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diff --git a/macros/plain/contrib/jns/jnsl.doc b/macros/plain/contrib/jns/jnsl.doc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0e4e7801b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/macros/plain/contrib/jns/jnsl.doc @@ -0,0 +1,1162 @@ +% This is JNSL.DOC the documentation file of +% the LaTeX macro package from Springer-Verlag +% for the Journal of Nonlinear Science +% version of 16 July 1990 +\documentstyle[jnsldoc]{jns} +% +\newfont{\titelfont}{cmr10 scaled 1728} +\newfont{\titelbffont}{cmbx10 scaled 2074} +\newfont{\titelbigfont}{cmr10 scaled 2488} +\markboth{Style File for Authors Coding with \LaTeX{}}{Style File +for Authors Coding with \LaTeX{}} +% +\begin{document} +\thispagestyle{empty} +\begin{flushleft} +{\titelbffont Style File}\\[6pt] +{\titelbffont for Authors Coding with \LaTex{}}\\[2cm] +\end{flushleft} +\rule{\textwidth}{1pt} +\vspace{2pt} +\begin{flushright} +\begin{tabular}{@{}l} +{\titelbigfont The Journal of}\\[9pt] +{\titelbigfont Nonlinear Science}\\[10pt] +\end{tabular} +\end{flushright} +\rule{\textwidth}{1pt} +\vfill +\begin{flushright} +\begin{tabular}{@{}l} +{\titelfont Springer-Verlag}\\[5pt] +{\titelfont New \kern-4pt York Berlin Heidelberg Tokyo}\\[5pt] +{\titelfont London Paris Hong \kern-3pt Kong} +\end{tabular} +\end{flushright} +\newpage +% +\section*{For further information please contact us:} +% +\begin{flushleft} +\begin{tabular}{l@{\quad}l@{\hspace{3mm}}l} +$\bullet$ & \multicolumn{2}{l}{\bf Springer-Verlag New \kern-3pt +York}\\[0.5mm] + & \multicolumn{2}{l}{Springer-Verlag New \kern-2pt York, 175 Fifth + Avenue,}\\ + & & New \kern-2pt York, New \kern-2pt York 10010 + USA\\[0.5mm] + & Telex: & 232235\\ + & Fax: & (212)437-6272\\ + & Editorial: & (Mon--Fr; preferably between 9 a.m. + and 4 p.m. --\\ + & & Eastern Standard Time)\\ + & & Telephone (212)460-1565\\ + & net-address: & TROWBRIDGE@COMPUSERVE.COM\\[1mm] +$\bullet$ & \multicolumn{2}{l}{\bf Springer-Verlag Heidelberg}\\[1mm] + & \multicolumn{2}{l}{Springer-Verlag, Postfach 105280, D-6900 Heidelberg + 1, FRG}\\[0.5mm] + & DATEX-P dial: & FRG 456 221 4305\\ + & & If you do not yet have an account, press RETURN\\ + & & when asked for your name; then simply leave a message.\\ + & & The file name should be your name and country\\ + & & or state, e.g.\ smith-texas\\ + & Telex: & 461723\\ + & Telefax: & (06221)43982\\ + & Editorial: & (Mon--Fr; preferably between 9 a.m.\\ + & & and 4 p.m. -- European local time)\\ + & & Telephone (0049)(0)6221-487534\\ + & \multicolumn{2}{l}{\TeX{}nical and \LaTeX{}nical information + (Mon--Fri; preferably between}\\ + & & 9 a.m. and 1 p.m. -- European local time):\\ + & & Telephone (0049)(0)6221-487478\\ + &bitnet/EARN:& SPRINGER@DHDSPRI6 +\end{tabular} +\end{flushleft} +\rule{\textwidth}{1pt} +% +\section*{Mailing address for your disk/magnetic tape and output:} +% +\begin{quote} +Springer-Verlag New \kern-2pt York, Inc.\\ +175 Fifth Avenue\\ +New \kern-2pt York, New \kern-2pt York 10010 USA +\end{quote} +The following formats are acceptable: 5.25$^{\prime\prime}$ diskette +MS-DOS, 5.25$^{\prime\prime}$ CP/M, 3.5$^{\prime\prime}$ diskette +MS-DOS, 3.5$^{\prime\prime}$ diskette Apple MacIntosh, 9-track 1600 +bpi magnetic tape VAX/VMS, 9-track 1600 bpi magnetic tape ANSI with +label, 9-track 1600 bpi magnetic tape, SUN-Streamer Tape. + +Once you have completed your work using this macro package, +please submit your own printout of the {\it final +version together with the disk or magnetic tape}, containing your +\LaTeX{} input (source) file und the final DVI-file and make sure +that the text is {\it identical in both cases.} + +Contributions coded with \LaTeX{} but not with the JNS style, cannot be +accepted for electronic processing; they will be typeset in the +conventional way. +% +\newpage +\tableofcontents +\newpage +% +\section{Introduction} +% +Authors wishing to code their contribution +for the +\begin{center} +{\it Journal of Nonlinear Science,} +\end{center} +with \LaTeX{}, as well as those who have already coded with \LaTeX{}, +will be provided with a style file that will give the text the +desired layout. Authors are requested to +adhere strictly to these instructions; {\it the style +file must not be changed}. + +The text output area is automatically set within an area of +12.2\,cm horizontally and 19.4\,cm vertically, excluding +running heads. + +If you are already familiar with \LaTeX{}, then the +JNS style file should not give you any major difficulties. +This style file will change the layout to the required JNS style +(it will for instance define the layout of \verb|\section|). +We had to invent some extra commands, +which are not provided by \LaTeX{} (e.g.\ +\verb|\institute|, see also Sect.\,\ref{contbegin}) + +For the main body of the paper (the text) you +should use the commands of the standard \LaTeX{} ``article'' style. +Even if you are familiar with those commands, we urge you to read +this entire documentation thoroughly. It contains many suggestions on +how to use our commands properly; thus your paper +will be formatted exactly to JNS standard. +For the input of the references at the end of your contribution, +please follow our instructions given in Sect.