summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/info/beginlatex/html/chapter1.html
blob: 047026a7870c10932e7fc3aefea2f8bedd097348 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
<!DOCTYPE html
  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "/dtds/html4t.dtd">

<!--Generated from beginlatex.XML.xml with typebook-html.xslt on 2005-04-04T01:02:05--><html>
   <head>
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
   
      <title>Formatting information: Chapter 1&nbsp;&#8212; Installing  and </title>
      <link rel="stylesheet" href="typebook.css" type="text/css">
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css">
   </head>
   <body>
      <table width="100%">
         <tr>
            <th class="title" width="66%">
               <h1><a name="doctitle">Formatting information</a></h1>
               <h2>A beginner's introduction to typesetting with
                  <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span></h2>
               <h3>Chapter 1&nbsp;&#8212; Installing  and </h3>
               <h3>Peter Flynn</h3>
               <h4>Silmaril Consultants<br>Textual Therapy Division
               </h4><br>v. 3.6 (March 2005)
            </th>
            <td class="toc" width="33%">
               <h4><a name="doctoc">Contents</a></h4>
               <dl>
                  <dd class=""><a href="intro.html#intro">Introduction</a></dd>
                  <dd class=""><a href="foreword.html#foreword">Foreword</a></dd>
                  <dd class=""><a href="preface.html#preface">Preface</a></dd>
               </dl>
               <ol>
                  <li class="current"><a href="chapter1.html#get">Installing <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> and <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span></a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="chapter2.html#plaintext">Using your editor to create documents</a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="chapter3.html#basic">Basic document structures</a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="chapter4.html#process">Typesetting, viewing and printing</a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="chapter5.html#ctan">CTAN, packages, and online help</a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="chapter6.html#otherdoc">Other document structures</a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="chapter7.html#texttools">Textual tools</a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="chapter8.html#typo">Fonts and layouts</a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="chapter9.html#macros">Programmability (macros)</a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="chapter10.html#compat">Compatibility with other systems</a></li>
               </ol>
               <ol type="A">
                  <li class=""><a href="appendixA.html#cnf">Configuring <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> search paths</a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="appendixB.html#tugform"><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Users Group membership</a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="appendixC.html#asciicharset">The ASCII character set</a></li>
                  <li class=""><a href="appendixD.html#gfdl">GNU Free Documentation License</a></li>
               </ol>
               <dl>
                  <dd class=""><a href="bibliography.html#biblio">References</a></dd>
                  <dd class=""><a href="index.html#index">Index</a></dd>
               </dl>
            </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td class="credits">
               <p>This edition of <cite>Formatting
                     	  Information</cite> was prompted by the generous help I
                  	have received from <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> users too numerous to mention
                  	individually. Shortly after TUGboat published the November
                  	2003 edition, I was reminded by a spate of email of the
                  	fragility of documentation for a system like <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> which is
                  	constantly under development. There have been revisions to
                  	packages; issues of new distributions, new tools, and new
                  	interfaces; new books and other new documents; corrections to
                  	my own errors; suggestions for rewording; and in one or two
                  	cases mild abuse for having omitted package X which the author
                  	felt to be indispensable to users. &para;&nbsp;I am grateful as always to the people who sent me
                  	corrections and suggestions for improvement. Please keep them
                  	coming: only this way can this book reflect what people
                  	want to learn. The same limitation still applies, however: no
                  	mathematics, as there are already a dozen or more excellent
                  	books on the market&nbsp;&#8212; as well as other online
                  	documents&nbsp;&#8212; dealing with mathematical typesetting in
                  <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> and <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> in finer and better detail than I am
                  	capable of. &para;&nbsp;The structure remains the same, but I have revised and
                  	rephrased a lot of material, especially in the earlier
                  	chapters where a new user cannot be expected yet to have
                  	acquired any depth of knowledge. Many of the screenshots have
                  	been updated, and most of the examples and code fragments have
                  	been retested. &para;&nbsp;As I was finishing this edition, I was asked to review
                  	an article for <cite><a href="http://www.tug.org/pracjourn/" name="C3">The Prac<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Journal</a></cite>, which
                  	grew out of the Practical <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Conference in 2004. The
                  	author specifically took the writers of documentation to task
                  	for failing to explain things more clearly, and as I read
                  	more, I found myself agreeing, and resolving to clear up some
                  	specific problems areas as far as possible. It is very
                  	difficult for people who write technical documentation to
                  	remember how they struggled to learn what has now become a
                  	familiar system. So much of what we do is second nature, and a
                  	lot of it actually has nothing to do with the software, but
                  	more with the way in which we view and approach information,
                  	and the general level of knowledge of computing. If I have
                  	obscured something by making unreasonable assumptions about
                  	<em>your</em> knowledge, please let me know so
                  	that I can correct&nbsp;it. 
