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+<html>
+<head><title>Help On LaTeX Commands</title></head>
+<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#000099" vlink="#cc0000" alink="#cc0000">
+
+<h2><font color="#cc0000">Hypertext Help with LaTeX</font></h2>
+
+<hr width="10%" align=left>
+
+<h1><font color="#cc0000">Help by <a href="#subj">Subject</a>,
+<a href="#cmd">Command</a>, or <a href="#env">Environment</a></font></h1>
+
+
+<h2><a name="subj">Subjects</a></h2>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a href="ltx-401.html">Accenting characters</a> (umlauts, graves, etc.)
+ <li><a href="ltx-202.html">Arrays</a> (math mode)
+ <li><a href="ltx-17.html">Commands</a>, defining and redefining
+ <li><a href="ltx-434.html">Comments in input file</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-3.html">Counters</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-13.html">Cross References</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-430.html">Dashes</a>
+ <li><a href="declarations.html">Declarations</a> (changing how things look)
+ <li><a href="ltx-17.html">Defining New Commands</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-22.html">Document Styles</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-27.html">Environments</a>
+ (or see <a href="#env">list below</a>)
+ <li><a href="ltx-82.html">Footnotes</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-176.html">Fonts</a>
+ <li><a href="fragile.html">Fragile commands</a> (and how to protect them)
+ <li><a href="input.html">Input to LaTeX</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-402.html">International characters and punctuation</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-86.html">Lengths</a> and how to change them
+ <li><a href="ltx-91.html">Letters</a> (as in "Dear John")
+ <li><a href="ltx-99.html">Line and Page Breaking</a>
+ <li><a href="lists.html">Lists</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-111.html">Making Paragraphs</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-115.html">Math Formulas</a> and
+ <a href="ltx-117.html">Math Symbols</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-130.html">Modes</a> (paragraph, left-right, math)
+ <li><a href="ltx-402.html">Non-English characters and punctuation</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-131.html">Page Styles</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-43.html">Picture environment</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-433.html">Quotation Marks</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-141.html">Sectioning</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-143.html">Spaces and Boxes</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-164.html">Special Characters</a>: # $ % &amp; ~ _ ^ \ { }
+ <li>Special Symbols
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="ltx-401.html">Accents on characters</a>
+ (umlauts, graves, etc.)
+ <li><a href="ltx-406.html">Arrows</a> (math mode)
+ <li><a href="ltx-404.html">Binary and relational operators</a> (math mode)
+ <li><a href="ltx-403.html">Delimiters</a>
+ (parenthesis-like objects; math mode)
+ <li><a href="ellipses.html">Ellipses</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-405.html">Greek letters</a> (math mode)
+ <li><a href="ltx-407.html">Miscellaneous symbols</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-409.html">Math functions</a>
+ (sin, cos, log, ...; math mode)
+ <li><a href="ltx-408.html">Variable size math symbols</a>
+ (sums, integrals, ...; math mode)
+ </ul>
+ <li><a href="ltx-165.html">Splitting the Input</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-169.html">Starting and Ending</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-179.html">Subscripts</a> and
+ <a href="ltx-180.html">Superscripts</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-67.html">Table</a>,
+ <a href="ltx-68.html">Tabular</a> and
+ <a href="ltx-58.html">Tabbing</a> Environments
+ <li><a href="ltx-170.html">Table of Contents</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-173.html">Terminal Input and Output</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-176.html">Typefaces</a>
+</ul>
+
+<h2><a name="cmd">LaTeX Commands</a></h2>
+
+<p>A LaTeX command begins with the command name, which consists of a <tt>\</tt>
+followed by either (a) a string of letters or (b) a single non-letter.
