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-rw-r--r--macros/latex/contrib/babel-contrib/latin/latin.dtx828
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+% \CheckSum{510}
+% \iffalse
+% Tell the \LaTeX\ system who we are and write an entry on the
+% transcript.
+%<*driver>
+\ProvidesFile{latin.dtx}
+%</driver>
+%<code>\ProvidesLanguage{latin}
+%<*code>
+ [2015/08/20 v.3.5 Latin support from the babel system]
+%</code>
+%% File `babel-latin.dtx'
+%% Babel package for LaTeX2e
+%% Copyright (C) 1989 - 2008 by Johannes Braams, TeXniek
+%% Copyright (C) 2009 - 2015 by Claudio Beccari
+%
+%% Please report errors to: Claudio Beccari
+%% claudio.beccari at gmail.com
+%
+% This file is part of the babel system, it provides the source
+% code for the Latin language description file.
+% The original version of this file was written by
+% Claudio Beccari, (claudio.beccari at gmail.com) and includes contributions
+% by Krzysztof Konrad \.Zelechowski, (\texttt{kkz@alfa.mimuw.edu.pl}). It was
+% modified and made compatible with the babel system by J.L. Braams
+%<*driver>
+\documentclass{ltxdoc}
+\newcommand*\TeXhax{\TeX hax}
+\newcommand*\babel{\textsf{babel}}
+\newcommand*\langvar{$\langle \it lang \rangle$}
+\newcommand*\note[1]{}
+\newcommand*\Lopt[1]{\textsf{#1}}
+\newcommand*\file[1]{\texttt{#1}}
+\providecommand*\pkg[1]{\textsf{#1}}
+\begin{document}
+\DocInput{latin.dtx}
+\end{document}
+%</driver>
+%\fi
+% \GetFileInfo{latin.dtx}
+%
+% \changes{latin-0.99}{1999/12/06}{First version, from italian.dtx (CB)}
+% \changes{latin-0.99}{1999/12/06}{Added shorthands for breve, macron,
+% and etymological hyphenation (CB)}
+% \changes{latin-1.2}{2000/01/31}{Added suggestions from Krzysztof
+% Konrad \.Zelechowski (CB)}
+% \changes{latin-2.0}{2000/02/10}{Completely new etymological
+% hyphenation (CB)}
+% \changes{latin-2.0a}{2000/10/15}{Revised by JB}
+% \changes{latin-2.0b}{2000/12/13}{Simplified shorthands for
+% etymological hyphenation; modified breve and macro shorthands;
+% language attribute medieval declared}
+% \changes{latin-2.0c}{2001/06/04}{Restored caret and equals sign
+% category codes before exiting}
+% \changes{latin-2.0d}{2001/06/04}{Restored caret and equals sign
+% category codes before exiting}
+% \changes{latin-2.0e}{2003/04/11}{Introduced the language attribute
+% `withprosodicmarks'; modified use of breve and macron shorthands
+% in order to avoid possible conflicts with other packages}
+% \changes{latin-2.0i}{2008/02/17}{Corrected the \cs{@clubpenalty} problem}
+% \changes{latin-2.0j}{2010/01/03}{Corrected sectioning}
+% \changes{latin-2.0k}{2014/02/18}{subsections turned into subsections*}
+%^^A --------------------------------
+% \changes{latin-3.0}{2014/06/01}{Added modifier for classical spelling
+% and hyphenation}
+% \changes{latin-3.0}{2014/06/01}{Restored the subsection numbering}
+% \changes{latin-3.5}{2015/08/17}{Added the modifier for the ecclesiastic
+% Latin variety}
+%
+% \section{The Latin language}
+%
+% The file \file{\filename}\footnote{The file described in this
+% section has version number \fileversion\ and was last revised on
+% \filedate. The original author is Claudio Beccari.} defines all the
+% language-specific macros for the Latin language including the classical
+% spelling and hyphenation and the special ecclesiastic spelling.
+%
+% Without modifiers or attributes, this file describes the modern usage
+% of Latin; with this we mean the kind of Latin that is used as an official
+% language in the State of Vatican City, and in the teaching of Latin in
+% modern schools. This file description language accepts several modifiers,
+% in order to be adapted to other situations.
+%\begin{enumerate}\csname c@enumi\endcsname=-1
+%^^A
+%\item Modern spelling and hyphenation; this is the default setting.
+%^^A
+%\item Medieval spelling and hyphenation: in this spelling the lower and
+% upper case alphabets become the following:\\
+%\makebox[\linewidth]{\tabcolsep=2pt
+%\begin{tabular}{*{26}c}
+% a&\ae&b&c&d&e&f&g&h&i&k&l&m&n&o&\oe&p&q&r&s&t&u&x&y&z \\
+% A&\AE&B&C&D&E&F&G&H&I&K&L&M&N&O&\OE&P&Q&R&S&T&V&X&Y&Z
+%\end{tabular}}
+% It must be noted that this file description language does not make
+% any spelling correction in order to use only `u' in lower case and only
+% `V' in upper case: if the input text is wrongly typed in, it remains as
+% such; this means it's the typesetter's responsibility to correctly input
+% the source text to be typeset; in spite of this, when the transformation
+% from lower to upper case is performed (such as, for example, while
+% typesetting headers with some classes) the correct capitalisation is
+% performed and `u' is capitalised to `V'; the reverse takes place when
+% transforming to lowercase.