                  <p>Peter Flynn is author of <cite><a href="bibliography.html#htmlbook" name="C4">The HTML Handbook</a></cite> and <cite><a href="bibliography.html#sgmltools" name="C5">Understanding SGML and XML Tools</a></cite>, and editor of <cite><a href="http://www.ucc.ie/xml/" name="C6">The XML FAQ</a></cite>.
                  </p>
               </p>
            </td>
            <td class="legal">
               <p>
                  <p>This document is Copyright &copy; 1999&#8211;2005 by
                     Silmaril Consultants under the terms of what is now the GNU
                     Free Documentation License (copyleft).
                  </p>
                  <p>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify
                     this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation
                     License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the
                     Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
                     Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the
                     license is included in the section entitled <cite><a href="http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/fdl.html" name="C1">The GNU Free Documentation License</a></cite>.
                  </p>
                  <p>You are allowed to distribute, reproduce, and modify it
                     without fee or further requirement for consent subject to the
                     conditions in <a href="appendixD.html#gfdl-4">section D.5</a>. The author has
                     asserted his right to be identified as the author of this
                     document. If you make useful modifications you are asked to
                     inform the author so that the master copy can be updated. See
                     the full text of the License in <a href="appendixD.html#gfdl">Appendix D</a>.
                     
                  </p>
               </p>
            </td>
         </tr>
      </table>
      <div class="chapter">
         <table width="100%">
            <tr>
               <td align="center"><small><i class="chaphead"><b><a name="get">CHAPTER</a></b></i></small><br><table border="1">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="chapno">1</td>
                     </tr>
                  </table>
               </td>
               <td><pre class="spacing"></pre></td>
               <td>
                  <p>&nbsp;</p>
                  <h1>Installing <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> and <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span></h1>
               </td>
               <td class="toc">
                  <p>&nbsp;</p>
                  <ol>
                     <li><a href="#editdis">Editing and display</a></li>
                     <li><a href="#lininst">Installation for Linux and Unix</a></li>
                     <li><a href="#macinst">Installation for Apple Mac</a></li>
                     <li><a href="#wininst">Installation for Microsoft Windows</a></li>
                  </ol>
               </td>
               <td align="right"><a href="#doctoc"><img src="top.png" title="Table of Contents" width="32" alt="ToC" align="right" border="0"></a></td>
            </tr>
         </table><a name="I5"></a><a name="I6"></a><a name="I7"></a><a name="I8"></a><a name="I9"></a><a name="I10"></a><a name="I11"></a><a name="I12"></a><a name="I13"></a><a name="I14"></a><p>This course is based on using one of
            the following distributions of <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> on the 2004 <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>
            Collection DVD or the 2003 <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Live CD:
         </p>
         <blockquote>
            <dl>
               <dt><b>te<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></b></dt>
               <dd>
                  <p>for Linux and other Unix-like systems, including Mac
                     OS&#8201;X (<a name="esser">Thomas Esser</a>);
                  </p>
               </dd>
               <dt><b>pro<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>t</b></dt>
               <dd>
                  <p>for Microsoft Windows (<a name="tf">Thomas Feuerstack</a>), based on <a name="cs">Christian Schenk</a>'s
                     Mik<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>;
                  </p>
               </dd>
               <dt><b>fp<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></b></dt>
               <dd>
                  <p>for Microsoft Windows (<a name="popineau">Fabrice  Popineau</a>) from the 2003 <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Live CD.
                  </p>
               </dd>
            </dl>
         </blockquote>
         <p>Many other implementations of <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>,
            such as <a name="tk">Tom Kiffe</a>'s CMac<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> for the Apple Macintosh, can be
            downloaded from <small><a href="chapter5.html#CTAN" class="acroref" name="A50" title="Comprehensive Archive Network">CTAN</a></small>. <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> is
            included with all modern distributions of <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>.
