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-%%
-%% This is file `docultex.tex',
-%% Documentation for siam macros for use with LaTeX 2e
-%%
-%% By Paul Duggan for the Society for Industrial and Applied
-%% Mathematics.
-%%
-%% December 1, 1995
-%%
-%% Version 1.0a
-%%
-%% You are not allowed to change this file.
-%%
-%% You are allowed to distribute this file under the condition that
-%% it is distributed together with all of the files in the siam macro
-%% distribution. These are:
-%%
-%% siamltex.cls (main LaTeX macro for SIAM)
-%% siamltex.sty (includes siamltex.cls for compatibility mode)
-%% siam10.clo (size option for 10pt papers)
-%% subeqn.clo (allows equation numbners with lettered subelements)
-%% siam.bst (bibliographic style file for BibTeX)
-%% docultex.tex (this file)
-%% lexample.tex (example file for latex macro)
-%%
-%% If you receive only some of these files from someone, complain!
-%%
-%% You are NOT ALLOWED to distribute this file alone. You are NOT
-%% ALLOWED to take money for the distribution or use of either this
-%% file or a changed version, except for a nominal charge for copying
-%% etc.
-%% \CharacterTable
-%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
-%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
-%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
-%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
-%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
-%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
-%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
-%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
-%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
-%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
-%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
-%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
-%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
-%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
-
-\documentclass[final]{siamltex}
-
-\title{USING SIAM'S \LaTeX\ MACROS\thanks{This work was
-supported by the Society for Industrial and Applied
-Mathematics}}
-
-\author{Paul Duggan\thanks{Society for Industrial and
-Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
-(duggan@siam. org). Questions, comments, or corrections
-to this document may be directed to that email address.}}
-
-
-\begin{document}
-\maketitle
-
-\begin{abstract}
-Documentation is given for use of the SIAM \LaTeX\ macros. These
-macros are now compatible with \LaTeX$2_{\varepsilon}$.
-Instructions and suggestions for compliance with SIAM style
-standards are also included. Familiarity with standard \LaTeX\ commands
-is assumed.
-\end{abstract}
-
-\begin{keywords}\end{keywords}
-
-\begin{AMS}\end{AMS}
-
-
-\pagestyle{myheadings}
-\thispagestyle{plain}
-\markboth{PAUL DUGGAN}{USING SIAM'S \LaTeX\ MACROS}
-
-\section{Introduction}
-
-This file is documentation for the SIAM \LaTeX\ macros, and
-provides instruction for submission of your files.
-
-To accommodate authors who electronically typeset their manuscripts,
-SIAM supports the use of \LaTeX. To ensure quality typesetting according
-to SIAM style standards, SIAM provides a \LaTeX\ macro style file.
-Using \LaTeX\ to format a manuscript should simplify the editorial process
-and lessen the author's proofreading burden. However,
-it is still necessary to proofread the galley proofs with care.
-
-Electronic files should not be submitted until the paper has been
-accepted, and then not until requested to do so by someone in the SIAM
-office. Once an article is slated for an issue,
-someone from the SIAM office will contact the author about any or all
-of the following: editorial and stylistic queries,
-supplying the source files (and any supplementary macros)
-for the properly formatted article, and handling figures.
-
-When submitting electronic files (electronic submissions)
-(to {\tt tex@siam.org}) include the journal, issue, and author's
-name in the subject line of the message.
-Authors are responsible for ensuring that the paper generated
-from the source files exactly matches the paper that
-was accepted for publication by the review editor. If it does not,
-information on how it differs should be indicated in the transmission
-of the file. When submitting a file, please be sure to include any
-additional macros (other than those provided by SIAM) that will be
-needed to run the paper.
-
-SIAM uses MS-DOS-based computers for \LaTeX\ processing. Therefore
-all filenames should be restricted to eight characters or less,
-plus a three character extension.
