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+%% file: TXSprns.doc - Parentheses Sizing - TeXsis version 2.18
+%% @(#) $Id: TXSprns.doc,v 18.2 2000/05/17 00:19:46 myers Exp $
+%======================================================================*
+% (C) Copyright 1989, 1992 by Eric Myers and Frank E. Paige
+% This file is a part of TeXsis. Distribution and/or modifications
+% are allowed under the terms of the LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL).
+% See the file COPYING or ftp://ftp.texsis.org/texsis/LPPL
+%======================================================================*
+\ifx\undefined\meta \texsis\input TXSdocM.doc\draft\fi
+
+
+\subsection{Automatic Parentheses Sizing \label{sect.paren}}%
+Plain \TeX\ provides automatic adjustment of the sizes of parentheses
+and other delimiters when you use \cs{left} and \cs{right}, as in
+\index{parentheses!sizes}
+\example
+|$$|
+\cs{left}|(| \meta{math material } \cs{right}|)|
+|$$|
+\endexample
+\TeXsis\ provides similar automatic sizing of parentheses and square
+brackets in displayed equations without the need of typing \cs{left} and
+\cs{right}. You must still use \cs{left} and \cs{right} for all other
+delimiters, and they can be used for parentheses and square brackets if
+desired. This feature is turned on and off with \CS{autoparens} and
+\cs{offparens} respectively; the default, once you say \cs{texsis}, is
+\CS{autoparens}. Thus, for example,
+\TeXexample
+|smalltt\autoparens
+ $$
+( a \over b )
+ $$
+|endTeXexample
+produces
+\autoparens
+ $$
+( a \over b )
+ $$
+whereas
+\TeXexample
+|smalltt\offparens
+ $$
+( a \over b )
+ $$
+|endTeXexample
+\goodbreak\noindent
+produces
+\offparens
+ $$
+( a \over b )
+ $$
+\autoparens
+which is not what one normally desires.
+
+ The automatic sizing of parentheses works by making |)|, |(|, |]|,
+and |[| active characters in displayed equations and defining them to be
+macros which use \cs{left} and \cs{right} to size the parentheses. While
+this normally works properly and simplifies the typing of equations, it
+will fail if the \cs{left} and \cs{right} operators are not properly
+balanced, such as when a long equation is split between two or more
+lines with \cs{eqalign} or \cs{EQNalign}. Almost all such problems can be
+solved by using the control sequences \cs{lparen}, \cs{rparen}, \cs{lbrack},
+and \cs{rbrack}, which are taken from Plain \TeX\ and which give just the
+standard parenthesis and bracket characters. For example,
+$$
+\EQNalign{
+F &= \Biggl\lbrack (a \over b) + (c \over d) \cr
+&\qquad + (e \over f) + (g \over h) \Biggr\rbrack \cr}
+$$
+can be produced with
+\TeXexample
+$$
+\EQNalign{
+F &= \Biggl\lbrack (a \over b) + (c \over d) \cr
+&\quad + (e \over f) + (g \over h) \Biggr\rbrack \cr}
+$$
+|endTeXexample
+\noindent
+Note that in this example the parentheses are balanced on one line and
+so can be sized automatically, while the brackets span two lines and so
+must be sized ``by hand.'' The \cs{vbig} macro described in the next section
+provides additional flexibility for sizing.
+
+ If all else fails, you can use \cs{offparens} to turn off the
+automatic sizing of parentheses and put in \cs{left} and \cs{right} or
+explicit sizes yourself. In any case, you must put \cs{left} and
+\cs{right}, if needed, in in-line equations (math expressions which are
+not displayed equations), because. \CS{autoparens} only applies to
+displayed equations, not in-line math text.\Footnote\dag{Previous
+versions of \TeXsis\ used the control sequence \cs{onparens} to provide
+automatic parentheses sizing in {\it all} math-mode expressions. While
+you can still use this, we do not encourage it since it may cause
+problems with other uses of these characters.}
+
+%>>> EOF TXSprns.doc <<<