summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/Master/texmf-dist/tex/context/base/font-con.lua
blob: aca7055235e80b933b624a48ee74bf5cf6d2c853 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-con'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.mkiv",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

-- some names of table entries will be changed (no _)

local next, tostring, rawget = next, tostring, rawget
local format, match, lower, gsub = string.format, string.match, string.lower, string.gsub
local utfbyte = utf.byte
local sort, insert, concat, sortedkeys, serialize, fastcopy = table.sort, table.insert, table.concat, table.sortedkeys, table.serialize, table.fastcopy
local derivetable = table.derive

local trace_defining = false  trackers.register("fonts.defining", function(v) trace_defining = v end)
local trace_scaling  = false  trackers.register("fonts.scaling" , function(v) trace_scaling  = v end)

local report_defining = logs.reporter("fonts","defining")

-- watch out: no negative depths and negative eights permitted in regular fonts

--[[ldx--
<p>Here we only implement a few helper functions.</p>
--ldx]]--

local fonts                  = fonts
local constructors           = fonts.constructors or { }
fonts.constructors           = constructors
local handlers               = fonts.handlers or { } -- can have preloaded tables
fonts.handlers               = handlers

local allocate               = utilities.storage.allocate
local setmetatableindex      = table.setmetatableindex

-- will be directives

constructors.dontembed       = allocate()
constructors.autocleanup     = true
constructors.namemode        = "fullpath" -- will be a function

constructors.version         = 1.01
constructors.cache           = containers.define("fonts", "constructors", constructors.version, false)

constructors.privateoffset   = 0xF0000 -- 0x10FFFF

-- Some experimental helpers (handy for tracing):
--
-- todo: extra:
--
-- extra_space       => space.extra
-- space             => space.width
-- space_stretch     => space.stretch
-- space_shrink      => space.shrink

-- We do keep the x-height, extra_space, space_shrink and space_stretch
-- around as these are low level official names.

constructors.keys = {
    properties = {
        encodingbytes          = "number",
        embedding              = "number",
        cidinfo                = {
                                 },
        format                 = "string",
        fontname               = "string",
        fullname               = "string",
        filename               = "filename",
        psname                 = "string",
        name                   = "string",
        virtualized            = "boolean",
        hasitalics             = "boolean",
        autoitalicamount       = "basepoints",
        nostackmath            = "boolean",
        noglyphnames           = "boolean",
        mode                   = "string",
        hasmath                = "boolean",
        mathitalics            = "boolean",
        textitalics            = "boolean",
        finalized              = "boolean",
    },
    parameters = {
        mathsize               = "number",
        scriptpercentage       = "float",
        scriptscriptpercentage = "float",
        units                  = "cardinal",
        designsize             = "scaledpoints",
        expansion              = {
                                    stretch = "integerscale", -- might become float
                                    shrink  = "integerscale", -- might become float
                                    step    = "integerscale", -- might become float
                                    auto    = "boolean",
                                 },
        protrusion             = {
                                    auto    = "boolean",
                                 },
        slantfactor            = "float",
        extendfactor           = "float",
        factor                 = "float",
        hfactor                = "float",
        vfactor                = "float",
        size                   = "scaledpoints",
        units                  = "scaledpoints",
        scaledpoints           = "scaledpoints",
        slantperpoint          = "scaledpoints",
        spacing                = {
                                    width   = "scaledpoints",
                                    stretch = "scaledpoints",
                                    shrink  = "scaledpoints",
                                    extra   = "scaledpoints",
                                 },
        xheight                = "scaledpoints",
        quad                   = "scaledpoints",
        ascender               = "scaledpoints",
        descender              = "scaledpoints",
        synonyms               = {
                                    space         = "spacing.width",
                                    spacestretch  = "spacing.stretch",
                                    spaceshrink   = "spacing.shrink",
                                    extraspace    = "spacing.extra",
                                    x_height      = "xheight",
                                    space_stretch = "spacing.stretch",
                                    space_shrink  = "spacing.shrink",
                                    extra_space   = "spacing.extra",
                                    em            = "quad",
                                    ex            = "xheight",
                                    slant         = "slantperpoint",
                                  },
    },
    description = {
        width                  = "basepoints",
        height                 = "basepoints",
        depth                  = "basepoints",
        boundingbox            = { },
    },
    character = {
        width                  = "scaledpoints",
        height                 = "scaledpoints",
        depth                  = "scaledpoints",
        italic                 = "scaledpoints",
    },
}

-- This might become an interface:

local designsizes           = allocate()
constructors.designsizes    = designsizes
local loadedfonts           = allocate()
constructors.loadedfonts    = loadedfonts

--[[ldx--
<p>We need to normalize the scale factor (in scaled points). This has to
do with the fact that <l n='tex'/> uses a negative multiple of 1000 as
a signal for a font scaled based on the design size.</p>
--ldx]]--

local factors = {
    pt = 65536.0,
    bp = 65781.8,
}

function constructors.setfactor(f)
    constructors.factor = factors[f or 'pt'] or factors.pt
end

constructors.setfactor()

function constructors.scaled(scaledpoints, designsize) -- handles designsize in sp as well
    if scaledpoints < 0 then
        if designsize then
            local factor = constructors.factor
            if designsize > factor then -- or just 1000 / when? mp?
                return (- scaledpoints/1000) * designsize -- sp's
            else
                return (- scaledpoints/1000) * designsize * factor
            end
        else
            return (- scaledpoints/1000) * 10 * factor
        end
    else
        return scaledpoints
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>Beware, the boundingbox is passed as reference so we may not overwrite it
in the process; numbers are of course copies. Here 65536 equals 1pt. (Due to
excessive memory usage in CJK fonts, we no longer pass the boundingbox.)</p>
--ldx]]--

-- The scaler is only used for otf and afm and virtual fonts. If
-- a virtual font has italic correction make sure to set the
-- hasitalics flag. Some more flags will be added in
-- the future.

