path: root/fonts/byzfonts/eftar.tex

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\begin{document}
\title{Mi`a pr'wth prosp'ajeia stoiqeioj'ethshc keim'enou
t~hc <ellhnik~hc >ekklhsiastik~hc mousik~hc (EEM) m`e t`h bo'hjeia
t~hc \LaTeX}
\author{>Iw'annhc >A. Bambak~ac\footnote{Fusik'oc; {\lx E-mail} 
>epikoinwn'iac: {\lx giavvns@pythagoras.physics.upatras.gr}}\\
Panagi'wthc Kotopo'ulhc\footnote{Gumnast`hc ka`i Lampad'arioc <I. N.
<Ag'iou Gewrg'iou <R'iou Patr~wn}}
%\date{\gn{2005}, A>ugo'ustou \gn{20}}
\date{\today}
\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
<H parous'iash d'uo n'ewn grammatoseir~wn, t~wn {\lx byzf} ka`i 
{\lx byyf}, >antisto'iqwc, g'inetai st`o par`on >'arjro. 
<'Opwc g'inetai >antilhpt`o ka`i >ap`o t`a >on'omat'a touc, pr'okeitai 
gi`a t`on sqediasm'o, m`e t`h bo'hjeia t~hc gl'wssac \MF\ to~u 
{\lx Donald Knuth}, sqed`on <'olwn (<apl~wn ka`i sunj'etwn)
t~wn gl'ufwn t~hc parashmantik~hc po`u qrhsimopoie~i <h >orj'odoxh
>Ekklhs'ia t~hc kaj> <hm~ac >Anatol~hc st`a mousik`a thc ke'imena.
Parade'igmata mousik~wn fr'asewn >ap`o t`hn >ekklhsiastik`h >all`a
ka`i t`hn kosmik`h--dhmotik`h mac par'adosh, stoiqeiojethm'ena
m`e t`h bo'hjeia t~hc \LaTeX, d'inontai.
\end{abstract}

\section{E>isagwg`h}
<'Ewc ka`i pr`in >ap`o merik`ec dekaet'iec <h >ekm'ajhsh t~hc
<ellhnik~hc >ekklhsiastik~hc mousik~hc perioriz'otan st`h sunteqn'ia 
t~wn <ieroyalt~wn, st`ic <ieratik`ec sqol`ec t~hc <Elladik~hc 
>Ekklhs'iac, st`ic d'uo Panepisthmiak`ec Jeologik`ec sqol'ec po`u 
diaj'etei <h q'wra kaj`wc ka`i s`e k'apoia <wde~ia. >`An k'apoioc 
kosmik'oc, po`u d`en >epijumo~use 
n`a g'inh| >epaggelmat'iac y'althc, >'hjele n`a gnwr'ish| t`hn mousik`h
j`a >'eprepe n`a e>uq'otan n`a sunant'hsh| k'apoion >anoiqt'omualo 
y'alth po`u j`a gin'otan <o d'askal'oc tou. Pl'eon, a>ut`oc <o 
periorism`oc >'eqei >ekle'iyh|. <'Olec o<i mhtrop'oleic, >all`a ka`i 
poll`ec dhmotik`ec >arq'ec, diaj'etoun s'hmera sqol`ec >ekm'ajhshc 
>ekklhsiastik~hc mousik~hc, paradosiak~wn >org'anwn ka`i qor~wn, 
>antapokrin'omenec st`hn <'olo ka`i megal'uterh z'hthsh.

Pr`in suneq'ish|, <o e<~ic >ek t~wn suggraf'ewn j`a >'hjele n`a k'anh| 
mi`a dieukr'inhsh. <H sq'esh tou m`e t`on >epijetik`o prosdiorism`o 
``buzantin`oc-`h-`o'' kaj`wc ka`i m`e <'ola t`a par'agwg'a tou,
>'eqh| diataraqj~h| pr`o poll~wn >et~wn, >af> <~hc stigm~hc >'emaje 
p`wc >~htan dutik`h >epin'ohsh to~u IZ a>i~wna m`e st'oqo t`hn
<upot'imhsh t~hc <istor'iac ka`i to~u <'o,ti >antipros'wpeue <h
(>Anatolik`h) <Rwma"ik`h A>utokrator'ia. <Wc >ek to'utou, <o 
>anagn'wsthc d`en j`a sunant'hsh| t`on >'oro ``buzantin`h mousik`h''
p'era >ap`o a>ut`o t`o shme~io. >En to'utoic, j`a >anarwthj~h| pr`oc
t'i <h qr'hsh to~u >'orou {\lx byzf} gi`a t`h grammatoseir'a? <H
>ap'anthsh e>~ine <'oti, dustuq~wc, <h mousik`h po`u pro~hlje >ap`o 
t`o p'antrema t~wn diasthm'atwn t~hc >arqa'iac <ellhnik~hc ka`i kat`a 
k'oron persik~wn >akousm'atwn, >'egine gnwst`h <wc {\lx byzantine}.
Kat`a t`h gn'wmh mou, <o pi`o d'okimoc >'oroc j`a >~htan ``<rwm'eikh
mousik`h'' >all`a s`e a>ut`o t`o >'arjro diathre~itai <o prosdiorism`oc
``<ellhnik`h'' m`e t`hn pepo'ijhsh p`wc <o >'oroc a>ut`oc >'eqei
o>ikoumenik`h di'astash ka`i xepern'aei t`a d'uo >epis'hmwc 
>anagnwrism'ena <ellhnik`a kr'ath; K'upro ka`i <Ell'ada.

