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authorKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2006-11-01 23:50:14 +0000
committerKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2006-11-01 23:50:14 +0000
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-% $Header: /cvsroot/latex-beamer/latex-beamer/doc/beamerug-animations.tex,v 1.3 2004/10/07 20:53:04 tantau Exp $
-
-% Copyright 2003, 2004 by Till Tantau <tantau@users.sourceforge.net>.
-%
-% This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
-% of the GNU Public License, version 2.
-
-\section{Animations, Sounds, and Slide Transitions}
-
-\subsection{Animations}
-
-\subsubsection{Including External Animation Files}
-
-\label{section-multimedia}
-
-If you have created an animation using some external
-program (like a renderer), you can use the capabilities of the
-presentation program (like the Acrobat Reader) to show the
-animation. Unfortunately, currently there is no portable way of doing
-this and even the Acrobat Reader does not support this feature on all
-platforms.
-
-To include an animation in a presentation, you can use, for example,
-the package |multimedia.sty| which is part of the \beamer\
-package. You have to include this package explicitly. Despite being
-distributed as part of the \beamer\ distribution, this package is
-perfectly self-sufficient and can be used independently of \beamer.
-
-\begin{package}{{multimedia}}
- A stand-alone package that implements several commands for including
- external animation and sound files in a \pdf\ document. The package
- can be used together with both |dvips| plus |ps2pdf| and |pdflatex|,
- though the special sound support is available only in |pdflatex|.
-
- When including this package, you must also include the |hyperref|
- package. Since you will typically want to include |hyperref| only at
- the very end of the preamble, |multimedia| will not include
- |hyperref| itself. However, |multimedia| can be included both before
- and after |hyperref|. Since \beamer\ includes |hyperref|
- automatically, you need not worry about this when creating a
- presentation using \beamer.
-\end{package}
-
-For including an animation in a \pdf\ file, you can use the command
-|\movie|, which is explained below. Depending on the used options,
-this command will either setup the \pdf\ file such that the viewer
-application (like the Acrobat Reader) itself will try to play the
-movie or that an external program will be called. The latter approach,
-though much less flexible, must be taken if the viewer application is
-unable to display the movie itself.
-
-\begin{command}{\movie\oarg{options}\marg{poster text}\marg{movie
- filename}}
- This command will insert the movie with the filename \meta{movie
- filename} into the \pdf\ file. The movie file must reside at some
- place where the viewer application will be able to find it,
- which is typically only the directory in which the final \pdf\ file
- resides. The movie file will \emph{not} be embedded into the \pdf\
- file in the sense that the actual movie data is part of the
- |main.pdf| file. The movie file must hence be copied and passed
- along with the \pdf\ file. (Nevertheless, one often says that the
- movie is ``embedded'' in the document, but that just means that one can
- click on the movie when viewing the document and the movie will
- start to play.)
-
- The movie will use a rectangular area whose size is determined
- either by the |width=| and |height=| options or by the size of the
- \meta{poster text}. The \meta{poster text} can be any \TeX\ text;
- for example, it might be a |\pgfuseimage| command or an
- |\includegraphics| command or a |pgfpicture| environment or just
- plain text. The \meta{poster text} is typeset in a box, the box is
- inserted into the normal text, and the movie rectangle is put
- exactly over this box. Thus, if the \meta{poster text} is an image
- from the movie, this image will be shown until the movie is started,
- when it will be exactly replaced by the movie itself. However, there
- is also a different, sometimes better, way of creating a poster image,
- namely by using the |poster| option as explained later on.
-
- The aspect ratio of the movie will \emph{not} be corrected
- automatically if the dimension of the \meta{poster text} box does
- not have the same aspect ratio. Most movies have an aspect ratio of
- 4:3 or 16:9.
-
- Despite the name, a movie may consist only of sound with no
- images. In this case, the \meta{posert text} might be a symbol
- representing the sound. There is also a different, dedicated
- command for including sounds in a \pdf\ file, see the |\sound|
- command in Section~\ref{section-sound}.
