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+\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
+
+\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
+\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{lmodern}
+
+\newcommand{\ttsl}[1]{\texttt{\textsl{#1}}}
+\usepackage{pgf-soroban}
+
+\title{SOROBAN abacus\\\ \\package \texttt{pgf-soroban}}
+\author{Alain Delmotte \texttt{esperanto@swing.be}}
+\date{December 10, 2007}
+
+\begin{document}
+\maketitle
+\tableofcontents
+\newpage
+
+\section{Original size}
+
+\begin{center}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{1}{1}
+\tige{2}{0}{0}
+\tige{3}{6}{0}
+\tige{4}{7}{1}
+\tige{5}{4}{0}
+\tige{6}{3}{0}
+\cadre{6}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\end{center}
+\vspace{10mm}
+
+\section{Example of use}
+
+\textbf{Step 1}
+\vspace{10mm}
+\ladj{0.25}
+\textbf{2 + 1} (in colours)\\
+1) Put 2 with thumb
+\hspace*{5mm}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{2}{1}
+\binoire{1}{5}{black}
+\binoire{1}{6}{black}
+\barres{1}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\quad 2) Add 1
+\hspace*{5mm}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{3}{1}
+\binoire{1}{5}{gray}
+\binoire{1}{6}{gray}
+\binoire{1}{7}{black}
+\barres{1}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\quad
+\hspace{5mm}$\Rightarrow$ \textbf{= 3}\hspace{5mm}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{3}{1}
+\barres{1}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\vspace{15mm}
+
+\renewcommand{\colbil}{white}
+\renewcommand{\coltig}{darkgray}
+\noindent\textbf{7 - 1} (in black and white for printing)\\
+1) Set 7 at once (pinch)\hspace*{5mm}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{7}{1}
+\binoire{1}{5}{black}
+\binoire{1}{6}{black}
+\binoire{1}{10}{black}
+\barres{1}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\quad 2) Substract 1
+\hspace*{5mm}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{7}{1}
+\binoire{1}{5}{gray}
+\binoire{1}{6}{gray}
+\binoire{1}{10}{gray}
+\barbil{1}{6}
+\barres{1}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\quad
+\hspace{5mm}$\Rightarrow$ \textbf{= 6}\hspace{5mm}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{6}{1}
+\binoire{1}{3}{black}
+\barres{1}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\newpage
+
+\section{Using the package}
+
+In the preamble, insert the instruction \verb+\usepackage{pgf-soroban}+~\footnote{\ There is a corresponding package \texttt{pst-soroban.sty} for use with Pstricks.}. There is
+no need to load the corresponding graphics package as the packages are required
+by the soroban package.
+
+The package also sets a base unit as 1 mm, as well as other lengths; this draws a soroban of the normal size as used in schools, shops,\dots If one wants to change the size, one sets the units by \verb+\ladj{0.25}+ (here $\frac 14$ of the normal size). That instruction can be used any time in the document to change the size for some part if required.
+
+To draw a soroban, one draws rod(s) with the required bids in the right position and add either a frame or just top and bottom parts of the frame. One can then add some bids in other colours and also cross some bids.
+
+Let's draw a soroban representing the number 321.45 in small size: 0.25.
+
+\renewcommand{\colbil}{yellow}
+\renewcommand{\coltig}{brun}
+\ladj{0.25}
+\begin{center}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{0}{1}
+\tige{2}{3}{0}
+\tige{3}{2}{0}
+\tige{4}{1}{1}
+\tige{5}{4}{0}
+\tige{6}{5}{0}
+\cadre{6}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\end{center}
+\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}
+\hline
+\textbf{line}& \textbf{tikz/pgf} & \textbf{PStricks} \\
+\hline
+\verb§ 1§ & \verb§\ladj{0.25}§ & \verb§\psset{unit=0.25mm} §\\
+\verb§ 2§ & \verb§\begin{tikzpicture}§ & \verb§\begin{pspicture}(-2,-2)(122,76)§\\
+\verb§ 3§ & \verb§\tige{1}{0}{1} § & \verb§\tige{1}{0}{1} §\\
+\verb§ 4§ & \verb§\tige{2}{3}{0} § & \verb§\tige{2}{3}{0} §\\
+\verb§ 5§ & \verb§\tige{3}{2}{0} § & \verb§\tige{3}{2}{0} §\\
+\verb§ 6§ & \verb§\tige{4}{1}{1} § & \verb§\tige{4}{1}{1} §\\
+\verb§ 7§ & \verb§\tige{5}{4}{0} § & \verb§\tige{5}{4}{0} §\\
+\verb§ 8§ & \verb§\tige{6}{5}{0} § & \verb§\tige{6}{5}{0} §\\
+\verb§ 9§ & \verb§\cadre{6} § & \verb§\cadre{6} §\\
+\verb§10§ & \verb§\end{tikzpicture} § & \verb§\end{pspicture} §\\
+\hline
+\end{tabular}
+\vspace{6pt}
+
+Line 1 defines the size, lines 2 and 10 create the picture environment, lines 3--8 draw the rods and line 9 creates the frame.
+
+It is not necessary for tikz to specify the dimensions of the picture as the package reserves the area needed for the created graphic.~\footnote{\ For PStricks (\texttt{pst-soroban}), one has to give the dimensions of the picture, otherwise the drawing would have no size and would overlap the surrounding text. One gives some space before and below (\texttt{(-2,-2)}) and after above. The picture is 74.6 units hight and 20* number of rods wide (here \texttt{(122,76)}). Of course, if one adds something before, under, after or above the soroban, one has to adjust the corresponding part of the frame dimension.}
+
+To draw a rod, one uses the command \verb+\tige+. The syntax is:
+\begin{center}
+\verb§\tige[§\ttsl{<st>}\verb§]{§\ttsl{<nu>}\verb§}{§\ttsl{<val>}\verb§}{§\ttsl{<un>}\verb§}§
+\end{center}
+
+The \ttsl{<nu>} argument numbers the rods from left to right. \ttsl{<val>} is the number to be represented on the rod from 0 to 9. The \ttsl{<un>} argument tells that there is a dot on the central bar (1) or not (0); there is normally a dot for the unit, thousand, million,\dots ranks.
