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+\documentclass[11pt]{article}
+\usepackage[tight]{chemcono}
+%\usepackage{drftcono}
+%\usepackage{showkeysff}
+%\renewcommand{\fcite}[1]{\underline{\ffcite{#1}}}
+
+\newcommand{\grade}{$\,^{\circ}$}
+\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
+\setlength{\parskip}{5pt plus 2pt minus 1pt}
+
+\begin{document}
+\begin{center}
+\fbox{\textsf{Uncomment packages in the preamble to see different output.}}
+
+\section*{Composition of the Pheromone System of the male Danaine Butterfly, \emph{Idea
+leuconoe}}
+
+S. Schulz$^{*,a}$, R. Nishida$^{b}$ \\ $^{a}$Institute of Organic Chemistry, TU
+Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, D-38106~Braunschweig, Germany, phone +49-531-391 7353,
+email:~stefan.schulz@tu-bs.de;
+\\$^{b}$Pesticide Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-01, Japan
+\end{center}
+
+\begin{center}
+Keywords: pheromones, Danainae, lipids, \emph{Idea}, lactones
+\end{center}
+\begin{center}
+\textbf{Abstract}
+\end{center}
+
+ Male \emph{Idea leuconoe} butterflies release a complex mixture
+of volatiles from their pheromone glands (hairpencils) during courtship. The pheromone
+components geranyl methyl thioether (\fcite{f2}), viridifloric-$\beta$-lactone
+(\fcite{f3}), and 6-hydroxy-4-dodecanolide (\fcite{f8}) have been synthesized for the
+first time. Therefore the structural assignment of these new natural products could be
+proved. Related 7-hydroxy-5-alkanolides are also present in the extract. The volatiles
+are embedded in a lipidic matrix with more than 150 components. This matrix consists of
+alkanes, alkenes, 2,5-dialkyltetrahydrofurans, secondary alkanols and alkenols as well as
+alkanones and alkenones. Several regioisomers of the oxidized hydrocarbons occur. The
+elucidation of  double bond  positions has been performed by MS using DMDS adducts.
+
+\begin{center}
+\textbf{Introduction}
+
+\end{center}
+ Male Danaine butterflies possess  striking evertible
+pheromone glands, so called hairpencils,  which are used during courtship \cite{c1}.
+About 30 years ago the first pheromone component of these butterflies, danaidone
+(\fcite{f1}), could be identified \cite{c2} and its function as courtship pheromone
+proved  \cite{c3}. Since then, many danaine species have been investigated and the
+chemical composition of their male pheromone glands elucidated \cite{c1,c4,c7}. Despite
+the fact that some of the scent bouquets  consist of up to 60 components, no pheromonal
+function of any other component than \fcite{f1} has been established.
+
+
+Recently we were able to show that  male \emph{Idea leuconoe} butterflies emit  a complex
+mixture of chemicals from their hairpencils. At least three of these components,
+danaidone (\fcite{f1}), geranyl methyl thioether (\fcite{f2}), and
+(\emph{S,S})-viridifloric-$\beta$-lactone (\fcite{f3}), act as courtship  pheromones
+\cite{c5}.  An artificial mixture of hairpencil compounds containing \fcite{f1},
+\fcite{f2}, and \fcite{f3} as well as phenol, \emph{p}-cresol, benzoic acid,  a series of
+homologue 6-hydroxy-4-alkanolides ranging from C$_{10}$ to C$_{13}$,
+(\emph{E,E})-farnesol,  and (\emph{Z})-9-tricosene elicited the same courtship behavior
+as a crude hairpencil extract \cite{c5}. In addition, (--)-(\emph{R})-mellein
+(8-hydroxy-3-methyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin) and another $\beta$-lactone related to
+\fcite{f3}, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxy-3-butanolide, could be identified  in the hairpencil
+extracts. Besides their function as courtship pheromones, other types of interactions,
+like a defensive warning odor or intermale  recognition (for a discussion, see
+\cite{c5}), seem also to be associated with these chemicals.  The volatile compounds
+identified are embedded into a complex lipidic matrix (see Figure~\ref{f2}).
+\marginpar{fig.~\ref{f2} here} In this paper we will report on the synthesis of some
+hairpencils constituents, the identification of additional   components, and the
+composition of the lipid matrix.
+
+\begin{figure}[h!]
