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diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/texinfo/info.html b/Master/texmf/doc/texinfo/info.html index c9c89eb97d9..e8379e0a216 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/texinfo/info.html +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/texinfo/info.html @@ -3,27 +3,28 @@ <title>Info</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"> <meta name="description" content="Info"> -<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.7"> +<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.12"> <link title="Top" rel="top" href="#Top"> <link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> <!-- This file describes how to use Info, the on-line, menu-driven GNU documentation system. -Copyright (C) 1989, 1992, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 -Free Software Foundation, Inc. +Copyright (C) 1989, 1992, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, +2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, - Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software + Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts - being "A GNU Manual", and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) + being "A GNU Manual," and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License" in the Emacs manual. (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: "You have freedom to copy and - modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by - the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development." + modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Buying copies from GNU + Press supports the FSF in developing GNU and promoting software + freedom." This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free Documentation License. If you want to distribute this @@ -39,8 +40,9 @@ Free Software Foundation, Inc. pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller } pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller } - span.sc { font-variant:small-caps } - span.roman { font-family: serif; font-weight: normal; } + span.sc { font-variant:small-caps } + span.roman { font-family:serif; font-weight:normal; } + span.sansserif { font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal; } --></style> </head> <body> @@ -65,23 +67,28 @@ Free Software Foundation, Inc. </li></ul> <li><a href="#Help_002dXref">1.7 Following Cross-References</a> <li><a href="#Help_002dInt">1.8 Some intermediate Info commands</a> +<li><a href="#Help_002dQ">1.9 Quitting Info</a> </li></ul> -<li><a name="toc_Expert-Info" href="#Expert-Info">2 Info for Experts</a> +<li><a name="toc_Advanced" href="#Advanced">2 Advanced Info Commands</a> <ul> -<li><a href="#Advanced">2.1 Advanced Info Commands</a> -<li><a href="#Info-Search">2.2 How to search Info documents for specific subjects</a> -<li><a href="#Add">2.3 Adding a new node to Info</a> -<li><a href="#Menus">2.4 How to Create Menus</a> -<li><a href="#Cross_002drefs">2.5 Creating Cross References</a> +<li><a href="#Search-Text">2.1 <kbd>s</kbd> searches Info documents</a> +<li><a href="#Search-Index">2.2 <kbd>i</kbd> searches the indices for specific subjects</a> +<li><a href="#Go-to-node">2.3 <kbd>g</kbd> goes to a node by name</a> +<li><a href="#Choose-menu-subtopic">2.4 <kbd>1</kbd>–<kbd>9</kbd> choose a menu subtopic by its number</a> +<li><a href="#Create-Info-buffer">2.5 <kbd>M-n</kbd> creates a new independent Info buffer in Emacs</a> +<li><a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">2.6 Emacs Info-mode Variables</a> +</li></ul> +<li><a name="toc_Expert-Info" href="#Expert-Info">3 Info for Experts</a> +<ul> +<li><a href="#Add">3.1 Adding a new node to Info</a> +<li><a href="#Menus">3.2 How to Create Menus</a> +<li><a href="#Cross_002drefs">3.3 Creating Cross References</a> <ul> -<li><a href="#Help_002dCross">2.5.1 The node reached by the cross reference in Info</a> +<li><a href="#Help_002dCross">3.3.1 The node reached by the cross reference in Info</a> </li></ul> -<li><a href="#Help_002dQ">2.6 Quitting Info</a> -<li><a href="#Tags">2.7 Tags Tables for Info Files</a> -<li><a href="#Checking">2.8 Checking an Info File</a> -<li><a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">2.9 Emacs Info-mode Variables</a> +<li><a href="#Tags">3.4 Tags Tables for Info Files</a> +<li><a href="#Checking">3.5 Checking an Info File</a> </li></ul> -<li><a name="toc_Creating-an-Info-File" href="#Creating-an-Info-File">3 Creating an Info File from a Texinfo File</a> <li><a name="toc_Index" href="#Index">Index</a> </li></ul> </div> @@ -90,9 +97,10 @@ Free Software Foundation, Inc. <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Top"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a>, +<a name="Top"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#dir">(dir)</a> -<br> + </div> <h2 class="unnumbered">Info: An Introduction</h2> @@ -101,29 +109,35 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#dir">(dir)</a> <dfn>Info format</dfn>, which you read using an <dfn>Info reader</dfn>. You are probably using an Info reader to read this now. + <p>There are two primary Info readers: <code>info</code>, a stand-alone program +designed just to read Info files, and the <code>info</code> package in GNU +Emacs, a general-purpose editor. At present, only the Emacs reader +supports using a mouse. + <ul class="menu"> <li><a accesskey="1" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a>: Getting started using an Info reader. -<li><a accesskey="2" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a>: Info commands for experts. -<li><a accesskey="3" href="#Creating-an-Info-File">Creating an Info File</a>: How to make your own Info file. +<li><a accesskey="2" href="#Advanced">Advanced</a>: Advanced Info commands. +<li><a accesskey="3" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a>: Info commands for experts. <li><a accesskey="4" href="#Index">Index</a>: An index of topics, commands, and variables. </ul> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Getting-Started"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a>, +<a name="Getting-Started"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Advanced">Advanced</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Top">Top</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> <h2 class="chapter">1 Getting Started</h2> -<p>This first part of the Info manual describes how to get around inside +<p>This first part of this Info manual describes how to get around inside of Info. The second part of the manual describes various advanced -Info commands, and how to write an Info as distinct from a Texinfo -file. The third part briefly explains how to generate Info files from -Texinfo files. +Info commands. The third part briefly explains how to generate Info +files from Texinfo files, and describes how to write an Info file +by hand. <p>This manual is primarily designed for browsing with an Info reader program on a computer, so that you can try Info commands while reading @@ -141,7 +155,7 @@ stand-alone program designed just to read Info files. <li>Type <code>emacs</code> at the command line; then type <kbd>C-h i</kbd> (<kbd>Control-h</kbd>, followed by <kbd>i</kbd>). This approach uses the Info -mode of the Emacs program, an editor with many other capabilities. +mode of the Emacs editor. </ol> <p>In either case, then type <kbd>mInfo</kbd> (just the letters), followed by @@ -154,22 +168,24 @@ the screen. <!-- of something-in which case these simple instructions won't work? --> <ul class="menu"> -<li><a accesskey="1" href="#Help_002dSmall_002dScreen">Help-Small-Screen</a>: Starting Info on a Small Screen -<li><a accesskey="2" href="#Help">Help</a>: How to use Info -<li><a accesskey="3" href="#Help_002dP">Help-P</a>: Returning to the Previous node +<li><a accesskey="1" href="#Help_002dSmall_002dScreen">Help-Small-Screen</a>: Starting Info on a Small Screen. +<li><a accesskey="2" href="#Help">Help</a>: How to use Info. +<li><a accesskey="3" href="#Help_002dP">Help-P</a>: Returning to the Previous node. <li><a accesskey="4" href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a>: The Space, DEL, B and ^L commands. <li><a accesskey="5" href="#Help_002dInv">Help-Inv</a>: Invisible text in Emacs Info. -<li><a accesskey="6" href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a>: Menus -<li><a accesskey="7" href="#Help_002dXref">Help-Xref</a>: Following cross-references -<li><a accesskey="8" href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a>: Some intermediate Info commands -<li><a accesskey="9" href="#Help_002dQ">Help-Q</a>: Quitting Info +<li><a accesskey="6" href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a>: Menus. +<li><a accesskey="7" href="#Help_002dXref">Help-Xref</a>: Following cross-references. +<li><a accesskey="8" href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a>: Some intermediate Info commands. +<li><a accesskey="9" href="#Help_002dQ">Help-Q</a>: Quitting Info. </ul> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help_002dSmall_002dScreen"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help">Help</a>, +<a name="Help-Small-Screen"></a> +<a name="Help_002dSmall_002dScreen"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help">Help</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> -<br> + </div> <h3 class="section">1.1 Starting Info on a Small Screen</h3> @@ -180,20 +196,23 @@ number of lines; most readers pass by it without seeing it.) <p><a name="index-small-screen_002c-moving-around-3"></a>Since your terminal has a relatively small number of lines on its screen, it is necessary to give you special advice at the beginning. - <p>If you see the text <span class="samp">--All----</span> near the bottom right corner -of the screen, it means the entire text you are looking at fits on the -screen. If you see <span class="samp">--Top----</span> instead, it means that there is -more text below that does not fit. To move forward through the text -and see another screen full, press <SPC>, the Space bar. To move -back up, press the key labeled <span class="samp">Backspace</span> or <span class="samp">DEL</span> (on some -keyboards, this key might be labeled <span class="samp">Delete</span>). + <p>If the entire text you are looking at fits on the screen, the text +‘<samp><span class="samp">All</span></samp>’ will be displayed at the bottom of the screen. In the +stand-alone Info reader, it is displayed at the bottom right corner of +the screen; in Emacs, it is displayed on the modeline. If you see the +text ‘<samp><span class="samp">Top</span></samp>’ instead, it means that there is more text below that +does not fit. To move forward through the text and see another screen +full, press <SPC>, the Space bar. To move back up, press the key +labeled ‘<samp><span class="samp">Backspace</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">DEL</span></samp>’ (on some keyboards, this key +might be labeled ‘<samp><span class="samp">Delete</span></samp>’). <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dP">Help-P</a>, +<a name="Help"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dP">Help-P</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Help_002dSmall_002dScreen">Help-Small-Screen</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> @@ -203,61 +222,63 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> <p>There are two ways to use Info: from within Emacs or as a stand-alone reader that you can invoke from a shell using the command -<span class="command">info</span>. +<samp><span class="command">info</span></samp>. <p><a name="index-node_002c-in-Info-documents-4"></a> Right now you are looking at one <dfn>Node</dfn> of Information. A node contains text describing a specific topic at a specific level of detail. This node's topic is “how to use Info”. The mode -line says that this is node <span class="samp">Help</span> in the file <span class="file">info</span>. +line says that this is node ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help</span></samp>’ in the file <samp><span class="file">info</span></samp>. <p><a name="index-header-of-Info-node-5"></a> The top line of a node is its <dfn>header</dfn>. This node's header -(look at it now) says that the <span class="samp">Next</span> node after this one is the -node called <span class="samp">Help-P</span>. An advanced Info command lets you go to +(look at it now) says that the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’ node after this one is the +node called ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-P</span></samp>’. An advanced Info command lets you go to any node whose name you know. In the stand-alone Info reader program, -the header line shows the names of this node and the info file as -well. In Emacs, the header line is duplicated in a special typeface, -and the duplicate remains at the top of the window all the time even -if you scroll through the node. +the header line shows the names of this node and the Info file as +well. In Emacs, the header line is displayed with a special typeface, +and remains at the top of the window all the time even if you scroll +through the node. - <p>Besides a <span class="samp">Next</span>, a node can have a <span class="samp">Previous</span> or an -<span class="samp">Up</span> links, or both. As you can see, this node has all of these + <p>Besides a ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’, a node can have a ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’ link, or an +‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ link, or both. As you can see, this node has all of these links. - <p><a name="index-n-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-6"></a> Now it is time to move on to the <span class="samp">Next</span> node, named <span class="samp">Help-P</span>. + <p><a name="index-n-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-6"></a> Now it is time to move on to the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’ node, named ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-P</span></samp>’. <pre class="format">>> Type <kbd>n</kbd> to move there. Type just one character; do not type the quotes and do not type a <RET> afterward. </pre> - <p class="noindent"><span class="samp">>></span> in the margin means it is really time to try a command. + <p class="noindent">‘<samp><span class="samp">>></span></samp>’ in the margin means it is really time to try a command. <pre class="format">>> If you are in Emacs and have a mouse, and if you already practiced - typing <kbd>n</kbd> to get to the next node, click now with the middle - mouse button on the <span class="samp">Next</span> link to do the same “the mouse way”. + typing <kbd>n</kbd> to get to the next node, click now with the left + mouse button on the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’ link to do the same “the mouse way”. </pre> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help_002dP"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a>, +<a name="Help-P"></a> +<a name="Help_002dP"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Help">Help</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> <h3 class="section">1.3 Returning to the Previous node</h3> -<p><a name="index-p-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-7"></a>This node is called <span class="samp">Help-P</span>. The <span class="samp">Previous</span> node, as you see, -is <span class="samp">Help</span>, which is the one you just came from using the <kbd>n</kbd> +<p><a name="index-p-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-7"></a>This node is called ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-P</span></samp>’. