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+% $Id: pst-labo-docEN.tex,v 1.4 2005/10/13 19:07:24 patrick Exp patrick $
+\title{\texttt{PST-Labo} - chemical objects\thanks{The english translation was done by Patrick Drechsler}\\
+\footnotesize{version \PSTfileversion}}
+\author{%
+Denis Girou\thanks{\url{Denis.Girou@idris.fr}},
+Christophe Jorssen\thanks{\url{Christophe.Jorssen@wanadoo.fr}},
+Manuel Luque\thanks{\url{Mluque5130@aol.com}} and
+Herbert Vo\ss\thanks{\url{voss@pstricks.de}}}
+\date{\today}
+\maketitle
+
+\begin{abstract}
+ \LPack{pst-labo} provides macros for a variety of devices used
+ mainly for chemical applications.\cite{pst-labo} Since most of these
+ devices have a standardised design \LPack{pst-labo} spares you the
+ trouble of having to create them manually. Besides the usage of the
+ package \LPack{pst-osci} this document also describes how to create
+ ``high-level'' objects using the command \PST .\cite{PSTricks2} All
+ basic objects are included in the file \LFile{pst-laboObj.tex} and
+ are loaded during the start of \LPack{pst-labo}. These objects can
+ be used for personal extensions. Section~\ref{sec:pstlabo:Objects}
+ gives an overview of all objects.
+\end{abstract}
+
+\tableofcontents
+
+\newpage
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\section{Parameter}\label{sec:pstlabo8:Parameter}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Table~\ref{tab:pst-labo:Parameter} describes all parameters unique to
+\LPack{pst-labo}.
+
+\noindent
+\LTXtable{\linewidth}{pstlabo8-tab1-EN.tex}%
+
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{glassType}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-glassType}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Loption{glassType} describes the type of glass container. A normal
+test tube is used by default.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[preset=\raggedright]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstTubeEssais
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=ballon]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=erlen]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=becher]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=flacon]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=fioleJauge]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{bouchon}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-bouchon}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{bouchon} seals the respective glass container with
+a plug.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.575\linewidth,preset=\raggedright]
+\psset{unit=0.45cm}
+\psset{bouchon=true}
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=tube]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=ballon]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=erlen]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=flacon]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{pince}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-pince}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{pince} attaches a wooden test tub clamp to the
+glass container.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.55\linewidth,preset=\raggedright]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\psset{bouchon=true,pince=true}
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=tube]\hspace{1cm}
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=erlen]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{tubeDroit}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-tubeDroit}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{tubeDroit} inserts a narrow glass tube into the
+glass container. Since this combination is only useful in combination
+with the option \verb+bouchon=true+ it is set to this value by default
+internally. It is to be noted that there is no vertical spacing of the
+narrow glass tube inserted by default, so the user has to take care of
+this manually, f.\,ex.~using \verb+\rule{0pt}{4cm}+.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.55\linewidth,preset=\raggedright]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\psset{tubeDroit=true}
+\rule{0pt}{4cm}%
+\pstTubeEssais
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=ballon]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=erlen]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{tubeCoude}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-tubeCoude}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{tubeCoude} is basically identical to the previous
+one, except for the fact that a right-angled glass tube is
+drawn. Therefor the extra space needed in the vertical direction is
+less.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.55\linewidth,preset=\raggedright]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\psset{tubeCoude=true}
+\rule{0pt}{2.5cm}%
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=erlen]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{tubeCoudeU}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-tubeCoudeU}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{tubeCoude} is basically identical to the previous
+one, except for the fact that a U-shaped glass tube is drawn. Therefor
+there is less space needed in the vertical direction.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.5\linewidth,preset=\raggedright]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\psset{tubeCoudeU=true}
+\rule{0pt}{2.5cm}%
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=ballon]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{tubeCoudeUB}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-tubeCoudeUB}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{tubeCoudeUB} is an extension of the U-shaped glass
+tube which is only useful if extending the tube to the bottom makes
+sense, as shown for instance in the macro \Lmcs{pstChauffageBallon}.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t,preset=\raggedright]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,glassType=ballon}
+\pstChauffageBallon[tubeCoudeU] \pstChauffageBallon[tubeCoudeUB]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{etiquette} and \texttt{Numero}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-etiquette}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{etiquette} is a switch displaying labels defined
+using the option \Loption{Numero}.