+%^^A
+%\item Classical Latin and classical hyphenation; the spelling is similar
+% to the medieval one, except for the ligatures \ae, \AE, \oe\ and \OE\
+% that are missing; again it is the typesetter's responsibility to input the
+% text to be typeset in a correct way; while the hyphenation patterns for
+% modern and medieval Latin form a non contrasting set of patterns, this
+% is impossible with classical Latin and a different pattern set has been
+% prepared as explained below.
+%^^A
+%\item Modern spelling with prosodic marks: this is to be used mainly
+% in modern grammars and dictionaries. Its settings can be turned on and
+% off according to the user needs.
+%^^A
+% \item Ecclesiastic Latin is a spelling variety of modern Latin; it is
+% taken care by the external module |ecclesiastic.sty|, that is being loaded
+% by this language description file at the right moment, that is when \babel\
+% has been completely read together with all the options and modifiers.
+% This special spelling of modern Latin is used in theological
+% and devotional books of the Roman Catholic clergy where ligatures \ae\
+% and \oe\ are widely used and where acute accents are used in order to
+% mark the tonic vowel of many words so as to allows clergy with different
+% backgrounds and mother languages to recite their community prayers with
+% the same rhythmic scheme.
+% This ecclesiastic Latin spelling contains also other differences, including
+% a certain degree of ``frenchisation'' of spaces around some punctuation
+% marks and guillemots, and the typesetting style of footnotes.
+% When this spelling is chosen, its features are
+% irrevocable, especially those that concern spacing. And this is the main
+% reason why we decided not to include the ecclesiastic style modifications
+% into the language description file, thus avoiding to mess up any setting
+% for the other Latin typesetting styles.
+%^^A
+%\end{enumerate}
+%
+% Package \babel\ is not directly concerned with hyphenation; nevertheless
+% in this case it is necessary to switch the hyphenation rules to those
+% of another language, |classiclatin|, that must be available
+% while creating the format files so that this language description
+% file can chose between the modern and medieval hyphenation rules or
+% the classical ones.
+%
+% In summary modern and medieval Latin hyphenation rules are similar
+% to those of current Italian, except that the patterns must include
+% also some consonant groups that do not exist in Italian; furthermore
+% with medieval spelling there are many more vocalic groups than in
+% Italian, because of the widespread use of the letter `u' that often
+% actually plays the r\^ole of a consonant.
+%
+% The rules for classical Latin are taken from Raffaello Farina and Nino
+% Marinone's guide \emph{Metodologia} published by Societ\`a Editrice
+% Internazionale, Torino, 1979.
+% In spite of the publication date of this guide the
+% hyphenation rules did not change in the meanwhile, since the Classical
+% Latin Language is sort of frozen during the past, say, twenty
+% centuries. Yes, it is true that the original writings in Classical
+% Latin were not hyphenated, and the hyphenation rules were established
+% at the beginning of the Renaissance, when mechanical typography
+% required suitable justification. Therefore such rules are sort of a
+% compromise between the procedures used by the various proto-typographers
+% and the scholars' of these disciplines. Nevertheless the rules given
+% by Farina and Marinone are generally shared among modern
+% scholars and are sort of official at both universities of Torino
+% and Vercelli; in the latter University they are adopted by the working
+% group that founded the DigilibLT laboratory; I acknowledge their
+% contribution in letting me become aware of the problem, and therefore
+% to create this update by adding the classical Latin support for the
+% \pkg{babel} package, with its special hyphenation rules.
+%
+% In order to implement the above described styles of typesetting,
+% four modifiers/attributes have to be defined: |medieval|, |withprosodicmarks|,
+% |classic|, and |ecclesiastic|. They can be used in any order so that
+% several combinations are possible, although, generally speaking, just
+% the isolated four described ones have a real meaning.
+%
+% Among these modifiers only |withprosodicmarks| can be turned on and off;
+% the others are sort of global; for example, once |classic| is specified,
+% there is no easy way to revert to modern spelling and hypehenation; the
+% same holds true for the other modifiers, except |withprosodicmarks|.
+%
+% The typesetting style |withprosodicmarks| is
+% defined in order to use special shorthands for inserting breves
+% and macrons while typesetting grammars, dictionaries, teaching
+% texts, and the like, where prosodic marks are important for the
+% complete information on the words or the verses. The shorthands,
+% listed in table~\ref{t:lashrtct} and described in
+% subsection~\ref{s:shrtcts}, may interfere with other packages;
+% therefore by default this style is turned off and no interference
+% is introduced. If this style is used and interference is
+% experienced, there are special commands for turning on and off
+% its specific shorthand commands.
+%
+% For what concerns \babel\ and typesetting with \LaTeX, the
+% differences between the spelling styles reveal themselves
+% in the strings used to name, for example, the ``Preface'' that
+% becomes ``Praefatio'' or ``Pr\ae fatio'' respectively.
+% Hyphenation rules are also different, but the hyphenation pattern
+% file \file{hyph-la.tex} takes care of the modern and medieval versions
+% of the language, while \file{hyph-la-x-classic.tex} takes care of the
+% classical hyphenation. The user should not attempt to modify these files,
+% because they are not dealt with by \babel\ they are used only during the
+% creation of format files. If some errors or modifications are required
+% or suggested, it is necessary to ask their maintainer.
