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-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-doc/doc/english/mathmode/Mathmode.tex373
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diff --git a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/english/mathmode/Mathmode.tex b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/english/mathmode/Mathmode.tex
index 1fa9192b0ff..9042fb8d7e0 100644
--- a/Master/texmf-doc/doc/english/mathmode/Mathmode.tex
+++ b/Master/texmf-doc/doc/english/mathmode/Mathmode.tex
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
%%
%% IMPORTANT NOTICE:
%%
-%% Herbert Voss <voss@pstricks.de>
-%% 2006-06-23
+%% Herbert Voss <hvoss at tug dot org>
+%% 2006-10-16
%%
%% This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
%% of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN archives
@@ -13,16 +13,17 @@
%% DESCRIPTION:
%% `Mathmode' is a document how the math mode works inside LaTeX
%%
-\def\MathmodeVersion{2.20}
+\def\MathmodeVersion{2.21}
%\ifvtex\title{\logo Math mode - v.\MathmodeVersion}\else
\ifpdf\title{Math mode - v.\MathmodeVersion}\else
\title{\logo Math mode - v.\MathmodeVersion}\fi%\fi
%
\author{Herbert Vo\ss\footnote{\sloppy Thanks for the feedback to:
- Hendri Adriaens;
+ Hendri Adriaens; Juan Mari Alberdi;
Alexander Boronka; Walter Brown;
Christian Faulhammer; Jos\'e{} Luis G\'omez Dans;
Zongbao Fang;
+ Sabine Glaser;
Azzam Hassam; Henning Heinze; Martin Hensel;
Morten H\o{}gholm; M. Kalidoss; Dan Lasley;
Angus Leeming; Tim Love; Dan Luecking;
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ packages and some of them are redefined.
At first some important facts for typesetting math expressions.
\section{The Inlinemode}\label{sec:The-Inlinemode}
-As the name says this are always math expressions which are in a standard
+As the name says there are always math expressions which are in a standard
textline, like this one: $f(x)=\int_{a}^{b}\frac{\sin x}{x}\,\mathrm{d}x$. There
are no limitations for the height of the math expressions, so that
the layout may be very lousy if you insert a big matrix in an inline mode
@@ -862,7 +863,7 @@ possibility of variable rows \textbf{and} columns and the fact, that
the whole formula has only \textbf{one} equation number and that the
\verb|array| environment can only be part of another math environment,
like the \UIndex{equation} or the \UIndex{displaymath}. With \verb+@{}+ before the
-first and after the last colomn the additional space \LIndex{arraycolsep}
+first and after the last column the additional space \LIndex{arraycolsep}
is not used, which maybe important when using left aligned equations.
\begin{equation}
@@ -1145,8 +1146,8 @@ The \UIndex{matrix} macro cannot be used together with the \AmSmath package, it
this environment (see section~\vref{sec:ams-matrix}).
\section{Super/Subscript and limits}\label{sec:limits}
-Writing $a_{min}$ and $a_{max}$ gives the same depth for the subscript, but
-writing them in upright mode with \verb+\mbox+ gives a different
+Writing $a_{min}$ and $a_{max}$ gives the same depth for the \Index{subscript}, but
+writing them in \Index{upright mode} with \verb+\mbox+ gives a different
depth: $a_{\mbox{min}}$ and $a_{\mbox{max}}$.
The problem is the different height, which can be modified in several ways
\begin{itemize}
@@ -1161,7 +1162,7 @@ The problem is the different height, which can be modified in several ways
\marginpar{\CMD{atop}}%
For general information about limits\index{Limits} read section
-\vref{sub:Limits-Inline}. With the \TeX\ command \CIndex{atop} command
+\vref{sub:Limits-Inline}. With the \TeX\ command \CIndex{atop}
multiple limits for a \CIndex{sum} or \CIndex{prod} are possible. The syntax is:
\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.4\linewidth]
@@ -1245,6 +1246,7 @@ size. Equation \ref{eq:disp-limits2} shows the effect and equation
\end{lstlisting}
+
\section{Roots}\label{sec:Roots}
The square root\index{Root} \CIndex{sqrt} is the default
@@ -1296,7 +1298,8 @@ gives some more possibilities for the typesetting of roots (see section~\vref{se
\section[Brackets, braces \ldots]{Brackets, braces and parentheses}\label{sec:Brackets,-Braces-and}
-This is one of the major problems inside the math mode, because there is often a need for different brackets, braces and parentheses in different size. At first we had to admit, that
+This is one of the major problems inside the math mode, because there is often a need for different
+brackets, braces and parentheses in different size. At first we had to admit, that
there is a difference between the characters ``\verb|()[]/\|
$\lbrace\rbrace$
|
@@ -1387,11 +1390,11 @@ table~\vref{cap:Difference-between-the-bigg}).