-
-Once the files are corrected here at SIAM, we will mail the revised
-proofs to be read against the original edited hardcopy
-manuscript. We are not
-set up to shuttle back and forth varying electronic versions of each
-paper, so we must rely on hard copy of the galleys. The author's proofreading
-is an important but easily overlooked step. Even if SIAM were not
-to introduce a single editorial change into your manuscript, there
-would still be a need to check, because electronic transmission
-can introduce errors.
-
-The distribution contains the following items: {\tt
-siamltex.cls}, the main macro package based on {\tt
-article.cls}; {\tt siam10.clo}, for the ten-point size option;\linebreak
-{\tt subeqn.clo}, a style option for equation numbering (see \S3 for
-an explanation); and {\tt siam.bst},
- the style file for use with {\sc Bib}\TeX. Also included are this
-file {\tt docultex.tex} and a sample file {\tt lexample.tex}.
-The sample file represents a standard application of
-the macros. The rest of this paper will highlight
-some keys to effective macro use, as well as point out options and
-special cases, and describe SIAM style standards to which
-authors should conform.
-
-
-\section{Headings}
-The top matter of a journal paper falls into a standard
-format. It begins of course with the \verb|\documentclass| command
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-
-\documentclass{siamltex}
-
-\end{verbatim}
-
-Other class options can be included
-in the bracketed argument of the command, separated by commas.
-
-
-The title and author parts are formatted using the
-\verb|\title| and \verb|\author| commands as described in Lamport
-\cite{Lamport}. The \verb|\date|
-command is not used. \verb|\maketitle| produces the actual
-output of the commands.
-
-The addresses and support acknowledgments are put into the
-\verb|\author| commands via \verb|\thanks|. If support is
-overall for the authors, the support acknowledgment should
-be put in a \verb|\thanks| command in the \verb|\title|.
-Specific support should go following the addresses of the
-individual authors in the same \verb|\thanks| command.
-
-Sometimes authors have support or addresses in common which
-necessitates having multiple \verb|\thanks| commands for
-each author. Unfortunately \LaTeX\ does not normally allow this,
-so a special procedure must be used. An example of this procedure
-follows. Grant information can also be run into both authors'
-footnotes.
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-
-\title{TITLE OF PAPER}
-
-\author{A.~U. Thorone\footnotemark[2]\ \footnotemark[5]
-\and A.~U. Thortwo\footnotemark[3]\ \footnotemark[5]
-\and A.~U. Thorthree\footnotemark[4]}
-
-\begin{document}
-\maketitle
-
-\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
-
-\footnotetext[2]{Address of A.~U. Thorone}
-\footnotetext[3]{Address of A.~U. Thortwo}
-\footnotetext[4]{Address of A.~U. Thorthree}
-\footnotetext[5]{Support in common for the first and second
-authors.}
-
-\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\arabic{footnote}}
-
-\end{verbatim}
-
-Notice that the footnote marks begin with {\tt [2]}
-because the first mark (the asterisk) will be used in the
-title for date-received information by SIAM, even if not
-already used for support data. This is just one example;
-other situations follow a similar pattern.
-
-Following the author and title is the abstract, key words
-listing, and AMS subject classification number(s),
-designated using the \verb|{abstract}|, \verb|{keywords}|,
-and \verb|{AMS}| environments. If
-there is only one AMS number, the commands
-\verb|\begin{AM}| and \verb|\end{AM}| are used
-instead of \verb|{AMS}|. This causes the heading to be
-in the singular. Authors are responsible for providing AMS numbers.
-They can be found in the Annual Index of Math Reviews, or
-through {\tt e-Math} ({\tt telnet e-math.ams.com}; login
-and password are both {\tt e-math}).
-
-Left and right running heads should be provided in the
-following way.