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’ node, as you see, +is ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help</span></samp>’, which is the one you just came from using the <kbd>n</kbd> command. Another <kbd>n</kbd> command now would take you to the next -node, <span class="samp">Help-^L</span>. +node, ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-^L</span></samp>’. -<pre class="format">>> But do not type <kbd>n</kbd> yet. First, try the <kbd>p</kbd> command, - or click the middle mouse button on the <span class="samp">Prev</span> link. That - takes you to the <span class="samp">Previous</span> node. Then use <kbd>n</kbd> to return here. +<pre class="format">>> But do not type <kbd>n</kbd> yet. First, try the <kbd>p</kbd> command, or + (in Emacs) click on the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Prev</span></samp>’ link. That takes you to + the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’ node. Then use <kbd>n</kbd> to return here. </pre> - <p>If you read this in Emacs, you will see an <span class="samp">Info</span> item in the + <p>If you read this in Emacs, you will see an ‘<samp><span class="samp">Info</span></samp>’ item in the menu bar, close to its right edge. Clicking the mouse on the -<span class="samp">Info</span> menu-bar item opens a menu of commands which include -<span class="samp">Next</span> and <span class="samp">Prev</span> (and also some others which you didn't yet +‘<samp><span class="samp">Info</span></samp>’ menu-bar item opens a menu of commands which include +‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’ (and also some others which you didn't yet learn about). <p>This all probably seems insultingly simple so far, but <em>please @@ -266,29 +287,31 @@ Also, please do not try a new command until you are told it is time to. You could make Info skip past an important warning that was coming up. -<pre class="format">>> Now do an <kbd>n</kbd>, or click the middle mouse button on the <span class="samp">Next</span> - link, to get to the node <span class="samp">Help-^L</span> and learn more. +<pre class="format">>> Now do an <kbd>n</kbd>, or (in Emacs) click the middle mouse button on + the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’ link, to get to the node ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-^L</span></samp>’ and learn more. </pre> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help_002d_005eL"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dInv">Help-Inv</a>, +<a name="Help-%5eL"></a> +<a name="Help_002d_005eL"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dInv">Help-Inv</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Help_002dP">Help-P</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> <h3 class="section">1.4 The Space, DEL, B and ^L commands</h3> <p>This node's mode line tells you that you are now at node -<span class="samp">Help-^L</span>, and the header line tells you that <kbd>p</kbd> would get -you back to <span class="samp">Help-P</span>. The node's title is highlighted and may be +‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-^L</span></samp>’, and the header line tells you that <kbd>p</kbd> would get +you back to ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-P</span></samp>’. The node's title is highlighted and may be underlined as well; it says what the node is about. <p>This is a big node and it does not all fit on your display screen. You can tell that there is more that is not visible because you -can see the string <span class="samp">--Top-----</span> rather than <span class="samp">--All----</span> near -the bottom right corner of the screen. +can see the text ‘<samp><span class="samp">Top</span></samp>’ rather than ‘<samp><span class="samp">All</span></samp>’ near the bottom of +the screen. <p><a name="index-SPC-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-8"></a><a name="index-DEL-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-9"></a><a name="index-BACKSPACE-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-10"></a><a name="index-Info_002dscroll_002dup-11"></a><a name="index-Info_002dscroll_002ddown-12"></a> The <SPC>, <BACKSPACE> (or <DEL>)<a rel="footnote" href="#fn-1" name="fnd-1"><sup>1</sup></a> and <kbd>b</kbd> commands exist to allow you to “move around” in a node that does not all fit on the @@ -308,7 +331,7 @@ lines above them they may not make it all the way to the bottom. <p>If you are reading this in Emacs, note that the header line is always visible, never scrolling off the display. That way, you can -always see the <span class="samp">Next</span>, <span class="samp">Prev</span>, and <span class="samp">Up</span> links, and you +always see the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">Prev</span></samp>’, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ links, and you can conveniently go to one of these links at any time by clicking the middle mouse button on the link. @@ -327,15 +350,15 @@ the menu, one by one. Once you reach the end of a node, and have seen all of its subnodes, <SPC> takes you to the next node or to the parent's next node. - <p><a name="index-PAGEUP-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-15"></a><a name="index-PAGEDOWN-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-16"></a> Many keyboards nowadays have two scroll keys labeled <span class="samp">PageUp</span> -and <span class="samp">PageDown</span> (or maybe <span class="samp">Prior</span> and <span class="samp">Next</span>). If your + <p><a name="index-PAGEUP-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-15"></a><a name="index-PAGEDOWN-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-16"></a> Many keyboards nowadays have two scroll keys labeled ‘<samp><span class="samp">PageUp</span></samp>’ +and ‘<samp><span class="samp">PageDown</span></samp>’ (or maybe ‘<samp><span class="samp">Prior</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’). If your keyboard has these keys, you can use them to move forward and backward through the text of one node, like <SPC> and <BACKSPACE> (or <DEL>). However, <PAGEUP> and <PAGEDOWN> keys never scroll beyond the beginning or the end of the current node. <p><a name="index-C_002dl-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-17"></a> If your screen is ever garbaged, you can tell Info to display it -again by typing <kbd>C-l</kbd> (<kbd>Control-L</kbd>, that is—hold down +again by typing <kbd>C-l</kbd> (<kbd>Control-L</kbd>—that is, hold down <CTRL> and type <kbd>L</kbd> or <kbd>l</kbd>). <pre class="format">>> Type <kbd>C-l</kbd> now. @@ -349,15 +372,11 @@ the <BACKSPACE> key (or <DEL>) many times. You can also type isn't enough. You may need to shrink your Emacs or Info window.) Then come back, by typing <SPC> one or more times. </pre> - <p>If your screen is very tall, all of this node might fit at once. In -that case, <kbd>b</kbd> won't do anything. But you could observe the -effect of the <kbd>b</kbd> key if you use a smaller window. - - <p><a name="index-_003f-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-19"></a><a name="index-Info_002dsummary-20"></a> You have just learned a considerable number of commands. If you + <p><a name="index-g_t_003f-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-19"></a><a name="index-Info_002dsummary-20"></a> You have just learned a considerable number of commands. If you want to use one but have trouble remembering which, you should type -a <kbd>?</kbd> (in Emacs it runs the <code>Info-summary</code> command) which -displays a brief list of commands. When you are finished looking at -the list, make it go away by typing a <SPC> repeatedly. +<kbd>?</kbd>, which displays a brief list of commands. When you are +finished looking at the list, make it go away by typing <SPC> +repeatedly. <pre class="format">>> Type a <?> now. Press <SPC> to see consecutive screenfuls of the list until finished. Then type <SPC> several times. If @@ -365,23 +384,25 @@ the list, make it go away by typing a <SPC> repeatedly. </pre> <p>(If you are using the stand-alone Info reader, type <kbd>C-x 0</kbd> to return here, that is—press and hold <CTRL>, type an <kbd>x</kbd>, -then release <CTRL> and <kbd>x</kbd>, and press <kbd>0</kbd>—a zero, not -the letter “o”.) +then release <CTRL> and <kbd>x</kbd>, and press <kbd>0</kbd>; that's a zero, +not the letter “o”.) <p>From now on, you will encounter large nodes without warning, and will be expected to know how to use <SPC> and <BACKSPACE> to move around in them without being told. Since not all terminals have the same size screen, it would be impossible to warn you anyway. -<pre class="format">>> Now type <kbd>n</kbd>, or click the middle mouse button on the <span class="samp">Next</span> link, +<pre class="format">>> Now type <kbd>n</kbd>, or click the middle mouse button on the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’ link, to visit the next node. </pre> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help_002dInv"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a>, +<a name="Help-Inv"></a> +<a name="Help_002dInv"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> @@ -392,7 +413,7 @@ relevant to users reading Info using Emacs. Users of the stand-alone version can skip this node by typing <kbd>]</kbd> now. <p><a name="index-invisible-text-in-Emacs-21"></a> In Emacs, certain text that appears in the stand-alone version is -normally hidden, technically because it has the <span class="samp">invisibility</span> +normally hidden, technically because it has the ‘<samp><span class="samp">invisibility</span></samp>’ property. Invisible text is really a part of the text. It becomes visible (by default) after killing and yanking, it appears in printed output, it gets saved to file just like any other text, and so on. @@ -407,9 +428,9 @@ the command on the “menu” below and the top line of this node. <code>Info-hide-note-references</code> to <code>nil</code>. Enabling Visible mode permanently is not a real alternative, because Emacs Info also uses (although less extensively) another text property that can change the -text being displayed, the <span class="samp">display</span> property. Only the +text being displayed, the ‘<samp><span class="samp">display</span></samp>’ property. Only the invisibility property is affected by Visible mode. When, in this -tutorial, we refer to the <span class="samp">Emacs</span> behavior, we mean the +tutorial, we refer to the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Emacs</span></samp>’ behavior, we mean the <em>default</em> Emacs behavior. <p>Now type <kbd>]</kbd>, to learn about the <kbd>]</kbd> and <kbd>[</kbd> commands. @@ -422,8 +443,10 @@ tutorial, we refer to the <span class="samp">Emacs</span> behavior, we mean the <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help_002d_005d"></a>Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Help_002dInv">Help-Inv</a> -<br> +<a name="Help-%5d"></a> +<a name="Help_002d_005d"></a> +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Help_002dInv">Help-Inv</a> + </div> <h4 class="subsection">1.5.1 The <kbd>]</kbd> and <kbd>[</kbd> commands</h4> @@ -459,10 +482,12 @@ you can type <kbd>[</kbd>. <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help_002dM"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dXref">Help-Xref</a>, +<a name="Help-M"></a> +<a name="Help_002dM"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dXref">Help-Xref</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Help_002dInv">Help-Inv</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> @@ -474,30 +499,30 @@ nodes, nodes are restricted to a linear sequence. Menus allow a branching structure. A menu is a list of other nodes you can move to. It is actually just part of the text of the node formatted specially so that Info can interpret it. The beginning of a menu is always -identified by a line which starts with <span class="samp">* Menu:</span><!-- /@w -->. A node +identified by a line which starts with ‘<samp><span class="samp">* Menu:</span></samp>’<!-- /@w -->. A node contains a menu if and only if it has a line in it which starts that way. The only menu you can use at any moment is the one in the node you are in. To use a menu in any other node, you must move to that node first. - <p>After the start of the menu, each line that starts with a <span class="samp">*</span> + <p>After the start of the menu, each line that starts with a ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’ identifies one subtopic. The line usually contains a brief name for -the subtopic (followed by a <span class="samp">:</span>, normally hidden in Emacs), the +the subtopic (followed by a ‘<samp><span class="samp">:</span></samp>’, normally hidden in Emacs), the name of the node that talks about that subtopic (again, normally hidden in Emacs), and optionally some further description of the -subtopic. Lines in the menu that do not start with a <span class="samp">*</span> have no +subtopic. Lines in the menu that do not start with a ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’ have no special meaning—they are only for the human reader's benefit and do not define additional subtopics. Here is an example: <pre class="example"> * Foo: Node about FOO. This tells about FOO. </pre> - <p>The subtopic name is Foo, and the node describing it is <span class="samp">Node -about FOO</span>. The rest of the line is just for the reader's + <p>The subtopic name is Foo, and the node describing it is ‘<samp><span class="samp">Node +about FOO</span></samp>’. The rest of the line is just for the reader's Information. [[ But this line is not a real menu item, simply because -there is no line above it which starts with <span class="samp">* Menu:</span><!-- /@w -->. Also, -in a real menu item, the <span class="samp">*</span> would appear at the very start of +there is no line above it which starts with ‘<samp><span class="samp">* Menu:</span></samp>’<!-- /@w -->. Also, +in a real menu item, the ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’ would appear at the very start of the line. This is why the “normally hidden” text in Emacs, namely -<span class="samp">: Node about FOO.</span>, is actually visible in this example, even +‘<samp><span class="samp">: Node about FOO.</span></samp>’, is actually visible in this example, even when Visible mode is off.]] <p>When you use a menu to go to another node (in a way that will be @@ -514,7 +539,7 @@ abbreviation for this: <pre class="example"> * Foo:: This tells about FOO. </pre> <p class="noindent">This means that the subtopic name and node name are the same; they are -both <span class="samp">Foo</span>. (The <span class="samp">::</span> is normally hidden in Emacs.) +both ‘<samp><span class="samp">Foo</span></samp>’. (The ‘<samp><span class="samp">::</span></samp>’ is normally hidden in Emacs.) <pre class="format">>> Now use <SPC> to find the menu in this node, then come back to the front with a <kbd>b</kbd> and some <SPC>s. As you see, a menu is @@ -550,9 +575,9 @@ the command. When you have done one of those things, the input entry line becomes blank again. Then you can type Info commands again. <p><a name="index-Info_002dmenu-26"></a> The command to go to a subnode via a menu is <kbd>m</kbd>. After you type -the <kbd>m</kbd>, the line at the bottom of the screen says <span class="samp">Menu item: </span>. +the <kbd>m</kbd>, the line at the bottom of the screen says ‘<samp><span class="samp">Menu item: </span></samp>’. You must then type the name of the subtopic you want, and end it with -a <RET>. In Emacs, <kbd>m</kbd> runs the command <code>Info-menu</code>. +a <RET>. <p><a name="index-abbreviating-Info-subnodes-27"></a> You can abbreviate the subtopic name. If the abbreviation is not unique, the first matching subtopic is chosen. Some menus put @@ -602,32 +627,34 @@ now; the next thing you will type must be the name of a subtopic. <BACKSPACE>) key to cancel one character at a time if you make a mistake. -<pre class="format">>> Press <DEL> to cancel the <span class="samp">R</span>. You could type another <kbd>R</kbd> - to replace it. But you do not have to, since <span class="samp">BA</span> is a valid +<pre class="format">>> Press <DEL> to cancel the ‘<samp><span class="samp">R</span></samp>’. You could type another <kbd>R</kbd> + to replace it. But you do not have to, since ‘<samp><span class="samp">BA</span></samp>’ is a valid abbreviation. </pre> <pre class="format">>> Now you are ready to go. Type a <RET>. </pre> - <p>After visiting <span class="samp">Help-FOO</span>, you should return here. + <p>After visiting ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-FOO</span></samp>’, you should return here. <p>Another way to move to the menu subtopic lines and between them is to type <TAB>. Each time you type a <TAB>, you move to the -next subtopic line. To move to a previous subtopic line, type -<kbd>M-<TAB></kbd>—that is, press and hold the <META> key and then -press <TAB>. (On some keyboards, the <META> key might be labeled -<span class="samp">Alt</span>.) +next subtopic line. To move to a previous subtopic line in the +stand-alone reader, type <kbd>M-<TAB></kbd>—that is, press and hold +the <META> key and then press <TAB>. (On some keyboards, the +<META> key might be labeled ‘<samp><span class="samp">Alt</span></samp>’.) In Emacs Info, type +<kbd>S-<TAB></kbd> to move to a previous subtopic line (press and hold +the <Shift> key and then press <TAB>). <p>Once you move cursor to a subtopic line, press <RET> to go to that subtopic's node. <p><a name="index-mouse-support-in-Info-mode-29"></a><a name="index-Mouse_002d2-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-30"></a> If your terminal supports a mouse, you have yet another way of going to a subtopic. Move your mouse pointer to the subtopic line, -somewhere between the beginning <span class="samp">*</span> and the colon <span class="samp">:</span> which +somewhere between the beginning ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’ and the colon ‘<samp><span class="samp">:</span></samp>’ which ends the subtopic's brief name. You will see the subtopic's name change its appearance (usually, its background color will change), and the shape of the mouse pointer will change if your platform supports that. After a while, if you leave the mouse on that spot, a small -window will pop up, saying “Mouse-2: go to that node”, or the same +window will pop up, saying “Mouse-2: go to that node,” or the same message may appear at the bottom of the screen. <p><kbd>Mouse-2</kbd> is the second button of your mouse counting from the @@ -648,37 +675,40 @@ there's no next node. </pre> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help_002dFOO"></a>Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a> -<br> +<a name="Help-FOO"></a> +<a name="Help_002dFOO"></a> +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a> + </div> <h4 class="subsection">1.6.1 The <kbd>u</kbd> command</h4> -<p>Congratulations! This is the node <span class="samp">Help-FOO</span>. It has an <span class="samp">Up</span> -pointer <span class="samp">Help-M</span>, the node you just came from via the <kbd>m</kbd> +<p>Congratulations! This is the node ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-FOO</span></samp>’. It has an ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ +pointer ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-M</span></samp>’, the node you just came from via the <kbd>m</kbd> command. This is the usual convention—the nodes you reach from a menu -have <span class="samp">Up</span> nodes that lead back to the menu. Menus move Down in the -tree, and <span class="samp">Up</span> moves Up. <span class="samp">Previous</span>, on the other hand, is +have ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ nodes that lead back to the menu. Menus move Down in the +tree, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ moves Up. ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’, on the other hand, is usually used to “stay on the same level but go backwards”. - <p><a name="index-u-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-32"></a><a name="index-Info_002dup-33"></a> You can go back to the node <span class="samp">Help-M</span> by typing the command -<kbd>u</kbd> for “Up” (the Emacs command run by <kbd>u</kbd> is -<code>Info-up</code>). That puts you at the <em>front</em> of the node—to -get back to where you were reading you have to type some <SPC>s. -(Some Info readers, such as the one built into Emacs, put you at the -same place where you were reading in <span class="samp">Help-M</span>.) + <p><a name="index-u-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-32"></a><a name="index-Info_002dup-33"></a> You can go back to the node ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-M</span></samp>’ by typing the command +<kbd>u</kbd> for “Up”. This puts you at the menu subtopic line pointing +to the subnode that the <kbd>u</kbd> command brought you from. (Some Info +readers may put you at the <em>front</em> of the node instead—to get +back to where you were reading, you have to type some <SPC>s.) - <p>Another way to go Up is to click <kbd>Mouse-2</kbd> on the <span class="samp">Up</span> + <p>Another way to go Up is to click <kbd>Mouse-2</kbd> on the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ pointer shown in the header line (provided that you have a mouse). -<pre class="format">>> Now type <kbd>u</kbd> to move back up to <span class="samp">Help-M</span>. +<pre class="format">>> Now type <kbd>u</kbd> to move back up to ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-M</span></samp>’. </pre> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help_002dXref"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a>, +<a name="Help-Xref"></a> +<a name="Help_002dXref"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> @@ -686,23 +716,25 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> <p><a name="index-cross-references-in-Info-documents-34"></a> In Info documentation, you will see many <dfn>cross references</dfn>. Cross references look like this: See <a href="#Help_002dCross">Cross</a>. That text -is a real, live cross reference, whose name is <span class="samp">Cross</span> and which -points to the node named <span class="samp">Help-Cross</span>. (The node name is hidden +is a real, live cross reference, whose name is ‘<samp><span class="samp">Cross</span></samp>’ and which +points to the node named ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-Cross</span></samp>’. (The node name is hidden in Emacs. Do <kbd>M-x visible-mode</kbd> to show or hide it.) - <p><a name="index-f-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-35"></a><a name="index-Info_002dfollow_002dreference-36"></a> There are two ways to follow a cross reference. You can move the -cursor to it and press <RET>, just as in a menu. <RET> -follows the cross reference that the cursor is on. Or you can type -<kbd>f</kbd> and then specify the name of the cross reference (in this -case, <span class="samp">Cross</span>) as an argument. In Emacs Info, <kbd>f</kbd> runs -<code>Info-follow-reference</code>, - - <p>In the <kbd>f</kbd> command, you select the cross reference with its -name, so it does not matter where the cursor was. If the cursor is on -or near a cross reference, <kbd>f</kbd> suggests that reference name in -parentheses as the default; typing <RET> will follow that -reference. However, if you type a different reference name, <kbd>f</kbd> -will follow the other reference which has that name. + <p><a name="index-f-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-35"></a><a name="index-Info_002dfollow_002dreference-36"></a> You can follow a cross reference by moving the cursor to it and +press <RET>, just as in a menu. In Emacs, you can also click +<kbd>Mouse-1</kbd> on a cross reference to follow it; you can see that the +cross reference is mouse-sensitive by moving the mouse pointer to the +reference and watching how the underlying text and the mouse pointer +change in response. + + <p>Another way to follow a cross reference is to type <kbd>f</kbd> and then +specify the name of the cross reference (in this case, ‘<samp><span class="samp">Cross</span></samp>’) +as an argument. For this command, it does not matter where the cursor +was. If the cursor is on or near a cross reference, <kbd>f</kbd> suggests +that reference name in parentheses as the default; typing <RET> +will follow that reference. However, if you type a different +reference name, <kbd>f</kbd> will follow the other reference which has that +name. <pre class="format">>> Type <kbd>f</kbd>, followed by <kbd>Cross</kbd>, and then <RET>. </pre> @@ -720,55 +752,44 @@ actually want to follow a reference, you should type a <kbd>Control-g</kbd> to cancel the <kbd>f</kbd>. <pre class="format">>> Type <kbd>f?</kbd> to get a list of the cross references in this node. Then - type a <kbd>Control-g</kbd> and see how the <span class="samp">f</span> gives up. + type a <kbd>Control-g</kbd> and see how the ‘<samp><span class="samp">f</span></samp>’ gives up. </pre> - <p>The <TAB> and <kbd>M-<TAB></kbd> key, which move between menu -items in a menu, also move between cross references outside of menus. + <p>The <TAB>, <kbd>M-<TAB></kbd> and <kbd>S-<TAB></kbd> keys, +which move between menu items in a menu, also move between cross +references outside of menus. <p>Sometimes a cross reference (or a node) can lead to another file (in other words another “manual”), or, on occasion, even a file on a remote machine (although Info files distributed with Emacs or the stand-alone Info avoid using remote links). Such a cross reference -looks like this: See <a href="texinfo.html#Top">Overview of Texinfo (Texinfo: The GNU Documentation Format)</a>. (After following this link, type -<kbd>l</kbd> to get back to this node.) Here the name <span class="samp">texinfo</span> -between parentheses (shown in the stand-alone version) refers to the -file name. This file name appears in cross references and node names -if it differs from the current file. In Emacs, the file name is -hidden (along with other text). (Use <kbd>M-x visible-mode</kbd> to show -or hide it.) - - <p>The remainder of this node applies only to the Emacs version. If -you use the stand-alone version, you can type <kbd>n</kbd> immediately. - - <p>To some users, switching manuals is a much bigger switch than -switching sections. These users like to know that they are going to -be switching to another manual (and which one) before actually doing -so, especially given that, if one does not notice, Info commands like -<kbd>t</kbd> (see the next node) can have confusing results. - - <p>If you put your mouse over the cross reference and if the cross -reference leads to a different manual, then the information appearing -in a separate box (tool tip) or in the echo area, will mention the -file the cross reference will carry you to (between parentheses). -This is also true for menu subtopic names. If you have a mouse, just -leave it over the <span class="samp">Overview</span> cross reference above and watch what -happens. - - <p>If you always like to have that information available without having -to move your mouse over the cross reference, set -<code>Info-hide-note-references</code> to a value other than t (see <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a>). You might also want to do that if you have a lot of -cross references to files on remote machines and have non-permanent or -slow access, since otherwise you might not be able to distinguish -between local and remote links. +looks like this: See <a href="texinfo.html#Top">Overview of Texinfo</a>. (After following this link, type +<kbd>l</kbd> to get back to this node.) Here the name ‘<samp><span class="samp">texinfo</span></samp>’ +between parentheses refers to the file name. This file name appears +in cross references and node names if it differs from the current +file, so you can always know that you are going to be switching to +another manual and which one. + + <p>However, Emacs normally hides some other text in cross-references. +If you put your mouse over the cross reference, then the information +appearing in a separate box (tool tip) or in the echo area will show +the full cross-reference including the file name and the node name of +the cross reference. If you have a mouse, just leave it over the +cross reference See <a href="texinfo.html#Top">Overview of Texinfo</a>, and watch what happens. If you +always like to have that information visible without having to move +your mouse over the cross reference, use <kbd>M-x visible-mode</kbd>, or +set <code>Info-hide-note-references</code> to a value other than <code>t</code> +(see <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a>). <pre class="format">>> Now type <kbd>n</kbd> to learn more commands. </pre> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help_002dInt"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dQ">Help-Q</a>, +<a name="Help-Int"></a> +<a name="Help_002dInt"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Help_002dQ">Help-Q</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Help_002dXref">Help-Xref</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> @@ -785,32 +806,39 @@ This allows Info readers to go to the exact line of an entry, not just the start of the containing node.) <p>You can get to the index from the main menu of the file with the -<kbd>m</kbd> command; then you can use the <kbd>m</kbd> command again in the -index node to go to the node that describes the topic you want. +<kbd>m</kbd> command and the name of the index node; then you can use the +<kbd>m</kbd> command again in the index node to go to the node that +describes the topic you want. <p>There is also a short-cut Info command, <kbd>i</kbd>, which does all of that for you. It searches the index for a given topic (a string) and goes to the node which is listed in the index for that topic. -See <a href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a>, for a full explanation. +See <a href="#Search-Index">Search Index</a>, for a full explanation. - <p><a name="index-l-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-37"></a><a name="index-Info_002dlast-38"></a><a name="index-going-back-in-Info-mode-39"></a> If you have been moving around to different nodes and wish to + <p><a name="index-l-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-37"></a><a name="index-Info_002dhistory_002dback-38"></a><a name="index-going-back-in-Info-history-39"></a> If you have been moving around to different nodes and wish to retrace your steps, the <kbd>l</kbd> command (<kbd>l</kbd> for <dfn>last</dfn>) will do that, one node-step at a time. As you move from node to node, Info records the nodes where you have been in a special history list. The <kbd>l</kbd> command revisits nodes in the history list; each successive <kbd>l</kbd> command moves one step back through the history. - <p>In Emacs, <kbd>l</kbd> runs the command <code>Info-last</code>. - <pre class="format">>> Try typing <kbd>p p n</kbd> and then three <kbd>l</kbd>'s, pausing in between to see what each <kbd>l</kbd> does. You should wind up right back here. </pre> <p>Note the difference between <kbd>l</kbd> and <kbd>p</kbd>: <kbd>l</kbd> moves to where <em>you</em> last were, whereas <kbd>p</kbd> always moves to the node -which the header says is the <span class="samp">Previous</span> node (from this node, the -<span class="samp">Prev</span> link leads to <span class="samp">Help-Xref</span>). +which the header says is the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’ node (from this node, the +‘<samp><span class="samp">Prev</span></samp>’ link leads to ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help-Xref</span></samp>’). - <p><a name="index-d-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-40"></a><a name="index-Info_002ddirectory-41"></a><a name="index-go-to-Directory-node-42"></a> The <kbd>d</kbd> command (<code>Info-directory</code> in Emacs) gets you + <p><a name="index-r-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-40"></a><a name="index-Info_002dhistory_002dforward-41"></a><a name="index-going-forward-in-Info-history-42"></a> You can use the <kbd>r</kbd> command (<code>Info-history-forward</code> in Emacs) +to revisit nodes in the history list in the forward direction, so that +<kbd>r</kbd> will return you to the node you came from by typing <kbd>l</kbd>. + + <p><a name="index-L-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-43"></a><a name="index-Info_002dhistory-44"></a><a name="index-history-list-of-visited-nodes-45"></a> The <kbd>L</kbd> command (<code>Info-history</code> in Emacs) creates a virtual +node that contains a list of all nodes you visited. You can select +a previously visited node from this menu to revisit it. + + <p><a name="index-d-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-46"></a><a name="index-Info_002ddirectory-47"></a><a name="index-go-to-Directory-node-48"></a> The <kbd>d</kbd> command (<code>Info-directory</code> in Emacs) gets you instantly to the Directory node. This node, which is the first one you saw when you entered Info, has a menu which leads (directly or indirectly, through other menus), to all the nodes that exist. The @@ -820,102 +848,232 @@ are, or could be, installed on your system. <pre class="format">>> Try doing a <kbd>d</kbd>, then do an <kbd>l</kbd> to return here (yes, <em>do</em> return). </pre> - <p><a name="index-t-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-43"></a><a name="index-Info_002dtop_002dnode-44"></a><a name="index-go-to-Top-node-45"></a> The <kbd>t</kbd> command moves to the <span class="samp">Top</span> node of the manual. + <p><a name="index-t-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-49"></a><a name="index-Info_002dtop_002dnode-50"></a><a name="index-go-to-Top-node-51"></a> The <kbd>t</kbd> command moves to the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Top</span></samp>’ node of the manual. This is useful if you want to browse the manual's main menu, or select some specific top-level menu item. The Emacs command run by <kbd>t</kbd> is <code>Info-top-node</code>. - <p>Clicking <kbd>Mouse-2</kbd> on or near a cross reference also follows the -reference. You can see that the cross reference is mouse-sensitive by -moving the mouse pointer to the reference and watching how the -underlying text and the mouse pointer change in response. - <pre class="format">>> Now type <kbd>n</kbd> to see the last node of the course. </pre> - <p>See <a href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a>, for more advanced Info features. + <p>See <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a>, for more advanced Info features. <!