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path: root/language/vietnamese/vietnet/00readme.txt
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Hello VietNetters,

Welcome to the new VietNet (tm) anonymous ftp archive server.

All programs and/or information is "AT YOUR OWN RISK" and no one in
the entire world is responsible for it or anything that happens
because of the use/nonuse of anything here.

Due to the slow response time on xlnvax.excelan.com server, I have created
a new anon ftp server to replace xlnvax. The name of the new server is
na.excelan.com [IP=130.57.6.3 for those who do not run name server]
All VietNet archives are stored under directory "Vietnet" in the mail folder,
compressed format (to save space). You need to ftp in the binary mode to 
get the file, then uncompress it, and in many cases, invoke "mail -f foo" 
to read the articles out of the mail folder. A directory "incomings"
is available for those who would like to send files/programs to be
distributed on VietNet.

na.excelan.com is a SUN 4/280 with lots of space. 

Please note that this service is available only for those on the Internet.
Any questions or comments, please e-mail directly to me at tran@na.excelan.com

Tony Tran
Internet: tran@na.excelan.com            

--------

Here is the up to date listing of all files stored under VietNet archive:

-rw-r--r--  1 tran          310 Feb 25 10:01 Bridge.doc.v1n2.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran       147837 Feb 25 10:01 Bridge.v1n2.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        53029 Feb 25 10:01 dovui_tar.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        75989 Feb 25 09:56 teraida.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         4816 Sep 29 13:49 vietnam.culture.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran       602059 Feb 25 09:55 vietnet.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         8639 Feb 24 09:47 vietnet.allergy.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        24219 Feb  3 09:54 vietnet.arts.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        18994 Feb 12 22:47 vietnet.awards.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran       190885 Feb 22 07:39 vietnet.bio.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         3605 Nov 12 02:33 vietnet.bridge.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         2345 Jan 11 15:41 vietnet.demo.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         6331 Nov 30 08:59 vietnet.earthquake.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        11042 Oct 18 08:34 vietnet.expand.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         9562 Jan 11 15:47 vietnet.font.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         3412 Jan 30 22:32 vietnet.history.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran       109027 Feb 24 18:12 vietnet.hongkong.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         1369 Feb 25 10:56 vietnet.info
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         1275 Feb 16 12:15 vietnet.info.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        16171 Jan 15 09:52 vietnet.joke.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        13872 Jan 22 17:11 vietnet.jokes.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         4333 Feb 11 21:34 vietnet.language.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         1608 Feb 21 05:39 vietnet.medicine.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         5266 Feb  2 12:45 vietnet.monthly.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        22877 Feb  7 20:44 vietnet.musics.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        22070 Feb 21 11:19 vietnet.news.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        34978 Feb 23 17:19 vietnet.newsgroup.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         1763 Feb  9 10:28 vietnet.paper.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        32842 Feb 23 17:00 vietnet.party.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        72241 Feb 23 16:55 vietnet.poem.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        95521 Feb 25 09:56 vietnet.politics.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         2483 Oct 11 15:53 vietnet.potluck.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         2680 Feb 22 23:33 vietnet.program.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         9454 Feb 22 23:34 vietnet.programs.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         2165 Feb 16 09:26 vietnet.questions.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        10376 Feb 20 20:34 vietnet.quiz.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         4000 Nov  2 10:21 vietnet.ref.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran       105741 Feb 20 13:50 vietnet.refugee.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         8158 Jan 22 10:33 vietnet.refugee.nos.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         3710 Feb 16 07:57 vietnet.songs.tex.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         5634 Feb  8 09:41 vietnet.talks.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        52948 Feb  6 16:28 vietnet.tet.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         6749 Feb 14 01:44 vietnet.valentine.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         1007 Feb  8 13:42 vietnet.wantads.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         2962 Jan 10 07:11 vietnet.war.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         8029 Oct 31 00:42 vietnet.welcome.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         5344 Jan 24 07:42 vietnet.welcome.tosend.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         1272 Dec 19 13:42 vietnet.xmas.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran         5093 Feb 25 10:02 vnroff.c.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran       201433 Feb 25 09:59 vnterm.tar.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran        19673 Feb 25 10:02 vntex.c.Z
-rw-r--r--  1 tran       147845 Feb 25 09:59 vntex.macro.Z

