summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/Master/texmf-dist/scripts/latexmk/latexmk.pl
blob: 3836525c4521da420d6cf2ae2d23bb8a5d85b027 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3391
3392
3393
3394
3395
3396
3397
3398
3399
3400
3401
3402
3403
3404
3405
3406
3407
3408
3409
3410
3411
3412
3413
3414
3415
3416
3417
3418
3419
3420
3421
3422
3423
3424
3425
3426
3427
3428
3429
3430
3431
3432
3433
3434
3435
3436
3437
3438
3439
3440
3441
3442
3443
3444
3445
3446
3447
3448
3449
3450
3451
3452
3453
3454
3455
3456
3457
3458
3459
3460
3461
3462
3463
3464
3465
3466
3467
3468
3469
3470
3471
3472
3473
3474
3475
3476
3477
3478
3479
3480
3481
3482
3483
3484
3485
3486
3487
3488
3489
3490
3491
3492
3493
3494
3495
3496
3497
3498
3499
3500
3501
3502
3503
3504
3505
3506
3507
3508
3509
3510
3511
3512
3513
3514
3515
3516
3517
3518
3519
3520
3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541
3542
3543
3544
3545
3546
3547
3548
3549
3550
3551
3552
3553
3554
3555
3556
3557
3558
3559
3560
3561
3562
3563
3564
3565
3566
3567
3568
3569
3570
3571
3572
3573
3574
3575
3576
3577
3578
3579
3580
3581
3582
3583
3584
3585
3586
3587
3588
3589
3590
3591
3592
3593
3594
3595
3596
3597
3598
3599
3600
3601
3602
3603
3604
3605
3606
3607
3608
3609
3610
3611
3612
3613
3614
3615
3616
3617
3618
3619
3620
3621
3622
3623
3624
3625
3626
3627
3628
3629
3630
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3636
3637
3638
3639
3640
3641
3642
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3649
3650
3651
3652
3653
3654
3655
3656
3657
3658
3659
3660
3661
3662
3663
3664
3665
3666
3667
3668
3669
3670
3671
3672
3673
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3680
3681
3682
3683
3684
3685
3686
3687
3688
3689
3690
3691
3692
3693
3694
3695
3696
3697
3698
3699
3700
3701
3702
3703
3704
3705
3706
3707
3708
3709
3710
3711
3712
3713
3714
3715
3716
3717
3718
3719
3720
3721
3722
3723
3724
3725
3726
3727
3728
3729
3730
3731
3732
3733
3734
3735
3736
3737
3738
3739
3740
3741
3742
3743
3744
3745
3746
3747
3748
3749
3750
3751
3752
3753
3754
3755
3756
3757
3758
3759
3760
3761
3762
3763
3764
3765
3766
3767
3768
3769
3770
3771
3772
3773
3774
3775
3776
3777
3778
3779
3780
3781
3782
3783
3784
3785
3786
3787
3788
3789
3790
3791
3792
3793
3794
3795
3796
3797
3798
3799
3800
3801
3802
3803
3804
3805
3806
3807
3808
3809
3810
3811
3812
3813
3814
3815
3816
3817
3818
3819
3820
3821
3822
3823
3824
3825
3826
3827
3828
3829
3830
3831
3832
3833
3834
3835
3836
3837
3838
3839
3840
3841
3842
3843
3844
3845
3846
3847
3848
3849
3850
3851
3852
3853
3854
3855
3856
3857
3858
3859
3860
3861
3862
3863
3864
3865
3866
3867
3868
3869
3870
3871
3872
3873
3874
3875
3876
3877
3878
3879
3880
3881
3882
3883
3884
3885
3886
3887
3888
3889
3890
3891
3892
3893
3894
3895
3896
3897
3898
3899
3900
3901
3902
3903
3904
3905
3906
3907
3908
3909
3910
3911
3912
3913
3914
3915
3916
3917
3918
3919
3920
3921
3922
3923
3924
3925
3926
3927
3928
3929
3930
3931
3932
3933
3934
3935
3936
3937
3938
3939
3940
3941
3942
3943
3944
3945
3946
3947
3948
3949
3950
3951
3952
3953
3954
3955
3956
3957
3958
3959
3960
3961
3962
3963
3964
3965
3966
3967
3968
3969
3970
3971
3972
3973
3974
3975
3976
3977
3978
3979
3980
3981
3982
3983
3984
3985
3986
3987
3988
3989
3990
3991
3992
3993
3994
3995
3996
3997
3998
3999
4000
4001
4002
4003
4004
4005
4006
4007
4008
4009
4010
4011
4012
4013
4014
4015
4016
4017
4018
4019
4020
4021
4022
4023
4024
4025
4026
4027
4028
4029
4030
4031
4032
4033
4034
4035
4036
4037
4038
4039
4040
4041
4042
4043
4044
4045
4046
4047
4048
4049
4050
4051
4052
4053
4054
4055
4056
4057
4058
4059
4060
4061
4062
4063
4064
4065
4066
4067
4068
4069
4070
4071
4072
4073
4074
4075
4076
4077
4078
4079
4080
4081
4082
4083
4084
4085
4086
4087
4088
4089
4090
4091
4092
4093
4094
4095
4096
4097
4098
4099
4100
4101
4102
4103
4104
4105
4106
4107
4108
4109
4110
4111
4112
4113
4114
4115
4116
4117
4118
4119
4120
4121
4122
4123
4124
4125
4126
4127
4128
4129
4130
4131
4132
4133
4134
4135
4136
4137
4138
4139
4140
4141
4142
4143
4144
4145
4146
4147
4148
4149
4150
4151
4152
4153
4154
4155
4156
4157
4158
4159
4160
4161
4162
4163
4164
4165
4166
4167
4168
4169
4170
4171
4172
4173
4174
4175
4176
4177
4178
4179
4180
4181
4182
4183
4184
4185
4186
4187
4188
4189
4190
4191
4192
4193
4194
4195
4196
4197
4198
4199
4200
4201
4202
4203
4204
4205
4206
4207
4208
4209
4210
4211
4212
4213
4214
4215
4216
4217
4218
4219
4220
4221
4222
4223
4224
4225
4226
4227
4228
4229
4230
4231
4232
4233
4234
4235
4236
4237
4238
4239
4240
4241
4242
4243
4244
4245
4246
4247
4248
4249
4250
4251
4252
4253
4254
4255
4256
4257
4258
4259
4260
4261
4262
4263
4264
4265
4266
4267
4268
4269
4270
4271
4272
4273
4274
4275
4276
4277
4278
4279
4280
4281
4282
4283
4284
4285
4286
4287
4288
4289
4290
4291
4292
4293
4294
4295
4296
4297
4298
4299
4300
4301
4302
4303
4304
4305
4306
4307
4308
4309
4310
4311
4312
4313
4314
4315
4316
4317
4318
4319
4320
4321
4322
4323
4324
4325
4326
4327
4328
4329
4330
4331
4332
4333
4334
4335
4336
4337
4338
4339
4340
4341
4342
4343
4344
4345
4346
4347
4348
4349
4350
4351
4352
4353
4354
4355
4356
4357
4358
4359
4360
4361
4362
4363
4364
4365
4366
4367
4368
4369
4370
4371
4372
4373
4374
4375
4376
4377
4378
4379
4380
4381
4382
4383
4384
4385
4386
4387
4388
4389
4390
4391
4392
4393
4394
4395
4396
4397
4398
4399
4400
4401
4402
4403
4404
4405
4406
4407
4408
4409
4410
4411
4412
4413
4414
4415
4416
4417
4418
4419
4420
4421
4422
4423
4424
4425
4426
4427
4428
4429
4430
4431
4432
4433
4434
4435
4436
4437
4438
4439
4440
4441
4442
4443
4444
4445
4446
4447
4448
4449
4450
4451
4452
4453
4454
4455
4456
4457
4458
4459
4460
4461
4462
4463
4464
4465
4466
4467
4468
4469
4470
4471
4472
4473
4474
4475
4476
4477
4478
4479
4480
4481
4482
4483
4484
4485
4486
4487
4488
4489
4490
4491
4492
4493
4494
4495
4496
4497
4498
4499
4500
4501
4502
4503
4504
4505
4506
4507
4508
4509
4510
4511
4512
4513
4514
4515
4516
4517
4518
4519
4520
4521
4522
4523
4524
4525
4526
4527
4528
4529
4530
4531
4532
4533
4534
4535
4536
4537
4538
4539
4540
4541
4542
4543
4544
4545
4546
4547
4548
4549
4550
4551
4552
4553
4554
4555
4556
4557
4558
4559
4560
4561
4562
4563
4564
4565
4566
4567
4568
4569
4570
4571
4572
4573
4574
4575
4576
4577
4578
4579
4580
4581
4582
4583
4584
4585
4586
4587
4588
4589
4590
4591
4592
4593
4594
4595
4596
4597
4598
4599
4600
4601
4602
4603
4604
4605
4606
4607
4608
4609
4610
4611
4612
4613
4614
4615
4616
4617
4618
4619
4620
4621
4622
4623
4624
4625
4626
4627
4628
4629
4630
4631
4632
4633
4634
4635
4636
4637
4638
4639
4640
4641
4642
4643
4644
4645
4646
4647
4648
4649
4650
4651
4652
4653
4654
4655
4656
4657
4658
4659
4660
4661
4662
4663
4664
4665
4666
4667
4668
4669
4670
4671
4672
4673
4674
4675
4676
4677
4678
4679
4680
4681
4682
4683
4684
4685
4686
4687
4688
4689
4690
4691
4692
4693
4694
4695
4696
4697
4698
4699
4700
4701
4702
4703
4704
4705
4706
4707
4708
4709
4710
4711
4712
4713
4714
4715
4716
4717
4718
4719
4720
4721
4722
4723
4724
4725
4726
4727
4728
4729
4730
4731
4732
4733
4734
4735
4736
4737
4738
4739
4740
4741
4742
4743
4744
4745
4746
4747
4748
4749
4750
4751
4752
4753
4754
4755
4756
4757
4758
4759
4760
4761
4762
4763
4764
4765
4766
4767
4768
4769
4770
4771
4772
4773
4774
4775
4776
4777
4778
4779
4780
4781
4782
4783
4784
4785
4786
4787
4788
4789
4790
4791
4792
4793
4794
4795
4796
4797
4798
4799
4800
4801
4802
4803
4804
4805
4806
4807
4808
4809
4810
4811
4812
4813
4814
4815
4816
4817
4818
4819
4820
4821
4822
4823
4824
4825
4826
4827
4828
4829
4830
4831
4832
4833
4834
4835
4836
4837
4838
4839
4840
4841
4842
4843
4844
4845
4846
4847
4848
4849
4850
4851
4852
4853
4854
4855
4856
4857
4858
4859
4860
4861
4862
4863
4864
4865
4866
4867
4868
4869
4870
4871
4872
4873
4874
4875
4876
4877
4878
4879
4880
4881
4882
4883
4884
4885
4886
4887
4888
4889
4890
4891
4892
4893
4894
4895
4896
4897
4898
4899
4900
4901
4902
4903
4904
4905
4906
4907
4908
4909
4910
4911
4912
4913
4914
4915
4916
4917
4918
4919
4920
4921
4922
4923
4924
4925
4926
4927
4928
4929
4930
4931
4932
4933
4934
4935
4936
4937
4938
4939
4940
4941
4942
4943
4944
4945
4946
4947
4948
4949
4950
4951
4952
4953
4954
4955
4956
4957
4958
4959
4960
4961
4962
4963
4964
4965
4966
4967
4968
4969
4970
4971
4972
4973
4974
4975
4976
4977
4978
4979
4980
4981
4982
4983
4984
4985
4986
4987
4988
4989
4990
4991
4992
4993
4994
4995
4996
4997
4998
4999
5000
5001
5002
5003
5004
5005
5006
5007
5008
5009
5010
5011
5012
5013
5014
5015
5016
5017
5018
5019
5020
5021
5022
5023
5024
5025
5026
5027
5028
5029
5030
5031
5032
5033
5034
5035
5036
5037
5038
5039
5040
5041
5042
5043
5044
5045
5046
5047
5048
5049
5050
5051
5052
5053
5054
5055
5056
5057
5058
5059
5060
5061
5062
5063
5064
5065
5066
5067
5068
5069
5070
5071
5072
5073
5074
5075
5076
5077
5078
5079
5080
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
5087
5088
5089
5090
5091
5092
5093
5094
5095
5096
5097
5098
5099
5100
5101
5102
5103
5104
5105
5106
5107
5108
5109
5110
5111
5112
5113
5114
5115
5116
5117
5118
5119
5120
5121
5122
5123
5124
5125
5126
5127
5128
5129
5130
5131
5132
5133
5134
5135
5136
5137
5138
5139
5140
5141
5142
5143
5144
5145
5146
5147
5148
5149
5150
5151
5152
5153
5154
5155
5156
5157
5158
5159
5160
5161
5162
5163
5164
5165
5166
5167
5168
5169
5170
5171
5172
5173
5174
5175
5176
5177
5178
5179
5180
5181
5182
5183
5184
5185
5186
5187
5188
5189
5190
5191
5192
5193
5194
5195
5196
5197
5198
5199
5200
5201
5202
5203
5204
5205
5206
5207
5208
5209
5210
5211
5212
5213
5214
5215
5216
5217
5218
5219
5220
5221
5222
5223
5224
5225
5226
5227
5228
5229
5230
5231
5232
5233
5234
5235
5236
5237
5238
5239
5240
5241
5242
5243
5244
5245
5246
5247
5248
5249
5250
5251
5252
5253
5254
5255
5256
5257
5258
5259
5260
5261
5262
5263
5264
5265
5266
5267
5268
5269
5270
5271
5272
5273
5274
5275
5276
5277
5278
5279
5280
5281
5282
5283
5284
5285
5286
5287
5288
5289
5290
5291
5292
5293
5294
5295
5296
5297
5298
5299
5300
5301
5302
5303
5304
5305
5306
5307
5308
5309
5310
5311
5312
5313
5314
5315
5316
5317
5318
5319
5320
5321
5322
5323
5324
5325
5326
5327
5328
5329
5330
5331
5332
5333
5334
5335
5336
5337
5338
5339
5340
5341
5342
5343
5344
5345
5346
5347
5348
5349
5350
5351
5352
5353
5354
5355
5356
5357
5358
5359
5360
5361
5362
5363
5364
5365
5366
5367
5368
5369
5370
5371
5372
5373
5374
5375
5376
5377
5378
5379
5380
5381
5382
5383
5384
5385
5386
5387
5388
5389
5390
5391
5392
5393
5394
5395
5396
5397
5398
5399
5400
5401
5402
5403
5404
5405
5406
5407
5408
5409
5410
5411
5412
5413
5414
5415
5416
5417
5418
5419
5420
5421
5422
5423
5424
5425
5426
5427
5428
5429
5430
5431
5432
5433
5434
5435
5436
5437
5438
5439
5440
5441
5442
5443
5444
5445
5446
5447
5448
5449
5450
5451
5452
5453
5454
5455
5456
5457
5458
5459
5460
5461
5462
5463
5464
5465
5466
5467
5468
5469
5470
5471
5472
5473
5474
5475
5476
5477
5478
5479
5480
5481
5482
5483
5484
5485
5486
5487
5488
5489
5490
5491
5492
5493
5494
5495
5496
5497
5498
5499
5500
5501
5502
5503
5504
5505
5506
5507
5508
5509
5510
5511
5512
5513
5514
5515
5516
5517
5518
5519
5520
5521
5522
5523
5524
5525
5526
5527
5528
5529
5530
5531
5532
5533
5534
5535
5536
5537
5538
5539
5540
5541
5542
5543
5544
5545
5546
5547
5548
5549
5550
5551
5552
5553
5554
5555
5556
5557
5558
5559
5560
5561
5562
5563
5564
5565
5566
5567
5568
5569
5570
5571
5572
5573
5574
5575
5576
5577
5578
5579
5580
5581
5582
5583
5584
5585
5586
5587
5588
5589
5590
5591
5592
5593
5594
5595
5596
5597
5598
5599
5600
5601
5602
5603
5604
5605
5606
5607
5608
5609
5610
5611
5612
5613
5614
5615
5616
5617
5618
5619
5620
5621
5622
5623
5624
5625
5626
5627
5628
5629
5630
5631
5632
5633
5634
5635
5636
5637
5638
5639
5640
5641
5642
5643
5644
5645
5646
5647
5648
5649
5650
5651
5652
5653
5654
5655
5656
5657
5658
5659
5660
5661
5662
5663
5664
5665
5666
5667
5668
5669
5670
5671
5672
5673
5674
5675
5676
5677
5678
5679
5680
5681
5682
5683
5684
5685
5686
5687
5688
5689
5690
5691
5692
5693
5694
5695
5696
5697
5698
5699
5700
5701
5702
5703
5704
5705
5706
5707
5708
5709
5710
5711
5712
5713
5714
5715
5716
5717
5718
5719
5720
5721
5722
5723
5724
5725
5726
5727
5728
5729
5730
5731
5732
5733
5734
5735
5736
5737
5738
5739
5740
5741
5742
5743
5744
5745
5746
5747
5748
5749
5750
5751
5752
5753
5754
5755
5756
5757
5758
5759
5760
5761
5762
5763
5764
5765
5766
5767
5768
5769
5770
5771
5772
5773
5774
5775
5776
5777
5778
5779
5780
5781
5782
5783
5784
5785
5786
5787
5788
5789
5790
5791
5792
5793
5794
5795
5796
5797
5798
5799
5800
5801
5802
5803
5804
5805
5806
5807
5808
5809
5810
5811
5812
5813
5814
5815
5816
5817
5818
5819
5820
5821
5822
5823
5824
5825
5826
5827
5828
5829
5830
5831
5832
5833
5834
5835
5836
5837
5838
5839
5840
5841
5842
5843
5844
5845
5846
5847
5848
5849
5850
5851
5852
5853
5854
5855
5856
5857
5858
5859
5860
5861
5862
5863
5864
5865
5866
5867
5868
5869
5870
5871
5872
5873
5874
5875
5876
5877
5878
5879
5880
5881
5882
5883
5884
5885
5886
5887
5888
5889
5890
5891
5892
5893
5894
5895
5896
5897
5898
5899
5900
5901
5902
5903
5904
5905
5906
5907
5908
5909
5910
5911
5912
5913
5914
5915
5916
5917
5918
5919
5920
5921
5922
5923
5924
5925
5926
5927
5928
5929
5930
5931
5932
5933
5934
5935
5936
5937
5938
5939
5940
5941
5942
5943
5944
5945
5946
5947
5948
5949
5950
5951
5952
5953
5954
5955
5956
5957
5958
5959
5960
5961
5962
5963
5964
5965
5966
5967
5968
5969
5970
5971
5972
5973
5974
5975
5976
5977
5978
5979
5980
5981
5982
5983
5984
5985
5986
5987
5988
5989
5990
5991
5992
5993
5994
5995
5996
5997
5998
5999
6000
6001
6002
6003
6004
6005
6006
6007
6008
6009
6010
6011
6012
6013
6014
6015
6016
6017
6018
6019
6020
6021
6022
6023
6024
6025
6026
6027
6028
6029
6030
6031
6032
6033
6034
6035
6036
6037
6038
6039
6040
6041
6042
6043
6044
6045
6046
6047
6048
6049
6050
6051
6052
6053
6054
6055
6056
6057
6058
6059
6060
6061
6062
6063
6064
6065
6066
6067
6068
6069
6070
6071
6072
6073
6074
6075
6076
6077
6078
6079
6080
6081
6082
6083
6084
6085
6086
6087
6088
6089
6090
6091
6092
6093
6094
6095
6096
6097
6098
6099
6100
6101
6102
6103
6104
6105
6106
6107
6108
6109
6110
6111
6112
6113
6114
6115
6116
6117
6118
6119
6120
6121
6122
6123
6124
6125
6126
6127
6128
6129
6130
6131
6132
6133
6134
6135
6136
6137
6138
6139
6140
6141
6142
6143
6144
6145
6146
6147
6148
6149
6150
6151
6152
6153
6154
6155
6156
6157
6158
6159
6160
6161
6162
6163
6164
6165
6166
6167
6168
6169
6170
6171
6172
6173
6174
6175
6176
6177
6178
6179
6180
6181
6182
6183
6184
6185
6186
6187
6188
6189
6190
6191
6192
6193
6194
6195
6196
6197
6198
6199
6200
6201
6202
6203
6204
6205
6206
6207
6208
6209
6210
6211
6212
6213
6214
6215
6216
6217
6218
6219
6220
6221
6222
6223
6224
6225
6226
6227
6228
6229
6230
6231
6232
6233
6234
6235
6236
6237
6238
6239
6240
6241
6242
6243
6244
6245
6246
6247
6248
6249
6250
6251
6252
6253
6254
6255
6256
6257
6258
6259
6260
6261
6262
6263
6264
6265
6266
6267
6268
6269
6270
6271
6272
6273
6274
6275
6276
6277
6278
6279
6280
6281
6282
6283
6284
6285
6286
6287
6288
6289
6290
6291
6292
6293
6294
6295
6296
6297
6298
6299
6300
6301
6302
6303
6304
6305
6306
6307
6308
6309
6310
6311
6312
6313
6314
6315
6316
6317
6318
6319
6320
6321
6322
6323
6324
6325
6326
6327
6328
6329
6330
6331
6332
6333
6334
6335
6336
6337
6338
6339
6340
6341
6342
6343
6344
6345
6346
6347
6348
6349
6350
6351
6352
6353
6354
6355
6356
6357
6358
6359
6360
6361
6362
6363
6364
6365
6366
6367
6368
6369
6370
6371
6372
6373
6374
6375
6376
6377
6378
6379
6380
6381
6382
6383
6384
6385
6386
6387
6388
6389
6390
6391
6392
6393
6394
6395
6396
6397
6398
6399
6400
6401
6402
6403
6404
6405
6406
6407
6408
6409
6410
6411
6412
6413
6414
6415
6416
6417
6418
6419
6420
6421
6422
6423
6424
6425
6426
6427
6428
6429
6430
6431
6432
6433
6434
6435
6436
6437
6438
6439
6440
6441
6442
6443
6444
6445
6446
6447
6448
6449
6450
6451
6452
6453
6454
6455
6456
6457
6458
6459
6460
6461
6462
6463
6464
6465
6466
6467
6468
6469
6470
6471
6472
6473
6474
6475
6476
6477
6478
6479
6480
6481
6482
6483
6484
6485
6486
6487
6488
6489
6490
6491
6492
6493
6494
6495
6496
6497
6498
6499
6500
6501
6502
6503
6504
6505
6506
6507
6508
6509
6510
6511
6512
6513
6514
6515
6516
6517
6518
6519
6520
6521
6522
6523
6524
6525
6526
6527
6528
6529
6530
6531
6532
6533
6534
6535
6536
6537
6538
6539
6540
6541
6542
6543
6544
6545
6546
6547
6548
6549
6550
6551
6552
6553
6554
6555
6556
6557
6558
6559
6560
6561
6562
6563
6564
6565
6566
6567
6568
6569
6570
6571
6572
6573
6574
6575
6576
6577
6578
6579
6580
6581
6582
6583
6584
6585
6586
6587
6588
6589
6590
6591
6592
6593
6594
6595
6596
6597
6598
6599
6600
6601
6602
6603
6604
6605
6606
6607
6608
6609
6610
6611
6612
6613
6614
6615
6616
6617
6618
6619
6620
6621
6622
6623
6624
6625
6626
6627
6628
6629
6630
6631
6632
6633
6634
6635
6636
6637
6638
6639
6640
6641
6642
6643
6644
6645
6646
6647
6648
6649
6650
6651
6652
6653
6654
6655
6656
6657
6658
6659
6660
6661
6662
6663
6664
6665
6666
6667
6668
6669
6670
6671
6672
6673
6674
6675
6676
6677
6678
6679
6680
6681
6682
6683
6684
6685
6686
6687
6688
6689
6690
6691
6692
6693
6694
6695
6696
6697
6698
6699
6700
6701
6702
6703
6704
6705
6706
6707
6708
6709
6710
6711
6712
6713
6714
6715
6716
6717
6718
6719
6720
6721
6722
6723
6724
6725
6726
6727
6728
6729
6730
6731
6732
6733
6734
6735
6736
6737
6738
6739
6740
6741
6742
6743
6744
6745
6746
6747
6748
6749
6750
6751
6752
6753
6754
6755
6756
6757
6758
6759
6760
6761
6762
6763
6764
6765
6766
6767
6768
6769
6770
6771
6772
6773
6774
6775
6776
6777
6778
6779
6780
6781
6782
6783
6784
6785
6786
6787
6788
6789
6790
6791
6792
6793
6794
6795
6796
6797
6798
6799
6800
6801
6802
6803
6804
6805
6806
6807
6808
6809
6810
6811
6812
6813
6814
6815
6816
6817
6818
6819
6820
6821
6822
6823
6824
6825
6826
6827
6828
6829
6830
6831
6832
6833
6834
6835
6836
6837
6838
6839
6840
6841
6842
6843
6844
6845
6846
6847
6848
6849
6850
6851
6852
6853
6854
6855
6856
6857
6858
6859
6860
6861
6862
6863
6864
6865
6866
6867
6868
6869
6870
6871
6872
6873
6874
6875
6876
6877
6878
6879
6880
6881
6882
6883
6884
6885
6886
6887
6888
6889
6890
6891
6892
6893
6894
6895
6896
6897
6898
6899
6900
6901
6902
6903
6904
6905
6906
6907
6908
6909
6910
6911
6912
6913
6914
6915
6916
6917
6918
6919
6920
6921
6922
6923
6924
6925
6926
6927
6928
6929
6930
6931
6932
6933
6934
6935
6936
6937
6938
6939
6940
6941
6942
6943
6944
6945
6946
6947
6948
6949
6950
6951
6952
6953
6954
6955
6956
6957
6958
6959
6960
6961
6962
6963
6964
6965
6966
6967
6968
6969
6970
6971
6972
6973
6974
6975
6976
6977
6978
6979
6980
6981
6982
6983
6984
6985
6986
6987
6988
6989
6990
6991
6992
6993
6994
6995
6996
6997
6998
6999
7000
7001
7002
7003
7004
7005
7006
7007
7008
7009
7010
7011
7012
7013
7014
7015
7016
7017
7018
7019
7020
7021
7022
7023
7024
7025
7026
7027
7028
7029
7030
7031
7032
7033
7034
7035
7036
7037
7038
7039
7040
7041
7042
7043
7044
7045
7046
7047
7048
7049
7050
7051
7052
7053
7054
7055
7056
7057
7058
7059
7060
7061
7062
7063
7064
7065
7066
7067
7068
7069
7070
7071
7072
7073
7074
7075
7076
7077
7078
7079
7080
7081
7082
7083
7084
7085
7086
7087
7088
7089
7090
7091
7092
7093
7094
7095
7096
7097
7098
7099
7100
7101
7102
7103
7104
7105
7106
7107
7108
7109
7110
7111
7112
7113
7114
7115
7116
7117
7118
7119
7120
7121
7122
7123
7124
7125
7126
7127
7128
7129
7130
7131
7132
7133
7134
7135
7136
7137
7138
7139
7140
7141
7142
7143
7144
7145
7146
7147
7148
7149
7150
7151
7152
7153
7154
7155
7156
7157
7158
7159
7160
7161
7162
7163
7164
7165
7166
7167
7168
7169
7170
7171
7172
7173
7174
7175
7176
7177
7178
7179
7180
7181
7182
7183
7184
7185
7186
7187
7188
7189
7190
7191
7192
7193
7194
7195
7196
7197
7198
7199
7200
7201
7202
7203
7204
7205
7206
7207
7208
7209
7210
7211
7212
7213
7214
7215
7216
7217
7218
7219
7220
7221
7222
7223
7224
7225
7226
7227
7228
7229
7230
7231
7232
7233
7234
7235
7236
7237
7238
7239
7240
7241
7242
7243
7244
7245
7246
7247
7248
7249
7250
7251
7252
7253
7254
7255
7256
7257
7258
7259
7260
7261
7262
7263
7264
7265
7266
7267
7268
7269
7270
7271
7272
7273
7274
7275
7276
7277
7278
7279
7280
7281
7282
7283
7284
7285
7286
7287
7288
7289
7290
7291
7292
7293
7294
7295
7296
7297
7298
7299
7300
7301
7302
7303
7304
7305
7306
7307
7308
7309
7310
7311
7312
7313
7314
7315
7316
7317
7318
7319
7320
7321
7322
7323
7324
7325
7326
7327
7328
7329
7330
7331
7332
7333
7334
7335
7336
7337
7338
7339
7340
7341
7342
7343
7344
7345
7346
7347
7348
7349
7350
7351
7352
7353
7354
7355
7356
7357
7358
7359
7360
7361
7362
7363
7364
7365
7366
7367
7368
7369
7370
7371
7372
7373
7374
7375
7376
7377
7378
7379
7380
7381
7382
7383
7384
7385
7386
7387
7388
7389
7390
7391
7392
7393
7394
7395
7396
7397
7398
7399
7400
7401
7402
7403
7404
7405
7406
7407
7408
7409
7410
7411
7412
7413
7414
7415
7416
7417
7418
7419
7420
7421
7422
7423
7424
7425
7426
7427
7428
7429
7430
7431
7432
7433
7434
7435
7436
7437
7438
7439
7440
7441
7442
7443
7444
7445
7446
7447
7448
7449
7450
7451
7452
7453
7454
7455
7456
7457
7458
7459
7460
7461
7462
7463
7464
7465
7466
7467
7468
7469
7470
7471
7472
7473
7474
7475
7476
7477
7478
7479
7480
7481
7482
7483
7484
7485
7486
7487
7488
7489
7490
7491
7492
7493
7494
7495
7496
7497
7498
7499
7500
7501
7502
7503
7504
7505
7506
7507
7508
7509
7510
7511
7512
7513
7514
7515
7516
7517
7518
7519
7520
7521
7522
7523
7524
7525
7526
7527
7528
7529
7530
7531
7532
7533
7534
7535
7536
7537
7538
7539
7540
7541
7542
7543
7544
7545
7546
7547
7548
7549
7550
7551
7552
7553
7554
7555
7556
7557
7558
7559
7560
7561
7562
7563
7564
7565
7566
7567
7568
7569
7570
7571
7572
7573
7574
7575
7576
7577
7578
7579
7580
7581
7582
7583
7584
7585
7586
7587
7588
7589
7590
7591
7592
7593
7594
7595
7596
7597
7598
7599
7600
7601
7602
7603
7604
7605
7606
7607
7608
7609
7610
7611
7612
7613
7614
7615
7616
7617
7618
7619
7620
7621
7622
7623
7624
7625
7626
7627
7628
7629
7630
7631
7632
7633
7634
7635
7636
7637
7638
7639
7640
7641
7642
7643
7644
7645
7646
7647
7648
7649
7650
7651
7652
7653
7654
7655
7656
7657
7658
7659
7660
7661
7662
7663
7664
7665
7666
7667
7668
7669
7670
7671
7672
7673
7674
7675
7676
7677
7678
7679
7680
7681
7682
7683
7684
7685
7686
7687
7688
7689
7690
7691
7692
7693
7694
7695
7696
7697
7698
7699
7700
7701
7702
7703
7704
7705
7706
7707
7708
7709
7710
7711
7712
7713
7714
7715
7716
7717
7718
7719
7720
7721
7722
7723
7724
7725
7726
7727
7728
7729
7730
7731
7732
7733
7734
7735
7736
7737
7738
7739
7740
7741
7742
7743
7744
7745
7746
7747
7748
7749
7750
7751
7752
7753
7754
7755
7756
7757
7758
7759
7760
7761
7762
7763
7764
7765
7766
7767
7768
7769
7770
7771
7772
7773
7774
7775
7776
7777
7778
7779
7780
7781
7782
7783
7784
7785
7786
7787
7788
7789
7790
7791
7792
7793
7794
7795
7796
7797
7798
7799
7800
7801
7802
7803
7804
7805
7806
7807
7808
7809
7810
7811
7812
7813
7814
7815
7816
7817
7818
7819
7820
7821
7822
7823
7824
7825
7826
7827
7828
7829
7830
7831
7832
7833
7834
7835
7836
7837
7838
7839
7840
7841
7842
7843
7844
7845
7846
7847
7848
7849
7850
7851
7852
7853
7854
7855
7856
7857
7858
7859
7860
7861
7862
7863
7864
7865
7866
7867
7868
7869
7870
7871
7872
7873
7874
7875
7876
7877
7878
7879
7880
7881
7882
7883
7884
7885
7886
7887
7888
7889
7890
7891
7892
7893
7894
7895
7896
7897
7898
7899
7900
7901
7902
7903
7904
7905
7906
7907
7908
7909
7910
7911
7912
7913
7914
7915
7916
7917
7918
7919
7920
7921
7922
7923
7924
7925
7926
7927
7928
7929
7930
7931
7932
7933
7934
7935
7936
7937
7938
7939
7940
7941
7942
7943
7944
7945
7946
7947
7948
7949
7950
7951
7952
7953
7954
7955
7956
7957
7958
7959
7960
7961
7962
7963
7964
7965
7966
7967
7968
7969
7970
7971
7972
7973
7974
7975
7976
7977
7978
7979
7980
7981
7982
7983
7984
7985
7986
7987
7988
7989
7990
7991
7992
7993
7994
7995
7996
7997
7998
7999
8000
8001
8002
8003
8004
8005
8006
8007
8008
8009
8010
8011
8012
8013
8014
8015
8016
8017
8018
8019
8020
8021
8022
8023
8024
8025
8026
8027
8028
8029
8030
8031
8032
8033
8034
8035
8036
8037
8038
8039
8040
8041
8042
8043
8044
8045
8046
8047
8048
8049
8050
8051
8052
8053
8054
8055
8056
8057
8058
8059
8060
8061
8062
8063
8064
8065
8066
8067
8068
8069
8070
8071
8072
8073
8074
8075
8076
8077
8078
8079
8080
8081
8082
8083
8084
8085
8086
8087
8088
8089
8090
8091
8092
8093
8094
8095
8096
8097
8098
8099
8100
8101
8102
8103
8104
8105
8106
8107
8108
8109
8110
8111
8112
8113
8114
8115
8116
8117
8118
8119
8120
8121
8122
8123
8124
8125
8126
8127
8128
8129
8130
8131
8132
8133
8134
8135
8136
8137
8138
8139
8140
8141
8142
8143
8144
8145
8146
8147
8148
8149
8150
8151
8152
8153
8154
8155
8156
8157
8158
8159
8160
8161
8162
8163
8164
8165
8166
8167
8168
8169
8170
8171
8172
8173
8174
8175
8176
8177
8178
8179
8180
8181
8182
8183
8184
8185
8186
8187
8188
8189
8190
8191
8192
8193
8194
8195
8196
8197
8198
8199
8200
8201
8202
8203
8204
8205
8206
8207
8208
8209
8210
8211
8212
8213
8214
8215
8216
8217
8218
8219
8220
8221
8222
8223
8224
8225
8226
8227
8228
8229
8230
8231
8232
8233
8234
8235
8236
8237
8238
8239
8240
8241
8242
8243
8244
8245
8246
8247
8248
8249
8250
8251
8252
8253
8254
8255
8256
8257
8258
8259
8260
8261
8262
8263
8264
8265
8266
8267
8268
8269
8270
8271
8272
8273
8274
8275
8276
8277
8278
8279
8280
8281
8282
8283
8284
8285
8286
8287
8288
8289
8290
8291
8292
8293
8294
8295
8296
8297
8298
8299
8300
8301
8302
8303
8304
8305
8306
8307
8308
8309
8310
8311
8312
8313
8314
8315
8316
8317
8318
8319
8320
8321
8322
8323
8324
8325
8326
8327
8328
8329
8330
8331
8332
8333
8334
8335
8336
8337
8338
8339
8340
8341
8342
8343
8344
8345
8346
8347
8348
8349
8350
8351
8352
8353
8354
8355
8356
8357
8358
8359
8360
8361
8362
8363
8364
8365
8366
8367
8368
8369
8370
8371
8372
8373
8374
8375
8376
8377
8378
8379
8380
8381
8382
8383
8384
8385
8386
8387
8388
8389
8390
8391
8392
8393
8394
8395
8396
8397
8398
8399
8400
8401
8402
8403
8404
8405
8406
8407
8408
8409
8410
8411
8412
8413
8414
8415
8416
8417
8418
8419
8420
8421
8422
8423
8424
8425
8426
8427
8428
8429
8430
8431
8432
8433
8434
8435
8436
8437
8438
8439
8440
8441
8442
8443
8444
8445
8446
8447
8448
8449
8450
8451
8452
8453
8454
8455
8456
8457
8458
8459
8460
8461
8462
8463
8464
8465
8466
8467
8468
8469
8470
8471
8472
8473
8474
8475
8476
8477
8478
8479
8480
8481
8482
8483
8484
8485
8486
8487
8488
8489
8490
8491
8492
8493
8494
8495
8496
8497
8498
8499
8500
8501
8502
8503
8504
8505
8506
8507
8508
8509
8510
8511
8512
8513
8514
8515
8516
8517
8518
8519
8520
8521
8522
8523
8524
8525
8526
8527
8528
8529
8530
8531
8532
8533
8534
8535
8536
8537
8538
8539
8540
8541
8542
8543
8544
8545
8546
8547
8548
8549
8550
8551
8552
8553
8554
8555
8556
8557
8558
8559
8560
8561
8562
8563
8564
8565
8566
8567
8568
8569
8570
8571
8572
8573
8574
8575
8576
8577
8578
8579
8580
8581
8582
8583
8584
8585
8586
8587
8588
8589
8590
8591
8592
8593
8594
8595
8596
8597
8598
8599
8600
8601
8602
8603
8604
8605
8606
8607
8608
8609
8610
8611
8612
8613
8614
8615
8616
8617
8618
8619
8620
8621
8622
8623
8624
8625
8626
8627
8628
8629
8630
8631
8632
8633
8634
8635
8636
8637
8638
8639
8640
8641
8642
8643
8644
8645
8646
8647
8648
8649
8650
8651
8652
8653
8654
8655
8656
8657
8658
8659
8660
8661
8662
8663
8664
8665
8666
8667
8668
8669
8670
8671
8672
8673
8674
8675
8676
8677
8678
8679
8680
8681
8682
8683
8684
8685
8686
8687
8688
8689
8690
8691
8692
8693
8694
8695
8696
8697
8698
8699
8700
8701
8702
8703
8704
8705
8706
8707
8708
8709
8710
8711
8712
8713
8714
8715
8716
8717
8718
8719
8720
8721
8722
8723
8724
8725
8726
8727
8728
8729
8730
8731
8732
8733
8734
8735
8736
8737
8738
8739
8740
8741
8742
8743
8744
8745
8746
8747
8748
8749
8750
8751
8752
8753
8754
8755
8756
8757
8758
8759
8760
8761
8762
8763
8764
8765
8766
8767
8768
8769
8770
8771
8772
8773
8774
8775
8776
8777
8778
8779
8780
8781
8782
8783
8784
8785
8786
8787
8788
8789
8790
8791
8792
8793
8794
8795
8796
8797
8798
8799
8800
8801
8802
8803
8804
8805
8806
8807
8808
8809
8810
8811
8812
8813
8814
8815
8816
8817
8818
8819
8820
8821
8822
8823
8824
8825
8826
8827
8828
8829
8830
8831
8832
8833
8834
8835
8836
8837
8838
8839
8840
8841
8842
8843
8844
8845
8846
8847
8848
8849
8850
8851
8852
8853
8854
8855
8856
8857
8858
8859
8860
8861
8862
8863
8864
8865
8866
8867
8868
8869
8870
8871
8872
8873
8874
8875
8876
8877
8878
8879
8880
8881
8882
8883
8884
8885
8886
8887
8888
8889
8890
8891
8892
8893
8894
8895
8896
8897
8898
8899
8900
8901
8902
8903
8904
8905
8906
8907
8908
8909
8910
8911
8912
8913
8914
8915
8916
8917
8918
8919
8920
8921
8922
8923
8924
8925
8926
8927
8928
8929
8930
8931
8932
8933
8934
8935
8936
8937
8938
8939
8940
8941
8942
8943
8944
8945
8946
8947
8948
8949
8950
8951
8952
8953
8954
8955
8956
8957
8958
8959
8960
8961
8962
8963
8964
8965
8966
8967
8968
8969
8970
8971
8972
8973
8974
8975
8976
8977
8978
8979
8980
8981
8982
8983
8984
8985
8986
8987
8988
8989
8990
8991
8992
8993
8994
8995
8996
8997
8998
8999
9000
9001
9002
9003
9004
9005
9006
9007
9008
9009
9010
9011
9012
9013
9014
9015
9016
9017
9018
9019
9020
9021
9022
9023
9024
9025
9026
9027
9028
9029
9030
9031
9032
9033
9034
9035
9036
9037
9038
9039
9040
9041
9042
9043
9044
9045
9046
9047
9048
9049
9050
9051
9052
9053
9054
9055
9056
9057
9058
9059
9060
9061
9062
9063
9064
9065
9066
9067
9068
9069
9070
9071
9072
9073
9074
9075
9076
9077
9078
9079
9080
9081
9082
9083
9084
9085
9086
9087
9088
9089
9090
9091
9092
9093
9094
9095
9096
9097
9098
9099
9100
9101
9102
9103
9104
9105
9106
9107
9108
9109
9110
9111
9112
9113
9114
9115
9116
9117
9118
9119
9120
9121
9122
9123
9124
9125
9126
9127
9128
9129
9130
9131
9132
9133
9134
9135
9136
9137
9138
9139
9140
9141
9142
9143
9144
9145
9146
9147
9148
9149
9150
9151
9152
9153
9154
9155
9156
9157
9158
9159
9160
9161
9162
9163
9164
9165
9166
9167
9168
9169
9170
9171
9172
9173
9174
9175
9176
9177
9178
9179
9180
9181
9182
9183
9184
9185
9186
9187
9188
9189
9190
9191
9192
9193
9194
9195
9196
9197
9198
9199
9200
9201
9202
9203
9204
9205
9206
9207
9208
9209
9210
9211
9212
9213
9214
9215
9216
9217
9218
9219
9220
9221
9222
9223
9224
9225
9226
9227
9228
9229
9230
9231
9232
9233
9234
9235
9236
9237
9238
9239
9240
9241
9242
9243
9244
9245
9246
9247
9248
9249
9250
9251
9252
9253
9254
9255
9256
9257
9258
9259
9260
9261
9262
9263
9264
9265
9266
9267
9268
9269
9270
9271
9272
9273
9274
9275
9276
9277
9278
9279
9280
9281
9282
9283
9284
9285
9286
9287
9288
9289
9290
9291
9292
9293
9294
9295
9296
9297
9298
9299
9300
9301
9302
9303
9304
9305
9306
9307
9308
9309
9310
9311
9312
9313
9314
9315
9316
9317
9318
9319
9320
9321
9322
9323
9324
9325
9326
9327
9328
9329
9330
9331
9332
9333
9334
9335
9336
9337
9338
9339
9340
9341
9342
9343
9344
9345
9346
9347
9348
9349
9350
9351
9352
9353
9354
9355
9356
9357
9358
9359
9360
9361
9362
9363
9364
9365
9366
9367
9368
9369
9370
9371
9372
9373
9374
9375
9376
9377
9378
9379
9380
9381
9382
9383
9384
9385
9386
9387
9388
9389
9390
9391
9392
9393
9394
9395
9396
9397
9398
9399
9400
9401
9402
9403
9404
9405
9406
9407
9408
9409
9410
9411
9412
9413
9414
9415
9416
9417
9418
9419
9420
9421
9422
9423
9424
9425
9426
9427
9428
9429
9430
9431
9432
9433
9434
9435
9436
9437
9438
9439
9440
9441
9442
9443
9444
9445
9446
9447
9448
9449
9450
9451
9452
9453
9454
9455
9456
9457
9458
9459
9460
9461
9462
9463
9464
9465
9466
9467
9468
9469
9470
9471
9472
9473
9474
9475
9476
9477
9478
9479
9480
9481
9482
9483
9484
9485
9486
9487
9488
9489
9490
9491
9492
9493
9494
9495
9496
9497
9498
9499
9500
9501
9502
9503
9504
9505
9506
9507
9508
9509
9510
9511
9512
9513
9514
9515
9516
9517
9518
9519
9520
9521
9522
9523
9524
9525
9526
9527
9528
9529
9530
9531
9532
9533
9534
9535
9536
9537
9538
9539
9540
9541
9542
9543
9544
9545
9546
9547
9548
9549
9550
9551
9552
9553
9554
9555
9556
9557
9558
9559
9560
9561
9562
9563
9564
9565
9566
9567
9568
9569
9570
9571
9572
9573
9574
9575
9576
9577
9578
9579
9580
9581
9582
9583
9584
9585
9586
9587
9588
9589
9590
9591
9592
9593
9594
9595
9596
9597
9598
9599
9600
9601
9602
9603
9604
9605
9606
9607
9608
9609
9610
9611
9612
9613
9614
9615
9616
9617
9618
9619
9620
9621
9622
9623
9624
9625
9626
9627
9628
9629
9630
9631
9632
9633
9634
9635
9636
9637
9638
9639
9640
9641
9642
9643
9644
9645
9646
9647
9648
9649
9650
9651
9652
9653
9654
9655
9656
9657
9658
9659
9660
9661
9662
9663
9664
9665
9666
9667
9668
9669
9670
9671
9672
9673
9674
9675
9676
9677
9678
9679
9680
9681
9682
9683
9684
9685
9686
9687
9688
9689
9690
9691
9692
9693
9694
9695
9696
9697
9698
9699
9700
9701
9702
9703
9704
9705
9706
9707
9708
9709
9710
9711
9712
9713
9714
9715
9716
9717
9718
9719
9720
9721
9722
9723
9724
9725
9726
9727
9728
9729
9730
9731
9732
9733
9734
9735
9736
9737
9738
9739
9740
9741
9742
9743
9744
9745
9746
9747
9748
9749
9750
9751
9752
9753
9754
9755
9756
9757
9758
9759
9760
9761
9762
9763
9764
9765
9766
9767
9768
9769
9770
9771
9772
9773
9774
9775
9776
9777
9778
9779
9780
9781
9782
9783
9784
9785
9786
9787
9788
9789
9790
9791
9792
9793
9794
9795
9796
9797
9798
9799
9800
9801
9802
9803
9804
9805
9806
9807
9808
9809
9810
9811
9812
9813
9814
9815
9816
9817
9818
9819
9820
9821
9822
9823
9824
9825
9826
9827
9828
9829
9830
9831
9832
9833
9834
9835
9836
9837
9838
9839
9840
9841
9842
9843
9844
9845
9846
9847
9848
9849
9850
9851
9852
9853
9854
9855
9856
9857
9858
9859
9860
9861
9862
9863
9864
9865
9866
9867
9868
9869
9870
9871
9872
9873
9874
9875
9876
9877
9878
9879
9880
9881
9882
9883
9884
9885
9886
9887
9888
9889
9890
9891
9892
9893
9894
9895
9896
9897
9898
9899
9900
9901
9902
9903
9904
9905
9906
9907
9908
9909
9910
9911
9912
9913
9914
9915
9916
9917
9918
9919
9920
9921
9922
9923
9924
9925
9926
9927
9928
9929
9930
9931
9932
9933
9934
9935
9936
9937
9938
9939
9940
9941
9942
9943
9944
9945
9946
9947
9948
9949
9950
9951
9952
9953
9954
9955
9956
9957
9958
9959
9960
9961
9962
9963
9964
9965
9966
9967
9968
9969
9970
9971
9972
9973
9974
9975
9976
9977
9978
9979
9980
9981
9982
9983
9984
9985
9986
9987
9988
9989
9990
9991
9992
9993
9994
9995
9996
9997
9998
9999
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
10009
10010
10011
10012
10013
10014
10015
10016
10017
10018
10019
10020
10021
10022
10023
10024
10025
10026
10027
10028
10029
10030
10031
10032
10033
10034
10035
10036
10037
10038
10039
10040
10041
10042
10043
10044
10045
10046
10047
10048
10049
10050
10051
10052
10053
10054
10055
10056
10057
10058
10059
10060
10061
10062
10063
10064
10065
10066
10067
10068
10069
10070
10071
10072
10073
10074
10075
10076
10077
10078
10079
10080
10081
10082
10083
10084
10085
10086
10087
10088
10089
10090
10091
10092
10093
10094
10095
10096
10097
10098
10099
10100
10101
10102
10103
10104
10105
10106
10107
10108
10109
10110
10111
10112
10113
10114
10115
10116
10117
10118
10119
10120
10121
10122
10123
10124
10125
10126
10127
10128
10129
10130
10131
10132
10133
10134
10135
10136
10137
10138
10139
10140
10141
10142
10143
10144
10145
10146
10147
10148
10149
10150
10151
10152
10153
10154
10155
10156
10157
10158
10159
10160
10161
10162
10163
10164
10165
10166
10167
10168
10169
10170
10171
10172
10173
10174
10175
10176
10177
10178
10179
10180
10181
10182
10183
10184
10185
10186
10187
10188
10189
10190
10191
10192
10193
10194
10195
10196
10197
10198
10199
10200
10201
10202
10203
10204
10205
10206
10207
10208
10209
10210
10211
10212
10213
10214
10215
10216
10217
10218
10219
10220
10221
10222
10223
10224
10225
10226
10227
10228
10229
10230
10231
10232
10233
10234
10235
10236
10237
10238
10239
10240
10241
10242
10243
10244
10245
10246
10247
10248
10249
10250
10251
10252
10253
10254
10255
10256
10257
10258
10259
10260
10261
10262
10263
10264
10265
10266
10267
10268
10269
10270
10271
10272
10273
10274
10275
10276
10277
10278
10279
10280
10281
10282
#!/usr/bin/env perl

use warnings;

## Copyright John Collins 1998-2021
##           (username jcc8 at node psu.edu)
##      (and thanks to David Coppit (username david at node coppit.org) 
##           for suggestions) 
## Copyright Evan McLean
##         (modifications up to version 2)
## Copyright 1992 by David J. Musliner and The University of Michigan.
##         (original version)
##
##    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
##    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
##    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
##    (at your option) any later version.
##
##    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
##    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
##    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
##    GNU General Public License for more details.
##
##    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
##    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
##    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307
##
##
##
##   Modification log from 14 Apr 2021 onwards in detail
##
## 20 Nov 2021 John Collins  Add /etc to list of locations for system rc files
##  4 Nov 2021 John Collins  Improve diagnostics when there's a mismatch of 
##                             destination file of rule between .fdb_latexmk
##                             file and expectation.
##  2 Nov 2021 John Collins  Sort generated-file section by filename; it's
##                             already done in file data secton.
##                           Only write fdb_latexmk file if nothing has been
##                             done.  (Addition of $runs_total variable.)
##                           V. 4.76.
## 23 Sep 2021 John Collins  Option -time: times for all rules reported now
## 18 Sep 2021 John Collins  For biber: parse blg file for config file use
##                           V. 4.75.
## 27 Aug 2021 John Collins  Modified "missing file" message (when parsing
#                              log file). 
## 29 May 2021 John Collins  When emulating aux_dir, put .synctex.gz .synctex
##                             files in out_dir (as done by MiKTeX, and needed
##                             for their use).
##                           Turn emulate aux_dir off by default, to match older
##                             behavior.  (BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBLE with 4.73 and
##                             4.74.)
##                           Add end-of-all-runs warning if emulate aux_dir needed
##                             to be turned on, when it was initially off.
##                           Add .synctex to list of extensions to clear by default.
## 20 May 2021 John Collins  Turn back on default to report rc files read.
##                           Add options -rc-report, -rc-report-, 
##                             -dir_report, -dir_report-.
## 16 May 2021 John Collins  Deal with some variable used only once warnings
##                           Remove by default informational messages on rc
##                           files read, and aux_dir and out_dir setting.
##  5-6 May 2021 John Collins  Correct normalization of aux and out dirs.
##                           Version 4.74
##  3 May 2021 John Collins  Minor corrections.  Submit to CTAN.
## 30 Apr 2021 John Collins  Revert the change of 14-15 Apr, by removing the
##                           of cwd().  That gave sometimes obnoxiously slow
##                           parsing of big log files, because of the slowness
##                           of large number of calls to cwd() caused by calls
##                           to sub normalize_filename. I think I am mistaken
##                           that cwd() could possibly give a different result
##                           than getcwd(), whose cached result is used by
##                           my goodcwd(). That idea was my motivation on 14 Apr.
## 22 Apr 2021 John Collins  Clean up aux and out_dir code.
## 21 Apr 2021 John Collins  Clean up some comments
##                           Add in emulation of -aux-directory.  On by
##                           default.
## 20 Apr 2021 John Collins  Add -dALLOWPSTRANSPARENCY option to ps2pdf and
##                           dvi2pdf. That avoids problems with recent
##                           ghostscript versions when, e.g., pstricks is used.
## 16 Apr 2021 John Collins  Better normalization of aux_dir and out_dir, so
##                that TEXMFOUTPUT, and the source and dest names for bibtex
##                and makeindex allow them to work always when the aux_dir
##                is **not** below cwd, at least under TeX Live. With MiKTeX
##                bibtex works even without special precautions for aux_dir
##                not below cwd.  But makeindex doesn't work in this case,
##                even if TEXMFOUTPUT is set correctly.
## 14-15 Apr 2021 John Collins  In normalize_filename, try both good_cwd() and
##                           cwd() for removing directory component.
##                           That improves clean up.  At least it could.
##                V. 4.73.
##
##
## 1998-2021, John Collins:  Many improvements and fixes.
##   See CHANGE-log.txt for full list, and CHANGES for summaries
##
## Modified by Evan McLean (no longer available for support)
## Original script (RCS version 2.3) called "go" written by David J. Musliner
##
##-----------------------------------------------------------------------

## Explicit exit codes: 
##             10 = bad command line arguments
##             11 = file specified on command line not found
##                  or other file not found
##             12 = failure in some part of making files
##             13 = error in initialization file
##             20 = probable bug
##             or retcode from called program.