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-
-\pagestyle{myheadings}
-\thispagestyle{plain}
-\markboth{A.~U. THORONE AND A.~U. THORTWO}{SHORTER PAPER
-TITLE}
-
-\end{verbatim}
-
-\section{Equations and mathematics}
-
-One advantage of \LaTeX\ is that it can automatically number
-equations and refer to these equation numbers in text. While plain \TeX's
-method of equation numbering (explicit numbering using
-\verb|\leqno|) works in the SIAM macro, it is not preferred
-except in certain cases. SIAM style guidelines call for
-aligned equations in many circumstances, and \LaTeX's
-\verb|{eqnarray}| environment is not compatible with
-\verb|\leqno| and \LaTeX\ is not compatible with the plain
-\TeX\ command \verb|\eqalign| and \verb|\leqalignno|. Since
-SIAM may have to alter or realign certain groups of
-equations, it is necessary to use the \LaTeX\ system of
-automatic numbering.
-
-Sometimes it is desirable to designate subequations of a larger
-equation number. The subequations are designated with
-(roman font) letters appended after the number. SIAM has
-supplemented its macros with the {\tt subeqn.clo} option which
-defines the environment \verb|{subequations}|.
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-
-\begin{subequations}\label{EKx}
-\begin{equation}
- y_k = B y_{k-1} + f, \qquad k=1,2,3,\ldots
-\end{equation}
-for any initial vector $ y_0$. Then
-\begin{equation}
- y_k\rightarrow u \mbox{\quad iff\quad} \rho( B)<1.
-\end{equation}
-\end{subequations}
-
-\end{verbatim}
-
-All equations within the \verb|{subequations}| environment
-will keep the same overall number, but the letter
-designation will increase.
-
-Clear equation formatting using \TeX\ can be challenging. Aside from
-the regular \TeX\ documentation, authors will find Nicholas
-J. Higham's book {\em Handbook of Writing for the Mathematical
-Sciences\/} \cite{Higham} useful for guidelines and tips on
-formatting with \TeX. The book covers many other topics related
-to article writing as well.
-
-Authors commonly make mistakes by using
- \verb|<|, \verb|>|, \verb|\mid|, and
-\verb|\parallel| as delimiters, instead of
-\verb|\langle|, \verb|\rangle|, \verb:|:,
-and \verb:\|:. The incorrect symbols have particular
-meanings distinct from the correct ones and should not be confused.
-
-\begin{table}[htbp]
-\caption{Illustration of incorrect delimiter use.}
-\begin{center}\footnotesize
-\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
-\begin{tabular}{|ll|ll|}\hline
-\multicolumn{2}{|c|}{{\bf Wrong}} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{{\bf Right}}\\ \hline
-\verb|<x, y>| & $<x, y>$ & \verb|\langle x, y\rangle| & $\langle x, y\rangle$\\
-\verb|5 < \mid A \mid| & $5 < \mid A \mid$ & \verb:5 < |A|: & $5 < |A|$\\
-\verb|6x = \parallel x|&&&\\
-\verb| - 1\parallel_{i}| & $6x = \parallel x - 1\parallel_{i}$ &
- \verb:6x = \|x - 1\|_{i}: & $6x = \| x - 1\|_{i}$\\ \hline
-\end{tabular}
-\end{center}
-\end{table}
-
-Another common author error is to put large (and even medium sized)
-matrices in-line with the text, rather than displaying them. This
-creates unattractive line spacing problems, and should be assiduously
-avoided. Text-sized matrices (like $({a \atop b} {b \atop c})$) might
-be used but anything much more complex than the example cited will
-not be easy to read and should be displayed.
-
-More information on the formatting of equations and aligned
-equations is found in Lamport \cite{Lamport}. Authors bear
-primary responsibility for formatting their equations within
-margins and in an aesthetically pleasing and informative manner.
-
-The SIAM macros include additional roman math words, or ``log-like"
-functions, to those provided in standard \TeX. The following
-commands are added: \verb:\const:, \verb:\diag:, \verb:\grad:,
-\verb:\Range:, \verb:\rank:, and \verb:\supp:.