         </p>
         <p>The <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Collection CD is issued
            annually on behalf of most of the local <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> user groups
            around the world (see <a href="http://www.tug.org/lugs.html"><tt>http://www.tug.org/lugs.html</tt></a> for addresses),
            and edited by <a name="sr">Sebastian Rahtz</a>, <a name="kb">Karl Berry</a>, <a name="ml">Manfred Lotz</a>, and the authors of the software mentioned above.
            These people give an enormous amount of their personal time and
            energy to building and distributing these systems, and they
            deserve the thanks and support of the user community for all
            they do.
         </p>
         <p>There are many other distributions of <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> both free and
            commercial, as described in <a href="intro.html#intro">this Introduction</a>: they all process <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> identically, but
            there are some differences in size, speed, packaging, and (in
            the case of commercial distributions) price, support, and extra
            software provided.
         </p>
         <p>One final thing before we start: publicly-maintained
            software like <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> is updated faster than commercial software,
            so <em>always check to see if there is a more recent
               version of the installation</em>. See <a href="chapter1.html#latest">the item &#8216;Use the latest versions&#8217; in section 1.4.3</a> for more details.
         </p>
         <div class="sect1">
            <h2><a href="#get"><img src="up.png" title="Chapter Contents" width="32" alt="ToC" align="right" border="0"></a>1.1 <a name="editdis">Editing and display</a></h2>
            <p>When you install <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> you will
               have the opportunity to decide  <i>a</i>)&nbsp;which plain-text editor[s] you want to use to create
               and maintain your documents;  and <i>b</i>)&nbsp;which preview programs you want to use to see your
               typesetting. This isn't much use to you if you're
               unfamiliar with editors and previewers, so have a look at the
               table below, and maybe flip ahead to <a href="chapter2.html#editors">section 2.3</a> for a moment, where there are
               descriptions and screenshots.
            </p>
            <p>The best bet is probably to install more than one&nbsp;&#8212; if
               you've got the disk space&nbsp;&#8212; or maybe all of them, because
               you can always delete the ones you don't like.
            </p>
            <blockquote>
               <dl>
                  <dt><b>Editors</b></dt>
                  <dd>
                     <p>There is a wide range of editors available: probably
                        no other piece of software causes more flame-wars in
                        Internet and other discussions than your choice of
                        editor. It's a highly personal choice, so feel free
                        to pick the one you like. My personal biases are
                        probably revealed below, so feel equally free to ignore
                        them.
                     </p>
                  </dd>
                  <dt><b>Previewers</b></dt>
                  <dd>
                     <p>For displaying your
                        typesetting before printing, you will need a previewer.
                        All systems come with a <small><a href="chapter4.html#DVI" class="acroref" name="A51" title="device-independent">DVI</a></small>
                        previewer for standard <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span>,
                        but if you are intending to produce industry-standard
                        <a name="t3">PostScript</a> or <small><a href="chapter4.html#PDF" class="acroref" name="A52" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a></small> (Adobe Acrobat) files you will
                        need a previewer for those formats.
                        <i><a name="p26">GSview</a></i> displays both
                        <a name="t4">PostScript</a> and <small><a href="chapter4.html#PDF" class="acroref" name="A53" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a></small> files;
                        <i><a name="p27">xpdf</a></i> and Adobe's own
                        <i><a name="p28">Acrobat Reader</a></i> just display
                        <small><a href="chapter4.html#PDF" class="acroref" name="A54" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a></small> files.
                     </p>
                  </dd>
               </dl>
            </blockquote>
            <p>For brief details of some of the most popular editors used
               	for <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span>, see <a href="chapter2.html#editors">section 2.3</a>.
            </p>
            <blockquote class="warning">
               <h4><img src="warning.png" align="middle" alt="!!!"> &nbsp; <a name="pdfurl">Additional downloads</a></h4>
               <p>For licensing reasons, the
                  <i><a name="p29">GSview</a></i> PostScript/PDF previewer,
                  the <i><a name="p30">Acrobat Reader</a></i> PDF previewer,
                  and the <i><a name="p31">WinEdt</a></i> editor could not
                  be distributed on the 2003 CDs. In those cases you have to
                  download and install them separately.
