path: root/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/mfpic/refcard.tex

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% Author of GNU Emacs Refcard:
%  Stephen Gildea
%  UUCP: mit-erl!gildea
%  Internet: gildea@erl.mit.edu
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% Person who ripped off the formatter for gnuplot:
%  Alex Woo
%  NASA Ames Research Center
%  Internet: woo@ames.arc.nasa.gov
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% Modified on 9 Dec 1992 by:
%  Daniel S. Lewart
%  University of Illinois
%  Internet: d-lewart@uiuc.edu
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%  Daniel H. Luecking
%  University of Arkansas
%  luecking@uark.edu

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\title{MFPIC Quick Reference}

\centerline{(Copyright 2000--2003 by Daniel Luecking)}
\medskip
This information was prepared for version 0.7 of \prog{mfpic}.

\section{Preamble commands}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.4}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.6}

\describe{Load \prog{mfpic} package:}
        {\mac{input} \file{mfpic}, or \mac{usepackage}[?\var{options}][mfpic]}
\describe{Options}{\opt{metafont} \alt \opt{metapost}, \opt{mplabels},
         overlaylabels \opt{centeredcaptions}, \opt{clip},
         \opt{truebbox}, \opt{draft}, \opt{final}, \opt{nowrite}}
\describe{Activate options (\plainTeX)}
         {\mac{usemetafont} \alt \mac{usemetapost}, \mac{usemplabels},
         \mac{overlaylabels} \mac{usecenteredcaptions}, \mac{clipmfpic},
         \mac{usetruebbox}, \mac{mfpicdraft}, \mac{mfpicfinal},
         \mac{mfpicnowrite}}
\describe{Turn off some options}
        {\mac{nomplabels}, \mac{nooverlaylabels}
        \mac{nocenteredcaptions}, \mac{noclipmfpic}, \mac{notruebbox}}
\describe{Set up/close the output file}
        {\mac{opengraphsfile}[\var{base name}]$\ldots$\mac{closegraphsfile}}

\section{The {\tensf mfpic} environment}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.30}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.70}

\describe{Start an \prog{mfpic} figure}
    {\mac{mfpic}[?\var{xscale}][?\var{yscale}]%
    \{\var{$x_{\min}$}\}\allowbreak\{\var{$x_{ max}$}\}\allowbreak
    \{\var{$y_{min}$}\}\allowbreak\{\var{$y_{max}$}\}\brk
    \ \ \ \ \var{MFpic commands}\brk
    \mac{endmfpic}}
\describe{\quad\LaTeX{} (optional)}
        {\mac{begin}[mfpic]${}\equiv{}$\mac{mfpic},
          \mac{end}[mfpic]${}\equiv{}$\mac{endmfpic}}

\smallskip
The default \var{xscale} is $1$ (\mac{mfpicunit}), default \var{yscale}
is \var{xscale}.

\section{Dimensions (lengths)}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.58}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.42}

\describe{\sl Purpose; where used:} {\sl Name and default value:}
\vskip1pt
\describe{Unit of length; \mac{mfpic}} {\mac{mfpicunit}, \tt 1pt}
\describe{Size of a symbol; \mac{point}, \mac{plot}, and \mac{plotsymbol}}
        {\mac{pointsize}, \tt 2pt}
\describe{Darkness of shading; \mac{shade}} {\mac{shadespace}, \tt 1pt }
\describe{Space between dots; \mac{polkadot}}
    {\mac{polkadotspace}, \tt 10pt}
\describe{Space between hatch lines; hatching macros}
    {\mac{hatchspace}, \tt 3pt}
\describe{Size of arrowhead; \mac{arrow}} {\mac{headlen}, \tt 3pt}
\describe{Size of x-, y-axis arrowhead; xy-axes macros}
    {\mac{axisheadlen}, \tt 5pt}
\describe{Size of border axis arrowhead; side axis macros}
    {\mac{sideheadlen}, \tt 0pt}
\describe{Size of marks on axes; axis marks} {\mac{hashlen}, \tt 4pt}
\describe{Size of dashes; \mac{dashed}} {\mac{dashlen}, \tt 4pt}
\describe{Space between dashes; \mac{dashed}} {\mac{dashspace}, \tt 4pt}
\describe{Size of dots; \mac{dotted}} {\mac{dotsize}, \tt 0.5pt}
\describe{Space between dots; \mac{dotted}} {\mac{dotspace}, 3pt}
\describe{Space between symbols; \mac{plot}} {\mac{symbolspace}, \tt 5pt}

