection Positioning the free translation to the right of the -interlinear gloss - -\begininventory -\parameters -\idx{|glftpos|}& choice (|below| or |right|)& |below|\cr -\idx{|sssep|}& dimension& 3\dimskip em\cr -\idx{|ssratio|}& decimal& |.6 |\cr -\idx{|ssrightskip|}& skip& 0\dimskip pt plus 2\dimskip em\cr -\idx{|glhangstyle|}& |normal|, |none|, or |cascade|& |normal|\cr -\endinventory - -\lingset{everygl=\openup.5ex, - everyglword=\normalbaselines,everyglft=\normalbaselines, - glhangindent=2em} - -\framedisplay -\ex[glftpos=right,glhangstyle=none] -\let\\=\textsc -\begingl -\gla -Hom\^{a}o sa \v{c}\^{o} p\^{o} tha \~{n}u nao ng\u{a} hmua. \~{N}u -dj\u{a} g\u{a}, \~{n}u dj\u{a} \v{c}\u{o}ng \~{n}u, laih gui r\^{e}o -\~{n}u. Todang bboi r\^{o}k jolan \~{n}u nao hma, \~{n}u bb\^{o}h sa -droi mr\u{a} d\u{o} bboi gah, a, hruh \~{n}u.// -\glb -\\{exist} one \\{clf} person old \\{3s} go do field \\{3s} hold -machete \\{3s} hold hoe \\{3s} and carry.on.back back.basket \\{3s} -while at along trail \\{3s} go field \\{3s} see one \\{clf} peacock -stay at \\{drct} -- nest \\{3s}// -\glft -`There was an old person who went to work in the field. He took -along his machete, he took along his hoe, and he carried his -basket on his back. While he was on his way to the farm, he saw a -peacock beside its nest.'// -\endgl -\xe -\endframedisplay - -\noindent is achieved by -\codedisplay~ -\ex[glftpos=right,glhangstyle=none] -\let\\=\textsc -\begingl -\gla -Hom\^{a}o sa \v{c}\^{o} p\^{o} tha \~{n}u nao ng\u{a} hmua. \~{N}u -dj\u{a} g\u{a}, \~{n}u dj\u{a} \v{c}\u{o}ng \~{n}u, laih gui r\^{e}o -\~{n}u. Todang bboi r\^{o}k jolan \~{n}u nao hma, \~{n}u bb\^{o}h sa -droi mr\u{a} d\u{o} bboi gah, a, hruh \~{n}u.// -\glb -\\{exist} one \\{clf} person old \\{3s} go do field \\{3s} hold -machete \\{3s} hold hoe \\{3s} and carry.on.back back.basket \\{3s} -while at along trail \\{3s} go field \\{3s} see one \\{clf} peacock -stay at \\{drct} -- nest \\{3s}// -\glft -`There was an old person who went to work in the field. He took -along his machete, he took along his hoe, and he carried his -basket on his back. While he was on his way to the farm, he saw a -peacock beside its nest.'// -\endgl -\xe -|endcodedisplay -(This example, as well as (\getref{panelex}), was contributed by -Joshua Jensen. It is from Jarai, an Austronesian language. The -story teller was Hyech Ksor. The orthography here is somewhat -simplified in order to keep the font requirements for the -examples in this documentation elementary.) - -|ss| stands for ``side-by-side''. |sssep| gives the separation of the -gloss and the free translation. |ssratio| gives the proportion of the -available width that the gloss occupies. The point of hanging -indentation is to visually separate the free translation and the -gloss, so |glhangstyle=none| is completely satisfactory if the -tree translation is on the right. But \ExPex\ will happily use -hanging indentation with the free translation on the right. - -Line breaking in the free translation is delicate because it will -generally set in a narrow column. The default setting of |ssrightskip| -allows up to \textdim{2 em} departure from right alignment. This usually avoids -overfull lines and awkward hyphenation. |ssrightskip| can be -increased (all the way to \textdim{0 pt} plus \textdim{1 fil}) if there is a -problem, at the cost of a more ragged appearance. This can be done -globally, or simply in troublesome examples. - -\subsection Glosses with a side panel - -\begininventory -\macros -\idx{|\beginglpanel[]|}, \idx{|\endpanel|}\endmc -\parameters* -\idx{|everypanel|\user}& token list& |{}|\cr -\endinventory -The mechanism for positioning the free translation to the right of the -interlinear gloss can be adapted to create a side panel for -glosses which can be used for other purposes, as illustrated -below. - -\framedisplay -\ex[everypanel=\footnotesize]<panelex> -\let\\=\textsc -\beginglpanel[ssratio=.5,glhangstyle=none] -\gla Hom\^{a}o$^1$ sa \v{c}\^{o} p\^{o} tha \~{n}u nao ng\u{a} -hmua. \~{N}u dj\u{a} g\u{a}, \~{n}u dj\u{a} \v{c}\u{o}ng \~{n}u, -laih gui r\^{e}o \~{n}u. Todang bboi r\^{o}k jolan \~{n}u nao -hma, \~{n}u bb\^{o}h sa droi mr\u{a} d\u{o}$\,^4$ bboi gah, a, hruh -\~{n}u.