<Wc tritoet`hc majht`hc t~hc EEM ka`i m`h >'eqwn kam'ia pr'ojesh n`a
g'inw >epaggelmat'iac y'althc, k'apoia stigm`h j'elhsa n`a >ektup'wsw,
m`e t`h bo'hjeia t~hc >agaphm'enhc mou \LaTeX, <'enan p'inaka m`e t`a 
diast'hmat'a thc <'wste n`a bohjo~umai kat`a t`h di'arkeia t~hc 
mel'ethc mou. <H >anaz'hthsh mi~ac grammatoseir~ac m`e t`a s'umbola 
t~hc parashmantik~hc xek'inhse >ap`o t`on <ellhnik`o s'ullogo \TeX\ 
(eft) ka`i suneq'isthke st`a >arqe~ia {\lx CTAN}. M`e meg'alh mou
>'ekplhxh >anak'aluya p`wc parashmantik`h grammatoseira d`en e>~iqe
sqediasj~h|. Ap`o t`hn >'allh, st`o diad'iktuo mpore~i kane`ic
n`a sunant'hsh k'apoiec grammatoseir`ec  po`u e>~ine  sqediasm'enec 
gi`a progr'ammata stoiqeiojes'iac keim'enou s`e perib'allon {\lx 
Windows}, >'htoi, {\lx Notepad, Microsoft Word,} klp. St`o >emp'orio 
kuklofore~i <o {\bf Buzantinogr'afoc 2.0} sqediasm'enoc >ap`o t`on 
Beliss'ario G.  Gkezerl~h\cite{bzwr}.  >Ap`o <'o,ti >'eqei p'esh| 
st`hn >ant'ilhy'h mou, t`o pak'eto a>ut`o e>~ine >arket`a dhmofil'ec 
giat`i e>~ine e>ukoloqrhsimopo'ihto >ap`o <opoiod'hpote qr'hsth.  T`hn 
>arqik`h mou >apogo'hteush 
>akolo'ujhse mi`a >akt'ida >elp'idac <'otan >'epese st`a q'eria mou 
t`o pas'ignwsto bibl'io to~u {\lx Donald Knuth}\cite{donkn} gi`a t`o 
sqediasm`o grammatoseir~wn {\lx tfm} gi`a stoiqeiojes'ia keim'enou 
m'esw| \TeX/\LaTeX. >'Etsi xek'inhse <h perip'eteia sqediasmo~u t~hc 
{\lx byzf} <h <opo'ia >ed~w ka`i tre~ic m~hnec m`e >apasqole~i 
paragwgik'a >en~w| m`h pros'eqontac t`h proeidopo'ihsh to~u {\lx 
Knuth\footnote{Type design can be hazardous to your interests. Once 
you get hooked, you will develop intense feelings about letterforms; 
the medium will intrude on the messages that you read. And you will 
perpetually be thinking of improvements to the fonts that you see 
everywhere, especially those of your own design.}} >exakolouj~w n`a 
m`hn pa'uw n`a >epanasqedi'azw >'hdh sqediasm'enouc gl'ufouc s`e 
<'enan >a'enao k'uklo!

\section{S'untomh <istori'a t~hc EEM}
>Ap`o t`hn >epoq`h to~u M. Kwnstant'inou m'eqri ka`i t`ic >arq`ec to~u 
IJ a>i~wna <h shmeiograf'ia po`u >eqrhsimopoi~hto st`hn 
>ekklhsiastik`h ka`i t`h kosmik`h mousik`h d`en e>~iqe mi`a t'etoia
>org'anwsh po`u n`a t`h kajist~a| e>'uqrhsth ka`i e>ukolom'ajhth. 
Prokeim'enou o<i mousiko`i n`a mpor'esoun n`a >ekfr'asoun <'oson t`o
dunat`on pi`o pist`a di'afora poik'ilmata gi`a n`a d'wsoun <idia'itero
qrwmatism`o st`o ke'imeno, e>~iqan >epino'hsh| <'ena meg'alo pl~hjoc
sumb'olwn! >`Ac m`h xeqn~ame p'wc, s`e >ant'ijesh m`e t`hn dutik`h
mousik'h <h <opo'ia st'ekei ka`i a>ut'onoma, dhlad'h, qwr`ic
ke'imeno, t~hc <ellhnik~hc <o >antikeimenik`oc st'oqoc e>ine n`a
>anade'ixh| t`o ke'imeno t`o <opo~io kat`a k'oron sunode'uei. T`o
1814, tre~ic diakekrim'enoi mousikodid'askaloi ka`i melopoio'i,
<o mhtropol'ithc Pro'usac Qr'usanjoc <o >ek Mad'utou, <o prwtoy'althc
Grhg'orioc Leu"'ithc ka`i <o qartof'ulax t~hc Meg'alhc to~u Qristo~u
>Ekklhs'iac Ge'wrgioc Qourmo'uzioc >`h Giamal~hc, >org'anwsan <'olon
a>ut`o t`on meg'alo >arijm`o sumb'olwn, >apo>r<r'iptontac k'apoia
ka`i diathr~wntac k'apoia >'alla, dies'afhsan poll`a skotein`a shme~ia
t~hc jewr'iac ka`i kat'elhxan st`hn paro~usa morf`h t~hc EEM. St`h
sun'eqeia <'idrusan mi`a sqol`h st`h Kwnstantino'upolh <up`o t`hn
a>ig'ida to~u O>ikoumeniko~u Patriarqe'iou m`e skop`o t`h didaskal'ia
t~hc n'eas shmeiograf'iac ka`i t`h di'ados'h thc s`e <ol'oklhro t`on
<ellhnism'o.
\section{S'untomh e>isagwg`h st`h jewr'ia t~hc EEM}
Piste'uoume p`wc m'ia s'untomh perigraf`h basik~wn stoiqe'iwn t~hc
jewr'iac t~hc EEM e>~ine >apara'ithth pr`in proqwr'hsoume st`hn
>an'alush t~wn teqnik~wn qarakthristik~wn, kaj`wc a>ut`h j`a d'wsh|
st`on >anagn'wsth mi`an >id'ea t~hc logik~hc po`u >'eqei <h dom`h
t~wn qarakt'hrwn. Gi`a t`on >endiafer'omeno po`u >epijume~i n`a m'ajh|
periss'otera p'anw st`hn
jewr'ia sunisto~ume t`o palai`o >all`a pol`u kal`o bibl'io to~u
Dhmhtr'iou Panagiwtopo'ulou\cite{dipan} po`u suneq'izei n`a 
>epanekd'idetai >ap`o t`o 1947!

