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% ---------------------------------------------------------
% LaTeX-Source for printing GFDL v1.3
% Copyright © 2022, 2023 निरंजन
%
% This program is free software: you can redistribute it
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% either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
% later version.
%
% This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
% useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
% warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
% PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
% details.
%
% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
% License along with this program. If not, see
% <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
% ---------------------------------------------------------
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\LARGE GNU Free Documentation License}

  \bigskip
  
  Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
  
  Copyright \copyright{} 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free
  Software Foundation, Inc.
  
  \bigskip
  
  \url{https://fsf.org/}
  
  \bigskip
  
  Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim
  copies of this license document, but changing it is not
  allowed.

  \bigskip
  
  \textbf{\Large Preamble}
\end{center}

\noindent
The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook,
or other functional and useful document \enquote{free} in
the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective
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Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and
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others.

This License is a kind of \enquote{copyleft}, which means
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We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals
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\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 1.\ APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS}
\end{center}

\noindent
This License applies to any manual or other work, in any
medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright
holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this
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A \enquote{\textbf{Secondary Section}} is a named appendix
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the Document means that it remains a section \enquote{%
  \textbf{Entitled XYZ}} according to this definition.

The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the
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\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 2. VERBATIM COPYING}
\end{center}

\noindent
You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium,
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If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must
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You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated
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\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY}
\end{center}

\noindent
If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that
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If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document
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It is requested, but not required, that you contact the
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\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 4. MODIFICATIONS}
\end{center}

\noindent
You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the
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\begin{itemize}
\item[A.] 
  Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a
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\item[C.]
  State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
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\item[D.]
  Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
  
\item[E.]
  Add an appropriate copyright notice for your
  modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
  
\item[F.]
  Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a
  license notice giving the public permission to use the
  Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the
  form shown in the Addendum below.
  
\item[G.]
  Preserve in that license notice the full lists of
  Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the
  Document's license notice.

\item[H.]
  Include an unaltered copy of this License.

\item[I.]
  Preserve the section Entitled \enquote{History}, Preserve
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  title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified
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  stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the
  Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item
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\item[J.]
  Preserve the network location, if any, given in the
  Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the
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  These may be placed in the \enquote{History} section. You
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  original publisher of the version it refers to gives
  permission.
  
\item[K.]
  For any section Entitled \enquote{Acknowledgements} or
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  and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of
  each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or
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\item[L.]
  Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
  unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section
  numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the
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\item[M.]
  Delete any section Entitled \enquote{Endorsements}. Such a
  section may not be included in the Modified Version.
  
\item[N.]
  Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled
  \enquote{Endorsements} or to conflict in title with any
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\item[O.]
  Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
\end{itemize}

If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections
or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and
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your option designate some or all of these sections as
invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of
Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license
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You may add a section Entitled \enquote{Endorsements},
provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your
Modified Version by various parties---for example,
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by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
standard.

You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover
Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text,
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The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by
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Modified Version.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS}
\end{center}

\noindent
You may combine the Document with other documents released
under this License, under the terms defined in section~4
above for modified versions, provided that you include in
the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of
the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as
Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license
notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty
Disclaimers.

The combined work need only contain one copy of this
License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be
replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant
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Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list
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work.

In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled
\enquote{History} in the various original documents, forming
one section Entitled \enquote{History}; likewise combine any
sections Entitled \enquote{Acknowledgements}, and any
sections Entitled \enquote{Dedications}. You must delete all
sections Entitled \enquote{Endorsements}.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS}
\end{center}

\noindent
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and
other documents released under this License, and replace the
individual copies of this License in the various documents
with a single copy that is included in the collection,
provided that you follow the rules of this License for
verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other
respects.

You may extract a single document from such a collection,
and distribute it individually under this License, provided
you insert a copy of this License into the extracted
document, and follow this License in all other respects
regarding verbatim copying of that document.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS}
\end{center}

\noindent
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other
separate and independent documents or works, in or on a
volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
\enquote{aggregate} if the copyright resulting from the
compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the
compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License
does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are
not themselves derivative works of the Document.

If the Cover Text requirement of section~3 is applicable to
these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less
than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover
Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document
within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers
if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must
appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 8. TRANSLATION}
\end{center}

\noindent
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
distribute translations of the Document under the terms of
section~4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations
requires special permission from their copyright holders,
but you may include translations of some or all Invariant
Sections in addition to the original versions of these
Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this
License, and all the license notices in the Document, and
any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include the
original English version of this License and the original
versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a
disagreement between the translation and the original
version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the
original version will prevail.

If a section in the Document is Entitled
\enquote{Acknowledgements}, \enquote{Dedications}, or
\enquote{History}, the requirement (section~4) to Preserve
its Title (section~1) will typically require changing the
actual title.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 9. TERMINATION}
\end{center}

\noindent
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the
Document except as expressly provided under this License.
Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or
distribute it is void, and will automatically terminate your
rights under this License.

However, if you cease all violation of this License, then
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Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
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\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE}
\end{center}

\noindent
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised
versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to
time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the
present version, but may differ in detail to address new
problems or concerns. See
\url{https://www.gnu.org/licenses/}.

Each version of the License is given a distinguishing
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for the Document.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 11. RELICENSING}
\end{center}

\begingroup
\sloppy
\noindent
\enquote{Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site} (or
\enquote{MMC Site}) means any World Wide Web server that
publishes copyrightable works and also provides prominent
facilities for anybody to edit those works. A public wiki
that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A
\enquote{Massive Multiauthor Collaboration} (or
\enquote{MMC}) contained in the site means any set of
copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.
\endgroup

\enquote{CC-BY-SA} means the Creative Commons
Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license published by Creative
Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit corporation with a
principal place of business in San Francisco, California, as
well as future copyleft versions of that license published
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\enquote{Incorporate} means to publish or republish a
Document, in whole or in part, as part of another Document.

An MMC is \enquote{eligible for relicensing} if it is
licensed under this License, and if all works that were
first published under this License somewhere other than this
MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or in part into
the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and
(2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.

The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained
in the site under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time
before August 1, 2009, provided the MMC is eligible for
relicensing.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your
    documents}
\end{center}

\noindent
To use this License in a document you have written, include
a copy of the License in the document and put the following
copyright and license notices just after the title page:

\begin{quote}
  Copyright \copyright{} YEAR YOUR NAME.

  Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify
  this document under the terms of the GNU Free
  Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version
  published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
  Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no
  Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
  section entitled \enquote{GNU Free Documentation
    License}.
\end{quote}

If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and
Back-Cover Texts, replace the \enquote{with \dots\ Texts.}\
line with this:

\begin{quote}
  with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with
  the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover
  Texts being LIST.
\end{quote}

If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some
other combination of the three, merge those two alternatives
to suit the situation.

If your document contains nontrivial examples of program
code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel
under your choice of free software license, such as the GNU
General Public License, to permit their use in free
software.