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% ---------------------------------------------------------
% LaTeX-Source for printing GFDL v1.2
% Copyright © 2022, 2023 निरंजन
%
% This program is free software: you can redistribute it
% and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
% License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
% either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
% later version.
%
% This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
% useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
% warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
% PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
% details.
%
% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
% License along with this program. If not, see
% <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
% ---------------------------------------------------------
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\LARGE GNU Free Documentation License}
  
  \bigskip
  
  Version 1.2, November 2002
  
  Copyright \copyright{} 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software
  Foundation, Inc.
  
  \bigskip
  
  51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
  
  \bigskip
  
  Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim
  copies of this license document, but changing it is not
  allowed.
  \bigskip
  
  \textbf{\Large Preamble}
\end{center}

The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook,
or other functional and useful document \enquote{free} in
the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective
freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without
modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and
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others.

This License is a kind of \enquote{copyleft}, which means
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We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals
for free software, because free software needs free
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whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this
License principally for works whose purpose is instruction
or reference.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS}
\end{center}

\noindent
This License applies to any manual or other work, in any
medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright
holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this
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A \textbf{\enquote{Modified Version}} of the Document means
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A \textbf{\enquote{Secondary Section}} is a named appendix
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The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the
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\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 2. VERBATIM COPYING}
\end{center}

\noindent
You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium,
either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this
License, the copyright notices, and the license notice
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If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must
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You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated
above, and you may publicly display copies.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY}
\end{center}

\noindent
If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that
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If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document
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It is requested, but not required, that you contact the
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\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 4. MODIFICATIONS}
\end{center}

\noindent
You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the
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the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and
modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a
copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the
Modified Version:

\begin{itemize}
\item[A.] Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any)
  a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those
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\item[B.] List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more
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\item[C.] State on the Title page the name of the publisher
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\item[D.] Preserve all the copyright notices of the
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\item[E.] Add an appropriate copyright notice for your
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\item[F.] Include, immediately after the copyright notices,
  a license notice giving the public permission to use the
  Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the
  form shown in the Addendum below.
  
\item[G.] Preserve in that license notice the full lists of
  Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the
  Document's license notice.
  
\item[H.] Include an unaltered copy of this License.
  
\item[I.] Preserve the section Entitled \enquote{History},
  Preserve its Title, and add to it an item stating at least
  the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the
  Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is
  no section Entitled \enquote{History} in the Document,
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  of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an
  item describing the Modified Version as stated in the
  previous sentence.
  
\item[J.] Preserve the network location, if any, given in
  the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of
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  may be placed in the ``History'' section. You may omit a
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  four years before the Document itself, or if the original
  publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
  
\item[K.] For any section Entitled
  \enquote{Acknowledgements} or \enquote{Dedications},
  Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the
  section all the substance and tone of each of the
  contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given
  therein.
  
\item[L.] Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the
  Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles.
  Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part
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\item[M.] Delete any section Entitled
  \enquote{Endorsements}. Such a section may not be included
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\item[N.] Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled
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\item[O.] Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
\end{itemize}

If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections
or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain
no material copied from the Document, you may at your option
designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do
this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in
the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be
distinct from any other section titles.

You may add a section Entitled \enquote{Endorsements},
provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your
Modified Version by various parties--for example, statements
of peer review or that the text has been approved by an
organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.

You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover
Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text,
to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified
Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of
Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements
made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a
cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by
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of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old
one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that
added the old one.

The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by
this License give permission to use their names for
publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any
Modified Version.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS}
\end{center}

\noindent
You may combine the Document with other documents released
under this License, under the terms defined in section~4
above for modified versions, provided that you include in
the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the
original documents, unmodified, and list them all as
Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license
notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty
Disclaimers.

The combined work need only contain one copy of this
License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be
replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant
Sections with the same name but different contents, make the
title of each such section unique by adding at the end of
it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or
publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list
of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined
work.

In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled
\enquote{History} in the various original documents, forming
one section Entitled \enquote{History}; likewise combine any
sections Entitled \enquote{Acknowledgements}, and any
sections Entitled \enquote{Dedications}. You must delete all
sections Entitled \enquote{Endorsements}.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS}
\end{center}

\noindent
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and
other documents released under this License, and replace the
individual copies of this License in the various documents
with a single copy that is included in the collection,
provided that you follow the rules of this License for
verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other
respects. You may extract a single document from such a
collection, and distribute it individually under this
License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the
extracted document, and follow this License in all other
respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS}
\end{center}

\noindent
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other
separate and independent documents or works, in or on a
volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
\enquote{aggregate} if the copyright resulting from the
compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the
compilation's users beyond what the individual works
permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this
License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate
which are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

If the Cover Text requirement of section~3 is applicable to
these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less
than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover
Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document
within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers
if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must
appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 8. TRANSLATION}
\end{center}

\noindent
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
distribute translations of the Document under the terms of
section~4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations
requires special permission from their copyright holders,
but you may include translations of some or all Invariant
Sections in addition to the original versions of these
Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this
License, and all the license notices in the Document, and
any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include the
original English version of this License and the original
versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a
disagreement between the translation and the original
version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the
original version will prevail.

If a section in the Document is Entitled
\enquote{Acknowledgements}, \enquote{Dedications}, or
\enquote{History}, the requirement (section~4) to Preserve
its Title (section~1) will typically require changing the
actual title.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 9. TERMINATION}
\end{center}

\noindent
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the
Document except as expressly provided for under this
License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or
distribute the Document is void, and will automatically
terminate your rights under this License. However, parties
who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
License will not have their licenses terminated so long as
such parties remain in full compliance.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE}
\end{center}

\noindent
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised
versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to
time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the
present version, but may differ in detail to address new
problems or concerns. See
\url{https://www.gnu.org/licenses}.

Each version of the License is given a distinguishing
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numbered version of this License \enquote{or any later
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of any later version that has been published (not as a
draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does
not specify a version number of this License, you may choose
any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free
Software Foundation.

\medskip
\begin{center}
  \textbf{\Large ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your
    documents}
\end{center}

\noindent
To use this License in a document you have written, include
a copy of the License in the document and put the following
copyright and license notices just after the title page:

\begin{quote}
  Copyright \copyright{} YEAR YOUR NAME.
  Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify
  this document under the terms of the GNU Free
  Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
  published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
  Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no
  Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
  section entitled \enquote{GNU Free Documentation
    License}.
\end{quote}

If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and
Back-Cover Texts, replace the \enquote{with \dots\ Texts.}
line with this:

\begin{quote}
  with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with
  the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover
  Texts being LIST.
\end{quote}

If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some
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If your document contains nontrivial examples of program
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software.