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%D \module
%D [ file=m-newmat,
%D version=2000.11.16,
%D title=\CONTEXT\ Math Module,
%D subtitle=AMS-like math extensions,
%D author={Taco Hoekwater \& Hans Hagen},
%D date=\currentdate,
%D copyright={PRAGMA / Taco Hoekwater}]
%C
%C This module is part of the \CONTEXT\ macro||package and is
%C therefore copyrighted by \PRAGMA. See licen-en.pdf for
%C details.
%D This module collects macros that \TEX\ users kind of expect
%D to be available when typesetting math. Most of them
%D originate in the \AMS\ macro packages. We have taken the
%D freedom to adapt them to \CONTEXT. This module is derived
%D from the \type {m-math} module by Taco Hoekwater (partially
%D derived from AMS math modules) and adapted|/|extended by
%D Hans Hagen.
%D Here we will add code on demand. So, just let us know what
%D should go in here.
%M \usemodule[newmat]
\unprotect
%D \macros
%D {qedsymbol}
%D
%D [HH] The general Quod Erat Domonstrandum symbol is defined
%D in such a way that we can configure it. Because this symbol
%D is also used in text mode, we make it a normal text symbol
%D with special behavior.
\def\qedsymbol#1%
{\ifhmode
\unskip~\hfill#1\par
\else\ifmmode
\eqno#1\relax % Do we really need the \eqno here?
\else
\leavevmode\hbox{}\hfill#1\par
\fi\fi}
\definesymbol [qed] [\qedsymbol{\mathematics{\square}}]
%D \macros
%D {QED}
%D
%D [HH] For compatbility reasons we also provide the \type
%D {\QED} command. In case this command is overloaded, we still
%D have the symbol available. \symbol[qed]
\def\QED{\symbol[qed]}
%D \macros
%D {genfrac}
%D
%D [TH] The definition of \type {\genfrac} \& co. is not
%D trivial, because it allows some flexibility. This is
%D supposed to be a user||level command, but will fail quite
%D desparately if called outside math mode (\CONTEXT\ redefines
%D \type {\over})
%D
%D [HH] We clean up this macro a bit and (try) to make it
%D understandable. The expansion is needed for generating
%D the second argument to \type {\dogenfrac}, which is to
%D be a control sequence like \type {\over}.
\unexpanded\def\genfrac#1#2#3#4%
{\edef\!!stringa
{#1#2}%
\expanded
{\dogenfrac{#4}%
\csname
\ifx @#3@%
\ifx\!!stringa\empty
\strippedcsname\normalover
\else
\strippedcsname\normaloverwithdelims
\fi
\else
\ifx\!!stringa\empty
\strippedcsname\normalabove
\else
\strippedcsname\normalabovewithdelims
\fi
\fi
\endcsname}%
{#1#2#3}}
\def\dogenfrac#1#2#3#4#5%
{{#1{\begingroup#4\endgroup#2#3\relax#5}}}
%D \macros
%D {dfrac, tfrac, frac, dbinom, tbinom, binom}
%D
%D [TH] No need to make these \type {\unexpanded} as well.
%\def\dfrac {\genfrac\empty\empty\empty\displaystyle}
%\def\tfrac {\genfrac\empty\empty\empty\textstyle}
%\def\frac {\genfrac\empty\empty\empty\donothing}
\def\dfrac {\genfrac{}{}{}\displaystyle}
\def\tfrac {\genfrac{}{}{}\textstyle}
\def\frac {\genfrac{}{}{}\donothing}
\def\dbinom{\genfrac()\zeropoint\displaystyle}
\def\tbinom{\genfrac()\zeropoint\textstyle}
\def\binom {\genfrac()\zeropoint\donothing}
\def\xfrac {\genfrac{}{}{}\scriptstyle}
\def\xxfrac{\genfrac{}{}{}\scriptscriptstyle}
%D Better:
\unexpanded\def\frac#1#2{\mathematics{\genfrac{}{}{}\donothing{#1}{#2}}}
%D [HH] This shows up as:
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D $\dfrac {1}{2} \tfrac {1}{2} \frac {1}{2}$
%D $\dbinom{1}{2} \tbinom{1}{2} \binom{1}{2}$
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer
%D \macros
%D {text}
%D
%D [TH] \type {\text} is a command to typeset more or less
%D ordinary text inside of super- and sub|-|scripts. It has to
%D do a full font switch to get the sides right, so it will be
%D quite slow. \type {\text} kind of replaces \CONTEXT's \type
%D {\mathstyle} command.
%D [HH] This macro is now also moved to the core, but we
%D keep it here as well for completeness.