+
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.42\linewidth,preset=\raggedright]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstTubeEssais[etiquette]
+\pstTubeEssais[etiquette,Numero=1]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=flacon,bouchon,%
+ etiquette,Numero={\small Cu$^{2+}$}]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{tubePenche}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-tubePenche}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{tubePenche} allows tilting the chemical devices to
+almost any desired angle while keeping the the air-water level
+horizontal. The angles must be within the interval of $-65\ldots
++65$.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.4\linewidth,preset=\raggedright]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,tubePenche=40]
+\pstTubeEssais[tubePenche=-20,bouchon]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{tubeSeul}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-tubeSeul}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Loption{tubeSeul} influences the size of the chosen box. This can be
+advantageous as the following example using \Lmcs{psframebox} shows:
+If you do not wish to add a further container to the box on the right
+hand side the box would still have the same size as the one on the
+left. The option \verb+tubeSeul=true+ prevents this from
+happening. This option only has effects in combination with the macro
+\Lmcs{pstChauffageTube} and glass containers of the type \verb+ballon+
+and \verb+tube+.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,glassType=ballon,becBunsen}
+\psframebox{\pstChauffageTube[becBunsen,barbotage]}
+\psframebox{\pstChauffageTube[tubeSeul=true]}
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{becBunsen}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-becBunsen}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{becbunsen} toggles the drawing of a Bunsen burner.
+\Loption{becbunsen} is set to \verb+true+ by default for the macro
+\Lmcs{pstChauffeTube} and to \verb+false+ for the macro
+\Lmcs{pstChauffageBallon}.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.5\linewidth]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,tubeSeul=true}
+\pstChauffageTube
+\pstChauffageTube[becBunsen=false]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{barbotage}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-barbotage}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{barbotage} creates an additional test tube which is
+connected via a narrow glass tube to the original glass container. To
+supply the necessary space the option \Loption{tubeSeul} should not be
+activated (see section~\vref{subsec-pstlabo-tubeSeul})
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstChauffageTube[tubeSeul=true]
+\pstChauffageTube[barbotage]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{substance}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-substance}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The type of substance within the glass container can be selected by
+the option \Loption{substance}. The default value is a blue fluid
+(\Lmcs{pstBullesChampagne}). The available macros are summarised in
+table~\ref{tab-pstlabo-substance}. It should be pointed out that
+\Lmcs{pstFilaments} and \Lmcs{pstBULLES} are required parameters.
+
+\begin{table}[!htb]
+\caption{Summary of macros for the option \Loption{substance}}\label{tab-pstlabo-substance}
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{@{}lcl@{}}
+\emph{macro} & \emph{default} & \emph{comment}\\\hline
+\Lmcs{pstBullesChampagne}\Largs{value} & 25 & standard\\
+\Lmcs{pstFilaments}\Largs{value}\Largb{color} & 5\\
+\Lmcs{pstBilles}\Largs{value} & 50 & two dimensional\\
+\Lmcs{pstBULLES}\Largs{value}\Largb{color} & 20 & three dimensional
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+The optional value describes the number of passes for the internal
+\Lmcs{multido}-loop. It is basically unlimited although values larger
+than $80$ can lead to problems with \TeX 's defined memory. The later
+can be modified in the \TeX\ configuration file. The location of this
+file can be acquired using \verb+kpsewhich texmf.cnf+.