\begin{table}[htb]
\begin{LTXexample}
-$\bigg(\dfrac{1}{3}\bigg|\dfrac{3}{4}\bigg)$
+$\bigg(\displaystyle\frac{1}{3}\bigg|\frac{3}{4}\bigg)$
\end{LTXexample}
\vspace{-15pt}
\begin{LTXexample}
-$\bigg(\dfrac{1}{3}\biggm|\dfrac{3}{4}\bigg)$
+$\bigg(\displaystyle\frac{1}{3}\biggm|\frac{3}{4}\bigg)$
\end{LTXexample}
\caption{Difference between the default
\CMD{bigg} and the \CMD{biggm} command}\label{cap:Difference-between-the-bigg}
@@ -1603,7 +1606,7 @@ F'\left(\gamma (t)\right)\cdot\gamma '(t)dt
Standard \index{Text}text in math mode should be written in upright shape and not
in the italic\index{Italic} one. This shape is reserved for the variable
names: $\boxed{{I\ am\ \textrm{text}\ inside\ math.}}$ (see also
-(\vref{cap:Spaces-in-math mode}). There are different ways to write text inside math.
+Zable~\vref{cap:Spaces-in-math mode}). There are different ways to write text inside math.
\marginpar{\CMD{textstyle}\\\CMD{mbox}}
@@ -1651,8 +1654,8 @@ default syntax for the old commands is
Table~\vref{cap:Old-Fontstyle-commands} shows what has to be replaced for the \verb+XX+.
The major difference to the new style is that these
\CMD{XX} are toggling the actual math mode into
-the ``XX{}'' one, whereas the new commands start a group which
-switches back to the mode before at its end.
+the ``XX{}'' one, whereas the new commands start which, at its end,
+switches back to the previous mode.
\begin{table}[!htb]
\centering
@@ -2688,7 +2691,7 @@ top or decrease the base.
\CIndex{choose}\index{Binom} is like \CIndex{atop}
with delimiters or like \CIndex{frac}
without the fraction line and also with delimiters. It is often used
-for binoms and has the following syntax:\marginpar{\CMD{choose}}
+for binomial coefficients and has the following syntax:\marginpar{\CMD{choose}}
\begin{lstlisting}
{above \choose below}
@@ -3270,8 +3273,14 @@ The same code looks like:
\end{xxalignat}
\end{lstlisting}
+
\subsection{\texttt{aligned} environment}\label{sec:aligned}
-\marginpar{\CMD{begin\{aligned\}\\...\\\CMD{end\{aligned\}}}}In difference to the \verb|split| environment (section \vref{split})\index{Split equation}, the \verb|aligned| environment allows more than one horizontal alignment but has also only one equation number:
+
+\marginpar{\CMD{begin\{aligned\}\\...\\\CMD{end\{aligned\}}}}In difference to the
+\verb|split| environment (section \vref{split})\index{Split equation}, the
+\verb|aligned| environment allows more than one horizontal alignment but has
+also only one equation number:
+%
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
2x+3 &= 7 & 2x+3-3 &=7-3 \\
@@ -3316,15 +3325,19 @@ end of the last line, otherwise you'll get another equation number for this
\end{LTXexample}
\section{Other environments}
+
\subsection{\texttt{gather} environment}
+
\marginpar{\CMD{begin\{gather\}\\...\\\CMD{end\{gather\}}}}
This is like a multi line environment with no special horizontal alignment.
