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+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @TeX-file{
+%%% filename = "amstinst.tex",
+%%% version = "2.2",
+%%% date = "2001/08/09",
+%%% time = "18:47:33 EDT",
+%%% checksum = "30594 415 2485 18444",
+%%% filetype = "AMS-TeX: user documentation",
+%%% author = "American Mathematical Society",
+%%% copyright = "Copyright 2001 American Mathematical Society,
+%%% all rights reserved. Copying of this file is
+%%% authorized only if either:
+%%% (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy,
+%%% including name; OR
+%%% (2) if you do make changes, you first rename it
+%%% to some other name.",
+%%% address = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%% Technical Support,
+%%% P. O. Box 6248,
+%%% Providence, RI 02940,
+%%% USA",
+%%% telephone = "401-455-4080 or (in the USA and Canada)
+%%% 800-321-4AMS (321-4267)",
+%%% FAX = "401-331-3842",
+%%% email = "tech-support@ams.org (Internet)",
+%%% codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
+%%% keywords = "amstex, ams-tex",
+%%% supported = "yes",
+%%% abstract = "This file is part of the AMS-TeX distribution,
+%%% version 2.2. It contains installation instructions.
+%%% The file amsguide.tex inputs this file, but this
+%%% file is also designed so that it can be processed
+%%% separately, using only Plain TeX.",
+%%% docstring = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16 checksum
+%%% as the first value, followed by the equivalent of
+%%% the standard UNIX wc (word count) utility output of
+%%% lines, words, and characters. This is produced by
+%%% Robert Solovay's checksum utility.",
+%%% }
+%%% ====================================================================
+%
+% This file is input by amsguide.tex, which requires AMS-TeX 2.1 or
+% later. However it can also be typeset separately using Plain \TeX{},
+% means of the mechanism below: we check to see if amsppt.sty has
+% been loaded earlier; if so, we set the catcode of the ~ character
+% to 14 so that the following section of definitions will be ignored
+% (since the definitions would be redundant); otherwise we set the
+% catcode to 9 ("ignore") so that the definitions will be carried out.
+% Several definitions differ from the ones in amsguide.tex because
+% amsppt.sty is absent.
+%
+% Enclosing the definitions section within the initial \if ...
+% \else ... \fi would be problematic because of the outerness of
+% \head and \subhead in the amsppt documentstyle.
+%
+% Leave the definition of \head active; it is slightly different from
+% the one in amsppt.sty, and gives a different result in Appendix C.
+%
+\expandafter\ifx\csname amsppt.sty\endcsname\relax
+ \catcode`\~=9 \else \catcode`\~=14 \let\BYE\relax \fi
+~ \let\BYE\bye
+~ \hsize=30pc \vsize=47pc
+ \def\head#1\endhead{\bigskip{\sc\noindent
+ \leftskip0pt plus.5\hsize \rightskip=\leftskip\parfillskip=0pt
+ \def\\{\break}#1\par}\nobreak\smallskip}
+ \font\sc=cmcsc10
+~ \def\subhead#1\endsubhead{\removelastskip\medskip{\bf\noindent
+~ #1\par}\nobreak\smallskip}
+~ \def\AmSTeX{{\the\textfont2 A\kern-.1667em%
+~ \lower.5ex\hbox{M}\kern-.125emS}-\TeX\spacefactor 1000 }
+~ \long\def\usertype#1{\smallskip
+~ \moveright2pc\vbox{\def\par{\crcr}\halign{%
+~ \setbox0\hbox{\tt##}%
+~ \hbox\ifdim\wd0<10pc to10pc\fi{\unhbox0\hfil}%
+~ \kern1pc \it $\langle$return$\rangle$\hss
+~ \cr#1\crcr}}%
+~ \smallskip}
+~ \def\<#1>{{\it$\langle$#1\/$\rangle$}}
+~ \hfuzz1pc % to suppress reporting of overfull boxes.