\medskip
The following commands are used to change the size of some dimension
parameters:

\smallskip
\describe{{\sl Purpose} ({\sl default\/}):} {\sl Command:}
\vskip1pt
\describe{Set diameter of drawing pen ({\tt 0.5pt})}
        {\mac{penwd}[\var{dimen}]}
\describe{Set diameter of shading dots ({\tt 0.5pt})}
        {\mac{shadewd}[\var{dimen}]}
\describe{Set diameter of polkadot ({\tt 5pt})}
        {\mac{polkadotwd}[\var{dimen}]}
\describe{Set diameter of hatching pen ({\tt 0.5pt})}
        {\mac{hatchwd}[\var{dimen}]}
\describe{Multiply \mac{shadespace} by 1.2} {\mac{lightershade}}
\describe{Divide \mac{shadespace} by 1.2} {\mac{darkershade}}


\section{Colors}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.45}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.55}

\smallskip
\describe{Set color for curves} {\mac{drawcolor}[\var{color}]}
\describe{Set color for fills} {\mac{fillcolor}[\var{color}]}
\describe{Set color for points, symbols} {\mac{pointcolor}[\var{color}]}
\describe{Set color for hatching} {\mac{hatchcolor}[\var{color}]}
\describe{Set color for arrowheads} {\mac{headcolor}[\var{color}]}
\describe{Set color for tlabels} {\mac{tlabelcolor}[\var{color}]}
\describe{Set color used by \mac{gclear}} {\mac{backgroundcolor}[\var{color}]}
\describe{\quad \LaTeX{} syntax}
        {\mac{drawcolor}[?\var{model}][\var{clrspec}], etc.}
\describe{Define a color name} {\mac{mfpdefinecolor}[\var{name}][\var{model}][\var{clrspec}]}


\section{Common geometric figures}

Drawing commands that operate on a variable length list in braces may
be followed by \mac{datafile}[\var{filename}] instead of the list.

\subsection{Points}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.42}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.58}

\describe{Place a symbol at given point(s)}
        {\mac{plotsymbol}[?\var{size}][\var{name}]%
         [($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$]}
\describe{\quad Available symbol names} {{\tt Triangle}, {\tt Square}, {\tt Circle}, {\tt
        Diamond}, {\tt Star}, {\tt SolidTriangle}, {\tt SolidSquare}, {\tt SolidCircle},
        {\tt SolidDiamond}, \tt{SolidStar}, {\tt Plus}, {\tt Cross},
        {\tt Asterisk}}
\describe{Points (filled or unfilled circles)}
        {\mac{point}[?\var{size}][($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$]}
\describe{Force filled/open circles in \mac{point}:}
        {\mac{pointfilltrue}/\mac{pointfillfalse}}

\subsection{Lines}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.45}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.55}

\describe{Connect points with lines}
        {\mac{polyline}[($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$],
         or (\mac{lines})}
\describe{Closed polygon}
        {\mac{polygon}[($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$]}
\describe{Concatenate vectors}
        {\mac{turtle}[\var{initialpoint},\var{$v_1$},\var{$v_2$},$\ldots$]}
\describe{Rectangle (upright) with given corners}
        {\mac{rect}[($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$)]}

\subsection{Circles, arcs and ellipses}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.55}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.45}

\describe{Circles} {}
\describe{\qquad polar form (default):}
        {\mac{circle}[?p][\var{center},\var{radius}]}
\describe{\qquad three-point form:}
        {\mac{circle}[?t][($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),($x_2,y_2$)]}
\describe{\qquad center-point form:}
        {\mac{circle}[?c][\var{center},\var{point}]}
\describe{\qquad point-sweep form:}
        {\mac{circle}[?s][($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),\var{angle}]}
\describe{Arcs} {}
\describe{\qquad polar form:}
        {\mac{arc}[?p][\var{center},\var{$\theta_1$},\var{$\theta_2$},%
        \var{radius}]}
\describe{\qquad three-point form:}
        {\mac{arc}[?t][($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),($x_2,y_2$)]}
\describe{\qquad center-point-angle form:}
        {\mac{arc}[?c][\var{center},\var{point},\var{angle}]}
\describe{\qquad point-sweep form (default):}
        {\mac{arc}[?s][($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),\var{angle}]}
\describe{Ellipse, center $(x_0,y_0)$, radii \var{$r_x$}, \var{$r_y$}, angle
\var{$\theta$}}
        {\mac{ellipse}[?\var{$\theta$}]%
        \tt\{($x_0,y_0$),\var{$r_x$},\var{$r_y$}\}}

\section{General curves}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.45}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.55}

A \var{spec} can be {\tt p} (for polyline) or {\tt s} (for smooth)
followed by a number for the tension.