-These commands produce the same word as the command name
-in math mode, in upright type.
-
-\section{Special fonts}
-
-SIAM supports the use of the AMS-\TeX\ fonts (version 2.0
-and later). The package \verb|amsfonts| can be included with
-the command\linebreak \verb|\usepackage{amsfonts}|. This package
-is part of the AMS-\LaTeX distribution, available
-from the AMS or from the Comprehensive TeX Archive
-Network (anonymous ftp to ftp.shsu.edu). The blackboard bold font in this
-font package can be used for designating number sets.
-This is preferable to other methods of combining letters
-(such as I and R for the real numbers) to produce pseudo-bold
-letters but this is tolerable as well. Typographically speaking,
-number sets may simply be designated using regular bold letters;
-the blackboard bold typeface was designed to fulfil a desire
-to simulate the limitations of a chalk board in printed type.
-
-
-\subsection{Punctuation}
-All standard punctuation and all numerals should be set in roman type
-(upright) even within italic text. The only exceptions are periods and
-commas. They may be set to match the surrounding text.
-
-References to sections should use the symbol \S, generated by
-\verb|\S|. (If the reference begins a sentence, the term ``Section''
-should be spelled out in full.) Authors should not redefine
-\verb|\S|, say, to be a calligraphic S, because \verb|\S|
-must be reserved for use as the section symbol.
-
-Authors sometimes confuse the use of various types of dashes.
-Hyphens (\verb|-|, -) are used for some compound words (many
-such words should have no hyphen but must be run together,
-like ``nonzero,'' or split apart, like ``well defined'').
-Minus signs (\verb|$-$|, $-$)
-should be used in math to represent subtraction or negative numbers.
-En dashes (\verb|--|, --) are used for ranges (like 3--5,
-June--August), or for joined names (like Runge--Kutta). Em dashes
-(\verb|---|, ---) are used to set off a clause---such as this
-one---from the rest of the sentence.
-
-
-\subsection{Text formatting}
-
-SIAM style preferences do not make regular use of the \verb|{enumerate}|
-and \verb|{itemize}| environments. Instead,
-{\tt siamltex.cls} includes definitions of two alternate list
-environments, \verb|{remunerate}| and \verb|{romannum}|.
-Unlike the standard itemized lists, these environments do
-not indent the secondary lines of text. The labels, whether
-defaults or the optional user-defined, are always aligned
-flush right.
-
-The \verb|{remunerate}| environment consecutively numbers
-each item with an arabic numeral followed by a period. This
-number is always upright, even in slanted
-environments. (For those wondering at the unusual
-naming of this environment, it comes from Seroul and Levy's
-\cite{SerLev} definition of a similar macro for plain \TeX:
-%{\tt \char"5C meti}
-\verb|\meti| which is
-% {\tt \char"5C item}
-\protect\verb|\item| spelled backwards. Thus
-%{\tt \{remunerate\}},
-\verb|{remunerate}|
-a portion of
-%{\tt \{enumerate\}}
-\verb|{enumerate}|
-spelled backwards.)
-
-The \verb|{romannum}| environment consecutively numbers
-each item with a lower-case roman numeral enclosed in
-parentheses. This number will always be upright within
-slanted environments (as in theorems).
-
-
-\section{Theorems and Lemmas}
-Theorems, lemmas, corollaries, definitions, and propositions are covered
-in the SIAM macros by the theorem-environments
-\verb|{theorem}|, \verb|{lemma}|, \verb|{corollary}|,
-\verb|{definition}| and \verb|{proposition}|. These are all
-numbered in the same sequence and produce labels in small
-caps with an italic body. Other environments may be specified by the
-\verb|\newtheorem| command. SIAM's style is for Remarks and Examples
-to appear with italic labels and an upright roman body.
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-
-\begin{theorem}
-Sample theorem included for illustration.