+Arguments contained in square brackets [] are optional while arguments
+contained in braces {} are required.</p>
+
+<p>NOTE: LaTeX is case sensitive. Enter all commands in lower case
+unless explicitly directed to do otherwise.</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a href="ltx-431.html"><tt>\&lt;space&gt;</tt></a> (force ordinary space)
+ <li><a href="ltx-432.html"><tt>\@</tt></a> (following period ends sentence)
+ <li><a href="ltx-181.html"><tt>\\</tt></a> (new line)
+ <li><a href="ltx-185.html"><tt>\,</tt></a> (thin space)
+ <li><a href="ltx-183.html"><tt>\;</tt></a> (thick space, math mode)
+ <li><a href="ltx-184.html"><tt>\:</tt></a> (medium space, math mode)
+ <li><a href="ltx-186.html"><tt>\!</tt></a> (negative thin space, math mode)
+ <li><a href="ltx-182.html"><tt>\-</tt></a>
+ (hyphenation; <a href="ltx-58.html">tabbing</a>)
+ <li><a href="ltx-187.html"><tt>\=</tt></a>
+ (set tab, see <a href="ltx-58.html">tabbing</a>)
+ <li><a href="ltx-188.html"><tt>\&gt;</tt></a>
+ (tab, see <a href="ltx-58.html">tabbing</a>)
+ <li><a href="ltx-189.html"><tt>\&lt;</tt></a>
+ (back tab, see <a href="ltx-58.html">tabbing</a>)
+ <li><a href="ltx-190.html"><tt>\+</tt></a>
+ (see <a href="ltx-58.html">tabbing</a>)
+ <li><a href="ltx-191.html"><tt>\'</tt></a>
+ (<a href="ltx-401.html">accent</a> or <a href="ltx-58.html">tabbing</a>)
+ <li><a href="ltx-192.html"><tt>\`</tt></a>
+ (<a href="ltx-401.html">accent</a> or <a href="ltx-58.html">tabbing</a>)
+ <li><a href="ltx-403.html"><tt>\|</tt></a> (double vertical lines, math mode)
+ <li><tt>\(</tt> and <tt>\)</tt>
+ (define <a href="ltx-115.html#math">math environment</a>)
+ <li><tt>\[</tt> and <tt>\]</tt>
+ (define <a href="ltx-421.html">displaymath environment</a>)
+ <li><a href="ltx-171.html">\addcontentsline</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-172.html">\addtocontents</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-195.html">\addtocounter</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-93.html">\address</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-89.html">\addtolength</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-198.html">\addvspace</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-199.html">\alph</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-200.html">\appendix</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-201.html">\arabic</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-203.html">\author</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-164.html">\backslash</a>
+ <li><a href="baselineskip.html">\baselineskip</a>
+ <li><a href="baselineskip.html">\baselinestretch</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-204.html">\bf</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-205.html">\bibitem</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-206.html">\bigskip</a>
+ <li><a href="boldmath.html">\boldmath</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-407.html">\cal</a>
+ <li><a href="caption.html">\caption</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-207.html">\cdots</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-30.html">\centering</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-210.html">\circle</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-211.html">\cite</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-212.html">\cleardoublepage</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-213.html">\clearpage</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-214.html">\cline</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-98.html">\closing</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-216.html">\dashbox</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-217.html">\date</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-218.html">\ddots</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-220.html">\dotfill</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-221.html">\em</a>
+ <li><a href="ensuremath.html">\ensuremath</a> (LaTeX2e)
+ <li><a href="ltx-226.html">\fbox</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-227.html">\flushbottom</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-230.html">\fnsymbol</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-231.html">\footnote</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-232.html">\footnotemark</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-233.html">\footnotesize</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-234.html">\footnotetext</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-235.html">\frac</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-236.html">\frame</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-237.html">\framebox</a>
+ <li><a href="frenchsp.html">\frenchspacing</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-238.html">\hfill</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-239.html">\hline</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-240.html">\hrulefill</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-241.html">\hspace</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-242.html">\huge</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-243.html">\Huge (capital "h")</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-244.html">\hyphenation</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-245.html">\include</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-246.html">\includeonly</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-247.html">\indent</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-248.html">\input</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-249.html">\it</a>
+ <li><a href="item.html">\item</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-251.html">\kill</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-252.html">\label</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-253.html">\large</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-254.html">\Large (capital "l")</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-255.html">\LARGE (all caps)</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-256.html">\ldots</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-403.html#big">\left</a>
+ <li><a href="lefteqn.html">\lefteqn</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-257.html">\line</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-258.html">\linebreak</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-259.html">\linethickness</a>
+ <li><a href="textwidth.html">\linewidth</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-261.html">\location</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-262.html">\makebox</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-263.html">\maketitle</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-264.html">\markboth \markright</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-407.html">\mathcal</a>
+ <li><a href="stackrel.html#mathop">\mathop</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-265.html">\mbox</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-266.html">\medskip</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-268.html">\multicolumn</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-269.html">\multiput</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-18.html">\newcommand</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-271.html">\newcounter</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-19.html">\newenvironment</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-21.html">\newfont</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-87.html">\newlength</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-275.html">\newline</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-276.html">\newpage</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-277.html">\newsavebox</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-20.html">\newtheorem</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-279.html">\nocite</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-280.html">\noindent</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-281.html">\nolinebreak</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-282.html">\normalsize</a> (default)