VietNamese Tex Songs in subdirectory pub/Vietnet/songs:

-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1511 Feb 26 12:13 6.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1972 Feb 26 12:13 7.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1714 Feb 26 12:14 8.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp         13352 Feb 26 12:26 VNTeX-demo.shar.Z
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp         11205 Feb 26 12:27 VNTeX-source.shar.Z
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1521 Feb 26 12:14 ages.of.dreams.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp         17239 Feb 26 12:14 book.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1356 Feb 26 12:14 cay.da.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1276 Feb 26 12:14 crow.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1096 Feb 26 12:14 day.di.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1635 Feb 26 12:14 de_lai.quan.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1386 Feb 26 12:14 do.dua.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1388 Feb 26 12:14 dreams.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1767 Feb 26 12:14 duongVN.amy.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp           369 Feb 26 12:14 header.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          5777 Feb 26 12:15 hoang.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1307 Feb 26 12:15 hoi.trang.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          2108 Feb 26 12:15 hom.nay.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1330 Feb 26 12:15 horse.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          2381 Feb 26 12:15 index.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1531 Feb 26 12:15 innocent.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp           891 Feb 26 12:15 intro.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          2142 Feb 26 12:15 ky.vat.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1386 Feb 26 12:15 ly_ngua_o.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1330 Feb 26 12:16 manysongs.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1458 Feb 26 12:16 mat_troi.amy.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          2248 Feb 26 12:16 moon.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1946 Feb 26 12:16 nghin_trung.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          2233 Feb 26 12:16 nghin_trung.trung.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1584 Feb 26 12:16 ngua_o.trung.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          2859 Feb 26 12:16 qc.vn.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1098 Feb 26 12:16 qua.cau.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp           801 Feb 26 12:16 qua.keu.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1338 Feb 26 12:16 quoc_ca.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          2076 Feb 26 12:17 s10.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1969 Feb 26 12:17 s11.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1516 Feb 26 12:17 s12.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1352 Feb 26 12:17 s13.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1211 Feb 26 12:17 s14.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1419 Feb 26 12:17 s15.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1352 Feb 26 12:17 s16.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1120 Feb 26 12:17 s17.tex
drwxr-xr-x  3 tran          512 Feb 27 10:45 test/
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1048 Feb 26 12:17 trong.com.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1965 Feb 26 12:17 tuoi.mo.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          5339 Feb 26 12:17 tuoi_hong.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp         46566 Feb 26 12:26 uci-songs.vnt
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp         10603 Feb 26 12:18 viet-macro.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1575 Feb 26 12:18 vietnam.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          2320 Feb 26 12:18 vn_que_huong.tex
-rw-rw-rw-  1 ftp          1423 Feb 26 12:18 vong_tay.tex

Here is a sample session of an Internet user from spectre.arc.nasa.gov
trying to copy Vietnamese song using "ftp anonymous" to log in to
na.excelan.com and copy VNTeX-source.shar.Z and a tex song:

Script started on Tue Feb 27 10:49:12 1990

4.2 BSD UNIX (spectre.arc.nasa.gov)

login: xxxx
Password: xxxx

Last login: Sun Feb 25 09:53:29 from 130.57.6.3
Sun UNIX 4.2 Release 3.5 (BONGO) #1: Sat Mar 4 08:40:38 PST 1989

TERM = (vt100) 