<H EEM e>~ine a>usthr`a monofwnik'h; <h tetrafwnik`h parallag`h a>ut~hc
po`u >ako'ugetai st`ic >ekklhs'iec t~wn >Ion'iwn N'hswn >ofe'iletai
st`hn >ep'idrash po`u e>~iqe <h makra'iwnh katoq`h a>ut~wn >ap`o
dutiko`uc kataktht'ec. K'aje mousik`h fr'ash >apotele~itai >ap`o
d'uo seir'ec, <h p'anw peri'eqei to`uc qarakt~hrec ka`i <h k'atw t`ic
sullab`ec to~u keim'enou. S`e >ant'ijesh m`e t`o pent'agrammo <'opou
mi`a mousik`h fr'ash >arq'izei m`e <'ena kleid`i po`u plhrofore~i
t`on >ektelest~h s`e poi'a gramm`h j`a >ektel'esh| t`on fj'oggo to~u
kleidio~u (kleid`i to`u s`ol, p.q.), st`hn EEM >arq'izei m`e mi`a
martur'ia; marture~i-plhrofore~i m`e poi'on fj'oggo j`a >arq'ish|
<h >ekt'elesh to~u kommatio~u. Ka`i >ed~w, <'opwc st`h dutik`h mousik'h,
g'inetai qr'hsh <ept`a fj'oggwn po`u dane'izontai t`a >on'omat'a touc
>ap`o t`a <ept`a pr~wta gr'ammata to~u <ellhniko~u >alf'abhtou m`e
t`h prosj'hkh fwnh'entwn >`h sumf'wnwn <'wste n`a g'inoun sullab'ec,
>'htoi:
\begin{center} pA, Bou, Ga, Dh, kE, Zw, nH\end{center}
T`a <'exi diast'hmata metax`u t~wn <ept`a fj'oggwn d`en e>~ine 
>akrib~wc >'isa
m`e t`a >ant'istoiqa <'exi t~wn dutik~wn nto, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si,
ka`i >akrib~wc a>ut`h e>~ine <h e>idopoi`oc diafor`a po`u d'inei st`hn
EEM a>ut`h t`hn >alloi'wtikh a>'isjhsh. Met`a t`hn >arktik`h 
martur'ia tr'ia stoiqe~ia e>~ine >apara'ithta gi`a t`hn swst`h >ap'odosh
<en`oc kommatio~u:
[a] P'osa diast'hmata >ap'eqei <o >akolouj`wn <up`o >ekt'elesh fj'oggoc,
[b] P~wc j`a >ektelest~h| a>ut'oc ka`i [g] P'osh di'arkeia j`a >'eqh| <h
>apaggel'ia tou. <Wc pr`oc t`o pr~wto, >apaite~itai <'ena posotik`o
shm'adi, gi`a t`o de'utero <'ena poiotik'o ka`i gi`a t`o tr'ito <'ena
qronik`o shm'adi. <H EEM >'eqei d'eka posotiko'uc qarakt~hrec <'opwc 
fa'inontai st`on p'inaka (\ref{posx}). St`h pr'wth st'hlh a>uto~u 
br'iskontai t`a s'umbola a>ut~wn. Qwr'izontai s`e qarakt~hrec
>anab'asewc, katab'asewc >en~w| <up'arqei ka`i <'enac, t`o >'ison, po`u
zht~a| t`on >akoloujo~unta fj'oggo n`a >apaggelj~h| m`e t~hn >'idia
suqn'othta <'opwc ka`i <o prohgo'umenoc. <H tr'ith st'hlh 
de'iqnei t`on >arijm`o t~wn diasthm'atwn po`u <h fwn`h to~u 
>ektelesto~u j`a pr'eph| n`a >an'eljh| >`h n`a kat'eljh| s`e sq'esh m`e 
t`on prohgo'umeno fj'oggo. St`on p'inaka >emfan'izetai >an'abash >`h
kat'abash m'eqri ka`i 4 diast'hmata. Gi`a n`a >ekfrasto~un metabol`ec
5, 6, klp., diasthm'atwn >apaite~itai <'ena sundiasm`oc t~wn d'eka
basik~wn qarakt'hrwn. >Ep`i parade'igmati, <o sundiasm'oc:
\begin{center}\font\byzf=byzf\byzf b \end{center}
shmatodote~i >an'abash tri~wn diasthm'atwn, <en~w| <o sundiasm'oc:
\begin{center}\font\byzf=byzf\byzf J \end{center}
shma'inei kat'abash p'ente diasthm'atwn.
\begin{table}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{||c|l|c||c|l|c||}
\hline
Qarakt~hrac & >'Onoma & Di'asthma & Qarakt~hrac & >'Onoma & Di'asthma\\
\hline
\iso        & >'Ison  & $0$       &\ips         & <Uyhl`h & $+4$     \\
\oli        & >Ol'igon& $+1$      &\apo         & >Ap'ostrofoc & $-1$\\
\pet        & Petast`h& $+1$      &\ela         & >Elafr`on & $-2$   \\
\knt        & Kent'hmata & $+1$   &\upo         & <Upo>r<ro`h & $-1-1$\\
\ken        & K'enthma& $+2$      &\xam         & Qamhl`h   & $-4$   \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{O<i 10 posotiko`i qarakt~hrec t~hc EEM}\label{posx}
\end{table}