--[[ldx--
<p>The reason why the scaler was originally split, is that for a while we experimented
with a helper function. However, in practice the <l n='api'/> calls are too slow to
make this profitable and the <l n='lua'/> based variant was just faster. A days
wasted day but an experience richer.</p>
--ldx]]--

-- we can get rid of the tfm instance when we have fast access to the
-- scaled character dimensions at the tex end, e.g. a fontobject.width
-- actually we already have some of that now as virtual keys in glyphs
--
-- flushing the kern and ligature tables from memory saves a lot (only
-- base mode) but it complicates vf building where the new characters
-- demand this data .. solution: functions that access them

function constructors.cleanuptable(tfmdata)
    if constructors.autocleanup and tfmdata.properties.virtualized then
        for k, v in next, tfmdata.characters do
            if v.commands then v.commands = nil end
        --  if v.kerns    then v.kerns    = nil end
        end
    end
end

-- experimental, sharing kerns (unscaled and scaled) saves memory
-- local sharedkerns, basekerns = constructors.check_base_kerns(tfmdata)
-- loop over descriptions (afm and otf have descriptions, tfm not)
-- there is no need (yet) to assign a value to chr.tonunicode

-- constructors.prepare_base_kerns(tfmdata) -- optimalization

-- we have target.name=metricfile and target.fullname=RealName and target.filename=diskfilename
-- when collapsing fonts, luatex looks as both target.name and target.fullname as ttc files
-- can have multiple subfonts

function constructors.calculatescale(tfmdata,scaledpoints)
    local parameters = tfmdata.parameters
    if scaledpoints < 0 then
        scaledpoints = (- scaledpoints/1000) * (tfmdata.designsize or parameters.designsize) -- already in sp
    end
    return scaledpoints, scaledpoints / (parameters.units or 1000) -- delta
end

local unscaled = {
    ScriptPercentScaleDown          = true,
    ScriptScriptPercentScaleDown    = true,
    RadicalDegreeBottomRaisePercent = true
}

function constructors.assignmathparameters(target,original) -- simple variant, not used in context
    -- when a tfm file is loaded, it has already been scaled
    -- and it never enters the scaled so this is otf only and
    -- even then we do some extra in the context math plugins
    local mathparameters = original.mathparameters
    if mathparameters and next(mathparameters) then
        local targetparameters     = target.parameters
        local targetproperties     = target.properties
        local targetmathparameters = { }
        local factor               = targetproperties.math_is_scaled and 1 or targetparameters.factor
        for name, value in next, mathparameters do
            if unscaled[name] then
                targetmathparameters[name] = value
            else
                targetmathparameters[name] = value * factor
            end
        end
        if not targetmathparameters.FractionDelimiterSize then
            targetmathparameters.FractionDelimiterSize = 1.01 * targetparameters.size
        end
        if not mathparameters.FractionDelimiterDisplayStyleSize then
            targetmathparameters.FractionDelimiterDisplayStyleSize = 2.40 * targetparameters.size
        end
        target.mathparameters = targetmathparameters
    end
end

function constructors.beforecopyingcharacters(target,original)
    -- can be used for additional tweaking
end

function constructors.aftercopyingcharacters(target,original)
    -- can be used for additional tweaking
end

-- It's probably ok to hash just the indices because there is not that much
-- chance that one will shift slots and leave the others unset then. Anyway,
-- there is of course some overhead here, but it might as well get compensated
-- by less time spent on including the font resource twice. For the moment
-- we default to false, so a macro package has to enable it explicitly. In
-- LuaTeX the fullname is used to identify a font as being unique.

constructors.sharefonts     = false
constructors.nofsharedfonts = 0
local sharednames           = { }

function constructors.trytosharefont(target,tfmdata)
    if constructors.sharefonts then -- not robust !
        local characters = target.characters
        local n = 1
        local t = { target.psname }
        local u = sortedkeys(characters)
        for i=1,#u do
            local k = u[i]
            n = n + 1 ; t[n] = k
            n = n + 1 ; t[n] = characters[k].index or k
        end
        local h = md5.HEX(concat(t," "))
        local s = sharednames[h]
        if s then
            if trace_defining then
                report_defining("font %a uses backend resources of font %a",target.fullname,s)
            end
            target.fullname = s
            constructors.nofsharedfonts = constructors.nofsharedfonts + 1
            target.properties.sharedwith = s
        else
            sharednames[h] = target.fullname
        end
    end
end

