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diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/llncs/llncsdoc.tex b/macros/latex/contrib/llncs/llncsdoc.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b8c8f38540 --- /dev/null +++ b/macros/latex/contrib/llncs/llncsdoc.tex @@ -0,0 +1,422 @@ +% This is LLNCSDOC.TEX the documentation file of +% the LaTeX2e class from Springer-Verlag +% for Lecture Notes in Computer Science, version 2.21 +\documentclass{llncs} +\usepackage{llncsdoc} +\usepackage{graphicx} +\usepackage{doc} +\usepackage[dvips,bookmarksopen]{hyperref} +% +\makeatletter\@twosidefalse\@mparswitchfalse\makeatother +\begin{document} +\title{Instructions for Using Springer's \texttt{llncs} Class for +Computer Science Proceedings Papers} +% +\subtitle{\texttt{llncs}, Version 2.21, Jan 12, 2022} +% +\author{} +\institute{} + +\maketitle \thispagestyle{empty} +% +\section{Installation} +% +Copy \texttt{llncs.cls} to a directory that is searched by \LaTeX{}, +e.g. either your \texttt{texmf} tree or the local work directory with your main +{\LaTeX} file. + +% +\section{Working with the \texttt{llncs} Document Class} +% +\subsection{General Information} +The \texttt{llncs} class is an extension of the standard \LaTeX{} \texttt{article} +class. Therefore you may use all \texttt{article} commands in your +manuscript. + +If you are already familiar with \LaTeX{}, the \texttt{llncs} class should +not give you any major difficulties. It basically adjusts the layout +to the required standard, defining styles and spacing of headings +and captions and setting the printing area to 122\,mm horizontally +by 193\,mm vertically. To keep the layout consistent, we kindly ask +you to refrain from using any \LaTeX{} or \TeX{} command that +modifies these settings (i.e. \verb|\textheight|, \verb|\vspace|, +\verb|baselinestretch|, etc.). Such manual layout adjustments should +be limited to very exceptional cases. + +In addition to defining the general layout, the \texttt{llncs} document class +provides some special commands for typesetting the contribution +header, i.e. title, authors, affiliations, abstract, and additional +metadata. These special commands are described in Sect.~\ref{Sec2}. + +For a more detailed description of how to prepare your text, +illustrations, and references, see the {\em Springer Guidelines for +Authors of Proceedings}. + + +\subsection{How to Use the \texttt{llncs} Document Class} +The \texttt{llncs} class is invoked by replacing \texttt{article} by \texttt{llncs} in +the first line of your \LaTeX{} document: +\begin{verbatim} +\documentclass{llncs} +% +\begin{document} + <Your contribution> +\end{document} +\end{verbatim} +% +If your file is already coded with \LaTeX{}, you can easily adapt it +to the \texttt{llncs} document class by replacing +\begin{verbatim} +\documentclass{article} +\end{verbatim} +with +\begin{verbatim} +\documentclass{llncs} +\end{verbatim} + + +\section{How to Code the Header of Your Paper}\label{Sec2} +\label{contbegin} +\subsection{Title} +% +\DescribeMacro{\title} Please code the title of your contribution as +follows: +\begin{verbatim} +\title{<Your contribution title>} +\end{verbatim} +All words in titles should be capitalized except for conjunctions, +prepositions (e.g.\ on, of, by, and, or, but, from, with, without, +under), and definite/indefinite articles (the, a, an), unless they +appear at the beginning. Formula letters are typeset as in the text. +Long titles that run over multiple lines can be wrapped explicitly +with \verb|\\|. Titles have no end punctuation. + +Acknowledgements should generally be placed in an unnumbered +subsection at the end of the paper. If you still need to refer to a +support or funding program in a note to the title, you can use +the\DescribeMacro{\thanks} \verb|\thanks| macro inside the title: +\begin{verbatim} +\title{<Your contribution title>\thanks{<granted by x>}} +\end{verbatim} +Please do not use \verb|\thanks| inside \verb|\author| or +\verb|\institute| as footnotes for these elements are not supported +in the online version and will therefore be dropped. + +\DescribeMacro{\fnmsep} If you need two or more footnotes please +separate them with \verb|\fnmsep| (i.e. {\itshape f}oot\emph note +\emph mark \emph{sep}arator). + +\DescribeMacro{\titlerunning} If a long title does not fit in the +single line of the running head, a warning is generated. You can +specify an abbreviated