Poiotiko`uc qarakt~hrec <h EEM qrhsimopoie~i <'exi, s'umfwna m`e t`on 
p'inaka (\ref{poix}). <H tr'ith st'hlh >exhge~i st`on >ektelest~h m`e
poi'o tr'opo pr'epei n`a >apagge'ilh| t`on fj'oggo p'anw st`on <opo~io
dr~a| <o poiotik`oc qarakt~hrac. N`a prosj'esoume >ed~w k'ati po`u
<'oloi o<i d'askaloi ton'izoun sto`uc majht'ec touc; <h mousik`h 
mpore~i n`a e>~ine ka`i >epist'hmh >all`a kat`a k'oron e>~ine t'eqnh
po`u metad'idetai, parad'idetai, >ap`o t`on d'askalo st`o majht'h. 
<'Oloi o<i poiotiko`i qarakt~hrec maja'inontai st`hn >arq`h m`e 
m'imhsh to~u dask'alou t`h stigm`h po`u to`uc >apagg'elei; >'alloc
tr'opoc >ekm'ajhs'hc touc d`en <up'arqei.
\begin{table}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{||c|l|l||}
\hline
Qarakt~hrac & >'Onoma & Poiotik`h Dr'ash\\
\hline
\ank & >Antik'enwma & Mikr`o p'etagma t~hc fwn~hc\\
\var & Bare'ia      & >Apaggel'ia m`e bar'utero t'ono\\
\enf & >End'ofwnon  & Profor`a m`e kleist`o t`o st'oma\\ 
\etr & <'Eteron     & S'undesmoc qarakt'hrwn qwr`ic diakop`h\\
\oml & >Omal`on     & Kumatism`oc fwn~hc >ep`i t`o >ox`u\\
\psf & Yhfist`on    & Profor`a t'onou m`e d'unamh\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{O<i 6 poiotiko`i qarakt~hrec t~hc EEM}\label{poix}
\end{table}

T'eloc, qroniko`uc qarakt~hrec <h EEM qrhsimopoie~i d'wdeka s'umfwna 
m`e t`on p'inaka (\ref{xpox}). <H basik`h mon'ada to~u qr'onou e>~ine 
per'ipou >'ish m`e $1/3$ to~u deuterol'eptou, <op'ote >`an 
<upoj'esoume p`wc mi'a sullab`h >apagg'eletai s`e m'ia qronik`h
mon'ada t'ote per'ipou $180$ sullab`ec prof'erontai t`o lept'o. <H
tr'ith st'hlh to~u p'inaka peri'eqei t`h dr'ash po`u >'eqoun o<i
qroniko`i qarakt~hrec >ep`i t~hc mon'adac to~u qr'onou.
\begin{table}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{||c|l|l||}
\hline
Qarakt~hrac & >'Onoma & Qronik`h Dr'ash\\
\hline
\kla & Kl'asma & Diplasiasm`oc to~u >arqiko~u qr'onou\\
$\cdot$           & <Apl~h & Diplasiasm`oc >arqiko~u qr'onou\\
$\cdot\cdot$      & Dipl~h & Triplasiasm`oc >arqiko~u qr'onou\\
$\cdot\cdot\cdot$ & Tripl~h & Tetraplasiasm`oc >arqiko~u qr'onou\\
\grg & Gorg`on & <Upodiplasiasm`oc >arqiko~u qr'onou\\
\dgrg & D'igorg`on & <Upotriplasiasm`oc >arqiko~u qr'onou\\
\tgrg & Tr'igorg`on & <Upotetraplasiasm`oc >arqiko~u qr'onou\\
\arg & >Arg`on & Gorg`on $+$ Kl'asma\\
\darg & D'iargon & Gorg`on $+$ Dipl~h\\
\targ & Tr'iargon & Gorg`on $+$ Tripl~h\\
\stav & Staur`oc  & Pa'usic\\
\kor  & Korwn`ic  & >Aperi'oristh qronik`h par'atash t'onou\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{O<i 12 qroniko`i qarakt~hrec t~hc EEM}\label{xpox}
\end{table}

