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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-1.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-1.tex
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@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+\documentclass[twoside]{report}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\begin{document}
+\chapter[Floodings at Venice]{Floodings at Venice over Centuries}
+\section[A Problem's Solution]{Solution for Venice's Flooding Problems}
+\subsection{Can Venice be Saved?}
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\subsection{Additional Information to the Gates}
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\chapter[Preface]{Preface to the \LaTeX-Guide}
+\section{General Remarks}
+
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.%
+\footnote{With the result, that all maintanance for \LaTeX\ 2.09 has been
+stopped with the occurance of \LaTeXe\ as well as for any further
+developement.}
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.\footnote{In between many hundreds
+of supplements and extensions in form of packages have been developed for
+\LaTeXe. Only the most important will be presented in this book.}
+
+\section[The Changes]{The Changes in Detail}
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+\item It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+\item Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+\item PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+\item This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.\footnote{Information for installation details are
+given in the documentation for the \TeX Live CD.}
+
+\section[Running heads]{Demonstration for running heads}
+\subsection{An additional exercise}
+One main reason for this exercise was the demonstration of running heads
+at the top of the pages execept for the first pages after the
+chapter sectioning commands. The running heads on even pages consist
+of the actual chapter number and the chapter title. For odd pages consist
+the running heads of actual section command for these pages as here
+demonstrated.
+
+\newpage\thispagestyle{empty}\noindent
+\texttt{chapter} = \arabic{chapter}\\
+\texttt{section} = \arabic{section}\\
+\texttt{subsection} = \arabic{subsection}\\
+\texttt{page} = \arabic{page}\\
+\texttt{footnote} = \arabic{footnote}\\
+\setcounter{equation}{3}
+\texttt{equation} = \arabic{equation}\\
+\addtocounter{equation}{2}
+\texttt{equation} = \arabic{equation}\\
+\texttt{enumi} = \arabic{enumi}\\
+\texttt{enumii} = \arabic{enumi}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-10.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-10.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ad0d6fabccd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-10.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\newcounter{num}
+\newenvironment{varlist}[2]
+ {\begin{list}{\textrm{#1 #2{num}:}}{\usecounter{num}%
+ \setlength{\labelsep}{5mm}
+ \settowidth{\leftmargin}{\textrm{#1 #2{num}:}}
+ \addtolength{\leftmargin}{1cm}}}
+ {\end{list}}
+\begin{document}
+\noindent Previous outer text
+\begin{varlist}{Sample}{\Alph}
+ \item without any value
+ \item with an enclosed voucher
+\end{varlist}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d22019c804b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\newcommand{\iint}{\int\!\!\!\int}
+\newcommand{\iiint}{\int\!\!\!\int\!\!\!\int}
+\newcommand{\idotsint}{\int\cdots\int}
+\begin{document}\noindent
+Multiple integral symbols in text formulas: $\iint$, $\iiint$, $\idotsint$
+
+\noindent Multiple integral symbols in displayed formulas:
+\[ \iint\quad\iiint\quad\idotsint \]
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-3.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ff3678fc7ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+\documentclass[twoside]{report}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\renewcommand{\thechapter}{\Alph{chapter}}
+\renewcommand{\thesection}{\thechapter--\Roman{section}}
+\renewcommand{\thesubsection}{\thesection,\roman{subsection}}
+\begin{document}
+\chapter[Floodings at Venice]{Floodings at Venice over Centuries}
+\section[A Problem's Solution]{Solution for Venice's Flooding Problems}
+\subsection{Can Venice be Saved?}
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\subsection{Additional Information to the Gates}
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\chapter[Preface]{Preface to the \LaTeX-Guide}
+\section{General Remarks}
+
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.%
+\footnote{With the result, that all maintanance for \LaTeX\ 2.09 has been
+stopped with the occurance of \LaTeXe\ as well as for any further
+developement.}
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.\footnote{In between many hundreds
+of supplements and extensions in form of packages have been developed for
+\LaTeXe. Only the most important will be presented in this book.}
+
+\section[The Changes]{The Changes in Detail}
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+\item It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+\item Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+\item PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+\item This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.\footnote{Information for installation details are
+given in the documentation for the \TeX Live CD.}
+
+\section[Running heads]{Demonstration for running heads}
+\subsection{An additional exercise}
+One main reason for this exercise was the demonstration of running heads
+at the top of the pages execept for the first pages after the
+chapter sectioning commands. The running heads on even pages consist
+of the actual chapter number and the chapter title. For odd pages consist
+the running heads of actual section command for these pages as here
+demonstrated.
+
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-4.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-4.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bd752a6a457
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-4.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\newcommand{\Lbrack}[2]{#1\brack #2}
+\newcommand{\Lbrace}[2]{#1\brace #2}
+\begin{document}\noindent
+The bracket structures in text formulas:
+$\Lbrack{n+1}{m-1}$,
+$\Lbrace{n+1}{m-1}$
+
+\noindent The bracket struktures in displayed formulls:
+\[ \Lbrack{n+1}{m} \]
+\[ \Lbrace{n+1}{m-1} \]
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-5.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-5.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fb2cdf571fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-5.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\newcounter{saveeqn}
+\newcounter{prenum}
+\newcommand{\vareqn}[2]{\setcounter{saveeqn}{\value{equation}}%
+ \setcounter{equation}{0}\setcounter{prenum}{#1}
+ \renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{prenum}[#2{equation}]}}
+\newcommand{\reseteqn}{\setcounter{equation}{\value{saveeqn}}%
+ \renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{equation}}}
+\begin{document}
+\setcounter{equation}{9}
+\vareqn{33}{\Alph}
+\begin{equation} \frac{a^2 - b^2}{a + b} = a - b \end{equation}
+\begin{equation} \sqrt[3]{-q + \sqrt{q^2 + p^2}} \end{equation}
+\begin{equation} \sqrt[n]{\frac{x^n - y^n}{1 + u^{2n}}} \end{equation}
+\reseteqn
+\begin{equation} 2\sum_{i=1}^n a_i \int^b_a f_i(x) g_i(x)\,dx \end{equation}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-6.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-6.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2387cf49420
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-6.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\newcommand{\iiint}[1]{\int\!\!\!\int\limits_{#1}\!\!\!\int}
+\newcommand{\iint}[1]{\int\!\!\!\int\limits_{\hspace{-1em}#1}}
+\newcommand{\idotsint}[1]{\int\cdots\int_{\hspace{-1.8em}#1}}
+\begin{document}
+\[ \iint{(D)}\quad\iiint{V}\quad\idotsint{G} \]
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-7.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-7.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ef6ed6c380
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-7.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\newcommand{\mtrx}[1]{\ensuremath{\mathsf{#1}}}
+\newcommand{\mi}{\mathrm{i}}
+\begin{document}
+A matrix \mtrx{A} of type $(m,n)$ or shortly $\mtrx{A}_{(m,n)}$ is a structure
+of $m\times n$ elements, e.\,g.\ real or complex numbers, functions,
+differential quotients, vectors et al., that can be ordered into $m$ rows
+and $n$ columns
+\[ \mtrx{A} = (a_{ij}) = \left(\begin{array}{cccc}
+ a_{11} & a_{12} & \cdots & a_{1n} \\
+ a_{21} & a_{22} & \cdots & a_{2n} \\
+ \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \vdots \\
+ a_{m1} & a_{m2} & \cdots & a_{mn}
+ \end{array}\right) \]
+
+Complex matrices consist of complex elements $a_{\mu\nu} + \mi b_{\mu\nu}$.
+Such a complex matrix can be split into two matrices
+\[ \mtrx{A} + \mi\mtrx{B} \]
+which elements consist of pure real numbers. Between the elements of a
+complex matrix \mtrx{A} and the corresponding conjugated complex matrix
+\mtrx{A^*} the relation
+\[ a^*_{\mu\nu} = \Re(a_{\mu\nu} - \mi\Im(a_{\mu\nu}) \]
+exist.
+
+From the original matrix \mtrx{A} of type $(m,n)$ the transposed matrix
+$\mtrx{A}^T$ is created by exchanging the corresponding rows and columns
+$(a_{\nu\mu})^T = (a_{\mu\nu})$. It is of type $(n,m)$.
+
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-8.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-8.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e28ac957e70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-8.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\newcounter{comment}
+\newsavebox{\comname}
+\newenvironment{comment}[1]
+ {\noindent\stepcounter{comment}\slshape Kommentar \arabic{comment}\nopagebreak
+ \begin{quote}\sloppypar\small\sbox{\comname}{#1}\itshape}
+ {\nopagebreak\hspace*{\fill}\usebox{\comname}\end{quote}}
+\begin{document}
+\begin{comment}{Patrick W. Daly}
+ In this form, every comment is assigned a sequential numbr after the
+ word Comment. The comment text appears as in a \texttt{quote} environment,
+ while the name of the commentor is entered as the envrironment argument
+ and is placed at the right of the last line. In addition no page break
+ can occur either between the heading `Comment n' and the comment text
+ and the commenter's name.
+\end{comment}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-9.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-9.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..711a7f228e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap10/exer10-9.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\newlength{\varwidth}
+\newenvironment{varpage}[1]
+ {\settowidth{\varwidth}{#1}\begin{minipage}{\varwidth}}
+ {\end{minipage}}
+\begin{document}
+\noindent
+\begin{varpage}{`As wide as this sample text'}
+ The width of this \texttt{minipage} environment is equal to that of the
+ text\\
+ `As wide as this sample text'\\
+ as to seen here,
+\end{varpage}\qquad
+\begin{varpage}{`narrow sample text'}
+ followed by the smal\-ler \texttt{minipage} environment of the width equal
+ to the text:\\
+ `narrow sample text'
+\end{varpage}
+\end{document}
+
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer1.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bccf83deeed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+\chapter[Floodings at Venice]{Floodings at Venice over Centuries}
+\section[A Problem's Solution]{Solution for Venice's Flooding Problems}
+\subsection{Can Venice be Saved?}
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\subsection{Additional Information to the Gates}
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-1.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c6d8be061dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+\documentclass[twoside]{report}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\begin{document}
+\input{exer1}
+\input{exer2}
+\input{exer3}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d137fc7cf32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+\documentclass[twoside]{report}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\typein[\files]{Which files?}
+\includeonly{\files}
+\begin{document}
+\include{exer1}
+\include{exer2}
+\include{exer3}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-3.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3721ec2d3d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\begin{center}
+\bfseries\large Certificate\\
+\Large Olympic Spring Games\\
+Walterville 1992\\[1ex]
+
+\normalsize
+\typein{Sport} \\[1ex]
+\mdseries
+\typein[\unit]{Unit}
+
+\begin{tabular}{lllrl}
+\bfseries Gold & \typein{Gold - Name:} & \typein{Gold - Country:}
+ & \typein{Gold - Value`:} & \unit \\
+\bfseries Silver & \typein{Silver - Name:} & \typein{Silver - Country:}
+ & \typein{Silber - Value:} & \unit \\
+\bfseries Bronze & \typein{Bronze - Name:} & \typein{Bronze - Country:}
+ & \typein{Bronze - Value:} & \unit
+\end{tabular}
+\end{center}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-4.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-4.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..84cbdcd64c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-4.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\begin{thebibliography}{\hspace{1.5cm}}
+\bibitem[abr90]{abr90} Abraham P. W., with Hargraves K. A. and Berry K. (1990).