function constructors.enhanceparameters(parameters)
    local xheight = parameters.x_height
    local quad    = parameters.quad
    local space   = parameters.space
    local stretch = parameters.space_stretch
    local shrink  = parameters.space_shrink
    local extra   = parameters.extra_space
    local slant   = parameters.slant
    parameters.xheight       = xheight
    parameters.spacestretch  = stretch
    parameters.spaceshrink   = shrink
    parameters.extraspace    = extra
    parameters.em            = quad
    parameters.ex            = xheight
    parameters.slantperpoint = slant
    parameters.spacing = {
        width   = space,
        stretch = stretch,
        shrink  = shrink,
        extra   = extra,
    }
end

function constructors.scale(tfmdata,specification)
    local target         = { } -- the new table
    --
    if tonumber(specification) then
        specification    = { size = specification }
    end
    target.specification = specification
    --
    local scaledpoints   = specification.size
    local relativeid     = specification.relativeid
    --
    local properties     = tfmdata.properties     or { }
    local goodies        = tfmdata.goodies        or { }
    local resources      = tfmdata.resources      or { }
    local descriptions   = tfmdata.descriptions   or { } -- bad news if empty
    local characters     = tfmdata.characters     or { } -- bad news if empty
    local changed        = tfmdata.changed        or { } -- for base mode
    local shared         = tfmdata.shared         or { }
    local parameters     = tfmdata.parameters     or { }
    local mathparameters = tfmdata.mathparameters or { }
    --
    local targetcharacters     = { }
    local targetdescriptions   = derivetable(descriptions)
    local targetparameters     = derivetable(parameters)
    local targetproperties     = derivetable(properties)
    local targetgoodies        = goodies                        -- we need to loop so no metatable
    target.characters          = targetcharacters
    target.descriptions        = targetdescriptions
    target.parameters          = targetparameters
 -- target.mathparameters      = targetmathparameters           -- happens elsewhere
    target.properties          = targetproperties
    target.goodies             = targetgoodies
    target.shared              = shared
    target.resources           = resources
    target.unscaled            = tfmdata                        -- the original unscaled one
    --
    -- specification.mathsize : 1=text 2=script 3=scriptscript
    -- specification.textsize : natural (text)size
    -- parameters.mathsize    : 1=text 2=script 3=scriptscript >1000 enforced size (feature value other than yes)
    --
    local mathsize    = tonumber(specification.mathsize) or 0
    local textsize    = tonumber(specification.textsize) or scaledpoints
    local forcedsize  = tonumber(parameters.mathsize   ) or 0
    local extrafactor = tonumber(specification.factor  ) or 1
    if (mathsize == 2 or forcedsize == 2) and parameters.scriptpercentage then
        scaledpoints = parameters.scriptpercentage * textsize / 100
    elseif (mathsize == 3 or forcedsize == 3) and parameters.scriptscriptpercentage then
        scaledpoints = parameters.scriptscriptpercentage * textsize / 100
    elseif forcedsize > 1000 then -- safeguard
        scaledpoints = forcedsize
    end
    targetparameters.mathsize    = mathsize    -- context specific
    targetparameters.textsize    = textsize    -- context specific
    targetparameters.forcedsize  = forcedsize  -- context specific
    targetparameters.extrafactor = extrafactor -- context specific
    --
    local tounicode     = resources.tounicode
    local defaultwidth  = resources.defaultwidth  or 0
    local defaultheight = resources.defaultheight or 0
    local defaultdepth  = resources.defaultdepth or 0
    local units         = parameters.units or 1000
    --
    if target.fonts then
        target.fonts = fastcopy(target.fonts) -- maybe we virtualize more afterwards
    end
    --
    -- boundary keys are no longer needed as we now have a string 'right_boundary'
    -- that can be used in relevant tables (kerns and ligatures) ... not that I ever
    -- used them
    --
 -- boundarychar_label = 0,     -- not needed
 -- boundarychar       = 65536, -- there is now a string 'right_boundary'
 -- false_boundarychar = 65536, -- produces invalid tfm in luatex
    --
    targetproperties.language = properties.language or "dflt" -- inherited
    targetproperties.script   = properties.script   or "dflt" -- inherited
    targetproperties.mode     = properties.mode     or "base" -- inherited
    --
    local askedscaledpoints   = scaledpoints
    local scaledpoints, delta = constructors.calculatescale(tfmdata,scaledpoints,nil,specification) -- no shortcut, dan be redefined
    --
    local hdelta         = delta
    local vdelta         = delta
    --
    target.designsize    = parameters.designsize -- not really needed so it might become obsolete
    target.units_per_em  = units                 -- just a trigger for the backend
    --
    local direction      = properties.direction or tfmdata.direction or 0 -- pointless, as we don't use omf fonts at all
    target.direction     = direction
    properties.direction = direction
    --
    target.size          = scaledpoints
    --
    target.encodingbytes = properties.encodingbytes or 1
    target.embedding     = properties.embedding or "subset"
    target.tounicode     = 1
    target.cidinfo       = properties.cidinfo
    target.format        = properties.format
    --
    local fontname = properties.fontname or tfmdata.fontname -- for the moment we fall back on
    local fullname = properties.fullname or tfmdata.fullname -- names in the tfmdata although
    local filename = properties.filename or tfmdata.filename -- that is not the right place to
    local psname   = properties.psname   or tfmdata.psname   -- pass them
    local name     = properties.name     or tfmdata.name
    --
    if not psname or psname == "" then
     -- name used in pdf file as well as for selecting subfont in ttc/dfont
        psname = fontname or (fullname and fonts.names.cleanname(fullname))
    end
    target.fontname = fontname
    target.fullname = fullname
    target.filename = filename
    target.psname   = psname
    target.name     = name
    --
    properties.fontname = fontname
    properties.fullname = fullname
    properties.filename = filename
    properties.psname   = psname
    properties.name     = name
    -- expansion (hz)
    local expansion = parameters.expansion
    if expansion then
        target.stretch     = expansion.stretch
        target.shrink      = expansion.shrink
        target.step        = expansion.step
        target.auto_expand = expansion.auto
    end
    -- protrusion
    local protrusion = parameters.protrusion
    if protrusion then
        target.auto_protrude = protrusion.auto
    end
    -- widening
    local extendfactor = parameters.extendfactor or 0
    if extendfactor ~= 0 and extendfactor ~= 1 then
        hdelta = hdelta * extendfactor
        target.extend = extendfactor * 1000 -- extent ?