>Ekt`oc t~wn >anwt'erw, <'ena >ap`o t`a pl'eon basik`a kef'alaia t~hc 
jewr'iac t~hc EEM e>~ine <h >orjograf'ia t~wn qarakt'hrwn pos'othtac. 
Gi`a par'adeigma, bl'epoume >ap`o t`on p'inaka (\ref{posx}) <'oti tre~ic
>ani'ontec qarakt~hrec, <ol'igon, k'enthma ka`i petast'h, zhto~un 
>an'abash kat`a <'ena di'asthma; poi'oc >ap`o to`uc tre~ic j`a
qrhsimopoie~itai k'aje for'a? T`o pr'oblhma g'inetai katanoht`o <'otan
skeft~h| kane`ic p`wc st`hn <ellhnik`h gl~wssa qrhsimopoio~untai <'exi
fj'oggoi gi`a t`on >~hqo ``i'', >'htoi, i, h, u, ei, oi, ui, ka`i m'ono
o<i grammatiko`i >orjografiko`i kan'onec l'ene p'ote ka`i po~u n`a
g'inh| qr'hsh poio~u. D`en j`a >epektajo~ume periss'otero >ep`i to~u
j'ematoc ka`i t`o m'ono po`u j`a pr'eph| n`a sugkrat'hsh| <o 
>anagn'wsthc e>~ine p`wc t'etoioi kan'onec >akolouj'hjhkan st`o
sqediasm`o t~hc grammatoseir~ac.

St`hn EEM qrhsimopoio~untai >okt`w >~hqoi (>`h >okt'ahqoc) >an'aloga
m`e t`o poi'a kl'imaka qrhsimopoie~itai k'aje for'a, k'ati >an'alogo
m`e t`ic me'izonec ka`i >el'assonec kl'imakec t~hc e>urwpa"ik~hc
mousik~hc. St`o p'inaka (\ref{nxoi}) >emf'an'izontai o<i >okt`w >~hqoi
m`e t`ic martur'iec touc.
\begin{table}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{||c|ll|c|ll||}
\hline
Martur'ia & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{>'Onoma >'hqou} & Martur'ia & 
\multicolumn{2}{|c|}{>'Onoma >'hqou}\\
\hline
          & N'eo & >Arqa~io & & N'eo & >Arqa~io\\
\hline
\AHXOC{Pa} & Pr~wtoc & D'wrioc & \pAHXOC  & Pl'agioc to~u pr'wtou 
& <Upod'wrioc\\
\BHXOC{Di } & De'uteroc & L'udioc & \pBHXOCpa & Pl'agioc to~u deut'erou 
& <Upol'udioc\\
\CHXOC & Tr'itoc & Fr'ugioc & \BAPYC{Zw} & Bar`uc & <Upofr'ugioc\\
\DHXOC{Di} & T'etartoc & Mixol'udioc & \pDHXOC & Pl'agioc to~u 
tet'artou & <Upomixol'udioc\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{<H >okt'ahqoc}\label{nxoi}
\end{table}
\section{Teqnik`h >an'alush}
O<i morf`ec t~wn qarakt'hrwn po`u sunant~wntai st`ic di'aforec
>ekd'oseic leitourgik~wn bibl'iwn poik'iloun >an'aloga m`e t`on
>ekd'oth. Gnwsto`i meg'aloi prwtoy'altec ka`i lampad'arioi (>ep'ishmoi
t'itloi gi`a t`on dexi`o ka`i >arister`o y'alth, >ant'istoiqa) >'eqoun
prob~h| st`on >epanasqediasm`o t~wn qarakt'hrwn m'enontac, <'omwc,
pisto`i st`a basik`a qarakthristik`a <'wste t`o s'umbolo n`a e>~ine
>anagnwr'isimo >ap`o <'olouc >an`a p'asa qronik`h stigm'h. >Eme~ic
protim'hsame n`a >anapar'agoume to`uc qarakt~hrec <'opwc 
>emfan'izontai st`o p'onhma\cite{xtem} to~u Qr'usanjou to~u >ek 
Mad'utwn, <en`oc >ap`o to`uc tre~ic didask'alouc t~hc <om'adac to~u 
1814. Sunhj'izetai st`a leitourgik`a bibl'ia t`o pr~wto gr'amma t~hc 
>arqik~hc sullab~hc mi~ac melwdik~hc gramm~hc n`a tup'wnetai s`e 
megal'utero m'egejoc >en~w| <up'arqoun pollo`i po`u >anadeikn'uoun 
ka`i t`h kalliteqnik`h touc fl'eba dhmiourg~wntac >aristourg'hmata 
mikrograf'iac.  M`e a>ut`o t`o skeptik'o, p'era >ap`o t`h grammatoseir`a
{\lx byzf} sqedi'asame ka`i m'ia de'uterh, t`hn {\lx bzal}, m`e t`o 
<ellhnik`o >alf'abhto, t`a kefala~ia to~u <opo'iou >'eqoun <'uyoc
per'ipou >'iso m`e t`hn >ap'ostash metax`u d'uo diadoqik~wn gramm~wn
({\lx baselines}), <'opwc ka`i k'apoia s'umploka gramm'atwn ({\lx 
ligatures}).