+%
+% The name strings for chapters, figures, tables, et cetera, have been
+% suggested by prof. Raffaella Tabacco, a latinist of the
+% University of Vercelli, Italy, to whom we address our warmest
+% thanks. The names suggested by Krzysztof Konrad \.Zelechowski,
+% when different, are used as the names for the medieval variety,
+% since he made a word and spelling choice more suited for this
+% variety.
+%
+% For this language some shorthands are defined according to
+% table~\ref{t:lashrtct}; all of them are supposed to work with
+% all spelling styles, except where the opposite is explicitly
+% stated.
+% \begin{table}[htb]\centering
+% \begin{tabular}{cp{80mm}}
+% |^i| & inserts the breve accent as \u{\i}; valid also for the
+% other lowercase vowels, but it does not operate on the
+% medieval ligatures \ae\ and \oe\ because they are naturally long.\\
+% |=a| & inserts the macron accent as \=a; valid also for the
+% other lowercase vowels, but it does not operate on the
+% medieval ligatures \ae\ and \oe\ because they are naturally long.\\
+% |"| & inserts a compound word mark where hyphenation is legal;
+% the next character must not be either a non-letter token
+% or an accented letter (for foreign names). With the ecclesiastic
+% spelling it eases the insertion of the ligatures \ae\ and \oe\
+% by simply typing \texttt{\string"ae} and \texttt{\string"oe}
+% without the need of curly brackets or spaces after the character
+% macros |\ae| and |\oe|.\\
+% \texttt{\string"\string|}
+% & inserts a compound word mark, but operates also when the next token
+% is not a letter or it is an accented character.
+% \end{tabular}
+% \caption[]{Shorthands defined for the Latin language. The
+% characters \texttt{\string^} and \texttt{\string=} are
+% active only when the language attribute
+% \texttt{withprosodicmarks} has been declared,
+% otherwise they are disabled; see
+% subsection~\ref{s:shrtcts} at page~\pageref{s:shrtcts}
+% for more details.}%
+% \label{t:lashrtct}
+% \end{table}
+%
+% The user should attentively remember that this file describes an option
+% for the \pkg{babel} package; it works as expected when a document containing
+% a text in part or completely in Latin is being processed with |pdfLaTeX|
+% and 8-bit encoded fonts that contain at most 256 glyphs. \babel\ can be
+% used also with |XeLaTeX| and possibly by |LuaLaTeX|, may be with reduced
+% functionalities; expect anomalous results if you typeset your document
+% with this language option and |XeLaTeX|. If you need the functionalities
+% provided by |XeLaTeX| or |LuaLaTeX|, then use |polyglossia| in place of
+% \babel\ and set the Latin desired functionalities with suitable values to
+% the |variant| keyword to the Latin language specifications; The valid values
+% have the same names as this \babel\ module modifiers, i.e.\ |medieval|,
+% |classic|, |ecclesiastic|; with |XeLaTeX| and |LuaLaTeX| that use OpenType
+% fonts, the |withprosodicmaks| functionality is not required as the required
+% glyphs can be directly input with a UNICODE input encoding. Actually with
+% such an encoding this modifier is not necessary even with |pdfLaTeX|, but
+% it eases input when one is using a vintage computer or operating system; backwards compatibility is therefore maintained.
+% \StopEventually{}
+%
+% \section{The code}
+%
+% The macro |\LdfInit| takes care of preventing that this file is
+% loaded more than once, checking the category code of the
+% \texttt{@} sign, etc.
+%\iffalse
+%<*code>
+%\fi
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\LdfInit{latin}{captionslatin}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Never load this file as if it was a |.sty| file by means of the
+% |\usepackage| command; this practice is deprecated. We check for
+% the existence of |\l@latin| to see whether we have to do something here.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\ifx\undefined\l@latin
+ \@nopatterns{Latin}
+ \adddialect\l@latin0\fi
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+%
+% Now we declare the |medieval| language attribute.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\bbl@declare@ttribute{latin}{medieval}{%
+ \addto\captionslatin{\def\prefacename{Pr{\ae}fatio}}%
+ \expandafter\addto\expandafter\extraslatin
+ \expandafter{\extrasmedievallatin}%
+ }
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% The typesetting style |withprosodicmarks| is defined here:
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\bbl@declare@ttribute{latin}{withprosodicmarks}{%
+ \expandafter\addto\expandafter\extraslatin
+ \expandafter{\extraswithprosodicmarks}%
+ }
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% The `classic' typesetting style is described here: notice that the general
+% typesetting rules are identical with those of modern Latin, the default
+% one, but the hyphenation rules are different; therefore we just change
+% the meaning of counter |\l@latin| so that it points to the language
+% counter of classical Latin. In order to avoid a fatal error we test if
+% language |classiclatin| has its patterns already loaded, otherwise we issue
+% a warning and keep going with the default modern hyphenation
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\bbl@declare@ttribute{latin}{classic}{%
+ \expandafter\addto\expandafter\extraslatin
+ \expandafter{\extrasclassic}%
+ }
+\ifx\l@classiclatin\undefined
+ \let\l@classiclatin\l@latin
+ \PackageWarningNoLine{babel}{%
+ Attention: hyphenation patterns for language\MessageBreak
+ classiclatin have not been loaded.\MessageBreak
+ I go on using the modern Latin hyphenation patterns.\MessageBreak
+ Please, load the suitable patterns or upgrade your TeX distribution}
+\fi
+\addto\extrasclassic{\let\l@latin\l@classiclatin}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% It must be remembered that the |medieval| and the |withprosodicmarks|
+% styles might be used together. They are also compatible with
+% the |classic| attribute, but it would be unusual to typeset classical
+% Latin with some medieval features and/or with the prosodic marks that were
+% unknown twenty centuries ago.