-Numbers and parentheses, like equation $(3.2)$, should be set
-in roman type. Note that words (as opposed to ``log-like''
-functions) in displayed equations, such as
-$$ x^2 = Y^2 \sin z^2 \mbox{ for all } x $$
-will appear in italic type in a theorem, though normally
-they should appear in roman.\end{theorem}
-
-\end{verbatim}
-
-This sample produces Theorem 4.1 below.
-
-\begin{theorem}
-Sample theorem included for illustration.
-Numbers and parentheses, like equation $(3.2)$, should be set
-in roman type. Note that words (as opposed to ``log-like''
-functions) in displayed equations, such as
-$$ x^2 = Y^2 \sin z^2 \mbox{ for all } x $$
-will appear in italic type in a theorem, though normally
-they should appear in roman.
-\end{theorem}
-
-
-Proofs are handled with the \verb|\begin{proof}|
-\verb|\end{proof}| environment. A ``QED'' box \endproof\ is created
-automatically by \verb|\end{proof}|, but this should be
-preceded with a \verb|\qquad|.
-
-Named proofs, if used, must be done independently by the
-authors. SIAM style specifies that proofs which end with
-displayed equations should have the QED box two ems (\verb|\qquad|)
-from the end of the equation on line with it horizontally.
-Below is an example of how this can be done:
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-
-{\em Proof}. Proof of the previous theorem
- .
- .
- .
-thus,
-$$
-a^2 + b^2 = c^2 \qquad\endproof
-$$
-
-\end{verbatim}
-
-
-\section{Figures and tables}
-Figures and tables sometimes require special consideration.
-Tables in SIAM style are need to be set in eight point size
-by using the \verb|\footnotesize| command inside the
-\verb|\begin{table}| environment. Also, they should be designed
-so that they do not extend beyond the text margins.
-
-SIAM style requires that no figures or tables appear in the
-references section of the paper. \LaTeX\ is notorious for
-making figure placement difficult, so it is important to
-pay particular attention to figure placement near the
-references in the text. All figures and tables should
-be referred to in the text.
-
-SIAM supports the use of {\tt epsfig} for including {\sc PostScript}
-figures. All {\sc Post\-Script} figures should be sent in separate
-files. See the {\tt epsfig} documentation (available via
-anonymous ftp from CTAN: ftp.shsu.edu) for more details on the use
-of this style option. It is a good idea to submit high-quality
-hardcopy of all {\sc Post\-Script} figures just in case there
-is difficulty in the reproduction of the figure. Figures produced
-by other non-\TeX\ methods should be included as high-quality
-hardcopy when the manuscript is submitted.
-
-{\sc PostScript} figures that are sent should be generated with
-sufficient line thickness. Some past figures authors have sent
-had their line widths become very faint when SIAM set the papers
-using a high-quality 1200dpi printer.
-
-Hardcopy for non-{\sc PostScript} figures should be included in
-the submission of the hardcopy of the manuscript. Space
-should be left in the \verb|{figure}| command for the
-hardcopy to be inserted in production.
-
-\section{Bibliography and Bib\TeX}
-
-If using {\sc Bib}\TeX, authors need not submit the {\tt .bib} file for
-their papers. Merely submit the completed {\tt .bbl} file, having used
-{\tt siam.bst} as their bibliographic style file. {\tt siam.bst}
-only works with Bib\TeX\ version 99i and later. The use of
-Bib\TeX\ and the preparation of a {\tt .bib} file is
-described in greater detail in \cite{Lamport}.
-
-If not using Bib\TeX, SIAM bibliographic references follow
-the format of the following examples:
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-
-\bibitem{Ri} {\sc W. Riter},
-{\em Title of a paper appearing in a book}, in The Book
-Title, E.~D. One, E.~D. Two, and A.~N. Othereditor, eds.,
-Publisher, Location, 1992, pp.~000--000.