<H EEM gr'afetai s`e d'uo seir'ec; <h >ep'anw seir`a peri'eqei to`uc
>anodiko`uc >`h kajodiko`uc qarakt~hrec maz`i m`e t`a shme~ia 
di'arkei'a touc ka`i t`a poiotik`a shm'adia, >en~w| <h k'atw seir`a
peri'eqei t`ic sullab`ec to~u keim'enou. T`a leitourgik`a ke'imena,
>an'aloga m`e t`o p'ote qrhsimopoi~untai kat`a t`h di'arkeia mi~ac
leitourg'iac, diakr'inontai s`e e<irmologik'a (>amfimonos'hmanth
>antistoiq'ia metax`u qarakt'hrwn ka`i sullab~wn), stiqhrarik`a (m'ia
sullab`h >ekte'inetai s`e periss'oterec >ap`o <'ena qarakt~hra) ka`i
papadik`a (m'ia sullab`h mpore~i n`e >ekte'inetai s`e m'ia >`h ka`i
d'uo gramm`ec qarakt'hrwn); gi`a par'adeigma: 
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
\centering
\aba & \apo & \iso & \oli\\ 
Ku   & ri   & e    & e\\
\end{tabular}\\ ka`i\\
\begin{tabular}{cccccc}
\ela & \afe & \afg & \ela & \aoa & \aoa\\
Ku & u & u & ri & e & e\\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
St`h pr'wth per'iptwsh <h sullab`h ``Ku'' >antistoiqe~i s`e <'ena
qarakt~hra, >en~w| st`h de'uterh s`e p'ente, kaj`wc o<i \afe\ ka`i
\afg\ e>~ine d'uo qarakt~hrec <'ekastoc.

St`hn >arq`h to~u sqediasmo~u t~hc grammatoseir~ac ka`i met`a t`h
dhmiourg'ia t~wn basik~wn qarakt'hrwn, flert'arame m`e t`hn >id'ea
n`a g'inh| qr`hsh mi~ac meg'alhc seir~ac >ap`o {\lv+\newcommand's+}
st`h prosp'ajei'a mac n`a >'eqoume sundiasmo`uc qarakt'hrwn. Mi`a
>entol`h <'opwc <h:

{\lx\begin{verbatim}
a\stack{y}{x}{b}
\end{verbatim}} 

m`e <orism'o:

{\lx\begin{verbatim}
\newcommand{\stack}[3]{\hspace{#1mm}\raisebox{#2mm}{#3}}
\end{verbatim}} 
m~ac d'inei t`h dunat'othta n`a j'etoume t`on qarakt~hra {\lx b,} $\pm 
x\ mm$ p'anw >`h k'atw >ap`o ka`i $\pm y\ mm$ >arister`a to~u {\lx a}. 
>Arg'otera 
<h >id'ea >egkatale'ifjhke <wc d'usqrhsth ka`i m'ono o<i martur'iec 
t~wn >okt`w >'hqwn sqedi'asthkan m`e a>ut`h t`h m'ejodo. >'Etsi 
>apofas'isthke <o sqediasm`oc <'olwn <'oswn  
sundiasm~wn >'eqoun <upop'esh| st`hn >ant'ilhy'h mac, m`e gn'wmona t`hn 
>orjograf'ia t~hc EEM, <'opwc proanaf'erjhke. O<i suggrafe~ic j`a
>~htan e>ugn'wmonec pr`oc k'aje qr'hsth po`u j`a to`uc <upode'iknue
sundiasmo`uc po`u e>'ite lhsm'onhsan e>'ite to`uc di'efugan, <'wste n`a
sumplhrwjo~un o<i sqetiko`i p'inakec. 

>Ed~w j`a pr'eph| n`a e>ipwj~h|
<'enac l'ogoc sqetik`a m`e mi`a <om'ada shmadof'wnwn t`a <opo~ia
>af'ejhsan n`a sqediato~un st`o m'ellon. Pr'okeitai gi`a to`uc 
posotiko`uc ka`i poiotiko`uc qarakt~hrec po`u pro"up~hrxan t~hc 
meta>r<r'ujmishc to~u 1814 ka`i <h trimel~hc >epitrop`h d`en >'elabe
<up> >'oyin thc. <H sqol`h >ap'odoshc t~hc EEM to~u S'imwna Kar~a
<uposthr'izei p`wc gi`a t`h kal'uterh >ap'odosh t~wn mousik~wn
fr'asewn pr'epei n`a qrnsimopoio~untai. <'Osec sqol`ec >antit'ijetai
s`e a>ut`o <uposthr'izoun p`wc d`en >'emeine kam'ia plhrofor'ia >ap`o
to`uc mousiko`uc t~hc pr`o to~u 1814 >epoq~hc po`u n`a >exhg~h| 
p~wc n`a >apod'idoume a>ut`a t`a shmad'ofwna. >'Etsi, >ekd'idontai
mousik`a bibl'ia >ek t~wn <opo'iwn >'alla peri'eqoun to`uc qarakt~hrec
a>uto`uc ki >'alla to`uc >agnoo~un. >Eme~ic kat> >arq'ac, 
sqedi'asame <'o,ti e>~ine >en g'enei paradekt`o >en~w| >epifulas'omaste
gi`a m'ia mellontik`h >anako'inwsh <h <opo'ia j`a peri'eqh| ka`i t`a
palai`a shmad'ofwna.

T`o pi`o shmantik`o pr'oblhma st`o <opo~io >'eprepe m`a doj~h| mi`a
<ikanopoihtik`h >ap'anthsh >~htan <h telik`h qr'hsh t~wn qarakt'hrwn
m'esa >ap`o t`o perib'allon t~hc \LaTeX. K'aje mousik`h gramm'h, <'opwc
>'eqoume >anaf'erh| ka`i nwr'itera, pr'epei n`a >apotele~itai >ap`o
d'uo gramm'ec, <h pr'wth peri'eqei to`uc qarakt~hrec ka`i <h >'allh
t`ic sullab`ec to~u keim'enou, topojethm'enec >akrib~wc k'atw >ap`o
k'aje qarakt~hra. T`o perib'allon to~u p'inaka >~htan <h pr'wth mac
sk'eyh ka`i a>ut`h st`hn <opo'ia katal'hxame. >En to'utoic, t`a 
>apotel'esmata, molon'oti e>uan'agnwsta, d`en m~ac >'eqoun 
<ikanopoi'hsh| <'oso j`a j'elame. 