    else
        target.extend = 1000 -- extent ?
    end
    -- slanting
    local slantfactor = parameters.slantfactor or 0
    if slantfactor ~= 0 then
        target.slant = slantfactor * 1000
    else
        target.slant = 0
    end
    --
    targetparameters.factor       = delta
    targetparameters.hfactor      = hdelta
    targetparameters.vfactor      = vdelta
    targetparameters.size         = scaledpoints
    targetparameters.units        = units
    targetparameters.scaledpoints = askedscaledpoints
    --
    local isvirtual        = properties.virtualized or tfmdata.type == "virtual"
    local hasquality       = target.auto_expand or target.auto_protrude
    local hasitalics       = properties.hasitalics
    local autoitalicamount = properties.autoitalicamount
    local stackmath        = not properties.nostackmath
    local nonames          = properties.noglyphnames
    local nodemode         = properties.mode == "node"
    --
    if changed and not next(changed) then
        changed = false
    end
    --
    target.type = isvirtual and "virtual" or "real"
    --
    target.postprocessors = tfmdata.postprocessors
    --
    local targetslant         = (parameters.slant         or parameters[1] or 0) * factors.pt -- per point
    local targetspace         = (parameters.space         or parameters[2] or 0) * hdelta
    local targetspace_stretch = (parameters.space_stretch or parameters[3] or 0) * hdelta
    local targetspace_shrink  = (parameters.space_shrink  or parameters[4] or 0) * hdelta
    local targetx_height      = (parameters.x_height      or parameters[5] or 0) * vdelta
    local targetquad          = (parameters.quad          or parameters[6] or 0) * hdelta
    local targetextra_space   = (parameters.extra_space   or parameters[7] or 0) * hdelta
    --
    targetparameters.slant         = targetslant -- slantperpoint
    targetparameters.space         = targetspace
    targetparameters.space_stretch = targetspace_stretch
    targetparameters.space_shrink  = targetspace_shrink
    targetparameters.x_height      = targetx_height
    targetparameters.quad          = targetquad
    targetparameters.extra_space   = targetextra_space
    --
    local ascender = parameters.ascender
    if ascender then
        targetparameters.ascender  = delta * ascender
    end
    local descender = parameters.descender
    if descender then
        targetparameters.descender = delta * descender
    end
    --
    constructors.enhanceparameters(targetparameters) -- official copies for us
    --
    local protrusionfactor = (targetquad ~= 0 and 1000/targetquad) or 0
    local scaledwidth      = defaultwidth  * hdelta
    local scaledheight     = defaultheight * vdelta
    local scaleddepth      = defaultdepth  * vdelta
    --
    local hasmath = (properties.hasmath or next(mathparameters)) and true
    --
    if hasmath then
        constructors.assignmathparameters(target,tfmdata) -- does scaling and whatever is needed
        properties.hasmath    = true
        target.nomath         = false
        target.MathConstants  = target.mathparameters
    else
        properties.hasmath    = false
        target.nomath         = true
        target.mathparameters = nil -- nop
    end
    --
    local italickey  = "italic"
    local useitalics = true -- something context
    --
    -- some context specific trickery (this will move to a plugin)
    --
    if hasmath then
     -- the latest luatex can deal with it itself so we now disable this
     -- mechanism here
     --
     -- if properties.mathitalics then
     --     italickey = "italic_correction"
     --     if trace_defining then
     --         report_defining("math italics disabled for font %a, fullname %a, filename %a",name,fullname,filename)
     --     end
     -- end
        autoitalicamount = false -- new
    elseif properties.textitalics then
        italickey = "italic_correction"
        useitalics = false
        if properties.delaytextitalics then
            autoitalicamount = false
        end
    end
    --
    -- end of context specific trickery
    --
    if trace_defining then
        report_defining("defining tfm, name %a, fullname %a, filename %a, hscale %a, vscale %a, math %a, italics %a",
            name,fullname,filename,hdelta,vdelta,
            hasmath and "enabled" or "disabled",useitalics and "enabled" or "disabled")
    end
    --
    constructors.beforecopyingcharacters(target,tfmdata)
    --
    local sharedkerns = { }
    --
    -- we can have a dumb mode (basemode without math etc) that skips most
    --
    for unicode, character in next, characters do
        local chr, description, index, touni
        if changed then
            -- basemode hack (we try to catch missing tounicodes, e.g. needed for ssty in math cambria)
            local c = changed[unicode]
            if c then
                local ligatures = character.ligatures -- the original ligatures (as we cannot rely on remapping)
                description = descriptions[c] or descriptions[unicode] or character
                character = characters[c] or character
                index = description.index or c
                if tounicode then
                    touni = tounicode[index] -- nb: index!
                    if not touni then -- goodie
                        local d = descriptions[unicode] or characters[unicode]
                        local i = d.index or unicode
                        touni = tounicode[i] -- nb: index!
                    end
                end
                if ligatures and not character.ligatures then
                    character.ligatures = ligatures -- the original targets (for now at least.. see libertine smallcaps)
                end
            else
                description = descriptions[unicode] or character
                index = description.index or unicode
                if tounicode then
                    touni = tounicode[index] -- nb: index!
                end
            end
        else
            description = descriptions[unicode] or character
            index = description.index or unicode
            if tounicode then
                touni = tounicode[index] -- nb: index!
            end
        end
        local width  = description.width
        local height = description.height
        local depth  = description.depth
        if width  then width  = hdelta*width  else width  = scaledwidth  end
        if height then height = vdelta*height else height = scaledheight end
    --  if depth  then depth  = vdelta*depth  else depth  = scaleddepth  end
        if depth and depth ~= 0 then
            depth = delta*depth
            if nonames then
                chr = {
                    index  = index,
                    height = height,
                    depth  = depth,
                    width  = width,
                }
            else
                chr = {
                    name   = description.name,
                    index  = index,
                    height = height,
                    depth  = depth,
                    width  = width,
                }
            end
        else