$my_name = 'latexmk';
$My_name = 'Latexmk';
$version_num = '4.76';
$version_details = "$My_name, John Collins, 20 November 2021";

use Config;
use File::Basename;
use File::Copy;
use File::Spec;

# If possible, use better glob, which does not use space as item separator.
# It's either File::Glob::bsd_glob or File::Glob::glob
# The first does not exist in old versions of Perl, while the second
# is deprecated in more recent versions and will be removed
$have_bsd_glob = 0;
use File::Glob;
if ( eval{ File::Glob->import('bsd_glob'); 1; } ) {
    # Success in importing bsd_glob
    $have_bsd_glob = 1;
}
elsif ( eval{ File::Glob->import('glob'); 1; } ) {
    warn "$My_name: I could not import File::Glob:bsd_glob, probably because your\n",
         "  Perl is too old.  I have arranged to use the deprecated File::Glob:glob\n",
         "  instead.\n",
         "  WARNING: It may malfunction on clean up operation on filenames containing\n",
         "           spaces.\n";
    $have_bsd_glob = 0;
}
else {
    die "Could not import 'File::Glob:bsd_glob' or 'File::Glob:glob'\n";
}
# How I use the result of loading glob routines:
sub my_glob {
    if ($have_bsd_glob) { return bsd_glob( $_[0] ); }
    else { return glob( $_[0] ); }
}

use File::Path 2.08 qw( make_path );
use FileHandle;
use File::Find;
use List::Util qw( max );
use Cwd;
use Cwd "abs_path"; 
use Cwd "chdir";    # Ensure $ENV{PWD}  tracks cwd.
use Digest::MD5;

#use strict;

# The following variables are assigned once and then used in symbolic 
#     references, so we need to avoid warnings 'name used only once':
use vars qw( $dvi_update_command $ps_update_command $pdf_update_command $out_dir_requested );

# Translation of signal names to numbers and vv:
%signo = ();
@signame = ();
if ( defined $Config{sig_name} ) {
   $i = 0;
   foreach $name (split('\s+', $Config{sig_name})) {
      $signo{$name} = $i;
      $signame[$i] = $name;
      $i++;
   }
}
else {
   warn "Something wrong with the perl configuration: No signals?\n";
}


# Line length in log file that indicates wrapping.  
# This number EXCLUDES line-end characters, and is one-based.
# It is the parameter max_print_line in the TeX program.  (tex.web)
$log_wrap = 79;

#########################################################################
## Default parsing and file-handling settings

## Array of reg-exps for patterns in log-file for file-not-found
## Each item is the string in a regexp, without the enclosing slashes.
## First parenthesized part is the filename.
## Note the need to quote slashes and single right quotes to make them 
## appear in the regexp.
## Add items by push, e.g.,
##     push @file_not_found, '^No data file found `([^\\\']*)\\\'';
## will give match to line starting "No data file found `filename'"
@file_not_found = (
    '^No file\\s*(.*)\\.$',
    '^\\! LaTeX Error: File `([^\\\']*)\\\' not found\\.',
    '^\\! I can\\\'t find file `([^\\\']*)\\\'\\.',
    '.*?:\\d*: LaTeX Error: File `([^\\\']*)\\\' not found\\.',
    '^LaTeX Warning: File `([^\\\']*)\\\' not found',
    '^Package .* [fF]ile `([^\\\']*)\\\' not found',
    '^Package .* No file `([^\\\']*)\\\'',
    'Error: pdflatex \(file ([^\)]*)\): cannot find image file',
    ': File (.*) not found:\s*$',
    '! Unable to load picture or PDF file \\\'([^\\\']+)\\\'.',
);

# Characters that we won't allow in the name of a TeX file.
# Notes: Some are disallowed by TeX itself.
#        '\' results in TeX macro expansion
#        '$' results in possible variable substitution by kpsewhich called from tex.
#        '"' gets special treatment.
#        See subroutine test_fix_texnames and its call for their use.
$illegal_in_texname = "\x00\t\f\n\r\$%\\~\x7F";

# Whether to normalize aux_dir and out_dir where possible.
# This is important when these directories aren't subdirectories of the cwd,
# and TeXLive's makeindex and/or bibtex are used.
$normalize_names = 2;  # Strongest kind.

## Hash mapping file extension (w/o period, e.g., 'eps') to a single regexp,
#  whose matching by a line in a file with that extension indicates that the 
#  line is to be ignored in the calculation of the hash number (md5 checksum)
#  for the file.  Typically used for ignoring datestamps in testing whether 
#  a file has changed.
#  Add items e.g., by
#     $hash_calc_ignore_pattern{'eps'} = '^%%CreationDate: ';
#  This makes the hash calculation for an eps file ignore lines starting with
#  '%%CreationDate: '
#  ?? Note that a file will be considered changed if 
#       (a) its size changes
#    or (b) its hash changes
#  So it is useful to ignore lines in the hash calculation only if they
#  are of a fixed size (as with a date/time stamp).
%hash_calc_ignore_pattern =();

# Specification of templates for extra rules.
# See subroutine rdb_initialize_rules for examples of rule templates, and
# how they get used to construct rules.
# (Documentation obviously needs to be improved!)
%extra_rule_spec = ();


# Hooks for customized extra processing on aux files.  The following
# variable is an array of references to functions.  Each function is
# invoked in turn when a line of an aux file is processed (if none
# of the built-in actions have been done).  On entry to the function,
# the following variables are set:
#    $_ = current line of aux file
#    $rule = name of rule during the invocation of which, the aux file
#            was supposed to have been generated.
@aux_hooks = ();
# Hooks for customized processing on lists of source and missing files.
# The following variable is an array of references to functions.  Each 
# function is invoked in turn after a run of latex (or pdflatex etc) and
# latexmk has analyzed the .log and .fls files for dependency information.
# On entry to each called function, the following variables are set:
#    $rule = name of *latex rule
#    %dependents: maps source files and possible source files to a status.
#                 See begining of sub parse_log for possible values.
@latex_file_hooks = ();

#########################################################################
## Default document processing programs, and related settings,
## These are mostly the same on all systems.
## Most of these variables represents the external command needed to 
## perform a certain action.  Some represent switches.


## Which TeX distribution is being used
## E.g., "MiKTeX 2.9", "TeX Live 2018"
## "" means not determined. Obtain from first line of .log file.
$tex_distribution = '';

&std_tex_cmds;

# Possible code to execute by *latex before inputting source file.
# Not used by default.
$pre_tex_code = '';

## Default switches:
$latex_default_switches = '';
$pdflatex_default_switches = '';
$lualatex_default_switches = '';
    # Note that xelatex is used to give xdv file, not pdf file, hence 
    # we need the -no-pdf option.
$xelatex_default_switches = '-no-pdf';

## Switch(es) to make them silent:
$latex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';
$pdflatex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';
$lualatex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';
$xelatex_silent_switch  = '-interaction=batchmode';

# Whether to emulate -aux-directory, so we can use it on system(s) (TeXLive)
# that don't support it:
$emulate_aux = 0;
# Whether emulate_aux had to be switched on during a run:
$emulate_aux_switched = 0;

%input_extensions = ();
# %input_extensions maps primary_rule_name to pointer to hash of file extensions
#    used for extensionless files specified in the source file by constructs
#    like \input{file}  \includegraphics{file}
set_input_ext( 'latex', 'tex', 'eps' );
set_input_ext( 'pdflatex', 'tex', 'jpg', 'pdf', 'png' );
$input_extensions{lualatex} = $input_extensions{pdflatex};
$input_extensions{xelatex} = $input_extensions{pdflatex};
# Save these values as standards to be used when switching output,
# i.e., when actual primary rule differs from standard.
%standard_input_extensions = %input_extensions;

%allowed_output_ext = ( ".dvi" => 1, ".xdv" => 1, ".pdf" => 1 );
# Extensions of files preserved when clean up is by -c rather than -C:
%small_cleanup_preserved_exts = ();
foreach ( 'dvi', 'dviF', 'ps', 'psF', 'pdf', 'synctex', 'synctex.gz', 'xdv' ) {
    $small_cleanup_preserved_exts{$_} = 1;
}


# Information about options to latex and pdflatex that latexmk will simply
#   pass through to *latex
# Option without arg. maps to itself.
# Option with arg. maps the option part to the full specification
#  e.g., -kpathsea-debug => -kpathsea-debug=NUMBER
%allowed_latex_options = ();
%allowed_latex_options_with_arg = ();
foreach ( 
  #####
  # TeXLive options
    "-draftmode              switch on draft mode (generates no output PDF)",
    "-enc                    enable encTeX extensions such as \\mubyte",
    "-etex                   enable e-TeX extensions",
    "-file-line-error        enable file:line:error style messages",
    "-no-file-line-error     disable file:line:error style messages",
    "-fmt=FMTNAME            use FMTNAME instead of program name or a %& line",
    "-halt-on-error          stop processing at the first error",
    "-interaction=STRING     set interaction mode (STRING=batchmode/nonstopmode/\n".
    "                           scrollmode/errorstopmode)",
    "-ipc                    send DVI output to a socket as well as the usual\n".
    "                           output file",
    "-ipc-start              as -ipc, and also start the server at the other end",
    "-kpathsea-debug=NUMBER  set path searching debugging flags according to\n".
    "                           the bits of NUMBER",
    "-mktex=FMT              enable mktexFMT generation (FMT=tex/tfm/pk)",
    "-no-mktex=FMT           disable mktexFMT generation (FMT=tex/tfm/pk)",
    "-mltex                  enable MLTeX extensions such as \charsubdef",
    "-output-comment=STRING  use STRING for DVI file comment instead of date\n".
    "                           (no effect for PDF)",
    "-parse-first-line       enable parsing of first line of input file",
    "-no-parse-first-line    disable parsing of first line of input file",
    "-progname=STRING        set program (and fmt) name to STRING",
    "-shell-escape           enable \\write18{SHELL COMMAND}",
    "-no-shell-escape        disable \\write18{SHELL COMMAND}",
    "-shell-restricted       enable restricted \\write18",
    "-src-specials           insert source specials into the DVI file",
    "-src-specials=WHERE     insert source specials in certain places of\n".
    "                           the DVI file. WHERE is a comma-separated value\n".
    "                           list: cr display hbox math par parend vbox",
    "-synctex=NUMBER         generate SyncTeX data for previewers if nonzero",
    "-translate-file=TCXNAME use the TCX file TCXNAME",
    "-8bit                   make all characters printable by default",

  #####
  # MikTeX options not in TeXLive
    "-alias=app              pretend to be app",
    "-buf-size=n             maximum number of characters simultaneously present\n".
    "                           in current lines",
    "-c-style-errors         C-style error messages",
    "-disable-installer      disable automatic installation of missing packages",
    "-disable-pipes          disable input (output) from (to) child processes",
    "-disable-write18        disable the \\write18{command} construct",
    "-dont-parse-first-line  disable checking whether the first line of the main\n".
    "                           input file starts with %&",
    "-enable-enctex          enable encTeX extensions such as \\mubyte",
    "-enable-installer       enable automatic installation of missing packages",
    "-enable-mltex           enable MLTeX extensions such as \charsubdef",
    "-enable-pipes           enable input (output) from (to) child processes",
    "-enable-write18         fully enable the \\write18{command} construct",
    "-error-line=n           set the width of context lines on terminal error\n".
    "                           messages",
    "-extra-mem-bot=n        set the extra size (in memory words) for large data\n".
    "                           structures",
    "-extra-mem-top=n        set the extra size (in memory words) for chars,\n".
    "                           tokens, et al",
    "-font-max=n             set the maximum internal font number",
    "-font-mem-size=n        set the size, in TeX memory words, of the font memory",
    "-half-error-line=n      set the width of first lines of contexts in terminal\n".
    "                           error messages",
    "-hash-extra=n           set the extra space for the hash table of control\n".
    "                           sequences",
    "-job-time=file          set the time-stamp of all output files equal to\n".
    "                           file's time-stamp",
    "-main-memory=n          change the total size (in memory words) of the main\n".
    "                           memory array",
    "-max-in-open=n          set the maximum number of input files and error\n".
    "                           insertions that can be going on simultaneously",
    "-max-print-line=n       set the width of longest text lines output",
    "-max-strings=n          set the maximum number of strings",
    "-nest-size=n            set the maximum number of semantic levels\n".
    "                           simultaneously active",
    "-no-c-style-errors      standard error messages",
    "-param-size=n           set the the maximum number of simultaneous macro\n".
    "                           parameters",
    "-pool-size=n            set the maximum number of characters in strings",
    "-record-package-usages=file record all package usages and write them into\n".
    "                           file",
    "-restrict-write18       partially enable the \\write18{command} construct",
    "-save-size=n            set the the amount of space for saving values\n".
    "                           outside of current group",
    "-stack-size=n           set the maximum number of simultaneous input sources",
    "-string-vacancies=n     set the minimum number of characters that should be\n".
    "                           available for the user's control sequences and font\n".
    "                           names",
    "-tcx=name               process the TCX table name",
    "-time-statistics        show processing time statistics",
    "-trace                  enable trace messages",
    "-trace=tracestreams     enable trace messages. The tracestreams argument is\n".
    "                           a comma-separated list of trace stream names",
    "-trie-size=n            set the amount of space for hyphenation patterns",
    "-undump=name            use name as the name of the format to be used,\n".
    "                           instead of the name by which the program was\n".
    "                           called or a %& line.",

  #####
    # Options passed to *latex that have special processing by latexmk,
    #   so they are commented out here.
    #-jobname=STRING         set the job name to STRING
    #-aux-directory=dir    Set the directory dir to which auxiliary files are written
    #-output-directory=DIR   use existing DIR as the directory to write files in
    # "-output-format=FORMAT   use FORMAT for job output; FORMAT is `dvi\" or `pdf\"",
    #-quiet
    #-recorder               enable filename recorder
    #
    # Options with different processing by latexmk than *latex
    #-help
    #-version
    #
    # Options NOT used by latexmk
    #-includedirectory=dir    prefix dir to the search path
    #-initialize              become the INI variant of the compiler
    #-ini                     be pdfinitex, for dumping formats; this is implicitly
    #                          true if the program name is `pdfinitex'
) {
    if ( /^([^\s=]+)=/ ) {
        $allowed_latex_options_with_arg{$1} = $_;
    }
    elsif ( /^([^\s=]+)\s/ ) {
        $allowed_latex_options{$1} = $_;
    }
    else {
        $allowed_latex_options{$_} = $_;
    }
}

# Arrays of options that will be added to latex and pdflatex.
# These need to be stored until after the command line parsing is finished,
#  in case the values of $latex and/or $pdflatex change after an option
#  is added.
@extra_latex_options = ();
@extra_pdflatex_options = ();
@extra_lualatex_options = ();
@extra_xelatex_options = ();


## Command to invoke biber & bibtex
$biber  = 'biber %O %S';
$bibtex  = 'bibtex %O %S';
# Switch(es) to make biber & bibtex silent:
$biber_silent_switch  = '--onlylog';
$bibtex_silent_switch  = '-terse';
$bibtex_use = 1;   # Whether to actually run bibtex to update bbl files.
                   # This variable is also used in deciding whether to
                   #   delete bbl files in clean up operations.
                   # 0:  Never run bibtex.
                   #     Do NOT delete bbl files on clean up.
                   # 1:  Run bibtex only if the bibfiles exists 
                   #     according to kpsewhich, and the bbl files
                   #     appear to be out-of-date.
                   #     Do NOT delete bbl files on clean up.
                   # 1.5:  Run bibtex only if the bibfiles exists 
                   #     according to kpsewhich, and the bbl files
                   #     appear to be out-of-date.
                   #     Only delete bbl files on clean up if bibfiles exist.
                   # 2:  Run bibtex when the bbl files are out-of-date
                   #     Delete bbl files on clean up.
                   #
                   # In any event bibtex is only run if the log file
                   #   indicates that the document uses bbl files.
$bibtex_fudge = 1; #  Whether or not to cd to aux dir when running bibtex.
                   #  If the cd is not done, and bibtex is passed a
                   #  filename with a path component, then it can easily
                   #  happen that (a) bibtex refuses to write bbl and blg
                   #  files to the aux directory, for security reasons,
                   #  and/or (b) bibtex in pre-2019 versions fails to find
                   #  some input file(s).  But in some other cases, the cd
                   #  method fails. 

## Command to invoke makeindex
$makeindex  = 'makeindex %O -o %D %S';
# Switch(es) to make makeinex silent:
$makeindex_silent_switch  = '-q';
$makeindex_fudge = 1; # Whether or not to cd to aux dir when running makeindex.
                      # Set to 1 to avoid security-related prohibition on
                      # makeindex writing to aux_dir when it is not specified
                      # as a subdirectory of cwd.

## Command to convert dvi file to pdf file directly.
#   Use option -dALLOWPSTRANSPARENCY so that it works with documents
#   using pstricks etc:
$dvipdf  = 'dvipdf -dALLOWPSTRANSPARENCY %O %S %D';
# N.B. Standard dvipdf runs dvips and gs with their silent switch, so for
#      standard dvipdf $dvipdf_silent_switch is unneeded, but innocuous. 
#      But dvipdfmx can be used instead, and it has a silent switch (-q).
#      So implementing $dvipdf_silent_switch is useful.
$dvipdf_silent_switch  = '-q';

## Command to convert dvi file to ps file:
$dvips  = 'dvips %O -o %D %S';
## Command to convert dvi file to ps file in landscape format:
$dvips_landscape = 'dvips -tlandscape %O -o %D %S';
# Switch(es) to get dvips to make ps file suitable for conversion to good pdf:
#    (If this is not used, ps file and hence pdf file contains bitmap fonts
#       (type 3), which look horrible under acroread.  An appropriate switch
#       ensures type 1 fonts are generated.  You can put this switch in the 
#       dvips command if you prefer.)
$dvips_pdf_switch = '-P pdf';
# Switch(es) to make dvips silent:
$dvips_silent_switch  = '-q';

## Command to convert ps file to pdf file.
#   Use option -dALLOWPSTRANSPARENCY so that it works with documents
#   using pstricks etc:
$ps2pdf = 'ps2pdf -dALLOWPSTRANSPARENCY %O %S %D';

## Command to convert xdv file to pdf file
$xdvipdfmx  = 'xdvipdfmx -E -o %D %O %S';
$xdvipdfmx_silent_switch  = '-q';


## Command to search for tex-related files
$kpsewhich = 'kpsewhich %S';

## Command to run make:
$make = 'make';

##Printing:
$print_type = 'auto';   # When printing, print the postscript file.
                        # Possible values: 'dvi', 'ps', 'pdf', 'auto', 'none'
                        # 'auto' ==> set print type according to the printable
                        # file(s) being made: priority 'ps', 'pdf', 'dvi'

# Viewers.  These are system dependent, so default to none:
$pdf_previewer = $ps_previewer  = $ps_previewer_landscape  = $dvi_previewer  = $dvi_previewer_landscape = "NONE";

$dvi_update_signal = undef;
$ps_update_signal = undef;
$pdf_update_signal = undef;

$dvi_update_command = undef;
$ps_update_command = undef;
$pdf_update_command = undef;

$allow_subdir_creation = 1;

$new_viewer_always = 0;     # If 1, always open a new viewer in pvc mode.
                            # If 0, only open a new viewer if no previous
                            #     viewer for the same file is detected.

# Commands for use in pvc mode for compiling, success, warnings, and failure;
# they default to empty, i.e., not to use:
$compiling_cmd = $success_cmd = $warning_cmd = $failure_cmd = "";

# Commands for printing are highly system dependent, so default to NONE:
$lpr = 'NONE $lpr variable is not configured to allow printing of ps files';
$lpr_dvi = 'NONE $lpr_dvi variable is not configured to allow printing of dvi files';
$lpr_pdf = 'NONE $lpr_pdf variable is not configured to allow printing of pdf files';


# The $pscmd below holds a **system-dependent** command to list running
# processes.  It is used to find the process ID of the viewer looking at
# the current output file.  The output of the command must include the
# process number and the command line of the processes, since the
# relevant process is identified by the name of file to be viewed.
# Its use is not essential.
$pscmd =  'NONE $pscmd variable is not configured to detect running processes';
$pid_position = -1;     # offset of PID in output of pscmd.  
                        # Negative means I cannot use ps


$quote_filenames = 1;       # Quote filenames in external commands

$del_dir = '';        # Directory into which cleaned up files are to be put.
                      # If $del_dir is '', just delete the files

@rc_system_files = ();

#########################################################################

################################################################
##  Special variables for system-dependent fudges, etc.
$log_file_binary = 0;   # Whether to treat log file as binary
                        # Normally not, since the log file SHOULD be pure text.
                        # But Miktex 2.7 sometimes puts binary characters
                        #    in it.  (Typically in construct \OML ... after
                        #    overfull box with mathmode.)
                        # Sometimes there is ctrl/Z, which is not only non-text, 
                        #    but is end-of-file marker for MS-Win in text mode.  

$MSWin_fudge_break = 1; # Give special treatment to ctrl/C and ctrl/break
                        #    in -pvc mode under MSWin
                        # Under MSWin32 (at least with perl 5.8 and WinXP)
                        #   when latexmk is running another program, and the 
                        #   user gives ctrl/C or ctrl/break, to stop the 
                        #   daughter program, not only does it reach
                        #   the daughter, but also latexmk/perl, so
                        #   latexmk is stopped also.  In -pvc mode,
                        #   this is not normally desired.  So when the
                        #   $MSWin_fudge_break variable is set,
                        #   latexmk arranges to ignore ctrl/C and
                        #   ctrl/break during processing of files;
                        #   only the daughter programs receive them.
                        # This fudge is not applied in other
                        #   situations, since then having latexmk also
                        #   stopping because of the ctrl/C or
                        #   ctrl/break signal is desirable.
                        # The fudge is not needed under UNIX (at least
                        #   with Perl 5.005 on Solaris 8).  Only the
                        #   daughter programs receive the signal.  In
                        #   fact the inverse would be useful: In
                        #   normal processing, as opposed to -pvc, if
                        #   force mode (-f) is set, a ctrl/C is
                        #   received by a daughter program does not
                        #   also stop latexmk.  Under tcsh, we get
                        #   back to a command prompt, while latexmk
                        #   keeps running in the background!

## Substitute backslashes in file and directory names for
##  MSWin command line
$MSWin_back_slash = 1;

## Separator of elements in search_path.  Default is unix value
$search_path_separator = ':'; 


# Directory for temporary files.  Default to current directory.
$tmpdir = ".";


# When the aux_dir is on a network share (or the like), its system
# time may differ from the system time on which latexmk is running.
# This complicates the tests of whether particular files have been
# made in a current run of a program or are left over from a previous
# run.  One test, which is needed under some situations, is that a
# file was made on a previous run when the files modification time is
# less than the system time when the program is started.  (See
# subroutine test_gen_file; this is only needed in a couple of
# situations.)  The comparison between file and system times must be
# corrected if there is an offset between system times on the computer
# running latexmk and the computer hosting the file system containing
# aux_dir.  The offset is measured in subroutine get_filetime_offset
# by writing a temporary file; the test only needs to be done once.
#
# The following variables are used.  Since the system-independent
# values of system and file time are only accurate to a second (or 2
# seconds for FAT file systems), the offset is also accurate only to a
# second or two.  So thresholds are needed below which differences
# are insignificant.
#
# Note that the making or not making of a file is controlled by the
# state of the document being compiled and by latexmk's configuration.
# So a file that is left over from a previous run and not overwritten
# on the current run will have a file time at least many seconds less
# than the current time, corresponding to the time scale for a human
# run-edit-run cycle.
#
$filetime_offset_measured = 0;       # Measurement not yet done.
$filetime_offset = 0;                # Filetime relative to system time.
$filetime_causality_threshold = 5;   # Threshold for detection of left-over file.
                                     # Should be non-negative always, and should
                                     # be bigger than 2 secs if a remote
                                     # filesystem or network share is used.
$filetime_offset_report_threshold = 30; # Threshold beyond which filetime offsets
                                     # are reported; large offsets indicate
                                     # incorrect system time on at least one system.


################################################################


# System-dependent overrides:
# Currently, the cases I have tests for are: MSWin32, cygwin, linux and 
#   darwin, msys, with the main complications being for MSWin32 and cygwin.
# Further special treatment may also be useful for MSYS (for which $^O reports 
#   "msys").  This is another *nix-emulation/system for MSWindows.  At
#   present it is treated as unix-like, but the environment variables
#   are those of Windows.  (The test for USERNAME as well as USER was
#   to make latexmk work under MSYS's perl.)
#
if ( $^O eq "MSWin32" ) {
# Pure MSWindows configuration
    ## Configuration parameters:

    ## Use first existing case for $tmpdir:
    $tmpdir = $ENV{TMPDIR} || $ENV{TEMP} || '.';
    $log_file_binary = 1;   # Protect against ctrl/Z in log file from
                            # Miktex 2.7.

    ## List of possibilities for the system-wide initialization file.  
    ## The first one found (if any) is used.
    @rc_system_files = ( "C:/latexmk/LatexMk", "C:/latexmk/latexmkrc" );

    $search_path_separator = ';';  # Separator of elements in search_path

    # For a pdf-file, "start x.pdf" starts the pdf viewer associated with
    #   pdf files, so no program name is needed:
    $pdf_previewer = 'start %O %S';
    $ps_previewer  = 'start %O %S';
    $ps_previewer_landscape  = $ps_previewer;
    $dvi_previewer  = 'start %O %S';
    $dvi_previewer_landscape = "$dvi_previewer";
    # Viewer update methods: 
    #    0 => auto update: viewer watches file (e.g., gv)
    #    1 => manual update: user must do something: e.g., click on window.
    #         (e.g., ghostview, MSWIN previewers, acroread under UNIX)
    #    2 => send signal.  Number of signal in $dvi_update_signal,
    #                         $ps_update_signal, $pdf_update_signal
    #    3 => viewer can't update, because it locks the file and the file 
    #         cannot be updated.  (acroread under MSWIN)
    #    4 => run a command to force the update.  The commands are 
    #         specified by the variables $dvi_update_command, 
    #         $ps_update_command, $pdf_update_command
    $dvi_update_method = 1;
    $ps_update_method = 1;
    $pdf_update_method = 3; # acroread locks the pdf file
}
elsif ( $^O eq "cygwin" ) {
    # The problem is a mixed MSWin32 and UNIX environment. 
    # Perl decides the OS is cygwin in two situations:
    # 1. When latexmk is run from a cygwin shell under a cygwin
    #    environment.  Perl behaves in a UNIX way.  This is OK, since
    #    the user is presumably expecting UNIXy behavior.  
    # 2. When CYGWIN exectuables are in the path, but latexmk is run
    #    from a native NT shell.  Presumably the user is expecting NT
    #    behavior. But perl behaves more UNIXy.  This causes some
    #    clashes. 
    # The issues to handle are:
    # 1.  Perl sees both MSWin32 and cygwin filenames.  This is 
    #     normally only an advantage.
    # 2.  Perl uses a UNIX shell in the system command
    #     This is a nasty problem: under native NT, there is a
    #     start command that knows about NT file associations, so that
    #     we can do, e.g., (under native NT) system("start file.pdf");
    #     But this won't work when perl has decided the OS is cygwin,
    #     even if it is invoked from a native NT command line.  An
    #     NT command processor must be used to deal with this.
    # 3.  External executables can be native NT (which only know
    #     NT-style file names) or cygwin executables (which normally
    #     know both cygwin UNIX-style file names and NT file names,
    #     but not always; some do not know about drive names, for
    #     example).
    #     Cygwin executables for tex and latex may only know cygwin
    #     filenames. 
    # 4.  The BIBINPUTS environment variables may be
    #     UNIX-style or MSWin-style depending on whether native NT or
    #     cygwin executables are used.  They are therefore parsed
    #     differently.  Here is the clash:
    #        a. If a user is running under an NT shell, is using a
    #           native NT installation of tex (e.g., fptex or miktex),
    #           but has the cygwin executables in the path, then perl
    #           detects the OS as cygwin, but the user needs NT
    #           behavior from latexmk.
    #        b. If a user is running under an UNIX shell in a cygwin
    #           environment, and is using the cygwin installation of
    #           tex, then perl detects the OS as cygwin, and the user
    #           needs UNIX behavior from latexmk.
    #     Latexmk has no way of detecting the difference.  The two
    #     situations may even arise for the same user on the same
    #     computer simply by changing the order of directories in the
    #     path environment variable


    ## Configuration parameters: We'll assume native NT executables.
    ## The user should override if they are not.

    # This may fail: perl converts MSWin temp directory name to cygwin
    # format. Names containing this string cannot be handled by native
    # NT executables.
    $tmpdir = $ENV{TMPDIR} || $ENV{TEMP} || '.';

    ## List of possibilities for the system-wide initialization file.  
    ## The first one found (if any) is used.
    ## We could stay with MSWin files here, since cygwin perl understands them
    ## @rc_system_files = ( 'C:/latexmk/LatexMk', 'C:/latexmk/latexmkrc' );
    ## But they are deprecated in v. 1.7.  So use the UNIX version, prefixed
    ##   with a cygwin equivalent of the MSWin location
    ## In addition, we need to add the same set of possible locations as with
    ## unix, so that the user use a unix-style setup.
    @rc_system_files = ();
    foreach ( 'LatexMk', 'latexmkrc' ) {
       push @rc_system_files,
           ( "/cygdrive/c/latexmk/$_",
             "/etc/$_",
             "/opt/local/share/latexmk/$_", 
             "/usr/local/share/latexmk/$_",
             "/usr/local/lib/latexmk/$_" );
    }
    $search_path_separator = ';';  # Separator of elements in search_path
    # This is tricky.  The search_path_separator depends on the kind
    # of executable: native NT v. cygwin.  
    # So the user will have to override this.

    # We will assume that files can be viewed by native NT programs.
    #  Then we must fix the start command/directive, so that the
    #  NT-native start command of a cmd.exe is used.
    # For a pdf-file, "start x.pdf" starts the pdf viewer associated with
    #   pdf files, so no program name is needed:
    $start_NT = "cmd /c start \"\"";
    $pdf_previewer = "$start_NT %O %S";
    $ps_previewer  = "$start_NT %O %S";
    $ps_previewer_landscape  = $ps_previewer;
    $dvi_previewer  = "$start_NT %O %S";
    $dvi_previewer_landscape = $dvi_previewer;
    # Viewer update methods: 
    #    0 => auto update: viewer watches file (e.g., gv)
    #    1 => manual update: user must do something: e.g., click on window.
    #         (e.g., ghostview, MSWIN previewers, acroread under UNIX)
    #    2 => send signal.  Number of signal in $dvi_update_signal,
    #                         $ps_update_signal, $pdf_update_signal
    #    3 => viewer can't update, because it locks the file and the file 
    #         cannot be updated.  (acroread under MSWIN)
    $dvi_update_method = 1;
    $ps_update_method = 1;
    $pdf_update_method = 3; # acroread locks the pdf file
}
elsif ( $^O eq "msys" ) {
    $search_path_separator = ';';  # Separator of elements in search_path
                                   # I think MS-Win value is OK, since
                                   # msys is running under MS-Win
    $pdf_previewer = q[sh -c 'start %S'];
    $ps_previewer = q[sh -c 'start %S'];
    $dvi_previewer = q[sh -c 'start %S'];
    $ps_previewer_landscape  = $ps_previewer;
    $dvi_previewer_landscape = "$dvi_previewer";
}
else {
    # Assume anything else is UNIX or clone
    # Do special cases (e.g., linux, darwin (i.e., OS-X)) inside this block.

    ## Use first existing case for $tmpdir:
    $tmpdir = $ENV{TMPDIR} || '/tmp';

    ## List of possibilities for the system-wide initialization file.  
    ## The first one found (if any) is used.
    @rc_system_files = ();
    foreach ( 'LatexMk', 'latexmkrc' ) {
       push @rc_system_files,
            ( "/etc/$_",
              "/opt/local/share/latexmk/$_", 
              "/usr/local/share/latexmk/$_",
              "/usr/local/lib/latexmk/$_" );
    }
    $search_path_separator = ':';  # Separator of elements in search_path

    $dvi_update_signal = $signo{USR1} 
         if ( defined $signo{USR1} ); # Suitable for xdvi
    $ps_update_signal = $signo{HUP} 
         if ( defined $signo{HUP} );  # Suitable for gv
    $pdf_update_signal = $signo{HUP} 
         if ( defined $signo{HUP} );  # Suitable for gv
    ## default document processing programs.
    # Viewer update methods: 
    #    0 => auto update: viewer watches file (e.g., gv)
    #    1 => manual update: user must do something: e.g., click on window.
    #         (e.g., ghostview, MSWIN previewers, acroread under UNIX)
    #    2 => send signal.  Number of signal in $dvi_update_signal,
    #                         $ps_update_signal, $pdf_update_signal
    #    3 => viewer can't update, because it locks the file and the file 
    #         cannot be updated.  (acroread under MSWIN)
    #    4 => Run command to update.  Command in $dvi_update_command, 
    #    $ps_update_command, $pdf_update_command.
    $dvi_previewer  = 'start xdvi %O %S';
    $dvi_previewer_landscape = 'start xdvi -paper usr %O %S';
    if ( defined $dvi_update_signal ) { 
        $dvi_update_method = 2;  # xdvi responds to signal to update
    } else {
        $dvi_update_method = 1;  
    }
#    if ( defined $ps_update_signal ) { 
#        $ps_update_method = 2;  # gv responds to signal to update
#        $ps_previewer  = 'start gv -nowatch';
#        $ps_previewer_landscape  = 'start gv -swap -nowatch';
#    } else {
#        $ps_update_method = 0;  # gv -watch watches the ps file
#        $ps_previewer  = 'start gv -watch';
#        $ps_previewer_landscape  = 'start gv -swap -watch';
#    }
    # Turn off the fancy options for gv.  Regular gv likes -watch etc
    #   GNU gv likes --watch etc.  User must configure
    $ps_update_method = 0;  # gv -watch watches the ps file
    $ps_previewer  = 'start gv %O %S';
    $ps_previewer_landscape  = 'start gv -swap %O %S';
    $pdf_previewer = 'start acroread %O %S';
    $pdf_update_method = 1;  # acroread under unix needs manual update
    $lpr = 'lpr %O %S';         # Assume lpr command prints postscript files correctly
    $lpr_dvi =
        'NONE $lpr_dvi variable is not configured to allow printing of dvi files';
    $lpr_pdf =
        'NONE $lpr_pdf variable is not configured to allow printing of pdf files';
    # The $pscmd below holds a command to list running processes.  It
    # is used to find the process ID of the viewer looking at the
    # current output file.  The output of the command must include the
    # process number and the command line of the processes, since the
    # relevant process is identified by the name of file to be viewed.
    # Uses:
    #   1.  In preview_continuous mode, to save running a previewer
    #       when one is already running on the relevant file.
    #   2.  With xdvi in preview_continuous mode, xdvi must be
    #       signalled to make it read a new dvi file.
    #
    # The following works on Solaris, LINUX, HP-UX, IRIX
    # Use -f to get full listing, including command line arguments.
    # Use -u $ENV{USER} to get all processes started by current user (not just
    #   those associated with current terminal), but none of other users' 
    #   processes. 
    # However, the USER environment variable may not exist.  Windows uses 
    #   USERNAME instead.  (And this propagates to a situation of 
    #   unix-emulation software running under Windows.) 
    if ( exists $ENV{USER} ) {
       $pscmd = "ps -f -u $ENV{USER}"; 
    }
    elsif ( exists $ENV{USERNAME} ) {
       $pscmd = "ps -f -u $ENV{USERNAME}"; 
    }
    else {
       $pscmd = "ps -f"; 
    }
    $pid_position = 1; # offset of PID in output of pscmd; first item is 0.  
    if ( $^O eq "linux" ) {
        # Ps on Redhat (at least v. 7.2) appears to truncate its output
        #    at 80 cols, so that a long command string is truncated.
        # Fix this with the --width option.  This option works under 
        #    other versions of linux even if not necessary (at least 
        #    for SUSE 7.2). 
        # However the option is not available under other UNIX-type 
        #    systems, e.g., Solaris 8.
        # But (19 Aug 2010), the truncation doesn't happen on RHEL4 and 5,
        #    unless the output is written to a terminal.  So the --width 
        #    option is now unnecessary
        # $pscmd = "ps --width 200 -f -u $ENV{USER}"; 
    }
    elsif ( $^O eq "darwin" ) {
        # OS-X on Macintosh
        # open starts command associated with a file.
        # For pdf, this is set by default to OS-X's preview, which is suitable.
        #     Manual update is simply by clicking on window etc, which is OK.
        # For ps, this is set also to preview.  This works, but since it
        #     converts the file to pdf and views the pdf file, it doesn't
        #     see updates, and a refresh cannot be done.  This is far from
        #     optimal.
        # For a full installation of MacTeX, which is probably the most common
        #     on OS-X, an association is created between dvi files and TeXShop.
        #     This also converts the file to pdf, so again while it works, it
        #     does not deal with changed dvi files, as far as I can see.
        $pdf_previewer = 'open %S';
        $pdf_update_method = 1;     # manual
        $dvi_previewer = $dvi_previewer_landscape = 'NONE';
        $ps_previewer = $ps_previewer_landscape = 'NONE';
        # Others
        $lpr_pdf  = 'lpr %O %S';
        $pscmd = "ps -ww -u $ENV{USER}"; 
    }
}

## default parameters
$auto_rc_use = 1;       # Whether to read rc files automatically
$max_repeat = 5;        # Maximum times I repeat latex.  Normally
                        # 3 would be sufficient: 1st run generates aux file,
                        # 2nd run picks up aux file, and maybe toc, lof which 
                        # contain out-of-date information, e.g., wrong page
                        # references in toc, lof and index, and unresolved
                        # references in the middle of lines.  But the 
                        # formatting is more-or-less correct.  On the 3rd
                        # run, the page refs etc in toc, lof, etc are about
                        # correct, but some slight formatting changes may
                        # occur, which mess up page numbers in the toc and lof,
                        # Hence a 4th run is conceivably necessary. 
                        # At least one document class (JHEP.cls) works
                        # in such a way that a 4th run is needed.  
                        # We allow an extra run for safety for a
                        # maximum of 5. Needing further runs is
                        # usually an indication of a problem; further
                        # runs may not resolve the problem, and
                        # instead could cause an infinite loop.
$clean_ext = "";        # space separated extensions of files that are
                        # to be deleted when doing cleanup, beyond
                        # standard set
$clean_full_ext = "";   # space separated extensions of files that are
                        # to be deleted when doing cleanup_full, beyond
                        # standard set and those in $clean_ext
@cus_dep_list = ();     # Custom dependency list
@default_files = ( '*.tex' );   # Array of LaTeX files to process when 
                        # no files are specified on the command line.
                        # Wildcards allowed
                        # Best used for project specific files.
@default_excluded_files = ( );   
                        # Array of LaTeX files to exclude when using
                        # @default_files, i.e., when no files are specified
                        # on the command line.
                        # Wildcards allowed
                        # Best used for project specific files.
$texfile_search = "";   # Specification for extra files to search for
                        # when no files are specified on the command line
                        # and the @default_files variable is empty.
                        # Space separated, and wildcards allowed.
                        # These files are IN ADDITION to *.tex in current 
                        # directory. 
                        # This variable is obsolete, and only in here for
                        # backward compatibility.

$fdb_ext = 'fdb_latexmk'; # Extension for the file for latexmk's
                          # file-database
                          # Make it long to avoid possible collisions.
$fdb_ver = 3;             # Version number for kind of fdb_file.

$jobname = '';          # Jobname: as with current tex, etc indicates
                        # basename of generated files.  Defined so
                        # that --jobname=STRING on latexmk's command
                        # line has same effect as with current tex,
                        # etc, with the exception listed below.  (If
                        # $jobname is non-empty, then the
                        # --jobname=... option is used on tex.)
                        # Extension: $jobname is allowed to contain
                        # placeholder(s) (currently only %A),
                        # which allows construction of jobnames
                        # dependent on name of main TeX file; this is
                        # useful when a jobname is used and latexmk is
                        # invoked on multiple files.
$out_dir = '';          # Directory for output files.  
                        # Cf. --output-directory of current *latex
                        # Blank means default, i.e., cwd.
$aux_dir = '';          # Directory for aux files (log, aux, etc).
                        # Cf. --aux-directory of current *latex in MiKTeX.
                        # Blank means default, i.e., same as $out_dir.
                        # Note that these values get modified when
                        # processing a .tex file.

## default flag settings.
$recorder = 1;          # Whether to use recorder option on latex/pdflatex
$silent = 0;            # Whether fo silence latex's messages (and others)
$warnings_as_errors = 0;# Treat warnings as errors and exit with non-zero exit code
$silence_logfile_warnings = 0; # Do list warnings in log file
$rc_report = 1;         # Whether to report on rc files read
$aux_out_dir_report = 0; # Whether to report on aux_dir & out_dir after
                         # initialization and normalization

$kpsewhich_show = 0;    # Show calls to and results from kpsewhich
$landscape_mode = 0;    # default to portrait mode
$analyze_input_log_always = 1; # Always analyze .log for input files in the
                        #  <...> and (...) constructions.  Otherwise, only
                        # do the analysis when fls file doesn't exist or is
                        # out of date.
                        # Under normal circumstances, the data in the fls file
                        # is reliable, and the test of the log file gets lots
                        # of false positives; usually $analyze_input_log_always
                        # is best set to zero.  But the test of the log file
                        # is needed at least in the following situation:
                        # When a user needs to persuade latexmk that a certain
                        # file is a source file, and latexmk doesn't otherwise
                        # find it.  User code causes line with (...) to be
                        # written to log file.  One important case is for 
                        # lualatex, which doesn't always generate lines in the
                        # .fls file for input lua files.  (The situation with
                        # lualatex is HIGHLY version dependent, e.g., between
                        # 2016 and 2017.)
                        # To keep backward compatibility with older versions
                        # of latexmk, the default is to set
                        # $analyze_input_log_always to 1.

# The following two arrays contain lists of extensions (without
# period) for files that are read in during a *LaTeX run but that
# are generated automatically from the previous run, as opposed to
# being user generated files (directly or indirectly from a custom
# dependency).  These files get two kinds of special treatment:
#     1.  In clean up, where depending on the kind of clean up, some
#         or all of these generated files are deleted.
#         (Note that special treatment is given to aux files.)
#     2.  In analyzing the results of a run of *LaTeX, to
#         determine if another run is needed.  With an error free run,
#         a rerun should be provoked by a change in any source file,
#         whether a user file or a generated file.  But with a run
#         that ends in an error, only a change in a user file during
#         the run (which might correct the error) should provoke a
#         rerun, but a change in a generated file should not.
# These arrays can be user-configured.

@generated_exts = ( 'aux', 'bcf', 'fls', 'idx', 'ind', 'lof', 'lot', 
                    'out', 'toc' );
     # N.B. 'out' is generated by hyperref package

# Which kinds of file do I have requests to make?
# If no requests at all are made, then I will make dvi file
# If particular requests are made then other files may also have to be
# made.  E.g., ps file requires a dvi file
$dvi_mode = 0;          # No dvi file requested
$postscript_mode = 0;           # No postscript file requested
$pdf_mode = 0;          # No pdf file requested to be made by pdflatex
                        # Possible values: 
                        #     0 don't create pdf file
                        #     1 to create pdf file by pdflatex
                        #     2 to create pdf file by ps2pdf
                        #     3 to create pdf file by dvipdf
                        #     4 to create pdf file by lualatex
                        #     5 to create pdf file by xelatex + xdvipdfmx
$view = 'default';      # Default preview is of highest of dvi, ps, pdf
$sleep_time = 2;        # time to sleep b/w checks for file changes in -pvc mode
$banner = 0;            # Non-zero if we have a banner to insert
$banner_scale = 220;    # Original default scale
$banner_intensity = 0.95;  # Darkness of the banner message
$banner_message = 'DRAFT'; # Original default message
$do_cd = 0;     # Do not do cd to directory of source file.
                #   Thus behave like latex.
$dependents_list = 0;   # Whether to display list(s) of dependencies
$dependents_phony = 0;  # Whether list(s) of dependencies includes phony targets
                        # (as with 'gcc -MP').
$deps_file = '-';       # File for dependency list output.  Default stdout.
$rules_list = 0;        # Whether to display list(s) of dependencies
@dir_stack = ();        # Stack of pushed directories, each of form of 
                        # pointer to array  [ cwd, good_cwd ], where
                        # good_cwd differs from cwd by being converted
                        # to native MSWin path when cygwin is used.
$cleanup_mode = 0;      # No cleanup of nonessential LaTex-related files.
                        # $cleanup_mode = 0: no cleanup
                        # $cleanup_mode = 1: full cleanup 
                        # $cleanup_mode = 2: cleanup except for dvi,
                        #                    dviF, pdf, ps, psF & xdv
$cleanup_fdb  = 0;      # No removal of file for latexmk's file-database
$cleanup_only = 0;      # When doing cleanup, do not go on to making files
$cleanup_includes_generated = 0; 
                        # Determines whether cleanup deletes files generated by
                        #    *latex (found from \openout lines in log file).
                        # It's more than that.  BUG
$cleanup_includes_cusdep_generated = 0;
                        # Determines whether cleanup deletes files generated by
                        #    custom dependencies
$diagnostics = 0;
$dvi_filter = '';       # DVI filter command
$ps_filter = '';        # Postscript filter command

$force_mode = 0;        # =1 to force processing past errors
$go_mode = 0;           # =1 to force processing regardless of time-stamps
                        # =2 full clean-up first
$preview_mode = 0;
$preview_continuous_mode  = 0;
$printout_mode = 0;     # Don't print the file

## Control pvc inactivity timeout:
$pvc_timeout = 0;
$pvc_timeout_mins = 30;

$show_time = 0;
@timings = ();
$processing_time1 = processing_time();

$use_make_for_missing_files = 0;   # Whether to use make to try to make missing files.

# Do we make view file in temporary then move to final destination?
#  (To avoid premature updating by viewer).
$always_view_file_via_temporary = 0;      # Set to 1 if  viewed file is always
                                   #    made through a temporary.
$pvc_view_file_via_temporary = 1;  # Set to 1 if only in -pvc mode is viewed 
                                   #    file made through a temporary.

# State variables initialized here:

$updated = 0;           # Flags when something has been remade
                        # Used to allow convenient user message in -pvc mode
$waiting = 0;           # Flags whether we are in loop waiting for an event
                        # Used to avoid unnecessary repeated o/p in wait loop

# The following are used for some results of parsing log file
# Global variables, so results can be reported in main program. 
$reference_changed = 0;
$mult_defined = 0;
$bad_reference = 0;
$bad_character = 0;
$bad_citation = 0;
@primary_warning_summary = ();

# Cache of expensive-to-compute state variables, e.g., cwd in form
# fixed to deal with cygwin issues.
%cache = ();
&cache_good_cwd;

# Set search paths for includes.
# Set them early so that they can be overridden
$BIBINPUTS = $ENV{'BIBINPUTS'};
if (!$BIBINPUTS) { $BIBINPUTS = '.'; }

# Convert search paths to arrays:
# If any of the paths end in '//' then recursively search the
# directory.  After these operations, @BIBINPUTS  should
# have all the directories that need to be searched

@BIBINPUTS = find_dirs1( $BIBINPUTS );


######################################################################
######################################################################
#
#  ???  UPDATE THE FOLLOWING!!
#
# We will need to determine whether source files for runs of various
# programs are out of date.  In a normal situation, this is done by
# asking whether the times of the source files are later than the
# destination files.  But this won't work for us, since a common
# situation is that a file is written on one run of latex, for
# example, and read back in on the next run (e.g., an .aux file).
# Some situations of this kind are standard in latex generally; others
# occur with particular macro packages or with particular
# postprocessors. 
#
# The correct criterion for whether a source is out-of-date is
# therefore NOT that its modification time is later than the
# destination file, but whether the contents of the source file have
# changed since the last successful run.  This also handles the case
# that the user undoes some changes to a source file by replacing the
# source file by reverting to an earlier version, which may well have
# an older time stamp.  Since a direct comparison of old and new files
# would involve storage and access of a large number of backup files,
# we instead use the md5 signature of the files.  (Previous versions
# of latexmk used the backup file method, but restricted to the case
# of .aux and .idx files, sufficient for most, but not all,
# situations.)
#
# We will have a database of (time, size, md5) for the relevant
# files. If the time and size of a file haven't changed, then the file
# is assumed not to have changed; this saves us from having to
# determine its md5 signature, which would involve reading the whole 
# file, which is naturally time-consuming, especially if network file
# access to a server is needed, and many files are involved, when most
# of them don't change.  It is of course possible to change a file
# without changing its size, but then to adjust its timestamp 
# to what it was previously; this requires a certain amount of
# perversity.  We can safely assume that if the user edits a file or
# changes its contents, then the file's timestamp changes.  The
# interesting case is that the timestamp does change, because the file
# has actually been written to, but that the contents do not change;
# it is for this that we use the md5 signature.  However, since
# computing the md5 signature involves reading the whole file, which
# may be large, we should avoid computing it more than necessary. 
#
# So we get the following structure:
#
#     1.  For each relevant run (latex, pdflatex, each instance of a
#         custom dependency) we have a database of the state of the
#         source files that were last used by the run.
#     2.  On an initial startup, the database for a primary tex file
#         is read that was created by a previous run of latex or
#         pdflatex, if this exists.  
#     3.  If the file doesn't exist, then the criterion for
#         out-of-dateness for an initial run is that it goes by file
#         timestamps, as in previous versions of latexmk, with due
#         (dis)regard to those files that are known to be generated by
#         latex and re-read on the next run.
#     4.  Immediately before a run, the database is updated to
#         represent the current conditions of the run's source files.
#     5.  After the run, it is determined whether any of the source
#         files have changed.  This covers both files written by the
#         run, which are therefore in a dependency loop, and files that
#         the user may have updated during the run.  (The last often
#         happens when latex takes a long time, for a big document,
#         and the user makes edits before latex has finished.  This is
#         particularly prevalent when latexmk is used with
#         preview-continuous mode.)
#     6.  In the case of latex or pdflatex, the custom dependencies
#         must also be checked and redone if out-of-date.
#     7.  If any source files have changed, the run is redone,
#         starting at step 1.
#     8.  There is naturally a limit on the number of reruns, to avoid
#         infinite loops from bugs and from pathological or unforeseen
#         conditions. 
#     9.  After the run is done, the run's file database is updated.
#         (By hypothesis, the sizes and md5s are correct, if the run
#         is successful.)
#    10.  To allow reuse of data from previous runs, the file database
#         is written to a file after every complete set of passes
#         through latex or pdflatex.  (Note that there is separate
#         information for latex and pdflatex; the necessary
#         information won't coincide: Out-of-dateness for the files
#         for each program concerns the properties of the files when
#         the other program was run, and the set of source files could
#         be different, e.g., for graphics files.)  
#
# We therefore maintain the following data structures.:
#
#     a.  For each run (latex, pdflatex, each custom dependency) a
#         database is maintained.  This is a hash from filenames to a
#         reference to an array:  [time, size, md5].  The semantics of
#         the database is that it represents the state of the source
#         files used in the run.  During a run it represents the state
#         immediately before the run; after a run, with all reruns, it
#         represents the state of the files used, modified by having
#         the latest timestamps for generated files.
#     b.  There is a global database for all files, which represents
#         the current state.  This saves having to recompute the md5
#         signatures of a changed file used in more than one run
#         (e.g., latex and pdflatex).
#     c.  Each of latex and pdflatex has a list of the relevant custom
#         dependencies. 
#
# In all the following a fdb-hash is a hash of the form:
#                      filename -> [time, size, md5] 
# If a file is found to disappear, its entry is removed from the hash.
# In returns from fdb access routines, a size entry of -1 indicates a
# non-existent file.


# List of known rules.  Rule types: primary, 
#     external (calls program), internal (calls routine), cusdep.

%possible_primaries = ( 'latex'  => 'primary',  'pdflatex'  => 'primary',
                        'lualatex'  => 'primary', 'xelatex'  => 'primary' );

# Hashes, whose keys give names of particular kinds of rule, and targets.
# We use hashes for ease of lookup.
%possible_one_time = ( 'view' => 1, 'print' => 1, 'update_view' => 1,  );
%target_files      = (); # Hash for target files.
                    # The keys are the filenames and the value is 
                    # currently irrelevant.
%target_rules      = (); # Hash for target rules beyond those corresponding to files.
                    # The keys are the rule names and the value is 
                    # currently irrelevant.
# The target **files** can only be set inside the FILE loop.
$current_primary  = 'latex';   # Rule to compile .tex file.
                    # Subject to document-dependent override if .tex document
                    # uses metcommands andobeying them is enabled.
$pdf_method       = '';  # How to make pdf file.  '' if not requested,
                    # else 'ps2pdf', 'dvipdf', 'pdflatex', 'lualatex' or 'xelatex'
                    # Subject to document-dependent override if .tex document
                    #uses \pdfoutput or c.
%requested_filetypes = (); # Hash of requested file types (dvi, dviF, etc)
%one_time = ();     # Hash for requested one-time-only rules, currently
                    # possible values 'print' and 'view'.  

