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path: root/language/greek/greek-fontenc/textalpha.sty.html
blob: 4ee5502bad75322a62272ae16c62b95335c5e907 (plain)
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.20.2b.dev: https://docutils.sourceforge.io/" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<meta name="dcterms.rights" content="© 2010, 2023 Günter Milde" />
<title>textalpha.sty</title>
<link rel="schema.dcterms" href="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"/>
<style type="text/css">

/* Minimal style sheet for the HTML output of Docutils.                    */
/*                                                                         */
/* :Author: Günter Milde, based on html4css1.css by David Goodger          */
/* :Id: $Id$                                                               */
/* :Copyright: © 2015, 2021 Günter Milde.                                  */
/* :License: Released under the terms of the `2-Clause BSD license`_,      */
/*    in short:                                                            */
/*                                                                         */
/*    Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, */
/*    are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright   */
/*    notice and this notice are preserved.                                */
/*                                                                         */
/*    This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.                    */
/*                                                                         */
/* .. _2-Clause BSD license: http://www.spdx.org/licenses/BSD-2-Clause     */

/* This CSS3 stylesheet defines rules for Docutils elements without        */
/* HTML equivalent. It is required to make the document semantics visible. */
/*                                                                         */
/* .. _validates: http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/validator$link        */

/* titles */
p.topic-title,
p.admonition-title,
p.system-message-title {
  font-weight: bold;
}
p.sidebar-title,
p.rubric {
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: larger;
}
p.rubric {
  color: maroon;
}
p.subtitle,
p.section-subtitle,
p.sidebar-subtitle {
  font-weight: bold;
  margin-top: -0.5em;
}
h1 + p.subtitle {
  font-size: 1.6em;
}
a.toc-backref {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Warnings, Errors */
.system-messages h2,
.system-message-title,
span.problematic {
  color: red;
}

/* Inline Literals */
.docutils.literal {
  font-family: monospace;
  white-space: pre-wrap;
}
/* do not wrap at hyphens and similar: */
.literal > span.pre { white-space: nowrap; }

/* Lists */

/* compact and simple lists: no margin between items */
.simple  li, .simple  ul, .simple  ol,
.compact li, .compact ul, .compact ol,
.simple  > li p, dl.simple  > dd,
.compact > li p, dl.compact > dd {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
/* Nested Paragraphs */
p:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
details > p:last-child { margin-bottom: 1em; }

/* Table of Contents */
.contents ul.auto-toc { /* section numbers present */
  list-style-type: none;
}

/* Enumerated Lists */
ol.arabic     { list-style: decimal }
ol.loweralpha { list-style: lower-alpha }
ol.upperalpha { list-style: upper-alpha }
ol.lowerroman { list-style: lower-roman }
ol.upperroman { list-style: upper-roman }

/* Definition Lists and Derivatives */
dt .classifier { font-style: italic }
dt .classifier:before {
  font-style: normal;
  margin: 0.5em;
  content: ":";
}
/* Field Lists and similar */
/* bold field name, content starts on the same line */
dl.field-list,
dl.option-list,
dl.docinfo {
  display: flow-root;
}
dl.field-list > dt,
dl.option-list > dt,
dl.docinfo > dt {
  font-weight: bold;
  clear: left;
  float: left;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  padding-right: 0.2em;
}
/* Offset for field content (corresponds to the --field-name-limit option) */
dl.field-list > dd,
dl.option-list > dd,
dl.docinfo > dd {
  margin-left:  9em; /* ca. 14 chars in the test examples, fit all Docinfo fields */
}
/* start nested lists on new line */
dd > dl:first-child,
dd > ul:first-child,
dd > ol:first-child {
  clear: left;
}
/* start field-body on a new line after long field names */
dl.field-list > dd > *:first-child,
dl.option-list > dd > *:first-child
{
  display: inline-block;
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Bibliographic Fields (docinfo) */
dl.docinfo pre.address {
  font: inherit;
  margin: 0.5em 0;
}
dl.docinfo > dd.authors > p { margin: 0; }

/* Option Lists */
dl.option-list > dt { font-weight: normal; }
span.option { white-space: nowrap; }

/* Footnotes and Citations  */

.footnote, .citation { margin: 1em 0; } /* default paragraph skip (Firefox) */
/* hanging indent */
.citation { padding-left: 2em; }
.footnote { padding-left: 1.7em; }
.footnote.superscript { padding-left: 1.0em; }
.citation > .label { margin-left: -2em; }
.footnote > .label { margin-left: -1.7em; }
.footnote.superscript > .label { margin-left: -1.0em; }

.footnote > .label + *,
.citation > .label + * {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 0;
  vertical-align: top;
}
.footnote > .backrefs + *,
.citation > .backrefs + * {
  margin-top: 0;
}
.footnote > .label + p, .footnote > .backrefs + p,
.citation > .label + p, .citation > .backrefs + p {
  display: inline;
  vertical-align: inherit;
}