-
- Unless further options are given, the movie will start only when the
- user clicks on it. Whether the viewer application can actually
- display the movie depends on the application and the version. For
- example, the Acrobat Reader up to version~5 does not seem to be able
- to display any movies or sounds on Linux. On the other hand, the
- Acrobat Reader Version~6 on MacOS is able to display anything that
- QuickTime can display, which is just about everything. Embedding
- movies in a \pdf\ document is provided for by the \pdf\ standard and
- is not a peculiarity of the Acrobat Reader. In particular, one might
- expect other viewers like |xpdf| to support embedded movies in the
- future.
-
- \example
- |\movie{\pgfuseimage{myposterimage}}{mymovie.avi}|
-
- \example
- |\movie[width=3cm,height=2cm,poster]{}{mymovie.mpg}|
-
- If your viewer application is not able to render your movie, but
- some external application is, you must use the |externalviewer|
- option. This will ask the viewer application to launch an
- application for showing the movie instead of displaying it
- itself. Since this application is started in a new window, this not
- nearly as nice as having the movie be displayed directly by the
- viewer (unless you use evil trickery to suppress the frame of the
- viewer application). Which application is chosen is left to the
- discreetion of the viewer application, which tries to make its
- choice according to the extension of the \meta{movie filename} and
- according to some mapping table for mapping extensions
- to viewer applications. How this mapping table can be modified
- depends on the viewer application, please see the release notes of
- your viewer.
-
- The following \meta{options} may be given:
- \begin{itemize}
- \item
- \declare{|autostart|}. Causes the movie to start playing immediately
- when the page is shown. At most one movie can be started in this
- way. The viewer application will typically be able to show only at
- most one movie at the same time anyway. When the page is no longer
- shown, the movie immediately stops. This can be a problem if you
- use the |\movie| command to include a sound that should be played
- on after the page has been closed. In this case, the |\sound|
- command must be used.
- \item
- \declare{|borderwidth=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension}. Causes a border of
- thickness \meta{\TeX\ dimension} to be drawn around the
- movie. Some versions of the Acrobat Reader seem to have a bug and
- do not display this border if is smaller than 0.5bp (about
- 0.51pt).
- \item
- \declare{|depth=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension}. Overrides the depth of the
- \meta{poster text} box and sets it to the given dimension.
- \item
- \declare{|duration=|}\meta{time}|s|. Specifies in seconds how long
- the movie should be shown. The \meta{time} may be a fractional
- value and must be followed by the letter |s|. For example,
- |duration=1.5s| will show the movie for one and a half seconds. In
- conjunction with the |start| option, you can ``cut out'' a part of
- a movie for display.
- \item
- \declare{|externalviewer|}. As explained above, this causes an
- external application to be launched for displaying the movie in a
- separate window. Most options, like |duration| or |loop|, have no
- effect since they are not passed along to the viewer application.
- \item
- \declare{|height=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension}. Overrides the height of the
- \meta{poster text} box and sets it to the given dimension.
- \item
- \declare{|label=|}\meta{movie label}. Assigns a label to the movie
- such that it can later be referenced by the command
- |\hyperlinkmovie|, which can be used to stop the movie or to show
- a different part of it. The \meta{movie label} is not a normal
- label. It should not be too fancy, since it is inserted literally
- into the \pdf\ code. In particular, it should not contain closing
- parentheses.
- \item
- \declare{|loop|}. Causes the movie to start again when the end has
- been reached. Normally, the movie just stops at the end.
- \item
- \declare{|once|}. Causes the movie to just stop at the end. This is
- the default.
- \item
- \declare{|palindrome|}. Causes the movie to start playing backwards
- when the end has been reached, and to start playing forward once
- more when the beginning is reached, and so on.
- \item
- \declare{|poster|}. Asks the viewer application to show the first
- image of the movie when the movie is not playing. Normally,
- nothing is shown when the movie is not playing (and thus the box
- containing the \meta{poster text} is shown). For a movie that does
- not have any images (but sound) or for movies with an
- uninformative first image this option is not so useful.
- \item
- \declare{|repeat|} is the same as |loop|.