+ \textsl{\TeX\ for the Impatient.} Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[bec93]{bec93} Bechtolsheim, S. von (1993) \textsl{\TeX\ in Practice,
+ Vol.\ I--IV,} New York: Springer
+\bibitem[bec93a]{bec93a} Vol.\ I: Basics
+\bibitem[bec93b]{bec93b} Vol.\ II: Paragraphs, Math, and Fonts
+\bibitem[bec93c]{bec93c} Vol.\ III: Tokens, Macros
+\bibitem[bec93d]{bec93d} Vol.\ IV: Output Routines, Tables
+\bibitem[dal92]{dal92} Daly P. W. and Kopka H. (1992) {A Guide to \LaTeX.}
+ Workingham, UK: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[dal95]{dal95} Daly P. W. and Kopka H. (1995) {A Guide to \LaTeX,}
+ 2nd ed. Workingham, UK: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[dal99]{dal99} Daly P. W. and Kopka H. (1999) {A Guide to \LaTeX,}
+ 3rd ed. Workingham, UK: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[dal03]{dal03} Daly P. W. and Kopka H. (2003) {A Guide to \LaTeX,}
+ 4th ed. Workingham, UK: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[eij92]{eij92} Eijkhout V. (1992). \textsl{\TeX\ by Topic, a
+ \TeX nician's Referenc.} Harlow: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[goo94]{goo94} Goossens M., Mittelbach F. and Samarin A. (1994).
+ \textsl{The \LaTeX\ Companion.} Reading MA: Adddison-Wesley
+\bibitem[goo97]{goo97} Goossens M., Rahtz S. and Mittelbach F. (1997).
+ \textsl{The \LaTeX\ Graphic Companion.} Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[goo99]{goo99} Goossens M. and Rahtz S. (1999).
+ \textsl{The \LaTeX\ Web Companion.} Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[knu91]{knu91} Knuth D. E. (1991) \textsl{Computers and Typesetting
+ Vol A--E.} Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[knu91a]{knu91a} Knuth D. E. (1991a) Vol. A: \textsl{The \TeX book.}
+ 11.~ed. Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[knu91b]{knu91b} Knuth D. E. (1991b) Vol. B: \textsl{The Program.}
+ 4.~ed. Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[lam94]{lam94} Lamport L. (1994) \textsl{\LaTeX---A Document
+ Preparation System}, 2nd ed. Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+ Addison-Wesley-Longman (Deutschland) GmbH. Bonn 1995
+\end{thebibliography}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-5.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-5.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cd64bb15fc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer11-5.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\section*{Preface to the \LaTeX-Guide}
+
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+The developement of \LaTeX\ between 1992 until now will be best demonstrated
+by the four editions of the \LaTeX-Guide textbook. The first edition
+\cite{dal92} describes and teaches the old version 2.09, which is now obsolete.
+With the occurance of \LaTeXe\ the second edition \cite{dal95} was presented,
+explainig and teaching both versions in parallel. In the third edition
+\cite{dal99} the \LaTeX\ presentation was mainly restricted to \LaTeXe\
+and still more restricted with the present edition \cite{dal03}
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+1. The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+2. It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+3. Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+4. PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+5. This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.
+
+\newpage
+
+\begin{thebibliography}{\hspace{1.5cm}}
+\bibitem[abr90]{abr90} Abraham P. W., with Hargraves K. A. and Berry K. (1990).
+ \textsl{\TeX\ for the Impatient.} Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[bec93]{bec93} Bechtolsheim, S. von (1993) \textsl{\TeX\ in Practice,
+ Vol.\ I--IV,} New York: Springer
+\bibitem[bec93a]{bec93a} Vol.\ I: Basics
+\bibitem[bec93b]{bec93b} Vol.\ II: Paragraphs, Math, and Fonts
+\bibitem[bec93c]{bec93c} Vol.\ III: Tokens, Macros
+\bibitem[bec93d]{bec93d} Vol.\ IV: Output Routines, Tables
+\bibitem[dal92]{dal92} Daly P. W. and Kopka H. (1992) {A Guide to \LaTeX.}
+ Workingham, UK: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[dal95]{dal95} Daly P. W. and Kopka H. (1995) {A Guide to \LaTeX,}
+ 2nd ed. Workingham, UK: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[dal99]{dal99} Daly P. W. and Kopka H. (1999) {A Guide to \LaTeX,}
+ 3rd ed. Workingham, UK: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[dal03]{dal03} Daly P. W. and Kopka H. (2003) {A Guide to \LaTeX,}
+ 4th ed. Workingham, UK: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[eij92]{eij92} Eijkhout V. (1992). \textsl{\TeX\ by Topic, a
+ \TeX nician's Referenc.} Harlow: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[goo94]{goo94} Goossens M., Mittelbach F. and Samarin A. (1994).
+ \textsl{The \LaTeX\ Companion.} Reading MA: Adddison-Wesley
+\bibitem[goo97]{goo97} Goossens M., Rahtz S. and Mittelbach F. (1997).
+ \textsl{The \LaTeX\ Graphic Companion.} Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[goo99]{goo99} Goossens M. and Rahtz S. (1999).
+ \textsl{The \LaTeX\ Web Companion.} Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[knu91]{knu91} Knuth D. E. (1991) \textsl{Computers and Typesetting
+ Vol A--E.} Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[knu91a]{knu91a} Knuth D. E. (1991a) Vol. A: \textsl{The \TeX book.}
+ 11.~ed. Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[knu91b]{knu91b} Knuth D. E. (1991b) Vol. B: \textsl{The Program.}
+ 4.~ed. Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+\bibitem[lam94]{lam94} Lamport L. (1994) \textsl{\LaTeX---A Document
+ Preparation System}, 2nd ed. Reading MA: Addison-Wesley
+ Addison-Wesley-Longman (Deutschland) GmbH. Bonn 1995
+\end{thebibliography}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a175b787662
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+\chapter[Preface]{Preface to the \LaTeX-Guide}
+\section{General Remarks}
+
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+
+\section[The Changes]{The Changes in Detail}
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+1. The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+2. It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+3. Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+4. PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+5. This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer3.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..77d4b8c87e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap11/exer3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+\section[Running heads]{Demonstration for running heads}
+One main reason for this exercise was the demonstration of running heads
+at the top of the pages execept for the first pages after the
+chapter sectioning commands. The running heads on even pages consist
+of the actual chapter number and the chapter title. For odd pages consist
+the running heads of actual section command for these pages as here
+demonstrated.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-1.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1ae7e6f63b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\setlength{\unitlength}{1mm}
+\begin{picture}(100,50)
+ \put(0,0){The First Picture}
+ \put(0,47){upper left}
+ \put(70,40){somewhere upper right}
+ \put(25,25){\parbox{60mm}{A seperate exercise file with the name
+ \texttt{picture.tex} should be created for the exercises in
+ this Chapter}}
+\end{picture}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d937fc02dbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{150mm}
+\begin{document}
+\setlength{\unitlength}{1.5mm}
+\noindent
+\begin{picture}(100,50)
+ \put(0,0){The First Picture}
+ \put(0,47){upper left}
+ \put(70,40){somewhere upper right}
+ \put(25,25){\parbox[t]{60mm}{A seperate exercise file with the name
+ \texttt{picture.tex} should be created for the exercises
+ Bezugspunkt bei der obersten Zeile der Absatzbox}}
+\end{picture}
+
+\bigskip\noindent
+\begin{picture}(100,50)
+ \put(0,0){The First Picture}
+ \put(0,47){upper left}
+ \put(70,40){somewhere upper right}
+ \put(25,25){\parbox[b]{60mm}{A seperate exercise file with the name
+ \texttt{picture.tex} should be created for the exercises
+ Bezugspunkt bei der obersten Zeile der Absatzbox}}
+\end{picture}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-3.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3c927b9ddc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{156mm}
+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{5mm}
+\begin{document}
+\setlength{\unitlength}{1mm}\thicklines
+\noindent
+\begin{picture}(156,65)\small
+\multiput(1,0)(26,0){6}{\framebox(24,20){}}
+\multiput(8,26)(50,0){3}{\framebox(40,16){}}
+\put(48,48){\framebox(60,12){}}
+\put(78,57.5){\makebox(0,0){\textbf{Directorate}}}
+\put(78,52){\makebox(0,0){Managing Director}}
+\put(8,50){\framebox(30,10){\begin{minipage}{27mm}\centering
+ Scientific\\ Advisors\end{minipage}}}
+\put(118,52){\framebox(30,8){Trustees}}
+\put(28,40){\makebox(0,0){Science}}
+\put(78,40){\makebox(0,0){Administration}}
+\put(128,40){\makebox(0,0){Technical Head}}
+\put(13,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Projects}}
+\put(39,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Services}}
+\put(65,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Stores}}
+\put(91,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Phys.~Plant}}
+\put(117,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Workshops}}
+\put(143,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Labs}}
+\put(143,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ Project\\ working\\ groups\end{minipage}}}
+\put(117,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ Project\\ hardware\\ construction\end{minipage}}}
+\put(91,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ including\\ general\\ services\end{minipage}}}
+\put(65,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ Orders\\ Receiving\\ Customs\end{minipage}}}
+\put(39,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ Library\\ Computer\\ facilities\end{minipage}}}
+\put(13,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ Developement\\ Analysis\\ Theory\end{minipage}}}
+\put(28,32){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{38mm}\centering
+ Project planning and\\ managing\end{minipage}}}
+\put(78,32){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{38mm}\centering
+ Personnel\\ Bookkeeping\end{minipage}}}
+\put(128,32){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{38mm}\centering
+ Staff planning\\ Drafting\end{minipage}}}
+\end{picture}
+\thinlines
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-4.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-4.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b0dd23a8b32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-4.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{156mm}
+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{5mm}
+\begin{document}
+\setlength{\unitlength}{1mm}\thicklines
+\noindent
+\begin{picture}(156,65)\small
+\multiput(1,0)(26,0){6}{\framebox(24,20){}}
+\multiput(8,26)(50,0){3}{\framebox(40,16){}}
+\put(48,48){\framebox(60,12){}}
+\put(48,54.5){\line(1,0){60}}
+\multiput(28,42)(50,0){3}{\line(0,1){3}}
+\put(28,45){\line(1,0){100}}
+\put(78,45){\line(0,1){3}}
+\put(78,57.5){\makebox(0,0){\textbf{Directorate}}}
+\put(78,52){\makebox(0,0){Managing Director}}
+\put(8,50){\framebox(30,10){\begin{minipage}{27mm}\centering
+ Scientific\\ Advisors\end{minipage}}}
+\put(118,52){\framebox(30,8){Trustees}}
+\multiput(8,37.5)(50,0){3}{\line(1,0){40}}
+\put(28,40){\makebox(0,0){Science}}
+\put(78,40){\makebox(0,0){Administration}}
+\put(128,40){\makebox(0,0){Technical Head}}
+\multiput(1,15)(26,0){6}{\line(1,0){24}}
+\put(13,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Projects}}
+\put(39,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Services}}
+\put(65,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Stores}}
+\put(91,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Phys.~Plant}}
+\put(117,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Workshops}}
+\put(143,17.5){\makebox(0,0){Labs}}
+\put(143,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ Project\\ working\\ groups\end{minipage}}}
+\put(117,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ Project\\ hardware\\ construction\end{minipage}}}
+\put(91,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ including\\ general\\ services\end{minipage}}}
+\put(65,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ Orders\\ Receiving\\ Customs\end{minipage}}}
+\put(39,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ Library\\ Computer\\ facilities\end{minipage}}}
+\put(13,7.5){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{22mm}\centering
+ Developement\\ Analysis\\ Theory\end{minipage}}}
+\put(28,32){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{38mm}\centering
+ Project planning and\\ managing\end{minipage}}}
+\put(78,32){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{38mm}\centering
+ Personnel\\ Bookkeeping\end{minipage}}}
+\put(128,32){\makebox(0,0){\begin{minipage}{38mm}\centering
+ Staff planning\\ Drafting\end{minipage}}}
+\multiput(13,20)(26,0){6}{\line(0,1){3}}
+\multiput(13,23)(52,0){3}{\line(1,0){26}}
+\multiput(26,23)(52,0){3}{\line(0,1){3}}
+\multiput(53,32)(50,0){2}{\vector(1,0){5}}
+\multiput(53,32)(50,0){2}{\vector(-1,0){5}}
+\put(20,42){\vector(0,1){8}}
+\put(48,58){\vector(-1,0){10}}
+\put(48,52){\vector(-1,0){10}}
+\put(113,57){\vector(1,0){5}}
+\put(113,57){\vector(-1,0){5}}
+\end{picture}
+\thinlines
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-5.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-5.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e1c5817760a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-5.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\setlength{\unitlength}{0.1in}
+\thicklines\noindent
+\begin{picture}(15,15)
+\put(0,5){\line(0,1){5}}
+\put(0,5){\line(1,2){5}}
+\put(0,5){\line(1,1){10}}
+\put(0,5){\line(3,1){15}}
+\put(0,5){\line(1,0){15}}
+\put(0,5){\line(2,-1){10}}
+\put(0,5){\line(1,-1){5}}
+\put(5,0){\line(-1,2){5}}
+\put(5,0){\line(0,1){15}}
+\put(5,0){\line(1,3){5}}
+\put(5,0){\line(1,1){10}}
+\put(5,0){\line(2,1){10}}
+\put(5,0){\line(1,0){5}}
+\put(10,0){\line(-1,1){10}}
+\put(10,0){\line(-1,3){5}}
+\put(10,0){\line(0,1){15}}
+\put(10,0){\line(1,2){5}}
+\put(10,0){\line(1,1){5}}
+\put(15,5){\line(0,1){5}}
+\put(15,5){\line(-1,2){5}}
+\put(15,5){\line(-1,1){10}}
+\put(15,5){\line(-3,1){15}}
+\put(15,10){\line(-1,1){5}}
+\put(15,10){\line(-2,1){10}}
+\put(15,10){\line(-2,1){10}}
+\put(15,10){\line(-1,0){15}}
+\put(5,15){\line(1,0){5}}
+\put(5,15){\line(-1,-1){5}}
+\put(0,10){\line(2,1){10}}
+\end{picture}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-6.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-6.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0b3c562b882
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-6.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{130mm}
+\begin{document}
+\unitlength2.0mm
+\begin{picture}(60,28)\thicklines
+\multiput(7.5,3)(18,0){2}{\circle{5.5}}
+\multiput(7.5,3)(18,0){2}{\circle{2.5}}
+\multiput(7.5,3)(18,0){2}{\circle*{0.5}}
+\put(16.5,3){\oval(24,6)}
+\multiput(10.5,0.5)(1.5,0){9}{\circle*{1}}
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+\put(11.25,8){\line(1,3){1}}
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+\put(12.5,11){\line(1,0){10}}
+\put(11.25,9.5){\oval(3,3)[l]}
+\put(11.25,11){\line(1,0){1}}
+\put(10,9.5){\oval(10,1.5)[l]}
+\put(5,9.5){\oval(10,0.9)[l]}
+\put(18,11){\oval(2.5,2.5)[t]}
+\put(0,0){\line(0,1){2.5}}
+\put(0,0){\line(1,0){2.5}}
+\put(23,13){$\scriptstyle LU=2~mm$}
+\end{picture}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-7.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-7.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f0c686601de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap15/exer15-7.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage{graphpap}
+\begin{document}
+\setlength{\unitlength}{2mm}
+\graphpaper[1](0,0)(50,75)
