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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"  
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  
<html > 
<head><title>15 Repeating Things: The Foreach Statement</title> 
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<meta name="generator" content="TeX4ht (http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/mn.html)"> 
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<meta name="src" content="pgfmanual.tex"> 
<meta name="date" content="2005-11-15 18:41:00"> 
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</head><body 
>
   <div class="crosslinks"><p class="noindent">[<a 
href="pgfmanualse16.html" >next</a>] [<a 
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href="pgfmanualse14.html#tailpgfmanualse14.html" >prev-tail</a>] [<a 
href="#tailpgfmanualse15.html">tail</a>] [<a 
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   <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">15   </span> <a 
 id="x16-17900015"></a>Repeating Things: The Foreach Statement</h3>
<!--l. 10--><p class="noindent">In this section the package <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">pgffor.sty</span></span></span> is described. It can be used independently of <span 
class="cmcsc-10"><small 
class="small-caps">P</small><small 
class="small-caps">G</small><small 
class="small-caps">F</small></span>, but it works particularly
well together with <span 
class="cmcsc-10"><small 
class="small-caps">P</small><small 
class="small-caps">G</small><small 
class="small-caps">F</small></span>&nbsp;and Ti<span 
class="cmti-10">k</span>Z.
<!--l. 14--><p class="indent">   When you say <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\usepackage{pgffor}</span></span></span>, two commands are defined: <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\breakforeach</span></span></span>. Their
behaviour is described in the following:
<!--l. 19--><p class="indent">
     <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
<span 
class="colorbox" id="colorbox148"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"> </span></span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">variables</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"> <span 
class="cmtt-10">in </span></span></span><span 
class="cmtt-10">{</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">list</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">} </span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">commands</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span></span> </dt><dd 
class="description">
<a 
 id="dx16-179001"></a>
     <!--l. 20--><p class="noindent">The syntax of this command is a bit complicated, so let us go through it step-by-step.
     <!--l. 23--><p class="noindent">In the easiest case, <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">variables</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is a single <span class="TEX">T<span 
class="E">E</span>X</span>-command like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\x</span></span></span> or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\point</span></span></span>. (If you want to have some
     fun, you can also use active characters. If you do not know what active characters are, you are blessed.)
     <!--l. 28--><p class="noindent">Still in the easiest case, <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">list</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is a comma-separated list of values. Anything can be used as a value,
     but numbers are most likely.
     <!--l. 32--><p class="noindent">Finally, in the easiest case, <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">commands</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is some <span class="TEX">T<span 
class="E">E</span>X</span>-text in curly braces.
     <!--l. 35--><p class="noindent">With all these assumptions, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span></span></span> statement will execute the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">commands</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>repeatedly, once for
     every element of the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">list</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. Each time the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">commands</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>are executed, the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">variable</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>will be set to the
     current value of the list item.
     <!--l. 40--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-367-" ><colgroup id="TBL-367-1g"><col 
id="TBL-367-1"><col 
id="TBL-367-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-367-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-367-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;[1][2][3][0]&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-367-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{1,2,3,0}</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{[\x]}</span></div>                                                                               </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table>
     </div>
     <!--l. 45--><p class="noindent"><span 
class="cmbx-10">Syntax for the commands. </span>Let use move on to a more complicated setting. The first complication occurs
     when the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">commands</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>are not some text in curly braces. If the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span></span></span> statement does not encounter an
     opening brace, it will instead scan everything up to the next semicolon and use this as <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">commands</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. This is
     most useful in situations like the following:
     <!--l. 53--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-368-" ><colgroup id="TBL-368-1g"><col 
id="TBL-368-1"><col 
id="TBL-368-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-368-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-368-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-458.svg" width="130.51836 " height="16.70782 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-368-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{0,1,2,3}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\x,0)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;circle</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0.2cm);</span></div>                                                                              </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table></div>
     <!--l. 59--><p class="noindent">However, the &#8220;reading till the next semicolon&#8221; is not the whole truth. There is another rule: If a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span></span></span>
     statement is directly followed by another <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span></span></span> statement, this second foreach statement is collected as
     <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">commands</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. This allows you to write the following:
     <!--l. 65--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-369-" ><colgroup id="TBL-369-1g"><col 
id="TBL-369-1"><col 
id="TBL-369-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-369-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-369-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-459.svg" width="130.51836 " height="130.51836 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-369-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{0,1,2,3}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\y</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{0,1,2,3}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\x,\y)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;circle</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0.2cm);</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\fill</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\x,\y)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;circle</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0.1cm);</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div>                                                                                             </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table></div>
                                                                                         