- \item
- \declare{|showcontrols=|}\meta{true or false}. Causes a control bar
- to be displayed below the movie while it is playing. Instead of
- |showcontrols=true| you can also just say |showcontrols|. By
- default, no control bar is shown.
- \item
- \declare{|start=|}\meta{time}|s|. Causes the first
- \meta{time} seconds of the movie to be skipped. For example,
- |start=10s,duration=5s| will show seconds 10 to 15 of the movie,
- when you play the movie.
- \item
- \declare{|width=|}\meta{\TeX dimension} works like the |height|
- option, only for the width of the poster box.
- \end{itemize}
-
- \example The following example creates a ``background sound'' for
- the slide.
-\begin{verbatim}
-\movie[autostart]{}{test.wav}
-\end{verbatim}
-
- \example A movie with two extra buttons for showing different parts
- of the movie.
-\begin{verbatim}
-\movie[label=cells,width=4cm,height=3cm,poster,showcontrols,duration=5s]{}{cells.avi}
-
-\hyperlinkmovie[start=5s,duration=7s]{cells}{\beamerbutton{Show the middle stage}}
-
-\hyperlinkmovie[start=12s,duration=5s]{cells}{\beamerbutton{Show the late stage}}
-\end{verbatim}
-\end{command}
-
-A movie can serve as the destination of a special kind of hyperlink,
-namely a hyperlink introduced using the following command:
-
-\begin{command}{\hyperlinkmovie\oarg{options}\marg{movie
- label}\marg{text}}
- Causes the \meta{text} to become a movie hyperlink. When you click
- on the \meta{text}, the movie with the label \meta{movie label} will
- start to play (or stop or pause or resume, depending on the
- \meta{options}). The movie must be on the same page as the
- hyperlink.
-
- The following \meta{options} may be given, many of which are the
- same as for the |\movie| command; if a different option is given for
- the link than for the movie itself, the option for the link takes precedence:
- \begin{itemize}
- \item
- \declare{|duration=|}\meta{time}|s|. As for |\movie|, this causes
- the movie to be played only for the given number of seconds.
- \item
- \declare{|loop|} and \declare{|repeat|}. As for |\movie|, this causes
- the movie to loop.
- \item
- \declare{|once|}. As for |\movie|, this causes
- the movie to played only once.
- \item
- \declare{|palindrome|}. As for |\movie|, this causes
- the movie to be played forth and back.
- \item
- \declare{|pause|}. Causes the playback of the movie to be paused, if
- the movie was currently playing. If not, nothing happens.
- \item
- \declare{|play|}. Causes the movie to be played from whatever start
- position is specified. If the movie is already playing, it will be
- stopped and restarted at the starting position. This is the default.
- \item
- \declare{|resume|}. Resumes playback of the movie, if it has
- previously been paused. If has not been paused, but not started or
- is already playing, nothing happens.
- \item
- \declare{|showcontrols=|}\meta{true or false}. As for |\movie|, this
- causes a control bar to be shown or not shown during playback.
- \item
- \declare{|start=|}\meta{time}|s|. As for |\movie|, this causes
- the given number of seconds to be skipped at the beginning of the
- movie if |play| is used to start the movie.
- \item
- \declare{|stop|}. Causes the playback of the movie to be stopped.
- \end{itemize}
-\end{command}
-
-
-\subsubsection{Animations Created by Showing Slides in Rapid Succession}
-
-You can create an animation in a portable way by using the
-overlay commands of the \beamer\ package to create a series of slides
-that, when shown in rapid succession, present an animation. This is a
-flexible approach, but such animations will typically be rather static
-since it will take some time to advance from one slide to the
-next. This approach is mostly useful for animations where you want
-to explain each ``picture'' of the animation.
-When you advance slides ``by hand,'' that is, by pressing a forward
-button, it typically takes at least a second for the next slide to
-show.
-
-More ``lively'' animations can be created by relying on a capability
-of the viewer program. Some programs support
-showing slides only for a certain number of seconds during a
-presentation (for the Acrobat Reader this works only in full-screen
-mode). By setting the number of seconds to zero, you can create a
-rapid succession of slides.