.backrefs { user-select: none; }
.backrefs > a { font-style: italic; }

/* superscript footnotes */
a[role="doc-noteref"].superscript,
.footnote.superscript > .label,
.footnote.superscript > .backrefs {
  vertical-align: super;
  font-size: smaller;
  line-height: 1;
}
a[role="doc-noteref"].superscript > .fn-bracket,
.footnote.superscript > .label > .fn-bracket {
  /* hide brackets in display but leave for copy/paste */
  display: inline-block;
  width: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}
[role="doc-noteref"].superscript + [role="doc-noteref"].superscript {
  padding-left: 0.15em; /* separate consecutive footnote references */
  /* TODO: unfortunately, "+" also selects with text between the references. */
}

/* Alignment */
.align-left   {
  text-align: left;
  margin-right: auto;
}
.align-center {
  text-align: center;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}
.align-right  {
  text-align: right;
  margin-left: auto;
}
.align-top    { vertical-align: top; }
.align-middle { vertical-align: middle; }
.align-bottom { vertical-align: bottom; }

/* reset inner alignment in figures and tables */
figure.align-left, figure.align-right,
table.align-left, table.align-center, table.align-right {
  text-align: inherit;
}

/* Text Blocks */
.topic { margin: 1em 2em; }
.sidebar,
.admonition,
.system-message {
  margin: 1em 2em;
  border: thin solid;
  padding: 0.5em 1em;
}
div.line-block { display: block; }
div.line-block div.line-block, pre { margin-left: 2em; }

/* Code line numbers: dropped when copying text from the page */
pre.code .ln { display: none; }
pre.code code:before {
  content: attr(data-lineno); /* …, none) fallback not supported by any browser */
  color: gray;
}

/* Tables */
table {
  border-collapse: collapse;
}
td, th {
  border: thin solid silver;
  padding: 0 1ex;
}
.borderless td, .borderless th {
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
  padding-right: 0.5em /* separate table cells */
}

table > caption {
  text-align: left;
  margin-top: 0.2em;
  margin-bottom: 0.2em;
}
table.captionbelow {
  caption-side: bottom;
}

/* Document Header and Footer */
header { border-bottom: 1px solid black; }
footer { border-top: 1px solid black; }

/* Images are block-level by default in Docutils */
/* New HTML5 block elements: set display for older browsers */
img, header, footer, main, aside, nav, section, figure, video, details {
  display: block;
}
/* inline images */
p img, p video, figure img, figure video {
  display: inline;
}

</style>
<style type="text/css">

/* CSS3_ style sheet for the output of Docutils HTML5 writer.  */
/* Generic responsive design for all screen sizes.                         */
/*                                                                         */
/* :Author: Günter Milde                                                   */
/*                                                                         */
/* :Id: $Id$                                                               */
/* :Copyright: © 2021 Günter Milde.                                        */
/* :License: Released under the terms of the `2-Clause BSD license`_,      */
/*    in short:                                                            */
/*                                                                         */
/*    Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, */
/*    are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright   */
/*    notice and this notice are preserved.                                */
/*                                                                         */
/*    This file is offered as-is, without any warranty.                    */
/*                                                                         */
/* .. _2-Clause BSD license: http://www.spdx.org/licenses/BSD-2-Clause     */
/* .. _CSS3: https://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/                                 */

/* Note:                                                                   */
/* This style sheet is provisional:                                        */
/* the API is not settled and may change with any minor Docutils version.  */



/* General Settings */
/* ================ */


* { box-sizing: border-box; }

body {
  background-color: #fafaf6;
  margin: auto;
  --field-indent: 6.6em; /* indent of fields in field lists */
  --sidebar-margin-right: 0; /* adapted in media queries below */
}
main {
  counter-reset: figure table;
}
body > * {
  background-color: white;
  line-height: 1.6;
  padding: 0.5rem calc(29% - 7.2rem); /* go from 5% to 15% (8.15em/54em) */
  margin: auto;
  max-width: 100rem;
}
sup, sub { /* avoid additional inter-line space for lines with sup/sub */
  line-height: 1;
}

/* Vertical Space (Parskip) */
p, ol, ul, dl, li,
div.line-block,
.topic,
.footnote, .citation,
div > math,
table {
  margin-top: 0.5em;
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
dl > dd, details > p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}