\,\ref{refer} References. + +The majority of these hints are not specific for JNS; they may improve +your use of \LaTeX{} in general. +Furthermore, the documentation provides suggestions about the proper +editing and use +of the input files (capitalization, abbreviation etc.) (see +Sect.\,\ref{refedit} How to Edit Your Input File). +% +\section{How to Proceed} +% +Please insert the enclosed diskette or tape into your computer. You will +find the following files: +\begin{flushleft} +\begin{tabular}{@{}p{2.5cm}l} +{\it jnsl.doc} & General instructions (this document),\\ + & {\it jnsl.doc} means jns latex.documentation\\ +{\it jnsl.dem} & An example showing how to code the text\\ +{\it jns.sty} & Style file to invoke \LaTeX{} +\end{tabular} +\end{flushleft} +You have to run each file twice with: \verb|latex file.name|. +% +\subsection{How to Invoke the JNS Style File} +% +The JNS style file is an adaptation of the \LaTeX{} ``article'' style. +Therefore you may use all ``article'' style commands to prepare your +manuscript. +JNS style is invoked by replacing ``article'' by ``jns'' in the first +line of your document: +\begin{verbatim} +\documentstyle{jns}| +% +\begin{document} + <Your contribution> +\end{document} +\end{verbatim} +% +\subsection{Contributions Already Coded with \protect\LaTeX{} without +the JNS Style File} +% +If your file is already coded with \LaTeX{} you can easily +adapt it a posteriori to JNS style. Contributions submitted +to us in \LaTeX{} but not adapted to JNS style, +cannot be accepted for electronic processing; they will be typeset +in the conventional way. + +Please refrain from using any \LaTeX{} or \TeX{} commands +that affect the layout or formatting of your document (i.e. commands +like \verb|\textheight|, \verb|\vspace|, \verb|\hoffset| etc.). +There may nevertheless be exceptional occasions on which to +use some of them. + +The JNS style has been carefully designed to produce the right layout +from your \LaTeX{} input. If there is anything specific you would like +to do and for which the style file does not provide a command, +{\em please contact us.\/} +% +\section{General Rules for Coding Formulas} +% +With mathematical formulas you may proceed as described +in Sect.\,3.3 of the {\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference +Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport (1986), Addison-Wesley Publishing +Company, Reading, Mass. + +Equations are automatically numbered sequentially throughout +your contribution using arabic numerals in parentheses on the right-hand side. + +When you are working in math mode everything is typeset in italics. +Sometimes you need to insert non-mathematical elements (e.g.\ +words or phrases). Such insertions should be coded in roman +(with \verb|\mbox|) as illustrated in the following example: +\begin{flushleft} +{\it Sample Input} +\end{flushleft} +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{equation} + \left(\frac{a^{2} + b^{2}}{c^{3}} \right) = 1 \quad + \mbox{ if } c\neq 0 \mbox{ and if } a,b,c\in \bbbr \enspace . +\end{equation} +\end{verbatim} +{\it Sample Output} +\begin{equation} + \left(\frac{a^{2} + b^{2}}{c^{3}} \right) = 1 \quad + \mbox{ if } c\neq 0 \mbox{ and if } a,b,c\in \bbbr \enspace . +\end{equation} + +If you wish to start a new paragraph immediately after a displayed +equation, insert a blank line so as to produce the required +indentation. If there is no new paragraph either do not insert +a blank line or code \verb|\noindent| immediately before +continuing the text. Titles have no end punctuation. + +Please punctuate a displayed equation in the same way as other +ordinary text but with an \verb|\enspace| before end punctuation. + +Note that the sizes of the parentheses or other delimiter +symbols used in equations should ideally match the height of the +formulas being enclosed. This is automatically taken care of by +the following \LaTeX{} commands:\\[2mm] +\verb|\left(| or \verb|\left[| and +\verb|\right)| or \verb|\right]|. +% +\subsection{Italic and Roman Type in Math Mode} +% +\begin{alpherate} +\item +In math mode \TeX{} and \LaTeX{} treat all letters as though they +were mathematical or physical variables, hence they are typeset in +italics. However, for certain components of formulas, like short texts, +this would be incorrect and therefore coding in roman is required. +Roman should also be used for +subscripts and superscripts {\it in formulas\/} where these are +merely labels and not in themselves variables, +e.g.\ $T_{\rm eff}$ \ not \ $T_{eff}$, +$T_{\rm K}$ \ not \ $T_K$ (K = Kelvin), +$m_{\rm e}$ \ not \ $m_e$ (e = electron). +However, do not code for roman +if the sub/superscripts represent variables, +e.g.\ $\sum_{i=1}^{n} a_{i}$. +\item +Please ensure that {\em physical units\/} (e.g.\ pc, erg s$^{-1}$ +K, cm$^{-3}$, W m$^{-2}$ Hz$^{-1}$, m kg s$^{-2}$ A$^{-2}$) and +{\it abbreviations} such as Ord, Var, GL, SL, sgn, const.\ +are always set in roman type. To ensure +this use the \verb|\rm| command: \verb|{\rm Hz}|. +On p.