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+======================================================================
+ Ibycus4, version 4.5 as of 2004-10-27
+======================================================================
+ Pierre A. MacKay
+ Department of Classics
+ University of Washington
+ mackay@cs.washington.edu
+
+ Walter Schmidt
+ w-a-schmidt@gmx.net
+
+
+Overview
+---------
+
+Like its predecessors, Ibycus4 is based on Silvio Levy's
+realization of a classic Didot cut of Greek type from around 1800.
+Ibycus4 is as close as possible to Ibycus3 in all possible
+respects, but there are some improved set widths and pair-kernings
+which might clobber old carefully adjusted text spacings
+such as Alexandrian shaped poetry.
+
+
+Plain TeX usage
+---------------
+
+ \input ibycus4 % to use MF fonts, at fixed sizes
+or
+ \input ibycusps % to use scalable Type1 fonts
+
+then
+ \setgreek10/12 (or other reasonable combination
+ of pointsize and leading)
+then
+ Latin text \GK{}a)rxai=a gra'mmata\RM{} Latin again.
+
+NOTE that the ) is a smooth breathing, not a parenthesis.
+
+
+
+LaTeX2e usage
+------------
+
+ \usepackage{ibycus4} % to use MF fonts, at fixed sizes
+or
+ \usepackage{psibycus} % to use scalable Type1 fonts
+then
+ Latin text {\greek{}a)rxai=a gra'mmata} Latin again.
+
+Note the outer braces to keep the font change local.
+Alternatively, use the text-generating command \textgreek,
+which was introduced with version 4.5:
+
+ Latin text \textgreek{a)rxai=a gra'mmata} Latin again.
+
+Greek text will honor size-changing commands as well as
+switching to the bold font series (\bfseries, \textbf}.
+
+
+
+LaTeX2e usage with Babel
+------------------------
+Alternatively, the Ibycus fonts can be used in LaTeX via the
+Babel system. Beside the Babel core, which is part of any
+LaTeX system, this requires the macros of the "Ibycus-Babel"
+iterface; see
+
+ <CTAN:fonts/greek/package-babel/ibycus-babel/>.
+
+In contrast to the macros distributed with the fonts, this
+newer approach supports proper hypehantion in Greek text
+passages.
+
+
+
+The TeX macro files and the input conventions
+---------------------------------------------
+
+$TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/ibycus4.tex
+
+ The main package file for plain TeX
+
+$TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/ibycusps.tex
+
+ Ditto, using tne Type1 fonts
+
+$TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/ibycus4.sty
+
+ The main package file for LaTeX 2e
+
+$TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/psibycus.sty
+
+ Ditto, using the Type1 fonts
+
+$TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/setiby4.tex
+
+ Included by ibygrk.tex unless newnep format is running
+
+$TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/pssetiby.tex
+
+ ditto, using the Type1 fonts
+
+$TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/tlgsqq.tex
+
+ The name suggests the association with coding of the
+ Thesaurus Linguae Graecae.
+
+ This file provides uniquely named macros for all combinations
+ of letter and accent, so that any invocation of the macro will
+ produce a sequence of characters corresponding with the
+ entries put into the TFM ligature table. These sequences may
+ always be used to generate accented characters. They are
+ based, with some slight modifications where David Packard's Ibycus
+ input coding seems too misleading, on the Ibycus adaptation of
+ TLG beta-code.
+
+ For input coding, the parentheses, ) and ( are used for
+ breathings, ' (ASCII char '047--acute or single quote) and `
+ (ASCII char '140--grave) are used for oxytone and barytone (to
+ avoid preemption of the usual TeX excape character) and =
+ (ASCII char '075) is used for perispomenon to avoid preemption
+ of the active tie character in plain.tex. + is used for
+ dieresis after u or i and for some other special characters.
+ | is used for iota subscript and ! (ASCII char '041--\bang) is
+ used to call out the "dot-under" convention for partially
+ preserved letters in manuscript or epigraphical texts. Order
+ is significant. Breathings or diereses come first, after the
+ affected letter, then accents, then iota subscript or \bang.
+ These codings represent the input coding convention, not the
+ mapping in the font itself.
+
+ The digraphs, trigraphs etc. can be read from tlgsqq.tex
+ Postpositives fall into three order-dependent and
+ exclusive classes--only one from each class may be used
+ in any single accented cluster.