+ <li><a href="ltx-283.html">\nopagebreak</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-404.html#not">\not</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-284.html">\onecolumn</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-97.html">\opening</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-286.html">\oval</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-287.html">\overbrace</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-288.html">\overline</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-289.html">\pagebreak</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-137.html">\pagenumbering</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-291.html">\pageref</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-138.html">\pagestyle</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-293.html">\par</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-294.html">\parbox</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-86.html#lencmd">\parindent</a>
+ <li><a href="parskip.html">\parskip</a>
+ <li><a href="fragile.html">\protect</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-18.html">\providecommand</a> (LaTeX2e)
+ <li><a href="ltx-296.html">\put</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-299.html">\raggedbottom</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-300.html">\raggedleft</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-301.html">\raggedright</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-302.html">\raisebox</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-303.html">\ref</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-18.html">\renewcommand</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-403.html#big">\right</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-304.html">\rm</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-305.html">\roman</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-306.html">\rule</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-307.html">\savebox</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-307.html">\sbox</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-308.html">\sc</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-309.html">\scriptsize</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-310.html">\setcounter</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-88.html">\setlength</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-90.html">\settowidth</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-313.html">\sf</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-314.html">\shortstack</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-315.html">\signature</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-316.html">\sl</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-317.html">\small</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-318.html">\smallskip</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-319.html">\sqrt</a>
+ <li><a href="stackrel.html">\stackrel</a>
+ <li><a href="toc.html">\tableofcontents</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-323.html">\telephone</a>
+ <li><a href="textwidth.html">\textwidth</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-86.html#lencmd">\textheight</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-324.html">\thanks</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-140.html">\thispagestyle</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-328.html">\tiny</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-329.html">\title</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-330.html">\today</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-331.html">\tt</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-332.html">\twocolumn</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-174.html">\typeout</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-175.html">\typein</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-335.html">\underbrace</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-336.html">\underline</a>
+ <li><a href="unitlength.html">\unitlength</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-337.html">\usebox</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-338.html">\usecounter</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-339.html">\value</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-340.html">\vdots</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-341.html">\vector</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-342.html">\verb</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-345.html">\vfill</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-346.html">\vline</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-403.html#big">\vphantom</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-347.html">\vspace</a>
+</ul>
+
+
+<h2><a name="env">LaTeX Environments</a></h2>
+
+<p>LaTeX <a href="ltx-27.html">environments</a> are created by</p>
+
+<pre> \begin{<b>environment</b>} ... \end{<b>environment</b>}</pre>
+
+<p><a href="declarations.html">Declarations</a> can be effected by an
+environment of the same name.</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a href="ltx-420.html">abstract</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-202.html">array</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-29.html">center</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-31.html">description</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-421.html">displaymath</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-222.html">enumerate</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-223.html">eqnarray</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-224.html">equation</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-225.html">figure</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-228.html">flushleft</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-229.html">flushright</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-250.html">itemize</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-260.html">list</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-115.html#math">math</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-267.html">minipage</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-43.html">picture</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-297.html">quotation</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-298.html">quote</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-58.html">tabbing</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-67.html">table</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-68.html">tabular</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-73.html">thebibliography</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-77.html">theorem</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-78.html">titlepage</a>
+ <li><a href="trivlist.html">trivlist</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-79.html">verbatim</a>
+ <li><a href="ltx-81.html">verse</a>
+</ul>
+
+<hr>
+
+<p>Return to the <a href="index.html">Introduction</a></p>
+
+<hr>
+
+<address>
+Page revised: 1997:05:15, RBS
+</address>
+
+</body>
+</html>
+