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-1.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..55dfbfa70fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+Today (\today) the rate of exchange between the British
+pound and American dollar is \pounds = \$1.71, an
+increase of 1\% over yesterday.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3e3b95c66d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-3a.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-3a.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..08a38d23b12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-3a.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage{eurosym}
+\begin{document}
+Today (\today) the rate of exchange between the British pound
+and European euro is \pounds 1 = \euro1.44, an increase of 1\%
+over yesterday.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-3b.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-3b.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ca26eeaec38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-3b.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage{textcomp}
+\begin{document}
+Today (\today) the rate of exchange between the British pound
+and European euro is \pounds 1 = \textsf{\texteuro}1.44, an
+increase of 1\% over yesterday.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-3c.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-3c.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7b774a221dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap2/exer2-3c.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage{europs}
+\begin{document}
+Today (\today) the rate of exchange between the British pound
+and European euro is \pounds 1 = \EUR1.44, an increase of 1\%
+over yesterday.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-10.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-10.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9dc297215fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-10.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+\documentclass[twoside]{report}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\begin{document}
+%\Title{Exercises} \author{Steven Writer\\ Texas A \& M University\\
+% Department of Computer Science}
+%\date{College Station, Texas \today} \maketitle
+\chapter{Floodings at Venice over Centuries}
+\section{Solution for Venice's Flooding Problems}
+\subsection{Can Venice be Saved?}
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\subsection{Additional Information to the Gates}
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\chapter{Preface to the \LaTeX-Guide}
+\section{General Remarks}
+
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+
+\section{The Changes in Detail}
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+1. The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+2. It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+3. Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+4. PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+5. This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.
+
+\section{Demonstration for running heads}
+One main reason for this exercise was the demonstration of running heads
+at the top of the pages execept for the first pages after the
+chapter sectioning commands. The running heads on even pages consist
+of the actual chapter number and the chapter title. For odd pages consist
+the running heads of actual section command for these pages as here
+demonstrated.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-11.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-11.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..11cde4f1317
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-11.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+\documentclass[twoside]{report}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\begin{document}
+%\Title{Exercises} \author{Steven Writer\\ Texas A \& M University\\
+% Department of Computer Science}
+%\date{College Station, Texas \today} \maketitle
+\chapter[Floodings at Venice]{Floodings at Venice over Centuries}
+\section[A Problem's Solution]{Solution for Venice's Flooding Problems}
+\subsection{Can Venice be Saved?}
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\subsection{Additional Information to the Gates}
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\chapter[Preface]{Preface to the \LaTeX-Guide}
+\section{General Remarks}
+
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+
+\section[The Changes]{The Changes in Detail}
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+1. The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+2. It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+3. Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+4. PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+5. This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.
+
+\section[Running heads]{Demonstration for running heads}
+One main reason for this exercise was the demonstration of running heads
+at the top of the pages execept for the first pages after the
+chapter sectioning commands. The running heads on even pages consist
+of the actual chapter number and the chapter title. For odd pages consist
+the running heads of actual section command for these pages as here
+demonstrated.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-12.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-12.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fdc780ac5ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-12.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+\documentclass[twoside]{report}
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\begin{document}
+%\Title{Exercises} \author{Steven Writer\\ Texas A \& M University\\
+% Department of Computer Science}
+%\date{College Station, Texas \today} \maketitle
+\pagenumbering{roman}
+\tableofcontents \newpage
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+
+\chapter[Floodings at Venice]{Floodings at Venice over Centuries}
+\section[A Problem's Solution]{Solution for Venice's Flooding Problems}
+\subsection{Can Venice be Saved?}
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\subsection{Additional Information to the Gates}
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\chapter[Preface]{Preface to the \LaTeX-Guide}
+\section{General Remarks}
+
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+
+\section[The Changes]{The Changes in Detail}
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+1. The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+2. It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+3. Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+4. PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+5. This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.
+
+\section[Running heads]{Demonstration for running heads}
+One main reason for this exercise was the demonstration of running heads
+at the top of the pages execept for the first pages after the
+chapter sectioning commands. The running heads on even pages consist
+of the actual chapter number and the chapter title. For odd pages consist
+the running heads of actual section command for these pages as here
+demonstrated.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-12.toc b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-12.toc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f82595285fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-12.toc
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {1}Floodings at Venice}{1}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.1}A Problem's Solution}{1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.1.1}Can Venice be Saved?}{1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.1.2}Additional Information to the Gate}{2}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {2}Preface}{3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.1}General Remarks}{3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}The Changes}{4}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}Running heads}{5}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-1a.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-1a.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e9c20784095
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-1a.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+\documentclass[11pt]{article}
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-1b.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-1b.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..59f30218cdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-1b.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+\documentclass[12pt]{article}
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4aa38dc98e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+\documentclass[twocolumn]{article}
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-3.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4a9580c1e3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+\documentclass[11pt]{article}
+\pagestyle{myheadings} \markright{Exercises}
+\pagenumbering{Roman}
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\bigskip
+ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO THE GATES.
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\bigskip
+PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE
+
+\medskip
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-4a.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-4a.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5b2a3215456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-4a.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage{parskip}
+\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.2}
+\pagestyle{myheadings} \markright{Exercises}
+\pagenumbering{Roman}
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\bigskip
+ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO THE GATES.
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\bigskip
+PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE
+
+\medskip
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-4b.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-4b.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a66330b8c7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-4b.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage{parskip}
+\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.5}
+\pagestyle{myheadings} \markright{Exercises}
+\pagenumbering{Roman}
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\bigskip
+ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO THE GATES.
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\bigskip
+PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE
+
+\medskip
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-5a.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-5a.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8eaf9fe8579
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-5a.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+\documentclass[11pt]{article}
+\pagestyle{myheadings} \markright{Exercises}
+\pagenumbering{Roman}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{15cm} \setlength{\textheight}{23cm}
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\bigskip
+ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO THE GATES.
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\bigskip
+PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE
+
+\medskip
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-5b.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-5b.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f881200c8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-5b.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+\documentclass[11pt]{article}
+\pagestyle{myheadings} \markright{Exercises}
+\pagenumbering{Roman}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{15cm} \setlength{\textheight}{23cm}
+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{7.5mm} \setlength{\topmargin}{-5mm}
+%***********************************************************************
+% The chosen values for \oddsidemargin and \topmargin are appropriate *
+% for a4 paper format. If your printer uses a different papersize, *
+% e.g. letter format, adjust this values to those, appropriate for *
+% your printer's paper format. *
+%***********************************************************************
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\bigskip
+ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO THE GATES.
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\bigskip
+PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE
+
+\medskip
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-6.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-6.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..797b1a06680
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-6.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+\documentclass[11pt]{article}
+\pagestyle{myheadings} \markright{Exercises}
+\pagenumbering{Roman}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{15cm} \setlength{\textheight}{23cm}
+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{7.5mm} \setlength{\topmargin}{-5mm}
+\flushbottom
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\bigskip
+ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO THE GATES.
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\bigskip
+PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE
+
+\medskip
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+1. The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+2. It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+3. Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+4. PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+5. This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-7a.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-7a.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..08d2848730e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-7a.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+\documentclass[11pt,twoside]{article}
+\pagestyle{myheadings} \markright{Exercises}
+\pagenumbering{Roman}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{15cm} \setlength{\textheight}{23cm}
+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{7.5mm} \setlength{\topmargin}{-5mm}
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\bigskip
+ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO THE GATES.
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\bigskip
+PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE
+
+\medskip
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+1. The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+2. It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+3. Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+4. PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+5. This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-7b.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-7b.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a50acd4b6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-7b.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+\documentclass[11pt,twoside]{article}
+\pagestyle{myheadings} \markright{Exercises}
+\pagenumbering{Roman}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{15cm} \setlength{\textheight}{23cm}
+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{7.5mm} \setlength{\topmargin}{-5mm}
+\setlength{\evensidemargin}{1mm}
+%*************************************************************************
+% Again the chosen values for \oddsidemargin, \topmargin and \evenside- *
+% margin are appropriate for a4 paper format. If your printer uses a *
+% different papersize, e.g. letter format, adjust this values to those *
+% appropriate for your printer's paper format. *
+%*************************************************************************
+\begin{document}
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\bigskip
+ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO THE GATES.