+
+ 1 2 3
+ nil nil nil
+ ( [asper] ' [oxytone] | [iota subscript]
+ ) [lenis] ` [barytone] ! [dot below letter]
+ + [other] = [perispomene]
+
+ Some special digraphs are K+ Koppa, k+ koppa, C+ lunate Cigma,
+ c+ lunate cigma, s+ sampi (lowercase late form only) and s| which
+ forces a medial sigma.
+ << and >> give guillemets (not guillemots as Adobe
+ ornithologically supposes) and (( )) give single parentheses
+ though care must be taken that the first ( or ) is not
+ interpreted as a breathing. {((} and {))} are safe.
+
+ %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+ NOTE: THE FOLLOWING CODINGS ARE NOT COMPATIBLE WITH IBYCUS3
+ %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+ I have tried to keep incompatible codings to the minimum
+ but the ibycus3 versions of the following were extremely
+ undesirable. These are all simplifications of ibycus3 coding.
+ %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+ The mark of elision is ' or {'} (the form in braces may be
+ needed to prevent ' from being read as an accent).
+ Single quotes may be provided by ` {`} and ' {'}, (isolate them
+ in braces if necessary). Double quotes are `` {``} and
+ '' {''} (isolate in braces if necessary). < and > are the
+ angle brackets used for conjectural supplements.
+ %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+ibycus4.map
+
+ This is {\em exactly} the same file as is used by METAFONT.
+ It is so structured that it can be read by either
+ TeX or Metafont. The mapping is very close to that of GreekKeys,
+ which is distributed for the Macintosh by the American
+ Philological Association. Other mappings can be created
+ in the same manner.
+
+$TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/Uibycus4.fd
+
+ Font definition file for LaTeX2e.
+
+$TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/Uibycus.fd
+
+ Ditto, using only those fonts that exist in type1 format
+
+$TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/iby4extr.tex
+
+ Access to some editorial symbols for classical editions.
+
+
+
+Example documents
+----------------..
+
+$TEXMF/doc/generic/ibycus4/ibycus4.ltx (for LaTeX 2e)
+$TEXMF/doc/generic/ibycus4/psibycus.ltx (for LaTeX 2e)
+$TEXMF/doc/generic/ibycus4/iby4text.tex (for Plain TeX)
+$TEXMF/doc/generic/ibycus4/psibycus.tex (for Plain TeX)
+
+ The exquisite little poem by Ibycus of Rhegium, until recently
+ almost the only thing known by him. (The Ibycus system
+ developed by David Packard is only indirectly named after
+ the poet. The direct inspiration was Packard's cat.)
+
+Note that the LaTeX2e exampls use the "traditional" Ibycus
+macros, rather than the newer Ibycus-Babel interface.
+
+
+
+The METAFONT files
+------------------
+
+The METAFONT part of the package consists of a set of files which use
+the original characters of Silvio Levy's greek fonts and combine them
+in ways which reflect the increased capabilities of TeX and METAFONT
+developed since Levy did the original greek for TeX. The Levy source
+files can be got from one of the CTAN archives and placed in
+$TEXMF/fonts/source/public/levy
+ where they will automatically become
+accessible if you are using a TeX Directory Structure [TDS] layout of
+files. If you are not using a file searching system like Karl Berry's
+"kpathsea", see $TEXMF/fonts/source/public/ibycus4/ibycus4.mf for
+hints on making the Levy source available. For directions on the
+use and management of Karl Berry's path searching, consult "The TeX
+Live Guide, version 2" by Sebastian Rahtz and Michael Goosens, in
+{\it TUGboat}. Volume 18 (1997). Pages 81-112, especially pp. 87--9.
+Web2c TeX for Unix systems, Thomas Esser's teTeX, and the Solaris package
+referenced at http://smc.vnet.net/solaris_2.5.html all use Karl
+Berry's path searching.
+
+Ibycus4 METAFONT files are in $TEXMF/fonts/source/public/ibycus4
+
+The most significant changes are:
+
+ 1. The large repertory of initial/medial sigma + letter pairs
+ is suppressed from the new fonts, and the new enhanced TFM
+ ligature scheme is used instead to provide for the automatic
+ differentiation between medial and final sigma.
+
+ 2. The cells thus opened up in the font mapping are used for
+ a variety of additional characters:
+
+ a. A full repertory of vowels with breathings and
+ barytone accents (many of these were absent from the
+ original). The various forms of long epsilon and
+ omicron with perispomene accent needed for early Attic
+ and similar local scripts are provided.