               </p>
               <ul>
                  <li>
                     <p><i><a name="p32">GSview</a></i> is available for
                        all platforms from <a href="http://www.ghostscript.com/gsview/index.htm"><tt>http://www.ghostscript.com/gsview/index.htm</tt></a>
                        (on Unix and VMS systems it's also available as
                        <i><a name="p33">GhostView</a></i> and
                        <i><a name="p34">gv</a></i>: see <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/"><tt>http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/</tt></a>)
                     </p>
                  </li>
                  <li>
                     <p><i><a name="p35">Acrobat Reader</a></i> (all
                        platforms) can be downloaded from <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html"><tt>http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html</tt></a></p>
                  </li>
                  <li>
                     <p><i><a name="p36">WinEdt</a></i> (Microsoft Windows
                        only) comes from <a href="http://www.winedt.com"><tt>http://www.winedt.com</tt></a></p>
                  </li>
               </ul>
            </blockquote>
         </div>
         <div class="sect1">
            <h2><a href="#get"><img src="up.png" title="Chapter Contents" width="32" alt="ToC" align="right" border="0"></a>1.2 <a name="lininst">Installation for Linux and Unix</a></h2>
            <p>Make sure your system libraries and utilities are up to
               date. If you are using Red Hat Linux, use
               <i><a name="p37">yum</a></i> or
               <i><a name="p38">up2date</a></i> to download and install
               updates. For Debian and other distributions, use
               <i><a name="p39">apt-get</a></i> or similar. On Red Hat
               systems, remove any RPM version of te<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> and associated
               utilities which may have been
               preinstalled, in order to avoid version conflicts.
            </p>
            <p>If you are installing <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Live to a new partition, and
               you have the opportunity to reformat the partition before use,
               use <i><a name="p40">mkfs</a></i> with a granularity as
               small as it will go (usually 1024 bytes). This avoids the
               partition running out of inodes because <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> uses very large
               numbers of very small files.
            </p>
            <p>Plan the installation carefully if you are installing for
               multiple users (a shared machine): read <a href="chapter5.html#pkginst">section 5.2</a> for some comments on where to put additional
               files downloaded later, and see the FAQ on the same topic at
               <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=wherefiles"><tt>http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=wherefiles</tt></a></p>
            <p>Above all, <a name="RTFM" class="acroref">Read The Fine
                  Manual</a>&nbsp;(<small>RTFM</small>). The documentation is in
               <code>live.html</code> and
               <code>live.pdf</code> on the disk in the directory
               <code>texlive2004/texmf-doc/doc/english/texlive-en/</code></p>
            <div class="figure" align="center">
               <hr>
               <caption><i>Figure 1.1</i>:&nbsp;<a name=""><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Live installation manual</a></caption>
               <div align="center" style="margin:12px"><img src="tlcdoc.png" width="75%"></div>
               <hr>
            </div>
            <blockquote><pre>
# cd /<code><u>mnt/cdrom</u></code>/texlive2004
# sh install-tl.sh
      </pre></blockquote>
            <p>The installer runs in a shell window, so it can be done
               	even from headless systems (those with no X Window client),
               	but it does need to be installed as root if you want to stick
               	with the default directory locations or install it system-wide
               	for multiple users. To install, just type the commands shown
               	above.
            </p>
            <p>The options are mostly self-explanatory, and beginners
               should pick the recommended scheme and leave all other
               settings at their defaults. The character-driven interface
               lets you browse around the settings changing things and
               looking at options before you commit to installing
               anything.
            </p>
            <div class="figure" align="center">
               <hr>
               <caption><i>Figure 1.2</i>:&nbsp;<a name="">The Unix installation program</a></caption>
               <blockquote><pre class="scriptsize">
==================&gt; TeX Live installation procedure &lt;=================

===&gt; Note: Letters/digits in &lt;angle brackets&gt; indicate menu items &lt;===
===&gt;       for commands or configurable options                   &lt;===

    Proposed platform: Intel x86 with GNU/Linux
    &lt;P&gt; over-ride system detection and choose platform
    &lt;B&gt; binary systems:         1 out of 10
    &lt;S&gt; Installation scheme (scheme_recommended)
    [customizing installation scheme:
       &lt;C&gt; standard collections   &lt;L&gt; language collections]
    20 out of 75, disk space required: 246857 kB
    &lt;D&gt; directories:
      TEXDIR      (The main TeX directory)        : /usr/TeX
      TEXMFLOCAL  (Directory for local styles etc): /usr/TeX/texmf-local
      VARTEXMF    (Directory for local config)    : /usr/TeX/texmf-var
    &lt;O&gt; options:
       [ ] alternate directory for generated fonts ()
       [ ] create symlinks in standard directories
       [ ] do not install macro/font doc tree
       [ ] do not install macro/font source tree
    &lt;R&gt; do not install files, set up to run off CD or DVD
    &lt;I&gt; start installation
    &lt;H&gt; help,  &lt;Q&gt; quit

Enter command:
          </pre></blockquote>
               <hr>
            </div>
            <p>&#8216;Collections&#8217; (the <i><a name="v5">C</a></i> and
               	<i><a name="v6">L</a></i> options) are groups of <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> packages
               	that you can include or exclude. It's best to leave this
               	alone unless you know you need something specific. The only
               	options I sometimes set are under <i><a name="v7">O</a></i>: the
               	&#8216;alternate directory for generated fonts&#8217; may
               	need to be on a different partition for performance reasons on
               	a shared system; and I always select &#8216;create symlinks in
               	  standard directories&#8217; so that the system works
               	immediately after the post-installation configuration (after
               	installation, run <i><a name="p41">texconfig</a></i> to
               	adjust your local settings.