            -- this saves a little bit of memory time and memory, esp for big cjk fonts
            if nonames then
                chr = {
                    index  = index,
                    height = height,
                    width  = width,
                }
            else
                chr = {
                    name   = description.name,
                    index  = index,
                    height = height,
                    width  = width,
                }
            end
        end
        if touni then
            chr.tounicode = touni
        end
        if hasquality then
            -- we could move these calculations elsewhere (saves calculations)
            local ve = character.expansion_factor
            if ve then
                chr.expansion_factor = ve*1000 -- expansionfactor, hm, can happen elsewhere
            end
            local vl = character.left_protruding
            if vl then
                chr.left_protruding  = protrusionfactor*width*vl
            end
            local vr = character.right_protruding
            if vr then
                chr.right_protruding  = protrusionfactor*width*vr
            end
        end
        --
        if autoitalicamount then
            local vi = description.italic
            if not vi then
                local vi = description.boundingbox[3] - description.width + autoitalicamount
                if vi > 0 then -- < 0 indicates no overshoot or a very small auto italic
                    chr[italickey] = vi*hdelta
                end
            elseif vi ~= 0 then
                chr[italickey] = vi*hdelta
            end
        elseif hasitalics then
            local vi = description.italic
            if vi and vi ~= 0 then
                chr[italickey] = vi*hdelta
            end
        end
        -- to be tested
        if hasmath then
            -- todo, just operate on descriptions.math
            local vn = character.next
            if vn then
                chr.next = vn
            else
                local vv = character.vert_variants
                if vv then
                    local t = { }
                    for i=1,#vv do
                        local vvi = vv[i]
                        t[i] = {
                            ["start"]    = (vvi["start"]   or 0)*vdelta,
                            ["end"]      = (vvi["end"]     or 0)*vdelta,
                            ["advance"]  = (vvi["advance"] or 0)*vdelta,
                            ["extender"] =  vvi["extender"],
                            ["glyph"]    =  vvi["glyph"],
                        }
                    end
                    chr.vert_variants = t
                else
                    local hv = character.horiz_variants
                    if hv then
                        local t = { }
                        for i=1,#hv do
                            local hvi = hv[i]
                            t[i] = {
                                ["start"]    = (hvi["start"]   or 0)*hdelta,
                                ["end"]      = (hvi["end"]     or 0)*hdelta,
                                ["advance"]  = (hvi["advance"] or 0)*hdelta,
                                ["extender"] =  hvi["extender"],
                                ["glyph"]    =  hvi["glyph"],
                            }
                        end
                        chr.horiz_variants = t
                    end
                end
            end
            local va = character.top_accent
            if va then
                chr.top_accent = vdelta*va
            end
            if stackmath then
                local mk = character.mathkerns -- not in math ?
                if mk then
                    local kerns = { }
                    local v = mk.top_right    if v then local k = { } for i=1,#v do local vi = v[i]
                        k[i] = { height = vdelta*vi.height, kern = vdelta*vi.kern }
                    end     kerns.top_right    = k end
                    local v = mk.top_left     if v then local k = { } for i=1,#v do local vi = v[i]
                        k[i] = { height = vdelta*vi.height, kern = vdelta*vi.kern }
                    end     kerns.top_left     = k end
                    local v = mk.bottom_left  if v then local k = { } for i=1,#v do local vi = v[i]
                        k[i] = { height = vdelta*vi.height, kern = vdelta*vi.kern }
                    end     kerns.bottom_left  = k end
                    local v = mk.bottom_right if v then local k = { } for i=1,#v do local vi = v[i]
                        k[i] = { height = vdelta*vi.height, kern = vdelta*vi.kern }
                    end     kerns.bottom_right = k end
                    chr.mathkern = kerns -- singular -> should be patched in luatex !
                end
            end
        end
        if not nodemode then
            local vk = character.kerns
            if vk then
                local s = sharedkerns[vk]
                if not s then
                    s = { }
                    for k,v in next, vk do s[k] = v*hdelta end
                    sharedkerns[vk] = s
                end
                chr.kerns = s
            end
            local vl = character.ligatures
            if vl then
                if true then
                    chr.ligatures = vl -- shared
                else
                    local tt = { }
                    for i, l in next, vl do
                        tt[i] = l
                    end
                    chr.ligatures = tt
                end
            end
        end
        if isvirtual then
            local vc = character.commands
            if vc then
                -- we assume non scaled commands here
                -- tricky .. we need to scale pseudo math glyphs too
                -- which is why we deal with rules too
                local ok = false
                for i=1,#vc do
                    local key = vc[i][1]
                    if key == "right" or key == "down" then
                        ok = true
                        break
                    end
                end
                if ok then
                    local tt = { }
                    for i=1,#vc do
                        local ivc = vc[i]
                        local key = ivc[1]
                        if key == "right" then
                            tt[i] = { key, ivc[2]*hdelta }
                        elseif key == "down" then
                            tt[i] = { key, ivc[2]*vdelta }
                        elseif key == "rule" then
                            tt[i] = { key, ivc[2]*vdelta, ivc[3]*hdelta }
                        else -- not comment
                            tt[i] = ivc -- shared since in cache and untouched
                        end
                    end
                    chr.commands = tt
                else
                    chr.commands = vc
                end
                chr.index = nil
            end
        end
        targetcharacters[unicode] = chr
    end
    --
    constructors.aftercopyingcharacters(target,tfmdata)
    --
    constructors.trytosharefont(target,tfmdata)
    --
    return target
end