_4> ftp na.excelan.com
Connected to na.excelan.com.
220 na FTP server (SunOS 4.0) ready.
Name (na.excelan.com:tran): anonymous
331 Guest login ok, send ident as password.
Password:  [*** Put your login name here ***]
230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
ftp> ls
200 PORT command successful.
150 ASCII data connection for /bin/ls (128.102.128.58,1390).
bin
dev
etc
pub
usr
226 ASCII Transfer complete.
25 bytes received in 0.6 seconds (0.041 Kbytes/s)
ftp> cd pub/Vietnet/songs
250 CWD command successful.
ftp> ls
200 PORT command successful.
150 ASCII data connection for /bin/ls (128.102.128.58,1392).
6.tex
7.tex
8.tex
VNTeX-demo.shar.Z
VNTeX-source.shar.Z
ages.of.dreams.tex
book.tex
cay.da.tex
crow.tex
day.di.tex
de_lai.quan.tex
do.dua.tex
dreams.tex
duongVN.amy.tex
header.tex
hoang.tex
hoi.trang.tex
hom.nay.tex
horse.tex
index.tex
innocent.tex
intro.tex
junk
ky.vat.tex
ly_ngua_o.tex
manysongs.tex
mat_troi.amy.tex
moon.tex
nghin_trung.tex
nghin_trung.trung.tex
ngua_o.trung.tex
qc.vn.tex
qua.cau.tex
qua.keu.tex
quoc_ca.tex
s10.tex
s11.tex
s12.tex
s13.tex
s14.tex
s15.tex
s16.tex
s17.tex
test
trong.com.tex
tuoi.mo.tex
tuoi_hong.tex
uci-songs.vnt
viet-macro.tex
vietnam.tex
vn_que_huong.tex
vong_tay.tex
226 ASCII Transfer complete.
662 bytes received in 0.4 seconds (1.6 Kbytes/s)
ftp> ls *.Z
200 PORT command successful.
150 ASCII data connection for /bin/ls (128.102.128.58,1398).
VNTeX-demo.shar.Z
VNTeX-source.shar.Z
226 ASCII Transfer complete.
remote: *.Z
40 bytes received in 0.78 seconds (0.05 Kbytes/s)
ftp> bin
200 Type set to I.
ftp> get VNTeX-source.shar.Z
200 PORT command successful.
150 Binary data connection for VNTeX-source.shar.Z (128.102.128.58,1399) (11205 bytes).
226 Binary Transfer complete.
local: VNTeX-source.shar.Z remote: VNTeX-source.shar.Z
11205 bytes received in 2.1 seconds (5.1 Kbytes/s)
ftp> get vong_tay.tex
200 PORT command successful.
150 ASCII data connection for vong_tay.tex (128.102.128.58,1393) (1423 bytes).
226 ASCII Transfer complete.
local: vong_tay.tex remote: vong_tay.tex
1461 bytes received in 0.36 seconds (4 Kbytes/s)
ftp> pwd
257 "/pub/Vietnet/songs" is current directory.
ftp> quit
221 Goodbye.
_5> exitConnection closed by foreign host.
na_44>exit
script done on Tue Feb 27 10:50:49 1990


			========
			 README
			========

VNTeX is a preprocessor (writen in C) that translates Vietnamese text
written according to a specific set of rules into TeX's.  (See below
for those rules.)  VNTeX takes an ".vnt" file and creates a
corresponding ".tex" file.  It also generates a TeX macro file called
VNTEX-MACRO.tex.  Afterward, TeX or LaTeX (your choice) must be
invoked to produce the ".dvi" file.


USAGE
-----
To make VNTeX, type in the current directory

	% make 

Assuming the input file is "lang-toi.vnt", type 

	% VNTeX -12 lang-toi.vnt	# for 12 point size
	% VNTeX -11 lang-toi.vnt	# for 11 point size
	% VNTeX lang-toi.vnt		# default -- 10 point size

A corresponding .tex file is created which must be run through
LaTeX/TeX to create the .dvi file.  

	% latex lang-toi.tex
	% tex lang-toi.tex

The .dvi file can then be sent to the laser printer using the local
command at your site.

VNTeX has only been tested under TeX version 2.98 and LaTeX version
2.09 on Sun3 and Sun4 workstations and Sequent Balance running 4.2 BSD
Unix.  One person mentions to me that he receives a "memory capacity
exceeded" message while running LaTeX on the .tex file which is
produced by VNTeX.  I think this is a problem of LaTeX, especially in
early releases of LaTeX, not VNTeX's.  In this case, asking the system
administrator to re-make LaTeX with a larger memory would solve the
problem.  A better solution would be to upgrade TeX and LaTeX.
	

RULES:
------
The rules for writing Vietnamese are as follows:

  1. dd, DD  ===> as in ddinh (nail), dda'nh (fight).