+
+\begin{lstlisting}[language=sh]
+voss@shania:~> kpsewhich texmf.cnf
+/usr/local/texlive/2005/texmf/web2c/texmf.cnf
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+
+The first example shows the default values using two random
+colours. The second example demonstrates the use of optional
+arguments. Basically the macros \Loption{substance} and
+\Loption{solide} can be mixed randomly.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,glassType=becher}
+\pstTubeEssais
+\pstTubeEssais[substance=\pstBullesChampagne]
+\pstTubeEssais[substance=\pstFilaments{red}]
+\pstTubeEssais[substance=\pstBilles]
+\pstTubeEssais[substance=\pstBULLES{white}]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,glassType=becher}
+\pstTubeEssais[substance={\pstBullesChampagne[80]}]
+\pstTubeEssais[substance={\pstFilaments[20]{black}}]
+\pstTubeEssais[substance={\pstBilles[80]}]
+\pstTubeEssais[substance={\pstBULLES[20]{white}}]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+When using the optional parameters for internal looping it has to be
+noted that this parameter itself is used as part of another optional
+parameter and therefor has to be set in curly braces as the above
+example illustrates.
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{solide}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-solide}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{solide} describes the type of substance within the
+glass containers. Table~\ref{tab-pstlabo-solide} summarises all
+available values. The same rules apply as described in
+section~\ref{subsec-pstlabo-substance}.
+
+\begin{table}[!htb]
+\caption{Summary of macros for the option \Loption{substance}}\label{tab-pstlabo-solide}
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{@{}lc@{}}
+\emph{macro} & \emph{default} \\\hline
+\Lmcs{pstTournureCuivre}\Largs{value} & 30 \\
+\Lmcs{pstClouFer}\Largs{value} & 60\\
+\Lmcs{pstGrenailleZinc}\Largs{value} & 25
+\end{tabular}
+\end{table}
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,glassType=becher}
+\pstTubeEssais
+\pstTubeEssais[solide=\pstTournureCuivre]
+\pstTubeEssais[solide=\pstClouFer]
+\pstTubeEssais[solide=\pstGrenailleZinc]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,glassType=becher}
+\pstTubeEssais[solide={\pstTournureCuivre[50]}]
+\pstTubeEssais[solide={\pstGrenailleZinc[80]}]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=ballon,solide={\pstClouFer[50]}]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{tubeRecourbe}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-tubeRecourbe}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{tubeRecourbe} creates a device to collect exhausting
+gas from the glass container, including a Bunsen burner.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t,preset=\raggedright]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,glassType=erlen,recuperationGaz,substance=\pstTournureCuivre}
+\pstChauffageBallon
+\pstChauffageBallon[tubeRecourbe]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{tubeRecourbeCourt}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-tubeRecourbeCourt}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The option \Loption{tubeRecourbe} creates a device to collect exhausting
+gas from the glass container, excluding a Bunsen burner.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t,preset=\raggedright]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,glassType=flacon,recuperationGaz,substance=\pstFilaments{red}}
+\pstChauffageBallon[tubeRecourbe]
+\pstChauffageBallon[tubeRecourbeCourt]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{doubletube}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-doubletube}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Loption{doubletube} enables arranging two narrow glass tubes, one of
+which has a stopcock.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.6\linewidth]
+\rule{0pt}{4cm}
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,glassType=ballon,%
+ substance=\pstClouFer}
+\pstBallon
+\pstBallon[doubletube]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{refrigerantBoulle}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-refrigerantBoulle}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Loption{refrigerantBoulle} is one of the options for outputting a
+more complex setup. When adding further devices it should be noted
+that the geometrical origin is located in the centre of the setup.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[width=0.3\linewidth]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstBallon[refrigerantBoulles,glassType=ballon,%
+ substance=\pstClouFer]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{recuperationGaz}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-recuperationGaz}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Loption{recuperationGaz} describes the device collecting expanded gases.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,glassType=flacon,tubeRecourbe,substance={\pstFilaments[10]{red}}}
+\pstChauffageBallon
+\pstChauffageBallon[recuperationGaz]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{burette}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-burette}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The macro \Lmcs{pstDosage} displays a buret by default. This option
+suppresses its display.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.4cm}
+\pstDosage[glassType=erlen]
+\pstDosage[glassType=erlen,burette=false]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{niveauReactifBurette} and \texttt{couleurReactifBurette}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-niveauReactifBurette}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Loption{niveauReactifBurette} and \Loption{couleurReactifBurette}
+control amount and color of the fluid in the buret.