\ 46 of the {\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference +Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport you will find the names of +common mathe\-matical functions, such as log, sin, exp, max and sup. +These should be coded as \verb|\log|, +\verb|\sin|, \verb|\exp|, \verb|\max|, \verb|\sup| +and will appear in roman. +\item +Chemical symbols and formulas should be coded for roman, +e.g.\ Fe not $Fe$, H$_2$O not {\em H$_2$O\/}. +\item +Familiar foreign words and phrases, e.g.\ et al., +a priori, in situ, brems\-strah\-lung, eigenvalues should not be +italicized. +\end{alpherate} +% +\section{How to Edit Your Input (Source) File} +\label{refedit} +% +\subsection{Headings} +% +All words in headings should be capitalized except for +conjunctions, prepositions +(e.g.\ on, of, by, and, or, but, from, with, without, under) +and definite and indefinite articles (the, a, an) unless they appear at +the beginning. Formula letters must be typeset as in the text. +% +\subsection{Capitalization and Non-capitalization} +% +\begin{alpherate} +\item +The following should always be capitalized: +\begin{itemize} +\item +Headings (see preceding Sect.\,4.1) +\item +Abbreviations and expressions +in the text such as Fig(s)., Table(s), Sect(s)., Chap(s)., +Theorem, Corollary, Definition etc. when used with numbers, e.g.\ +Fig.\,3, Table\,1, Theorem 2. +\end{itemize} +Please follow the special rules in Sect.\,4.3 for referring to equations. +\item +The following should {\it not\/} be capitalized: +\begin{itemize} +\item +The words figure(s), table(s), equation(s), +theorem(s) in the text when used without an accompanying number +\item +Figure legends and table captions except for names and +abbreviations. +\end{itemize} +\end{alpherate} +% +\subsection{Abbreviation of Words} +% +\begin{alpherate} +\item +The following {\it should} be abbreviated +when they appear in running text {\it +unless\/} they come at the beginning of a sentence: Chap., Sect., Fig.; +e.g.\ The results are depicted in Fig.\,5. Figure 9 reveals that \dots .\\ +{\it Please note\/}: Equations should usually be referred to solely by their +number in parentheses: e.g.\ (14). However, when the reference comes at the +beginning of a sentence, the unabbreviated word ``Equation'' +should be used: e.g.\ Equation (14) is very important. However, (15) +makes it clear that \dots . +\item +If abbreviations of names or concepts are used +throughout the text, they should be defined at first occurrence, +e.g.\ Plurisubharmonic (PSH) Functions, Strong Optimization (SOPT) +Problem. +\end{alpherate} +% +\section{How to Code the Beginning of Your Contribution} +\label{contbegin} +% +The title of your contribution should be coded as follows: +\begin{verbatim} +\title{<Your contribution title>} +\end{verbatim} +All words in titles should be capitalized except for +conjunctions, prepositions +(e.g.\ on, of, by, and, or, but, from, with, without, under) +and definite and indefinite articles (the, a, an) unless they appear at +the beginning. Formula letters must be typeset as in the text. +Titles have no end punctuation. + +If a long \verb|\title| must be divided please use the +code \verb|\\| (for new line).\\[6mm] +Now the name(s) of the authors(s) must be given: +\begin{verbatim} +\author{<author(s) name(s)>} +\end{verbatim} +Numbers referring to different addresses are +to be attached to each author. +If you have done this correctly, the entry now reads, for example: +\begin{verbatim} +\author{Ivar Ekeland\inst{1} and Roger Temam\inst{2}} +\end{verbatim} +The first name\footnote{Other initials are optional +and may be inserted if this is the usual +way of writing your name, e.g.\ Alfred J.~Holmes, E.~Henry Green.} +is followed by the surname. + +If there is more than one author, the order is up to you. +However, if there are more than two authors, you must separate the names +by commas. If the authors have different affiliations, +each name has to be followed by: +\begin{verbatim} +\inst{no} +\end{verbatim} +\newpage +Next the address(es) of institute(s), company etc. is (are) required. +If there is more than one address, the entries are numbered +automatically with \verb|\and|, in the order in which you type them. +Please make sure that the numbers match those placed next to +to the authors' names. +\begin{verbatim} +\institute{<name of an institute> +\and <name of the next institute> +\and <name of the next institute>} +\end{verbatim} +Unlike usual \LaTeX{} the \verb|\and| command is used with the +\verb|\institute| and not with the \verb|\author| command. + +\medskip +If footnotes are needed in \verb|\title| please code +(immediately after the word where the footnote +indicator should be placed): +\begin{verbatim} +\thanks{<text>} +\end{verbatim} +\verb|\thanks| may only appear in \verb|\title|, \verb|\author| +and \verb|\institute| (see below) to footnote anything. + +\medskip\noindent +The command +\begin{verbatim} +\maketitle +\end{verbatim} +formats the complete heading of your article. If you leave +it out the work done so far will produce {\bf no} text, +see {\it Sample Input} on p.