summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/systems/texlive/tlnet/tlpkg/tlperl/lib/File/Fetch.pm
blob: 76c641d2e7b6da848a578ccc103c8768fae9e09c (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
package File::Fetch;

use strict;
use FileHandle;
use File::Temp;
use File::Copy;
use File::Spec;
use File::Spec::Unix;
use File::Basename              qw[dirname];

use Cwd                         qw[cwd];
use Carp                        qw[carp];
use IPC::Cmd                    qw[can_run run QUOTE];
use File::Path                  qw[mkpath];
use File::Temp                  qw[tempdir];
use Params::Check               qw[check];
use Module::Load::Conditional   qw[can_load];
use Locale::Maketext::Simple    Style => 'gettext';

use vars    qw[ $VERBOSE $PREFER_BIN $FROM_EMAIL $USER_AGENT
                $BLACKLIST $METHOD_FAIL $VERSION $METHODS
                $FTP_PASSIVE $TIMEOUT $DEBUG $WARN $FORCEIPV4
            ];

$VERSION        = '1.00';
$VERSION        = eval $VERSION;    # avoid warnings with development releases
$PREFER_BIN     = 0;                # XXX TODO implement
$FROM_EMAIL     = 'File-Fetch@example.com';
$USER_AGENT     = "File::Fetch/$VERSION";
$BLACKLIST      = [qw|ftp|];
push @$BLACKLIST, qw|lftp| if $^O eq 'dragonfly' || $^O eq 'hpux';
$METHOD_FAIL    = { };
$FTP_PASSIVE    = 1;
$TIMEOUT        = 0;
$DEBUG          = 0;
$WARN           = 1;
$FORCEIPV4      = 0;

### methods available to fetch the file depending on the scheme
$METHODS = {
    http    => [ qw|lwp httptiny wget curl lftp fetch httplite lynx iosock| ],
    https   => [ qw|lwp wget curl| ],
    ftp     => [ qw|lwp netftp wget curl lftp fetch ncftp ftp| ],
    file    => [ qw|lwp lftp file| ],
    rsync   => [ qw|rsync| ],
    git     => [ qw|git| ],
};

### silly warnings ###
local $Params::Check::VERBOSE               = 1;
local $Params::Check::VERBOSE               = 1;
local $Module::Load::Conditional::VERBOSE   = 0;
local $Module::Load::Conditional::VERBOSE   = 0;

### see what OS we are on, important for file:// uris ###
use constant ON_WIN     => ($^O eq 'MSWin32');
use constant ON_VMS     => ($^O eq 'VMS');
use constant ON_UNIX    => (!ON_WIN);
use constant HAS_VOL    => (ON_WIN);
use constant HAS_SHARE  => (ON_WIN);
use constant HAS_FETCH  => ( $^O =~ m!^(freebsd|netbsd|dragonfly)$! );

=pod

=head1 NAME

File::Fetch - A generic file fetching mechanism

=head1 SYNOPSIS

    use File::Fetch;

    ### build a File::Fetch object ###
    my $ff = File::Fetch->new(uri => 'http://some.where.com/dir/a.txt');

    ### fetch the uri to cwd() ###
    my $where = $ff->fetch() or die $ff->error;

    ### fetch the uri to /tmp ###
    my $where = $ff->fetch( to => '/tmp' );

    ### parsed bits from the uri ###
    $ff->uri;
    $ff->scheme;
    $ff->host;
    $ff->path;
    $ff->file;

=head1 DESCRIPTION

File::Fetch is a generic file fetching mechanism.

It allows you to fetch any file pointed to by a C<ftp>, C<http>,
C<file>, C<git> or C<rsync> uri by a number of different means.

See the C<HOW IT WORKS> section further down for details.

=head1 ACCESSORS

A C<File::Fetch> object has the following accessors

=over 4

=item $ff->uri

The uri you passed to the constructor

=item $ff->scheme

The scheme from the uri (like 'file', 'http', etc)

=item $ff->host

The hostname in the uri.  Will be empty if host was originally
'localhost' for a 'file://' url.

=item $ff->vol

On operating systems with the concept of a volume the second element
of a file:// is considered to the be volume specification for the file.
Thus on Win32 this routine returns the volume, on other operating
systems this returns nothing.

On Windows this value may be empty if the uri is to a network share, in
which case the 'share' property will be defined. Additionally, volume
specifications that use '|' as ':' will be converted on read to use ':'.

On VMS, which has a volume concept, this field will be empty because VMS
file specifications are converted to absolute UNIX format and the volume
information is transparently included.

=item $ff->share

On systems with the concept of a network share (currently only Windows) returns
the sharename from a file://// url.  On other operating systems returns empty.

=item $ff->path

The path from the uri, will be at least a single '/'.

=item $ff->file

The name of the remote file. For the local file name, the
result of $ff->output_file will be used.

=item $ff->file_default

The name of the default local file, that $ff->output_file falls back to if
it would otherwise return no filename. For example when fetching a URI like
http://www.abc.net.au/ the contents retrieved may be from a remote file called
'index.html'. The default value of this attribute is literally 'file_default'.