function constructors.finalize(tfmdata)
    if tfmdata.properties and tfmdata.properties.finalized then
        return
    end
    --
    if not tfmdata.characters then
        return nil
    end
    --
    if not tfmdata.goodies then
        tfmdata.goodies = { } -- context specific
    end
    --
    local parameters = tfmdata.parameters
    if not parameters then
        return nil
    end
    --
    if not parameters.expansion then
        parameters.expansion = {
            stretch = tfmdata.stretch     or 0,
            shrink  = tfmdata.shrink      or 0,
            step    = tfmdata.step        or 0,
            auto    = tfmdata.auto_expand or false,
        }
    end
    --
    if not parameters.protrusion then
        parameters.protrusion = {
            auto = auto_protrude
        }
    end
    --
    if not parameters.size then
        parameters.size = tfmdata.size
    end
    --
    if not parameters.extendfactor then
        parameters.extendfactor = tfmdata.extend or 0
    end
    --
    if not parameters.slantfactor then
        parameters.slantfactor = tfmdata.slant or 0
    end
    --
    if not parameters.designsize then
        parameters.designsize = tfmdata.designsize or (factors.pt * 10)
    end
    --
    if not parameters.units then
        parameters.units = tfmdata.units_per_em or 1000
    end
    --
    if not tfmdata.descriptions then
        local descriptions = { } -- yes or no
        setmetatableindex(descriptions, function(t,k) local v = { } t[k] = v return v end)
        tfmdata.descriptions = descriptions
    end
    --
    local properties = tfmdata.properties
    if not properties then
        properties = { }
        tfmdata.properties = properties
    end
    --
    if not properties.virtualized then
        properties.virtualized = tfmdata.type == "virtual"
    end
    --
    if not tfmdata.properties then
        tfmdata.properties = {
            fontname      = tfmdata.fontname,
            filename      = tfmdata.filename,
            fullname      = tfmdata.fullname,
            name          = tfmdata.name,
            psname        = tfmdata.psname,
            --
            encodingbytes = tfmdata.encodingbytes or 1,
            embedding     = tfmdata.embedding     or "subset",
            tounicode     = tfmdata.tounicode     or 1,
            cidinfo       = tfmdata.cidinfo       or nil,
            format        = tfmdata.format        or "type1",
            direction     = tfmdata.direction     or 0,
        }
    end
    if not tfmdata.resources then
        tfmdata.resources = { }
    end
    if not tfmdata.shared then
        tfmdata.shared = { }
    end
    --
    -- tfmdata.fonts
    -- tfmdata.unscaled
    --
    if not properties.hasmath then
        properties.hasmath  = not tfmdata.nomath
    end
    --
    tfmdata.MathConstants  = nil
    tfmdata.postprocessors = nil
    --
    tfmdata.fontname       = nil
    tfmdata.filename       = nil
    tfmdata.fullname       = nil
    tfmdata.name           = nil -- most tricky part
    tfmdata.psname         = nil
    --
    tfmdata.encodingbytes  = nil
    tfmdata.embedding      = nil
    tfmdata.tounicode      = nil
    tfmdata.cidinfo        = nil
    tfmdata.format         = nil
    tfmdata.direction      = nil
    tfmdata.type           = nil
    tfmdata.nomath         = nil
    tfmdata.designsize     = nil
    --
    tfmdata.size           = nil
    tfmdata.stretch        = nil
    tfmdata.shrink         = nil
    tfmdata.step           = nil
    tfmdata.auto_expand    = nil
    tfmdata.auto_protrude  = nil
    tfmdata.extend         = nil
    tfmdata.slant          = nil
    tfmdata.units_per_em   = nil
    --
    properties.finalized   = true
    --
    return tfmdata
end