\smallskip
\describe{Smooth curve through points}
        {\mac{curve}[?\var{tension}][($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$]}
\describe{Graph of $y=f(x)$}
        {\mac{function}[?\var{spec}][$x_{\min}$,$x_{\max}$,%
         $\Delta x$][$f(\hbox{\tt x})$]}
\describe{Graph of parametric curve $(x(t),y(t))$}
        {\mac{parafcn}[?\var{spec}][$t_{\min}$,$t_{\max}$,$\Delta t$]%
         [($x(\hbox{\tt t})$, $y(\hbox{\tt t})$)]}
\describe{Graph of $r = f(\theta)$}
        {\mac{plrfcn}[?\var{spec}]%
        [$\theta_{\min}$,$\theta_{\max}$,$\Delta\theta$][$f(\hbox{\tt t})$]}
\describe{Interpolate with a smooth {\it function}}
        {\mac{fcncurve}[?\var{tension}][($x_0,y_0$),($x_1,y_1$),$\ldots$]}
\describe{Curve from data in a file*}
        {\mac{datafile}[?\var{spec}][\var{file}]}
\describe{\quad Set how \mac{datafile} processes a line}
        {\mac{using}[\var{read\_pattern}][\var{write\_pattern}]\brk
        Default is \mac{using}[\#1 \#2 \#3][(\#1,\#2)]}


\section{Regions}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.45}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.55}

Curves are not necessarily `closed' even if the start and end are the
same. The following are closed (may be filled), as are \mac{rect},
\mac{polygon}, \mac{circle}, and \mac{ellipse}.

\smallskip
\describe{Closed curve through given points}
        {\mac{cyclic}[?\var{tension}][$(x_1,y_1),(x_2,y_2),\ldots$]}
\describe{Circular sector (pie slice)}
        {\mac{sector}[\var{center},\var{radius},\var{$\theta_1$},%
         \var{$\theta_2$}]}
\describe{Region between two functions} {\mac{btwnfcn}[?\var{spec}][$x_{\min}$,%
         $x_{\max}$,$\Delta x$][$f(\hbox{\tt x})$][$g(\hbox{\tt x})$]}
\describe{Region in polar coordinates}
        {\mac{plrregion}[?\var{spec}][$\theta_{\min}$,$\theta_{\max}$,%
        $\Delta \theta$][$f(\hbox{\tt t})$]}
\describe{Curves surrounding text}
        {\mac{tlabelrect}[?\var{radius}]{\tt(\var{x},\var{y})\{\var{text}\}}\brk
         \mac{tlabeloval}[?\var{mult}]{\tt(\var{x},\var{y})\{\var{text}\}}\brk
         \mac{tlabelellipse}[?\var{ratio}]{\tt(\var{x},\var{y})\{\var{text}\}}\brk
         \var{radius}: round corners. \var{mult}: stretch horizontally.
         \var{ratio}: width/height of ellipse}


\section{Prefix macros}

\subsection{Drawing curves}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.4}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.6}

\describe{Dashed path}{\mac{dashed}[?\var{length},\var{gap}]$\ldots$}
\describe{Dotted path}{\mac{dotted}[?\var{size},\var{gap}]$\ldots$}
\describe{Trace a path with symbols}
        {\mac{plot}[?\var{size},\var{gap}][\var{symbol}]$\ldots$}
\describe{Generalized dashes}{\mac{gendashed}[\var{patname}]$\ldots$}
\describe{\quad Define a named dash pattern}
        {\mac{dashpattern}[\var{patname}][\var{len$_1$},\var{len$_2$},$\ldots$,%
            \var{len$_{2n}$}]}
\describe{Place a symbol at all nodes}
        {\mac{plotnodes}[?\var{size}][\var{symbol}]$\ldots$}
\describe{Solid curve*}{\mac{draw}[?\var{color}]$\ldots$}


\subsection{Closing a curve}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.45}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.55}

These turn any path into a `closed' path (result may be filled).

\smallskip
\describe{Close with a straight line,}{\mac{lclosed}$\ldots$}
\describe{Close with a smooth join, like \mac{cycle},}{\mac{sclosed}$\ldots$}
\describe{Close letting \MF{} choose}{\mac{bclosed}$\ldots$}

\subsection{Filling closed curves}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.4}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.6}

These filling prefixes turn off drawing of the curve.