%actives = ();      # Hash of active rules

$allow_switch = 1;  # Allow switch of rule structure to accommodate
                    # changed output file name of primary. Even if
                    # this flag is set on, the switch may be
                    # prohibited by other issues.

%rule_db = ();      # Database of all rules:
                    # Hash: rulename -> [array of rule data]
                    # Rule data:
                    #   0: [ cmd_type, ext_cmd, int_cmd, test_kind, 
                    #       source, dest, base,
                    #       out_of_date, out_of_date_user,
                    #       time_of_last_run, time_of_last_file_check,
                    #       changed
                    #       last_result, last_message,
                    #       default_extra_generated,
                    #      ]
                    # where 
                    #     cmd_type is 'primary', 'external', or 'cusdep'
                    #     ext_cmd is string for associated external command
                    #       with substitutions (%D for destination, %S
                    #       for source, %B for base of current rule,
                    #       %R for base of primary tex file, %T for
                    #       texfile name, %O for options,
                    #       %V=$aux_dir, %W=$out_dir,
                    #       %Y for $aux_dir1, and %Z for $out_dir1
                    #     int_cmd specifies any internal command to be
                    #       used to implement the application of the
                    #       rule.  If this is present, it overrides
                    #       **direct** execution of the external command, and
                    #       it is the responsibility of the perl subroutine
                    #       specified in intcmd to execute the specified
                    #       external command if this is appropriate.
                    #       This variable intcmd is a reference to an array,  
                    #       $$intcmd[0] = internal routine
                    #       $$intcmd[1...] = its arguments (if any)
                    #     test_kind specifies method of determining
                    #       whether a file is out-of-date:
                    #         0 for never
                    #         1 for usual: whether there is a source
                    #              file change 
                    #         2 for dest earlier than source
                    #         3 for method 2 at first run, 1 thereafter
                    #              (used when don't have file data from
                    #              previous run).
                    #     source = name of primary source file, if any
                    #     dest   = name of primary destination file,
                    #              if any
                    #     base   = base name, if any, of files for
                    #              this rule
                    #     out_of_date = 1 if it has been detected that
                    #                     this rule needs to be run
                    #                     (typically because a source
                    #                     file has changed).
                    #                   Other values may be used for special cases.
                    #                   0 otherwise
                    #     out_of_date_user is like out_of_date, except
                    #         that the detection of out-of-dateness
                    #         has been made from a change of a
                    #         putative user file, i.e., one that is
                    #         not a generated file (e.g., aux). This
                    #         kind of out-of-dateness should provoke a
                    #         rerun whether or not there was an error
                    #         during a run of *LaTeX.  Normally,
                    #         if there is an error, one should wait
                    #         for the user to correct the error.  But
                    #         it is possible the error condition is
                    #         already corrected during the run, e.g.,
                    #         by the user changing a source file in
                    #         response to an error message. 
                    #     time_of_last_run = time that this rule was
                    #              last applied.  (In standard units
                    #              from perl, to be directly compared
                    #              with file modification times.)
                    #     time_of_last_file_check = last time that a check
                    #              was made for changes in source files.
                    #     changed flags whether special changes have been made
                    #          that require file-existence status to be ignored
                    #     last_result is 
                    #                 -1 if no run has been made,
                    #                  0 if the last run was successful
                    #                  1 if last run was successful, but
                    #                    failed to create an output file
                    #                  2 if last run failed
                    #                  200 if last run gave a warning that is
                    #                    important enough to be reported with 
                    #                    the error summary.  The warning
                    #                    message is stored in last_message.
                    #     last_message is error message for last run
                    #     default_extra_generated is a reference to an array
                    #       of specifications of extra generated files (beyond
                    #       the main dest file.  Standard place holders are used.
                    #   1: {Hash sourcefile -> [source-file data] }
                    # Source-file data array: 
                    #   0: time
                    #   1: size
                    #   2: md5
                    #   3: name of rule to make this file
                    #   4: whether the file is of the kind made by epstopdf.sty 
                    #      during a primary run.  It will have been read during
                    #      the run, so that even though the file changes during
                    #      a primary run, there is no need to trigger another 
                    #      run because of this.
                    #  Size and md5 correspond to the values at the last run.
                    #  But time may be updated to correspond to the time
                    #  for the file, if the file is otherwise unchanged.
                    #  This saves excessive md5 calculations, which would
                    #  otherwise be done everytime the file is checked, 
                    #  in the following situation:
                    #     When the file has been rewritten after a run
                    #     has started (commonly aux, bbl files etc),
                    #     but the actual file contents haven't
                    #     changed.  Then because the filetime has
                    #     changed, on every file-change check latexmk
                    #     would normally redo the md5 calculation to
                    #     test for actual changes.  Once one such
                    #     check is done, and the contents are
                    #     unchanged, later checks are superfluous, and
                    #     can be avoided by changing the file's time
                    #     in the source-file list.
                    #   2: {Hash generated_file -> 1 }
                    #      This lists all generated files; the values
                    #          are currently unused, only the keys
                    #   3: {Hash source_rule -> last_pass }
                    #      This lists rules that are to be considered source
                    #      rules for the current rule, separately from the 
                    #      from_rules of the source files. It maps the name
                    #      of each of these rules to the pass number of the
                    #      current rule when it was last run. The current rule
                    #      is out-of-date if the last_pass for a source rule
                    #      is less than the pass number for the rule.
                    #      The purpose of this is when the source file list
                    #      is expected to be inaccurate, because the source
                    #      files are hard to determine.  Typical needs are
                    #      for rules applied to dvi and xdv files, when
                    #      graphics files are involved.  Their names are coded
                    #      inside the dvi/xdv file, but not the contents.
                    #      It would need parsing of the contents of the file
                    #      to determine the actual source files.
                    #      An implication of using a source_rule is that this
                    #      rule passes files to the current rule and that the
                    #      current rule can be considered out-of-date whenever
                    #      the source_rule has been run.  Effectively these 
                    #      files are unconditionallyconsidered changed when
                    #      the source_rule runs.

%fdb_current = ();  # Hash of information for all files used.
                    # It maps filename to a reference to an array
                    #  (time, size, md5_checksum).
@nofile = (0,-1,0); # What we use for initializing a new entry in fdb
                    # or flagging non-existent file.

# The following provide information about the structure of the network of rules
# and files.  They are set by the routine rdb_set_rule_net
%from_rules = ();        # Used to optimize test for whether a file is generated.
                         # This maps files to rules that generate them.  (Files
                         # anywhere in %$PHdest.)
%from_rules_main = ();   # Used to optimize test for whether a file is generated.
                         # This maps files to rules that generate them as the 
                         # MAIN output.  (I.e., file $$Pdest only.)
# Classification of rules, for determining order of application
%current_primaries = ();   # Keys are primary rules (latex, etc) that are currently in use.
@pre_primary = ();         # Array of rules that are thought of as pre-primary
@post_primary = ();        # Array of rules that are thought of as post-primary
@unusual_one_time = ();    # Array of rules that are special cases of one-time rules.
                           # Currently not used.


# User's home directory
$HOME = '';
if (exists $ENV{'HOME'} ) {
    $HOME = $ENV{'HOME'};
}
elsif (exists $ENV{'USERPROFILE'} ) {
    $HOME = $ENV{'USERPROFILE'};
}
# XDG configuration home
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME = '';
if (exists $ENV{'XDG_CONFIG_HOME'} ) {
    $XDG_CONFIG_HOME = $ENV{'XDG_CONFIG_HOME'};
}
elsif ($HOME ne '') {
    if ( -d "$HOME/.config") {
        $XDG_CONFIG_HOME = "$HOME/.config";
    }
}


#==================================================

# Which rc files did I read?
@rc_files_read = ();

# Options that are to be obeyed before rc files are read:
foreach $_ ( @ARGV )
{
    if (/^-{1,2}norc$/ ) {
        $auto_rc_use = 0;
    }
}

#==================================================
## Read rc files with this subroutine

sub read_first_rc_file_in_list {
    foreach my $rc_file ( @_ ) {
        #print "===Testing for rc file \"$rc_file\" ...\n";
        if ( -d $rc_file ) {
            warn "$My_name: I have found a DIRECTORY named \"$rc_file\".\n",
                 "   Have you perhaps misunderstood latexmk's documentation?\n",
                 "   This name is normally used for a latexmk configuration (rc) file,\n",
                 "   and in that case it should be a regular text file, not a directory.\n";
        }
        elsif ( -e $rc_file ) {
            process_rc_file( $rc_file );
            return;
        }
    }
}

# Note that each rc file may unset $auto_rc_use to
# prevent lower-level rc files from being read.
# So test on $auto_rc_use in each case.
if ( $auto_rc_use ) {
    # System rc file:
    if (exists $ENV{LATEXMKRCSYS} ) {
        unshift @rc_system_files, $ENV{LATEXMKRCSYS};
        if ( !-e $ENV{LATEXMKRCSYS} ) {
            warn "$My_name: you've specified a system rc file `$ENV{LATEXMKRCSYS}`\n",
                 "   in environment variable LATEXMKRCSYS, but the file doesn't exist.\n",
                 "   I won't read any system rc file.\n";
        }
        else {
           process_rc_file( $ENV{LATEXMKRCSYS} );
        }
    }
    else {
        read_first_rc_file_in_list( @rc_system_files );
    }
}
if ( $auto_rc_use && ($HOME ne "" ) ) {
    # User rc file:
    @user_rc = ();
    if ( $XDG_CONFIG_HOME ) { 
       push @user_rc, "$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/latexmk/latexmkrc";
    }
    # N.B. $HOME equals "" if latexmk couldn't determine a home directory.
    # In that case, we shouldn't look for an rc file there.
    if ( $HOME ) { 
       push @user_rc, "$HOME/.latexmkrc";
    }
    read_first_rc_file_in_list( @user_rc );
}
if ( $auto_rc_use ) { 
    # Rc file in current directory:
    read_first_rc_file_in_list( ".latexmkrc", "latexmkrc" );
}

## Process command line args.
@command_line_file_list = ();
$bad_options = 0;

while ($_ = $ARGV[0])
{
  # Make -- and - equivalent at beginning of option,
  # but save original for possible use in *latex command line
  $original = $_;
  s/^--/-/;
  shift;
  if ( /^-aux-directory=(.*)$/ || /^-auxdir=(.*)$/ ) {
      $aux_dir = $1;
  }
  elsif (/^-bib(tex|)fudge$/) { $bibtex_fudge = 1; }
  elsif (/^-bib(tex|)fudge-$/) { $bibtex_fudge = 0; }
  elsif (/^-bibtex$/) { $bibtex_use = 2; }
  elsif (/^-bibtex-$/) { $bibtex_use = 0; }
  elsif (/^-nobibtex$/) { $bibtex_use = 0; }
  elsif (/^-bibtex-cond$/) { $bibtex_use = 1; }
  elsif (/^-bibtex-cond1$/) { $bibtex_use = 1.5; }
  elsif (/^-c$/)        { $cleanup_mode = 2; $cleanup_fdb = 1; $cleanup_only = 1; }
  elsif (/^-C$/ || /^-CA$/ ) { $cleanup_mode = 1; $cleanup_fdb = 1; $cleanup_only = 1; }
  elsif (/^-CF$/)    { $cleanup_fdb = 1; }
  elsif (/^-cd$/)    { $do_cd = 1; }
  elsif (/^-cd-$/)   { $do_cd = 0; }
  elsif (/^-commands$/) { &print_commands; exit; }
  elsif (/^-d$/)     { $banner = 1; }
  elsif (/^-dependents$/ || /^-deps$/ || /^-M$/ ) { $dependents_list = 1; }
  elsif (/^-nodependents$/ || /^-dependents-$/ || /^-deps-$/) { $dependents_list = 0; }
  elsif (/^-deps-out=(.*)$/) {
      $deps_file = $1;
      $dependents_list = 1; 
  }
  elsif (/^-diagnostics/) { $diagnostics = 1; }
  elsif (/^-dir-report$/)    { $aux_out_dir_report = 1; }
  elsif (/^-dir-report-$/)   { $aux_out_dir_report = 0; }
  elsif (/^-dvi$/)   { $dvi_mode = 1; }
  elsif (/^-dvi-$/)  { $dvi_mode = 0; }
  elsif (/^-emulate-aux-dir$/) { $emulate_aux = 1; }
  elsif (/^-emulate-aux-dir-$/) { $emulate_aux = 0; }
  elsif (/^-f$/)     { $force_mode = 1; }
  elsif (/^-f-$/)    { $force_mode = 0; }
  elsif (/^-g$/)     { $go_mode = 1; }
  elsif (/^-g-$/)    { $go_mode = 0; }
  elsif (/^-gg$/)    { 
     $go_mode = 2; $cleanup_mode = 1; $cleanup_fdb = 1; $cleanup_only = 0; 
  }
  elsif ( /^-h$/ || /^-help$/ )   { &print_help; exit;}
  elsif (/^-jobname=(.*)$/) {
      $jobname = $1;
  }
  elsif (/^-l$/)     { $landscape_mode = 1; }
  elsif (/^-l-$/)    { $landscape_mode = 0; }
  elsif ( /^-latex$/ )      { 
      $pdf_mode = 0;
      $postscript_mode = 0; 
      $dvi_mode = 1;
  }
  elsif (/^-latex=(.*)$/) {
      $latex = $1;
  }
  elsif (/^-latexoption=(.*)$/) {
      push @extra_latex_options, $1;
      push @extra_pdflatex_options, $1;
      push @extra_lualatex_options, $1;
      push @extra_xelatex_options, $1;
  }
  elsif ( /^-logfilewarninglist$/ || /^-logfilewarnings$/ )
      { $silence_logfile_warnings = 0; }
  elsif ( /^-logfilewarninglist-$/ || /^-logfilewarnings-$/ )
      { $silence_logfile_warnings = 1; }
  elsif ( /^-lualatex$/ || /^-pdflualatex$/ )      { 
      $pdf_mode = 4;
      $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
  }
# See below for -lualatex=...
# See above for -M
  elsif (/^-MF$/) {
     if ( $ARGV[0] eq '' ) {
        &exit_help( "No file name specified after -MF switch");
     }
     $deps_file = $ARGV[0];
     shift; 
  }
  elsif ( /^-MP$/ ) { $dependents_phony = 1; }
  elsif (/^-(make|)indexfudge$/) { $makeindex_fudge = 1; }
  elsif (/^-(make|)indexfudge-$/) { $makeindex_fudge = 0; }
  elsif ( /-MSWinBackSlash$/ ) { $MSWin_back_slash = 1; }
  elsif ( /-MSWinBackSlash-$/ ) { $MSWin_back_slash = 0; }
  elsif (/^-new-viewer$/) {
      $new_viewer_always = 1; 
  }
  elsif (/^-new-viewer-$/) {
      $new_viewer_always = 0;
  }
  elsif (/^-norc$/ ) {
      $auto_rc_use = 0;
      # N.B. This has already been obeyed.
  }
  elsif (/^-nobib(tex|)fudge$/) { $bibtex_fudge = 0; }
  elsif (/^-noemulate-aux-dir$/) { $emulate_aux = 0; }
  elsif (/^-no(make|)indexfudge$/) { $makeindex_fudge = 0; }
  elsif ( /^-output-directory=(.*)$/ ||/^-outdir=(.*)$/ ) {
      $out_dir = $1;
  }
  elsif ( /^-output-format=(.*)$/ ) {
      my $format = $1;
      if ($format eq 'dvi' ) {
          $dvi_mode = 1;
          $pdf_mode = $postscript_mode = 0;
      }
      elsif ($format eq 'pdf' ) {
          $pdf_mode = 1;
          $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0;
      }
      else {
          warn "$My_name: unknown format in option '$_'\n";
          $bad_options++;
      }
  }
  elsif (/^-p$/)     { $printout_mode = 1; 
                       $preview_continuous_mode = 0; # to avoid conflicts
                       $preview_mode = 0;  
                     }
  elsif (/^-p-$/)    { $printout_mode = 0; }
  elsif (/^-pdf$/)   { $pdf_mode = 1; }
  elsif (/^-pdf-$/)  { $pdf_mode = 0; }
  elsif (/^-pdfdvi$/){ $pdf_mode = 3; }
  elsif (/^-pdflua$/){ $pdf_mode = 4; }
  elsif (/^-pdfps$/) { $pdf_mode = 2; }
  elsif (/^-pdfxe$/) { $pdf_mode = 5; }
  elsif (/^-pdflatex$/) {
      $pdflatex = "pdflatex %O %S";
      $pdf_mode = 1;
      $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
  }
  elsif (/^-pdflatex=(.*)$/) {
      $pdflatex = $1;
  }
  elsif ( /^-pdflualatex=(.*)$/ || /^-lualatex=(.*)$/ ) {
      $lualatex = $1;
  }
  elsif ( /^-pdfxelatex=(.*)$/ || /^-xelatex=(.*)$/ ) {
      $xelatex = $1;
  }
  elsif (/^-pretex=(.*)$/) {
      $pre_tex_code = $1;
  }
  elsif (/^-print=(.*)$/) {
      $value = $1;
      if ( $value =~ /^dvi$|^ps$|^pdf$|^auto$/ ) {
          $print_type = $value;
          $printout_mode = 1;
      }
      else {
          &exit_help("$My_name: unknown print type '$value' in option '$_'");
      }
  }
  elsif (/^-ps$/)    { $postscript_mode = 1; }
  elsif (/^-ps-$/)   { $postscript_mode = 0; }
  elsif (/^-pv$/)    { $preview_mode = 1; 
                       $preview_continuous_mode = 0; # to avoid conflicts
                       $printout_mode = 0; 
                     }
  elsif (/^-pv-$/)   { $preview_mode = 0; }
  elsif (/^-pvc$/)   { $preview_continuous_mode = 1;
                       $force_mode = 0;    # So that errors do not cause loops
                       $preview_mode = 0;  # to avoid conflicts
                       $printout_mode = 0; 
                     }
  elsif (/^-pvc-$/)  { $preview_continuous_mode = 0; }
  elsif (/^-pvctimeout$/) { $pvc_timeout = 1; }
  elsif (/^-pvctimeout-$/) { $pvc_timeout = 0; }
  elsif (/^-pvctimeoutmins=(.*)$/) { $pvc_timeout_mins = $1; }
  elsif (/^-rc-report$/)    { $rc_report = 1; }
  elsif (/^-rc-report-$/)   { $rc_report = 0; }
  elsif (/^-recorder$/ ){ $recorder = 1; }
  elsif (/^-recorder-$/ ){ $recorder = 0; }
  elsif (/^-rules$/ ) { $rules_list = 1; }
  elsif (/^-norules$/ || /^-rules-$/ ) { $rules_list = 0; }
  elsif (/^-showextraoptions$/) {
     print "List of extra latex and pdflatex options recognized by $my_name.\n",
           "These are passed as is to *latex.  They may not be recognized by\n",
           "particular versions of *latex.  This list is a combination of those\n",
           "for TeXLive and MikTeX.\n",
           "\n",
           "Note that in addition to the options in this list, there are several\n",
           "options known to the *latex programs that are also recognized by\n",
           "latexmk and trigger special behavior by latexmk.  Since these options\n",
           "appear in the main list given by running 'latexmk --help', they do not\n",
           "appear in the following list\n",
           "NOTE ALSO: Not all of these options are supported by all versions of *latex.\n",
           "\n";
     foreach $option ( sort( keys %allowed_latex_options, keys %allowed_latex_options_with_arg ) ) {
       if (exists $allowed_latex_options{$option} ) { print "   $allowed_latex_options{$option}\n"; }
       if (exists $allowed_latex_options_with_arg{$option} ) { print "   $allowed_latex_options_with_arg{$option}\n"; }
     }
     exit;
  }
  elsif (/^-silent$/ || /^-quiet$/ ){ $silent = 1; }
  elsif (/^-stdtexcmds$/) { &std_tex_cmds; }
  elsif (/^-time$/) { $show_time = 1;}
  elsif (/^-time-$/) { $show_time = 0;}
  elsif (/^-use-make$/)  { $use_make_for_missing_files = 1; }
  elsif (/^-use-make-$/)  { $use_make_for_missing_files = 0; }
  elsif (/^-usepretex$/) { &alt_tex_cmds; }
  elsif (/^-usepretex=(.*)$/) {
      &alt_tex_cmds;
      $pre_tex_code = $1;
  }
  elsif (/^-v$/ || /^-version$/)   { 
      print "\n$version_details. Version $version_num\n";
      exit;
  }
  elsif (/^-verbose$/)  { $silent = 0; }
  elsif (/^-view=default$/) { $view = "default";}
  elsif (/^-view=dvi$/)     { $view = "dvi";}
  elsif (/^-view=none$/)    { $view = "none";}
  elsif (/^-view=ps$/)      { $view = "ps";}
  elsif (/^-view=pdf$/)     { $view = "pdf"; }
  elsif (/^-Werror$/){ $warnings_as_errors = 1; }
  elsif ( /^-xelatex$/ || /^-pdfxelatex$/ )      { 
      $pdf_mode = 5;
      $dvi_mode = $postscript_mode = 0; 
  }
# See above for -xelatex=...
  elsif (/^-e$/) {  
     if ( $#ARGV < 0 ) {
        &exit_help( "No code to execute specified after -e switch"); 
     }
     execute_code_string( $ARGV[0] );
     shift;
  }
  elsif (/^-r$/) {  
     if ( $ARGV[0] eq '' ) {
        &exit_help( "No RC file specified after -r switch"); 
     }
     if ( -e $ARGV[0] ) {
        process_rc_file( $ARGV[0] );
     } 
     else {
        die "$My_name: RC file [$ARGV[0]] does not exist\n"; 
     }
     shift; 
  }
  elsif (/^-bm$/) {
     if ( $ARGV[0] eq '' ) {
        &exit_help( "No message specified after -bm switch");
     }
     $banner = 1; $banner_message = $ARGV[0];
     shift; 
  }
  elsif (/^-bi$/) {
     if ( $ARGV[0] eq '' ) {
        &exit_help( "No intensity specified after -bi switch");
     }
     $banner_intensity = $ARGV[0];
     shift; 
  }
  elsif (/^-bs$/) {
     if ( $ARGV[0] eq '' ) {
        &exit_help( "No scale specified after -bs switch");
     }
     $banner_scale = $ARGV[0];
     shift; 
  }
  elsif (/^-dF$/) {
     if ( $ARGV[0] eq '' ) {
        &exit_help( "No dvi filter specified after -dF switch");
     }
     $dvi_filter = $ARGV[0];
     shift; 
  }
  elsif (/^-pF$/) {
     if ( $ARGV[0] eq '' ) {
        &exit_help( "No ps filter specified after -pF switch");
     }
     $ps_filter = $ARGV[0];
     shift; 
  }
  elsif ( ( exists( $allowed_latex_options{$_} ) )
          || ( /^(-.+)=/ && exists( $allowed_latex_options_with_arg{$1} ) )
        )
  {
      push @extra_latex_options, $original;
      push @extra_pdflatex_options, $original;
      push @extra_lualatex_options, $original;
      push @extra_xelatex_options, $original;
  }
  elsif (/^-/) {
     warn "$My_name: $_ unknown option\n"; 
     $bad_options++;
  }
  else {
     push @command_line_file_list, $_ ; 
  }
}

if ( $diagnostics || $rc_report ) {
    show_array( "Rc files read:", @rc_files_read );
}

if ( $bad_options > 0 ) {
    &exit_help( "Bad options specified" );
}

warn "$My_name: This is $version_details, version: $version_num.\n",
   unless $silent;

if ($out_dir eq '' ){
    # Default to cwd
    $out_dir = '.';
}
if ( $aux_dir eq '' ){
    # Default to out_dir
    #  ?? This is different than MiKTeX
    $aux_dir = $out_dir;
}
# Save original values for use in diagnositics.
# We may change $aux_dir and $out_dir after a detection
#  of results of misconfiguration.
$aux_dir_requested = $aux_dir;
$out_dir_requested = $out_dir;


# The following reports results of diagnostics on location of .log file
#   after the first run of a latex engine, when actually used aux_dir
#   may not be the expected one, due to a configuration error.
# Values: -1 uninitialized (before first run)
#          0 log file not found;
#          1 log file in aux_dir;
#          2 log file **not** in aux_dir but in out_dir;
#          3 log file **not** in aux_dir or out_dir, but in cwd.
$where_log = -1;  

if ($bibtex_use > 1) {
    push @generated_exts, 'bbl';
}

# For backward compatibility, convert $texfile_search to @default_files
# Since $texfile_search is initialized to "", a nonzero value indicates
# that an initialization file has set it.
if ( $texfile_search ne "" ) {
    @default_files = split /\s+/, "*.tex $texfile_search";
}

#Glob the filenames command line if the script was not invoked under a 
#   UNIX-like environment.
#   Cases: (1) MS/MSwin native    Glob
#                      (OS detected as MSWin32)
#          (2) MS/MSwin cygwin    Glob [because we do not know whether
#                  the cmd interpreter is UNIXy (and does glob) or is
#                  native MS-Win (and does not glob).]
#                      (OS detected as cygwin)
#          (3) UNIX               Don't glob (cmd interpreter does it)
#                      (Currently, I assume this is everything else)
if ( ($^O eq "MSWin32") || ($^O eq "cygwin") ) {
    # Preserve ordering of files
    @file_list = glob_list1(@command_line_file_list);
#print "A1:File list:\n";
#for ($i = 0; $i <= $#file_list; $i++ ) {  print "$i: '$file_list[$i]'\n"; }
}
else {
    @file_list = @command_line_file_list;
}
@file_list = uniq1( @file_list );


# Check we haven't selected mutually exclusive modes.
# Note that -c overrides all other options, but doesn't cause
# an error if they are selected.
if (($printout_mode && ( $preview_mode || $preview_continuous_mode ))
    || ( $preview_mode && $preview_continuous_mode ))
{
  # Each of the options -p, -pv, -pvc turns the other off.
  # So the only reason to arrive here is an incorrect inititalization
  #   file, or a bug.
  &exit_help( "Conflicting options (print, preview, preview_continuous) selected");
}

if ( @command_line_file_list ) {   
    # At least one file specified on command line (before possible globbing).
    if ( !@file_list ) {
        &exit_help( "Wildcards in file names didn't match any files");
    }
}
else {
    # No files specified on command line, try and find some
    # Evaluate in order specified.  The user may have some special
    #   for wanting processing in a particular order, especially
    #   if there are no wild cards.
    # Preserve ordering of files
    my @file_list1 = uniq1( glob_list1(@default_files) );
    my @excluded_file_list = uniq1( glob_list1(@default_excluded_files) );
    # Make hash of excluded files, for easy checking:
    my %excl = ();
    foreach my $file (@excluded_file_list) {
        $excl{$file} = '';
    }
    foreach my $file (@file_list1) {
        push( @file_list, $file)  unless ( exists $excl{$file} );
    }    
    if ( !@file_list ) {
        &exit_help( "No file name specified, and I couldn't find any");
    }
}

$num_files = $#file_list + 1;
$num_specified = $#command_line_file_list + 1;

#print "Command line file list:\n";
#for ($i = 0; $i <= $#command_line_file_list; $i++ ) {  print "$i: '$command_line_file_list[$i]'\n"; }
#print "File list:\n";
#for ($i = 0; $i <= $#file_list; $i++ ) {  print "$i: '$file_list[$i]'\n"; }


# If selected a preview-continuous mode, make sure exactly one filename was specified
if ($preview_continuous_mode && ($num_files != 1) ) {
    if ($num_specified > 1) {
        &exit_help( 
          "Need to specify exactly one filename for ".
              "preview-continuous mode\n".
          "    but $num_specified were specified"
        );
    }
    elsif ($num_specified == 1) {
        &exit_help( 
          "Need to specify exactly one filename for ".
              "preview-continuous mode\n".
          "    but wildcarding produced $num_files files"
        );
    }
    else {
        &exit_help( 
          "Need to specify exactly one filename for ".
              "preview-continuous mode.\n".
          "    Since none were specified on the command line, I looked for \n".
          "    files in '@default_files'.\n".
          "    But I found $num_files files, not 1."
        );
    }
}

# If selected jobname, can only apply that to one file:
if ( ($jobname ne '') && ($jobname !~ /%A/) && ($num_files > 1) ) {
    &exit_help( 
          "Need to specify at most one filename if ".
          "jobname specified without a %A, \n".
          "    but $num_files were found (after defaults and wildcarding)."
        );
}
if ( $jobname =~ /%[^A]/ ) {
    &exit_help( 
         "Jobname '$jobname' contains placeholder other than %A."
        );
}

# Normalize the commands, to have place-holders for source, dest etc:
&fix_cmds;

# Add common options
add_option( $latex_default_switches,    \$latex );
add_option( $pdflatex_default_switches, \$pdflatex );
add_option( $lualatex_default_switches, \$lualatex );
add_option( $xelatex_default_switches,  \$xelatex );

foreach (@extra_latex_options)    { add_option( $_, \$latex ); }
foreach (@extra_pdflatex_options) { add_option( $_, \$pdflatex ); }
foreach (@extra_lualatex_options) { add_option( $_, \$lualatex ); }
foreach (@extra_xelatex_options)  { add_option( $_, \$xelatex ); }


# If landscape mode, change dvips processor, and the previewers:
if ( $landscape_mode )
{
  $dvips = $dvips_landscape;
  $dvi_previewer = $dvi_previewer_landscape;
  $ps_previewer = $ps_previewer_landscape;
}

if ( $silent ) { 
    add_option( "$latex_silent_switch", \$latex );
    add_option( "$pdflatex_silent_switch", \$pdflatex );
    add_option( "$lualatex_silent_switch", \$lualatex );
    add_option( "$xelatex_silent_switch", \$xelatex );
    add_option( "$biber_silent_switch", \$biber );
    add_option( "$bibtex_silent_switch", \$bibtex );
    add_option( "$makeindex_silent_switch", \$makeindex );
    add_option( "$dvipdf_silent_switch", \$dvipdf );
    add_option( "$dvips_silent_switch", \$dvips );
    add_option( "$xdvipdfmx_silent_switch", \$xdvipdfmx );
}

if ( $recorder ) {
    add_option( "-recorder", \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
}

# If the output and/or aux directories are specified, fix the *latex
#   commands to use them.
# N.B. We'll ensure that the directories actually exist only after a
#   possible cd to the document directory, since the directories can be
#   relative to the document.

if ( $jobname ne '' ) {
    # Since $jobname may include placeholder(s), put %R placeholder
    # in option, and let %R be substituted by actual jobname at runtime.
    add_option( "--jobname=%R", \$latex, \$lualatex, \$pdflatex, \$xelatex );
}

# Which kind of file do we preview?
if ( $view eq "default" ) {
    # If default viewer requested, use "highest" of dvi, ps and pdf
    #    that was requested by user.  
    # No explicit request means view dvi.
    $view = "dvi";
    if ( $postscript_mode ) { $view = "ps"; }
    if ( $pdf_mode ) { $view = "pdf"; }
}

# Make sure we make the kind of file we want to view:
if ($view eq 'dvi') { $dvi_mode = 1; }
if ($view eq 'ps') { $postscript_mode = 1; }
if ( ($view eq 'pdf') && ($pdf_mode == 0) ) { 
    $pdf_mode = 1; 
}

# Make sure that we make something if all requests are turned off
if ( ! ( $dvi_mode || $pdf_mode || $postscript_mode || $printout_mode) ) {
    print "No specific requests made, so default to dvi by latex\n";
    $dvi_mode = 1;
}

# Determine requests.
if ( $banner ) { $postscript_mode = 1; }
if ( $dvi_mode ) {
    $current_primary = 'latex';
    $requested_filetypes{'dvi'} = 1;
    if ( length($dvi_filter) != 0 ) { $requested_filetypes{'dviF'} = 1; }
}
if ( $postscript_mode ) {
    $current_primary = 'latex';
    $requested_filetypes{'ps'} = 1;
    if ( length($ps_filter) != 0 )  { $requested_filetypes{'psF'} = 1; }
}

if ($pdf_mode > 5) {
    warn "$My_name: Non-allowed value of \$pdf_mode = $pdf_mode,",
        " replaced by 1.\n";
    $pdf_mode = 1;
}
if ( ($dvi_mode || $postscript_mode) && $pdf_mode ) {
    my %disallowed = ();
    foreach (1,4,5) { $disallowed{$_} = 1; }
    if ($disallowed{$pdf_mode}) {
        warn "$My_name: \$pdf_mode = $pdf_mode is incompatible with dvi and postscript modes\n",
             "  which are required by other requests.\n";
        if ($postscript_mode) {$pdf_mode = 2;}
        else { $pdf_mode = 3; }
        warn "  I replaced it by $pdf_mode.\n";
    }
}
if ( $pdf_mode == 0 ) {
    $pdf_method = '';
}
elsif ( $pdf_mode == 1 ) { 
    $requested_filetypes{'pdf'} = 1;
    $pdf_method = 'pdflatex';
}
elsif ( $pdf_mode == 2 ) { 
    $requested_filetypes{'pdf'} = 1;
    $pdf_method = 'ps2pdf';
}
elsif ( $pdf_mode == 3 ) { 
    $requested_filetypes{'pdf'} = 1;
    $pdf_method = 'dvipdf';
}
elsif ( $pdf_mode == 4 ) { 
    $requested_filetypes{'pdf'} = 1;
    $pdf_method = 'lualatex';
}
elsif ( $pdf_mode == 5 ) { 
    $requested_filetypes{'pdf'} = 1;
    $pdf_method = 'xelatex';
}

if ($print_type eq 'auto') {
    if ( $postscript_mode ) { $print_type = 'ps'; }
    elsif ( $pdf_mode )     { $print_type = 'pdf'; }
    elsif ( $dvi_mode )     { $print_type = 'dvi'; }
    else                    { $print_type = 'none'; }
}
if ( $printout_mode ) {
    $one_time{'print'} = 1;
    if ($print_type eq 'none'){
        warn "$My_name: You have requested printout, but \$print_type is set to 'none'\n";
    }
}
if ( $preview_continuous_mode || $preview_mode ) { $one_time{'view'} = 1; }

$can_switch = $allow_switch;
if ( $dvi_mode || $postscript_mode
     || ( $printout_mode && ($print_type eq 'ps') || ($print_type eq 'dvi') )
     || ( ($preview_mode || $preview_continuous_mode)  &&  ( ($view eq 'ps') || ($view eq 'dvi') ) )
   ) {
    # Automatic switching (e.g., pdf<->dvi o/p) requires pdf files to be
    # the only destinations.  So if ps or dvi files needed, we cannot
    # allow switching.  (There will then be an error condition if a TeX
    # engine fails to produce the correct type of output file.)
    if ($diagnostics) {
        warn "$My_name: Disallowing switch of output file as incompatible\n",
             "    with file requests.\n";
    }
    $can_switch = 0;
}


if ( $pdf_mode == 2 ) {
    # We generate pdf from ps.  Make sure we have the correct kind of ps.
    add_option( "$dvips_pdf_switch", \$dvips );
}

# Restrict variables to allowed values:

if ($filetime_causality_threshold < 0) {
    warn "$My_name: Correcting negative value of \$filetime_causality_threshold to zero.\n";
    $filetime_causality_threshold = 0;
}

# Note sleep has granularity of 1 second.
# Sleep periods 0 < $sleep_time < 1 give zero delay,
#    which is probably not what the user intended.
# Sleep periods less than zero give infinite delay
if ( $sleep_time < 0 ) {
     warn "$My_name: Correcting negative sleep_time to 1 sec.\n";
     $sleep_time = 1;
}
elsif ( ($sleep_time < 1) && ( $sleep_time != 0 ) ) {
     warn "$My_name: Correcting nonzero sleep_time of less than 1 sec to 1 sec.\n";
     $sleep_time = 1;
}
elsif ( $sleep_time == 0 ) {
     warn "$My_name: sleep_time was configured to zero.\n",
    "    Do you really want to do this?  It will give 100% CPU usage.\n";
}

# Make convenient forms for lookup.
# Extensions always have period.

# Convert @generated_exts to a hash for ease of look up and deletion
# Keep extension without period!
%generated_exts_all = ();
foreach (@generated_exts ) {
    $generated_exts_all{$_} = 1;
}

$quell_uptodate_msgs = $silent; 
   # Whether to quell informational messages when files are uptodate
   # Will turn off in -pvc mode

$failure_count = 0;
@failed_primaries = ();

if ($deps_file eq '' ) {
    # Standardize name used for stdout
    $deps_file = '-';
}

# Since deps_file is global (common to all processed files), we must
# delete it here when doing a clean up, and not in the FILE loop, where
# per-file processing (including clean-up) is done
if ( ($cleanup_mode > 0) &&  $dependents_list && ( $deps_file ne '-' ) ) {
    unlink_or_move( $deps_file );
}

# In non-pvc mode, the dependency list is global to all processed TeX files,
#   so we open a single file here, and add items to it after processing
#   each file.  But in -pvc mode, the dependency list should be written
#   after round of processing the single TeX file (as if each round were
#   a separate run of latexmk).
# If we are cleaning up ($cleanup_mode != 0) AND NOT continuing to
#   make files (--gg option and $go_mode == 2), deps_file should not be
#   created.
# I will use definedness of $deps_handle as flag for global deps file having
#   been opened and therefore being available to be written to after
#   compiling a file.
$deps_handle = undef;
if ( $dependents_list
     && ! $preview_continuous_mode
     && ( ($cleanup_mode == 0) || ($go_mode == 2) )
   ) {
    $deps_handle = new FileHandle "> $deps_file";
    if (! $deps_handle ) {
        die "Cannot open '$deps_file' for output of dependency information\n";
    }
}

# Remove leading and trailing space in the following space-separated lists,
#   and collapse multiple spaces to one,
#   to avoid getting incorrect blank items when they are split.
foreach ($clean_ext, $clean_full_ext) { s/^\s+//; s/\s+$//; s/\s+/ /g; }

# Deal with illegal and problematic characters in filename:
test_fix_texnames( @file_list );

$quote = $quote_filenames ? '"' : '';

FILE:
foreach $filename ( @file_list )
{
    # Global variables for making of current file:
    $updated = 0;
    $failure = 0;        # Set nonzero to indicate failure at some point of 
                         # a make.  Use value as exit code if I exit.
    $failure_msg = '';   # Indicate reason for failure

    if ( $do_cd ) {
       ($filename, $path) = fileparse( $filename );
       warn "$My_name: Changing directory to '$path'\n"
           if !$silent;
       pushd( dirname_no_tail( $path ) );
    }
    else {
        $path = '';
    }
    
    local $aux_dir = $aux_dir;
    local $out_dir = $out_dir;
    local $latex = $latex;
    local $lualatex = $lualatex;
    local $pdflatex = $pdflatex;
    local $xelatex = $xelatex;

    &normalize_aux_out_ETC;
    # Set -output-directory and -aux-directory options for *latex
    &set_aux_out_options;

    &set_names;
    
    # For use under error conditions:
    @default_includes = ($texfile_name, $aux_main);
    # N.B. Do **not** apply local %rule_db here.  It might appear appropriate,
    #      but %rule_db is needed in the continue block, which is not in the
    #      scope of a local declaration here.
    &rdb_initialize_rules;
    $view_file = '';
    rdb_one_rule( 'view', sub{ $view_file = $$Psource; } );

    if ( $cleanup_mode > 0 ) {
        my %other_generated = ();
        my @index_bibtex_generated = ();
        my @aux_files = ();
        my @missing_bib_files = ();
        my $bibs_all_exist = 0;
        my %final_output_files = ();
        foreach (keys %small_cleanup_preserved_exts) {
            $final_output_files{"$out_dir1$root_filename.$_"} = 1;
        }
        $have_fdb = 0;
        if ( -e $fdb_name ) {
            print "$My_name: Examining fdb file '$fdb_name' for rules ...\n"
              if $diagnostics;
            $have_fdb = ( 0 == rdb_read( $fdb_name ) );
        }
        if ( $have_fdb ) {
            rdb_for_actives(
                sub {  # Find generated files at rule level
                    my ($base, $path, $ext) = fileparseA( $$Psource );
                    $base = $path.$base;
                    if ( $rule =~ /^makeindex/ ) {
                        push @index_bibtex_generated, $$Psource, $$Pdest, "$base.ilg";
                    }
                    elsif ( $rule =~ /^(bibtex|biber)/ ) {
                        push @index_bibtex_generated, $$Pdest, "$base.blg";
                        push @aux_files, $$Psource;
                        if ( $bibtex_use == 1.5) {
                            foreach ( keys %$PHsource ) {
                                if ( ( /\.bib$/ ) && (! -e $_) ) {
                                    push @missing_bib_files, $_;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    elsif ( exists $other_generated{$$Psource} ) {
#                       print "=========== CHECKING: source file of rule '$rule', '$$Psource'\n",
#                              "  is a generated file.\n";
                        ## OLD with apparent bug:
                        #$other_generated{$$Pdest};
                    }
                    foreach my $key (keys %$PHdest) {
                        $other_generated{$key} = 1;
                    }
                },
                sub {  # Find generated files at source file level
                    if ( $file =~ /\.aux$/ ) { push @aux_files, $file; }
                }
            );
            if ($#missing_bib_files == -1) { $bibs_all_exist = 1; }
        }
        elsif ( -e $log_name ) {
            # No fdb file, but log file exists, so do inferior job by parse_log
            print "$My_name: Examining log file '$log_name' for generated files...\n"
              if $diagnostics;
            # Variables set by parse_log. Can I remove them?
            local %generated_log = ();
            local %dependents = ();    # Maps files to status.  Not used here.
            local @bbl_files = ();     # Not used here.
            local %idx_files = ();     # Maps idx_file to (ind_file, base). Not used here.
            local %conversions = ();   # *latex-performed conversions.  Not used here.
                         # Maps output file created and read by *latex
                         #    to source file of conversion.
            local $primary_out = '';   # Actual output file (dvi or pdf). Not used here.
            local $fls_file_analyzed = 0;
            &parse_log;
            %other_generated = %generated_log;
        }
        else {
            print "$My_name: No fdb or log file, so clean up default set of files ...\n"
              if $diagnostics;
        }
        
        if ( ($go_mode == 2) && !$silent ) {
            warn "$My_name: Removing all generated files\n" unless $silent;
        }
        my $keep_bbl = 1;
        if ( ($bibtex_use > 1.6)
             ||
             (  ($bibtex_use == 1.5) && ($bibs_all_exist) )
           ) {
               $keep_bbl = 0;
        }
        if ($keep_bbl) {
            delete $generated_exts_all{'bbl'}; 
        }
        # Convert two arrays to hashes:
        my %index_bibtex_generated = ();
        my %aux_files = ();
        my %aux_files_to_save = ();
        foreach (@index_bibtex_generated) {
            $index_bibtex_generated{$_} = 1
               unless ( /\.bbl$/ && ($keep_bbl) );
            delete( $other_generated{$_} );
        }
        foreach (@aux_files) {
            if (exists $other_generated{$_} ) {
                $aux_files{$_} = 1;
            }
            else {
                $aux_files_to_save{$_} = 1;
            }
        }

        foreach (keys %final_output_files) { delete $other_generated{$_}; }
        
        if ($diagnostics) {
            show_array( "For deletion, the following were determined from fdb file or log file:\n"
                       ." Generated (from makeindex and bibtex):", 
                        keys %index_bibtex_generated );
            show_array( " Aux files:", keys %aux_files );
            show_array( " Other generated files:\n"
                       ." (only deleted if \$cleanup_includes_generated is set): ",
                        keys %other_generated );
            show_array( " Yet other generated files are specified by patterns:\n".
                        " Explicit pattern with %R or root-filename.extension:",
                        keys %generated_exts_all );
            show_array( " Aux files to SAVE and not delete:", keys %aux_files_to_save );
        }

        my @clean_args = ( 'blg', 'ilg', 'log', 'aux.bak', 'idx.bak',
                   split('\s+',$clean_ext), keys %generated_exts_all );
        cleanup1( $aux_dir1, @clean_args );
        if ( $out_dir1 ne $aux_dir1 ) { cleanup1( $out_dir1, @clean_args ); }
        if ( $cleanup_mode == 1 ) {
            my @clean_args = ( keys %small_cleanup_preserved_exts, split('\s+', $clean_full_ext) );
            cleanup1( $aux_dir1, @clean_args );
            if ( $out_dir1 ne $aux_dir1 ) { cleanup1( $out_dir1, @clean_args ); }
        }
        unlink_or_move( 'texput.log', "texput.aux", "missfont.log",
                keys %index_bibtex_generated, 
                        keys %aux_files );
        if ($cleanup_includes_generated) {
            unlink_or_move( keys %other_generated );
        }
        if ( $cleanup_includes_cusdep_generated) {
            &cleanup_cusdep_generated;
        }
    }
    if ($cleanup_fdb) {
       unlink_or_move( $fdb_name );
       # If the fdb file exists, it will have been read, and therefore changed
       #   rule database.  But deleting the fdb file implies we also want
       #   a virgin rule database, so we must reset it:
       &rdb_initialize_rules;
    }
    if ($cleanup_only) { next FILE; }

    if ( $diagnostics ) {
       print "$My_name: Rules after start up for '$texfile_name'\n";
       rdb_show();
    }

    $have_fdb = 0;
    if (! -e $aux_main ) {
        # No aux file => set up trivial aux file 
        #    and corresponding fdb_file.  Arrange them to provoke one run 
        #    as minimum, but no more if actual aux file is trivial.
        #    (Useful on big files without cross references.)
        # If aux file doesn't exist, then any fdb file is surely
        #    wrong.
        # Previously, I had condition for this as being both aux and
        #    fdb files failing to exist.  But it's not obvious what to
        #    do if aux exists and fdb doesn't.  So I won't do anything.
        &set_trivial_aux_fdb;
    }

    if ( -e $fdb_name ) {
        $rdb_errors = rdb_read( $fdb_name );
        $have_fdb = ($rdb_errors == 0);
    }
    if (!$have_fdb) { 
        # We didn't get a valid set of data on files used in
        # previous run.  So use filetime criterion for make
        # instead of change from previous run, until we have
        # done our own make.
        rdb_recurse( [keys %possible_primaries],
                      sub{ if ( $$Ptest_kind == 1 ) { $$Ptest_kind = 3;} }
        );
        if ( -e $log_name ) {
            rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], \&rdb_set_latex_deps );
        }
    }
    # At this point, we assume that the file database was correctly
    # initialized from fdb_latexmk database (corresponding to the state at
    # the end of the previous run of latexmk, if the fdb_latexmk file exists.
    # PERHAPS if fdb_latexmk doesn't exist we ought to assume there was
    # a previous run that completed, if the appropriate output files exist,
    # so a new run of *latex etc isn't needed; then we should set the file
    # data from the on-disk state.
    if ($go_mode) {
        # Force everything to be remade.
        rdb_recurse( [ &rdb_target_array], sub{$$Pout_of_date=1;}  );
    }


    if ( $diagnostics ) {
       print "$My_name: Rules after initialization\n";
       rdb_show();
    }

    #************************************************************

    if ( $preview_continuous_mode ) { 
        &make_preview_continuous; 
        next FILE;
    }


## Handling of failures:
##    Variable $failure is set to indicate a failure, with information
##       put in $failure_msg.  
##    These variables should be set to 0 and '' at any point at which it
##       should be assumed that no failures have occurred.
##    When after a routine is called it is found that $failure is set, then
##       processing should normally be aborted, e.g., by return.
##    Then there is a cascade of returns back to the outermost level whose 
##       responsibility is to handle the error.
##    Exception: An outer level routine may reset $failure and $failure_msg
##       after initial processing, when the error condition may get 
##       ameliorated later.
    #Initialize failure flags now.
    $failure = 0;
    $failure_msg = '';
    if ($compiling_cmd) { Run_subst( $compiling_cmd ); }
    $failure = &rdb_make;
    if ( ( $failure <= 0 ) || $force_mode ) {
      rdb_for_some( [keys %one_time], \&rdb_run1 );
    }
    if ($#primary_warning_summary > -1) {
        # N.B. $mult_defined, $bad_reference, $bad_character, $bad_citation also available here.
        if ($warnings_as_errors) {
            $failure = 1;
            $failure_msg = "Warning(s) from latex (or c.) for '$filename'; treated as error";
        }
    }
    
    if ($failure > 0) {
        if ($failure_cmd) { Run_subst( $failure_cmd ); }
        next FILE;
    } else {
        if ($success_cmd) { Run_subst( $success_cmd ); }
    }
} # end FILE
continue {
    if ($deps_handle) { deps_list($deps_handle); }
    # If requested, print the list of rules.  But don't do this in -pvc
    # mode, since the rules list has already been printed.
    if ($rules_list && ! $preview_continuous_mode) { rdb_list(); }
    # Handle any errors
    $error_message_count = rdb_show_rule_errors();
    if ( ($error_message_count == 0) || ($failure > 0) ) {
        if ( $failure_msg ) {
            #Remove trailing space
            $failure_msg =~ s/\s*$//;
            warn "----------------------\n";
            warn "This message may duplicate earlier message.\n";
            warn "$My_name: Failure in processing file '$filename':\n",
                 "   $failure_msg\n";
            warn "----------------------\n";
            $failure = 1;
        }
    }
    if ( ($failure > 0) || ($error_message_count > 0) ) {
        $failure_count ++;
        push @failed_primaries, $filename;
    }
    &ifcd_popd;
}
close($deps_handle) if ( $deps_handle );

if ($show_time) { show_timing();}

sub show_timing {
    my $processing_time = processing_time() - $processing_time1;
    print @timings, "Accumulated processing time = $processing_time\n";
    print "Number of rules run = ", 1+$#timings, "\n";
    @timings = (); 
    $processing_time1 = processing_time();
}

# If we get here without going through the continue section:
if ( $do_cd && ($#dir_stack > -1) ) {
   # Just in case we did an abnormal exit from the loop
   warn "$My_name: Potential bug: dir_stack not yet unwound, undoing all directory changes now\n";
   &finish_dir_stack;
}

if ($failure_count > 0) {
    if ( $#file_list > 0 ) {
        # Error occured, but multiple files were processed, so
        #     user may not have seen all the error messages
        warn "\n------------\n";
        show_array( 
           "$My_name: Some operations failed, for the following tex file(s)", 
           @failed_primaries);
    }
    if ( !$force_mode ) {
      warn "$My_name: Use the -f option to force complete processing,\n",
           " unless error was exceeding maximum runs, or warnings treated as errors.\n";
    }
    exit 12;
}

if ( $where_log == 2 ) {
    warn "$My_name: You requested aux_dir '$aux_dir_requested',\n",
         "  but '$out_dir' was used for the .log file etc, and I couldn't\n",
         "  correct the problem, even by setting emulation of aux_dir on.\n",
         "  There is a strong suspicion of a bug in $my_name or a configuration error.\n";
}
if ( $emulate_aux_switched ) {
    warn "$My_name: I had to switch -aux-directory on after it was initially off,\n",
         "  because your *latex program appeared not to support it. You probably\n",
         "  should either use the option -emulate-aux-dir, or in a latexmkrc file\n",
         "  set \$emulate_aux = 1;\n";
}

# end MAIN PROGRAM
#############################################################
#############################################################

sub set_tex_cmds {
    # Usage, e.g., set_tex_cmds( '%O %S' )
    my $args = $_[0];
    foreach my $cmd ('latex', 'lualatex', 'pdflatex', 'xelatex' ) {
        ${$cmd} = "$cmd $args";
    }
    # N.B. See setting of $latex_default_switches, ...,
    # $xelatex_default_switches, etc, for any special options needed.
}

sub std_tex_cmds { set_tex_cmds( '%O %S' ); }

sub alt_tex_cmds { set_tex_cmds( '%O %P' ); }

#========================

sub test_fix_texnames {
    my $illegal_char = 0;
    my $unbalanced_quote = 0;
    my $balanced_quote = 0;
    foreach (@_) {
        if ( ($^O eq "MSWin32") || ($^O eq "msys") ) {
            # On MS-Win, change directory separator '\' to '/', as needed
            # by the TeX engines, for which '\' introduces a macro name.
            # Remember that '/' is a valid directory separator in MS-Win.
            s[\\][/]g;
        }
        if ($do_cd) {
           my ($filename, $path) = fileparse( $_ );
           if ($filename =~ /[\Q$illegal_in_texname\E]/ )  {
              $illegal_char++;
              warn "$My_name: Filename '$filename' contains character not allowed for TeX file.\n";
           }
           if ($filename =~ /^&/) {
              $illegal_char++;
              warn "$My_name: Filename '$filename' contains initial '&', which is\n",
                   "   not allowed for TeX file.\n";
           }
        }
        else {
           if ( /[\Q$illegal_in_texname\E]/ ) {
              $illegal_char++;
              warn "$My_name: Filename '$_' contains character not allowed for TeX file.\n";
           }
           if (/^&/ ) {
              $illegal_char++;
              warn "$My_name: Filename '$_' contains initial '&', which is not allowed\n",
                   "   for TeX file.\n";
           }
        }
        my $count_q = ($_ =~ tr/\"//);
        if ( ($count_q % 2) != 0 ) {
            warn "$My_name: Filename '$_' contains unbalanced quotes, not allowed.\n";
            $unbalanced_quote++;
        }
        elsif ( $count_q > 0 ) {
            warn "$My_name: Removed (balanced quotes) from filename '$_',\n";
            s/\"//g;
            warn "   and obtained '$_'.\n";
            $balanced_quote++;
        }
    }
    if ($illegal_char || $unbalanced_quote) {
        die "$My_name: Stopping because of bad filename(s).\n";
    }
}

