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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/README b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/README index 53d1e2fade3..e69de29bb2d 100644 --- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/README +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/README @@ -1,26 +0,0 @@ -The othelloboard package allows you to create gorgeous Othello/Reversi board diagrams -with minimal effort. Diagrams may be any size and support annotations (including -full game transcripts). Automated board/transcript creation from plain text formats -standard to WZebra and other programs is also supported. - -*************************** -Copyright 2011 Steven Hall - -This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the LaTeX Project -Public License. The latest version of this license is in http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt -and version 1.3 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX version 2005/12/01 or later. - -This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'. - -The Current Maintainer of this work is Steven Hall (stevenhall.uk@gmail.com). - -This work consists of the files: - -- othelloboard.sty -- othelloboard.pdf (documentation) -- othelloboard.tex (source for documentation) - -Many thanks to Brian Rose for permission to typeset material from his book Othello: A -Minute to Learn … A Lifetime to Master in the example file: - -- example-rose-chps1-2.pdf
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/README.TEXLIVE b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/README.TEXLIVE deleted file mode 100644 index 3a84b7c3f0f..00000000000 --- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/README.TEXLIVE +++ /dev/null @@ -1,7 +0,0 @@ -The following files have been removed in the TeX Live installation of -the current package, typically due to duplication, lack of space, or -missing source code. You can find these files on CTAN at - http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/othelloboard -If questions or concerns, email tex-live@tug.org. - - example-rose-chps1-2.pdf diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/example-rose-chps1-2.pdf b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/example-rose-chps1-2.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 00000000000..05db871731c --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/example-rose-chps1-2.pdf diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/example-rose-chps1-2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/example-rose-chps1-2.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b8766c98970 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/othelloboard/example-rose-chps1-2.tex @@ -0,0 +1,814 @@ +\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{book} + +\setcounter{secnumdepth}{0} % Switches off numbering for sections a la original book. + +%%% PAGE DIMENSIONS %%% +\usepackage{titlesec} +\titleformat{\chapter}[display] +{\normalfont\huge\bfseries}{\chaptertitlename\ \thechapter}{20pt}{\Huge} +% removes excessive "before" spacing (the second length argument) in chapter headings (default is 50pt) +\titlespacing*{\chapter}{0pt}{0pt}{40pt} + +\usepackage[inner=2.5cm, outer=3.2cm, bottom=4cm]{geometry} +\usepackage{setspace} +%\usepackage[parfill]{parskip} % Activate to begin paragraphs with an empty line rather than an indent +\addtolength{\belowcaptionskip}{-8pt} % Reduce some of the excessive space after figures + +\usepackage[labelsep=newline, textfont=it, figurename=Diagram, justification=centering]{caption} +\newcommand{\jargon}[1]{\textbf{#1}} +\newcommand{\exercisenum}[1]{\vspace{8pt}\noindent\makebox[2.8cm][l]{\textbf{#1}}} +\newcommand{\puzzlenum}[1]{\vspace{8pt}\noindent\makebox[2.2cm][l]{\textbf{#1}}} +\newcommand{\glossitem}[1]{\vspace{8pt}\noindent\textbf{#1}\hspace{6pt}} +\renewcommand\thefigure{\arabic{chapter}-\arabic{figure}} + +\usepackage{wrapfig} +%\usepackage{qtree} +%\usepackage{multirow} +%\usepackage{color} +%\usepackage{hyperref} +%\hypersetup{linktocpage} +%\definecolor{gray}{RGB}{211,211,211} + +%%% OTHELLO DIAGRAMS %%% +\usepackage{othelloboard} +\let\Oldothellogrid\othellogrid +\renewcommand{\othellogrid}{\dotmarkings\Oldothellogrid} + +% diagram sizes +\newcommand{\scalefactorthreeup}{0.64} +\newcommand{\scalefactortwoup}{0.64} +\newcommand{\scalefactorfourup}{0.48} + +%\usepackage{appendix} + +%%% TITLE %%% +% Title given on title page + +%% DOCUMENT %% + +\begin{document} +%\frontmatter + +%\begin{titlepage} +%\begin{center} +%\vspace*{5cm} +%\Huge{\textbf{Othello}}\\[0.5cm] +%\LARGE{A Minute to Learn \ldots\ a Lifetime to Master}\\[1cm] +%\large{\textsc{Brian Rose}} +%\end{center} +%\end{titlepage} + +%\thispagestyle{empty} +%\null +%\vfill +%\begin{center} +%\noindent Copyright \copyright\ 2005 by Brian Rose\\ + +%\noindent\emph{Othello} and \emph{A Minute to Learn \ldots\ A lifetime to Master} are