\smallskip
\describe{Solid fill} {\mac{gfill}[?\var{color}]$\ldots$}
\describe{Unfill} {\mac{gclear}$\ldots$}
\describe{Hatched fills}
        {\mac{thatch}[?\var{space},\var{angle}][?\var{color}]$\ldots$}
\describe{\qquad \var{angle}${}=45\,$deg}
        {\mac{rhatch}[?\var{space}][?\var{color}]$\ldots$}
\describe{\qquad \var{angle}${}=-45\,$deg}
        {\mac{lhatch}[?\var{space}][?\var{color}]$\ldots$}
\describe{\qquad crosshatching}
        {\mac{xhatch}[?\var{space}][?\var{color}]$\ldots$}
\describe{}  {\mac{hatch} $=$ \mac{xhatch}}
\describe{Shading}
        {\mac{shade}[?\var{space}]$\ldots$}
\describe{Polkadot fill}{\mac{polkadot}[?\var{space}]$\ldots$}
\describe{Fill with copies of a tile} {\mac{tess}[\var{tile}]$\ldots$}
\describe{\quad Define a tile*}
        {\mac{tile}[\var{name},\var{unit},\var{width},\var{height},\var{clip}]
        \var{drawing commands} \mac{endtile}}

\smallskip
* Creates a mini-mfpic, clipped if \var{clip}${}={}${\tt true}.

\subsection{Storing and reusing a path}

\describe{Store a path} {\mac{store}[\var{name}]$\ldots$}
\describe{\quad reusing a stored path} {\mac{mfobj}[\var{name}]}

\subsection{Subpaths}

\describe{Subpath by fraction of length}
        {\mac{partpath}[\var{frac1},\var{frac2}]$\ldots$}
\describe{Subpath by node number} {\mac{subpath}[\var{m},\var{n}]$\ldots$}
\describe{Cutting by another path}
        {\mac{cutoffafter}[\var{obj}]$\ldots$,
        \mac{cutoffbefore}[\var{obj}]$\ldots$.\brk
        \var{obj} is a name created with \mac{store}}
\describe{Trim the ends of a path}
        {\mac{trimpath}[\var{dim1},\var{dim2}]$\ldots$}


\subsection{Modifying a curve}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.4}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.6}

\describe{Add arrowhead to the end}
        {\mac{arrow}[?l\var{length}][?r\var{angle}]%
         [?b\var{backset}][?c\var{color}]$\ldots$}
\describe{\quad Define arrowhead shape}
        {\mac{headshape}[\var{ratio}][\var{tension}][\var{filled}]}
\describe{Reverse a curve} {\mac{reverse}$\ldots$}
\describe{Double arrow} {\mac{arrow}\mac{reverse}\mac{arrow}$\ldots$}
\describe{Rotate around a point} {\mac{rotatepath}[($x_0$,$y_0$),\var{angle}]$\ldots$}
\describe{Reflect about a line} {\mac{reflectpath}[($x_0$,$y_0$),($x_1$,$y_1$)]$\ldots$}
\describe{Shift} {\mac{shiftpath}[($dx$,$dy$)]$\ldots$}
\describe{Scale around a point} {\mac{scalepath}[($x_0$,$y_0$),\var{scale}]$\ldots$}
\describe{xscale about line $x=x_0$} {\mac{xscalepath}[$x_0$,\var{scale}]$\ldots$}
\describe{yscale about line $y=y_0$} {\mac{yscalepath}[$y_0$,\var{scale}]$\ldots$}
\describe{slant, pivoting on line $y=y_0$} {\mac{slantpath}[$y_0$,\var{slant}]$\ldots$}
\describe{yslant, pivoting on line $x=x_0$} {\mac{yslantpath}[$x_0$,\var{slant}]$\ldots$}
\describe{Swap x and y} {\mac{xyswappath}$\ldots$}


\section{Axes}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.30}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.70}