=cut


##########################
### Object & Accessors ###
##########################

{
    ### template for autogenerated accessors ###
    my $Tmpl = {
        scheme          => { default => 'http' },
        host            => { default => 'localhost' },
        path            => { default => '/' },
        file            => { required => 1 },
        uri             => { required => 1 },
        userinfo        => { default => '' },
        vol             => { default => '' }, # windows for file:// uris
        share           => { default => '' }, # windows for file:// uris
        file_default    => { default => 'file_default' },
        tempdir_root    => { required => 1 }, # Should be lazy-set at ->new()
        _error_msg      => { no_override => 1 },
        _error_msg_long => { no_override => 1 },
    };

    for my $method ( keys %$Tmpl ) {
        no strict 'refs';
        *$method = sub {
                        my $self = shift;
                        $self->{$method} = $_[0] if @_;
                        return $self->{$method};
                    }
    }

    sub _create {
        my $class = shift;
        my %hash  = @_;

        my $args = check( $Tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

        bless $args, $class;

        if( lc($args->scheme) ne 'file' and not $args->host ) {
            return $class->_error(loc(
                "Hostname required when fetching from '%1'",$args->scheme));
        }

        for (qw[path]) {
            unless( $args->$_() ) { # 5.5.x needs the ()
                return $class->_error(loc("No '%1' specified",$_));
            }
        }

        return $args;
    }
}

=item $ff->output_file

The name of the output file. This is the same as $ff->file,
but any query parameters are stripped off. For example:

    http://example.com/index.html?x=y

would make the output file be C<index.html> rather than
C<index.html?x=y>.

=back

=cut

sub output_file {
    my $self = shift;
    my $file = $self->file;

    $file =~ s/\?.*$//g;

    $file ||= $self->file_default;

    return $file;
}

### XXX do this or just point to URI::Escape?
# =head2 $esc_uri = $ff->escaped_uri
#
# =cut
#
# ### most of this is stolen straight from URI::escape
# {   ### Build a char->hex map
#     my %escapes = map { chr($_) => sprintf("%%%02X", $_) } 0..255;
#
#     sub escaped_uri {
#         my $self = shift;
#         my $uri  = $self->uri;
#
#         ### Default unsafe characters.  RFC 2732 ^(uric - reserved)
#         $uri =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'()])/
#                     $escapes{$1} || $self->_fail_hi($1)/ge;
#
#         return $uri;
#     }
#
#     sub _fail_hi {
#         my $self = shift;
#         my $char = shift;
#
#         $self->_error(loc(
#             "Can't escape '%1', try using the '%2' module instead",
#             sprintf("\\x{%04X}", ord($char)), 'URI::Escape'
#         ));
#     }
#
#     sub output_file {
#
#     }
#
#
# }

=head1 METHODS

=head2 $ff = File::Fetch->new( uri => 'http://some.where.com/dir/file.txt' );

Parses the uri and creates a corresponding File::Fetch::Item object,
that is ready to be C<fetch>ed and returns it.

Returns false on failure.

=cut

sub new {
    my $class = shift;
    my %hash  = @_;

    my ($uri, $file_default, $tempdir_root);
    my $tmpl = {
        uri          => { required => 1, store => \$uri },
        file_default => { required => 0, store => \$file_default },
        tempdir_root => { required => 0, store => \$tempdir_root },
    };

    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    ### parse the uri to usable parts ###
    my $href    = $class->_parse_uri( $uri ) or return;

    $href->{file_default} = $file_default if $file_default;
    $href->{tempdir_root} = File::Spec->rel2abs( $tempdir_root ) if $tempdir_root;
    $href->{tempdir_root} = File::Spec->rel2abs( Cwd::cwd      ) if not $href->{tempdir_root};

    ### make it into a FFI object ###
    my $ff      = $class->_create( %$href ) or return;


    ### return the object ###
    return $ff;
}

### parses an uri to a hash structure:
###
### $class->_parse_uri( 'ftp://ftp.cpan.org/pub/mirror/index.txt' )
###
### becomes:
###
### $href = {
###     scheme  => 'ftp',
###     host    => 'ftp.cpan.org',
###     path    => '/pub/mirror',
###     file    => 'index.html'
### };
###
### In the case of file:// urls there maybe be additional fields
###
### For systems with volume specifications such as Win32 there will be
### a volume specifier provided in the 'vol' field.
###
###   'vol' => 'volumename'
###
### For windows file shares there may be a 'share' key specified
###
###   'share' => 'sharename'
###
### Note that the rules of what a file:// url means vary by the operating system
### of the host being addressed. Thus file:///d|/foo/bar.txt means the obvious
### 'D:\foo\bar.txt' on windows, but on unix it means '/d|/foo/bar.txt' and
### not '/foo/bar.txt'
###
### Similarly if the host interpreting the url is VMS then
### file:///disk$user/my/notes/note12345.txt' means
### 'DISK$USER:[MY.NOTES]NOTE123456.TXT' but will be returned the same as
### if it is unix where it means /disk$user/my/notes/note12345.txt'.
### Except for some cases in the File::Spec methods, Perl on VMS will generally
### handle UNIX format file specifications.
###
### This means it is impossible to serve certain file:// urls on certain systems.
###
### Thus are the problems with a protocol-less specification. :-(
###

sub _parse_uri {
    my $self = shift;
    my $uri  = shift or return;

    my $href = { uri => $uri };

    ### find the scheme ###
    $uri            =~ s|^(\w+)://||;
    $href->{scheme} = $1;

    ### See rfc 1738 section 3.10
    ### http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1738.html
    ### And wikipedia for more on windows file:// urls
    ### http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File://
    if( $href->{scheme} eq 'file' ) {

        my @parts = split '/',$uri;

        ### file://hostname/...
        ### file://hostname/...
        ### normalize file://localhost with file:///
        $href->{host} = $parts[0] || '';

        ### index in @parts where the path components begin;
        my $index = 1;

        ### file:////hostname/sharename/blah.txt
        if ( HAS_SHARE and not length $parts[0] and not length $parts[1] ) {

            $href->{host}   = $parts[2] || '';  # avoid warnings
            $href->{share}  = $parts[3] || '';  # avoid warnings

            $index          = 4         # index after the share

        ### file:///D|/blah.txt
        ### file:///D:/blah.txt
        } elsif (HAS_VOL) {

            ### this code comes from dmq's patch, but:
            ### XXX if volume is empty, wouldn't that be an error? --kane
            ### if so, our file://localhost test needs to be fixed as wel
            $href->{vol}    = $parts[1] || '';

