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authorNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900
committerNorbert Preining <norbert@preining.info>2019-09-02 13:46:59 +0900
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+% This is A4-9.DOC as of 10 Oct 89
+%---------------------------------------------------------
+% (c) 1989 by J.Schrod. copy conditions see below.
+
+%
+% Macro package for a non-arbitrary A4 page layout
+% LaTeX style option
+% MAKEPROG is needed
+%
+
+%
+% DATE PERSON REMARK
+% 89-10-05 -js first version
+%
+
+% author's current address:
+%
+% Detig$\,\cdot\,$Schrod \TeX{}sys
+% Joachim Schrod
+% Kranichweg 1
+%
+% D-6074 R\"odermark-Urberach
+% FR Germany
+%
+% Tel. (+6074) 1617
+% Bitnet: XITIJSCH@DDATHD21
+
+
+
+% should be progtex...
+\documentstyle[progltx,a4-9]{article}
+
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%
+% local macros
+%
+
+\let\mc=\ninrm % for names like GNU
+
+\def\WEB{{\tt WEB\/}}
+\def\DVI{{\tt DVI\/}}
+\def\GNU{{\mc GNU}}
+
+\chardef\bs=`\\
+
+\def\fract#1/#2.{% % fraction a/b within text
+ \leavevmode % borrowed from D. Knuth's manmac
+ \kern .1em
+ \raise .5ex \hbox{\the\scriptfont0 #1}%
+ \kern -.1em/\kern -.15em
+ \lower .25ex \hbox{\the\scriptfont0 #2}%
+ }
+
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+
+\begin{document}
+
+
+\title{
+ A non-arbitrary A4 page layout\\
+ The {\tt a4-9\/} style option
+ }
+\author{\sc Joachim Schrod}
+
+\maketitle
+
+
+
+\sect This macro file is the |a4-9| document style option for \LaTeX{}
+that produces a {\it well designed\/} A4 page layout. This style
+option works with all standard \LaTeX{} styles and should work with
+all other well written ones, too. It should not be used with an
+underlined headings page style (see below for an explanation).
+
+But what does this mean: ``a {\it well designed\/} page layout''?
+Mostly it means that the design is not chosen by accident but
+within a {\it non-arbitrary process}. To my knowledge this theme
+has first been covered by Jan Tschichold in his famous article of
+1962: ``Willk\"urfreie Ma\ss{}verh\"altnisse der Buchseite und
+des Satzspiegels'' (look for references at the end). This style
+option implements his design (I'm no designer\,\dots)
+
+If you are interested in typography and you do not know anything of
+Jan Tschichold, you should---he and Stanley Morrison were probably the
+two most important typographers in this century. He received as one
+of very few Europeans the gold medal of the American Institute of
+Graphic Arts, was a honorary member of the Double Crown Club, London,
+and of the Soci\'et\'e typographique de France. Furthermore he was
+appointed as Honorary Royal Designer for Industry by the Royal Society
+of Arts, London. In 1965 he got the Gutenberg-Preis of the city
+Leipzig (which celebrated its 800th~birthday in this year), the most
+important typographic award in Europe.
+
+
+\sect This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+modify it under the terms of the \GNU{} General Public License as
+published by the Free Software Foundation; either version~1, or (at your
+option) any later version.
+
+This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+{\bf without any warranty\/}; without even the implied warranty of
+{\bf merchantability\/} or {\bf fitness for a particular purpose}. See
+the \GNU{} General Public License for more details.
+
+%You should have received a copy of the \GNU{} General Public License
+%along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+If you have not received a copy of the \GNU{} General Public License
+along with this program, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+Inc., 675~Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA~02139, USA.
+
+
+\sect This style option implements the partition by nine of the A4
+page as explained by Tschichold. The proportion for a two-sided
+layout is shown in Figure~\ref{fig:layout} (the picture is not true to
+scale due to the limited features of the \LaTeX{}-{\tt
+picture\/}-environment).
+%
+\begin{figure}
+\unitlength=.3mm
+\begin{center}
+\begin{picture}(420,315) % 420,297
+
+% double page (dashed lines)
+\multiput(0,0)(210,0){2}{\dashbox{5}(210,315){}} % 210,297
+
+% help lines for construction (thin lines)
+\put( 0, 0){\line( 4, 3){420}}
+\put( 0, 0){\line( 2, 3){210}}
+\put( 0,315){\line( 4,-3){420}}
+\put(210,315){\line( 2,-3){210}}
+
+\put(280,315){\line( 0,-1){105}}
+\put(140,210){\line( 4, 3){140}}
+
+% resulting pages (thick lines)
+\thicklines
+\multiput(46.66666,70)(186.66666,0){2}{\framebox(140,210){}} % 140,198
+
+\end{picture}
+\end{center}
+\caption{Partition by nine of the A4 page according to Tschichold}
+\label{fig:layout}
+\end{figure}
+%
+The important fact is that the proportions of the type area and the
+margins repeat the proportion of the whole page. The above
+construction yields margins with a ratio of $ \sqrt{2} : 1 : 2 :
+2\sqrt{2} $, where 1 is the ninth of the page width, i.e.\ $\rm
+23\fract 1/3. \,mm$. But we do not use this exact value because
+the margin will be shortened by bookbinding or filing. We assume a
+total need of 8\,mm for such purposes which results in 4\,mm for
+each page. This 4\,mm will first be subtracted from the total
+margin width of 70\,mm and the remaining 66\,mm will be divided
+into one third for the inner margin and two third for the outer
+margin. The resulting approximate values are therefore:
+%
+\begin{center}
+\begin{tabular}{lr}
+\multicolumn1{c}{\sc Dimension}& \multicolumn1{c}{\sc Value}\\[2pt]
+page width& 210\,mm\\
+width of type area& 140\,mm\\
+inner margin& 26\,mm\\
+outer margin& 44\,mm\\[1pt]
+page height& 297\,mm\\
+height of type area& 198\,mm\\
+top margin& 33\,mm\\
+bottom margin& 66\,mm\\
+\end{tabular}
+\end{center}
+%
+The value for the inner margin consists of 4\,mm for binding and
+filing purposes and 22\,mm ``real'' margin. Of course, all values
+are measured from the paper edge.