%D
%D \starttyping
%D \unexpanded\def\mathtext
%D {\mathortext\domathtext\hbox} % {\ifmmode\@EA\dotext\else\@EA\hbox\fi}
%D
%D \def\domathtext#1%
%D {\mathchoice
%D {\dodomathtext\displaystyle\textface {#1}}%
%D {\dodomathtext\textstyle \textface {#1}}%
%D {\dodomathtext\textstyle \scriptface {#1}}%
%D {\dodomathtext\textstyle \scriptscriptface{#1}}}
%D
%D \def\dodomathtext#1#2#3% no \everymath !
%D %{\hbox{\everymath{#1}\switchtobodyfont [#2]#3}} % 15 sec
%D {\hbox{\everymath{#1}\setcurrentfontbody{#2}#3}} % 3 sec (no math)
%D \stoptyping
%D [HH] We use the following indirectness because \type {\text}
%D is a natural candidate for user macros (actually, it is
%D used in some modules).
%D
%D \starttyping
%D \let\text\mathtext
%D \stoptyping
%D [HH] Actually, the font switch is not that slow when
%D typefaces are used. If needed this macro can be sped up.
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D ordinary text $x^{\text{extra ordinary text}}$
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer
%D \macros
%D {mathhexbox}
%D
%D [TH] \type {\mathhexbox} is also user||level (already
%D defined in Plain \TEX). It allows to get a math character
%D inserted as if it was a text character.
\gdef\mathhexbox#1#2#3{\mathtext{$\m@th\mathchar"#1#2#3$}}
%D \macros
%D {boxed}
%D
%D [HH] Another macro that users expect (slightly adapted):
\def\boxed
{\ifmmode\expandafter\mframed\else\expandafter\framed\fi}
%D \macros
%D {cfrac}
%D
%D [HH] Now let us see what this one does:
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D $\cfrac{12}{3} \cfrac[l]{12}{3} \cfrac[c]{12}{3} \cfrac[r]{12}{3}$
%D $\cfrac{1}{23} \cfrac[l]{1}{23} \cfrac[c]{1}{23} \cfrac[r]{1}{23}$
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer
\definecomplexorsimple\cfrac
\def\simplecfrac
{\complexcfrac[c]}
\def\complexcfrac[#1]#2#3%
{{\displaystyle
\frac
{\strut\ifx r#1\hfill\fi#2\ifx l#1\hfill\fi}%
{#3}}%
\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}
%D [HH] The next alternative is nicer:
\def\simplecfrac {\docfrac[cc]}
\def\complexcfrac[#1]{\docfrac[#1cc]}
\def\docfrac[#1#2#3]#4#5%
{{\displaystyle
\frac
{\strut
\ifx r#1\hfill\fi#4\ifx l#1\hfill\fi}%
{\ifx r#2\hfill\fi#5\ifx l#2\hfill\fi}%
\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}}
%D [HH] Now we can align every combination we want:
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D $\cfrac{12}{3} \cfrac[l]{12}{3} \cfrac[c]{12}{3} \cfrac[r]{12}{3}$
%D $\cfrac{1}{23} \cfrac[l]{1}{23} \cfrac[c]{1}{23} \cfrac[r]{1}{23}$
%D $\cfrac[cl]{12}{3} \cfrac[cc]{12}{3} \cfrac[cr]{12}{3}$
%D $\cfrac[lc]{1}{23} \cfrac[cc]{1}{23} \cfrac[rc]{1}{23}$
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer
\protect \endinput
%D \macros
%D {startsubarray,substack,startsmallmatrix}
%D
%D [HH] I wonder what these are supposed to do. An example
%D will be inserted later. Contrary to the original we
%D support an optional argument between either \type {{}} or
%D \type {[]}.
\def\startsubarray
{\doifnextcharelse\bgroup
\simplestartsubarray{\dosingleempty\complexstartsubarray}}
\def\complexstartsubarray[#1]%
{\simplestartsubarray{#1}}
\def\simplestartsubarray#1%
{\vcenter\bgroup
\baselineskip\fontdimen10 \scriptfont\tw@
\advance\baselineskip\fontdimen12 \scriptfont\tw@
\lineskip\thr@@\fontdimen8 \scriptfont\thr@@
\lineskiplimit\lineskip
\ialign\bgroup\ifx c#1\hfil\fi$\m@th\scriptstyle##$\hfil\crcr}
\def\stopsubarray
{\crcr\egroup
\egroup}
\def\startsubstack
{\doifnextcharelse\bgroup
\simplestartsubstack{\dosingleempty\complexstartsubstack}}
\def\complexstartsubstack[#1]%
{\simplestartsubstack{#1}}
\def\simplesubstack#1%
{\startsubarray[c]#1\stopsubarray}
\def\startsmallmatrix
{\null
\,%
\vcenter\bgroup
\baselineskip6\ex@
\lineskip1.5\ex@
\lineskiplimit\lineskip
\ialign\bgroup\hfil$\m@th\scriptstyle##$\hfil&&\thickspace\hfil
$\m@th\scriptstyle##$\hfil\crcr}
\def\stopsmallmatrix
{\crcr\egroup
\egroup
\,}
\protect \endinput
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