-- If a menu appears at the end of this node, remove it. --> <!-- It is an accident of the menu updating command. --> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Expert-Info"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Creating-an-Info-File">Creating an Info File</a>, +<a name="Help-Q"></a> +<a name="Help_002dQ"></a> +Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a>, +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> + +</div> + +<!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> +<h3 class="section">1.9 Quitting Info</h3> + +<p><a name="index-q-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-52"></a><a name="index-Info_002dexit-53"></a><a name="index-quitting-Info-mode-54"></a> To get out of Info, back to what you were doing before, type <kbd>q</kbd> +for <dfn>Quit</dfn>. This runs <code>Info-exit</code> in Emacs. + + <p>This is the end of the basic course on using Info. You have learned +how to move in an Info document, and how to follow menus and cross +references. This makes you ready for reading manuals top to bottom, +as new users should do when they learn a new package. + + <p>Another set of Info commands is useful when you need to find +something quickly in a manual—that is, when you need to use a manual +as a reference rather than as a tutorial. We urge you to learn +these search commands as well. If you want to do that now, follow this +cross reference to <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a>. + + <p>Yet another set of commands are meant for experienced users; you can +find them by looking in the Directory node for documentation on Info. +Finding them will be a good exercise in using Info in the usual +manner. + +<pre class="format">>> Type <kbd>d</kbd> to go to the Info directory node; then type + <kbd>mInfo</kbd> and Return, to get to the node about Info and + see what other help is available. +</pre> + <div class="node"> +<p><hr> +<a name="Advanced"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> -<br> + </div> -<h2 class="chapter">2 Info for Experts</h2> +<h2 class="chapter">2 Advanced Info Commands</h2> -<p>This chapter describes various Info commands for experts. (If you +<p>This chapter describes various advanced Info commands. (If you are using a stand-alone Info reader, there are additional commands -specific to it, which are documented in several chapters of <a href="info-stnd.html#Top">GNU Info (GNU Info)</a>.) +specific to it, which are documented in several chapters of <a href="info-stnd.html#Top">GNU Info</a>.) - <p>This chapter also explains how to write an Info as distinct from a -Texinfo file. (However, in most cases, writing a Texinfo file is -better, since you can use it to make a printed manual or produce other -formats, such as HTML and DocBook, as well as for generating Info -files.) See <a href="texinfo.html#Top">Overview of Texinfo (Texinfo: The GNU Documentation Format)</a>. + <p><a name="index-C_002dq-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-55"></a> One advanced command useful with most of the others described here +is <kbd>C-q</kbd>, which “quotes” the next character so that it is +entered literally (see <a href="emacs.html#Inserting-Text">Inserting Text</a>). For example, pressing <kbd>?</kbd> ordinarily brings up a list +of completion possibilities. If you want to (for example) search for +an actual ‘<samp><span class="samp">?</span></samp>’ character, the simplest way is to insert it using +<kbd>C-q ?</kbd>. This works the same in Emacs and stand-alone Info. <ul class="menu"> -<li><a accesskey="1" href="#Advanced">Advanced</a>: Advanced Info commands: g, e, and 1 - 9. -<li><a accesskey="2" href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a>: How to search Info documents for specific subjects. -<li><a accesskey="3" href="#Add">Add</a>: Describes how to add new nodes to the hierarchy. - Also tells what nodes look like. -<li><a accesskey="4" href="#Menus">Menus</a>: How to add to or create menus in Info nodes. -<li><a accesskey="5" href="#Cross_002drefs">Cross-refs</a>: How to add cross-references to Info nodes. -<li><a accesskey="6" href="#Tags">Tags</a>: How to make tags tables for Info files. -<li><a accesskey="7" href="#Checking">Checking</a>: Checking an Info File -<li><a accesskey="8" href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a>: Variables modifying the behavior of Emacs Info. +<li><a accesskey="1" href="#Search-Text">Search Text</a>: How to search Info documents. +<li><a accesskey="2" href="#Search-Index">Search Index</a>: How to search the indices for specific subjects. +<li><a accesskey="3" href="#Go-to-node">Go to node</a>: How to go to a node by name. +<li><a accesskey="4" href="#Choose-menu-subtopic">Choose menu subtopic</a>: How to choose a menu subtopic by its number. +<li><a accesskey="5" href="#Create-Info-buffer">Create Info buffer</a>: How to create a new Info buffer in Emacs. +<li><a accesskey="6" href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a>: Variables modifying the behavior of Emacs Info. </ul> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Advanced"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a>, -Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a> -<br> +<a name="Search-Text"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Search-Index">Search Index</a>, +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Advanced">Advanced</a> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> -<h3 class="section">2.1 Advanced Info Commands</h3> +<h3 class="section">2.1 <kbd>s</kbd> searches Info documents</h3> + +<p><a name="index-searching-Info-documents-56"></a><a name="index-Info-document-as-a-reference-57"></a> The commands which move between and inside nodes allow you to read +the entire manual or its large portions. But what if you need to find +some information in the manual as fast as you can, and you don't know +or don't remember in what node to look for it? This need arises when +you use a manual as a <dfn>reference</dfn>, or when it is impractical to +read the entire manual before you start using the programs it +describes. -<p>Here are some more Info commands that make it easier to move around. + <p>Info has powerful searching facilities that let you find things +quickly. You can search either the manual text or its indices. -<h4 class="subheading"><kbd>g</kbd> goes to a node by name</h4> + <p><a name="index-s-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-58"></a><a name="index-Info_002dsearch-59"></a> The <kbd>s</kbd> command allows you to search a whole Info file for a string. +It switches to the next node if and when that is necessary. You +type <kbd>s</kbd> followed by the string to search for, terminated by +<RET>. To search for the same string again, just <kbd>s</kbd> followed +by <RET> will do. The file's nodes are scanned in the order +they are in the file, which has no necessary relationship to the +order that they may be in the tree structure of menus and ‘<samp><span class="samp">next</span></samp>’ +pointers. But normally the two orders are not very different. In any +case, you can always look at the mode line to find out what node you have +reached, if the header is not visible (this can happen, because <kbd>s</kbd> +puts your cursor at the occurrence of the string, not at the beginning +of the node). -<p><a name="index-g-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-46"></a><a name="index-Info_002dgoto_002dnode-47"></a><a name="index-go-to-a-node-by-name-48"></a> If you know a node's name, you can go there by typing <kbd>g</kbd>, the + <p><a name="index-M_002ds-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-60"></a> In Emacs, <kbd>Meta-s</kbd> is equivalent to <kbd>s</kbd>. That is for +compatibility with other GNU packages that use <kbd>M-s</kbd> for a similar +kind of search command. Both <kbd>s</kbd> and <kbd>M-s</kbd> run in Emacs the +command <code>Info-search</code>. + + <p><a name="index-C_002ds-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-61"></a><a name="index-C_002dr-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-62"></a><a name="index-isearch-63"></a> Instead of using <kbd>s</kbd> in Emacs Info and in the stand-alone Info, +you can use an incremental search started with <kbd>C-s</kbd> or <kbd>C-r</kbd>. +It can search through multiple Info nodes. See <a href="emacs.html#Incremental-Search">Incremental Search</a>. In Emacs, you can disable this behavior +by setting the variable <code>Info-isearch-search</code> to <code>nil</code> +(see <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a>). + +<div class="node"> +<p><hr> +<a name="Search-Index"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Go-to-node">Go to node</a>, +Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Search-Text">Search Text</a>, +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Advanced">Advanced</a> + +</div> + +<!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> +<h3 class="section">2.2 <kbd>i</kbd> searches the indices for specific subjects</h3> + +<p><a name="index-searching-Info-indices-64"></a><a name="index-i-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-65"></a><a name="index-Info_002dindex-66"></a> Since most topics in the manual should be indexed, you should try +the index search first before the text search. The <kbd>i</kbd> command +prompts you for a subject and then looks up that subject in the +indices. If it finds an index entry with the subject you typed, it +goes to the node to which that index entry points. You should browse +through that node to see whether the issue you are looking for is +described there. If it isn't, type <kbd>,</kbd> one or more times to go +through additional index entries which match your subject. + + <p>The <kbd>i</kbd> command and subsequent <kbd>,</kbd> commands find all index +entries which include the string you typed <em>as a substring</em>. +For each match, Info shows in the echo area the full index entry it +found. Often, the text of the full index entry already gives you +enough information to decide whether it is relevant to what you are +looking for, so we recommend that you read what Info shows in the echo +area before looking at the node it displays. + + <p>Since <kbd>i</kbd> looks for a substring, you can search for subjects even +if you are not sure how they are spelled in the index. For example, +suppose you want to find something that is pertinent to commands which +complete partial input (e.g., when you type <TAB>). If you want +to catch index entries that refer to “complete,” “completion,” and +“completing,” you could type <kbd>icomplet<RET></kbd>. + + <p>Info documents which describe programs should index the commands, +options, and key sequences that the program provides. If you are +looking for a description of a command, an option, or a key, just type +their names when <kbd>i</kbd> prompts you for a topic. For example, if you +want to read the description of what the <kbd>C-l</kbd> key does, type +<kbd>iC-l<RET></kbd> literally. + + <p><a name="index-info_002dapropos-67"></a><a name="index-index_002dapropos-68"></a>If you aren't sure which manual documents the topic you are looking +for, try the <kbd>M-x info-apropos</kbd> command in Emacs, or the <kbd>M-x +index-apropos</kbd> command in the stand-alone reader. It prompts for +a string and then looks up that string in all the indices of all the +Info documents installed on your system. + +<div class="node"> +<p><hr> +<a name="Go-to-node"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Choose-menu-subtopic">Choose menu subtopic</a>, +Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Search-Index">Search Index</a>, +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Advanced">Advanced</a> + +</div> + +<!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> +<h3 class="section">2.3 <kbd>g</kbd> goes to a node by name</h3> + +<p><a name="index-g-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-69"></a><a name="index-Info_002dgoto_002dnode-70"></a><a name="index-go-to-a-node-by-name-71"></a> If you know a node's name, you can go there by typing <kbd>g</kbd>, the name, and <RET>. Thus, <kbd>gTop<RET></kbd> would go to the node -called <span class="samp">Top</span> in this file. (This is equivalent to <kbd>t</kbd>, see -<a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a>.) <kbd>gAdvanced<RET></kbd> would come back here. -<kbd>g</kbd> in Emacs runs the command <code>Info-goto-node</code>. +called ‘<samp><span class="samp">Top</span></samp>’ in this file. (This is equivalent to <kbd>t</kbd>, see +<a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a>.) <kbd>gGo to node<RET></kbd> would come back here. <p>Unlike <kbd>m</kbd>, <kbd>g</kbd> does not allow the use of abbreviations. But it does allow completion, so you can type <TAB> to complete a partial node name. - <p><a name="index-go-to-another-Info-file-49"></a> To go to a node in another file, you can include the file name in the + <p><a name="index-go-to-another-Info-file-72"></a> To go to a node in another file, you can include the file name in the node name by putting it at the front, in parentheses. Thus, <kbd>g(dir)Top<RET></kbd> would go to the Info Directory node, which is -the node <span class="samp">Top</span> in the Info file <span class="file">dir</span>. Likewise, +the node ‘<samp><span class="samp">Top</span></samp>’ in the Info file <samp><span class="file">dir</span></samp>. Likewise, <kbd>g(emacs)Top<RET></kbd> goes to the top node of the Emacs manual. - <p>The node name <span class="samp">*</span> specifies the whole file. So you can look at + <p>The node name ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’ specifies the whole file. So you can look at all of the current file by typing <kbd>g*<RET></kbd> or all of any -other file with <kbd>g(</kbd><var>filename</var><kbd>)<RET></kbd>. +other file with <kbd>g(</kbd><var>filename</var><kbd>)*<RET></kbd>. -<h4 class="subheading"><kbd>1</kbd> – <kbd>9</kbd> choose a menu subtopic by its number</h4> +<div class="node"> +<p><hr> +<a name="Choose-menu-subtopic"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Create-Info-buffer">Create Info buffer</a>, +Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Go-to-node">Go to node</a>, +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Advanced">Advanced</a> + +</div> + +<!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> +<h3 class="section">2.4 <kbd>1</kbd>–<kbd>9</kbd> choose a menu subtopic by its number</h3> -<p><a name="index-1-_0040r_007bthrough_007d-9-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-50"></a><a name="index-Info_002dnth_002dmenu_002ditem-51"></a><a name="index-select-_0040var_007bn_007d_0027th-menu-item-52"></a> If you begrudge each character of type-in which your system requires, +<p><a name="index-g_t1-_0040r_007bthrough_007d-9-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-73"></a><a name="index-Info_002dnth_002dmenu_002ditem-74"></a><a name="index-select-_0040var_007bn_007d_0027th-menu-item-75"></a> If you begrudge each character of type-in which your system requires, you might like to use the commands <kbd>1</kbd>, <kbd>2</kbd>, <kbd>3</kbd>, <kbd>4</kbd>, <small class="dots">...