~\pageref{samppage}. +% +\section{How to Code Your Text} +% +The contribution title and all headings should be capitalized +except for conjunctions, prepositions +(e.g.\ on, of, by, and, or, but, from, with, without, under) +and definite and indefinite articles (the, a, an) unless they appear at +the beginning. Formula letters must be typeset as in the text. + +Headings will be automatically numbered by the following codes.\\[2mm] +{\it Sample Input} +\begin{verbatim} +\section{This is a First-Order Title} +\subsection{This is a Second-Order Title} +\subsubsection{This is a Third-Order Title.} +\paragraph{This is a Fourth-Order Title.} +\end{verbatim} +\verb|\section| and \verb|\subsection| have no end punctuation.\\ +\verb|\subsubsection| and \verb|\paragraph| +need to be punctuated at the end. + +Note that \verb|\title| and \verb|\author| will create the page +header (running head), but it may happen that you need to shorten your +title for the page header, because only one line is allowed (our macro +will produce an error message whereupon you must provide a shortened +version of the title for the page header). In this case you should use +the following coding directly after the coding of \verb|\title| +or \verb|\author|. +\begin{verbatim} +\titlerunning{Abbreviated contribution title} +\authorrunning{Abbreviated authors} +\end{verbatim} +\newpage +In addition to the above-mentioned headings your text may be structured +by subsections indicated by run-in headings (theorem-like environments). +All the theorem-like environments are numbered automatically +throughout the sections of your file. +If you call lemma once, this will be numbered 1; if corollary follows, +this will be numbered 2; if you then call lemma again, this will be +numbered 3. + +But in case you want to reset this counter at 1 in each section, +please give the document style option \verb|envcountreset|: +\begin{verbatim} +\documentstyle[envcountreset]{jns} +\end{verbatim} + +\vspace{.5cm}\noindent +The following possibilities for run-in headings are available: +\begin{flushleft} +\verb|\begin{lemma} Text of the lemma \end{lemma}|\quad (see Output +Sample 1)\\[2mm] +% +\verb|\begin{lemma}[additional explanation of lemma] Text of +lemma \end{lemma}| \quad (see Output Sample 2)\\[2mm] +% +\verb|\begin{lemma}(overriding automatic numbering.) Text of the lemma +\end{lemma}| \quad (see Output Sample 3)\\[2mm] +% +\verb|\begin{lemma}(x)[additional explanation of lemma] Text of +lemma\end{lemma}| \quad (see Output Sample 4)\\[2mm] +% +\verb|\begin{lemma}* Text of lemma \end{lemma}| \quad (see Output +Sample 5)\\[2mm] +% +\verb|\begin{lemma}*[additional explanation of lemma] Text of +lemma\end{lemma}| \quad (see Output Sample 6) +\end{flushleft} +% +\begin{flushleft} +{\it Output Sample 1} +\begin{lemma}Text of lemma\end{lemma} +% +{\it Output Sample 2} +\begin{lemma}[additional explanation of lemma] Text of lemma\end{lemma} +% +{\it Output Sample 3} +\begin{lemma}(overriding automatic numbering.) Text of lemma\end{lemma} +% +{\it Output Sample 4} +\begin{lemma}(x)[additional explanation of lemma] Text of lemma\end{lemma} +% +{\it Output Sample 5} +\begin{lemma}* Text of lemma\end{lemma} +% +{\it Output Sample 6} +\begin{lemma}*[additional explanation of lemma] Text of lemma\end{lemma} +\end{flushleft} +\newpage +\noindent +The following variety of run-in headings are at your disposal: +\begin{alpherate} +\item +{\bf Bold} run-in headings with italicized text +as built-in environments: +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{proposition} <text> \end{proposition} +\begin{corollary} <text> \end{corollary} +\begin{lemma} <text> \end{lemma} +\begin{theorem} <text> \end{theorem} +\end{verbatim} +\item +The following must generally appear as {\it italic} run-in heading: +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{proof} <text> \qed \end{proof} +\end{verbatim} +\item +Further {\it italic} or {\bf bold} run-in headings may also occur: +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{definition} <text> \end{definition} +\begin{example} <text> \end{example} +\begin{remark} <text> \end{remark} +\begin{exercise} <text> \end{exercise} +\begin{problem} <text> \end{problem} +\begin{solution} <text> \end{solution} +\begin{note} <text> \end{note} +\begin{question} <text> \end{question} +\end{verbatim} +\end{alpherate} +% +\subsubsection*{Defining Your Own Environments.} +% +You can define additional environments using the command +\verb|\newstytheorem| which has five parameters. The first is the name +your environment should have (e.g.\ \verb|conjecture|). +After this follows the +font family used for this heading (please use only \verb|\bf| for bold +or \verb|\it| for italic) and the font family to use for the text of +this new environment (e.g.\ \verb|\it| or \verb|\rm|). Then the name of +an already known environment should be given in brackets (e.g.\ +\verb|[theorem]|). Your new environment will be numbered like the old +one. Finally comes the real text of the new run-in heading (e.g.\ +\verb|Conjecture|).