+
+The \ttsl{<st>} argument is optional and tells at which position the drawing is started; the default value is 1. This is interesting when one wants to put more then one drawing on a line:
+
+\begin{center}
+\begin{minipage}[][][c]{5cm}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{1}{1}
+\barres{1}
+\tige[5]{1}{6}{1}
+\barres[5]{1}
+\tige[9]{1}{5}{1}
+\barres[9]{1}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{minipage}
+\hspace{10mm}
+\begin{minipage}[][][c]{5cm}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{1}{1}
+\barres{1}
+\tige[5]{1}{6}{1}
+\barres[5]{1}
+\tige[9]{1}{5}{1}
+\barres[9]{1}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\end{minipage}
+\end{center}
+
+In this example, there is no frame but only parts of it above and below; this is created with the \verb+\barres+ command. The syntaxes for the frame and top/bottom lines are:
+\begin{center}
+\verb§\cadre[§\ttsl{<st>}\verb§]{§\ttsl{<nb>}\verb§}§ and \verb§\barres[§\ttsl{<st>}\verb§]{§\ttsl{<nb>}\verb§}§.
+\end{center}
+
+The optional \ttsl{<st>} arguments are the same as the one of \verb+\tige+, the \ttsl{<nb>} argument tell how many rods have to be covered.
+
+If one wants to colour a specific bid , one can achieve this with \verb+\binoire+:
+\begin{center}
+\verb§\binoire[§\ttsl{<st>}\verb§]{§\ttsl{<nu>}\verb§}{§\ttsl{<pos>}\verb§}{§\ttsl{<col>}\verb§}§
+\end{center}
+
+\ttsl{<st>} and \ttsl{<nu>} arguments are the same as for \verb+\tige+; the \ttsl{<col>} argument defines the colour and the \ttsl{<pos>} argument tells which bid has to be coloured as shown in the following example.
+
+\begin{center}
+\begin{minipage}[c]{5cm}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{0}{1}
+\tige{2}{0}{1}
+\tige{3}{0}{1}
+\tige{4}{0}{1}
+\tige{5}{4}{1}
+\tige{6}{4}{1}
+\tige{7}{4}{1}
+\tige{8}{4}{1}
+\tige{9}{0}{1}
+\tige{10}{5}{1}
+\cadre{10}
+\binoire{1}{1}{black}
+\binoire{2}{2}{black}
+\binoire{3}{3}{black}
+\binoire{4}{4}{black}
+\binoire{5}{5}{black}
+\binoire{6}{6}{black}
+\binoire{7}{7}{black}
+\binoire{8}{8}{black}
+\binoire{9}{9}{black}
+\binoire{10}{10}{black}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{minipage}
+\hspace{10mm}
+\begin{minipage}[][][c]{5cm}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{0}{1}
+\tige{2}{0}{1}
+\tige{3}{0}{1}
+\tige{4}{0}{1}
+\tige{5}{4}{1}
+\tige{6}{4}{1}
+\tige{7}{4}{1}
+\tige{8}{4}{1}
+\tige{9}{0}{1}
+\tige{10}{5}{1}
+\cadre{10}
+\binoire{1}{1}{black}
+\binoire{2}{2}{black}
+\binoire{3}{3}{black}
+\binoire{4}{4}{black}
+\binoire{5}{5}{black}
+\binoire{6}{6}{black}
+\binoire{7}{7}{black}
+\binoire{8}{8}{black}
+\binoire{9}{9}{black}
+\binoire{10}{10}{black}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\end{minipage}
+\end{center}
+
+The \verb+\barbil+ command allows to cross a bid (see example below); the syntax is:
+\begin{center}
+\verb§\barbil[§\ttsl{<st>}\verb§]{§\ttsl{<nu>}\verb§}{§\ttsl{<pos>}\verb§}§
+\end{center}
+The arguments \ttsl{<st>}, \ttsl{<nu>} and \ttsl{<pos>} have the same meaning as those of \verb+\binoire+.
+
+Finally, one can change the overall colours of the rods and the bids, for example to print in black and white.
+This is done by changing the values of the \verb+\colbil+ (for the bids) and \verb+\coltig+ (for the rods) commands; by default there are ``yellow'' and ``brun'' (new brown colour defined in the package).
+
+\begin{center}
+\begin{minipage}[][][c]{5cm}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\renewcommand{\colbil}{white}
+\renewcommand{\coltig}{black}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{1}{1}
+\barres{1}
+\tige[5]{1}{6}{1}
+\barbil[5]{1}{5}
+\barres[5]{1}
+\tige[9]{1}{5}{1}
+\barres[9]{1}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{minipage}
+\hspace{10mm}
+\renewcommand{\colbil}{white}
+\renewcommand{\coltig}{black}
+\begin{minipage}[][][c]{5cm}
+\begin{tikzpicture}
+\tige{1}{1}{1}
+\barres{1}
+\tige[5]{1}{6}{1}
+\barbil[5]{1}{5}
+\barres[5]{1}
+\tige[9]{1}{5}{1}
+\barres[9]{1}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+\end{minipage}
+\end{center}
+
+\nocite{*}
+\bgroup
+\raggedright
+\bibliographystyle{plain}
+\bibliography{\jobname}
+\egroup
+
+\end{document}
+
+