+
+\begin{center}
+\bgroup
+\psset{unit=0.4cm,glassType=erlen,niveauLiquide1=60}
+\pstDosage[niveauReactifBurette=25,couleurReactifBurette=cyan]
+\pstDosage[niveauReactifBurette=10]
+\egroup
+\end{center}
+\begin{lstlisting}
+\psset{unit=0.4cm,glassType=erlen,niveauLiquide1=60}
+\pstDosage[niveauReactifBurette=25,couleurReactifBurette=cyan]
+\pstDosage[niveauReactifBurette=10]
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{AspectMelange} and \texttt{CouleurDistillat}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-AspectMelange}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Loption{AspectMelange} defines the color of a chemical substance and
+must comply to a predefined style to ensure the creation of a color
+gradient. \Loption{CouleurDistillat} defines the color of the
+distillate without this restriction.
+
+\begin{center}
+\bgroup
+\psset{unit=0.4cm}
+\pstDistillation(-3,-10)(7,6)\quad
+\pstDistillation[AspectMelange=Diffusion,CouleurDistillat=red](-3,-10)(7,6)
+\egroup
+\end{center}
+
+\begin{lstlisting}
+\psset{unit=0.4cm}
+\pstDistillation(-3,-10)(7,6)\quad
+\pstDistillation[AspectMelange=Diffusion,CouleurDistillat=red](-3,-10)(7,6)
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{phmetre}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-phmetre}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Loption{phmetre} displays a pH-meter. Note that this option is only
+available with the macro \Lmcs{pstDosage}.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,glassType=becher,burette=false}
+\pstDosage
+\pstDosage[phmetre]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{agitateurMagnetique}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-agitateurMagnetique}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Loption{agitateurMagnetique} is activated by default and displays a
+heat block. When deactivated this option only the symbols are
+suppressed, the rectangle is still displayed.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,burette=false,glassType=becher}
+\pstDosage
+\pstDosage[agitateurMagnetique=false]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\texttt{niveauLiquide1}, \texttt{niveauLiquide2}, \texttt{niveauLiquide3}
+ and \texttt{aspectLiquide1}, \texttt{aspectLiquide2}, \texttt{aspectLiquide3}}\label{subsec-pstlabo-niveauLiquide1}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+These options define fluid level and style of the liquids 1, 2 and 3
+respectively. The style can either be one of the default values or a
+newly defined one as described in
+section~\ref{subsec-pstlabo-substance}. Depending on the macro used
+not all possible options can be used.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.4cm,glassType=becher}
+\rule{0pt}{6cm}
+\pstDosage[niveauReactifBurette=18,niveauLiquide1=30,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,%
+ glassType=becher,phmetre=true]
+\pstDosage[niveauReactifBurette=20,niveauLiquide1=40,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,%
+ glassType=becher,phmetre=false,agitateurMagnetique=false]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+\bgroup
+\makebox[\textwidth]{%
+\begin{pspicture}(0,0)(5,6)
+ \rput(4,3){\pstChauffageBallon[becBunsen=true,unit=0.5]}
+ \rput(2.5,4){\pstBallon[glassType=becher,xunit=1,yunit=0.5,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,runit=0.7]}
+ \psset{glassType=tube}
+ \rput(2.5,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=70,aspectLiquide1=Diffusion]}
+ \rput(3,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=75,aspectLiquide1=Sang]}
+ \rput(2,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=80]}
+\end{pspicture}
+\begin{pspicture}(0,0)(5,6)
+ \rput(4,3){\pstChauffageBallon[becBunsen=true,unit=0.5]}
+ \rput(2.5,4){\pstBallon[glassType=becher,xunit=1,yunit=0.5,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,runit=0.7]}
+ \rput(2.4,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=70,aspectLiquide1=Diffusion]}
+ \rput(2.8,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=65,aspectLiquide1=Sang]}
+ \rput(1.7,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=80,tubePenche=10]}
+ \rput(3.5,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=80,tubePenche=-10]}