+~ \hyphenation{amsppt}
+~ \def\Textures{{\it Textures\/}}
+~ \def\AMS{American Mathematical Society}
+~ \def\filnam#1{{\tt\def\\{\char`\\}\ignorespaces#1\unskip}}
+~ \hyphenchar\tentt=-1 % to prohibit hyphenation in tt text
+~ \newdimen\exindent \exindent=2\parindent
+~ {\obeylines
+~ \gdef^^M{\par\penalty9999}%
+~ \gdef\beginexample#1{\medskip\bgroup %
+~ \def\~{\char`\~}\def\\{\char`\\}\def\{{\char`\{}\def\}{\char`\}}%
+~ \overfullrule0pt\tt\frenchspacing %
+~ \parindent=0pt#1\leftskip=\exindent\obeylines}
+~ }% end \obeylines
+~ \def\endexample{\endgraf\egroup\medskip}
+~ \def\cs#1{\leavevmode
+~ \skip0\lastskip\unskip\penalty0
+~ \ifdim\skip0>0pt \hskip\skip0\fi
+~ {\tt\def\{{\char`\{}\def\}{\char`\}}%
+~ \def\\{\char`\\}\char`\\\ignorespaces#1\unskip}}
+~ \newcount\rostercount
+~ \def\roster{\par\smallskip\begingroup \rostercount=0
+~ \def\par{{\endgraf}}\hangindent3pc
+~ \def\item{\futurelet\next\iitem}%
+~ \def\iitem{\ifx\next"\expandafter\iiitem
+~ \else\advance\rostercount 1 \iiitem"(\the\rostercount)"\fi}%
+~ \def\iiitem"##1"{\par \noindent\hbox to\hangindent{\hss##1\enspace}}%
+~ }
+~ \def\endroster{\par\smallskip\endgroup}
+~ \def\newpage{\vfil\eject}
+\catcode126=\active % restore ~ to normal; using `\~ here wouldn't work!
+\def\TEXMF{{\tt TEXMF}}
+
+\head Appendix B\\ Installation Procedures\endhead
+
+\subhead B.1. Introduction\endsubhead
+
+The \AmSTeX{} software can be used with any implementation of \TeX{}\null.
+Many \TeX{} distributions include \AmSTeX{}, ready to run; check the
+documentation that came with the \TeX{} distribution you are using.
+When a new version of \AmSTeX{} is released, all distributors are
+notified, so if your \TeX{} system is up to date, it is likely that you
+don't need to do anything at all.
+
+Most up-to-date \TeX{} installations are organized according to the
+\TeX{} Directory Structure (TDS)\null. This is a tree structure whose
+root is identified as something like {\tt /usr/local/share/texmf} or
+{\tt c:\char`\\sw\char`\\texmf}. In the following instructions,
+we will use the name \TEXMF{} to identify the root directory of a
+TDS or similar structure.
+
+When installing a new release of \AmSTeX{}, you may want to first
+back up your old version, if you have existing documents that use it.
+Although new releases are intended to be backward compatible, a backup
+provides insurance in case something goes wrong.
+
+
+\subhead B.2. Location of \AmSTeX{} Files in a TDS Tree\endsubhead
+
+Files in the \AmSTeX{} distribution fall into four categories:
+files for use with \TeX{}, source files, documentation, and formats.
+The following list shows all the files in the current distribution,
+along with their recommended locations in a TDS tree.
+
+\medskip
+\begingroup
+\obeylines\obeyspaces\tt%
+TEXMF/
+\ tex/amstex/base/
+\ amstex.tex
+\ amstex.ini
+\ amsppt.sty
+\ amsppt.sti
+\ amsppt1.tex
+\ tex/plain/amsfonts/
+\ amssym.def
+\ amssym.tex
+\ source/amstex/
+\ README
+\ amsppt.doc
+\ amstex.bug
+\ doc/ams/amstex/
+\ amsguide.tex
+\ amsguide.ps
+\ amsppt.faq
+\ amstinst.tex
+\ amstinst.ps
+\ joyerr.tex
+\ joyerr2.tex
+\ \<\TeX-implementation>/formats/
+\ amstex.fmt
+\endgroup
+
+\medskip
+\noindent
+The \AmSTeX{} distribution can be retrieved in bundled form from the
+AMS web site, e.g., as a \filnam{.zip} or \filnam{.tar} file. In this
+form, the files are already arranged according to the TDS structure.
+(The format file is not included in the distribution. It is
+platform-specific, and must be created as part of the installation;
+see below.) To install the collection from a TDS-formatted bundle,
+place the bundled file into a convenient directory and unpack it using
+the \TEXMF{} directory as the ``Extract to'' target. Some examples:
+
+\halign{\quad#\hfil\quad & #\hfil \cr
+ WinZip: & Click on ``Extract'' and then in the ``Extract to'' box, enter\cr
+ & {\tt\char`\\sw\char`\\texmf}\quad (or whatever TEXMF is on your
+ system)\cr
+ gzip: & {\tt gzip -dc amstex.tgz \char`\|\ (cd TEXMF; tar xvf -)}\cr
+ unzip: & {\tt unzip amstex2.zip -d TEXMF}\cr
+}
+
+\noindent
+The bundled file may be deleted after unpacking.
+
+If the files are obtained from CTAN (where they are mirrored from
+the AMS server), they are not in TDS order. Use the above list to
+place the files into the proper location.
+
+Note: If you currently have any of the following files from very old
+releases of \AmSTeX{}, delete them before installing the new release.