</small>, <kbd>9</kbd>. They are short for the <kbd>m</kbd> command together with a name of a menu subtopic. <kbd>1</kbd> goes through the first item in the current node's menu; <kbd>2</kbd> goes through the second item, etc. In the stand-alone reader, <kbd>0</kbd> goes through the last menu item; -this is so you need not count how many entries are there. In Emacs, -the digit keys run the command <code>Info-nth-menu-item</code>. +this is so you need not count how many entries are there. <p>If your display supports multiple fonts, colors or underlining, and you are using Emacs' Info mode to read Info files, the third, sixth -and ninth menu items have a <span class="samp">*</span> that stands out, either in color +and ninth menu items have a ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’ that stands out, either in color or in some other attribute, such as underline; this makes it easy to see at a glance which number to use for an item. @@ -924,22 +1082,20 @@ underlining. If you need to actually count items, it is better to use <kbd>m</kbd> instead, and specify the name, or use <TAB> to quickly move between menu items. -<h4 class="subheading"><kbd>e</kbd> makes Info document editable</h4> - -<p><a name="index-e-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-53"></a><a name="index-Info_002dedit-54"></a><a name="index-edit-Info-document-55"></a> The Info command <kbd>e</kbd> changes from Info mode to an ordinary -Emacs editing mode, so that you can edit the text of the current node. -Type <kbd>C-c C-c</kbd> to switch back to Info. The <kbd>e</kbd> command is allowed -only if the variable <code>Info-enable-edit</code> is non-<code>nil</code>. +<div class="node"> +<p><hr> +<a name="Create-Info-buffer"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a>, +Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Choose-menu-subtopic">Choose menu subtopic</a>, +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Advanced">Advanced</a> - <p>The <kbd>e</kbd> command only works in Emacs, where it runs the command -<code>Info-edit</code>. The stand-alone Info reader doesn't allow you to -edit the Info file, so typing <kbd>e</kbd> there goes to the end of the -current node. +</div> -<h4 class="subheading"><kbd>M-n</kbd> creates a new independent Info buffer in Emacs</h4> +<!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> +<h3 class="section">2.5 <kbd>M-n</kbd> creates a new independent Info buffer in Emacs</h3> -<p><a name="index-M_002dn-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-56"></a><a name="index-clone_002dbuffer-57"></a><a name="index-multiple-Info-buffers-58"></a> If you are reading Info in Emacs, you can select a new independent -Info buffer in another window by typing <kbd>M-n</kbd>. The new buffer +<p><a name="index-M_002dn-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-76"></a><a name="index-clone_002dbuffer-77"></a><a name="index-multiple-Info-buffers-78"></a> If you are reading Info in Emacs, you can select a new independent +Info buffer in a new Emacs window by typing <kbd>M-n</kbd>. The new buffer starts out as an exact copy of the old one, but you will be able to move independently between nodes in the two buffers. (In Info mode, <kbd>M-n</kbd> runs the Emacs command <code>clone-buffer</code>.) @@ -950,96 +1106,138 @@ m</kbd> and <kbd>C-u g</kbd> go to a new node in exactly the same way that <kbd>m</kbd> and <kbd>g</kbd> do, but they do so in a new Info buffer which they select in another window. + <p>Another way to produce new Info buffers in Emacs is to use a numeric +prefix argument for the <kbd>C-h i</kbd> command (<code>info</code>) which +switches to the Info buffer with that number. Thus, <kbd>C-u 2 C-h i</kbd> +switches to the buffer ‘<samp><span class="samp">*info*<2></span></samp>’, creating it if necessary. + <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Info-Search"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Add">Add</a>, -Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Advanced">Advanced</a>, -Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a> -<br> +<a name="Emacs-Info-Variables"></a> +Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Create-Info-buffer">Create Info buffer</a>, +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Advanced">Advanced</a> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> -<h3 class="section">2.2 How to search Info documents for specific subjects</h3> +<h3 class="section">2.6 Emacs Info-mode Variables</h3> -<p><a name="index-searching-Info-documents-59"></a><a name="index-Info-document-as-a-reference-60"></a> The commands which move between and inside nodes allow you to read -the entire manual or its large portions. But what if you need to find -some information in the manual as fast as you can, and you don't know -or don't remember in what node to look for it? This need arises when -you use a manual as a <dfn>reference</dfn>, or when it is impractical to -read the entire manual before you start using the programs it -describes. +<p>The following variables may modify the behavior of Info-mode in Emacs; +you may wish to set one or several of these variables interactively, +or in your init file. See <a href="emacs.html#Examining">Examining and Setting Variables</a>. The stand-alone Info reader program has its own set of +variables, described in <a href="info-stnd.html#Variables">Manipulating Variables</a>. - <p>Info has powerful searching facilities that let you find things -quickly. You can search either the manual indices or its text. + <dl> +<dt><code>Info-directory-list</code><a name="index-Info_002ddirectory_002dlist-79"></a><dd>The list of directories to search for Info files. Each element is a +string (directory name) or <code>nil</code> (try default directory). If not +initialized Info uses the environment variable <samp><span class="env">INFOPATH</span></samp> to +initialize it, or <code>Info-default-directory-list</code> if there is no +<samp><span class="env">INFOPATH</span></samp> variable in the environment. - <p><a name="index-i-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-61"></a><a name="index-Info_002dindex-62"></a> Since most subjects related to what the manual describes should be -indexed, you should try the index search first. The <kbd>i</kbd> command -prompts you for a subject and then looks up that subject in the -indices. If it finds an index entry with the subject you typed, it -goes to the node to which that index entry points. You should browse -through that node to see whether the issue you are looking for is -described there. If it isn't, type <kbd>,</kbd> one or more times to go -through additional index entries which match your subject. + <p>If you wish to customize the Info directory search list for both Emacs +Info and stand-alone Info, it is best to set the <samp><span class="env">INFOPATH</span></samp> +environment variable, since that applies to both programs. - <p>The <kbd>i</kbd> command finds all index entries which include the string -you typed <em>as a substring</em>. For each match, Info shows in the -echo area the full index entry it found. Often, the text of the full -index entry already gives you enough information to decide whether it -is relevant to what you are looking for, so we recommend that you read -what Emacs shows in the echo area before looking at the node it -displays. + <br><dt><code>Info-additional-directory-list</code><a name="index-Info_002dadditional_002ddirectory_002dlist-80"></a><dd>A list of additional directories to search for Info documentation files. +These directories are not searched for merging the <samp><span class="file">dir</span></samp> file. - <p>Since <kbd>i</kbd> looks for a substring, you can search for subjects even -if you are not sure how they are spelled in the index. For example, -suppose you want to find something that is pertinent to commands which -complete partial input (e.g., when you type <TAB>). If you want -to catch index entries that refer to “complete”, “completion”, and -“completing”, you could type <kbd>icomplet<RET></kbd>. + <br><dt><code>Info-mode-hook</code><a name="index-Info_002dmode_002dhook-81"></a><dd>Hooks run when <code>Info-mode</code> is called. By default, it contains +the hook <code>turn-on-font-lock</code> which enables highlighting of Info +files. You can change how the highlighting looks by customizing the +faces <code>info-node</code>, <code>info-xref</code>, <code>info-xref-visited</code>, +<code>info-header-xref</code>, <code>info-header-node</code>, <code>info-menu-header</code>, +<code>info-menu-star</code>, and <code>info-title-</code><var>n</var> (where <var>n</var> +is the level of the section, a number between 1 and 4). To customize +a face, type <kbd>M-x customize-face <RET> </kbd><var>face</var><kbd> <RET></kbd>, +where <var>face</var> is one of the face names listed here. - <p>Info documents which describe programs should index the commands, -options, and key sequences that the program provides. If you are -looking for a description of a command, an option, or a key, just type -their names when <kbd>i</kbd> prompts you for a topic. For example, if you -want to read the description of what the <kbd>C-f</kbd> key does, type -<kbd>i C - f <RET></kbd>. Here <kbd>C-f</kbd> are 3 literal characters -<span class="samp">C</span>, <span class="samp">-</span>, and <span class="samp">f</span>, not the “Control-f” command key -you type inside Emacs to run the command bound to <kbd>C-f</kbd>. + <br><dt><code>Info-fontify-maximum-menu-size</code><a name="index-Info_002dfontify_002dmaximum_002dmenu_002dsize-82"></a><dd>Maximum size of menu to fontify if <code>font-lock-mode</code> is non-<code>nil</code>. - <p>In Emacs, <kbd>i</kbd> runs the command <code>Info-index</code>. + <br><dt><code>Info-fontify-visited-nodes</code><a name="index-Info_002dfontify_002dvisited_002dnodes-83"></a><dd>If non-<code>nil</code>, menu items and cross-references pointing to visited +nodes are displayed in the <code>info-xref-visited</code> face. - <p><a name="index-info_002dapropos-63"></a>If you don't know what manual documents something, try the <kbd>M-x -info-apropos</kbd> command. It prompts for a string and then looks up that -string in all the indices of all the Info documents installed on your -system. + <br><dt><code>Info-use-header-line</code><a name="index-Info_002duse_002dheader_002dline-84"></a><dd>If non-<code>nil</code>, Emacs puts in the Info buffer a header line showing +the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">Prev</span></samp>’, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ links. A header line does +not scroll with the rest of the buffer, making these links always +visible. - <p><a name="index-s-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-64"></a><a name="index-Info_002dsearch-65"></a> The <kbd>s</kbd> command allows you to search a whole file for a string. -It switches to the next node if and when that is necessary. You -type <kbd>s</kbd> followed by the string to search for, terminated by -<RET>. To search for the same string again, just <kbd>s</kbd> followed -by <RET> will do. The file's nodes are scanned in the order -they are in in the file, which has no necessary relationship to the -order that they may be in the tree structure of menus and <span class="samp">next</span> -pointers. But normally the two orders are not very different. In any -case, you can always do a <kbd>b</kbd> to find out what node you have -reached, if the header is not visible (this can happen, because <kbd>s</kbd> -puts your cursor at the occurrence of the string, not at the beginning -of the node). + <br><dt><code>Info-hide-note-references</code><a name="index-Info_002dhide_002dnote_002dreferences-85"></a><dd>As explained in earlier nodes, the Emacs version of Info normally +hides some text in menus and cross-references. You can completely +disable this feature, by setting this option to <code>nil</code>. Setting +it to a value that is neither <code>nil</code> nor <code>t</code> produces an +intermediate behavior, hiding a limited amount of text, but showing +all text that could potentially be useful. - <p><a name="index-M_002ds-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-66"></a> In Emacs, <kbd>Meta-s</kbd> is equivalent to <kbd>s</kbd>. That is for -compatibility with other GNU packages that use <kbd>M-s</kbd> for a similar -kind of search command. Both <kbd>s</kbd> and <kbd>M-s</kbd> run in Emacs the -command <code>Info-search</code>. + <br><dt><code>Info-scroll-prefer-subnodes</code><a name="index-Info_002dscroll_002dprefer_002dsubnodes-86"></a><dd>If set to a non-<code>nil</code> value, <SPC> and <BACKSPACE> (or +<DEL>) keys in a menu visit subnodes of the current node before +scrolling to its end or beginning, respectively. For example, if the +node's menu appears on the screen, the next <SPC> moves to a +subnode indicated by the following menu item. Setting this option to +<code>nil</code> results in behavior similar to the stand-alone Info reader +program, which visits the first subnode from the menu only when you +hit the end of the current node. The default is <code>nil</code>. + + <br><dt><code>Info-isearch-search</code><a name="index-Info_002disearch_002dsearch-87"></a><dd>If non-<code>nil</code>, isearch in Info searches through multiple nodes. + + <br><dt><code>Info-enable-active-nodes</code><a name="index-Info_002denable_002dactive_002dnodes-88"></a><dd>When set to a non-<code>nil</code> value, allows Info to execute Lisp code +associated with nodes. The Lisp code is executed when the node is +selected. The Lisp code to be executed should follow the node +delimiter (the ‘<samp><span class="samp">DEL</span></samp>’ character) and an ‘<samp><span class="samp">execute: </span></samp>’ tag, like +this: + + <pre class="example"> ^_execute: (message "This is an active node!") +</pre> + </dl> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Add"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Menus">Menus</a>, -Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a>, +<a name="Expert-Info"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Index">Index</a>, +Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Advanced">Advanced</a>, +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> + +</div> + +<h2 class="chapter">3 Info for Experts</h2> + +<p>This chapter explains how to write an Info file by hand. However, +in most cases, writing a Texinfo file is better, since you can use it +to make a printed manual or produce other formats, such as HTML and +DocBook, as well as for generating Info files. + + <p>The <code>makeinfo</code> command converts a Texinfo file into an Info file; +<code>texinfo-format-region</code> and <code>texinfo-format-buffer</code> are GNU +Emacs functions that do the same. + + <p>See <a href="texinfo.html#Top">Overview of Texinfo</a>, for how to write a Texinfo file. + + <p>See <a href="texinfo.html#Creating-an-Info-File">Creating an Info File</a>, for how to create an Info file from a Texinfo file. + + <p>See <a href="texinfo.html#Installing-an-Info-File">Installing an Info File</a>, for how to install an Info file after you +have created one. + + <p>However, if you want to edit an Info file manually and install it manually, +here is how. + +<ul class="menu"> +<li><a accesskey="1" href="#Add">Add</a>: Describes how to add new nodes to the hierarchy. + Also tells what nodes look like. +<li><a accesskey="2" href="#Menus">Menus</a>: How to add to or create menus in Info nodes. +<li><a accesskey="3" href="#Cross_002drefs">Cross-refs</a>: How to add cross-references to Info nodes. +<li><a accesskey="4" href="#Tags">Tags</a>: How to make tags tables for Info files. +<li><a accesskey="5" href="#Checking">Checking</a>: Checking an Info File. +</ul> + +<div class="node"> +<p><hr> +<a name="Add"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Menus">Menus</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> -<h3 class="section">2.3 Adding a new node to Info</h3> +<h3 class="section">3.1 Adding a new node to Info</h3> <p>To add a new topic to the list in the Info directory, you must: @@ -1048,26 +1246,19 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a> <li>Put that topic in the menu in the directory. See <a href="#Menus">Menu</a>. </ol> - <p>Usually, the way to create the nodes is with Texinfo (see <a href="texinfo.html#Top">Overview of Texinfo (Texinfo: The GNU Documentation Format)</a>); -this has the advantage that you can also make a printed manual or HTML -from them. You would use the <span class="samp">@dircategory</span> and -<span class="samp">@direntry</span> commands to put the manual into the Info directory. -However, if you want to edit an Info file manually and install it -manually, here is how. - - <p><a name="index-node-delimiters-67"></a> The new node can live in an existing documentation file, or in a new -one. It must have a <span class="samp">^_</span> character before it (invisible to the + <p><a name="index-node-delimiters-89"></a> The new node can live in an existing documentation file, or in a new +one. It must have a ‘<samp><span class="samp">^_</span></samp>’ character before it (invisible to the user; this node has one but you cannot see it), and it ends with either -a <span class="samp">^_</span>, a <span class="samp">^L</span> (“formfeed”), or the end of file.