\\ +Sample definition: +\begin{verbatim} +\newstytheorem{conjecture}{\bf}{\it}[theorem]{Conjecture} +\end{verbatim} +\newstytheorem{conjecture}{\bf}{\it}[theorem]{Conjecture} +Use of that definition: +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{conjecture} <text> \end{conjecture} +\end{verbatim} +e.g. +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{conjecture} It is clear that ...\end{conjecture} +\end{verbatim} +Its output: +\begin{conjecture} +It is clear that \dots +\end{conjecture} +\newpage +% +\noindent +{\it Sample Input} +\label{samppage} +\begin{verbatim} +\title{Hamiltonian Mechanics} + +\author{Ivar Ekeland\inst{1} and Roger Temam\inst{2}} + +\institute{Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA +\and +Universit\'{e} de Paris-Sud, +Laboratoire d'Analyse Num\'{e}rique, B\^{a}timent 425,\\ +F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France} + +\maketitle +% +\section{Fixed-Period Problems: The Sublinear Case} +% +With this chapter, the preliminaries are over, and we begin the +search for periodic solutions \dots +% +\subsection{Autonomous Systems} +% +In this section we will consider the case when the Hamiltonian +$H(x)$ \dots +% +\subsubsection*{The General Case: Nontriviality.} +% +We assume that $H$ is +$\left(A_{\infty}, B_{\infty}\right)$-subqua\-dra\-tic +at infinity, for some constant \dots +% +\paragraph{Notes and Comments.} +The first results on subharmonics were \dots +% +\begin{proposition} +Assume $H'(0)=0$ and $ H(0)=0$. Set \dots +\end{proposition} +\begin{proof}[of proposition] +Condition (8) means that, for every $\delta'>\delta$, there is +some $\varepsilon>0$ such that \dots \qed +\end{proof} +% +\begin{example}[\rm (External forcing)] +Consider the system \dots +\end{example} +\begin{corollary} +Assume $H$ is $C^{2}$ and +$\left(a_{\infty}, b_{\infty}\right)$-subquadratic +at infinity. Let \dots +\end{corollary} +\begin{lemma} +Assume that $H$ is $C^{2}$ on $\bbbr^{2n}\backslash \{0\}$ +and that $H''(x)$ is \dots +\end{lemma} +\begin{theorem}[(Ghoussoub-Preiss)] +Let $X$ be a Banach Space and $\Phi:X\to\bbbr$ \dots +\end{theorem} +\begin{definition} +We shall say that a $C^{1}$ function $\Phi:X\to\bbbr$ +satisfies \dots +\end{definition} +\end{verbatim} +{\it Sample Output\/} (follows on the next page together with +examples of the above run-in headings) +% +\setcounter{theorem}{0} +\title{Hamiltonian Mechanics} + +\author{Ivar Ekeland\inst{1} and Roger Temam\inst{2}} + +\institute{Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA +\and +Universit\'{e} de Paris-Sud, +Laboratoire d'Analyse Num\'{e}rique, B\^{a}timent 425,\\ +F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France} + +\maketitle +% +\section*{1 \ Fixed-Period Problems: The Sublinear Case} +% +With this chapter, the preliminaries are over, and we begin the search +for periodic solutions \dots +% +\subsection*{1.1 \ Autonomous Systems} +% +In this section we will consider the case when the Hamiltonian +$H(x)$ \dots +% +\subsubsection*{The General Case: Nontriviality.} +% +We assume that $H$ is +$\left(A_{\infty}, B_{\infty}\right)$-subqua\-dra\-tic at +infinity, for some constant \dots +% +\paragraph{Notes and Comments.} +The first results on subharmonics were \dots +% +\begin{proposition} +Assume $H'(0)=0$ and $ H(0)=0$. Set \dots +\end{proposition} +\begin{proof}[of proposition] +Condition (8) means that, for every $\delta'>\delta$, there is +some $\varepsilon>0$ such that \dots \qed +\end{proof} +% +\begin{example}[\rm (External forcing)] +Consider the system \dots +\end{example} +\begin{corollary} +Assume $H$ is $C^{2}$ and +$\left(a_{\infty}, b_{\infty}\right)$-subquadratic +at infinity. Let \dots +\end{corollary} +\begin{lemma} +Assume that $H$ is $C^{2}$ on $\bbbr^{2n}\backslash \{0\}$ +and that $H''(x)$ is \dots +\end{lemma} +\begin{theorem}[(Ghoussoub-Preiss)] +Let $X$ be a Banach Space and $\Phi:X\to\bbbr$ \dots +\end{theorem} +\begin{definition} +We shall say that a $C^{1}$ function $\Phi:X\to\bbbr$ satisfies \dots +\end{definition} +\newpage +% +\markboth{Style File for Authors Coding with \LaTeX{}}{Style File +for Authors Coding with \LaTeX{}} +\section{Fine Tuning of the Text} +% +The following should be used to improve the readability of the text: +\begin{flushleft} +\begin{tabular}{@{}p{.19\textwidth}p{.79\textwidth}} +\verb|\,| & a thin space, e.g.\ between numbers or between units + and num\-bers; a line division will not be made + following this space\\ +\verb|--| & en dash; two strokes, without a space at either end\\ +\verb*| -- | & en dash; two strokes, with a space at either end\\ +\verb|-| & hyphen; one stroke, no space at either end\\ +\verb|$-$| & minus, in the text {\em only} \\[8mm] +{\em Input} & \verb|21\,$^{\circ}$C etc.,|\\ + & \verb|Dr h.\,c.\,Rockefellar-Smith \dots|\\ + & \verb|20,000\,km and Prof.\,Dr Mallory \dots|\\ + & \verb|1950--1985 \dots|\\ + & \verb|this -- written on a computer -- is now printed|\\ + & \verb|$-30$\,K \dots|\\[3mm] +{\em Output} & 21\,$^{\circ}$C etc., Dr h.\,c.\,Rockefellar-Smith \dots\\ + & 20,000\,km and Prof.