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\bigskip
+PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE
+
+\medskip
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+1. The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+2. It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+3. Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+4. PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+5. This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-8a.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-8a.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..81c9c96889f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-8a.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\pagestyle{myheadings} \markright{Exercises}
+\begin{document}
+\title{Exercises} \author{Steven Writer\\Texas A \& M University\\
+Department of Computer Science}
+\date{College Station, Texas \today} \maketitle
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\bigskip
+ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO THE GATES.
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\bigskip
+PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE
+
+\medskip
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+1. The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+2. It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+3. Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+4. PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+5. This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-8b.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-8b.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..03f58441d60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-8b.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+\documentclass[titlepage]{article}
+\pagestyle{myheadings} \markright{Exercises}
+\begin{document}
+\title{Exercises} \author{Steven Writer\\Texas A \& M University\\
+Department of Computer Science}
+\date{College Station, Texas \today} \maketitle
+CAN VENICE BE SAVED?
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\bigskip
+ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO THE GATES.
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\bigskip
+PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE
+
+\medskip
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+1. The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+2. It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+3. Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+4. PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+5. This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-9.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-9.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..93aa23daac5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap3/exer3-9.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+%\Title{Exercises} \author{Steven Writer\\ Texas A \& M University\\
+% Department of Computer Science}
+%\date{College Station, Texas \today} \maketitle
+\section{Solution for Venice's Flooding Problems}
+\subsection{Can Venice be Saved?}
+
+Water and Venice have always a complicated relationship.
+The world's most famously wet city is also one of its most
+famously endangered ones, forever being flooded by its
+signature canals. Even since the 14th century, Italian
+engineers have dreamed of ways to control the water. Now
+a solution may be at hand: the Moses project, a vast series
+of sea gates that may finally the sodden city dry.
+
+The need for Venetian water control has never been greater.
+Especially high tides have caused major floods 10 times in
+the past 67 years alone, most diastrously in 1966 when the
+water in parts of the city climbed to more than 1.83 m.
+Compression of sediment under the city, along with rising sea
+levels, often causes smaller floods, shutting down businesses
+and making sidewalks and squares impossible.
+
+The source of the problem is geography. Venice is primarily a
+small cluster of interlocked islands set in the northern end of
+a 536-sq.-km lagoon. A long ridge of land seperates the lagoon
+from the far larger Gulf of Venice except at three major inlets.
+These openings allow high gulf tides to become high Venetian tides,
+with the water sometimes climbing far enough to swamp the city's
+seawalls.
+
+In 1984 a commission composed of Italy's 50 largest engeneering and
+construction firms was formed to find a way to control the water
+flow through the inlets, and Moses is it. Moses, an acronym for the
+plan's technical name as well as a lyrical reference to the parting of
+the Red Sea, calls for 78 hollow sea gates---each up to 5 m thick, 20 m
+wide and 27.5 m long---to be hinged to foundations, or caissons, in the
+seabed and to lie flat there. The gates would usually be filled with
+water, but when tides rises to a height of 1 m or more, compressse air
+would pump the water out. The free end of the gates would then float
+upwards, breaking the surface after about 30 minutes and sealing off
+the inlets. Sea locks would permit permit ships to pass while the gates
+are up.
+
+The project---which would take as long as ten years and cost at least
+\$2.7 billion---could still run into obstacles, especially given the
+fickle nature of Italian politics. Concerned that gates would be raised
+so frequently and remain there so long that they would cause water in the
+lagoon to grow stagnant, Greens are making that argument in an
+environmental-impact review that could delay or even scuttle construction.
+Even so, this is the closest Venice has come to a permanent solution to
+its water problems in 700 years. By local bureaucratic standards, that's
+not too bad.
+
+%---By Jeffrey Kluger. Reported by Jeff Israely/Rome---Time, June 2, 2003
+
+\subsection{Additional Information to the Gates}
+
+The gates are made of steel covered with a resistant coating to prevent
+building of algae and crustaceans. Every five years they're are scheduled
+for removal and cleaning.
+
+The 78 hollow sea gates are filled with water most of the time and remain
+out of sight in a foundation or cassion. During especially high tides,
+compressed air flushes out the seawater. Within 30 min.\ the gates rise
+to the surface and block the inlets. When the danger passes, water is
+admitted back into the gates, causing them to sink within 15 min.
+
+\section{Preface to the \LaTeX-Guide}
+\subsection{General Remarks}
+
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like `pdf\TeX' and `dvipdfm' for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern `packages' to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.
+
+\subsection{The Changes in Detail}
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+
+1. The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ picture environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and `picture' is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+2. It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a markup language,
+ with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+3. Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, `natbib' where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+4. PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the `hyperref' package by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the `\LaTeX\ Web Companion'.
+
+5. This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-1.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8a19c9114ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+A section of text may be displayed by indenting it by an equal amount
+on both sides, with the `quote' or `quotation' environment, as
+demonstrated here for the `quote' environment first.
+\begin{quote}
+Additonal vertical spacing is inserted above and below the displayed
+text to seperate it vertically from normal text.
+
+The text to be displayed may be over any length; it can be part of a
+sentence, a whole paragraph, or several paragraphs.
+
+Paragraphs are seperated as usual with an empty line, although no
+empty lines are needed at the beginning and end of the displayed
+text since additional vertical spacing is inserted here anyway.
+\end{quote}
+And here follows a demonstration of the `quotation' environment.
+\begin{quotation}
+In the `quotation' environment, paragraphs are marked by extra indentation
+of the first line, wheras in the `quote' environment, they are indicated
+more vertical spacing between them.
+
+The present text is produced within the `quotation' environment, while
+the example above was done with the `quote' environment.
+
+The `quotation' environment is only really meaningfil, when the regular
+text makes use of first-line indentation to show off new paragraphs.
+\end{quotation}
+The adjacent text behind the `quote' and/or `quotation' environment is
+processed in standard form again, as shown here. An empty line behind
+one of this environments starts the adjecent text as a new paragraph,
+indicated by an indentend first line of the the following text. The
+user may demonstrate this by the slight modification for this solution
+example.
+\end{document}
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-10.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-10.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5cca868bdac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-10.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+
+% This text is taken from Chapter 6, Tables
+% Guide to LaTeX, 4th edition.
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+Table material is made to float with the environment:
+\begin{quote}
+ \verb=\begin{table}= \emph{head\_text\quad table\quad foot\_text\quad}
+ \verb=\end{table}
+\end{quote}
+where \emph{table} stands for the entire table as defined in the
+\texttt{tabular} environment, \emph{head\_text} for whatever text appears
+above the table, and \emph{foot\_text} for that below. Width, spacing,
+and positioning of the texts relative to the table are all matters for the
+user to arrange.
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..82fd219788e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+\documentclass[12pt]{article}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{100mm}
+\begin{document}
+\begin{center}\Large\textbf{The Jabberwocky}\end{center}
+\begin{verse}\itshape
+'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves\\
+Did gyre and gimble in the wabe:\\
+All mimsy were the borogoves,\\
+And the mome raths outgrabe.
+
+"Beware the Jabberwock, my son!\\
+The jaws that bite, the claws that catch!\\
+Beware the Jubjub bird, and shun\\
+The frumious Bandersnatch!"
+
+He took his vorpal sword in hand:\\
+Long time the manxome foe he sought-\\
+So rested he by the Tumtum tree,\\
+And stood awhile in thought.
+
+And, as in uffish thought he stood,\\
+The Jabberwock, with eyes of flame,\\
+Came whiffling through the tulgey wood,\\
+And burbled as it came!
+
+One, two! One, two! And through and through\\
+The vorpal blade went snicker-snack!\\
+He left it dead, and with its head\\
+He went galumphing back.
+
+"And hast thou slain the Jabberwock?\\
+Come to my arms, my beamish boy!\\
+O frabjous day! Callooh! Callay!"\\
+He chortled in his joy.
+
+'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves\\
+Did gyre and gimble in the wabe:\\
+All mimsy were the borogoves,\\
+And the mome raths outgrabe.
+\end{verse}
+\begin{flushright} Lewis Carroll\end{flushright}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-3.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..405f4ff97cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\begin{titlepage} \centering
+\vspace*{5cm}
+\textbf{\Huge Exercises}\\[1.5cm]
+\Large Steven Writer\\
+Texas A \& M University\\
+Department of Computer Science\\[5mm]
+College Station, Texas \today
+\end{titlepage}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-4.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-4.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..852050a335c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-4.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+A forfould nestin of the itemize an environment appears as follows:
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item The label for the first level is a black dot, a \emph{bullet}.
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item That of the second level is a long dash (en dash).
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item That of the third level is an asterisk.
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item And the label for the fourth level is an upshifted dot.
+ \item At the same time, the vertical spacing is decrease with
+ increasing depth.
+ \end{itemize}
+ \item Back to the third level.
+ \item Each level may contain several labels of the same degree,
+ \item as shown here for third level.
+ \end{itemize}
+ \item Back to the second level.
+ \end{itemize}
+ \item And here we are at the first level of the itemize list again.
+ \item The standard label markers for each level can be changed by
+ the user
+ \item as demonstrated with the solution example for exercise 4.6.
+\end{itemize}
+Similary for the enumerate environment, where the style of numberin changes
+with the nesting level:
+\begin{enumerate}
+ \item The numbering at the first level is with Arabic numerals followed
+ by a period.
+ \begin{enumerate}
+ \item At the second level, it is with lower case letters in paranthesis.
+ \begin{enumerate}
+ \item The third level is numbered with lower case Roman numerals
+ with a period.
+ \begin{enumerate}
+ \item At the fourth level, capital letters are used.
+ \item The label style can be changed as shown in the solution
+ example for exercise 4.7.
+ \end{enumerate}
+ \item Back to the third level.
+ \end{enumerate}
+ \item Back to the second level.
+ \item Also the enumerat environment may contain in every level
+ several labels of the same degree,
+ \item as shown here for the second level.
+ \end{enumerate}
+ \item Each level should contain at least two labels,
+ \item but formally less labels are allowed!
+\end{enumerate}
+\end{document}
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-5.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-5.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..838f06ca659
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-5.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\textbf{\large Canadian Participants}
+\begin{description}
+\item[Ady, Michael S.] Edmonton, Alberta
+\item[Brunskill, Roxanne] Calgary, Alberta
+\item[Chan, Stephen] Burnaby, British Columbia
+\item[Dick, Roberta] Don Mills, Ontario
+\item[Flynn, Frank] Vancouver, British Collumbia
+\item[Galko, Peter] Ottawa, Ontario
+\item[Jones, Ed] Halifax, Nona Scotia
+\item[Herschorn, Michael] Montr\'eal, Qu\'ebec
+\item[Mackinnon, James G.] Kingston, Ontario
+\end{description}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-6.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-6.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ec8b4405cf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-6.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\renewcommand{\labelitemi}{---}
+\renewcommand{\labelitemii}{--}
+\renewcommand{\labelitemiii}{-}
+\begin{document}
+With the user changed label commands, the standard labels occure now
+in the following form:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item The label for the first level is a long dash (em dash).
+\begin{itemize}
+\item That for the second level a medium dash (en dash).
