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+<head>
+<title>UK TeX FAQ -- question label balance</title>
+</head><body>
+<h3>Balancing columns at the end of a document</h3>
+<p>The <i>twocolumn</i> option of the standard classes causes
+LaTeX to set the text of a document in two columns.  However, the last
+page of the document typically ends up with columns of different
+lengths - such columns are said to be "unbalanced".  Many (most?)
+people don't like unbalanced columns.
+<p>The simplest solution to the problem is to use the <i>multicol</i>
+package in place of the <i>twocolumn</i> option, as
+<i>multicol</i> balances the columns on the final page by default.
+However, the use of <i>multicol</i> does come at a cost: its
+special output routine disallows the use of in-column floats, though
+it does still permit full-width (e.g., <code>figure*</code>
+environment) floats. 
+<p>As a result, there is a constant push for a means of balancing columns
+at the end of a <i>twocolumn</i> document.  Of course, the job can
+be done manually: <code>\</code><code>pagebreak</code> inserted at the appropriate place on
+the last page can often produce the right effect, but this seldom
+appeals, and if the last page is made up of automatically-generated
+text (for example, bibliography or index) inserting the command will
+be difficult.
+<p>The <i>flushend</i> package offers a solution to this problem.  It's a
+somewhat dangerous piece of macro code, which patches one of the most
+intricate parts of the LaTeX kernel without deploying any of the
+safeguards discussed in <a href="FAQ-patch.html">patching commands</a>.
+The package only changes the behaviour at end document (its
+<code>\</code><code>flushend</code> command is enabled by default), and one other command
+permits adjustment of the final balance; other packages in the bundle
+provide means for insertion of full width material in two-column
+documents.
+<p>The <i>balance</i> package also patches the output routine
+(somewhat more carefully than <i>flushend</i>).
+<p>The user should be aware that any of these packages are liable to
+become confused in the presence of floats: if problems arise, manual
+adjustment of the floats in the document is likely to be necessary.
+It is this difficulty (what's required in any instance can't really be
+expressed in current LaTeX) that led the author of
+<i>multicol</i> to suppress single-column-wide floats.
+<dl>
+<dt><tt><i>balance.sty</i></tt><dd>Distributed as part of <a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/preprint.zip">macros/latex/contrib/preprint</a> (<a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/preprint.tar.gz">gzipped tar</a>, <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/preprint/">browse</a>)
+<dt><tt><i>flushend.sty</i></tt><dd>Distributed as part of <a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/sttools.zip">macros/latex/contrib/sttools</a> (<a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/sttools.tar.gz">gzipped tar</a>, <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/sttools/">browse</a>)
+<dt><tt><i>multicol.sty</i></tt><dd>Distributed as part of <a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/required/tools.zip">macros/latex/required/tools</a> (<a href="ftp://cam.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/required/tools.tar.gz">gzipped tar</a>, <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/macros/latex/required/tools/">browse</a>)
+<p></dl>
+<p><p>This question on the Web: <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=balance">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=balance</a>
+</body>