+%
+% The next step consists in defining commands to switch to (and
+% from) the Latin language\footnote{Most of these names were
+% kindly suggested by Raffaella Tabacco.}.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\captionslatin}
+% The macro |\captionslatin| defines all strings used
+% in the four standard document classes provided with \LaTeX.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\@namedef{captionslatin}{%
+ \def\prefacename{Praefatio}%
+ \def\refname{Conspectus librorum}%
+ \def\abstractname{Summarium}%
+ \def\bibname{Conspectus librorum}%
+ \def\chaptername{Caput}%
+ \def\appendixname{Additamentum}%
+ \def\contentsname{Index}%
+ \def\listfigurename{Conspectus descriptionum}%
+ \def\listtablename{Conspectus tabularum}%
+ \def\indexname{Index rerum notabilium}%
+ \def\figurename{Descriptio}%
+ \def\tablename{Tabula}%
+ \def\partname{Pars}%
+ \def\enclname{Adduntur}% Or " Additur" ? Or simply Add.?
+ \def\ccname{Exemplar}% Use the recipient's dative
+ \def\headtoname{\ignorespaces}% Use the recipient's dative
+ \def\pagename{Charta}%
+ \def\seename{cfr.}%
+ \def\alsoname{cfr.}% Tabacco never saw "cfr" + `atque' or similar forms
+ \def\proofname{Demonstratio}%
+ \def\glossaryname{Glossarium}%
+ }
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+% In the above definitions there are some points that might change
+% in the future or that require a minimum of attention from the
+% typesetter.
+% \begin{enumerate}
+% \item the \cs{enclname} is translated by a passive verb, that
+% literally means ``(they) are being added''; if just one
+% enclosure is joined to the document, the plural passive is not
+% suited any more; nevertheless a generic plural passive might be
+% incorrect but suited for most circumstances. On the opposite
+% ``Additur'', the corresponding singular passive, might be more
+% correct with one enclosure and less suited in general: what
+% about the abbreviation ``Add.'' that works in both cases, but
+% certainly is less elegant?
+% \item The \cs{headtoname} is empty and gobbles the possible
+% following space; in practice the typesetter should use the
+% dative of the recipient's name; since nowadays not all such
+% names can be translated into Latin, they might result
+% indeclinable. The clever use of a dative appellative by the
+% typesetter such as ``Domino'' or ``Dominae'' might solve the
+% problem, but the header might get too impressive. The typesetter
+% must make a decision on his own.
+% \item The same holds true for the copy recipient's name in the
+% ``Cc'' field of \cs{ccname}.
+% \end{enumerate}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\datelatin}
+% The macro |\datelatin| redefines the command |\today| to produce
+% Latin dates; the choice of small caps Latin numerals for the day number is
+% arbitrary and may be changed in the future. For medieval and classic Latin
+% the spelling of `Novembris' should be \textit{Nouembris}. This is
+% taken care of by using a control sequence which can be redefined
+% when the attribute `medieval' and/or `classic' is selected.
+% \changes{latin-2.0f}{2005/03/30}{Added a comment character to
+% prevent unwanted space}
+% \changes{latin-2.0k}{2011/02/06}{Inserted the various `November' Latin
+% spellings to the proper `extras' macros}
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\addto\extraslatin{\def\november{Novembris}}
+\addto\extrasmedievallatin{\def\november{Nouembris}}
+\addto\extrasclassiclatin{\def\november{Nouembris}}
+%
+\def\datelatin{%
+ \def\today{%
+ {\check@mathfonts\fontsize\sf@size\z@\math@fontsfalse\selectfont
+ \uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral\day}}~\ifcase\month\or
+ Ianuarii\or Februarii\or Martii\or Aprilis\or Maii\or Iunii\or
+ Iulii\or Augusti\or Septembris\or Octobris\or \november\or
+ Decembris\fi
+ \space{\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral\year}}}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\latinhyphenmins}
+% The Latin hyphenation patterns can be used with both
+% |\lefthyphenmin| and |\righthyphenmin| set to~2.
+% \changes{latin-2.0a}{2000/10/15}{Now use \cs{providehyphenmins} to
+% provide a default value}
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\providehyphenmins{\CurrentOption}{\tw@\tw@}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\extraslatin}
+% \begin{macro}{\noextraslatin}
+% For Latin the |\clubpenalty|, |\widowpenalty| are set to
+% rather high values and |\finalhyphendemerits| is set to such a
+% high value that hyphenation is almost prohibited between the last two
+% lines of a paragraph.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\addto\extraslatin{%
+ \babel@savevariable\clubpenalty
+ \babel@savevariable\@clubpenalty
+ \babel@savevariable\widowpenalty
+ \clubpenalty3000\@clubpenalty3000\widowpenalty3000}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Hopefully never ever break a word between the last two lines of
+% a paragraph in Latin texts.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\addto\extraslatin{%
+ \babel@savevariable\finalhyphendemerits
+ \finalhyphendemerits50000000}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% With medieval and classic Latin we need the suitable correspondence between
+% upper case V and lower case u, since in that spelling there is
+% only one sign, and the u shape is the (uncial) version of the
+% capital V. Everything else is identical with Latin.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\addto\extrasmedievallatin{%
+\babel@savevariable{\lccode`\V}%
+\babel@savevariable{\uccode`\u}%
+\lccode`\V=`\u \uccode`\u=`\V}
+\addto\extrasclassiclatin{%
+\babel@savevariable{\lccode`\V}%
+\babel@savevariable{\uccode`\u}%
+\lccode`\V=`\u \uccode`\u=`\V}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\SetLatinLigatures}
+% We need also the lccodes for \ae\ and \oe; since they occupy
+% different positions in the OT1 \TeX-fontencoding compared to the
+% T1 one, we must save the lc- and the uccodes for both encodings,
+% but we specify the new lc- and uccodes separately as it appears
+% natural not to change encoding while typesetting the same
+% language. The encoding is assumed to be set before starting to
+% use the Latin language, so that if Latin is the default language,
+% the font encoding must be chosen before requiring the \babel\
+% package with the |latin| option, in any case before any
+% |\selectlanguage| or |\foreignlanguage| command.