/* Indented Blocks */
blockquote, figure, .topic {
  margin: 1em 2%;
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<body class="with-toc">
<main id="textalpha-sty">
<h1 class="title">textalpha.sty</h1>
<p class="subtitle" id="greek-symbols-in-text">Greek symbols in text</p>
<dl class="docinfo">
<dt class="version">Version<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="version">2.2.2 (<a class="reference internal" href="#changelog">changelog</a>)</dd>
<dt class="copyright">Copyright<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="copyright">© 2010, 2023 Günter Milde</dd>
<dt class="licence">Licence<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="licence"><p>This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
conditions of the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt">LaTeX Project Public License</a>, either
version 1.3 of this license or any later version.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="topic abstract" role="doc-abstract">
<p class="topic-title">Abstract</p>
<p>Provide a set of <span class="docutils literal">\text*</span> macros for Greek characters
in text mode.</p>
</div>
<nav class="contents" id="contents" role="doc-toc">
<p class="topic-title">Contents</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#motivation" id="toc-entry-1">Motivation</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#usage" id="toc-entry-2">Usage</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#implementation" id="toc-entry-3">Implementation</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#identification" id="toc-entry-4">Identification</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#options" id="toc-entry-5">Options</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#normalize-symbols" id="toc-entry-6">normalize-symbols</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#keep-semicolon" id="toc-entry-7">keep-semicolon</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#symbol-macros-for-breathings" id="toc-entry-8">Symbol macros for breathings</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#font-encodings" id="toc-entry-9">Font encodings</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#default-declarations" id="toc-entry-10">Default declarations</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#greekscript-ensuregreek" id="toc-entry-11">greekscript, ensuregreek</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#greek-alphabet" id="toc-entry-12">Greek Alphabet</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#additional-greek-symbols" id="toc-entry-13">Additional Greek symbols</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#variant-shape-symbols" id="toc-entry-14">variant shape symbols</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#diacritics" id="toc-entry-15">Diacritics</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#auxiliary-macros" id="toc-entry-16">Auxiliary macros</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#semicolon-as-erotimatiko" id="toc-entry-17">semicolon as erotimatiko</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#todo" id="toc-entry-18">TODO</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#changelog" id="toc-entry-19">Changelog</a></p></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section id="motivation">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-1" role="doc-backlink">Motivation</a></h2>
<p>By default, TeX macros for Greek letters are only valid in mathematical
mode. This package sets up a suitable <a class="reference internal" href="#font-encoding">font encoding</a> and <cite>LaTeX internal
character representations</cite> (LICR) definitions for Greek (<span class="docutils literal">\textalpha</span> –
<span class="docutils literal">\textOmega</span>).</p>
<p>To allow documents using Greek LICR macros without worrying about the TeX
engine used to compile them, this package tests the declared font encodings
and does “the right thing” to set up Greek text font support:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>If an Unicode font encoding is declared by <span class="docutils literal">fontspec</span>, add Greek LICR
definitions.</p></li>
<li><p>Otherwise, the <a class="reference external" href="README.html#lgr">LGR font encoding</a> is set as <cite>default font encoding</cite>
(cf. <a class="reference external" href="https://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/base/fntguide.pdf">fntguide</a> section 5.3) for Greek.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Advantages:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Symbols from a Greek text font (e.g. the <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/cbgreek-complete">CB fonts</a>) can be accessed
without the need for an explicite font-encoding switch anywhere in the
text.</p></li>
<li><p>Unicode input of Greek characters is supported</p>
<ul>
<li><p>via <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}</span></span> and <span class="docutils literal">lgrenc.dfu</span> from
<a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/greek-inputenc">greek-inputenc</a> for 8-bit TeX or XeTeX/LuaTeX in 8-bit compatibility
mode in any font encoding (see <a class="reference external" href="textalpha-doc.tex">textalpha-doc.tex</a>).</p></li>
<li><p>natively by XeTeX/LuaTeX for Unicode fonts.</p>
<p>If 8-bit font encodings like LGR are used alongside Unicode fonts, text
input can be done via the Latin transliteration or LICR but <em>not via
literal Unicode characters</em> (see <a class="reference external" href="test-tuenc-greek.tex">test-tuenc-greek.tex</a>).</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<aside class="admonition attention" id="limitations">
<p class="admonition-title">Attention!</p>
<p>The macros work well in any font encoding for single symbols.
However, with 8-bit TeX engines, the automatic font-encoding switches
behind the doors interfere with kerning between letters and replacement
of accent+character with a pre-composed character.</p>
<p>Therefore, Greek text should be written with the help of <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/babel">babel</a> or