            ### correct D| style colume descriptors
            $href->{vol}    =~ s/\A([A-Z])\|\z/$1:/i if ON_WIN;

            $index          = 2;        # index after the volume
        }

        ### rebuild the path from the leftover parts;
        $href->{path} = join '/', '', splice( @parts, $index, $#parts );

    } else {
        ### using anything but qw() in hash slices may produce warnings
        ### in older perls :-(
        @{$href}{ qw(userinfo host path) } = $uri =~ m|(?:([^\@:]*:[^\:\@]*)@)?([^/]*)(/.*)$|s;
    }

    ### split the path into file + dir ###
    {   my @parts = File::Spec::Unix->splitpath( delete $href->{path} );
        $href->{path} = $parts[1];
        $href->{file} = $parts[2];
    }

    ### host will be empty if the target was 'localhost' and the
    ### scheme was 'file'
    $href->{host} = '' if   ($href->{host}      eq 'localhost') and
                            ($href->{scheme}    eq 'file');

    return $href;
}

=head2 $where = $ff->fetch( [to => /my/output/dir/ | \$scalar] )

Fetches the file you requested and returns the full path to the file.

By default it writes to C<cwd()>, but you can override that by specifying
the C<to> argument:

    ### file fetch to /tmp, full path to the file in $where
    $where = $ff->fetch( to => '/tmp' );

    ### file slurped into $scalar, full path to the file in $where
    ### file is downloaded to a temp directory and cleaned up at exit time
    $where = $ff->fetch( to => \$scalar );

Returns the full path to the downloaded file on success, and false
on failure.

=cut

sub fetch {
    my $self = shift or return;
    my %hash = @_;

    my $target;
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { default => cwd(), store => \$target },
    };

    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    my ($to, $fh);
    ### you want us to slurp the contents
    if( ref $target and UNIVERSAL::isa( $target, 'SCALAR' ) ) {
        $to = tempdir( 'FileFetch.XXXXXX', DIR => $self->tempdir_root, CLEANUP => 1 );

    ### plain old fetch
    } else {
        $to = $target;

        ### On VMS force to VMS format so File::Spec will work.
        $to = VMS::Filespec::vmspath($to) if ON_VMS;

        ### create the path if it doesn't exist yet ###
        unless( -d $to ) {
            eval { mkpath( $to ) };

            return $self->_error(loc("Could not create path '%1'",$to)) if $@;
        }
    }

    ### set passive ftp if required ###
    local $ENV{FTP_PASSIVE} = $FTP_PASSIVE;

    ### we dont use catfile on win32 because if we are using a cygwin tool
    ### under cmd.exe they wont understand windows style separators.
    my $out_to = ON_WIN ? $to.'/'.$self->output_file
                        : File::Spec->catfile( $to, $self->output_file );

    for my $method ( @{ $METHODS->{$self->scheme} } ) {
        my $sub =  '_'.$method.'_fetch';

        unless( __PACKAGE__->can($sub) ) {
            $self->_error(loc("Cannot call method for '%1' -- WEIRD!",
                        $method));
            next;
        }

        ### method is blacklisted ###
        next if grep { lc $_ eq $method } @$BLACKLIST;

        ### method is known to fail ###
        next if $METHOD_FAIL->{$method};

        ### there's serious issues with IPC::Run and quoting of command
        ### line arguments. using quotes in the wrong place breaks things,
        ### and in the case of say,
        ### C:\cygwin\bin\wget.EXE --quiet --passive-ftp --output-document
        ### "index.html" "http://www.cpan.org/index.html?q=1&y=2"
        ### it doesn't matter how you quote, it always fails.
        local $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN = 0;

        if( my $file = $self->$sub(
                        to => $out_to
        )){

            unless( -e $file && -s _ ) {
                $self->_error(loc("'%1' said it fetched '%2', ".
                     "but it was not created",$method,$file));

                ### mark the failure ###
                $METHOD_FAIL->{$method} = 1;

                next;

            } else {

                ### slurp mode?
                if( ref $target and UNIVERSAL::isa( $target, 'SCALAR' ) ) {

                    ### open the file
                    open my $fh, "<$file" or do {
                        $self->_error(
                            loc("Could not open '%1': %2", $file, $!));
                        return;
                    };

                    ### slurp
                    $$target = do { local $/; <$fh> };

                }

                my $abs = File::Spec->rel2abs( $file );
                return $abs;

            }
        }
    }


    ### if we got here, we looped over all methods, but we weren't able
    ### to fetch it.
    return;
}

########################
### _*_fetch methods ###
########################

### LWP fetching ###
sub _lwp_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    ### modules required to download with lwp ###
    my $use_list = {
        LWP                 => '0.0',
        'LWP::UserAgent'    => '0.0',
        'HTTP::Request'     => '0.0',
        'HTTP::Status'      => '0.0',
        URI                 => '0.0',

    };

    if ($self->scheme eq 'https') {
        $use_list->{'LWP::Protocol::https'} = '0';
    }

    ### Fix CVE-2016-1238 ###
    local $Module::Load::Conditional::FORCE_SAFE_INC = 1;
    unless( can_load( modules => $use_list ) ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'lwp'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    ### setup the uri object
    my $uri = URI->new( File::Spec::Unix->catfile(
                                $self->path, $self->file
                    ) );

    ### special rules apply for file:// uris ###
    $uri->scheme( $self->scheme );
    $uri->host( $self->scheme eq 'file' ? '' : $self->host );

    if ($self->userinfo) {
        $uri->userinfo($self->userinfo);
    } elsif ($self->scheme ne 'file') {
        $uri->userinfo("anonymous:$FROM_EMAIL");
    }