-
-To facilitate the creation of animations using this feature, the
-following commands can be used: |\animate| and |\animatevalue|.
-
-\begin{command}{\animate\ssarg{overlay specification}}
- The slides specified by \meta{overlay specification} will be shown
- only as shortly as possible.
-\example
-\begin{verbatim}
-\begin{frame}
- \frametitle{A Five Slide Animation}
- \animate<2-4>
-
- The first slide is shown normally. When the second slide is shown
- (presumably after pressing a forward key), the second, third, and
- fourth slides ``flash by.'' At the end, the content of the fifth
- slide is shown.
-
- ... code for creating an animation with five slides ...
-\end{frame}
-\end{verbatim}
-
- \articlenote
- This command is ignored in |article| mode.
-\end{command}
-
-\begin{command}{\animatevalue|<|\meta{start slide}|-|\meta{end slide}|>|%
- \marg{name}\marg{start value}\marg{end value}}
- The \meta{name} must be the name of a counter or a dimension.
- It will be varied between two values. For the slides in the
- specified range, the counter or dimension is set to an interpolated
- value that depends on the current slide number. On slides before the
- \meta{start slide}, the counter or dimension is set to \meta{start
- value}; on the slides after the \meta{end slide} it is set to
- \meta{end value}.
- \example
-\begin{verbatim}
-\newcount\opaqueness
-\begin{frame}
- \animate<2-10>
- \animatevalue<1-10>{\opaqueness}{100}{0}
- \begin{colormixin}{\the\opaqueness!averagebackgroundcolor}
- \frametitle{Fadeout Frame}
-
- This text (and all other frame content) will fade out when the
- second slide is shown. This even works with
- {\color{green!90!black}colored} \alert{text}.
- \end{colormixin}
-\end{frame}
-
-\newcount\opaqueness
-\newdimen\offset
-\begin{frame}
- \frametitle{Flying Theorems (You Really Shouldn't!)}
-
- \animate<2-14>
-
- \animatevalue<1-15>{\opaqueness}{100}{0}
- \animatevalue<1-15>{\offset}{0cm}{-5cm}
- \begin{colormixin}{\the\opaqueness!averagebackgroundcolor}
- \hskip\offset
- \begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
- \begin{theorem}
- This theorem flies out.
- \end{theorem}
- \end{minipage}
- \end{colormixin}
-
- \animatevalue<1-15>{\opaqueness}{0}{100}
- \animatevalue<1-15>{\offset}{-5cm}{0cm}
- \begin{colormixin}{\the\opaqueness!averagebackgroundcolor}
- \hskip\offset
- \begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
- \begin{theorem}
- This theorem flies in.
- \end{theorem}
- \end{minipage}
- \end{colormixin}
-\end{frame}
-\end{verbatim}
-
- \articlenote
- This command is ignored in |article| mode.
-\end{command}
-
-If your animation ``graphics'' reside in individual external graphic
-files, you might also consider using the |\multiinclude| command,
-which is explained in Section~\ref{section-mpmulti}, together with
-|\animate|. For example, you might create an animation like this,
-assuming you have created graphic files named |animation.1| through to
-|animation.10|:
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-\begin{frame}
- \animate<2-9>
- \multiinclude[start=1]{animation}
-\end{frame}
-\end{verbatim}
-
-
-
-
-\subsubsection{Including External Animations Residing in Multiple
- Image Files}
-\label{section-xmpmulti}
-\label{section-mpmulti}
-
-Some animations reside in external files in the following way: For
-each stage of the animation there is an image file containing
-an image for this stage. You can include such a series of images
-conveniently by using the style |mpmulti.sty| from the ppower4
-package. This style, written by Klaus Guntermann,
-introduces a command called |\multiinclude| that takes the base name
-of a graphic file like |mygraphic| and will then search for files
-called |mygraphic.0|, |mygraphic.1|, and so on, till no more files are
-found. It will then include these graphics files using the
-|\includegraphics| command, but will put these graphics ``on top of
-each other.'' Furthermore, and this is the important part,
-it inserts a |\pause| command after each graphic. This command is
-defined in the ppower4 package and has the same effect as the |\pause|
-command of \beamer. For this reason, both ppower4 and also \beamer\
-will first display the basic graphic and will then additionally show
-the next graphic on each slide.