\,Dr Mallory \dots\\ + & 1950--1985 \dots\\ + & this -- written on a computer -- is now printed\\ + & $-30$\,K \dots +\end{tabular} +\end{flushleft} +% +\section {Special Typefaces} +% +Normal type (roman) need not be coded. {\it Italic} +(not {\sl slanted}) or, if necessary, {\bf boldface} +should be used for emphasis in the text. +\begin{flushleft} +\begin{tabular}{@{}p{.19\textwidth}p{.79\textwidth}} +\verb|{\it Text}| & {\it Italicized Text}\\ +\verb|{\em Text}| & {\em Emphasized Text}\\ + & {\it If you would like to emphasize a {\em definition} within an + italicized text (e.g.\ of a {\em theorem)} you should code the + expression to be emphasized by} \verb|\em|.\\ +\verb|{\bf Text}| & {\bf Important Text}\\ +\verb|\vec{Symbol}| & Vectors may only appear in math mode. The default + \LaTeX{} vector symbol has been adapted to JNS conventions.\\ + & \verb|$\vec{A times B\cdot C}| yields $\vec{A\times B\cdot C}$\\ + & \verb|$\vec{A}^{T} \otimes \vec{B} \otimes \vec{\hat{D}}$|\\ + & yields $\vec{A}^{T} \otimes \vec{B} \otimes \vec{\hat{D}}$ +\end{tabular} +\end{flushleft} +\newpage +% +\section {Footnotes} +% +Footnotes within the text should be coded: +\begin{verbatim} +\footnote{Text} +\end{verbatim} +{\it Sample Input} +\begin{flushleft} +Text with a footnote\verb|\footnote{The footnote is automatically +numbered.}| and text continues \dots +\end{flushleft} +{\it Sample Output} +\begin{flushleft} +Text with a footnote\footnote{The footnote is automatically numbered.} +and text continues \dots +\end{flushleft} +% +\section {Lists} +% +Please code lists as described below:\\[2mm] +{\it Sample Input} +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{enumerate} + \item First item + \item Second item + \begin{enumerate} + \item First nested item + \item Second nested item + \end{enumerate} + \item Third item +\end{enumerate} +\end{verbatim} +{\it Sample Output} + \begin{enumerate} +\item First item +\item Second item + \begin{enumerate} + \item First nested item + \item Second nested item + \end{enumerate} +\item Third item +\end{enumerate} +\newpage +% +\section {Figures} +% +Figure legends should be inserted after (not in) +the paragraph in which the figure is first mentioned. +They will be numbered automatically. + +{\it The figures\/} (line drawings and those containing halftone inserts +as well as halftone figures) {\it should not be pasted into your +laserprinter output}. They should be enclosed separately in camera-ready +form (original artwork, glossy prints, photographs and/or slides). The +lettering should be suitable for reproduction, and after reduction the +height of capital letters should be at least +1.8\,mm and not more than 2.5\,mm. +Check that lines and other details are uniformly black and +that the lettering on figures is clearly legible. + +To leave the desired amount of space for the height of +your figures, please use the coding described below. +As can be seen in the output, we will automatically +provide 1\,cm space above and below the figure, +so that you should only leave the space equivalent to the size of the +figure itself. Please note that ``\verb|x|'' in the following +coding stands for the actual height of the figure: +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{figure} +\vspace{x cm} +\caption[ ]{...text of caption...} (Do type [ ]) +\end{figure} +\end{verbatim} +\begin{flushleft} +{\it Sample Input} +\end{flushleft} +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{figure} +\vspace{2.5cm} +\caption{This is the caption of the figure displaying a white +eagle and a white horse on a snow field} +\end{figure} +\end{verbatim} +\begin{flushleft} +{\it Sample Output} +\end{flushleft} +\begin{figure} +\vspace{2.5cm} +\caption{This is the caption of the figure displaying a white eagle and +a white horse on a snow field} +\end{figure} +% +\section{Tables} +% +Table captions should be treated +in the same way as figure legends, except that +the table captions appear {\it above} the tables. The tables +will be numbered automatically. +% +\subsection{Tables Coded with \protect\LaTeX{}} +% +Please use the following coding:\\[2mm] +{\it Sample Input} +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{table} +\caption[ ]{Observational results from NGC 4827} +\begin{flushleft} +\begin{tabular}{llllllllllllll} +\hline + & & \multicolumn{3}{l}{RA (1950)} &\ + & \multicolumn{3}{l}{Dec (1950)} + & $S$ & Pol & \% & $\log P$\\ +\cline{3-5}\cline{7-9} + & &(h) &(m) & (s) & & (\degr) + & (\arcmin) & (\arcsec) + & (mJy) & (mJy) & & (W Hz$^{-1}$)\\ +\hline +Core & (5 GHz) & 12 & 54 & 18.0 & & 27 & 26 & 56.2 + & 8 & & & 21.64 \\ +Total&(327 MHz)& & & & & & & + & 210 & & & 23.13 \\ + &(1.4 GHz)& & & & & & & + & 57 & 1.3 & 2 & 22.49 \\ + & (5 GHz) & & & & & & & + & 26 & 0.73 & 3 & 22.15 \\ +\hline +\end{tabular} +\end{flushleft} +\end{table} + +Before continuing your text you need an empty line. \dots +\end{verbatim} + +\begin{table} +\caption[ ]{Observational results from NGC 4827} +\begin{flushleft} +\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2} +\begin{tabular}{llllllllllllll} +\hline + & & \multicolumn{3}{l}{RA (1950)} &\ & \multicolumn{3}{l}{Dec (1950)} + & $S$ & Pol & \% & $\log P$\\ +\cline{3-5}\cline{7-9} + & &(h) &(m) & (s) & & (\degr) & (\arcmin) & (\arcsec) + & (mJy) & (mJy) & & (W Hz$^{-1}$)\\ +\hline +Core & (5 GHz) & 12 & 54 & 18.0 & & 27 & 26 & 56.2 + & 8 & & & 21.64 \\ +Total&(327 MHz)& & & & & & & + & 210 & & & 23.13 \\ + &(1.4 GHz)& & & & & & & + & 57 & 1.3 & 2 & 22.49 \\ + & (5 GHz) & & & & & & & + & 26 & 0.73 & 3 & 22.15 \\ +\hline +\end{tabular} +\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1} +\end{flushleft} +\end{table} + +Before continuing your text you need an empty line. \dots + +\vspace{3mm} +For further information you will find a complete description of +the tabular environment +on p.