    ### set up the useragent object
    my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new();
    $ua->timeout( $TIMEOUT ) if $TIMEOUT;
    $ua->agent( $USER_AGENT );
    $ua->from( $FROM_EMAIL );
    $ua->env_proxy;

    my $res = $ua->mirror($uri, $to) or return;

    ### uptodate or fetched ok ###
    if ( $res->code == 304 or $res->code == 200 ) {
        return $to;

    } else {
        return $self->_error(loc("Fetch failed! HTTP response: %1 %2 [%3]",
                    $res->code, HTTP::Status::status_message($res->code),
                    $res->status_line));
    }

}

### HTTP::Tiny fetching ###
sub _httptiny_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    my $use_list = {
        'HTTP::Tiny'    => '0.008',

    };

    ### Fix CVE-2016-1238 ###
    local $Module::Load::Conditional::FORCE_SAFE_INC = 1;
    unless( can_load(modules => $use_list) ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'httptiny'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    my $uri = $self->uri;

    my $http = HTTP::Tiny->new( ( $TIMEOUT ? ( timeout => $TIMEOUT ) : () ) );

    my $rc = $http->mirror( $uri, $to );

    unless ( $rc->{success} ) {

        return $self->_error(loc( "Fetch failed! HTTP response: %1 [%2]",
                    $rc->{status}, $rc->{reason} ) );

    }

    return $to;

}

### HTTP::Lite fetching ###
sub _httplite_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    ### modules required to download with lwp ###
    my $use_list = {
        'HTTP::Lite'    => '2.2',
        'MIME::Base64'  => '0',
    };

    ### Fix CVE-2016-1238 ###
    local $Module::Load::Conditional::FORCE_SAFE_INC = 1;
    unless( can_load(modules => $use_list) ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'httplite'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    my $uri = $self->uri;
    my $retries = 0;

    RETRIES: while ( $retries++ < 5 ) {

      my $http = HTTP::Lite->new();
      # Naughty naughty but there isn't any accessor/setter
      $http->{timeout} = $TIMEOUT if $TIMEOUT;
      $http->http11_mode(1);

      if ($self->userinfo) {
          my $encoded = MIME::Base64::encode($self->userinfo, '');
          $http->add_req_header("Authorization", "Basic $encoded");
      }

      my $fh = FileHandle->new;

      unless ( $fh->open($to,'>') ) {
        return $self->_error(loc(
             "Could not open '%1' for writing: %2",$to,$!));
      }

      $fh->autoflush(1);

      binmode $fh;

      my $rc = $http->request( $uri, sub { my ($self,$dref,$cbargs) = @_; local $\; print {$cbargs} $$dref }, $fh );

      close $fh;

      if ( $rc == 301 || $rc == 302 ) {
          my $loc;
          HEADERS: for ($http->headers_array) {
            /Location: (\S+)/ and $loc = $1, last HEADERS;
          }
          #$loc or last; # Think we should squeal here.
          if ($loc =~ m!^/!) {
            $uri =~ s{^(\w+?://[^/]+)/.*$}{$1};
            $uri .= $loc;
          }
          else {
            $uri = $loc;
          }
          next RETRIES;
      }
      elsif ( $rc == 200 ) {
          return $to;
      }
      else {
        return $self->_error(loc("Fetch failed! HTTP response: %1 [%2]",
                    $rc, $http->status_message));
      }

    } # Loop for 5 retries.

    return $self->_error("Fetch failed! Gave up after 5 tries");

}

### Simple IO::Socket::INET fetching ###
sub _iosock_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    my $use_list = {
        'IO::Socket::INET' => '0.0',
        'IO::Select'       => '0.0',
    };

    ### Fix CVE-2016-1238 ###
    local $Module::Load::Conditional::FORCE_SAFE_INC = 1;
    unless( can_load(modules => $use_list) ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'iosock'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    my $sock = IO::Socket::INET->new(
        PeerHost => $self->host,
        ( $self->host =~ /:/ ? () : ( PeerPort => 80 ) ),
    );

    unless ( $sock ) {
        return $self->_error(loc("Could not open socket to '%1', '%2'",$self->host,$!));
    }

    my $fh = FileHandle->new;

    # Check open()

    unless ( $fh->open($to,'>') ) {
        return $self->_error(loc(
             "Could not open '%1' for writing: %2",$to,$!));
    }

    $fh->autoflush(1);
    binmode $fh;

    my $path = File::Spec::Unix->catfile( $self->path, $self->file );
    my $req = "GET $path HTTP/1.0\x0d\x0aHost: " . $self->host . "\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a";
    $sock->send( $req );

    my $select = IO::Select->new( $sock );

    my $resp = '';
    my $normal = 0;
    while ( $select->can_read( $TIMEOUT || 60 ) ) {
      my $ret = $sock->sysread( $resp, 4096, length($resp) );
      if ( !defined $ret or $ret == 0 ) {
        $select->remove( $sock );
        $normal++;
      }
    }
    close $sock;

    unless ( $normal ) {
        return $self->_error(loc("Socket timed out after '%1' seconds", ( $TIMEOUT || 60 )));
    }

    # Check the "response"
    # Strip preceding blank lines apparently they are allowed (RFC 2616 4.1)
    $resp =~ s/^(\x0d?\x0a)+//;
    # Check it is an HTTP response
    unless ( $resp =~ m!^HTTP/(\d+)\.(\d+)!i ) {
        return $self->_error(loc("Did not get a HTTP response from '%1'",$self->host));
    }

    # Check for OK
    my ($code) = $resp =~ m!^HTTP/\d+\.\d+\s+(\d+)!i;
    unless ( $code eq '200' ) {
        return $self->_error(loc("Got a '%1' from '%2' expected '200'",$code,$self->host));
    }

    {
      local $\;
      print $fh +($resp =~ m/\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a(.*)$/s )[0];
    }
    close $fh;
    return $to;
}