registered trademarks of Anjar Co., \copyright\ 1973, 2004 Anjar Co. All Rights Reserved. +%\end{center} + +%\chapter{Acknowledgements} +%\tableofcontents + +%\chapter{Introduction} + +%\mainmatter + +%\part{} +\chapter{Rules and notation} +Diagram 1-1 shows the standard notation for Othello. The columns are labeled +`a' through `h' from left to right, and the rows are labeled `1' through `8' from top to +bottom. In this book, squares will be referenced using a small letter followed by a +number, e.g., `a1' for the upper-left corner and `h8' for the lower-right corner. Certain +squares are assigned special letters, which will be capitalized, as shown in Diagram +1-2. This notation was developed by Othello's inventor, Goro Hasegawa, and remains +in use today. The B-squares are in the center of the edge, the C-squares are on +the edge next to the corner, and the A-squares lie between the B-squares and C-squares. +The X-squares are diagonally adjacent to the corners, with the `X' indicating +danger. +\begin{figure}[h] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\annotationsfirstrow{a1}{b1}{c1}{d1}{e1}{f1}{g1}{h1} +\annotationssecondrow{a2}{b2}{c2}{d2}{e2}{f2}{g2}{h2} +\annotationsthirdrow{a3}{b3}{c3}{d3}{e3}{f3}{g3}{h3} +\annotationsfourthrow{a4}{b4}{c4}{d4}{e4}{f4}{g4}{h4} +\annotationsfifthrow{a5}{b5}{c5}{d5}{e5}{f5}{g5}{h5} +\annotationssixthrow{a6}{b6}{c6}{d6}{e6}{f6}{g6}{h6} +\annotationsseventhrow{a7}{b7}{c7}{d7}{e7}{f7}{g7}{h7} +\annotationseighthrow{a8}{b8}{c8}{d8}{e8}{f8}{g8}{h8} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\annotationsfirstrow{}{C}{A}{B}{B}{A}{C}{} +\annotationssecondrow{C}{X}{}{}{}{}{X}{C} +\annotationsthirdrow{A}{}{}{}{}{}{}{A} +\annotationsfourthrow{B}{}{}{}{}{}{}{B} +\annotationsfifthrow{B}{}{}{}{}{}{}{B} +\annotationssixthrow{A}{}{}{}{}{}{}{A} +\annotationsseventhrow{C}{X}{}{}{}{}{X}{C} +\annotationseighthrow{}{C}{A}{B}{B}{A}{C}{} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Square names} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\othelloarrayfourthrow{0}{0}{0}{1}{2}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{1}{0}{0}{0} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +Black and White, written with capital letters, will refer to the players, while +lowercase letters (black and white) will refer to the color of the discs. For example: +``at the end of the game there were more black discs than white discs, so Black won +and White lost''. Black and White are referred to as ``he'', although they could of +course be ``she'', as many women play Othello, including Carol Jacobs, who won the +U.S. Othello Championship twice in a row. + +Compass directions (north, south, east, west) are sometimes used to refer to +areas of the board (top, bottom, right, and left, respectively). + +\section{Rules of the game} + +\begin{enumerate} +\item The game begins with black discs on d5 and e4, and white discs on d4 and e5, as +shown in Diagram 1-3. + +\item Players alternate taking turns, with Black moving first. + +\item A legal move consists of placing a new disc on an empty square, and flipping +one or more of the opponent's discs. + +\item Any of the opponent's pieces which are `sandwiched' between the disc just placed +on the board and a disc of the same color already on the board should be flipped. +Sandwiches can be formed vertically, horizontally, or diagonally. To form a sandwich, +all of the squares between the new disc and the disc of the same color +already on the board must be occupied by the opponent's pieces, with no blank +squares in between. + +\item Pieces may be flipped in several directions on the same move. Any pieces which +are caught in a sandwich must be flipped; the player moving does not have the +right to choose to not flip a disc. + +\item A new disc can not be played unless at least one of the opponent's discs is +flipped. If a player has no legal moves, that is, if no matter where the player +places a new disc he could not flip at least one disc, that player passes his turn, +and his opponent continues to make consecutive moves until a legal move becomes +available to that player. + +\item If a player has at least one legal move available, he must make a move and may +not pass his turn. + +\item The game continues until the board is completely filled or neither player has a +legal move. +\end{enumerate} + +\section{Scoring} + +Scoring is done at the end of game. The usual way to determine the score is to +simply count the number of discs of each color, e.g., if there are 34 black discs and 30 +white discs, then Black wins 34--30. If both players have the same number of discs, +then the game is a draw. + +In tournament play, if one player captures all of his opponents discs, the game is +usually scored as a 64--0 victory for that player, regardless of the number of discs on +the board. Further, in certain tournaments, such as the World Championship, empty +squares are awarded to