<a rel="footnote" href="#fn-2" name="fnd-2"><sup>2</sup></a> +a ‘<samp><span class="samp">^_</span></samp>’, a ‘<samp><span class="samp">^L</span></samp>’ (“formfeed”), or the end of file.<a rel="footnote" href="#fn-2" name="fnd-2"><sup>2</sup></a> - <p>The <span class="samp">^_</span> starting a node must be followed by a newline or a -<span class="samp">^L</span> newline, after which comes the node's header line. The + <p>The ‘<samp><span class="samp">^_</span></samp>’ starting a node must be followed by a newline or a +‘<samp><span class="samp">^L</span></samp>’ newline, after which comes the node's header line. The header line must give the node's name (by which Info finds it), and -state the names of the <span class="samp">Next</span>, <span class="samp">Previous</span>, and <span class="samp">Up</span> -nodes (if there are any). As you can see, this node's <span class="samp">Up</span> node -is the node <span class="samp">Expert Info</span>. The <span class="samp">Next</span> node is <span class="samp">Menus</span>. +state the names of the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’, and ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ +nodes (if there are any). As you can see, this node's ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ node +is the node ‘<samp><span class="samp">Expert Info</span></samp>’. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’ node is ‘<samp><span class="samp">Menus</span></samp>’. - <p><a name="index-node-header-line-format-68"></a><a name="index-format-of-node-headers-69"></a> The keywords <dfn>Node</dfn>, <dfn>Next</dfn>, <dfn>Previous</dfn>, and <dfn>Up</dfn> + <p><a name="index-node-header-line-format-90"></a><a name="index-format-of-node-headers-91"></a> The keywords <dfn>Node</dfn>, <dfn>Next</dfn>, <dfn>Previous</dfn>, and <dfn>Up</dfn> may appear in any order, anywhere in the header line, but the recommended order is the one in this sentence. Each keyword must be followed by a colon, spaces and tabs, and then the appropriate name. @@ -1075,31 +1266,31 @@ The name may be terminated with a tab, a comma, or a newline. A space does not end it; node names may contain spaces. The case of letters in the names is insignificant. - <p><a name="index-node-name-format-70"></a><a name="index-Directory-node-71"></a> A node name has two forms. A node in the current file is named by -what appears after the <span class="samp">Node: </span> in that node's first line. For -example, this node's name is <span class="samp">Add</span>. A node in another file is -named by <span class="samp">(</span><var>filename</var><span class="samp">)</span><var>node-within-file</var>, as in -<span class="samp">(info)Add</span> for this node. If the file name starts with “./”, + <p><a name="index-node-name-format-92"></a><a name="index-Directory-node-93"></a> A node name has two forms. A node in the current file is named by +what appears after the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Node: </span></samp>’ in that node's first line. For +example, this node's name is ‘<samp><span class="samp">Add</span></samp>’. A node in another file is +named by ‘<samp><span class="samp">(</span><var>filename</var><span class="samp">)</span><var>node-within-file</var></samp>’, as in +‘<samp><span class="samp">(info)Add</span></samp>’ for this node. If the file name starts with ‘<samp><span class="samp">./</span></samp>’, then it is relative to the current directory; otherwise, it is relative starting from the standard directory for Info files of your -site. The name <span class="samp">(</span><var>filename</var><span class="samp">)Top</span> can be abbreviated to just -<span class="samp">(</span><var>filename</var><span class="samp">)</span>. By convention, the name <span class="samp">Top</span> is used -for the “highest” node in any single file—the node whose <span class="samp">Up</span> -points out of the file. The <span class="samp">Directory</span> node is <span class="file">(dir)</span>, it -points to a file <span class="file">dir</span> which holds a large menu listing all the -Info documents installed on your site. The <span class="samp">Top</span> node of a -document file listed in the <span class="samp">Directory</span> should have an <span class="samp">Up: -(dir)</span> in it. - - <p><a name="index-unstructured-documents-72"></a> The node name <kbd>*</kbd> is special: it refers to the entire file. +site. The name ‘<samp><span class="samp">(</span><var>filename</var><span class="samp">)Top</span></samp>’ can be abbreviated to just +‘<samp><span class="samp">(</span><var>filename</var><span class="samp">)</span></samp>’. By convention, the name ‘<samp><span class="samp">Top</span></samp>’ is used +for the “highest” node in any single file—the node whose ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ +points out of the file. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">Directory</span></samp>’ node is <samp><span class="file">(dir)</span></samp>, it +points to a file <samp><span class="file">dir</span></samp> which holds a large menu listing all the +Info documents installed on your site. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">Top</span></samp>’ node of a +document file listed in the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Directory</span></samp>’ should have an ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up: +(dir)</span></samp>’ in it. + + <p><a name="index-unstructured-documents-94"></a> The node name <kbd>*</kbd> is special: it refers to the entire file. Thus, <kbd>g*</kbd> shows you the whole current file. The use of the node <kbd>*</kbd> is to make it possible to make old-fashioned, unstructured files into nodes of the tree. - <p>The <span class="samp">Node:</span> name, in which a node states its own name, must not + <p>The ‘<samp><span class="samp">Node:</span></samp>’ name, in which a node states its own name, must not contain a file name, since when Info searches for a node, it does not -expect a file name to be there. The <span class="samp">Next</span>, <span class="samp">Previous</span> and -<span class="samp">Up</span> names may contain them. In this node, since the <span class="samp">Up</span> +expect a file name to be there. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’ and +‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ names may contain them. In this node, since the ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ node is in the same file, it was not necessary to use one. <p>Note that the nodes in this file have a file name in the header @@ -1108,31 +1299,32 @@ to help identify the node for the user. <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Menus"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Cross_002drefs">Cross-refs</a>, +<a name="Menus"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Cross_002drefs">Cross-refs</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Add">Add</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> -<h3 class="section">2.4 How to Create Menus</h3> +<h3 class="section">3.2 How to Create Menus</h3> <p>Any node in the Info hierarchy may have a <dfn>menu</dfn>—a list of subnodes. The <kbd>m</kbd> command searches the current node's menu for the topic which it reads from the terminal. - <p><a name="index-menu-and-menu-entry-format-73"></a> A menu begins with a line starting with <span class="samp">* Menu:</span><!-- /@w -->. The + <p><a name="index-menu-and-menu-entry-format-95"></a> A menu begins with a line starting with ‘<samp><span class="samp">* Menu:</span></samp>’<!-- /@w -->. The rest of the line is a comment. After the starting line, every line -that begins with a <span class="samp">* </span> lists a single topic. The name of the -topic–what the user must type at the <kbd>m</kbd>'s command prompt to +that begins with a ‘<samp><span class="samp">* </span></samp>’ lists a single topic. The name of the +topic—what the user must type at the <kbd>m</kbd>'s command prompt to select this topic—comes right after the star and space, and is followed by a colon, spaces and tabs, and the name of the node which discusses that topic. The node name, like node names following -<span class="samp">Next</span>, <span class="samp">Previous</span> and <span class="samp">Up</span>, may be terminated with a +‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’, may be terminated with a tab, comma, or newline; it may also be terminated with a period. <p>If the node name and topic name are the same, then rather than -giving the name twice, the abbreviation <span class="samp">* </span><var>name</var><span class="samp">::</span> may be +giving the name twice, the abbreviation ‘<samp><span class="samp">* </span><var>name</var><span class="samp">::</span></samp>’ may be used (and should be used, whenever possible, as it reduces the visual clutter in the menu). @@ -1142,47 +1334,49 @@ short abbreviations. In a long menu, it is a good idea to capitalize the beginning of each item name which is the minimum acceptable abbreviation for it (a long menu is more than 5 or so entries). - <p>The nodes listed in a node's menu are called its “subnodes”, and it -is their “superior”. They should each have an <span class="samp">Up:</span> pointing at + <p>The nodes listed in a node's menu are called its “subnodes,” and it +is their “superior”. They should each have an ‘<samp><span class="samp">Up:</span></samp>’ pointing at the superior. It is often useful to arrange all or most of the subnodes -in a sequence of <span class="samp">Next</span> and <span class="samp">Previous</span> pointers so that +in a sequence of ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’ pointers so that someone who wants to see them all need not keep revisiting the Menu. - <p>The Info Directory is simply the menu of the node <span class="samp">(dir)Top</span>—that -is, node <span class="samp">Top</span> in file <span class="file">.../info/dir</span>. You can put new entries + <p>The Info Directory is simply the menu of the node ‘<samp><span class="samp">(dir)Top</span></samp>’—that +is, node ‘<samp><span class="samp">Top</span></samp>’ in file <samp><span class="file">.../info/dir</span></samp>. You can put new entries in that menu just like any other menu. The Info Directory is <em>not</em> the -same as the file directory called <span class="file">info</span>. It happens that many of +same as the file directory called <samp><span class="file">info</span></samp>. It happens that many of Info's files live in that file directory, but they do not have to; and files in that directory are not automatically listed in the Info Directory node. - <p>Also, although the Info node graph is claimed to be a “hierarchy”, + <p>Also, although the Info node graph is claimed to be a “hierarchy,” in fact it can be <em>any</em> directed graph. Shared structures and pointer cycles are perfectly possible, and can be used if they are appropriate to the meaning to be expressed. There is no need for all the nodes in a file to form a connected structure. In fact, this file has two connected components. You are in one of them, which is under -the node <span class="samp">Top</span>; the other contains the node <span class="samp">Help</span> which the +the node ‘<samp><span class="samp">Top</span></samp>’; the other contains the node ‘<samp><span class="samp">Help</span></samp>’ which the <kbd>h</kbd> command goes to. In fact, since there is no garbage -collector, nothing terrible happens if a substructure is not pointed -to, but such a substructure is rather useless since nobody can -ever find out that it exists. +collector on the node graph, nothing terrible happens if a substructure +is not pointed to, but such a substructure is rather useless since nobody +can ever find out that it exists. <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Cross_002drefs"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Tags">Tags</a>, +<a name="Cross-refs"></a> +<a name="Cross_002drefs"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Tags">Tags</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Menus">Menus</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> -<h3 class="section">2.5 Creating Cross References</h3> +<h3 class="section">3.3 Creating Cross References</h3> -<p><a name="index-cross-reference-format-74"></a> A cross reference can be placed anywhere in the text, unlike a menu +<p><a name="index-cross-reference-format-96"></a> A cross reference can be placed anywhere in the text, unlike a menu item which must go at the front of a line. A cross reference looks -like a menu item except that it has <span class="samp">*note</span> instead of <span class="samp">*</span>. -It <em>cannot</em> be terminated by a <span class="samp">)</span>, because <span class="samp">)</span>'s are +like a menu item except that it has ‘<samp><span class="samp">*note</span></samp>’ instead of ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’. +It <em>cannot</em> be terminated by a ‘<samp><span class="samp">)</span></samp>’, because ‘<samp><span class="samp">)</span></samp>’'s are so often part of node names. If you wish to enclose a cross reference in parentheses, terminate it with a period first. Here are two examples of cross references pointers: @@ -1198,78 +1392,48 @@ really exist! <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help_002dCross"></a>Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Cross_002drefs">Cross-refs</a> -<br> +<a name="Help-Cross"></a> +<a name="Help_002dCross"></a> +Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Cross_002drefs">Cross-refs</a> + </div> -<h4 class="subsection">2.5.1 The node reached by the cross reference in Info</h4> +<h4 class="subsection">3.3.1 The node reached by the cross reference in Info</h4> -<p>This is the node reached by the cross reference named <span class="samp">Cross</span>. +<p>This is the node reached by the cross reference named ‘<samp><span class="samp">Cross</span></samp>’. <p>While this node is specifically intended to be reached by a cross reference, most cross references lead to nodes that “belong” someplace else far away in the structure of an Info document. So you -cannot expect this node to have a <span class="samp">Next</span>, <span class="samp">Previous</span> or -<span class="samp">Up</span> links pointing back to where you came from. In general, the +cannot expect this node to have a ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’ or +‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ links pointing back to where you came from. In general, the <kbd>l</kbd> (el) command is the only way to get back there. <pre class="format">>> Type <kbd>l</kbd> to return to the node where the cross reference was. </pre> <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Help_002dQ"></a>Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a>, -Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a> -<br> -</div> - -<!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> -<h3 class="section">2.6 Quitting Info</h3> - -<p><a name="index-q-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-75"></a><a name="index-Info_002dexit-76"></a><a name="index-quitting-Info-mode-77"></a> To get out of Info, back to what you were doing before, type <kbd>q</kbd> -for <dfn>Quit</dfn>. This runs <code>Info-exit</code> in Emacs. - - <p>This is the end of the basic course on using Info. You have learned -how to move in an Info document, and how to follow menus and cross -references. This makes you ready for reading manuals top to bottom, -as new users should do when they learn a new package. - - <p>Another set of Info commands is useful when you need to find -something quickly in a manual—that is, when you need to use a manual -as a reference rather than as a tutorial. We urge you to learn -these search commands as well. If you want to do that now, follow this -cross reference to <a href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a>. - - <p>Yet another set of commands are meant for experienced users; you can -find them by looking in the Directory node for documentation on Info. -Finding them will be a good exercise in using Info in the usual -manner. - -<pre class="format">>> Type <kbd>d</kbd> to go to the Info directory node; then type - <kbd>mInfo</kbd> and Return, to get to the node about Info and - see what other help is available. -</pre> - <div class="node"> -<p><hr> -<a name="Tags"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Checking">Checking</a>, +<a name="Tags"></a> +Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Checking">Checking</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Cross_002drefs">Cross-refs</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a> -<br> + </div> <!