>Ekt`oc >ap`o to`uc d'eka basiko`uc qarakt~hrec, sqedi'asthke >ak'oma
<'enac meg'aloc >arijm`oc sundiasm~wn a>ut~wn lamb'anontac <up> >'oyin
t`hn >orjograf'ia t~hc EEM ka`i to`uc qarakt~hrec poi'othtac, qr'onou,
fjor~ac, di'esewn ka`i <uf'esewn. K'aje grammatoseir`a mpore~i n`a
peri'eqh| m'eqri 255 qarakt~hrec. >En~w| graf'otan t`o par`on ke'imeno
d`en e>'iqame stamat'hsh| n`a sqedi'azoume sundiasmo`uc po`u m~ac
e>~iqan diel'ajh|. <O dieurum'enoc p'inakac mi~ac grammatoseir~ac 
peri'eqei qarakt~hrec po`u d`en mporo~un n`a e>isaqjo~un >ap`o t`o
plhktrol'ogio, <op'ote protim'hsame n`a <or'isoume k'aje qarakt~hra.
O<i <aplo`i qarakt~hrec >'eqoun t`o dik`o touc >'onoma (p.q., >'ison,
petast'h, klp.) t`o <opo~io ka`i diathr'hsame sto`uc <orismo'uc. Gi`a
to`uc s'unjetouc >apofas'isoume n`a k'anoume qr'hsh t~hc j'eshc touc
st`on p'inaka. <H j'esh k'aje qarakt~hra, s'umfwna m`e t`o >oktadik`o
s'usthma, d'idetai >ap`o tre~ic >ak'eraiouc. Pr`oc to~uto o<i >arijmo`i
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 taut'isthkan m`e t`a gr'ammata to~u latiniko~u 
>alfab'htou {\lx o,a,b,c,d,e,f,g}; >'etsi, <o qarakt~hrac po`u 
br'isketai st`h j'esh 206 <or'izetai <wc {\lv+\bof+}, klp. >Epeid`h
<o p'inakac t~hc grammatoseir~ac {\lx byzf} sumplhr'wjhke, m'ia 
de'uterh xek'inhse, <h {\lx byyf}, sumplhrwmatik`h t~hc pr'wthc. Gi`a
n`a >apofeuqj~h| s'ugqish, s`e to'uth t`h kwdikopo'ihsh >akolouj'hjhke
<h qr'hsh gramm'atwn >ap`o t`ic >agglik`ec l'exeic gi`a to`uc >okt`w 
>arijmo`uc k'aje seir~ac, >'htoi, 
{\lx (z)ero, (o)ne, (t)wo, th(r)ee, (f)our, f(i)ve, si(x), se(v)en.}
>'Etsi <h j'esh 105 j`a d'inetai >ap`o t`hn 
>entol`h {\lv+\ozi+}. Mi`a tr'ith grammatoseir`a m`e t`a gr'ammata
t~hc <ellhnik~hc >alfab'htou ka`i k'apoiwn sundiasm~wn a>ut~wn 
({\lx ligatures}), <h {\lx bzal}, >ep'ishc qrhsimopoie~itai. 
S`e a>ut`hn topojet'hsame, >ekt`oc >ap`o t`a gr'ammata, ka`i t`ic 
martur'iec
t~wn fj'oggwn.  <H kwdikopo'ihsh s`e a>ut`hn e>~ine >'idia m`e t`hn 
{\lx byzf} m'ono po`u >ant`i gi`a t`a pez`a >'egine qr'hsh t~wn 
kefala'iwn gramm'atwn, {\lv+\BOF+} gi`a t`h j'esh 206, p.q.
<'Enac q'arthc <orism~wn dhmiourg'hjhke ka`i gi`a to'uth
t`h grammatoseir'a ka`i br'isketai st`o par'arthma (\ref{grmm}). 
T'wra, >'eqontac to`uc qarakt~hrec mac
diaskorpism'enouc s`e tre~ic grammatoseir`ec j`a pr'eph| pl'eon n`a
>anaf'eretai st`o >'onoma to~u qarakt~hra ka`i <h grammatoseir`a st`hn
<opo'ia >an'hkei. T'ijetai <h >entol`h {\lv+\z, \y+} >`h {\lv+\f+}
mprost`a >ap`o t`o kwdik`o k'aje qarakt~hra >an'aloga m`e
t`o >`an >an'hkoun st`hn {\lx byzf} t`hn {\lx byyf} >`h t`hn {\lx bzal},
>antisto'iqwc.  O<i <orismo`i t~wn >okt`w >'hqwn br'iskontai st`o 
>arqe~io {\lx definitions} >en~w| t`o par'arthma (\ref{nxoi1}) 
peri'eqei mi`a tupopo'ihsh a>ut~wn pr`oc dieuk'olunsh.