            </p>
            <div class="figure" align="center">
               <hr>
               <caption><i>Figure 1.3</i>:&nbsp;<a name="">Running the post-installation program
                     <i><a name="p42">texconfig</a></i></a></caption>
               <div align="center" style="margin:12px"><img src="texconfig.png" width="75%"></div>
               <hr>
            </div>
            <p>Note that the Linux/Unix installation does not install any
               editors: it is assumed you can do this yourself from your
               distribution's standard package system (most likely
               you will already be using <i><a name="p43">Emacs</a></i> or
               <i><a name="p44">vi</a></i> anyway).
            </p>
         </div>
         <div class="sect1">
            <h2><a href="#get"><img src="up.png" title="Chapter Contents" width="32" alt="ToC" align="right" border="0"></a>1.3 <a name="macinst">Installation for Apple Mac</a></h2>
            <p>This is exactly the same interface as for the Linux/Unix
               installation. You need the <i><a name="p45">bash</a></i>
               shell (see the warning in the manual for users of older systems).
            </p>
            <p>There is a choice of graphical editors for the Mac: two
               are included on the DVD, <i><a name="p46"><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>Shop</a></i>
               and <i><a name="p47">I<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>Mac</a></i>, but they need to be
               installed separately, after installing <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>.
            </p>
         </div>
         <div class="sect1">
            <h2><a href="#get"><img src="up.png" title="Chapter Contents" width="32" alt="ToC" align="right" border="0"></a>1.4 <a name="wininst">Installation for Microsoft Windows</a></h2>
            <div class="figure" align="center">
               <hr>
               <caption><i>Figure 1.1</i>:&nbsp;<a name=""><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Collection 2004 DVD</a></caption>
               <div align="center" style="margin:12px"><img src="tcdvddir.png" width="75%"></div>
               <hr>
            </div>
            <p>Before you install <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>, make
               sure you have enough disk space: the default installation
               takes about 350Mb on a modern filesystem. The installation
               assumes you have a fully updated version of Windows, so visit
               the Microsoft Web site first (<a href="http://www.microsoft.com/"><tt>http://www.microsoft.com/</tt></a>) and click on
               <i><a name="p48">Windows Update</a></i>. Select and install
               all the relevant updates for your operating system (Windows
               95, 98, ME, 2000, NT, or XP). You should be doing this
               regularly anyway, to keep your system healthy. You may want to
               run <i><a name="p49">ScanDisk</a></i> and give your hard
               disks a full surface check. <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> consists of a very large
               number of quite small files, so it's important that your
               disk is in good order.
            </p>
            <p>When you insert the distribution
               DVD or CD, it should start the setup program automatically. If
               you have auto-run turned off, open <i><a name="p50">My
                     Computer</a></i>, double-click on the DVD or CD drive,
               and then double-click <i><a name="p51">Autorun</a></i> to
               start the setup program.<sup><a href="#F7">1</a></sup></p>
            <ol class="footnotes" start="1">
               <li><a name="F7">Some builds of Windows seem to have a bug that stops
                     <i><a name="p52">Autorun</a></i> starting the
                     installation. In that case (for the <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Collection 2004
                     DVD) double-click <code>Setup.exe</code> instead,
                     or (for the <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>
                     Collection 2003 CD) go to the <code>tpm</code>
                     folder and double-click on
                     <code>TeXSetup.exe</code>.</a></li>
            </ol>
            <div class="sect2">
               <h3><a href="#doctoc"><img src="up.png" title="Chapter Contents" width="32" alt="ToC" align="right" border="0"></a>1.4.1 pro<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>t (<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Collection 2004)
               </h3>
               <p>For pro<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>t from the <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>
                  Collection DVD, follow the instructions in the PDF
                  documentation which opens automatically when you start
                  the setup.