### Net::FTP fetching
sub _netftp_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    ### required modules ###
    my $use_list = { 'Net::FTP' => 0 };

    ### Fix CVE-2016-1238 ###
    local $Module::Load::Conditional::FORCE_SAFE_INC = 1;
    unless( can_load( modules => $use_list ) ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'netftp'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    ### make connection ###
    my $ftp;
    my @options = ($self->host);
    push(@options, Timeout => $TIMEOUT) if $TIMEOUT;
    unless( $ftp = Net::FTP->new( @options ) ) {
        return $self->_error(loc("Ftp creation failed: %1",$@));
    }

    ### login ###
    unless( $ftp->login( anonymous => $FROM_EMAIL ) ) {
        return $self->_error(loc("Could not login to '%1'",$self->host));
    }

    ### set binary mode, just in case ###
    $ftp->binary;

    ### create the remote path
    ### remember remote paths are unix paths! [#11483]
    my $remote = File::Spec::Unix->catfile( $self->path, $self->file );

    ### fetch the file ###
    my $target;
    unless( $target = $ftp->get( $remote, $to ) ) {
        return $self->_error(loc("Could not fetch '%1' from '%2'",
                    $remote, $self->host));
    }

    ### log out ###
    $ftp->quit;

    return $target;

}

### /bin/wget fetch ###
sub _wget_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    my $wget;
    ### see if we have a wget binary ###
    unless( $wget = can_run('wget') ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'wget'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    ### no verboseness, thanks ###
    my $cmd = [ $wget, '--quiet' ];

    ### if a timeout is set, add it ###
    push(@$cmd, '--timeout=' . $TIMEOUT) if $TIMEOUT;

    ### run passive if specified ###
    push @$cmd, '--passive-ftp' if $FTP_PASSIVE;

    ### set the output document, add the uri ###
    push @$cmd, '--output-document', $to, $self->uri;

    ### with IPC::Cmd > 0.41, this is fixed in teh library,
    ### and there's no need for special casing any more.
    ### DO NOT quote things for IPC::Run, it breaks stuff.
    # $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
    #    ? ($to, $self->uri)
    #    : (QUOTE. $to .QUOTE, QUOTE. $self->uri .QUOTE);

    ### shell out ###
    my $captured;
    unless(run( command => $cmd,
                buffer  => \$captured,
                verbose => $DEBUG
    )) {
        ### wget creates the output document always, even if the fetch
        ### fails.. so unlink it in that case
        1 while unlink $to;

        return $self->_error(loc( "Command failed: %1", $captured || '' ));
    }

    return $to;
}

### /bin/lftp fetch ###
sub _lftp_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    ### see if we have a lftp binary ###
    my $lftp;
    unless( $lftp = can_run('lftp') ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'lftp'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    ### no verboseness, thanks ###
    my $cmd = [ $lftp, '-f' ];

    my $fh = File::Temp->new;

    my $str;

    ### if a timeout is set, add it ###
    $str .= "set net:timeout $TIMEOUT;\n" if $TIMEOUT;

    ### run passive if specified ###
    $str .= "set ftp:passive-mode 1;\n" if $FTP_PASSIVE;

    ### set the output document, add the uri ###
    ### quote the URI, because lftp supports certain shell
    ### expansions, most notably & for backgrounding.
    ### ' quote does nto work, must be "
    $str .= q[get ']. $self->uri .q[' -o ]. $to . $/;

    if( $DEBUG ) {
        my $pp_str = join ' ', split $/, $str;
        print "# lftp command: $pp_str\n";
    }

    ### write straight to the file.
    $fh->autoflush(1);
    print $fh $str;

    ### the command needs to be 1 string to be executed
    push @$cmd, $fh->filename;

    ### with IPC::Cmd > 0.41, this is fixed in teh library,
    ### and there's no need for special casing any more.
    ### DO NOT quote things for IPC::Run, it breaks stuff.
    # $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
    #    ? ($to, $self->uri)
    #    : (QUOTE. $to .QUOTE, QUOTE. $self->uri .QUOTE);


    ### shell out ###
    my $captured;
    unless(run( command => $cmd,
                buffer  => \$captured,
                verbose => $DEBUG
    )) {
        ### wget creates the output document always, even if the fetch
        ### fails.. so unlink it in that case
        1 while unlink $to;

        return $self->_error(loc( "Command failed: %1", $captured || '' ));
    }

    return $to;
}



### /bin/ftp fetch ###
sub _ftp_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    ### see if we have a ftp binary ###
    my $ftp;
    unless( $ftp = can_run('ftp') ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'ftp'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    my $fh = FileHandle->new;

    local $SIG{CHLD} = 'IGNORE';

    unless ($fh->open("$ftp -n", '|-')) {
        return $self->_error(loc("%1 creation failed: %2", $ftp, $!));
    }

    my @dialog = (
        "lcd " . dirname($to),
        "open " . $self->host,
        "user anonymous $FROM_EMAIL",
        "cd /",
        "cd " . $self->path,
        "binary",
        "get " . $self->file . " " . $self->output_file,
        "quit",
    );

    foreach (@dialog) { $fh->print($_, "\n") }
    $fh->close or return;

    return $to;
}

### lynx is stupid - it decompresses any .gz file it finds to be text
### use /bin/lynx to fetch files
sub _lynx_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    ### see if we have a lynx binary ###
    my $lynx;
    unless ( $lynx = can_run('lynx') ){
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'lynx'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    unless( IPC::Cmd->can_capture_buffer ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'lynx'} = 1;

        return $self->_error(loc(
            "Can not capture buffers. Can not use '%1' to fetch files",
            'lynx' ));
    }