#############################################################

sub ensure_path {
    # Usage: ensure_path( $var, values ...)
    # $ENV{$var} is an environment variable (e.g. $ENV{TEXINPUTS}.
    # Ensure the values are in it, prepending them if not, and
    # creating the environment variable if it doesn't already exist.
    my $var = shift;
    my %cmpts = ();
    if ( exists $ENV{$var} ) {
        foreach ( split $search_path_separator, $ENV{$var} ) {
            if ($_ ne '') { $cmpts{$_} = 1; }
        }
    }
    foreach (@_) {
        next if ( ($_ eq '') || (exists $cmpts{$_}) );
        if (exists $ENV{$var}) {
            $ENV{$var} = $_ . $search_path_separator . $ENV{$var};
        }
        else {
            $ENV{$var} = $_ . $search_path_separator;
        }
        if ($diagnostics) {
            print "Set environment variable $var='$ENV{$var}'\n";
        }
    }
} #END ensure_path

#############################################################

sub normalize_aux_out_ETC {
    # 1. Normalize $out_dir and $aux_dir, so that if they have a non-trivial last
    #    component, any trailing '/' is removed.
    # 2. They should be non-empty.
    # 3. Set $out_dir1 and $aux_dir1 to have a directory separator character
    #    '/' added if needed to give forms suitable for direct concatenation with
    #    a filename.  These are needed for substitutions like %Y%R.
    #    Nasty cases of dir_name: "/"  on all systems,  "A:", "A:/" etc on MS-Win
    # 4. Set some TeX-related environment variables.
    # 5. Ensure the aux and out directories exist

    # Ensure the output/auxiliary directories exist, if need be
    my $ret1 = 0;
    my $ret2 = 0;
    eval {
        if ( $out_dir ) {
            $ret1 = make_path_mod( $out_dir,  'output' );
        }
        if ( $aux_dir && ($aux_dir ne $out_dir) ) {
            $ret2 = make_path_mod( $aux_dir,  'auxiliary' );
        }
    };
    if ($ret1 || $ret2 || $@ ) {
        if ($@) { print "Error message:\n  $@"; }
        die "$My_name: Since there was trouble making the output (and aux) dirs, I'll stop\n"
    }

    if ($normalize_names) {
        foreach ( $aux_dir, $out_dir ) { $_ = normalize_filename_abs($_); }
    }
    $aux_dir1 = $aux_dir;
    $out_dir1 = $out_dir;
    foreach ( $aux_dir1, $out_dir1 ) {
        if ($_ eq '.') {$_ = '';}
        if ( ($_ ne '')  && ! m([\\/\:]$) ) {
            # Add a trailing '/' if necessary to give a string that can be
            # correctly concatenated with a filename:
            $_ .= '/';
        }
    }
    if ($aux_dir) {
        # Ensure $aux_dir is in BIBINPUTS and TEXINPUTS search paths.
        # TEXINPUTS is used by dvips for files generated by mpost.
        # For BIBINPUTS, 
        # at least one widely package (revtex4-1) generates a bib file
        # (which is used in revtex4-1 for putting footnotes in the reference
        # list), and bibtex must be run to use it.  But latexmk needs to
        # determine the existence of the bib file by use of kpsewhich, otherwise
        # there is an error.  So cope with this situation (and any analogous
        # cases by adding the aux_dir to the relevant path search environment
        # variables.  BIBINPUTS seems to be the only one currently affected.
        # Convert $aux_dir to absolute path to make the search path invariant
        # under change of directory.
        foreach ( 'BIBINPUTS', 'TEXINPUTS' ) {
            ensure_path( $_, $aux_dir );
        }
        # Set TEXMFOUTPUT  so that when the aux_dir is not a subdirectory
        # of the cwd (or below), bibtex and makeindex can write to it.
        # Otherwise, security precautions in these programs will prevent
        # them from writing there, on TeXLive.  MiKTeX is different: see
        # below.
        # The security issues concern **document-controlled** writing of
        # files, when bibtex or makeindex is invoked directly by a
        # document. In contrast, here $aux_dir is set by latexmk, not by
        # the document. (See the main texmf.cnf file in a TeXLive
        # distribution for some information on security issues.)
        #
        # PROPERTIES:
        # 1. In TeXLive, the use of TEXMFOUTPUT works if
        #    (a) the directory given is an an absolute path,
        #    AND (b) the path contains no .. pieces
        #    AND (c) the directory component of the filename(s) on the command
        #       line for makeindex and bibtex is exactly the same string as
        #       for the directory named in TEXMFOUTPUT.
        # 2. In MiKTeX, bibtex has none of the security restrictions; but
        #    makeindex has, and the use of TEXMFOUTPUT has no effect.
        # So the following is only needed for TeXLive.
        $ENV{TEXMFOUTPUT} = $aux_dir;
    }
    
    if ($diagnostics || $aux_out_dir_report ) {
        warn "$My_name: Cwd: '", good_cwd(), "'\n";
        warn "$My_name: Normalized aux dir and out dir: '$aux_dir', '$out_dir'\n";
        warn "$My_name: and combining forms: '$aux_dir1', '$out_dir1'\n";
    }

}  #END normalize_aux_out_ETC

#############################################################

sub set_aux_out_options {
    # Set -output-directory and -aux-directory options for *latex.  Use
    # placeholders for substitutions so that correct value is put in at
    # runtime.
    # N.B. At this point, $aux_dir and $out_dir should be non-empty, unlike the
    #      case after the reading of latexmkrc files, where empty string means
    #      use default.  Let's be certain, however:
    if ($out_dir eq '') { $out_dir = '.'; $out_dir1 = ''; }
    if ($aux_dir eq '') { $aux_dir = $out_dir; $aux_dir1 = $out_dir1; }
    
    if ($emulate_aux) {
        if ( $aux_dir ne '.' ) {
            # N.B. Set **output** directory to **aux_dir**, rather than
            # out_dir. If aux and out dirs are are different, then we'll move
            # the relevant files (.pdf, .ps, .dvi, .xdv, .fls to the output
            # directory after running *latex.
            add_option( "-output-directory=%V",
                        \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
        }
    }
    else {
        if ( $out_dir && ($out_dir ne '.') ) {
            add_option( "-output-directory=%W",
                        \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
        }
        if ( $aux_dir ne $out_dir ) {
            # N.B. If $aux_dir and $out_dir are the same, then the
            # -output-directory option is sufficient, especially because
            # the -aux-directory exists only in MiKTeX, not in TeXLive.
            add_option( "-aux-directory=%V",
                            \$latex, \$pdflatex, \$lualatex, \$xelatex );
        }
    }
} #END set_aux_out_options

#############################################################

sub fix_cmds {
   # If commands do not have placeholders for %S etc, put them in
    foreach ($latex, $lualatex, $pdflatex, $xelatex, $lpr, $lpr_dvi, $lpr_pdf,
             $pdf_previewer, $ps_previewer, $ps_previewer_landscape,
             $dvi_previewer, $dvi_previewer_landscape,
             $kpsewhich
    ) {
        # Source only
        if ( $_ && ! /%/ ) { $_ .= " %O %S"; }
    }
    foreach ($pdf_previewer, $ps_previewer, $ps_previewer_landscape,
             $dvi_previewer, $dvi_previewer_landscape,
    ) {
        # Run previewers detached
        if ( $_ && ! /^(nostart|NONE|internal) / ) {
            $_ = "start $_";
        }
    }
    foreach ($biber, $bibtex) {
        # Base only
        if ( $_ && ! /%/ ) { $_ .= " %O %B"; }
    }
    foreach ($dvipdf, $ps2pdf) {
        # Source and dest without flag for destination
        if ( $_ && ! /%/ ) { $_ .= " %O %S %D"; }
    }
    foreach ($dvips, $makeindex) {
        # Source and dest with -o dest before source
        if ( $_ && ! /%/ ) { $_ .= " %O -o %D %S"; }
    }
    foreach ($dvi_filter, $ps_filter) {
        # Source and dest, but as filters
        if ( $_ && ! /%/ ) { $_ .= " %O <%S >%D"; }
    }
} #END fix_cmds

#############################################################

sub add_option {
    # Call add_option( $opt, \$cmd ... )
    # Add option to one or more commands
    my $option = shift;
    while (@_) {
        if ( ${$_[0]} !~ /%/ ) { &fix_cmds; }
        ${$_[0]} =~ s/%O/$option %O/;
        shift;
    }
} #END add_option

#############################################################

sub rdb_initialize_rules {
    # Initialize rule database.
    #   (The rule database may get overridden/extended after the fdb_latexmk
    #    file is read, and after running commands to adjust to dependencies
    #    determined from document.
    %rule_db = ();
    %target_rules = ();
    %target_files = ();

    local %rule_list = ();
    &rdb_set_rule_templates;

    my %rule_template = %rule_list;
    while ( my ($key, $value) = each %extra_rule_spec ) {
        $rule_template{$key} = $value;
    }
    foreach my $rule ( keys %rule_template ) {
        my ( $cmd_type, $ext_cmd, $int_cmd, $source, $dest, $base, $test_kind, $PA_extra_gen ) = @{$rule_template{$rule}};
        if ( ! $PA_extra_gen ) { $PA_extra_gen = []; }
        my $needs_making = 0;
        # Substitute in the filename variables, since we will use
        # those for determining filenames.  But delay expanding $cmd 
        # until run time, in case of changes.
        foreach ($base, $source, $dest, @$PA_extra_gen ) {
            s/%R/$root_filename/g;
            s/%Y/$aux_dir1/;
            s/%Z/$out_dir1/;
        }
        foreach ($source, $dest ) { 
            s/%B/$base/;
            s/%T/$texfile_name/;
        }
        rdb_create_rule( $rule, $cmd_type, $ext_cmd, $int_cmd, $test_kind, 
                         $source, $dest, $base,
                         $needs_making, undef, undef, 1, $PA_extra_gen );
    } # End rule iteration

    # Ensure we only have one way to make pdf file, and that it is appropriate. Remove other incompatibilities
    if    ($pdf_mode == 1) { rdb_deactivate( 'dvipdf', 'ps2pdf', 'latex', 'lualatex', 'xdvipdfmx', 'xelatex' ); }
    elsif ($pdf_mode == 2) { rdb_deactivate( 'dvipdf', 'pdflatex', 'lualatex', 'xdvipdfmx', 'xelatex' ); }
    elsif ($pdf_mode == 3) { rdb_deactivate( 'pdflatex', 'ps2pdf', 'lualatex', 'xdvipdfmx', 'xelatex' ); }
    elsif ($pdf_mode == 4) { rdb_deactivate( 'pdflatex', 'ps2pdf', 'dvipdf', 'xdvipdfmx', 'xelatex' ); }
    elsif ($pdf_mode == 5) { rdb_deactivate( 'pdflatex', 'ps2pdf', 'dvipdf', 'lualatex' ); }
    else                   { rdb_deactivate( 'dvipdf', 'pdflatex', 'ps2pdf', 'lualatex', 'xdvipdfmx', 'xelatex' ); }

    if ($dvi_mode == 1) {
        rdb_activate( 'latex' );
        $target_files{$dvi_final} = 1;
    }
    if ($postscript_mode == 1) {
        rdb_activate( 'latex' );
        $target_files{$ps_final} = 1;
    }
    if ($pdf_mode) { $target_files{$pdf_final} = 1; }
    &rdb_set_rule_net;
} # END rdb_initialize_rules

#************************************************************

sub rdb_set_rule_templates {
# Set up specifications for standard rules, adjusted to current conditions
# Substitutions: %S = source, %D = dest, %B = this rule's base
#                %T = texfile, %R = root = base for latex.
#                %Y for $aux_dir1, %Z for $out_dir1


    my $print_file = '';
    my $print_cmd = 'NONE';
    if ( $print_type eq 'dvi' ) {
        $print_file = $dvi_final;
        $print_cmd = $lpr_dvi;
    }
    elsif ( $print_type eq 'pdf' ) {
        $print_file = $pdf_final;
        $print_cmd = $lpr_pdf;
    }
    elsif ( $print_type eq 'ps' ) {
        $print_file = $ps_final;
        $print_cmd = $lpr;
    }
    elsif ( $print_type eq 'none' ) {
        $print_cmd = 'NONE echo NO PRINTING CONFIGURED';
    }

    my $view_file = '';
    my $viewer = '';
    my $viewer_update_method = 0;
    my $viewer_update_signal = undef;
    my $viewer_update_command = undef;

    if ( ($view eq 'dvi') || ($view eq 'pdf') || ($view eq 'ps') ) { 
        $view_file = ${$view.'_final'};
        $viewer = ${$view.'_previewer'};
        $viewer_update_method = ${$view.'_update_method'};
        $viewer_update_signal = ${$view.'_update_signal'};
        if (defined ${$view.'_update_command'}) {
           $viewer_update_command = ${$view.'_update_command'};
        }
    }
    # Specification of internal command for viewer update:
    my $PA_update = ['do_update_view', $viewer_update_method, $viewer_update_signal, 0, 1];

# For test_kind: Use file contents for latex and friends, but file time for the others.
# This is because, especially for dvi file, the contents of the file may contain
#    a pointer to a file to be included, not the contents of the file! 
    %rule_list = (
        'latex'     => [ 'primary',  "$latex",     '',            "%T",        $dvi_name,  "%R",   1, [$log_name] ],
        'pdflatex'  => [ 'primary',  "$pdflatex",  '',            "%T",        $pdf_name,  "%R",   1, [$log_name] ],
        'lualatex'  => [ 'primary',  "$lualatex",  '',            "%T",        $pdf_name,  "%R",   1, [$log_name] ],
        'xelatex'   => [ 'primary',  "$xelatex",   '',            "%T",        $xdv_name,  "%R",   1, [$log_name] ],
        'dvipdf'    => [ 'external', "$dvipdf",    'do_viewfile', $dvi_final,  $pdf_name,  "%Z%R", 2 ],
        'xdvipdfmx' => [ 'external', "$xdvipdfmx", 'do_viewfile', $xdv_final,  $pdf_name,  "%Z%R", 2 ],
        'dvips'     => [ 'external', "$dvips",     'do_viewfile', $dvi_final,  $ps_name,   "%Z%R", 2 ],
        'dvifilter' => [ 'external', $dvi_filter,  'do_viewfile', $dvi_name,   $dviF_name, "%Z%R", 2 ],
        'ps2pdf'    => [ 'external', "$ps2pdf",    'do_viewfile', $ps_final,   $pdf_name,  "%Z%R", 2 ],
        'psfilter'  => [ 'external', $ps_filter,   'do_viewfile', $ps_name,    $psF_name,  "%Z%R", 2 ],
        'print'     => [ 'external', "$print_cmd", 'if_source',   $print_file, "",         "",     2 ],
        'update_view' => [ 'external', $viewer_update_command, $PA_update,
                               $view_file,  "",        "",   2 ],
        'view'     => [ 'external', "$viewer",    'if_source',   $view_file,  "",        "",   2 ],
    );
} # END rdb_set_rule_templates 

#************************************************************

sub rdb_set_rule_net {
    # Set network of rules, including links
    &rdb_make_links;
    &rdb_classify_rules;
}

#************************************************************

sub rdb_make_links {
# ?? Problem if there are multiple rules for getting a file.  Notably pdf.
#    Which one to choose?
# ?? Problem: what if a rule is inactive,
#    e.g., bibtex because biber is in use,
#          or xelatex when pdflatex is in use
#          or bibtex when $bibtex_use is 0.
#    What if both latex and pdflatex are being used?
#      That has been allowed.  But .aux file (also
#      .log file) are made by both.

#  Other case: package (like bibtopic) creates bbl or other file when
#  it doesn't exist.  Later a rule is created by latexmk to make that
#  file.  Then the rule's main destination file should have priority
#  over non-main generated files from other rules.
    local %from_rules_old = %from_rules;
    &rdb_cache_generated;
    
    rdb_for_actives( 
        0,
        sub{ 
            if ( exists $from_rules_main{$file} ) {
                $$Pfrom_rule = $from_rules_main{$file};
            }
            elsif ( exists $from_rules{$file} ) {
                $$Pfrom_rule = $from_rules{$file};
            }
            if ( $$Pfrom_rule && (! rdb_rule_exists( $$Pfrom_rule ) ) ) {
                $$Pfrom_rule = '';
            }
        }
        );
    rdb_for_actives( \&rdb_set_source_rules );
#    print "=========In rdb_make_links: rules\n"; &rdb_show;
} # END rdb_make_links

#************************************************************

sub rdb_set_source_rules {
    # This applies to rules whose source file is a dvi or xdv file
    # Uses rule context
    my ($base, $path, $ext) = fileparseA( $$Psource );
    if ( ($ext eq '.dvi') || ($ext eq '.dviF') || ($ext eq '.xdv') ) {
        my $old_rule = $from_rules_old{$$Psource};
        my $new_rule = $from_rules{$$Psource};
        if ( defined $old_rule
             && defined $new_rule
             && ($old_rule eq $new_rule)
             && defined $$PHsource_rules{$new_rule}
            )
        {  # Nothing to do: source rule is correct.
        }
        else {
            if ( defined $old_rule ) { delete $$PHsource_rules{$old_rule}; }
            if ( defined $new_rule ) { $$PHsource_rules{$new_rule} = 0; }
        }
    }
}

#************************************************************

sub rdb_cache_generated {
    # Update %from_rules
    %from_rules = ();
    %from_rules_main = ();
    rdb_for_actives( \&one_from_main_rule_cache );
    rdb_for_actives( \&one_from_rule_cache );
} # END rdb_cache_generated

#------------

sub one_from_main_rule_cache {
    # Rule context assumed.
    # Set from_rules_main items for one rule
    if (! $$Pdest) { return; }
# Error message trigger:    if ( $$Pdest =~ /pdf$/) { $from_rules_main{$$Pdest} = 'pdflatexA'; }
    if ( exists $from_rules_main{$$Pdest} ) {
        my $old_rule = $from_rules_main{$$Pdest};
        if ( $old_rule eq $rule ) {
            # OK
        }
        else {
            warn "$My_name: Possible bug:\n",
                 "  In linking rules I already set from_rules_main{$$Pdest} to '$old_rule'\n",
                 "  But now I want to set it to '$rule'\n";
#            traceback( "================================\nFrom one_from_main_rule_cache" );
        }
    }
    $from_rules_main{$$Pdest} = $rule;
} # END one_from_main_rule_cache

#------------

sub one_from_rule_cache {
    # Rule context assumed.
    # Set from_rules items for one rule
    foreach (  @$PA_extra_gen, keys %$PHdest ) {
        # Error message trigger:  if ( $_ =~ /aux$/) { $from_rules{$_} = 'pdflatexA'; }
        if ( exists $from_rules{$_} ) {
            my $old_rule = $from_rules{$_};
            if ( $old_rule eq $rule ) {
                # OK
            }
            elsif ( exists $from_rules_main{$_} && ( $from_rules_main{$_} ne $rule ) ) {
                warn "$My_name: Possible bug:\n",
                     "  In linking rules, I already set from_rules_main{$_}\n".
                     "  to '$from_rules_main{$_}'\n",
                     "  But now I also have a different rule '$rule' that also made the file.\n";
            }
            elsif ( exists($possible_primaries{$old_rule}) && exists($possible_primaries{$rule}) ) {
                # This could be problematic.  But we'll let it go,
                # because it is a common case for .aux and .log files
                # (etc), and these cases do not appear to mess up
                # anything (by experience).
                # Once we allow an active flag for rules and only
                # examine active rules, the only case of this that
                # will appear (in the absence of other problems) will
                # be where two primary rules are active, notably a
                # latex rule to make dvi and a pdflatex (or other
                # rule) to make pdf.
            }
            else {
                warn "$My_name: Possible bug:\n",
                     "  In linking rules I already set from_rules{$_} to '$old_rule'\n",
                     "  But now I want to set it to '$rule'\n";
#            traceback( "================================\nFrom one_from__rule_cache" );
            }
        }
        $from_rules{$_} = $rule;
    }
} #END from_rule_cache

#************************************************************

sub set_trivial_aux_fdb {
    # 1. Write aux file as would be written if the tex file had no cross
    #    cross references, etc. i.e., a minimal .aux file, as would be
    #    written by latex with a simple document.
    #    That saves a run of latex on such simple documents.
    #    Before about 2020, latex only wrote one line, containing '\relax '
    #    in the aux file.  After that a reference to the last page was
    #    added.  So now I write what is written for a one page document.
    # 2. Write a corresponding fdb file
    # 3. Provoke a run of *latex (actually of all primaries). 

    local *aux_file;
    open( aux_file, '>', $aux_main )
        or die "Cannot write file '$aux_main'\n";
    print aux_file "\\relax \n";
    # The following is added by recent versions of latex for a
    # one page document
    print aux_file "\\gdef \\\@abspage\@last{1}\n";
    close(aux_file);

    foreach my $rule (keys %possible_primaries ) { 
        rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $texfile_name );
        rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $aux_main );
        rdb_one_rule(  $rule,  
                       sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; }
                    );
    }
    &rdb_write( $fdb_name );
} #END set_trivial_aux_fdb

#************************************************************
#### Particular actions
#************************************************************
#************************************************************

sub do_cusdep {
    # Unconditional application of custom-dependency
    # except that rule is not applied if the source file source 
    # does not exist, and an error is returned if the dest is not made.
    #
    # Assumes rule context for the custom-dependency, and that my first 
    # argument is the name of the subroutine to apply
    my $func_name = $_[0];
    my $return = 0;
    if ( !-e $$Psource ) {
        # Source does not exist.  Users of this rule will need to turn
        # it off when custom dependencies are reset
        if ( !$silent ) {
            warn "$My_name: In trying to apply custom-dependency rule\n",
            "  to make '$$Pdest' from '$$Psource'\n",
            "  the source file has disappeared since the last run\n";
        }
        # Treat as successful
    }
    elsif ( !$func_name ) {
        warn "$My_name: Possible misconfiguration or bug:\n",
        "  In trying to apply custom-dependency rule\n",
        "  to make '$$Pdest' from '$$Psource'\n",
        "  the function name is blank.\n";
    }
    elsif ( ! defined &$func_name ) {
        warn "$My_name: Misconfiguration or bug,",
        " in trying to apply custom-dependency rule\n",
        "  to make '$$Pdest' from '$$Psource'\n",
        "  function name '$func_name' does not exists.\n";
    }
    else {
        my $cusdep_ret = &$func_name( $$Pbase );
        if ( defined $cusdep_ret && ($cusdep_ret != 0) ) {
            $return = $cusdep_ret;
            if ($return) {
                warn "Rule '$rule', function '$func_name'\n",
                     "   failed with return code = $return\n";
            }
        }
        elsif ( !-e $$Pdest ) {
            # Destination non-existent, but routine failed to give an error
            warn "$My_name: In running custom-dependency rule\n",
            "  to make '$$Pdest' from '$$Psource'\n",
            "  function '$func_name' did not make the destination.\n";
            $return = -1;
        }
    }
    return $return;
}  # END do_cusdep

#************************************************************

sub do_viewfile {
    # Unconditionally make file for viewing, going through temporary file if
    # Assumes rule context

    my $return = 0;
    my ($base, $path, $ext) = fileparseA( $$Pdest );
    if ( &view_file_via_temporary ) {
        if ( $$Pext_cmd =~ /%D/ ) {
            my $tmpfile = tempfile1( "${root_filename}_tmp", $ext );
            warn "$My_name: Making '$$Pdest' via temporary '$tmpfile'...\n";
            $return = &Run_subst( undef, undef, undef, undef, $tmpfile );
            move( $tmpfile, $$Pdest );
        }
        else {
            warn "$My_name is configured to make '$$Pdest' via a temporary file\n",
                 "    but the command template '$$Pext_cmd' does not have a slot\n",
            "    to set the destination file, so I won't use a temporary file\n";
            $return = &Run_subst();
        }
    }
    else {
        $return = &Run_subst();
    }
    return $return;
} #END do_viewfile

#************************************************************

sub do_update_view {
    # Update viewer
    # Assumes rule context
    # Arguments: (method, signal, viewer_process)

    my $return = 0;

    # Although the process is passed as an argument, we'll need to update it.
    # So (FUDGE??) bypass the standard interface for the process.
    # We might as well do this for all the arguments.
    my $viewer_update_method = ${$PAint_cmd}[1];
    my $viewer_update_signal = ${$PAint_cmd}[2];
    my $Pviewer_process             = \${$PAint_cmd}[3];
    my $Pneed_to_get_viewer_process = \${$PAint_cmd}[4];
    
    if ($viewer_update_method == 2) {
        if ($$Pneed_to_get_viewer_process) {
            $$Pviewer_process = &find_process_id( $$Psource );
            if ($$Pviewer_process != 0) {
                $$Pneed_to_get_viewer_process = 0;
            }
        }
        if ($$Pviewer_process == 0) {
            print "$My_name: need to signal viewer for file '$$Psource', but didn't get \n",
                  "   process ID for some reason, e.g., no viewer, bad configuration, bug\n"
                if $diagnostics ;             
        }
        elsif ( defined $viewer_update_signal) {
            print "$My_name: signalling viewer, process ID $$Pviewer_process ",
                  "with signal $viewer_update_signal\n"
                if $diagnostics ;
            kill $viewer_update_signal, $$Pviewer_process;
        }
        else {
            warn "$My_name: viewer is supposed to be sent a signal\n",
                 "  but no signal is defined.  Misconfiguration or bug?\n";
            $return = 1;
        }
    }
    elsif ($viewer_update_method == 4) {
        if (defined $$Pext_cmd) {
            $return = &Run_subst();
        }
        else {
            warn "$My_name: viewer is supposed to be updated by running a command,\n",
                 "  but no command is defined.  Misconfiguration or bug?\n";
        }
    }
    return $return;
} #END do_update_view

#************************************************************

sub if_source {
    # Unconditionally apply rule if source file exists.
    # Assumes rule context
    if ( -e $$Psource ) {
        return &Run_subst();
    }
    else {
        warn "Needed source file '$$Psource' does not exist.\n";
        return -1;
    }
} #END if_source

#************************************************************
#### Subroutines
#************************************************************
#************************************************************

sub find_basename {
    # Finds the basename of the root file
    # Arguments:
    #  1 - Filename to breakdown
    #  2 - Where to place base file
    #  3 - Where to place tex file
    #  Returns non-zero if tex file does not exist

    my $fail = 0;
    local ( $given_name, $base_name, $ext, $path, $tex_name, $source_name );
    $given_name = $_[0];
    $source_name = '';
    $tex_name = $given_name;   # Default name if I don't find the tex file
    ($base_name, $path, $ext) = fileparseB( $given_name );

    # Treatment of extensions (in TeXLive 2019), with omission of path search:
    # Exists: always means exists as a file, i.e., not as a directory.
    #  A. Finding of tex file:
    #   1. If extension is .tex and given_name.tex exists, use it.
    #   2. Else if given_name.tex exists, use it.
    #   3. Else if givne_name exists, use it.
    # B. The base filename is obtained by deleting the path
    #    component and the extension.
    # C. The names of generated files (log, aux) are obtained by appending
    #    .log, .aux, etc to the basename.  Note that these are all in the
    #    CURRENT directory (or the output or aux directory, as appropriate).
    #    The drive/path part of the originally given filename is ignored.

    # Here we'll do:
    # 1. Find the tex file by the above method, if possible.
    # 2. If not, find a custom dependency with a source file that exists to
    #      make the tex file so that after the tex file is made, the above
    #      rules find the tex file.
    # 3. If that also fails, use kpsewhich on given_name to find the tex
    #      file
    # 4. If that also fails, report non-existent tex file.


    if ( ($ext eq '.tex') && (-f $given_name) ) {
       $tex_name = "$given_name";
    }
    elsif ( -f "$given_name.tex" ) {
       $tex_name = "$given_name.tex";
       $base_name .= $ext;
    }
    elsif ( -f $given_name ) {
       $tex_name = $given_name;
    }
    elsif ( ($ext eq '.tex') && find_cus_dep( $given_name, $source_name ) ) {
       $tex_name = $given_name;
    }
    elsif ( find_cus_dep( "$given_name.tex", \$source_name ) ) {
       $tex_name = "$given_name.tex";
       $base_name .= $ext;
    }
    elsif ( ($ext =~ /^\..+/) && find_cus_dep( $given_name, $source_name ) ) {
       $tex_name = $given_name;
    }
    else {
        my @kpse_result = kpsewhich( $given_name );
        if ($#kpse_result < 0) {
            $fail = 1;
        }
        else {
            $tex_name = $kpse_result[0];
            ($base_name) = fileparseB( $tex_name );
        }
    }

    $_[1] = $base_name;
    $_[2] = $tex_name;

    if ($diagnostics) {
       print "Given='$given_name', tex='$tex_name', base='$base_name', ext= $ext, source='$source_name'\n";
    }
    return $fail;

} #END find_basename

#************************************************************

sub make_preview_continuous {
    local @changed = ();
    local %changed_rules = ();
    local @changed_user = ();
    local @disappeared = ();
    local @no_dest = ();       # Non-existent destination files
    local @rules_never_run = ();
    local @rules_to_apply = ();

    local $failure = 0;
    local %rules_applied = ();
    local $updated = 0;

    print "======= Need to update make_preview_continuous for target files\n";
    
    $quell_uptodate_msgs = 1;

    if ( ($view eq 'dvi') || ($view eq 'pdf') || ($view eq 'ps') ) { 
        warn "Viewing $view\n";
    }
    elsif ( $view eq 'none' ) {
        warn "Not using a previewer\n";
        $view_file = '';
    }
    else {
        warn "$My_name:  BUG: Invalid preview method '$view'\n";
        exit 20;
    }

    my $viewer_running = 0;    # No viewer known to be running yet
    # Get information from update_view rule
    local $viewer_update_method = 0;
    # Pointers so we can update the following:
    local $Pviewer_process = undef;    
    local $Pneed_to_get_viewer_process = undef;
    rdb_one_rule( 'update_view', 
                  sub{ $viewer_update_method = $$PAint_cmd[1]; 
                       $Pviewer_process = \$$PAint_cmd[3]; 
                       $Pneed_to_get_viewer_process = \$$PAint_cmd[4]; 
                     } 
                );
    # Note that we don't get the previewer process number from the program
    # that starts it; that might only be a script to get things set up and the 
    # actual previewer could be (and sometimes IS) another process.

    if ( ($view_file ne '') && (-e $view_file) && !$new_viewer_always ) {
        # Is a viewer already running?
        #    (We'll save starting up another viewer.)
        $$Pviewer_process = &find_process_id( $view_file );
        if ( $$Pviewer_process ) {
            warn "$My_name: Previewer is already running\n" 
              if !$silent;
            $viewer_running = 1;
            $$Pneed_to_get_viewer_process = 0;
        }
    }

    # Loop forever, rebuilding .dvi and .ps as necessary.
    # Set $first_time to flag first run (to save unnecessary diagnostics)
    my $last_action_time = time();
    my $timed_out = 0;
CHANGE:
    for (my $first_time = 1; 1; $first_time = 0 ) {

        my %rules_to_watch = array_to_hash( &rdb_accessible );
        
        $updated = 0;
        $failure = 0;
        $failure_msg = '';
        if ( $MSWin_fudge_break && ($^O eq "MSWin32") ) {
            # Fudge under MSWin32 ONLY, to stop perl/latexmk from
            #   catching ctrl/C and ctrl/break, and let it only reach
            #   downstream programs. See comments at first definition of
            #   $MSWin_fudge_break.
            $SIG{BREAK} = $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';
        }
        if ($compiling_cmd) {
            Run_subst( $compiling_cmd );
        }
        $failure = &rdb_make;

        if ( $MSWin_fudge_break && ($^O eq "MSWin32") ) {
            $SIG{BREAK} = $SIG{INT} = 'DEFAULT';
        }
        # Start viewer if needed.
        if ( ($failure > 0) && (! $force_mode) ) {
            # No viewer yet
        }
        elsif ( ($view_file ne '') && (-e $view_file) && $updated && $viewer_running ) {
            # A viewer is running.  Explicitly get it to update screen if we have to do it:
            rdb_one_rule( 'update_view', \&rdb_run1 );
        }
        elsif ( ($view_file ne '') && (-e $view_file) && !$viewer_running ) {
            # Start the viewer
            if ( !$silent ) {
                if ($new_viewer_always) {
                    warn "$My_name: starting previewer for '$view_file'\n",
                         "------------\n";
                }
                else {
                    warn "$My_name: I have not found a previewer that ",
                         "is already running. \n",
                         "   So I will start it for '$view_file'\n",
                         "------------\n";
               }
            }
            local $retcode = 0;
            rdb_one_rule( 'view', sub { $retcode = &rdb_run1;} );
            if ( $retcode != 0 ) {
                if ($force_mode) {
                    warn "$My_name: I could not run previewer\n";
                }
                else {
                    &exit_msg1( "I could not run previewer", $retcode);
                }
            }
            else {
                $viewer_running = 1;
                $$Pneed_to_get_viewer_process = 1;
            } # end analyze result of trying to run viewer
        } # end start viewer
        if ( $failure > 0 ) {
            if ( !$failure_msg ) {
                $failure_msg = 'Failure to make the files correctly';
            }
            &rdb_set_rule_net;
            %rules_to_watch = array_to_hash( &rdb_accessible );

            # There will be files changed during the run that are irrelevant.
            # We need to wait for the user to change the files.

            # So set the GENERATED files from *latex as up-to-date:
            rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], \&rdb_update_gen_files );

            # And don't watch for changes for post_primary rules (ps and pdf 
            # from dvi, etc haven't been run after an error in *latex, so
            # are out-of-date by filetime criterion, but they should not be run
            # until after another *latex run:
            foreach (@post_primary) { delete $rules_to_watch{$_}; }

            $failure_msg =~ s/\s*$//;  #Remove trailing space
            warn "$My_name: $failure_msg\n",
    "    ==> You will need to change a source file before I do another run <==\n";
            if ($failure_cmd) {
                Run_subst( $failure_cmd );
            }
        }
        else {
            if ( ($#primary_warning_summary > -1) && $warning_cmd ) {
                Run_subst( $warning_cmd );
            }
            elsif ( ($#primary_warning_summary > -1) && $warnings_as_errors && $failure_cmd ) {
                Run_subst( $failure_cmd );
            }
            elsif ($success_cmd) {
                Run_subst( $success_cmd );
            }
        }
        rdb_show_rule_errors();
        if ($rules_list) { rdb_list(); }
        if ($show_time && ! $first_time) { show_timing(); }
        if ( $dependents_list && ($updated || $failure) ) {
           my $deps_handle = new FileHandle "> $deps_file";
           if ( defined $deps_handle ) {
               deps_list($deps_handle);
               close($deps_handle);
           }
           else {
               warn "Cannot open '$deps_file' for output of dependency information\n";
           }
         }

        # Now wait for a file to change...
        &rdb_cache_generated;
        # During waiting for file changes, handle ctrl/C and ctrl/break here,
        #   rather than letting system handle them by terminating script (and
        #   code in the following command line to work: any script that calls
        #   it).  This allows, for example, the command cleanup in the following
        #   command line to work:
        #          latexmk -pvc foo; cleanup;
        &catch_break;
        $have_break = 0;
        $last_action_time = time();
        $waiting = 1;
        print "\n=== Watching for updated files. Use ctrl/C to stop ...\n";
  WAIT: while (1) {
           sleep( $sleep_time );
           if ($have_break) { last WAIT; }
           if ( rdb_user_changes(keys %rules_to_watch) ) { 
               if (!$silent) {
                   warn "$My_name: Need to remake files.\n";
                   &rdb_diagnose_changes( '  ' );
               }
               last WAIT;
           }
           #  Don't count waiting time in processing:
           $processing_time1 = processing_time();
        # Does this do this job????
           local $new_files = 0;
           rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $new_files += &rdb_find_new_files } );
           if ($new_files > 0) {
               warn "$My_name: New file(s) found.\n";
               last WAIT; 
           }
           if ($have_break) { last WAIT; }
           if ($pvc_timeout && ( time() > $last_action_time+60*$pvc_timeout_mins ) ) {
               $timed_out = 1;
               last WAIT;
           }
     } # end WAIT:
     &default_break;
     if ($have_break) { 
          print "$My_name: User typed ctrl/C or ctrl/break.  I'll finish.\n";
          return;
     }
     if ($timed_out) {
         print "$My_name: More than $pvc_timeout_mins mins of inactivity.  I'll finish.\n";
         return;
     }
     $waiting = 0; if ($diagnostics) { warn "NOT       WAITING\n"; }
  } #end infinite_loop CHANGE:
} #END sub make_preview_continuous

#************************************************************

sub process_rc_file {
    # Usage process_rc_file( filename )
    # NEW VERSION
    # Run rc_file whose name is given in first argument
    #    Exit with code 0 on success
    #    Exit with code 1 if file cannot be read or does not exist.
    #    Stop if there is a syntax error or other problem.
    # PREVIOUSLY: 
    #    Exit with code 2 if is a syntax error or other problem.
    my $rc_file = $_[0];
    my $ret_code = 0;
    push @rc_files_read, $rc_file;

    # I could use the do command of perl, but the preceeding -r test
    # to get good diagnostics gets the wrong result under cygwin
    # (e.g., on /cygdrive/c/latexmk/LatexMk)
    my $RCH = new FileHandle;
    if ( !-e $rc_file ) {
        warn "$My_name: The rc-file '$rc_file' does not exist\n";
        return 1;
    }
    elsif ( -d $rc_file ) {
        warn "$My_name: The supposed rc-file '$rc_file' is a directory; but it\n",
             "          should be a normal text file\n";
        return 1;
    }
    elsif ( open $RCH, "<$rc_file" ) {
        my $code = '';
        { local $/; $code = <$RCH>;}
        close $RCH;
        eval $code;
    }
    else {
        warn "$My_name: I cannot read the rc-file '$rc_file'\n";
        return 1;
    }
    # PREVIOUS VERSION
#    if ( ! -r $rc_file ) {
#        warn "$My_name: I cannot read the rc-file '$rc_file'\n",
#            "          or at least that's what Perl (for $^O) reports\n";
#        return 1;
#    }
#    do( $rc_file );
    if ( $@ ) {
        # Indent each line of possibly multiline message:
        my $message = prefix( $@, "     " );
        warn "$My_name: Initialization file '$rc_file' gave an error:\n",
             "$message\n";
        die "$My_name: Stopping because of problem with rc file\n";
        # Use the following if want non-fatal error.
        return 2;
    }
    return 0;
} #END process_rc_file

#************************************************************

sub execute_code_string {
    # Usage execute_code_string( string_of_code )
    # Run the perl code contained in first argument
    #    Halt if there is a syntax error or other problem.
    # ???Should I leave the exiting to the caller (perhaps as an option)?
    #     But I can always catch it with an eval if necessary.
    #     That confuses ctrl/C and ctrl/break handling.
    my $code = $_[0];
    warn "$My_name: Executing initialization code specified by -e:\n",
         "   '$code'...\n" 
        if  $diagnostics;
    eval $code;
    # The return value from the eval is not useful, since it is the value of 
    #    the last expression evaluated, which could be anything.
    # The correct test of errors is on the value of $@.

    if ( $@ ) {
        # Indent each line of possibly multiline message:
        my $message = prefix( $@, "    " );
        die "$My_name: ",
            "Stopping because executing following code from command line\n",
            "    $code\n",
            "gave an error:\n",
            "$message\n";
    }
} #END execute_code_string

#************************************************************

sub cleanup1 {
    # Usage: cleanup1( directory, exts_without_period, ... )
    #
    # The directory and the root file name are fixed names, so I must escape
    #   any glob metacharacters in them:
    my $dir = fix_pattern( shift );
    my $root_fixed = fix_pattern( $root_filename );
    foreach (@_) { 
        my $name = /%R/ ? $_ : "%R.$_";
        $name =~ s/%R/${root_fixed}/;
        $name = $dir.$name;
        unlink_or_move( my_glob( "$name" ) );
    }
} #END cleanup1

#************************************************************

sub cleanup_cusdep_generated {
    # Remove files generated by custom dependencies
    rdb_for_actives( \&cleanup_one_cusdep_generated );
} #END cleanup_cusdep_generated

#************************************************************

sub cleanup_one_cusdep_generated {
    # Remove destination file generated by one custom dependency
    # Assume rule context, but not that the rule is a custom dependency.
    # Only delete destination file if source file exists (so destination 
    #   file can be recreated)
    if ( $$Pcmd_type ne 'cusdep' ) {
       # NOT cusdep
       return;
    }
    if ( ! -e $$Psource ) {
        warn "$My_name: For custom dependency '$rule',\n",
             "    I won't delete destination file '$$Pdest'\n",
             "    and any other generated files,\n",
             "    because the source file '$$Psource' doesn't exist,\n",
             "    so the destination file may not be able to be recreated\n";
        return;
    }
    unlink_or_move( $$Pdest, keys %$PHdest );
} #END cleanup_one_cusdep_generated

#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#************************************************************

#   Error handling routines, warning routines, help

#************************************************************

sub die_trace {
    # Call: die_trace( message );
    &traceback;   # argument(s) passed unchanged
    die "\n";
} #END die_trace

#************************************************************

sub traceback {
    # Call: traceback() 
    # or traceback( message  )
    # NOT &traceback!!!
    my $msg = shift;
    if ($msg) { warn "$msg\n"; }
    warn "Traceback:\n";
    my $i=0;     # Start with immediate caller
    while ( my ($pack, $file, $line, $func) = caller($i++) ) {
        if ($func eq 'die_trace') { next; }
        warn "   $func called from line $line\n";
    }
} #END traceback

#************************************************************

sub exit_msg1
{
  # exit_msg1( error_message, retcode )
  #    1. display error message
  #    2. exit with retcode
  warn "\n------------\n";
  warn "$My_name: $_[0].\n";
  warn "-- Use the -f option to force complete processing.\n";

  my $retcode = $_[1];
  if ($retcode >= 256) {
     # Retcode is the kind returned by system from an external command
     # which is 256 * command's_retcode
     $retcode /= 256;
  }
  exit $retcode;
} #END exit_msg1

#************************************************************

sub warn_running {
   # Message about running program:
    if ( $silent ) {
        warn "$My_name: @_\n";
    }
    else {
        warn "------------\n@_\n------------\n";
    }
} #END warn_running

#************************************************************

sub exit_help
# Exit giving diagnostic from arguments and how to get help.
{
    warn "\n$My_name: @_\n",
         "Use\n",
         "   $my_name -help\nto get usage information\n";
    exit 10;
} #END exit_help


#************************************************************

sub print_help
{
  print
  "$My_name $version_num: Automatic LaTeX document generation routine\n\n",
  "Usage: $my_name [latexmk_options] [filename ...]\n\n",
  "  Latexmk_options:\n",
  "   -aux-directory=dir or -auxdir=dir \n",
  "                 - set name of directory for auxiliary files (aux, log)\n",
  "                 - Currently this only works with MiKTeX\n",
  "   -bibtex       - use bibtex when needed (default)\n",
  "   -bibtex-      - never use bibtex\n",
  "   -bibtex-cond  - use bibtex when needed, but only if the bib file exists\n",
  "   -bibtex-cond1 - use bibtex when needed, but only if the bib file exists;\n",
  "                   on cleanup delete bbl file only if bib file exists\n",
  "   -bibfudge or -bibtexfudge - change directory to output directory when running bibtex\n",
  "   -bibfudge- or -bibtexfudge- - don't change directory when running bibtex\n",
  "   -bm <message> - Print message across the page when converting to postscript\n",
  "   -bi <intensity> - Set contrast or intensity of banner\n",
  "   -bs <scale> - Set scale for banner\n",
  "   -commands  - list commands used by $my_name for processing files\n",
  "   -c     - clean up (remove) all nonessential files, except\n",
  "            dvi, ps and pdf files.\n",
  "            This and the other clean-ups are instead of a regular make.\n",
  "   -C     - clean up (remove) all nonessential files\n",
  "            including aux, dep, dvi, postscript and pdf files\n",
  "            and file of database of file information\n",
  "   -CA     - clean up (remove) all nonessential files.\n",
  "            Equivalent to -C option.\n",
  "   -CF     - Remove file of database of file information before doing \n",
  "            other actions\n",
  "   -cd    - Change to directory of source file when processing it\n",
  "   -cd-   - Do NOT change to directory of source file when processing it\n",
  "   -dependents or -deps - Show list of dependent files after processing\n",
  "   -dependents- or -deps- - Do not show list of dependent files\n",
  "   -deps-out=file - Set name of output file for dependency list,\n",
  "                    and turn on showing of dependency list\n",
  "   -dF <filter> - Filter to apply to dvi file\n",
  "   -dir-report  - Before processing a tex file, report aux and out dir settings\n",
  "   -dir-report- - Before processing a tex file, do not report aux and out dir settings\n",
  "   -dvi   - generate dvi\n",
  "   -dvi-  - turn off required dvi\n",
  "   -e <code> - Execute specified Perl code (as part of latexmk start-up\n",
  "               code)\n",
  "   -emulate-aux-dir  - emulate -aux-directory option for *latex\n",
  "   -emulate-aux-dir- - use -aux-directory option with *latex\n",
  "   -f     - force continued processing past errors\n",
  "   -f-    - turn off forced continuing processing past errors\n",
  "   -gg    - Super go mode: clean out generated files (-CA), and then\n",
  "            process files regardless of file timestamps\n",
  "   -g     - process at least one run of all rules\n",
  "   -g-    - Turn off -g and -gg\n",
  "   -h     - print help\n",
  "   -help - print help\n",
  "   -indexfudge or -makeindexfudge - change directory to output directory when running makeindex\n",
  "   -indexfudge- or -makeindexfudge- - don't change directory when running makeindex\n",
  "   -jobname=STRING - set basename of output file(s) to STRING.\n",
  "            (Like --jobname=STRING on command line for many current\n",
  "            implementations of latex/pdflatex.)\n",
  "   -l     - force landscape mode\n",
  "   -l-    - turn off -l\n",
  "   -latex=<program> - set program used for latex.\n",
  "                      (replace '<program>' by the program name)\n",
  "   -latexoption=<option> - add the given option to the *latex command\n",
  "   -logfilewarninglist or -logfilewarnings \n",
  "               give list of warnings after run of *latex\n",
  "   -logfilewarninglist- or -logfilewarnings- \n",
  "               do not give list of warnings after run of *latex\n",
  "   -lualatex     - use lualatex for processing files to pdf\n",
  "                   and turn dvi/ps modes off\n",
  "   -M     - Show list of dependent files after processing\n",
  "   -MF file - Specifies name of file to receives list dependent files\n",
  "   -MP    - List of dependent files includes phony target for each source file.\n",
  "   -makeindexfudge - change directory to output directory when running makeindex\n",
  "   -makeindexfudge-- don't change directory to output directory when running makeindex\n",
  "   -MSWinBackSlash  under MSWin use backslash (\\) for directory separators\n",
  "                    for filenames given to called programs\n",
  "   -MSWinBackSlash-  under MSWin use forward slash (/) for directory separators\n",
  "                     for filenames given to called programs\n",
  "   -new-viewer    - in -pvc mode, always start a new viewer\n",
  "   -new-viewer-   - in -pvc mode, start a new viewer only if needed\n",
  "   -nobibtex      - never use bibtex\n",
  "   -nobibfudge or -nobibtexfudge - don't change directory when running bibtex\n",
  "   -nodependents  - Do not show list of dependent files after processing\n",
  "   -noemulate-aux-dir - use -aux-directory option with *latex\n",
  "   -noindexfudge or -nomakeindexfudge - don't change directory when running makeindex\n",
  "   -norc          - omit automatic reading of system, user and project rc files\n",
  "   -output-directory=dir or -outdir=dir\n",
  "                  - set name of directory for output files\n",
  "   -output-format=FORMAT\n",
  "                  - if FORMAT is dvi, turn on dvi output, turn off others\n",
  "                  - if FORMAT is pdf, turn on pdf output, turn off others\n",
  "                  - otherwise error\n",    
  "   -pdf   - generate pdf by pdflatex\n",
  "   -pdfdvi - generate pdf by dvipdf\n",
  "   -pdflatex=<program> - set program used for pdflatex.\n",
  "                      (replace '<program>' by the program name)\n",
  "   -pdflualatex=<program> - set program used for lualatex.\n",
  "                      (replace '<program>' by the program name)\n",
  "   -pdfps - generate pdf by ps2pdf\n",
  "   -pdflua - generate pdf by lualatex\n",
  "   -pdfxe - generate pdf by xelatex\n",
  "   -pdfxelatex=<program> - set program used for xelatex.\n",
  "                      (replace '<program>' by the program name)\n",
  "   -pdf-  - turn off pdf\n",
  "   -ps    - generate postscript\n",
  "   -ps-   - turn off postscript\n",
  "   -pF <filter> - Filter to apply to postscript file\n",
  "   -p     - print document after generating postscript.\n",
  "            (Can also .dvi or .pdf files -- see documentation)\n",
  "   -pretex=<TeX code> - Sets TeX code to be executed before inputting source\n",
  "                    file, if commands suitable configured\n",    
  "   -print=dvi     - when file is to be printed, print the dvi file\n",
  "   -print=ps      - when file is to be printed, print the ps file (default)\n",
  "   -print=pdf     - when file is to be printed, print the pdf file\n",
  "   -pv    - preview document.  (Side effect turn off continuous preview)\n",
  "   -pv-   - turn off preview mode\n",
  "   -pvc   - preview document and continuously update.  (This also turns\n",
  "                on force mode, so errors do not cause $my_name to stop.)\n",
  "            (Side effect: turn off ordinary preview mode.)\n",
  "   -pvc-  - turn off -pvc\n",
  "   -pvctimeout    - timeout in pvc mode after period of inactivity\n",
  "   -pvctimeout-   - don't timeout in pvc mode after inactivity\n",
  "   -pvctimeoutmins=<time> - set period of inactivity (minutes) for pvc timeout\n",
  "   -quiet    - silence progress messages from called programs\n",
  "   -r <file> - Read custom RC file\n",
  "               (N.B. This file could override options specified earlier\n",
  "               on the command line.)\n",
  "   -rc-report  - After initialization, report names of rc files read\n",
  "   -rc-report- - After initialization, do not report names of rc files read\n",
  "   -recorder - Use -recorder option for *latex\n",
  "               (to give list of input and output files)\n",
  "   -recorder- - Do not use -recorder option for *latex\n",
  "   -rules    - Show list of rules after processing\n",
  "   -rules-   - Do not show list of rules after processing\n",
  "   -showextraoptions  - Show other allowed options that are simply passed\n",
  "               as is to latex and pdflatex\n",
  "   -silent   - silence progress messages from called programs\n",
  "   -stdtexcmds - Sets standard commands for *latex\n",    
  "   -time     - show CPU time used\n",
  "   -time-    - don't show CPU time used\n",
  "   -use-make - use the make program to try to make missing files\n",
  "   -use-make- - don't use the make program to try to make missing files\n",
  "   -usepretex - Sets commands for *latex to use extra code before inputting\n",
  "                source file\n",    
  "   -usepretex=<TeX code> - Equivalent to -pretex=<TeX code> -usepretex\n",
  "   -v        - display program version\n",
  "   -verbose  - display usual progress messages from called programs\n",
  "   -version      - display program version\n",
  "   -view=default - viewer is default (dvi, ps, pdf)\n",
  "   -view=dvi     - viewer is for dvi\n",
  "   -view=none    - no viewer is used\n",
  "   -view=ps      - viewer is for ps\n",
  "   -view=pdf     - viewer is for pdf\n",
  "   -Werror   - treat warnings from called programs as errors\n",
  "   -xelatex      - use xelatex for processing files to pdf\n",
  "                   and turn dvi/ps modes off\n",
  "\n",
  "   filename = the root filename of LaTeX document\n",
  "\n",
  "-p, -pv and -pvc are mutually exclusive\n",
  "-h, -c and -C override all other options.\n",
  "-pv and -pvc require one and only one filename specified\n",
  "All options can be introduced by '-' or '--'.  (E.g., --help or -help.)\n",
  " \n",
  "In addition, latexmk recognizes many other options that are passed to\n",
  "latex and/or pdflatex without interpretation by latexmk.  Run latexmk\n",
  "with the option -showextraoptions to see a list of these\n",
  "\n",
  "Report bugs etc to John Collins <jcc8 at psu.edu>.\n";

