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<title>babel-greek</title>
<meta name="copyright" content="© 1997 Apostolos Syropoulos, Claudio Beccari, Johannes Brahms, © 2013 Günter Milde" />
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<div class="document" id="babel-greek">
<h1 class="title">babel-greek</h1>
<h2 class="subtitle" id="babel-support-for-greek">Babel support for Greek</h2>

<dl class="docinfo simple">
<dt class="copyright">Copyright</dt>
<dd class="copyright">© 1997 Apostolos Syropoulos, Claudio Beccari, Johannes Brahms,
© 2013 Günter Milde</dd>
<dt>Licence</dt>
<dd><p>This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
conditions of the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt">LaTeX Project Public License</a>, either
version&nbsp;1.3 of this license or any later version.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="abstract topic">
<p class="topic-title first">Abstract</p>
<p>Babel-greek is a contributed package providing support for the
Greek language and script via the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel">Babel</a> system.</p>
</div>
<p>In 1997, Apostolos Syropoulos added support for the Greek language to the
“babel” package.  The file <tt class="literal">greek.ldf</tt> provides options for monotonic
(single-diacritic) and polytonic (multiple-diacritic) modes of writing.</p>
<p>There is now experimental support for Unicode-aware TeX engines
(XeTeX/LuaTeX).</p>
<div class="section" id="news">
<h1>News</h1>
<table class="borderless">
<colgroup>
<col width="7%" />
<col width="14%" />
<col width="80%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>1.4</p></td>
<td><p>2013-05-17</p></td>
<td><p>New maintainer.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><!--  -->
</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td><p>The encoding definition file <tt class="literal">lgrenc.def</tt> moved to the
<a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/greek-fontenc">greek-fontenc</a> package.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>1.5</p></td>
<td><p>2013-06-21</p></td>
<td><p>bugfixes and cleanup,</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><!--  -->
</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td><p>LICR macros in string definitions,</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><!--  -->
</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td><p>LGR font encoding not used with XeTeX/LuaTeX,</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><!--  -->
</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td><p>input “xgreek-fixes.def” from <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/polyglossia">polyglossia</a> with Xe/LuaTeX.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>1.5a</p></td>
<td><p>2013-07-02</p></td>
<td><p>Fix LaTeX bugs babel/3707, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.latex-project.org/cgi-bin/ltxbugs2html?pr=babel/4303">babel/4303</a> and <a class="reference external" href="http://www.latex-project.org/cgi-bin/ltxbugs2html?pr=babel/4305">babel/4305</a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>1.6</p></td>
<td><p>2013-07-19</p></td>
<td><p>Experimental support for XeTeX/LuaTeX.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>1.7</p></td>
<td><p>2013-09-09</p></td>
<td><p>CB-Fonts font definition files moved to CB-Fonts package.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><!--  -->
</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td><p>Do not auto-load euenc.def with XeTeX/LuaTeX.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><p>1.7a</p></td>
<td><p>2013-09-13</p></td>
<td><p>Fix <a class="reference external" href="http://www.latex-project.org/cgi-bin/ltxbugs2html?pr=babel/4360">babel/4360</a>: spurious <tt class="literal">\fi</tt></p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="section" id="requirements">
<h1>Requirements</h1>
<p>The “babel-greek” package requires the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel">babel</a> base package and parts of the
<a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/greek-fontenc">greek-fontenc</a> package. The <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/greek-inputenc">greek-inputenc</a> package is recommended when
using 8-bit TeX engines.</p>
<p>The language definition file makes use of the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=etex">e-TeX</a> extensions (present
in all current TeX distributions).</p>
<p>Use with XeTeX/LuaTeX requires also <tt class="literal"><span class="pre">xgreek-fixes.def</span></tt> from <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/polyglossia">polyglossia</a>
for correct up/downcasing.</p>
<p>Typesetting Greek texts requires <a class="reference internal" href="#greek-text-fonts">Greek text fonts</a>.</p>
<p>Plain TeX is currently not supported. Patches are welcome.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="installation">
<h1>Installation</h1>
<p>If possible, get this package from your distribution using its installation
manager.</p>
<p>Otherwise, make sure LaTeX can find the required files:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Download and unpack <cite>babel-greek.zip</cite>.</p></li>
<li><p>Run <tt class="literal">tex</tt> or <tt class="literal">latex</tt> on the batch file <tt class="literal">greek.ins</tt>.</p></li>
<li><p>Move all files ending in <tt class="literal">.ldf</tt> or <tt class="literal">.sty</tt> into a directory searched by
TeX.</p></li>
<li><p>To produce the documentation run the files <tt class="literal">usage.tex</tt> and all files
ending in <tt class="literal">.dtx</tt> through LaTeX.</p></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="usage">
<h1>Usage</h1>
<p>Pass the “greek” option to babel:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\usepackage[greek]{babel}
</pre>
<p>For polytonic greek, set the language attribute  “polutoniko”:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\languageattribute{greek}{polutoniko}
</pre>
<p>When compiling with XeTeX or LuaTeX, it is recommended to load Greek LICR
macro definitions via the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/greek-fontenc">greek-fontenc</a> package (<tt class="literal"><span class="pre">greek-fontenc.sty</span></tt>,
added 2013-09-10 in version 0.9.4):</p>
<pre class="literal-block">\usepackage{greek-fontenc}
\usepackage[greek]{babel}
</pre>
<p>For details see <a class="reference external" href="usage.pdf">usage.pdf</a>, <a class="reference external" href="greek.pdf">greek.pdf</a> and the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel">babel</a> documentation.
Literal input of Greek characters is possible with the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/greek-inputenc">greek-inputenc</a>
package or with XeTeX or LuaTeX.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="greek-text-fonts">
<h1>Greek text fonts</h1>
<p>A list of Greek text fonts for use with LaTeX is available at the CTAN
<a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/topic/font-greek">http://www.ctan.org/topic/font-greek</a></p>
<p>With the XeTeX or LuaTeX engines, the user should ensure that the choosen
font contains the required glyphs (the default Latin Modern fonts miss
them). Examples for suitable fonts are the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/cm-unicode">CM-unicode</a> or the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/libertine">Linux
Libertine</a> OpenType fonts as well as any system-wide installed OTF fonts
that support Greek (e.g. <a class="reference external" href="http://dejavu-fonts.org">Deja Vu</a>).</p>
<p>The LGR font encoding is the de-facto standard for typesetting Greek with
8-bit LaTeX. Fonts in this encoding include the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/cbgreek-complete">CB fonts</a> (matching CM),
<a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/grtimes">grtimes</a> (Greek Times), <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/kerkis">Kerkis</a> (matching URW Bookman), and the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/gfs">GFS font
collection</a>. Setup of these fonts as Greek variant to matching Latin fonts
is facilitated by the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/substitutefont">substitutefont</a> package.</p>
<p>The LGR font encoding generates Greek characters via an ASCII
transliteration. This enables simple input with a Latin keyboard.
Characters with diacritics are selected by ligature definitions in the
font (see <a class="reference external" href="usage.pdf">usage.pdf</a>).</p>
<p>A major drawback of this transliteration is, that you cannot access Latin
letters if LGR is the active font encoding (e.g. in documents or parts of
documents given the <cite>Babel</cite> language <tt class="literal">greek</tt> or <tt class="literal">polutionikogreek</tt>).
This means that for every Latin-written word or acronym an explicite
language-switch is required. This problem can only be solved via a
font-encoding comprising both Latin and Greek like the hypothetic T7 or
Unicode (with XeTeX or LuaTeX).</p>
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