+\begin{itemize}
+\item And that for the third level a short dash, a hyphen.
+\item Changed label symbols should be uniform for the whole users documen.
+\end{itemize}
+\item Also not changed several times within the document.
+\end{itemize}
+\item As shown here.
+\end{itemize}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-7.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-7.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f9d739fffdf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-7.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{(\Roman{enumi})}
+\renewcommand{\labelenumii}{\Roman{enumi}--\arabic{enumii}}
+\begin{document}
+With the user modified label commands for the first two level of the
+enumerate environment, the corresponding labels occure now as follows:
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item The labels for the first level are roman captal numerals enclosed by
+parenthesis.
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item The labels for the second level are the roman numerals of the first
+ level followed by the number of the second level, seperated by
+ a medium dash.
+\item Here is the next label of the second level.
+\item Followed by the third label of the second level.
+\end{enumerate}
+\item And back now to the second label of the first level.
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item And again at the second level with the combined roman numeral and
+ the actual label number of this level.
+\item And so one for continously labels of this label
+\item as demonstrated here for the third label
+\end{enumerate}
+\item An back now the the next label of the first level
+\item before we leave the enumerate environment.
+\end{enumerate}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-8.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-8.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eb5c771f23d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-8.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\newcounter{num}
+\newenvironment{sample}{\begin{list}{\textbf{Sample \Alph{num}}\hfill}%
+ {\usecounter{num} \setlength{\labelwidth}{20mm}
+ \setlength{\leftmargin}{22mm} \setlength{\rightmargin}{5mm}
+ \setlength{\itemsep}{1ex plus0.5ex minus 0.4ex}
+ \setlength{\listparindent}{1em}
+ \setlength{\parsep}{0ex plus0.5ex} }}
+ {\end{list}}
+\begin{document}
+The user defined \texttt{sample}-environment of the upper preamble
+demontrates the position of the corresponding label and their
+left an right margins.
+\begin{sample}
+\item with no commercial value.
+\item on receipt of the enclosed voucher an amount of 5.00 \$ will be
+ paid.
+\end{sample}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-9.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-9.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a90d9519bb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap4/exer4-9.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\begin{verbatim}
+Table material is made to float with the envronment:
+\begin{quote}
+ \verb=\begin{table}= \emph{head\_text\quad table\quad foot\_text\quad}
+ \verb=\end{table}
+\end{quote}
+where \emph{table} stands for the entire table as defined in the
+\texttt{tabular} environment, \emph{head\_text} for whatever text appears
+above the table, and \emph{foot\_text} for that below. Width, spacing,
+and positioning of the texts relative to the table are all matters for the
+user to arrange.
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-1.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..59fc66dc4b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+
+% First Solution
+\footnotesize\noindent
+\begin{minipage}[b]{85mm}
+\parbox[t]{3.5cm}{The first line of this 3.5\,cm wide minipage or parbox
+ is aligned with the first line of the neighboring minipage or parbox.}
+\hfill
+\parbox[t]{4.5cm}{This 4.5\,cm wide minipage or parbox is positioned so
+ so that its top line is at the same level as that of the box on the
+ left, while its bottom line is even with that of the box on the right.
+ The na\"{\i}ve notation that this arrangement may be achieved with the
+ positioning arguments \texttt{t}, \texttt{t}, and \texttt{b} is incorrect.
+ Why? What would this selection really produce?} \\ \mbox{}
+\end{minipage}\hfill
+\parbox[b]{3.1cm}{The true solution involves the nesting of two of the three
+ structures in an enclosed minipage, which is then seperated aligned
+ with the third one.}
+
+% Second Solution
+\vspace{10mm}\noindent
+\parbox[t]{3.5cm}{The first line of this 3.5\,cm wide minipage or parbox
+ is aligned with the first line of the neighboring minipage or parbox.}
+\hfill
+\begin{minipage}[t]{81mm}\mbox{}\\
+\parbox[b]{4.5cm}{This 4.5\,cm wide minipage or parbox is positioned so
+ so that its top line is at the same level as that of the box on the
+ left, while its bottom line is even with that of the box on the right.
+ The na\"{\i}ve notation that this arrangement may be achieved with the
+ positioning arguments \texttt{t}, \texttt{t}, and \texttt{b} is incorrect.
+ Why? What would this selection really produce?}
+\hfill
+\parbox[b]{3.1cm}{The true solution involves the nesting of two of the three
+ structures in an enclosed minipage, which is then seperated aligned
+ with the third one.}
+\end{minipage}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bf1ac8442a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage{german}
+\begin{document}
+
+\newsavebox{\warning}
+\sbox{\warning}{\setlength{\fboxrule}{0.25mm}\setlength{\fboxsep}{1.5mm}%
+\fbox{\parbox{10cm}{\large Vertical placement of minipages and parboxes can
+ lead to surprising results which may be corrected by the use of dummy
+ lines.}}}
+
+\begin{center} \usebox{\warning} \end{center}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-3.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..92c67d1e25a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\section*{PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE}
+
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.%
+\footnote{With the result, that all maintance for \LaTeX\ 2.09 has been stopped
+with the occurance of \LaTeXe\ as well as any further developement.}
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like pdf\TeX and \texttt{dvipdfm} for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern \emph{packages} to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.\footnote{In between many hundreds
+of supplements and extensions in form of packages have been developed for
+\LaTeXe. Only the most important will be presented in this book.}
+
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ \texttt{picture} environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and \texttt{picturer} is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+\item It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a \emph{markup}
+ language, with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+\item Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, \texttt{natbib} where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+\item PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the \texttt{hyperref package} by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material.
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the \textsl{\LaTeX\ Web Companion}.
+
+\item This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.\footnote{Information for installation details are
+given in the self documentation for the \TeX Live CD.}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-4.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-4.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b7c54109292
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap5/exer5-4.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
+\begin{document}
+\section*{PREFACE TO THE \LaTeX-GUIDE}
+
+A new edition to ``A Guide to \LaTeX'' begs the fundamental question:
+Has \LaTeX\ changed so much since the appearance of the third edition in 1999
+that a new release of this manual is justified?
+
+The simple answer to that question is `Well \dots.' In 1994, the \LaTeX\
+world was in upheaval with the issue of the new version \LaTeXe, and the
+second edition of the `Guide' came out just then to act as the bridge
+between the old and new versions. By 1998, the initial teething problems had
+been worked out and corrected through semi-annual releases, and the third
+edition could describe an established, working system. However, homage was
+still paid to the older 2.09 version since many users still employed its
+familiar syntax, although they were most likely to be using it in a \LaTeXe\
+environment. \LaTeX\ has now reached a degree of stability that since 2000
+the regular updates have been reduced to annual events, which often appear
+months after the nominal date, something that does not worry anyone. The old
+version 2.09 is obsolete and should no longer play any role in such a manual.%
+\footnote{With the result, that all maintance for \LaTeX\ 2.09 has been stopped
+with the occurance of \LaTeXe\ as well as any further developement.}
+In this fourth edition, it is reduced to an appendix just to document its
+syntax and usage.
+
+But if \LaTeX\ itself has not changed substantially since 1999, many of its
+peripherals have. The rise of programs like pdf\TeX and \texttt{dvipdfm} for
+PDF output adds new possibilities, which are realized, not in \LaTeX\
+directly, but by means of more modern \emph{packages} to extend the basic
+features. The distribution of \TeX/\LaTeX\ installations has changed, such
+that most users are given a complete, ready-to-run setup, with all the
+`extras' that one used to have to obtain oneself. Those extras include
+user-contributed packages, many of which are now considered indispensable.
+Today `the \LaTeX\ system' includes much more than the basic kernel by Leslie
+Lamport, encompassing the contributions of hundreds of other people. This
+edition reflects this increase in breadth.\footnote{In between many hundreds
+of supplements and extensions in form of packages have been developed for
+\LaTeXe. Only the most important will be presented in this book.}
+
+The changes to the fourth edition are mainly those of emphasis.
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item The material has been reorganized into `Basics' and `Beyond the Basics'
+ (`advanced' sounds too intimidating) while the appendices contain
+ topics that really can be skipped by most everyday users. Exception:
+ Appendix H is an alphabetized command summary that many
+ people find extremely useful (including ourselves).
+
+ This reorganizing is meant to stress certain aspects over others. For
+ example, the section on graphics inclusion and color was originally
+ treated as an exotic freak, relegated to an appendix on extensions; in the
+ third edition, it moved up to be included in a front chapter along with the
+ \texttt{picture} environment and floats; now it dominates
+ Chapter 6 all on its own, the floats come in the following
+ Chapter 7, and \texttt{picturer} is banished to the later
+ Chapter 13. This is not to say that the picture features are no good,
+ but only that they are very specialized. We add
+ descriptions of additional drawing possibilities there too.
+
+\item It is stressed as much as possible that \LaTeX\ is a \emph{markup}
+ language, with separation of content and form. Typographical settings
+ should be placed in the preamble, while the body contains only logical
+ markup. This is in keeping with the modern ideas of XML, where form and
+ content are radically segregated.
+
+\item Throughout this edition, contributed packages are explained at that point
+ in the text where they are most relevant. The `fancyhdr' package
+ comes in the section on page styles, \texttt{natbib} where literature
+ citations are explained. This stresses that these `extensions' are part of
+ the \LaTeX\ system as a whole. However, to remind the user that they must
+ still be explicitly loaded, a marginal note is placed at the start of their
+ descriptions.
+
+\item PDF output is taken for granted throughout the book, in addition to the
+ classical DVI format. This means that the added possibilities of `pdf\TeX'
+ and `dvipdfm' are explained where they are relevant. A separate
+ Chapter 10 on PostScript and PDF is still necessary, and the
+ best interface to PDF output, the \texttt{hyperref package} by Sebastian
+ Rahtz, is explained in detail. PDF is also included in
+ Chapter 15 on presentation material.
+
+ On the other hand, the other Web output formats, HTML and XML, are only
+ dealt with briefly in Appendix E, since these are large topics
+ treated in other books, most noticeably the \textsl{\LaTeX\ Web Companion}.
+
+\item This book is being distributed with the \TeX Live CD, with the kind
+ permission of Sebastian Rahtz who maintains it for the \TeX\ Users Group.