<a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/polyglossia">polyglossia</a> (setting the language to <span class="docutils literal">greek</span>) or wrapped in the
provided <span class="docutils literal">ensuregreek</span> macro.  Using <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/babel">babel</a> or <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/polyglossia">polyglossia</a> also helps
to ensure correct hyphenation of Greek text.</p>
</aside>
</section>
<section id="usage">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-2" role="doc-backlink">Usage</a></h2>
<p>Ensure support for Greek characters in text mode with</p>
<pre class="code latex literal-block"><code><span class="keyword">\usepackage</span><span class="name builtin">{</span>textalpha<span class="name builtin">}</span></code></pre>
<p>eventually with the options to <a class="reference internal" href="#normalize-symbols-variants">normalize symbols variants</a></p>
<pre class="code latex literal-block"><code><span class="keyword">\usepackage</span><span class="name attribute">[normalize-symbols]</span><span class="name builtin">{</span>textalpha<span class="name builtin">}</span></code></pre>
<p>and/or to <a class="reference internal" href="#use-the-semicolon-as-erotimatiko">use the semicolon as erotimatiko</a> also in 8-bit TeX</p>
<pre class="code latex literal-block"><code><span class="keyword">\usepackage</span><span class="name attribute">[normalize-symbols,keep-semicolon]</span><span class="name builtin">{</span>textalpha<span class="name builtin">}</span></code></pre>
<p>To give <span class="docutils literal">textalpha.sty</span> a chance of finding out which <a class="reference internal" href="#font-encodings">font encodings</a>
are used, load it after <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/fontspec">fontspec</a> and/or <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/fontenc">fontenc</a>.</p>
<p>For detailled examples see <a class="reference external" href="textalpha-doc.tex">textalpha-doc.tex</a> and <a class="reference external" href="textalpha-doc.pdf">textalpha-doc.pdf</a>
(8-bit TeX and XeTeX/LuaTeX in 8-bit compatibility mode) as well as
<a class="reference external" href="test-tuenc-greek.tex">test-tuenc-greek.tex</a> and <a class="reference external" href="test-tuenc-greek.pdf">test-tuenc-greek.pdf</a> (XeTeX/LuaTeX with
Unicode fonts).</p>
<p>With XeTeX or LuaTex, Unicode fonts and LGR encoded 8-bit fonts can be used
in the same document (see <a class="reference external" href="test-tuenc-greek.tex">test-tuenc-greek.tex</a>).</p>
</section>
<section id="implementation">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-3" role="doc-backlink">Implementation</a></h2>
<section id="identification">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-4" role="doc-backlink">Identification</a></h3>
<pre class="literal-block">\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesPackage{textalpha}
  [2023-03-17 2.2.2 macros for Greek letters in text]</pre>
</section>
<section id="options">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-5" role="doc-backlink">Options</a></h3>
<section id="normalize-symbols">
<span id="normalize-symbols-variants"></span><h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-6" role="doc-backlink">normalize-symbols</a></h4>
<p>The “variant shape” symbol characters like <span class="docutils literal">03D1 GREEK THETA SYMBOL</span> are
mathematical charcters for mathematical use
(similar to <span class="docutils literal">1D440 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL M</span>).
Unfortunately, some Greek texts sources in Unicode encoding mix letter and
symbol characters .</p>
<p>The “normalize-symbols” option controls the handling of <a class="reference internal" href="#variant-shape-symbols">variant shape
symbols</a> under 8-bit TeX:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>The option activates a simple “folding” mechanism that merges ϰ and κ to
textkappa etc. for text copied from external sources which may use the
GREEK SYMBOL characters in place of GREEK LETTERS,</p></li>
<li><p>Without this option, variant shape symbols in the input are reported as
errors to prevent information loss in cases where the distinction between
ϰ and κ is intended (e.g. in mathematical or scientific context).</p></li>
</ul>
<p>With XeTeX/LuaTeX and Unicode fonts, this option is ignored.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\newif\iftextalpha&#64;normalizeSymbols
\DeclareOption{normalize-symbols}{\textalpha&#64;normalizeSymbolstrue}</pre>
</section>
<section id="keep-semicolon">
<span id="use-the-semicolon-as-erotimatiko"></span><h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-7" role="doc-backlink">keep-semicolon</a></h4>
<p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Question_mark#Erotimatiko">erotimatiko</a> looks like a semicolon but is a
<strong>Greek question mark</strong>:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>The <a class="reference external" href="README.html#lgr">LGR font encoding</a> uses the Latin question mark as input for the
<cite>erotimatiko</cite> and maps the semicolon to a middle dot (<cite>ano teleia</cite>).</p></li>
<li><p>The Unicode standard provides the code point <span class="docutils literal">037E GREEK QUESTION MARK</span>
but says: “character <span class="docutils literal">003B SEMICOLON</span> (and not 037E) is the preferred
character for Greek question mark”.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">keep-semicolon</span></span> option allows to use the <a class="reference internal" href="#semicolon-as-erotimatiko">semicolon as erotimatiko</a>
in both, Xe/LuaTeX and 8-bit TeX. (The <cite>ano teleia</cite> can be input as
<span class="docutils literal">\textanoteleia</span> or using character <span class="docutils literal">00B7 MIDDLE DOT</span>.)
With XeTeX/LuaTeX and Unicode fonts, this option is ignored.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\newif\iftextalpha&#64;keepSemicolon
\DeclareOption{keep-semicolon}{\textalpha&#64;keepSemicolontrue}