+
+ b. Lunate sigma, digamma, koppa and sampi are
+ provided (the last in its lowercase late form
+ only, since earlier forms are rather problematic
+ and are virtually unused even in epigraphical texts).
+
+ c. A simple iota subscript in a 0.5em character space
+ is provided at position '174 for use in unusual
+ groupings. For all normal usages three additional
+ occurences of the glyph are kerned (in the traditional
+ sense) far to the left so that they will fit under
+ alpha, eta and omega respectively. These characters
+ are called out automatically through the TeX TFM
+ ligature system, for which see below. The glyph under
+ eta is shortened slightly to give better clearance
+ under the left stem of lowercase eta. The iota
+ subscript glyph retains its simple form in 300dpi
+ renditions, and in any bitmap which drops below
+ 500dpi, but it thins out and develops a slight
+ rightward hook at 600dpi and above.
+
+ d. The mechanism of drastic left kerning is also used
+ to set dots under letters which cannot be read
+ completely from the manuscript or stone. These dota
+ are likewise called out automatically through the TFM
+ ligature system. A final ! {\bang} after any letter
+ or letter with postpositive accents (except those
+ with iota subscripts) will produce the dotted form.
+
+ e. Angle brackets, half brackets, double quotes, braces,
+ a dagger and a doubledagger are now provided (see
+ iby4extr.tex).
+
+ 3. All characters have been named. The constructs
+ ASCII"A" and oct"000" appear only at lower levels
+ of programming.
+
+ 4. Character spacing has been adjusted through kerning tables,
+ particularly around lowercase iota (file ibylig4.mf).
+ There is better separation between breathings and accents
+ (this has required a redesign of almost all accents) and
+ clearance between accent and base letter has been increased.
+ The perispomene has been restored to its traditional form with
+ a thick center and tapered ends, and the breathings have been
+ given shorter, tapered tails. The deep ink trap between the
+ bulb and tail of the breathings has been eliminated. Accents
+ over epsilon have been raised and slightly shortened to give
+ better clearance. The accents with diaeresis have been shifted
+ up and laterally to clear the dot they lean toward.
+
+ 5. Font mapping is specified independently of other
+ parameters, in a distinct and separate file (file ibycus4.map).
+ In some cases it may be more effective to remap the font
+ than to struggle with TeX remapping.
+
+ 6. A programming error which produced the wrong displacement
+ value with free-standing accents has been corrected. Accents
+ before uppercase vowels are kerned (in the traditional sense)
+ out left to a negative left side bearing of about one unit
+ (1/18em) unit so that their escapement does not leave
+ excessive space after the preceding word or at the start of a
+ line. They have also been properly pair-kerned with the
+ uppercase vowels.
+
+A new naming convention uses "ibycus4" wherever possible, and
+the shorter string "iby4" where that would lead to ambiguity.
+some of the individual METAFONT character files are simply
+taged with the number 4. 8+3 filename compatibility is preserved.
+(under protest and with difficulty).
+
+The names of PK and TFM files follow Karl Berry's font name convention
+( 84 is the encoding for Ibycus 4).
+
+Foundry Facename Weights Variants Encoding_Variants DesignSize
+
+f ib [r], b r, o 84 [10], 9, 8
+
+fibr84 fibo84 fibb84
+
+ with METAFONT design-size additions
+fibr848 fibo848 fibb848
+fibr849 fibo849 fibb849
+
+Driver files for the Bold Oblique variant can be provided but their use
+is discouraged. These Didot-derived characters do not stand up well
+to either boldfacing or obliqueing, and the combination is quite
+unfortunate. The typewriter style originally offered with these
+designs is quietly forgotten, although the code for it is still
+embedded in Silvio Levy's source.
+
+
+Type1 font files
+----------------
+
+Type1 font files reside in $TEXMF/fonts/type1/public/ibycus4:
+
+fibr84.pfb (corresponds to the MF font fibr84)
+fibb84.pfb (corresponds to the MF font fibb84)
+
+There are no Type1 renditions of the 8pt and 9pt fonts yet.
+
+
+License
+-------
+
+ Copyright (c) 1992--2004 Pierre A. MacKay
+
+See the file COPYING (GNU General Public License) for
+license conditions. As a special exception, permission is
+granted to include the font programs fibr84.pfb and
+fibb84.pfb in a Postscript or PDF document that contains
+text to be displayed or printed using these fonts,
+regardless of the conditions or license applying to the
+document itself.
+
+
+== finis