+
+If the page layout is not for two-sided printing, it can be still
+assumed that a margin of c\`a.~4\,mm will be needed for filing.
+This remaining margin space of 66\,mm is distributed evenly on the
+left and on the right side. Precisely spoken, we use 37\,mm for
+the left margin ($\rm = 33\,mm + 4\,mm$) and 33\,mm for the right
+margin. The resulting margins have a ratio of $1 : 1 : 1 :
+2\sqrt{2}$.
+
+
+\sect The height of the type area needs a special remark: Usually this
+height does neither include the headline nor the footline. But if the
+headline is underlined the headline should be taken into
+account---that's the reason why this style option cannot be used with
+underlined headings.
+
+The values in the above table are only approximations to the one
+we will use in reality. An approximation because the height of the
+type area must be a multiple of a line height, i.e.\ it must equal
+$ (n-1)|\baselineskip| + |\topskip| $ where $n$ is the number of lines
+on one page. If we have to choose we will prefer the longer type area.
+
+
+\sect We assume a starting position of $\rm (2\,cm, 2\,cm)$, i.e., the
+\DVI{} driver shall leave a top and a left margin of 2\,cm by his own. This is
+different from the usual 1\,in margin---but the usual margin was made
+for legal paper ($\rm 8\,in \times 11.5\,in$). I hope that this
+driver margin value---which was presented by Klaus Guntermann and
+me at the Euro\TeX88 conference in Exeter---will be accepted
+by the \DVI{} driver standards commitee of TUG.
+
+|\hoffset| and |\voffset| are set to 0\,mm, so that we can proceed on
+the assumption of the above margin. If you use a driver which leaves a
+margin of 1\,in you should use the changefile |a4-marg.chf|.
+
+\beginprog
+\hoffset=0mm
+\voffset=0mm
+\endprog
+
+
+\sect To get the precise value of |\textheight| we first calculate the
+number of lines which may be on the page in full. Then we add another
+line and recalculate the value of |\textheight|.
+
+\beginprog
+\normalsize % this sets \baselineskip
+
+\dimen@=198mm
+\count@=\dimen@ % value in sp
+\advance \count@ by -\topskip % \topskip and \baselineskip will be
+\divide \count@ by \baselineskip % coerced to integer, value is in sp
+
+\textheight=\count@\baselineskip % \count@ equals the number of lines - 1
+\advance \textheight by \topskip
+\endprog
+
+
+\sect Because we have altered the original value of |\textheight|
+(198\,mm) we must alter the value of the top margin, too. It will be
+just a third of the remaining place on the page. Please note that the
+place for the top margin consists of the four values driver
+margin, |\topmargin|, |\headheight|, and |\headsep|.
+
+\beginprog
+\topmargin=297mm
+ \advance \topmargin by -\textheight % place for top and bottom margin
+ \divide \topmargin by 3 % place for top margin
+ \advance \topmargin by -20mm % driver margin
+ \advance \topmargin by -\headheight
+ \advance \topmargin by -\headsep
+
+\textwidth=140.1mm
+\if@twoside
+ \oddsidemargin=6mm % 26mm - 20mm (driver margin)
+ \evensidemargin=24mm % 44mm - 20mm (driver margin)
+ \marginparwidth=33mm % half of total vertical margin
+\else
+ \oddsidemargin=17mm % 37mm - 20mm (driver margin)
+ \marginparwidth=22mm % third of total vertical margin
+ \evensidemargin=\maxdimen % usage should result in an error message
+\fi
+\endprog
+
+
+\sect We finish the macro file so that garbage (e.g.\ of exchanges
+between systems) can come afterwards.
+
+\beginprog
+\endinput
+\endprog
+
+
+%%%
+\newpage
+%%%
+
+\sect It remains to give a few pointers to the article where the
+design which was implemented here has been described:
+%
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item {\sc Jan Tschichold}:
+Willk\"urfreie Ma\ss{}verh\"altnisse der Buchseite und des Satzspiegels.
+In {\it Typographische Monatsbl\"atter}.
+February 1964.
+
+\item {\sc Jan Tschichold}:
+Non-arbitrary proportions of page and type area.
+In {\it Print in Britain}.
+London: September 1963.
+
+\item {\sc Jan Tschichold}:
+Proportions rationelles du format du livre et de la page imprim\'ee.
+In {\it Revue suisse d'imprimerie}, 4.
+St-Gall 1964.
+
+\end{itemize}
+%
+The original paper is a private edition which can not be bought, it
+was published in 1962. It appeared in seven different publications
+in german language, three times in french, two times in dutch.
+Besides being translated to english, it was translated to danish,
+norwegian, finn, italian, and hungarian.
+
+
+
+\end{document}