+\end{pspicture}
+\begin{pspicture}(1,3)(5,6)
+ \rput(2.5,4){\pstBallon[glassType=ballon,unit=0.5,niveauLiquide1=15]}
+ \rput(1.3,5.4){\pstTubeEssais[unit=0.5,niveauLiquide1=95,
+ niveauLiquide2=60,niveauLiquide3=30,tubePenche=-60]}
+\end{pspicture}
+}
+\egroup
+
+\begin{lstlisting}
+\begin{pspicture}(0,0)(5,6)
+ \rput(4,3){\pstChauffageBallon[becBunsen=true,unit=0.5]}
+ \rput(2.5,4){\pstBallon[glassType=becher,xunit=1,yunit=0.5,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,runit=0.7]}
+ \psset{glassType=tube}
+ \rput(2.5,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=70,aspectLiquide1=Diffusion]}
+ \rput(3,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=75,aspectLiquide1=Sang]}
+ \rput(2,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=80]}
+\end{pspicture}
+\begin{pspicture}(0,0)(5,6)
+ \rput(4,3){\pstChauffageBallon[becBunsen=true,unit=0.5]}
+ \rput(2.5,4){\pstBallon[glassType=becher,xunit=1,yunit=0.5,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,runit=0.7]}
+ \rput(2.4,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=70,aspectLiquide1=Diffusion]}
+ \rput(2.8,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=65,aspectLiquide1=Sang]}
+ \rput(1.7,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=80,tubePenche=10]}
+ \rput(3.5,3.7){\pstTubeEssais[tubeDroit=true,unit=0.35,niveauLiquide1=80,tubePenche=-10]}
+\end{pspicture}
+\begin{pspicture}(1,3)(5,6)
+ \rput(2.5,4){\pstBallon[glassType=ballon,unit=0.5,niveauLiquide1=15]}
+ \rput(1.3,5.4){\pstTubeEssais[unit=0.5,niveauLiquide1=95,
+ niveauLiquide2=60,niveauLiquide3=30,tubePenche=-60]}
+\end{pspicture}
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\section{Predefined colours and styles}\label{sec:pstlabo8:Stile}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The following summary shows all predefined colours and styles provided
+by the package \LPack{pst-labo}, all of which all can be adapted by
+the user.
+
+\begin{lstlisting}[xrightmargin=-\marginparwidth]
+\definecolor{Beige} {rgb}{0.96,0.96,0.86}
+\definecolor{GrisClair} {rgb}{0.8,0.8,0.8}
+\definecolor{GrisTresClair} {rgb}{0.9,0.9,0.9}
+\definecolor{OrangeTresPale}{cmyk}{0,0.1,0.3,0}
+\definecolor{OrangePale} {cmyk}{0,0.2,0.4,0}
+\definecolor{BleuClair} {cmyk}{0.2,0,0,0}
+\definecolor{LightBlue} {rgb}{.68,.85,.9}
+\definecolor{Copper} {cmyk}{0,0.9,0.9,0.2}
+\definecolor{Marron} {cmyk}{0,0.3,0.5,.3}
+%
+\newpsstyle{aspectLiquide1} {linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=cyan}
+\newpsstyle{aspectLiquide2} {linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=yellow}
+\newpsstyle{aspectLiquide3} {linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=magenta}
+\newpsstyle{Champagne} {linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=Beige}
+\newpsstyle{BilleThreeD} {linestyle=none,fillstyle=gradient,gradmidpoint=0,gradend=white,GradientCircle=true}
+\newpsstyle{Sang} {linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=red}
+\newpsstyle{Cobalt} {linewidth=0.2,fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=blue}
+\newpsstyle{Huile} {linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=yellow}
+\newpsstyle{Vinaigre} {linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=magenta}
+\newpsstyle{Diffusion} {linestyle=none,fillstyle=gradient,gradmidpoint=0}
+\newpsstyle{DiffusionMelange2}{fillstyle=gradient,gradbegin=white,gradend=red,gradmidpoint=0,linecolor=red}
+\newpsstyle{flammeEtGrille} {linestyle=none,fillstyle=gradient,gradmidpoint=0,gradbegin=OrangePale,gradend=yellow}
+\newpsstyle{rayuresJaunes} {fillstyle=hlines,linecolor=yellow,hatchcolor=yellow}
+\newpsstyle{DiffusionBleue} {fillstyle=gradient,gradmidpoint=0,linestyle=none,gradbegin=green,gradend=cyan}
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\section{Macros}\label{sec:pstlabo8:Makros}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\CMD{pstTubeEssais}}\label{sec:pstlabo8:pstTubeEssais}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This macro displays the simplest type of glass container and has
+already been used numerous times in previous examples. The default
+value when used without further parameters is a normal test tube
+(\verb+glassType=tube+).
