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-% Save file as: EXAMPLE.STY Source: FILESERV@SHSU.BITNET
-% example.sty 20 May 91
-%------------------------------------------------------------
-% Copyright (c) 1988, 1991 by J.Schrod.
-% Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
-
-%
-% LaTeX style option example
-% tested with style article, should also work with other styles
-% don't use it with twoside or twocolumn option
-%
-% [LaTeX in MAKEPROG]
-
-
-%
-% Author
-% js: Joachim Schrod <xitijsch@ddathd21.bitnet>
-% Contributors
-% (** enough place for your name **)
-%
-
-%
-% VERSION HISTORY (MSCF -- most significant change first)
-%
-% DATE WHO REMARKS
-% 91-05-20 js documentation added for distribution
-% 88-06-29 js created it for THD LaTeX tutorial
-
-
-
-
-%%%%
-%%%%
-%%%% These TeX macros were documented with the documentation system
-%%%% MAKEPROG and automatically converted to the current form.
-%%%% If you have MAKEPROG available you may transform it back to
-%%%% the original input: Remove every occurence of three percents
-%%%% and one optional blank from the beginning of a line and remove
-%%%% every line which starts with four percents. The following lex
-%%%% program will do this:
-%%%%
-%%%% %%
-%%%%
-%%%% ^%%%\ ? ;
-%%%% ^%%%%.*\n ;
-%%%%
-%%%% MAKEPROG may be obtained over the net from the Bitnet-Listserver
-%%%% LISTSERV@DHDURZ1 (filelist WEBWARE), from tuglib@science.utah.edu,
-%%%% or via ftp from june.cs.washington.edu.
-%%%%
-%%%%
-%%% \documentstyle[progltx,example]{article}
-
-
-%%% \nofiles % don't need an aux file
-%%% \hfuzz=18pt % expected overfull hboxes in code
-
-
-%%% \begin{document}
-
-
-%%% \title{The {\tt example\/} Style Option}
-%%% \author{% % LaTeX does not discard unnecessary glue...
-%%% Joachim Schrod%
-%%% \thanks{%
-%%% TU~Darmstadt, Alexanderstr.~10, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany.\hfil\break
-%%% Email: {\tt xitijsch@ddathd21.bitnet}.%
-%%% }%
-%%% }
-%%% \date{20 May 91}
-
-%%% \maketitle
-
-
-
-%%% \chap What's this style option for?.
-
-%%% This style option makes it easier to produce examples for \TeX{}
-%%% courses. It realizes an |example| environment; the text within such
-%%% an environment is typeset two times: On the left side just like any
-%%% ordinary text, on the right side verbatim. So an author can be sure
-%%% that the verbatim and the typeset part of an \TeX{} example is
-%%% consistent. The usage is simple: Type
-%%% %
-%%% \begin{quote}
-%%% |\begin{example}|
-%%% |Some \TeX{} text.|
-%%% |\end{example}|
-%%% \end{quote}
-%%% %
-%%% and you get
-%%% %
-%%% \begin{example}
-%%% Some \TeX{} text.
-%%% \end{example}
-%%% %
-%%% Just note one important point: {\it The end of the environment must
-%%% be on a line of it's own, there must be no space in front of the
-%%% |\end|, and there must be no text -- even no comment -- behind}. For
-%%% further information have a look at the section on possible
-%%% enhancements.
-
-
-%%% \sect This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-%%% modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
-%%% published by the Free Software Foundation; either version~1, or (at your
-%%% option) any later version.
-
-%%% This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
-%%% {\bf without any warranty\/}; without even the implied warranty of
-%%% {\bf merchantability\/} or {\bf fitness for a particular purpose}. See
-%%% the GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-%%% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-%%% along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
-%%% Inc., 675~Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA~02139, USA.
-
-
-%%% \sect The implementation uses an auxiliary file. This file has the
-%%% extension |tmp|. Be aware of this if you use such a file name in other
-%%% options. The file is not needed outside of the environment.
-
-%%% All public markups start with |Example|, all private ones with
-%%% |example_|. These two prefixes are reserved.
-
-%%% The width of an example column is available for inspection and change
-%%% in the dimension register |\ExampleWidth|.
-
-
-%%% \sect This style option still has at least one problem which you
-%%% should be aware of: I've encountered false indentation while I've
-%%% used it within an item of a |list| environment. I remember that there
-%%% was a difference if it was used with or without text in front of it.
-%%% But I didn't needed this stuff so I decided not to look at.