} #END print_help

#************************************************************

sub print_commands {
  warn "Commands used by $my_name:\n",
       "   To run latex, I use \"$latex\"\n",
       "   To run pdflatex, I use \"$pdflatex\"\n",
       "   To run lualatex, I use \"$lualatex\"\n",
       "   To run xelatex, I use \"$xelatex\"\n",
       "   To run biber, I use \"$biber\"\n",
       "   To run bibtex, I use \"$bibtex\"\n",
       "   To run makeindex, I use \"$makeindex\"\n",
       "   To make a ps file from a dvi file, I use \"$dvips\"\n",
       "   To make a ps file from a dvi file with landscape format, ",
           "I use \"$dvips_landscape\"\n",
       "   To make a pdf file from a dvi file, I use \"$dvipdf\"\n",
       "   To make a pdf file from a ps file, I use \"$ps2pdf\"\n",
       "   To make a pdf file from an xdv file, I use \"$xdvipdfmx\"\n",
       "   To view a pdf file, I use \"$pdf_previewer\"\n",
       "   To view a ps file, I use \"$ps_previewer\"\n",
       "   To view a ps file in landscape format, ",
            "I use \"$ps_previewer_landscape\"\n",
       "   To view a dvi file, I use \"$dvi_previewer\"\n",
       "   To view a dvi file in landscape format, ",
            "I use \"$dvi_previewer_landscape\"\n",
       "   To print a ps file, I use \"$lpr\"\n",
       "   To print a dvi file, I use \"$lpr_dvi\"\n",
       "   To print a pdf file, I use \"$lpr_pdf\"\n",
       "   To find running processes, I use \"$pscmd\", \n",
       "      and the process number is at position $pid_position\n";
   warn "Notes:\n",
        "  Command starting with \"start\" is run detached\n",
        "  Command that is just \"start\" without any other command, is\n",
        "     used under MS-Windows to run the command the operating system\n",
        "     has associated with the relevant file.\n",
        "  Command starting with \"NONE\" is not used at all\n";
} #END print_commands

#************************************************************

sub view_file_via_temporary {
    return $always_view_file_via_temporary 
           || ($pvc_view_file_via_temporary && $preview_continuous_mode);
} #END view_file_via_temporary

#************************************************************
#### Tex-related utilities

#**************************************************

sub check_biber_log {
    # Check for biber warnings:
    # Usage: check_biber_log( base_of_biber_run, \@biber_source )
    # return 0: OK;
    #        1: biber warnings;
    #        2: biber errors;
    #        3: could not open .blg file;
    #        4: failed to find one or more source files, except for bibfile;
    #        5: failed to find bib file;
    #        6: missing file, one of which is control file
    #       10: only error is missing \citation commands.
    #       11: Malformed bcf file (normally due to error in pdflatex run)
    # Side effect: add source files @biber_source
    my $base = $_[0];
    my $Pbiber_source = $_[1];
    my $blg_name = "$base.blg";
    my $blg_file = new FileHandle;
    open( $blg_file, "<$blg_name" )
      or return 3;
    my $have_warning = 0;
    my $have_error = 0;
    my $missing_citations = 0;
    my $no_citations = 0;
    my $error_count = 0;            # From my counting of error messages
    my $warning_count = 0;          # From my counting of warning messages
    # The next two occur only from biber
    my $bibers_error_count = 0;     # From biber's counting of errors
    my $bibers_warning_count = 0;   # From biber's counting of warnings
    my $not_found_count = 0;
    my $control_file_missing = 0;
    my $control_file_malformed = 0;
    my %remote = ();                # List of extensions of remote files
    while (<$blg_file>) {
        if (/> WARN /) { 
            print "Biber warning: $_"; 
            $have_warning = 1;
            $warning_count ++;
        }
        elsif (/> (FATAL|ERROR) /) {
            print "Biber error: $_"; 
            if ( /> (FATAL|ERROR) - Cannot find file '([^']+)'/    #'
                 || /> (FATAL|ERROR) - Cannot find '([^']+)'/ ) {  #'
                $not_found_count++;
                push @$Pbiber_source, $2;
            }
            elsif ( /> (FATAL|ERROR) - Cannot find control file '([^']+)'/ ) {  #'
                $not_found_count++;
                $control_file_missing = 1;
                push @$Pbiber_source, $2;
            }
            elsif ( /> ERROR - .*\.bcf is malformed/ ) {
                #  Special treatment: Malformed .bcf file commonly results from error
                #  in *latex run.  This error must be ignored.
                $control_file_malformed = 1;
            }
            else {
                $have_error = 1;
                $error_count ++;
                if ( /> (FATAL|ERROR) - The file '[^']+' does not contain any citations!/ ) { #'
                    $no_citations++;
                }
            }
        }
        elsif ( /> INFO - Data source '([^']*)' is a remote BibTeX data source - fetching/
            ){
            my $spec = $1;
            my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $spec );
            $remote{$ext} = 1;
        }
        elsif ( /> INFO - Found .* '([^']+)'\s*$/
                || /> INFO - Found '([^']+)'\s*$/
                || /> INFO - Reading '([^']+)'\s*$/
                || /> INFO - Processing .* file '([^']+)'.*$/
                || /> INFO - Config file is '([^']+)'.*$/
            ) {
            my $file = $1;
            my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $file );
            if ($remote{$ext} && ( $base =~ /^biber_remote_data_source/ ) && 1) {
                # Ignore the file, which appears to be a temporary local copy
                # of a remote file. Treating the file as a source file will
                # be misleading, since it will normally have been deleted by
                # biber itself.
            }
            elsif ( (defined $Pbiber_source) && (-e $file) ) {
                # Note that biber log file gives full path to file. (No search is
                # needed to find it.)  The file must have existed when biber was
                # run.  If it doesn't exist now, a few moments later, it must
                # have gotten deleted, probably by biber (e.g., because it is a
                # copy of a remote file).
                # So I have included a condition above that the file must
                # exist to be included in the source-file list.
                push @$Pbiber_source, $file;
            }
        }
        elsif ( /> INFO - WARNINGS: ([\d]+)\s*$/ ) {
            $bibers_warning_count = $1;
        }
        elsif ( /> INFO - ERRORS: ([\d]+)\s*$/ ) {
            $bibers_error_count = $1;
        }
    }
    close $blg_file;
    if ($control_file_malformed){return 11;} 

    my @not_found = &find_file_list1( $Pbiber_source, $Pbiber_source,
                                      '', \@BIBINPUTS );
    @$Pbiber_source = uniqs( @$Pbiber_source );

    if ( ($#not_found < 0) && ($#$Pbiber_source >= 0) ) {
        warn "$My_name: Found biber source file(s) [@$Pbiber_source]\n"
        unless $silent;
    }
    elsif ( ($#not_found == 0) && ($not_found[0] =~ /\.bib$/) ) {
        # Special treatment if sole missing file is bib file
        # I don't want to treat that as an error
        warn "$My_name: Biber did't find bib file [$not_found[0]]\n";
        return 5;
    }
    else {
        warn "$My_name: Failed to find one or more biber source files:\n";
        foreach (@not_found) { warn "    '$_'\n"; }
        if ($force_mode) {
            warn "==== Force_mode is on, so I will continue.  ",
                 "But there may be problems ===\n";
        }
        if ($control_file_missing) {
            return 6;
        }
        return 4;
    }
#    print "$My_name: #Biber errors = $error_count, warning messages = $warning_count,\n  ",
#          "missing citation messages = $missing_citations, no_citations = $no_citations\n";
    if ( ! $have_error && $no_citations ) {
        # If the only errors are missing citations, or lack of citations, that should
        # count as a warning.
        # HOWEVER: biber doesn't generate a new bbl.  So it is an error condition.
        return 10;
    }
    if ($have_error) {return 2;}
    if ($have_warning) {return 1;}
    return 0;
} #END check_biber_log

#**************************************************

sub run_bibtex {
    my $return = 999;
    # Prevent changes we make to environment becoming global:
    local %ENV = %ENV;

    my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $$Psource );
    # Define source and dest base to include extension, no path.
    my $source_base = $base.$ext;
    my $dest_base = basename( $$Pdest );
    if ( $path && $bibtex_fudge ) {
        # Up to TeXLive 2018, the following was true; situation has changed since.
        #   When an output directory is specified and with a bibtex from 2018 or
        #   earlier, running 'bibtex output/main.aux' doesn't find subsidiary .aux
        #   files, as from \@include{chap.aux}.  To evade the bug, we change
        #   directory to the directory of the top-level .aux file to run bibtex.
        #   But we have to fix search paths for .bib and .bst, since they may be
        #   specified relative to the document directory.
        # There is also another problem: Depending on the exact
        #   specification of the aux dir, bibtex may refuse to write to the
        #   aux dir, for security reasons.
        my $cwd = good_cwd();
        foreach ( 'BIBINPUTS', 'BSTINPUTS' ) {
            if ( exists $ENV{$_} ) {
                $ENV{$_} = $cwd.$search_path_separator.$ENV{$_};
            }
            else {
                $ENV{$_} = $cwd.$search_path_separator;
            }
        }
        pushd( $path );
        if (!$silent) {
            print "$My_name: Change directory to '$path'.\n",
                  "To assist finding of files in document\n",
                  "directory, I set\n",
                  "  BIBINPUTS='$ENV{BIBINPUTS}'\n",
                  "  BSTINPUTS='$ENV{BSTINPUTS}'.\n";
        }
        # Override standard substitutions for source, dest, and base names in
        # default external command:
        $return = &Run_subst( undef, undef, '', $source_base, $dest_base, $base );
        popd();
        if (!$silent) {
            print "$My_name: Change directory back to '", cwd(), "'\n";
        }
    }
    else {
        # Use default substitutions etc for rule:
        $return = Run_subst();
    }
    return $return;
} #END run_bibtex

#**************************************************

sub run_makeindex {
    my $return = 999;
    my ( $base, $path, $ext ) = fileparseA( $$Psource );

    # Define source and dest base to include extension, no path.
    my $source_base = $base.$ext;
    my $dest_base = basename( $$Pdest );
    if ( $path && $makeindex_fudge ) {
        my $cwd = good_cwd();
        pushd( $path );
        if (!$silent) {
            print "$My_name: Change directory to '$path'.\n";
        }
        # Override standard substitutions for source, dest, and base names in
        # default external command:
        $return = &Run_subst( undef, undef, '', $source_base, $dest_base, $base );
        popd();
        if (!$silent) {
            print "$My_name: Change directory back to '", cwd(), "'\n";
        }
    }
    else {
        # Use default substitutions etc for rule:
        $return = Run_subst();
    }
    return $return;
} #END run_makeindex

#**************************************************

sub check_bibtex_log {
    # Check for bibtex warnings:
    # Usage: check_bibtex_log( base_of_bibtex_run )
    # return 0: OK, 1: bibtex warnings, 2: bibtex errors, 
    #        3: could not open .blg file.
    #       10: only error is missing \citation commands or a missing aux file
    #           (which would normally be corrected after a later run of 
    #           *latex).

    my $base = $_[0];
    my $blg_name = "$base.blg";
    my $blg_file = new FileHandle;
    open( $blg_file, "<$blg_name" )
      or return 3;
    my $have_warning = 0;
    my $have_error = 0;
    my $missing_citations = 0;
    my @missing_aux = ();
    my $error_count = 0;
    while (<$blg_file>) {
        if (/^Warning--/) { 
            #print "Bibtex warning: $_"; 
            $have_warning = 1;
        }
        elsif ( /^I couldn\'t open auxiliary file (.*\.aux)/ ) {
            push @missing_aux, $1;
        }
        elsif ( /^I found no \\citation commands---while reading file/ ) {
            $missing_citations++;
        }
        elsif (/There (were|was) (\d+) error message/) {
            $error_count = $2;
            #print "Bibtex error: count=$error_count $_"; 
            $have_error = 1;
        }
    }
    close $blg_file;
    my $missing = $missing_citations + $#missing_aux + 1;
    if ( $#missing_aux > -1 ) {
        # Need to make the missing files.
        warn "$My_name: One or more aux files is missing for bibtex. I'll try\n",
             "          to get *latex to remake them.\n";
        rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
    }
    #print "Bibtex errors = $error_count, missing aux files and citations = $missing\n";
    if ($have_error && ($error_count <= $missing )
        && ($missing > 0) ) {
        # If the only error is a missing citation line, that should only
        # count as a warning.
        # Also a missing aux file should be innocuous; it will be created on
        # next run of *latex.  ?? HAVE I HANDLED THAT CORRECTLY?
        # But have to deal with the problem that bibtex gives a non-zero 
        # exit code.  So leave things as they are so that the user gets
        # a better diagnostic ??????????????????????????
#        $have_error = 0;
#        $have_warning = 1;
        return 10;
    }
    if ($have_error) {return 2;}
    if ($have_warning) {return 1;}
    return 0;
} #END check_bibtex_log

#**************************************************

sub normalize_force_directory {
    #  Usage, normalize_force_directory( dir, filename )
    #  Filename is assumed to be relative to dir (terminated with directory separator).
    #  Perform the following operations:
    #    Clean filename
    #    Prefix filename with dir
    #    Normalize filename
    #  Return result
    my $dir = $_[0];
    my $filename = clean_filename( $_[1] );
    $filename = "$dir$filename";
    return normalize_filename( $filename );
} #END normalize force_directory

#**************************************************

sub set_names {
    # Set names of standard files.  These are global variables.

    ## Remove extension from filename if was given.
    if ( find_basename($filename, $root_filename, $texfile_name) )  {
        if ( $force_mode ) {
           warn "$My_name: Could not find file '$texfile_name'\n";
        }
        else {
            &ifcd_popd;
            &exit_msg1( "Could not find file '$texfile_name'",
                        11);
        }
    }
    $tex_basename = $root_filename;  # Base name of TeX file itself
    if ($jobname ne '' ) {
        $root_filename = $jobname;
        $root_filename =~ s/%A/$tex_basename/g;
    }

    $aux_main = "%Y%R.aux";
    $log_name = "%Y%R.log";
    $fdb_name = "%Y%R.$fdb_ext";
    # Note: Only MiKTeX allows out_dir ne aux_dir. It puts
    #       .fls file in out_dir, not aux_dir, which seems
    #       not natural.
    $fls_name = "%Z%R.fls";

    $dvi_name  = "%Z%R.dvi";
    $dviF_name = "%Z%R.dviF";
    $ps_name   = "%Z%R.ps";
    $psF_name  = "%Z%R.psF";
    $pdf_name  = "%Z%R.pdf";
    ## It would be logical for a .xdv file to be put in the out_dir,
    ## just like a .dvi file.  But the only program, MiKTeX, that
    ## currently implements aux_dir, and hence allows aux_dir ne out_dir,
    ## puts .xdv file in aux_dir.  So we must use %Y not %Z:
    $xdv_name   = "%Y%R.xdv";

    foreach ( $aux_main, $log_name, $fdb_name, $fls_name,
              $dvi_name, $ps_name, $pdf_name, $xdv_name, $dviF_name, $psF_name ) {
        s/%R/$root_filename/g;
        s/%Y/$aux_dir1/;
        s/%Z/$out_dir1/;
    }

    $dvi_final = $dvi_name;
    $ps_final  = $ps_name;
    $pdf_final = $pdf_name;
    $xdv_final = $xdv_name;

    if ( length($dvi_filter) > 0) {
        $dvi_final = $dviF_name;
    }
    if ( length($ps_filter) > 0) {
        $ps_final = $psF_name;
    }
}

#**************************************************

sub move_out_files_from_aux {
    # Move output and fls files to out_dir
    # Omit 'xdv', that goes to aux_dir (as with MiKTeX). It's not final output.
    foreach my $ext ( 'fls', 'dvi', 'pdf', 'ps', 'synctex', 'synctex.gz' ) {
        # Include fls file, because MiKTeX puts it in out_dir, rather than
        # aux_dir, which would seem more natural.  We must maintain
        # compatibility.
        my $from =  "$aux_dir1$root_filename.$ext";
        my $to = "$out_dir1$root_filename.$ext" ;
        if ( test_gen_file( $from ) ) {
            if (! $silent) { warn "$My_name: Moving '$from' to '$to'\n"; }
            my $ret = move( $from, $to );
            if ( ! $ret ) { die "  That failed, with message '$!'\n";}
        }
    }
}

#***************************************************

sub parse_log {
# Scan log file for: dependent files
#    reference_changed, bad_reference, bad_citation
# Return value: 1 if success, 0 if no log file.
# Put results in UPDATES of global variables (which are normally declared
# local in calling routine, to be suitably scoped):
#   %dependents: maps definite dependents to code:
#      0 = from missing-file line
#            May have no extension
#            May be missing path
#      1 = from 'File: ... Graphic file (type ...)' line
#            no path.  Should exist, but may need a search, by kpsewhich.
#      2 = from regular '(...' coding for input file, 
#            Has NO path, which it would do if LaTeX file
#            Highly likely to be mis-parsed line
#      3 = ditto, but has a path character ('/').  
#            Should be LaTeX file that exists.
#            If it doesn't exist, we have probably a mis-parsed line.
#            There's no need to do a search.
#      4 = definitive, which in this subroutine is only done:
#             for default dependents, 
#             and for files that exist and are source of conversion
#                reported by epstopdf et al.
#      5 = Had a missing file line.  Now the file exists.
#      6 = File was written during run.  (Overrides 5)
#      7 = File was created during run to be read in.  (Overrides 5 and 6)
#          (e.g., by epstopdf)
# Treat the following specially, since they have special rules
#   @bbl_files to list of .bbl files.
#   %idx_files to map from .idx files to .ind files.
# %generated_log: keys give set of files written by *latex (e.g., aux, idx)
#   as determined by \openout = ... lines in log file.
# @missing_subdirs = list of needed subdirectories of aux_dir
#   These are needed for writing aux_files when an included file is in
#   a subdirectory relative to the directory of the main TeX file.
#   This variable is only set when the needed subdirectories don't exist,
#   and the aux_dir is non-trivial, which results in an error message in 
#   the log file
#  %conversions Internally made conversions from one file to another
#
#  These may have earlier found information in them, so they should NOT
#  be initialized.
#
# Also SET
#   $reference_changed, $bad_reference, $bad_citation
#   $pwd_latex
#
# Put in trivial or default values if log file does not exist/cannot be opened
#
# Input globals: $primary_out, $fls_file_analyzed
#
   
   
# Give a quick way of looking up custom-dependency extensions
    my %cusdep_from = ();
    my %cusdep_to = ();
    foreach ( @cus_dep_list ) {
        my ($fromext, $toext) = split;
        $cusdep_from{$fromext} = $cusdep_from{".$fromext"} = $_;
        $cusdep_to{$toext} = $cusdep_to{".$toext"} = $_;
    }
#    print "==== Cusdep from-exts:"; foreach (keys %cusdep_from) {print " '$_'";} print "\n";
#    print "==== Cusdep to-exts:"; foreach (keys %cusdep_to) {print " '$_'";} print "\n";



    # $primary_out is actual output file (dvi or pdf)
    # It is initialized before the call to this routine, to ensure
    # a sensible default in case of misparsing

    $reference_changed = 0;
    $mult_defined = 0;
    $bad_reference = 0;
    $bad_character = 0;
    $bad_citation = 0;

    my $log_file = new FileHandle;
    if ( ! open( $log_file, "<$log_name" ) ) {
        return 0;
    }
    print "$My_name: Examining '$log_name'\n"
        if not $silent;
    if ($log_file_binary) { binmode $log_file; }
# Collect lines of log file
    my @lines = ();
    my $line = 0;
    my $engine = 'pdfTeX';  # Simple default in case of problems
    while(<$log_file>) {
        $line++;
        # Could use chomp here, but that fails if there is a mismatch
        #    between the end-of-line sequence used by latex and that
        #    used by perl.  (Notably a problem with MSWin latex and
        #    cygwin perl!)
        s/[\n\r]*$//;
        # Handle wrapped lines:
        # They are lines brutally broken at exactly $log_wrap chars 
        #    excluding line-end.  Sometimes a line $log_wrap chars 
        #    long is an ordinary line, sometimes it is part of a line
        #    that was wrapped.  To handle all cases, I keep both
        #    options open by putting the line into @lines before
        #    and after appending the next line:  
        my $len = length($_);
        if ($line == 1) {
            if ( /^This is ([^,]+), / ) {
                $engine = $1;
                print "=== TeX engine is '$engine'\n"
                    if (!$silent);
                if ( /^This is ([^,]+), [^\(]*\(([^\)]+)\)/ ) {
                    $tex_distribution = $2;
                    print "=== TeX distribution is '$tex_distribution'\n"
                        if ($diagnostics);
                }
            }
            else {
                warn "$My_name: First line of .log file '$log_name' is not in standard format.\n";
            }
        }
        else {
            # Xetex and luatex sometimes wrap at longer line lengths:
            # LuaTeX sometimes at 80. Xetex 80 or longer with non-ascii characters.
            while ( ( ($len == $log_wrap)
                      || ( ($engine eq 'LuaTeX') && ($len == $log_wrap+1) )
                      || ( ($engine eq 'LuaHBTeX') && ($len == $log_wrap+1) )
                      || ( ($engine eq 'XeTeX') &&  ($len >= $log_wrap+1) )
                    )
                    && !eof($log_file) ) {
                push @lines, $_;
                my $extra = <$log_file>;
                $extra =~ s/[\n\r]*$//;
                $len = length($extra);
                $_ .= $extra;
            }
        }
        push @lines, $_;
    }
    close $log_file;

    push @lines, "";   # Blank line to terminate.  So multiline blocks 
              # are always terminated by non-block line, rather than eof.
    
    $line = 0;
    my $state = 0;   # 0 => before ** line,
                     # 1 => after **filename line, before next line (first file-reading line)
                     # 2 => pwd_log determined.
    # For parsing multiple line blocks of info
    my $current_pkg = "";   # non-empty string for package name, if in 
                            # middle of parsing multi-line block of form:
                            #       Package name ....
                            #       (name) ...
                            #       ...
    my $block_type = "";         # Specify information in such a block
    my $delegated_source = "";   # If it is a file conversion, specify source
    my $delegated_output = "";   #    and output file.  (Don't put in
                                 #    data structure until block is ended.)
    my %new_conversions = ();
    my @retries = ();
    my $log_silent = ($silent ||  $silence_logfile_warnings);
    my @warning_list = ();
LINE:
    while( ($line <= $#lines) || ($#retries > -1) ) { 
        if ($#retries > -1) {
            $_ = pop @retries;
        }
        else {
            $_ = $lines[$line];
            $line ++;
        }
        if ( /^! pdfTeX warning/ || /^pdfTeX warning/ ) {
            # This kind of warning is produced by some versions of pdftex
            # or produced by my reparse of warnings from other
            # versions.
            next;
        }
        elsif ( /^(.+)(pdfTeX warning.*)$/ ) {
            # Line contains a pdfTeX warnings that may have been
            # inserted directly after other material without an
            # intervening new line.  I think pdfTeX always inserts a
            # newline after the warning.  (From examination of source
            # code.) 
            push @retries, $1;
            # But continue parsing the original line, in case it was a
            # misparse, e.g., of a filename ending in 'pdfTeX';
        }
        if ( $line == 1 ){
            if ( /^This is / ) {
                # First line OK
                next LINE;
            } else {
                warn "$My_name: Error on first line of '$log_name'.\n".
                    "This is apparently not a TeX log file.  ",
                    "The first line is:\n$_\n";
                $failure = 1;
                $failure_msg = "Log file '$log_name' appears to have wrong format.";
                return 0;
            }
        }

        if ( ($state == 0) && /^\*\*(.*)$/ ) {
            # Line containing first line specified to tex
            # It's either a filename or a command starting with \
            my $first = $1;
            $state = 1;
            if ( ! /^\\/ ) {
                $source_log = $first;
                if ( -e "$source_log.tex" ) { $source_log .= '.tex'; }
            }
            else {
                $state = 2;
            }
            next LINE;
        }
        elsif ( $state == 1 ) {
            $state = 2;
            if (-e $source_log) {
                # then the string preceeding $source_log on the line after the
                # ** line is probably the PWD as it appears in filenames in the
                # log file, except if the file appears in two locations.
                if ( m{^\("([^"]*)[/\\]\Q$source_log\E"} ) {
                    unshift @pwd_log, $1;
                }
                elsif ( m{^\((.*)[/\\]\Q$source_log\E} ) {
                    unshift @pwd_log, $1;
                }
            }
        }

        if ( $block_type ) {
            # In middle of parsing block
            if ( /^\($current_pkg\)/ ) {
                # Block continues
                if ( ($block_type eq 'conversion') 
                     && /^\($current_pkg\)\s+Output file: <([^>]+)>/ ) 
                {
                    $delegated_output = normalize_clean_filename($1, @pwd_log);
                }
                next LINE;
            }
            # Block has ended.
            if ($block_type eq 'conversion') {
#print "=== $delegated_source -> $delegated_output\n";
                 $new_conversions{$delegated_source} =  $delegated_output;
            }
            $current_pkg = $block_type 
                 = $delegated_source = $delegated_output = "";
            # Then process current line
        }

        # Check for changed references, bad references and bad citations:
        if (/Rerun to get/) { 
            warn "$My_name: References changed.\n" if ! $log_silent;
            $reference_changed = 1;
        } 
        if (/^LaTeX Warning: (Reference[^\001]*undefined on input line .*)\./) {
            push @warning_list, $1;
            $bad_reference++;
        } 
        elsif (/^LaTeX Warning: (Label [^\001]* multiply defined.*)\./) {
            push @warning_list, $1;
            $mult_defined++;
        }
        elsif (/^LaTeX Warning: (Citation[^\001]*undefined on input line .*)\./) {
            push @warning_list, $1;
            $bad_citation++;
        }
        elsif (/^Package natbib Warning: (Citation[^\001]*undefined on input line .*)\./) {
            push @warning_list, $1;
            $bad_citation++;
        }
        elsif ( /^Missing character: There is no /
                || /^! Package inputenc Error: Unicode character /
                || /^! Bad character code /
            ) {
            $bad_character++;
        } 
        elsif ( /^Document Class: / ) {
            # Class sign-on line
            next LINE;
        }
        elsif ( /^\(Font\)/ ) {
            # Font info line
            next LINE;
        }
        elsif (/^No pages of output\./) {
            $primary_out = ''; 
            warn "$My_name: Log file says no output from latex\n";
            next LINE;
        }
        elsif ( /^Output written on\s+(.*)\s+\(\d+\s+page/ ) {
            $primary_out = normalize_clean_filename($1, @pwd_log);
            warn "$My_name: Log file says output to '$primary_out'\n"
               unless $silent;
            next LINE;
        }
        elsif ( /^Overfull / 
             || /^Underfull / 
             || /^or enter new name\. \(Default extension: .*\)/ 
             || /^\*\*\* \(cannot \\read from terminal in nonstop modes\)/
           ) {
            # Latex error/warning, etc.
            next LINE;
        }
        elsif ( /^\\openout\d+\s*=\s*(.*)\s*$/ ) {
            # \openout followed by filename followed by line end.
            # pdflatex and xelatex quote it and wrap,
            # lualatex leaves filename as is, and doesn't wrap.
            # Filename is always relative to aux_dir, given standard security
            # settings in TeXLive.
            my $cand = $1;
            if ( $cand =~ /\`\"([^\'\"]+)\"\'\.$/ ) {
                # One form of quoting by pdflatex, xelatex: `"..."'.
                $cand = $1;
            }
            elsif ( $cand =~ /\`([^\']+)\'\.$/ ) {
                # Another form of quoting by pdflatex, xelatex: `...'.
                $cand = $1;
            }
            if ( $cand =~ /[\`\'\"]/){
                # Bad quotes: e.g., incomplete wrapped line
                next LINE;
            }
            $generated_log{ normalize_force_directory($aux_dir1, $cand) } = 1;
            next LINE;
        }
        # Test for conversion produced by package:
        elsif ( /^Package (\S+) Info: Source file: <([^>]+)>/ ) {
            # Info. produced by epstopdf (and possibly others) 
            #    about file conversion
            $current_pkg = normalize_clean_filename($1, @pwd_log);
            $delegated_source = normalize_clean_filename($2, @pwd_log);
            $block_type = 'conversion';
            next LINE;
        }
#    Test for writing of index file.  The precise format of the message 
#    depends on which package (makeidx.sty , multind.sty or index.sty) and 
#    which version writes the message.
        elsif ( /Writing index file (.*)$/ ) {
            my $idx_file = '';
            if ( /^Writing index file (.*)$/ ) {
                # From makeidx.sty or multind.sty
                $idx_file = $1;
            }
            elsif ( /^index\.sty> Writing index file (.*)$/ ) {
                # From old versions of index.sty
                $idx_file = $1;
            }
            elsif ( /^Package \S* Info: Writing index file (.*) on input line/ ) {
                # From new versions of index.sty
                $idx_file = $1;                
            }
            else {
                warn "$My_name: Message indicates index file was written\n",
                     "  ==> but I do not know how to understand it: <==\n",
                     "  '$_'\n";
                next LINE;
            }
                # Typically, there is trailing space, not part of filename:
            $idx_file =~ s/\s*$//;
                #  When *latex is run with an -output-directory 
                #    or an -aux_directory, the file name does not contain
                #    the path. Fix this:
            $idx_file = normalize_force_directory( $aux_dir1, $idx_file );
            my ($idx_base, $idx_path, $idx_ext) = fileparseA( $idx_file );
            $idx_base = $idx_path.$idx_base;
            $idx_file = $idx_base.$idx_ext;
            if ( $idx_ext eq '.idx' ) {
                warn "$My_name: Index file '$idx_file' was written\n"
                  unless $silent;
                $idx_files{$idx_file} = [ "$idx_base.ind", $idx_base ];
            }
            elsif ( exists $cusdep_from{$idx_ext} ) {
                if ( !$silent ) {
                    warn "$My_name: Index file '$idx_file' was written\n";
                    warn "   Cusdep '$cusdep_from{$idx_ext}' should be used\n";
                }
                # No action needed here
            }
            else {
                warn "$My_name: Index file '$idx_file' written\n",
                     "  ==> but it has an extension I do not know how to handle <==\n";
            }

            next LINE;
        }
        elsif ( /^No file (.*?\.bbl)./ ) {
            # Filename is always relative to aux_dir, given standard security
            # settings in TeXLive.
            my $bbl_file = normalize_force_directory( $aux_dir1, $1 );
            warn "$My_name: Missing bbl file '$bbl_file' in following:\n $_\n";
            $dependents{$bbl_file} = 0;
            push @bbl_files, $bbl_file;
            next LINE;
        }
        foreach my $pattern (@file_not_found) {
            if ( /$pattern/ ) {
                my $file = clean_filename($1);
                warn "$My_name: Missing input file '$file' (or dependence on it) from following:\n  '$_'\n"
                    unless $silent;
                $dependents{normalize_filename($file, @pwd_log)} = 0;
                my $file1 = $file;
                if ( $aux_dir && ($aux_dir ne '.') ) {
                    # Allow for the possibility that latex generated
                    # a file in $aux_dir, from which the missing file can
                    # be created by a cusdep (or other) rule that puts
                    # the result in $out_dir.  If the announced missing file
                    # has no path, then it would be effectively a missing
                    # file in $aux_dir, with a path.  So give this alternate
                    # location.
                    # It is also possible to have a file that is in a directory
                    # relative to the aux_dir, so allow for that as well
                    my $file1 = normalize_force_directory( $aux_dir1, $file );
                    $dependents{$file1} = 0;
                }
                next LINE;
            }
        }
        if ( (! $fls_file_analyzed)
             && /^File: (.+) Graphic file \(type / ) {
            # First line of message from includegraphics/x
            # But this does NOT include full path information
            #   (if exact match is not found and a non-trivial
            #   kpsearch was done by *latex).
            # But the source-file information is in the fls file,
            #   if we are using it.
            $dependents{normalize_clean_filename($1, @pwd_log)} = 1;
            next LINE;
        }
        # Now test for generic lines to ignore, only after special cases!
        if ( /^File: / ) {
           # Package sign-on line. Includegraphics/x also produces a line 
           # with this signature, but I've already handled it.
           next LINE;
        }
        if ( /^Package: / ) {
            # Package sign-on line
            next LINE;
        }
        if (/^\! LaTeX Error: / ) {
            next LINE;
        }
        if ( m[^! I can't write on file `(.*)/([^/']*)'.\s*$] ) {
            my $dir = $1;
            my $file = $2;
            my $full_dir = $aux_dir1.$dir;
            if ( ($aux_dir ne '') && (! -e $full_dir) && ( $file =~ /\.aux$/) ) {
                warn "$My_name: === There were problems writing to '$file' in '$full_dir'\n",
                     "    I'll try to make the subdirectory later.\n"
                  if $diagnostics;
                push @missing_subdirs, $full_dir;
            }
            else {
                warn "$My_name: ====== There were problems writing to",
                     "----- '$file' in '$full_dir'.\n",
                     "----- But this is not the standard situation of\n",
                     "----- aux file to subdir of output directory, with\n",
                     "----- non-existent subdir\n",
            }
        }

        if ( ($fls_file_analyzed) && (! $analyze_input_log_always) ) {
            # Skip the last part, which is all about finding input
            # file names which should all appear more reliably in the
            # fls file.
            next LINE;
        }
        
        my @new_includes = ();
        
   GRAPHICS_INCLUDE_CANDIDATE:
        while ( /<([^>]+)(>|$)/g ) {
            if ( -f $1 ) { push @new_includes, $1; }
         }  # GRAPHICS_INCLUDE_CANDIDATE:

   INCLUDE_CANDIDATE:
        while ( /\((.*$)/ ) {
        # Filename found by
        # '(', then filename, then terminator.
        # Terminators: obvious candidates: ')':  end of reading file
        #                                  '(':  beginning of next file
        #                                  ' ':  space is an obvious separator
        #                                  ' [': start of page: latex
        #                                        and pdflatex put a
        #                                        space before the '['
        #                                  '[':  start of config file
        #                                        in pdflatex, after
        #                                        basefilename.
        #                                  '{':  some kind of grouping
        # Problem: 
        #   All or almost all special characters are allowed in
        #   filenames under some OS, notably UNIX.  Luckily most cases
        #   are rare, if only because the special characters need
        #   escaping.  BUT 2 important cases are characters that are
        #   natural punctuation
        #   Under MSWin, spaces are common (e.g., "C:\Program Files")
        #   Under VAX/VMS, '[' delimits directory names.  This is
        #   tricky to handle.  But I think few users use this OS
        #   anymore.
        #
        # Solution: use ' [', but not '[' as first try at delimiter.
        # Then if candidate filename is of form 'name1[name2]', then
        #   try splitting it.  If 'name1' and/or 'name2' exists, put
        #   it/them in list, else just put 'name1[name2]' in list.
        # So form of filename is now:
        #  '(', 
        # then any number of characters that are NOT ')', '(', or '{'
        #   (these form the filename);
        # then ' [', or ' (', or ')', or end-of-string.
        # That fails for pdflatex
        # In log file:
        #   '(' => start of reading of file, followed by filename
        #   ')' => end of reading of file
        #   '[' => start of page (normally preceeded by space)
        # Remember: 
        #    filename (on VAX/VMS) may include '[' and ']' (directory
        #             separators) 
        #    filenames (on MS-Win) commonly include space.
        #    filenames on UNIX can included space.
        #    Miktex quotes filenames
        #    But web2c doesn't.  Then 
        #       (string  message
        #    is ambiguous: is the filename "string" or "string message".
        #    Allow both as candidates, since user filenames with spaces 
        #    are rare.  System filenames with spaces are common, but
        #    they are normally followed by a newline rather than messages. 

        # First step: replace $_ by whole of line after the '('
        #             Thus $_ is putative filename followed by other stuff.
            $_ = $1; 
            # Array of new candidate include files; sometimes more than one.
            my $quoted = 0;
            if ( /^\"([^\"]+)\"/ ) {
               # Quoted file name, as from MikTeX
                $quoted = 1;
            }
            elsif ( /^\"/ ) {
                # Incomplete quoted file, as in wrapped line before appending
                # next line
                next LINE;
            }
            elsif ( /^([^\(^\)]*?)\s+[\[\{\<]/ ) {
                # Terminator: space then '[' or '{' or '<'
                # Use *? in condition: to pick up first ' [' (etc) 
                # as terminator
            }
            elsif ( /^([^\(^\)]*)\s+(?=\()/ ) {
                # Terminator is ' (', but '(' isn't in matched string,
                # so we keep the '(' ready for the next match
            }
            elsif  ( /^([^\(^\)]*)(\))/ ) {
                # Terminator is ')'
            }
            else {
                #Terminator is end-of-string
            }
            $_ = $';       # Put $_ equal to the unmatched tail of string '
            my $include_candidate = $1;
            $include_candidate =~ s/\s*$//;   # Remove trailing space.
            if ($quoted) {
            # Remove quotes around filename.
                $include_candidate =~ s/^\"(.*)\"$/$1/;
            }
            elsif ( !$quoted && ($include_candidate =~ /(\S+)\s/ ) ){
                # Non-space-containing filename-candidate
                # followed by space followed by message
                # (Common)
                push @new_includes, $1;
            }
            if ($include_candidate =~ /[\"\'\`]/) {
                # Quote inside filename.  Probably misparse.
                next INCLUDE_CANDIDATE;
            }
            if ( $include_candidate eq "[]" ) {
                # Part of overfull hbox message
                next INCLUDE_CANDIDATE;
            }
            if ( $include_candidate =~ /^\\/ ) {
                # Part of font message
                next INCLUDE_CANDIDATE;
            }

            push @new_includes, $include_candidate;
            if ( $include_candidate =~ /^(.+)\[([^\]]+)\]$/ ) {
                # Construct of form 'file1[file2]', as produced by pdflatex
                if ( -e $1 ) {
                    # If the first component exists, we probably have the
                    #   pdflatex form
                    push @new_includes, $1, $2;
                }
                else {
                    # We have something else.
                    # So leave the original candidate in the list
                }
            }
        } # INCLUDE_CANDIDATE

    INCLUDE_NAME:
        foreach my $include_name (@new_includes) {
            if ($include_name =~ /[\"\'\`]/) {
                # Quote inside filename.  Probably misparse.
                next INCLUDE_NAME;
            }
            $include_name = normalize_filename( $include_name, @pwd_log );
            if ( ! defined $include_name )  { next INCLUDE_NAME; }
            my ($base, $path, $ext) = fileparseB( $include_name );
            if ( ($path eq './') || ($path eq '.\\') ) {
                $include_name = $base.$ext;
            }
            if ( $include_name !~ m'[/|\\]' ) {
                # Filename does not include a path character
                # High potential for misparsed line
                $dependents{$include_name} = 2;
            } else {
                $dependents{$include_name} = 3;
            }
            if ( $ext eq '.bbl' ) {
                warn "$My_name: Found input bbl file '$include_name'\n"
                   unless $silent;
                push @bbl_files, $include_name;
            }
        } # INCLUDE_NAME
    } # LINE

    # Default includes are always definitive:
    foreach (@default_includes) { $dependents{$_} = 4; }

    ###print "New parse: \n";
    ###foreach (sort keys %dependents) { print "  '$_': $dependents{$_}\n"; }

    my @misparsed = ();
    my @missing = ();
    my @not_found = ();

    my %kpsearch_candidates = ();
CANDIDATE:
    foreach my $candidate (keys %dependents) {
        my $code = $dependents{$candidate};
        if ( -d $candidate ) {
            #  If $candidate is directory, it was presumably found from a 
            #     mis-parse, so remove it from the list.  (Misparse can 
            #     arise, for example from a mismatch of latexmk's $log_wrap
            #     value and texmf.cnf value of max_print_line.)
            delete $dependents{$candidate};
        }
        elsif ( -e $candidate ) {
            if ( exists $generated_log{$candidate} ){
                $dependents{$candidate} = 6;
            }
            elsif ($code == 0) {
                $dependents{$candidate} = 5;
            }
            else {
                $dependents{$candidate} = 4;
            }
        }
        elsif ($code == 1) {
            # Graphics file that is supposed to have been read.
            # Candidate name is as given in source file, not as path
            #   to actual file.
            # We have already tested that file doesn't exist, as given.
            #   so use kpsewhich.  
            # If the file still is not found, assume non-existent;
            $kpsearch_candidates{$candidate} = 1;
            delete $dependents{$candidate};
        }
        elsif ($code == 2) {
            # Candidate is from '(...' construct in log file, for input file
            #    which should include pathname if valid input file.
            # Name does not have pathname-characteristic character (hence
            #    $code==2.
            # We get here if candidate file does not exist with given name
            # Almost surely result of a misparsed line in log file.
            delete $dependents{$candidate};
            push @misparse, $candidate;
        }
        elsif ($code == 3) {
            # Candidate is from '(...' construct in log file, for input file
            #    which should include pathname if valid input file.
            # Name does have pathname-characteristic character (hence
            #    $code==3.
            # But we get here only if candidate file does not exist with 
            # given name.  
            # Almost surely result of a misparsed line in log file.
            # But with lower probability than $code == 2
            delete $dependents{$candidate};
            push @misparse, $candidate;
        }
        elsif ($code == 0) {
            my ($base, $path, $ext) = fileparseA($candidate);
            $ext =~ s/^\.//;
            if ( ($ext eq '') && (-e "$path$base.tex") ) {
                # I don't think the old version was correct.
                # If the missing-file report was of a bare
                #    extensionless file, and a corresponding .tex file
                #    exists, then the missing file does not correspond
                #    to the missing file, unless the .tex file was
                #    created during the run.  
                # OLD $dependents{"$path$base.tex"} = 4;
                # OLD delete $dependents{$candidate};
                # NEW:
                $dependents{"$path$base.tex"} = 4;
            }
            push @missing, $candidate;
        }
    }

    my @kpsearch_candidates = keys %kpsearch_candidates;
    if (@kpsearch_candidates) {
        foreach my $result ( kpsewhich( @kpsearch_candidates ) ) {
            $dependents{$result} = 4;
        }
    }
        
CANDIDATE_PAIR:
    foreach my $delegated_source (keys %new_conversions) {
        my $delegated_output = $new_conversions{$delegated_source};
        my $rule = "Delegated $delegated_source, $delegated_output";
        # N.B. $delegated_source eq '' means the output file
        #      was created without a named input file.
        foreach my $candidate ($delegated_source, $delegated_output) {
            if (! -e $candidate ) {
                # The file might be somewhere that can be found
                #   in the search path of kpathsea:
                my @kpse_result = kpsewhich( $candidate,);
                if ($#kpse_result > -1) {
                    $candidate = $kpse_result[0];
                }
            }
        }
        if ( ( (-e $delegated_source) || ($delegated_source eq '') )
              && (-e $delegated_output) )
        {
            $conversions{$delegated_output} = $delegated_source;
            $dependents{$delegated_output} = 7;
            if ($delegated_source) {
                $dependents{$delegated_source} = 4;
            }
        }
        elsif (!$silent) {
            print "Logfile claimed conversion from '$delegated_source' ",
                  "to '$delegated_output'.  But:\n";
            if (! -e $delegated_output) {
                print  "   Output file does not exist\n";
            }
            if ( ($delegated_source ne '') && (! -e $delegated_source) ) {
                print  "   Input file does not exist\n";
            }
        }
    }

    if ( ($#warning_list >= 0) && !$log_silent ) {
        @warning_list = uniqs( @warning_list );
        show_array( "$My_name: List of undefined refs and citations:",
                    @warning_list );
    }
    
    if ( $diagnostics ) {
        @misparse = uniqs( @misparse );
        @missing = uniqs( @missing );
        @not_found = uniqs( @not_found );
        my @dependents = sort( keys %dependents );

        my $dependents = $#dependents + 1;
        my $misparse = $#misparse + 1;
        my $missing = $#missing + 1;
        my $not_found = $#not_found + 1;
        my $exist = $dependents - $not_found - $missing;
        my $bbl = $#bbl_files + 1;

        print "$dependents dependent files detected, of which ",
              "$exist exist, $not_found were not found,\n",
              "   and $missing appear not to exist.\n";
        print "Dependents:\n";
        foreach (@dependents) { 
            print "   '$_' "; 
            if ( $dependents{$_} == 6 ) { print " written by *latex";}
            if ( $dependents{$_} == 7 ) { print " converted by *latex";}
            print "\n";
        }
        if ($not_found > 0) {
            print "Not found:\n";
            foreach (@not_found) { print "   $_\n"; }
        }
        if ($missing > 0) {
            print "Not existent:\n";
            foreach (@missing) { print "   $_\n"; }
        }
        if ( $bbl > 0 ) {
            print "Input bbl files:\n";
            foreach (@bbl_files) { print "   $_\n"; }
        }

        if ( $misparse > 0 ) {
            print "Possible input files, perhaps from misunderstood lines in .log file:\n";
            foreach ( @misparse ) { print "   $_\n"; }
        }
    }
    return 1;
} #END parse_log

#************************************************************

sub find_set_log {
    # Locate the log file, if possible.  This allows for possible configuration
    # errors, e.g., because the command for (*)latex was such that it did not 
    # do the setting of -output-directory or -aux-directory that the user intended,
    # or because the version used did not support one or other of these options.
    # Put result in $where_log (see its initial declaration/definition for details).
    # Change $aux_dir and/or $out_dir as appropriate, and make consequent changes.
    #
    # Probably further attention to location of output file (.dvi, .pdf, or .xdv)
    # could be done, to get $out_dir and $$Pdest more accurately set.
    #
    # Typical configuration errors that lead to the need for this subroutine:
    #        %O not used in command definition, so directory options don't getpassed
    #           to (*)latex.
    #        Use of $aux_dir different to $out_dir, when (*)latex doesn't support
    #           the -aux-directory option (notably with TeXLive distribution).
    if ($where_log == 1) {
        # .log file was found in correct place on previous run.
        # So there's no need to repeat search, since if the location were to
        # change from run to run, we'd have other serious difficulties that are
        # to hard to deal with.
        return;
    }
    if ( test_gen_file( "$aux_dir1$root_filename.log" ) ) {
        # .log file is in expected place.
        $where_log = 1;
    }
    elsif ( test_gen_file( "$out_dir1$root_filename.log" ) ) {
        # .log file is in out_dir not in aux_dir.
        # Presumably there is a configuration error
        # that prevents aux_dir from being used by latex.
        warn "$My_name: .log file in '$out_dir' instead of expected '$aux_dir'\n";
        if ($emulate_aux) {
            warn "    But emulate_aux is on, so that should not happen\n",
                 "    I'll switch aux_dir to equal out_dir\n";
            $where_log = 2;
            $aux_dir = $out_dir;
        }
        else {
            warn "    But emulate_aux is off.  So I'll turn it on.\n";
            $emulate_aux = 1;
            $emulate_aux_switched = 1;
            foreach ( $$Pext_cmd ) {
                s/ -output-directory=[^ ]*(?= )//g;
                s/ -aux(-directory=[^ ]*)(?= )/ -output$1/g;
            }
        }
    }
    elsif ( test_gen_file( "$root_filename.log" ) ) {
        # .log file is not in out_dir nor in aux_dir, but is in cwd.
        # Presumably there is a configuration error
        # that prevents the directories from being used by latex.
        # So change $aux_dir to the actually used value.
        $where_log = 3;
        $aux_dir = "";
    }
    else {
        # No .log file found
        $failure = 1;
        $$Plast_result = 2;
        $where_log = 0;
        $failure_msg 
            = "*LaTeX didn't generate the expected log file '$log_name'\n";
    }
    if ($where_log > 1) {
        warn "$My_name: Changed aux_dir from '$aux_dir_requested' to '$aux_dir'\n".
             "          to allow for probable configuration error\n";
        # Allow for the changes associated with change of $aux_dir:
        &normalize_aux_out_ETC;
        &set_names;
        warn "$My_name: Actual .log file is\n",
             "     '$log_name'\n",
             "  instead of the value\n",
             "     '$aux_dir_requested/$root_filename.log'\n",
             "   that seemed to be intended.\n";
    }
} #END find_set_log

#************************************************************

sub parse_fls {
    my $start_time = processing_time();  
    my ($fls_name, $Pinputs, $Poutputs, $Pfirst_read_after_write, $Ppwd_latex ) = @_;
    %$Pinputs = %$Poutputs = %$Pfirst_read_after_write = ();
    my $fls_file = new FileHandle;
    # Make a note of current working directory
    # I'll update it from the fls file later
    # Currently I don't use this, but it would be useful to use
    # this when testing prefix for cwd in a filename, by
    # giving *latex's best view of the cwd.  Note that the
    # value given by the cwd() function may be mangled, e.g., by cygwin
    # compared with native MSWin32.
    #
    # Two relevant forms of cwd exist: The system one, which we can find, and
    # the one reported by *latex in the fls file.  It will be
    # useful to remove leading part of cwd in filenames --- see the
    # comments in sub rdb_set_latex_deps.  Given the possible multiplicity
    # of representations of cwd, the one reported in the fls file should
    # be definitive in the fls file.

    my $cwd = good_cwd();
    if ( ! open ($fls_file, "<$fls_name") ) {
        return 1;
    }

    my $pdf_base = basename($pdf_name);
    my $log_base = basename($log_name);
    my $out_base = basename($$Pdest);

    foreach $_ ( <$fls_file> ) {
        # Remove trailing CR and LF. Thus we get correct behavior when an fls file
        #  is produced by MS-Windows program (e.g., in MiKTeX) with CRLF line ends,
        #  but is read by Unix Perl (which treats LF as line end, and preserves CRLF
        #  in read-in lines):
        $_ =~ s/[\n\r]*$//;
        if (/^\s*PWD\s+(.*)$/) {
            my $cwd_fls = $1;
            $$Ppwd_latex = $cwd_fls;
            if ( $cwd_fls =~ /\"/ ) {
                warn "$My_name: The working directory has a '\"' character in its name:\n",
                     "  '$cwd'\n  This can cause me trouble. Beware!\n";
            }
            if ( normalize_filename($cwd_fls) ne normalize_filename($cwd) ) {
                print "$My_name: ============== Inequiv cwd_fls cwd '$cwd_fls' '$cwd'\n";
            }
        }
        elsif (/^\s*INPUT\s+(.*)$/) {
            # Take precautions against aliasing of foo, ./foo and other possibilities for cwd.
            my $file = $1;
            # Remove exactly pwd reported in this file, and following separator.
            # MiKTeX reports absolute pathnames, and this way of removing PWD insulates
            #   us from coding issues if the PWD contains non-ASCII characters.  What
            #   coding scheme (UTF-8, code page, etc) is used depends on OS, TeX
            #   implementation, ...
            if ( defined $$Ppwd_latex ) { 
                $file =~ s(^\Q$$Ppwd_latex\E[\\/])();
            }
            $file = normalize_filename( $file );
            if ( (exists $$Poutputs{$file}) && (! exists $$Pinputs{$file}) ) {
                $$Pfirst_read_after_write{$file} = 1;
            }
            # Take precautions against main destination file being listed as INPUT file
            # This results, e.g., from hyperxmp (2020/10/05 v. 5.6) reading the pdf file
            # size, and triggers an infinite loop, unless we omit the pdf file from the 
            # list of input files.  (Hyperxmp v. 5.7 2010/11/01 doesn't give this problem.)
            # There's a related issue with the log file, when acmart.cls is used with
            # xelatex.  (I don't work out what causes this, e.g., what package.)
            # Test on basenames rather than full name to evade in a simple-minded way
            # alias issues with the directory part.
            if ( basename($file) eq $pdf_base ) {
                warn "$My_name: !!!!!!!!!!! Fls file lists main pdf **output** file as an input\n",
                     "   file for rule '$rule'. I won't treat as a source file, since that leads\n",
                     "   to an infinite loop.\n",
                    "    This can be caused by the hyperxmp package in an old version.\n",
                    "    You should update to hyperxmp in ver. 5.7 or higher\n";
            } elsif ( basename($file) eq $out_base ) {
                warn "$My_name: !!!!!!!!!!! Fls file lists main **output** file as an input\n",
                     "   file for rule '$rule'. I won't treat as a source file, since that leads\n",
                     "   to an infinite loop.\n",
                    "    This can be caused by the hyperxmp package in an old version.\n",
                    "    You should update to hyperxmp in ver. 5.7 or higher\n";
            } elsif ( basename($file) eq $log_base ) {
                warn "$My_name: !!!!!!!!!!! Fls file lists log file as an input\n",
                     "   file for rule '$rule'. I won't treat it as a source file, since\n",
                    "   there appear to be no good uses for it.\n",
                    "   This behavior happens at least under acmart.cls with xelatex\n";
            } else {
                $$Pinputs{$file} = 1;
            }
        }
        elsif (/^\s*OUTPUT\s+(.*)$/) {
            # Take precautions against aliasing of foo, ./foo and other possibilities for cwd.
            my $file = $1;
            $file =~ s(^\Q$$Ppwd_latex\E[\\/])();
            $file = normalize_filename( $file );
            $$Poutputs{$file} = 1;
        }
    }
    close( $fls_file );
    return 0;
} #END parse_fls

#************************************************************

sub dirname_no_tail {
    my $dirname = $_[0];
    foreach ($dirname) {
        # Normalize name to use / to separate directory components:
        #   (Note both / and \ are allowed under MSWin.)
        s(\\)(/)g;
        # Change multiple trailing / to single /
        #   (Note internal // or \\ can have special meaning on MSWin)
        s(/+$)(/);
        # Remove trailing /,
        # BUT **not** if that changes the semantics, i.e., if name is "/" or "C:/".
        if ( m(/$) ) {
            if ( ( ! m(^/+$) ) && ( ! m(:/+$) ) ) {
                s(/$)();
            }
        }
    }
    return $dirname;
}

#************************************************************

sub clean_filename {
    # Convert quoted filename as found in log file to filename without quotes
    # Allows arbitrarily embedded double-quoted substrings, includes the
    # cases
    # 1. `"string".ext', which arises e.g., from \jobname.bbl:
    #    when the base filename contains spaces, \jobname has quotes.
    #    and from \includegraphics with basename specified.
    #    Also deals with filenames written by asymptote.sty
    # 2. Or "string.ext" from \includegraphcs with basename and ext specified.
    #    and from MiKTeX logfile for input files with spaces. 
    # Doubled quotes (e.g., A""B) don't get converted.
    # Neither do unmatched quotes.
    my $filename = $_[0];
    while ( $filename =~ s/^([^\"]*)\"([^\"]+)\"(.*)$/$1$2$3/ ) {}
    return $filename;
}