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.5}
+\pstTubeEssais
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=becher]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=erlen,niveauLiquide1=80]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=flacon]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=ballon,niveauLiquide1=20,aspectLiquide1=DiffusionBleue]
+\pstTubeEssais[glassType=fioleJauge]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\CMD{pstChauffageTube}}\label{sec:pstlabo8:pstChauffageTube}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Lmcs{pstChauffageTube} enhances the previous macro to include either
+a heat block, a Bunsen burner or a second narrow glass tube
+respectively.
+
+\begin{center}
+\bgroup
+\psset{unit=0.5}
+\pstChauffageTube[tubeSeul]
+\pstChauffageTube[glassType=ballon,becBunsen=false,tubeSeul]
+\pstChauffageTube[glassType=erlen,becBunsen,pince,tubeSeul]
+\pstChauffageTube[becBunsen,barbotage,glassType=flacon]
+\pstChauffageTube[becBunsen,tubeCoude,glassType=ballon,niveauLiquide1=20,%
+ aspectLiquide1=DiffusionBleue,tubeSeul,pince]
+\egroup
+\end{center}
+
+\begin{lstlisting}[xrightmargin=-\marginparwidth]
+\psset{unit=0.5}
+\pstChauffageTube[tubeSeul]
+\pstChauffageTube[glassType=ballon,becBunsen=false,tubeSeul]
+\pstChauffageTube[glassType=erlen,becBunsen,pince,tubeSeul]
+\pstChauffageTube[becBunsen,barbotage,glassType=flacon]
+\pstChauffageTube[becBunsen,tubeCoude,glassType=ballon,niveauLiquide1=20,%
+ aspectLiquide1=DiffusionBleue,tubeSeul,pince]
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\CMD{pstBallon}}\label{sec:pstlabo8:pstBallon}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Lmcs{pstBallon} is basically identical to \Lmcs{pstTubeEssais} with
+more possible options.
+
+\begin{center}
+\bgroup
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstBallon\hspace{-0.5cm}
+\pstBallon[glassType=erlen]\hspace{-0.5cm}
+\pstBallon[glassType=becher,xunit=0.75cm,yunit=0.3cm,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,runit=0.4cm]\hspace{-0.5cm}
+\raisebox{0.5cm}{\pstBallon[refrigerantBoulles=true]}
+\egroup
+\end{center}
+
+\begin{lstlisting}[xrightmargin=-\marginparwidth]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstBallon\hspace{-0.5cm}
+\pstBallon[glassType=erlen]\hspace{-0.5cm}
+\pstBallon[glassType=becher,xunit=0.75cm,yunit=0.25cm,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,runit=0.4cm]\hspace{-0.5cm}
+\raisebox{1cm}{\pstBallon[refrigerantBoulles=true]}
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\CMD{pstChauffageBallon}}\label{sec:pstlabo8:pstChauffageBallon}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Lmcs{pstChauffageBallon} enhances the previous macro by displaying a
+Bunsen burner by default.