-
-%%% Might be, that |\everypar| is not handled correctly or that some flags
-%%% should be looked at. (Remember that an |\item| in \LaTeX{} does not
-%%% set anything -- it just stores it away until the start of the next
-%%% paragraph!)
-
-%%% Furthermore I set |\oddsidemargin| and |\evensidemargin| to 0\,pt, but
-%%% I do not remember why. Is this really necessary? (I should have
-%%% documented it in the beginning, nothing lives longer than a
-%%% provision\,\dots)
-
-
-%%% \sect And some future enhancements would be easy to make:
-%%% %
-%%% \begin{itemize}
-
-%%% \item The algorithm for typesetting the verbatim text should be those
-%%% of |progltx|. Then tabulators and all those stuff would be handled
-%%% right.
-
-%%% \item The algorithm for detecting the environment end should be those
-%%% of |progltx|, too. It would allow for comments; a markup which forbids
-%%% a comment behind it should be forbidden.
-
-%%% \item There should be a way to specify texts which are only printed in
-%%% the \TeX{} part resp.\ the verbatim part. This would be helpful for
-%%% inserting help lines, additional information etc. (Implementation is
-%%% straightforward.)
-
-%%% \item The implementation does not care for the |twoside| option. Then
-%%% the order should be mirrored. I.e., verbatim left and \TeX{} text
-%%% right.
-
-%%% \item Other arrangements of \TeX{} text and verbatim text should be
-%%% possible. E.g., on a slide there should not be beside each other but
-%%% below. Perhaps also on a multi-column layout.
-
-%%% \end{itemize}
-
-
-%%% \sect Before we start we declare some shorthands for category codes.
-%%% By declaring the underscore~`(|_|)' as letters we can use it in our
-%%% macros. (I agree with {\sc D.~Knuth} that
-%%% |\identifier_several_words_long| is more readable than
-%%% |\IdentifierSeveralWordsLong| and in every case better than
-%%% |\p@@@s|.) As this is a \LaTeX{} style option the at sign is a letter
-%%% anyhow; so we can use the ``private'' Plain and \LaTeX{} macros; and
-%%% with the underscore we can make our own macros more readable. But as
-%%% we have to restore this category code at the end of this macro file
-%%% we store its former value in the control sequence |\uscode|. This
-%%% method is better than to use a group because not all macros have to
-%%% be defined global this way.
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\chardef\escape=0
-\chardef\open=1
-\chardef\close=2
-\chardef\letter=11
-\chardef\other=12
-%\chardef\active=13 % is defined in Plain already
-
-\chardef\uscode=\catcode`\_ % top level macro file!
-
-\catcode`\_=\letter
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-%%% \sect Now some setup where I don't remember why I've done them,
-%%% perhaps it was only needed in our tutorials. -- But never change a
-%%% running program by yourself, let others do the work\,\dots
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\oddsidemargin=0pt
-\evensidemargin=\oddsidemargin
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-
-
-%%% \chap The Work is Simple.
-
-%%% Guess, the problem of implementation is no problem: We write the whole
-%%% stuff to a file and read it back twice. One time for typesetting it as
-%%% it is, second time for typesetting it verbatim. That's all.
-
-%%% So let's define our file variable and name first:
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\newwrite\example_file
-\def\example_name{\jobname.tmp } % <-- space!
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-%%% \sect Both parts of one example will be placed besides each other. We
-%%% use the margin for the example, too. (There is not much place anyhow.)
-%%% Between the two parts there is |\columnsep| space left.
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\newdimen\ExampleWidth
- \ExampleWidth=\textwidth
- \advance\ExampleWidth by \marginparwidth % stick into margins
- \advance\ExampleWidth by -\columnsep % between columns
- \divide\ExampleWidth by 2
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-%%% \sect When we're about, we may specify how to set the two parts. We
-%%% may assume that the complete text is in the file |\example_name|. Both
-%%% parts are typeset as minipages (it's better than vtop's for
-%%% |\footnote| examples and such like). Sectioning markups and other
-%%% stuff which setup things must behave as if they were not there --
-%%% nobody wants an entry in his table of contents because he has used a
-%%% |\section| markup in an example.
-
-%%% The horizontal rules are needed for a better (still not correct)
-%%% interline spacing.