+They are either irrelevant or superseded in the new version of \AmSTeX{},
+and it is best to remove them to avoid confusion. If you back up your
+existing \AmSTeX{} files before installing the new version, these files
+should be included.
+
+\settabs4\columns {\tt
+\+\ \ amsfil.chg& amsplain.tex& amsppt.mor& amstex.chg\cr
+\+\ \ cyracc.def& cyrmemo.def& cyrmemo.tex& amsplain.fmt\cr
+}
+
+\medskip
+The TFM files for some of AMSFonts 2.2 (\filnam{msam*}, \filnam{msbm*},
+and \filnam{eufm*}) are needed to run \AmSTeX{} with the AMSPPT
+document style, even if you don't plan to actually print anything using the
+AMSFonts. (These fonts {\it are} needed to process and print the User's
+Guide of which this appendix is a part.) TFM files are available from the
+AMS web site, \filnam{www.ams.org/tex/amsfonts.html}, or by anonymous FTP
+from \filnam{ftp.ams.org}. They should be placed in the directory
+\filnam{TEXMF/fonts/tfm/ams/}.
+
+
+\subhead B.3. What if Your \TeX{} System Isn't in a TDS Tree?\endsubhead
+
+If your \TeX{} system is arranged in some other way, you must consult
+the user documentation for guidance. The hints that follow are just
+that---hints. If your \TeX{} system documentation recommends something
+different, you should follow that procedure.
+
+We recommend placing \AmSTeX{} files into distinct subdirectories or
+folders, to simplify installation of future versions.
+
+First, determine where \TeX{} will look for files to be input. If
+\filnam{amstex.tex} and \filnam{amssym.def} are already present, place
+the files listed in section B.2 under {\tt tex/amstex/base/} and
+{\tt tex/plain/amsfonts/} into those same areas. If neither of these
+files is already present, look for the file \filnam{plain.tex}.
+Create appropriate subdirectories under the area where you find this
+file for the new \AmSTeX{} files.
+
+If there isn't any obvious place to put source or documentation files
+(the ones listed in section B.2 under {\tt source/amstex/} and
+{\tt doc/ams/amstex/}), you can put them in with the input files.
+Consult the documentation for your \TeX{} distribution.
+
+Once all the files are installed, you are ready to create a format
+file.
+
+
+\subhead B.4. Creating a Format File\endsubhead
+
+Every implementation of \TeX{} uses format files to preload the macros,
+fonts, and hyphenation patterns that define basic user environments
+such as \AmSTeX. Although it is not strictly necessary to use a
+format file for \AmSTeX, preloading will save startup time, especially
+on slower systems. Note: Each format file takes up 150K--300K of
+disk space (depending on your \TeX{} implementation).
+
+If your \TeX{} system already includes the format file \filnam{amstex.fmt},
+you may not have to create a new one; recent changes to \filnam{amstex.tex}
+are cosmetic, and will not affect any math formatting features.
+If the AMSPPT preprint style has been included in the format, then a new
+format file is in order. (We recommend using the name \filnam{amsppt.fmt}
+for a format file with AMSPPT preloaded so that there is no question which
+is present; see below.)
+
+Creating a format file (also known as ``initialization'') requires a
+special version of \TeX, a particular switch, or item in a menu.
+Read the documentation for your \TeX{} distribution to learn how to
+create a format file.
+
+Before creating your format file, you will want to consider whether you
+habitually use the AMSPPT document style. If you use other document styles
+rarely or never, then you would benefit from the use of a format file with
+\filnam{amsppt.sty} preloaded. If you are likely to use other document styles
+periodically, then you probably do not want to preload \filnam{amsppt.sty}.
+To make a simple \AmSTeX{} format file, proceed with the next paragraph.
+To make a format file with \filnam{amsppt.sty} preloaded, edit the file
+\filnam{amstex.ini} and remove the percent sign (comment character) at the
+beginning of the line {\tt\char`\%}\cs{documentstyle\{amsppt\}}, just before
+the \cs{dump} command. Save this file with the name \filnam{amsppt.ini}.
+
+If you intend to use Type~1 outline versions of AMSFonts, read Appendix~C
+before proceeding. Users of \Textures{} will have to comment out one more
+\cs{input} statement; read the instructions.
+
+Update the file name database (if one is used) so that \TeX{} will be able
+to find \filnam{amstex.ini} (or \filnam{amsppt.ini}) and the other files.
+This may be done by a command such as {\tt texhash} or via a menu option.
+Consult the documentation for your \TeX{} distribution for instructions
+on how to perform this update.