All rows are centered and can have an own equation number:
+%
\begin{gather}
i_{11}=0.25\\
i_{21}=\frac{1}{3}i_{11}\nonumber \\
i_{31}=0.33i_{22}
\end{gather}
+%
For this example the code looks like:
\begin{lstlisting}
\begin{gather}
@@ -3550,14 +3563,105 @@ for these ones, only for the line without a number.} See figure \ref{cap:multlin
is set to \texttt{0pt} for the right one.
\end{itemize}
+\subsubsection{Examples for \texttt{multline}}\label{sec:Specials-for-multline}
+
+With the multline environment the equation~\vref{eq:braces} looks like:
+
+\begin{multline}
+\frac{1}{2}\Delta(f_{ij}f^{ij})=2\left(\sum_{i<j}\chi_{ij}(\sigma_{i}-\sigma_{j})^{2}
+ +f^{ij}\nabla_{j}\nabla_{i}(\Delta f)+\right.\\
++\left.\nabla_{k}f_{ij}\nabla^{k}f^{ij}+f^{ij}f^{k}\left[2\nabla_{i}R_{jk}-\nabla_{k}R_{ij}
+ \right]\right)
+\end{multline}
+%
+which is again a bad typesetting because of the two unequal parentheses.
+Each one has a size which is correct for the line but not for the
+whole formula. \LaTeX{} accepts only pairs of parentheses for one
+line and has an ``empty{}'' parentheses, the dot ``\texttt{\textbackslash{}left.}''
+or ``\texttt{\textbackslash{}right.}''{} to get only one of the ``pair{}''.
+There are different solutions to get the right size of the parentheses.
+One of them is to use the \CMD{vphantom} command,
+which reserves the vertical space without any horizontal one, like
+a vertical rule without any thickness. The sum symbol from the first
+line is the biggest one and responsible for the height, so this one is
+the argument of \CMD{vphantom} which has to be
+placed anywhere.
+
+\begin{multline}
+\frac{1}{2}\Delta(f_{ij}f^{ij})=
+ 2\left(\sum_{i<j}\chi_{ij}(\sigma_{i}-
+ \sigma_{j})^{2}+f^{ij}\nabla_{j}\nabla_{i}(\Delta f)+\right.\\
+ \left.+\nabla_{k}f_{ij}\nabla^{k}f^{ij}+
+ f^{ij}f^{k}\left[2\nabla_{i}R_{jk}-
+ \nabla_{k}R_{ij}\right]\vphantom{\sum_{i<j}}\right)
+\end{multline}
+%
+\begin{lstlisting}[xleftmargin=-1cm,xrightmargin=-1.5cm]
+\begin{multline}
+\frac{1}{2}\Delta(f_{ij}f^{ij})=
+ 2\left(\sum_{i<j}\chi_{ij}(\sigma_{i}-
+ \sigma_{j})^{2}+f^{ij}\nabla_{j}\nabla_{i}(\Delta f)+\right.\\
+ \left.+\nabla_{k}f_{ij}\nabla^{k}f^{ij}+
+ f^{ij}f^{k}\left[2\nabla_{i}R_{jk}-
+ \nabla_{k}R_{ij}\right]\vphantom{\sum_{i<j}}\right)
+\end{multline}
+\end{lstlisting}
+%
+Instead of using the \CMD{vphantom} command it is
+also possible to use fixed-width parentheses, which is described in
+section \vref{sec:Brackets,-Braces-and}.
+
+
+A math expression with a very long fraction like the following one, which runs out
+of the margin
+could be written as a multiplication to avoid the fraction line.