-
-If you try to use |mpmulti.sty| directly, you will run into the
-problem that it includes a file called |pause.sty|, which is part of
-the ppower4 package.
-
-You might also consider using the style |xmpmulti.sty| that comes with
-\beamer. This file is mainly identical to |mpmulti|, except for two
-differences: First, it does not include |pause.sty|, a style that
-conceptually clashes with \beamer, although \beamer\ contains a
-workaround that sidesteps the problem. Second, it extends the
-|\multiinclude| command by allowing a special default overlay
-specification to be given. The effect of this is explained below.
-
-\begin{package}{{xmpmulti}}
- Defines the command |\multiinclude|. The code of this package is
- due to Klaus Guntermann with some additions of mine. It can used
- together with \beamer\ and with ppower4, i.\,e., it can be used as a
- replacement for |mpmulti| if the |pause| package is also included in
- a ppower4-presentation.
-\end{package}
-
-\begin{command}{\multiinclude\opt{|[<|\meta{default overlay
- specification}|>]|}\oarg{options}\marg{base file name}}
- Except for the possibility of specifying a \meta{default overlay
- specification}, this command is identical to the |\multiinclude|
- command from the ppower4 package.
-
- If no overlay specification is given, the command will search for
- files called \meta{base file name}|.|\meta{number} for increasing
- numbers \meta{number}, starting with zero. As long as it finds these
- files, it issues an |\includegraphics| command on them. The files
- following the first one are put ``on top'' of the first one. Between
- any two invocations of |\includegraphics|, a |\pause| command is
- inserted. You can modify this behaviour is different ways by given
- suitable \meta{options}, see below.
-
- \example Assume that MetaPost has created files called |gra.0|,
- |gra.1|, and |gra.2|. You can then create frame consisting of three
- slides that incrementally show the graphic as follows:
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-\begin{frame}
- \multiinclude{gra}
-\end{frame}
-\end{verbatim}
-
- The effect of providing a \meta{default overlay specification} is
- the following: First, no |\pause| command is inserted between
- graphics. Instead, each graphic is surrounded by an |actionenv|
- environment with the overlay specification set to \meta{default
- overlay specification}.
-
- \example You can create the same effect as in the previous example
- using |\multiinclude[<+->]{gra}|.
-
- \example For a more interesting usage of the \meta{default overlay
- specification}, consider the following usage:
-\begin{verbatim}
-\multiinclude[<alert@+| +->]{gra}
-\end{verbatim}
- This will always paint the most recently added part of the graphic
- in red (assuming you do not use special colors in the graphic
- itself).
-
- \example In order to have each graphic completely \emph{replace} the
- previous one, you could use |\multiinclude[<+>]{gra}|.
-
- The following \meta{options} may be given (these are the same as for
- the original command from the ppower4 package):
- \begin{itemize}
- \item
- \declare{|pause=|\meta{command}} replaces the default pausing
- command |\pause| by \meta{command}. If a \meta{default overlay
- specification} is given, the default pausing command is empty;
- otherwise it is |\pause|. Note that commands like |\pauselevel|
- are not available in |\beamer|.
- \item
- \declare{|graphics=|\meta{options}} passes the \meta{options} to
- the |\includegraphics| command.
-
- \example |\multiinclude[graphics={height=5cm}]{gra}|
- \item
- \declare{|format=|\meta{extension}} will cause the file names for
- which we search change from \meta{base file name}|.|\meta{number}
- to \meta{base file name}|-|\meta{number}|.|\meta{extension}. Note
- the change from the dot to a hyphen. This option allows you to
- include, say, |.jpg| files.
- \item
- \declare{|start=|\meta{number}} specifies the start
- \meta{number}. The default is zero.
- \item
- \declare{|end=|\meta{number}} specifies the end
- \meta{number}. The default is infinity.