+
+\begin{center}
+\bgroup
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstChauffageBallon
+\pstChauffageBallon[barbotage,tubeCoudeUB,becBunsen,substance=\pstBilles]\\
+\pstChauffageBallon[glassType=flacon,recuperationGaz,tubeRecourbeCourt,substance={\pstFilaments[10]{red}}]
+\pstChauffageBallon[doubletube,recuperationGaz,substance=\pstClouFer]
+\egroup
+\end{center}
+
+\begin{lstlisting}[xrightmargin=-\marginparwidth]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstChauffageBallon
+\pstChauffageBallon[barbotage,tubeCoudeUB,becBunsen,substance=\pstBilles]\\
+\pstChauffageBallon[glassType=flacon,recuperationGaz,tubeRecourbeCourt,substance={\pstFilaments[10]{red}}]
+\pstChauffageBallon[doubletube,recuperationGaz,substance=\pstClouFer]
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+
+
+\begin{center}
+\bgroup
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstChauffageBallon[glassType=erlen,tubeRecourbe,recuperationGaz,substance=\pstTournureCuivre]\hspace{3cm}
+\pstChauffageBallon[glassType=becher,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,substance=\pstBullesChampagne]\hspace{.25cm}
+\pstChauffageBallon[glassType=erlen,substance=\pstBullesChampagne,tubeDroit]
+\egroup
+\end{center}
+
+\begin{lstlisting}[xrightmargin=-\marginparwidth]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstChauffageBallon[glassType=erlen,tubeRecourbe,recuperationGaz,substance=\pstTournureCuivre]
+\pstChauffageBallon[glassType=becher,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,substance=\pstBullesChampagne]
+\pstChauffageBallon[glassType=erlen,substance=\pstBullesChampagne,tubeDroit]
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\CMD{pstEntonnoir}}\label{sec:pstlabo8:pstTubeEssais}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Lmcs{pstEntonnoir} displays a funnel. Called without any parameters
+it is combined with a test tube. It can be combined with any kind of setup.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}[pos=t]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstEntonnoir
+\pstEntonnoir[glassType=becher,tubePenche=-20]
+\pstEntonnoir[glassType=flacon,etiquette=true,Numero={\green 37},%
+ aspectLiquide1=DiffusionBleue,niveauLiquide1=80]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\CMD{pstEprouvette}}\label{sec:pstlabo8:pstEprouvette}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Lmcs{pstEprouvette} displays a measuring cylinder. Its size can by
+changed using the \PST scaling factor.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}
+\pstEprouvette[yunit=0.5cm]
+\pstEprouvette[unit=0.6cm,niveauLiquide1=100,niveauLiquide2=60,niveauLiquide3=30]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\CMD{pstpipette}}\label{sec:pstlabo8:pstpipette}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Lmcs{pstpipette} displays a pipette. Its scaling range can be altered
+by changing \PST scaling factors.
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}
+\pstpipette[unit=0.5cm,tubePenche=40]
+\pstpipette[yunit=0.5cm]
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\CMD{pstDosage}}\label{sec:pstlabo8:pstDosage}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\Lmcs{pstDosage} is normally used in combination with other
+devices. The buret has a maximal capacity of 25 mL. The current height
+and substrate can be changed by their options. An optional pH-meter
+(only with glass type \verb+becher+) or heat block can be selected.
+
+\bgroup\noindent
+\makebox[\linewidth]{%
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstDosage
+\pstDosage[glassType=becher,phmetre=true]
+\pstDosage[niveauReactifBurette=10,niveauLiquide1=60,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,%
+ glassType=flacon,agitateurMagnetique=false]
+\pstDosage[glassType=erlen,burette=false]}
+\egroup
+
+\begin{lstlisting}[xrightmargin=-\marginparwidth]
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstDosage
+\pstDosage[glassType=becher,phmetre=true]
+\pstDosage[niveauReactifBurette=10,niveauLiquide1=60,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,%
+ glassType=flacon,agitateurMagnetique=false]
+\pstDosage[glassType=erlen,burette=false]}
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\subsection{\CMD{pstDistillation}}\label{sec:pstlabo8:pstDistillation}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The only macro which has be passed on to \Lmcs{pstDistillation} are
+the dimensions of the \Lmenv{pspicture} environment.
+
+\medskip
+\noindent
+\Lmcs{pstDistillation}\\
+\Lmcs{pstDistillation}\Largr{$x_{ll},y_{ll}$}\Largr{$x_{ur},y_{ur}$} % $
+
+\medskip
+In case these coordinates are not supplied a rectangle of
+$(-4,-10)(8,7)$ is used, assuming that further objects will be
+included using \Lmcs{rput},
+
+\bgroup
+\begin{LTXexample}
+\psset{unit=0.5cm}
+\pstDistillation(-3,-10)(7,6)
+\end{LTXexample}
+\egroup
+
+
+
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\section{Basic objects}\label{sec:pstlabo:Objects}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The file \LFile{pst-laboObj.tex} includes all possible basic
+objects. For lack of space they are not displayed here explicitly.
+
+
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+\section{Examples}\label{sec:pstlabo:Beispiele}
+% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Creating complex examples is eased significantly by using a coordinate
+grid underlying the setup (\Lmcs{psgrid}) as has been shown previously
+in section~\vref{sec:overlay:Ueberschreiben}.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\bgroup
+\sffamily
+\begin{pspicture}(0,-4)(7,4)
+ \rput(3,0){\pstDosage[niveauReactifBurette=25,niveauLiquide1=30,%
+ aspectLiquide1=Champagne,glassType=becher,phmetre,unit=0.5]}
+ \rput(2,3){B\"urette}
+ \rput(4.7,3.6){25 mL}
+ \rput(5.2,-2.2){H$_3$O$^+$+Cl$^-$}
+ \rput(.8,-3){PH-Messer}
+ \rput(5,-2.8){20 mL}
+ \rput(5,1){Na$^+$+OH$^-$} \rput(6.4,-3.6){Heizplatte}
+ \psline{->}(2.7,2.9)(3.4,2.9)
+\end{pspicture}
+\begin{pspicture}(-3,-2)(2,3)
+ \psset{unit=0.5cm}
+ \rput(-4.5,4.0){\pstEprouvette[tubePenche=-60,niveauLiquide1=90,niveauLiquide2=50]}
+ \rput(.5,0){\pstEntonnoir[glassType=flacon,niveauLiquide1=30]}
+ \rput(.5,7.5){
+ \framebox{\begin{minipage}{3.2cm}Nach der Dekan\-ta\-tion
+ sind die einzelnen Phasen getrennt, das Leichteste sammelt man durch Filtrieren.
+ \end{minipage}}}
+\end{pspicture}
+\egroup
+\caption{Example usage of \Lmcs{pstDosage}}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\bgroup
+\psset{unit=0.5cm,etiquette}
+\newpsstyle{Nickel}{fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=green}
+\pstTubeEssais[niveauLiquide1=20,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,Numero=1]\kern-20pt
+\pstTubeEssais[niveauLiquide1=30,aspectLiquide1=Cobalt,Numero=2]\kern-20pt
+\pstTubeEssais[niveauLiquide1=40,aspectLiquide1=Sang,Numero=3]\kern-20pt
+\pstTubeEssais[Numero=4]\kern-20pt
+\psset{bouchon,glassType=flacon}
+\pstTubeEssais[aspectLiquide1=Vinaigre,Numero={\footnotesize MnO$_4^-$}]
+\pstTubeEssais[aspectLiquide1=Huile,unit=0.75,Numero={\footnotesize Ce$^{4+}$}]
+\pstTubeEssais[aspectLiquide1=Nickel,Numero={\footnotesize Ni$^{2+}$}]
+\pstTubeEssais[Numero={\footnotesize Cu$^{2+}$}]
+\pstTubeEssais[niveauLiquide1=30,aspectLiquide1=Champagne,Numero={\footnotesize NaOH},unit=0.75]
+\egroup
+\caption{Example usage of \Lmcs{pstTubeEssais}}
+\end{figure}
+
+
+\nocite{*}
+\bibliographystyle{plain}
+\bibliography{pst-labo-doc}
+
+
+\endinput \ No newline at end of file