+%
+%\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t,xleftmargin=-1cm,xrightmargin=-1.5cm]
+\begin{equation}
+\frac{\mathrm{d}G_\infty}{\mathrm{d}n}=\frac{\left[1-e^{-pn}\right]
+ \left[Q\left(n\right)-pR\left(n\right)+R'\left(n\right)\right]e^{-pn}
+ -\left[-\frac{Q \left(n\right)e^{-pn}}{p}+\frac{Q\left(0\right)}{p}+R
+ \left(n\right)e^{-pn} - A\right] pe^{-pn}}{\left({1-e^{-pn}}\right)^2} = 0
+\end{equation}
+%\end{LTXexample}
+%
+\begin{lstlisting}[xleftmargin=-1cm,xrightmargin=-1.5cm]
+\begin{equation}
+\frac{\mathrm{d}G_\infty}{\mathrm{d}n}=\frac{\left[1-e^{-pn}\right]
+ \left[Q\left(n\right)-pR\left(n\right)+R'\left(n\right)\right]e^{-pn}
+ -\left[-\frac{Q \left(n\right)e^{-pn}}{p}+\frac{Q\left(0\right)}{p}+R
+ \left(n\right)e^{-pn} - A\right] pe^{-pn}}{\left({1-e^{-pn}}\right)^2} = 0
+\end{equation}
+\end{lstlisting}
+%
+With the \verb+multline+ environment it can then be split into two or more parts:
+%
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t,xleftmargin=-1cm,xrightmargin=-1.5cm]
+\begin{multline}
+\frac{\mathrm{d}G_\infty}{\mathrm{d}n} =
+ \frac{1}{\left( {1-e^{-pn}} \right)^2 }\cdot
+ \left\{\vphantom{\frac{Q}{p}}% >>>> to get the correct height <<<<<
+ \left[ 1-e^{-pn} \right] \left[ Q \left( n \right) - pR
+ \left( n \right) + R'\left( n \right) \right]e^{-pn}\right.\\
+ - \left.\left[-\frac{Q \left( n \right) e^{-pn}}{p} +
+ \frac{Q \left( 0 \right)}{p} + R \left( n \right) e^{-pn}
+ - A\right] pe^{-pn}\right\} = 0
+\end{multline}
+\end{LTXexample}
+
+
+
\subsection{\texttt{split} environment}\label{split}
+
\marginpar{\CMD{begin\{split\}\\...\\\CMD{end\{split\}}}}%
\makeatletter
\@removefromreset{equation}{section}
\makeatother
%
\begin{leftbar}
->From now on the counting of the equations changes. It is introduced with a foregoing command, which doesn't really make sense, it is only for demonstration: %%% ----- Martin -----
+\noindent From now on the counting of the equations changes. It is introduced with a
+foregoing command, which doesn't really make sense, it is only
+for demonstration:
\begin{lstlisting}
\makeatletter
\@removefromreset{equation}{section}
@@ -3616,13 +3720,14 @@ case more than one horizontal alignment tabs are possible.
\]
\end{minipage}\hspace{1cm}%
\begin{minipage}{0.5\columnwidth}
-\footnotesize\begin{verbatim}
+\footnotesize%
+\begin{verbatim}
\[
\begin{split}
\vec{a} = {}&\framebox[0.35\columnwidth]{x}\\
- &\framebox[0.75\columnwidth]{x}\\
- &\framebox[0.65\columnwidth]{x}\\
- &\framebox[0.95\columnwidth]{x}
+ &\framebox[0.75\columnwidth]{x}\\
+ &\framebox[0.65\columnwidth]{x}\\
+ &\framebox[0.95\columnwidth]{x}
\end{split}
\]
\end{verbatim}
@@ -3677,59 +3782,48 @@ A_{1} & =\left|\int_{0}^{1}(f(x)-g(x))\,\mathrm{d}x\right|+\left|\int_{1}^{2}(g(
\end{array}
\end{equation}
+Compare the following two examples for typesetting the minus sign. In the first case it
+is typeset similiar to the plus character, and in the second example it is typeset
+without the additional space for a binary math atom.
+
+\begin{minipage}{0.49\linewidth}
+\begin{align}
+\begin{split}
+a = {} & -b + c \\
+ & -d + e
+\end{split}
+\end{align}
+%
+\begin{align}
+\begin{split}
+a = {} & {-}b + c \\
+ & {-}d + e
+\end{split}
+\end{align}
+\end{minipage}\hfill
+\begin{minipage}{0.49\linewidth}
+\begin{lstlisting}
+\begin{align}
+\begin{split}
+a = {} & -b + c \\
+ & -d + e
+\end{split}
+\end{align}
+%
+\begin{align}
+\begin{split}
+a = {} & {-}b + c \\
+ & {-}d + e
+\end{split}
+\end{align}
+\end{lstlisting}
+\end{minipage}
\begin{itemize}
\item There exists no starred version (\texttt{\textbackslash{}begin\{split{*}\}}) %%% ----- Martin -----
of the \texttt{split} environment.