\ProcessOptions\relax</pre>
</section>
</section>
<section id="symbol-macros-for-breathings">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-8" role="doc-backlink">Symbol macros for breathings</a></h3>
<p>In the Latin transliteration provided by LGR, breathing accents (Dasia and
Psili) are input as &lt; and &gt;. Provide the corresponding NFSS macro accents.
(Used below for LGR, TU, and PU, if these font encodings are defined):</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\newcommand{\textalpha&#64;define&#64;breathings}[1]{
  \DeclareTextCommand{\&lt;}{#1}{\accdasia}
  \DeclareTextCommand{\&gt;}{#1}{\accpsili}
  % Composite accents starting with the new-defined shortcuts:
  \DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\&gt;}{#1}{'}{\accpsilioxia}
  \DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\&gt;}{#1}{`}{\accpsilivaria}
  \DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\&gt;}{#1}{~}{\accpsiliperispomeni}
  \DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\&lt;}{#1}{'}{\accdasiaoxia}
  \DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\&lt;}{#1}{`}{\accdasiavaria}
  \DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\&lt;}{#1}{~}{\accdasiaperispomeni}
}</pre>
</section>
<section id="font-encodings">
<span id="font-encoding"></span><h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-9" role="doc-backlink">Font encodings</a></h3>
<p>With 8-bit LaTeX, the <a class="reference external" href="README.html#lgr">LGR font encoding</a> is used for Greek characters. If
no Greek-supporting font encoding (TU or LGR) is declared, LGR is
loaded and set up as default Greek font encoding by this package.</p>
<p>With XeTeX or LuaTeX, there is one common input and font encoding –
Unicode. 8-bit TeX font encodings are only used in compatibility mode or for
fonts not available otherwise. For compatibility with the LaTeX font
selection system, <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/fontspec">fontspec</a> defines the TU font encoding. However
<cite>fontspec</cite> does not define Greek LICR macros. We therefore explicitely
load Greek LICR definitions for XeTeX/LuaTeX from <a class="reference external" href="tuenc-greek.def.html">tuenc-greek.def</a> which in turn includes <a class="reference external" href="greek-fontenc.def.html">greek-fontenc.def</a>.</p>
<p>Ensure a Greek-supporting font encoding exists and supports Greek LICR
macros:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Load the Greek LICR definitions for Unicode if the font encoding TU
is detected.</p></li>
<li><p>If none of TU or LGR is declared, load <span class="docutils literal">tuenc.def</span> with
Xe/LuaTeX and <span class="docutils literal">lgrenc.def</span> else.</p></li>
</ul>
<pre class="literal-block">\ifdefined \UnicodeEncodingName % set by LaTeX for Unicode-aware engines
  \input{tuenc-greek.def}
  \textalpha&#64;define&#64;breathings{\UnicodeEncodingName}
  \DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\&lt;}{\UnicodeEncodingName}{^^9f}{\LGR&#64;hiatus}
  \DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\&gt;}{\UnicodeEncodingName}{^^9f}{\LGR&#64;hiatus}
\else
  \&#64;ifl&#64;aded{def}{lgrenc}
    {}
    {\input{lgrenc.def}
  }
\fi</pre>
<p>LGR may also be used in a document compiled with Xe/LuaTeX
(enables use of 8-bit TeX fonts and input via the Latin transliteration).
Add setup for breathings:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\&#64;ifl&#64;aded{def}{lgrenc}
  {\textalpha&#64;define&#64;breathings{LGR}
   % Hiatus feature (see greek-fontenc.def and babel-greek (greek.ldf))
   \DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\&lt;}{LGR}{^^9f}{\LGR&#64;hiatus}
   \DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\&gt;}{LGR}{^^9f}{\LGR&#64;hiatus}
   }
  {}</pre>
<p>The package <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/hyperref">hyperref</a> defines the PU font encoding and adds some
LICR commands for monotonic Greek (in punenc-greekbasick.def).
Add support for polytonic Greek, archaic symbols,
and the <span class="docutils literal">\greekscript</span> and <span class="docutils literal">\ensuregreek</span> TextCommands:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\AtBeginDocument{
  \&#64;ifl&#64;aded{def}{puenc}
    {\&#64;ifl&#64;aded{def}{puenc-greek}
      {}% already loaded (e.g. by babel-greek)
      {\edef\RestoreAtCatcode{\catcode`&#64;=\the\catcode`&#64;\relax}%
       \makeatletter
       \input{puenc-greek.def}
       \RestoreAtCatcode
      }%
     \textalpha&#64;define&#64;breathings{PU}
     \pdfstringdefDisableCommands{\let\TextOrMath\&#64;firstoftwo}
    }
    {}
}</pre>
<p>The TS1 font encoding (available by default since 2022) provides a
MICRO SIGN under the name <span class="docutils literal">\textmu</span> but we use this name for the
GREEK SMALL LETTER MU.
The new macro <span class="docutils literal">\textmicro</span> selects the character from TS1 fonts
and is not capitalised with <span class="docutils literal">\MakeUppercase</span>:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextSymbol{\textmicro}{TS1}{181} % micro sign
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textmicro}{TS1}</pre>
</section>
<section id="default-declarations">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-10" role="doc-backlink">Default declarations</a></h3>
<p>The following definitions ensure that the Greek LICR macros can be used
anywhere in the document also with 8-bit TeX by declaring LGR as their
default font encoding. Abort here, if the LGR font encoding is not defined:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\&#64;ifl&#64;aded{def}{lgrenc}{}{ % else return:
  \expandafter\endinput
}</pre>
<section id="greekscript-ensuregreek">
<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-11" role="doc-backlink">greekscript, ensuregreek</a></h4>
<p>The <span class="docutils literal">\greekscript</span> declaration ensures the current font encoding supports
the Greek script. <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">greek-fontenc.def</span></span> sets this to the empty declaration
for font encodings that do so. This is currently used by <span class="docutils literal">lgrenc.def</span>
(LGR) and <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tuenc-greek.def</span></span> (Greek LICR macros for TU, EU1, or EU2).</p>
<p>We define LGR as default encoding for Greek text. We use
<span class="docutils literal">\ProvideTextCommandDefault</span> to enable the author or other packages to use
an alternative definition (see [<a class="reference external" href="https://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/base/fntguide.pdf">fntguide</a>]):</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\ProvideTextCommandDefault{\greekscript}{\fontencoding{LGR}\selectfont
      \def\encodingdefault{LGR}}</pre>
<p>The <span class="docutils literal">\ensuregreek</span> command can be used to ensure that its argument is set in
a font encoding with support for Greek. Again the default is LGR:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\ProvideTextCommandDefault{\ensuregreek}[1]{\leavevmode{\greekscript #1}}</pre>
<!-- The [fntguide_] writes