-- node-name, next, previous, up --> -<h3 class="section">2.7 Tags Tables for Info Files</h3> +<h3 class="section">3.4 Tags Tables for Info Files</h3> -<p><a name="index-tags-tables-in-info-files-78"></a> You can speed up the access to nodes of a large Info file by giving +<p><a name="index-tags-tables-in-Info-files-97"></a> You can speed up the access to nodes of a large Info file by giving it a tags table. Unlike the tags table for a program, the tags table for an Info file lives inside the file itself and is used automatically whenever Info reads in the file. - <p><a name="index-Info_002dtagify-79"></a> To make a tags table, go to a node in the file using Emacs Info mode and type + <p><a name="index-Info_002dtagify-98"></a> To make a tags table, go to a node in the file using Emacs Info mode and type <kbd>M-x Info-tagify</kbd>. Then you must use <kbd>C-x C-s</kbd> to save the file. Info files produced by the <code>makeinfo</code> command that is part of the Texinfo package always have tags tables to begin with. - <p><a name="index-stale-tags-tables-80"></a><a name="index-update-Info-tags-table-81"></a> Once the Info file has a tags table, you must make certain it is up + <p><a name="index-stale-tags-tables-99"></a><a name="index-update-Info-tags-table-100"></a> Once the Info file has a tags table, you must make certain it is up to date. If you edit an Info file directly (as opposed to editing its Texinfo source), and, as a result of deletion of text, any node moves back more than a thousand characters in the file from the position @@ -1289,130 +1453,40 @@ this: </pre> <p class="noindent">Note that it contains one line per node, and this line contains the beginning of the node's header (ending just after the node name), -a <span class="samp">DEL</span> character, and the character position in the file of the +a ‘<samp><span class="samp">DEL</span></samp>’ character, and the character position in the file of the beginning of the node. <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Checking"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a>, +<a name="Checking"></a> Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Tags">Tags</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a> -<br> + </div> -<h3 class="section">2.8 Checking an Info File</h3> +<h3 class="section">3.5 Checking an Info File</h3> <p>When creating an Info file, it is easy to forget the name of a node when you are making a pointer to it from another node. If you put in the wrong name for a node, this is not detected until someone tries to go through the pointer using Info. Verification of the Info file is an automatic process which checks all pointers to nodes and reports any -pointers which are invalid. Every <span class="samp">Next</span>, <span class="samp">Previous</span>, and -<span class="samp">Up</span> is checked, as is every menu item and every cross reference. In -addition, any <span class="samp">Next</span> which does not have a <span class="samp">Previous</span> pointing +pointers which are invalid. Every ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’, and +‘<samp><span class="samp">Up</span></samp>’ is checked, as is every menu item and every cross reference. In +addition, any ‘<samp><span class="samp">Next</span></samp>’ which does not have a ‘<samp><span class="samp">Previous</span></samp>’ pointing back is reported. Only pointers within the file are checked, because checking pointers to other files would be terribly slow. But those are usually few. - <p><a name="index-Info_002dvalidate-82"></a>To check an Info file, do <kbd>M-x Info-validate</kbd> while looking at any + <p><a name="index-Info_002dvalidate-101"></a>To check an Info file, do <kbd>M-x Info-validate</kbd> while looking at any node of the file with Emacs Info mode. <div class="node"> <p><hr> -<a name="Emacs-Info-Variables"></a>Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Checking">Checking</a>, -Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a> -<br> -</div> - -<h3 class="section">2.9 Emacs Info-mode Variables</h3> - -<p>The following variables may modify the behavior of Info-mode in Emacs; -you may wish to set one or several of these variables interactively, or -in your <span class="file">~/.emacs</span> init file. See <a href="emacs.html#Examining">Examining and Setting Variables (The GNU Emacs Manual)</a>. The stand-alone Info reader program has its own set of -variables, described in <a href="info-stnd.html#Variables">Manipulating Variables (GNU Info)</a>. - - <dl> -<dt><code>Info-directory-list</code><a name="index-Info_002ddirectory_002dlist-83"></a><dd>The list of directories to search for Info files. Each element is a -string (directory name) or <code>nil</code> (try default directory). If not -initialized Info uses the environment variable <span class="env">INFOPATH</span> to -initialize it, or <code>Info-default-directory-list</code> if there is no -<span class="env">INFOPATH</span> variable in the environment. - - <p>If you wish to customize the Info directory search list for both Emacs -info and stand-alone Info, it is best to set the <span class="env">INFOPATH</span> -environment variable, since that applies to both programs. - - <br><dt><code>Info-additional-directory-list</code><a name="index-Info_002dadditional_002ddirectory_002dlist-84"></a><dd>A list of additional directories to search for Info documentation files. -These directories are not searched for merging the <span class="file">dir</span> file. - - <br><dt><code>Info-fontify</code><a name="index-Info_002dfontify-85"></a><dd>When set to a non-<code>nil</code> value, enables highlighting of Info -files. The default is <code>t</code>. You can change how the highlighting -looks by customizing the faces <code>info-node</code>, <code>info-xref</code>, -<code>info-header-xref</code>, <code>info-header-node</code>, <code>info-menu-5</code>, -<code>info-menu-header</code>, and <code>info-title-</code><var>n</var><code>-face</code> (where -<var>n</var> is the level of the section, a number between 1 and 4). To -customize a face, type <kbd>M-x customize-face <RET> </kbd><var>face</var><kbd> -<RET></kbd>, where <var>face</var> is one of the face names listed here. - - <br><dt><code>Info-use-header-line</code><a name="index-Info_002duse_002dheader_002dline-86"></a><dd>If non-<code>nil</code>, Emacs puts in the Info buffer a header line showing -the <span class="samp">Next</span>, <span class="samp">Prev</span>, and <span class="samp">Up</span> links. A header line does -not scroll with the rest of the buffer, making these links always -visible. - - <br><dt><code>Info-hide-note-references</code><a name="index-Info_002dhide_002dnote_002dreferences-87"></a><dd>As explained in earlier nodes, the Emacs version of Info normally -hides some text in menus and cross-references. You can completely -disable this feature, by setting this option to <code>nil</code>. Setting -it to a value that is neither <code>nil</code> nor <code>t</code> produces an -intermediate behavior, hiding a limited amount of text, but showing -all text that could potentially be useful. - - <br><dt><code>Info-scroll-prefer-subnodes</code><a name="index-Info_002dscroll_002dprefer_002dsubnodes-88"></a><dd>If set to a non-<code>nil</code> value, <SPC> and <BACKSPACE> (or -<DEL>) keys in a menu visit subnodes of the current node before -scrolling to its end or beginning, respectively. For example, if the -node's menu appears on the screen, the next <SPC> moves to a -subnode indicated by the following menu item. Setting this option to -<code>nil</code> results in behavior similar to the stand-alone Info reader -program, which visits the first subnode from the menu only when you -hit the end of the current node. The default is <code>nil</code>. - - <br><dt><code>Info-enable-active-nodes</code><a name="index-Info_002denable_002dactive_002dnodes-89"></a><dd>When set to a non-<code>nil</code> value, allows Info to execute Lisp code -associated with nodes. The Lisp code is executed when the node is -selected. The Lisp code to be executed should follow the node -delimiter (the <span class="samp">DEL</span> character) and an <span class="samp">execute: </span> tag, like -this: - - <pre class="example"> ^_execute: (message "This is an active node!") - </pre> - <br><dt><code>Info-enable-edit</code><a name="index-Info_002denable_002dedit-90"></a><dd>Set to <code>nil</code>, disables the <span class="samp">e</span> (<code>Info-edit</code>) command. A -non-<code>nil</code> value enables it. See <a href="#Add">Edit</a>. -</dl> - -<div class="node"> -<p><hr> -<a name="Creating-an-Info-File"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Index">Index</a>, +<a name="Index"></a> Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Expert-Info">Expert Info</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> -<br> -</div> - -<h2 class="chapter">3 Creating an Info File from a Texinfo File</h2> -<p><code>makeinfo</code> is a utility that converts a Texinfo file into an Info -file; <code>texinfo-format-region</code> and <code>texinfo-format-buffer</code> are -GNU Emacs functions that do the same. - - <p>See <a href="texinfo.html#Top">Overview of Texinfo (Texinfo: The GNU Documentation Format)</a>, to learn how to write a Texinfo file. - - <p>See <a href="texinfo.html#Creating-an-Info-File">Creating an Info File (Texinfo: The GNU Documentation Format)</a>, to learn how to create an Info file from a Texinfo file. - - <p>See <a href="texinfo.html#Installing-an-Info-File">Installing an Info File (Texinfo: The GNU Documentation Format)</a>, to learn how to install an Info file after you -have created one. - -<div class="node"> -<p><hr> -<a name="Index"></a>Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="#Creating-an-Info-File">Creating an Info File</a>, -Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> -<br> </div> <h2 class="unnumbered">Index</h2> @@ -1421,95 +1495,106 @@ Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="#Top">Top</a> topics discussed in this document. <ul class="index-cp" compact> -<li><a href="#index-1-_0040r_007bthrough_007d-9-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-50"><code>1 </code><span class="roman">through</span><code> 9 </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-_003f-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-19"><code>? </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t1-_0040r_007bthrough_007d-9-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-73"><code>1 </code><span class="roman">through</span><code> 9 </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Choose-menu-subtopic">Choose menu subtopic</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g_t_003f-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-19"><code>? </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> <li><a href="#index-abbreviating-Info-subnodes-27">abbreviating Info subnodes</a>: <a href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a></li> <li><a href="#index-b-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-18"><code>b </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> <li><a href="#index-BACKSPACE-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-10"><code>BACKSPACE </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> <li><a href="#index-C_002dl-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-17"><code>C-l </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-clone_002dbuffer-57"><code>clone-buffer</code></a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-C_002dq-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-55"><code>C-q </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-C_002dr-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-62"><code>C-r </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Search-Text">Search Text</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-C_002ds-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-61"><code>C-s </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Search-Text">Search Text</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-clone_002dbuffer-77"><code>clone-buffer</code></a>: <a href="#Create-Info-buffer">Create Info buffer</a></li> <li><a href="#index-completion-of-Info-node-names-28">completion of Info node names</a>: <a href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-cross-reference-format-74">cross reference format</a>: <a href="#Cross_002drefs">Cross-refs</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-cross-reference-format-96">cross reference format</a>: <a href="#Cross_002drefs">Cross-refs</a></li> <li><a href="#index-cross-references-in-Info-documents-34">cross references in Info documents</a>: <a href="#Help_002dXref">Help-Xref</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-d-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-40"><code>d </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-d-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-46"><code>d </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> <li><a href="#index-DEL-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-9"><code>DEL </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Directory-node-71">Directory node</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-e-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-53"><code>e </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-edit-Info-document-55">edit Info document</a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Directory-node-93">Directory node</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> <li><a href="#index-entering-Info-2">entering Info</a>: <a href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a></li> <li><a href="#index-f-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-35"><code>f </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dXref">Help-Xref</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-format-of-node-headers-69">format of node headers</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-g-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-46"><code>g </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-go-to-a-node-by-name-48">go to a node by name</a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-go-to-another-Info-file-49">go to another Info file</a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-go-to-Directory-node-42">go to Directory node</a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-go-to-Top-node-45">go to Top node</a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-going-back-in-Info-mode-39">going back in Info mode</a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-format-of-node-headers-91">format of node headers</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-g-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-69"><code>g </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Go-to-node">Go to node</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-go-to-a-node-by-name-71">go to a node by name</a>: <a href="#Go-to-node">Go to node</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-go-to-another-Info-file-72">go to another Info file</a>: <a href="#Go-to-node">Go to node</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-go-to-Directory-node-48">go to Directory node</a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-go-to-Top-node-51">go to Top node</a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-going-back-in-Info-history-39">going back in Info history</a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-going-forward-in-Info-history-42">going forward in Info history</a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> <li><a href="#index-header-of-Info-node-5">header