               </p>
               <div class="figure" align="center">
                  <hr>
                  <caption><i>Figure 1.1</i>:&nbsp;<a name="">pro<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>t comes with its own installation
                        guide</a></caption>
                  <div align="center" style="margin:12px"><img src="tcptpdf.png" width="50%"></div>
                  <hr>
               </div>
               <p>The documentation contains links (in large blue type)
                  that you click on in sequence to run the installation
                  process. (This is actually very good: everything worked
                  first time when I did it on XP.) Basically, you need to
                  install  <i>a</i>)&nbsp;<i><a name="p53">MIK<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></a></i>;  <i>b</i>)&nbsp;<strong>either</strong>&nbsp;<i><a name="p54">WinEdt</a></i>
                  (with or without some of its add-ons) <strong>or</strong>&nbsp;<i><a name="p55"><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>nicCenter</a></i>;  and <i>c</i>)&nbsp;<i><a name="p56">GhostScript</a></i> and
                  <i><a name="p57">GSview</a></i>.
               </p>
               <blockquote class="warning"><a name=""></a><p><img src="warning.png" align="left" alt="!!!">You only need to install items <a href="chapter1.html#nldi">step 3</a>
                     	    to <a href="chapter1.html#td">step 5</a> if you install
                     	    <i><a name="p58">WinEdt</a></i>.
                  </p>
               </blockquote>
               <div class="figure" align="center">
                  <hr>
                  <caption><i>Figure 1.2</i>:&nbsp;<a name="tcpt1">First document in
                        <i><a name="p59"><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>nicCenter</a></i></a></caption>
                  <div align="center" style="margin:12px"><img src="tcptfirstdoc.png" width="75%"></div>
                  <hr>
               </div>
               <ol>
                  <li><b>Install <i><a name="p60">MIK<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></a></i></b><br><p><i><a name="p61">pro<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>t</a></i> uses the
                        <i><a name="p62">MIK<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></a></i> distribution as its
                        core, a long-established and popular distribution for
                        Windows.
                     </p>
                  </li>
                  <li><b>Install <i><a name="p63">WinEdt</a></i></b><br><p>This is optional: it's a good editor,
                        especially for the heavy user of a
                        <i><a name="p64">MIK<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></a></i>-based system. This is
                        a free month's trial&nbsp;&#8212; after that it reminds you to cough
                        up and register.
                     </p>
                  </li>
                  <li><b><a name="nldi">Install the <i><a name="p65">WinEdt</a></i> New <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> Document Interface</a></b><br><p>Optional again, and only applicable if you installed
                        <i><a name="p66">WinEdt</a></i> anyway. It lets you
                        save commonly-used document settings for use in other
                        documents of the same type.
                     </p>
                  </li>
                  <li><b>Install the <i><a name="p67">WinEdt</a></i>
                        Graphics Interface</b><br><p>Another optional add-on for
                        <i><a name="p68">WinEdt</a></i> to provide drag-and-drop
                        graphics insertion.
                     </p>
                  </li>
                  <li><b><a name="td">Install the <i><a name="p69">WinEdt</a></i> Table
                           Designer</a></b><br><p>Last optional add-on for
                        <i><a name="p70">WinEdt</a></i>, providing a new table editor.
                     </p>
                  </li>
                  <li><b>Install <i><a name="p71"><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>nicCenter</a></i></b><br><p>This is a free equivalent to
                        <i><a name="p72">WinEdt</a></i>. The interface is
                        slightly different (see <a href="chapter1.html#tcpt1">Figure 1.2</a>) but it
                        is becoming very popular.
                     </p>
                  </li>
                  <li><b>Install <i><a name="p73">GhostScript</a></i> and
                        <i><a name="p74">GSview</a></i></b><br><p>These are essential for viewing the PostScript and
                        PDF output, especially if you don't have any other PDF
                        viewer installed.