  2. oo, OO  ===> as in coom (rice), soon (paint).

  3. uu, UU  ===> as in thuu (letter), dduua (deliver).

  4. (	     ===> as in dda('t tie^`n (expensive), ra('n (snake).

  5. Letters are written from left to right, followed by marks above
     the letter (if any) and then the period (da^'u na(.ng) below the
     letter (if any).  For examples, 
	
	Chie^`u chie^`u ra dduu'ng ngo~ sau,
	Tro^ng ve^` que^ Me., ruo^.t ddau chi'n chie^`u.

	Vuu`a ba(`ng ha.t ddo^~, a(n gio^~ ca? la`ng.


  6. Vietnamese and English can be mixed freely.  However, if any word
     contains the letters defined in rules 1, 2 or 3 (dd, DD, uu, UU,
     oo, OO), they should be escaped, e.g.,

				 should be written
	Nha` ha`ng Bamboo Garden =================> Nha` ha`ng Bamb\oo Garden


  7. To distinguish the end-sentence character 'period' or 'question'
     from the diacritical mark da^'u na(.ng or da^'u ho?i, respectively,
     you must ESCAPE the mark by preceeding it with a backslash '\'. 

	Mie^'ng khi ddo'i ba(`ng go'i khi no\.	# '.' escaped

	Ye^u ne^n to^'t, ghe't ne^n xa^'u.	# '.' not escaped because
						# xa^'u already has da^'u sa('c


TYPING
------
When you first start typing Vietnamese according to the rules above,
the diacritical marks would bother you somewhat, especially the marks
^, ` and ~.  However, your speed will pick up eventually.  For me,
after almost 4 years, I can type Vietnamese as fast as I can type
English. :-) Well, not exactly.  The trick is that I am using emacs
editor which allows me to bind special control keys to vowels with ^.
Thus, I never have to reach SHIFT-6.  For instances, in emacs:

	CTRL-C a  -->  a^
	CTRL-C A  -->  A^
	CTRL-C e  -->  e^
	CTRL-C o  -->  o^

If you are interested, I will mail you a copy of my emacs file
"VNTeX-mode.el".


FONTS
-----
Personally, I think the slanted font at 11 point looks best.  However,
in larger fonts (14pt or bigger) you need to physically draw the mark
'?' yourself for the letters uu, UU, oo, and OO.  I think this is
acceptable because we don't deal with larger fonts often.


CAVEATS
-------
VNTeX is by any means complete.  We just wanted something acceptable
without having to spend a lot of time to develop it.  I would be more
than willing to assist anyone on a different approach, be it METAfont
or whatever.  I have some ideas on how to enhance the program (more
vigorous checking, better font selection when switching to larger
fonts, etc.), but I cannot squeeze more time into it.  Please feel
free to distribute VNTeX to anyone interested, provided that you leave
the message at the beginning of the program.  Also please keep me
informed if you make any modification.  My e-mail address is
nguyen@ics.uci.edu.

In case you accidentally delete the original .vnt file but still have
the corresponding .tex file, I also include in this package a program
called tex2vnt which would reverse the translating process.  That is,
tex2vnt takes the .tex file generated by VNTeX and produces the
corresponding .vnt file.  To generate this program, type % make tex2vnt.

For those of you who don't know what TeX is, let me describe it VERY
briefly.  TeX is "a sophisticated document preparation system of Donal
Knuth to produce high-quality typesetting, especially for mathematical
text."  It is like WordStar, WordPerfect, or MicrosoftWord for IBM PCs
or MacWrite for Macs.  Similarly, LaTeX consists of a high level set
of TeX macros which would make it easier for users to learn and use
TeX.  If your system does not have TeX, you are out of luck, i.e., you
cannot run VNTeX!  However, if you have troff, you can request from
Nha^n at Florida a different package (written in C) for typesetting
Vietnamese.  He posted it a while ago on VietNet.  This package is a
re-implementation of a Pascal package written by another VietNet member
whose name I forgot. (Please forgive me!  Our VietNet family has been
growing so fast!)  BTW, I still keep a copy of this troff package.

Anyway, happy printing...