- \end{itemize}
-\end{command}
-
-Note that, if you do not use the |format=| option, the
-|\includegraphics| command will be somewhat at a loss in which format
-your graphic file actually is. After all, it end with the cryptic
-``format suffix'' |.0| or |.1|. You can tell |\includegraphics| that
-any file having a suffix it knows nothing about is actually in format,
-say, |.mps|, using the following command:
-\begin{verbatim}
-\DeclareGraphicsRule{*}{mps}{*}{}
-\end{verbatim}
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-\subsection{Sounds}
-\label{section-sound}
-You can include sounds in a presentation. Such sound can be played
-when you open a slide or when a certain button is clicked. The
-commands for including sounds are defined in the package |multimedia|,
-which is introduced in Section~\ref{section-multimedia}.
-
-As was already pointed out in Section~\ref{section-multimedia}, a
-sound can be included in a \pdf\ presentation by treating it as a
-movie and using the |\movie| command. While this is perfectly
-sufficient in most cases, there are two cases where this approach is
-not satisfactory:
-\begin{enumerate}
-\item
- When a page is closed, any playing movie is immediately
- stopped. Thus, you cannot use the |\movie| command to create sounds
- that persist for a longer time.
-\item
- You cannot play two movies at the same time.
-\end{enumerate}
-
-The \pdf\ specification introduces special sound objects, which are
-treated quite differently from movie objects. You can create a sound
-object using the command |\sound|, which is somewhat similar to
-|\movie|. There also exists a |\hyperlinksound| command, which is
-similar to |\hyperlinkmovie|. While it is conceptually better to use
-|\sound| for sounds, there are a number of this to consider before
-using it:
-\begin{itemize}
-\item
- Several sounds \emph{can} be played at the same time. In particular,
- it is possible to play a general sound in parallel to a (hopefully
- silent) movie.
-\item
- A sound playback \emph{can} persist after the current page is closed
- (though it need not).
-\item
- The data of a sound file \emph{can} be completely embedded in a
- \pdf\ file, obliberating the need to ``carry around'' other files.
-\item
- The sound objects do \emph{not} work together with |dvips| and
- |ps2pdf|. They only work with |pdflatex|.
-\item
- There is much less control over what part of a sound should be
- played. In particular, no control bar is shown and you can
- specify neither the start time nor the duration.
-\item
- A bug in some versions of the Acrobat Reader makes it necessary to
- provide very exact details on the encoding of the sound file. You
- have to provide the sampling rate, the number of channels (mono or
- stereo), the number of bits per sample, and the sample encoding
- method (raw, signed, Alaw or $\mu$law). If you do not know this data
- or provide it incorrectly, the sound will be played incorrectly.
-\item
- It seems that you can only include uncompressed sound data,
- which can easily become huge. This is not required by the
- specification, but I have been unable to make the Acrobat Reader
- play any compressed data. Data formats that \emph{do} work are
- |.aif| and |.au|.
-\end{itemize}
-
-
-\begin{command}{\sound\oarg{options}\marg{sound poster text}\marg{sound
- filename}}
- This command will insert the sound with the filename \meta{sound
- filename} into the \pdf\ file. As for |\movie|, the file must be
- accessible when the sound is to be played. Unlike |\movie|, you can
- however use the option |inlinesound| to actually embed the sound
- data in the \pdf\ file.
-
- Also as for a movie, the \meta{sound poster text} will be be put in
- a box that, when clicked on, will start playing the movie. However,
- you might also leave this box empty and only use the |autostart|
- option. Once playback of a sound has started, it can only be stopped
- by starting the playback of a different sound or by use of the
- |\hyperlinkmute| command.
-
- The supported sound formats depend on the viewer application. My
- version of the Acrobat Reader supports |.aif| and |.au|. I also need
- to specify information like the sampling rate, even though this
- information could be extracted from the sound file and even though
- the \pdf\ standard specifies that the viewer application should do
- so. In this regard, my version of the Acrobat Reader seems to be
- non-standard-conforming.
-
- This command only works together with |pdflatex|. If you use
- |dvips|, the poster is still shown, but clicking it has no effect
- and no sound is embedded in any way.