of Info node</a>: <a href="#Help">Help</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-i-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-61"><code>i </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info-document-as-a-reference-60">Info document as a reference</a>: <a href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-history-list-of-visited-nodes-45">history list of visited nodes</a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-i-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-65"><code>i </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Search-Index">Search Index</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-index_002dapropos-68"><code>index-apropos</code></a>: <a href="#Search-Index">Search Index</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info-document-as-a-reference-57">Info document as a reference</a>: <a href="#Search-Text">Search Text</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Info-documents-as-tutorials-14">Info documents as tutorials</a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Info-menus-24">Info menus</a>: <a href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Info-reader_002c-how-to-invoke-1">Info reader, how to invoke</a>: <a href="#Getting-Started">Getting Started</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dadditional_002ddirectory_002dlist-84"><code>Info-additional-directory-list</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-info_002dapropos-63"><code>info-apropos</code></a>: <a href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002ddirectory-41"><code>Info-directory</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002ddirectory_002dlist-83"><code>Info-directory-list</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dedit-54"><code>Info-edit</code></a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002denable_002dactive_002dnodes-89"><code>Info-enable-active-nodes</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002denable_002dedit-90"><code>Info-enable-edit</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dexit-76"><code>Info-exit</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dQ">Help-Q</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dadditional_002ddirectory_002dlist-80"><code>Info-additional-directory-list</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-info_002dapropos-67"><code>info-apropos</code></a>: <a href="#Search-Index">Search Index</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002ddirectory-47"><code>Info-directory</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002ddirectory_002dlist-79"><code>Info-directory-list</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002denable_002dactive_002dnodes-88"><code>Info-enable-active-nodes</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dexit-53"><code>Info-exit</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dQ">Help-Q</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Info_002dfollow_002dreference-36"><code>Info-follow-reference</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dXref">Help-Xref</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dfontify-85"><code>Info-fontify</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dgoto_002dnode-47"><code>Info-goto-node</code></a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dhide_002dnote_002dreferences-87"><code>Info-hide-note-references</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dindex-62"><code>Info-index</code></a>: <a href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dlast-38"><code>Info-last</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dfontify_002dmaximum_002dmenu_002dsize-82"><code>Info-fontify-maximum-menu-size</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dfontify_002dvisited_002dnodes-83"><code>Info-fontify-visited-nodes</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dgoto_002dnode-70"><code>Info-goto-node</code></a>: <a href="#Go-to-node">Go to node</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dhide_002dnote_002dreferences-85"><code>Info-hide-note-references</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dhistory-44"><code>Info-history</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dhistory_002dback-38"><code>Info-history-back</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dhistory_002dforward-41"><code>Info-history-forward</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dindex-66"><code>Info-index</code></a>: <a href="#Search-Index">Search Index</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002disearch_002dsearch-87"><code>Info-isearch-search</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Info_002dmenu-26"><code>Info-menu</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dmode_002dhook-81"><code>Info-mode-hook</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Info_002dmouse_002dfollow_002dnearest_002dnode-31"><code>Info-mouse-follow-nearest-node</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dnth_002dmenu_002ditem-51"><code>Info-nth-menu-item</code></a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dnth_002dmenu_002ditem-74"><code>Info-nth-menu-item</code></a>: <a href="#Choose-menu-subtopic">Choose menu subtopic</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Info_002dscroll_002ddown-12"><code>Info-scroll-down</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dscroll_002dprefer_002dsubnodes-88"><code>Info-scroll-prefer-subnodes</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dscroll_002dprefer_002dsubnodes-86"><code>Info-scroll-prefer-subnodes</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Info_002dscroll_002dup-11"><code>Info-scroll-up</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dsearch-65"><code>Info-search</code></a>: <a href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dsearch-59"><code>Info-search</code></a>: <a href="#Search-Text">Search Text</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Info_002dsummary-20"><code>Info-summary</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dtagify-79"><code>Info-tagify</code></a>: <a href="#Tags">Tags</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dtop_002dnode-44"><code>Info-top-node</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dtagify-98"><code>Info-tagify</code></a>: <a href="#Tags">Tags</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dtop_002dnode-50"><code>Info-top-node</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Info_002dup-33"><code>Info-up</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dFOO">Help-FOO</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002duse_002dheader_002dline-86"><code>Info-use-header-line</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-Info_002dvalidate-82"><code>Info-validate</code></a>: <a href="#Checking">Checking</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002duse_002dheader_002dline-84"><code>Info-use-header-line</code></a>: <a href="#Emacs-Info-Variables">Emacs Info Variables</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-Info_002dvalidate-101"><code>Info-validate</code></a>: <a href="#Checking">Checking</a></li> <li><a href="#index-invisible-text-in-Emacs-21">invisible text in Emacs</a>: <a href="#Help_002dInv">Help-Inv</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-isearch-63"><code>isearch</code></a>: <a href="#Search-Text">Search Text</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-L-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-43"><code>L </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> <li><a href="#index-l-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-37"><code>l </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> <li><a href="#index-m-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-25"><code>m </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-M_002dn-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-56"><code>M-n </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-M_002ds-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-66"><code>M-s </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-menu-and-menu-entry-format-73">menu and menu entry format</a>: <a href="#Menus">Menus</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-M_002dn-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-76"><code>M-n </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Create-Info-buffer">Create Info buffer</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-M_002ds-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-60"><code>M-s </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Search-Text">Search Text</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-menu-and-menu-entry-format-95">menu and menu entry format</a>: <a href="#Menus">Menus</a></li> <li><a href="#index-menus-in-an-Info-document-23">menus in an Info document</a>: <a href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a></li> <li><a href="#index-mouse-support-in-Info-mode-29">mouse support in Info mode</a>: <a href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a></li> <li><a href="#index-Mouse_002d2-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-30"><code>Mouse-2 </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dM">Help-M</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-multiple-Info-buffers-58">multiple Info buffers</a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-multiple-Info-buffers-78">multiple Info buffers</a>: <a href="#Create-Info-buffer">Create Info buffer</a></li> <li><a href="#index-n-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-6"><code>n </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help">Help</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-node-delimiters-67">node delimiters</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-node-header-line-format-68">node header line format</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-node-name-format-70">node name format</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-node-delimiters-89">node delimiters</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-node-header-line-format-90">node header line format</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-node-name-format-92">node name format</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> <li><a href="#index-node_002c-in-Info-documents-4">node, in Info documents</a>: <a href="#Help">Help</a></li> <li><a href="#index-p-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-7"><code>p </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dP">Help-P</a></li> <li><a href="#index-PAGEDOWN-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-16"><code>PAGEDOWN </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> <li><a href="#index-PAGEUP-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-15"><code>PAGEUP </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-q-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-75"><code>q </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dQ">Help-Q</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-quitting-Info-mode-77">quitting Info mode</a>: <a href="#Help_002dQ">Help-Q</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-q-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-52"><code>q </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dQ">Help-Q</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-quitting-Info-mode-54">quitting Info mode</a>: <a href="#Help_002dQ">Help-Q</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-r-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-40"><code>r </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> <li><a href="#index-reading-Info-documents-top-to-bottom-13">reading Info documents top to bottom</a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-s-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-64"><code>s </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-searching-Info-documents-59">searching Info documents</a>: <a href="#Info-Search">Info Search</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-select-_0040var_007bn_007d_0027th-menu-item-52">select <var>n</var>'th menu item</a>: <a href="#Advanced">Advanced</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-s-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-58"><code>s </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Search-Text">Search Text</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-searching-Info-documents-56">searching Info documents</a>: <a href="#Search-Text">Search Text</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-searching-Info-indices-64">searching Info indices</a>: <a href="#Search-Index">Search Index</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-select-_0040var_007bn_007d_0027th-menu-item-75">select <var>n</var>'th menu item</a>: <a href="#Choose-menu-subtopic">Choose menu subtopic</a></li> <li><a href="#index-small-screen_002c-moving-around-3">small screen, moving around</a>: <a href="#Help_002dSmall_002dScreen">Help-Small-Screen</a></li> <li><a href="#index-SPC-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-8"><code>SPC </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002d_005eL">Help-^L</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-stale-tags-tables-80">stale tags tables</a>: <a href="#Tags">Tags</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-t-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-43"><code>t </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-tags-tables-in-info-files-78">tags tables in info files</a>: <a href="#Tags">Tags</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-stale-tags-tables-99">stale tags tables</a>: <a href="#Tags">Tags</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-t-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-49"><code>t </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInt">Help-Int</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-tags-tables-in-Info-files-97">tags tables in Info files</a>: <a href="#Tags">Tags</a></li> <li><a href="#index-u-_0040r_007b_0028Info-mode_0029_007d-32"><code>u </code><span class="roman">(Info mode)</span></a>: <a href="#Help_002dFOO">Help-FOO</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-unstructured-documents-72">unstructured documents</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> -<li><a href="#index-update-Info-tags-table-81">update Info tags table</a>: <a href="#Tags">Tags</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-unstructured-documents-94">unstructured documents</a>: <a href="#Add">Add</a></li> +<li><a href="#index-update-Info-tags-table-100">update Info tags table</a>: <a href="#Tags">Tags</a></li> <li><a href="#index-visible_002dmode-22"><code>visible-mode</code></a>: <a href="#Help_002dInv">Help-Inv</a></li> </ul> <div class="footnote"> <hr> @@ -1518,17 +1603,17 @@ we call “Backspace or DEL” in this manual is labeled differently on different keyboards. Look for a key which is a little ways above the <ENTER> or <RET> key and which you normally use outside Emacs to erase the character before the cursor, i.e. the character you -typed last. It might be labeled <span class="samp">Backspace</span> or <span class="samp"><-</span> or -<span class="samp">DEL</span>, or sometimes <span class="samp">Delete</span>.</p> +typed last. It might be labeled ‘<samp><span class="samp">Backspace</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp"><-</span></samp>’ or +‘<samp><span class="samp">DEL</span></samp>’, or sometimes ‘<samp><span class="samp">Delete</span></samp>’.</p> <p class="footnote"><small>[<a name="fn-2" href="#fnd-2">2</a>]</small> If -you put in a <span class="samp">^L</span> to end a new node, be sure that there is a -<span class="samp">^_</span> after it to start the next one, since <span class="samp">^L</span> cannot +you put in a ‘<samp><span class="samp">^L</span></samp>’ to end a new node, be sure that there is a +‘<samp><span class="samp">^_</span></samp>’ after it to start the next one, since ‘<samp><span class="samp">^L</span></samp>’ cannot <em>start</em> a node. Also, a nicer way to make a node boundary be a -page boundary as well is to put a <span class="samp">^L</span> <em>right after</em> the -<span class="samp">^_</span>.</p> +page boundary as well is to put a ‘<samp><span class="samp">^L</span></samp>’ <em>right after</em> the +‘<samp><span class="samp">^_</span></samp>’.</p> - <p><hr></div> + <hr></div> </body></html> |