    ### check if the HTTP resource exists ###
    if ($self->uri =~ /^https?:\/\//i) {
        my $cmd = [
            $lynx,
            '-head',
            '-source',
            "-auth=anonymous:$FROM_EMAIL",
        ];

        push @$cmd, "-connect_timeout=$TIMEOUT" if $TIMEOUT;

        push @$cmd, $self->uri;

        ### shell out ###
        my $head;
        unless(run( command => $cmd,
                    buffer  => \$head,
                    verbose => $DEBUG )
        ) {
            return $self->_error(loc("Command failed: %1", $head || ''));
        }

        unless($head =~ /^HTTP\/\d+\.\d+ 200\b/) {
            return $self->_error(loc("Command failed: %1", $head || ''));
        }
    }

    ### write to the output file ourselves, since lynx ass_u_mes to much
    my $local = FileHandle->new( $to, 'w' )
                    or return $self->_error(loc(
                        "Could not open '%1' for writing: %2",$to,$!));

    ### dump to stdout ###
    my $cmd = [
        $lynx,
        '-source',
        "-auth=anonymous:$FROM_EMAIL",
    ];

    push @$cmd, "-connect_timeout=$TIMEOUT" if $TIMEOUT;

    ### DO NOT quote things for IPC::Run, it breaks stuff.
    push @$cmd, $self->uri;

    ### with IPC::Cmd > 0.41, this is fixed in teh library,
    ### and there's no need for special casing any more.
    ### DO NOT quote things for IPC::Run, it breaks stuff.
    # $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
    #    ? $self->uri
    #    : QUOTE. $self->uri .QUOTE;


    ### shell out ###
    my $captured;
    unless(run( command => $cmd,
                buffer  => \$captured,
                verbose => $DEBUG )
    ) {
        return $self->_error(loc("Command failed: %1", $captured || ''));
    }

    ### print to local file ###
    ### XXX on a 404 with a special error page, $captured will actually
    ### hold the contents of that page, and make it *appear* like the
    ### request was a success, when really it wasn't :(
    ### there doesn't seem to be an option for lynx to change the exit
    ### code based on a 4XX status or so.
    ### the closest we can come is using --error_file and parsing that,
    ### which is very unreliable ;(
    $local->print( $captured );
    $local->close or return;

    return $to;
}

### use /bin/ncftp to fetch files
sub _ncftp_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    ### we can only set passive mode in interactive sessions, so bail out
    ### if $FTP_PASSIVE is set
    return if $FTP_PASSIVE;

    ### see if we have a ncftp binary ###
    my $ncftp;
    unless( $ncftp = can_run('ncftp') ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'ncftp'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    my $cmd = [
        $ncftp,
        '-V',                   # do not be verbose
        '-p', $FROM_EMAIL,      # email as password
        $self->host,            # hostname
        dirname($to),           # local dir for the file
                                # remote path to the file
        ### DO NOT quote things for IPC::Run, it breaks stuff.
        $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
                    ? File::Spec::Unix->catdir( $self->path, $self->file )
                    : QUOTE. File::Spec::Unix->catdir(
                                    $self->path, $self->file ) .QUOTE

    ];

    ### shell out ###
    my $captured;
    unless(run( command => $cmd,
                buffer  => \$captured,
                verbose => $DEBUG )
    ) {
        return $self->_error(loc("Command failed: %1", $captured || ''));
    }

    return $to;

}

### use /bin/curl to fetch files
sub _curl_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;
    my $curl;
    unless ( $curl = can_run('curl') ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'curl'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    ### these long opts are self explanatory - I like that -jmb
    my $cmd = [ $curl, '-q' ];

    push(@$cmd, '-4') if $^O eq 'netbsd' && $FORCEIPV4; # only seen this on NetBSD so far

    push(@$cmd, '--connect-timeout', $TIMEOUT) if $TIMEOUT;

    push(@$cmd, '--silent') unless $DEBUG;

    ### curl does the right thing with passive, regardless ###
    if ($self->scheme eq 'ftp') {
        push(@$cmd, '--user', "anonymous:$FROM_EMAIL");
    }

    ### curl doesn't follow 302 (temporarily moved) etc automatically
    ### so we add --location to enable that.
    push @$cmd, '--fail', '--location', '--output', $to, $self->uri;

    ### with IPC::Cmd > 0.41, this is fixed in teh library,
    ### and there's no need for special casing any more.
    ### DO NOT quote things for IPC::Run, it breaks stuff.
    # $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
    #    ? ($to, $self->uri)
    #    : (QUOTE. $to .QUOTE, QUOTE. $self->uri .QUOTE);


    my $captured;
    unless(run( command => $cmd,
                buffer  => \$captured,
                verbose => $DEBUG )
    ) {

        return $self->_error(loc("Command failed: %1", $captured || ''));
    }

    return $to;

}

### /usr/bin/fetch fetch! ###
sub _fetch_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;

    ### see if we have a fetch binary ###
    my $fetch;
    unless( HAS_FETCH and $fetch = can_run('fetch') ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'fetch'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    ### no verboseness, thanks ###
    my $cmd = [ $fetch, '-q' ];

    ### if a timeout is set, add it ###
    push(@$cmd, '-T', $TIMEOUT) if $TIMEOUT;

    ### run passive if specified ###
    #push @$cmd, '-p' if $FTP_PASSIVE;
    local $ENV{'FTP_PASSIVE_MODE'} = 1 if $FTP_PASSIVE;

    ### set the output document, add the uri ###
    push @$cmd, '-o', $to, $self->uri;

    ### with IPC::Cmd > 0.41, this is fixed in teh library,
    ### and there's no need for special casing any more.
    ### DO NOT quote things for IPC::Run, it breaks stuff.
    # $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
    #    ? ($to, $self->uri)
    #    : (QUOTE. $to .QUOTE, QUOTE. $self->uri .QUOTE);