                     </p>
                  </li>
               </ol>
               <p>You get a choice of editors,
                  but the one which features in
                  <i><a name="p75">pro<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>t</a></i> is 
                  <i><a name="p76"><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>nicCenter</a></i>. This is an
                  <a name="IDE" class="acroref">Integrated Development
                     Environment</a>&nbsp;(<small>IDE</small>) which lets you manage all the files
                  related to each document. In many cases, of course, you'll
                  only have one (the text itself) but if you are working with
                  anything beyond simple articles, you'll probably have
                  illustrations (images or diagrams), and possibly separate
                  chapter files for larger documents, plus indexes,
                  glossaries, bibliographies, etc. I recommend that you create
                  a new project for each new document, even if it's a
                  single-file article, as I did for the example in <a href="chapter1.html#tcpt1">Figure 1.2</a>.
               </p>
            </div>
            <div class="sect2">
               <h3><a href="#doctoc"><img src="up.png" title="Chapter Contents" width="32" alt="ToC" align="right" border="0"></a>1.4.2 <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Live (<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Collection 2003)
               </h3>
               <ol>
                  <lh>Once the installation program is running:</lh>
                  <li><b><span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span></b><br><p>Install <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span> itself from the
                        <span class="guimenu">TeXLive Software</span>&#8594;<span class="guimenuitem">Install on
                           Hard Disk</span> menu. If you're new to
                        <span class="LATEX">L<span class="A">A</span><span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span></span>, pick Quick Install on the following screen. This
                        gives you everything you need to get started, and
                        doesn't ask any questions, it just installs it all
                        straight away.
                     </p>
                     <p>If you're installing under Windows NT, 2000, or
                        XP, you may want to click on the option to install for
                        all users if you have other users on your system.
                     </p>
                     <p>If you want to use <i><a name="p77">Emacs</a></i>
                        as your editor, click the option for Xem<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>
                        Support.<sup><a href="#F8">2</a></sup></p>
                  </li>
                  <li><b>Emacs</b><br><p>After installation, right-click and drag
                        <code>Xemacs.exe</code> from the
                        <code>C:\Program Files\TeXLive\bin\win32</code>
                        folder out onto your desktop and let go, then pick
                        &#8216;Create Shortcut&#8217;. This places
                        <i><a name="p79">Emacs</a></i> on your desktop for
                        easy access.
                     </p>
                  </li>
                  <li><b>WinShell and WinEdt</b><br><p>If you want to install
                        <i><a name="p80">WinShell</a></i>, run the installer
                        program in the <code>support/winshell</code>
                        directory. For <i><a name="p81">WinEdt</a></i> you
                        must go to their Web site (<a href="http://www.winedt.com/"><tt>http://www.winedt.com/</tt></a>) for a
                        downloadable version.
                     </p>
                     <p>You don't have to install just one editor: if
                        you've got the space, install them all so you can
                        try them out. You can always uninstall the ones you
                        don't want afterwards.
                     </p>
                  </li>
                  <li><b>GSView</b><br><p>Ghostscript is installed automatically, but for
                        <i><a name="p82">GSView</a></i> you need to go to
                        <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/"><tt>http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/</tt></a>,
                        and download the most recent version.
                     </p>
                     <p>If you use <i><a name="p83">GSView</a></i>, please
                        register your copy with Ghostgum, Pty.&nbsp;(<a href="http://www.ghostgum.com.au/"><tt>http://www.ghostgum.com.au/</tt></a>).
                     </p>
                  </li>
               </ol>
               <blockquote class="warning"><a name=""></a><p><img src="warning.png" align="left" alt="!!!">Please read the <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Live update pages at <a href="http://www.tug.org/texlive/bugs.html"><tt>http://www.tug.org/texlive/bugs.html</tt></a> for
                     details of any changes since the disks were released, and
                     download and install any additional software
                     required.
                  </p>
               </blockquote>
               <ol class="footnotes" start="2">
                  <li><a name="F8">Note this unfortunate choice of name is nothing
                        to do with <a name="em">Eberhard Matthes</a>' MS-DOS implementation of <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>
                        called em<span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span>&nbsp;&#8212; the &#8216;Xem&#8217; is
                        short for <i><a name="p78">Xemacs</a></i>.</a></li>
               </ol>
            </div>
            <div class="sect2">
               <h3><a href="#doctoc"><img src="up.png" title="Chapter Contents" width="32" alt="ToC" align="right" border="0"></a>1.4.3 Installation problems
               </h3>
               <p>It's always annoying when a program that's supposed to
                  install painlessly causes trouble, and none the more so when
                  everyone else seems to have been able to install it without
                  problems. I've installed <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> hundreds of times and very
                  rarely had any difficulties, but these are a few of the
                  occasions when I did.