  Note that ``\DeclareTextAccentDefault`` can be used on any
  one-argument encoding-specific command, not just those defined with
  ``\DeclareTextAccent``.

However, the simpler alternative
``\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\ensuregreek}{LGR}`` fails with the table of
Unicode characters in the test document `<textalpha-doc.tex>`__:

  ``! You can't use a prefix with `end-group character }'.`` -->
<p>Eventually, all font encodings supporting Greek script (e.g. LGI, PU, TU)
will declare <span class="docutils literal">\ensuregreek</span> as text command that passes the
argument unchanged. This way, kerning and selection of precomposed glyphs
would work also for cases like <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\ensuregreek{\'A}U</span></span>.</p>
</section>
<section id="greek-alphabet">
<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-12" role="doc-backlink">Greek Alphabet</a></h4>
<p>Define the <span class="docutils literal">text*</span> marcos as default for all font encodings:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textAlpha}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textBeta}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textGamma}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textDelta}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textEpsilon}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textZeta}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textEta}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textTheta}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textIota}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textKappa}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textLambda}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textMu}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textNu}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textXi}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textOmicron}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textPi}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textRho}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textSigma}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textTau}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textUpsilon}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textPhi}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textChi}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textPsi}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textOmega}{LGR}
%
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textalpha}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textbeta}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textgamma}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textdelta}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textepsilon}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textzeta}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\texteta}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\texttheta}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textiota}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textkappa}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textlambda}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textmu}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textmugreek}{LGR} % (puenc.def)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textnu}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textxi}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textomicron}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textpi}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textrho}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textsigma}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textvarsigma}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textfinalsigma}{LGR} % alias for \textvarsigma
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textautosigma}{LGR}  % char 115 in LGR
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\texttau}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textupsilon}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textphi}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textchi}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textpsi}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textomega}{LGR}</pre>
</section>
<section id="additional-greek-symbols">
<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-13" role="doc-backlink">Additional Greek symbols</a></h4>
<p>Including alias names for compatibility with hyperref’s puenc.def.</p>
<p>Ancient Greek Numbers (Athenian Numerals):</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textpentedeka}{LGR}    % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIFTY
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textpentehekaton}{LGR} % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIVE HUNDRED
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textpenteqilioi}{LGR}  % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIVE THOUSAND
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textpentemurioi}{LGR}  % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIFTY THOUSAND</pre>
<p>Archaic letters:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textstigma}{LGR}      % ϛ
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textstigmagreek}{LGR} % ϛ (puenc.def)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textvarstigma}{LGR}   % stigma variant (no separate Unicode character)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textkoppa}{LGR}       % ϟ Greek small letter koppa
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textkoppagreek}{LGR}  % ϟ (puenc.def)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textKoppa}{LGR}       % ϟ Greek letter koppa (numeral koppa)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textKoppagreek}{LGR}  % ϟ (puenc.def)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textqoppa}{LGR}       % ϙ (archaic koppa)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textQoppa}{LGR}       % Ϙ (archaic Koppa)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textStigma}{LGR}      % Ϛ ϹΤ ligature in some fonts