the winner. For example, if at the end of the game there are 32 +black discs and 29 white discs, with 3 empty squares, the score is recorded as a 35--29 +victory for Black. + +\section{Examples} + +Diagrams 1-4 through 1-9 show a sequence of moves at the start of the game to +demonstrate the rules. In Diagram 1-4, Black makes the first move of the game to +f5, sandwiching the white disc on e5 between this new disc and the black disc on +d5. In the diagram, the numeral 1 on the disc on f5 indicates that this is where the +first move is played. The diamond-shaped black disc on e5 indicates that this disc +was white before the move, and was flipped as the result of Black's move. Below +the diagram, the phrase `White to move' indicates that White will make the next +move in the game. In Diagram 1-5, White plays to f6, sandwiching the disc on e5 +diagonally using the existing white disc on d4. In Diagram 1-7, White plays to f4, +flipping discs in two directions. The black disc on f5 is sandwiched between the +new disc on f4 and the white disc on f6, while the black disc on e4 is sandwiched +between f4 and d4. In Diagram 1-9, White plays to c5, sandwiching the black discs +on d5 and e5 using the existing white disc on f5. +\begin{figure}[h] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfourthrow{0}{0}{0}{1}{2}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{4}{2}{0}{0} +\annotationsfifthrow{}{}{}{}{}{1}{}{} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\othelloarrayfourthrow{0}{0}{0}{1}{2}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{3}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysixthrow{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{1}{0}{0} +\annotationssixthrow{}{}{}{}{}{2}{}{} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\othelloarrayfourthrow{0}{0}{0}{1}{2}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{4}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysixthrow{0}{0}{0}{0}{2}{1}{0}{0} +\annotationssixthrow{}{}{}{}{3}{}{}{} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +\begin{figure}[h] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfourthrow{0}{0}{0}{1}{3}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{3}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysixthrow{0}{0}{0}{0}{2}{1}{0}{0} +\annotationsfourthrow{}{}{}{}{}{4}{}{} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\othelloarraythirdrow{0}{0}{0}{0}{2}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfourthrow{0}{0}{0}{1}{4}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysixthrow{0}{0}{0}{0}{2}{1}{0}{0} +\annotationsthirdrow{}{}{}{}{5}{}{}{} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\othelloarraythirdrow{0}{0}{0}{0}{2}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfourthrow{0}{0}{0}{1}{2}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{0}{0}{1}{3}{3}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysixthrow{0}{0}{0}{0}{2}{1}{0}{0} +\annotationsfifthrow{}{}{6}{}{}{}{}{} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +Suppose that in the position shown in Diagram 1-10, Black moves to f8. Diagram +1-11 shows the correct position after this move. The white disc on e6 is completely +surrounded by black discs, but Black does not get to flip this disc, as it was not +sandwiched by the move to f8. Diagram 1-12 shows a position in which White does +not have a legal move. White passes, and Black moves again. + +\begin{figure}[h!] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarraythirdrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfourthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysixthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{1}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayseventhrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{2}{0}{0}{0} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +%\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{4}{0}{0} +\othelloarraythirdrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{4}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfourthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{4}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{4}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysixthrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{1}{4}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayseventhrow{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{4}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{0}{0} +\annotationseighthrow{}{}{}{}{}{1}{}{} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow{0}{0}{1}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{1}{2}{2}{1}{2}{1} +\othelloarraythirdrow{0}{0}{1}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2} +\othelloarrayfourthrow{0}{0}{0}{1}{2}{2}{2}{2} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{0}{0}{1}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2} +\othelloarraysixthrow{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2} +\othelloarrayseventhrow{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2} +\othelloarrayeighthrow{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White