+%
+% All this fuss is made in order to allow the use of the medieval
+% ligatures \ae\ and \oe\ while typesetting with the medieval
+% spelling; I have my doubts that the medieval spelling should be
+% used at all in modern books, reports, and the like; the uncial
+% `u' shape of the lower case `v' and the above ligatures were
+% fancy styles of the copyists who were able to write faster with
+% those rounded glyphs; with typesetting there is no question of
+% handling a quill penn\dots\ Moreover in medieval times it was very
+% frequent to close such ligatures to the corresponding sound,
+% therefore instead of writing \ae\ or \oe\ they would often simply
+% write `e'. Since my (CB) opinion may be wrong, I managed to set
+% up the instruments and it is up to the typesetter to use them or not.
+%
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\addto\extrasmedievallatin{%
+ \babel@savevariable{\lccode`\^^e6}% T1 \ae
+ \babel@savevariable{\uccode`\^^e6}% T1 \ae
+ \babel@savevariable{\lccode`\^^c6}% T1 \AE
+ \babel@savevariable{\lccode`\^^f7}% T1 \oe
+ \babel@savevariable{\uccode`\^^f7}% T1 \OE
+ \babel@savevariable{\lccode`\^^d7}% T1 \OE
+ \babel@savevariable{\lccode`\^^1a}% OT1 \ae
+ \babel@savevariable{\uccode`\^^1a}% OT1 \ae
+ \babel@savevariable{\lccode`\^^1d}% OT1 \AE
+ \babel@savevariable{\lccode`\^^1b}% OT1 \oe
+ \babel@savevariable{\uccode`\^^1b}% OT1 \OE
+ \babel@savevariable{\lccode`\^^1e}% OT1 \OE
+ \SetLatinLigatures}
+
+\providecommand\SetLatinLigatures{%
+ \def\@tempA{T1}\ifx\@tempA\f@encoding
+ \catcode`\^^e6=11 \lccode`\^^e6=`\^^e6 \uccode`\^^e6=`\^^c6 % \ae
+ \catcode`\^^c6=11 \lccode`\^^c6=`\^^e6 % \AE
+ \catcode`\^^f7=11 \lccode`\^^f7=`\^^f7 \uccode`\^^f7=`\^^d7 % \oe
+ \catcode`\^^d7=11 \lccode`\^^d7=`\^^f7 % \OE
+ \else
+ \catcode`\^^1a=11 \lccode`\^^1a=`\^^1a \uccode`\^^1a=`\^^1d % \ae
+ \catcode`\^^1d=11 \lccode`\^^1d=`\^^1a % \AE
+ \catcode`\^^1b=11 \lccode`\^^1b=`\^^1b \uccode`\^^1b=`\^^1e % \oe
+ \catcode`\^^1e=11 \lccode`\^^1e=`\^^1b % \OE
+ \fi
+ \let\@tempA\@undefined
+ }
+% \end{macrocode}
+% With the above definitions we are sure that |\MakeUppercase|
+% works properly and |\MakeUppercase{C{\ae}sar}| correctly yields
+% ``C{\AE}SAR''; correspondingly |\MakeUppercase{Heluetia}|
+% correctly yields ``HELVETIA''.
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \changes{latin-2.0j}{20104/02/18}{Renamed this section to subsection}
+% \subsection{Latin shorthands}\label{s:shrtcts}
+% For writing dictionaries or school texts (in modern spelling
+% only) we defined a language attribute or
+% typesetting style, such that a couple of other active characters are
+% defined: |^| for marking a vowel with the breve sign, and |=| for
+% marking a vowel with the macron sign. Please take notice that
+% neither the OT1 font encoding, nor the T1 one for most vowels,
+% contain directly the marked vowels, therefore hyphenation of
+% words containing these ``accents'' may become problematic; for
+% this reason the above active characters not only introduce the
+% required accent, but also an unbreakable zero skip that in
+% practice does not introduce a discretionary break, but allows
+% breaks in the rest of the word.
+%
+% It must be remarked that the active characters |^| and |=| may
+% have other meanings in other contexts. For example, besides math,
+% the equals sign is used by the graphic extensions for specifying
+% keyword options for handling the graphic elements to be included
+% in the document. At the same time, as mentioned in the previous
+% paragraph, diacritical marking in Latin is used only for
+% typesetting certain kinds of document, such as grammars and
+% dictionaries. It is reasonable that the breve and macron active
+% characters are turned on and off at will; by default
+% they are off if the attribute |withprosodicmarks|
+% has not been set.