    ### shell out ###
    my $captured;
    unless(run( command => $cmd,
                buffer  => \$captured,
                verbose => $DEBUG
    )) {
        ### wget creates the output document always, even if the fetch
        ### fails.. so unlink it in that case
        1 while unlink $to;

        return $self->_error(loc( "Command failed: %1", $captured || '' ));
    }

    return $to;
}

### use File::Copy for fetching file:// urls ###
###
### See section 3.10 of RFC 1738 (http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1738.html)
### Also see wikipedia on file:// (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File://)
###

sub _file_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;



    ### prefix a / on unix systems with a file uri, since it would
    ### look somewhat like this:
    ###     file:///home/kane/file
    ### whereas windows file uris for 'c:\some\dir\file' might look like:
    ###     file:///C:/some/dir/file
    ###     file:///C|/some/dir/file
    ### or for a network share '\\host\share\some\dir\file':
    ###     file:////host/share/some/dir/file
    ###
    ### VMS file uri's for 'DISK$USER:[MY.NOTES]NOTE123456.TXT' might look like:
    ###     file://vms.host.edu/disk$user/my/notes/note12345.txt
    ###

    my $path    = $self->path;
    my $vol     = $self->vol;
    my $share   = $self->share;

    my $remote;
    if (!$share and $self->host) {
        return $self->_error(loc(
            "Currently %1 cannot handle hosts in %2 urls",
            'File::Fetch', 'file://'
        ));
    }

    if( $vol ) {
        $path   = File::Spec->catdir( split /\//, $path );
        $remote = File::Spec->catpath( $vol, $path, $self->file);

    } elsif( $share ) {
        ### win32 specific, and a share name, so we wont bother with File::Spec
        $path   =~ s|/+|\\|g;
        $remote = "\\\\".$self->host."\\$share\\$path";

    } else {
        ### File::Spec on VMS can not currently handle UNIX syntax.
        my $file_class = ON_VMS
            ? 'File::Spec::Unix'
            : 'File::Spec';

        $remote  = $file_class->catfile( $path, $self->file );
    }

    ### File::Copy is littered with 'die' statements :( ###
    my $rv = eval { File::Copy::copy( $remote, $to ) };

    ### something went wrong ###
    if( !$rv or $@ ) {
        return $self->_error(loc("Could not copy '%1' to '%2': %3 %4",
                             $remote, $to, $!, $@));
    }

    return $to;
}

### use /usr/bin/rsync to fetch files
sub _rsync_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;
    my $rsync;
    unless ( $rsync = can_run('rsync') ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'rsync'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    my $cmd = [ $rsync ];

    ### XXX: rsync has no I/O timeouts at all, by default
    push(@$cmd, '--timeout=' . $TIMEOUT) if $TIMEOUT;

    push(@$cmd, '--quiet') unless $DEBUG;

    ### DO NOT quote things for IPC::Run, it breaks stuff.
    push @$cmd, $self->uri, $to;

    ### with IPC::Cmd > 0.41, this is fixed in teh library,
    ### and there's no need for special casing any more.
    ### DO NOT quote things for IPC::Run, it breaks stuff.
    # $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
    #    ? ($to, $self->uri)
    #    : (QUOTE. $to .QUOTE, QUOTE. $self->uri .QUOTE);

    my $captured;
    unless(run( command => $cmd,
                buffer  => \$captured,
                verbose => $DEBUG )
    ) {

        return $self->_error(loc("Command %1 failed: %2",
            "@$cmd" || '', $captured || ''));
    }

    return $to;

}

### use git to fetch files
sub _git_fetch {
    my $self = shift;
    my %hash = @_;

    my ($to);
    my $tmpl = {
        to  => { required => 1, store => \$to }
    };
    check( $tmpl, \%hash ) or return;
    my $git;
    unless ( $git = can_run('git') ) {
        $METHOD_FAIL->{'git'} = 1;
        return;
    }

    my $cmd = [ $git, 'clone' ];

    #push(@$cmd, '--timeout=' . $TIMEOUT) if $TIMEOUT;

    push(@$cmd, '--quiet') unless $DEBUG;

    ### DO NOT quote things for IPC::Run, it breaks stuff.
    push @$cmd, $self->uri, $to;

    ### with IPC::Cmd > 0.41, this is fixed in teh library,
    ### and there's no need for special casing any more.
    ### DO NOT quote things for IPC::Run, it breaks stuff.
    # $IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
    #    ? ($to, $self->uri)
    #    : (QUOTE. $to .QUOTE, QUOTE. $self->uri .QUOTE);

    my $captured;
    unless(run( command => $cmd,
                buffer  => \$captured,
                verbose => $DEBUG )
    ) {

        return $self->_error(loc("Command %1 failed: %2",
            "@$cmd" || '', $captured || ''));
    }

    return $to;

}

#################################
#
# Error code
#
#################################

=pod

=head2 $ff->error([BOOL])

Returns the last encountered error as string.
Pass it a true value to get the C<Carp::longmess()> output instead.

=cut

### error handling the way Archive::Extract does it
sub _error {
    my $self    = shift;
    my $error   = shift;

    $self->_error_msg( $error );
    $self->_error_msg_long( Carp::longmess($error) );

    if( $WARN ) {
        carp $DEBUG ? $self->_error_msg_long : $self->_error_msg;
    }

    return;
}

sub error {
    my $self = shift;
    return shift() ? $self->_error_msg_long : $self->_error_msg;
}


1;

=pod

=head1 HOW IT WORKS

File::Fetch is able to fetch a variety of uris, by using several
external programs and modules.