-
-\bibitem{AuTh1} {\sc A.~U. Thorone}, {\em Title of paper
-with lower case letters}, SIAM J. Abbrev. Correctly, 2
-(1992), pp.~000--000.
-
-\bibitem{A1A2} {\sc A.~U. Thorone and A.~U. Thortwo}, {\em
-Title of paper appearing in book}, in Book Title: With All
-Initial Caps, Publisher, Location, 1992.
-
-\bibitem{A1A22} \sameauthor, % generates the 3 em rule
-{\em Title of Book{\rm :} Note Initial Caps and {\rm ROMAN
-TYPE} for Punctuation and Acronyms}, Publisher,
-Location, pp.~000--000, 1992.
-
-\bibitem{AuTh3} {\sc A.~U. Thorthree}, {\em Title of paper
-that's not published yet}, SIAM. J. Abbrev. Correctly, to appear.
-
-\end{verbatim}
-
-Other types of references fall into the same general
-pattern. See the sample file or any SIAM journal for other
-examples. Authors must correctly format their bibliography to
-be considered as having used the macros correctly. An incorrectly
-formatted bibliography is not only time-consuming for SIAM to
-process but it is possible that errors may be introduced into
-it by keyboarders/copy editors.
-
-As an alternative to the above style of reference, an alphanumeric
-code may be used in place of the number (e.g., [AUTh90]). The same
-commands are used, but \verb|\bibitem| takes an optional argument
-containing the desired alphanumeric code.
-
-Another alternative is no number, simply the authors' names and
-the year of publication following in parentheses. The rest of the
-format is identical. The macros do not support this alternative
-directly, but modifications to the macro definition are possible
-if this reference style is preferred.
-
-
-\section{Conclusion} Many other style suggestions and tips
-could be given to help authors but are beyond the scope of this
-document. Simple mistakes can be avoided by increasing your familiarity
-with how \LaTeX\ functions. The books referred to throughout this document
-are also useful to the author who wants clear, beautiful typography
-with minimal mistakes.
-
-\Appendix
-\section{The use of appendices}
-The \verb|\appendix| command may be used before the final sections
-of a paper to designate them as appendices. Once \verb|\appendix|
-is called, all subsequent sections will appear as
-
-\appendix
-\section{Title of appendix} Each one will be sequentially lettered
-instead of numbered. Theorem-like environments, subsections,
-and equations will also have the section number changed to a letter.
-
-If there is only {\em one} appendix, however, the \verb|\Appendix|
-(with a capital letter) should be used instead. This produces only
-the word {\bf Appendix} in the section title, and does not add a letter.
-Equation numbers, theorem numbers and subsections of the appendix
-will have the letter ``A'' designating the section number.
-
-If you don't want to title your appendix, and just call it
-{\bf Appendix A.} for example, use \verb|\appendix\section*{}|
-and don't include anything in the title field. This works
-opposite to the way \verb|\section*| usually works, by including the
-section number, but not using a title.
-
-
-Appendices should appear before the bibliography section, not after,
-and any acknowledgments should be placed after the appendices and before
-the bibliography.
-
-\begin{thebibliography}{1}
-\bibitem{GoMiSa} {\sc M. Goossens, F. Mittelbach, and A. Samarin},
-{\em The} \LaTeX\ {\em Companion}, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1994.
-
-\bibitem{Higham} {\sc N.~J. Higham}, {\em Handbook of Writing for
-the Mathematical Sciences}, Society for Industrial and Applied
-Mathematics, Philadelphia, PA, 1993.
-
-\bibitem{Lamport} {\sc L. Lamport}, \LaTeX: {\em A Document
-Preparation System}, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1986.
-
-\bibitem{SerLev} {\sc R. Seroul and S. Levy}, {\em A
-Beginner's Book of} \TeX, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, New
-York, 1991.
-\end{thebibliography}
-
-
-\end{document}
-%% end of file `docultex.tex' \ No newline at end of file