+ It contains a full \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ installation for Windows, Macintosh,
+ and Linux, plus many of the myriad extensions that exist.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+We once again express our hope that this \textsl{Guide} will prove more than
+useful to all those who wish to find their way through the intricate world of
+\LaTeX. And with the addition of the \TeX Live CD, that world is brought even
+closer to their doorsteps.\footnote{Information for installation details are
+given in the self documentation for the \TeX Live CD.}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-1.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5845bc6c1cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\begin{tabbing}
+Project: \=Total Requirements \= = \$900\,000.00 \+\\
+ of which \> 2003\'= \$450\,000.00 \+\\
+ 2004\' = \$350\,000.00 \\ 2005\' = \$100\,000.00\-\\[0.5ex] \pushtabs
+ 2003 approved: \=\$350\,000.00\quad\= Deficiency: \= \$100\,000.00\\
+ 2004 \> \$300\,000.00 \>\>\$150\,000.00\\
+ 2005 \> \$250\,000.00 \> Surplus:\>\$150\,000.00 \\[0.5ex] \poptabs
+ tentative \> 2004\' = \$1\=00\,000.00 for deficiency \= 2003 \+\\
+ 2005\' = \$\>50\,000.00 \> 2004 \\
+ + \$100\,000.00 \>\>excess for\'2003 in 2004\-\-\\[0.5ex]
+ Commitments \>\>2003\'= \$100\,000.00\+\+\\
+ 2004\'= \$150\,000.00\` signed: H. Andr\a'e
+\end{tabbing}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..873e50fd087
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\begin{tabular}{|r|l||rrr|r@{:}l|r@{:}l||c|}\hline
+ \multicolumn{10}{|c|}{\rule[-3mm]{0mm}{8mm}\bfseries 1st Regional Soccer
+ League --- Final Results 2002/03} \\ \hline
+ &\itshape Club &\itshape W &\itshape T &\itshape L
+ & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\itshape Goals}
+ & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\itshape Points}
+ & \itshape Remarks \\ \hline\hline
+ 1 & Amesville Rockets & 19 & 13 & 1 & 66&31 & 51&15 & League Champs \\ \hline
+ 2 & Borden Comets & 18 & 9 & 6 & 65&37 & 45&21 & Trophy Winners\\ \hline
+ 3 & Clarkson Chargers & 17 & 7 & 9 & 70&44 & 41&25 & Candidates\\ \cline{1-9}
+ 4 & Daysdon Bombers & 14 & 10 & 9 & 66&50 & 38&28 & for \\ \cline{1-9}
+ 5 & Edgartowns Devils & 16 & 6 & 11 & 63&53 & 38&28 & National \\ \cline{1-9}
+ 6 & Freeburg Fighters & 15 & 7 & 11 & 64&47 & 37&29 & League \\ \hline
+ 7 & Gadsby Tigers & 15 & 7 & 11 & 52&37 & 35&31 & \\ \cline{1-9}
+ 8 & Harrisville Hotshots& 12&11 & 10 & 62&58 & 35&31 & \\ \cline{1-9}
+ 9 & Idlleton Shovers & 14 & 9 & 11 & 49&51 & 35&31 & \\ \cline{1-9}
+10 & Jamestown Horntets& 11 & 11 & 11 & 48&47 & 33&33 & \\ \cline{1-9}
+11 & Kingston Cowboys & 13 & 5 & 14 & 54&45 & 32&34&Medium Teams\\ \cline{1-9}
+12 & Lonsdale Stompers & 12 & 8 & 13 & 50&57 & 32&34 & \\ \cline{1-9}
+13 & Marsdon Heroes & 9 & 12 & 11 & 50&42 & 31&35 & \\ \cline{1-9}
+14 & Norburg Flames & 10 & 8 & 15 & 60&68 & 28&38 & \\ \cline{1-9}
+15 & Ollison Champions & 8 & 9 & 16 & 42&49 & 25&41 & \\ \hline
+16 & Petersville Lancers& 6 & 8 & 19 & 31&77 & 20&46 & Disbanding\\ \hline
+17 & Quincy Giants & 7 & 5 & 21 & 40&89 & 19&47 & \\ \cline{1-9}
+19 & Ralstone Regulars & 3 & 11 & 19 & 37&74 & 17&49 &
+ \raisebox{1.5ex}[0pt]{Denoted} \\ \hline
+\end{tabular}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-3.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a22ed5afa0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\newcommand{\rb}[1]{\raisebox{1.5ex}[0mm]{#1}}
+\begin{center}\small
+\begin{tabular}{|l||c|l|c|l|c|l|}
+\hline
+& \multicolumn{2}{c|}{6.15--7.15 pm} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{7.20--8.20 pm}
+& \multicolumn{2}{c|}{8.30--9.30 pm} \\ \cline{2-7}
+&& Teacher && Teacher && Teacher \\ \cline{3-3}\cline{5-5}\cline{7-7}
+\rb{Day} & \rb{Subj.} & Room & \rb{Subj.} & Room & \rb{Subj.} & Room\\
+ \hline\hline
+&& Dr.~Smith && Ms.~Clark && Mr.~Mills\\
+\cline{3-3}\cline{5-5}\cline{7-7}
+\rb{Mon.} & \rb{UNIX} & Comp. Ctr & \rb{Fortran} & Hall A
+ & \rb{Math.} & Hall A \\ \hline
+&& Miss Baker && Ms.~Clark && Mr.~Mill\\
+\cline{3-3}\cline{5-5}\cline{7-7}
+\rb{Tues.} & \rb{\LaTeX} & Conf.~Room & \rb{Fortran} & Conf~Room
+ & \rb{Math.} & Hall A \\ \hline
+&& Dr.~Smith && Dr.~Jones && Dr.~Jones \\
+\cline{3-3}\cline{5-5}\cline{7-7}
+\rb{Wed.} & \rb{UNIX} & Comp. Ctr & \rb{C} & Hall A
+ & \rb{ComSci.} & Hall A \\ \hline
+&& Miss Baker && Ms. Clark & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{} \\
+\cline{3-3}\cline{5-5}
+\rb{Fri.} & \rb{\LaTeX} & Conf.~Room & \rb{C++} & Conf.~Room
+& \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\rb{canceled}}\\ \hline
+\end{tabular}\end{center}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-4.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-4.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ee319cc23c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-4.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\begin{center}\small
+\begin{tabular}{@{}p{35mm}p{60mm}l@{}}
+Course and Date & Brief Description & Prerequisites\\
+\hline
+Introduction to LSEDIT\newline
+14.3. -- 16.3. &
+ Logging on --- Explanation to the VMS fils system --- Explanation and
+ intensive application of the VMS editor LSEDIT --- user modifications
+ & none \\ \hline
+Introlduction to \LaTeX\newline
+21.3. -- 25.3. &
+ Word processors and formatting programs --- text and commands ---
+ environments --- dokument and page styles --- displayed text ---
+ math equations --- simple user defined structures
+ & LSEDIT
+\end{tabular}\end{center}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-5.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-5.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..28296855c47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap6/exer6-5.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{130mm}
+\begin{document}
+\begin{table}{\bfseries Primary Energy Consumption}\\[1ex]
+\begin{tabular*}{130mm}%
+ {@{}ll@{\extracolsep{\fill}}r@{\hspace{1em}}@{\extracolsep{1em}}rr@{}}
+% {@{}ll@{\extracolsep{\fill}}r@{\extracolsep{1em}}rr@{}}
+% Try this column definition as alternative solution
+\hline
+\multicolumn{2}{@{}l}{Energy Source} & 1975 & 1980 & 1986\\ \hline
+\multicolumn{2}{@{}l}{Total Consumption}&&& \\
+\multicolumn{2}{@{}l}{(in million tons of BCU)\footnote{BCU =
+ Bituminous Coal Unit (1 ton BCU corresponds to the heating
+ equivalent of 1 ton of bituminous coal = 8140 kwh)}}
+ & 347.7 & 390.2 & 385.0 \\
+of which & (percentages)\\
+& petroleum & 52.1 & 47.6 & 43.2 \\
+& bituminous coal & 19.1 & 19.8 & 20.0 \\
+& brown coal & 9.9 & 10.0 & 8.6 \\
+& natural gas & 14.2 & 16.5 & 15.1 \\
+& nuclear Energy & 2.0 & 3.7 & 10.1 \\
+& other\footnote{Wind, water, solar energy, and so forth}
+ & 2.7 & 2.3 & 3.0
+\end{tabular*}
+
+\emph{Source:} Energy Balance Study Group, Essen 1987.
+\end{table}
+
+\noindent \textbf{Answers to the questions from exercise 4.15}:
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item With \verb=@{}= at the beginning and end of the formatting
+ definition the additional space of half of the column gap size
+ in front and behind the table which occures by default, will
+ be suppressed.
+\item With \verb=@{\extracolsep{\hfill}}= at the beginning of the formatting
+ definition additional space of equal width would be inserted
+ between all following columns so that the total tabular with
+ becomes exatly the ordered width of 118 mm. Try this modification
+ as special exersice.
+\item \verb=@{\extracolsep{\hfill}}= is to put behind the
+ second column parameter and its countermanding
+ \verb=@{\hspace{1em}}@\extracolsep{1em}}= is to put behind the
+ third column parameter. With \verb=@{\extracolsep{1em}}= as
+ countermanding expression the gap between the third and fourth
+ column would be smaller than those for the following column.
+ Try this as alternative exercise.
+\end{enumerate}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-1.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fa73e5bbde9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+The derivative of the indirect function f[g(x)] is
+$\{f[g(x)]\}' = f'[g(x)]g'(x)$. For the second derivative of the product
+of $f(x)$ and $g(x)$ one has
+$[f(x)g(x)]'' = f''(x)g(x) + 2f'(x)g'(x) + f(x)g''(x)$.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-10.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-10.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..795eeb3c304
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-10.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+$\alpha\vec{x} = \vec{x}\alpha$,\hfill$\alpha\beta\vec{x}
+= \beta\alpha\vec{x}$,\hfill$(\alpha + \beta)\vec{x} = \alpha\vec{x} +
+\beta\vec{x}$,\hfill $\alpha(\vec{x} + \vec{y})
+= \alpha\vec{x} + \alpha\vec{y}$.\\
+\hspace*{1.5em}$\vec{x}\vec{y} = \vec{y}\vec{x}$\hfill
+but\hfill$\vec{x}\times\vec{y} =
+-\vec{y}\times\vec{x}$,\hfill\hfill$\vec{x}\vec{y} = 0$\hfill for\hfill%
+$\vec{x}\perp\vec{y}$,\hfill\hfill$\vec{x}\times\vec{y} = 0$,\hfill
+for\hfill$\vec{x}\parallel\vec{y}$.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-11.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-11.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..afefe1e54a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-11.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\begin{equation}
+\lim_{x\to0}\frac{\sqrt{1+x} - 1}{x} =
+\lim_{x\to0}\frac{(\sqrt{1+x} - 1)(\sqrt{1+x} + 1)}{x(\sqrt{1+x} + 1)} =
+\lim_{x\to0}\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x} + 1} = \frac{1}{2}
+\end{equation}
+\begin{equation}
+\frac{\partial^2 U}{\partial x^2} + \frac{\partial^2 U}{\partial y^2} = 0\quad
+\Longrightarrow\quad
+U_M = \frac{1}{4\pi}\oint\limits_\Sigma\frac{1}{r}\frac{\partial U}{\partial n}
+\,ds - \frac{1}{4\pi}\oint\limits_\Sigma\frac{\partial\frac{1}{r}}{\partial n}
+U\,ds
+\end{equation}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-12.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-12.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c8878796389
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-12.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{135mm}
+\begin{document}
+\setcounter{equation}{2}
+\begin{equation}
+S(z) = -\cos\left(\frac{\pi}{2} z^2\right) \sum_{n=0}^\infty
+ \frac{(-1)^n\pi^{2n+1}}{1\cdot3\cdots(4n+3)} z^{4n+3}
+ +\sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2} z^2\right) \sum_{n=0}^\infty
+ \frac{(-1)^n\pi^{2n}}{1\cdot3\cdots(4n+1)} z^{4n+1}
+\end{equation}
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-13.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-13.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..20d18995199
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-13.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\noindent\textbf{First solution example}:\\[1ex]
+The solution for the system equation
+\[ \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
+ F(x,y) = 0\quad\mbox{and}\quad
+ \left|\begin{array}{ccc}
+ F''_{xx} & F''_{xy} & F'_x\\
+ F''_{yx} & F''_{yy} & F'_y\\
+ F'_x & F'_y & 0
+ \end{array}\right| = 0
+\]
+yields the coordinates for the possible inflection points of $F(x,y) = 0$.