\describe{Draw x- and/or y-axes} {\mac{axes}[?\var{headlen}],
        \mac{xaxis}[?\var{headlen}], \mac{yaxis}[?\var{headlen}]}
\describe{Draw various axes}
        {\mac{axis}[?\var{headlen}][\var{axis}], \ \var{axis} is one of
        {\tt x}, {\tt y}, {\tt l}, {\tt b}, {\tt r}, or {\tt t}.}
\describe{Draw many axes} {\mac{doaxes}[?\var{headlen}][\var{list}], \
        \var{list} of letters, no commas.}
\describe{Shift border axis inward}
        {\mac{axismargin}[\var{axis}][\var{amt}], \ \var{amt} is
        in graph units.}
\describe{Add hashmarks to axes}{%
        \mac{axismarks}[\var{axis}][?\var{len}][$c_1$,$c_2$,$\ldots$], \
        $c_j$ are positions.\brk Abbrev. by
        \mac{xmarks} for \mac{axismarks}[x], etc.}
\describe{Change position of hash marks}
        {\mac{setaxismarks}[\var{axis}][\var{pos}] \ \var{pos} is one of
            {\tt inside}, {\tt outside}, {\tt centered}, {\tt ontop},
            {\tt onbottom}, {\tt onleft}, or {\tt onright}.}

\section{Miscellaneous}

\def\firstkeyfrac{.30}
\def\secondkeyfrac{.70}

\describe{Text labels}
        {\mac{tlabel}[?\var{pos}\var{$\theta$}]%
                {\tt($x$,$y$)\{\var{\TeX{} text}\}}\brk
         \mac{tlabels}[\var{args$_1$}\var{args$_2$}$\ldots$]\brk
         \mac{axislabels}[\var{axis}][?\var{pos}\var{$\theta$}]%
                [\{\var{txt$_1$}\}\var{$n_1$},%
                \{\var{txt$_2$}\}\var{$n_2$},$\ldots$]\brk
            \var{pos} is a two-letter sequence, \var{$\theta$}* the
            angle of rotation in degrees;
            \var{args$_j$} is an entire set of arguments as in
            \mac{tlabel};
            \var{axis} is a letter, \var{txt$_j$} is label, \var{$n_j$}
            is coordinate on axis}
\describe{Clipping to a path} {\mac{gclip}$\ldots$}
\describe{Polar conversion}
        {\mac{plr}[($r_0$,$\theta_0$),($r_1$,$\theta_1$),$\ldots$]}
\describe{Connect paths} {\mac{connect} \var{path1} \var{path2} $\ldots$
        \mac{endconnect}}
\describe{Draw many curves from one datafile}
        {\mac{plotdata}[?\var{spec}][\var{file}], \ \var{spec} is {\tt
        p} or {\tt s\var{num}} where \var{num} is the (optional) tension
        in the smooth curve}
\describe{Set how \mac{plotdata} draws curves$\dag$}{\mac{dashedlines}
        \ (different dash patterns)\brk
        \mac{coloredlines} \ (different colors, \MP{} only)\brk
        \mac{pointedlines} \ (different symbols, like \mac{plot})\brk
        \mac{datapointsonly} \ (different symbols, like \mac{plotnodes})}

\smallskip
* The angle is optional, and ignored unless option \opt{mplabels} is
in effect.\brk
$\dag$ \mac{plotdata} also respects the \mac{using} setting (see
\mac{datafile} in section {\bf General curves}).

\bye

% Other commands:
\mac{setrender}[\<\TeX{} commands\>]

\mac{coords}$\ldots$\mac{endcoords}
\mac{applyT}[\<transformer\>]
\mac{rotate}[$\theta$]
\mac{rotatearound}[$p$][$\theta$]
\mac{turn}[?$p$][$\theta$]
\mac{mirror}[$p_1$][$p_2$]
\mac{reflectabout}[$p_1$][$p_2$]
\mac{shift}[$p$]
\mac{scale}[$s$]
\mac{xscale}[$s$]
\mac{yscale}[$s$]
\mac{zscale}[$p$]
\mac{xslant}[$s$]
\mac{yslant}[$s$]
\mac{zslant}[$s$]
\mac{boost}[$\chi$]
\mac{xyswap}

\mac{fdef}[\<fcn\>]%
  (\<param1\>,\<param2\>,$\ldots$)%
  [\<mf-expr\>]

\mac{tcaption}[?\<maxwd\>,\<linewd\>][\<caption text\>]

\mac{savepic}\bsl\<picname\>
\mac{newsavepic}
\mac{usepic}

\mac{dashlineset}, \mac{dotlineset}

\mac{mfsrc}[\<metafont code\>]
\mac{noship}

\mac{store}[\<path variable\>][\<path\>]
\mac{mfobj}[\<path expression\>]
\mac{patharr}[\<pv\>]$\ldots$\mac{endpatharr}

\mac{mftitle}[\<title\>]
\mac{tmtitle}[\<title\>]

\mac{newfdim}[\<fdim\>]

\mac{setmfpicgraphic}
\mac{getmfpicoffset}
\mac{setfilename}

\bye