title for the running head with the command +\begin{verbatim} +\titlerunning{<Your abbreviated contribution title>} +\end{verbatim} +\DescribeMacro{\subtitle} An optional subtitle may also be added: +\begin{verbatim} +\subtitle{<subtitle of your contribution>} +\end{verbatim} + +\subsection{Author(s)} +\DescribeMacro{\author} The name(s) of the author(s) are specified +by: +\begin{verbatim} +\author{<author(s) name(s)>} +\end{verbatim} +\DescribeMacro{\and} If there is more than one author, please +separate them by \verb|\and|. This makes sure that correct +punctuation is inserted according to the number of authors. + +\DescribeMacro{\inst} Numbers referring to different addresses or +affiliations should be attached to each author with the +\verb|\inst{<number>}| command. If an author is affiliated with +multiple institutions the numbers should be separated by a comma, +for example \verb|\inst{2,3}|. + +\DescribeMacro{\orcidID} ORCID identifiers can be included with +\begin{verbatim} +\orcidID{<ORCID identifier>} +\end{verbatim} +The ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) registry provides +authors with unique digital identifiers that distinguish them from +other researchers and help them link their research activities to +these identifiers. Authors who are not yet registered with ORCID are +encouraged to apply for an individual ORCID id at +\url{https://www.orcid.org} and to include it in their papers. In +the final publication, the ORCID id will be replaced by an ORCID +icon, which will link from the eBook to the +actual ID in the ORCID database. The ORCID icon will also replace +the number in the printed book. + +If you have done this correctly, the author line now reads, for +example: +\begin{verbatim} +\author{First Author\inst{1}\orcidID{0000-1111-2222-3333} \and +Second Author\inst{2,3}\orcidID{1111-2222-3333-4444}} +\end{verbatim} +The given name(s) should always be followed by the family name(s). +Authors who have more than one family name should indicate which +part of their name represents the family name(s), for example by +non-breaking spaces \verb|Jos\'{e} Martinez~Perez| or curly braces +\verb|Jos\'{e} {Martinez Perez}|. + +\DescribeMacro{\authorrunning} As given name(s) are to be shortened +to initials in the running heads, specifying an abbreviated author +list with the optional command: +\begin{verbatim} +\authorrunning{<abbreviated author list>} +\end{verbatim} +might add some clarity about the correct representation of author +names, in the running-heads as well as in the author index. + +\subsection{Affiliations} +\DescribeMacro{\institute} Addresses of institutes, companies, etc. +should be given in \verb|\institute|. + +\DescribeMacro{\and} Multiple affiliations are separated by +\verb|\and|, which automatically assures correct numbering: +\begin{verbatim} +\institute{<name of an institute> +\and <name of the next institute> +\and <name of the next institute>} +\end{verbatim} +\DescribeMacro{\email}Inside \verb|\institute| you can use +\begin{verbatim} +\email{<email address>} +\end{verbatim} +\DescribeMacro{\url}and +\begin{verbatim} +\url{<url>} +\end{verbatim} +to provide author email addresses and Web pages. If you need to +typeset the tilde character -- e.g. for your Web page in your unix +system's home directory -- the \verb|\homedir| command will do this. +If multiple authors have the same affiliation, please check that the +order of email addresses matches the sequence of (affiliated) author +names. + +Please note that, if email addresses are given in your paper, they +will also be included in the metadata of the online version. + +\subsection{Format the Header} +\DescribeMacro{\maketitle} The command \verb|\maketitle| formats the +header of your paper. If you leave it out the work done so far will +produce \emph{no} text. + +\subsection{Abstract and Keywords} +\DescribeEnv{abstract}The abstract is coded as follows: +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{abstract} +<Text of the summary of your paper> +\end{abstract} +\end{verbatim} +\DescribeMacro{\keywords} Keywords should be specified inside the +\verb|abstract| environment. \DescribeMacro{\and}Please capitalize +the first letter of each keyword and again separate them with +\verb|\and|: +\begin{verbatim} +\keywords{First keyword \and Second keyword \and Third keyword} +\end{verbatim} +The keyword separator will then be properly rendered as a middle +dot. + +\section{How to Code the Body of Your Paper} +% +\subsection{General Rules} +From a technical point of view, the \texttt{llncs} document class does not +require any specific {\LaTeX} coding in the body of your paper. You +can simply use the commands provided by the `article' document +class. For more information about what will be done with your +manuscript before publication, please refer to the {\em Springer +Guidelines for Authors of Proceedings}. + +\subsection{Special Math Characters} +The \texttt{llncs} document class supports some additional special +characters:\smallskip +\begin{center} +\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{1em}yields\hspace{1em}} +c@{\hspace{3em}}l@{\hspace{1em}yields\hspace{1em}}c} +\verb|\grole| & $\grole$ & \verb|\getsto| & $\getsto$\\ +\verb|\lid| & $\lid$ & \verb|\gid| & $\gid$ +\end{tabular}\smallskip +\end{center} +If you need blackboard bold characters, i.e. for sets of numbers, +please load the related \AmSTeX fonts. If for some reason this is +not possible you can also use the following commands from the \texttt{llncs} +class:\smallskip +\begin{center} +\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{1em}yields\hspace{1em}} +c@{\hspace{3em}}l@{\hspace{1em}yields\hspace{1em}}c} +\verb|\bbbc| & $\bbbc$ & \verb|\bbbf| & $\bbbf$\\ +\verb|\bbbh| & $\bbbh$ & \verb|\bbbk| & $\bbbk$\\ +\verb|\bbbm| & $\bbbm$ & \verb|\bbbn| & $\bbbn$\\ +\verb|\bbbp| & $\bbbp$ & \verb|\bbbq| & $\bbbq$\\ +\verb|\bbbr| & $\bbbr$ & \verb|\bbbs| & $\bbbs$\\ +\verb|\bbbt| & $\bbbt$ & \verb|\bbbz| & $\bbbz$\\ +\verb|\bbbone| & $\bbbone$ +\end{tabular}\smallskip +\end{center} +Please note that all these characters are only available in math +mode. + +\section{Theorems, Definitions, and Proofs}\label{builtintheo} +\subsection{Predefined Theorem-Like Environments} +\DescribeEnv{corollary}\DescribeEnv{definition}\DescribeEnv{lemma}\DescribeEnv{proposition}\DescribeEnv{theorem}% +Several theorem-like environments are predefined in the \texttt{llncs} +document class. The following environments have a bold run-in +heading, while the following text is in italics: +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{corollary} <text> \end{corollary} +\begin{definition} <text> \end{definition} +\begin{lemma} <text> \end{lemma} +\begin{proposition} <text> \end{proposition} +\begin{theorem} <text> \end{theorem} +\end{verbatim} +\DescribeEnv{case}\DescribeEnv{conjecture}\DescribeEnv{example}\DescribeEnv{exercise}\DescribeEnv{note}% +\DescribeEnv{problem}\DescribeEnv{property}\DescribeEnv{question}\DescribeEnv{remark}\DescribeEnv{solution}% +Other theorem-like environments render the text in roman, while the +run-in heading is bold as well: +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{case} <text> \end{case} +\begin{conjecture} <text> \end{conjecture} +\begin{example} <text> \end{example} +\begin{exercise} <text> \end{exercise} +\begin{note} <text> \end{note} +\begin{problem} <text> \end{problem} +\begin{property} <text> \end{property} +\begin{question} <text> \end{question} +\begin{remark} <text> \end{remark} +\begin{solution} <text> \end{solution} +\end{verbatim} +\DescribeEnv{claim}\DescribeEnv{proof} Finally, there are also two +unnumbered environments that have the run-in heading in italics and +the text in upright roman. +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{claim} <text> \end{claim} +\begin{proof} <text> \end{proof} +\end{verbatim} +\DescribeMacro{\qed}Proofs may contain an eye catching square, which +can be inserted with \verb|\qed|) before the environment ends. + +\subsection{User-Defined Theorem-Like Environments} +\DescribeMacro{\spnewtheorem}We have enhanced the standard +\verb|\newtheorem| command and slightly changed its syntax to get +two new commands \verb|\spnewtheorem| and \verb|\spnewtheorem*| that +now can be used to define additional environments. They require two +additional arguments, namely the font style of the label and the +font style of the text of the new environment: +\begin{verbatim} +\spnewtheorem{<env_nam>}[<num_like>]{<caption>}{<cap_font>}{<body_font>} +\end{verbatim} +For example, +\begin{verbatim} +\spnewtheorem{maintheorem}[theorem]{Main Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape} +\end{verbatim} +will create a {\em main theorem\/} environment that is numbered +together with the predefined {\em theorem\/}. The sharing of the +default counter (\verb|[theorem]|) is desired. If you omit the +optional second argument of \verb|\spnewtheorem|, a separate counter +for your new environment is used throughout your document. + +In combination with the (obsolete) class option \verb|envcountsect| +(see. Sect.