// -\glb \\{exist} one \\{clf} person old \\{3s} go$^2$ do field -\\{3s} hold machete \\{3s} hold hoe \\{3s} and$^3$ carry.on.back -back.basket \\{3s} while at along trail \\{3s} go field \\{3s} -see one \\{clf} peacock stay at \\{drct} -- nest \\{3s} -// -\endgl -1.\enspace {\it hom\^{a}o} also means `have', reflecting the -strong tendency across languages to use the same word for -possession and the existential. {\it hom\^{a}o} is clause-initial -in existential clauses, but it comes after the subject in -possession clauses. - -2.\enspace All verbs are glossed with a bare form, as Jarai has -no inflectional morphology. Although Jarai has lexical items that -encode tense, they are relatively infrequent in text. - -3.\enspace The word {\it laih} is literally `after; finish', but -that is clearly not the meaning here. Probably {\it laih} here is -an abbreviation for {\it laih an\u{u}n}, `after that; and', hence -the gloss `and'. - -4.\enspace {\it d\u{o}} `sit, stay' is used like a copula in -locative clauses, which is what I assume here (`a~peacock -[which was] beside its nest'); however, this could just as well -mean `a peacock sitting beside its nest', retaining the posture -semantics. -\endpanel -\bigskip -`There was an old person who went to work in the field. He took -along his machete, he took along his hoe, and he carried his -basket on his back. While he was on his way to the farm, he saw a -peacock beside its nest.' -\xe -\endframedisplay - -The syntax is: -\codedisplay -\beginglpanel |dots \endgl |dots \endpanel -|endcodedisplay -The first part is the gloss, with the usual syntax. The second -part is put in a vbox and set alongside the gloss. The tokens -|lingeverypanel| are inserted when the vbox begins. All of the -parameters which are special to positioning the free translation -to the right of the gloss apply here as well, with the obvious -meanings. - -The complete code for the example above is: - -\codedisplay -\ex[everypanel=\footnotesize]<panelex> -\def\\#1{{\footnotesize\uppercase{#1}}}% -\let\\=\textsc -\beginglpanel[ssratio=.5,glhangstyle=none] -\gla Hom\^{a}o$^1$ sa \v{c}\^{o} p\^{o} tha \~{n}u nao ng\u{a} -hmua. \~{N}u dj\u{a} g\u{a}, \~{n}u dj\u{a} \v{c}\u{o}ng \~{n}u, -laih gui r\^{e}o \~{n}u. Todang bboi r\^{o}k jolan \~{n}u nao -hma, \~{n}u bb\^{o}h sa droi mr\u{a} d\u{o}$\,^4$ bboi gah, a, hruh -\~{n}u.// -\glb \\{exist} one \\{clf} person old \\{3s} go$^2$ do field -\\{3s} hold machete \\{3s} hold hoe \\{3s} and$^3$ carry.on.back -back.basket \\{3s} while at along trail \\{3s} go field \\{3s} -see one \\{clf} peacock stay at \\{drct} -- nest \\{3s}// -\endgl -1.\enspace {\it hom\^{a}o} also means `have', reflecting the -strong tendency across languages to use the same word for -possession and the existential. {\it hom\^{a}o} is clause-initial -in existential clauses, but it comes after the subject in -possession clauses. - -2.\enspace All verbs are glossed with a bare form, as Jarai has -no inflectional morphology. Although Jarai has lexical items that -encode tense, they are relatively infrequent in text. - -3.\enspace The word {\it laih} is literally `after; finish', but -that is clearly not the meaning here. Probably {\it laih} here is -an abbreviation for {\it laih an\u{u}n}, `after that; and', hence -the gloss `and'. - -4.\enspace {\it d\u{o}} `sit, stay' is used like a copula in -locative clauses, which is what I assume here (`a~peacock [which -was] beside its nest'); however, this could just as well mean `a -peacock sitting beside its nest', retaining the posture -semantics. -\endpanel -\bigskip -`There was an old person who went to work in the field. He took -along his machete, he took along his hoe, and he carried his -basket on his back. While he was on his way to the farm, he saw a -peacock beside its nest.' -\xe -|endcodedisplay -Note that the free translation here comes after |\endpanel| and is -typeset the way any material inside an |\ex| construction is -typeset. This allows it to have full width, spanning both the -gloss and notes. It could have been part of the gloss, with a -different result. - -No support is given to side note numbering. It must be done ``by -hand''. If the construction turns out to be sufficiently useful -and hand numbering is sufficiently tedious, a more automatic -scheme might be possible. It would not be trivial, because the -order in which the notes appear inside the gloss before it is -typeset is not necessarily the same as the order in which they -appear after it is typeset. - -\subsection Cascading hanging indentation in glosses - -\raggedbottom -\lingset{glhangindent=.25in,everygl=\openup.5ex, - everyglword=\normalbaselines,everyglft=\normalbaselines, - abovemoreglskip=1ex} - -\lingset{glhangstyle=none} -\framedisplay -\ex[glhangstyle=cascade] -\let\\=\textsc -\begingl -\gla -Hom\^{a}o sa \v{c}\^{o} p\^{o} tha \~{n}u nao ng\u{a} hmua. \~{N}u -dj\u{a} g\u{a}, \~{n}u dj\u{a} \v{c}\u{o}ng \~{n}u, laih gui r\^{e}o -\~{n}u. Todang bboi r\^{o}k jolan \~{n}u nao hma, \~{n}u bb\^{o}h sa -droi mr\u{a} d\u{o} bboi gah, a, hruh \~{n}u.// -\glb -\\{exist} one \\{clf} person old \\{3s} go do field \\{3s} hold -machete \\{3s} hold hoe \\{3s} and carry.on.back back.basket \\{3s} -while at along trail \\{3s} go field \\{3s} see one \\{clf} peacock -stay at \\{drct} -- nest \\{3s}// -\glft -`There was an old person who went to work in the field. He took -along his machete, he took along his hoe, and he carried his -basket on his back. While he was on his way to the farm, he saw a -peacock beside its nest.'// -\endgl -\xe -\endframedisplay - -is achieved by -\codedisplay~ -\ex[glhangstyle=cascade] -\let\\=\textsc -\begingl -\gla -Hom\^{a}o sa \v{c}\^{o} p\^{o} tha \~{n}u nao ng\u{a} hmua. \~{N}u -dj\u{a} g\u{a}, \~{n}u dj\u{a} \v{c}\u{o}ng \~{n}u, laih gui r\^{e}o -\~{n}u. Todang bboi r\^{o}k jolan \~{n}u nao hma, \~{n}u bb\^{o}h sa -droi mr\u{a} d\u{o} bboi gah, a, hruh \~{n}u.// -\glb -\\{exist} one \\{clf} person old \\{3s} go do field \\{3s} hold -machete \\{3s} hold hoe \\{3s} and carry.on.back back.basket \\{3s} -while at along trail \\{3s} go field \\{3s} see one \\{clf} peacock -stay at \\{drct} -- nest \\{3s}// -\glft -`There was an old person who went to work in the field. He took -along his machete, he took along his hoe, and he carried his -basket on his back. While he was on his way to the farm, he saw a -peacock beside its nest.'// -\endgl -\xe -|endcodedisplay - -\subsection Gloss underfixes - -\begininventory -\macros* \idx{|\gluf|}\endmc -\parameters -\idx{|glufcloseup|}& dimension& \textdim{.4 ex}\cr -\idx{|everygluf|}& token list& |{}|\cr -\endinventory - -\noindent Sometimes, gloss displays like the following are -desired, with grammatical markings written below the gloss. - -\framedisplay -\ex[glhangstyle=normal,glufcloseup=.4ex,everygluf=\footnotesize] -\begingl -\gla Mary$_i$ ist sicher, dass es den Hans nicht st\"oren - w\"urde seiner Freundin ihr$_i$ Herz auszusch\"utten.// -\glb Mary is sure that it \gluf/the/ACC/ Hans not annoy would - \gluf/his/DAT/ \gluf/girlfriend/DAT/ \gluf/her/ACC/ - \gluf/heart/ACC/ {out to throw}// -\glft `Mary is sure that to reveal her heart to his girlfriend -would not damage John.'// -\endgl -\xe -\endframedisplay - -\ExPex\ provides the macro |\gluf| which can be used to -construct such a display. - -\codedisplay -\ex[glhangstyle=normal,glufcloseup=.4ex,everygluf=\footnotesize] -\begingl -\gla Mary$_i$ ist sicher, dass es den Hans nicht st\"oren - w\"urde seiner Freundin ihr$_i$ Herz auszusch\"utten.// -\glb Mary is sure that it \gluf/the/ACC/ Hans not annoy would - \gluf/his/DAT/ \gluf/girlfriend/DAT/ \gluf/her/ACC/ - \gluf/heart/ACC/ {out to throw}// -\glft `Mary is sure that to reveal her heart to his girlfriend -would not damage John.'// -\endgl -\xe -|endcodedisplay - -The grammatical markings are essentially ``underfixes'' (rather than -prefixes or suffixes), hence the name ``gluf'' (gl underfix). When the -underfix is typeset, the value of |everygluf| is first inserted. It -is provided so that the user has control of the font used to typeset -the underfixes. The value of |glufcloseup| determines how much the -baselineskip between the underfix and the underfixed word is closed -up. Without some closeup, the underfixes are not positioned close -enough to the glosses they modify (in my opinion). The macro |\gluf| -centers the underfix below the word it annotates. Its syntax should -be clear from the example above. - - |