+
+\bigskip
+\noindent\textbf{Second solution example}:\\[1ex]
+The solution for the system equation
+\[ \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
+ F(x,y) = 0\quad\mbox{and}\quad\begin{array}{|ccc|}
+ F''_{xx} & F''_{xy} & F'_x\\
+ F''_{yx} & F''_{yy} & F'_y\\
+ F'_x & F'_y & 0
+ \end{array} = 0
+\]
+yields the coordinates for the possible inflection points of $F(x,y) = 0$.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-14.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-14.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4154ad0179
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-14.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\noindent\textbf{First solution example}:\\[1ex]
+The shortest distance between two straight lines represented by the equations
+\[ \frac{x-x_1}{l_1} = \frac{y-y_1}{m_1} = \frac{z-z_1}{n_1}\quad\mbox{und}%
+\quad%
+ \frac{x-x_2}{l_2} = \frac{y-y_2}{m_2} = \frac{z-z_2}{n_2} \]
+is given by the expression
+\[ \frac{\pm\;\begin{array}{|ccc|}
+ x_1 - x_2 & y_1 - y_2 & z_1 - z_2 \\
+ l_1 & m_1 & n_1 \\
+ l_2 & m_2 & n_2
+ \end{array}}{
+ \sqrt{\left|\begin{array}{cc} l_1 & m_1 \\ l_2 & m_2 \end{array}\right|^2
+ + \left|\begin{array}{cc} m_1 & n_1 \\ m_2 & n_2 \end{array}\right|^2
+ + \left|\begin{array}{cc} n_1 & l_1 \\ n_2 & l_2 \end{array}\right|^2}
+ } \]
+If the numerator is zero, the two lines meet somewhere.
+
+\bigskip
+\noindent\textbf{Second solution example}:\\[1ex]
+The shortest distance between two straight lines represented by the equations
+\[ \frac{x-x_1}{l_1} = \frac{y-y_1}{m_1} = \frac{z-z_1}{n_1}\quad\mbox{und}%
+\quad%
+ \frac{x-x_2}{l_2} = \frac{y-y_2}{m_2} = \frac{z-z_2}{n_2} \]
+is given by the expression
+\[ \frac{\pm\;\begin{array}{|ccc|}
+ x_1 - x_2 & y_1 - y_2 & z_1 - z_2 \\
+ l_1 & m_1 & n_1 \\
+ l_2 & m_2 & n_2
+ \end{array}}{
+ \sqrt{\begin{array}{|cc|} l_1 & m_1 \\ l_2 & m_2 \end{array}^2
+ + \begin{array}{|cc|} m_1 & n_1 \\ m_2 & n_2 \end{array}^2
+ + \begin{array}{|cc|} n_1 & l_1 \\ n_2 & l_2 \end{array}^2}
+ } \]
+If the numerator is zero, the two lines meet somewhere.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-15.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-15.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6383f732bab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-15.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\noindent
+Laurent expansion using $c_n = \frac{1}{2\pi i}
+\oint (\zeta-a)^{-n-1}f(\zeta)\,d\zeta$, for every function $f(z)$ the
+following representation is valid ($n=0$, $\pm1$, $\pm2$, \ldots)
+\[ f(x) = \sum_{n=-\infty}^{+\infty} c_n(z-a)^n
+ = \left\{\begin{array}{r}
+ c_0 + c_1(z-a) + c_2(z-a)^2 +\cdots+ c_n(z-a)^n+\cdots\\
+ \mbox{}+c_{-1}(z-a)^{-1} + c_{-2}(z-a)^{-2}+\cdots\\
+ \mbox{}+c_{-n}(z-a)^{-n}+\cdots \end{array}\right. \]
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-16.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-16.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e603633e6a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-16.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\noindent
+The total number of permutations of $n$ elements taken $m$ at a time
+(symbol $V_n^m$) is
+\vspace{-0.5ex}
+\[ V_n^m = \prod_{i=0}^{m-1}(n-i) =
+ \underbrace{n(n-1)(n-2)\ldots(n-m+1)}_{\mbox{total of $m$ factors}} =
+ \frac{n!}{(n-m)!} \]
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-17.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-17.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7743bee0f28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-17.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\setcounter{equation}{5}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+\arcsin x & = & -\arcsin(-x) = \frac{\pi}{2} - \arccos x =
+ \left[\arccos\sqrt{1-x^2}\,\right]\nonumber\\
+ & = & \arctan\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}} =
+ \left[\mbox{\rm arccot}\frac{\sqrt{1-x^2}}{x}\right]
+\end{eqnarray}
+\begin{eqnarray}
+\lefteqn{f(x+h,y+k) = f(x,y) + \left\{\frac{\partial f(x,y)}{\partial x}h +
+ \frac{\partial f(x,y)}{\partial y}k\right\}}\nonumber\\
+ &&\mbox{} + \frac{1}{2}\left\{\frac{\partial^2f(x,y)}{\partial x^2}h^2
+ + 2\frac{\partial^2f(x,y)}{\partial x\partial y}kh
+ + \frac{\partial^2f(x,y)}{\partial y^2}k^2\right\}\\
+ &&\mbox{} + \frac{1}{6}\{\cdots\} + \cdots + \frac{1}{n!}\{\cdots\} + R_n
+ \nonumber
+\end{eqnarray}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-18.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-18.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7abf3d9221d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-18.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\noindent
+The inverse function of the polynomial expansion ~~$y = f(x) = ax+bx^2+cx^3
++dx^4 + ex^5 + fx^6+\cdots$ $(a\ne0)$ begins with the elements
+\setlength{\arraycolsep}{2pt}
+\begin{eqnarray*}
+x = \varphi(y) = \frac{1}{a}y &-& \frac{b}{a^3}y^2 + \frac{1}{a^5}(2b^2-ac)y^3\\
+ &+&\frac{1}{a^7}(5abc - z^2d -fb^3)y^4\\
+ &+&\frac{1}{a^9}(6a^2bd + 3a^2c^2+14b^4 - a^3e - 21ab^2c)y^5\\
+ &+&\frac{1}{a^{11}}(7a^3be + 7a^3cd + 84ab^3c - a^4f -\\
+ &&28a^2b^2d -28 a^2bc^2 - 43b^5)y^6 + \cdots
+\end{eqnarray*}
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-19.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-19.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fb9c620f598
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-19.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+\documentclass[12pt]{article}
+\newcommand{\D}{\displaystyle}
+\begin{document}
+\[ a_0 + \frac{1\hfill}{\D a_1
+ + \frac{1\hfill}{\D a_2
+ + \frac{1\hfill}{\D a_3
+ + \frac{1\hfill}{a_4}}}} \]
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..56b238f25b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+The reduced cubic equation $y^3 + 3py +2q = 0$ has one real and two complex
+solutions when $D = q^2 + p^3 > 0$. These are given by Cardan's formula as
+\[ y_1 = u + v,\quad y_2 = -\frac{u+v}{2} + \frac{i}{2}\sqrt{3}(u - v),\quad
+ y_3 = -\frac{u+v}{2} - \frac{i}{2}\sqrt{3}(u-v) \]
+where
+\[ u = \sqrt[3]{-q + \sqrt{q^2+p^3}},\qquad v = \sqrt[3]{-q - \sqrt{q^2+p^3}} \]
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-20.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-20.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..515b958a9b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-20.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+%\setlength{\textwidth}{140mm}
+\begin{document}
+\[ \begin{array}{@{}r@{\;=\;}l@{\qquad}r@{\;=\;}l@{}}
+ \sin2\alpha & 2\sin\alpha\cos\alpha, &
+ \cos2\alpha & \cos^2\alpha - \sin^2\alpha\\
+ \sin3\alpha & 3\sin\alpha-4\sin^3\alpha &
+ \cos3\alpha & 3\cos^3\alpha - 3\cos\alpha\\
+ \sin4\alpha & 8\cos^3\alpha\sin\alpha - 4\cos\alpha\sin\alpha &
+ \cos4\alpha & 8\cos^4\alpha - 8\cos^2\alpha + 1
+ \end{array} \]
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-21a.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-21a.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..91e95077b77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-21a.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\newcommand{\D}{\displaystyle}
+\newcommand{\bm}{\boldmath}
+\[ \begin{array}{@{}|c|c|c|@{}}\hline
+\multicolumn{3}{@{}|c|@{}}{\rule[-0.125cm]{0mm}{0.5cm}%
+\mbox{Equations for the tangential plane and surface normal}}\\
+\hline
+\mbox{Equation}&&\\
+\mbox{for the} & \mbox{Tangential plane} & \mbox{Surface normal}\\
+\mbox{surface} & & \\ \hline
+\rule{0mm}{0.583cm}F(x,y,z)=0
+ & \begin{array}[t]{r@{\:+\:}l}
+ \D\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}(X-x)
+ & \D\frac{\partial F}{\partial y}(Y-y) \\[2ex]
+ & \D\frac{\partial F}{\partial z}(Z-z) = 0
+ \end{array}
+ & \D\frac{X-x}{\D\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}} =
+ \frac{Y-y}{\D\frac{\partial F}{\partial y}} =
+ \frac{Z-z}{\D\frac{\partial F}{\partial z}}\\
+\rule[-0.42cm]{0mm}{1cm}z=f(x,y)
+ & Z-z = p(X-x) + q(Y-y)
+ & \D\frac{X-x}{p} = \frac{Y-y}{q} = \frac{Z-z}{-1}\\
+\begin{array}{c} x=x(u,v)\\y=y(u,v)\\z=z(u,v) \end{array}
+ & \begin{array}{|ccc|}
+ X-x & Y-y & Z-z\\[0.5ex]
+ \D\frac{\partial x}{\partial u} &
+ \D\frac{\partial y}{\partial u} &
+ \D\frac{\partial z}{\partial u} \\[2.0ex]
+ \D\frac{\partial x}{\partial v} &
+ \D\frac{\partial y}{\partial v} &
+ \D\frac{\partial z}{\partial v}
+ \end{array} = 0
+ & \begin{array}{c@{=}c}
+ \D\frac{X-x}{\left|\begin{array}{c}
+ \frac{\partial y}{\partial u}\;
+ \frac{\partial z}{\partial u}\\[0.8ex]
+ \frac{\partial y}{\partial v}\;\frac{\partial z}{\partial v}
+ \end{array}\right|} &
+ \D \frac{Y-y}{\left|\begin{array}{c}
+ \frac{\partial z}{\partial u}\;
+ \frac{\partial x}{\partial u}\\[0.8ex]
+ \frac{\partial z}{\partial v}\;\frac{\partial x}{\partial v}
+ \end{array}\right|} \\
+ & \rule{0mm}{4ex}
+ \D \frac{Z-z}{\left|\begin{array}{c}
+ \frac{\partial x}{\partial u}\;
+ \frac{\partial y}{\partial u}\\[0.8ex]
+ \frac{\partial x}{\partial v}\;\frac{\partial y}{\partial v}
+ \end{array}\right|}
+ \end{array} \\
+\rule[-0.42cm]{0mm}{1.17cm}\mbox{\boldmath$r=r$}(u,v)
+ & \begin{array}{r}
+ \mbox{\boldmath$(R-r)(r_1\times r_2) = \mbox{\unboldmath$0$}$}\\
+ \mbox{or\qquad\boldmath$(R-r)N = \mbox{\unboldmath$0$}$}
+ \end{array}
+ & \begin{array}{r@{\;=\;}l}
+ \mbox{\boldmath$R$} & \mbox{\boldmath$r +
+ \mbox{\unboldmath$\lambda$}(r_1\times r_2$)}\\
+ \mbox{or\quad\boldmath$R$} &
+ \mbox{\boldmath$r + \mbox{\unboldmath$\lambda$}N$}
+ \end{array}\\ \hline
+\multicolumn{3}{@{}|c|@{}}{\parbox{11.3cm}{\vspace*{0.5ex}In this table
+ $x,\,y,\,z$ and
+ \mbox{\boldmath$r$} are the coordinates and the radius vector of a fixed
+ point $M$ on the curve; $X,\,Y,\,Z$, and \mbox{\boldmath$R$} are the
+ coordinates and radius vector of a point on the tangential plane or surface
+ normal with reference to $M$; furthermore,
+ $p = \frac{\partial z}{\partial x}$, $q = \frac{\partial z}{\partial y}$
+ and $\mbox{\boldmath$r_1$} = \partial\mbox{\boldmath$r$}/\partial u$,
+ $\mbox{\boldmath$r_2$} = \partial\mbox{\boldmath$r$}/\partial v$.}}
+\\[0.8ex] \hline
+\end{array} \]
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-21b.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-21b.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..42a54e46336
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-21b.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+%========================================================================
+% With an slightly increased \textwidth a better presentation for the
+% whole math. table can be made together with an even simpler solution.