# ------------------------------

sub normalize_filename {
   # Usage: normalize_filename( filename [, extra forms of name of cwd] )
   # Returns filename with removal of various forms for cwd, and
   # with conversion of directory separator to '/' only.
   # Also when filename is name of a directory, with a trailing '/',
   #   the trailing '/' is removed.
   #
   my ( $file, @dirs ) = @_;
   my $file1 = $file;   # Saved original value
   my $cwd = good_cwd();
   # Normalize files to use / to separate directory components:
   # (Note both / and \ are allowed under MSWin.)
   foreach ($cwd, $file,  @dirs) {
       s(\\)(/)g;
       # If this is directory name of form :.../", remove unnecessary
       # trailing directory separators:
       $_ = dirname_no_tail( $_ );
   }
   
   # Remove initial component equal to current working directory.
   # Use \Q and \E round directory name in regex to avoid interpretation
   #   of metacharacters in directory name:
   foreach my $dir ( @dirs, '.', $cwd ) {
       if ( $dir =~ /^\s*$/ ) {
           # All spaces, nothing to do.
           next;
       }
       if ($file eq $dir) {
           # Filename equals cwd, so it is . relative to cwd:
           $file = '.';
           last;
       }
       if ( $file =~ s(^\Q$dir\E/)() ) {
           last;
     }
   }
   if ($file eq '' ) {
       # This only occurs for $file equal to a directory that
       # is the cwd. Our convention is always to set it to '.'
       # 
       $file = '.';
   }
   return $file;
} #END normalize_filename

# ------------------------------

sub normalize_filename_abs {
    # Convert filename to be either
    # absolute path in canonical form
    # or relative to cwd.
    return normalize_filename( abs_path($_[0]) );
}

#-----------------------------

sub normalize_clean_filename {
   # Usage: normalize_clean_filename( filename [, extra forms of name of cwd] )
   # Same as normalize_filename, but first remove any double quotes, as
   # done by clean_filename, which is appropriate for filenames from log file.
    my ($file, @dirs) = shift;
    return normalize_filename( clean_filename( $file ) , @dirs );
}

#************************************************************

sub fix_pattern {
   # Escape the characters [ and {, to give a pattern for use in glob
   #    with these characters taken literally.
   my $pattern = shift;
   $pattern =~ s/\[/\\\[/g;
   $pattern =~ s/\{/\\\{/g;
   return $pattern;
}

#************************************************************

sub parse_aux {
    #Usage: parse_aux( $aux_file, \@new_bib_files, \@new_aux_files, \@new_bst_files )
    # Parse aux_file (recursively) for bib files, and bst files.  
    # If can't open aux file, then
    #    Return 0 and leave @new_bib_files empty
    # Else set @new_bib_files from information in the aux files
    #    And:
    #    Return 1 if no problems
    #    Return 2 with @new_bib_files empty if there are no \bibdata
    #      lines. 
    #    Return 3 if I couldn't locate all the bib_files
    # Set @new_aux_files to aux files parsed

    my $aux_file = $_[0];
    local $Pbib_files = $_[1];
    local $Paux_files = $_[2];
    local $Pbst_files = $_[3];
   
    @$Pbib_files = ();
    @$Pbst_files = ();
    @$Paux_files = ();

    parse_aux1( $aux_file );
    if ($#{$Paux_files} < 0) {
       return 0;
    }
    @$Pbib_files = uniqs( @$Pbib_files );
    @$Pbst_files = uniqs( @$Pbst_files );

    if ( $#{$Pbib_files} == -1 ) {
        warn "$My_name: No .bib files listed in .aux file '$aux_file' \n",
        return 2;
    }
    my @not_found = &find_file_list1( $Pbib_files, $Pbib_files,
                                      '.bib', \@BIBINPUTS );
    @$Pbib_files = uniqs( @$Pbib_files );
    &find_file_list1( $Pbst_files, $Pbst_files, '.bst' );
    @$Pbst_files = uniqs( @$Pbst_files );
    my @bad_bib = ();
    foreach ( @$Pbib_files ) {
        if ( /\s/ ) { push @bad_bib, $_; }
    }
    if ($#bad_bib >= 0)  {
            warn "$My_name: White space in an argument list for \\bibliography.\n",
                 "    which is not allowed by bibtex.  Bad arguments:\n";
            foreach (@bad_bib ) { warn "    '$_'\n"; }
            return 3;
    }
    if ( $#not_found < 0) {
        warn "$My_name: Found bibliography file(s) [@$Pbib_files]\n"
        unless $silent;
    }
    else {
        warn "$My_name: Failed to find one or more bibliography files:\n";
        foreach (@not_found) { warn "    '$_'\n"; }
        if ($force_mode) {
            warn "==== Force_mode is on, so I will continue.  ",
                 "But there may be problems ===\n";
        }
        return 3;
    }
    return 1;
} #END parse_aux

#************************************************************

sub parse_aux1
# Parse single aux file for bib files.  
# Usage: &parse_aux1( aux_file_name )
#   Append newly found bib_filenames in @$Pbib_files, already 
#        initialized/in use.
#   Append aux_file_name to @$Paux_files if aux file opened
#   Recursively check \@input aux files
#   Return 1 if success in opening $aux_file_name and parsing it
#   Return 0 if fail to open it
{
   my $aux_file = $_[0];
   my $aux_fh = new FileHandle;
   if (! open($aux_fh, $aux_file) ) { 
       warn "$My_name: Couldn't find aux file '$aux_file'\n";
       return 0; 
   }
   push @$Paux_files, $aux_file;
AUX_LINE:
   while (<$aux_fh>) {
      if ( /^\\bibdata\{(.*)\}/ ) { 
          # \\bibdata{comma_separated_list_of_bib_file_names}
          # These are normally without the '.bib' extension.
          push @$Pbib_files, split /,/, $1;
      }
      elsif ( /^\\bibstyle\{(.*)\}/ ) { 
          # \\bibstyle{bst_file_name}
          # Normally without the '.bst' extension.
          push @$Pbst_files, split /,/, $1;
      }
      elsif ( /^\\\@input\{(.*)\}/ ) { 
          # \\@input{next_aux_file_name}
          &parse_aux1( $aux_dir1.$1 );
      }
      else {
          foreach my $Psub (@aux_hooks) {
              &$Psub;
          }
      }
   }
   close($aux_fh);
   return 1;
} #END parse_aux1

#************************************************************

#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#************************************************************

#   Manipulations of main file database:

#************************************************************

sub fdb_get {
    # Call: fdb_get(filename [, check_time])
    # Returns an array (time, size, md5) for the current state of the
    #    named file.
    # The optional argument check_time is either the run_time of some command
    #    that may have changed the file or the last time the file was checked
    #    for changes --- see below.
    # For non-existent file, deletes its entry in fdb_current, 
    #    and returns (0,-1,0) (whatever is in @nofile).
    # As an optimization, the md5 value is taken from the cache in 
    #    fdb_current, if the time and size stamp indicate that the 
    #    file has not changed.
    # The md5 value is recalculated if
    #    the current filetime differs from the cached value: 
    #               file has been written
    #    the current filesize differs from the cached value: 
    #               file has definitely changed
    # But the file can also be rewritten without change in filetime when 
    #    file processing happens within the 1-second granularity of the 
    #    timestamp (notably for aux files from latex on a short source file).
    # The only case that concerns us is when the file is an input to a program
    #    at some runtime t, the file is rewritten later by the same or another
    #    program, with timestamp t, and when the initial file also has 
    #    timestamp t.
    # A test is applied for this situation if the check_time argument is
    #    supplied and is nonzero.

    my ($file, $check_time) = @_;
    if ( ! defined $check_time ) { $check_time = 0;}
    my ($new_time, $new_size) = get_time_size($file);
    if ( $new_size < 0 ) {
        delete $fdb_current{$file};
        return @nofile;
    }
    my $recalculate_md5 = 0;
    if ( ! exists $fdb_current{$file} ) {
        # Ensure we have a record.  
        $fdb_current{$file} = [@nofile];
        $recalculate_md5 = 1;
    }
    my $file_data = $fdb_current{$file};
    my ( $time, $size, $md5 ) = @$file_data;

    if ( ($new_time != $time) || ($new_size != $size) 
         || ( $check_time && ($check_time == $time ) )
       ) {
        # Only force recalculation of md5 if time or size changed.
        # However, the physical file time may have changed without
        #   affecting the value of the time coded in $time, because
        #   times are computed with a 1-second granularity.
        #   The only case to treat specially is where the file was created,
        #   then used by the current rule, and then rewritten, all within
        #   the granularity size, otherwise the value of the reported file
        #   time changed, and we've handled it.  But we may have already
        #   checked this at an earlier time than the current check.  So the
        #   only dangerous case is where the file time equals a check_time,
        #   which is either the run_time of the command or the time of a
        #   previous check.
        # Else we assume file is really unchanged.
        $recalculate_md5 = 1;
    }
    if ($recalculate_md5) {
        @$file_data = ( $new_time, $new_size, get_checksum_md5( $file ) );
    }
    return @$file_data;;
} #END fdb_get

#************************************************************

sub fdb_set {
    # Call: fdb_set(filename, $time, $size, $md5 )
    # Set data in file data cache, i.e., %fdb_current
    my ($file, $time, $size, $md5 ) = @_;
    if ( ! exists $fdb_current{$file} ) {
        $fdb_current{$file} = [@nofile];
    }
    @{$fdb_current{$file}} = ( $time, $size, $md5 );
} #END fdb_set

#************************************************************

sub fdb_show {
    # Displays contents of fdb
    foreach my $file ( sort keys %fdb_current ) {
        print "'$file': @{$fdb_current{$file}}\n";
    }
} #END fdb_show

#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#************************************************************

# Routines for manipulating rule database

#************************************************************

sub rdb_read {
    # Call: rdb_read( $in_name  )
    # Sets rule database from saved file, in format written by rdb_write.
    # Returns -1 if file could not be read else number of errors.
    # Thus return value on success is 0
    # Requires: Rule database initialized with standard rules, with
    #             conditions corresponding to requests determined by
    #             initialization and command line options.
    # Asssumption: Normally the fdb_latexmk file contains state of
    #                rules and files corresponding to end of last
    #                compilation, and the rules in the file were
    #                active on that run.
    # Complications arise when that state does not correspond to current
    #   rule set:
    #   (a) Configuration etc may have changed: e.g., different out_dir,
    #       different target rules and files, including different tex engine.
    #   (b) Output extension of primary rule may be different from current
    #       initialized one, because of document properties (use of
    #       \pdfoutput etc).
    #   (c) The same may arise because of misconfigured rules, a situation
    #       that may or may not have changed in current run.
    #   (d) The primary engine requested may not be the one used in
    #       the previous run, possibly because (i) request has
    #       changed, or (ii) document metacommand was obeyed to change
    #       engine. (The last is not currently implemented, but
    #       may/should be in the future.)
    #   (e) Something else, e.g., copying/editing of fdb_latexmk file.
    #
    local $in_name = $_[0];
    my $in_handle = new FileHandle;
    $in_handle->open( $in_name, '<' )
        or return ();
    my $errors = 0;
    my $state = -1;   # Values: -1: before start; 0: outside rule;
                      # 1: in source section;
                      # 2: in generated file section;
                      # 10: ignored rule.
    my $rule = '';
    local $run_time = 0;
    local $source = '';
    local $dest = '';
    my $base = '';
    my %old_actives = (); # Hash: keys are rules in fdb_latexmk file
    local %new_sources = ();  # Hash: rule => { file=>[ time, size, md5, fromrule ] }
    my $new_source = undef;   # Reference to hash of sources for current rule
LINE:
    while ( <$in_handle> ) {
        # Remove leading and trailing white space.
        s/^\s*//;
        s/\s*$//;
        if ($state == -1) {
            if ( ! /^# Fdb version ([\d]+)$/ ) {
                warn "$My_name: File-database '$in_name' is not of correct format\n";
                return 1;
            }
            if ( $1 > $fdb_ver) {
                warn "$My_name: File-database '$in_name' is of too new version, $1 > $fdb_ver\n";
                return 1;
            }
            $state = 0;
        }
        # Ignore blank lines and comments
        if ( /^$/ || /^#/ || /^%/ ) { next LINE;}
        if ( /^\[\"([^\"]+)\"\]/ ) {
            # Start of section
            $rule = $1;
            my $tail = $'; #'  Single quote in comment tricks the parser in
                           # emacs from misparsing an isolated single quote
            $run_time = $check_time = 0;
            $source = $dest = $base = '';
            $old_actives{$rule} = 1;
            if ( $tail =~ /^\s*(\S+)\s*$/ ) {
                $run_time = $1;
            }
            elsif ( $tail =~ /^\s*(\S+)\s+\"([^\"]*)\"\s+\"([^\"]*)\"\s+\"([^\"]*)\"\s*$/ ) {
                $run_time = $1;
                $source = $2;
                $dest = $3;
                $base = $4;
            }
            elsif ( $tail =~ /^\s*(\S+)\s+\"([^\"]*)\"\s+\"([^\"]*)\"\s+\"([^\"]*)\"\s+(\S+)\s*$/ ) {
                $run_time = $1;
                $source = $2;
                $dest = $3;
                $base = $4;
                $check_time = $5;
            }
            if ( rdb_rule_exists( $rule ) ) {
                rdb_one_rule( $rule, \&rdb_read_set_rule );
            }
            elsif ($rule =~ /^cusdep\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+(.+)$/ ) {
                # Create custom dependency
                my $fromext = $1;
                my $toext = $2;
                my $base = $3;
                $source = "$base.$fromext";
#                $dest =   "$base.$toext";
                my $func_name = '';
                foreach my $dep ( @cus_dep_list ) {
                    my ($tryfromext,$trytoext,$must,$try_func_name) = split('\s+',$dep);
                    if ( ($tryfromext eq $fromext) && ($trytoext eq $toext) ) {
                        $func_name = $try_func_name;
                    }
                }
                if ($func_name) {
                    my $PAnew_cmd = ['do_cusdep', $func_name];
                    # Set source file as non-existent.  
                    # If it existed on last run, it will be in later 
                    #    lines of the fdb file
                    rdb_create_rule( $rule, 'cusdep', '', $PAnew_cmd, 1, 
                                     $source, $dest, $base, 0, $run_time, $check_time, 1 );
                }
                else {
                    warn "$My_name: In file-database '$in_name', the custom-dependency rule\n",
                         "  '$rule' is not available in this session.\n",
                         "  Presumably it's no longer in your configuration for latexmk.\n";
                    $state = 10;
                    next LINE;
                }
            }
            elsif ( $rule =~ /^(makeindex|bibtex|biber)\s*(.*)$/ ) {
                my $PA_extra_gen = [];
                my $rule_generic = $1;
                my $int_cmd = '';
                if ( ! $source ) {
                    # If fdb_file was old-style (v. 1)
                    $source = $2;
                    my $path = '';
                    my $ext = '';
                    ($base, $path, $ext) = fileparseA( $source );
                    $base = $path.$base;
                    if ($rule_generic eq 'makeindex') {
                        $dest = "$base.ind";
                    }
                    elsif ($rule_generic eq 'bibtex') {
                        $dest = "$base.bbl";
                        $source = "$base.aux";
                    }
                    elsif ($rule_generic eq 'biber') {
                        $dest = "$base.bbl";
                        $source = "$base.bcf";
                    }
                }
                if ($rule =~ /^makeindex/) { $PA_extra_gen = [ "$base.ilg" ]; }
                if ($rule =~ /^(bibtex|biber)/) { $PA_extra_gen = [ "$base.blg" ]; }
                if ($rule =~ /^bibtex/) { $int_cmd = "run_bibtex"; }
                if ($rule =~ /^makeindex/) { $int_cmd = "run_makeindex"; }
                warn "$My_name: File-database '$in_name': setting rule '$rule'\n"
                   if $diagnostics;
                my $cmd_type = 'external';
                my $ext_cmd = ${$rule_generic};
                warn "  Rule kind = '$rule_generic'; ext_cmd = '$ext_cmd';\n",
                     "  int_cmd = '$int_cmd';\n",
                     "  source = '$source'; dest = '$dest'; base = '$base';\n"
                   if $diagnostics;
                # Set source file as non-existent.  
                # If it existed on last run, it will be in later 
                #    lines of the fdb file
                rdb_create_rule( $rule, $cmd_type, $ext_cmd, $int_cmd, 1, 
                                 $source, $dest, $base, 0, $run_time,  $check_time, 1, $PA_extra_gen );
            }
            else {
                if ($diagnostics) {
                    warn "$My_name: In file-database '$in_name' rule '$rule'\n",
                        "   is not in use in this session\n";
                }
                $new_source = undef;
                $state = 10;
                next LINE;
            }
            $new_source = $new_sources{$rule} = {};
            $state = 1;  #Reading a section, source part
        }
        elsif ( ($state <=0) || ($state >= 3) ) {
            next LINE;
        }
        elsif ( /^\(source\)/ ) { $state = 1; next LINE; }
        elsif ( /^\(generated\)/ ) { $state = 2; next LINE; }
        elsif ( ($state == 1) && /^\"([^\"]*)\"\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+\"([^\"]*)\"/ ) {
            # Source file line
            my $file = $1;
            my $time = $2;
            my $size = $3;
            my $md5 = $4;
            my $from_rule = $5;
            if ($state != 1) {
                warn "$My_name: In file-database '$in_name' ",
                     "line $. is outside a section:\n   '$_'\n";
                $errors++;
                next LINE;
            }
            # Set file in database.  But ensure we don't do an unnecessary 
            #    fdb_get, which can trigger a new MD5 calculation, which is
            #    lengthy for a big file.  Ininitially flagging the file
            #    as non-existent solves the problem:
            rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $file, undef, 1 ); 
            rdb_set_file1( $rule, $file, $time, $size, $md5 );
            fdb_set( $file, $time, $size, $md5 );
            # Save the rest of the data, especially the from_rule until we know all 
            #   the rules, otherwise the from_rule may not exist.
            # Also we'll have a better chance of looping through files.
            ${$new_source}{$file} = [ $time, $size, $md5, $from_rule ];
        }
        elsif ( ($state == 2) && /^\"([^\"]*)\"/ ) {
            my $file = $1;
            rdb_one_rule( $rule, sub{ rdb_add_generated($file); } );
        }
        else {
            warn "$My_name: In file-database '$in_name' ",
                 "line $. is of wrong format:\n   '$_'\n";
            $errors++;
            next LINE;
        }
    }
    undef $in_handle;
    # Set cus dependencies.
    &rdb_set_dependents( keys %rule_db );
    &rdb_set_rule_net;

    return $errors;
}  # END rdb_read

#************************************************************

sub rdb_read_set_rule {
    # Makes some settings for rule from data as read from .fdb_latexmk.
    # Rule context assumed.  Implicit passing of $dest, $run_time, $check_time,
    # $in_name used as local variables in calling routine rdb_read.
    #
    if ($$Ptest_kind == 3) { $$Ptest_kind = 1; }
    $$Prun_time = $run_time;
    $$Pcheck_time = $check_time;
    # Deal with possibility that destination file in fdb_latexmk from
    # run differs from what is currently set. Often that just reflects a
    # difference between the end result of the last run and what the user
    # has requested for this run. 
    # 1. Diagnostics are given, in case that matters.
    # 2. Generally it's only needed to keep the current destination, and to
    #    flag the rule as out-of-date.
    # 3. But special treatmen is needed when the rule is a primary rule and
    #    only the extension of the destination file has changed.
    if ($dest eq $$Pdest) { return; }
    if ( ! rdb_is_active($rule) ) {
        # A common cause: Change of requested files.
        # No other causes known.
        # So just do nothing.
        return;
    }
    # Arrive here if rule is active and previous dest differs from current.
    my ($oldbase, $oldpath, $oldext) = fileparseA( $dest );
    my ($newbase, $newpath, $newext) = fileparseA( $$Pdest );
    if ( ($oldext ne $newext)
         && $possible_primaries{$rule}
         && exists( $allowed_output_ext{$oldext} )
         && ( $oldpath.$oldbase eq $newpath.$newbase )
        )
    {
        # Change only in extension: A common cause: use of \pdfoutput in tex
        # file, with conflict with requested compilation type.  The old
        # extension wins.
        warn "$My_name: change in extension of output file from '$oldext' on previous run\n",
             "  to '$newext' for this run.\n",
             "  So I'll CHANGE the output type from '$newext' to '$oldext',\n",
             "  and make any necessary fixups.\n";
        my $switch_error =  switch_output( $rule, $oldext, $newext );
        if ($switch_error) {
            warn "   I could not accommodate the changed output extension.\n",
                 "   That is either because the configuration does not allow it\n",
                 "   or because there is a conflict with implicit or explicit requested filetypes.\n",
                 "   (Typically that is about .dvi and/or .ps filetypes.)\n",
                 "===> There may be subsequent warnings, which may or may not be ignorable.\n",
                 "===> If necessary, clean out generated files and try again\n";
        }
        return;
    }
    # All special cases now dealt with. 
    warn "$My_name: In reading file '$in_name' for state of files and rules on\n",
         "  previous run, I found that rule '$rule' had a destination file\n",
         "    $dest\n",
         "  that differs from the current destination file\n",
         "    $$Pdest\n",
         "  I'll use the current destination, and flag the rule as out of date.\n";
    $$Pout_of_date = 10;
}  #END rdb_read_set_rule

#************************************************************

sub rdb_write {
    # Call: rdb_write( $out_name )
    # Writes to the given file name the database of file and rule data
    #   for all rules needed to make final output
    # Returns 1 on success, 0 if file couldn't be opened.
    local $out_name = $_[0];
    local $out_handle = new FileHandle;
    if ( ($out_name eq "") || ($out_name eq "-") ) {
        # Open STDOUT
        $out_handle->open( '>-' );
    }
    else {
       $out_handle->open( $out_name, '>' );
    }
    if (!$out_handle) { return 0; }

    &rdb_set_rule_net;

    print $out_handle "# Fdb version $fdb_ver\n";
    my @rules = sort &rdb_accessible;
    rdb_for_some(
       \@rules,
       sub { 
           # Omit data on a unused and never-run primary rule:
           if ( ($$Prun_time == 0) 
                && exists( $possible_primaries{$rule} )
                && ! exists( $current_primaries{$rule} )
              )
           { 
               return;
           }
           print $out_handle "[\"$rule\"] $$Prun_time \"$$Psource\" \"$$Pdest\" \"$$Pbase\" $$Pcheck_time\n";
           rdb_do_files(
             sub { print $out_handle "  \"$file\" $$Ptime $$Psize $$Pmd5 \"$$Pfrom_rule\"\n"; }
           );
           print $out_handle "  (generated)\n";
           foreach (sort keys %$PHdest) {
               print $out_handle "  \"$_\"\n";
           }
       }
    );
    undef $out_handle;
    return 1;
} #END rdb_write

#************************************************************

sub rdb_set_latex_deps {
    # Assume primary rule context.  
    # This is intended to be applied only for a primary (LaTeX-like) rule.
    # Set its dependents etc, using information from log, aux, and fls files.
    # Use fls file only if $recorder is set, and the fls file was generated
    # on this run.

    # N.B.  A complication which we try and handle in determining
    #   dependent files is that there may be aliasing of file names,
    #   especially when characters are used in file and directory
    #   names that are not pure 7-bit-ASCII.  Here is a list of some
    #   of the difficulties that do arise, between, on the one hand,
    #   the filenames specified on latexmk's and the cwd found by
    #   latexmk from the system, and, on the other hand, the filenames
    #   and their components reported by *latex in the fls and log
    #   files:
    #      1. Whether the separator of path components is / or \ in
    #         MSWin.
    #      2. Whether the LFN or the SFN is provided.
    #      3. Whether the filenames include the cwd or whether they
    #         are relative to the current directory.
    #      4. Under cygwin, whether the absolute filenames are
    #         specified by UNIX or native MSWin conventions.
    #         (With cygin, the programs used, including the Perl that
    #         executes latexmk, can be any combination of native MSWin
    #         programs and cygwin programs with their UNIX-like
    #         behavior.)
    #      5. Whether UTF-8 or some other coding is used, and under
    #         which circumstances: e.g., in calls to the OS to access
    #         files, in files output by programs, on latexmk's command
    #         line, on other programs' command lines, by the command
    #         interpreterS. 
    #      6. If UTF-8 is used, what kind of canonicalization is used,
    #         if any.  (This is a particular bugbear when files are
    #         transferred between different OSes.)
    #      7. Whether the name of a file in the current directory is
    #         reported as the simple filename or whether it is
    #         preceeded by ".\" or "./".
    #      8. How is it determined whether a pathname is absolute or
    #         relative?  An absolute pathname in MSWin may start with
    #         a drive letter and a colon, but under UNIX-type systems,
    #         the colon is an ordinary character.
    #      9. Whether a filename reported in an fls or log file can be
    #         used as is by perl to access a file, or on the command
    #         line to invoke another program, and whether the use on a
    #         command line depends on whether the command line is
    #         executed by a CLI, and by which CLI.  (E.g., cmd.exe,
    #         v. sh v. tcsh, etc.)
    #     10. Whether such a filename for the filename on *latex's
    #         file agrees with the one on the command line.
    #   The above questions have arisen from actual experiences and
    #   tests.
    #
    #   In any case, when determining dependent files, we will try to
    #   remove an initial directory string from filenames found in the
    #   fls and log files, whenever it denotes the current
    #   directory. The directory string may be an absolute pathname,
    #   such as MiKTeX writes in both fls and log files, or it may be
    #   simply "./" as given by TeXLive in its log file. There are
    #   several reasons for removing a directory string when possible:
    #
    #      1. To avoid having multiple names referring to the same
    #         file in the list of dependents.
    #      2. Because the name may be in a different coding.  Thus
    #         under MSWin 7, cmd.exe and perl (by default) work in an
    #         "ANSI" coding with some code page, but the filenames
    #         written by MiKTeX are UTF-8 coded (and if they are non-ASCII
    #         can't be used for file-processing by Perl without some
    #         trouble).  This is a particular problem if the pathname
    #         contains non-ASCII characters; the directory names may not
    #         even be under the user's control, unlike typical filenames.
    #      3. When it comes to filenames that are then used in calls to
    #         bibtex and makeindex, it is bad to use absolute pathnames
    #         instead of clearly relative pathnames, because the default
    #         security settings are to prohibit writing files to the
    #         corresponding directories, which makes the calls to these
    #         programs unnecessarily fail.
    #
    #   In removing unnecessary directory-specifying strings, to
    #   convert a filename to a simple specification relative to the
    #   current directory, it will be important to preferentially use
    #   a determination of the current directory from the file being
    #   processed.  In the fls file, there is normally a PWD line.  In
    #   the log file, if *latex is started with a filename instead
    #   of a command-executing first line, then this can be determined
    #   from the first few lines of the log file -- see parse_log.
    #   This gives a more reliable determination of the relevant path
    #   string; this is especially important in cases where there is a
    #   mismatch of coding of the current directory, particularly
    #   notable in the above-mentioned case of non-ASCII characters
    #   under MSWin.  Other inconsistencies happen when there is a
    #   mixure of cygwin and native MSWin software. There can also be
    #   inconsistencies between whether the separator of pathname
    #   components is "/" or "\".  So we will allow for this.  The
    #   necessary normalizations of filenames are handled by the
    #   subroutines normalize_filename and normalize_clean_filename.
    #
    #   I have not tried to handle the (currently rare) cases that the
    #   OS is neither UNIX-like nor MSWin-like.
    #
    #   Assumption: the list of generated files in %PHdest was already initialized earlier.
    #     In principle, I should do it here, but useful possibilities (e.g.,
    #     see pythontex-latexmk) for subroutine called to process a .tex to add items to
    #     %PHdest. So initializing here is too late.

    # Rules should only be primary
    if ( $$Pcmd_type ne 'primary' ) {
        warn "\n$My_name: ==========$My_name: Probable BUG======= \n   ",
             "   rdb_set_latex_deps called to set files ",
             "for non-primary rule '$rule'\n\n";
        return;
    }

#??    # We'll prune this by all files determined to be needed for source files.
#??    my %unneeded_source = %$PHsource;

    # Parse fls and log files to find relevant filenames
    # Result in the following variables:
    local %dependents = ();    # Maps files to status
    local @bbl_files = ();
    local %idx_files = ();     # Maps idx_file to (ind_file, base)
    local %generated_log = (); # Lists generated files found in log file
    local %generated_fls = (); # Lists generated files found in fls file
    local %source_fls = ();    # Lists source files found in fls file
    local %first_read_after_write = (); # Lists source files that are only read
                                  # after being written (so are not true
                                  # source files.
    local $primary_out = $$Pdest;  # output file (dvi or pdf)
    local %conversions = ();   # *latex-performed conversions.
                     # Maps output file created and read by *latex
                     #    to source file of conversion.
    local @missing_subdirs = ();  # Missing subdirectories in aux_dir

    local $pwd_latex = undef;     # Cwd as reported in fls file by *latex

    local %created_rules = ();    # Maps files to rules existing or created to
                                  #  make them. Use to avoid misunderstood
                                  #  dependencies when a package creates a
                                  #  missing file during *latex compliation
                                  #  instead of just allowing to be made later
                                  #  by another rule. 
    
    # The following are also returned by parsing routines, but are global,
    # to be used by caller:
    # $reference_changed, $bad_reference, $bad_character, $bad_citation, $mult_defined

    # Do I have my own eps-to-pdf conversion?
    my $epspdf_cusdep = 0;
    foreach (@cus_dep_list) {
        if ( /^eps pdf / ) { $epspdf_cusdep = 1; last; }
    }

    # Analyze fls file first.  It tells us the working directory as seen by *latex
    # But we'll use the results later, so that they take priority over the findings
    # from the log file.
    local $fls_file_analyzed = 0;
    if ($recorder && test_gen_file($fls_name) ) {
        $fls_file_analyzed = 
            (0== parse_fls( $fls_name, \%source_fls, \%generated_fls, \%first_read_after_write, \$pwd_latex ));
        if (! $fls_file_analyzed ) {
            warn "$My_name: fls file '$fls_name' appears to have been made but it couldn't be opened.\n";
        }
    }
 
    &parse_log;

    my $missing_dirs = 'none';      # Status of missing directories
    if (@missing_subdirs) {
        $missing_dirs = 'success';
        if ($allow_subdir_creation) {
            foreach my $dir ( uniqs( @missing_subdirs ) ) {
                if ( -d $dir ) {
                    $missing_dirs = 'failure';
                    warn "$My_name: ==== Directory '$dir' is said to be missing\n",
                         "     But it exists!\n";
                }
                elsif ( (-e $dir) && (!-d $dir) ) {
                    $missing_dirs = 'failure';
                    warn "$My_name: ==== Directory '$dir' is said to be missing\n",
                         "     But a non-directory file of this name exists!\n";
                }
                else {
                    if (mkdir $dir) {
                        warn "$My_name: Directory '$dir' created\n";
                    }
                    else {
                        $missing_dirs = 'failure';
                        warn "$My_name: Couldn't create directory '$dir'.\n",
                             "    System error: '$!'\n";
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else {
            $missing_dirs = 'not allowed';
            warn "$My_name: There are missing subdirectories, but their creation\n",
                 "    is not allowed.  The subdirectories are:\n";
            foreach my $dir ( uniqs( @missing_subdirs ) ) {
                warn "   '$dir'\n";
            }
       }
    }
    # Use results from fls file.  (N.B. The hashes will be empty if the fls file
    # wasn't used/analyzed, so we don't need a test as to whether the fls file was
    # used.
    foreach (keys %source_fls) {
        if (! -e ) {
            # File is listed in .fls file as read, but doesn't exist now.
            # Therefore it is not a true source file, surely.
            # Sometimes this is caused by a bug (e.g., lualatex in TeXLive 2016, 
            #   2017) when there is an incorrect line in .fls file.  (This
            #   would deserve a warning.)
            # But sometimes (e.g., with minted package), the file could be
            #  created during a run, read, and then deleted.
           next;
        }
        $dependents{$_} = 4;
        if ( /\.bbl$/ ) { push @bbl_files, $_; }
    }
    foreach (keys %generated_fls) {
        if (! -e ) {
            # File is listed in .fls file as written, but doesn't exist now.
            # Therefore it is not a true externally visible generated file.
            # (Typically, e.g., with the minted package, it is a temporary
            #   file created during a run and then deleted during the run.)
            next;
        }
        rdb_add_generated( $_ );
        if ( exists($dependents{$_}) ) {
            $dependents{$_} = 6;
        }
     }

    for my $conv (sort keys %conversions) {
        my $conv_source = $conversions{$conv};
        if ( $conv =~ /^(.*)-eps-converted-to\.pdf$/ ) {
            # Check all the conditions for pdflatex's conversion eps to pdf
            # are valid; if they are, treat the converted file as not a
            # source file.
            my $base = $1;
            if ( (-e $conv_source) && (-e $conv) && ( $conv_source eq "$base.eps" ) ) {
                # $conv isn't a real source of *latex
                rdb_remove_files( $rule, $conv );
                delete $dependents{$conv};
                if ($epspdf_cusdep) {
                    $dependents{"$base.pdf"} = ((-e "$base.pdf") ? 4 : 0 );
                }
            }
        }
    }



# ?? !! Should also deal with .run.xml file

    # Handle result on output file:
    #   1.  Non-existent output file, which is because of no content.
    #         This could either be because the source file has genuinely
    #         no content, or because of a missing input file.  Since a
    #         missing input file might be correctable by a run of some
    #         other program whose running is provoked AFTER a run of
    #         *latex, we'll set a diagnostic and leave it to the
    #         rdb_make to handle after all circular dependencies are
    #         resolved. 
    #   2.  The output file might be of a different kind than expected
    #         (i.e., dvi instead of pdf, or vv).  This could
    #         legitimately occur when the source file (or an invoked
    #         package or class) sets \pdfoutput. 
    $missing_dvi_pdf = '';
    if ($primary_out eq '')  {
        warn "$My_name: For rule '$rule', no output was made\n";
        $missing_dvi_pdf = $$Pdest;
    }
    elsif ($primary_out ne normalize_filename($$Pdest) ) {
        my ($actual_base, $actual_path, $actual_ext) = fileparseA( $primary_out );
        my ($intended_base, $intended_path, $intended_ext) = fileparseA( $$Pdest );
        if ( $actual_ext ne $intended_ext ) {
            warn "$My_name: ===For rule '$rule', the extensions differ between the\n",
                 "   actual output file '$primary_out',\n",
                 "   and the expected output '$$Pdest'.\n";
            if ( ! exists $allowed_output_ext{$actual_ext} ) {
                warn "   Actual output file has an extension '$actual_ext' that\n",
                     "   is not one I know about. I cannot handle this\n";
            }
            else {
                my $switch_error = switch_output( $rule, $actual_ext, $intended_ext );
                if ( $switch_error ) { 
                    warn "   I could not accommodate the changed output extension\n",
                         "   (either because the configuration does not allow it\n",
                         "   or because there is a conflict with requested filetypes).\n";
                    $failure = 1;
                    $failure_msg = 'Could not handle change of output extension';
                }
                else {
                    warn "   Rule structure will be changed suitably.\n";
                }
            }
        }
    }

  IDX_FILE:
    foreach my $idx_file ( keys %idx_files ) {
        my ($ind_file, $ind_base) = @{$idx_files{$idx_file}};
        my $from_rule = "makeindex $idx_file";
        if ( ! rdb_rule_exists( $from_rule ) ){
            print "!!!===Creating rule '$from_rule': '$ind_file' from '$idx_file'\n"
                  if ($diagnostics);
            rdb_create_rule( $from_rule, 'external', $makeindex, 'run_makeindex', 1, 
                             $idx_file, $ind_file, $ind_base, 1, 0, 0, 1, [ "$ind_base.ilg" ] );
            print "  ===Source file '$ind_file' for '$rule'\n"
                  if ($diagnostics);
            rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $ind_file, $from_rule );
        }
        # Make sure the .ind file is treated as a detected source file;
        # otherwise if the log file has it under a different name (as
        # with MiKTeX which gives full directory information), there
        # will be problems with the clean-up of the rule concerning
        # no-longer-in-use source files:
        $dependents{$ind_file} = 4;
        if ( ! -e $ind_file ) { 
            # Failure was non-existence of makable file
            # Leave failure issue to other rules.
            $failure = 0;
        }
        $created_rules{$ind_file} = $from_rule;
    }

    local %processed_aux_files = ();
  BBL_FILE:
    foreach my $bbl_file ( uniqs( @bbl_files ) ) {
        my ($bbl_base, $bbl_path, $bbl_ext) = fileparseA( $bbl_file );
        $bbl_base = $bbl_path.$bbl_base;
        my @new_bib_files = ();
        my @new_aux_files = ();
        my @new_bst_files = ();
        my @biber_source = ( "$bbl_base.bcf" );
        my $bib_program = 'bibtex';
        if ( test_gen_file( "$bbl_base.bcf" ) ) {
             $bib_program = 'biber';
        }
        my $from_rule = "$bib_program $bbl_base";
        print "=======  Dealing with '$from_rule'\n" if ($diagnostics);
        # Don't change to use activation and deactivation here, rather than
        # creation and removal of rules.  This is because rules are to be
        # created on the fly here with details corresponding to current. So
        # activating a previously inactive rule, which is out-of-date, may
        # cause trouble.
        if ($bib_program eq 'biber') {
            check_biber_log( $bbl_base, \@biber_source );
            # Remove OPPOSITE kind of bbl generation:
            rdb_remove_rule( "bibtex $bbl_base" );
        }
        else {
            parse_aux( "$bbl_base.aux", \@new_bib_files, \@new_aux_files, \@new_bst_files );
            # Remove OPPOSITE kind of bbl generation:
            rdb_remove_rule( "biber $bbl_base" );
        }
        if ( ! rdb_rule_exists( $from_rule ) ){
            print "   ===Creating rule '$from_rule'\n" if ($diagnostics);
            if ( $bib_program eq 'biber' ) {
                rdb_create_rule( $from_rule, 'external', $biber, '', 1,
                                 "$bbl_base.bcf", $bbl_file, $bbl_base, 1, 0, 0, 1, [ "$bbl_base.blg" ]  );
            }
            else {
                rdb_create_rule( $from_rule, 'external', $bibtex, 'run_bibtex', 1,
                                  "$bbl_base.aux", $bbl_file, $bbl_base, 1, 0, 0, 1, [ "$bbl_base.blg" ]  );
            }
        }
        $created_rules{$bbl_file} = $from_rule;
        local %old_sources = ();
        rdb_one_rule( $from_rule, sub { %old_sources = %$PHsource; } );
        my @new_sources = ( @new_bib_files, @new_aux_files, @new_bst_files );
        if ( $bib_program eq 'biber' ) {
            push @new_sources, @biber_source;
        }
        foreach my $source ( @new_sources ) {
            print "  ===Source file '$source' for '$from_rule'\n"
               if ($diagnostics);
            rdb_ensure_file( $from_rule, $source );
            delete $old_sources{$source};
        }
        foreach my $source ( @new_aux_files ) {
            $processed_aux_files{$source} = 1;
        }
        if ($diagnostics) {
            foreach ( keys %old_sources ) {
                print "Removing no-longer-needed dependent '$_' from rule '$from_rule'\n";
            }
        }
        rdb_remove_files( $from_rule, keys %old_sources );
        print "  ===Source file '$bbl_file' for '$rule'\n"
            if ($diagnostics);
        rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $bbl_file, $from_rule );
        if ( ! -e $bbl_file ) { 
            # Failure was non-existence of makable file
            # Leave failure issue to other rules.
            $failure = 0;
        }
    }

    if ( ($#aux_hooks > -1) && ! exists $processed_aux_files{$aux_main} ) {
        my @new_bib_files = ();
        my @new_aux_files = ();
        my @new_bst_files = ();
        parse_aux( $aux_main, \@new_bib_files, \@new_aux_files, \@new_bst_files );
        foreach my $source ( @new_aux_files ) {
            $processed_aux_files{$source} = 1;
        }
    }

NEW_SOURCE:
    foreach my $new_source (keys %dependents) {
        print "  ===Source file for rule '$rule': '$new_source'\n"
            if ($diagnostics);
        if ( exists $first_read_after_write{$new_source} ) {
            if ( dep_at_start($new_source) ) {
                #warn "--- READ ONLY AFTER WRITE OF '$new_source'\n";
                $dependents{$new_source} = 7;
            }
            else {
                #warn "--- READ ONLY AFTER CREATE OF '$new_source'\n";
                $dependents{$new_source} = 6;
            }
        }
        if ( ($dependents{$new_source} == 5)
             || ($dependents{$new_source} == 6)
            ) {
            # (a) File was detected in "No file..." line in log file. 
            #     Typically file was searched for early in run of 
            #     latex/pdflatex, was not found, and then was written 
            #     later in run.
            # or (b) File was written during run. 
            # In both cases, if file doesn't already exist in database, we 
            #    don't know its previous status.  Therefore we tell 
            #    rdb_ensure_file that if it needs to add the file to its 
            #    database, then the previous version of the file should be 
            #    treated as non-existent, to ensure another run is forced.
            rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $new_source, undef, 1 );
        }
        elsif ( $dependents{$new_source} == 7 )  {
            # File was result of conversion by *latex.
            my $cnv_source = $conversions{$new_source};
            rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $new_source );
#            if ($cnv_source && ($cnv_source !~ /\"/ ) ) {
             if ($cnv_source ) {
                # Conversion from $cnv_source to $new_source
                #   implies that effectively $cnv_source is a source
                #   of the *latex run.
                rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $cnv_source );
            }
            # Flag that changes of the generated file during a run 
            #    do not require a rerun:
            rdb_one_file( $new_source, sub{ $$Pcorrect_after_primary = 1; } );
        }
        else {
            # But we don't need special precautions for ordinary user files 
            #    (or for files that are generated outside of latex/pdflatex). 
            rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $new_source );
        }
        if ( ($dependents{$new_source} == 6) 
             || ($dependents{$new_source} == 7) 
            ) {
            rdb_add_generated($new_source);
        }
    }

    foreach my $Psub (@latex_file_hooks) {
         &$Psub;
    }

    # Some packages (e.g., bibtopic) generate a dummy error-message-providing
    #   bbl file when a bbl file does not exist.  Then the fls and log files
    #   show the bbl file as created by the primary run and hence as a
    #   generated file.  Since we now have a rule to create a real bbl file,
    #   the information in the fls and log files no longer represents a
    #   correct dependency, so the bbl file is to be removed from the
    #   generated files.
    foreach (keys %created_rules) { rdb_remove_generated( $_ );  }

    my @more_sources = &rdb_set_dependents( $rule );
    my $num_new = $#more_sources + 1;
    foreach (@more_sources) { 
        $dependents{$_} = 4;
        if ( ! -e $_ ) { 
            # Failure was non-existence of makable file
            # Leave failure issue to other rules.
            $failure = 0; 
            $$Pchanged = 1; # New files can be made.  Ignore error.
        }
    }
    if ($diagnostics) {
        if ($num_new > 0 ) {
            print "$num_new new source files for rule '$rule':\n";
            foreach (@more_sources) { print "   '$_'\n"; }
        }
        else {
            print "No new source files for rule '$rule':\n";
        }
        my @first_read_after_write = sort keys %first_read_after_write;
        if ($#first_read_after_write >= 0) {
            print "The following files were only read after being written:\n";
            foreach (@first_read_after_write) {
                print "   '$_'\n";
            }
          }
    }
    my @files_not_needed = ();
    foreach (keys %$PHsource) { 
        if ( ! exists $dependents{$_} ) {
            print "Removing no-longer-needed dependent '$_' from rule '$rule'\n"
              if $diagnostics;
            push @files_not_needed, $_;
        }
    }
    rdb_remove_files( $rule, @files_not_needed );

    return ($missing_dirs, [@missing_subdirs] );

} # END rdb_set_latex_deps

#************************************************************

sub switch_output {
    # Usage: switch_output( primary_rule, actual_ext, intended_ext )
    # Rearrange rules to deal with changed extension of output file of
    # the specified primary rule (one of *latex).
    # Return 0 on success, non-zero error code on failure

    my ( $rule, $actual_ext, $intended_ext ) = @_;
    if ( $actual_ext eq $intended_ext ) { return 0; }
    if ( ! $can_switch ) { return 1; }

    if (! defined $possible_primaries{$rule} ) {
        warn "$My_name: BUG: subroutine switch_output called with non-primary rule '$rule'\n";
        return 1;
    }

    rdb_deactivate_derequest( 'dvipdf', 'pspdf', 'xdvipdfmx', keys %possible_primaries );
    
    rdb_activate_request( $rule );

    if ( $actual_ext eq '.dvi' ) {
        rdb_activate_request( 'dvipdf' );
        $input_extensions{$rule} = $standard_input_extensions{latex};
    }
    elsif ( $actual_ext eq '.xdv' ) {
        rdb_activate_request( 'xdvipdfmx' );
        $input_extensions{$rule} = $standard_input_extensions{xelatex};
    }
    else {
        $input_extensions{$rule} = $standard_input_extensions{pdflatex};
    }

    my $old_dest = $$Pdest;
    my $new_dest = $$Pdest;
    $new_dest =~ s/$intended_ext$/$actual_ext/;
    # Compensate for MiKTeX's behavior: dvi and pdf are put in out_dir, but xdv is put in aux_dir:
    if ( ($actual_ext eq '.xdv') && ($out_dir ne $aux_dir) ){ $new_dest =~ s/^$out_dir1/$aux_dir1/; }
    if ( ($intended_ext eq '.xdv') && ($out_dir ne $aux_dir) ){ $new_dest =~ s/^$aux_dir1/$out_dir1/; }

    rdb_change_dest( $new_dest );
        
    # Some fixes to avoid spurious error conditions:
    $switched_primary_output = 1;
    if (-e $$Pdest) {
        $missing_dvi_pdf = '';
        if ($$Plast_result == 1 ) { $$Plast_result = 0; }
    }
    else { $missing_dvi_pdf = $$Pdest; }

    return 0;
} #END switch_output

#************************************************************

sub test_gen_file {
    # Usage: test_gen_file( filename )
    # Tests whether the file was generated during a run of *latex.
    # Assumes context for primary rule.
    # Two kinds of test are used:
    # a. From %generated_log, which works after the log file has been parsed,
    #    but only for certain files and for those TeX engines (not MiKTeX)
    #    that put \openout lines in log file.
    # b. By the file existing and being at least as new as the system
    #    time at the start of the run. But we allow for a measured
    #    offset between filetime and system time, which could be
    #    nonzero if the file is on a different, remote system than the
    #    one running latexmk. We must also allow a threshold in the
    #    comparisons of filetimes to allow for the inaccuracy of the
    #    offset measurement.
    my $file = shift;
    return exists $generated_log{$file}
           || ( -e $file && ( get_mtime( $file ) >= $$Prun_time + $filetime_offset - $filetime_causality_threshold));
}

#************************************************************

sub dep_at_start {
    # Usage: dep_at_start( filename )
    # Tests whether the file was source file and existed at start of run.
    # Assumes context for primary rule.
    my $time = undef;
    rdb_one_file( shift, sub{ $time = $$Ptime; } );
    return (defined $time) && ($time != 0);
}

#************************************************************

sub rdb_find_new_files {
    # Call: rdb_find_new_files
    # Assumes rule context for primary rule.
    # Deal with files which were missing and for which a method
    # of finding them has become available:
    #   (a) A newly available source file for a custom dependency.
    #   (b) When there was no extension, a file with appropriate
    #       extension
    #   (c) When there was no extension, and a newly available source 
    #       file for a custom dependency can make it.

    my %new_includes = ();

MISSING_FILE:
    foreach my $missing ( keys %$PHsource ) {
        next if ( $$PHsource{$missing} != 0 ); 
        my ($base, $path, $ext) = fileparseA( $missing );
        $ext =~ s/^\.//;
        if ( -e "$missing.tex" ) { 
            $new_includes{"$missing.tex"} = 1;
        }
        elsif ( -e $missing ) { 
            $new_includes{$missing} = 1;
        }
        elsif ( $ext ne "" ) {
            foreach my $dep (@cus_dep_list){
               my ($fromext,$toext) = split('\s+',$dep);
               if ( ( "$ext" eq "$toext" )
                    && ( -f "$path$base.$fromext" )
                  )  {
                  # Source file for the missing file exists
                  # So we have a real include file, and it will be made
                  # next time by rdb_set_dependents
                  $new_includes{$missing} = 1;
               }
               else {
                   # no point testing the $toext if the file doesn't exist.
               }
               next MISSING_FILE;
            }
       }
       else {
           # $_ doesn't exist, $_.tex doesn't exist,
           # and $_ doesn't have an extension
           foreach my $dep (@cus_dep_list){
              my ($fromext,$toext) = split('\s+',$dep);
              if ( -f "$path$base.$fromext" ) {
                  # Source file for the missing file exists
                  # So we have a real include file, and it will be made
                  # next time by &rdb__dependents
                  $new_includes{"$path$base.$toext"} = 1;
#                  next MISSING_FILE;
              }
              if ( -f "$path$base.$toext" ) {
                  # We've found the extension for the missing file,
                  # and the file exists
                  $new_includes{"$path$base.$toext"} = 1;
#                  next MISSING_FILE;
              }
           }
       }
    } # end MISSING_FILES

    # Sometimes bad line-breaks in log file (etc) create the
    # impression of a missing file e.g., ./file, but with an incorrect
    # extension.  The above tests find the file with an extension,
    # e.g., ./file.tex, but it is already in the list.  So now I will
    # remove files in the new_include list that are already in the
    # include list.  Also handle aliasing of file.tex and ./file.tex.
    # For example, I once found:
# (./qcdbook.aux (./to-do.aux) (./ideas.aux) (./intro.aux) (./why.aux) (./basics
#.aux) (./classics.aux)

    my $found = 0;
    foreach my $file (keys %new_includes) {
#       if ( $file =~ /\"/ ) {next; }
        my $stripped = $file;
        $stripped =~ s{^\./}{};
        if ( exists $PHsource{$file} ) {
            delete $new_includes{$file};
        }
        else {
            $found ++;
            rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $file );
        }
    }

    if ( $diagnostics && ( $found > 0 ) ) {
        warn "$My_name: Detected previously missing files:\n";
        foreach ( sort keys %new_includes ) {
            warn "   '$_'\n";
        }
    }
    return $found;
} # END rdb_find_new_files

#************************************************************

sub rdb_set_dependents {
    # Call rdb_set_dependents( rules ...)
    # Returns array (sorted), of new source files.
    local @new_sources = ();
    local @deletions = ();

# Shouldn't recurse.  The definite rules to be examined are given.
    rdb_for_some( [@_],  0, \&rdb_one_dep );
# OLD    rdb_recurse( [@_],  0, \&rdb_one_dep );
    foreach (@deletions) {
        my ($rule, $file) = @$_;
        rdb_remove_files( $rule, $file );
    }
    &rdb_make_links;
    return uniqs( @new_sources );
} #END rdb_set_dependents

#************************************************************

sub rdb_find_source_file {
    # Helper for searching dependencies in all paths inside the TEXINPUTS
    # environment variable.
    my $test = "$_[0].$_[1]";
    if ( -e $test ) {
        return $_[0];
    }
    if ( exists $ENV{TEXINPUTS} ) {
        foreach my $searchpath (split $search_path_separator, $ENV{TEXINPUTS}) {
            my $file = File::Spec->catfile($searchpath,$_[0]);
            my $test = "$file.$_[1]";
            if ( -e $test ) {
                return $file;
            }
        }
    }
    return "$_[0]";
}

#************************************************************

sub rdb_one_dep {
    # Helper for finding dependencies.  One case, $rule and $file given
    # Assume file (and rule) context for DESTINATION file.