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ProsodicMarksOn}
+% \begin{macro}{\ProsodicMarksOff}
+% We begin by adding to the normal typesetting style the
+% definitions of the new commands |\ProsodicMarksOn| and
+% |\ProsodicMarksOff| that should produce error messages when
+% this style is not declared:
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\addto\extraslatin{\def\ProsodicMarksOn{%
+\GenericError{(latin)\@spaces\@spaces\@spaces\@spaces}%
+ {Latin language error: \string\ProsodicMarksOn\space
+ is defined by setting the\MessageBreak
+ language attribute to `withprosodicmarks'\MessageBreak
+ If you continue you are likely to encounter\MessageBreak
+ fatal errors that I can't recover}%
+ {See the Latin language description in the babel
+ documentation for explanation}{\@ehd}}}
+\addto\extraslatin{\let\ProsodicMarksOff\relax}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Next we temporarily set the caret and the equals sign to active
+% characters so that they can receive their definitions:
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\catcode`\= \active
+\catcode`\^ \active
+% \end{macrocode}
+% and we add the necessary declarations to the macros that are
+% being activated when the Latin language and its typesetting
+% styles are declared:
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\addto\extraslatin{\languageshorthands{latin}}%
+\addto\extraswithprosodicmarks{\bbl@activate{^}}%
+\addto\extraswithprosodicmarks{\bbl@activate{=}}%
+\addto\noextraswithprosodicmarks{\bbl@deactivate{^}}%
+\addto\noextraswithprosodicmarks{\bbl@deactivate{=}}%
+\addto\extraswithprosodicmarks{\ProsodicMarks}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\ProsodicMarks}
+% Next we define the macros for the active characters
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\def\ProsodicMarks{%
+\def\ProsodicMarksOn{\catcode`\^ 13\catcode`\= 13\relax}%
+\def\ProsodicMarksOff{\catcode`\^ 7\catcode`\= 12\relax}%
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Notice that with the above redefinitions of the commands
+% |\ProsodicMarksOn| and |\ProsodicMarksOff|, the operation of the
+% newly defined shorthands may be switched on and off at will, so
+% that even if a picture has to be inserted in the document by
+% means of the commands and keyword options of the \pkg{graphicx}
+% package, it suffices to switch them off before invoking the
+% picture including command, and switched on again afterwards; or,
+% even better, since the picture very likely is being inserted
+% within a |figure| environment, it suffices to switch them off
+% within the environment, being conscious that their deactivation
+% remains local to the environment.
+% \changes{latin-2.0g}{2005/11/17}{changed \cs{allowhyphens} to
+% \cs{bbl@allowhyphens}}
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\initiate@active@char{^}%
+\initiate@active@char{=}%
+\declare@shorthand{latin}{^a}{%
+ \textormath{\u{a}\bbl@allowhyphens}{\hat{a}}}%
+\declare@shorthand{latin}{^e}{%
+ \textormath{\u{e}\bbl@allowhyphens}{\hat{e}}}%
+\declare@shorthand{latin}{^i}{%
+ \textormath{\u{\i}\bbl@allowhyphens}{\hat{\imath}}}%
+\declare@shorthand{latin}{^o}{%
+ \textormath{\u{o}\bbl@allowhyphens}{\hat{o}}}%
+\declare@shorthand{latin}{^u}{%
+ \textormath{\u{u}\bbl@allowhyphens}{\hat{u}}}%
+%
+\declare@shorthand{latin}{=a}{%
+ \textormath{\={a}\bbl@allowhyphens}{\bar{a}}}%
+\declare@shorthand{latin}{=e}{%
+ \textormath{\={e}\bbl@allowhyphens}{\bar{e}}}%
+\declare@shorthand{latin}{=i}{%
+ \textormath{\={\i}\bbl@allowhyphens}{\bar{\imath}}}%
+\declare@shorthand{latin}{=o}{%
+ \textormath{\={o}\bbl@allowhyphens}{\bar{o}}}%
+\declare@shorthand{latin}{=u}{%
+ \textormath{\={u}\bbl@allowhyphens}{\bar{u}}}%
+% \end{macrocode}
+% Notice that the short hand definitions are given only for lower
+% case letters; it would not be difficult to extend the set of
+% definitions to upper case letters, but it appears of very little
+% use in view of the kinds of document where prosodic marks are
+% supposed to be used. Nevertheless in those rare cases when it's
+% required to set some uppercase letters with their prosodic
+% marks, it is always possible to use the standard \LaTeX\ commands
+% such as |\u{I}| for typesetting \u{I}, or |\={A}| (or |\=A|) for
+% typesetting~\=A.
+%
+% Finally we restore the caret and equals sign initial default
+% category codes
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\catcode`\= 12\relax
+\catcode`\^ 7\relax
+% \end{macrocode}
+% so as to avoid conflicts with other packages or other \babel\
+% options.
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% \begin{macro}{\LatinMarksOn}
+% \begin{macro}{\LatinMarksOff}
+% \changes{latin-2.0g}{2005/11/17}{Added two commands}
+% \changes{latin-2.0h}{2007/10/19}{Added missing backslash}
+% The following commands remain defined for backwards compatibility,
+% but they are obsolete and should not be used.