Below is a mapping of what utilities will be used in what order
for what schemes, if available:

    file    => LWP, lftp, file
    http    => LWP, HTTP::Tiny, wget, curl, lftp, fetch, HTTP::Lite, lynx, iosock
    ftp     => LWP, Net::FTP, wget, curl, lftp, fetch, ncftp, ftp
    rsync   => rsync
    git     => git

If you'd like to disable the use of one or more of these utilities
and/or modules, see the C<$BLACKLIST> variable further down.

If a utility or module isn't available, it will be marked in a cache
(see the C<$METHOD_FAIL> variable further down), so it will not be
tried again. The C<fetch> method will only fail when all options are
exhausted, and it was not able to retrieve the file.

The C<fetch> utility is available on FreeBSD. NetBSD and Dragonfly BSD
may also have it from C<pkgsrc>. We only check for C<fetch> on those
three platforms.

C<iosock> is a very limited L<IO::Socket::INET> based mechanism for
retrieving C<http> schemed urls. It doesn't follow redirects for instance.

C<git> only supports C<git://> style urls.

A special note about fetching files from an ftp uri:

By default, all ftp connections are done in passive mode. To change
that, see the C<$FTP_PASSIVE> variable further down.

Furthermore, ftp uris only support anonymous connections, so no
named user/password pair can be passed along.

C</bin/ftp> is blacklisted by default; see the C<$BLACKLIST> variable
further down.

=head1 GLOBAL VARIABLES

The behaviour of File::Fetch can be altered by changing the following
global variables:

=head2 $File::Fetch::FROM_EMAIL

This is the email address that will be sent as your anonymous ftp
password.

Default is C<File-Fetch@example.com>.

=head2 $File::Fetch::USER_AGENT

This is the useragent as C<LWP> will report it.

Default is C<File::Fetch/$VERSION>.

=head2 $File::Fetch::FTP_PASSIVE

This variable controls whether the environment variable C<FTP_PASSIVE>
and any passive switches to commandline tools will be set to true.

Default value is 1.

Note: When $FTP_PASSIVE is true, C<ncftp> will not be used to fetch
files, since passive mode can only be set interactively for this binary

=head2 $File::Fetch::TIMEOUT

When set, controls the network timeout (counted in seconds).

Default value is 0.

=head2 $File::Fetch::WARN

This variable controls whether errors encountered internally by
C<File::Fetch> should be C<carp>'d or not.

Set to false to silence warnings. Inspect the output of the C<error()>
method manually to see what went wrong.

Defaults to C<true>.

=head2 $File::Fetch::DEBUG

This enables debugging output when calling commandline utilities to
fetch files.
This also enables C<Carp::longmess> errors, instead of the regular
C<carp> errors.

Good for tracking down why things don't work with your particular
setup.

Default is 0.

=head2 $File::Fetch::BLACKLIST

This is an array ref holding blacklisted modules/utilities for fetching
files with.

To disallow the use of, for example, C<LWP> and C<Net::FTP>, you could
set $File::Fetch::BLACKLIST to:

    $File::Fetch::BLACKLIST = [qw|lwp netftp|]

The default blacklist is [qw|ftp|], as C</bin/ftp> is rather unreliable.

See the note on C<MAPPING> below.

=head2 $File::Fetch::METHOD_FAIL

This is a hashref registering what modules/utilities were known to fail
for fetching files (mostly because they weren't installed).

You can reset this cache by assigning an empty hashref to it, or
individually remove keys.

See the note on C<MAPPING> below.

=head1 MAPPING


Here's a quick mapping for the utilities/modules, and their names for
the $BLACKLIST, $METHOD_FAIL and other internal functions.

    LWP         => lwp
    HTTP::Lite  => httplite
    HTTP::Tiny  => httptiny
    Net::FTP    => netftp
    wget        => wget
    lynx        => lynx
    ncftp       => ncftp
    ftp         => ftp
    curl        => curl
    rsync       => rsync
    lftp        => lftp
    fetch       => fetch
    IO::Socket  => iosock

=head1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

=head2 So how do I use a proxy with File::Fetch?

C<File::Fetch> currently only supports proxies with LWP::UserAgent.
You will need to set your environment variables accordingly. For
example, to use an ftp proxy:

    $ENV{ftp_proxy} = 'foo.com';

Refer to the LWP::UserAgent manpage for more details.

=head2 I used 'lynx' to fetch a file, but its contents is all wrong!

C<lynx> can only fetch remote files by dumping its contents to C<STDOUT>,
which we in turn capture. If that content is a 'custom' error file
(like, say, a C<404 handler>), you will get that contents instead.

Sadly, C<lynx> doesn't support any options to return a different exit
code on non-C<200 OK> status, giving us no way to tell the difference
between a 'successful' fetch and a custom error page.

Therefor, we recommend to only use C<lynx> as a last resort. This is
why it is at the back of our list of methods to try as well.

=head2 Files I'm trying to fetch have reserved characters or non-ASCII characters in them. What do I do?

C<File::Fetch> is relatively smart about things. When trying to write
a file to disk, it removes the C<query parameters> (see the
C<output_file> method for details) from the file name before creating
it. In most cases this suffices.

If you have any other characters you need to escape, please install
the C<URI::Escape> module from CPAN, and pre-encode your URI before
passing it to C<File::Fetch>. You can read about the details of URIs
and URI encoding here:

  http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2396.html

=head1 TODO

=over 4

=item Implement $PREFER_BIN

To indicate to rather use commandline tools than modules

=back

=head1 BUG REPORTS

Please report bugs or other issues to E<lt>bug-file-fetch@rt.cpan.org<gt>.

=head1 AUTHOR

This module by Jos Boumans E<lt>kane@cpan.orgE<gt>.

=head1 COPYRIGHT

This library is free software; you may redistribute and/or modify it
under the same terms as Perl itself.


=cut

# Local variables:
# c-indentation-style: bsd
# c-basic-offset: 4
# indent-tabs-mode: nil
# End:
# vim: expandtab shiftwidth=4: