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% [identification_system.tex]
% HEADING MATERIAL HAS BEEN REMOVED
{\rm % rm, bf ... = 12.5pt (\it =13.0pt) in [fonts.mac]
%
{\verysmall .}
%
\vskip -20pt\nin
%
\centerline{\bftwenty Identification System}%
%
\mni
%
As explained in the introduction this is an {\it ascending\/} genealogy. In order to precisely identify each
person and to clearly indicate their relationships with descendants and ancestors, the following method is
used:
\mni
Each person is assigned a unique identification number consisting of 1s and 2s, where the digit 1
indicates a female and the digit 2 a male. The number of digits in the identification number depends on
how many generations back they are from
Eliane Herz, who is identified by the number 1. Her mother,
Coralie Weill is 11, and Coralie Weill's father is 112.
%
\mni
In addition to giving an identification number to individuals we want to arrange them in a definite order.
The
idea is analogous to the system used in dictionaries as illustrated in the following example with \lq
before\rq\ being indicated by the symbol\TH
{\bfsixteen <}\TH .
\sni
{\leftskip =45pt
\nin
{\it aa\/}\gl rdvark {\Th \bf <\Th} {\it abac\/}\gl a {\Th \bf <\Th} {\it abac\/}\gl k {\Th \bf <\Th}
{\it abac\/}\gl us
\par}
%
\mni
%
We use the same general idea for identification numbers. Consider the following couple:
\sni
{\leftskip =45pt %
%
{\tt 111\|21}\en {\bf Sophie Lang}
\sni
{\tt 111\|22}\en {\bf David \wr}
\par}
%
\mni
Being a couple, their identification numbers are identical except for the last place and because the wife has
a 1 in the last place she is listed before her husband who has a 2 in the last place.
\mni
Given the identification number \({\tt 112\|21}\) of Sophie Lang we immediately know that:
\sni
\item{} The male child \(Gottschau \wr\) of Sophie Lang has identification number {\tt 112\|2},
\item{} The parents of Sophie Lang have identification numbers {\tt 112\|211} and {\tt 112\|212} \(Dina
Naphtaly and Baruch Lang respectively\).
%
\mni
%
Similarly consider the following three men:
\sni
{\leftskip =45pt %
%
{\tt 111\|22}\en {\bf David \wr}
\sni
{\tt 112\|22}\en {\bf Jacques Weil }
\sni
{\tt 111\|212}\en {\bf Baruch Lang}
\par}
%
\mni
%
David \wr\ precedes Jacques Weil because he has a 1 in the third place and Jacques Weil has a 2.
\mni
Baruch Lang is after Jacques Weil even though he has a 1 in the first three places, because his
identification number has one more digit and this in turn means that he is one generation earlier than
Jacques Weil.
\mni
In each of the seven groups of ancestors of \cw\
the group is divided into generations and within a generation the lists of people follow the order just
described. To illustrate this consider the ancestors of Gottschau \wr.
%
\vfill\eject
%
\nin
%
His parents are listed as follows:
\sni
{\leftskip = 2.0truecm
{\tt 111\|21}\en {\bf Sophie Lang}
\sni
{\tt 111\|22}\en {\bf David \wr}
\par}
%
\sni
Next we have the grandparents of Gottschau \wr\ as follows:
\sni
{\leftskip = 2.0truecm
\hskip 2.1cm{\bf The Parents of Sophie Lang}
\sni
{\tt 111\|211}\en {\bf Dina Napthtaly}
\sni
{\tt 111\|212}\en {\bf Baruch Lang}
\mni
\hskip 2.1cm{\bf The Parents of David \wr}
\sni
{\tt 111\|221}\en {\bf Fromet David}
\sni
{\tt 111\|222}\en {\bf Schmulen Solomon}
\par}
%
\mni
In the examples given so far there was only one identification number, but
because the two grand\-mothers of Coralie \we\ were sisters, their parents and all preceding generations
will have {\it two\/} numbers. Thus, since Marie \kl\ was the mother of both Caroline \ml\ \({\tt 111\|1}\)
and Pauline \ml\ \({\tt 112\|1}\) she will have the two numbers obtained by adding a 1 to the numbers of
her
daughters and we find the same situation with Salomon \ml, the husband of Marie \kl.
\sni
{\leftskip =45pt
{\tt 111\|11\fsl 112\|11}\en {\bf Marie \kl}
\sni
{\tt 111\|12\fsl 112\gl\|12}\en {\bf Salomon \ml}
\par}
\mni
Further, since the Mandel and \wr\ lines have common ancestors, these common ancestors will have {\it
three\/} numbers.
\mni
Another consequence of both grand\-mothers being sisters is that, instead of {\it eight\/}
great-grand\-parents, Coralie Weill had only {\it six\/} great-grand\-parents, twelve
great-great-grand\-parents\dots . The number of possible ancestors is reduced even further when we arrive at
the ancestors with three numbers.
\mni
The length of the identification number also shows the degree of ancestry with respect to \cw. Thus her
parents are identified by three digits and her grandparents by four. Next come the great-grandparents
with five digits and great-great-grandparents with six. From this we see that the number of \lq greats\rq\ is
given
by the number of digits minus four and conversely to find the number of digits in a designation we simply add
four to the number of greats. The longest designation numbers belong to the three, six
times
great-grandparents of \cw\ who have ten digits. The oldest of these three would have been born ca.\th 1650.
\mni
\centerline{\bf Summary}
\mni
\item{1.} A female ancestor is indicated by a 1, a male ancestor is indicated by a 2.
\sni
\item{2.} Couples are listed in pairs and their identification numbers only differ in the last number,
namely a 1 or a 2.
\sni
\item{3.} The identification number of a child is obtained by {\it taking off\/} the last digit.
\sni
\item{4.} The identification numbers of the parents of a person are obtained by {\it adding on\/} a 1 and a 2.
\sni
\item{5.} The ancestors of any person are discussed one generation at a time. Within any generation people
are listed according to the order described above.
\sni
\item{6.} Marie \kl\ and Salomon \ml\ each have two identification numbers. Their ancestors will also have
two identification numbers with some of the very early ancestors of Salomon \ml\
having three numbers. People with multiple numbers are listed according to their {\it first\/}
identification number.
\sni
\item{7.} \cw\ had only six {\it distinct\/} great-grandparents, twelve {\it distinct\/}
great-great-grandparents\dots . When we arrive at the ancestors with three identification numbers there will
be a further reduction in the number of actual ancestors.
\sni
\item{8.}The length of the identification number indicates the degree of ancestry with respect to \cw:
\sni
{\leftskip = 31.6pt
\pni \cw\ \({\tt 11}\) has an identification number of length 2.
\pni Her parents \({\tt 111} and {\tt 112}\) have an identification number of length 3
\pni Her grandparents have an identification number of length 4.
\pni Her great-grandparents have an identification number of length 5.
\pni Her two times great-grandparents have an identification number of length 6.
\pni Her three times great-grandparents have an identification number
of length 7.
\pni Her four times great-grandparents have an identification number of length 8.
\pni Her five times great-grandparents have an identification number of length 9.
\pni Her six times great-grandparents have an identification number of length 10.
\par}
%
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\vfill\eject
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} % ends \rm
\par} % ends \hsize
\bye
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