    # Only look for dependency if $rule is primary rule (i.e., latex
    # or pdflatex) or is a custom dependency:
    if ( (! exists $possible_primaries{$rule}) && ($rule !~ /^cusdep/) ) {
        return;
    }
#print "=============ONE_DEP: '$rule' '$file'\n";
    local $new_dest = $file;
    my ($base_name, $path, $toext) = fileparseA( $new_dest );
    $base_name = $path.$base_name;
    $toext =~ s/^\.//;
    my $Pinput_extensions = $input_extensions{$rule};
DEP:
    foreach my $dep ( @cus_dep_list ) {
        my ($fromext,$proptoext,$must,$func_name) = split('\s+',$dep);
        if ( $toext eq $proptoext ) {
            $base_name = rdb_find_source_file($base_name, $fromext);
            my $source = "$base_name.$fromext";
            # Found match of rule
            if ($diagnostics) {
                print "Found cusdep:  $source to make $rule:$new_dest ====\n";
            }
            if ( -e $source ) {
                $$Pfrom_rule = "cusdep $fromext $toext $base_name";
                my $new_new_dest = "$base_name.$toext";
                if ($new_new_dest ne $new_dest) {
                    rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $new_new_dest );
                    $new_dest = $new_new_dest;
                }
                local @PAnew_cmd = ( 'do_cusdep', $func_name );
                if ( !-e $new_dest ) {
                    push @new_sources, $new_dest;
                }
                if (! rdb_rule_exists( $$Pfrom_rule ) ) {
                    print "$My_name: === Creating rule '$$Pfrom_rule'\n" if $diagnostics;
                    rdb_create_rule( $$Pfrom_rule, 'cusdep', '', \@PAnew_cmd, 3, 
                                     $source, $new_dest, $base_name, 0 );
                }
                return;
            }
            else {
                # Source file does not exist
                if ( !$force_mode && ( $must != 0 ) ) {
                    # But it is required that the source exist ($must !=0)
                    $failure = 1;
                    $failure_msg = "File '$base_name.$fromext' does not exist ".
                                   "to build '$base_name.$toext'";
                    return;
                }
                elsif ( $$Pfrom_rule =~ /^cusdep $fromext $toext / )  {
                    # Source file does not exist, destination has the rule set.
                    # So turn the from_rule off
                    $$Pfrom_rule = '';
                }
                else {
                }
            }
        }
        elsif ( ($toext eq '') 
                && (! -e $file ) 
                && (! -e "$base_name.$proptoext" ) 
                && exists $$Pinput_extensions{$proptoext}
              ) {
            # Empty extension and non-existent destination
            #   This normally results from  \includegraphics{A}
            #    without graphics extension for file, when file does
            #    not exist.  So we will try to find something to make it.
            $base_name = rdb_find_source_file($base_name, $fromext);
            my $source = "$base_name.$fromext";
            if ( -e $source ) {
                $new_dest = "$base_name.$proptoext";
                my $from_rule = "cusdep $fromext $proptoext $base_name";
                push @new_sources, $new_dest;
                print "Ensuring rule for '$from_rule', to make '$new_dest'\n"
                    if $diagnostics > -1;
                local @PAnew_cmd = ( 'do_cusdep', $func_name );
                if (! rdb_rule_exists( $from_rule ) ) {
                    print "$My_name: === Creating rule '$$Pfrom_rule'\n" if $diagnostics;
                    rdb_create_rule( $from_rule, 'cusdep', '', \@PAnew_cmd, 3, 
                                     $source, $new_dest, $base_name, 0 );
                }
                rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $new_dest, $from_rule );
                # We've now got a spurious file in our rule.  But don't mess
                # with deleting an item we are in the middle of!
                push @deletions, [$rule, $file];
                return;
            }
        } # End of Rule found
    } # End DEP
    if ( (! -e $file) && $use_make_for_missing_files ) {
        # Try to make the missing file
        #Set character to surround filenames in commands:
        if ( $toext ne '' ) {
             print "$My_name: '$rule': source file '$file' doesn't exist. I'll try making it...\n";
             &Run_subst( "$make $quote$file$quote" );
             if ( -e $file ) {
                 return;
             }
        }
        else {
             print "$My_name: '$rule': source '$file' doesn't exist.\n",
                   "   I'll try making it with allowed extensions \n";
             foreach my $try_ext ( keys %$Pinput_extensions ) {
                 my $new_dest = "$file.$try_ext";
                 &Run_subst( "$make $quote$new_dest$quote" );
                 if ( -e $new_dest ) {
                     print "SUCCESS in making '$new_dest'\n";
                     # Put file in rule, without a from_rule, but
                     # set its state as non-existent, to correspond
                     # to file's state before the file was made
                     # This ensures a rerun of *latex is provoked.
                     rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $new_dest, undef, 1 );
                     push @new_sources, $new_dest;
                     push @deletions, [$rule, $file];
                     # Flag need for a new run of *latex despite
                     # the error due to a missing file.
                     $$Pout_of_date_user = 1;
                     return;
                 }
           }
        }
    }
} #END rdb_one_dep

#************************************************************

sub rdb_list {
    # Call: rdb_list()
    # List rules and their source files
    print "===Rules:\n";
    local $count_rules = 0;
    my @accessible_all = &rdb_accessible;
    rdb_for_some( 
        \@accessible_all,
        sub{ $count_rules++; 
             print "Rule '$rule' depends on:\n"; 
           },
        sub{ print "    '$file'\n"; },
        sub{ print "  and generates:\n";
             foreach (keys %$PHdest) { print "    '$_'\n"; }
#             print "  default_extra_generated:\n";
#             foreach (@$PA_extra_gen) { print "    '$_'\n"; }
           },
    );
    if ($count_rules <= 0) {
        print "   ---No rules defined\n";
    }
} #END rdb_list

#************************************************************

sub deps_list {
    # Call: deps_list(fh)
    # List dependent files to file open on fh
    my $fh = $_[0];
    print $fh "#===Dependents, and related info, for $filename:\n";
    my @dest_exts = ();
    if ($pdf_mode) {push @dest_exts, '.pdf';}
    if ($dvi_mode) {push @dest_exts, '.dvi';}
    if ($postscript_mode) {push @dest_exts, '.ps';}
    my %source = ( $texfile_name => 1 );
    my @generated = ();
    my @accessible_all = &rdb_accessible;
    rdb_for_some(
        \@accessible_all,
        sub{ push @generated, keys %$PHdest; },
        sub{ $source{$file} = 1; }
    );
    foreach (keys %generated_exts_all) {
        (my $name = /%R/ ? $_ : "%R.$_") =~ s/%R/${aux_dir1}${root_filename}/;
        push @generated, $name;
    }
    show_array( "Generated:", @generated )  if $diagnostics;
    foreach (@generated) {
        delete $source{$_};
    }
    show_array( "Sources:", keys %source ) if $diagnostics;
    foreach my $ext (@dest_exts) {
         # Don't insert name of deps file in targets.
         # The previous behavior of inserting the name of the deps file
         # matched the method recommended by GNU make for automatically
         # generated prerequisites -- see Sec. "Generating Prerequisites
         # Automatically" of GNU make manual (v. 4.2).  But this can
         # cause problems in complicated cases, and as far as I can see,
         # it doesn't actually help, despite the reasoning given.
         # The only purpose of the deps file is to to determine source
         # files for a particular rule.  The files whose changes make the
         # deps file out-of-date are the same as those that make the real
         # target file (e.g., .pdf) out-of-date. So the GNU method seems
         # completely unnecessary.
       print $fh "${out_dir1}${root_filename}${ext} :";
       foreach (sort keys %source) {
           print $fh "\\\n    $_";
       }
       print $fh "\n";
    }
    print $fh "#===End dependents for $filename:\n";
    if ($dependents_phony) {
        print $fh "\n#===Phony rules for $filename:\n\n";
        foreach (sort keys %source) {
            print $fh "$_ :\n\n";
        }
        print $fh "#===End phony rules for $filename:\n";
    }
} #END deps_list

#************************************************************

sub rdb_show {
    # Call: rdb_show()
    # Displays contents of rule data base.
    # Side effect: Exercises access routines!
    print "===Rules:\n";
    local $count_rules = 0;
    rdb_for_actives( 
        sub{ $count_rules++; 
             my @int_cmd = @$PAint_cmd;
             foreach (@int_cmd) {
                 if ( !defined($_) ) { $_='undef';}
             }
             print "  [$rule]: '$$Pcmd_type' '$$Pext_cmd' '@int_cmd' $$Ptest_kind ",
                   "'$$Psource' '$$Pdest' '$$Pbase' $$Pout_of_date $$Pout_of_date_user\n"; },
        sub{ print "    '$file': $$Ptime $$Psize $$Pmd5 '$$Pfrom_rule'\n"; }
    );
    if ($count_rules <= 0) {
        print "   ---No rules defined\n";
    }
} #END rdb_show

#************************************************************

sub rdb_target_array {
    # Returns array of all rules implicated by %target_rules and %target_files
    my %rules = &rdb_target_hash;
    return keys %rules;
} # End rdb_target_array

#************************************************************

sub rdb_target_hash {
    # Returns hash mapping to 1 all rules implicated by %target_rules and %target_files
    my %rules = %target_rules;
    foreach (keys %target_files) {
        if (exists $from_rules{$_}) { $rules{$from_rules{$_}} = 1; }
    }
    return %rules;
} # End rdb_target_hash

#************************************************************

sub rdb_accessible {
    # Call: &rdb_accessible
    # Returns array of rules accessible from target rules and rules to make target files

    local %accessible_rules = &rdb_target_hash;
    rdb_recurse( [keys %accessible_rules], sub{ $accessible_rules{$rule} = 1; } );
    return keys %accessible_rules;
} #END rdb_accessible

#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#************************************************************

sub rdb_make {
    # Call: &rdb_make
    # Makes the targets and prerequisites.  
    # Leaves one-time rules to last.
    # Does appropriate repeated makes to resolve dependency loops

    # Returns 0 on success, nonzero on failure.

    # General method: Find all accessible rules, then repeatedly make
    # them until all accessible rules are up-to-date and the source
    # files are unchanged between runs.  On termination, all
    # accessible rules have stable source files.
    #
    # One-time rules are view and print rules that should not be
    # repeated in an algorithm that repeats rules until the source
    # files are stable.  It is the calling routine's responsibility to
    # arrange to call them, or to use them here with caution.
    #
    # Note that an update-viewer rule need not be considered
    # one-time.  It can be legitimately applied everytime the viewed
    # file changes.
    #
    # Note also that the criterion of stability is to be applied to
    # source files, not to output files.  Repeated application of a
    # rule to IDENTICALLY CONSTANT source files may produce different
    # output files.  This may be for a trivial reason (e.g., the
    # output file contains a time stamp, as in the header comments for
    # a typical postscript file), or for a non-trivial reason (e.g., a
    # stochastic algorithm, as in abcm2ps).   
    #
    # This caused me some actual trouble.  In general, circular
    # dependencies produce non-termination, and the the following
    # situation is an example of a generic situation where certain
    # rules must be obeyed in order to obtain proper results:
    #    1.  A/the latex source file contains specifications for
    #        certain postprocessing operations.  Standard *latex 
    #        already has this, for indexing and bibliography.
    #    2.  In the case in point that caused me trouble, the
    #        specification was for musical tunes that were contained
    #        in external source files not directly input to
    #        *latex.  But in the original version, there was a
    #        style file (abc.sty) that caused latex itself to call
    #        abcm2ps to make .eps files for each tune that were to be
    #        read in on the next run of latex. 
    #    3.  Thus the specification can cause a non-terminating loop
    #        for latexmk, because the output files of abcm2ps changed
    #        even with identical input.  
    #    4.  The solution was to 
    #        a. Use a style file abc_get.sty that simply wrote the
    #           specification on the tunes to the .aux file in a
    #           completely deterministic fashion.
    #        b. Instead of latex, use a script abclatex.pl that runs
    #           latex and then extracts the abc contents for each tune
    #           from the source abc file.  This is also
    #           deterministic. 
    #        c. Use a cusdep rule in latexmk to convert the tune abc
    #           files to eps.  This is non-deterministic, but only
    #           gets called when the (deterministic) source file
    #           changes.
    #        This solves the problem.  Latexmk works.  Also, it is no
    #        longer necessary to enable write18 in latex, and multiple
    #        unnecessary runs of abcm2ps are no longer used. 
    #
    # The order of testing and applying rules is chosen by the
    # following heuristics: 
    #    1.  Both latex and pdflatex may be used, but the resulting
    #        aux files etc may not be completely identical.  Define
    #        latex and pdflatex as primary rules.  Apply the general
    #        method of repeated circulating through all rules until
    #        the source files are stable for each primary rule
    #        separately.  Naturally the rules are all accessible
    #        rules, but excluding primary rules except for the current
    #        primary.
    #    2.  Assume that the primary rules are relatively
    #        time-consuming, so that unnecessary passes through them
    #        to check stability of the source files should be avoided.
    #    3.  Assume that although circular dependencies exist, the
    #        rules can nevertheless be thought of as basically
    #        non-circular, and that many rules are strictly or
    #        normally non-circular.  In particular cusdep rules are
    #        typically non-circular (e.g., fig2eps), as are normal
    #        output processing rules like dvi2ps.  
    #    4.  The order for the non-circular approximation is
    #        determined by applying the assumption that an output file
    #        from one rule that is read in for an earlier stage is
    #        unchanged. 
    #    HOWEVER, at a first attempt, the ordering is not needed.  It
    #    only gives an optimization
    #    5.  (Note that these assumptions could be violated, e.g., if
    #        $dvips is arranged not only to do the basic dvips
    #        command, but also to extract information from the ps file
    #        and feed it back to an input file for *latex.)
    #    6.  Nevertheless, the overall algorithm should allow
    #        circularities.  Then the general criterion of stability
    #        of source files covers the general case, and also
    #        robustly handles the case that the USER changes source
    #        files during a run.  This is particularly important in
    #        -pvc mode, given that a full make on a large document can
    #        be quite lengthy in time, and moreover that a user
    #        naturally wishes to make corrections in response to
    #        errors, particularly latex errors, and have them apply
    #        right away.
    # This leads to the following approach:
    #    1.  Classify accessible rules as: primary, pre-primary
    #        (typically cusdep, bibtex, makeindex, etc), post-primary
    #        (typically dvips, etc), and one-time
    #    2.  Then stratify the rules into an order of application that
    #        corresponds to the basic feedforward structure, with the
    #        exclusion of one-time rules.
    #    3.  Always require that one-time rules are among the
    #        explicitly requested rules, i.e., the last to be applied,
    #        were we to apply them.  Anything else would not match the
    #        idea of a one-time rule.  
    #    4.  Then work as follows:
    #        a. Loop over primaries
    #        b. For each primary, examine each pre-primary rule and
    #           apply if needed, then the primary rule and then each
    #           post-primary rule.  The ordering of the pre-primary
    #           and post-primary rules was found in step 2.
    #      BUT applying the ordering is not essential
    #        c. Any time that a pre-primary or primary rule is
    #           applied, loop back to the beginning of step b.  This
    #           ensures that bibtex etc are applied before rerunning
    #           *latex, and also covers changing source files, and
    #           gives priority to quick pre-primary rules for changing
    #           source files against slow reruns of latex.
    #        d. Then apply post-primary rules in order, but not
    #           looping back after each rule.  This non-looping back
    #           is because the rules are normally feed-forward only.
    #      BUT applying the ordering is not essential
    #        e. But after completing post-primary rules do loop back
    #           to b if any rules were applied.  This covers exotic
    #           circular dependence (and as a byproduct, changing
    #           source files).
    #        f. On each case of looping back to b, re-evaluate the
    #           dependence setup to allow for the effect of changing
    #           source files.  
    #    


    &rdb_set_rule_net;

    local %pass = ();
    local $failure = 0;        # General accumulated error flag
    local $missing_dvi_pdf = ''; # Did primary run fail to make its output file?
    local $runs = 0;
    local $runs_total = 0;
    local $too_many_passes = 0;
    local %rules_applied = ();
    local $switched_primary_output = 0;
    my $retry_msg = 0;         # Did I earlier say I was going to attempt 
                               # another pass after a failure?
    rdb_for_some ( [keys %rule_db],
                   sub{ $pass{$rule} = 0; 
                        foreach (keys %$PHsource_rules) {
                            $$PHsource_rules{$_} = 0;
                        }
                   }
                 );
    PASS:
    while (1==1) {
        # Exit condition at end of body of loop.
        $runs = 0;
        $switched_primary_output = 0;
        my $previous_failure = $failure;
        $failure = 0;
        local $newrule_nofile = 0;  # Flags whether rule created for
                           # making currently non-existent file, which
                           # could become a needed source file for a run
                           # and therefore undo an error condition
        foreach my $rule (keys %rule_db) {
            # Update %pass in case new rules have been created
            if (! exists $pass{$rule} ) { $pass{$rule} = 0; }
        }
        if ($diagnostics) {
            print "Make: doing pre_primary and primary...\n";
        }
        # Do the primary run if it is needed. On return $runs == 0
        #       signals that nothing was run (and hence no output
        #       files changed), either because no input files
        #       changed and no run was needed, or because the
        #       number of passes through the rule exceeded the
        #       limit.  In the second case $too_many_runs is set.
        rdb_for_some( [@pre_primary, $current_primary], \&rdb_make1 );
        if ($switched_primary_output) {
            print "=========SWITCH OF OUTPUT WAS DONE.\n";
            next PASS;
        }
        if ( ($runs > 0) && ! $too_many_passes ) {
            $retry_msg = 0;
            if ( $force_mode || (! $failure) || $switched_primary_output ) {
                next PASS;
            }
            # Get here on failure, without being in force_mode
            if ( $newrule_nofile ) { 
                $retry_msg = 1;
                print "$My_name: Error on run, but found possibility to ",
                      "make new source files\n";
                next PASS;
            }
            else { last PASS; }
        }
        if ($runs == 0) {
            # $failure not set on this pass, so use value from previous pass:
            $failure = $previous_failure;
            if ($retry_msg) {
                print "But in fact no new files made\n";
                }
            if ($failure && !$force_mode ) { last PASS; }
        }
        if ( $missing_dvi_pdf ) { 
            # No output from primary, after completing circular dependence
            warn "Failure to make '$missing_dvi_pdf'\n";
            $failure = 1; 
            last PASS;
        }    
        if ($diagnostics) {
            print "Make: doing post_primary...\n";
        }
        rdb_for_some( [@post_primary], \&rdb_make1 );
        if ( ($runs == 0) || $too_many_passes ) {
            # If $too_many_passes is set, it should also be that
            # $runs == 0; but for safety, I also checked
            # $too_many_passes.
            last PASS;
        }
     }
     continue {
         # Re-evaluate rule classification and accessibility,
         # but do not change primaries.
         # Problem is that %current_primaries gets altered
         &rdb_set_rule_net;
    }  #End PASS

    rdb_for_some( [@unusual_one_time], \&rdb_make1 );

    if ($runs_total > 0) { rdb_write( $fdb_name ); }
    else { print "Nothing to do\n"; }

    if ($#primary_warning_summary > -1) {
        # N.B. $mult_defined, $bad_reference, $bad_character, $bad_citation also available here.
        show_array( "$My_name: Summary of warnings from last run of *latex:", 
                    @primary_warning_summary );
    }
    if (! $silent) {
        if ($failure && $force_mode) {
            print "$My_name: Errors, in force_mode: so I tried finishing targets\n";
        }
        elsif ($failure) {
            print "$My_name: Errors, so I did not complete making targets\n";
        }
        else {
#            local @dests = ( keys %current_primaries, @pre_primary, @post_primary, @unusual_one_time );
            local @rules = ( keys %current_primaries, @post_primary, @unusual_one_time );
            local @dests = ();
            rdb_for_some( [@rules], sub{ push @dests, $$Pdest if ($$Pdest); } );
            print "$My_name: All targets (@dests) are up-to-date\n";
        }
    }
    rdb_for_some ( [keys %rule_db],
                   sub{ 
                        foreach my $s_rule (keys %$PHsource_rules) {
                            $$PHsource_rules{$s_rule} = $pass{$s_rule};
                        }
                   }
                );
    return $failure;
} #END rdb_make

#-------------------

sub rdb_show_rule_errors {
    local @errors = ();
    local @warnings = ();
    rdb_for_actives( 
               sub{
                   if ($$Plast_message ne '') {
                       if ($$Plast_result == 200) {
                          push @warnings, "$rule: $$Plast_message";
                       }
                       else {
                          push @errors, "$rule: $$Plast_message";
                       }
                   }
                   elsif ($$Plast_result == 1) {
                       push @errors, "$rule: failed to create output file";
                   }
                   elsif ($$Plast_result == 2) {
                       push @errors, "$rule: gave an error";
                   }
                   elsif ($$Prun_time == 0) {
                       #  This can have innocuous causes.  So don't report
                   }
               }
              );
    if ($#warnings > -1) { 
        warn "Collected warning summary (may duplicate other messages):\n";
        foreach (@warnings){
            warn "  $_\n";
        }
    }
    if ($#errors > -1) { 
        warn "Collected error summary (may duplicate other messages):\n";
        foreach (@errors){
            warn "  $_\n";
        }
    }
    return $#errors+1;
}

#-------------------

sub rdb_make1 {
    # Call: rdb_make1
    # Helper routine for rdb_make.
    # Carries out make at level of given rule (all data available).
    # Assumes contexts for recursion, make, and rule, and
    # assumes that source files for the rule are to be considered
    # up-to-date.
    if ($diagnostics) { print "  Make1 $rule\n"; }
    if ($failure & ! $force_mode) {return;}
    if ( ! defined $pass{$rule} ) {$pass{$rule} = 0; } 

    # Special fix up for bibtex:
    my $bibtex_not_run = -1;   # Flags status as to whether this is a
        # bibtex rule and if it is, whether out-of-date condition is to
        # be ignored.
        #  -1 => not a bibtex rule
        #   0 => no special treatment
        #   1 => don't run bibtex because of non-existent bibfiles
        #           (and setting to do this test)
        #   2 => don't run bibtex because of setting
    my @missing_bib_files = ();
    if ( $rule =~ /^(bibtex|biber)/ ) {
        $bibtex_not_run = 0;
        if ($bibtex_use == 0) {
           $bibtex_not_run = 2;
        }
        elsif ( ($bibtex_use == 1) || ($bibtex_use == 1.5) ) {
            foreach ( keys %$PHsource ) {
                if ( ( /\.bib$/ ) && (! -e $_) ) {
                    push @missing_bib_files, $_;
                    $bibtex_not_run = 1;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if ( ($$Prun_time == 0) && exists($possible_primaries{$rule}) ) {
        push @rules_never_run, $rule;
        $$Pout_of_date = 1;
        $$Plast_result = -1;
    }
    else {
        if ( $$Pdest && (! -e $$Pdest) ) {
            # With a non-existent destination, if we haven't made any passes
            #   through a rule, rerunning the rule is good, because the file
            #   may fail to exist because of being deleted by the user (for ex.)
            #   rather than because of a failure on a previous run. 
            # (We could do better with a flag in fdb file.)
            # But after the first pass, the situation is different.  
            #   For a primary rule *latex, the lack of a destination file 
            #      could result from there being zero content due to a missing
            #      essential input file.  The input file could be generated 
            #      by a program to be run later (e.g., a cusdep or bibtex), 
            #      so we should wait until all passes are completed before 
            #      deciding a non-existent destination file is an error.
            #   For a custom dependency, the rule may be obsolete, and
            #      if the source file does not exist also, we should simply
            #      not run the rule, but not set an error condition.
            #      Any error will arise at the *latex level due to a 
            #      missing source file at that level.
            if ( $$Psource && (! -e $$Psource)
                 && ( ( $$Pcmd_type ne 'primary') )
               ) {
                # Main source file doesn't exist, and rule is NOT primary.
                # No action, since a run is pointless.  Primary is different:
                # file might be found elsewhere (by kpsearch from *latex),
                # while non-existence of main source file is a clear error.
            }
            elsif ( $$Pcmd_type eq 'delegated' ) {
                # Delegate to destination rule
            }
            elsif ( $pass{$rule}==0) {
                push @no_dest, $$Pdest;
                $$Pout_of_date = 1;
            }
            if ( $$Pcmd_type eq 'primary' ) {
                $missing_dvi_pdf = $$Pdest;
            }
        }
    }

    &rdb_clear_change_record;
    &rdb_flag_changes_here(0);

    if (!$$Pout_of_date) {
        return;
    }
    if ($diagnostics) { print "     remake\n"; }
    if (!$silent) { 
        print "$My_name: applying rule '$rule'...\n"; 
        &rdb_diagnose_changes( "Rule '$rule': " );
    }

    # We are applying the rule, so its source file state for when it
    # was last made is as of now:
    # ??IS IT CORRECT TO DO NOTHING IN CURRENT VERSION?

    # The actual run
    my $return = 0;   # Return code from called routine
    # Rule may have been created since last run:
    if ( ! defined $pass{$rule} ) {$pass{$rule} = 0; }
    if ( $pass{$rule} >= $max_repeat ) {
        # Avoid infinite loop by having a maximum repeat count
        # Getting here represents some kind of weird error.
        warn "$My_name: Maximum runs of $rule reached ",
             "without getting stable files\n";
        $too_many_passes = 1;
        # Treat rule as completed, else in -pvc mode get infinite reruns:
        $$Pout_of_date = 0;
        $failure = 1;
        $failure_msg = "'$rule' needed too many passes";
        return;
    }

    $rules_applied{$rule} = 1;
    $runs++;
    $runs_total++;

    $pass{$rule}++;
    if ($bibtex_not_run > 0) {
        if ($bibtex_not_run == 1 ) {
            show_array ("$My_name: I WON'T RUN '$rule' because I don't find the following files:",
                        @missing_bib_files);
        }
        elsif ($bibtex_not_run == 2 ) {
            warn "$My_name: I AM CONFIGURED/INVOKED NOT TO RUN '$rule'\n"; 
        }
        $return = &rdb_dummy_run0;
    }
    else {
        warn_running( "Run number $pass{$rule} of rule '$rule'" );
        if ($$Pcmd_type eq 'primary' ) { 
            $return = &rdb_primary_run;
        }
        else { $return = &rdb_run1; }
    }
    if ($$Pchanged) {
        $newrule_nofile = 1;
        $return = 0;
    }
    elsif ( $$Pdest && ( !-e $$Pdest ) && (! $failure) ){
        # If there is a destination to make, but for some reason
        #    it did not get made, and no other error was reported, 
        #    then a priori there appears to be an error condition:
        #    the run failed.   But there are some important cases in
        #    which this is a wrong diagnosis.
        if ( ( $$Pcmd_type eq 'cusdep') && $$Psource && (! -e $$Psource) ) {
            # However, if the rule is a custom dependency, this is not by
            #  itself an error, if also the source file does not exist.  In 
            #  that case, we may have the situation that (1) the dest file is no
            #  longer needed by the tex file, and (2) therefore the user
            #  has deleted the source and dest files.  After the next
            #  latex run and the consequent analysis of the log file, the
            #  cusdep rule will no longer be needed, and will be removed.

            # So in this case, do NOT report an error          
            $$Pout_of_date = 0;
        }
        elsif ($$Pcmd_type eq 'primary' ) { 
            # For a primary rule, i.e., *latex, not to produce the 
            #    expected output file may not be an error condition.  
            # Diagnostics were handled in parsing the log file.
            # Special action in main loop in rdb_make
            $missing_dvi_pdf = $$Pdest;
        }
        elsif ($return == -2) {
           # Missing output file was reported to be NOT an error
           $$Pout_of_date = 0;
        }
        elsif ( ($bibtex_use <= 1.5) && ($bibtex_not_run > 0) ) {
           # Lack of destination file is not to be treated as an error
           # for a bibtex rule when latexmk is configured not to treat
           # this as an error, and the lack of a destination file is the
           # only error.
           $$Pout_of_date = 0;
        }
        else {
            $failure = 1;
        }
    }
    if ( ($return != 0) && ($return != -2) ) {
        $failure = 1; 
        $$Plast_result = 2;
        if ( !$$Plast_message ) {
            $$Plast_message = "Run of rule '$rule' gave a non-zero error code";
        }
    }
    foreach ( keys %$PHsource_rules ) {
        $$PHsource_rules{$_} = $pass{$_};
    }
}  #END rdb_make1

#************************************************************

sub rdb_classify_rules {
    # Usage: &rdb_classify_rules
    # Assume the following variables are available (global or local):
    # Input:
    #    %target_rules    # Set to target rules
    #    %target_files    # Set to target files
    #    %possible_primaries
    
    # Output:
    #    %current_primaries    # Keys are actual primaries
    #    @pre_primary          # Array of rules
    #    @post_primary         # Array of rules
    #    @unusual_one_time     # Array of rules
    # @pre_primary and @post_primary are in natural order of application.

    local @requested_targets = &rdb_target_array;
    local $state = 0;       # Post-primary
    local @classify_stack = ();

    %current_primaries = ();
    @pre_primary = ();
    @post_primary = ();
    @unusual_one_time = ();

    rdb_recurse( \@requested_targets, \&rdb_classify1, 0,0, \&rdb_classify2 );

    # Reverse, as tendency is to find last rules first.
    @pre_primary = reverse @pre_primary;
    @post_primary = reverse @post_primary;

    my @current_primaries = keys %current_primaries;
    if ($#current_primaries < 0) {
        die "$My_name: No active primary rules found.  I have to stop.\n";
    }
    elsif ($#current_primaries > 0) {
        die "$My_name: More than one active primary rule found.  I have to stop.\n",
            "  Primary rules: @current_primaries\n";
    }
    $current_primary = $current_primaries[0];

    if ($diagnostics) {
        print "Rule classification: \n";
        if ($#requested_targets < 0) {
            print "  No requested rules\n";
        }
        else {
            print "  Requested rules:\n";
            foreach ( @requested_targets ) { print "    $_\n"; }
        }
        if ($#pre_primary < 0) {
            print "  No pre-primaries\n";
        }
        else {
            print "  Pre-primaries:\n";
            foreach (@pre_primary) { print "    $_\n"; }
        }
        print "  Primaries:\n";
        foreach (keys %current_primaries) { print "    $_\n"; }
        if ($#post_primary < 0) {
            print "  No post-primaries\n";
        }
        else {
            print "  Post-primaries:\n";
            foreach (@post_primary) { print "    $_\n"; }
        }
        if ($#unusual_one_time < 0) {
            print "  No inner-level one_time rules, as expected\n";
        }
        else {
            print "  Inner-level one_time rules:\n";
            foreach ( @unusual_one_time ) { print "    $_\n"; }
        }
        my @normal_one_time = keys %one_time;
        if ($#normal_one_time < 0) {
            print "  No outer-level one_time rules\n";
        }
        else {
            print "  Outer-level one_time rules:\n";
            foreach ( @normal_one_time ) { print "    $_\n"; }
        }
    } #end diagnostics

} #END rdb_classify_rules

#-------------------

sub rdb_classify1 {
    # Helper routine for rdb_classify_rules
    # Applied as rule_act1 in recursion over rules
    # Assumes rule context, and local variables from rdb_classify_rules
    push @classify_stack, [$state];
    if ( exists $possible_one_time{$rule} ) {
        # Normally, we will have already extracted the one_time rules,
        # and they will never be accessed here.  But just in case of
        # problems or generalizations, we will cover all possibilities:
        if ($depth > 1) {
           warn "ONE TIME rule not at outer level '$rule'\n";
        }
        push @unusual_one_time, $rule;
    }
    elsif ($state == 0) {
       if ( exists $possible_primaries{$rule} ) {
           $state = 1;   # In primary rule
           $current_primaries{ $rule } = 1;
       }
       else {
           push @post_primary, $rule;
       }
    }
    else {
        $state = 2;     # in post-primary rule
        push @pre_primary, $rule;
    }
} #END rdb_classify1

#-------------------

sub rdb_classify2 {
    # Helper routine for rdb_classify_rules
    # Applied as rule_act2 in recursion over rules
    # Assumes rule context
    ($state) = @{ pop @classify_stack };
} #END rdb_classify2

#************************************************************


sub rdb_run1 {
    # Assumes context for: rule.
    # Unconditionally apply the rule
    # Returns return code from applying the rule.
    # Otherwise: 0 on other kind of success, 
    #            -1 on error, 
    #            -2 when missing dest_file is to be ignored

    # Source file data, by definition, correspond to the file state just
    # before the latest run, and the run_time to the time just before the run:
    &rdb_update_files;
    $$Prun_time = time();
    $$Pchanged = 0;       # No special changes in files
    $$Plast_result = 0;
    $$Plast_message = '';

    # Return values for external command:
    my $return = 0;

    # Find any internal command
    my @int_args = @$PAint_cmd;
    
    my $int_cmd = shift @int_args;
    my @int_args_for_printing = @int_args;
    foreach (@int_args_for_printing) {
        if ( ! defined $_ ) { $_ = 'undef'; }
    }

    # The actual execution of the command:
    my $time = processing_time();
    if ($int_cmd) {
        print "For rule '$rule', use internal command '\&$int_cmd( @int_args_for_printing )' ...\n"
            if $diagnostics;
        $return = &$int_cmd( @int_args ); 
    }
    elsif ($$Pext_cmd) {
        $return = &Run_subst() / 256;
    }
    else {
        warn "$My_name: Either a bug OR a configuration error:\n",
             "    No command provided for '$rule'\n";
        traceback();
        $return = -1;
        $$Plast_result = 2;
        $$Plast_message = "Bug or configuration error; incorrect command type";
    }
    $time = processing_time() - $time;
    push @timings, "'$_[0]': time = $time\n";            

    if ( $rule =~ /^biber/ ) {
        my @biber_source = ( );
        my $retcode = check_biber_log( $$Pbase, \@biber_source );
        foreach my $source ( @biber_source ) {
#           if ( $source =~ /\"/ ) {next; }
            print "  ===Source file '$source' for '$rule'\n"
               if ($diagnostics);
            rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $source );
        }
        if ($retcode == 5) {
        # Special treatment if sole missing file is bib file
        # I don't want to treat that as an error
            $return = 0;
            $$Plast_result = 200;
            $$Plast_message = "Could not find bib file for '$$Pbase'";
            push @warnings, "Bib file not found for '$$Pbase'";
        }
        elsif ($retcode == 6) {
           # Missing control file.  Need to remake it (if possible)
           # Don't treat missing bbl file as error.
           warn "$My_name: bibtex control file missing.  Since that can\n",
                "   be recreated, I'll try to do so.\n";
           $return = -2;
           rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
        }
        elsif ($retcode == 4) {
            $$Plast_result = 2;
            $$Plast_message = "Could not find all biber source files for '$$Pbase'";
            push @warnings, "Not all biber source files found for '$$Pbase'";
        }
        elsif ($retcode == 3) {
            $$Plast_result = 2;
            $$Plast_message = "Could not open biber log file for '$$Pbase'";
            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
        }
        elsif ($retcode == 2) {
            $$Plast_message = "Biber errors: See file '$$Pbase.blg'";
            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
        }
        elsif ($retcode == 1) {
            push @warnings, "Biber warnings for '$$Pbase'";
        }
        elsif ($retcode == 10) {
            push @warnings, "Biber found no citations for '$$Pbase'";
            # Biber doesn't generate a bbl file in this situation.
            $return = -2;
        }
        elsif ($retcode == 11) {
            push @warnings, "Biber: malformed bcf file for '$$Pbase'.  IGNORE";
            if (!$silent) {
               warn "$My_name: biber found malformed bcf file for '$$Pbase'.\n",
                    "  I'll ignore error, and delete any bbl file.\n";
            }
            # Malformed bcf file is a downstream consequence, normally,
            # of an error in *latex run.  So this is not an error
            # condition in biber itself.
            # Current version of biber deletes bbl file.
            # Older versions (pre-2016) made an incorrect bbl file, which
            # tended to cause latex errors, and give a self-perpetuating error.
            # To be safe, ensure the bbl file doesn't exist.
            unlink $$Pdest;
            # The missing bbl file is now not an error:
            $return = -2;
# ??????? BCF
# Following is intended to work, but creates infinite loop
# in malformed bcf file situation under -pvc.
# since on each check for change in ANY file, pvc finds changed file
# Need to restrict pvc reruns to case of changed USER files
#           # To give good properties for *latex rule, it is best
#           # to have a valid bbl file that exists:
#           create_empty_file( $$Pdest );
#            $return = 0;
            
        }
    }
    if ( $rule =~ /^bibtex/ ) {
        my $retcode = check_bibtex_log($$Pbase);
        if ( ! -e $$Psource ) {
            $retcode = 10;
            rdb_for_some( [keys %current_primaries], sub{ $$Pout_of_date = 1; } );
        }
        if ($retcode == 3) {
            $$Plast_result = 2;
            $$Plast_message = "Could not open bibtex log file for '$$Pbase'";
            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
        }
        elsif ($retcode == 2) {
            $$Plast_message = "Bibtex errors: See file '$$Pbase.blg'";
            $failure = 1;
            push @warnings, $$Plast_message;
        }
        elsif ($retcode == 1) {
            push @warnings, "Bibtex warnings for '$$Pbase'";
        }
        elsif ($retcode == 10) {
            push @warnings, "Bibtex found no citations for '$$Pbase',\n",
                            "    or bibtex found a missing aux file\n";
            if (! -e $$Pdest ) {
                warn "$My_name: Bibtex did not produce '$$Pdest'.  But that\n",
                     "     was because of missing files, so I will continue.\n";
                $return = -2;
            }
            else {
                $return = 0;
            }
        }
    }

    if ( ($$Pcmd_type eq 'primary') && ( $aux_dir ne $out_dir ) ) {
        &move_out_files_from_aux;
    }
    $updated = 1;
    if ($$Ptest_kind == 3) { 
        # We are time-criterion first time only.  Now switch to
        # file-change criterion
        $$Ptest_kind = 1; 
    }
    $$Pout_of_date = $$Pout_of_date_user = 0;

    if ( ($$Plast_result == 0) && ($return != 0) && ($return != -2) ) {
        $$Plast_result = 2;
        if ($$Plast_message eq '') {
            $$Plast_message = "Command for '$rule' gave return code $return";
            if ($rule =~ /^(pdf|lua|xe|)latex/) {
                $$Plast_message .= "\n      Refer to '$log_name' for details";
            }
            elsif ($rule =~ /^makeindex/) {
                $$Plast_message .= "\n      Refer to '${aux_dir1}${root_filename}.ilg' for details";
            }
        }
    }
    elsif ( $$Pdest && (! -e $$Pdest) && ($return != -2) ) {
        $$Plast_result = 1;
    }
    return $return;
}  # END rdb_run1

#-----------------

sub rdb_dummy_run0 {
    # Assumes contexts for: rule.
    # Update rule state as if the rule ran successfully,
    #    but don't run the rule.
    # Returns 0 (success code)

    # Source file data, by definition, correspond to the file state just before 
    # the latest run, and the run_time to the time just before the run:
    &rdb_update_files;
    $$Prun_time = time();
    $$Pchanged = 0;       # No special changes in files
    $$Plast_result = 0;
    $$Plast_message = '';

    if ($$Ptest_kind == 3) { 
        # We are time-criterion first time only.  Now switch to
        # file-change criterion
        $$Ptest_kind = 1; 
    }
    $$Pout_of_date = $$Pout_of_date_user = 0;

    return 0;
}  # END rdb_dummy_run0

#-----------------

sub Run_subst {
    # Call: Run_subst( cmd, msg, options, source, dest, base )
    # Runs command with substitutions.
    # If an argument is omitted or undefined, it is replaced by a default:
    #    cmd is the command to execute
    #    msg is whether to print a message: 
    #           0 for not, 1 according to $silent setting, 2 always
    #    options, source, dest, base: correspond to placeholders.
    # Substitutions:
    #    %S=source, %D=dest, %B=base, %R=root=base for latex, %O=options, 
    #    %T=texfile,
    #    %V=$aux_dir, %W=$out_dir, %Y=$aux_dir1, %Z=$out_dir1
    # This is a globally usable subroutine, and works in a rule context,
    #    and outside.
    # Defaults:
    #     cmd: $PPext_cmd if defined, else '';
    #     msg: 1
    #     options: ''
    #     source:  $$Psource if defined, else $texfile_name;
    #     dest:    $$Pdest if defined, else $view_file, else '';
    #     base:    $$Pbase if defined, else $root_filename;

    my ($ext_cmd, $msg, $options, $source, $dest, $base ) = @_;

    $ext_cmd ||= ( $Pext_cmd ? $$Pext_cmd : '' );
    $msg     =   ( defined $msg ? $msg : 1 );
    $options ||= '';
    $source  ||= ( $Psource ? $$Psource : $texfile_name );
    $dest    ||= ( $Pdest ? $$Pdest : ( $view_file || '' ) );
    $base    ||= ( $Pbase ? $$Pbase : $root_filename );

    if ( $ext_cmd eq '' ) {
         return 0;
    }

    #Set character to surround filenames:
    my %subst = ( 
       '%A' => $quote.$tex_basename.$quote,
       '%B' => $quote.$base.$quote,
       '%D' => $quote.$dest.$quote,
       '%O' => $options,
       '%S' => $quote.$source.$quote,
       '%R' => $quote.$root_filename.$quote,
       '%S' => $quote.$source.$quote,
       '%T' => $quote.$texfile_name.$quote,
       '%V' => $quote.$aux_dir.$quote,
       '%W' => $quote.$out_dir.$quote,
       '%Y' => $quote.$aux_dir1.$quote,
       '%Z' => $quote.$out_dir1.$quote,
       '%%' => '%'         # To allow literal %B, %R, etc, by %%B.
        );
    if ($pre_tex_code) {
        $subst{'%U'} = $quote.$pre_tex_code.$quote;
        $subst{'%P'} = "$quote$pre_tex_code\\input{$source}$quote";
    }
    else {
        $subst{'%U'} = '';
        $subst{'%P'} = $subst{'%S'};
    }
    if ( ($^O eq "MSWin32" ) && $MSWin_back_slash ) {
        foreach ( '%R', '%B', '%T', '%S', '%D', '%Y', '%Z' ) {
            $subst{$_} =~ s(/)(\\)g;
        }
    }

    my @tokens = split /(%.)/, $ext_cmd;
    foreach (@tokens) {
        if (exists($subst{$_})) { $_ = $subst{$_}; }
    }
    $ext_cmd = join '', @tokens;

    my ($pid, $return) = 
          ( ($msg == 0) || ( ($msg == 1) && $silent ) )
             ? &Run($ext_cmd)
             : &Run_msg($ext_cmd);
    return $return;
} #END Run_subst

#-----------------

sub rdb_primary_run {
    # Call: rdb_primary_run
    # Assumes contexts for: recursion, make, & rule.
    # Assumes (a) the rule is a primary, 
    #         (b) a run has to be made,
    #         (c) source files have been made.
    # This routine carries out the run of the rule unconditionally,
    # and then parses log file etc.
    my $return = 0;

    if ( ! $filetime_offset_measured ) {
        $filetime_offset = get_filetime_offset( $aux_dir1."tmp" );
        if ( (abs($filetime_offset) > $filetime_offset_report_threshold)
             && ($diagnostics || ! $silent) )
        {
            warn "$My_name: I am working around an offset relative to my system time by\n",
                 "   $filetime_offset secs for file times in directory '$aux_dir1'.\n";
        }
        $filetime_offset_measured = 1;
    }

    # Need to reset the list of generated files.  If we don't it can contain
    # out-of-date items from previous run.  (Think bibtopic, which writes
    # bbl files!)
    &rdb_initialize_generated;
    my $return_latex = &rdb_run1;

    # Need to worry about changed directory, changed output extension
    # Where else is $missing_dvi_pdf set?  Was it initialized?
    if (-e $$Pdest) { $missing_dvi_pdf = '';}

    # Handle case that log file is caused to be in an unexpected place,
    #   from a configuration error:
    &find_set_log;

    if ($recorder) {
        # Handle problem that some version of *latex give fls files
        #    of name latex.fls or pdflatex.fls instead of $root_filename.fls.
        # Also that setting of -output-directory -aux-directory is not 
        #    respected by *latex, at least in some versions.
        my $std_fls_file = $fls_name;
        my @other_fls_names = ( );
        if ( $rule =~ /^pdflatex/ ) {
            push @other_fls_names, "pdflatex.fls";
        }
        else {
            push @other_fls_names, "latex.fls";
        }
        if ( $aux_dir1 ne '' ) {
            push @other_fls_names, "$root_filename.fls";
            # MiKTeX uses out_dir for .fls. However, it seems logical to
            # me for .fls to be in aux_dir.  So I'll allow for this
            # Possibility, although I don't know if it has been used.
            push @other_fls_names, "$aux_dir1$root_filename.fls";
        }
        # Find the first non-standard fls file and copy it to the standard
        # place. But only do this if the file time is compatible with being
        # generated in the current run, and if the standard fls file hasn't
        # been made in the current run,  as tested by the use of
        # test_gen_file; that avoids problems with fls files leftover from
        # earlier runs with other versions of latex.
        if ( ! test_gen_file( $std_fls_file ) ) {
            foreach my $cand (@other_fls_names) {
                if ( test_gen_file( $cand ) ) {
                    copy $cand, $std_fls_file;
                    last;
                }
            }
        }
        if ( ! test_gen_file( $std_fls_file ) ) {
            warn "$My_name: fls file doesn't appear to have been made.\n";
        }
    }

    # Find current set of source files:
    my ($missing_dirs, $PA_missing_subdirs) = &rdb_set_latex_deps;

    # For each file of the kind made by epstopdf.sty during a run, 
    #   if the file has changed during a run, then the new version of
    #   the file will have been read during the run.  Unlike the usual
    #   case, we will NOT need to redo the primary run because of the
    #   change of this file during the run.  Therefore set the file as
    #   up-to-date:
    rdb_do_files( sub { if ($$Pcorrect_after_primary) {&rdb_update1;} } );

    $updated = 1;    # Flag that some dependent file has been remade

    if ( $diagnostics ) {
        print "$My_name: Rules after run: \n";
        rdb_show();
    }

    $return = $return_latex;

# ???? Is the following needed?
    if ($return_latex && $$Pout_of_date_user) {
       print "Error in *LaTeX, but change of user file(s), ",
             "so ignore error & provoke rerun\n"
          if (! $silent);
       $return = 0;
    }
    if ($return_latex && ($missing_dirs ne 'none') ) {
       print "Error in *LaTeX, but needed subdirectories in output directory\n",
             "   were missing and successfully created, so try again.\n"
          if (! $silent);
       $return = 0;
    }
    # Summarize issues that may have escaped notice:
    @primary_warning_summary = ();
    if ($bad_reference) {
        push @primary_warning_summary,
             "Latex failed to resolve $bad_reference reference(s)";
    }
    if ($mult_defined) {
        push @primary_warning_summary,
             "Latex found $mult_defined multiply defined reference(s)";
    }
    if ($bad_character) {
        push @primary_warning_summary,
            "=====Latex reported missing or unavailable character(s).\n".
            "=====See log file for details.";
    }
    if ($bad_citation) {
        push @primary_warning_summary,
             "Latex failed to resolve $bad_citation citation(s)";
    }
    if ( $diagnostics && ($#primary_warning_summary > -1) ) {
       show_array( "$My_name: Summary of warnings:", @primary_warning_summary );
    }
    return $return;
} #END rdb_primary_run

#************************************************************

sub rdb_clear_change_record {
    # Initialize diagnostics for reasons for running rule.
    @changed = ();
    %changed_rules = ();
    @changed_user = ();
    @disappeared = ();
    @no_dest = ();          # We are not now using this
    @rules_never_run = ();
    @rules_to_apply = ();   # This is used in recursive application
                            # of rdb_flag_changes_here, to list
                            # rules that were out-of-date for some reason.
} #END rdb_clear_change_record 

#************************************************************

sub rdb_flag_changes_here {
    # Flag changes in current rule.  
    # Assumes rule context.
    # Usage: rdb_flag_changes_here( ignore_run_time )
    # Argument: if true then fdb_get shouldn't do runtime test
    #             for recalculation of md5
    local $ignore_run_time = $_[0];
    if ( ! defined $ignore_run_time ) { $ignore_run_time = 0; }

    $$Pcheck_time = time();

    local $dest_mtime = 0;
    $dest_mtime = get_mtime($$Pdest) if ($$Pdest);
    rdb_do_files( \&rdb_file_change1);
    while ( my ($s_rule, $l_pass) = each %$PHsource_rules ) {
        if ( defined $pass{$s_rule}
             && ($pass{$s_rule} > $l_pass)
            )
        {
            $changed_rules{$s_rule} = $rule;
            $$Pout_of_date = 1;
        }
    }
    if ($$Pout_of_date) {
        push @rules_to_apply, $rule;
    }
} #END rdb_flag_changes_here

#************************************************************

sub rdb_file_change1 {
    # Call: &rdb_file_change1
    # Assumes rule and file context.  Assumes $dest_mtime set.
    # Flag whether $file in $rule has changed or disappeared.
    # Set rule's make flag if there's a change.

    my $check_time_argument = 0;
    if (! $ignore_run_time ) {
        $check_time_argument = max( $$Pcheck_time, $$Prun_time );
    }
    my ($new_time, $new_size, $new_md5) = fdb_get($file, $check_time_argument );
    my $ext_no_period = ext_no_period( $file );
    my $generated = exists $from_rules{$file};
    if ( ($new_size < 0) && ($$Psize >= 0) ) {
        # print "Disappeared '$file' in '$rule'\n";
        push @disappeared, $file;
        # No reaction is good.  
        #$$Pout_of_date = 1;
        # ??? 1 Sep. 2008: I do NOT think so, for cusdep no-file-exists issue
        # ??? 30 Sep 2008: I think I have this fixed.  There were other changes
        #  needed.  No-change-flagged is correct.  The array @disappeared flags 
        #  files that have disappeared, if I need to know.  But having a source
        #  file disappear is not a reason for a remake unless I know how to 
        #  make the file.  If the file is a destination of a rule, that rule
        #  will be rerun.  It may be that the user is changing another source 
        #  in such a way that the disappeared file won't be needed.  Before the
        #  change is applied we get a superfluous infinite loop.
        return;
    }
    if ( ($new_size < 0) && ($$Psize < 0) ) {
        return;
    }
    # Primarily use md5 signature to determine whether file contents have
    #   changed.
    # Backup by file size change, but only in the case where there is
    #   no pattern of lines to ignore in testing for a change
    if ( ($new_md5 ne $$Pmd5) 
         || (
              (! exists $hash_calc_ignore_pattern{$ext_no_period})
              && ($new_size != $$Psize)   
            )
       ) {
        push @changed, $file;
        $$Pout_of_date = 1;
        if ( ! $generated ) {
            push @changed_user, $file;
            $$Pout_of_date_user = 1;
        }
    }
    elsif ( $new_time != $$Ptime ) {
        $$Ptime = $new_time;
    }
    if ( ( ($$Ptest_kind == 2) || ($$Ptest_kind == 3) )
         && (! $generated)
         && ( $new_time > $dest_mtime )
        ) {
            push @changed, $file;
            $$Pout_of_date = $$Pout_of_date_user = 1;
    }
} #END rdb_file_change1

#************************************************************

sub rdb_user_changes {
    # Argument(s): a set of top level rules.
    # Aim: Find any changed user files for those rules and all ancestors.
    # Assumption: List of from_rules for files is up-to-date.
    &rdb_clear_change_record;
    rdb_recurse( [@_], sub{ &rdb_flag_changes_here(1); } );
    if ($#changed_user >=0) { show_array( 'User changed files', @changed_user ); }
    return ($#changed_user >= 0);
} #END rdb_user_changes

#************************************************************

sub rdb_diagnose_changes {
    # Call: rdb_diagnose_changes or rdb_diagnose_changes( heading )
    # List changes on STDERR
    # Precede the message by the optional heading, else by "$My_name: " 
    my $heading = defined($_[0]) ?   $_[0]  :  "$My_name: "; 

    if ($#rules_never_run >= 0) {
        warn "${heading}Rules & subrules not known to be previously run:\n";
        foreach (@rules_never_run) { warn "   $_\n"; }
    }
    if ( ($#changed >= 0) || (keys %changed_rules > 0) || ($#disappeared >= 0) || ($#no_dest >= 0) ) {
        warn "${heading}File changes, etc:\n";
        if ( $#changed >= 0 ) {
            warn "   Changed files, or newly in use since previous run(s):\n";
            foreach (uniqs(@changed)) { warn "      '$_'\n"; }
        }
        if ( $#disappeared >= 0 ) {
            warn "   No-longer-existing files:\n";
            foreach (uniqs(@disappeared)) { warn "      '$_'\n"; }
        }
        if ( $#no_dest >= 0 ) {
            warn "   Non-existent destination files:\n";
            foreach (uniqs(@no_dest)) { warn "      '$_'\n"; }
        }
        if ( keys %changed_rules > 0 ) {
            warn "   Rule(s) that have been run and require run of dependent rule:\n";
            while (my ($s_rule, $d_rule) = each %changed_rules) {
                warn "      '$s_rule' which requires run of '$d_rule'\n";
            }
        }
    }
    elsif ($#rules_to_apply >=0) {
         warn "${heading}The following rules & subrules became out-of-date:\n";
         foreach (@rules_to_apply) { warn "      '$_'\n"; }
    }
    else {
        warn "${heading}No file changes\n";
    }
}     #END rdb_diagnose_changes


#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#************************************************************

#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#************************************************************

# Routines for convenient looping and recursion through rule database
# ================= NEW VERSION ================

# There are several places where we need to loop through or recurse
# through rules and files.  This tends to involve repeated, tedious
# and error-prone coding of much book-keeping detail.  In particular,
# working on files and rules needs access to the variables involved,
# which either involves direct access to the elements of the database,
# and consequent fragility against changes and upgrades in the
# database structure, or involves lots of routines for reading and
# writing data in the database, then with lots of repetitious
# house-keeping code.
#
# The routines below provide a solution.  Looping and recursion
# through the database are provided by a set of basic routines where
# each necessary kind of looping and iteration is coded once.  The
# actual actions are provided as references to action subroutines.
# (These can be either actual references, as in \&routine, or
# anonymous subroutines, as in sub{...}, or aas a zero value 0 or an
# omitted argument, to indicate that no action is to be performed.)
#
# When the action subroutine(s) are actually called, a context for the
# rule and/or file (as appropriate) is given by setting named
# variables to REFERENCES to the relevant data values.  These can be
# used to retrieve and set the data values.  As a convention,
# references to scalars are given by variables named start with "$P",
# as in "$Pdest", while references to arrays start with "$PA", as in 
# "$PAint_cmd", and references to hashes with "$PH", as in "$PHsource".
# After the action subroutine has finished, checks for data
# consistency may be made. 
#
# The only routines that actually use the database structure and need
# to be changed if that is changed are:  (a) the routines rdb_one_rule
# and rdb_one_file that implement the calling of the action subroutines,
# (b) routines for creation of single rules and file items, and (c) to
# a lesser extent, the routine for destroying a file item.  
#
# Note that no routine is provided for destroying a rule.  During a
# run, a rule, with its source files, may become inaccessible or
# unused.  This happens dynamically, depending on the dependencies
# caused by changes in the source file or by error conditions that
# cause the computation of dependencies, particular of latex files, to
# become wrong.  In that situation the files certainly come and go in
# the database, but subsidiary rules, with their content information
# on their source files, need to be retained so that their use can be
# reinstated later depending on dynamic changes in other files.
#
# However, there is a potential memory leak unless some pruning is
# done in what is written to the fdb file.  (Probably only accessible
# rules and those for which source files exist.  Other cases have no
# relevant information that needs to be preserved between runs.)