\end{itemize}
-\subsection[Specials]{Specials for \texttt{multline} and \texttt{split}
-environments}\label{sec:Specials-for-multline}
-
-With the multline environment the equation~\vref{eq:braces} looks like:
-
-\begin{multline}
-\frac{1}{2}\Delta(f_{ij}f^{ij})=2\left(\sum_{i<j}\chi_{ij}(\sigma_{i}-\sigma_{j})^{2}+f^{ij}\nabla_{j}\nabla_{i}(\Delta f)+\right.\\
-+\left.\nabla_{k}f_{ij}\nabla^{k}f^{ij}+f^{ij}f^{k}\left[2\nabla_{i}R_{jk}-\nabla_{k}R_{ij}\right]\right)\end{multline}
-
-
-\noindent which is again a bad typesetting because of the two unequal parentheses.
-Each one has a size which is correct for the line but not for the
-whole formula. \LaTeX{} accepts only pairs of parentheses for one
-line and has an ``empty{}'' parentheses, the dot ``\texttt{\textbackslash{}left.}''
-or ``\texttt{\textbackslash{}right.}''{} to get only one of the ``pair{}''.
-There are different solutions to get the right size of the parentheses.
-One of them is to use the \CMD{vphantom} command,
-which reserves the vertical space without any horizontal one, like
-a vertical rule without any thickness. The sum symbol from the first
-line is the biggest one and responsible for the height, so this one is
-the argument of \CMD{vphantom} which has to be
-placed anywhere.
-
-\begin{multline}
-\frac{1}{2}\Delta(f_{ij}f^{ij})=
- 2\left(\sum_{i<j}\chi_{ij}(\sigma_{i}-
- \sigma_{j})^{2}+f^{ij}\nabla_{j}\nabla_{i}(\Delta f)+\right.\\
- \left.+\nabla_{k}f_{ij}\nabla^{k}f^{ij}+
- f^{ij}f^{k}\left[2\nabla_{i}R_{jk}-
- \nabla_{k}R_{ij}\right]\vphantom{\sum_{i<j}}\right)
-\end{multline}
-
-\begin{lstlisting}[xleftmargin=-1cm,xrightmargin=-1.5cm]
-\begin{multline}
-\frac{1}{2}\Delta(f_{ij}f^{ij})=
- 2\left(\sum_{i<j}\chi_{ij}(\sigma_{i}-
- \sigma_{j})^{2}+f^{ij}\nabla_{j}\nabla_{i}(\Delta f)+\right.\\
- \left.+\nabla_{k}f_{ij}\nabla^{k}f^{ij}+
- f^{ij}f^{k}\left[2\nabla_{i}R_{jk}-
- \nabla_{k}R_{ij}\right]\vphantom{\sum_{i<j}}\right)
-\end{multline}
-\end{lstlisting}
-
-Instead of using the \CMD{vphantom} command it is
-also possible to use fixed-width parentheses, which is described in
-section \vref{sec:Brackets,-Braces-and}.
-
\subsection{\texttt{cases} environment }
@@ -3781,7 +3875,9 @@ x=\begin{cases}
\end{lstlisting}
\begin{leftbar}
->From now on the counting of the equations changes. It is introduced with a foregoing command, which doesn't really make sense, it is only for demonstration: %%% ----- Martin -----
+\noindent From now on the counting of the equations changes. It is introduced
+with a foregoing command, which doesn't really make sense, it is only for
+demonstration:
\begin{lstlisting}
\renewcommand\theequation{\arabic{equation}}
\end{lstlisting}
@@ -3791,6 +3887,7 @@ x=\begin{cases}
\subsection{Matrix environments}\label{sec:ams-matrix}
+%
\begin{table}[htb]
\centering\begin{tabular}{rcrcrc}
\textbackslash{}Vmatrix\index{Vmatrix@\textbackslash Vmatrix}&
@@ -4273,7 +4370,7 @@ limits load the package \AmSmath in the preamble as %%% ----- Martin -----
\end{lstlisting}
There exist also options for the vice versa (see page~\pageref{par:AMSmath-package}). %%% ----- Martin -----
-See also section~\ref{sec:misc-AMS} for the additional commands \CMD{underset} and \CMD{overset}.
+See also Section~\ref{sec:misc-AMS} for the additional commands \CMD{underset} and \CMD{overset}.
@@ -4735,7 +4832,7 @@ be centered just like the other lines. This is only true, when there is a number
an additional ampersand:
-\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+%\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
\begin{gather*}
\begin{align*}
m_2 &= m_2' + m_2''\\
@@ -4750,8 +4847,24 @@ an additional ampersand:
\end{align*}\\
\Rightarrow m_2 v_2' = V - V_2'' + V_2''\frac{v_2'}{v_2''}\\
\end{gather*}
-\end{LTXexample}
+%\end{LTXexample}
+\begin{lstlisting}
+\begin{gather*}
+ \begin{align*}
+ m_2 &= m_2' + m_2''\\
+ &= \frac{V_2'}{v_2'} + \frac{V_2''}{v_2''}
+ \end{align*}\\
+ \Rightarrow m_2 v_2' = V - V_2'' + V_2''\frac{v_2'}{v_2''}\\
+\end{gather*}
+\begin{gather*}
+ \begin{align*}
+ m_2 &= m_2' + m_2''\\
+ &= \frac{V_2'}{v_2'} + \frac{V_2''}{v_2''} & %<<<====
+ \end{align*}\\
+ \Rightarrow m_2 v_2' = V - V_2'' + V_2''\frac{v_2'}{v_2''}\\
+\end{gather*}
+\end{lstlisting}
This effect depends to the horizontal width, which is wrong in the first example,
@@ -4762,7 +4875,8 @@ margin.
Another kind of curiousity is the following example, which depends to the
same problem of cutting whitespace only on one side.
-\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\bigskip\noindent%
+%\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
\fbox{%
\begin{minipage}{10cm}
\begin{align*}
@@ -4770,14 +4884,30 @@ same problem of cutting whitespace only on one side.
\end{align*}
\end{minipage}}
-\fbox{%
+\noindent\fbox{%
\begin{minipage}{10cm}
\noindent\begin{align*}
a&=b \\ c&=d
\end{align*}
\end{minipage}}
-\end{LTXexample}
+%\end{LTXexample}
+
+\bigskip
+\begin{lstlisting}
+\bigskip\noindent\fbox{%
+\begin{minipage}{10cm}
+\begin{align*}
+ a&=b \\ c&=d
+\end{align*}
+\end{minipage}}
+\noindent\fbox{%
+\begin{minipage}{10cm}
+\noindent\begin{align*}
+ a&=b \\ c&=d
+\end{align*}
+\end{minipage}}
+\end{lstlisting}
@@ -4952,7 +5082,7 @@ scriptscript styles, which makes a redefinition of \verb+\mathchoice+ superfluou
\subsection{\CMD{thinmuskip}}
\cIndex{thinmuskip}The short version for positive skip is defined as \verb+\def\,{\mskip\thinmuskip}+ and the one
-for a negative skip as \verb+\def\!{\mskip-\thinmuskip}+ (see also section~\ref{subsec:mathskip}).
+for a negative skip as \verb+\def\!{\mskip-\thinmuskip}+ (see also Section~\ref{subsec:mathskip}).
\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.35\linewidth]
@@ -5405,6 +5535,7 @@ when the binary symbol is not the last one and when the penalty is below 10,000.
\part{Other packages}
The following sections are not a replacement for the package documentation!
\section{List of available math packages}
+\markboth{Math packages}{Math packages}
\begin{center}
\noindent
@@ -5923,6 +6054,91 @@ c & d
package, which is described in the \AmSmath part.
+\subsection{\texttt{dotseqn}}\label{dotseqn}
+This package%
+\footnote{\href{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/dotseqn/}%
+{CTAN://macros/latex/contrib/dotseqn}} fills the space between the math
+expression and the equation
+number with dots. Expect problems when using this package together with \AmSmath.