-
- \example
- |\sound[autostart,samplingrate=22050]{}{applause.au}|
-
- The following \meta{options} may be given:
- \begin{itemize}
- \item
- \declare{|autostart|}. Causes the sound to start playing immediately
- when the page is shown.
- \item
- \declare{|automute|}. Causes all sounds to be muted when the current
- page is left.
- \item
- \declare{|bitspersample=|}\meta{8 or 16}. Specifies the number of
- bits per sample in the sound file. If this number is 16, this
- option need not be specified.
- \item
- \declare{|channels=|}\meta{1 or 2}. Specifies whether the sound is
- mono or stereo. If the sound is mono, this option need not be specified.
- \item
- \declare{|depth=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension}. Overrides the depth of the
- \meta{sound poster text} box and sets it to the given dimension.
- \item
- \declare{|encoding=|}\meta{method}. Specifies the encoding method,
- which may be |Raw|, |Signed|, |muLaw|, or |ALaw|. If the method is
- |muLaw|, this option need not be specified.
- \item
- \declare{|height=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension}. Overrides the height of the
- \meta{sound poster text} box and sets it to the given dimension.
- \item
- \declare{|inlinesound|} causes the sound data to be stored directly
- in the \pdf-file.
- \item
- \declare{|label=|}\meta{sound label}. Assigns a label to the sound
- such that it can later be referenced by the command
- |\hyperlinksound|, which can be used to start a sound. The
- \meta{sound label} is not a normal label.
- \item
- \declare{|loop|} or \declare{|repeat|}. Causes the sound to start
- again when the end has been reached.
- \item
- \declare{|mixsound=|}\meta{true or false}. If set to |true|, the
- sound is played in addition to any sound that is already
- playing. If set to |false| all other sounds (though not sound from
- movies) are stopped before the the sound is played. The default is
- |false|.
- \item
- \declare{|samplingrate=|}\meta{number}. Specifies the number of
- samples per second in the sound file. If this number is 44100,
- this option need not be specified.
- \item
- \declare{|width=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension} works like the |height|
- option, only for the width of the poster box.
- \end{itemize}
-
- \example The following example creates a ``background sound'' for
- the slide, assuming that |applause.au| is encoded correctly (44100
- samples per second, mono, $\mu$law encoded, 16 bits per sample).
-\begin{verbatim}
-\sound[autostart]{}{applause.au}
-\end{verbatim}
-\end{command}
-
-Just like movies, sounds can also serve as destinations of special
-sound hyperlinks.
-
-\begin{command}{\hyperlinksound\oarg{options}\marg{sound
- label}\marg{text}}
- Causes the \meta{text} to become a sound hyperlink. When you click
- on the \meta{text}, the sound with the label \meta{sound label} will
- start to play.
-
- The following \meta{options} may be given:
- \begin{itemize}
- \item
- \declare{|loop|} or \declare{|repeat|}. Causes the sound to start
- again when the end has been reached.
- \item
- \declare{|mixsound=|}\meta{true or false}. If set to |true|, the
- sound is played in addition to any sound that is already
- playing. If set to |false| all other sounds (though not sound from
- movies) is stopped before the the sound is played. The default is
- |false|.
- \end{itemize}
-\end{command}
-
-Since there is no direct way of stopping the playback of a sound, the
-following command is useful:
-
-
-\begin{command}{\hyperlinkmute\marg{text}}
- Causes the \meta{text} to become a hyperlink that, when clicked,
- stops the playback of all sounds.
-\end{command}
-
-
-
-
-\subsection{Slide Transitions}
-
-\textsc{pdf} in general, and the Acrobat Reader in particular, offer a
-standardized way of defining \emph{slide transitions}. Such a
-transition is a visual effect that is used to show the slide. For
-example, instead of just showing the slide immediately, whatever was
-shown before might slowly ``dissolve'' and be replaced by the slide's
-content.
-
-There are a number of commands that can be used to specify what effect
-should be used when the current slide is presented. Consider the
-following example:
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-\frame{\pgfuseimage{youngboy}}
-\frame{
- \transdissolve
- \pgfuseimage{man}
-}
-\end{verbatim}
-The command |\transdissolve| causes the slide of the
-second frame to be shown in a ``dissolved way.'' Note that the
-dissolving is a property of the second frame, not of the first one. We
-could have placed the command anywhere on the frame.