~63~ff. and p.~182 of the {\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference +Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport. +% +\subsection{Tables Not Coded with \protect\LaTeX{}} +% +If you do not wish to code your table using \LaTeX{} +but prefer to have it reproduced separately, +proceed as for figures and use the following coding:\\[2mm] +{\it Sample Input} +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{table} +\caption{text of your caption} +\vspace{x cm} % the actual height needed for your table +\end{table} +\end{verbatim} +% +\subsection{Signs and Characters} +% +\subsubsection*{Special Signs.} +% +You may need to use special signs. The available ones are listed in the +{\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport, +pp.~44\,ff. +We have created further symbols for math mode (enclosed in \$): +\begin{center} +\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{1em}yields\hspace{1em}} +c@{\hspace{3em}}l@{\hspace{1em}yields\hspace{1em}}c} +\verb|\grole| & $\grole$ & \verb|\getsto| & $\getsto$\\ +\verb|\lid| & $\lid$ & \verb|\gid| & $\gid$ +\end{tabular} +\end{center} +% +\subsubsection*{Gothic (Fraktur).} +% +If gothic letters are {\it necessary}, please use those of the +relevant \AmSTeX{} alphabet which are available from the +American Mathematical Society. + +In \LaTeX{} only the following gothic letters are +available: \verb|$\Re$| yields $\Re$ and \verb|$\Im$| yields $\Im$. +These should {\it not\/} be used when you need gothic letters for your +contribution. Use \AmSTeX{} gothic as explained above. +For the real and the imaginary parts of a complex number within math mode +you should use instead: \verb|$\rm Re$| (which yields Re) or +\verb|$\rm Im$| (which yields Im). +% +\subsubsection*{Script.} +% +For script capitals use the coding +\begin{center} +\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{1em}which yields\hspace{1em}}c} +\verb|$\cal AB$| & $\cal AB$ +\end{tabular} +\end{center} +(see p.~43 of the \LaTeX{} book). +% +\subsubsection*{Special Roman.} +% +If you need other symbols than those below, you could use +the blackboard bold characters of \AmSTeX{}, but there might arise +capacity problems +in loading additional \AmSTeX{} fonts. Therefore we created +the blackboard bold characters listed below. +\begin{flushleft} +\begin{tabular}{@{}ll@{ yields } +c@{\hspace{1.1em}}ll@{ yields }c} +\verb|\bbbc| & (complex numbers) & $\bbbc$ + & \verb|\bbbf| & (blackboard bold F) & $\bbbf$\\ +\verb|\bbbh| & (blackboard bold H) & $\bbbh$ + & \verb|\bbbk| & (blackboard bold K) & $\bbbk$\\ +\verb|\bbbm| & (blackboard bold M) & $\bbbm$ + & \verb|\bbbn| & (natural numbers N) & $\bbbn$\\ +\verb|\bbbp| & (blackboard bold P) & $\bbbp$ + & \verb|\bbbq| & (rational numbers) & $\bbbq$\\ +\verb|\bbbr| & (real numbers) & $\bbbr$ + & \verb|\bbbs| & (blackboard bold S) & $\bbbs$\\ +\verb|\bbbt| & (blackboard bold T) & $\bbbt$ + & \verb|\bbbz| & (whole numbers) & $\bbbz$\\ +\verb|\bbbone| & (symbol one) & $\bbbone$ +\end{tabular} +\end{flushleft} +\begin{displaymath} +\begin{array}{c} +\bbbc^{\bbbc^{\bbbc}} \otimes +\bbbf_{\bbbf_{\bbbf}} \otimes +\bbbh_{\bbbh_{\bbbh}} \otimes +\bbbk_{\bbbk_{\bbbk}} \otimes +\bbbm^{\bbbm^{\bbbm}} \otimes +\bbbn_{\bbbn_{\bbbn}} \otimes +\bbbp^{\bbbp^{\bbbp}}\\[2mm] +\otimes +\bbbq_{\bbbq_{\bbbq}} \otimes +\bbbr^{\bbbr^{\bbbr}} \otimes +\bbbs^{\bbbs_{\bbbs}} \otimes +\bbbt^{\bbbt^{\bbbt}} \otimes +\bbbz \otimes +\bbbone^{\bbbone_{\bbbone}} +\end{array} +\end{displaymath} +% +\subsubsection*{Sans Serif.} +% +Using our macros you can also choose this font family; +use the command \verb|\sf| for {\sf sans serif} +(like \verb|\it| for {\it italic style}). +% +\section{References} +\label{refer} +% +There are three reference systems available; only one, of course, +should be used for your contribution. With each system (by author-year, +by number only or by letter-number) a reference list +containing all citations in the +text, should be included at the end of your contribution placing the +\LaTeX{} environment \verb|thebibliography| there. +For an overall information on that environment +see the {\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference +Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport, p.~73. +% +\subsection{Author-Year System} +% +References are cited in the text by name and year in parentheses +and should look as follows: +(Smith 1970, 1980), (Ekeland et al. 1985, Theorem 2), (Jones and Jaffe +1986; Farrow 1988, Chap.\,2). If the name is part of the sentence +only the year may appear in parentheses, +e.g.