+
+Now run the ``initialization'' version of \TeX{} on \filnam{amstex.ini}
+(or \filnam{amsppt.ini}). This will create an \AmSTeX{} format file named
+\filnam{amstex.fmt} (or \filnam{amsppt.fmt}). Some implementations of
+\TeX{} will automatically place the format file in the proper directory;
+otherwise you should move this file manually into the \TeX{} formats
+directory. Once again update the file name database to make the format
+file visible to \TeX{}.
+
+
+\subhead B.5. Using \AmSTeX{} 2.0+\endsubhead
+
+With some \TeX{} implementations, a format file can be specified by preceding
+its name with an ampersand:
+
+\usertype{tex \&amstex filename}
+
+Other implementations treat the name of the format file as a command:
+
+\usertype{amstex filename}
+
+Still other implementations allow the installation of this name as a
+menu option. For details of how to use format files with your
+implementation of \TeX{}, see your documentation.
+
+
+\subhead B.5. Getting a printed copy of the User's Guide \endsubhead
+
+The \AmSTeX{} User's Guide can be obtained as a PDF file from the AMS
+web site. It is also included in the distribution as a PostScript file,
+ready to print (\filnam{amsguide.ps}). Or, you can use your newly
+created \AmSTeX{} or AMSPPT format file to typeset the file
+\filnam{amsguide.tex}; even if you print out this guide from another
+source, we recommend using the file \filnam{amsguide.tex} as a test
+to make sure that your newly installed \AmSTeX{} is working properly.
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\newpage
+\csname firstpage\string @true\endcsname
+
+\head Appendix C\\ Before Installing \AmSTeX: Facts About Fonts\endhead
+
+\subhead C.1. Using AMSFonts in PostScript Type~1 Form\endsubhead
+
+The AMSFonts Version~2.2 have been converted to PostScript Type~1 outlines
+in two forms:
+
+The AMS web site ({\tt www.ams.org/tex/type1-fonts.html}) holds the
+canonical distribution. This is a collection containing all the
+typefaces, but only in 5, 7, and 10 point sizes; other sizes must be created
+by scaling. The \AmSTeX{} preprint style provides a way for authors to
+indicate that fonts should be loaded under this alternative scaling
+convention. If you are using this version of AMSFonts, insert the line
+\cs{PSAMSFonts} in the preamble of your file, before the \cs{topmatter}
+line; see section C.3, below, for instructions on making this your local
+default.
+
+Basil Malyshev has created a collection, called BaKoMa, containing the
+Computer Modern fonts as well as all sizes of the AMSFonts used in
+mathematics, but excluding the \filnam{wncy*} cyrillic fonts. The BaKoMa
+fonts can be used with no special action; however, for papers or monographs
+to be published by the AMS, \cs{PSAMSFonts} should be specified.
+
+
+\subhead C.2. Using AMS Symbol Fonts\endsubhead
+
+The preprint style automatically loads the Fraktur font (\filnam{eufm}) and
+both fonts of extra symbols (\filnam{msam} and \filnam{msbm}), as well as
+all the symbol names, as described in the sections {\bf Fonts} and
+{\bf Symbol Names}. If these will not be used, and you want a version of
+\filnam{amsppt.sty} that requires less memory than the default version, you
+can suppress the loading of these resources. If \filnam{amsppt.sty} is to
+be included in your format file, you must make this change before creating
+the format file. See the next section for instructions.
+
+\subhead C.3 Setting Local Default Options\endsubhead
+
+An ``initialization file'', \filnam{amsppt.sti}, contains settings for
+some options that a user may wish to change locally. This file is read
+in automatically by \filnam{amsppt.sty}.
+
+Two lines in \filnam{amsppt.sti} affect the inclusion of AMS symbol fonts:
+\beginexample{}
+\\loadeufm \\loadmsam \\loadmsbm
+\\message\{symbol names\}\\UseAMSsymbols\\message\{,\}
+\endexample
+\noindent
+To use \filnam{amsppt.sty} without AMSFonts, comment out both lines (place
+a {\tt\char`\%} at the beginning of each line); to disable just the symbol
+names, comment out the second line. In either case, remove the {\tt\char`\%}
+sign from the beginning of the line
+\beginexample{}
+\%\\define\\square\{\\vrule width.6em height.5em depth.1em\\relax\}
+\endexample
+\noindent
+This is required for using \cs{qed} to indicate end of proof.
+Extra math symbols can be loaded on demand with \cs{newsymbol} or by
+including \cs{UseAMSsymbols} in the preamble of a particular document.
+
+In order to make the Type~1 versions of the AMSFonts as distributed from
+the AMS web site your local default, activate the line
+\beginexample{}
+\%\\PSAMSFonts
+\endexample
+\noindent
+by removing the {\tt\char`\%} sign from the beginning of the line.
+
+
+\BYE % This is = \relax if this file is input by amsguide.tex
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}