+  \centering
+  \caption{Figure}\label{f2}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{center}
+\textbf{Results}
+\end{center}
+The structure of the previously unknown geranyl methyl thioether (\fcite{f2}) could be
+deduced from its mass spectrum (see Figure~\ref{f3}). \marginpar{fig.~\ref{f3} here}The
+presence of sulfur was detected by high-resolution mass spectroscopy, giving a molecular
+formula of C$_{11}$H$_{20}$S
+ (M$^{+}_{obs}$ = 184.1289, M$^{+}_{calc}$ = 184.1286).
+Ions at \emph{m/z} = 47 (CH$_{3}$S$^{+}$) and 61 (CH$_{3}$SCH$_{2}^{+}$) and the loss of
+48 amu (CH$_{3}$SH)  from  M$^{+}$ indicated a thiomethyl group in the molecule. Typical
+terpenic ions (\emph{m/z} = 41, 69, 81, 93, 123, and 136) suggested that this molecule
+could be geranyl methyl thioether (\fcite{f2}).  For an unambiguous proof, \fcite{f2} was
+synthesized by reaction of geranyl chloride with sodium methanolate in boiling ethanol.
+The product showed identical mass spectra and gaschromatographic retention times on
+different stationary phases as the natural compound which is therefore
+(\emph{E})-2,6-dimethyloctadienyl methyl thioether (\fcite{f2}). The corresponding
+(\emph{Z})-isomer exhibited a similar mass spectrum, but a shorter retention time on an
+apolar phase.
+
+
+Another pheromone component not reported from nature before is
+2-hydroxy-2-(1-methylethyl)-3-butanolide (viridifloric  $\beta$-lactone, \fcite{f3}). Its
+identification basing on MS-, IR- and NMR-data has been described \cite{c5}.  A racemic
+mixture of both diastereomers of \fcite{f3} was synthesized for structural assignment
+according to Figure 4.
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{99}
+\bibitem{c1}Ackery, P. R.; Vane-Wright, R. I. \emph{Milkweed
+Butterflies: Their Cladistics and Biology}; British Museum (Natural
+History): London, 1984.
+\bibitem{c2}Meinwald, J.; Meinwald, Y. C.
+\emph{J. Am. Chem. Soc.}  \textbf{1966}, \emph{88}, 1305.
+\bibitem{c3}Pliske, T. E.; Eisner, T. \emph{Science} \textbf{1969},
+\emph{164}, 1170.
+\bibitem{c4}Schulz, S.; Boppr\'e, M.; Vane-Wright, R. I.
+\emph{Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B}  \textbf{1993}, \emph{342}, 161.
+\bibitem{c7}
+Schulz, S.; Francke, W.; Edgar, J.; Schneider, D. \emph{Z. Naturforsch.} \textbf{1988},
+\emph{43c}, 99;  Schulz, S.; Francke, W.;  Boppr\'e, M. \emph{Biol.\ Chem.\ Hoppe-Seyler}
+\textbf{1988}, \emph{389}, 633; Francke, W.; Bartels, J.; Krohn, S.; Schulz, S.; Baader,
+E.; Teng\"o, J.; Schneider, D. \emph{Pure Appl. Chem.} \textbf{1989}, \emph{61}, 539;
+Francke, W.; Schulz, S.; Sinnwell, V.; K\"onig, W. A.;  Roisin, Y. \emph{Liebigs Ann.
+Chem.} \textbf{1989}, 1195.
+\bibitem{c5}Nishida, R.; Schulz, S.; Kim, C. H.; Fukami, H.; Kuwahara,
+Y.; Honda, K.; Hayashi, N. \emph{J. Chem. Ecol.} \textbf{1995}, submitted.
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+\clearpage
+\begin{theffbibliography}{99}
+\ffbibitem{f1} danaidone
+\ffbibitem{f2} geranyl methyl thioether
+\ffbibitem{f3} viridifloric acid lactone
+\ffbibitem{f5} ho but sre
+\ffbibitem{f6} butensre
+\ffbibitem{f7} virid. acid
+\ffbibitem{f12} oxobutester
+\ffbibitem{f11} hexenolid
+\ffbibitem{f9} oxo olid
+\ffbibitem{f8} 6-ho-c12-g-lactone
+\end{theffbibliography}
+ \end{document}