--[[ldx--
<p>A unique hash value is generated by:</p>
--ldx]]--

local hashmethods        = { }
constructors.hashmethods = hashmethods

function constructors.hashfeatures(specification) -- will be overloaded
    local features = specification.features
    if features then
        local t, tn = { }, 0
        for category, list in next, features do
            if next(list) then
                local hasher = hashmethods[category]
                if hasher then
                    local hash = hasher(list)
                    if hash then
                        tn = tn + 1
                        t[tn] = category .. ":" .. hash
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        if tn > 0 then
            return concat(t," & ")
        end
    end
    return "unknown"
end

hashmethods.normal = function(list)
    local s = { }
    local n = 0
    for k, v in next, list do
        if not k then
            -- no need to add to hash
        elseif k == "number" or k == "features" then
            -- no need to add to hash (maybe we need a skip list)
        else
            n = n + 1
            s[n] = k
        end
    end
    if n > 0 then
        sort(s)
        for i=1,n do
            local k = s[i]
            s[i] = k .. '=' .. tostring(list[k])
        end
        return concat(s,"+")
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>In principle we can share tfm tables when we are in node for a font, but then
we need to define a font switch as an id/attr switch which is no fun, so in that
case users can best use dynamic features ... so, we will not use that speedup. Okay,
when we get rid of base mode we can optimize even further by sharing, but then we
loose our testcases for <l n='luatex'/>.</p>
--ldx]]--

function constructors.hashinstance(specification,force)
    local hash, size, fallbacks = specification.hash, specification.size, specification.fallbacks
    if force or not hash then
        hash = constructors.hashfeatures(specification)
        specification.hash = hash
    end
    if size < 1000 and designsizes[hash] then
        size = math.round(constructors.scaled(size,designsizes[hash]))
        specification.size = size
    end
    if fallbacks then
        return hash .. ' @ ' .. tostring(size) .. ' @ ' .. fallbacks
    else
        return hash .. ' @ ' .. tostring(size)
    end
end

function constructors.setname(tfmdata,specification) -- todo: get specification from tfmdata
    if constructors.namemode == "specification" then
        -- not to be used in context !
        local specname = specification.specification
        if specname then
            tfmdata.properties.name = specname
            if trace_defining then
                report_otf("overloaded fontname %a",specname)
            end
        end
    end
end

function constructors.checkedfilename(data)
    local foundfilename = data.foundfilename
    if not foundfilename then
        local askedfilename = data.filename or ""
        if askedfilename ~= "" then
            askedfilename = resolvers.resolve(askedfilename) -- no shortcut
            foundfilename = resolvers.findbinfile(askedfilename,"") or ""
            if foundfilename == "" then
                report_defining("source file %a is not found",askedfilename)
                foundfilename = resolvers.findbinfile(file.basename(askedfilename),"") or ""
                if foundfilename ~= "" then
                    report_defining("using source file %a due to cache mismatch",foundfilename)
                end
            end
        end
        data.foundfilename = foundfilename
    end
    return foundfilename
end

local formats = allocate()
fonts.formats = formats

setmetatableindex(formats, function(t,k)
    local l = lower(k)
    if rawget(t,k) then
        t[k] = l
        return l
    end
    return rawget(t,file.suffix(l))
end)

local locations = { }

local function setindeed(mode,target,group,name,action,position)
    local t = target[mode]
    if not t then
        report_defining("fatal error in setting feature %a, group %a, mode %a",name,group,mode)
        os.exit()
    elseif position then
        -- todo: remove existing
        insert(t, position, { name = name, action = action })
    else
        for i=1,#t do
            local ti = t[i]
            if ti.name == name then
                ti.action = action
                return
            end
        end
        insert(t, { name = name, action = action })
    end
end

local function set(group,name,target,source)
    target = target[group]
    if not target then
        report_defining("fatal target error in setting feature %a, group %a",name,group)
        os.exit()
    end
    local source = source[group]
    if not source then
        report_defining("fatal source error in setting feature %a, group %a",name,group)
        os.exit()
    end
    local node     = source.node
    local base     = source.base
    local position = source.position
    if node then
        setindeed("node",target,group,name,node,position)
    end
    if base then
        setindeed("base",target,group,name,base,position)
    end
end

local function register(where,specification)
    local name = specification.name
    if name and name ~= "" then
        local default      = specification.default
        local description  = specification.description
        local initializers = specification.initializers
        local processors   = specification.processors
        local manipulators = specification.manipulators
        local modechecker  = specification.modechecker
        if default then
            where.defaults[name] = default
        end
        if description and description ~= "" then
            where.descriptions[name] = description
        end
        if initializers then
            set('initializers',name,where,specification)
        end
        if processors then
            set('processors',  name,where,specification)
        end
        if manipulators then
            set('manipulators',name,where,specification)
        end
        if modechecker then
           where.modechecker = modechecker
        end
    end
end