+% \changes{latin-2.0h}{2007/10/20}{Removed the setting of
+% \cs{LatinMarksOff} from \cs{extraslatin}}
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\addto\extraslatin{\def\LatinMarksOn{\shorthandon{^}\shorthandon{=}}}
+\addto\extraslatin{\def\LatinMarksOff{\shorthandoff{^}\shorthandoff{=}}}
+% \end{macrocode}
+% \end{macro}
+% \end{macro}
+%
+% It must be understood that by using the above prosodic marks,
+% line breaking is somewhat impeached; since such prosodic marks
+% are used almost exclusively in dictionaries, grammars, and poems
+% (only in school textbooks), this shouldn't be of any importance
+% for what concerns the quality of typesetting.
+%
+%\changes{latin-3.5}{2015/08/20}{New subsection}
+% \subsection{Ecclesiastic Latin style}
+% We declare the |ecclesiastic| attribute; its purpose is to load the
+% \pkg{ecclesiastic.sty} package, deferring this action to the moment when
+% \babel\ finishes executing; actually it sends \babel\ the information to act;
+% then \babel\ defers the package loading to the |\begin{document}| execution.
+% This implies the availability of the |\AtEndOfPackage| and |\AtBeginDocument|
+% macros which are contained in the \LaTeX\ kernel. Since
+% this file is read by \babel\ the current package at the end of which
+% the code is deferred is \babel\ itself, not simply this language description
+% file.
+%
+% Differently from other attribute settings we do not declare anything
+% in a possible |\extrasecclesiasticlatin| macro, because once the package
+% has been read, it is impossible to pretend to delete all what the package
+% defined. Actually this |ecclesiastic| attribute simply mimics the actual
+% loading of a package by means of a |\usepackage| or |\RequirePackage| command;
+% if loading was done with one of these commands, it would be impossible to
+% unload the loaded package.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\bbl@declare@ttribute{latin}{ecclesiastic}{%
+\AtEndOfPackage{%
+ \AtBeginDocument{\RequirePackage{ecclesiastic}[2015/08/20]}%
+ }%
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \changes{latin-2.0j}{2014/02/18}{Renamed this section to subsection}
+% \subsection{Etymological hyphenation}
+% In order to deal in a clean way with prefixes and compound words
+% to be divided etymologically, the active character |"| is given
+% a special definition so as to behave as a discretionary break
+% with hyphenation allowed after it. You may consider this sign as a
+% substitute for a ``compound word mark''.
+%
+% This is particularly useful with classical Latin because this
+% language requires etymological hyphenation; patterns were created
+% with etymological hyphenation in mind, but even if for certain
+% prefixes or suffixes it works pretty well, it does not for certain
+% other ones. For example the word `redire' should be hyphenated as
+% `red-i-re'; but there are plenty of other words starting with the
+% string `red' that does not play the role of a prefix; therefore
+% it should be necessary to extract all the Latin words where `red'
+% is a prefix, and enter the suitable patterns to hyphenate correctly
+% only those words; in the simple case of the verb `redire' it would
+% be necessary to enter all the words that belong to the conjugation
+% of this verb and the declination of the present, future and past
+% participles and gerundive in masculine, feminine and neutral forms;
+% the same problem takes place with prefix `trans' where sometimes it is
+% a real prefix, such as in `transire' (hyphenation trans-i-re), and
+% sometimes is modified with the absorption of an initial `s' of the
+% suffix, such as in `transubstantialis' (classical hyphenation:
+% tran-subs-tan-tia-lis).
+
+% Obviously this task would render the pattern file enormous, and mostly
+% useless. The active character |"| solves the problem for isolated instances,
+% while the hyphenations exception lists of the only forms actually used
+% in a specific document, would do the rest.
+%
+% Most of the code for dealing with the active |"| is already
+% contained in the core of \babel, but we are going to use it as a
+% single character shorthand for Latin.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\initiate@active@char{"}%
+\addto\extraslatin{\bbl@activate{"}%
+}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% A temporary macro is defined so as to take different actions in math
+% mode and text mode: specifically in the former case the macro inserts a
+% double quote as it should in math mode, otherwise another delayed macro
+% comes into action.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\declare@shorthand{latin}{"}{%
+ \textormath{\def\lt@@next{\futurelet\lt@temp\lt@cwm}}%
+ {\def\lt@@next{''}}%
+ \lt@@next
+}%
+% \end{macrocode}
+% In text mode the \cs{lt@@next} control sequence is such that upon
+% its execution a temporary variable \cs{lt@temp} is made
+% equivalent to the next token in the input list without actually
+% removing it. Such temporary token is then tested by the macro
+% \cs{lt@cwm} and if it is found to be a letter token, then it
+% introduces a compound word separator control sequence
+% \cs{lt@allowhyphens} whose expansion introduces a discretionary
+% hyphen and an unbreakable space; in case the token is not a
+% letter, it is tested against the definitions of |\ae| and |\oe|,
+% and if the test is true than such definitions are treated as
+% letters (as they actually are), otherwise the token is tested
+% again to find if it is the character \texttt{\string|}, in which
+% case it is gobbled and a discretionary break is introduced.