               </p>
               <blockquote>
                  <dl>
                     <dt><b>Bad hard disks</b></dt>
                     <dd>
                        <p>As recommended in <a href="chapter1.html#wininst">section 1.4</a>, run a
                           scan and defragmentation of your hard disk[s] before
                           you start. It should take under an hour on a modern
                           machine unless you have a very large disk, and it may
                           need overnight on an older machine. Clean your CD or DVD
                           drive if it's been in heavy use. <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> uses a very
                           large number of very small files, so there is a lot of
                           disk activity during an installation. As also
                           recommended in <a href="chapter1.html#lininst">section 1.2</a>, if you have
                           the chance to reformat the hard disk, pick the
                           smallest granularity (cluster size) possible.
                        </p>
                     </dd>
                     <dt><b>Registry errors</b></dt>
                     <dd>
                        <p>This only affects Microsoft Windows users. The
                           Registry is where Microsoft want software companies
                           automatically to store details of all the programs you
                           install.  Unfortunately the Registry is grossly abused
                           by marketing departments to try and foist undesirable
                           links on you, the user.  You will see this with many
                           commercial programs, where a particular type of file
                           you've been able to double-click on for years suddenly
                           runs a different program.  Some programs install
                           obsolete or broken copies of program libraries (DLL
                           files), overwriting ones which were working perfectly.
                           Worse, the viruses, trojans, and worms which typically
                           infect unprotected Windows systems can leave unwanted
                           links to web pages, or change some of the ways in
                           which Windows operates. The overall effect can be that
                           the whole machine slows down, or that files which are
                           expected to do one thing do another.  The best
                           solution is a thorough Registry clean-out, using one
                           of the many programs available for the purpose.
                        </p>
                     </dd>
                     <dt><b><a name="latest">Use the latest versions</a></b></dt>
                     <dd>
                        <p>Before installing, check the <small><a href="chapter5.html#CTAN" class="acroref" name="A57" title="Comprehensive Archive Network">CTAN</a></small> web site (<a href="http://www.ctan.org/"><tt>http://www.ctan.org/</tt></a> for any updated
                           copy of the installation program. This is called
                           <code>install-tl.sh</code> for Linux and Mac
                           systems, and <code>Setup.exe</code> for
                           Microsoft Windows (on the <span class="TEX">T<span class="E">E</span>X</span> Collection 2003 CD it
                           was called <code>TeXSetup.exe</code>).  Just
                           occasionally a bug slips through onto the production
                           CD or DVD, and although it's always fixed and notified
                           on <a href="news:comp.text.tex"><tt>comp.text.tex</tt></a>,
                           that's a high-volume newsgroup and even the sharpest
                           eyes may miss an announcement.
                        </p>
                     </dd>
                     <dt><b>Stick to the defaults</b></dt>
                     <dd>
                        <p>Unless you're a computer scientist or a software
                           engineer, I suggest you never change or fiddle with
                           the default directories for installation.  I know some
                           of them look odd, but they're that way for a purpose,
                           especially when it comes to avoiding directories will
                           spaces in their names, like the notorious
                           <code class="literal">C:\Program Files</code>. Although most
                           modern systems cope happily with spaces in filenames
                           and directory names, they are usually A Bad Design
                           Idea, and should be avoided like the plague (spaces
                           are forbidden in web addresses for the same reason:
                           the people who designed them knew the pitfalls). It
                           may look snazzier to put the installation in
                           <code class="literal">My Cute Stuff</code>, but please
                           don't: you'll just make it harder to find, harder to
                           fix problems, and more embarrassing if you have to
                           explain it to someone else trying to help you.
                        </p>
                     </dd>
                  </dl>
               </blockquote>
            </div>
         </div>
      </div>
      <hr>
      <table width="100%">
         <tr>
            <td align="left"><a href="preface.html"><img src="previous.png" alt="Previous" border="0"></a></td>
            <td align="center"><a href="#doctoc"><img src="top.png" alt="Top" border="0"></a></td>
            <td align="right"><a href="chapter2.html"><img src="next.png" alt="Next" border="0"></a></td>
         </tr>
      </table>
   </body>
</html>