#
#


#************************************************************

# First the top level routines for recursion and iteration

#************************************************************

sub rdb_recurse {
    # Call: rdb_recurse( rule | [ rules],
    #                    \&rule_act1, \&file_act1, \&file_act2, 
    #                    \&rule_act2 )
    # The actions are pointers to subroutines, and may be null (0, or
    # undefined) to indicate no action to be applied.
    # Recursively acts on the given rules and all ancestors:
    #   foreach rule found:
    #       apply rule_act1
    #       loop through its files:
    #          apply file_act1
    #          act on its ancestor rule, if any
    #          apply file_act2
    #       apply rule_act2
    # Guards against loops.  
    # Access to the rule and file data by local variables, only
    #   for getting and setting.

    # This routine sets a context for anything recursive, with @heads,
    # %visited  and $depth being set as local variables.

    local @heads = ();
    my $rules = shift;

    # Distinguish between single rule (a string) and a reference to an
    # array of rules:
    if ( ref $rules eq 'ARRAY' ) { @heads = @$rules; }
    else { @heads = ( $rules ); }

    # Keep a list of visited rules, used to block loops in recursion:
    local %visited = (); 
    local $depth = 0;

    foreach $rule ( @heads ) {
        if ( rdb_is_active($rule) ) { rdb_recurse_rule( $rule, @_ ); }
    }

} #END rdb_recurse

#************************************************************

sub rdb_for_actives {
    # Call: rdb_for_actives( \&rule_act1, \&file_act, \&rule_act2 )
    # Loops through all rules and their source files, using the 
    #   specified set of actions, which are pointers to subroutines.
    # Sorts rules alphabetically.
    # See rdb_for_some for details.
#    rdb_for_some( [ sort keys %rule_db ], @_);
    rdb_for_some( [ sort &rdb_actives ], @_);
} #END rdb_for_actives

#************************************************************

sub rdb_for_some {
    # Call: rdb_for_some( rule | [ rules],
    #                    \&rule_act1, \&file_act, \&rule_act2)
    # Actions can be zero, and rules at tail of argument list can be
    # omitted.  E.g. rdb_for_some( rule, 0, \&file_act ).  
    # Anonymous subroutines can be used, e.g., rdb_for_some( rule, sub{...} ).  
    #
    # Loops through rules and their source files, using the 
    # specified set of rules:
    #   foreach rule:
    #       apply rule_act1
    #       loop through its files:
    #          apply file_act
    #       apply rule_act2
    #
    # Rule data and file data are made available in local variables 
    # for access by the subroutines.

    local @heads = ();
    my $rules = shift;
    # Distinguish between single rule (a string) and a reference to an
    # array of rules:
    if ( ref $rules eq 'ARRAY' ) { @heads = @$rules; }
    else { @heads = ( $rules ); }

    foreach $rule ( @heads ) {
        # $rule is implicitly local
        &rdb_one_rule( $rule, @_ );
    }
}  #END rdb_for_some

#************************************************************

sub rdb_for_one_file {
    my $rule = shift;
    # Avoid name collisions with general recursion and iteraction routines:
    local $file1 = shift;
    local $action1 = shift;
    rdb_for_some( $rule, sub{rdb_one_file($file1,$action1)} );
} #END rdb_for_one_file


#************************************************************

#   Routines for inner part of recursion and iterations

#************************************************************

sub rdb_recurse_rule {
    # Call: rdb_recurse_rule($rule, \&rule_act1, \&file_act1, \&file_act2, 
    #                    \&rule_act2 )
    # to do the work for one rule, recurisvely called from_rules for
    # the sources of the rules.
    # Assumes recursion context, i.e. that %visited, @heads, $depth.
    # We are overriding actions:
    my ($rule, $rule_act1, $new_file_act1, $new_file_act2, $rule_act2)
        = @_;
    if (! rdb_is_active($rule)) { return; }
    # and must propagate the file actions:
    local $file_act1 = $new_file_act1;
    local $file_act2 = $new_file_act2;
    # Prevent loops:
    if ( (! $rule) || exists $visited{$rule} ) { return; }
    $visited{$rule} = 1;
    # Recursion depth
    $depth++;
    # We may need to repeat actions on dependent rules, without being
    # blocked by the test on visited files.  So save %visited:
    # NOT CURRENTLY USED!!    local %visited_at_rule_start = %visited;
    # At end, the last value set for %visited wins.
    rdb_one_rule( $rule, $rule_act1, \&rdb_recurse_file, $rule_act2 );
    $depth--;
 } #END rdb_recurse_rule 

#************************************************************

sub rdb_recurse_file {
    # Call: rdb_recurse_file to do the work for one file.
    # This has no arguments, since it is used as an action subroutine,
    # passed as a reference in calls in higher-level subroutine.
    # Assumes contexts set for: Recursion, rule, and file
    &$file_act1 if $file_act1;
    rdb_recurse_rule( $$Pfrom_rule, $rule_act1, $file_act1, $file_act2,
                      $rule_act2 )
        if $$Pfrom_rule;
    &$file_act2 if $file_act2;
} #END rdb_recurse_file

#************************************************************

sub rdb_do_files {
    # Assumes rule context, including $PHsource.
    # Applies an action to all the source files of the rule.
    local $file_act = shift;
    my @file_list = sort keys %$PHsource;
    foreach my $file ( @file_list ){
        rdb_one_file( $file, $file_act );
    }
} #END rdb_do_files

#************************************************************

# Routines for action on one rule and one file.  These are the main
# places (in addition to creation and destruction routines for rules
# and files) where the database structure is accessed.

#************************************************************

sub rdb_one_rule {
    # Call: rdb_one_rule( $rule, $rule_act1, $file_act, $rule_act2 )
    # Sets context for rule and carries out the actions.
#===== Accesses rule part of database structure =======

    local ( $rule, $rule_act1, $file_act, $rule_act2 ) = @_;
    if ( (! $rule) || ! rdb_rule_exists($rule) ) { return; }

    local ( $PArule_data, $PHsource, $PHdest, $PHsource_rules ) = @{$rule_db{$rule}};
    local ($Pcmd_type, $Pext_cmd, $PAint_cmd, $Ptest_kind, 
           $Psource, $Pdest, $Pbase,
           $Pout_of_date, $Pout_of_date_user, $Prun_time, $Pcheck_time,
           $Pchanged,
           $Plast_result, $Plast_message, $PA_extra_gen )
        = Parray( $PArule_data );

    &$rule_act1 if $rule_act1;
    &rdb_do_files( $file_act ) if $file_act;
    &$rule_act2 if $rule_act2;
} #END rdb_one_rule

#************************************************************

sub rdb_activate {
    # Usage rdb_activate( rule_names )
    # Turns on active flag for the rules
    foreach ( @_ ) {
        if ( rdb_rule_exists($_) ) { $actives{$_} = 1; }
    }
}

#--------------------------------------------------

sub rdb_deactivate {
    # Usage rdb_deactivate( rule_names )
    # Turns off active flag for the rules
    foreach ( @_ ) { delete $actives{$_}; }
}

#--------------------------------------------------

sub rdb_activate_request {
    # Usage rdb_activate_request( rule_names )
    # Turns on active flag for the rules.
    # Adds rules to target_rules list
    foreach ( @_ ) {
        if ( rdb_rule_exists($_) ) { $actives{$_} = 1; $target_rules{$_} = 1; }
    }
}

#--------------------------------------------------

sub rdb_deactivate_derequest {
    # Usage rdb_deactivate_derequest( rule_names )
    # Turns off active flag for the rules
    # Removes rules from target_rules list
    foreach ( @_ ) { delete $actives{$_}; delete $target_rules{$_}; }
}

#--------------------------------------------------
sub rdb_is_active {
    # Usage rdb_is_active( rule_name )    
    if ( (exists $actives{$_[0]}) && rdb_rule_exists($_[0]) ) { return 1; }
    else { return 0; }
}

#--------------------------------------------------

sub rdb_actives {
    # Returns array of active rules
    return keys %actives;
}

#************************************************************

sub rdb_one_file {
    # Call: rdb_one_file($file, $file_act)
    # Sets context for file and carries out the action.
    # Assumes $rule context set.
#===== Accesses file part of database structure =======
    local ($file, $file_act) = @_;
    if ( (!$file) ||(!exists ${$PHsource}{$file}) ) { return; }
    local $PAfile_data = ${$PHsource}{$file};
    local ($Ptime, $Psize, $Pmd5, $Pfrom_rule, $Pcorrect_after_primary ) 
          = Parray( $PAfile_data );
    &$file_act() if $file_act;
    if ( ! rdb_rule_exists( $$Pfrom_rule ) ) {
        $$Pfrom_rule = '';
    }
} #END rdb_one_file

#************************************************************

# Routines for creation of rules and file items, and for removing file
# items. 

#************************************************************

sub rdb_remove_rule {
    # rdb_remove_rule( rule, ...  )
    foreach my $key (@_) {
       delete $rule_db{$key};
       delete $actives{$key};
    }
}

#************************************************************

sub rdb_create_rule {
    # rdb_create_rule( rule, command_type, ext_cmd, int_cmd, test_kind,
    #                  source, dest, base, 
    #                  needs_making, run_time, check_time, set_file_not_exists,
    #                  ref_to_array_of_specs_of_extra_generated_files )
    # int_cmd is either a string naming a perl subroutine or it is a
    # reference to an array containing the subroutine name and its
    # arguments. 
    # Makes rule.  Update rule if it already exists.
    # Omitted arguments: replaced by 0 or '' as needed.
    # Rule is made active
# ==== Sets rule data ====
    my ( $rule, $cmd_type, $ext_cmd, $PAint_cmd, $test_kind, 
         $source, $dest, $base, 
         $needs_making, $run_time, $check_time, $set_file_not_exists, $extra_gen ) = @_;
    my $active = 1;
    my $changed = 0;

    # Set defaults, and normalize parameters:
    foreach ( $cmd_type, $ext_cmd, $PAint_cmd, $source, $dest, $base, 
              $set_file_not_exists ) {
        if (! defined $_) { $_ = ''; }
    }
    if ( ($source =~ /\"/) || ($dest =~ /\"/) || ($base =~ /\"/) ) {
        die "$My_name: Error. In rdb_create_rule to create rule\n",
            "    '$rule',\n",
            "  there is a double quote in one of source, destination or base parameters:\n",
            "    '$source'\n",
            "    '$dest'\n",
            "    '$base'\n",
            "  I cannot handle this.  Cause is probably a latexmk bug.  Please report it.\n";
    }
    foreach ( $needs_making, $run_time, $check_time, $test_kind ) {
        if (! defined $_) { $_ = 0; }
    }
    if (!defined $test_kind) {
        # Default to test on file change
        $test_kind = 1; 
    }
    if ( ref( $PAint_cmd ) eq '' ) {
        #  It is a single command.  Convert to array reference:
        $PAint_cmd = [ $PAint_cmd ];
    }
    else {
        # COPY the referenced array:
        $PAint_cmd = [ @$PAint_cmd ];
    }
    my $PA_extra_gen = [];
    if ($extra_gen) {
        @$PA_extra_gen = @$extra_gen;
    }
    $rule_db{$rule} = 
        [  [$cmd_type, $ext_cmd, $PAint_cmd, $test_kind, 
            $source, $dest, $base,
            $needs_making, 0, $run_time, $check_time, $changed,
            -1, '', $PA_extra_gen ],
           {},
           {},
           {}
        ];
    if ($source) {
       rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $source, undef, $set_file_not_exists );  
    }
    rdb_one_rule( $rule, \&rdb_initialize_generated );
    if ($active) { rdb_activate($rule); }
    else { rdb_deactivate($rule); }
} #END rdb_create_rule

#************************************************************

sub rdb_initialize_generated {
# Assume rule context.
# Initialize hash of generated files
    %$PHdest = ();
    if ($$Pdest) { rdb_add_generated($$Pdest); }
    rdb_add_generated(@$PA_extra_gen);
} #END rdb_initialize_generated

#************************************************************

sub rdb_add_generated {
# Assume rule context.
# Add arguments to hash of generated files, and to global cache
    foreach (@_) {
        $$PHdest{$_} = 1;
        $from_rules{$_} = $rule;
    }
} #END rdb_add_generated

#************************************************************

sub rdb_remove_generated {
# Assume rule context.
# Remove arguments from hash of generated files
    foreach (@_) { delete $$PHdest{$_}; }
} #END rdb_remove_generated

#************************************************************

sub rdb_ensure_file {
    # rdb_ensure_file( rule, file[, fromrule[, set_not_exists]] )
    # Ensures the source file item exists in the given rule.
    # Then if the fromrule is specified, set it for the file item.
    # If the item is created, then:
    #    (a) by default initialize it to current file state.
    #    (b) but if the fourth argument, set_not_exists, is true, 
    #        initialize the item as if the file does not exist.
    #        This case is typically used when the log file for a run
    #        of latex/pdflatex claims that the file was non-existent
    #        at the beginning of a run. 
#============ rule and file data set here ======================================
    my $rule = shift;
    local ( $new_file, $new_from_rule, $set_not_exists ) = @_;
    if ( ! rdb_rule_exists( $rule ) ) {
        die_trace( "$My_name: BUG in call to rdb_ensure_file: non-existent rule '$rule'" );
    }
    if ( ! defined $new_file ) {
        die_trace( "$My_name: BUG in call to rdb_ensure_file: undefined file for '$rule'" );
    }
    if ( $new_file =~ /\"/ ) {
        warn "$My_name: in rdb_ensure_file for rule '$rule', there is a double quote in\n",
             "  the filename: '$new_file'.\n",
             "  I cannot handle this, will ignore this file.\n";
        return;
    }
    if ( ! defined $set_not_exists ) { $set_not_exists = 0; }
    rdb_one_rule( $rule, 
                  sub{
                      if (! exists ${$PHsource}{$new_file} ) {
                          if ( $set_not_exists ) {
                              ${$PHsource}{$new_file} = [@nofile, '', 0];
                          }
                          else {
                              ${$PHsource}{$new_file} 
                              = [fdb_get($new_file, $$Prun_time), '', 0];
                          }
                      }
                  }
    );
    if (defined $new_from_rule ) {
        rdb_for_one_file( $rule, $new_file, sub{ $$Pfrom_rule = $new_from_rule; });
    }
} #END rdb_ensure_file 

#************************************************************

sub rdb_remove_files {
    # rdb_remove_file( rule, file, ... )
    # Removes file(s) for the rule.  
    my $rule = shift;
    if (!$rule) { return; }
    local @files = @_;
    rdb_one_rule( $rule, 
                  sub{ foreach (@files) { delete ${$PHsource}{$_}; }  }
    );
} #END rdb_remove_files

#************************************************************

sub rdb_list_source {
    # rdb_list_source( rule )
    # Return array of source files for rule.
    my $rule = shift;
    my @files = ();
    rdb_one_rule( $rule, 
                  sub{ @files = keys %$PHsource; }
    );
    return @files;
} #END rdb_list_source

#************************************************************

sub rdb_set_source {
    # rdb_set_source( rule, file, ... )
    my $rule = shift;
    if (!$rule) { return; }
    my %files = ();
    foreach (@_) {
#       if ( /\"/ ) {next; }
        rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $_ );
        $files{$_} = 1;
    }
    foreach ( rdb_list_source($rule) ) {
        if ( ! exists $files{$_} ) { rdb_remove_files( $rule, $_ ); }
    }    
    return;
} #END rdb_list_source

#************************************************************

sub rdb_change_dest {
   # Assumes rule context.
   # Usage change_dest( new_dest [, flag] )
   # Changes destination for this rule. Fixes from_rule links.
   # If flag set, make the new_dest a source file in any rule
   # for which the old destination is already set.
   # No action if there's no change of destination.
   local ($new_dest, $flag) = @_;
   local $old_dest = $$Pdest;
   if ($old_dest eq $new_dest) { return; }
#   if ( $new_dest =~ /\"/ ) { return; }
   rdb_remove_generated( $old_dest );
   rdb_add_generated( $new_dest );
   if ($flag) {
      print "rdb_change_dest: fixing dependencies\n";
      rdb_for_actives( sub{ if ( rdb_file_exists( $rule, $old_dest ) ) {
                            rdb_ensure_file( $rule, $new_dest );
                            rdb_remove_files( $rule, $old_dest );
                        }
                      }
                 );
   }
   $$Pdest = $new_dest;
   # ??? Do I need to fix from_rule setting?
   #&rdb_make_links;
   return;
} #END rdb_change_dest

#************************************************************

sub rdb_rule_exists { 
    # Call rdb_rule_exists($rule): Returns whether rule exists.
    my $rule = shift;
    if (! $rule ) { return 0; }
    return exists $rule_db{$rule}; 
} #END rdb_rule_exists

#************************************************************

sub rdb_file_exists { 
    # Call rdb_file_exists($rule, $file): 
    # Returns whether source file item in rule exists.
    local ( $rule, $file ) = @_;
    local $exists = 0;
    rdb_one_rule( $rule, 
                  sub{ $exists =  exists( ${$PHsource}{$file} ) ? 1:0; } 
                );
    return $exists; 
} #END rdb_file_exists

#************************************************************

sub rdb_update_gen_files {
    # Assumes rule context.  Update source files of rule to current state.
    rdb_do_files( 
        sub{
            if ( exists $generated_exts_all{ ext_no_period($file) }
                 || exists $$PHdest{$file}
                ) {
                &rdb_update1;
            }
        }
    );
} #END rdb_update_gen_files

#************************************************************

sub rdb_update_files {
    # Call: rdb_update_files
    # Assumes rule context.  Update source files of rule to current state.
    rdb_do_files( \&rdb_update1 );
}

#************************************************************

sub rdb_update1 {
    # Call: rdb_update1.  
    # Assumes file context.  Updates file data to correspond to
    # current file state on disk
    ($$Ptime, $$Psize, $$Pmd5) = fdb_get($file);
}

#************************************************************

sub rdb_set_file1 {
    # Call: fdb_file1(rule, file, new_time, new_size, new_md5)
    # Sets file time, size and md5.
    my $rule = shift;
    my $file = shift;
    local @new_file_data = @_;
    rdb_for_one_file( $rule, $file, sub{ ($$Ptime,$$Psize,$$Pmd5)=@new_file_data; } );
}

#************************************************************

sub rdb_dummy_file {
    # Returns file data for non-existent file
# ==== Uses rule_db structure ====
    return (0, -1, 0, '');
}

#************************************************************
#************************************************************

# Predefined subroutines for custom dependency

sub cus_dep_delete_dest {
    # This subroutine is used for situations like epstopdf.sty, when
    #   the destination (target) of the custom dependency invoking
    #   this subroutine will be made by the primary run provided the
    #   file (destination of the custom dependency, source of the
    #   primary run) doesn't exist.
    # It is assumed that the resulting file will be read by the
    #   primary run.

    # Remove the destination file, to indicate it needs to be remade:
    unlink_or_move( $$Pdest );
    # Arrange that the non-existent destination file is not treated as
    #   an error.  The variable changed here is a bit misnamed.
    $$Pchanged = 1;
    # Ensure a primary run is done
    &cus_dep_require_primary_run;
    # Return success:
    return 0;
}

#************************************************************

sub cus_dep_require_primary_run {
    # This subroutine is used for situations like epstopdf.sty, when
    #   the destination (target) of the custom dependency invoking
    #   this subroutine will be made by the primary run provided the
    #   file (destination of the custom dependency, source of the
    #   primary run) doesn't exist.
    # It is assumed that the resulting file will be read by the
    #   primary run.

    local $cus_dep_target = $$Pdest;
    # Loop over all rules and source files:
    rdb_for_actives( 0, 
                 sub { if ($file eq $cus_dep_target) {
                            $$Pout_of_date = 1;
                            $$Pcorrect_after_primary = 1;
                       }
                     }
               );
    # Return success:
    return 0;
}


#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#
#      UTILITIES:
#

#************************************************************
# Miscellaneous

sub show_array {
# For use in diagnostics and debugging. 
#  On stderr, print line with $_[0] = label.  
#  Then print rest of @_, one item per line preceeded by some space
    warn "$_[0]\n";
    shift;
    if ($#_ >= 0) {
        foreach (@_){
           if (defined $_ ) { warn "  $_\n"; }
           else { warn "  undef\n"; }
        }
    }
    else { warn "  NONE\n"; }
}


#************************************************************

sub array_to_hash {
    # Call: array_to_hash( items )
    # Returns: hash mapping items to 1
    my %hash = ();
    foreach (@_) {$hash{$_} = 1; }
    return %hash;
}
    
#************************************************************

sub Parray {
    # Call: Parray( \@A )
    # Returns array of references to the elements of @A
    # But if an element of @A is already a reference, the
    # reference will be returned in the output array, not a
    # reference to the reference.
    my $PA = shift;
    my @P = (undef) x (1+$#$PA);
    foreach my $i (0..$#$PA) {
        $P[$i] = (ref $$PA[$i]) ? ($$PA[$i]) : (\$$PA[$i]);
      }
    return @P;
}

#************************************************************

sub glob_list1 {
    # Glob a collection of filenames.  
    # But no sorting or elimination of duplicates
    # Usage: e.g., @globbed = glob_list1(string, ...);
    # Since perl's glob appears to use space as separator, I'll do a special check
    # for existence of non-globbed file (assumed to be tex like)

    my @globbed = ();
    foreach my $file_spec (@_) {
        # Problem, when the PATTERN contains spaces, the space(s) are
        # treated as pattern separaters.
        # Solution: I now the glob from use File::Glob.
        # The following hack avoids issues with glob in the case that a file exists
        # with the specified name (possibly with extension .tex):
        if ( -e $file_spec || -e "$file_spec.tex" ) { 
           # Non-globbed file exists, return the file_spec.
           # Return $file_spec only because this is not a file-finding subroutine, but
           #   only a globber
           push @globbed, $file_spec; 
        }
        else { 
            push @globbed, my_glob( "$file_spec" );
        }
    }
    return @globbed;
} #END glob_list1

#************************************************************
# Miscellaneous

sub prefix {
   #Usage: prefix( string, prefix );
   #Return string with prefix inserted at the front of each line
   my @line = split( /\n/, $_[0] );
   my $prefix = $_[1];
   for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#line; $i++ ) {
       $line[$i] = $prefix.$line[$i]."\n";
   }
   return join( "", @line );
} #END prefix


#===============================

sub parse_quotes {
    # Split string into words.
    # Words are delimited by space, except that strings
    # quoted all stay inside a word.  E.g., 
    #   'asdf B" df "d "jkl"'
    # is split to ( 'asdf', 'B df d', 'jkl').
    # An array is returned.
    my @results = ();
    my $item = '';
    local $_ = shift;
    pos($_) = 0;
  ITEM:
    while() {
        /\G\s*/gc;
        if ( /\G$/ ) {
            last ITEM;
        }
        # Now pos (and \G) is at start of item:
      PART:
        while () {
            if (/\G([^\s\"]*)/gc) {
                $item .= $1;
            }
            if ( /\G\"([^\"]*)\"/gc ) {
                # Match balanced quotes
                $item .= $1;
                next PART;
            }
            elsif ( /\G\"(.*)$/gc ) {
                # Match unbalanced quote
                $item .= $1;
                warn "====Non-matching quotes in\n    '$_'\n";
            }
            push @results, $item;
            $item = '';
            last PART;
        }
    }
    return @results;
} #END parse_quotes

#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#      File handling utilities:


#************************************************************

sub get_latest_mtime
# - arguments: each is a filename.
# - returns most recent modify time.
{
  my $return_mtime = 0;
  foreach my $include (@_)
  {
    my $include_mtime = &get_mtime($include);
    # The file $include may not exist.  If so ignore it, otherwise
    # we'll get an undefined variable warning.
    if ( ($include_mtime) && ($include_mtime >  $return_mtime) )
    {
      $return_mtime = $include_mtime;
    }
  }
  return $return_mtime;
}

#************************************************************

sub get_mtime_raw
{ 
  my $mtime = (stat($_[0]))[9];
  return $mtime;
}

#************************************************************

sub get_mtime { 
    return get_mtime0($_[0]);
}

#************************************************************

sub get_mtime0 {
   # Return time of file named in argument
   # If file does not exist, return 0;
   if ( -e $_[0] ) {
       return get_mtime_raw($_[0]);
   }
   else {
       return 0;
   }
}

#************************************************************

sub get_size {
   # Return time of file named in argument
   # If file does not exist, return 0;
   if ( -e $_[0] ) {
       return get_size_raw($_[0]);
   }
   else {
       return 0;
   }
}

#************************************************************

sub get_size_raw
{ 
  my $size = (stat($_[0]))[7];
  return $size;
}

#************************************************************

sub get_time_size {
   # Return time and size of file named in argument
   # If file does not exist, return (0,-1);
   if ( -e $_[0] ) {
       return get_time_size_raw($_[0]);
   }
   else {
       return (0,-1);
   }
}

#************************************************************

sub get_time_size_raw
{ 
  my $mtime = (stat($_[0]))[9];
  my $size = (stat($_[0]))[7];
  return ($mtime, $size);
}

#************************************************************

sub processing_time
{  my ($user, $system, $cuser, $csystem) = times();
   return $user + $system + $cuser + $csystem;
}

#************************************************************

sub get_checksum_md5 {
    my $source = shift;
    my $input = new FileHandle;
    my $md5 = Digest::MD5->new;
    my $ignore_pattern = undef;

#warn "======= GETTING MD5: $source\n";
    if ( -d $source ) {
        # We won't use checksum for directory
        return 0;
    }
    else {
        open( $input, '<:bytes', $source )
        or return 0;
        my ($base, $path, $ext) = fileparseA( $source );
        $ext =~ s/^\.//;
        if ( exists $hash_calc_ignore_pattern{$ext} ) {
            $ignore_pattern = $hash_calc_ignore_pattern{$ext};
        }
    }
    if ( defined $ignore_pattern ) {
        while (<$input>) {
            if ( ! /$ignore_pattern/ ){
                $md5->add($_);
            }
        }
    }
    else {
        $md5->addfile($input);
    }
    close $input;
    return $md5->hexdigest();
}

#************************************************************
#************************************************************

sub create_empty_file {
    my $name = shift;
    my $h = new FileHandle ">$name"
        or return 1;
    close ($h);
    return 0;
}

#************************************************************
#************************************************************

sub find_file1 {
    # Usage: find_file1(name, ref_to_array_search_path)
    # Modified find_file, which doesn't die.
    # Given filename and path, return array of:
    #             full name 
    #             retcode
    # On success: full_name = full name with path, retcode = 0
    # On failure: full_name = given name, retcode = 1

    my $name = $_[0];
    # Make local copy of path, since we may rewrite it!
    my @path = ();
    if ($_[1]) {
        @path = @{$_[1]};
    }
    if ( $name =~ /^\// ) {
        # Absolute path (if under UNIX)
        # This needs fixing, in general
        if (-e $name) { return( $name, 0 );}
        else { return( $name, 1 );}
    }
    foreach my $dir ( @path ) {
        # Make $dir concatenatable, and empty for current dir:
        if ( $dir eq '.' ) { 
            $dir = ''; 
        }
        elsif ( $dir =~ /[\/\\:]$/ ) { 
            #OK if dir ends in / or \ or :
        }
        elsif ( $dir ne '' ) { 
            #Append directory separator only to non-empty dir
            $dir = "$dir/"; 
        }
        if (-e "$dir$name") {
            return("$dir$name", 0);
        }
    }
    my @kpse_result = kpsewhich( $name );
    if ($#kpse_result > -1) {
        return( $kpse_result[0], 0);
    }
    return("$name" , 1);
} #END find_file1

#************************************************************

sub find_file_list1 {
    # Modified version of find_file_list that doesn't die.
    # Given output and input arrays of filenames, a file suffix, and a path, 
    # fill the output array with full filenames
    # Return array of not-found files.
    # Usage: find_file_list1( ref_to_output_file_array,
    #                         ref_to_input_file_array,
    #                         suffix,
    #                         ref_to_array_search_path
    #                       )
    # SPECIAL TREATMENT TO .bib extension, because of behavior of bibtex
    # OTHER SPECIAL TREATMENT IF EXTENSION IS GIVEN.

  my $ref_output = $_[0];
  my $ref_input  = $_[1];
  my $suffix     = $_[2];
  my $ref_search = $_[3];
  my @not_found = ();

  my @return_list = ();    # Generate list in local array, since input 
                           # and output arrays may be same
  my $retcode = 0;
  foreach my $file1 (@$ref_input) {
    my $file = $file1;
    if ($suffix eq '.bib') { $file =~ s/\.bib$//; }
    my ($tmp_file, $find_retcode) = &find_file1( "$file$suffix", $ref_search );
    if ($tmp_file)  {
        push @return_list, $tmp_file;
    }
    if ( $find_retcode != 0 ) {
        push @not_found, $file.$suffix;
    }
  }
  @$ref_output = @return_list;
  return @not_found;
} #END find_file_list1

#************************************************************

sub unlink_or_move {
    if ( $del_dir eq '' ) {
        foreach (@_) {
            if (!-e) {next;}
            if (-d) {
                if (!rmdir) {
                    warn "$My_name: Cannot remove directory '$_'\n";
                }
            }
            else { 
                if (!unlink) {
                    warn "$My_name: Cannot remove file '$_'\n";
                }
            }
        }
    }
    else {
        foreach (@_) {
            if (-e $_ && ! move $_, "$del_dir/$_" ) {
                warn "$My_name: Cannot move '$_' to '$del_dir/$_'\n";
            }
        }
    }
}

#************************************************************

sub make_path_mod {
    my $dir = $_[0];
    my $title = $_[1];
    my $ret = 0;
    if ( -d $dir ) {}
    elsif ( (! -e $dir) && (! -l $dir) ) {
        # N.B. A link pointing to a non-existing target
        # returns false for -e, so we must also check -l
        warn "$My_name: making $title directory '$dir'\n"
            if ! $silent;
        # Error handling from File::Path documentation:
        make_path( $dir, {error => \my $err} );
        if ($err && @$err) {
             for my $diag (@$err) {
                 my ($file, $message) = %$diag;
                 if ($file eq '') {
                     print "general error in making dir: $message\n";
                 }
                 else {
                      print "problem making path $file: $message\n";
                }
             }
             $ret = 1;
        }
    }
    else {
        $ret = 2;
        warn "$My_name: you requested $title directory '$dir',\n",
            "    but a non-directory file/symlink of the same name exists.\n";
    }
    return $ret;
}

#************************************************************

sub kpsewhich {
# Usage: kpsewhich( filespec, ...)
# Returns array of files with paths as found by kpsewhich
#    kpsewhich( 'try.sty', 'jcc.bib' );
# With standard use of kpsewhich (i.e., without -all option), the array
# has either 0 or 1 element.
# Can also do, e.g.,
#    kpsewhich( '-format=bib', 'trial.bib', 'file with spaces');
    my $cmd = $kpsewhich;
    my @args = @_;
    if ( ($cmd eq '') || ( $cmd =~ /^NONE($| )/ ) ) {
        # Kpsewhich not set up.
        warn "$My_name: Kpsewhich command needed but not set up\n";
        return ();
    }
    foreach (@args) {
        if ( ! /^-/ ) {
            $_ = "\"$_\"";
        }
    }
    $cmd =~ s/%[RBTDO]//g;
    $cmd =~ s/%S/@args/g;
    my @found = ();
    local $fh;
    if ( $kpsewhich_show || $diagnostics ) {
        print "$My_name.kpsewhich: Running '$cmd'...\n";
    }
    open $fh, "$cmd|"
        or die "Cannot open pipe for \"$cmd\"\n";
    while ( <$fh> ) {
        s/[\r\n]*$//;
        push @found, $_;
    }
    close $fh;
    if ( $kpsewhich_show || $diagnostics ) {
        show_array( "$My_name.kpsewhich: '$cmd' ==>", @found );
    }
    return @found;
}

####################################################

sub add_cus_dep {
    # Usage: add_cus_dep( from_ext, to_ext, flag, sub_name )
    # Add cus_dep after removing old versions
    my ($from_ext, $to_ext, $must, $sub_name) = @_;
    remove_cus_dep( $from_ext, $to_ext );
    push @cus_dep_list, "$from_ext $to_ext $must $sub_name";
}

####################################################

sub remove_cus_dep {
    # Usage: remove_cus_dep( from_ext, to_ext )
    my ($from_ext, $to_ext) = @_;
    my $i = 0;
    while ($i <= $#cus_dep_list) {
        # Use \Q and \E round directory name in regex to avoid interpretation
        #   of metacharacters in directory name:
        if ( $cus_dep_list[$i] =~ /^\Q$from_ext $to_ext \E/ ) {
            splice @cus_dep_list, $i, 1;
        }
        else {
            $i++;
        }
    }
}

####################################################

sub show_cus_dep {
    show_array( "Custom dependency list:", @cus_dep_list );
}

####################################################

sub find_cus_dep {
    # Usage find_cus_dep( dest, source )
    # Given dest, if a cus_dep to make it is found, set source.
    # Return 1 or 0 on success or failure.
    #
    my $dest = $_[0];
    my ($base, $path, $ext) = fileparseB( $dest );
    $ext =~ s/^\.//;
    if (! $ext ) { return 0; }
    foreach my $dep ( @cus_dep_list ) {
        my ($fromext, $toext) = split( '\s+', $dep );
        if ( ( "$ext" eq "$toext" ) && ( -f "$path$base.$fromext" ) ) {
            # We have a way of making $dest
            $_[1] = "$path$base.$fromext";
            return 1
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

####################################################
####################################################

sub add_aux_hook {
    # Usage: add_aux_hook( sub_name )
    # Add the name subroutine to the array of hooks for
    # processing lines of aux files.
    # The argument is either a string naming the subroutine, e.g.
    #     add_aux_hook( 'subname' );
    # or a Perl reference to the subroutine, e.g.,
    #     add_aux_hook( \&subname );
    # It is also possible to use an anonymous subroutine, e.g.,
    #     add_aux_hook( sub{  code of subroutine... } );
    my ($sub_name) = @_;
    push @aux_hooks, $sub_name;
}

####################################################

sub add_latex_file_hook {
    # Usage: add_latex_file_hook( sub_name )
    # Add the name subroutine to the array of hooks for
    # processing list of possible dependency files after a run of *latex.
    # The argument is either a string naming the subroutine, e.g.
    #     add_latex_file_hook( 'subname' );
    # or a Perl reference to the subroutine, e.g.,
    #     add_latex_file_hook( \&subname );
    # It is also possible to use an anonymous subroutine, e.g.,
    #     add_latex_file_hook( sub{  code of subroutine... } );
    my ($sub_name) = @_;
    push @latex_file_hooks, $sub_name;
}

####################################################

sub set_input_ext {
    # Usage: set_input_ext( rule, ext, ... )
    # Set list of extension(s) (specified without a leading period) 
    # for the given rule ('latex', 'pdflatex', etc).  
    # These extensions are used when an input
    # file without an extension is found by *latex, as in
    # \input{file} or \includegraphics{figure}.  When latexmk searches
    # custom dependencies to make the missing file, it will assume that
    # the file has one of the specified extensions.
    my $rule = shift;
    $input_extensions{$rule} = {};
    my $Prule = $input_extensions{$rule};
    foreach (@_) { $$Prule{$_} = 1; }
}

####################################################

sub show_input_ext {
    # Usage: show_input_ext( rule )
    my $rule = shift;
    show_array ("Input extensions for rule '$rule': ", 
                keys %{$input_extensions{$rule}} );
}

####################################################

sub find_dirs1 {
   # Same as find_dirs, but argument is single string with directories
   # separated by $search_path_separator
   find_dirs( &split_search_path( $search_path_separator, ".", $_[0] ) );
}


#************************************************************

sub find_dirs {
# @_ is list of directories
# return: same list of directories, except that for each directory 
#         name ending in //, a list of all subdirectories (recursive)
#         is added to the list.
#   Non-existent directories and non-directories are removed from the list
#   Trailing "/"s and "\"s are removed
    local @result = ();
    my $find_action 
        = sub 
          { ## Subroutine for use in File::find
            ## Check to see if we have a directory
               if (-d) { push @result, $File::Find::name; }
          };
    foreach my $directory (@_) {
        my $recurse = ( $directory =~ m[//$] );
        # Remove all trailing /s, since directory name with trailing /
        #   is not always allowed:
        $directory =~ s[/+$][];
        # Similarly for MSWin reverse slash
        $directory =~ s[\\+$][];
        if ( ! -e $directory ){
            next;
        }
        elsif ( $recurse ){
            # Recursively search directory
            find( $find_action, $directory );
        }
        else {
            push @result, $directory;
        }
    }
    return @result;
}

#************************************************************

sub uniq 
# Read arguments, delete neighboring items that are identical,
# return array of results
{
    my @sort = ();
    my ($current, $prev);
    my $first = 1;
    while (@_)
    {
        $current = shift;
        if ($first || ($current ne $prev) )
        {
            push @sort, $current; 
            $prev = $current;
            $first = 0;
        }
    }
    return @sort;
}

#==================================================

sub uniq1 {
   # Usage: uniq1( strings )
   # Returns array of strings with duplicates later in list than
   # first occurence deleted.  Otherwise preserves order.

    my @strings = ();
    my %string_hash = ();

    foreach my $string (@_) {
        if (!exists( $string_hash{$string} )) { 
            $string_hash{$string} = 1;
            push @strings, $string; 
        }
    }
    return @strings;
}

#************************************************************

sub uniqs {
    # Usage: uniq2( strings )
    # Returns array of strings sorted and with duplicates deleted
    return uniq( sort @_ );
}

#************************************************************

sub ext {
    # Return extension of filename.  Extension includes the period
    my $file_name = $_[0];
    my ($base_name, $path, $ext) = fileparseA( $file_name );
    return $ext;
 }

#************************************************************

sub ext_no_period {
    # Return extension of filename.  Extension excludes the period
    my $file_name = $_[0];
    my ($base_name, $path, $ext) = fileparseA( $file_name );
    $ext =~ s/^\.//;
    return $ext;
 }

#************************************************************

sub fileparseA {
    # Like fileparse but replace $path for current dir ('./' or '.\') by ''
    # Also default second argument to get normal extension.
    my $given = $_[0];
    my $pattern = '\.[^\.]*';
    if  ($#_ > 0 ) { $pattern = $_[1]; }
    my ($base_name, $path, $ext) = fileparse( $given, $pattern );
    if ( ($path eq './') || ($path eq '.\\') ) { 
        $path = ''; 
    }
    return ($base_name, $path, $ext);
}

#************************************************************

sub fileparseB {
    # Like fileparse but with default second argument for normal extension
    my $given = $_[0];
    my $pattern = '\.[^\.]*';
    if  ($#_ > 0 ) { $pattern = $_[1]; }
    my ($base_name, $path, $ext) = fileparse( $given, $pattern );
    return ($base_name, $path, $ext);
}

#************************************************************

sub split_search_path 
{
# Usage: &split_search_path( separator, default, string )
# Splits string by separator and returns array of the elements
# Allow empty last component.
# Replace empty terms by the default.
    my $separator = $_[0]; 
    my $default = $_[1]; 
    my $search_path = $_[2]; 
    my @list = split( /$separator/, $search_path);
    if ( $search_path =~ /$separator$/ ) {
        # If search path ends in a blank item, the split subroutine
        #    won't have picked it up.
        # So add it to the list by hand:
        push @list, "";
    }
    # Replace each blank argument (default) by current directory:
    for ($i = 0; $i <= $#list ; $i++ ) {
        if ($list[$i] eq "") {$list[$i] = $default;}
    }
    return @list;
}

#################################

sub get_filetime_offset {
    # Usage: get_filetime_offset( prefix, [suffix] )
    # Measures offset between filetime in a directory and system time
    # Makes a temporary file of a unique name, and deletes in.
    # Filename is of form concatenation of prefix, an integer, suffix.
    # Prefix is normally of form dir/ or dir/tmp.
    # Default default suffix ".tmp".
    my $prefix = $_[0];
    my $suffix = $_[1] || '.tmp';
    my $tmp_file_count = 0;
    while (1==1) {
        # Find a new temporary file, and make it.
        $tmp_file_count++;
        my $tmp_file = "${prefix}${tmp_file_count}${suffix}";
        if ( ! -e $tmp_file ) {
            open( TMP, ">$tmp_file" ) 
                or die "$My_name.get_filetime_offset: In measuring filetime offset, couldn't write to\n",
                       "    temporary file '$tmp_file'\n";
            my $time = time();
            close(TMP);
            my $offset = get_mtime($tmp_file) - $time;
            unlink $tmp_file;
            return $offset;
         }
     }
     die "$My_name.get_filetime_offset: BUG TO ARRIVE HERE\n";
}

#################################

sub tempfile1 {
    # Makes a temporary file of a unique name.  I could use file::temp,
    # but it is not present in all versions of perl.
    # Filename is of form $tmpdir/$_[0]nnn$suffix, where nnn is an integer
    my $tmp_file_count = 0;
    my $prefix = $_[0];
    my $suffix = $_[1];
    while (1==1) {
        # Find a new temporary file, and make it.
        $tmp_file_count++;
        my $tmp_file = "${tmpdir}/${prefix}${tmp_file_count}${suffix}";
        if ( ! -e $tmp_file ) {
            open( TMP, ">$tmp_file" ) 
               or next;
            close(TMP);
            return $tmp_file;
         }
     }
     die "$My_name.tempfile1: BUG TO ARRIVE HERE\n";
}

#################################

#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#      Process/subprocess routines

sub Run_msg {
    # Same as Run, but give message about my running
    warn_running( "Running '$_[0]'" );
    return Run($_[0]);
} #END Run_msg

#==================

sub Run_time {
    # This is wrapper around Run to capture timing information
    my $time1 = processing_time();
    my ($pid, $return) = Run($_[0]);
    my $time = processing_time() - $time1;
    push @timings, "'$_[0]': time = $time\n"; 
    return ($pid, $return);
} #END Run_time

#==================

sub Run {
# Usage: Run_no_time ("command string");
#    or  Run_no_time ("one-or-more keywords command string");
# Possible keywords: internal, NONE, start, nostart.
#
# A command string not started by keywords just gives a call to system with
#   the specified string, I return after that has finished executing.
# Exceptions to this behavior are triggered by keywords.
# The general form of the string is
#    Zero or more occurences of the start keyword,
#    followed by at most one of the other key words (internal, nostart, NONE),
#    followed by (a) a command string to be executed by the systerm
#             or (b) if the command string is specified to be internal, then
#                    it is of the form
#
#                       routine arguments
#
#                    which implies invocation of the named Perl subroutine
#                    with the given arguments, which are obtained by splitting
#                    the string into words, delimited by spaces, but with
#                    allowance for double quotes.
#
# The meaning of the keywords is:
#
#    start: The command line is to be running detached, as appropriate for
#             a previewer.  The method is appropriate for the operating system
#             (and the keyword is inspired by the action of the start command
#             that implements in under MSWin).
#           HOWEVER: the start keyword is countermanded by the nostart,
#             internal, and NONE keywords.  This allows rules that do
#             previewing to insert a start keyword to create a presumption
#             of detached running unless otherwise.
#   nostart: Countermands a previous start keyword; the following command
#             string is then to be obeyed by the system, and any necessary
#             detaching (as of a previewer) is done by the executed command(s).
#   internal: The following command string, of the form 'routine arguments'
#             specifies a call to the named Perl subroutine.
#   NONE:   This does not run anything, but causes an error message to be
#             printed.  This is provided to allow program names defined in the
#             configuration to flag themselves as unimplemented.
# Note that if the word "start" is duplicated at the beginning, that is
#   equivalent to a single "start".
#
# Return value is a list (pid, exitcode):
#   If a process is spawned sucessfully, and I know the PID,
#       return (pid, 0),
#   else if process is spawned sucessfully, but I do not know the PID,
#       return (0, 0),
#   else if process is run, 
#       return (0, exitcode of process)
#   else if I fail to run the requested process
#       return (0, suitable return code)
#   where return code is 1 if cmdline is null or begins with "NONE" (for
#       an unimplemented command)
#       or the return value of the Perl subroutine.
    my $cmd_line = $_[0];
    if ( $cmd_line eq '' ) {
        traceback( "$My_name: Bug OR configuration error\n".
                   "   In run of '$rule', attempt to run a null program" );
        return (0, 1);
    }
    # Deal with latexmk-defined pseudocommands 'start' and 'NONE' 
    # at front of command line:
    my $detach = 0;
    while ( $cmd_line =~ s/^start +// ) {
        # But first remove extra starts (which may have been inserted
        # to force a command to be run detached, when the command
        # already contained a "start").
        $detach = 1;
    }
    if ( $cmd_line =~ s/^nostart +// ) {
        $detach = 0;
    }
    if ( $cmd_line =~ /^internal\s+([a-zA-Z_]\w*)\s+(.*)$/ ) {
        my $routine = $1;
        my @args = parse_quotes( $2 );
        warn "$My_name: calling $routine( $2 )\n"
            if (! $silent);
        return ( 0, &$routine( @args ) );
    }
    elsif ( $cmd_line =~ /^internal\s+([a-zA-Z_]\w*)\s*$/ ) {
        my $routine = $1;
        warn "$My_name: calling $routine()\n"
            if (! $silent);
        return ( 0, &$routine() );
    }
    elsif ( $cmd_line =~ /^NONE/ ) {
        warn "$My_name: ",
             "Program not implemented for this version.  Command line:\n";
        warn "   '$cmd_line'\n";
        return (0, 1);
    }
    elsif ($detach) {
        # Run detached.  How to do this depends on the OS
        return &Run_Detached( $cmd_line );
    }
    else { 
       # The command is given to system as a single argument, to force shell
       # metacharacters to be interpreted:
       return( 0, system( $cmd_line ) );
   }
}  #END Run

#************************************************************

sub Run_Detached {
# Usage: Run_Detached ("program arguments ");
# Runs program detached.  Returns 0 on success, 1 on failure.
# Under UNIX use a trick to avoid the program being killed when the 
#    parent process, i.e., me, gets a ctrl/C, which is undesirable for pvc 
#    mode.  (The simplest method, system("program arguments &"), makes the 
#    child process respond to the ctrl/C.)
# Return value is a list (pid, exitcode):
#   If process is spawned sucessfully, and I know the PID,
#       return (pid, 0),
#   else if process is spawned sucessfully, but I do not know the PID,
#       return (0, 0),
#   else if I fail to spawn a process
#       return (0, 1)

    my $cmd_line = $_[0];

##    warn "Running '$cmd_line' detached...\n";
    if ( $cmd_line =~ /^NONE / ) {
        warn "$My_name: ",
             "Program not implemented for this version.  Command line:\n";
        warn "   '$cmd_line'\n";
        return (0, 1);
    }

    if ( "$^O" eq "MSWin32" ){
        # Win95, WinNT, etc: Use MS's start command:
        # Need extra double quotes to deal with quoted filenames: 
        #    MSWin start takes first quoted argument to be a Window title. 
        return( 0, system( "start \"\" $cmd_line" ) );
    } else {
        # Assume anything else is UNIX or clone
        # For this purpose cygwin behaves like UNIX.
        ## warn "Run_Detached.UNIX: A\n";
        my $pid = fork();
        ## warn "Run_Detached.UNIX: B pid=$pid\n";
        if ( ! defined $pid ) {
            ## warn "Run_Detached.UNIX: C\n";
            warn "$My_name: Could not fork to run the following command:\n";
            warn "   '$cmd_line'\n";
            return (0, 1);
        }
        elsif( $pid == 0 ){
           ## warn "Run_Detached.UNIX: D\n";
           # Forked child process arrives here
           # Insulate child process from interruption by ctrl/C to kill parent:
           #     setpgrp(0,0);
           # Perhaps this works if setpgrp doesn't exist 
           #    (and therefore gives fatal error):
           eval{ setpgrp(0,0);};
           exec( $cmd_line );
           # Exec never returns; it replaces current process by new process
           die "$My_name forked process: could not run the command\n",
               "  '$cmd_line'\n";
        }
        ##warn "Run_Detached.UNIX: E\n";
        # Original process arrives here
        return ($pid, 0);
    }
    # NEVER GET HERE.
    ##warn "Run_Detached.UNIX: F\n";
} #END Run_Detached

#************************************************************

sub find_process_id {
# find_process_id(string) finds id of process containing string and
# being run by the present user.  In all the uses in latexmk, the string is
# the name of a file that is expected to be on the command line.
#
# On success, this subroutine returns the process ID.
# On failure, it returns 0.
#
# This subroutine only works on UNIX systems at the moment.

    if ( $pid_position < 0 ) {
        # I cannot do a ps on this system
        return (0);
    }

    my $looking_for = $_[0];
    my @ps_output = `$pscmd`;
    my @ps_lines = ();

# There may be multiple processes.  Find only latest, 
#   almost surely the one with the highest process number
# This will deal with cases like xdvi where a script is used to 
#   run the viewer and both the script and the actual viewer binary
#   have running processes.
    my @found = ();

    shift(@ps_output);  # Discard the header line from ps
    foreach (@ps_output)   {
        next unless ( /$looking_for/ ) ;
        s/^\s*//;
        my @ps_line = split ('\s+');
        push @found, $ps_line[$pid_position];
        push @ps_lines, $_;
    }

    if ($#found < 0) {
       # No luck in finding the specified process.
       return(0);
    }
    @found = reverse sort @found;
    if ($diagnostics) {
       print "Found the following processes concerning '$looking_for'\n",
             "   @found\n",
             "   I will use $found[0]\n";
       print "   The relevant lines from '$pscmd' were:\n";
       foreach (@ps_lines) { print "   $_"; }
    }
    return $found[0];
}

#************************************************************
#************************************************************
#************************************************************

#============================================

sub cache_good_cwd {
    # Set cached value of cwd to current cwd.
    # Under cygwin, the cached value is converted to a native MSWin path so
    # that the result can be used for input to MSWin programs as well
    # as cygwin programs.
    # Similarly for msys.
    my $cwd = getcwd();
    if ( $^O eq "cygwin" ) {
        my $cmd = "cygpath -w \"$cwd\"";
        my $Win_cwd = `$cmd`;
        chomp $Win_cwd;
        if ( $Win_cwd ) {
            $cwd = $Win_cwd;
        }
        else {
            warn "$My_name: Could not correctly run command\n",
                 "      '$cmd'\n",
                 "  to get MSWin version of cygwin path\n",
                 "     '$cwd'\n",
                 "  The result was\n",
                 "     '$Win_cwd'\n";
        }
    }
    elsif ( $^O eq "msys" ) {
        $cwd =~ s[^/([a-z])/][\u$1:/];
    }
    # Normalized
    if ($normalize_names) {
        $cwd = abs_path($cwd);
    }
    $cache{cwd} = $cwd;
}  # END cache_good_cwd

#============================================

sub good_cwd {
    # Return cwd, but under cygwin (or ...), convert to MSWin path.
    # Use cached result, to save a possible expensive computation (running 
    #  of extenal program under cygwin).
    return $cache{cwd};
}  # END good_cwd

#============================================

#   Directory stack routines

sub pushd {
    push @dir_stack, [cwd(), $cache{cwd}];
    if ( $#_ > -1) {
        local $ret = 0;
        eval {
            if ( -d $_[0] ) {
                $ret = chdir dirname_no_tail( $_[0] );
            }
            else {
                print "$my_name: Can't change directory to '$_[0]'\n",
                      "   A directory of the same name does not exist.\n";
            }
        };
        if ( ($ret == 0) || $@ ) {            
            if ($@) {
                print "Error:\n  $@" ;
            }
            die "$My_name: Error in changing directory to '$_[0]'.  I must stop\n";
        }
        &cache_good_cwd;
    }
}

#************************************************************

sub popd {
    if ($#dir_stack > -1 ) { 
        my $Parr = pop @dir_stack;
        chdir $$Parr[0];
        $cache{cwd} = $$Parr[1];
    }
}

#************************************************************

sub ifcd_popd {
    if ( $do_cd ) {
        warn "$My_name: Undoing directory change\n"
          if !$silent;
        &popd;
    }
}

#************************************************************

sub finish_dir_stack {
    while ($#dir_stack > -1 ) { &popd; }
}

#************************************************************
#************************************************************
# Break handling routines (for wait-loop in preview continuous)

sub end_wait {
    #  Handler for break: Set global variable $have_break to 1.
    # Some systems (e.g., MSWin reset) appear to reset the handler.
    # So I'll re-enable it
    &catch_break;
    $have_break = 1;
}

#========================

sub catch_break {
# Capture ctrl/C and ctrl/break.
# $SIG{INT} corresponds to ctrl/C on LINUX/?UNIX and MSWin
# $SIG{BREAK} corresponds to ctrl/break on MSWin, doesn't exist on LINUX
    $SIG{INT} = \&end_wait;
    if ( exists $SIG{BREAK} ) {
        $SIG{BREAK} = \&end_wait;
    }
}

#========================

sub default_break {
# Arrange for ctrl/C and ctrl/break to give default behavior
    $SIG{INT} = 'DEFAULT';
    if ( exists $SIG{BREAK} ) {
        $SIG{BREAK} = 'DEFAULT';
    }
}

#************************************************************
#************************************************************