passes} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +\section{Playing through a transcript} + +Diagram 1-13 shows an example of a transcript of a complete game. The numbers +indicate the order in which the moves were made, but not which pieces were +flipped. To replay the game, place a black disc on the square marked 1 (f5 in this +case), and flip pieces according to the normal rules of the game (e5 should be flipped +to black in this case). Continue by playing a move for White on the square marked 2, +a move for Black on the square marked 3, etc. Diagram 1-14 shows the position +created after move 30, while Diagram 1-15 shows the final position. Partial transcripts +are sometimes used to indicate a sequence of moves (see Diagram 2-9 for an +example). + +\begin{figure}[h!] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow {2}{1}{1}{2}{2}{1}{2}{1} +\othelloarraysecondrow {1}{1}{2}{1}{1}{1}{2}{1} +\othelloarraythirdrow {2}{1}{2}{1}{2}{2}{1}{2} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {2}{1}{2}{1}{2}{1}{2}{1} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {2}{1}{1}{2}{1}{2}{1}{2} +\othelloarraysixthrow {1}{2}{2}{1}{2}{1}{2}{2} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {2}{1}{2}{2}{1}{1}{2}{1} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {1}{2}{2}{1}{1}{2}{2}{1} +\annotationsfirstrow {49} {44} {38} {39} {33} {40} {59} {60} +\annotationssecondrow {46} {48} {31} {42} {10} {12} {47} {52} +\annotationsthirdrow {29} {20} {27} {22} {5} {11} {36} {51} +\annotationsfourthrow {45} {34} {7} {} {} {4} {13} {32} +\annotationsfifthrow {43} {18} {6} {} {} {1} {14} {15} +\annotationssixthrow {30} {21} {9} {16} {3} {2} {23} {35} +\annotationsseventhrow{55} {56} {53} {17} {8} {28} {37} {54} +\annotationseighthrow {58} {57} {25} {24} {26} {19} {41} {50} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Transcript} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{1}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarraythirdrow{2}{2}{2}{1}{1}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfourthrow{0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{1}{2}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{0}{1}{2}{1}{2}{1}{2}{2} +\othelloarraysixthrow{1}{3}{1}{1}{1}{1}{2}{0} +\othelloarrayseventhrow{0}{0}{0}{1}{1}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {0}{0}{2}{1}{1}{2}{0}{0} +\annotationssixthrow{30}{}{}{}{}{}{}{} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{After move 30} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{1} +\othelloarraysecondrow {2}{2}{1}{1}{1}{2}{1}{1} +\othelloarraythirdrow{2}{2}{2}{1}{2}{1}{2}{1} +\othelloarrayfourthrow{2}{2}{2}{2}{1}{1}{2}{1} +\othelloarrayfifthrow{2}{2}{2}{1}{2}{1}{2}{1} +\othelloarraysixthrow{2}{2}{1}{2}{2}{2}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayseventhrow{2}{1}{2}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayeighthrow{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Final position} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +\chapter{Corners and stable discs} +Perhaps the most basic strategy in Othello is to take the corners. By the rules of +play, it is impossible to flip a disc in a corner, so that if you are able to take a corner, +that disc will be yours for the rest of the game. In Diagram 2-1, the disc on h8 must be +white at the end of the game: even if Black later moves to both g8 and h7, he can not +capture the disc on h8. Moreover, once you have a corner, it is often possible to build +a large number of discs that are protected by the corner and can never be flipped. +Such discs are called \jargon{stable discs}. + +\begin{figure}[h!] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\drawboardfromstring{---------------------------OX------OOX-----OOO--------O--------O} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\drawboardfromstring{--------------------O------OO------OOX-----OXX-----XOOO--OOOOOOO} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\drawboardfromstring{---------------O---XXX-O---XXXXO---XXXOO---XXOOO--OOOOOO-OOOOOOO} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +In Diagram 2-2, the discs on the bottom row are stable discs, and in Diagram 2-3, +all 21 white discs are stable discs. If this is not obvious to you, then take some time +now to convince yourself. Set up the positions on a board, then try to flip the stable +discs by placing black discs wherever you like. There is simply no way for Black to +get ``behind'' these discs to surround and flip them. The possibility of building up +stable discs usually makes corners very valuable, especially early in the game. + +If taking corners is that good, then it should be obvious that you usually do not +want to give any to