+% \changes{latin-2.0g}{2005/11/17}{Added a \cs{nobreak}}
+% \changes{latin-3.0}{2014/06/01}{\cs{lt@allowhyphens} rewritten so as
+% to use the babel core command \cs{bbl@allowhyphens}}
+% \changes{latin-3.0}{2014/06/01}{Introduced the tests for the ligatures
+% \cs{ae} and \cs{oe}}
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\def\lt@allowhyphens{\bbl@allowhyphens\discretionary{-}{}{}\bbl@allowhyphens}
+
+\newcommand*{\lt@cwm}{\let\lt@n@xt\relax
+ \ifcat\noexpand\lt@temp a%
+ \let\lt@n@xt\lt@allowhyphens
+ \else
+ \ifx\lt@temp\ae
+ \let\lt@n@xt\lt@allowhyphens
+ \else
+ \ifx\lt@temp\oe
+ \let\lt@n@xt\lt@allowhyphens
+ \else
+ \if\noexpand\lt@temp\string|%
+ \def\lt@n@xt{\lt@allowhyphens\@gobble}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \lt@n@xt}%
+% \end{macrocode}
+%
+% Attention: the ligature commands |\ae| and |\oe| are detected correctly
+% if they are not included within a group. In facts an input such as
+% |super"{\ae}quitas|\footnote{This word does not exist in
+% ``regular'' Latin, and it is used just as an example.} gets wrongly
+% hyphenated as \texttt{su-pe-r\ae-qui-tas} while |super"\ae{}quitas|,
+% that uses an empty group to terminate the |\ae| control sequence, gets
+% correctly hyphenated as \texttt{su-per-\ae-qui-tas}. If one prefers to
+% close the |\ae| or |\oe| ligature commands within a group, then it is
+% necessary to use the alternate etymological hyphenation command \verb+"|+
+% as in \verb!super"|{\ae}quitas! in order to get
+% \texttt{su-per-{\ae}-qui-tas}.
+% .
+%
+% The macro |\ldf@finish| takes care of looking for a
+% configuration file, setting the main language to be switched on
+% at |\begin{document}| and resetting the category code of
+% \texttt{@} to its original value.
+% \begin{macrocode}
+\ldf@finish{latin}
+% \end{macrocode}
+%\iffalse
+%</code>
+%\fi
+%
+% \Finale
+%
+\endinput
+
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/babel-contrib/latin/latin.ins b/macros/latex/contrib/babel-contrib/latin/latin.ins
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b7b8bac612
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/babel-contrib/latin/latin.ins
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+%%
+%% This file will generate fast loadable files and documentation
+%% driver files from the doc files in this package when run through
+%% LaTeX or TeX.
+%%
+%% Copyright 1989-2000 Johannes L. Braams and any individual authors
+%% listed elsewhere in this file. All rights reserved.
+%%
+%% This file is part of the Babel system, release 3.7.
+%% ---------------------------------------------------
+%%
+%% It may be distributed under the terms of the LaTeX Project Public
+%% License, as described in lppl.txt in the base LaTeX distribution.
+%% Either version 1.1 or, at your option, any later version.
+%%
+%% --------------- start of docstrip commands ------------------
+%%
+\def\filedate{2014/05/27}
+\def\batchfile{latin.ins}
+\input docstrip.tex
+
+{\ifx\generate\undefined
+\Msg{**********************************************}
+\Msg{*}
+\Msg{* This installation requires docstrip}
+\Msg{* version 2.3c or later.}
+\Msg{*}
+\Msg{* An older version of docstrip has been input}
+\Msg{*}
+\Msg{**********************************************}
+\errhelp{Move or rename old docstrip.tex.}
+\errmessage{Old docstrip in input path}
+\batchmode
+\csname @@end\endcsname
+\fi}
+
+\declarepreamble\mainpreamble
+
+This is a generated file.
+
+Copyright 1989-2000 Johannes L. Braams and any individual authors
+listed elsewhere in this file. All rights reserved.
+
+This file is part of the Babel system release 3.7.
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+It may be distributed under the terms of the LaTeX Project Public
+License, as described in lppl.txt in the base LaTeX distribution.
+Either version 1.1 or, at your option, any later version.
+\endpreamble
+
+\declarepreamble\fdpreamble
+This is a generated file.
+
+Copyright 2000 Johannes L. Braams and any individual authors
+listed elsewhere in this file. All rights reserved.
+
+This file is part of the Babel system, release 3.7.
+---------------------------------------------------
+
+It may be distributed under the terms of the LaTeX Project Public
+License, as described in lppl.txt in the base LaTeX distribution.
+Either version 1.1 or, at your option, any later version.
+
+In particular, permission is granted to customize the declarations in
+this file to serve the needs of your installation.
+
+However, NO PERMISSION is granted to distribute a modified version
+of this file under its original name.
+
+\endpreamble
+
+\keepsilent
+
+\usepreamble\mainpreamble
+\generate{\file{latin.ldf}{\from{latin.dtx}{code}}
+ }
+\usepreamble\fdpreamble
+
+\ifToplevel{
+\Msg{***********************************************************}
+\Msg{*}
+\Msg{* To finish the installation you have to move the following}
+\Msg{* files into a directory searched by TeX:}
+\Msg{*}
+\Msg{* \space\space All *.def, *.fd, *.ldf, *.sty}
+\Msg{*}
+\Msg{* To produce the documentation run the files ending with}
+\Msg{* '.dtx' and `.fdd' through LaTeX.}
+\Msg{*}
+\Msg{* Happy TeXing}
+\Msg{***********************************************************}
+}
+
+\endinput
diff --git a/macros/latex/contrib/babel-contrib/latin/latin.pdf b/macros/latex/contrib/babel-contrib/latin/latin.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..592b907926
--- /dev/null
+++ b/macros/latex/contrib/babel-contrib/latin/latin.pdf
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generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.39.1) at 2024-11-03 11:31:42 +0000