-
-%%% {\it FIXME: How about index and glossary entries?}
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\def\ExampleSet{%
- \begin{minipage}[t]{\ExampleWidth}%
- \hrule height\z@
- \def\markboth##1##2{}%
- \def\markright##1{}%
- \def\addcontentsline##1##2##3{}%
- \input \example_name
- \par
- \hrule height\z@
- \end{minipage}%
- }
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-%%% \sect Grmpfh, the \LaTeX{} |verbatim| environment is sloppy
-%%% implemented (to say it polite). I will establish at least that a tab
-%%% is typeset as 8~spaces; this will help some people.
-
-%%% {\it FIXME: other\/ |verbatim| implementation!}
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\begingroup
- \catcode`\^^I=\active
- \gdef\@vobeytabs{\catcode`\^^I\active \let^^I\@xobeytab}
- \global\let^^I=\@xobeytab% % for \write's
-\endgroup
-\def\@xobeytab{\space\space\space\space\space\space\space\space}
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-%%% \sect The verbatim code is taken from \LaTeX{}:
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\def\ExampleVerb{%
- \begin{minipage}[t]{\ExampleWidth}%
- \hrule height\z@
- \begingroup
- \small
- \parindent\z@
- \rightskip\@flushglue
- \@makeother\"\@verbatim
- \frenchspacing \@vobeyspaces \@vobeytabs
- \input \example_name
- \endverbatim
- \endgroup
- \hrule height\z@
- \end{minipage}%
- }
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-
-
-%%% \chap Writing the example to the auxiliary file.
-
-%%% Now we come to the real environment: We open our auxiliary file and
-%%% start copying line by line afterwards. When we see the environment
-%%% end we will finish. As a convenience for input we will ignore empty
-%%% lines at the beginning of the example, this is flagged by |@ignore|.
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\def\example{
- \par
- \immediate\openout\example_file\example_name
- \begingroup
- \@makeother\"\let\do\@makeother \dospecials
- \obeylines \obeyspaces
- \@ignoretrue \copy_line
- }
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-%%% \sect We need a reference line of the example end to compare against.
-%%% This line we call |\end_of_example|. Of course all catcodes have to
-%%% set up appropriately.
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\begingroup
- \catcode`\|=\escape % | is temporary escape character
- \catcode`\[=\open % [ and ] are temporary grouping symbols
- \catcode`\]=\close
- \catcode`\{=\other % these are `other' in verbatim mode
- \catcode`\}=\other
- \catcode`\\=|other
- |gdef|end_of_example[\end{example}]
-|endgroup
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-%%% \sect Following the ``golden rules of \TeX{} macro coding,'' we will
-%%% split gathering of the next line and working with it. If the line
-%%% equals our reference line we will stop our envirenment. Of course, we
-%%% must call |\end| ourselves as we have just read it from the input and
-%%% it is already tokenized.
-
-%%% If we are inmidst the example we write the line to the auxiliary file,
-%%% if we shall not skip empty lines as indicated by |@ignore|.
-
-%%% {\it FIXME: The comparison should not be so rude!}
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\begingroup
- \obeylines \gdef\copy_line#1^^M{\write_line{#1}}%
-\endgroup
-
-\def\write_line#1{%
- \def\Next{#1}%
- \ifx \Next\end_of_example
- \def\Next{\end{example}}% % finish example
- \else
- \ifx \Next\empty
- \if@ignore % ignore empty lines at the beginning
- \else % but write them out later
- \immediate\write\example_file{\Next}%
- \fi
- \else
- \immediate\write\example_file{\Next}%
- \@ignorefalse % at least one non-empty line written
- \fi
- \let\Next\copy_line % next line of example
- \fi
- \Next
- }
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-%%% \sect Now we may handle our real work: The example text is written
-%%% out, we just have to set it two times. But first we must close the
-%%% file. Both parts are set by a |\leftline| which inserts glue by |\hss|
-%%% and will not yield an overfull hbox this way, it just sticks out to
-%%% the right.
-
-%%% We try to mimic a displayed equation in spacing -- it's better than
-%%% nothing (polishing needed).
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\def\endexample{%
- \endgroup
- \immediate\closeout\example_file
- \penalty \predisplaypenalty
- \vskip \abovedisplayskip
- \leftline{\ExampleSet \hskip\columnsep \ExampleVerb}%
- \penalty \postdisplaypenalty
- \vskip \belowdisplayskip
- }
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-%%% \sect We must restore our catcode and are finished.
-
-%%% \beginprog
-\catcode`\_=\uscode
-
-\endinput
-%%% \endprog
-
-
-
-%%% \end{document}
-