\ Ekeland et al. (1985, Sect.\,2.1) +The reference list should contain all citations occurring in the text, +ordered alphabetically by surname (with initials following). If there +are several works by the same author(s) the references should be listed +in the appropriate order indicated below: +\begin{alpherate} +\item +One author: list works chronologically; +\item +Author and same co-author(s): list works chronologically; +\item +Author and different co-authors: list works alphabetically +according to co-authors. +\end{alpherate} +If there are several works by the same author(s) and in the same year, +but which are cited separately, they should be distinguished by +the use of ``a'', ``b'' etc., e.g.\ (Smith 1982a), (Ekeland et al. 1982b). +% +\subsubsection*{How to Code Author-Year System.} +% +If you want to use this system you have to specify in \verb|documentstyle| +the option \verb|[citeauthoryear]|, like: +\begin{verbatim} +\documentstyle[citeauthoryear]{jns} +\end{verbatim} +Write your citations in the +text explicitly except for the year, leaving that up to \LaTeX{} with the +\verb|\cite| command. Then give only the appropriate year as the optional +argument (i.e. the label in square brackets) with the \verb|\bibitem| +command(s).\\[2mm] +{\it Sample Input} +\begin{verbatim} +The results in this section are a refined version +of Clarke and Ekeland (\cite{clar:eke}); the minimality result of +Proposition~14 was the first of its kind. +\end{verbatim} +The above input produces the citation: ``\dots\ refined version of +Clarke and Ekeland (1982); the minimality\dots''. Then the +\verb|\bibitem| +entry of the \verb|thebibliography| environment should read: +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{thebibliography}{} % (do not forget {}) +.. +.. +\bibitem[1982]{clar:eke} +Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.: +Nonlinear oscillations and boundary-value problems for +Hamiltonian systems. +Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. {\bf 78} (1982) 315--333 +.. +.. +\end{thebibliography} +\end{verbatim} +{\it Sample Output} +\bibauthoryear +% +\subsection{References by Letter-Number or by Number Only} +% +References are cited in the text -- using the \verb|\cite| +command of \LaTeX{} -- by number or by letter-number in square +brackets, e.g.\ [1] or [E1, S2], [P1], according to your use of the +\verb|\bibitem| command in the \verb|thebibliography| environment. The +coding is as follows: if you choose your own label for the sources by +giving an optional argument to the \verb|\bibitem| command the citations +in the text are marked with the label you supplied. Otherwise a simple +numbering is done. +\begin{verbatim} +The results in this section are a refined version +of \cite{clar:eke}; the minimality result of Proposition~14 +was the first of its kind. +\end{verbatim} +The above input produces the citation: ``\dots\ refined version of +[CE1]; the min\-i\-mality\dots''. Then the \verb|\bibitem| entry of +the \verb|thebibliography| environment should read: +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{thebibliography}{MT1} +.. +.. +\bibitem[CE1]{clar:eke} +Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.: +Nonlinear oscillations and boundary-value problems for +Hamiltonian systems. +Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. {\bf 78} (1982) 315--333 +.. +.. +\end{thebibliography} +\end{verbatim} +The complete bibliography looks like this: +% +\begin{thebibliography}{MT1} +% +\bibitem[CE1]{clar:eke} +Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.: +Nonlinear oscillations and +boundary-value problems for Hamiltonian systems. +Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. {\bf 78} (1982) 315--333 +% +\bibitem[CE2]{clar:eke:2} +Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.: +Solutions p\'{e}riodiques, du +p\'{e}riode donn\'{e}e, des \'{e}quations hamiltoniennes. +Note CRAS Paris {\bf 287} (1978) 1013--1015 +% +\bibitem[MT1]{mich:tar} +Michalek, R., Tarantello, G.: +Subharmonic solutions with prescribed minimal +period for nonautonomous Hamiltonian systems. +J. Diff. Eq. {\bf 72} (1988) 28--55 +% +\bibitem[Ta1]{tar} +Tarantello, G.: +Subharmonic solutions for Hamiltonian +systems via a $\bbbz_{p}$ pseudoindex theory. +Annali di Matematica Pura (to appear) +% +\bibitem[Ra1]{rab} +Rabinowitz, P.: +On subharmonic solutions of a Hamiltonian system. +Comm. Pure Appl. Math. {\bf 33} (1980) 609--633 +\end{thebibliography} +% +\subsubsection*{Number-Only System.} +% +For this system do not use the optional argument +in the \verb|\bibitem| command: then, only numbers will +appear for the citations in the text (enclosed in square brackets) +as well as for the marks in your +bibliography (here the number is only end-punctuated without +square brackets). +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{thebibliography}{1} +\bibitem[CE1]{clar:eke} +Clarke, F., Ekeland, I.: +Nonlinear oscillations and boundary-value problems for +Hamiltonian systems. +Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. {\bf 78} (1982) 315--333 +\end{thebibliography} +\end{verbatim} +% +\end{document} |