your opponent! Given the rules of the game, the only way for your +opponent to take a corner is if you play in one of the squares next to a corner, i.e., the +C-squares or X-squares. The X-squares are particularly dangerous, and a move to an +X-square early in the game is almost certain to give up the adjacent corner. For example, in Diagram 2-4, White has just moved to the X-square at g7. Although Black +can not take the h8 corner immediately, if he can establish even one disc on the c3-f6 +diagonal, then Black will be able take the corner. + +\begin{figure}[h] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.35\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactortwoup} +\dotmarkings +\drawboardfromstring{-----------O-O----OOOOO---OOOOX---OOOOX--XXOXO----XOO3O---XXXXX-} +\posannotation{g7}{28} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +\hspace{24pt} +%\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.35\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactortwoup} +\dotmarkings +\drawboardfromstring{-----------O-O----OOOOO---OOOOX--X4444X--XXOXO----XOOOO---XXXXX-} +\posannotation{b5}{1} + +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +One possibility is for Black to play b5, capturing the disc on e5, as shown in +Diagram 2-5. No matter where White plays, he will not be able to recapture the e5 +disc, and Black will be able to take the h8 corner on his next turn. Once black has the +corner, all of his discs on row 8 become stable discs, and later in the game he is likely +to be able to create stable discs on the right edge as well. In general, the earlier in the +game a corner is taken the more valuable it is, as the potential for building up stable +discs around the corner is greater. In most cases, moving to an X-square early in the +game will prove to be a fatal error, although later in the book we will examine some +exceptional circumstances under which early X-square moves are useful. + +\begin{figure}[h] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\drawboardfromstring{---------------X--XXXO4O--XXX4O----X4OO---XXXO-------O----------} +\posannotation{h2}{1} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\drawboardfromstring{-----------XOO-X--XXOO4---XOX4XX--OXXXX----OXX------------------} +\posannotation{h2}{1} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\drawboardfromstring{-------------X-X----OX4----OOXO----OOXOO---OXX------OX----------} +\posannotation{h2}{1} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +While moves to the X-square will usually allow the opponent to take the adjacent +corner, for C-squares the degree of danger depends largely on the rest of the +squares on the same edge. For example, in Diagrams 2-6, 2-7, and 2-8, Black will +quickly lose the h1 corner. In Diagram 2-6, White simply takes the corner on the next +move. In Diagram 2-7, White can play h3; Black has no way of capturing the h3 disc, +and White will be able to play h1 on his next turn. Can you see the way that White can capture the h1 corner in Diagram 2-8? + +Starting from Diagram 2-8, White should play h3, gaining access to the h1 corner. +Even if Black captures the h3 disc by playing h4, as in Diagram 2-9, White still +has access to the corner, as shown in Diagram 2-10. As these diagrams suggest, C-squares are often the most dangerous when the adjacent A-square is empty, allowing +the opponent to attack the corner by playing into the A-square. We will see many +more examples like this in later chapters. + +\begin{figure}[h] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.35\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactortwoup} +\dotmarkings +\drawboardfromstring{-------------X-X----OXXO---OOXOX---OOXOO---OXX------OX----------} +\posannotation{h3}{1} +\posannotation{h4}{2} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{} +\end{minipage} +\hspace{24pt} +%\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.35\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactortwoup} +\dotmarkings +\drawboardfromstring{-------------X-X----OOXX---OOXXX---OOXXO---OXX------OX----------} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +While there are many circumstances under which C-squares are bad moves, they are quite often perfectly good moves, and frequently they involve no danger of giving up a corner despite being adjacent to it. Diagrams 2-11, 2-12, and 2-13 all show examples where Black has a good C-square move at h2. In Diagram 2-11, h2 builds on Black's stable discs, and offers no prospect of white taking the h1 corner. In Diagram 2-12, Black must play h2 to prevent White from capturing the h8 corner. Once he does so, he is in no immediate danger of losing a corner. In Diagram 2-13, black can play h2 and later play another C-square at h7, all with no danger of losing a corner. As these diagrams suggest, the best time to take a C-square is often when you have pieces of your own color in the other