+
+\begingroup
+\makeatletter
+% package couldn't be loaded, it redefines the math
+% environments
+\newcommand\EqnDots{\leaders\hbox{\kern4\p@ .\kern4\p@}\hfill}
+\@ifundefined{mathindent}{\newdimen\mathindent \mathindent\leftmargini}{}
+\renewcommand{\[}{\relax \ifmmode\@badmath \else
+ \begin{trivlist}%
+ \@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+ \item[]\leavevmode \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup $\m@th\displaystyle %$
+ \hskip\mathindent\bgroup
+ \fi}
+\renewcommand{\]}{\relax\ifmmode \egroup $\hfil% $
+ \egroup \end{trivlist}%
+ \else \@badmath \fi}
+\renewenvironment{equation}%
+ {\@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+ \refstepcounter{equation}\trivlist \item[]\leavevmode
+ \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup $\m@th% $
+ \displaystyle \hskip\mathindent}%
+ {$\EqnDots % $ Replace `\hfil' with dotted leaders `\EqnDots'.
+ \displaywidth\linewidth\hbox{\@eqnnum}\egroup \endtrivlist}
+\renewenvironment{eqnarray}{%
+ \stepcounter{equation}%
+ \def\@currentlabel{\p@equation\theequation}%
+ \global\@eqnswtrue \m@th \global\@eqcnt\z@ \tabskip\mathindent
+ \let\\\@eqncr \setlength\abovedisplayskip\topsep
+ \ifvmode \addtolength\abovedisplayskip\partopsep \fi
+ \addtolength\abovedisplayskip\parskip
+ \setlength\belowdisplayskip\abovedisplayskip
+ \setlength\belowdisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+ \setlength\abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+ $$\everycr{}\halign to\linewidth% $$
+ \bgroup
+ \hskip\@centering
+ $\displaystyle\tabskip\z@skip{##}$\@eqnsel&%
+ \global\@eqcnt\@ne \hfil${\DEQ@acs##\DEQ@acs}$\hfil&%
+ \global\@eqcnt\tw@ $\displaystyle{##}$\hskip\@centering\cr%
+ }% end of "\begin" part
+ {\@@eqncr
+ \noalign{% vertical skip up to overlay phantom line
+ \penalty\@M \vskip-\prevdepth
+ \edef\@tempa{\omit\span\omit\span\omit % span three columns
+ \vrule\@depth\the\prevdepth \@width\z@ % strut of proper depth
+ \kern-\mathindent \kern\linewidth}% % full line width
+ \nointerlineskip \expandafter % use saved |\@tempa| outside group
+ }\@tempa\cr
+ \egroup
+ \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne$$% $$
+ \global\@ignoretrue
+ }
+\def\@@eqncr{\let\reserved@a\@empty
+ \ifcase\@eqcnt \def\reserved@a{& &}\or \def\reserved@a{&}\fi
+ \reserved@a
+ \if@eqnsw \egroup $\EqnDots \@eqnnum $\bgroup \stepcounter{equation}%
+ \fi \global\@eqnswtrue\global\@eqcnt\z@\cr}
+\def\DEQ@acs{\hskip\tw@\arraycolsep}
+\makeatother
+\begin{eqnarray}
+ F(x) &=& \int f(x)\,\mathrm{d}x + C
+\end{eqnarray}
+%
+\begin{equation}
+ F(x)=\int f(x)\,\mathrm{d}x + C
+\end{equation}
+\endgroup
+
+\begin{lstlisting}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+ F(x) &=& \int f(x)\,\mathrm{d}x + C
+\end{eqnarray}
+%
+\begin{equation}
+ F(x)=\int f(x)\,\mathrm{d}x + C
+\end{equation}
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+
\subsection{\texttt{empheq}}\label{sec:empheq}
This package supports different frames for math environments of the \AmSmath
@@ -7567,7 +7783,8 @@ The new environment \verb|mtabular| has two arguments, one optional and one whic
as the one from the \verb|tabular| environment. With the option \verb|long| it is possible to have %%% ----- Martin -----
all the formulas in a \verb|longtable| environment, which allows a pagebreak. The new macro
\verb|\eqnCnt| controls the counting of these equations as subequations for one tabular
-line. This macro can have an optional argument for a label. At least it counts the equations. If the
+line. This macro can have an optional argument for a label. At least it counts
+the equations. If the
equation number is not centered to the foregoing equation, then it needs some more horizontal
space in the tabular column.