+%========================================================================
+\documentclass{article}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{135mm}
+\begin{document}
+\newcommand{\D}{\displaystyle}
+\newcommand{\bm}{\boldmath}
+\[ \begin{array}{@{}|c|c|c|@{}}\hline
+\multicolumn{3}{@{}|c|@{}}{\rule[-0.125cm]{0mm}{0.5cm}%
+\mbox{Equations for the tangential plane and surface normal}}\\
+\hline
+\mbox{Equation}&&\\
+\mbox{for the} & \mbox{Tangential plane} & \mbox{Surface normal}\\
+\mbox{surface} & & \\ \hline
+\rule{0mm}{0.583cm}F(x,y,z)=0
+ & \begin{array}[t]{r@{\:+\:}l}
+ \D\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}(X-x)
+ & \D\frac{\partial F}{\partial y}(Y-y) \\[2ex]
+ & \D\frac{\partial F}{\partial z}(Z-z) = 0
+ \end{array}
+ & \D\frac{X-x}{\D\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}} =
+ \frac{Y-y}{\D\frac{\partial F}{\partial y}} =
+ \frac{Z-z}{\D\frac{\partial F}{\partial z}}\\
+\rule[-0.42cm]{0mm}{1cm}z=f(x,y)
+ & Z-z = p(X-x) + q(Y-y)
+ & \D\frac{X-x}{p} = \frac{Y-y}{q} = \frac{Z-z}{-1}\\
+\begin{array}{c} x=x(u,v)\\y=y(u,v)\\z=z(u,v) \end{array}
+ & \begin{array}{|ccc|}
+ X-x & Y-y & Z-z\\[0.5ex]
+ \D\frac{\partial x}{\partial u} &
+ \D\frac{\partial y}{\partial u} &
+ \D\frac{\partial z}{\partial u} \\[2.0ex]
+ \D\frac{\partial x}{\partial v} &
+ \D\frac{\partial y}{\partial v} &
+ \D\frac{\partial z}{\partial v}
+ \end{array} = 0
+ & \D\frac{X-x}{\left|\begin{array}{c}
+ \frac{\partial y}{\partial u}\;
+ \frac{\partial z}{\partial u}\\[0.8ex]
+ \frac{\partial y}{\partial v}\;\frac{\partial z}{\partial v}
+ \end{array}\right|}
+ \D \frac{Y-y}{\left|\begin{array}{c}
+ \frac{\partial z}{\partial u}\;
+ \frac{\partial x}{\partial u}\\[0.8ex]
+ \frac{\partial z}{\partial v}\;\frac{\partial x}{\partial v}
+ \end{array}\right|}
+ \D \frac{Z-z}{\left|\begin{array}{c}
+ \frac{\partial x}{\partial u}\;
+ \frac{\partial y}{\partial u}\\[0.8ex]
+ \frac{\partial x}{\partial v}\;\frac{\partial y}{\partial v}
+ \end{array}\right|} \\
+\rule[-0.42cm]{0mm}{1.17cm}\mbox{\boldmath$r=r$}(u,v)
+ & \begin{array}{r}
+ \mbox{\boldmath$(R-r)(r_1\times r_2) = \mbox{\unboldmath$0$}$}\\
+ \mbox{or\qquad\boldmath$(R-r)N = \mbox{\unboldmath$0$}$}
+ \end{array}
+ & \begin{array}{r@{\;=\;}l}
+ \mbox{\boldmath$R$} & \mbox{\boldmath$r +
+ \mbox{\unboldmath$\lambda$}(r_1\times r_2$)}\\
+ \mbox{or\quad\boldmath$R$} &
+ \mbox{\boldmath$r + \mbox{\unboldmath$\lambda$}N$}
+ \end{array}\\ \hline
+\multicolumn{3}{@{}|c|@{}}{\parbox{12.5cm}{\vspace*{0.5ex}In this table
+ $x,\,y,\,z$ and
+ \mbox{\boldmath$r$} are the coordinates and the radius vector of a fixed
+ point $M$ on the curve; $X,\,Y,\,Z$, and \mbox{\boldmath$R$} are the
+ coordinates and radius vector of a point on the tangential plane or surface
+ normal with reference to $M$; furthermore,
+ $p = \frac{\partial z}{\partial x}$, $q = \frac{\partial z}{\partial y}$
+ and $\mbox{\boldmath$r_1$} = \partial\mbox{\boldmath$r$}/\partial u$,
+ $\mbox{\boldmath$r_2$} = \partial\mbox{\boldmath$r$}/\partial v$.}}
+\\[0.8ex] \hline
+\end{array} \]
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-3.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4b15e9b0566
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+\documentclass[fleqn]{article}
+\begin{document}
+\setlength{\mathindent}{2cm}
+The reduced cubic equation $y^3 + 3py +2q = 0$ has one real and two complex
+solutions when $D = q^2 + p^3 > 0$. These are given by Cardan's formula as
+\begin{equation} y_1 = u + v \end{equation}
+\begin{equation} y_2 = -\frac{u+v}{2} + \frac{i}{2}\sqrt{3}(u-v) \end{equation}
+\begin{equation} y_3 = -\frac{u+v}{2} - \frac{i}{2}\sqrt{3}(u-v) \end{equation}
+where
+\[ u = \sqrt[3]{-q + \sqrt{q^2+p^3}},\qquad v = \sqrt[3]{-q - \sqrt{q^2+p^3}} \]
+\end{document}
+
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-4.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-4.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..47e66f15dd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-4.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage{german}
+\begin{document}
+Each of the measurements $x_1 < x_2 < \cdots < x_r$ occures
+$p_1$-, $p_2$-$,\ldots,p_r$ times. The mean value and standard deviation
+are then
+\[ x = \frac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^r p_i x_i,\qquad s= \sqrt{\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^r
+ p_i(x_i - x)^2} \]
+where $ n = p_1 + p_2 +\cdots+p_r $.
+\end{document}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-5.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-5.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1a2fc238383
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-5.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+Although this equation looks very complicated, it should not present
+any great difficulties:
+\[ \int\frac{\sqrt{(ax+b)^3}}{x}\,dx = \frac{2\sqrt{(ax+b)^3}}{3}
+ + 2b\sqrt{ax+b} + b^2\int\frac{dx}{x\sqrt{ax+b}} \]
+The same applies to $\int^8_{-1}(dx/\sqrt[3]{x}) = \frac{3}{2}(8^{2/3} +
+ 1^{2/3}) = 15/2$
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-6.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-6.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2d353a59383
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-6.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+The union of two sets $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{B}$ is the set of elements
+that are in at least one of the two sets, and is designated as
+$\mathcal{A\cup B}$. This operation is commutative
+$\mathcal{A\cup B = B\cup A}$ and associative $\mathcal{(A\cup B)\cup C =
+A\cup(B\cup C)}$. If $\mathcal{A\subseteq B}$, then
+$\mathcal{A\cup B = B}$. It then follows that $\mathcal{A\cup A = A}$,
+$\mathcal{A\cup\{\emptyset\} = A}$ and $\mathcal{J\cup A = J}$.
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-7.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-7.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8ee134a9963
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-7.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+\noindent
+Applying l'Hopital's rule, one has
+\[ \lim_{x\to0}\frac{\ln\sin\pi x}{\ln\sin x}
+ = \lim_{x\to0}\frac{\pi\frac{\cos\pi x}{\sin\pi x}}{\frac{\cos x}{\sin x}}
+ = \lim_{x\to0}\frac{\pi\tan x}{\tan\pi x}
+ = \lim_{x\to0}\frac{\pi/\cos^2 x}{\pi/\cos^2 \pi x}
+ = \lim_{x\to0}\frac{\cos^2\pi x}{\cos^2 x} = 1 \]
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-8.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-8.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b163e13ded6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-8.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{135mm}
+\begin{document}
+\noindent
+The gamma function $\Gamma(x)$ is defined as
+\[ \Gamma(x)\equiv\lim_{n\to\infty}\prod_{\nu=0}^{n-1}\frac{n!n^{x-1}}{x+\nu}
+ = \lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{n!n^{x-1}}{x(x+1)(x+2)\cdots(x+n-1)}
+ \equiv\int_0^\infty e^{-t}t^{x-1}\,dt \]
+The integral definition is valid only for $x>0$ (2nd Euler integral).
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-9.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-9.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3a104cd3ba0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap7/exer7-9.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\begin{document}
+The reduced cubic equation $y^3 + 3py +2q = 0$ has one real and two complex
+solutions when $D = q^2 + p^3 > 0$. These are given by Cardan's formula as
+\begin{equation} y_1 = u + v \end{equation}
+\begin{equation} y_2 = -\frac{u+v}{2} + \frac{i}{2}\sqrt{3}(u-v) \end{equation}
+\begin{equation} y_3 = -\frac{u+v}{2} - \frac{i}{2}\sqrt{3}(u-v) \end{equation}
+where
+\[ u = \sqrt[3]{-q + \sqrt{q^2+p^3}},\qquad v = \sqrt[3]{-q - \sqrt{q^2+p^3}} \]
+\end{document}
+
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap8/exer8-1.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap8/exer8-1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..218de1ba564
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap8/exer8-1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage[dvips]{graphics}
+\begin{document}
+This is some sample text together with an include graphic given as an
+\texttt{.eps}-File. The beginning text stands above the graphic that
+follows now
+
+\includegraphics{demo}
+
+Below the graphic some additional follows as shown here.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap8/exer8-2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap8/exer8-2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cf45720ae5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap8/exer8-2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage[dvips]{graphicx}
+\begin{document}
+This is some sample text together with an include graphic given as an
+\texttt{.eps}-File. The beginning text stands above the graphic that
+follows now
+
+\includegraphics[scale=2.0, angle=45, origin=c]{demo}
+
+Below the graphic some additional follows as shown here.
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap8/exer8-3.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap8/exer8-3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ca2655f5691
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/guide-to-latex/exercises/chap8/exer8-3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
+\usepackage[dvipsnames]{color}
+\usepackage{multicol}
+\pagestyle{empty}
+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0pt}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{16cm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{22cm}
+\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
+\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}
+
+\begin{document}
+\renewcommand*{\DefineNamedColor}[4]{%
+ \textcolor[named]{#2}{\rule{7mm}{7mm}}\quad
+ \texttt{#2}\strut\\}
+
+\begin{center}\Large Named colors in \texttt{dvipsnam.def}
+\end{center}
+\begin{multicols}{3}
+\input{dvipsnam.def}
+\end{multicols}
+\end{document}