squares along the edge. +\addtolength{\belowcaptionskip}{-8pt} +\begin{figure}[h] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{.6} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{0}{1}{0}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarraythirdrow {0}{0}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{2} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {0}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{2}{2} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {1}{1}{1}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2} +\othelloarraysixthrow {0}{2}{2}{1}{2}{2}{1}{2} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{1}{2}{2} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{.6} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarraythirdrow {0}{0}{0}{1}{2}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{1}{2} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{2}{1}{2} +\othelloarraysixthrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{1}{2}{2} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{2} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{.6} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarraythirdrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {0}{0}{0}{2}{1}{1}{1}{2} +\othelloarraysixthrow {0}{0}{0}{1}{1}{1}{1}{2} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{1}{1}{0}{2} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +\clearpage +\section*{Exercises} +\addtolength{\belowcaptionskip}{8pt} +\captionsetup{figurename=Exercise}\setcounter{figure}{0} +In each diagram, find the best move. Answers begin on page \pageref{answersc2}. + +\begin{figure}[h] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow {0}{0}{0}{2}{0}{0}{2}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{0} +\othelloarraythirdrow {2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{1} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{1}{2}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {2}{2}{2}{2}{1}{2}{2}{0} +\othelloarraysixthrow {2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{0} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {2}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow {0}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarraythirdrow {2}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {2}{2}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {2}{2}{1}{1}{2}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarraysixthrow {2}{2}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {2}{0}{2}{2}{1}{2}{0}{1} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {0}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{0} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarraythirdrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {0}{2}{2}{1}{2}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {0}{2}{1}{2}{1}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysixthrow {0}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {0}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{0} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +\begin{figure}[h] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarraythirdrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarraysixthrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{1}{0} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow {0}{1}{1}{1}{0}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{2}{1}{1}{1}{0}{0} +\othelloarraythirdrow {0}{0}{1}{2}{2}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {0}{0}{1}{1}{2}{2}{2}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {0}{0}{1}{1}{2}{2}{2}{0} +\othelloarraysixthrow {0}{0}{1}{1}{2}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {0}{0}{0}{1}{2}{2}{0}{0} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarrayfirstrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{2}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarraysecondrow {0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{1}{0}{2} +\othelloarraythirdrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{1}{2}{2} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {0}{0}{0}{2}{2}{2}{1}{0} +\othelloarraysixthrow {0}{0}{0}{1}{2}{0}{0}{1} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +\chapter{Frontier discs and walls} +\captionsetup{figurename=Diagram} + +In chapter 2, we learned about the value of corners, and the danger of moving to +X-squares and C-squares. While knowing this alone might be enough to let you win +against a complete novice, it will not get you far against more seasoned competition. +In games between players that are both aware of the strategies presented in chapter 2, +neither player will voluntarily make the sort of bad X-square and C-squares moves +that give up corners for no reason. If you want your opponent to make these moves, +then you will have to force him to do so. That is, you want to create a situation where +the \emph{only} moves