                                                                                         
     <!--l. 77--><p class="noindent"><span 
class="cmbx-10">The dots notation. </span>The second complication concerns the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">list</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. If this <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">list</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>contains the
     list item &#8220;<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">...</span></span></span>&#8221;, this list item is replaced by the &#8220;missing values.&#8221; More precisely, the following
     happens:
     <!--l. 82--><p class="noindent">Normally, when a list item <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">...</span></span></span> is encountered, there should already have been <span 
class="cmti-10">two </span>list items before it, which
     where numbers. Examples of <span 
class="cmti-10">numbers </span>are <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">1</span></span></span>, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">-10</span></span></span>, or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">-0.24</span></span></span>. Let us call these numbers <span 
class="cmmi-10">x </span>and <span 
class="cmmi-10">y </span>and let
     <span 
class="cmmi-10">d </span>:= <span 
class="cmmi-10">y </span><span 
class="cmsy-10">-</span><span 
class="cmmi-10">x </span>be their difference. Next, there should also be one number following the three dots, let us call this
     number&nbsp;<span 
class="cmmi-10">z</span>.
     <!--l. 89--><p class="noindent">In this situation, the part of the list reading &#8220;<span 
class="cmmi-10">x</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">,</span></span></span><span 
class="cmmi-10">y</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">,...,</span></span></span><span 
class="cmmi-10">z</span>&#8221; is replaced by &#8220;<span 
class="cmmi-10">x</span>, <span 
class="cmmi-10">x </span>+ <span 
class="cmmi-10">d</span>, <span 
class="cmmi-10">x </span>+ 2<span 
class="cmmi-10">d</span>, <span 
class="cmmi-10">x </span>+ 3<span 
class="cmmi-10">d</span>, ...,
     <span 
class="cmmi-10">x </span>+ <span 
class="cmmi-10">md</span>,&#8221; where the last dots are semantic dots, not syntactic dots. The value <span 
class="cmmi-10">m </span>is the largest number such
     that <span 
class="cmmi-10">x </span>+ <span 
class="cmmi-10">md </span><span 
class="cmsy-10"><u 
class="underline">&lt;</u> </span><span 
class="cmmi-10">z </span>if <span 
class="cmmi-10">d </span>is positive or such that <span 
class="cmmi-10">x </span>+ <span 
class="cmmi-10">md </span><span 
class="cmsy-10"><u 
class="underline">&gt;</u> </span><span 
class="cmmi-10">z </span>if <span 
class="cmmi-10">d </span>is negative.
     <!--l. 96--><p class="noindent">Perhaps it is best to explain this by some examples: The following <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">list</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>have the same effects:
     <!--l. 99--><p class="noindent"><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{1,2,...,6}</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{\x,</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;}</span></span></span> yields 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
     <!--l. 101--><p class="noindent"><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{1,2,3,...,6}</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{\x,</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;}</span></span></span> yields 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
     <!--l. 103--><p class="noindent"><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{1,3,...,11}</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{\x,</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;}</span></span></span> yields 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11,
     <!--l. 105--><p class="noindent"><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{1,3,...,10}</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{\x,</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;}</span></span></span> yields 1, 3, 5, 7, 9,
     <!--l. 107--><p class="noindent"><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{0,0.1,...,0.5}</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{\x,</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;}</span></span></span> yields 0, 0.1, 0.20001, 0.30002, 0.40002,
     <!--l. 109--><p class="noindent"><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{a,b,9,8,...,1,2,2.125,...,2.5}</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{\x,</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;}</span></span></span> yields a, b, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 2, 2.125,
     2.25, 2.375, 2.5,
     <!--l. 111--><p class="noindent">As can be seen, for fractional steps that are not multiples of 2<sup ><span 
class="cmsy-7">-</span><span 
class="cmmi-7">n</span></sup> for some small <span 
class="cmmi-10">n</span>, rounding errors can
     occur pretty easily. Thus, in the second last case, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">0.5</span></span></span> should probably be replaced by <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">0.501</span></span></span> for
     robustness.
     <!--l. 116--><p class="noindent">There is yet another special case for the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">...</span></span></span> statement: If the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">...</span></span></span> is used right after the first item in the list,
     that is, if there is an <span 
class="cmmi-10">x</span>, but no <span 
class="cmmi-10">y</span>, the difference <span 
class="cmmi-10">d </span>obviously cannot be computed and is set to 1 if the number <span 
class="cmmi-10">z</span>
     following the dots is larger than <span 
class="cmmi-10">x </span>and is set to <span 
class="cmsy-10">-</span>1 if <span 
class="cmmi-10">z </span>is smaller:
     <!--l. 122--><p class="noindent"><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{1,...,6}</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{\x,</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;}</span></span></span> yields 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
     <!--l. 124--><p class="noindent"><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{9,...,3.5}</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{\x,</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;}</span></span></span> yields 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4,
     <!--l. 127--><p class="noindent"><span 
class="cmbx-10">Special handling of pairs. </span>Different list items are separated by commas. However, this causes a problem
     when the list items contain commas themselves as pairs like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">(0,1)</span></span></span> do. In this case, you should put the items
     containing commas in braces as in <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">{(0,1)}</span></span></span>. However, since pairs are such a natural and useful
     case, they get a special treatment by the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span></span></span> statement. When a list item starts with
     a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">(</span></span></span> everything up to the next <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">)</span></span></span> is made part of the item. Thus, we can write things like the
     following:
     <!--l. 137--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-370-" ><colgroup id="TBL-370-1g"><col 
id="TBL-370-1"><col 
id="TBL-370-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-370-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-370-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-460.svg" width="124.82805 " height="58.43857 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-370-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\position</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{(0,0),</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1),</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0),</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,1)}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\position</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(.25,.5);</span></div>                                                                      </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table></div>
     <!--l. 144--><p class="noindent"><span 
class="cmbx-10">Using the foreach-statement inside paths. </span>Ti<span 
class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;allows you to use a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span></span></span> statement inside a path
     construction. In such a case, the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">commands</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>must be path construction commands. Here are two
     examples:
     <!--l. 149--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-371-" ><colgroup id="TBL-371-1g"><col 
id="TBL-371-1"><col 
id="TBL-371-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-371-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-371-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-461.svg" width="115.34386 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-371-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{1,...,3}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\x,1)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\x,0)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;;</span></div>                                                                                                         </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table></div>
                                                                                         