-
-The transition commands are overlay-specification-aware. We could
-collapse the two frames into one frame like this:
-\begin{verbatim}
-\begin{frame}
- \only<1>{\pgfuseimage{youngboy}}
- \only<2>{\pgfuseimage{man}}
- \transdissolve<2>
-\end{frame}
-\end{verbatim}
-This states that on the first slide the young boy should be shown, on
-the second slide the old man should be shown, and when the second
-slide is shown, it should be shown in a ``dissolved way.''
-
-In the following, the different commands for creating transitional
-effects are listed. All of them take an optional argument that may
-contain a list of \meta{key}|=|\meta{value} pairs. The following
-options are possible:
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\item
- |duration=|\meta{seconds}. Specifies the number of \meta{seconds}
- the transition effect needs. Default is one second, but often a
- shorter one (like 0.2 seconds) is more appropriate. Viewer
- applications, especially Acrobat, may interpret this option in
- slightly strange ways.
-\item
- |direction=|\meta{degree}. For ``directed'' effects, this option
- specifies the effect's direction. Allowed values are |0|, |90|,
- |180|, |270|, and for the glitter effect also |315|.
-\end{itemize}
-
-\articlenote
-All of these commands are ignored in |article| mode.
-
-\lyxnote
-You must insert these commands using \TeX-mode.
-
-\begin{command}{\transblindshorizontal\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}}
- Show the slide as if horizontal blinds where pulled away.
- \example|\transblindshorizontal|
-\end{command}
-
-\begin{command}{\transblindsvertical\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}}
- Show the slide as if vertical blinds where pulled away.
- \example|\transblindsvertical<2,3>|
-\end{command}
-
-\begin{command}{\transboxin\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}}
- Show the slide by moving to the center from all four sides.
- \example|\transboxin<1>|
-\end{command}
-
-\begin{command}{\transboxout\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}}
- Show the slide by showing more and more of a rectangular area that
- is centered on the slide center.
- \example|\transboxout|
-\end{command}
-
-\begin{command}{\transdissolve\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}}
- Show the slide by slowly dissolving what was shown before.
- \example|\transdissolve[duration=0.2]|
-\end{command}
-
-\begin{command}{\transglitter\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}}
- Show the slide with a glitter effect that sweeps in the specified
- direction.
- \example|\transglitter<2-3>[direction=90]|
-\end{command}
-
-\begin{command}{\transsplitverticalin\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}}
- Show the slide by sweeping two vertical lines from the sides inward.
- \example|\transsplitverticalin|
-\end{command}
-
-\begin{command}{\transsplitverticalout\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}}
- Show the slide by sweeping two vertical lines from the center outward.
- \example|\transsplitverticalout|
-\end{command}
-
-\begin{command}{\transsplithorizontalin\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}}
- Show the slide by sweeping two horizontal lines from the sides inward.
- \example|\transsplithorizontalin|
-\end{command}
-
-\begin{command}{\transsplithorizontalout\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}}
- Show the slide by sweeping two horizontal lines from the center outward.
- \example|\transsplithorizontalout|
-\end{command}
-
-\begin{command}{\transwipe\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}}
- Show the slide by sweeping a single line in the specified direction,
- thereby ``wiping out'' the previous contents.
- \example|\transwipe[direction=90]|
-\end{command}
-
-
-You can also specify how \emph{long} a given slide should be shown,
-using the following overlay-specification-aware command:
-
-\begin{command}{\transduration\sarg{overlay specification}\marg{number of seconds}}
- In full screen mode, show the slide for \meta{number of seconds}.
- In zero is specified, the slide is shown as short as possible. This
- can be used to create interesting pseudo-animations.
- \example|\transduration<2>{1}|
-\end{command}
-
-
-
-
-%%% Local Variables:
-%%% mode: latex
-%%% TeX-master: "beameruserguide"
-%%% End: