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+\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
+\usepackage{manju}
+\usepackage{ctib}
+
+\newcommand\exa{\nopagebreak \begin{flushleft}\smallskip \nopagebreak
+ \begin{minipage}[t]{6cm}\sloppy}
+\newcommand\exb{\end{minipage}\kern 1cm\begin{minipage}[t]{8cm}\sloppy }
+\newcommand\exc{\end{minipage}\kern -3cm \smallskip\end{flushleft}}
+
+\title{\mabosoo{manju}\mabosoo{late|h'}\\[0.35cm]
+ ManjuTeX 0.2\\[0.35cm]
+ A Manju Script Package for \LaTeXe}
+\author{Oliver Corff}
+\date{April 1st, 2001}
+\begin{document}
+\maketitle
+\begin{abstract}
+ Manju\TeX\ is a package offering Manju support for \TeX\ and
+ \LaTeXe. This package is founded on Mon\TeX\ and will
+ finally merge with Mon\TeX\ in order to provide all
+ Mongolian writings. In contrast to the Mongolian Script
+ of early Mon\TeX\ versions, the complete retransliteration
+ process which generates Manju writing out of romanized input is
+ built on the ligature functionality of \TeX\ and Metafont, thus
+ effectively eliminating the need for installing any external
+ preprocessor.
+\end{abstract}
+\tableofcontents
+
+\section{Introduction}
+
+As long as a full-fledged support of all Mongolian-based languages
+and writing systems (Mongolian, Manju, Tod, Sibe as well as various
+transcription systems for Tibetan, Sanskrit and Chinese, also known
+as Galig or Ali Gali) is not available for the \TeX\ and \LaTeXe\
+community, the author considered it useful to prepare a stand-alone
+Manju package which can be used with \TeX\ and \LaTeXe. The package
+comes in two varieties: while \TeX\ users can access the Manju
+fonts, \LaTeXe\ users enjoy the additional privilege of being able
+to typeset vertical capsules of Manju text. Users of both
+communities never have to bother with encoding issues or external
+preprocessors. Manju is typed in a fairly standard romanization and
+is converted to the presentation form automatically.
+
+
+\section{Installation\label{Installation}}
+
+Installation of this software package is straightforward:
+The installation procedure depends on the nature of the actual
+\TeX\ system. The directory tree of e.\,g., teTeX is different
+from the emtex tree; hence the source archive \texttt{manjutex.zip}
+features the following subdirectories the contents of which has to be
+placed into appropriate branches of the \TeX\ installation:
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item \texttt{mfinput} holds the complete Metafont sources
+ for the Tibetan fonts. The suggested path for emtex
+ users is \verb"\emtex\mfinput\manju"; for teTeX users
+ \verb"$TEXMF/fonts/source/public/manju" is a suitable
+ choice.
+ \item \texttt{tfm} holds all necessary font metrics files.
+ The suggested path for emtex users is \verb"\emtex\tfm\manju";
+ for teTeX users \verb"$TEXMF/fonts/tfm/public/manju"
+ is a suitable choice.
+ \item \texttt{texinput} holds all style files, font encoding
+ definitions etc. which are read by \TeX\ and \LaTeXe.
+ The suggested path for emtex users is
+ \verb"\emtex\texinput\manju"; for teTeX users
+ \verb"$TEXMF/tex/latex/manju" is a suitable choice.
+ \item \texttt{doc} contains the documentation (the document
+ which you are reading right now). It can be placed
+ in \verb"\emtex\doc\manju" (for emtex users) or
+ \verb"$TEXMF/doc/latex/manju" (for teTeX users).
+\end{itemize}
+
+It may become necessary to rehash the directory database of the
+\TeX\ system. When in doubt, consult your system administrator or
+local \TeX\ wizard.
+On teTeX systems, the command \texttt{texhash} will perform this service.
+
+
+\section{User Commands\label{UserCommands}}
+
+Manju\TeX\ provides the common command
+\verb|\bth| (as in {\bth bithe} \textit{bithe}) to switch to
+Manju mode. A Manju font is selected and the Latin input is
+automatically interpreted as transliterated Manju. The
+transliteration closely follows Hauer's system and is presented in
+the next section.
+
+\subsection{Using \ManjuTeX\ with \TeX}
+
+If you only use \LaTeXe\ then you can safely skip reading this
+paragraph.
+
+Near the beginning of your \TeX\ document (or before your first
+instance of Manju text) you have to input the Manju macros by saying
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \input manju
+\end{verbatim}
+which will provide a size selection command, \verb*-msize-, and the
+font switching command \verb*-\bth-.
+
+A complete Manju \TeX\ document could look like this:
+
+\exa
+ This is Manju:\\
+ {\bth manju bithe}
+\exb
+ \begin{verbatim}
+ \input manju
+ \msize
+ This is Manju:\\
+ {\bth manju bithe}
+ \bye
+ \end{verbatim}
+\exc
+
+In effect, three different font sizes can be selected using
+\verb*-msize- (10~points),
+\verb*-msizei- (11~points) and
+\verb*-msizeii- (12~points).
+
+The commands to toggle between Manju writing and Computer Modern
+are \verb*-\bth- and \verb*-\tenrm-, respectively. Please note that
+\verb*-\tenrm- is redefined by \ManjuTeX\ to the effect that the size
+selection command overrides the 10~point size of \verb*-\tenrm-%
+ \footnote{This `feature' was taken from the Tibetan
+ package.}.
+
+\subsection{Using \ManjuTeX\ with \LaTeXe}
+
+\LaTeXe\ users activate the Manju package by saying
+\begin{verbatim}
+ \usepackage{manju}
+\end{verbatim}
+in the preamble of the document. The font selection command is
+\verb*-\bth-. The size is set through the NFSS system.
+
+A Manju document could contain the following code snippet:
+
+\exa
+ This is Manju:\\
+ {\bth manju bithe}
+\exb
+ \begin{verbatim}
+ This is Manju:\\
+ {\bth manju bithe}
+ \end{verbatim}
+\exc
+
+\subsubsection{Vertical Text Capsules}
+
+With PostScript support it becomes possible to typeset vertical
+capsules of Manju text. Simply issue the command \verb*-\mabosoo{}-,
+include a text argument and see how it works:
+\exa
+ \mabosoo{manju}\mabosoo{bithe}
+ is \textit{manju bithe}.
+\exb
+ \begin{verbatim}
+ \mabosoo{manju}\mabosoo{bithe}
+ is \textit{manju bithe}.
+ \end{verbatim}
+\exc
+
+\section{Character Set and Romanization}
+Given by dictionary order, the system provides the following basic
+character set:
+
+\subsection{Basic Character Set}
+\newcommand{\ManjuEntry}[3]{\mabosoo{#1}& #2 & #3 }
+\begin{center}
+\begin{tabular}{ccc|ccc|ccc}
+Manju&Input&Latin&Manju&Input&Latin&Manju&Input&Latin\\
+\hline
+\ManjuEntry{a}{a}{a} & \ManjuEntry{h}{h}{h} & \ManjuEntry{c}{c}{c} \\
+\ManjuEntry{e}{e}{e} & \ManjuEntry{b}{b}{b} & \ManjuEntry{j}{j}{j} \\
+\ManjuEntry{i}{i}{i} & \ManjuEntry{p}{p}{p} & \ManjuEntry{y}{y}{y} \\
+\ManjuEntry{o*}{o}{o} & \ManjuEntry{s}{s}{s} & \ManjuEntry{k'}{k'}{k'}\\
+\ManjuEntry{u*}{u}{u} & \ManjuEntry{s'}{s'}{\v s}& \ManjuEntry{g'}{g'}{g'}\\
+\ManjuEntry{v}{v}{\={u}}& \ManjuEntry{t}{t}{t} & \ManjuEntry{h'}{h'}{h'}\\
+\ManjuEntry{n}{n}{n} & \ManjuEntry{d}{d}{d} & \ManjuEntry{r}{r}{r} \\
+\ManjuEntry{k}{k}{k} & \ManjuEntry{l}{l}{l} & \ManjuEntry{f}{f}{f} \\
+\ManjuEntry{g}{g}{g} & \ManjuEntry{m}{m}{m} & \ManjuEntry{w}{w}{w} \\
+\end{tabular}
+\end{center}
+
+While the input method for the majority of characters matches the
+transliteration conventions, some letters require a slightly
+different treatment:
+\begin{enumerate}
+ \item Although the diphtong \mabosoo{*aii*} is
+ usually rendered as \textit{ai}, it must be entered
+ as \texttt{aii} in order to produce the desired
+ effect.
+ \item The vowel which is conventionally rendered as \textit{\^u}
+ or \textit{\=u} \mabosoo{v} can be entered as \texttt{v}
+ or as \verb|\={u}| due to the fact that a character
+ \textit{\^u} is not readily available on most systems.
+ \item The consonant \textit{\v s} \mabosoo{s'} can be entered as
+ \texttt{s'}or as \verb|\v{s}|, but not as *\texttt{sh}
+ as to avoid undesired mergers of \textit{s} and \textit{h}
+ like in \textit{ishun} \mabosoo{ishun} which should not be
+ *\textit{i\v{s}un} \mabosoo{is'un}!
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\subsection{Extended Character Set}
+The following special characters listed in major dictionaries are
+provided:
+\begin{center}
+\begin{tabular}{ccc}
+Manju & Input &Latin\\
+\ManjuEntry{sy}{sy}{sy} \\
+\ManjuEntry{cy}{cy}{cy} \\
+\ManjuEntry{j'}{j'}{jy} \\
+\ManjuEntry{dz}{dz}{dz} \\
+\ManjuEntry{tsh}{tsh}{tsh} \\
+\ManjuEntry{tshy}{tshy}{tshy} \\
+\ManjuEntry{zr}{zr}{zr} \\
+\end{tabular}
+\end{center}
+
+Please note that due to internal limitations of the retransliteration
+engine, \textit{jy} \mabosoo{j'} has to be entered as \texttt{j'}.
+
+\subsection{Tibetan Transliteration Character Set}
+Besides these characters, an additional small set of special characters
+is provided for rendering Tibetan transliterations as given in the
+Pentaglot dictionary:
+
+\begin{center}
+\begin{tabular}{ccc}
+Manju & Input &Latin \\
+\ManjuEntry{z}{z}{z} \\
+\ManjuEntry{zh}{zh}{zh} \\
+\ManjuEntry{ts}{ts}{ts} \\
+\ManjuEntry{ng'}{ng'}{ng'} \\
+\ManjuEntry{l'}{l'}{l'} \\
+\ManjuEntry{p'}{p'}{p'} \\
+\ManjuEntry{t'}{t'}{t'} \\
+\end{tabular}
+\end{center}
+
+It becomes thus possible to spell out the Tibetan alphabet in
+Manju writing, as used in the Pentaglot dictionary for Tibetan
+and Uighur transliterations:
+
+\newcommand{\MT}[2]{{\tib #1} \textit{#1} \mabosoo{#2}}
+
+\newcommand{\ManjuTibetan}[8]{%
+ \tib #1 & \mabosoo{#2}&
+ \tib #3 & \mabosoo{#4}&
+ \tib #5 & \mabosoo{#6}&
+ \tib #7 & \mabosoo{#8}\\
+ \tt #1 & \tt #2 &
+ \tt #3 & \tt #4 &
+ \tt #5 & \tt #6 &
+ \tt #7 & \tt #8\\
+ }
+
+\begin{center}
+\begin{tabular}{cc|cc|cc|cc}
+\ManjuTibetan{ka}{g'a} {kha}{k'a} {ga}{ga} {nga}{ng'a}
+\hline
+\ManjuTibetan{ca}{jiya} {cha}{cia} {ja}{ja} {nya}{niya}
+\hline
+\ManjuTibetan{ta}{t'a} {tha}{ta} {da}{da} {na}{na}
+\hline
+\ManjuTibetan{pa}{ba} {pha}{pa} {ba}{wa} {ma}{ma}
+\hline
+\ManjuTibetan{tsa}{tsa} {tsha}{tsha} {dza}{dza} {wa}{wa}
+\hline
+\ManjuTibetan{zha}{zha} {za}{za} {'}{ea} {ya}{ya}
+\hline
+\ManjuTibetan{ra}{ra} {la}{la} {sha}{s'a} {sa}{sa}
+\hline
+\ManjuTibetan{ha}{h|a} {a}{a} {}{} {}{}
+\end{tabular}
+\end{center}
+
+Besides these basic representations, certain deviations exist:
+\begin{enumerate}
+ \item \MT{nga}{ng'a} is used for Tibetan initials and subscripts;
+ finals are expressed as \mabosoo{*ng}
+ \item While \MT{ha}{h|a} is used for Tibetan initial
+ {\tib ha},
+ a different form is taken for subscripted
+ \textit{ha}, as in \MT{lha}{l'|a}.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\subsection{Special Characters}
+
+Manju\TeX\ and its progenitor Mon\TeX\ share the complete
+set of numbers and punctuation marks as well as a few special
+characters used for influencing the presentation of the writing.
+
+Provided a word should end with a non-final glyph shape then the Environment
+Marker \mabosoo{**} is used which is entered as an asterisque
+\verb-*-. This is helpful for writing abbreviated words or marking
+non-final vowels, like \mabosoo{o*} which is entered as \verb-o*-.
+
+Whenever the plethora of diacritics used in Manju writing causes
+ugly clashes between adjacent letters, then the `backbone' (mong.
+\textit{nirugu}), entered as \verb'|', can be used to stretch the
+distance between clashing letter elements, like in \mabosoo{h|a}
+which should be entered \verb-h|a- rather than \verb-ha- resulting
+in \mabosoo{ha}.
+
+\section{Outlook and Desiderata}
+
+Unfortunately, some code positions in the Metafont sources of
+\ManjuTeX\ haven't
+been frozen yet which implies that documents containing Manju text
+should be recompiled once a new version of this software is issued.
+
+In addition, the author is not happy yet with some of the
+interaction performed by certain glyph combinations. This will have
+to be refined definitely!
+
+With $\Omega$mega lurking around, \ManjuTeX\ should actually be obsolete
+work. A unified encoding comprising all Mongolian writings has been
+integrated into Unicode 3.0 and ISO 10646. The author needed a quick
+solution for ongoing lexicographical work (the Pentaglot database,
+that is) and will merge \ManjuTeX\ with the existing Mon\TeX\ system
+later. At that point, there will also be full-featured $\Omega$mega
+support.
+
+Anyway, whatever the mistakes and the shortcomings are that have
+crept into this Manju system, I can only kindly ask you to blame me.
+
+\vspace{1cm}
+\hfill\parbox{4cm}{\it Now go forth and create beautiful Manju text!\\
+ Oliver Corff, Shenyang, April 1st, 2001}
+\end{document}