                                                                                         
     <!--l. 157--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
<table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-372-" ><colgroup id="TBL-372-1g"><col 
id="TBL-372-1"><col 
id="TBL-372-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-372-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-372-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-462.svg" width="77.40701 " height="77.40701 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-372-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\p</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{1,...,3}</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{(\p,1)--(\p,3)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,\p)--(3,\p)};</span></div>                                         </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table></div>
     <!--l. 162--><p class="noindent"><span 
class="cmbx-10">Multiple variables. </span>You will often wish to iterate over two variables at the same time. Since you can nest
     <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span></span></span> loops, this is normally straight-forward. However, you sometimes wish variables to iterate
     &#8220;simultaneously.&#8221; For example, we might be given a list of edges that connect two coordinates and might wish
     to iterate over these edges. While doing so, we would like the source and target of the edges to be set to two
     different variables.
     <!--l. 171--><p class="noindent">To achieve this, you can use the following syntax: The <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">variables</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>may not only be a single <span class="TEX">T<span 
class="E">E</span>X</span>-variable.
     Instead, it can also be a list of variables separated by slashes (<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">/</span></span></span>). In this case the list items can also be lists of
     values separated by slashes.
     <!--l. 177--><p class="noindent">Assuming that the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">variables</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>and the list items are lists of values, each time the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">commands</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>are executed,
     each of the variables in <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">variables</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is set to one part of the list making up the current list item. Here is an
     example to clarify this:
     <!--l. 182--><p class="noindent"><span 
class="cmti-10">Example: </span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;\y</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{1/2,a/b}</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;{``\x\</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;and</span><span 
class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;\y''}</span></span></span> yields &#8220;1&nbsp;and 2&#8221;&#8220;a&nbsp;and b&#8221;.
     <!--l. 185--><p class="noindent">If some entry in the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">list</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>does not have &#8220;enough&#8221; slashes, the last entry will be repeated. Here is an
     example:
     <!--l. 187--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-373-" ><colgroup id="TBL-373-1g"><col 
id="TBL-373-1"><col 
id="TBL-373-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-373-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-373-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-463.svg" width="130.36508 " height="18.48044 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-373-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\x/\xtext</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{0,...,3,2.72</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;e}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\x,0)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node{$\xtext$};</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div>                                                                                             </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table></div>
     <!--l. 194--><p class="noindent">Here are more useful examples:
     <!--l. 195--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-374-" ><colgroup id="TBL-374-1g"><col 
id="TBL-374-1"><col 
id="TBL-374-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-374-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-374-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-464.svg" width="134.31227 " height="90.73097 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-374-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;Define</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;some</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;coordinates:</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\tikzstyle{every</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node}=[draw,fill]</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\path[shape=circle,fill=examplefill]</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node(a)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{a}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0.55)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node(b)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{b}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1.5)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node(c)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{c}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1.75)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node(d)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{d};</span>
<br>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;Draw</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;some</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;connections:</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\source/\target</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{a/b,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;b/c,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;c/a,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;c/d}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\source)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;..</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;controls</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(.75cm,0pt)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;and</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(-.75cm,0pt)..(\target);</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div>                                                                                             </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table></div>
                                                                                         