<O qr'hsthc >arq'izei >ano'igontac <'ena >arqe~io \LaTeX\ s'umfwna
m`e t`o <ex~hc <up'odeigma:
{\lx\begin{verbatim}

\documentclass[12pt]{article}

\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage[polutonikogreek]{babel}
\usepackage{STY/alf}
\usepackage{STY/bzf}
\usepackage{STY/bzfct}
\input{Defs/definitions}

\begin{document}

\end{verbatim}}

St`h sun'eqeia <oi qarakt~hrec topojeto~untai s`e dekaex'asthlo
p'inaka. >'Eqontac >epil'exh| {\lx fullpage}, br'hkame p`wc <o 
m'egistoc >arijm`oc qarakt'hrwn >an`a seir`a e>~ine g'urw sto`uc
16 >all`a a>ut`oc <o >arijm`oc n`a pr'eph| n`a jewre~itai 
metaball'omenoc.

\begin{table}
\input{musphr1}
\caption{((K'urie >ek'ekraxa...)) s`e >~hqo pl'agio to~u tet'artou}
\label{mfr1}
\end{table}

<O p'inakac (\ref{mfr1}) parousi'azei <'ena par'adeigma mousiko~u 
keim'enou e>ilhmm'enou >ap`o t`o >Anastasimat'ario\cite{anst}, sel'ida 
473. <H topoj'ethsh t~wn qarakt'hrwn to~u p'inaka fa'inetai parak'atw
<wc <ex~hc:

{\lx\begin{verbatim}
.............................................................
& \z\aba & \z\apo & \z\iso & \z\oli & \y\zio & \z\apo & \z\apo  &
  \z\iso & \z\apo & \z\apo & \z\oli & \z\oli & \z\bao & \z\apo  &
  \z\apo\\
{\f K}   & u & ri & e & e & ke & kra & xa & proc & se & ei & sa &\\
.............................................................
\end{verbatim}}

Gi`a t`hn >apofug`h sugq'isewc to~u qr'hsth prote'inetai <'ena 
logismik`o
par'omoio m`o t`o {\lx Microsoft Excel} <'opou <o q~wroc >ergas'iac
>'eqei t`h morf`h p'inaka. T`o telik`o >arqe~io s'wzetai <wc {\lx text.}
>Ep'ishc, <'oloi o<i <orismo`i t~wn qarakt'htwn d'inontai st`o 
par'arthma (\ref{sumpl}) t~hc paro'ushc. <'Ena de'utero par'adeigma
parousi'azetai st`on p'inaka (\ref{mfr2}) e>ilhmm'eno >ap`o bibl'io
to~u Solom~wntoc >I. Qatzhsolwmo~u\cite{cix}, sel'ida 17. 

\begin{table}
\input{musphr2}
\caption{>Anast'asimo >apolut'ikio to~u plag'iou deut'erou >'hqou}
\label{mfr2}
\end{table}

T'eloc, <'ena tr'ito par'adeigma d'inetai st`o p'inaka (\ref{mfr3})
>ap`o t`h dhmotik`h mac par'adosh, e>ilhmm'eno >ap`o bibl'io to~u 
Dhm'htrh Gal'anh\cite{dgal}, t'omoc B, sel'ida 55, prwtoy'altou st`on
<I. N. <Ag'iac Tri'adoc Patr~wn ka`i kajhghto~u st`h Sqol`h 
<Ellhnik~hc Mousik~hc t~hc <I. M. Patr~wn.

\begin{table}
\input{musphr3}
\caption{((S`e kaino'urgia b'arka mp~hka...)), surt`o Propont~idoc s`e
>~hqo L'egeto}
\label{mfr3}
\end{table}

\section{Sumper'asmata}
M`e t`h qr'hsh t~hc \MF\ sqedi'asame sqed`on <'olouc to`uc qarakt~hrec 
t~hc <Ellhnik~hc >Ekklhsiastik~hc Mousik~hc (basiko`uc posotiko`uc 
qarakt~hrec, s'umploka a>ut~wn, poiotiko'uc ka`i qroniko`uc qarakt~hrec,
fjor`ec, qr'oec, di'eseic ka`i <uf'eseic, martur'iec >'hqwn ka`i 
fj'oggwn, kaj`wc ka`i mi`a seir`a pez~wn ka`i kefala'iwn gramm'atwn
t~hc <ellhnik~hc >alfab'htou). St`h sun'eqeia k'aname qr'hsh to~u
pinakoperib'allontoc t~hc \LaTeX gi`a t`hn >ekt'upwsh mousik~wn 
fr'asewn. <Ol'oklhro t`o pak'eto m`e t`a >arqe~ia t~wn grammatoseir~wn
br'iskontai st`hn die'ujunsh t~hc {\lx CTAN: 
http://dante.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/byzfonts.}

Basik`o meion'ekthma t~hc qr'hsewc t~wn grammatoseir~wn {\lx byzf, byyf}
ka`i {\lx bzal}, pr~agma po`u k'anei t`o pak'eto >'oqi t'oso filik`o 
<'oso <o buzantinogr'afoc to~u kur'iou Gkezerl~h, e>~ine p`wc 
>apeuj'unontai
s`e qr~hstec po`u gnwr'izoun (>`h toul'aqiston j`a >epijumo~usan n`a 
m'ajoun basik`h \LaTeX). S`e mellontik`h mac >ergas'ia j`a 
prospaj'hsoume n`a belti'wsoume t`h filik'othta t~hc qr'hsewc.

\input{bbl}

\newpage
\appendix
\input{apxA}
\newpage
\input{apxB}
\newpage
\input{apxC}

\end{document}