available to your opponent are bad moves. How to go about doing this +is the subject of this chapter, and indeed most of the rest of the book. + +\begin{figure}[h] +\begin{center} +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarraythirdrow {0}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{1}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {0}{1}{2}{2}{1}{1}{1}{2} +\othelloarraysixthrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{0} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{1}{0}{0}{0} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarraythirdrow {1}{3}{3}{3}{3}{3}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {2}{3}{2}{2}{2}{2}{1}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {0}{1}{3}{2}{1}{1}{1}{2} +\othelloarraysixthrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{0} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{1}{0}{0}{0} +\posannotation{a3}{1} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{Black to move} +\end{minipage} +\hfill +\begin{minipage}[t]{.32\textwidth} +\begin{othelloboard}{\scalefactorthreeup} +\dotmarkings +\othelloarraysecondrow {2}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0}{0} +\othelloarraythirdrow {4}{4}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {2}{1}{2}{2}{2}{2}{1}{0} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {0}{1}{1}{2}{1}{1}{1}{2} +\othelloarraysixthrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{0} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {0}{0}{0}{0}{1}{0}{0}{0} +\posannotation{a2}{2} +\end{othelloboard} +\caption{White to move} +\end{minipage} +\end{center} +\end{figure} + +Diagram 3-1 shows the sort of position that often arises in games between an +expert (Black) and a novice (White). Many novices choose their moves mainly on the +basis of the number of discs that are flipped, with the more discs flipped the better. +After all, the object of the game is to end up with as many pieces as possible, so it +seems logical to want to take a lot of pieces at every point during the game. Following +this logic, the novice chooses to play a3, flipping 7 discs, as shown in Diagram 3-2. +The problem with this move becomes apparent after Black replies with a2, resulting +in the position shown in Diagram 3-3. + +In Diagram 3-3, White's only legal option is the b2 X-square, which White is +obliged to play whether he wants to or not (Diagram 3-4). This immediately surrenders +the a1 corner (Diagram 3-5), and Black will eventually gain many \ldots + +%% Answers %% + +\chapter*{Answers to Exercises} +\label{answersc2} +\subsection*{Chapter 2} +\exercisenum{Exercise 2-1} White should play e1, capturing the disc at e4, which will provide access to the h2 corner. + +\exercisenum{Exercise 2-2} Black should play a2. Although this is a C-square, there is no +danger of White gaining access to the a1 corner. Further, this move flips the +disc at d5, which will allow Black to take the h1 corner. + +\exercisenum{Exercise 2-3} White should play a7, using the a8 corner to build more stable +discs. + +\exercisenum{Exercise 2-4} This is an extreme example of building up stable discs. The +correct sequence of moves is shown in the diagram. + +\begin{center} +\begin{othelloboard}{.8} +\othelloarrayfirstrow {2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2} +\othelloarraysecondrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarraythirdrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayfourthrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayfifthrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarraysixthrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayseventhrow {1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1}{1} +\othelloarrayeighthrow {2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{2}{1}{2} +\annotationsfirstrow {1}{2}{3}{4}{5}{6}{8}{9} +\posannotation{h8}{7} +\end{othelloboard} +\end{center} + +\exercisenum{Exercise 2-5} Black should fill in the hole at e1. Since White can not capture +this disc, Black will be able to take the a1 corner. + +\exercisenum{Exercise 2-6} White should play h4, threatening to take the h1 corner. If Black +tries to prevent this by playing h5, the white disc at h6 still allows White to take +the corner. + + +\end{document}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Master/tlpkg/libexec/ctan2tds b/Master/tlpkg/libexec/ctan2tds index 1404b508eaa..ea804a057d3 100755 --- a/Master/tlpkg/libexec/ctan2tds +++ b/Master/tlpkg/libexec/ctan2tds @@ -2083,7 +2083,6 @@ $standardclean = '\.head|\.tmp|\.dvi|\.log|\.out|\.aux|\.toc|\.lof|\.lot' 'jlabels' => 'jlabels.pdf', # no source 'linguex' => 'cgloss4e.sty', # symlink 'numericplots' => '.*\.m', # matlab - 'othelloboard' => 'example.*.pdf', # no source 'piechartmp' => 'piechartmp.pdf', # no source 'ptptex' => '(overcite|cite|wrapfig).sty', # duplicated 'stix' => 'STIX_Font_Release_Documentation_2010.pdf', # no source |