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textStigmagreek}{LGR} % Ϛ (puenc.def)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textSampi}{LGR}       % Ϡ
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textSampigreek}{LGR}  % Ϡ (puenc.def)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textsampi}{LGR}       % ϡ
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textsampigreek}{LGR}  % ϡ (puenc.def)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textanoteleia}{LGR}   % ·
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\texterotimatiko}{LGR} % ; (003B is the preferred character)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textdigamma}{LGR}     % ϝ
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textDigamma}{LGR}     % Ϝ
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textdigammagreek}{LGR} % ϝ (puenc.def)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textDigammagreek}{LGR} % Ϝ (puenc.def)</pre>
<p>numeral signs: <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_numerals">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_numerals</a></p>
<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textdexiakeraia}{LGR}      % ʹ (Dexia keraia)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textnumeralsigngreek}{LGR} % (puenc.def)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textaristerikeraia}{LGR}   % ͵ (Aristeri keraia)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textnumeralsignlowergreek}{LGR} % (puenc.def)</pre>
<section id="variant-shape-symbols">
<h5><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-14" role="doc-backlink">variant shape symbols</a></h5>
<p>Mathematical notation uses variant shapes of some Greek letters as
additional symbols.  There are separate code points for the symbol variants
in Unicode but not in the LGR font encoding used for Greek in 8-bit TeX.
The variations have no syntactic meaning in Greek text.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textbetasymbol}{LGR}    % ϐ GREEK BETA SYMBOL
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textthetasymbol}{LGR}   % ϑ $\vartheta$ GREEK THETA SYMBOL
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textphisymbol}{LGR}     % ϕ $\phi$ GREEK PHI SYMBOL
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textpisymbol}{LGR}      % ϖ $\varpi$ GREEK PI SYMBOL
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textkappasymbol}{LGR}   % ϰ GREEK KAPPA SYMBOL
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textrhosymbol}{LGR}     % ϱ $\varrho$ GREEK RHO SYMBOL
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textThetasymbol}{LGR}   % ϴ GREEK CAPITAL THETA SYMBOL
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textepsilonsymbol}{LGR} % ϵ $\epsilon$ GREEK LUNATE EPSILON SYMBOL</pre>
<p>Define compatibility mappings if the <a class="reference internal" href="#normalize-symbols">normalize-symbols</a> option is set:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\iftextalpha&#64;normalizeSymbols
  \DeclareTextCommand{\textbetasymbol}   {LGR}{\textbeta}
  \DeclareTextCommand{\textthetasymbol}  {LGR}{\texttheta}
  \DeclareTextCommand{\textphisymbol}    {LGR}{\textphi}
  \DeclareTextCommand{\textpisymbol}     {LGR}{\textpi}
  \DeclareTextCommand{\textkappasymbol}  {LGR}{\textkappa}
  \DeclareTextCommand{\textrhosymbol}    {LGR}{\textrho}
  \DeclareTextCommand{\textThetasymbol}  {LGR}{\textTheta}
  \DeclareTextCommand{\textepsilonsymbol}{LGR}{\textepsilon}
\fi</pre>
</section>
</section>
<section id="diacritics">
<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-15" role="doc-backlink">Diacritics</a></h4>
<p>Greek diacritics via “named” macros:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accdasia}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accpsili}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\acctonos}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accvaria}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accperispomeni}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accdialytika}{LGR}
%
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accdasiaoxia}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accdasiavaria}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accdasiaperispomeni}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accpsilioxia}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accpsilivaria}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accpsiliperispomeni}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accdialytikatonos}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accdialytikavaria}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accdialytikaperispomeni}{LGR}</pre>
<p>Symbol macros for the breathings:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\&lt;}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\&gt;}{LGR}</pre>
<p>Postfix accents:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\ypogegrammeni}{LGR} % subscript mute iota (combining)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\prosgegrammeni}{LGR}  % adscript mute iota (spacing)</pre>
<p>Other accents in LGR:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accinvertedbrevebelow}{LGR} % INVERTED BREVE BELOW
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\textsubarch}{LGR}           % tipa, Teubner name: ut
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\accbrevebelow}{LGR}         % BREVE BELOW</pre>
</section>
<section id="auxiliary-macros">
<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-16" role="doc-backlink">Auxiliary macros</a></h4>
<p><span class="docutils literal">\MakeUppercase</span> requires four internal commands:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\LGR&#64;accdropped}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\LGR&#64;accDialytika}{LGR}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault{\LGR&#64;hiatus}{LGR}
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\LGR&#64;ypogegrammeni}{LGR}</pre>