constructors.registerfeature = register

function constructors.getfeatureaction(what,where,mode,name)
    what = handlers[what].features
    if what then
        where = what[where]
        if where then
            mode = where[mode]
            if mode then
                for i=1,#mode do
                    local m = mode[i]
                    if m.name == name then
                        return m.action
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

function constructors.newhandler(what) -- could be a metatable newindex
    local handler = handlers[what]
    if not handler then
        handler = { }
        handlers[what] = handler
    end
    return handler
end

function constructors.newfeatures(what) -- could be a metatable newindex
    local handler = handlers[what]
    local features = handler.features
    if not features then
        local tables     = handler.tables     -- can be preloaded
        local statistics = handler.statistics -- can be preloaded
        features = allocate {
            defaults     = { },
            descriptions = tables and tables.features or { },
            used         = statistics and statistics.usedfeatures or { },
            initializers = { base = { }, node = { } },
            processors   = { base = { }, node = { } },
            manipulators = { base = { }, node = { } },
        }
        features.register = function(specification) return register(features,specification) end
        handler.features = features -- will also become hidden
    end
    return features
end

--[[ldx--
<p>We need to check for default features. For this we provide
a helper function.</p>
--ldx]]--

function constructors.checkedfeatures(what,features)
    local defaults = handlers[what].features.defaults
    if features and next(features) then
        features = fastcopy(features) -- can be inherited (mt) but then no loops possible
        for key, value in next, defaults do
            if features[key] == nil then
                features[key] = value
            end
        end
        return features
    else
        return fastcopy(defaults) -- we can change features in place
    end
end

-- before scaling

function constructors.initializefeatures(what,tfmdata,features,trace,report)
    if features and next(features) then
        local properties       = tfmdata.properties or { } -- brrr
        local whathandler      = handlers[what]
        local whatfeatures     = whathandler.features
        local whatinitializers = whatfeatures.initializers
        local whatmodechecker  = whatfeatures.modechecker
        -- properties.mode can be enforces (for instance in font-otd)
        local mode             = properties.mode or (whatmodechecker and whatmodechecker(tfmdata,features,features.mode)) or features.mode or "base"
        properties.mode        = mode -- also status
        features.mode          = mode -- both properties.mode or features.mode can be changed
        --
        local done             = { }
        while true do
            local redo = false
            local initializers = whatfeatures.initializers[mode]
            if initializers then
                for i=1,#initializers do
                    local step = initializers[i]
                    local feature = step.name
-- we could intercept mode here .. needs a rewrite of this whole loop then but it's cleaner that way
                    local value = features[feature]
                    if not value then
                        -- disabled
                    elseif done[feature] then
                        -- already done
                    else
                        local action = step.action
                        if trace then
                            report("initializing feature %a to %a for mode %a for font %a",feature,
                                value,mode,tfmdata.properties.fullname)
                        end
                        action(tfmdata,value,features) -- can set mode (e.g. goodies) so it can trigger a restart
                        if mode ~= properties.mode or mode ~= features.mode then
                            if whatmodechecker then
                                properties.mode = whatmodechecker(tfmdata,features,properties.mode) -- force checking
                                features.mode   = properties.mode
                            end
                            if mode ~= properties.mode then
                                mode = properties.mode
                                redo = true
                            end
                        end
                        done[feature] = true
                    end
                    if redo then
                        break
                    end
                end
                if not redo then
                    break
                end
            else
                break
            end
        end
        properties.mode = mode -- to be sure
        return true
    else
        return false
    end
end

-- while typesetting

function constructors.collectprocessors(what,tfmdata,features,trace,report)
    local processes, nofprocesses = { }, 0
    if features and next(features) then
        local properties     = tfmdata.properties
        local whathandler    = handlers[what]
        local whatfeatures   = whathandler.features
        local whatprocessors = whatfeatures.processors
        local mode           = properties.mode
        local processors     = whatprocessors[mode]
        if processors then
            for i=1,#processors do
                local step = processors[i]
                local feature = step.name
                if features[feature] then
                    local action = step.action
                    if trace then
                        report("installing feature processor %a for mode %a for font %a",feature,mode,tfmdata.properties.fullname)
                    end
                    if action then
                        nofprocesses = nofprocesses + 1
                        processes[nofprocesses] = action
                    end
                end
            end
        elseif trace then
            report("no feature processors for mode %a for font %a",mode,properties.fullname)
        end
    end
    return processes
end

-- after scaling

function constructors.applymanipulators(what,tfmdata,features,trace,report)
    if features and next(features) then
        local properties       = tfmdata.properties
        local whathandler      = handlers[what]
        local whatfeatures     = whathandler.features
        local whatmanipulators = whatfeatures.manipulators
        local mode             = properties.mode
        local manipulators     = whatmanipulators[mode]
        if manipulators then
            for i=1,#manipulators do
                local step = manipulators[i]
                local feature = step.name
                local value = features[feature]
                if value then
                    local action = step.action
                    if trace then
                        report("applying feature manipulator %a for mode %a for font %a",feature,mode,properties.fullname)
                    end
                    if action then
                        action(tfmdata,feature,value)
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end