                                                                                         
     <!--l. 211--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
<table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-375-" ><colgroup id="TBL-375-1g"><col 
id="TBL-375-1"><col 
id="TBL-375-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-375-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-375-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-465.svg" width="88.78802 " height="153.2807 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-375-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;Let's</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;draw</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;circles</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;at</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;interesting</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;points:</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\y</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\diameter</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{0</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;0</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;2mm,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;1</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;1</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;3mm,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;2</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;0</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;1mm}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\x,\y)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;circle</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\diameter);</span>
<br>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;Same</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;effect</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\center/\diameter</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{{(0,0)/2mm},</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{(1,1)/3mm},</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{(2,0)/1mm}}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[yshift=2.5cm]</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\center</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;circle</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\diameter);</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div>                                                                                             </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table></div>
     <!--l. 223--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-376-" ><colgroup id="TBL-376-1g"><col 
id="TBL-376-1"><col 
id="TBL-376-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-376-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-376-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-466.svg" width="156.7474 " height="156.7474 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-376-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[cap=round,line</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;width=3pt]</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\filldraw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[fill=examplefill]</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;circle</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2cm);</span>
<br>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\angle</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\label</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{0/3,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;30/2,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;60/1,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;90/12,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;120/11,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;150/10,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;180/9,</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;210/8,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;240/7,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;270/6,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;300/5,</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;330/4}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[line</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;width=1pt]</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\angle:1.8cm)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\angle:2cm);</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\angle:1.4cm)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node{\textsf{\label}};</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;}</span>
<br>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\angle</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{0,90,180,270}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[line</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;width=2pt]</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\angle:1.6cm)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\angle:2cm);</span>
<br>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(120:0.8cm);</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;hour</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(90:1cm);</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;minute</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span><span 
class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span></div>                                                                                              </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table></div>
     <!--l. 243--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
<table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-377-" ><colgroup id="TBL-377-1g"><col 
id="TBL-377-1"><col 
id="TBL-377-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-377-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-377-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-467.svg" width="145.15953 " height="145.15953 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-377-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\tikz[shading=ball]</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\cola</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{0/red,1/green,2/blue,3/yellow}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\y</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;/</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\colb</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{0/red,1/green,2/blue,3/yellow}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\shade[ball</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;color=\cola!50!\colb]</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\x,\y)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;circle</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0.4cm);</span></div>                                               </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table></div>
     </dd></dl>
<!--l. 252--><p class="indent">
                                                                                         
                                                                                         
     <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
<span 
class="colorbox" id="colorbox149"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\breakforeach</span></span> </dt><dd 
class="description">
<a 
 id="dx16-179002"></a>
     <!--l. 253--><p class="noindent">If this command is given inside a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span></span></span> command, no further executions of the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">commands</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>will
     occur. However, the current execution of the <span 
class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span 
class="cmti-10">commands</span><span 
class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is continued normally, so it is probably best
     to use this command only at the end of a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span 
class="cmtt-10">\foreach</span></span></span> command.
     <!--l. 259--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular" 
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"  
frame="void" id="TBL-378-" ><colgroup id="TBL-378-1g"><col 
id="TBL-378-1"><col 
id="TBL-378-2"></colgroup><tr  
 valign="baseline" id="TBL-378-1-"><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-378-1-1"  
class="td11">  &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-468.svg" width="122.8105 " height="130.81047 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp;  </td><td  align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-378-1-2"  
class="td11">  <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\x</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{1,...,4}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\foreach</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\y</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;in</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{1,...,4}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\fill[red!50]</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(\x,\y)</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;ellipse</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3pt</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;and</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;6pt);</span>
<br>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\ifnum</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\x&lt;\y</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\breakforeach</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\fi</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span 
class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;}</span>
<br><span 
class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div>                                                                                             </td></tr></table> </td>
</tr></table></div>
     </dd></dl>
                                                                                         
                                                                                         
                                                                                         
                                                                                         
                                                                                         
                                                                                         
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