~\ref{SecClassOptions}), the \verb|\spnewtheorem| command +also supports the syntax: +\begin{verbatim} +\spnewtheorem{<env_nam>}{<caption>}[<within>]{<cap_font>}{<body_font>} +\end{verbatim} +With the parameter \verb|<within>|, you can control the sectioning +element that resets the theorem counters. If you specify, for +example, \verb|subsection|, the newly defined environment is +numbered subsectionwise. + +\DescribeMacro{\spnewtheorem*}If you wish to add an unnumbered +environment, please use the syntax +\begin{verbatim} +\spnewtheorem*{<env_nam>}{<caption>}{<cap_font>}{<body_font>} +\end{verbatim} + + + +% +\section{References} +\label{refer} +% +There are three options for citing references: +\begin{itemize} +\item arabic numbers, i.e. [1], [3--5], [4--6,9], +\item labels, i.e. [CE1], [AB1,XY2], +\item author/year system, (Smith et al. 2000), (Miller 1999a, 12; Brown +2018). +\end{itemize} +We prefer citations with arabic numbers, i.e. the usage of +\verb|\bibitem| without an optional parameter. +\DescribeMacro{citeauthoryear}If you want to use the author/year +system, you can use the class option \verb|citeauthoryear|, i.e. +\begin{verbatim} +\documentclass[citeauthoryear]{llncs} +\end{verbatim} +Please note that this option does not automatically change your +citations to the author/year style. It basically redefines the +\verb|\bibitem| command to take the publication year as an optional +parameter that is displayed instead of an arabic number. Author +name(s) and, if necessary, parentheses are to be typed manually. If +your reference reads +\begin{verbatim} +\bibitem[2016]{vdaalst:2016} +van der Aalst, W.: Process Mining, 2nd ed. Springer, Heidelberg (2016) +\end{verbatim} +and is cited as follows: +\begin{verbatim} +... is shown by van der Aalst (\cite{vdaalst:2016}) +\end{verbatim} +the resulting text will be:\begin{quote} ``\dots is shown by van der +Aalst (2016).'' +\end{quote} + +\DescribeMacro{splncs04.bst}We encourage you to use {\sc Bib}\TeX{} +for typesetting your references. For formatting the bibliography +according to Springer's standard (for mathematics, physical +sciences, and computer science), please use the bibliography style +file \verb|splncs04.bst| that comes with the \texttt{llncs} document class. +You simply need to add \verb|\bibliographystyle{splncs04}| to your +document. DOIs should be provided in the doi field of your .bib +database. {\sc Bib}\TeX{} will then automatically add them to your +references. Please note that we do not provide an option to +implement + +\DescribeMacro{\doi}If you do not use {\sc Bib}\TeX{}, you can +include a DOI with the \verb|\doi| command: +\begin{verbatim} +\doi{<DOI>} +\end{verbatim} +The DOI will be expanded to the URL \verb|https://doi.org/<DOI>| in +accordance with the CrossRef guidelines. + +\section{Obsolete Class Options}\label{SecClassOptions} +The \texttt{llncs} document class contains several class options that have +become obsolete over the years. We only mention them for +completeness: +\begin{itemize} +\item \DescribeMacro{orivec}The \texttt{llncs} document class changes the formatting of +vectors coded with \verb|\vec| to boldface italics. If you +absolutely need the original {\LaTeX} design for vectors, i.e. an +arrow above the related variable, you can restore it with the +\verb|orivec| option. +\item \DescribeMacro{envcountsame}All theorem-like environments +share one counter, i.e. Theorem 1, Lemma 2, Corollary 3, etc. +\item \DescribeMacro{envcountreset}All theorem-like environments +are numbered per section, i.e. the related counters are reset to 1 +in every section. +\item \DescribeMacro{envcountsect}All theorem-like environments +are numbered per section, and the section number added to the +individual counter, i.e. Theorem 1.2, Lemma 2.2, etc. +\item \DescribeMacro{openbib}This option produces the ``open'' bibliography style, in which each block starts +on a new line, and succeeding lines in a block are indented by +\verb|\bibindent|. +\item \DescribeMacro{oribibl}This option restores the original +{\LaTeX} definitions for the bibliography and the \verb|\cite| +mechanism that some {\sc Bib}\TeX{} applications rely on. +\end{itemize} +% +% +\end{document} |