</section>
<section id="semicolon-as-erotimatiko">
<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-17" role="doc-backlink">semicolon as erotimatiko</a></h4>
<p>The text command <span class="docutils literal">\textsemicolon</span> inserts <span class="docutils literal">\texterotimatiko</span>
in LGR font encoding and a “normal” semicolon else.
In math mode, it inserts the “normal” semicolon also if the text font
encoding is LGR:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\ProvideTextCommandDefault{\textsemicolon}{;}
\ProvideTextCommand{\textsemicolon}{LGR}{\texterotimatiko}</pre>
<p>The LGR font encoding maps “;” to a middle dot (ano teleia). With the
<a class="reference internal" href="#keep-semicolon">keep-semicolon</a> option, the semicolon is made an active character and calls
<span class="docutils literal">\textsemicolon</span>:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\iftextalpha&#64;keepSemicolon
  \catcode`;=\active
  \newcommand{;}{\TextOrMath{\textsemicolon}{\char59}}
\fi</pre>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section id="todo">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-18" role="doc-backlink">TODO</a></h2>
<ul>
<li><p>Load <span class="docutils literal">lgrenc.def</span> rsp. <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tuenc-greek.def</span></span> after the common definitions
and after <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">puenc-greek.def</span></span>?</p>
<blockquote>
<p>If an encoding-specific command is defined for more than one encoding,
then it will execute fastest in the encoding in which it was defined
last since its top-level definition will be set up to execute in that
encoding without any overhead.</p>
<p>…</p>
<p>For the same reason default declarations should never come last since
they are implemented as a special encoding themselves (with the name “?”).
Specifying them last would simply mean to make those encoding-specific
commands equally inefficient in all encodings.</p>
<p class="attribution">—source2e.pdf, chapter “ltoutenc.dtx”,
subsection “The order of declarations”.</p>
</blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="changelog">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#toc-entry-19" role="doc-backlink">Changelog</a></h2>
<table class="borderless">
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>0.1</p></td>
<td><p>2010-06-16</p></td>
<td><p>initial version</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>0.2</p></td>
<td><p>2012-06-27</p></td>
<td><p>support for compound Unicode definitions outside LGR</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>0.3</p></td>
<td><p>2013-05-03</p></td>
<td><p>new accent macro names with <span class="docutils literal">lgrxenc.def</span> 0.7</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>0.4</p></td>
<td><p>2013-05-28</p></td>
<td><p>use <span class="docutils literal">lgrenc.def</span> from greek-fontenc.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>0.5</p></td>
<td><p>2013-09-11</p></td>
<td><p>move to <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/greek-fontenc">greek-fontenc</a>,</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><!--  -->
</td>
<td></td>
<td><p>support XeTeX/LuaTeX, add breve below accents.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>0.11</p></td>
<td><p>2013-11-28</p></td>
<td><p>compatibility with Xe/LuaTeX in 8-bit mode.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>0.12</p></td>
<td><p>2014-12-12</p></td>
<td><p>fix auxiliary macro names,
define symbol macros for breathing accents.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>0.13</p></td>
<td><p>2015-09-04</p></td>
<td><p>Option <a class="reference internal" href="#normalize-symbols">normalize-symbols</a>: support for symbol variants.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><!--  -->
</td>
<td></td>
<td><p>Option <a class="reference internal" href="#keep-semicolon">keep-semicolon</a>: use semicolon as erotimatiko
in LGR.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>0.13.2</p></td>
<td><p>2016-02-05</p></td>
<td><p>Support for standard Unicode text font encoding “TU”
(new in fontspec v2.5a).</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>0.13.4</p></td>
<td><p>2019-07-11</p></td>
<td><p>Auxiliary command for subscript iota.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>0.14</p></td>
<td><p>2020-02-28</p></td>
<td><p>Update test for Unicode fonts.
Rename <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">greek-euenc</span></span> to <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tuenc-greek</span></span>.
Don’t use <span class="docutils literal">\LastDeclaredEncoding</span>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>1.0</p></td>
<td><p>2020-09-25</p></td>
<td><p>Also set <span class="docutils literal">\encodingdefault</span> with <span class="docutils literal">\greekscript</span>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>2.0</p></td>
<td><p>2020-10-30</p></td>
<td><p>Load <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tuenc-greek.def</span></span> with Xe/LuaTeX by default.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><!--  -->
</td>
<td></td>
<td><p>Load <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">puenc-greek.def</span></span> if used with <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/hyperref">hyperref</a>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>2.2</p></td>
<td><p>2023-02-28</p></td>
<td><p>Don’t use <span class="docutils literal">\makeatother</span> in <span class="docutils literal">\AtBeginDocument</span>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>2.2.1</p></td>
<td><p>2023-03-08</p></td>
<td><p>Documentation update.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>2.2.2</p></td>
<td><p>2023-03-17</p></td>
<td><p>Don’t map active <cite>;</cite> to <span class="docutils literal">\textsemicolon</span> in math mode.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!-- References
- - - - - - - - - - -->
</section>
</main>
</body>
</html>